title stringlengths 0 1.13k | abstract stringlengths 1 15.7k | PMID int64 22 36.5M |
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Quality assurance of item writing: during the introduction of multiple choice questions in medicine for high stakes examinations. | One Norwegian medical school introduced A-type MCQs (best one of five) to replace more traditional assessment formats (e.g. essays) in an undergraduate medical curriculum. Quality assurance criteria were introduced to measure the success of the intervention. Data collection from the first four year-end examinations inc... | 18,825,568 |
Associations between social capital and health status in an Australian population. | This study investigated the association between social capital and health related quality of life in a sample of Australian adults. Information was collected from a sample of adults in Queensland, Australia relating to health status, health related quality of life and related social determinants of health by computer-a... | 18,825,585 |
Predictors of fatigue over 1 year among people with rheumatoid arthritis. | Fatigue is a systemic feeling of exhaustion that is a common symptom of many chronic illnesses, including the autoimmune inflammatory disease rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We examined predictors of levels of fatigue among people with RA using Leventhal's Common-Sense Model (CSM), which states that cognitive representation... | 18,825,587 |
Diversity of mucosa-associated microbiota in active and inactive ulcerative colitis. | Recent findings indicate that bacteria play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the exact role of bacteria in ulcerative colitis (UC) has still to be elucidated. The objective of the study was to investigate the potential differences in the intestinal microbiota between p... | 18,825,588 |
Comparison of the quick drinking screen and the alcohol timeline followback with outpatient alcohol abusers. | A recent study comparing the Quick Drinking Screen (QDS) with the Timeline Followback (TLFB) found that in a nonclinical population of problem drinkers both measures produced reliable summary measures of drinking. The current study was designed to replicate these findings with a clinical population of alcohol abusers. ... | 18,825,590 |
Modulation of insulin concentrations and metabolic parameters in obese patients by -55CT polymorphism of the UCP3 gene secondary to two hypocaloric diets. | Decreased expression or function of UCP3 could reduce energy expenditure and increase the storage of energy. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of -55CT polymorphism of the UCP3 gene on insulin concentrations and metabolic parameters secondary to two hypocaloric diets in obese patients. A population ... | 18,825,612 |
Effect of thymoquinone on ethylene glycol-induced kidney calculi in rats. | The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of thymoquinone, a major component of Nigella Sativa seeds on ethylene glycol-induced kidney calculi in rats. Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (intact control, ethylene glycol control, and 4 experimental groups) and treated for 28 days accor... | 18,825,620 |
Influence of hypernatremia and polyuria of brain-dead donors before organ procurement on kidney allograft function. | Polyuria and hypernatremia are common problems during the pretransplant care of brain-dead donors. They have not only important role in hemodynamic stability, but also may influence organ transplantation outcomes. The influence of donor hypernatremia in liver transplantation was reported. This study aimed to determine ... | 18,825,624 |
Histopathological and molecular analysis of gastrectomy specimens from hereditary diffuse gastric cancer patients has implications for endoscopic surveillance of individuals at risk. | Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is caused by germline E-cadherin (CDH1) mutations in 25-40% of tested families. Management options for asymptomatic mutation carriers are fraught, since endoscopic surveillance can miss cancer foci and prophylactic gastrectomy has profound clinical sequelae. The aims of this stu... | 18,825,658 |
Developmental impact of a familial GABAA receptor epilepsy mutation. | A major goal of epilepsy research is to understand the molecular and functional basis of seizure genesis. A human GABA(A) gamma2 gene mutation (R43Q) is associated with generalized epilepsy. Introduction of this mutation into a mouse by gene targeting recapitulates the human phenotype demonstrating a strong genotype to... | 18,825,662 |
Enhanced circadian phase resetting in R192Q Cav2.1 calcium channel migraine mice. | Mammalian circadian rhythms are driven by the circadian pacemaker of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and are synchronized to the external 24-hour light/dark cycle. After advance time zone transitions (eastbound jet lag), overt circadian rhythms require several days to adjust. The retarded adaptation may protect again... | 18,825,664 |
Application of intensive care medicine principles in the management of the acute liver failure patient. | 1. Acute liver failure is a paradigm for multiple system organ failure that develops as a consequence of sepsis. 2. In the United States, systemic inflammatory response, sepsis, and septic shock are common reasons for intensive care unit admission. Intensive care management of these patients serves as a template for th... | 18,825,685 |
