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atomic theory is the scientific theory that matter is composed of particles called atoms. the concept that matter is composed of discrete particles is an ancient idea, but gained scientific credence in the 18th and 19th centuries when scientists found it could explain the behaviors of gases and how chemical elements re... |
ai is artificial intelligence, intellectual ability in machines and robots. ai, ai or a.i. may also refer to: animals ai (chimpanzee), an individual experimental subject in japan ai (sloth) or the pale-throated sloth, northern amazonian mammal species arts, entertainment and media works ai (album), a 2004 release by se... |
aung san suu kyi (; ; born 19 june 1945), sometimes abbreviated to suu kyi, is a burmese politician, diplomat, author, and a 1991 nobel peace prize laureate who served as state counsellor of myanmar (equivalent to a prime minister) and minister of foreign affairs from 2016 to 2021. she has served as the general secreta... |
abraham joshua heschel (january 11, 1907 – december 23, 1972) was a polish-american rabbi and one of the leading jewish theologians and jewish philosophers of the 20th century. heschel, a professor of jewish mysticism at the jewish theological seminary of america, authored a number of widely read books on jewish philos... |
the aberdeen bestiary (aberdeen university library, univ lib. ms 24) is a 12th-century english illuminated manuscript bestiary that was first listed in 1542 in the inventory of the old royal library at the palace of westminster. due to similarities, it is often considered to be the "sister" manuscript of the ashmole be... |
the latin american integration association / asociación latinoamericana de integración / associação latino-americana de integração (laia / aladi) is an international and regional scope organization. it was created on 12 august 1980 by the 1980 montevideo treaty, replacing the latin american free trade association (laft... |
aircraft spotting, or planespotting, is a hobby consisting of tracking the movement of aircraft, which is usually accomplished by photography or videography. besides monitoring aircraft, planespotting enthusiasts (who are usually called planespotters) also record information regarding airports, air traffic control comm... |
advertising is the practice and techniques employed to bring attention to a product or service. advertising aims to put a product or service in the spotlight in hopes of drawing it attention from consumers. it is typically used to promote a specific good or service, but there are wide range of uses, the most common bei... |
in the field of artificial intelligence, the most difficult problems are informally known as ai-complete or ai-hard, implying that the difficulty of these computational problems, assuming intelligence is computational, is equivalent to that of solving the central artificial intelligence problem—making computers as inte... |
archaeoastronomy (also spelled archeoastronomy) is the interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary study of how people in the past "have understood the phenomena in the sky, how they used these phenomena and what role the sky played in their cultures". clive ruggles argues it is misleading to consider archaeoastronomy to be... |
andrzej sapkowski (; born 21 june 1948) is a polish fantasy writer, essayist, translator and a trained economist. he is best known for his six-volume series of books the witcher, which revolves around the eponymous "witcher," a monster-hunter, geralt of rivia. it began with the publication of sword of destiny (1992), a... |
an ammeter (abbreviation of ampere meter) is an instrument used to measure the current in a circuit. electric currents are measured in amperes (a), hence the name. for direct measurement, the ammeter is connected in series with the circuit in which the current is to be measured. an ammeter usually has low resistance so... |
amanda hesser (born 1971) is an american food writer, editor, cookbook author and entrepreneur. most notably, she was the food editor of the new york times magazine, the editor of t living, a quarterly publication of the new york times, author of the essential new york times cookbook which was a new york times bestsell... |
an anxiolytic (; also antipanic or anti-anxiety agent) is a medication or other intervention that reduces anxiety. this effect is in contrast to anxiogenic agents which increase anxiety. anxiolytic medications are used for the treatment of anxiety disorders and their related psychological and physical symptoms. nature ... |
antipsychotics, also known as neuroleptics, are a class of psychotropic medication primarily used to manage psychosis (including delusions, hallucinations, paranoia or disordered thought), principally in schizophrenia but also in a range of other psychotic disorders. they are also the mainstay together with mood stabil... |
is a japanese name and may refer to: places 8182 akita, a main-belt asteroid akita castle, a nara period fortified settlement in akita, japan akita domain, also known as kubota domain, feudal domain in edo period japan akita, kumamoto, a former town akita prefecture, japan akita (city) akita-yake-yama, a small stratovo... |
archduke charles louis john joseph laurentius of austria, duke of teschen (; 5 september 177130 april 1847) was an austrian field-marshal, the third son of emperor leopold ii and his wife, maria luisa of spain. he was also the younger brother of francis ii, holy roman emperor. he was epileptic, but achieved respect bot... |
