title stringlengths 0 1.13k | abstract stringlengths 1 15.7k | PMID int64 22 36.5M |
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Infectious complications following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: an automated surveillance system for detecting postprocedure bacteremia. | We have developed an automated surveillance system to detect bloodstream infection (BSI) occurring after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We retrospectively applied this automated surveillance tool to all patients who underwent ERCP at out institution between July 2004 and April 2006 to determine ... | 18,926,314 |
Instrument processing with lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide: a challenge for patient safety. | The quaternary ammonium compound (QUAT) lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide (LDBAB) is commercialized in the Caribbean, Central, and South America under label claims to sterilize medical and dental instruments in 30 minutes or less. But QUAT formulations are classified as low-level disinfectants with no sporicidal ... | 18,926,316 |
The influence of triage systems and triage scores on timeliness of ED analgesic administration. | The aim of the study was to examine the association between triage scoring systems and triage priority scores on time to initial emergency department (ED) analgesic administration. An observational, multicenter, prospective, cohort study was conducted at 20 US and Canadian EDs. Centers from the United States used the E... | 18,926,342 |
Hypertension in the ED: still an unrecognized problem. | Hypertension is prevalent in the general population. Emergency Department (ED) follow-up studies show persistence of blood pressure elevations in up to 50% of patients, and ED screening for hypertension has been recommended. Blood pressure elevations are often ignored or attributed to pain or anxiety. Our purpose was t... | 18,926,352 |
Constrictive pericarditis after cardiac transplantation: a case report and literature review. | We present a patient who was found to have constrictive pericarditis 6 months after cardiac allograft transplantation. The many invasive and non-invasive diagnostic procedures that were undertaken are reviewed, as is the gross pathology seen during surgery. In addition, the entity of constriction in the transplant pati... | 18,926,409 |
MR urography: technique and results for the evaluation of urinary obstruction in the pediatric population. | MR urography has the potential to revolutionize imaging of the urinary tract in both adults and children, because of its ability to provide an unprecedented level of anatomic information and quantitative functional evaluation of each kidney. MR urography can now provide useful assessment of obstructive uropathy and may... | 18,926,428 |
The PROTECT pilot study: a randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-finding study of the adenosine A1 receptor antagonist rolofylline in patients with acute heart failure and renal impairment. | Rolofylline, an adenosine A(1) receptor antagonist, facilitates diuresis and preserves renal function in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) with renal impairment. Although not powered around any specific hypothesis, this pilot study was designed to identify an efficacious dose while refining inclusion criteria and... | 18,926,433 |
Mesohepatectomy as an option for the treatment of central liver tumors. | Despite substantial improvements in intra- and postoperative management of extended hemihepatectomy as the curative option for treatment of central liver tumors, the high morbidity and mortality rates accompanying the procedure still represent major obstacles. Mesohepatectomy preserves up to 35% more functional liver t... | 18,926,451 |
What is the quality of surgery-related information on the internet? Lessons learned from a standardized evaluation of 10 common operations. | Although there is high-quality information on the Internet, it is difficult for patients to identify high-quality Web sites from those with inaccurate or misleading information. Our goal was to determine specific characteristics of Web search results that yield high-quality information and can be discerned easily by pa... | 18,926,463 |
Molecular and biochemical mechanisms in maize endosperm development: the role of pyruvate-Pi-dikinase and Opaque-2 in the control of C/N ratio. | A combined transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolic analysis provided an overview of the main changes occurring in gene expression during maize kernel development. It allowed identifying genes expressed at each developmental stage and the shift occurring from one stage to the other. A major change occurred at the transi... | 18,926,491 |
Metatarsals in the estimation of stature in South Africans. | To date, only one study has investigated the potential of metatarsals in the estimation of stature for forensic purposes. The morphology of these bones from clinical and paleontological perspectives is well researched in different parts of the world including South Africa. The present study aimed at assessing the usefu... | 18,926,502 |
Tonsillitis and sudden childhood death. | Critical reduction in upper airway diameter may result from tonsillar enlargement due to infection or from associated abscess formation. Other potentially lethal complications include hemorrhage and disseminated sepsis. Two cases are reported to illustrate features of specific cases: Case 1: a 12-year-old girl who exsa... | 18,926,504 |
