title stringlengths 0 1.13k | abstract stringlengths 1 15.7k | PMID int64 22 36.5M |
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Promoting axon regeneration in the adult CNS by modulation of the PTEN/mTOR pathway. | The failure of axons to regenerate is a major obstacle for functional recovery after central nervous system (CNS) injury. Removing extracellular inhibitory molecules results in limited axon regeneration in vivo. To test for the role of intrinsic impediments to axon regrowth, we analyzed cell growth control genes using ... | 18,988,856 |
Quebec platelet disorder is linked to the urokinase plasminogen activator gene (PLAU) and increases expression of the linked allele in megakaryocytes. | Quebec platelet disorder (QPD) is an autosomal dominant disorder with high penetrance that is associated with increased risks for bleeding. The hallmark of QPD is a gain-of-function defect in fibrinolysis due to increased platelet content of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) without systemic fibrinolysis. We hypoth... | 18,988,861 |
Endothelial nitric oxide deficiency reduces MMP-13-mediated cleavage of ICAM-1 in vascular endothelium: a role in atherosclerosis. | Lack of endothelial nitric oxide synthase worsens atherosclerosis at least by increasing monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanism elicited by NO. We evaluated atherosclerosis in apoE and NOS3/apoE-deficient mice fed with high-cholesterol diet. We found s... | 18,988,893 |
p53 impairs endothelium-dependent vasomotor function through transcriptional upregulation of p66shc. | The transcription factor, p53, and the adaptor protein, p66shc, both play essential roles in promoting oxidative stress in the vascular system. However, the relationship between the two in the context of endothelium-dependent vascular tone is unknown. Here, we report a novel, evolutionarily conserved, p53-mediated tran... | 18,988,897 |
Cardiogenic differentiation and transdifferentiation of progenitor cells. | In recent years, cell transplantation has drawn tremendous interest as a novel approach to preserving or even restoring contractile function to infarcted hearts. A typical human infarct involves the loss of approximately 1 billion cardiomyocytes, and, therefore, many investigators have sought to identify endogenous or ... | 18,988,903 |
Extrapulmonary manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a mouse model of chronic cigarette smoke exposure. | Cigarette smoking is the most commonly encountered risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), reflected by irreversible airflow limitation, frequently associated with airspace enlargement and pulmonary inflammation. In addition, COPD has systemic consequences, including systemic inflammation, muscle ... | 18,988,919 |
Graphical histories for visualization: supporting analysis, communication, and evaluation. | Interactive history tools, ranging from basic undo and redo to branching timelines of user actions, facilitate iterative forms of interaction. In this paper, we investigate the design of history mechanisms for information visualization. We present a design space analysis of both architectural and interface issues, iden... | 18,988,963 |
Geometry-based edge clustering for graph visualization. | Graphs have been widely used to model relationships among data. For large graphs, excessive edge crossings make the display visually cluttered and thus difficult to explore. In this paper, we propose a novel geometry-based edge-clustering framework that can group edges into bundles to reduce the overall edge crossings.... | 18,988,974 |
Perceptual organization in user-generated graph layouts. | Many graph layout algorithms optimize visual characteristics to achieve useful representations. Implicitly, their goal is to create visual representations that are more intuitive to human observers. In this paper, we asked users to explicitly manipulate nodes in a network diagram to create layouts that they felt best c... | 18,988,981 |
Spatially ordered treemaps. | Existing treemap layout algorithms suffer to some extent from poor or inconsistent mappings between data order and visual ordering in their representation, reducing their cognitive plausibility. While attempts have been made to quantify this mismatch, and algorithms proposed to minimize inconsistency, solutions provide... | 18,988,983 |
Size-based transfer functions: a new volume exploration technique. | The visualization of complex 3D images remains a challenge, a fact that is magnified by the difficulty to classify or segment volume data. In this paper, we introduce size-based transfer functions, which map the local scale of features to color and opacity. Features in a data set with similar or identical scalar values... | 18,988,987 |
Visualizing particle/flow structure interactions in the small bronchial tubes. | Particle deposition in the small bronchial tubes (generations six through twelve) is strongly influenced by the vortex-dominated secondary flows that are induced by axial curvature of the tubes. In this paper, we employ particle destination maps in conjunction with two-dimensional, finite-time Lyapunov exponent maps to... | 18,988,991 |
Visualizing temporal patterns in large multivariate data using textual pattern matching. | Extracting and visualizing temporal patterns in large scientific data is an open problem in visualization research. First, there are few proven methods to flexibly and concisely define general temporal patterns for visualization. Second, with large time-dependent data sets, as typical with today's large-scale simulatio... | 18,988,998 |