augustine of canterbury (early 6th century – most likely 26 may 604) was a christian monk who became the first archbishop of canterbury in the year 597. he is considered the "apostle to the english" and a founding figure of the church of england. augustine was the prior of a monastery in rome when pope gregory the grea... |
alexander of hales (also halensis, alensis, halesius, alesius ; 21 august 1245), also called doctor irrefragibilis (by pope alexander iv in the bull de fontibus paradisi) and theologorum monarcha, was a franciscan friar, theologian and philosopher important in the development of scholasticism. life alexander was born a... |
active server pages (asp) is microsoft's first server-side scripting language and engine for dynamic web pages. it was first released in december 1996, before being superseded in january 2002 by asp.net. history initially released as an add-on to internet information services (iis) via the windows nt 4.0 option pack (1... |
amoxicillin is an antibiotic medication belonging to the aminopenicillin class of the penicillin family. the drug is used to treat bacterial infections such as middle ear infection, strep throat, pneumonia, skin infections, odontogenic infections, and urinary tract infections. it is taken by mouth, or less commonly by ... |
in condensed matter physics and materials science, an amorphous solid (or non-crystalline solid) is a solid that lacks the long-range order that is characteristic of a crystal. the terms "glass" and "glassy solid" are sometimes used synonymously with amorphous solid; however, these terms refer specifically to amorphous... |
a wizard of earthsea is a fantasy novel written by american author ursula k. le guin and first published by the small press parnassus in 1968. it is regarded as a classic of children's literature and of fantasy, within which it is widely influential. the story is set in the fictional archipelago of earthsea and centers... |
aleksandar živojinović (born 27 august 1953), known professionally as alex lifeson (), is a canadian musician, best known as the guitarist for the rock band rush. in 1968, lifeson co-founded a band that would later become rush, with drummer john rutsey and bassist and lead vocalist jeff jones. jones was replaced by ged... |
az (or similar) may refer to: companies and organizations alkmaar zaanstreek, formerly az '67, a dutch eredivisie football club az (women), the affiliated women's football club (2007–2011) astrazeneca, a uk-based pharmaceutical company oxford–astrazeneca covid-19 vaccine, their covid-19 vaccine (sometimes abbreviated a... |
argouml is an uml diagramming application written in java and released under the open source eclipse public license. by virtue of being a java application, it is available on any platform supported by java se. history argouml was originally developed at uc irvine by jason e. robbins, leading to his ph.d. it was an open... |
a file archiver is a computer program that combines a number of files together into one archive file, or a series of archive files, for easier transportation or storage. file archivers may employ lossless data compression in their archive formats to reduce the size of the archive. basic archivers just take a list of fi... |
in ancient greek religion and mythology, artemis (; ) is the goddess of the hunt, the wilderness, wild animals, nature, vegetation, childbirth, care of children, and chastity. in later times, in some places, she was identified with selene, the personification of the moon. she often roamed the forests of greece, attende... |
() is a german phrase meaning "work sets you free" or "work makes one free". the slogan originates from a 1873 novel by lorenz diefenbach. it is known for appearing on the entrance of auschwitz and other nazi concentration camps. origin the expression comes from the title of an 1873 novel by the german philologist lore... |
axayacatl (; ; ; meaning "face of water"; –1481) was the sixth of the of tenochtitlan and emperor of the aztec triple alliance. biography early life and background axayacatl was a son of the princess atotoztli ii and her cousin, prince tezozomoc. he was a grandson of the emperors moctezuma i and itzcoatl. he was a desc... |
ahuitzotl (, ) was the eighth aztec ruler, the huey tlatoani of the city of tenochtitlan, son of princess atotoztli ii. his name literally means "water thorny" and was also applied to the otter. it is also theorized that more likely, the animal called ahuitzotl is actually the water opossum, the hand symbolizing its pr... |
albinism is a congenital condition characterized in humans by the partial or complete absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes. albinism is associated with a number of vision defects, such as photophobia, nystagmus, and amblyopia. lack of skin pigmentation makes for more susceptibility to sunburn and skin cancers.... |
amr abdel basset abdel azeez diab (, ; born 11 october 1961) is an egyptian singer, composer and actor. he has established himself as a globally acclaimed recording artist and author. he is a guinness world record holder, the best selling middle eastern artist, a seven-times winner of world music awards and five-times ... |