Atypical wound of entry and unusual presentation in a fatal stab injury. | Stab wounds encountered in medico-legal autopsies are usually caused by sharp pointed weapons. Peculiarities of the wound of entry in stab wounds, for example due to the hilt of the weapon, movement of the weapon and sometimes by the hand of the assailant holding the weapon are often described in literature. We report ... | 18,926,506 |
Vertebral arterial injury due to fatal dog bites. | Dog bite-related injuries and fatalities are major public health problem worldwide. The authors present a case of a Japanese Tosa-dog bite-related fatality in an old woman who died from a vertebral arterial laceration with the C5 vertebral fracture. This was an uncommon type of injury that dog bites injured the vertebr... | 18,926,508 |
Traumatic degloving lesion of male external genitalia. | Injury to the male external genitalia is relatively uncommon when compared with other parts of the human body. Trauma to external genitalia could result from accidents involving motor vehicles, power farm machinery, gun shot and stab injuries. We present a rare case of traumatic degloving injury of male external genita... | 18,926,510 |
Predictors of changes in body image concerns of Chinese adolescents. | This nine-month prospective study tested the extent to which risk factors implicated in recent accounts of body dissatisfaction predicted changes in body image concerns of adolescent boys and girls in China. A sample of 593 Chinese adolescents (217 boys, 376 girls) completed measures of weight esteem, appearance esteem... | 18,926,567 |
Use of anti-diabetic drugs and glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes-tThe Hong Kong Diabetes Registry. | In this report, we examined the usage of anti-diabetic treatments including oral anti-diabetic drug (OAD) and/or insulin and their combination from baseline data of a consecutive cohort of 7549 Chinese type 2 diabetic subjects in the Hong Kong Diabetes Registry. Pattern of usage of anti-diabetic treatment and correspon... | 18,926,583 |
Pregnancy-associated acute liver disease and acute viral hepatitis: differentiation, course and outcome. | Pregnant women with acute viral hepatitis (VH) and those with pregnancy associated acute liver disease (PAALD) including acute fatty liver disease of pregnancy, hemolysis elevated liver enzyme and low platelet syndrome present with similar clinical features and liver tests abnormalities. Accurate differentiation betwee... | 18,926,590 |
Forty years of atmospheric radiocarbon monitoring around Bohunice nuclear power plant, Slovakia. | Radiocarbon variations in the atmospheric CO(2) with attenuating amplitudes and decreasing mean values with typical maxima in summer and minima in winter have been observed since 1967 in two localities of Slovakia, in Bratislava and Zlkovce, situated about 60 km NE from Bratislava, only 5 km from the Bohunice Nuclear P... | 18,926,606 |
Water management in Angkor: human impacts on hydrology and sediment transportation. | The city of Angkor, capital of the Khmer empire from the 9th to 15th century CE, is well known for its impressive temples, but recent research has uncovered an extensive channel network stretching across over 1000 km2. The channel network with large reservoirs (termed baray) formed the structure of the city and was the... | 18,926,615 |
Characterization study of heavy metal-bearing phases in MSW slag. | Slag products derived from the pyrolysis/melting and plasma/melting treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Japan were examined for the characterization study of heavy metal-bearing phases using petrographic techniques. Detailed microscopic observations revealed that the shapes of heavy metal-rich inclusions are ge... | 18,926,624 |
Decolourization and mineralization of commercial reactive dyes by using homogeneous and heterogeneous Fenton and UV/Fenton processes. | The oxidative decolourization and mineralization of three reactive dyes in separately prepared aqueous solutions C.I. Reactive Yellow 3 (RY3), C.I. Reactive Blue 2 (RB2) and C.I. Reactive Violet 2 (RV2) by using homogeneous and heterogeneous Fenton and UV/Fenton processes have been investigated. The effects of H(2)O(2)... | 18,926,634 |
Suppressive effect of mirtazapine on the HPA system in acutely depressed women seems to be transient and not related to antidepressant action. | Impaired regulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system is a consistent finding among patients with depression, which can be most sensitively detected with the combined dexamethasone (dex)/corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) test. The majority of patients with acute depression shows an exaggera... | 18,926,641 |
Association between CARD15/NOD2 gene polymorphisms and paratuberculosis infection in cattle. | Paratuberculosis represents a major problem in farmed ruminants and at the present is considered a potential zoonosis. The disease is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and susceptibility to infection is suspected to have a genetic component. Caspase recruitment domain 15 (CARD15) gene encodes for a... | 18,926,647 |
Vascular endothelial growth factor in neonates with perinatal asphyxia. | Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a polypeptide growth factor that is activated by tissue hypoxia. The role of VEGF in perinatal asphyxia in human neonates is yet to be clarified. In infants who develop moderate to severe acute hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) it is crucial to clearly understand physiol... | 18,926,648 |
