title stringlengths 0 901 | abstract stringlengths 3 9.89k | PMID int64 22 25.3M | embedding listlengths 768 768 |
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Biochemical and morphological characterization of mycobacteriophage R1. | Large-scale propagation of mycobacteriophage R1 in broth culture has allowed the isolation of quantities of virus sufficient for characterization of its nucleic acid and lipid components as well as investigation of its ultrastructural attributes. Analysis of R1 DNA indicates that it is double stranded and possesses a m... | 23,439 | [
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Acetohydroxamic acid: clinical studies of a urease inhibitor in patients with staghorn renal calculi. | The hydrolysis of urea by the bacterial enzyme urease pathologically increase urinary ammonia, bicarbonate, carconate and alkalinity. These factors contribute to the formation of urinary stones and to the virulence of bacteria. Acetohydroxamic acid, a potent inhibitor of urease, has been administered to 23 patients wit... | 23,442 | [
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A pH-conditional mutant of Escherichia coli. | Mutants of Escherichia coli have been isolated that are able to grow on lactose at pH 7.0 but not at pH 8.1. One of these mutants was analyzed and shown to map in the Z region of the lactose operon. beta-Galactosidase (beta-D-galactoside galactohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.23) activity in toluenized mutant cells at pH 8.0 was o... | 23,535 | [
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[The prevention of accidents in dental local anesthesia]. | The relatively rare complications developing under local anaesthesia may be due to various causes. The possibilities of the development of accidents under local anaesthesia are outlined; and prophylactic and therapeutic measures are deduced. A schematic premedication cannot prevent the development of complications with... | 23,595 | [
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[Rat brain and liver glutamine synthetase and gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in alloxan diabetes (IV)]. | Glutamine synthetase and gamma-glutamyltransferase activities of brain and liver homogenates of rats suffering from alloxan diabetes were determined in the soluble fraction (fraction 1) and in that obtained after treatment with 0.2 percent deoxycholate (fraction 2). The results obtained indicate that the activities of ... | 23,608 | [
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[Use of the 25-point ocular grid plate in quantitative-morphological studies of eutopic and dystopic testes of children]. | From plains histologic preparations of children's testicles the volume of seminiferous tubules and extratubular tissue were calculated by use of the points counting method. In ectopic testicles, the extratubular part is significantly larger than in normally descended testes. The range of the values measured by this met... | 23,614 | [
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On the determination of free L-tryptophan. | The determination of free L-tryptophan depends on several analytical well checked points e.g. absorbing effects, pH of the serum, dependence of the throughput, concentration dependence of retention, volume ultrafiltrated, cut-off, temperature dependence of the binding rate, purification on ion-exchange column, interfer... | 23,660 | [
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Quality assessment of a telephone care system utilizing non-physician personnel. | An approach to providing medical care by telephone is described and its content and quality assessed by means of an outcome study. Pediatric health assistants have been trained to evaluate, triage and offer home management advice in lieu of an office visit for medical problems presented by parents via telephone. During... | 23,689 | [
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Chest pain: coronary or esophageal? | Although it is often relatively easy for the clinician to differentiate between the heart and the esophagus as sources of chest pain, there remains a substantial minority of patients in whom this task is difficult. We have attempted to review points of differential significance which can be elicited through assessment ... | 23,713 | [
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Control of the chemotactic behavior of Bacillus subtilis cells. | The effects of nigericin, valinomycin and some lipophilic cations on the motile behavior of non-starved and methionine-straved Bacillus subtilis cells were studied. For valinomycin and nigericin a quantitative relationship between the flux in the proton-motive force and the duration of the twiddle response was found. L... | 23,735 | [
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The separation and characterization of marmoset kidney beta-D-galactosidase and beta-D-glucosidase. | beta-D-Galactosidase and beta-D-glucosidase activities were determined in homogenates of marmoset kidney by using the appropriate 4-methylumbelliferyl glycoside, beta-D-Galactosidase activity was separated into two main components by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, starch-gel electrophoresis, isoelectric... | 23,762 | [
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Effect of halopredone acetate on rat liver tryptophan oxygenase and tyrosine aminotransferase activities. | The possible inductive effect of a new local antiinflammatory steroid, 17,21-bis(acetyloxy)-2-bromo-6beta,9-difluoro-11beta-hydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione (halopredone acetate; Topicon), on the rat liver enzymes tryptophan oxygenase and tyrosine aminotransferase was evaluated. The new steroid, when present in the i... | 23,791 | [
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Intraerythrocyte pH, pCO2 and the hexose monophosphate shunt. | We have documented a rise in pCO2 when erythrocytes are haemolysed by freeze-thaw using solid CO2 and methanol. This is partially corrected by preventing leakage of CO2 into the system. The remaining increment is partially explained by stimulation of the hexose monophosphate shunt when erythrocytes are haemolysed by th... | 23,823 | [
