title stringlengths 0 1.13k | abstract stringlengths 1 15.7k | PMID int64 22 36.5M |
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Conjugation of fluorochromes to monoclonal antibodies. | Detection of cell surface molecules labeled by monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies conjugated to a fluorochrome is probably the most widely used application of flow cytometry. This unit contains protocols for tagging monoclonal antibodies with fluorescein, biotin, Texas Red, and phycobiliproteins. In addition, it provi... | 18,770,708 |
Handling, storage, and preparation of human tissues. | Human tissue for flow cytometry must be prepared as an adequate single-cell suspension. The appropriate methods for tissue collection, transport, storage, and dissociation depend on the cell parameters being measured and the localization of the markers. This unit includes a general method for collecting and transportin... | 18,770,712 |
Flow analysis and sorting of plant chromosomes. | The use of flow cytometry for evaluation of plant chromosomes requires some specialized attention to preparation and instrumentation. This unit deals exclusively with plant cytogenetics and presents an outline of this area as well as methods for accumulation of cells in metaphase, preparation of chromosome suspensions,... | 18,770,713 |
Assessment of viability, immunofluorescence, and DNA content. | This unit addresses the difficult and important area of differentiation between viable and nonviable cells, a question of particular interest for DNA studies. The basic protocol describes the determination of DNA content using pyronin Y combined with dead cell discrimination using 7-AAD. Alternate protocols present met... | 18,770,723 |
Ultraviolet-induced detection of halogenated pyrimidines (UVID). | When halogenated pyrimidines such as BrdU are used to identify DNA-synthesizing cells, their detection with monoclonal antibodies requires DNA denaturation, which can lead to loss of cells and/or cell markers or antigens. The authors present an alternative method employing ultraviolet light to partially photolyze BrdU ... | 18,770,727 |
Analysis of nuclear DNA content and ploidy in higher plants. | This is the first of a series of units discussing the application of cytometry to plant material. Techniques commonly used for mammalian nuclei evaluation need considerable modification to be successful with plant material. David Galbraith and his colleagues bring together many years of knowledge in plant cytometry. Th... | 18,770,733 |
Basic preparative techniques for fluorescence in situ hybridization. | This unit presents protocols for preparing human metaphase chromosome slides from peripheral blood lymphocytes, isolating interphase nuclei from lymphocytes and paraffin-embedded tissues, and preparing DNA fibers. The protocols are designed so that the resulting preparations are amenable to FISH. The methods correspond... | 18,770,740 |
Assessment of surface markers and functionality of dendritic cells (DCs). | Dendritic cells are a complex group of mainly bone marrow derived cells that possess significant ability to take up, process, and present soluble antigens to responder cells in the lymphoid tissues. Characterization of DC surface markers has been a difficult task owing to the lack of appropriate reagents of sufficient ... | 18,770,754 |
Flow cytometric measurement of intracellular pH. | A number of fundamentally important biological processes, such as cell signaling and the initiation of mitosis, are accompanied by a change in intracellular pH. Flow cytometric measurement of pH is a generally straightforward procedure that can be done with any instrument equipped with a 488-nm argon laser. The overall... | 18,770,756 |
Abbreviations used in this manual. | This appendix consists of abbreviations commonly used in cytometry and their definitions. | 18,770,761 |
Immunophenotypic analysis of PNH cells. | Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare acquired hematopoietic stem-cell disorder in which a gene mutation results in cellular inability to synthesize the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors needed to attach various proteins to the cell membrane. Traditional clinical laboratory PNH screening and diag... | 18,770,768 |
Labeling of bacterial pathogens for flow cytometric detection and enumeration. | Traditional uses of flow cytometry have been for research and diagnostic purposes, on mammalian cells. This unit focuses on using a flow cytometer for enumerating specific bacteria and parasites. Several different labeling methods are discussed, as well as how to set up a cytometer for detecting and enumerating bacteri... | 18,770,788 |
Estimation of microbial viability using flow cytometry. | For microorganisms in particular, viability is a term that is difficult to define and a state consequently difficult to measure. The traditional (and gold-standard) usage equates viability and culturability (i.e., the ability to multiply), but the process of determining culturability is often too slow. Flow cytometry p... | 18,770,790 |
Combined immunofluorescence and FISH: new prospects for tumor cell detection/identification. | Fluorescence-microscope based methods are presented that allow automatic selection and quantification of immunophenotyped cells and sequential FISH analysis to facilitate molecular cytogenetic analysis of single cells and very small cell populations. The protocols in this unit are particularly useful for studying the b... | 18,770,807 |