[Exocrin pancreatic deficiency revealing an alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency]. | There are genetic mutations taking part in the physiopathology of pancreatitis. The role of alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency in this pathology is debated. We report the case of a 60-year-old man with a pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. He was diagnosed with AAT deficiency. The phenotype was Pi SZ, with genotyping ... | 18,926,650 |
Complications of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage in patients with dilated and nondilated intrahepatic bile ducts. | Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) have been described as an effective technique to obtain biliary access. Between January 1996 and December 2006, a total of 419 consecutive patients with endoscopically inaccessible bile ducts underwent PTBD. The current retrospective study evaluated success and complica... | 18,926,655 |
1,6-O,O-diacetylbritannilactones inhibits IkappaB kinase beta-dependent NF-kappaB activation. | To determine the chemical constituents responsible for pharmacological effects of Inula britannica-F., three specific sesquiterpene lactones in Inula britannica were isolated from chloroform extract and identified, including britannilactone (BL), 1-O-acetylbritannilactone (ABLO), and 1,6-O,O-diacetylbritannilactone (AB... | 18,926,678 |
Inhibitory mechanisms of Agaricus blazei Murill on the growth of prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo. | Agaricus blazei Murill (A. blazei) has been conventionally used as a health food for the prevention of cancer. However, little is known about the direct effects and action mechanisms of A. blazei on human prostate cancer. In the present study, the effects of A. blazei on the growth of human prostate cancer were examine... | 18,926,679 |
Green and black tea extracts inhibit HMG-CoA reductase and activate AMP kinase to decrease cholesterol synthesis in hepatoma cells. | Recent studies have demonstrated that green and black tea consumption can lower serum cholesterol in animals and in man, and suppression of hepatic cholesterol synthesis is suggested to contribute to this effect. To evaluate this hypothesis, we measured cholesterol synthesis in cultured rat hepatoma cells in the presen... | 18,926,682 |
5-Caffeoylquinic acid and caffeic acid orally administered suppress P-selectin expression on mouse platelets. | Caffeic acid and 5-caffeoylquinic acid are naturally occurring phenolic acid and its quinic acid ester found in plants. In this article, potential effects of 5-caffeoylquinic acid and caffeic acid on P-selectin expression were investigated due to its significant involvement in platelet activation. First, the effects of... | 18,926,684 |
The fairness of PAYT systems: some guidelines for decision-makers. | Although the whole idea behind the PAYT approach is to develop a fairer system of waste charges than currently used, there still remains a number of issues that need to be considered when designing any given application of the PAYT principle, bearing in mind the variety of possible PAYT systems and the set of factors t... | 18,926,689 |
On-chip impedimetric detection of bacteriophages in dairy samples. | Bacteriophage infection of starter cultures constitutes a major problem in the dairy fermentation industry, which may bring about important economic losses. In this study, a rapid detection method of bacteriophages was developed based on analysis of impedance changes occurred upon infection of a host-biofilm establishe... | 18,926,694 |
Synthesis of Arabino glycosyl triazoles as potential inhibitors of mycobacterial cell wall biosynthesis. | A series of arabino glycosyl triazoles with varying hydrophobic groups were synthesised as putative mimics of decaprenolphosphoarabinose (DPA) as potential inhibitors of mycobacterial cell wall biosynthesis. Biological testing against Mycobacterium bovis BCG revealed low to moderate anti-mycobacterial activity, with st... | 18,926,698 |
Pituitary apoplexy associated with acute cerebral infarct. | We describe a case of pituitary apoplexy associated with acute cerebral infarction. A review of the literature regarding the pathogenesis of cerebral infarction in the presence of pituitary apoplexy is presented and management options proposed. | 18,926,706 |
Double edge redox-implications for the interaction between endogenous thiols and copper ions: In vitro studies. | The present study investigated the redox-consequences of the interaction between various endogenous thiols (RSH)-glutathione, cysteine, homocysteine, gamma-glutamyl-cysteine, and cysteinyl-glycine- and Cu(2+) ions, in terms of their free radical-scavenging, ascorbate-oxidizing and O2(*-)-generating properties of the re... | 18,926,709 |
Novel piperidinylpyrimidine derivatives as inhibitors of HIV-1 LTR activation. | Piperidinylpyrimidine derivatives, previously prepared as inhibitors of TNF-alpha production, were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against HIV-1 LTR activation. Some of these derivatives inhibited activation of HIV-1 LTR-directed CAT gene expression induced by PMA in Jurkat cells. In this report, we describe SA... | 18,926,711 |
Statistics for clinical nursing practice: an introduction. | Difficulty in understanding statistics is one of the most frequently reported barriers to nurses applying research results in their practice. Yet the amount of nursing research published each year continues to grow, as does the expectation that nurses will undertake practice based on this evidence. Critical care nurses... | 18,926,715 |