Effective visualization of short routes. | In this work we develop a new alternative to conventional maps for visualization of relatively short paths as they are frequently encountered in hotels, resorts or museums. Our approach is based on a warped rendering of a 3D model of the environment such that the visualized path appears to be straight even though it ma... | 18,988,996 |
Sinus endoscopy--application of advanced GPU volume rendering for virtual endoscopy. | For difficult cases in endoscopic sinus surgery, a careful planning of the intervention is necessary. Due to the reduced field of view during the intervention, the surgeons have less information about the surrounding structures in the working area compared to open surgery. Virtual endoscopy enables the visualization of... | 18,989,001 |
Predictors of operative mortality following primary coronary artery bypass surgery. | Although quality assessment of coronary artery patients can be done by 30 days risk-adjusted operative mortality, it is still insufficient to study the outcome after primary coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). In our study, we attempted to determine the factors, which can help predict operative mortality befor... | 18,989,059 |
A novel cadmium(II) coordination polymer with a four-connected (4,4)-net based on a trinuclear cadmium(II) node. | In the title cadmium(II) coordination polymer, poly[tri-mu(4)-adipato-bis(2-phenyl-1H-1,3,7,8-tetraazacyclopenta[l]phenanthrene-kappa(2)N(7),N(8))tricadmium(II)], [Cd(3)(C(6)H(8)O(4))(3)(C(19)H(12)N(4))(2)](n), one of the Cd atoms is in a distorted pentagonal bipyramidal coordination environment, surrounded by five O a... | 18,989,077 |
Technologies for transporter drug discovery. | Transporters represent attractive targets for drug discovery and are implicated in the pathophysiology of disorders across several therapeutic areas including asthma, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and neuroscience. However, the intrinsic mechanistic properties of transporters present significant challenges to the de... | 18,989,100 |
New approaches to the treatment of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. | Treatment approaches for frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) are rapidly evolving with improved understanding of the disease. This brief review highlights recent advances. Early-onset dementia has a devastating impact on families and rids its victims of their most productive and rewarding years. Over the past 10 y... | 18,989,117 |
What is the place of bevacizumab and irinotecan in the treatment of glioblastoma and other malignant gliomas? | To critically assess the role of irinotecan (Camptosar, CPT-11) and bevacizumab (Avastin) as a new treatment for glioblastoma and other malignant gliomas (anaplastic forms of astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas). Two prospective phase II trials of bevacizumab and irinotecan have been reported. The observed high respons... | 18,989,118 |
Hormone replacement therapy post Women's Health Initiative study: where do we stand? | The aim of this review is to look at all publications from the past 18 months, which deal with the impact of the Women's Health Initiative Trial on hormone replacement therapy. There is a definite decline in the use of hormone replacement therapy among menopausal women. More research needs to be done on the long-term e... | 18,989,125 |
Thromboembolism in pregnancy: recurrence risks, prevention and management. | The purpose of this review is to summarize the epidemiology of thromboembolism in pregnancy and describe strategies to prevent and treat it. The main reason for the increased risk of thrombosis in pregnancy is hypercoagulability. Other risk factors include a history of thrombosis, inherited and acquired thrombophilia, ... | 18,989,130 |
Oesophageal bolus transit and clearance by secondary peristalsis in normal individuals. | Secondary peristalsis is important for the clearance of retained refluxate or material from the oesophagus. Combined impedance and manometry can directly detect both oesophageal contraction and bolus transit. To apply combined impedance and manometry to characterize oesophageal bolus transit and clearance by secondary ... | 18,989,139 |
Antimicrobial host defense in the upper gastrointestinal tract. | With the exception of fungi, microbial infections are rare in the oesophagus. Herein, we aimed to systematically assess the distribution and quantity of different antimicrobial host factors as well as, for the first time, functional mucosal antimicrobial activity in the upper gastrointestinal tract. We investigated bio... | 18,989,140 |
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a patient with Miller-Dieker syndrome. | A 15-month-old girl with Miller-Dieker syndrome, a contiguous gene deletion syndrome involving chromosome 17p13.3 and resulting in lissencephaly, was diagnosed with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cytogenetic analysis identified both the previously detected 17p13.3 deletion and additional complex numeric... | 18,989,166 |
CD4+ T-cell count monitoring does not accurately identify HIV-infected adults with virologic failure receiving antiretroviral therapy. | CD4 T-lymphocyte (CD4) counts are widely used to monitor response to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings. However, the utility of such monitoring in terms of predicting virologic response to therapy has been little studied. We studied participants aged 18 years and older who initiated ART in Toror... | 18,989,232 |