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Study on plant RNAases. Isolation and properties of several activities from Vicia faba root cells. | Vicia faba root cells contain several nucleolytic activities: phosphomonoesterase and phosphodiesterase (which however were not studied in details), one nuclease and four ribonucleases. These results were obtained by separating the extracted proteins into anionic and cationic species by chromatography on CM-cellulose a... | 23,832 | [
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Studies of the catalytic properties of an endonuclease isolated from Tetrahymena pyriformis. | An acid endonuclease hydrolyzing both DNA and RNA was purified from Tetrahymena pyriformis, strain E. The enzyme is distributed in all major subcellular compartments and is excreted into the growth medium towards the middle of the logarithmic phase. It hydrolyzes DNA to penta or hexanucleotides, on the average, bearing... | 23,834 | [
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Indole to phenolate energy transfer, the alkaline quenching mechanism of beta-trypsin fluorescence. | Evidence that indole to phenolate energy transfer causes the decrease in beta-trypsin fluorescence with increasing alkalinity is obtained indirectly from viscosity, lifetime, wavelength dependence and chemical modification studies which either exclude or minimize the involvement of other possible mechanisms. | 23,855 | [
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[Catalytic properties of three isoenzymes possessing pyrophosphatase activity, isolated from baker's yeast]. | A kinetic study of inorganic pyrophosphatase isolated from brewer's yeast was done. It was shown that all three isoenzymes have the same pH-optimum and specificity with respect to substrate and metal activator. Statistical treatment of the kinetic data yielded equilibrium and catalytical constants, describing enzyme in... | 23,871 | [
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In vivo release of gastrin into human gastric juice. | The release of antral gastrin has been examined in human subjects by infusing saline and albumin into their stomachs. Immunoreactive gastrin (IRG) was present in fasting serum but not in fasting gastric juice. Intragastric infusions of saline and albumin induced small but significant (P less than 0.05) rises in the ser... | 23,884 | [
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Enteroendocrine cells in the digestive tract of Barbus conchonius (teleostei, cyprinidae). | Just as in other cyprinids, three zones can be distinguished in the digestive tract of Barbus conchonius. A fat absorptive zone (65--75%), including the intestinal bulb, is followed by a protein absorptive zone (25--35%) and a small ion and water absorptive zone (less than 5%). The main characteristics of these zones a... | 23,902 | [
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Electrostatic interactions at charged lipid membranes. Measurement of surface pH with fluorescent lipoid pH indicators. | The 5-dimethylaminonapthalene-1-sulfonyl (dansyl) chromophore attached to the polar head groups of lipids has been used as a fluorescent lipoid pH indicator to evaluate the interfacial pH in lipid-water lamellar systems prepared from negatively charged lipids. The pH in the vicinity of the charged lipid bilayers is dif... | 23,947 | [
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[Effect of the structure of liposomal membrane surface layer on the binding of phenothiazines]. | By using a fluorescent 3-metoxybenzatrone probe the binding of the phenothiazine series drugs (chlorpromazine, triftazine, aethaperazine) with phospholipid vesicles--liposomes, was investigated. Cholesterol is shown not to affect the binding of these drugs with liposomes. The surface charge of liposomes influences only... | 23,960 | [
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Actions of angiotensin on adrenergic nerve endings. | In the perfused vascular bed, vasoconstrictor responses to adrenergic nerve stimulation are augmented to a greater degree by angiotensin II than are the responses to injected norepinephrine. Overflow of adrenergic transmitter is also greater during nerve stimulation in the presence of angiotensin than in its absence. T... | 23,967 | [
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Varicocele: relation between anoxia and hypospermatogenesis. | Three groups of patients were analysed: varicocele patients with abnormal seminal fluid (17 cases), variococele and normal sperm (seven cases) and normal males (17 cases). Blood gas was secured in the internal spermatic vein, perpheric vein and femural artery, in an attempt to evaluate the possibility of altered gas co... | 24,012 | [
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The pH of the hamster sperm acrosome. | The pH of the hamster sperm acrosome was estimated by a method based on the distribution of monoamines between membrane enclosed volumes maintaining pH gradients. A fluorescent amine, 9-aminoacridine, was used to permit both microscopic and fluorometric measurements of amine distribution. Cauda epididymal hamster sperm... | 24,069 | [
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Virulence and resistance to superoxide, low pH and hydrogen peroxide among strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. | Six strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis of different virulence in guinea-pigs were compared with regard to their resistance to low pH, to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at different pH values and to superoxide (O2-). Low virulence was associated with susceptibility to H2O2 in native and isoniazid-resistant strains but not ... | 24,084 | [
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Protein kinase from avian myeloblastosis virus. | A protein kinase associated with purified virions of avian myeloblastosis BAI strain A was partially purified by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. The transfer of phosphate catalyzed by this enzyme required a divalent metal ion and ATP as phosphate donor. GTP could not be substituted for ATP, and the reac... | 24,125 | [
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[Bullet embolism of the median cerebral artery]. | A shot injury to the middle cerebral artery caused occlusion to the vessel by thrombosis and emboly of the missile. The projectil had been removed, but a thrombus formed in the a. cerebri media as a postoperative complication or by progression of a thrombosis in the internal carotid artery and after 19 days the patient... | 24,153 | [