Comparative expression of Hedgehog ligands at different stages of prostate carcinoma progression. | Recent studies have revealed the potential involvement of Hedgehog (Hh) signalling in proliferation and invasive behaviour of prostate carcinoma (PCa). The aim of this study was to specify the role of Sonic Hh (Shh), Desert Hh (Dhh) and Indian Hh (Ihh) in the natural history of PCa. Hh ligands expression was compared i... | 18,825,689 |
Energetic analyses of chair and boat conformations of maleimide substituted cyclohexane derivatives. | An analysis of the conformational preferences of two maleimide substituted cyclohexane derivatives proposed as scaffolds for HIV-1 fusion inhibitors is presented. Hybrid Low Mode-Monte Carlo (1:1) conformational searches using seven different force fields were performed in combination with the GBSA(water) solvent model... | 18,825,691 |
Human parechovirus causes encephalitis with white matter injury in neonates. | To assess the role of human parechoviruses (HPeVs) as a cause of neonatal cerebral infection and to report neuroimaging findings of newborn infants with encephalitis caused by HPeVs. Clinical presentation, cranial ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and neurodevelopmental outcome of 10 infants a... | 18,825,694 |
Hepatitis C therapy before and after liver transplantation. | 1. Pretransplant therapy, using a low-accelerating-dose regimen, is an option for patients with mildly decompensated liver disease and low laboratory Model for End-Stage Liver Disease scores. Achievement of an on-treatment virologic response is the goal of therapy. Preliminary data suggest that up to two-thirds of pati... | 18,825,697 |
High mobility group box 1 protein as a marker of hepatocellular injury in human liver transplantation. | High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), a cytokine actively secreted by phagocytes and passively released from necrotic cells, is an inflammatory mediator in experimental hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. We characterized its expression in human liver transplantation. In 20 patients, in addition to systemic sampl... | 18,825,712 |
Management of patients with decompensated hepatitis B virus associated [corrected] cirrhosis. | 1. Hepatitis B virus replication is associated with a severe outcome in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. 2. Viral suppression induced by antivirals results in a clinical improvement that allows liver transplantation to be delayed or avoided. 3. Early treatment intervention is mandatory in patients with decompensa... | 18,825,719 |
Liver transplantation for hepatitis B: what is the best hepatitis B immune globulin/antiviral regimen? | 1. Prophylaxis using the combination of lamivudine and high-dose intravenous hepatitis B immunoglobulin (approximately 10,000 IU monthly) reduces the long-term risk of recurrence of hepatitis B in hepatitis B surface antigen-positive transplant recipients to 5% to 10%. However, this therapy is expensive and inconvenien... | 18,825,721 |
The relationships among self-esteem, stress, coping, eating behavior, and depressive mood in adolescents. | The prevalence of adolescent overweight is significant, almost 25% in some minorities, and often is associated with depressive symptoms. Psychological and psychosocial factors as well as poor coping skills have been correlated with unhealthy eating and obesity. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships amo... | 18,825,731 |
DNA polymerase eta is a limiting factor for A:T mutations in Ig genes and contributes to antibody affinity maturation. | DNA polymerase eta (POLH) is required for the generation of A:T mutations during the somatic hypermutation of Ig genes in germinal center B cells. It remains unclear, however, whether POLH is a limiting factor for A:T mutations and how the absence of POLH might affect antibody affinity maturation. We found that the het... | 18,825,746 |
Plasmodium vivax parasites alter the balance of myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells and the induction of regulatory T cells. | Immunity induced by Plasmodium vivax infections leads to memory T-cell recruitment and activation during subsequent infections. Here, we investigated the role of regulatory T cells (Treg) in coordination with the host immune response during P. vivax infection. Our results showed a significant increase in the percentage... | 18,825,754 |
Microimaging FTIR of head and neck tumors. IV. | On continuing our studies on head and neck neoplasia, specimens from salivary gland tumors have been explored by using infrared microimaging spectroscopy to discern healthy from neoplastic tissues. Samples with Warthin tumor, epithelial displasia, marginal B-cell lymphoma, low-grade adenocarcinoma, and adenoid cystic c... | 18,825,780 |
[Fifth revolution in medicine: on the role of infections in pathogenesis of aging and chronic diseases]. | The XXth century is marked by the substantial increase in human life expectancy. Historically, main reasons for that are four achievements of medicine: (1) improvements in common hygiene, such as waste disposal and water purification which led to the significant reduction of communicable diseases; (2) common recognitio... | 18,825,837 |
Intersex mental health and social support options in pediatric endocrinology training programs. | The birth of a child with an intersex condition is often an emotionally stressful event for parents. Preparation and ongoing support systems could be beneficial to both parents and children and would alleviate some of the shame and isolation associated with intersex conditions. To assess the extent to which psychologic... | 18,825,861 |