Ionized o-, m-, and p-difluorobenzene dissociate through ring-opened intermediates: a TPEPICO investigation. | Threshold photoelectron photoion coincidence (TPEPICO) experiments have shown that o-, m-, and p-difluorobenzene ions dissociate via a common, ring-opened intermediate and not via ionized p-difluorobenzene. Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) modeling of the experimental breakdown curves yields activation energies for... | 18,926,721 |
Maxillary first molar with aberrant canal configuration: a report of 3 cases. | The prognosis for endodontic treatment in teeth exhibiting morphological aberrations is unfavorable if the clinician fails to recognize extra root canals. This report demonstrates 3 clinical cases of maxillary first molars that presented 2 canals in the palatal root merging at the apical third (Vertucci's type II canal... | 18,926,731 |
Radiopacity and histological assessment of Portland cement plus bismuth oxide. | The present study evaluated the subcutaneous connective tissue reactions and the radiopacity of MTA, Portland cement (PC), and Portland cement plus bismuth oxide (BO). Forty rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 8 per group): A1: Control (empty capsule); A2: Pro-Root MTA; A3: PC; A4: PC + BO 1:1; and A5: PC + BO 2:1. Po... | 18,926,734 |
Enhanced spectral resolution by high-dimensional NMR using the filter diagonalization method and "hidden" dimensions. | High-dimensional (HD) NMR spectra have poorer digital resolution than low-dimensional (LD) spectra, for a fixed amount of experiment time. This has led to "reduced-dimensionality" strategies, in which several LD projections of the HD NMR spectrum are acquired, each with higher digital resolution; an approximate HD spec... | 18,926,747 |
Orally administered microencapsulated lysozyme downregulates serum AGE and reduces the severity of early-stage diabetic nephropathy. | Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease in developed countries and is related to chronic hyperglycaemia. The increased production and tissue deposition of advanced glycation end products (AGE) are known to play a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney damage. This study was unde... | 18,926,757 |
Successful non-operative management of an iatrogenic recto-urethral fistula in a 13-year-old boy. | Here we present a case of successful non-operative management of an iatrogenic recto-urethral fistula in a 13-year-old boy. The fistula was created when urethroscopic repair of a urethral stricture was attempted. Due to the anatomy of the lesion and previous urinary diversion, it was deemed possible to spare this patie... | 18,926,776 |
Detection of chitinase activity by 2-aminobenzoic acid labeling of chito-oligosaccharides. | Chitinases are hydrolases capable of hydrolyzing the abundant natural polysaccharide chitin. Next to artificial fluorescent substrates, more physiological chito-oligomers are commonly used in chitinase assays. Analysis of chito-oligosaccharides products is generally accomplished by UV detection. However, the relatively... | 18,926,793 |
Biochemical characterization of human epidermal retinol dehydrogenase 2. | The mRNA encoding a putative human enzyme named Epidermal Retinol Dehydrogenase 2 (RDH-E2) was found to be significantly elevated in psoriatic skin [Y. Matsuzaka, K. Okamoto, H. Tsuji, T. Mabuchi, A. Ozawa, G. Tamiya, H. Inoko, Identification of the hRDH-E2 gene, a novel member of the SDR family, and its increased expr... | 18,926,804 |
TGIF, a homeodomain transcription factor, regulates retinal progenitor cell differentiation. | TG-interacting factor (TGIF) is a TALE homeodomain protein expressed predominantly in the central nervous system and functions as a transcriptional repressor. Several mutations in TGIF have been identified in patients with holoprosencephaly, the most common congenital malformation of the developing human forebrain. How... | 18,926,818 |
Histone-deacetylase inhibition reverses atrial arrhythmia inducibility and fibrosis in cardiac hypertrophy independent of angiotensin. | Atrial fibrosis influences the development of atrial fibrillation (AF), particularly in the setting of structural heart disease where angiotensin-inhibition is partially effective for reducing atrial fibrosis and AF. Histone-deacetylase inhibition reduces cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, so we sought to determine if t... | 18,926,829 |
A network approach to modeling population aggregation and genetic control of pest insects. | Historically, models of the invasion and biological control of insect pests have omitted heterogeneities in the spatial structure of the targeted populations. In this study, we use stochastic network simulations to examine explicitly population heterogeneity as a function of landscape structure and insect behavior. We ... | 18,926,837 |
A population-coding model of attention's influence on contrast response: Estimating neural effects from psychophysical data. | Human psychophysics and monkey physiology studies have shown that attention modulates early vision - contrast sensitivity and processing. But how can we bridge the effects of attention on perceptual performance to their neural underpinnings? Here we implement a population-coding model that estimates attentional effects... | 18,926,845 |