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Reactions between peroxidizing lipids and histidyl residue analogues: enhancement of lipid oxidation and browning by 4-methylimidazole. | As a part of our study on the interactions between peroxidizing lipids and the histidyl imidazole side-chain in simple, low-moisture model systems, 4-methylimidazole (4MI) was reacted with methyl linoleate (ML). This analogue was chosen to avoid interference from other functional groups in histidine (free base) or in p... | 24,161 | [
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0.2241292,
0.1742509,
0.06073141,
-0.101... |
Disequilibrium pH and bicarbonate reabsorption: relevance to the pathogenesis of distal renal tubular acidosis. | An augmented renal capacity to reabsorb bicarbonate (RHCO3) has been noted in patients with distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA), and construed as evidence that the basic defect in dRTA is abnormal distal tubular permeability. According to this interpretation, the absence of a disequilibrium pH due to a back-leak of H2... | 24,188 | [
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[Development of hematopietic and lymphoid tissues in conjoint bone marrow and thymus transplants]. | The model of heterotopic transplantation of the mixture of bone marrow and thymus fragments was used to study the interaction of hemopoietic and lymphoid tissues under their direct contact. The bone marrow and thymus fragments of adult mice F1 (CBAXXC57BL) were transplanted separately or in the mixture under the kidney... | 24,196 | [
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Granulomatous ileocolitis (Crohn's disease). | In a clinical survey, the symptoms, associated diseases, and local and metabolic complications of Crohn's disease are discussed. Medical treatment (with SASP, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressives), as well as treatment for malnutrition, is of special importance. | 24,234 | [
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The effect of agitation of stored human blood on microaggregate formation. | Microaggregates (MA) composed of platelets and white blood cells form during the storage of human blood. These particles are believed to be a cause of pulmonary insufficiency in patients receiving massive blood transfusions. The present controlled study determined the effect of constant gentle agitation of CPD-anticoag... | 24,292 | [
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[Some properties of Mg 2+, Ca 2+-AtPase of brain microsomal fractions and synaptic plasma membranes in the solubilized state]. | Digitonin-solubilized Mg2+, Ca2+-ATPases of the brain microsomal fraction and synaptic plasma membranes are activated against a background of 6.0 mM Mg2+ by 0.001 and 0.03 mM of the added Ca2+ and manifest maximum activity at temperatures or 40-45 and 35-42 degrees C, respectively. The enzymes of the initial membrane p... | 24,293 | [
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The disposition of phentermine and its N-oxidized metabolic products in the rabbit. | 1. When phentermine was injected intraperitoneally to rabbits, 77% of the dose was excreted in the urine within 2 days; N-oxidized metabolic products accounted for 62% dose. Major excretion products were N-hydroxyphentermine (28% dose), conjugated N-hydroxyphentermine (32% dose) and unchanged phentermine (16% dose). 2.... | 24,306 | [
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[Dialysis technic for regulation of the internal milieu in acute poisoning]. | In 72 patients with acute poisoning (15 patients without unconsciousness with 80% of acute renal and hepatic failure, and 57 patients with unconciousness with 10.5% of acute renal and hepatic failure) the significance of the continuous prolonged haemodialysis lasting on an average 12 hours, respectively 18 hours, with ... | 24,313 | [
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"False positive" acidified serum test in a preleukemic dyserythropoiesis. | In a case of preleukemic dyserythropoiesis, in vitro red cell lysis tests showed a positive acidified serum test whose characteristics are described. The positive acidified serum test occurred in 10 normal sera, in 1 serum with complete deficiency of the fourth component of complement and in 1 serum with complete defic... | 24,320 | [
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Norepinephrine: hormone and neurotransmitter in man. | To determine whether norepinephrine could subserve a hormonal as well as a neurotransmitter function, norepinephrine was infused for 60 min into each of five normal young men in doses of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 microgram/min. After infusion, the plasma norepinephrine concentration fell with a mean (+/-SD) half-time... | 24,347 | [
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Acetazolamide and renal ammoniagenesis. | The effect of acetazolamide on ammonia-producing enzyme systems was determined in vitro at concentrations comparable to those which have been shown to abolish ammonium excretion in vivo. No change in the activity of glutaminase or gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase could be observed at concentrations up to 0.2 mM acetazolam... | 24,348 | [
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[Metabolic disorders in experimental hepatic insufficiency and parenteral feeding]. | Anhepatia is a complete experimental model for the study of metabolic disturbances associated with hepatic insufficiency. The authors report their experience based upon 16 cases of total hepatectomy in the dog. The animals received different types of hepatic assistance : group 1 (2 dogs), carbohydrate assistance (gluco... | 24,386 | [
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[Hydrogen ion metabolism and parenteral alimentation]. | The necessity of using solutions and emulsions in parenteral nutrition of solutions directly utilisable by the cell has led to the manufactur of substances with a composition and physico-chemical nature which greatly alters H+ ions balance. Theoretical calculation and various experimental protocois have shown that the ... | 24,390 | [