belgian hip hop music has a few rappers stemming from africa and italy. belgium, like france, controlled african countries like the democratic republic of the congo (formerly zaire), rwanda, and burundi until the early 1960s. like in france, immigrants from these countries started to study and live in belgium. the belg... |
dutch hip hop or nederhop ("netherhop"), is hip hop / rap music created by dutch speaking musicians in the netherlands and flanders (belgium). although the first dutch speaking rappers in europe typically worked in english, this began to change after 1986, at first in an underground scene. the osdorp posse were the fir... |
angela anaïs juana antolina rosa edelmira nin y culmell ( , ; february 21, 1903 – january 14, 1977) was a french-born american diarist, essayist, novelist, and writer of short stories and erotica. born to cuban parents in france, nin was the daughter of the composer joaquín nin and the classically trained singer rosa c... |
aim (aol instant messenger) was an instant messaging and presence computer program created by aol, which used the proprietary oscar instant messaging protocol and the toc protocol to allow registered users to communicate in real time. aim was popular by the late 1990s, in united states and other countries, and was the ... |
in computability theory, the ackermann function, named after wilhelm ackermann, is one of the simplest and earliest-discovered examples of a total computable function that is not primitive recursive. all primitive recursive functions are total and computable, but the ackermann function illustrates that not all total co... |
the antarctic ( or , american english also or ; commonly ) is a polar region around earth's south pole, opposite the arctic region around the north pole. the antarctic comprises the continent of antarctica, the kerguelen plateau, and other island territories located on the antarctic plate or south of the antarctic conv... |
the albanians ( ; , ) are an ethnic group native to the balkan peninsula who share a common albanian ancestry, culture, history and language. they primarily live in albania, kosovo, north macedonia, montenegro, serbia as well as in croatia, greece, italy and turkey. they also constitute a large diaspora with several co... |
the association for computing machinery (acm) is a us-based international learned society for computing. it was founded in 1947 and is the world's largest scientific and educational computing society. the acm is a non-profit professional membership group, reporting nearly 110,000 student and professional members . its ... |
anabaptism (from neo-latin , from the greek : 're-' and 'baptism', , earlier also ) is a christian movement which traces its origins to the radical reformation. the early anabaptists formulated their beliefs in a confession of faith called the schleitheim confession. in 1527, michael sattler presided over a meeting at ... |
ans or ans or variation, may refer to: places ans, belgium, a municipality in belgium ans, denmark, a village in denmark angus, scotland, uk; a council area by its chapman code ainsdale railway station, england, uk (by station code ans) andahuaylas airport, peru (by iata airport code ans) people ans (given name), a dut... |
southeast alaska, often abbreviated to southeast or southeastern, and sometimes called the alaska(n) panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the u.s. state of alaska, bordered to the east and north by the northern half of the canadian province of british columbia (and a small part of yukon). the majority of southeast... |
the algemeen nijmeegs studentenblad is an independent student magazine for the radboud university nijmegen. founded in 1985 by members of the local student union akku, it is now published by the stichting multimedia. external links http://www.ans-online.nl/ (flash required) 1985 establishments in the netherlands dutch-... |
interior alaska is the central region of alaska's territory, roughly bounded by the alaska range to the south and the brooks range to the north. it is largely wilderness. mountains include denali in the alaska range, the wrangell mountains, and the ray mountains. the native people of the interior are alaskan athabaskan... |
"and did those feet in ancient time" is a poem by william blake from the preface to his epic milton: a poem in two books, one of a collection of writings known as the prophetic books. the date of 1804 on the title page is probably when the plates were begun, but the poem was printed . today it is best known as the hymn... |
in alaska, the bush typically refers to any region of the state that is not connected to the north american road network or does not have ready access to the state's ferry system. a large proportion of alaska native populations live in the bush, often depending on subsistence hunting and fishing. geographically, the bu... |
a little night music is a musical with music and lyrics by stephen sondheim and book by hugh wheeler. inspired by the 1955 ingmar bergman film smiles of a summer night, it involves the romantic lives of several couples. its title is a literal english translation of the german name for mozart's serenade no. 13, k. 525, ... |
dual wielding is the technique of using two weapons, one in each hand for training or combat. it is not a common combat practice. although historical records of dual wielding in war are limited, there are numerous weapon-based martial arts that involve the use of a pair of weapons. the use of a companion weapon is some... |
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