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In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the person names from the question if present. B denotes the first item of a phrase and an I any non-initial word. Phrase used for the person name - PER. There can be instances with no person name entity, then return 'None'.
Input: Consider Input: Beschermer Amazonewoud opgepakt wegens afpersing
Output: None
Input: Consider Input: Zij hebben een uitgeversbedrijf , televisie en drukkerijen en hebben bovendien nog een participatie in internet via Ubizen ( de Leuvense specialist in internetbeveiliging , nvdr ) .
Output: None
Input: Consider Input: Op het departement Onderwijs reageert men veeleer negatief op de ideeën van de informaticacoördinatoren .
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Output: None
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task1545_conll2002_person_name_extraction_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 2
|
train
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the person names from the question if present. B denotes the first item of a phrase and an I any non-initial word. Phrase used for the person name - PER. There can be instances with no person name entity, then return 'None'.
De belle van het bal is Hillary
Solution: Hillary: B-PER, Clinton: I-PER
Why? In the given sentence, Hillary is identified as the person name, which is correct.
New input: Van onze verslaggever
Solution:
|
None
|
task1545_conll2002_person_name_extraction_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 0
|
train
|
Q: In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the person names from the question if present. B denotes the first item of a phrase and an I any non-initial word. Phrase used for the person name - PER. There can be instances with no person name entity, then return 'None'.
" Ik ben benieuwd of er deze keer over Big Brother dezelfde parlementaire vragen gesteld zullen worden en of de adverteerders nu ook zullen zeggen of dat ze rond dit programma niet willen adverteren , zoals dat bij Jerry Springer op VT4 het geval was " , vraagt Carlo Gepts zich af .
A:
|
Jerry: B-PER, Springer: I-PER, Carlo: B-PER, Gepts: I-PER
|
task1545_conll2002_person_name_extraction_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 7
|
train
|
Instructions: In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the person names from the question if present. B denotes the first item of a phrase and an I any non-initial word. Phrase used for the person name - PER. There can be instances with no person name entity, then return 'None'.
Input: Bange dagen voor ' Afrikaanse Pinochet '
Output:
|
Pinochet: B-PER
|
task1545_conll2002_person_name_extraction_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
instruction:
In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the person names from the question if present. B denotes the first item of a phrase and an I any non-initial word. Phrase used for the person name - PER. There can be instances with no person name entity, then return 'None'.
question:
Vandenbroucke wou als rechtstreekse voorbereiding op de Tour eigenlijk liever de Dauphiné ( 4 - 11 juni ) en de Route du Sud ( 17 - 20 juni ) rijden in plaats van de door de ploeg vooropstelde Ronde van Luxemburg ( 8 - 11 juni ) en de Ronde van Zwitserland ( 13 tot 22 juni ) .
answer:
Vandenbroucke: B-PER
question:
Vervolgens had de jury , onder voorzitterschap van b0b Van Reeth , de vijf bovengenoemde ontwerpers uitgenodigd om met elkaar in competitie te gaan .
answer:
b0b: B-PER, Van: I-PER, Reeth: I-PER
question:
Dan Jaap Stam .
answer:
|
Jaap: B-PER, Stam: I-PER
|
task1545_conll2002_person_name_extraction_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
Q: In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the person names from the question if present. B denotes the first item of a phrase and an I any non-initial word. Phrase used for the person name - PER. There can be instances with no person name entity, then return 'None'.
Op jaarbasis verbruiken de Spoorwegen 1,4 miljard kilowattuur , wat hen één van de grootste klanten van Electrabel maakt .
A:
|
None
|
task1545_conll2002_person_name_extraction_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 7
|
train
|
Instructions: In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the person names from the question if present. B denotes the first item of a phrase and an I any non-initial word. Phrase used for the person name - PER. There can be instances with no person name entity, then return 'None'.
Input: Ik heb Branko ook gerustgesteld want ik weet welke druk het op je schouders kan leggen als je een ploegmaat uit de basis houdt .
Output:
|
Branko: B-PER
|
task1545_conll2002_person_name_extraction_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the person names from the question if present. B denotes the first item of a phrase and an I any non-initial word. Phrase used for the person name - PER. There can be instances with no person name entity, then return 'None'.
PROBLEM: Traditioneel afstandsonderwijs dat gebruikmaakt van zelfstudiepakketten kan in sommige gevallen een hulp zijn .
SOLUTION: None
PROBLEM: " Archeobotanisch en - zoölogisch onderzoek wees uit dat de bewoners toen vooral fruit , brood , schaap , vis en rund of varken hebben gegeten .