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[Metabolic problems associated with ethanol administration]. | After reviewing the effects of ethanol on different metabolic processes, the author defines the doses of this alcohol which may be used in parenteral alimentation, its advantages and disadvantages. The latter in general outweigh the advantages and limit its use in parenteral nutrition. | 24,391 | [
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Stability and blood level determinations of cefaclor, a new oral cephalosporin antibiotic. | Cefaclor solutions in pH 2.5 and 4.5 buffers contained at least 90% of their initial activity after 72 h at 4 degrees C. Samples in pH 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0 buffers contained 70, 46, and 34%, respectively, of their initial activity after 72 h at 4 degrees C. After 72 h at 25 degrees C, samples prepared with pH 2.5, 4.5, 6.... | 24,410 | [
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Allergic angiitis and granulomatosis. Prolonged remission induced by combined prednisone--azathioprine therapy. | Two patients with acute, rapidly progressive generalized vasculitis initially had symptoms of asthma. Progressive increase in severity of asthma was followed by systemic disease, including pulmonary infiltrative disease, mononeuritis multiplex, and abdominal pain. Examination of the tissues demonstrated vasculitis with... | 24,429 | [
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Partial purification and characterization of a pyruvate dehydrogenase-complex-inactivating enzyme from rat liver. | An enzyme inactivating the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (inactivase) was purified about 8000-fold from rat liver by differential centrifugation, acid extraction of a lysosomerich 25000 g pellet, acetone fractionation, and adsorption on calcium phosphate gel. By exclusion chromatography on Sephadex G-100 a molecular w... | 24,442 | [
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Renal tubular function in normal pregnancy. | Maternal plasma and urine concentrations of beta2- microglobulin and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (EC:2.3.2.2) were measured serially in normal pregnancy. These parameters remained constant throughout and can therefore be used to evaluate tubular function in pregnancies complicated by renal disorders. | 24,460 | [
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Spin-trapping of the trichloromethyl radical produced during enzymic NADPH oxidation in the presence of carbon tetrachloride or bromotrichloromethane. | Utilizing the spin-trapping agent phenyl-t-butyl nitrone, a free radical has been detected which is produced from carbon tetrachloride or bromotrichloromethane during the enzymic oxidation of NADPH by rat liver microsomes. The presence of NADPH is obligatory for generation of the radical. The formation of the trichloro... | 24,480 | [
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[Cardiomyopathies]. | A) Definition and classification. Cardiomyopathy is defined as a dysfunction of cardiac muscle of unknown origin and classified according to genetic, morphological and functional criteria as follows: 1. cardiomyopathy of autosomal dominant inheritance with asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) a) obstructive b) non obstr... | 24,578 | [
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Endocoagulation: a new and completely safe medical current for sterilization. | Tubal sterilization via pelviscopy with low current represents a unique method: the risk of high-frequency is thereby eliminated, and the application of the Crocodile-Forceps is relatively simple. The mouth of the Crocodile-Forceps grasps the tube under pelviscopic control. Tubal coagulation succeeds under electronic c... | 24,602 | [
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Metropolitan jail psychiatric clinic: a year's experience. | The behavioral, demographic and psychiatric characteristics of 524 inmates examined over a one year period in a metropolitan jail psychiatric treatment clinic are described. The psychiatric problems were sufficiently acute that over one-third of all patients were examined and treated within 24 hours of booking. Two psy... | 24,617 | [
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Purification and properties of mosquito DNA polymerase. | For the first time, DNA polymerase in a postembryonic insect has been purified and characterized. This enzyme from mosquito larvae was purified 1700-fold and was free of deoxyribonuclease and protease activities, which hindered previous investigations of insect polymerases. The enzyme had a molecular weight of 132,000 ... | 24,632 | [
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... |
Purification and properties of an NADPH-dependent 21-oxo-20-hydroxysteroid reductase (17beta-aldol reductase) from sheep liver. Isolation of the 20beta-glycol product. | This investigation was undertaken to test the hypothesis that steroidal 20-hydroxy-21-aldehydes are intermediates in an alternative pathway of corticosteroid metabolism leading to steroidal 20,21-diols. A NADPH-dependent 21-oxo-20-hydroxysteroid reductase which catalyzed the reduction of 11beta,17,20beta-trihydroxy-3-k... | 24,635 | [
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... |
Differential inhibition of glutamine and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetases by alpha-alkyl analogs of methionine sulfoximine that induce convulsions. | The alpha-methyl and alpha-ethyl analogs of methionine sulfoximine, like methionine sulfoximine, induce convulsions in mice and inhibit glutamine synthetase irreversibly; alpha-ethylmethionine sulfoximine is approximately 50% as inhibitory as methionine sulfoximine and alpha-methylmethionine sulfoximine. However, where... | 24,637 | [
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Circling behaviour in the rat following unilateral injections of p-chlorophenylalanine and ethanolamine-O-sulphate into the substantia nigra. | Circling behaviour following the unilateral intranigral injection of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transaminase inhibitor ethanolamine-O-sulphate, (EOS), or the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor p-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA) was compared, both for spontaneous circling and for circling induced by apomorphine administ... | 24,688 | [