Professional regulation in nursing. Part 2: Political change. | The current Government came to power in 1997. In their manifesto, changes in ideology towards the provision of health and the place of those who provided health care were evident. As well as the issue of acceptable standards of healthcare provision, the issue of the regulation of nurses and other health workers was per... | 18,825,855 |
Study of glucose profiles with continuous glucose monitoring in adolescents with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. | To evaluate glycemic excursions in adolescents with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Seventeen adolescents (12 F/5 M) underwent glucose monitoring for 3 days using a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS). Glucose measurements were divided into periods of euglycemia, hyperglycemia, and hypoglycemi... | 18,825,872 |
[Value of basic and intensive management of patients with heart failure; results of a randomised controlled clinical trial]. | To determine the efficacy of 2 nurse-directed programmes of different intensity for the counselling and follow-up of patients hospitalised for heart failure, compared with standard care by a cardiologist. Multicentre randomised clinical trial (www.trialregister.nl: NCT 98675639). A total of 1023 patients were randomize... | 18,825,890 |
Screening for retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary care newborn unit in Turkey: frequency, outcomes, and risk factor analysis. | To report the frequency, risk factors, and outcomes of screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Data of neonates with a gestational age of 34 weeks or less were analyzed and the predictors on the development of ROP were determined by using logistic regression analysis. Of the 318 neonates, the frequency of ROP w... | 18,825,902 |
Periorbital cellulitis in the era of Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine: predisposing factors and etiologic agents in hospitalized children. | The incidence of Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) infection, once the most common cause of periorbital cellulitis, declined dramatically after the introduction of HIB vaccine in 1990. The aim of the current study was to determine the predisposing factors and agents in the pathogenesis of periorbital cellulitis in ho... | 18,825,903 |
Agmatine inhibits hypoxia-induced TNF-alpha release from cultured retinal ganglion cells. | The effect of hypoxia on the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in transformed rat retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and the effect of agmatine on the hypoxia-induced production of TNF-alpha in RGCs were evaluated. RGCs were cultured under hypoxic conditions with 5% oxygen, with or without 100 microM agmati... | 18,825,914 |
[Characteristic features of the ranks genus and subgenus, and an intercalary rank "species complex" in ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae)]. | The work was carries our from the standpoint of the morphological conception of species. Vast collections of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Science testify to the existence of hiatuses in both genera and subgenera of Palearctic ixodids at all active phases of their ontogenesis. The fact that the sub... | 18,825,916 |
[Component parasite communities in the minnow Phoxinus phoxinus (L.) from ecologically safe and polluted reservoirs]. | A comparative analysis of the structure of component parasite communities in the minnow from ecologically safe or polluted to variable extent reservoirs was made. The analysis showed that the increase of the reservoir pollution by everyday drains, washings of fertilizers from the fields around and the dacha sections ca... | 18,825,919 |
[Chitinases in bioengeneering research]. | Techniques of introduction of foreign genes into the plant genome have been intensely developed in order to directionally improve properties of crops. One of the key directions in plant bioengineering is searching for and analyzing promising genes, in particular, to construct genotypes with high resistance to pathogens... | 18,825,950 |
[Phylogeography of the Siberian newt (Salamandrella keyserlingii) by mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis]. | Differentiation of geographical populations of the Siberian newt Salamandrella keyserlingii throughout the species range was analyzed using a fragment of the cytochrome b gene. The population of the Primorye region (Russian Far East) is separated to the greatest extent; the Japanese and South Kuril populations are the ... | 18,825,958 |
[Instability of B-chromosomes in somatic and germline cells of Apodemus peninsulae]. | Instability of B-chromosomes was estimated in somatic and germline cells of samples Apodemus peninsulae from different localities of the species range. In 84 out of 188 animals (45%), in cells assessed for B-chromosome mosaicism, bone marrow cells with different B-chromosome number were observed. The numbers of B-chrom... | 18,825,959 |
[Effect of vitamin concentration on the synthesis of lactate, ethanol, pyruvate, and ethyl acetate in cells of the yeast Dipodascus magnusii]. | In the yeast Dipodascus magnusii, which is auxotrophic for thiamine and biotin, during cultivation on glucose with excessive thiamine concentration, pyruvate metabolism was shown to result in the synthesis of fermentation products, namely, ethanol and, to a lesser extent, lactate. Substantial synthesis of ethyl acetate... | 18,825,974 |