Modern confocal microscopy. | This unit re-examines confocal microscopy from a current perspective. It outlines many of the most modern applications of confocal microscopy and the issues surrounding them. The expanding applications of confocal microscopy demand both minor and major modifications of the technology to enhance imaging capabilities for... | 18,770,814 |
Microsphere surface protein determination using flow cytometry. | This unit describes an extrinsic staining protocol using the amine-reactive CBQCA dye to measure the amount of protein on the surface of a microsphere. This approach is novel in that it allows microspheres bearing proteins without known binding partners to be accurately quantified on a flow cytometer. | 18,770,818 |
Stem cell identification and sorting using the Hoechst 33342 side population (SP). | This unit describes the use of Hoechst 33342 to identify and purify murine hematopoietic stem cells, the so-called side population. Three properties of the dye contribute to the ability to distinguish stem cells in this way. Hoechst is a DNA-binding dye. It has at least two binding modes that result in different spectr... | 18,770,827 |
Reagents and instruments for multiplexed analysis using microparticles. | Multiplexed molecular analysis by means of flow cytometry using optically encoded microspheres is a rapidly expanding application that has its roots in the earliest days of flow cytometry. The approach is driven by increasing demand for analytical methods to measure large numbers of biomolecules quantitatively and sens... | 18,770,838 |
Separation index: an easy-to-use metric for evaluation of different configurations on the same flow cytometer. | A quick and understandable method, using material readily available in a biology laboratory, for evaluating the measurement sensitivity of flow cytometers is presented in detail. Two examples of its use, in determining an optimal emission filter and in evaluating compensation, are also presented. | 18,770,847 |
Detecting protein-protein interactions in vivo with FRET using multiphoton fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). | Protein interactions are critical for many processes in mammalian cells. Such interactions include the stable association of proteins within multi-subunit complexes and the transient association of regulatory proteins. Information about protein interactions in cells has previously come from either in vitro analyses usi... | 18,770,849 |
Polychromatic analysis of mitochondrial membrane potential using JC-1. | Dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)) has been accepted as a hallmark of some apoptotic processes. Depending on the model studied, it can occur during the early stages of cell death or later on, after loss of DNA integrity. Discordant data in the literature could be the consequence of using ... | 18,770,854 |
Spiro skeletons: a class of privileged structure for chiral ligand design. | This Focus Review highlights the exciting results obtained in the area of asymmetric catalysis using spirobiindane- or spirobifluorene-based chiral ligands. The spiro, mono, and bidentate ligands have been successfully applied in a wide range of transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric reactions, including hydrogenations,... | 18,770,872 |
Proximity to death and participation in the long-term care market. | The extent to which increasing longevity increases per capita demand for long-term care depends on the degree to which utilization is concentrated at the end of life. We estimate the marginal effect of proximity to death, measured by being within 2 years of death, on the probabilities of nursing home and formal home ca... | 18,770,873 |
Neuropsychiatric aspects of coinfection with HIV and hepatitis C virus. | The increasing health care crisis of coinfection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV has recently attracted the attention of research in the areas of psychiatric and neurocognitive complications related to coinfection. The preliminary data suggest that HIV/HCV coinfection has neurocognitive and psychiatric effects. Th... | 18,770,900 |
[Saphenous insufficiency. Ambulatory treatment with ligation and vein preservation]. | During years the treatment of the insufficiency of the ostial valve of the Internal Safena (IS) it has consisted of the resection of the vein by means of different techniques. To propose and to evaluate the results of the preservative treatment by means of tie and section of the cayado one of IF with preservation of th... | 18,770,934 |
[Endocarditis of pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator leads]. | Infective endocarditis includes the endovascular devices infection. The main objective was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and evolution of the endocarditis related to electronics devices. Between 2002 - 2007 periods were identified 7 patients, age average of 56.5 years. The clinical presentation was fever of ... | 18,770,936 |
[Primary ovarian pregnancy (case report)]. | A case of a patients is presented that consults for sharp abdominal pain that is intervened surgically with extirpation of a mass that commits the right annex. Histological preparations showed confirms ovarian pregnancy. | 18,770,938 |
[Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis type-II--a rare cause of direct hyperbilirubinemia exacerbations with hepatic fibrosis]. | Direct hyperbilirubinemia, may result from a variety of pathologies, including structural obstructions with biliary tract occlusions (as in cholelithiasis), infections (e.g. hepatitis) and genetic disorders (Rotor's and Dubin-Johnson's syndrome). One of the less common and probably more frequently underdiagnosed causes... | 18,770,956 |
[Three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy concurrent with full dose Gemcitabine for locally advanced inoperable pancreatic cancer]. | Gemcitabine is a potent radiosensitizer of pancreatic cancer cells. Concomitant full dose Gemcitabine and three dimensional conformal radiation to a small field is a novel approach to unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study is to report the outcome, tolerability and toxicity of this combi... | 18,770,957 |
The relationship among mathematics anxiety, beliefs about mathematics, mathematics self-efficacy, and mathematics performance in associate degree nursing students. | This research explored nursing students' mathematics anxiety, beliefs about mathematics, and mathematics self-efficacy in relation to performance on a medication mathematics test. Results revealed that the participants experienced some mathematics anxiety and had positive beliefs about mathematics and mathematics self-... | 18,770,952 |
[Conscience, principled refusal and ethics of refusal to provide treatment to a patient's request]. | There are situations in which refusal to provide treatment according to a patient's request may be justified by ethical rules and principles of medical ethics. This article explores such situations, analyzing the various factors which a physician may consider when refusal to provide treatment is at stake. The article f... | 18,770,960 |
Characterization and activity of cephalosporin metal complexes. | Semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotics have structures similar to that of penicillins, and both groups of compounds are characterized by similar properties and determined by the same methods. Most antibiotics, including cephalosporins and their decomposition products, contain electron donor groups that can bind natur... | 18,771,001 |
Transcriptome alterations in the prefrontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia who committed suicide. | To better understand the pathophysiological events associate with suicide in subjects with schizophrenia, we performed a DNA microarray expression profiling of the frontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia who committed suicide, subjects with schizophrenia who died of non-suicidal causes and matched control subject... | 18,771,015 |
Is transmission of HIV-1 in non-viraemic serodiscordant couples possible? | Several studies have shown that HIV-1 transmission in serodiscordant couples is significantly reduced when the plasma viral load (pVL) in the infected partner is low or undetectable. However, residual infectivity in the seminal compartment despite undetectable pVL has also been shown. Here we report HIV-1 transmission ... | 18,771,057 |
The times they are a changin': marital status and health differentials from 1972 to 2003. | Although the meanings and rates of being married, divorced, separated, never-married, and widowed have changed significantly over the past several decades, we know very little about historical trends in the relationship between marital status and health. Our analysis of pooled data from the National Health Interview Su... | 18,771,061 |
The formation of a socioeconomic health disparity: the case of cocaine use during the 1980s and 1990s. | Despite the substantial and prolonged sociological interest in health disparities, much remains unknown about the processes that initiate them. To investigate this topic, we focus on the case study of cocaine use, for which a socioeconomic disparity emerged across all age groups in a short period of time around 1990. W... | 18,771,068 |
Bortezomib as a therapeutic candidate for neuroblastoma. | Outcomes remain poor in neuroblastoma despite intensive treatment. Agents with potential efficacy can be drawn from anti-neoplastic drugs introduced for other malignancies. Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, modulates cell-signaling molecules leading to apoptosis. Bortezomib, alone and in combination with other agents... | 18,771,087 |
Human Borna disease virus-infection and its therapy in affective disorders. | Patients with affective disorders show an enhanced prevalence of Borna disease virus (BDV)-infection. Furthermore, BDV causes latent infection preferably in limbic central nervous structures and is suggested to be causally related to subtypes of affective disorders, especially with melancholic clinical features or bipo... | 18,771,101 |
Homosexual experience, desire and identity among young adults. | Is young people's sexuality becoming more fluid and less tied to steady, stable identity patterns? Are we developing into a society where sexual relationships between individuals of the same sex are no longer reserved for the small minority of gay men and lesbian women? Adherents of so-called queer theory have promulga... | 18,771,114 |
[Retroperitoneal endoscopic adrenalectomy vs. conventional adrenalectomy in treatment of benign adrenal lesions--comparative analysis]. | Miniinvasive adrenalectomy is considered to be the standard of care for the surgical treatment of the adrenal gland's pathology. Since the initial report of laparoscopic adrenalectomy in 1992 and of retroperitoneal endoscopic adrenalectomy in 1994, it has evolved into a feasible and safe minimally invasive procedure fo... | 18,771,144 |