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Possible differences in alpha-adrenoceptors in rabbit ileum and spleen. | In isolated tissues from reserpinized rabbits (5 mg kg-1, i.m. 20 h before experiment) and in the presence of cocaine (3 x 10(-5) M), corticosterone (2.8 x 10(-5)M), tropolone (3 x 10(-5) M), propranolol (4 x 10(-5)M) and disodium EDTA (3 X 10(-5)M), the potency ratios (relative to (-)-noradrenaline) of (-)adrenaline, ... | 24,690 | [
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Aggregation of antidepressant drugs in aqueous solution. | Light scattering, conductivity and pH methods have been used to examine the aggregation in aqueous solution of a series of antidepressant drugs. The drugs investigated included the hydrochlorides of amitriptyline, butriptyline, protriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, desipramine, clomipramine, dothiepin, dibenzepin, ... | 24,692 | [
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0.1842997,... |
The effect of various topical antibiotic and antibacterial agents on the middle and inner ear of the guinea-pig. | The topical application of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents is used to reduce inflammation of the middle ear mucosa and irradicate infection. Many of the antibiotic and anti-inflammatory preparations so used contain compounds known to be or are potentially ototoxic. Eighteen antibiotic, antibacterial, antifunga... | 24,712 | [
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0.0855264,
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Chloride conductance of the amphiuma red cell membrane. | Like most other red cells, the giant erythrocytes of Amphiuma means possess a system for rapid exchange of chloride across the membrane. Also, there are indications that the net transport of chloride in these cells is slow. The size of Amphiuma erythrocytes allows direct measurements of membrane potential with microele... | 24,748 | [
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Resistance to Marek's disease. Effect of Corynebacterium parvum and Marek's tumor cell vaccines on tumorigenesis in chickens. | A study of nonspecific stimulation of the avian immune system with Corynebacterium parvum and specific stimulation with Marek's tumor cell vaccines revealed that nonspecifically stimulated outbred White Leghorn-type cockerels had higher incidences of tumors than did controls. A study of tumor cell cytotoxicity of sera ... | 24,754 | [
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... |
The inhibitory effect of papaverine on respiration-dependent contracture of guinea pig taenia coli in high-K medium. I. The relationship between contracture and respiration. | Papaverine (Pap) inhibited a tonic tension development in guinea pig taenia coli induced by an elevation of the potassium concentration of the medium to 40 mM (40-K). The ID50 of Pap was 4.5 x 10(-6) M. Inhibition of the 40-K induced tonic tension by Pap was dependent on the calculated concentration of non-ionized form... | 24,778 | [
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... |
[Stationary kinetics of catalysis by the hydrogenase of Thiocapsa roseopersicina]. | Forward and reverse reactions of catalysis by a hydrogenase from T. roseopersicina in steady state have been investigated. The dependance of reaction rate on the concentration of substrates and of hydrogen ions has been studied. Detailed formal-kinetic analysis of possible mechanisms of enzyme action has been carried o... | 24,804 | [
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[Treatment of acute asthma. Comparison of the effectiveness of corticosteroids and of a combination of corticosteroids and an adrenergic beta-stimulant (author's transl)]. | Two comparable groups of patients hospitalised for acute asthma received an intravenous infusion for two hours, containing corticosteroids in the first group and corticosteroids combined with an adrenergic beta-stimulant in the second. Course was assessed by the hourly measurement of forced expiratory volumen in one se... | 24,829 | [
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0.0592623... |
Choosing a drug regimen for obstructive pulmonary disease. 1. Agents to achieve bronchodilatation. | Many patients with pulmonary disease may have significant airflow obstruction. Bronchodilatation is an important aspect of treatment and can be achieved with beta-adrenergic agonists, methylxanthine derivatives, and anticholinergic agents. These can be used singly or in combination, depending on the severity of obstruc... | 24,835 | [
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0.02276841,
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Interaction of human chorionic gonadotropin with membrane components of rat testes. | Previous studies demonstrating that gangliosides interacted with thyrotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) suggested that gangliosides participate in the transduction of the hormonal message across the target cell membrane. As a continuation of these investigations, we examined the effects of down-regulation o... | 24,844 | [
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[Purification and properties of the NADP-specific glutamate dehydrogenase of Candida tropicalis feed yeasts]. | From the cell-free extract of fodder yeast Candida tropicalis NADP-specific glutamate dehydrogenase was isolated and partially purified (75-fold) by means of fractional precipitation by ammonium sulphate and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. The preparation was investigated with the aid of polyacrylamide g... | 24,841 | [
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0.... |
[Hypoglycemic effect of nicotinamide in rats with alloxan diabetes]. | Experimentally-induced alloxan diabetes was characterized in rats by a marked increase in the blood glucose level and by a number of disturbances in the concentration of metabolites and the activity of the enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in the liver. Stimulation of gluconeogenesis in diabetes was judged by reductio... | 24,843 | [
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... |