[Growth and biosynthesis of rugulovasines in Penicillium variabile Sopp 1912]. | Production of clavine alkaloids rugulovasines by P. variabile did not depend on the habitat of the producers. During submerged cultivation on a simple synthetic medium in early growth stages, microcyclic conidiation was observed in the tested fungi; its presence or absence, as well as the activity of the cultures as to... | 18,825,977 |
[The structure of micromycete complexes in permafrost and cryopegs of the Arctic]. | A comparative study of the structure of micromycete complexes has been performed. The samples of micromycetes were taken by boring from unique habitats: cryopegs (lenses of non-freezing hypersaline water in ancient permafrost horizons) and permafrost Arctic sediments of different age enclosing these cryopegs. The possi... | 18,825,982 |
[The alteration of attractiveness of intact males mice to females chemosignals, subjected of ionizing radiation in sublethal dose]. | After irradiation in a dose 4 Gy female mice of CBA and C57Bl/6 (female CBA during 18-23 days, female C57Bl/6 - 4-10 days) secretes with urine volatile components (chemosignals) which possess higher, than secretes intact females, attractiveness for intact males the same strains irrespective of a genotype. When estimati... | 18,825,987 |
Out-of-school participation patterns in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders. | This study examined differences in out-of-school activity participation between typically developing children and those with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (HFASD). Children with HFASD, ages 6 to 12 (N = 52), and a control group (N = 53) were assessed using the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enj... | 18,826,016 |
Feeding patterns of Haemagogus capricornii and Haemagogus leucocelaenus (Diptera: Culicidae) in two Brazilian states (Rio de Janeiro and Goiás). | We present the identification of bloodfeeding sources of Haemagogus (Haemagogus) capricornii Lutz and Haemagogus (Conopostegus) leucocelaenus (Dyar & Shannon) (Diptera: Culicidae) from different regions of Brazil, as analyzed by precipitin tests. Anti-sera for bird, bovine, equine, human, opossum, and rodent were u... | 18,826,029 |
Novel arthropod repellent, BioUD, is an efficacious alternative to deet. | For >50 yr, N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) has been the standard for arthropod repellents and has been an important tool to protect people from disease agents carried by ticks, mosquitoes, and other arthropods. However, some people avoid using deet because of concerns about adverse health effects. In 2007, a n... | 18,826,032 |
Blood-feeding behavior of vesicular stomatitis virus infected Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). | To determine whether vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection of Culicoides sonorensis Wirth & Jones (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) affects subsequent blood-feeding behavior, midges injected with either virus-infected or virus-free cell lysates were allowed to blood feed for short (10-min) or long (60-min) periods on... | 18,826,036 |
Host feeding pattern of Japanese encephalitis virus vector mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from Kuttanadu, Kerala, India. | Identification of blood meals of vector mosquitoes is an important tool in the epidemiological investigations of vector-borne diseases. The blood meals of three mosquito species involved in the transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) from the Kuttanadu area, Kerala, were determined using the agarose gel diffu... | 18,826,037 |
Mosquito vectors of West Nile Fever in Israel. | West Nile fever (WNF) is endemic in Israel. In 1999, country-wide adult mosquito surveys were initiated and intensified after the 2000 country-wide outbreak of WNF in humans. In 8 consecutive yr, groups of male and female specimens of different species and from different locations were tested for infection with West Ni... | 18,826,039 |
Prevalence of spotted fever group rickettsiae in Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in southern Germany. | Host-seeking Ixodes ricinus (L.) (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks were collected systematically, from May to September 2006, at selected sites in southern Germany, including a large city park in Munich. Polymerase chain reactions for amplification of genes of the rickettsial citrate synthase (gltA), the outer membrane proteins ... | 18,826,040 |
Methods for the purification of HQ-tagged proteins. | The HQ (H = histidine, Q = glutamine) tag is a small fusion tag that can be isolated using immobilized metal affinity columns. HQ-tagged proteins can be expressed and purified from bacterial cells under native and denaturing conditions, mammalian cells, insect cells, wheat germ and rabbit reticulocyte. Furthermore, HQ-... | 18,826,054 |
Amylose affinity chromatography of maltose-binding protein: purification by both native and novel matrix-assisted dialysis refolding methods. | Maltose-binding protein (MBP) is a carrier protein for high level recombinant protein and peptide production from either the cytoplasm or periplasm of Escherichia coli. The affinity matrix for purifying MBP-passenger proteins utilizes amylose covalently attached to magnetic beads, agarose, or a chemically inert fast pr... | 18,826,055 |