SOLUTION: None
PROBLEM: Met die gegevens voor ogen , is het niet houdbaar om , zoals Johan Cruijff vol te houden : ' Strafschoppen , dat is geen voetbal , dat is psychologie en daar kun je niet op trainen . '
SOLUTION:
|
Johan: B-PER, Cruijff: I-PER
|
task1545_conll2002_person_name_extraction_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 8
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the person names from the question if present. B denotes the first item of a phrase and an I any non-initial word. Phrase used for the person name - PER. There can be instances with no person name entity, then return 'None'.
See one example below:
Problem: De belle van het bal is Hillary
Solution: Hillary: B-PER, Clinton: I-PER
Explanation: In the given sentence, Hillary is identified as the person name, which is correct.
Problem: Algemeen
Solution:
|
None
|
task1545_conll2002_person_name_extraction_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 4
|
test
|
In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the person names from the question if present. B denotes the first item of a phrase and an I any non-initial word. Phrase used for the person name - PER. There can be instances with no person name entity, then return 'None'.
Q: Allianz AG wil een internetportaal
A:
|
None
|
task1545_conll2002_person_name_extraction_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 4
|
validation
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
Given a paragraph and a claim, classify it this way: If the claim contradicts the evidence present in the paragraph, classify the claim as '0'. If the claim has multiple supporting *AND* contradicting evidences, classify the claim as '1'. If the claim has supporting evidence and the paragraph is in overall favor of the claim, then classify the claim as '2'.
Paragraph: Frates is fighting back from a summer health scare that landed him in the hospital while still trying to be a public face of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS, a degenerative disease that destroys nerve cells, impairs physical functions and so far has no cure. The former Boston College baseball star, who can no longer speak or move, spent most of July in the hospital battling pneumonia and other infections. In July, a tweet erroneously reporting his demise led to worldwide headlines. Frates wryly countered by posting a short video of himself lying in a hospital bed with Pearl Jam’s “Alive” playing in the background. Using a computer system that lets him type out words through eye movements, Frates has been tweeting about his progress to his nearly 30,000 followers, along with regular musings about his family and friends, living with ALS and Boston sports. “lots of down days as you can imagine with als, sometimes you don’t feel human,” he tweeted Sept. 23. “Today I am definitely feeling sorry for myself, sukxx. but I will bounce back. Eff! you als.. Friggin a hole! !” In the weeks since his July health scare, the 32-year-old has re-emerged to accept honors and accolades across his home state of Massachusetts. Last month, he joined Boston Mayor Marty Walsh, Red Sox officials and the Boston College baseball team on the steps of City Hall to declare Sept. 5 “Pete Frates Day” in Boston. And former Red Sox slugger David Ortiz and other Boston sports legends feted Frates at Fenway Park to mark the release of a new book on his life, “The Ice Bucket Challenge: Pete Frates and the Fight Against ALS.” Half the proceeds benefit Frates and his family. Frates’ wife, Julie, said it’s been a difficult and busy few months, but she couldn’t persuade her husband to slow things down even if she wanted to. “He’s the one pushing to be out there,” she said. “We take all the lead from him.” The ice bucket challenge had been around for almost a year to benefit various causes. But Frates is credited with helping focus it on ALS specifically and taking it global using his wide network of supporters as an established ALS advocate. The challenge raised roughly $220 million in 2014, of which $115 million went to the ALS Association. A sequel campaign the next summer raised just over $1 million, according to the association. The ALS Association says it has committed more than $89 million of the 2014 windfall to research. “New, exciting research is just starting to pan out, and that’s drawing new talent to ALS research, and a lot of companies are now interested in ALS,” said Dr. Nazem Atassi, a Massachusetts General Hospital neurologist whose ALS research benefited from ice bucket challenge money. “It’s the perfect environment for drug discovery.” Among the most promising developments to come out of research funded by the challenge has been the identification of at least four genes that contribute to the disease, a critical step toward developing new treatments, said Kevin Eggan, a professor at Harvard University who specializes in ALS. Another development that gives the Frates family hope is Radicava, a drug approved in May by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration following testimony from the Frates and other advocates. It’s the first new treatment approved specifically for ALS in 22 years. Frates’ mother, Nancy, said they’re applying to get her son on the drug, even though it’s not clear how it might help, given his advanced condition. The medication, which was developed in Japan without funding from the ice bucket challenge, has been shown to slow the disease in recently diagnosed patients. “You just want it to stop,” Nancy said. “You want someone to say this disease is not tearing through your loved one’s body anymore.” ALS is still finding new ways to attack Frates, said his father, John, a city councilor in Beverly who quit his financial services job to help care for his son after he was diagnosed in 2012. Frates’ bladder stopped working last year, requiring his urine now to be drained with a catheter every three hours, John Frates said. “It’s amazing he’s tolerating all of it. It just shows the courage, will and determination he has to be with us,” Frates’ father said. “He’s as incapacitated as a human being can be. That’s his quality of life.” ___ Follow Philip Marcelo at twitter.com/philmarcelo. His work can be found at https://www.apnews.com/search/philip%20marcelo Claim: ALS patient behind ice bucket challenge: I will bounce back.