The role of fibrin formation in the pathogenesis of bacteremic shock in the primate. | In this study, an attempt was made to elucidate further the role of intravascular fibrin formation in the pathogenesis of sepsis in the primate. It was found that injected live Escherichia coli caused death in primates within four to 11 hours as a result of microcirculatory failure and acidosis. Pretreatment with Arvin... | 24,899 | [
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0.2449994,
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Pathology of germ cell tumors of the testis. | Testicular germ cell tumors form a complex group of interrelated entities. Problems of nomenclature remain, but there does appear to be a close agreement between the major classifications in use. The identification of clinically useful markers for certain germ cell testicular tumors has provided a major impetus in this... | 24,912 | [
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Dehydrogenation of indanol by rabbit liver 3-hydroxyhexobarbital dehydrogenase. | 1. Among the several enzyme activities in rabbit liver cytosol able to dehydrogenate 1-indanol, only the main activity was not separable from 3-hydroxyhexobarbital dehydrogenase during purification including polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis. 2. Results of mixed substrate method indicated that the same enzyme cat... | 24,923 | [
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... |
Three years' maintenance neuroleptic treatment in schizophrenia--before and beyond. | A group of patients with schizophrenia, initially 67 patients, was studied over a period of 3 years. After three years 36 out of 67 patients were still on the same depot neuroleptic. The main aim was to describe and compare maintenance neuroleptic therapy using two depot neuroleptics, fluphenazine decanoate and pipotia... | 24,981 | [
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0.438063,
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The nature of the renal response to chronic disorders of acid-base equilibrium. | The rate of acid excretion by the kidney appears to be determined by factors regulating the site and the rate of sodium reabsorption, rather than by a homeostatic mechanism that responds to systemic pH. This hypothesis, although unconventional, is supported by much experimental evidence, and it accounts for a wide vari... | 25,016 | [
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Biochemical tests for the detection of alcoholism: comparison of plasma alpha-amino-n-butyric acid with other available tests. | The measurement of AANB relative to leucine was found to be a useful biochemical test for the detection of chronic alcohol consumption. This test, in combination with GGTP determinations, provided a sensitive means of detection (81% positive) for chronic alcohol consumption with a minimum of false positive determinatio... | 25,029 | [
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Arterialized capillary blood used to determine the acid-base and blood gas status of dogs. | Blood samples were collected by microhematocrit tube from posterior medial margin of the shaved, but otherwise untreated, canine ear. Acid-base and blood gas values of these samples were compared with the values of samples obtained simultaneously from the carotid artery. The arterialized nature of capillary blood from ... | 25,031 | [
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Clear, defined medium for the sporulation of Clostridium perfringens. | A new, defined medium for the sporulation of Clostridium perfringens is presented. Sporulation levels exceeding 10(6) to 10(7) heat-resistant spores per ml were obtained for seven strains: PS49, PS52, FD-1, T-65, NCTC strains 8798, 8238, and 10240. In the presence of theophylline, a methylxanthine, higher levels of hea... | 25,045 | [
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... |
Poly(adenosine dephosphate ribose) metabolism and regulation of myocardial cell growth by oxygen. | Control of the rate of cardiac cell division by oxygen occurs most probably by altering the redox state of a control substance, e.g. NAD(+)right harpoon over left harpoonNADH. NAD(+) (and not NADH) forms poly(ADP-ribose), an inhibitor of DNA synthesis, in a reaction catalysed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Lower parti... | 25,065 | [
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0.... |
Fazadinium in anaesthesia. | The clinical use of the neuromuscular blocking agent fazadinium was investigated in a survey of 500 patients. Rapid conditions for tracheal intubation followed by excellent relaxation and easy antagonism were obtained. It is suggested that these findings commend it as an alternative to suxamethonium. Tachycardia appear... | 25,077 | [
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0.09903... |
The kinetics and equilibria of squirrel-fish hemoglobin. A Root effect hemoglobin complicated by large subunit heterogeneity. | The functional properties of squirrel-fish hemoglobin have been measured by studying ligand binding equilibria and kinetics. The results show that squirrel-fish hemoglobin has a Root effect with a corresponding stabilization of the low affinity state. The properties of this state are pH dependent even in the absence of... | 25,086 | [
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A protease-like permeability factor in the guinea pig skin. 1. Partial purification and characterization. | A permeability factor was extracted in a latent form from guinea pig skin and separated by ammonium sulfate fractionation into the pseudoglobulin fraction (30--50% saturation). The activation of the latent form of the permeability factor seemed to be caused in the desalting step by gel filtration with Sephadex G-50. Th... | 25,092 | [
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Effects of a new selective beta1-adrenoceptor agonist on amylase secretion from the rat parotid gland. | The effects of a new selective beta1-adrenoceptor agonist, (--)-1-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)-3-isopropyl-amino-propanol-2-hydrochloride (H 133/22), on amylase secretion from the rat parotid gland were investigated in an in vitro system. The results were compared to the secretory responses obtained with noradrenaline, adrenalin... | 25,100 | [