The relationship between obesity and blood pressure differs by ethnicity in Sydney school children. | The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between obesity and high systolic blood pressure (SBP) in Southeast Asian (SEAsian) and Australian children living in Australia. SBP, country of birth, and obesity indices (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and percent body fat (%TBF)) were ... | 18,989,256 |
Sustained moderate visual loss as a predictive end point for visual loss in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. | In PKC-DRS2, the efficacy of the oral PKC-beta inhibitor, ruboxistaurin 32 mg/day, was measured by the primary end point of sustained moderate visual loss (SMVL: a > or = 15 letter decrease from baseline on the ETDRS (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study) chart sustained at least for the last 6 months of study... | 18,989,348 |
Privilege revisited: an evaluation of the eye's defence mechanisms. | Immune privilege has been considered for many years to be an interesting phenomenon associated with certain specialised tissues such as the eye and the brain. In recent years however, it has become clear that the active and passive mechanisms which underpin immune privilege are in fact a form of tissue-based immunologi... | 18,989,350 |
A precise Bicoid gradient is nonessential during cycles 11-13 for precise patterning in the Drosophila blastoderm. | During development, embryos decode maternal morphogen inputs into highly precise zygotic gene expression. The discovery of the morphogen Bicoid and its profound effect on developmental programming in the Drosophila embryo has been a cornerstone in understanding the decoding of maternal inputs. Bicoid has been described... | 18,989,373 |
A model of brain circulation and metabolism: NIRS signal changes during physiological challenges. | We construct a model of brain circulation and energy metabolism. The model is designed to explain experimental data and predict the response of the circulation and metabolism to a variety of stimuli, in particular, changes in arterial blood pressure, CO(2) levels, O(2) levels, and functional activation. Significant mod... | 18,989,392 |
Genome-wide analysis of human disease alleles reveals that their locations are correlated in paralogous proteins. | The millions of mutations and polymorphisms that occur in human populations are potential predictors of disease, of our reactions to drugs, of predisposition to microbial infections, and of age-related conditions such as impaired brain and cardiovascular functions. However, predicting the phenotypic consequences and ev... | 18,989,397 |
Isolation of mononuclear cells from the central nervous system of rats with EAE. | Whether studying an autoimmune disease directed to the central nervous system (CNS), such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE, 1), or the immune response to an infection of the CNS, such as poliomyelitis, Lyme neuroborreliosis, or neurosyphilis, it is often necessary to isolate the CNS-infiltrating immune... | 18,989,401 |
A sterol-regulatory element binding protein is required for cell polarity, hypoxia adaptation, azole drug resistance, and virulence in Aspergillus fumigatus. | At the site of microbial infections, the significant influx of immune effector cells and the necrosis of tissue by the invading pathogen generate hypoxic microenvironments in which both the pathogen and host cells must survive. Currently, whether hypoxia adaptation is an important virulence attribute of opportunistic p... | 18,989,462 |
Induction of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on the mouse lingual lymphatic endothelium with TNF-alpha. | This study investigated the TNF-alpha-induced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression on mouse lingual lymphatic vessels. All podoplanin-positive lymphatic vessels expressed PECAM-1. In the lamina propria mucosae of TNF-alpha-treated tongue, almost all initial lymphatics expressed ICAM-1. There were initial lymphatics with the VC... | 18,989,464 |
Photochemical cooperativity in photosystem II. Characterization of oxygen evolution discontinuities in the light-response curves. | In two previous papers (Fragata et al., J. Phys. Chem. B, 2005, 109, 14707-14714; Fragata et al., J. Phys. Chem. B, 2007, 111, 3315-3320), it was shown that the variation of oxygen evolution with the light intensity (I) in photosystem II (PSII) in steady state conditions can be formulated according to the Langmuir adso... | 18,989,471 |
Mental health professionals' perceived barriers and benefits, and personal concerns in relation to psychiatric research. | Mental health professionals can contribute to generating a strong evidence base for policy and practice in psychiatry. An insight into their perception of psychiatric research is important for planning support strategies. This study explored healthcare professionals' perceptions of barriers, benefits and concerns about... | 18,989,488 |
Evidence-based medicine (EBM) for undergraduate medical students. | Teaching evidence-based medicine (EBM) to practitioners and residents will improve their performance. There is insufficient evidence regarding the teaching of EBM in undergraduate medical education. We aimed to determine whether an EBM workshop would improve undergraduate medical student's ability to form clinical ques... | 18,989,493 |