Output:
|
2
|
task1366_healthfact_classification
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 1
|
train
|
Instructions: Given a paragraph and a claim, classify it this way: If the claim contradicts the evidence present in the paragraph, classify the claim as '0'. If the claim has multiple supporting *AND* contradicting evidences, classify the claim as '1'. If the claim has supporting evidence and the paragraph is in overall favor of the claim, then classify the claim as '2'.
Input: Paragraph: Maxwell, 31, started the Australian summer season in strong form when he hit 62 runs off just 28 balls against Sri Lanka on Sunday and executed a run-out from near the Adelaide Oval boundary. Australia won that match by 134 runs and the second on Wednesday by nine wickets, when Maxwell wasn’t required to bat, to clinch the three-match series. Maxwell met with Cricket Australia staff on Wednesday, and is expected to miss the rest of the T20 internationals against Sri Lanka on Friday in Melbourne and against Pakistan in three matches next week. Team psychologist Dr. Michael Lloyd said Thursday that Maxwell “has been experiencing some difficulties with regards to his mental health. As a result, he will spend a short time away from the game ... Glenn was proactive in identifying these issues and engaging with support staff.” Australia coach Justin Langer said he approached Maxwell before Sunday’s match. “There’s been a few times over the last 12 months where I’ve probably suspected that he’s been battling a little bit,” Langer said. “The day before the game in Adelaide he didn’t seem to have his normal zip and enthusiasm, although he still worked hard. “People in public positions have to put on a mask and that’s the mask he puts on. He’s the great entertainer, but underneath the mask I could probably just sense he wasn’t quite right.” D’Arcy Short has been chosen as a replacement player and will join the Australian T20 squad on Friday ahead of the final Sri Lanka match. ___ More AP cricket: www.apnews.com/cricket and https://twitter.com/AP_Sports Claim: Cricketer Maxwell to take break due to mental health issues.
Output:
|
2
|
task1366_healthfact_classification
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Definition: Given a paragraph and a claim, classify it this way: If the claim contradicts the evidence present in the paragraph, classify the claim as '0'. If the claim has multiple supporting *AND* contradicting evidences, classify the claim as '1'. If the claim has supporting evidence and the paragraph is in overall favor of the claim, then classify the claim as '2'.
Input: Paragraph: The state health department said Friday the case was confirmed in a man over 50 from West Warwick. It’s the first human case in Rhode Island since 2010. State environmental officials said Thursday a six-month-old horse tested positive for the virus in Westerly. Mosquitoes carrying the disease have been found in Westerly and Central Falls. Ana Novais, the health department’s deputy director, says there’s a high risk for transmission of the disease to humans through mosquito bites. She recommends taking extra precautions to prevent bites. In neighboring Massachusetts, there have been four confirmed human cases of the virus this year, one of them fatal. The virus can cause brain infections. Claim: Man in Rhode Island tests positive for rare equine virus.