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Enzymatic determination of blood ethanol, with amperometric measurement of rate of oxygen depletion. | A rapid electrochemical measurement of blood ethanol is proposed. Alcohol is oxidized by NAD+ in the presence of alcohol dehydrogenase; and the NADH produced is aerobically oxidized by horseradish peroxidase. The rate of depletion of buffer-carried oxygen, which is directly proportional to the alcohol concentration in ... | 25,144 | [
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0.03286735... |
Kinetics, salivary excretion of amphetamine isomers, and effect of urinary pH. | Amphetamine was administered to healthy subjects as the racemic mixture and as (+)- and (-)-isomers under conditions of urine acidification and alkalinization. Plasma and saliva concentration of each isomer was measured and the kinetics of the individual isomers were determined. (+)-amphetamine was eliminated more rapi... | 25,157 | [
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Loxapine: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy as an antipsychotic agent. | Loxapine is a dibenzoxazepine, tricyclic compound recommended for the treatment of acute and chronic schizophrenia. In its therapeutic effectiveness and profile and incidence of side-effects, loxapine closely resembles the traditional antipsychotic agents. Although loxapine has tended to be less effective than some sta... | 25,167 | [
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Synthesis and biological activity of ovine beta-lipotropin-(41--91)-henkaipentekontapeptide. | The 51-residue peptide ovine beta-lipotropin-(41--91) has been synthesized by the solid-phase method in about 5% overall yield. The synthetic product was characterized by partition chromatography on agarose gel, thin-layer chromatography in two solvent systems, paper electrophoresis at two pH values, polyacrylamide gel... | 25,245 | [
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Characterization of impurities in sulfasalazine. | The chemical structures of four impurities isolated from sulfasalazine were determined. Three impurities are the by-products of the reaction process in drug synthesis, i.e., during diazotization of sulfapyridine and during coupling with salicylic acid. Only one contaminant was identified as a starting material, sulfapy... | 25,326 | [
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0.2308997,
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-0.03187921,
-0.2370613,
-0.2296715,
-0.04855726,
-0.08992314,
0.2208219,
-0.2698745,
0.00386411,
0.2409445,
0.3318629,
0.07216047,
0.2185775,
-0.07157101,
... |
In vitro evaluation of three commercial sustained-release papaverine hydrochloride products. | Three commercial sustained-release papaverine hydrochloride products in the form of microencapsulated pellets were evaluated. Three different dissolution apparatuses were used: a continuous flow apparatus, the USP rotating basket apparatus, and a modified reciprocating basket apparatus. The frequency rate of the recipr... | 25,329 | [
-0.2488264,
0.118797,
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0.05509124,
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0.4203619,
0.02974802,
0.162553... |
Prodrug approaches to enhancement of physicochemical properties of drugs IX: acetaminophen prodrug. | The synthesis, hydrolysis rate, and bioavailability of 1-(p-acetaminophenoxy)-1-ethoxyethane, an acetaminophen prodrug, are described. The prodrug is less soluble than acetaminophen and stable at neutral pH. However, in an acidic environment, the compound cleaves rapidly, generating acetaminophen. When both the prodrug... | 25,330 | [
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0.0100393,
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... |
Nucleoside transport in mammalian cell membranes. IV. Organomercurials and organomercurial-mercaptonucleoside complexes as probes for nucleoside transport systems in hamster cells. | Organomercurials form stable stoichiometric complexes with thiolated nucleosides. The complexes inhibited uptake of ribonucleosides and cytosine arabinoside (CAR) in various types of normal and transformed cells. The inhibition was competitive and reversible (Ki = 3--6 micrometer). The interaction between complexes and... | 25,341 | [
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... |
Current-voltage relationships for the plasma membrane and its principal electrogenic pump in Neurospora crassa: I. Steady-state conditions. | The nonlinear membrane current-voltage relationship (I-V curve) for intact hyphae of Neurospora crassa has been determined by means of a 3-electrode voltage-clamp technique, plus "quasi-linear" cable theory. Under normal conditions of growth and respiration, the membrane I-V curve is best described as a parabolic segme... | 25,343 | [
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... |
[Use of beta-adrenergic blockaders in the treatment of arterial hypertension]. | The results of treatment of over 300 patients suffering from hypertensive disease with beta-blocking agents Obsidan and Visken are analysed and the place of these agents among other hypotensive drugs is discussed. The therapeutic effect was most evident in patients with the early stages of the disease and hyperkinetic ... | 25,351 | [
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... |
Submandibular salivary pH as a diagnostic aid for prognosis of facial palsy. | The present paper aims at introducing a new method of testing the function of the chorda tympani with the aid of submandibular salivary pH. This method has several advantages: (1.) it enables the measurement of the function of only the paralyzed side; (2.) it accurately predicts the outcome of facial palsy at an early ... | 25,361 | [
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0.03126013,
0.4744273,
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0.0235... |
Substrate binding to solubilized cytochrome P-450 from rabbits at different temperatures. | The binding affinities of selected type I- and type II-substrates to partially purified cytochrome p-450 from rabbit liver microsomes were studied and found to differ from those of rats. The temperature dependence of the apparent binding constants qualitatively exhibited the same characteristics compared with that of r... | 25,548 | [