Comparison of the two-year outcomes and costs of prophylaxis in medical patients at risk of venous thromboembolism. | A decision-analytic model incorporating a Markov process to assess the incremental cost and effectiveness of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention strategies was used. Modeling was carried out using a hypothetical cohort of medical patients at risk of VTE. The model compared clinical effectiveness (primary and recurr... | 18,989,525 |
The INSIG1 gene, not the INSIG2 gene, associated with coronary heart disease: tagSNPs and haplotype-based association study. The Beijing Atherosclerosis Study. | Dyslipidemia, especially hypercholesterolemia, is a major risk factor of coronary heart disease (CHD). The insulin induced gene 1 (INSIG1) and insulin induced gene 2 (INSIG2) encode two proteins which mediate feedback control of cholesterol synthesis. We conducted a case-control study to investigate whether the common ... | 18,989,534 |
Expression, purification and mass spectrometric analysis of LIM mineralization protein-1 in human lung epithelial cells. | LIM mineralization protein-1 (LMP-1) is a novel osteoinductive protein that has been cloned and shown to induce bone formation both in vitro and in vivo. Detection and evaluation of the possible presence of carbohydrate structures in LMP-1 is an important regulatory consideration for the therapeutic use of recombinantl... | 18,989,571 |
[Breast cancer and endothelial dysfunction]. | The main cause of death among Brazilian women is cardiovascular disease followed by cancer with breast cancer as the most incident. The relationship between cancer and thrombosis is well known, although its association with other cardiovascular events is poorly understood. In order to study these events from the earlie... | 18,989,570 |
The N-terminal cellulose-binding domain of EGXA increases thermal stability of xylanase and changes its specific activities on different substrates. | A full-length EGXA enzyme from a mollusk, Ampullaria crossean, was cloned into pFastBac vector and then heterogeneously expressed in insect Tn5 cells. Its natural N-terminal signal peptide worked well in the insect Tn5 cells. The recombinant EGXA was a 63 kDa protein and had active endo-beta-1,4-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) ... | 18,989,576 |
[Study on oral Candida albicans apoptosis in vitro]. | Candida albicans is one of the main opportunistic pathogen for human , the aim of this study is to investigate the phenomena of apoptosis in oral Candida albicans induced by acetic acid. The Candida albicans of clinical strains were induced to apoptosis by using a weak acid acetic acid.The apoptosis was detected by flo... | 18,989,590 |
[Construction of recombinant plasmid vector pIRES-CD and its expression in ACC-2 cells]. | To clone CD gene, construct its eukaryotic expression vector pIRES-CD and obtain positive ACC-2 cells expressing E.coli CD gene stably. PCR amplification was performed using primers based on E.coli CD gene sequence from Genebank, E.coli genomic DNA as template. PCR product was inserted into pMD18-T. After sequence conf... | 18,989,593 |
[Application of autologous bone fresh-frozen and re-implantation in treatment of cranio-maxillofacial bone tumors: report of 4 cases]. | To evaluate the application of autologous bone fresh-frozen and re-implantation in treatment of cranio-maxillofacial bone tumors. Four cases with cranio-maxillofacial bone tumors, including one in the frontal bone and three in the mandible, underwent osteoectomy, autologous diseased bone fresh-frozen by nitrogen, re-im... | 18,989,601 |
[Clinical application of custom-made key-key attachment in the restoration of maxillofacial defect]. | To evaluate the usefulness of custom-made key-key attachment in restoration of maxillofacial defect. Using key-key attachment, facial prostheses and intraoral prostheses were combined to restore dentition, maxilla and right facial defects in a female patient. Good retention of maxillofacial prostheses and intraoral pro... | 18,989,605 |
Functional characterization of tzn1 and tzn2-zinc transporter genes in Neurospora crassa. | Previous work from our laboratory involved the description of the Neurospora metal transportome, which included seven hypothetical zinc transporters belonging to the ZIP family. The aim of the present study was to make a comparative functional evaluation of two hypothetical zinc transporters named tzn1 (NCU07621.3) and... | 18,989,627 |
Systemic PCD occurs in TMV-tomato interaction. | In hypersensitive response (HR), programmed cell death (PCD) is reported as a powerful defense mechanism in plant immune responses to pathogen. However, little is known about the PCD in systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Using tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) to infect the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Jiafen 16) we f... | 18,989,644 |
[Sepsis-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome]. | This article reports on the case of a multiple trauma patient, who was admitted to the intensive care unit with haemorrhagic shock and severe hypoxaemia. Following posttraumatic septic shock the patient developed quadriplegia 3 weeks after admittance. After having excluded any traumatic and cerebral origins, an analysi... | 18,989,649 |
Mapping and validation of quantitative trait loci for resistance to Cercospora zeae-maydis infection in tropical maize (Zea mays L.). | Breeding for resistance to gray leaf spot, caused by Cercospora zeae-maydis (Cz) is paramount for many maize environments, in particular under warm and humid growing conditions. In this study, we mapped and characterized quantitative trait loci (QTL) involved in the resistance of maize against Cz. We confirmed the impa... | 18,989,654 |