[Amputation as a treatment for complications on a traumatic dislocations of the knee. Case report]. | Vascular lesion associated with knee dislocation represents a common and potentially devastating complication. A delay in revascularization that exceeds 8 hours can lead to amputation of the extremity. Therefore it is mandatory to do an immediate examination and an effective diagnosis to rule out this complication. A 1... | 18,826,085 |
[Cochlear implantation in the ossified cochlear]. | To explore the problems and describe clinical experiences associated with multichannel cochlear implantation in patients with cochlear ossification. Seven cochlear implant cases with bilateral cochlear ossification from 1996 to 2006 in Beijing Tongren Hospital were retrospectively reviewed, 4 of which were the conseque... | 18,826,119 |
[Mass spectrometric analysis of quinazoline alkaloid and limonin from Fructus Evodiae]. | To study Mass spectrometry of quinazoline alkaloid and limonin from Fructus Evodiae by an electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry. The ESI source was set at the positive ionization mode, and the MS1 and MS2 spectra of quinazoline alkaloid and limonin were acquired. The main fragments of quinazoline alkal... | 18,826,141 |
[The study of dynamic acccumulation of camptothecin in Camptotheca acuminata fruit by TLCS]. | To establish TLC scanning method for the determination of camptothecin in Camptotheca acuminata fruit, and analysis the dynamic accumulation of camptothecin in Camptotheca acuminata fruit to find out the best collection period. Silica gel H-CMC-Na thin layer plate was adopted in the determination with chloroform-aceton... | 18,826,145 |
[Study on deproteinization and decoloration in extraction of polysaccharides from Rabdosia rubescens]. | To screen the method on deproteinization and decoloration in extraction of of polysaccharides from Rabdosia rubescens. The effect of deproteinization with different methods was evaluated in terms of the ratio of protein removing and polysaccharide removing, the decoloration effect was also calculated. The deproteinizat... | 18,826,154 |
Multidimensional LC separations in shotgun proteomics. | Two modes of separation coupled with MS enable researchers to study complicated biological structures. | 18,826,178 |
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel constrained meta-substituted phenyl propanoic acids as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and gamma dual agonists. | In an effort to develop dual PPARalpha/gamma activators with improved therapeutic efficacy, a series of diaryl alpha-ethoxy propanoic acid compounds comprising two aryl groups linked by rigid oxime ether or isoxazoline ring were designed and synthesized and their biological activities were examined. Most of the compoun... | 18,826,205 |
Differences between high- and low-affinity complexes of enzymes and nonenzymes. | Physical differences in small molecule binding between enzymes and nonenzymes were found through mining the protein-ligand database, Binding MOAD (Mother of All Databases). The data suggest that divergent approaches may be more productive for improving the affinity of ligands for the two classes of proteins. High-affin... | 18,826,206 |
Selective photochemical functionalization of surfactant-dispersed single wall carbon nanotubes in water. | Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) individually dispersed in surfactants leads to diameter and type-selective photohydroxylation of the nanotubes. Photohydroxylation of first semiconductor and then small diameter metallic SWCNTs was confirmed after 254 nm UV irradiation in acidic, neu... | 18,826,225 |
Studies on the stereoselective synthesis of C-allyl glycosides. | An investigation was carried out to explore the use of sulfoxide donors as common precursors to stereoisomeric C-glycoconjugates of glycoprotein and glycolipid tumor antigens. A study focusing on the effects of reaction conditions and substrate structure on the stereoselectivity of allylation was carried out. Although ... | 18,826,234 |
Metalation states versus enzyme activities of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase probed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. | Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), an enzyme that catalyzes the disproportionation reaction of superoxide to produce oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, thereby protecting cells from oxidative stress, is a homodimer that coordinates one copper and one zinc ion per monomer. Cu (2+) and Zn (2+) ions play important roles in e... | 18,826,240 |
Giant magenetoresistive sensors. 2. Detection of biorecognition events at self-referencing and magnetically tagged arrays. | Microfabricated devices formed from alternating layers of magnetic and nonmagnetic materials at combined thicknesses of a few hundred nanometers exhibit a phenomenon known as the giant magnetoresistance effect. Devices based on this effect are known as giant magnetoresistive (GMR) sensors. The resistance of a GMR is de... | 18,826,241 |
Mechanistic diversity in the RuBisCO superfamily: a novel isomerization reaction catalyzed by the RuBisCO-like protein from Rhodospirillum rubrum. | Some homologues of D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) do not catalyze carboxylation and are designated RuBisCO-like proteins (RLPs). The RLP from Rhodospirillum rubrum (gi:83593333) catalyzes a novel isomerization reaction (overall 1,3-proton transfer reaction; likely, two 1,2-proton transfer r... | 18,826,254 |