Episodic-like and procedural memory impairments in histamine H1 Receptor knockout mice coincide with changes in acetylcholine esterase activity in the hippocampus and dopamine turnover in the cerebellum. | We investigated episodic-like (ELM) and procedural memory (PM) in histamine H1 receptor knockout (H1R-KO) mice. In order to relate possible behavioral deficits to neurobiological changes, we examined H1R-KO and wild-type (WT) mice in terms of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity in subregions of the hippocampus and A... | 18,926,883 |
Descending pathways from activated locus coeruleus/subcoeruleus following unilateral hindpaw inflammation in the rat. | We have previously shown that the descending pathways from the locus coeruleus (LC)/subcoeruleus (SC) to the spinal cord are activated during peripheral inflammation, and that activation of this coeruleospinal system decreases development of hyperalgesia. Anatomical evidence suggests that the descending modulation syst... | 18,926,888 |
Determination of the human brainstem respiratory control network and its cortical connections in vivo using functional and structural imaging. | This study combined functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging techniques, optimized for the human brainstem, to investigate activity in brainstem respiratory control centres in a group of 12 healthy human volunteers. We stimulated respiration with carbon dioxide (CO(2)), and utilized novel methodology to sep... | 18,926,913 |
Phylogenetics and biogeography of the broad-nosed bats, genus Platyrrhinus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). | The Neotropical broad-nosed bats, genus Platyrrhinus, represent a well-defined monophyletic group of 14 recognized species. A recent study of morphological characters confirmed Platyrrhinus monophyly and species diagnosis, but offered little support to their intra-specific relationships. We conducted phylogenetic analy... | 18,926,914 |
Lactobacillus-mediated inhibition of clinical toxic shock syndrome Staphylococcus aureus strains and its relation to acid and peroxide production. | The inhibitory activities of 39 strains representing 20 different species of Lactobacillus toward a menstrual toxic shock syndrome (TSS) Staphylococcus aureus archetype strain MN8 were investigated. Nearly every strain (38 of 39) produced an inhibitory effect under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions when assayed on ... | 18,926,917 |
Quality of life in seizure-free patients with epilepsy on monotherapy. | Epilepsy is a multifaceted chronic disorder which has diverse and complex effects on the well-being of the patient. Although it is evident that seizure type and frequency play a critical role in the quality of life (QOL) of patients with epilepsy, it is less clear what the major determinants are that influence QOL in s... | 18,926,930 |
Alkaline mineral water lowers bone resorption even in calcium sufficiency: alkaline mineral water and bone metabolism. | Dietary acid charge enhances bone loss. Bicarbonate or alkali diet decreases bone resorption in humans. We compared the effect of an alkaline mineral water, rich in bicarbonate, with that of an acid one, rich in calcium only, on bone markers, in young women with a normal calcium intake. This study compared water A (per... | 18,926,940 |
Testing the "epidemiologic paradox" of birth outcomes among Asian immigrant women in Hsin-Chu County, Taiwan. | Taiwan saw an increase in immigration during the last decade. This retrospective study investigated whether immigrant status confers a protective effect on birth outcomes and whether this effect varies across racial/ethnic subgroups in Hsin-Chu County, Taiwan. A total of 30,770 singleton birth certificates from January... | 18,926,945 |
Answers to questions posed during daily patient care are more likely to be answered by UpToDate than PubMed. | UpToDate and PubMed are popular sources for medical information. Data regarding the efficiency of PubMed and UpToDate in daily medical care are lacking. The purpose of this observational study was to describe the percentage of answers retrieved by these information sources, comparing search results with regard to diffe... | 18,926,978 |
Is attention needed for word identification? Evidence from the Stroop paradigm. | One of the most robust findings in attention research is that the time to name a color is lengthened markedly in the presence of an irrelevant word that spells a different color name: the Stroop effect. The Stroop effect is found even when the word is physically separated from the color, apparently indicating that word... | 18,926,987 |
The role of valence and frequency in the emotional Stroop task. | People are generally slower to name the color of emotion-laden words than they are to name that of emotionally neutral words. However, an analysis of this emotional Stroop effect (Larsen, Mercer, & Balota, 2006) indicates that the emotion-laden words used are sometimes longer, have lower frequencies, and have small... | 18,926,988 |
State-trace analysis of the effects of a visual illusion on saccade amplitudes and perceptual judgments. | Visual illusions often appear to have a larger influence on subjective judgments than on visuomotor behavior. Although this effect has been taken as evidence for multiple estimates of stimulus size in the visual brain, dissociations between subjective judgments and visuomotor measures can frequently be reconciled with ... | 18,926,997 |
On suppressing unwanted cues via randomization. | In certain perceptual discrimination tasks, a change in a particular stimulus variable can be perceived as changes along multiple perceptual dimensions. If the study is primarily concerned with a particular perceptual dimension or cue, it is important that the experimenter keep the influences of the other unwanted but ... | 18,927,020 |