[Experience of systematization on the treatment of patients with upper jaws fractures, during the period 1991-2000]. | A retrospecive analysis was done of the 128 patients with fractures in a upper jaw, treated during the period 1991-2000. The treatment of the patients with partial fractures in a alveolar part of maxilla and frontal wall of maxillary sinus, consist of debridement on the open wound, primery stiched and stabilization by ... | 18,771,150 |
[Characteristics of the spontaneously transformed human endothelial cell line ECV304. I. Multiple chromosomal rearrangements in endothelial cells ECV304]. | Karyotype of endothelial line ECV304 cells obtained from human umbilicus vein endothelial cells was studied using G-banding chromosome staining. It has been revealed that the cells have a polyploidy karyotype with 96-112 chromosomes and multiple numerical and structural clonal rearrangements. Almost all the chromosomes... | 18,771,171 |
[How I treat... paracetamol poisoning]. | Drug self-poisoning is a common cause of admission in ED. Among various incriminated substances, paracetamol is often implicated and presents a severe toxicity. We briefly describe the epidemiology and physiopathology of paracetamol self-poisoning. We then clarify the diagnostic elements, thresholds of toxicity, indica... | 18,771,223 |
Electrochemical pinning of the Fermi level: mediation of photoluminescence from gallium nitride and zinc oxide. | Charge transfer between diamond and an electrochemical redox couple in an adsorbed water film has recently been shown to pin the Fermi level in hydrogen-terminated diamond. Here we show that this effect is a more general phenomenon and influences the properties of other semiconductors when the band lineup between the a... | 18,771,263 |
Structural requirements for key residues and auxiliary portions of a BLUF domain. | BlrB in Rhodobacter sphaeroides is a single domain, flavin-based blue light sensor protein in the BLUF family of photoreceptors. Consistent with other members of this family, blue light excitation induces a putative signaling state characterized by a 10 nm red shift in the UV-visible absorbance spectrum. Structural and... | 18,771,279 |
Kinetic mechanism of protein arginine methyltransferase 1. | Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are SAM-dependent enzymes that catalyze the mono- and dimethylation of peptidyl arginine residues. Although all PRMTs produce monomethyl arginine (MMA), type 1 PRMTs go on to form asymmetrically dimethylated arginine (ADMA), while type 2 enzymes form symmetrically dimethylate... | 18,771,293 |
Viscosity and electrophoretic mobility of cesium fullerenehexamalonate in aqueous solutions--comparing experiments and theories on nanometer-sized spherical polyelectrolyte. | The viscosity of aqueous solutions of cesium fullerenehexamalonate T h -C 66(COOCs) 12, a rigid spherical nanometer-sized polyvalent salt, was measured by the Ubbelohde-type viscometer. The measurements were performed without added salt at 25 degrees C in the concentration range between 7 and 320 g/dm (3). THe concentr... | 18,771,306 |
Coupled deswelling of multiresponse microgels. | In this article, we study the response of a thermosensitive and ionic microgel to various external stimuli where coupling between different contributions to the total osmotic pressure is needed to describe the observations. We introduce a new Flory solvency parameter chi ( T, Q, n) with strong dependence on the network... | 18,771,310 |
Functionalized polycarbonate derived from tartaric acid: enzymatic ring-opening polymerization of a seven-membered cyclic carbonate. | Enantiomerically pure functional polycarbonate was synthesized from a novel seven-membered cyclic carbonate monomer derived from naturally occurring L-tartaric acid. The monomer was synthesized in three steps and screened for polymerization with four commercially available lipases from different sources at 80 degrees C... | 18,771,312 |
Novel textile chitosan scaffolds promote spreading, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblasts. | Two novel scaffold models made of chitosan fibers were designed, fabricated, and investigated. Raw chitosan fibers were either tightened between plastic rings or were processed into stand-alone scaffolds. Chitosan fiber scaffolds were further modified by coating with a thin layer of fibrillar collagen type I to biologi... | 18,771,318 |
Laser directed growth of carbon-based nanostructures by plasmon resonant chemical vapor deposition. | We exploit the strong plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles in the catalytic decomposition of CO to grow various forms of carbonaceous materials. Irradiating gold nanoparticles in a CO environment at their plasmon resonant frequency generates high temperatures and strong electric fields required to break the CO bond.... | 18,771,333 |
Tumor targeting by a multivalent single-chain Fv (scFv) anti-Lewis Y antibody construct. | The use of single-chain variable fragment (scFv) constructs has been investigated in cancer radioimmunotherapy (RIT) and radioimmunodetection, as these molecules permit rapid tumor penetration and clearance from the serum relative to whole IgG. Multimerization of scFv constructs has demonstrated improvements in functio... | 18,771,345 |