Rare occurrence of Hb Lepore-Baltimore in African Americans: molecular characteristics and variations of Hb Lepores. | Hb Lepore is the hybrid hemoglobin (Hb) composed of two alpha-globin chains and two deltabeta hybrid chains and is associated with the clinical findings of thalassemia minor in its heterozygous form. Hb Lepore can be found in many ethnic groups, commonly in southern European countries, but rarely in African Americans. ... | 18,989,669 |
Carboplatin dosing in overweight and obese patients with normal renal function, does weight matter? | The purpose of this study was to determine the potential utility of alternative weight descriptors in the Cockcroft-Gault equation to more accurately predict carboplatin clearance in underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese patients. Clearance values obtained from individual fits using NONMEM were compared to p... | 18,989,671 |
Size of ornament is negatively correlated with baseline corticosterone in males of a socially monogamous colonial seabird. | The Goymann-Wingfield model predicts that glucocorticoid levels in social animals reflect the costs of acquiring and maintaining social status. The crested auklet is one of the few avian colonial species where a mutual ornament in males and females is used in both sexual and aggressive displays. Previous studies of the... | 18,989,678 |
Comparison of topical versus parenteral testosterone in children with microphallic hypospadias. | Surgical correction of genital defects was formerly proposed when the size of the penis was sufficient to permit easy surgical repair. To enlarge penile size, temporary stimulation with testosterone either topical or parenteral has been reported. Parenteral testosterone has been found to be effective; however, variable... | 18,989,681 |
The role of angiotensin II type 1a receptor on intestinal epithelial cells following small bowel resection in a mouse model. | We have previously shown that inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) significantly reduced intestinal epithelial cell (EC) apoptosis and improved morphometric intestinal adaptation in a mouse model of massive small-bowel resection (SBR). This study attempted to further examine the downstream signaling factor... | 18,989,682 |
Daptomycin in bone and joint infections: a review of the literature. | To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of daptomycin, a novel antibiotic for the treatment of bone and joint infections, a literature search of relevant articles was conducted. A PubMed/MEDLINE search (1990-April 2008) to identify relevant English-language literature was conducted. Search te... | 18,989,686 |
Modulation of heart rate variability by estrogen in young women undergoing induction of ovulation. | Estrogens are involved in the modulation of the cardiovascular system, yet their effects in young women remains largely unknown. Women who undergo ovulation induction treatments attain extremely high estrogen concentrations during a very short time period. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of an ... | 18,989,692 |
Regulation of mitochondrial respiration by inorganic phosphate; comparing permeabilized muscle fibers and isolated mitochondria prepared from type-1 and type-2 rat skeletal muscle. | ADP is generally accepted as a key regulator of oxygen consumption both in isolated mitochondria and in permeabilized fibers from skeletal muscle. The present study explored inorganic phosphate in a similar regulatory role. Saponin permeabilized fibers and isolated mitochondria from type-I and type-II muscle from male ... | 18,989,695 |
Active Ca(2+) reabsorption in the connecting tubule. | The kidney plays a crucial role in the maintenance of the body calcium (Ca(2+)) balance. Ca(2+) is an essential ion in all organisms and participates in a large variety of structural and functional processes. In mammals, active tubular Ca(2+) reabsorption is restricted to the distal part of the nephron, i.e., the late ... | 18,989,697 |
Parasites, info-disruption, and the ecology of fear. | There is growing interest in the ecological consequences of fear, as evidenced by the numerous studies on the nonconsumptive, trait-mediated effects of predators. Parasitism, however, has yet to be fully integrated into research on the ecology of fear, despite it having direct negative and often lethal effects on hosts... | 18,989,706 |
Co-metabolic degradation of dimethoate by Raoultella sp. X1. | A bacterium Raoultella sp. X1, based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence, was isolated. Characteristics regarding the bacterial morphology, physiology, and genetics were investigated with an electron microscopy and conventional microbiological techniques. Although the isolate grew and degraded dimethoate poorly when the chem... | 18,989,739 |
Interleukin13 haplotypes and susceptibility of Iranian women to breast cancer. | Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is a TH2 cytokine with direct and indirect immunoregulatory functions on cancer cells. The cytokine has been reported to have some polymorphic variations at the gene level associated with some immune related diseases including asthma and allergy. In the present study, association of three IL13 ge... | 18,989,750 |