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0.09929001,
0.3287913,
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0.1... |
Acid-base status during reconstructive surgery of the abdominal aorta. | Abolition of a temporary occlusion of the circulation in the legs during surgical reconstruction of the abdominal aorta generally exerts but little influence on the patient's acid-base status. The changes in acid-base status can be corrected by the patient himself. Routine administration of sodium bicarbonate or Tham i... | 25,556 | [
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0.1606783,
0.09693815,
0.1438083,
0.1757642... |
Relationship between adrenergic blocking and antihypertensive effects of beta receptor antagonists. | In hypertensive patients, whose blood pressure was decreased by racemic propranololthe dextrorotatory isomer had no antihypertensive effect. The differences in antihypertensive activity of racemic and dextrorotatory propranolol cannot be explained by different plasma levels; the data indicate that the hypotensive effec... | 25,567 | [
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0.1869646,
0.0659536,
0.07525618,
0.0004587115,
0.2229903,
-0.1657976... |
Cardiac pacemakers in absence of the SA node: responses to exercise and autonomic blockade. | Surgical excision of the sinoatrial node, verified histologically, is followed by a supraventricular (atrial) rhythm in both resting and exercising dog whether anesthetized or conscious. The ECG is characterized by a definitive P wave and associated atrial electrograms. Waxing and waning in heart rate, generally referr... | 25,585 | [
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0.2864406,
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... |
Characterization of cell wall polymers secreted into the growth medium of lysis-defective pneumococci during treatment with penicillin and other inhibitors of cell wall synthesis. | Autolysin-defective pneumococci secrete large quantities of choline-containing cell wall polymers into the growth medium during treatment with inhibitors of peptidoglycan synthesis. The secreted polymers were separated into three fractions by a combination of gel filtration on agarose and sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel ele... | 25,618 | [
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0.3026082,
0.5221785,
0.02934939,
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... |
Physiology of L-asparaginase synthesis in recombinants of Escherichia coli A-1. | A mating between Escherichia coli 4318 (thi leu Las- Hfr) and E. coli A-1 (Met- Las+ F-) resulted in the formation of prototrophic recombinants having L-asparaginase activities at three distinct levels. The physiology of L-asparaginase synthesis in these recombinants is decribed. One class of recombinants produced sign... | 25,625 | [
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0.05571048,
0.1759027,
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0.07246832,
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0.2995956,
0.2831171,
0.3843181,
-0.3693773,
... |
Inhibition of experimental immediate hypersensitivity reactions by a novel xanthone, RU 31156. | RU 31156, the tris-(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane salt of 7-(S-methylsulphonimidoyl)-5-(n-hexyl)-xanthen-9-one-2-carboxylic acid has been found to be a potent inhibitor of experimental immediate hypersensitivity reactions in vivo. In the IgE-mediated rat PCA test, RU 31156 had an ED50 of 0.0046 (00037--0.0057) mg/kg whic... | 25,634 | [
0.04119299,
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0.1979413,
0.09431139,
0.2899761,
-0.074987... |
Chemical and enzymic studies on the characterization of intermediates during the removal of the 14alpha-methyl group in cholesterol biosynthesis. The use of 32-functionalized lanostane derivatives. | By using cell-free preparations of rat liver it was shown that the removal of the 14alpha-methyl group (C-32) of steroids containing either a delta7(8) or a delta8(9) double bond is attended exclusively by the formation of the corresponding 7,14- and 8,14-dienes respectively (structures of types III and VIII). Cumulati... | 25,646 | [
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0.03812721,
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0.7558239,
0.1685579,
0.4311167,
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0.... |
The biochemical pathway for the breakdown of N4-ethyl-L-asparagine in the bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri. | N4-Ethyl-L-[u-14C]asparagine and L-[U-14C]aspartate give identical metabolites, mainly intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and related amino acids, in whole cells of Pseudomonas stutzeri. The labelled asparagine derivative is converted into [14C]-aspartate by cell-free extracts, and this reaction, which has a... | 25,650 | [
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0.4735876,
0.1762282,
0.2139765,
0.3707448,
0.5799716,
0.006187662,... |
Characterization of marrow granulocyte development: enzyme-specific activity profiles in response to inflammatory reactions. | Isopycnic sedimentation has been used to separate granulocytes of varying stages of maturity from the bone marrows of normal rabbits and rabbits stimulated to undergo an intense inflammatory response. The separated cell populations were in turn utilized to study the specific activities of six intracellular enzymes. The... | 25,666 | [
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0.3954242,
0.3284546,
-0.1209529,
0.1088279... |
Nonenzymatic hydrolysis reactions of adenosine 5'-triphosphate and its related compounds. III: Catalytic aspects of some cobalt(III) complexes in ATP-hydrolysis. | Trichlorodiethylenetriaminecobalt (III), [CoCl3dien], which is provided with three good leaving ligands and, hence, capable of binding ATP in a characteristic mode, accelerated effectively and specifically hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and Pi. A kinetic study of the reaction indicated that the rate of hydrolysis was first o... | 25,675 | [
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0.0412397,
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0.3251174,
0.01061914,
0.2405539,
0.538391,
0.107461,
-0.149123,
0.270520... |
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