Influence of hand position on the near effect in 3-D attention. | Voluntary reorienting of attention in real depth situations is characterized by an attentional bias to locations nearer the viewer once attention is deployed to a spatially cued object in depth. Previously, this effect (initially referred to as the near effect) was attributed to access of a 3-D viewer-centered spatial ... | 18,927,021 |
Indirect assessment of visual working memory for simple and complex objects. | Previous research has shown that visual search performance is modulated by the current contents in visual working memory (VWM), even when the contents of VWM are irrelevant to the search task. For example, visual search is faster when the target--rather than a distractor--is surrounded by a shape currently held in VWM.... | 18,927,031 |
What is the impact of the explicit knowledge of sequence regularities on both deterministic and probabilistic serial reaction time task performance? | The aim of this study was to explore the role of prior explicit sequence knowledge by comparing its influence on serial reaction time (SRT) performance with either a deterministic or a probabilistic sequence. The results confirm that, with a deterministic sequence, preliminary explicit learning improves SRT performance... | 18,927,043 |
Dominance and context effects on activation of alternative homophone meanings. | Two eyetracking-during-listening experiments showed frequency and context effects on fixation probability for pictures representing multiple meanings of homophones. Participants heard either an imperative sentence instructing them to look at a homophone referent (Experiment 1) or a declarative sentence that was either ... | 18,927,045 |
RT distribution analysis of category congruence effects with masked primes. | In the number magnitude decision task ("Is the number bigger/smaller than 5?"), response to a target (e.g., 3) is faster following a masked prime congruent with the target (e.g., 1) than it is following an incongruent prime (e.g., 9). This category congruence effect has been reported to be "interference-dominant" relat... | 18,927,046 |
Flattening generalization gradients, context, and perceptual learning. | The present research investigated the effects of physical context change and perceptual learning on generalization. In a video game, participants learned to suppress their mouse-clicking behavior in the presence of one stimulus (AX). Generalization was observed between the AX stimulus and another stimulus (BX) that was... | 18,927,051 |
Effects of reinforcer delay and variability in a successive-encounters procedure. | Pigeons responded in a successive-encounters procedure that consisted of a search period, a choice period, and a handling period. The search period was either a fixed-interval or a mixed-interval schedule presented on the center key of a three-key chamber. Upon completion of the search period, the center key was turned... | 18,927,053 |
Sources and levels of potentially toxic elements in the biodegradable fraction of autoclaved non-segregated household waste and its compost/digestate. | Waste that reflected the average UK composition of household waste was treated by autoclaving at the three set pressure/temperature levels of 2.7 bar/130 degrees C, 6.2 bar/160 degrees C and 15.5 bar/200 degrees C. The biodegradable fraction of the autoclaved household waste (;floc') was manually separated by screening... | 18,927,061 |
Site selection of sanitary landfills on the small island of Mauritius using the analytical hierarchy process multi-criteria method. | This paper focuses on the application of a multi-criteria analysis methodology - the analytical hierarchy process - for the locating of a sanitary landfill on the small island of Mauritius. Four candidate sites were assessed using three main criteria (environmental, technical and socio-economic) and twenty-one sub-crit... | 18,927,063 |
Multiplex immunoassay for serological diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle. | Efforts to develop a better diagnostic assay for bovine tuberculosis have shown that the sensitivity and specificity of an assay can be improved by the use of two or more antigens. As reported here, we developed a multiplex chemiluminescent immunoassay that can simultaneously detect antibody activity to 25 antigens in ... | 18,927,068 |
The risk of monozygotic twins after assisted reproductive technology: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | It is estimated that there is at least a 2-fold rise in the incidence of monozygotic twinning after assisted reproductive technology compared with natural conception. This can result in adverse pregnancy outcomes. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and SCISEARCH for studies that estimated the risk of monozygotic twinning and ... | 18,927,071 |
Ethnic differences in participation in flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in the UK. | The aim of the study was to examine ethnic differences in participation in colorectal cancer screening by flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS). It assessed both intentions to be screened and actual screening uptake, and considered whether demographic, health and psychosocial factors mediated the ethnic differences. The setting ... | 18,927,095 |
French colorectal cancer screening pilot programme: results of the first round. | In France, a national pilot population-based screening programme on colorectal cancer was set up in 2002. In 2006, 23 French districts were included, targeting a population of more than five million people. This programme offers biennial screening using the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) to average risk subjects aged b... | 18,927,097 |