The method of single-nucleotide variations detection using capillary electrophoresis and molecular beacons. | We demonstrate that single-nucleotide variations in a DNA sequence can be detected using capillary electrophoresis (CE) and molecular beacons (MBs). In this method, the region surrounding the site of a nucleotide variation was amplified in a polymerase chain reaction, then hybridize PCR products with each of MBs. The s... | 18,989,751 |
Prevalence of celiac disease among patients with Behcet's disease in Iran. | Behcet's disease and Celiac disease, both common in Iran, share many immunopathogenic and clinical features. Based on the possible association between these two diseases, this study is designed to determine the frequency of non-diagnosed celiac disease in patients with Behcet's disease. The sera of 288 consecutive pati... | 18,989,774 |
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with single-balloon enteroscopy is feasible in patients with a prior Roux-en-Y anastomosis. | The purpose of this study is to describe the feasibility of using single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE) to perform endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients who had a prior Roux-en-Y (RY) anastomosis. This case series describes four patients, one with RY gastric bypass, two with RY due to bile duct i... | 18,989,776 |
Expression of alkaline sphingomyelinase in yeast cells and anti-inflammatory effects of the expressed enzyme in a rat colitis model. | Alkaline sphingomyelinase (Alk-SMase) is a key enzyme in the intestinal tract for digestion of dietary sphingomyelin (SM), which generates lipid messengers with cell-cycle regulating effects. The enzyme is significantly decreased in ulcerative colitis and colon cancer. Based on this information, we wanted to investigat... | 18,989,780 |
Formation of inhalable rifampicin-poly(L-lactide) microparticles by supercritical anti-solvent process. | Formation of inhalable microparticles containing rifampicin and poly(L-lactide) (L-PLA) by using supercritical anti-solvent process (SAS) was investigated. The solutions of drug and polymer in methylene chloride were sprayed into supercritical carbon dioxide. The effect of polymer content and operating conditions, temp... | 18,989,787 |
Potentiation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl- currents by the chemical solvent tetrahydrofuran. | The chemical solvent tetrahydrofuran (THF) increases short-circuit current (I(sc)) in renal epithelia endogenously expressing the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). To understand how THF increases I(sc), we employed the Ussing chamber and patch-clamp techniques to study cells expressing recombi... | 18,989,824 |
Response properties of mouse trigeminal ganglion neurons. | We used controlled whisker deflections to examine the response properties of 208 primary afferent neurons in the trigeminal ganglion of adult mice. Proportions of rapidly adapting (RA, 47%) and slowly adapting (SA, 53%) neurons were equivalent, and most cells had low or no spontaneous activity. We quantified angular tu... | 18,989,828 |
A comparative presentation of implementation of ISO 22000 versus HACCP and FMEA in a small size Greek factory producing smoked trout: a case study. | ISO 22000 is the new standard bound to replace HACCP on issues related to food safety. Although several companies, especially the big ones, have either implemented or are on the point of implementing ISO 22000, there are many others which are rather timid and/or reluctant to implement it. The main reason behind that is... | 18,989,836 |
Population differences in immune marker profiles associated with human T-lymphotropic virus type I infection in Japan and Jamaica. | The natural history of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) has been shown to differ markedly by geographic area. The differences include contrasting patterns of risk of adult T-cell lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), which may be due in part to differences in ... | 18,989,900 |
Ultralow fouling zwitterionic polymers grafted from surfaces covered with an initiator via an adhesive mussel mimetic linkage. | In this work, nonfouling zwitterionic polymers were grafted via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) from surfaces covered with an adhesive catechol initiator. The catechol initiator was attached to both bare gold and amino-functionalized surfaces, and the nonfouling performances of the resulti... | 18,989,905 |
DNA closed nanostructures: a structural and Monte Carlo simulation study. | DNA nanoconstructs are obtained in solution by using six unique 42-mer DNA oligonucleotides, whose sequences have been designed to form a pseudohexagonal structure. The required flexibility is provided by the insertion of two non-base-paired thymines in the middle of each sequence that work as flexible hinges and const... | 18,989,907 |
Exploiting distinct molecular architectures of ultrathin films made with iron phthalocyanine for sensing. | The possibility of generating distinct film properties from the same material is crucial for a number of applications, which can only be achieved by controlling the molecular architecture. In this paper we demonstrate as a proof-of-principle that ultrathin films produced from iron phthalocyanine (FePc) may be used to d... | 18,989,908 |
Self-assembled nanostructures of oligopyridine molecules. | The high potential of self-assembly processes of molecular building blocks is reflected in the vast variety of different functional nanostructures reported in the literature. The constituting units must fulfill several requirements like synthetic accessibility, presence of functional groups for appropriate intermolecul... | 18,989,910 |