Increased expression of the tumor suppressor PLZF is a continuous predictor of long-term survival in malignant melanoma patients. | Promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) is a transcriptional repressor and tumor suppressor inhibiting melanoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo in animal models. In this study, we analyzed the impact of in vivo primary tumor gene expression of PLZF on the long-term survival of malignant melanoma patients. PLZF expre... | 18,771,349 |
Immunochemotherapy with PSK and fluoropyrimidines improves long-term prognosis for curatively resected colorectal cancer. | Long-term survival, which extends beyond 5 years, is a desired outcome for colorectal cancer patients. In the present study, we retrospectively compared the 10-year overall survival between the control group and the polysaccharide kureha (PSK) group and analyzed the factors influencing the prognosis. The control group ... | 18,771,350 |
Modeling of trabecular bone and lamina dura following selective alveolar decortication in rats. | Modifying the balance between resorption and apposition through selectively injuring the cortical plate of the alveolus has been an approach to speed tooth movement and is referred to as periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics. The aim of this study was to investigate the alveolar response to corticotomy as a... | 18,771,369 |
Collagenolytic fragments and active gelatinase complexes in periodontitis. | Periodontal tissues remodel rapidly, which enables quick adaptation to mechanical changes. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in these remodeling processes under control of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). In periodontitis, overactivity of MMPs results in pathologic tissue degradation. The aim... | 18,771,372 |
Analysis of the occlusal stress transmitted to the inferior alveolar nerve by an osseointegrated threaded fixture. | Altered sensation can occur after the placement or loading of mandibular implants. Limited evidence exists with regard to the proper distance between the implant and the mandibular nerve to ensure the nerve's integrity and physiologic activity. The proper distance should come from evaluation of clinical data as well as... | 18,771,376 |
Clinical, histologic, and histomorphometric analyses of regenerated bone in maxillary sinus augmentation using fresh frozen human bone allografts. | The purpose of the present study was the clinical and the histologic evaluation of fresh frozen human bone (FFB) allografts used for maxillary sinus-augmentation procedures. Ten subjects were treated with maxillary sinus augmentations using FFB. Radiologic measurements were recorded on computed tomography scans preoper... | 18,771,383 |
What explains racial differences in the use of advance directives and attitudes toward hospice care? | Cultural beliefs and values are thought to account for differences between African Americans and whites in the use of advance directives and beliefs about hospice care, but few data clarify which beliefs and values explain these differences. Two hundred five adults aged 65 and older who received primary care in the Duk... | 18,771,455 |
Establishment and characterization of immortalized human gingival keratinocyte cell lines. | Primary human keratinocytes are used to analyze the properties of the oral epithelium and the early stages of oral bacterial infections. In vitro, these cells are characterized by their short life span and restricted availability. Approaches for culturing these cells will end after approximately 6-10 passages as a resu... | 18,771,458 |
Negative affect and 24-hour ambulatory physiological recordings as predictors of spontaneous improvement of medically unexplained symptoms. | The predictive value for spontaneous improvement in individuals suffering from medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) was explored of (1) anxiety and depression obtained from questionnaires, (2) negative affective states obtained from experience-sampling, and (3) ambulatory-assessed real-life physiological recordings. Si... | 18,771,476 |
Antinociceptive effect of a ruthenium complex in mice. | 1. The ruthenium complexes are important tools in inorganic chemistry. Different biological properties are found in the presence of distinct coordinate ligands, which offer a variety of potential clinical and pharmacological uses. 2. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antinociceptive and behavioural effects of th... | 18,771,479 |
HTR2A variation and sudden infant death syndrome: a case-control analysis. | The serotonergic (5-HT) system functions in central autonomic regulation with homeostatic roles in cardiorespiratory control, thermoregulation, arousal and sleep-wake cycling. Altered function and development of this system in cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) have been established, but the aetiology of thes... | 18,771,483 |
Should children with a history of anaphylaxis to foods undergo challenge testing? | Data on the frequency of resolution of anaphylaxis to foods are not available, but such resolution is generally assumed to be rare. To determine whether the frequency of negative challenge tests in children with a history of anaphylaxis to foods is frequent enough to warrant challenge testing to re-evaluate the diagnos... | 18,771,485 |