Mechanism of H2 production by the [FeFe]H subcluster of di-iron hydrogenases: implications for abiotic catalysts. | To explore the possibility that the active center of the di-iron hydrogenases, the [FeFe] H subcluster, can serve by itself as an efficient hydrogen-producing catalyst, we perform comprehensive calculations of the catalytic properties of the subcluster in vacuo using first principles density functional theory. For comp... | 18,826,265 |
Raman spectroscopic study on the coordination behavior of rare earth ions in N-methylacetamide. | The coordination behavior of rare earth (Ln (3+)) ions in N-methylacetamide (NMA) solution has been investigated at room temperature by Raman spectroscopy. The behavior of the symmetric Raman Ln-Cl stretching (nu Ln-Cl) band, and amide I (nu AI), and III (nu AIII) bands of NMA with the rare earth series is discussed in... | 18,826,268 |
Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of highly potent novel oxazolidinone antibacterials. | Novel antibacterial biaryl oxazolidinones bearing an aza-, an oxa-, or a thiabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-6-yl ring system were synthesized, and their in vitro antibacterial activity and structure-activity relationships (SAR) were evaluated. Most of the synthesized biaryl bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-6-yl oxazolidinones showed good antibact... | 18,826,297 |
Strategy for employing unstabilized nucleophiles in palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylations. | We report a strategy for the employment of highly unstabilized anions in palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylations (AAA). The "hard" 2-methylpyridyl nucleophiles studied are first reacted in situ with BF3.OEt2; subsequent deprotonation of the resulting complexes with LiHMDS affords "soft" anions that are compe... | 18,826,305 |
Relationship of "dose" of intracranial hypertension to outcome in severe traumatic brain injury. | It has recently been suggested that the degree of intracranial pressure (ICP) above the treatment goal can be estimated by the area under the curve (AUC) of ICP versus time in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). The objective of this study was to determine whether the calculated "ICP dose"-the ICP AUC-is... | 18,826,355 |
Neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin on acute metabolic and pathological changes in experimentally induced neurotrauma. | Head trauma is a dynamic process characterized by a cascade of metabolic and molecular events. Erythropoietin (EPO) has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in animal models of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Acute in vivo mechanisms and pathological changes associated with EPO following TBI are unknown. In this st... | 18,826,359 |
Risk factors for neurosurgical site infections: an 18-month prospective survey. | The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence rate and risk factors of surgical site infections (SSIs) in neurosurgery for any type of surgery and any American Society of Anesthesiologists class. The authors undertook an exhaustive 18-month prospective survey including patients who underwent neurosurgery. In... | 18,826,362 |
Reduction of the immune response to factor VIII mediated through tolerogenic factor VIII presentation by immature dendritic cells. | The development of neutralizing antibodies to factor FVIII (FVIII) represents the most serious complication in the treatment of hemophilia A. We have explored the potential of using immature dendritic cells (iDCs) to present FVIII in a tolerogenic manner to T cells. The iDCs were isolated from hemophilic murine bone ma... | 18,826,393 |
Ferritins control interaction between iron homeostasis and oxidative stress in Arabidopsis. | Ferritin protein nanocages are the main iron store in mammals. They have been predicted to fulfil the same function in plants but direct evidence was lacking. To address this, a loss-of-function approach was developed in Arabidopsis. We present evidence that ferritins do not constitute the major iron pool either in see... | 18,826,427 |
Reverse dissimilatory sulfite reductase as phylogenetic marker for a subgroup of sulfur-oxidizing prokaryotes. | Sulfur-oxidizing prokaryotes (SOP) catalyse a central step in the global S-cycle and are of major functional importance for a variety of natural and engineered systems, but our knowledge on their actual diversity and environmental distribution patterns is still rather limited. In this study we developed a specific PCR ... | 18,826,437 |
Should glycemic index and glycemic load be considered in dietary recommendations? | High glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) have been proposed to be associated with increased risk of lifestyle diseases. Since protein intake varies little in humans, adherence to the common recommendation to reduce fat intake probably leads to increases in carbohydrate intake, which emphasizes the need to invest... | 18,826,453 |
Resveratrol and novel potent activators of SIRT1: effects on aging and age-related diseases. | Studies show that the plant polyphenol resveratrol can extend the life span of yeast, worms, flies, and fish. It also mitigates the metabolic dysfunction of mice fed high-fat diets. Resveratrol appears to mediate these effects partly by activating SIRT1, a deacetylase enzyme that regulates the activity of several trans... | 18,826,454 |
Comparability between telephone and face-to-face structured clinical interview for DSM-IV in assessing social anxiety disorder. | This article evaluates the comparability of the telephone and in-person Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) interviews in assessing patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) as an independent anxiety diagnosis. One hundred subjects were randomly selected and interviewed with the SCID, once by telephone an... | 18,826,462 |