miROrtho: computational survey of microRNA genes. | MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-protein coding RNAs that direct the widespread phenomenon of post-transcriptional regulation of metazoan genes. The mature approximately 22-nt long RNA molecules are processed from genome-encoded stem-loop structured precursor genes. Hundreds of such genes have been experimentally vali... | 18,927,110 |
Identification of a common variant at the NOS1AP locus strongly associated to QT-interval duration. | QT-interval prolongation is an electrophysiologic phenomenon associated with sudden cardiac death. The QT-interval in the general population is approximately 35% heritable. In genome-wide association studies, a common variant (rs10494366T > G) within the nitric oxide synthase 1 adaptor protein (NOS1AP) gene was iden... | 18,927,126 |
Mannose-binding lectin-2 genotypes and recurrent late pregnancy losses. | Low levels of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) predispose to various infectious and inflammatory disorders and have been reported to be associated with recurrent early miscarriages. Recurrent late pregnancy losses (RLPL) in the second trimester is a rare but devastating syndrome where maternal rather than fetal causes are ... | 18,927,129 |
Deliberate self-harm in children and adolescents: a qualitative study exploring the needs of parents and carers. | Deliberate Self-harm (DSH) is a serious public health problem and is becoming more prevalent among young people in Ireland. Research tends to focus on the DSH patient. However, parental involvement is recognized as an important factor in their child's prognosis. This study aimed to describe parents' and carers' experie... | 18,927,136 |
The development of motor coordination in Drosophila embryos. | We used non-invasive muscle imaging to study the onset of motor activity and emergence of coordinated movement in Drosophila embryos. Earliest movements are myogenic, and neurally controlled muscle contractions first appear with the onset of bursting activity 17 hours after egg laying. Initial episodes of activity are ... | 18,927,150 |
An epidemiological study of football (soccer) injuries in Benin City, Nigeria. | The increase in popularity of soccer and expectations from players make significant numbers of soccer injuries conceivable. Concerns have been expressed about the demand placed on the modern-day footballer and translation of these physical and mental demands into injuries. Despite the popularity and importance of the g... | 18,927,169 |
Acceptance of repeat population-based voluntary counselling and testing for HIV in rural Malawi. | To examine the acceptance of repeat population-based voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) for HIV in rural Malawi. Behavioural and biomarker data were collected in 2004 and 2006 from approximately 3000 adult respondents. In 2004, oral swab specimens were collected and analysed using ELISA and confirmatory Western bl... | 18,927,181 |
Pace of change in coronary heart disease mortality in Finland, Ireland and the United Kingdom from 1985 to 2006. | Finland, Ireland and the United Kingdom have the highest rates of coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality among EU-15 countries. This study examines the pace of change in CHD mortality in these countries from 1985-2006. The percentage change in 5-year average all age, under 65 and 65 years and over age standardized mort... | 18,927,185 |
Bacterial-mucosal interactions in inflammatory bowel disease: an alliance gone bad. | The complex interaction of genetic, microbial, and environmental factors may result in continuous activation of the mucosal immune system leading to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Most present treatments for IBD involve altering or suppressing the aberrant immune response; however, the role of the intestinal microbi... | 18,927,210 |
Characterization and putative role of a type I gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the cephalochordate amphioxus. | GnRH, originally isolated from mammalian hypothalamus, is a key player in the control of vertebrate reproduction. Employing reverse-phase chromatography, we purified a peptide of relative molecular mass of 1182.60 Da from the cephalochordate amphioxus Branchiostoma lanceolatum. We found that its amino acid sequence (pG... | 18,927,217 |
Sequencing and analysis of approximately 40,000 soybean cDNA clones from a full-length-enriched cDNA library. | A large collection of full-length cDNAs is essential for the correct annotation of genomic sequences and for the functional analysis of genes and their products. We obtained a total of 39,936 soybean cDNA clones (GMFL01 and GMFL02 clone sets) in a full-length-enriched cDNA library which was constructed from soybean pla... | 18,927,222 |
Pharmacokinetics of novel atrial-selective antiarrhythmic agent vernakalant hydrochloride injection (RSD1235): influence of CYP2D6 expression and other factors. | Vernakalant hydrochloride injection (RSD1235) is a relatively atrial-selective antiarrhythmic agent that converts atrial fibrillation rapidly to sinus rhythm. The pharmacokinetics of vernakalant were explored in healthy volunteers and in patients with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter in 4 clinical studies. Key pha... | 18,927,241 |