An association of migraine with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia independently of pulmonary right-to-left shunts. | Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a genetic disorder characterized by epistaxis, telangiectasia and visceral vascular manifestations. It is associated with migraine with aura due to pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (pAVMs). The aim of the study was to evaluate headache prevalence in 106 consecutive H... | 18,771,488 |
The link between pain patient and analgesic medication is greater in migraine than in rheumatic disease patients. | Our aim was to measure and compare the link between pain patients and the different kinds of analgesic medications they use by the Leeds Dependence Questionnaire (LDQ). This is a self-completion 10-item instrument to measure the severity of dependence upon a variety of substances. LDQ was administered to 200 episodic m... | 18,771,492 |
Characterizing microbial diversity in production water from an Alaskan mesothermic petroleum reservoir with two independent molecular methods. | The phylogenetic diversity of Bacteria and Archaea within a biodegraded, mesothermic petroleum reservoir in the Schrader Bluff Formation of Alaska was examined by two culture-independent methods based on fosmid and small-subunit rRNA gene PCR clone libraries. Despite the exclusion of certain groups by each method, ther... | 18,771,500 |
Prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni and its resistance to antibiotics in poultry in the Czech Republic. | Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp., in particular Campylobacter jejuni, are among the most frequently identified pathogens, found to be causing human gastrointestinal infections in Europe, with the Czech Republic being no exception. The presented work aimed at assessing results of the first nationwide monitoring of prev... | 18,771,516 |
Treatment of advanced cervical cancer: a population-based study. | Chemoradiation is the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer. We report how our population were treated over a 6-year period. Approximately 78.7% of all patients with advanced cervical cancer received chemoradiation, which appears to be well tolerated and acceptable to patients. | 18,771,538 |
Adjustment of L-T4 substitutive therapy in pregnant women with subclinical, overt or post-ablative hypothyroidism. | Maternal hyperthyrotropinaemia is associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Physiological changes during pregnancy require an increased production of thyroid hormones (or an increase in daily substitutive doses of L-T4 in hypothyroid patients) to meet the maternal and foetal needs. Th... | 18,771,569 |
Normalization of flow-mediated dilation to shear stress area under the curve eliminates the impact of variable hyperemic stimulus. | Normalization of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) to individual shear stress area under the curve (peak FMD:SSAUC ratio) has recently been proposed as an approach to control for the large inter-subject variability in reactive hyperemia-induced shear stress; however, the adoption of this approach among resea... | 18,771,594 |
HIV risk practices sought by men who have sex with other men, and who use internet websites to identify potential sexual partners. | Men who have sex with men (MSM) account for the largest number of persons diagnosed with AIDS in the USA, with higher than average rates of drug use and unprotected sex being cited as the principal reasons underlying their high rates of HIV infection. Recent evidence has suggested that the use of websites specifically ... | 18,771,639 |
A method for detecting microfilaraemia, filarial specific antigens and antibodies and typing of parasites for drug resistance and genotypes using finger prick blood sample. | Monitoring and evaluation of programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF) depends on epidemiological assessment using appropriate indicators. Minimum efforts using reliable tests are necessary to guide the programme managers in decision-making. Impact of Mass Drug Administration (MDA) towards filariasis elimination... | 18,771,650 |
Crystal structure of chondroitin polymerase from Escherichia coli K4. | Elongation of glycosaminoglycan chains, such as heparan and chondroitin, is catalyzed by bi-functional glycosyltransferases, for which both 3-dimensional structures and reaction mechanisms remain unknown. The bacterial chondroitin polymerase K4CP catalyzes elongation of the chondroitin chain by alternatively transferri... | 18,771,653 |
The role of 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2), an endogenous ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, in tumor angiogenesis. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), a nuclear hormone receptor, is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in adipogenesis, glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism. 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)), an endogenous ligand of PPARgamma, has multifaceted cellular fun... | 18,771,658 |
Clinical practice of rTMS reveals a functional dissociation between agency and hallucinations in schizophrenia. | We report here the case of a hospitalized 11 year-old boy (YP) with a positive diagnosis of 'Childhood Onset Schizophrenia'. YP experienced verbal-auditory hallucinations, a delusion of alien control and hetero-aggressive behaviour. Antipsychotic drugs were unsuccessful and furthermore provoked severe acute dystonia. f... | 18,771,675 |