Cytokines and their role in depression. | This study aims to review the cytokines that mediate the inflammatory process, the interleukins and the interferons, and the interaction of cytokines with serotonin as causative factors in the role of depression. Administration of proinflammatory cytokines to treat medical diseases induces depressive symptoms in humans... | 18,826,467 |
Infants' use of lexical-category-to-meaning links in object individuation. | Infants watched an experimenter retrieve a stuffed animal from an opaque box and then return it. This happened twice, consistent with either 1 animal appearing on 2 occasions or 2 identical-looking animals each appearing once. The experimenter labeled each object appearance with a different novel label. After infants r... | 18,826,534 |
Perception of dynamic and static audiovisual sequences in 3- and 4-month-old infants. | This study investigated perception of audiovisual sequences in 3- and 4-month-old infants. Infants were habituated to sequences consisting of moving/sounding or looming/sounding objects and then tested for their ability to detect changes in the order of the objects, sounds, or both. Results showed that 3-month-olds per... | 18,826,541 |
Low grade papillary transitional cell carcinoma pelvic recurrence masquerading as high grade invasive carcinoma, ten years after radical cystectomy. | Tumor recurrence following radical cystectomy for a low-grade superficial transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is exceedingly uncommon and has not been reported previously. We describe a case of a young male presenting with anorexia, weight loss and a large, painful locally destructive pelvic recurrence, ten years after r... | 18,826,578 |
Harnessing the wealth of Chinese scientific literature: schistosomiasis research and control in China. | The economy of China continues to boom and so have its biomedical research and related publishing activities. Several so-called neglected tropical diseases that are most common in the developing world are still rampant or even emerging in some parts of China. The purpose of this article is to document the significant r... | 18,826,598 |
The relationship between depressive symptoms, health service consumption, and prognosis after acute myocardial infarction: a prospective cohort study. | The use of cardiovascular health services is greater among patients with depressive symptoms than among patients without. However, the extent to which such associations between depressive symptoms and health service utilization are attributable to variations in comorbidity and prognostic disease severity is unknown. Th... | 18,826,611 |
Posterior mediastinal melanoma causing severe dysphagia: a case report. | We describe an original case of progressive severe dysphagia caused by a posterior mediastinal metastatic melanoma of unknown origin. To the best of our knowledge, such an event has never been described before in the literature. A progressive severe dysphagia case is reported induced by a melanoma of unknown origin (me... | 18,826,613 |
Carbon fluxes resulting from land-use changes in the Tamaulipan thornscrub of northeastern Mexico. | Information on carbon stock and flux resulting from land-use changes in subtropical, semi-arid ecosystems are important to understand global carbon flux, yet little data is available. In the Tamaulipan thornscrub forests of northeastern Mexico, biomass components of standing vegetation were estimated from 56 quadrats ... | 18,826,617 |
An efficient method for visualization and growth of fluorescent Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in planta. | Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal agent of bacterial blight disease, is a serious pathogen of rice. Here we describe a fluorescent marker system to study virulence and pathogenicity of X. oryzae pv. oryzae. A fluorescent X. oryzae pv. oryzae Philippine race 6 strain expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) (P... | 18,826,644 |
Linkage disequilibrium compared between five populations of domestic sheep. | The success of genome-wide scans depends on the strength and magnitude of linkage disequilibrium (LD) present within the populations under investigation. High density SNP arrays are currently in development for the sheep genome, however little is known about the behaviour of LD in this livestock species. This study exa... | 18,826,649 |
Ethnomedicinal plant use by Lepcha tribe of Dzongu valley, bordering Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve, in North Sikkim, India. | Lepcha is the oldest and the first tribe reported from Sikkim, India; majority of its population inhabiting in Dzongu valley, an officially demarcated reserve for Lepcha community, bordering Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve, in north district. Lepchas of Dzongu are known for their retention of rich cultural heritage. ... | 18,826,658 |
Ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy of parotid gland swellings. | To determine whether ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy is a safe and reliable investigation in cases of parotid swelling in which fine needle aspiration cytology has failed to give a definitive diagnosis. Analysis of 66 ultrasound-guided core biopsy specimens of the parotid gland (the largest series reported thus fa... | 18,826,660 |