Structural and dynamic properties of water within the solvation layer around various conformations of the glycine-based polypeptide. | Several conformations of the solvated glycine-based polypeptides were investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. Some properties of water in the neighboring space around these molecules were investigated. It was found that water forms a well-defined layer-the first solvation shell-around the peptide molecule, a... | 18,989,911 |
Ordering rigid rod conjugated polymer molecules for high performance photoswitchers. | Molecules of a rigid rod conjugated polymer, a derivative of poly(para-phenylene ethynylene)s with thioacetyl end groups (TA-PPE), were well aligned by drop-casting the polymer solution onto the friction-transferred poly(tetrafluoroethylene) substrates. TA-PPE molecules were found to be exactly oriented with their conj... | 18,989,943 |
Dehydrative cyclocondensation reactions on hydrogen-terminated Si(100) and Si(111): an ex situ tool for the modification of semiconductor surfaces. | Dehydrative cyclocondensation processes for semiconductor surface modification can be generally suggested on the basis of well-known condensation schemes; however, in practice this approach for organic functionalization of semiconductors has never been investigated. Here we report the modification of hydrogen-terminate... | 18,989,960 |
New approaches to the treatment of inflammatory disease : focus on small-molecule inhibitors of signal transduction pathways. | This 'state-of-the-art' review specifically focuses on alternative signalling pathways deeply involved in acute and chronic inflammatory responses initiated by various pathological stimuli. The accumulated scientific knowledge has already revealed key biological targets, such as COX-2, and related pro-inflammatory medi... | 18,989,991 |
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interaction between nebicapone, a novel catechol-o-methyltransferase inhibitor, and controlled-release levodopa/carbidopa 200 mg/50 mg : randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in healthy subjects. | Levodopa is the most effective symptomatic treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD), but its use is often associated with development of motor complications. These adverse responses to fluctuations in dopaminergic stimulation can be reduced by concomitant administration of a catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor.... | 18,989,992 |
Effect of genetic predisposition on the risk of gallbladder cancer in Hungary. | A CYP1A1 polymorphism has been associated with an increased risk for gallbladder cancer (GBC) in Japanese women. However, genetic risk factors for GBC in Hungary, where the population has a relatively high GBC incidence, has not been well studied. We therefore tested associations between CYP1A1 T3801C, CYP1A1 Ile462Val... | 18,990,008 |
Statistical comparison of survival models for analysis of cancer data. | The Cox Proportional Hazard model is the most popular technique to analysis the effects of covariates on survival time but under certain circumstances parametric models may offer advantages over Cox's model. In this study we use Cox regression and alternative parametric models such as: Weibull, Exponential and Lognorma... | 18,990,013 |
The cost-effectiveness of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in Taiwan. | A quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV 6/11/16/18) vaccine has recently received regulatory approval in Taiwan for the prevention of cervical carcinoma, high-grade cervical dysplasia (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 [CIN 2/3]), low-grade cervical dysplasia (CIN 1), high-grade vulvar and vaginal dysplasia, and ... | 18,990,021 |
Acute schistosomiasis outbreak: clinical features and economic impact. | Acute schistosomiasis (AS) is a systemic hypersensitivity reaction that has been recognized mostly in nonimmune travelers. Although the condition is self-limited, it can be severe. We describe an outbreak of AS in a group of travelers returning from Tanzania and estimate the disease burden. After we identified the inde... | 18,990,059 |
Coccidioidomycosis in elderly persons. | Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection acquired via inhalation of airborne fungal arthrospores of Coccidioides species in regions of endemicity in the deserts of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. In recent years, the incidence of coccidioidomycosis has increased in areas of endemicity, and previous ... | 18,990,061 |
The effect of interferon beta-1b on size of short-lived enhancing lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis. | Contrast enhancing lesions (CELs) in MRI represent inflammatory events in multiple sclerosis (MS). IFN-beta-1b decreases the formation of CELs. However, the ability of IFN-beta-1b to reduce the size of CELs arising during therapy has not been extensively investigated. Thirty patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) MS we... | 18,990,070 |
Competency measurements: testing convergent validity for two measures. | This paper is a report of a study to investigate whether the Australian National Competency Standards for Registered Nurses demonstrate correlations with the Finnish Nurse Competency Scale. Competency assessment has become popular as a key regulatory requirement and performance indicator. The term competency, however, ... | 18,990,106 |