Bone biopsy of the parasymphyseal pubic bone region in athletes with chronic groin injury demonstrates new woven bone formation consistent with a diagnosis of pubic bone stress injury. | There is little scientific evidence available regarding the pathologic basis for chronic groin injury in athletes, a known difficult clinical problem. Histological analysis of the superior pubic ramus in athletes with diagnosed chronic groin injury may reveal the nature of the pathologic process. Case series; Level of ... | 18,927,251 |
Family involvement in inpatient care in Taiwan. | This descriptive, cross-sectional survey study illustrates the roles for and motives of being a family visitor to accompany a hospitalized loved one during hospitalization in a Taiwanese hospital. Family visitors were approached by research assistants on a random basis in acute inpatient units. Among the 1,034 particip... | 18,927,262 |
Activation of the RAF/mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway mediates apoptosis induced by chelerythrine in osteosarcoma. | Chelerythrine, a widely used broad-range protein kinase C inhibitor, induces apoptosis in many cell types. In this study, the mechanism of chelerythrine-induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma was investigated. Signaling pathways activated by chelerythrine in osteosarcoma were detected by Western blots. Impacts of RAF/mitoge... | 18,927,278 |
Antiapoptotic activity of autocrine interleukin-22 and therapeutic effects of interleukin-22-small interfering RNA on human lung cancer xenografts. | Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is one of most common malignant diseases and usually is resistant against apoptosis-inducing chemotherapy. This study is to explore the antiapoptotic mechanisms of interleukin (IL)-22 in human lung cancer. Nineteen cases with stage I to III NSCLC were collected to determine the exp... | 18,927,282 |
DNA double-strand break repair of blood lymphocytes and normal tissues analysed in a preclinical mouse model: implications for radiosensitivity testing. | Radiotherapy is an effective cancer treatment, but a few patients suffer severe radiation toxicities in neighboring normal tissues. There is increasing evidence that the variable susceptibility to radiation toxicities is caused by the individual genetic predisposition, by subtle mutations, or polymorphisms in genes inv... | 18,927,295 |
Cyclin D1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes are present in the repertoire of cancer patients: implications for cancer immunotherapy. | Cyclin D1, a key cell cycle regulator, is overexpressed in multiple types of cancer. Such tumor-associated genes may be useful targets for cancer immunotherapy. Nevertheless, it had previously been suggested that efficient T cells recognizing cyclin D1-derived epitopes are absent from the repertoire because of thymic d... | 18,927,298 |
Phase I pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of LAQ824, a hydroxamate histone deacetylase inhibitor with a heat shock protein-90 inhibitory profile, in patients with advanced solid tumors. | To determine the safety, maximum tolerated dose, and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic profile of a histone deacetylase inhibitor, LAQ824, in patients with advanced malignancy. LAQ824 was administered i.v. as a 3-h infusion on days 1, 2, and 3 every 21 days. Western blot assays of peripheral blood mononuclear cell lysate... | 18,927,309 |
IL12RB2 and ABCA1 genes are associated with susceptibility to radiation dermatitis. | Severe acute radiation dermatitis is observed in approximately 5% to 10% of patients who receive whole-breast radiotherapy. Several factors, including treatment-related and patient-oriented factors, are involved in susceptibility to severe dermatitis. Genetic factors are also thought to be related to a patient's suscep... | 18,927,311 |
JC virus infection in colorectal neoplasia that develops after liver transplantation. | Liver transplant recepients (LTRs) have an increased risk of colorectal neoplasia. The mechanism responsible for this is unknown. JCV encodes for TAg and has been implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis. We hypothesized that the use of immunosuppression in LTRs facilitates activation of JCV and is responsible for the i... | 18,927,316 |
Use of adrenomedullin derivatives for molecular imaging of pulmonary circulation. | Currently, there is no low-molecular-weight agent for imaging of the pulmonary circulation. Adrenomedullin (AM) is a peptide predominantly cleared by the pulmonary circulation through specific endothelial receptors. We developed human AM derivatives radiolabeled with 99mTc and evaluated their biodistribution, plasma ki... | 18,927,321 |
Nuclear imaging and minimally invasive surgery in the management of hyperparathyroidism. | Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common cause of hypercalcemia, and the treatment is primarily surgical. Because of biochemical screening, more patients now present with asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism, and consensus guidelines have been developed for the treatment of these patients. There is now consid... | 18,927,330 |
Surface sites for engineering allosteric control in proteins. | Statistical analyses of protein families reveal networks of coevolving amino acids that functionally link distantly positioned functional surfaces. Such linkages suggest a concept for engineering allosteric control into proteins: The intramolecular networks of two proteins could be joined across their surface sites suc... | 18,927,392 |
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