ALaRMED: adverse events in low-risk chest pain patients receiving continuous ECG monitoring in the emergency department: a survey of Canadian emergency physicians. | Current guidelines suggest that most patients who present to an emergency department (ED) with chest pain should be placed on a continuous electrocardiographic monitoring (CEM) device. We surveyed emergency physicians to determine their perception of current occupancy rates of CEM and to assess their attitudes toward p... | 18,826,728 |
Matrix metalloproteinases in intracerebral hemorrhage. | The objective of this study is to review the role of matrix metalloproteinases in intracerebral hemorrhage, which is associated with hypertension, head trauma and premature birth. A PubMed search of literature pertaining to this study was conducted in April 2008 using specific keyword search terms pertaining to intrace... | 18,826,803 |
New hosts for equine herpesvirus 9. | Equine herpesvirus 9 was detected in a polar bear with progressive encephalitis; the source was traced to 2 members of a potential equid reservoir species, Grevy's zebras. The virus was also found in an aborted Persian onager. Thus, the natural host range is extended to 6 species in 3 mammalian orders. | 18,826,828 |
Extended sequence typing of Campylobacter spp., United Kingdom. | Supplementing Campylobacter spp. multilocus sequence typing with nucleotide sequence typing of 3 antigen genes increased the discriminatory index achieved from 0.975 to 0.992 among 620 clinical isolates from Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. This enhanced typing scheme enabled identification of clusters and retained data re... | 18,826,829 |
Effect of HMG CoA reductase inhibitors on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and C-reactive protein: systematic review and meta-analysis. | HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) have been claimed to decrease C-reactive protein (CRP), independent of their effect on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether a relationship between the average effect of statins on LDL-C and CRP exist... | 18,826,864 |
Influence of grape juice and orange juice on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of diltiazem in healthy human male subjects. | The objective was to study the effect of grape juice and orange juice on the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of diltiazem in healthy human volunteers. The study design was open-label, balanced, randomized, 3-period, single-dose and crossover. A group of 12 healthy, adult, male human volunteers received ... | 18,826,865 |
Perceptions of Medicare Part D enrollees about pharmacists and their role as providers of medication therapy management. | To explore the awareness of Medicare Part D enrollees regarding medication therapy management (MTM) and to examine their expectations and perceptions of pharmacists in providing MTM. The Internet-based survey consisted of questions on respondent demographics, prescription-related behavior, awareness of MTM, and expecta... | 18,826,904 |
Columbus Air Force Base medication profile intervention practice innovation. | To determine whether community pharmacist-initiated interventions containing a recommendation to adjust prescribed medication therapy and delivered via fax are viewed as helpful by prescribers and to what extent prescribers accept those recommendations. Cross-sectional. Columbus Air Force Base (Columbus, MS) during a 3... | 18,826,905 |
Reliability testing of a case-leveling framework for assigning level of difficulty of pharmacist's initial patient medication assessments. | To develop and test the reliability of a case-leveling framework for assigning level of difficulty of the pharmacist's task for initial medication assessments conducted by pharmacists integrated into family physician offices. Descriptive study. Seven family practice sites in Ontario from June 2004 to July 2006. Patient... | 18,826,903 |
Early differentiation of the Earth and the Moon. | We examine the implications of new 182W and 142Nd data for Mars and the Moon for the early evolution of the Earth. The similarity of 182W in the terrestrial and lunar mantles and their apparently differing Hf/W ratios indicate that the Moon-forming giant impact most probably took place more than 60Ma after the formatio... | 18,826,925 |
Accretion of the Earth. | The origin of the Earth and its Moon has been the focus of an enormous body of research. In this paper I review some of the current models of terrestrial planet accretion, and discuss assumptions common to most works that may require re-examination. Density-wave interactions between growing planets and the gas nebula m... | 18,826,928 |
Genomic evidence for a large-Z effect. | The 'large-X effect' suggests that sex chromosomes play a disproportionate role in adaptive evolution. Theoretical work indicates that this effect may be most pronounced in genetic systems with female heterogamety under both good-genes and Fisher's runaway models of sexual selection (males ZZ, females ZW). Here, I use ... | 18,826,931 |
Between-group competition and human cooperation. | A distinctive feature of human behaviour is the widespread occurrence of cooperation among unrelated individuals. Explaining the maintenance of costly within-group cooperation is a challenge because the incentive to free ride on the efforts of other group members is expected to lead to decay of cooperation. However, th... | 18,826,935 |
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