The experience of life after burn injury: a new bodily awareness. | This paper is a report of a study to describe the injured body of people who have survived a major burn and seeks to understand the essence of their lived experience. The burden of a burn-injured body, including loss of function, altered appearance and psychological distress, can threaten return to preburn state of lif... | 18,990,107 |
Neurological aspects of obstructive sleep apnea. | Obstructive sleep apnea is often regarded as a structural disorder causing narrowing of the airway. This article reviews the neurological aspects of obstructive sleep apnea, including the upper airway reflex, cortical arousal thresholds, and motor function as they pertain to the pathophysiology of disease. We also disc... | 18,990,120 |
High nuclear Livin expression is a favourable prognostic indicator in renal cell carcinoma. | To assess the protein expression of Livin, an apoptosis inhibitor, in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and to determine its prognostic relevance. Immunohistochemical staining for Livin was performed in tissue microarrays (TMAs), including tumour tissue cores, from patients with RCC who had undergone renal surgery. In 682 TMA... | 18,990,137 |
Brachytherapy for prostate cancer: is the pretreatment prostate volume important? | To prospectively determine the effect of prostate volume on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in terms of changes in the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and to determine whether prostate volume affects the retention rate after brachytherapy, as there is concern that patients with larger prostates might d... | 18,990,138 |
P-cadherin as a prognostic indicator and a modulator of migratory behaviour in bladder carcinoma cells. | To identify changes associated with P-cadherin expression in bladder cancer and evaluate the potential role of such events in determining the clinical outcome and cell behaviour, as the function of P-cadherin in normal epithelium is unknown, as is its potential role in neoplastic progression in different cancers. In al... | 18,990,147 |
Assessment of urodynamic and detrusor contractility variables in patients with overactive bladder syndrome treated with botulinum toxin-A: is incomplete bladder emptying predictable? | To assess whether incomplete bladder emptying and the need for clean intermittent self-catheterization (CISC) is predictable, by analysing urodynamic and detrusor contractility variables in patients treated with botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) for refractory idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO). Sixty-seven patients (mean ... | 18,990,156 |
Stage-specific effect of nodal metastases on survival in patients with non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma. | To quantify the survival disadvantage related to the presence of exclusive nodal metastases (eNM) in patients with otherwise non-metastatic (M0) renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Data were retrieved from 12 institutional databases and yielded 3507 patients with T1-3N1-2M0 RCC treated with partial or radical nephrectomy. Cox ... | 18,990,161 |
The significance of lymphovascular invasion in transurethral resection of bladder tumour and cystectomy specimens on the survival of patients with urothelial bladder cancer. | To test the hypothesis that patients with bladder cancer who had evidence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in their transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) and radical cystectomy (RC) specimens would have a worse prognosis and higher likelihood of clinical understaging, and to assess the effect of LVI discove... | 18,990,174 |
A novel streptococcal integrative conjugative element involved in iron acquisition. | In this study, we determined the function of a novel non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) system carried by a streptococcal integrative conjugative element (ICE), ICESe2. The NRPS shares similarity with the yersiniabactin system found in the high-pathogenicity island of Yersinia sp. and is the first of its kind to b... | 18,990,191 |
Mycotic aneurysm of the posterior tibial artery -- a rare complication of bacterial endocarditis: a case report. | Distal arterial embolisation and subsequent aneurysm formation are rare occurrences and most are secondary to trauma. We have found no case reports that describe posterior tibial aneurysm formation secondary to bacterial endocarditis. We report the case of a 47-year-old Caucasian man who, 2 years after an episode of su... | 18,990,208 |
A new 500 kb haplotype associated with high CD8+ T-lymphocyte numbers predicts a less severe expression of hereditary hemochromatosis. | Hereditary Hemochromatosis(HH) is a common genetic disorder of iron overload where the large majority of patients are homozygous for one ancestral mutation in the HFE gene. In spite of this remarkable genetic homogeneity, the condition is clinically heterogeneous, varying from a severe disease to an asymptomatic phenot... | 18,990,219 |
Stability of multiple alignments and phylogenetic trees: an analysis of ABC-transporter proteins family. | Sequence-based phylogeny reconstruction is a fundamental task in Bioinformatics. Practically all methods for phylogeny reconstruction are based on multiple alignments. The quality and stability of the underlying alignments is therefore crucial for phylogenetic analysis. In this short report, we investigate alignments a... | 18,990,223 |
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