Random number generation in neglect patients reveals enhanced response stereotypy, but no neglect in number space. | Based on interactions between number and space apparent from healthy subjects' randomization attempts we expected random number generation (RNG) to be sensitive for the monitoring of unilateral spatial deficits. Specifically, we predicted patients with left-sided hemineglect to evidence "neglect in number space", i.e. ... | 18,771,676 |
Reciprocal regulation of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 and mitogen activated protein kinase phosphatase-3. | Mitogen activated protein kinase phosphatase-3 (MKP-3) is a putative tumor suppressor. When transiently overexpressed, MKP-3 dephosphorylates and inactivates extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2. Little is known about the roles of endogenous MKP-3, however. We previously showed that MKP-3 is upregulated in c... | 18,771,677 |
Long-term effects of prenatal stress: changes in adult cardiovascular regulation and sensitivity to stress. | Prenatal environment exerts profound influences on the development of an organism and stressful events during pregnancy can bring about long-term physiological/behavioral alterations in the offspring. Epidemiological evidence points to a relationship between intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), body weight at birth,... | 18,771,688 |
Detection of human survival motor neuron (SMN) protein in mice containing the SMN2 transgene: applicability to preclinical therapy development for spinal muscular atrophy. | Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), the leading genetic cause of infant death results from loss of spinal motor neurons causing atrophy of skeletal muscle. SMA is caused by loss of the Survival Motor Neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, however, an identically coding gene called SMN2 is retained, but is alternatively spliced to produce ap... | 18,771,690 |
The effect of simultaneous contractions of ipsilateral muscles on changes in corticospinal excitability induced by paired associative stimulation (PAS). | Consideration was given to means of increasing the reliability and muscle specificity of paired associative stimulation (PAS) by utilising the phenomenon of crossed-facilitation. Eight participants completed three separate sessions: isometric flexor contractions of the left wrist at 20% of maximum voluntary contraction... | 18,771,706 |
Astrocyte response to Junín virus infection. | In a previous study of experimental murine encephalitis induced by Junín virus (JV), an arenavirus, we showed increased expression of iNOS by unidentified cells, concomitant with the astrocyte reaction. The specific inhibition of iNOS was associated with greater mortality but lower astrocytosis, suggesting that the pro... | 18,771,707 |
Differential expression of phosphorylated Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein in the mouse hippocampus induced by various nociceptive stimuli. | In the present study, we characterized differential expressions of phosphorylated Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIalpha (pCaMKIIalpha) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein (pERK) in the mouse hippocampus induced by various nociceptive stimuli. In an immunoblot study, s.c. injection of ... | 18,771,711 |
DHEA levels and social dominance relationships in wintering brent geese (Branta bernicla bernicla). | After testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is the main hormone involved in aggressive behaviour in birds. While the role of DHEA has been verified for wintering territorial passerines, it has not been shown for gregarious species. In wintering geese species, both sexes present very low testosterone levels and ag... | 18,771,715 |
Tunneling response of termites to a pre-formed tunnel. | Subterranean termites move from place to place while foraging by tunneling through soil. During a period of foraging, they are likely to encounter a number of pre-formed tunnels created by, for example, tree roots or the breaking up of a zone of hard or compacted soil. We systematically observed the behavioral response... | 18,771,716 |
Rsp5p ubiquitin ligase and the transcriptional activators Spt23p and Mga2p are involved in co-regulation of biosynthesis of end products of the mevalonate pathway and triacylglycerol in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | Rsp5p, a yeast S. cerevisiae ubiquitin ligase, is essential for regulation of unsaturated fatty acid synthesis via activation of the transcriptional activators Spt23p and Mga2p. Here we show that the conditional mutant rsp5-19 produces decreased levels of the end products of mevalonate pathway, such as ergosterol, ubiq... | 18,771,750 |
FASTKD2 nonsense mutation in an infantile mitochondrial encephalomyopathy associated with cytochrome c oxidase deficiency. | In two siblings we found a mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, characterized by developmental delay, hemiplegia, convulsions, asymmetrical brain atrophy, and low cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity in skeletal muscle. The disease locus was identified on chromosome 2 by homozygosity mapping; candidate genes were prioritize... | 18,771,761 |
Investigation of retention behavior of drug molecules in supercritical fluid chromatography using linear solvation energy relationships. | In this study, the retention behaviors of pharmaceutical and drug-like compounds in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) with polar stationary phases were evaluated using linear solvation energy relationships (LSERs). We used more than 200 compounds, including mono-, di-substituted benzenes, and other marketed drug... | 18,771,773 |
Thermodynamics and bending energetics of toruslike micelles. | The self-assembly of surfactants forming toruslike or toroidal micelles has been investigated from a theoretical point of view, in particular the structural behaviour and stability of tori in terms of the three bending elasticity constants spontaneous curvature (H(0)), bending rigidity (k(c)) and saddle-splay constant ... | 18,771,780 |
IT3F: a web-based tool for functional analysis of transcription factors in plants. | A web-based tool, the Interspecies Transcription Factor Function Finder (IT3F), has been developed to display both evolutionary gene relationships and expression data for plant transcription factors, focussing primarily on the R2R3MYB gene subfamily for proof of concept. The graphical display of information allows user... | 18,771,782 |
3D-QSAR studies of boron-containing dipeptides as proteasome inhibitors with CoMFA and CoMSIA methods. | Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) studies were performed for a series of dipeptide boronate proteasome inhibitors using comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) techniques. A training set containing 46 molecules se... | 18,771,818 |
Estimation of the impact of prevailing weather conditions on the occurrence of oil-contaminated dead birds on the German North Sea coast. | Chronic oil pollution by illegal oil dumping in the North Sea is difficult to quantify. Beached, oil-contaminated sea birds, however, may be used as an indirect indicator. Reconstructing the drift of oil slicks and sea bird corpses in the southern North Sea for the period 1992-2003 by means of a two-dimensional numeric... | 18,771,830 |
Paternal age and twinning in the Jerusalem Perinatal Study. | To investigate whether incidence of twin deliveries is related to father's age, independently of mother's age, and whether it differs for same-sex or opposite-sex twin sets. In a program of research on effects of paternal age, this study used data from a prospective cohort of 92,408 offspring born in Jerusalem from 196... | 18,771,839 |
Mannheimia haemolytica serotype A1 exhibits differential pathogenicity in two related species, Ovis canadensis and Ovis aries. | Mannheimia haemolytica causes pneumonia in both bighorn sheep (BHS, Ovis canadensis) and domestic sheep (DS, Ovis aries). Under experimental conditions, co-pasturing of BHS and DS results in fatal pneumonia in BHS. It is conceivable that certain serotypes of M. haemolytica carried by DS are non-pathogenic to them, but ... | 18,771,862 |
Standardization and validation of an induced ovulation model system in buffalo cows: Characterization of gene expression changes in the periovulatory follicle. | In bovines characterization of biochemical and molecular determinants of the dominant follicle before and during different time intervals after gonadotrophin surge requires precise identification of the dominant follicle from a follicular wave. The objectives of the present study were to standardize an experimental mod... | 18,771,864 |
[Emerging viral infections in South East Asia and the Pacific region]. | The epidemiology of several viral diseases underwent profound changes in South-East Asia and Oceania over the past decades. This was due to several factors, including the geographical distribution of vectors and the viruses they transmit; increasing traveling and trade; increasing ecological and demographic pressure. W... | 18,771,865 |
The relationship between cytokine concentrations and wound healing in chronic venous ulceration. | The importance of wound cytokine function in chronic venous leg ulcers remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the relationship between local and systemic concentrations of wound cytokines and wound healing in patients with chronic venous ulceration. This prospective observational study was set in a community- ... | 18,771,884 |
Alveolar bone grafting in the treatment of midline alveolar cleft and diastema in incomplete median cleft lip. | Median cleft lip is a rare congenital anomaly. The wide diastema with mesial tipping observed in these patients has been largely overlooked. A midline submucosal alveolar cleft prevents adequate treatment. The purpose of this article is to describe an alveolar bone grafting (ABG) technique used in the combined surgical... | 18,771,899 |
Relevance of botulinum toxin injection and nerve block of rectus femoris to kinematic and functional parameters of stiff knee gait in hemiplegic adults. | Stiff knee gait (SKG) is common in hemiplegic patients. The main focus of treatment is rectus femoris (RF) spasticity. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of botulinum toxin injection (BTI) in the RF muscle on peak knee flexion during swing phase and its quantitative and functional impact on gait. We als... | 18,771,925 |
Tibial tubercle osteotomy in primary total knee arthroplasty: a safe procedure or not? | The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of tibial tubercle osteotomy on postoperative outcome, intra- and postoperative complications, as well as postoperative clinical results and failures in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). In a continuous, consecutive series of 1474 primary TKA, we analyse... | 18,771,928 |
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