Output:
|
2
|
task1366_healthfact_classification
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 2
|
train
|
Teacher:Given a paragraph and a claim, classify it this way: If the claim contradicts the evidence present in the paragraph, classify the claim as '0'. If the claim has multiple supporting *AND* contradicting evidences, classify the claim as '1'. If the claim has supporting evidence and the paragraph is in overall favor of the claim, then classify the claim as '2'.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Paragraph: "A Facebook user declared, ""I’m starting a public movement called TAKE IT OFF,"" in attempting a six-point takedown of facial coverings and how effective they are in fighting COVID-19. The post features an image labeled ""Face Mask Safety — Know The Facts Before You Wear One."" The image makes this six-part claim about masks: ""Decreases oxygen intake; increases toxin inhalation; shuts down immune system; increases virus risk; scientifically inaccurate; effectiveness not studied."" The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) ""Well, that all sounds like a lot of dangerous nonsense,"" Texas A&M University-Texarkana virologist Ben Neuman told PolitiFact. As we’ve reported, facial coverings are not in themselves totally effective in fighting the coronavirus and there is a need for more study. But health officials largely agree that wearing any kind of face mask, coupled with social distancing and frequent hand-washing, is more protective than going unmasked. While the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention doesn’t recommend masks for children under age 2 or for people who are unconscious or have breathing conditions, it generally recommends wearing masks in public settings where other social distancing measures are difficult to maintain, such as grocery stores, pharmacies, and gas stations. As the CDC puts it: ""Your cloth face covering may protect them. Their cloth face covering may protect you."" Here’s a rundown on why each part of the post is wrong. ""Breathing through a mask decreases the amount of oxygen we need to live & be healthy, increases blood acidity & makes breathing difficult."" A mask does not reduce oxygen intake nor does it make blood more acidic, virologist Angela Rasmussen, a research scientist at Columbia University, told PolitiFact. Neuman said a mask ""will add some resistance to the breathing process, meaning it may feel like it takes a bit more work to take a breath, but it won't materially change the makeup of air that comes through the mask."" ""Toxins that we normally exhale as we breathe become trapped in the mask and re-inhaled into the lungs, increasing symptoms."" Repeated, long-term usage of the same unwashed mask could potentially lead to bacteria accumulating on the inside, which is why paper masks shouldn’t be reused and cloth masks should be laundered with soap between uses, Rasmussen said. ""However, there’s no reason to worry about ‘toxins,’’ she said. ""The only potentially toxic molecule that you routinely exhale is carbon dioxide, which is only toxic when it displaces oxygen,"" and it easily passes through the mask. Neuman also said carbon dioxide would not be trapped by a mask. ""Decreases oxygen intake, increases carbon dioxide & toxin intake putting body under stress, releasing cortisol & shutting down immune processes."" Not true. ""There’s no decreased oxygen or increased carbon dioxide from normal breathing while wearing a mask, and no evidence that masks have any effect on the immune system or immune function,"" Rasmussen said. Inhaling high levels of carbon dioxide is dangerous, but this is very unlikely to happen from wearing a cloth face mask — especially if you’re only wearing it for short periods of time, according to the Cleveland Clinic. There are studies that show that medical N95 respirators may result in increased carbon dioxide, which can lead to headaches and fatigue. This is one reason they're not recommended for home use,"" University of San Francisco research scientist Jeremy Howard told PolitiFact. ""Cloth masks, on the other hand, have excellent breathability and the same problems have not been demonstrated with them."" A USA Today fact-check said a similar claim, that masks weaken the immune system, was . ""Encourages triggering & infection from dormant retro viruses already in the body, taking advantage of a weakened immune system due to mask wearing."" Masks can be effective in preventing the spread of COVID-19 because COVID-19 spreads mainly from person to person through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, according to the CDC. The droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs. ""It’s absurd to think that masks would ‘trigger’ their activation and cause disease, especially since mask-wearing has no effect on immune system function,"" Rasmussen said. ""Virologists measure COVID-19 to be 80-140nm in size making the weave of material masks to be the equivalent of a chain-link fence to a mosquito."" (NM is a reference to the nanometer measure of diameter.) Rasmussen said virus particles are much smaller than the weave of masks, but infected people do not shed individual virus particles into the environment — they shed them in respiratory droplets. Masks prevent most, but not all, of these respiratory droplets from being dispersed into the environment. ""In addition, although we don’t know how many virus particles it takes to cause an infection, it’s almost certainly more than one. So you have to be exposed to enough respiratory droplets containing enough virus to establish an infection to actually become infected. Reducing droplet dispersal by wearing a mask greatly reduces this exposure risk, though it does not eliminate it completely,"" she said. Neuman said there is a growing number of research papers that demonstrate the effectiveness of surgical face masks in preventing transmission of a range of viruses, or demonstrate the effectiveness of face covering in limiting the novel coronavirus spread. ""Absolutely no peer-reviewed studies have been carried out of mask effectiveness within a social environment to control, prevent or eliminate the spread of disease."" Both papers cited by Neuman are published and peer reviewed. One was published in April by the journal Nature and the other on June 11 by the National Academy of Sciences. In terms of being ""within a social environment,"" 246 individuals provided exhaled breath samples in the first study, roughly half with masks and half without; the second study was a review of coronavirus mitigation efforts undertaken in Wuhan, China, Italy and New York City. Said Rasmussen: ""It’s true that to my knowledge masks have not been subjected to a large, randomized clinical trial, but a growing body of evidence does suggest that masks substantially reduce droplet spread."" A Facebook post claimed that wearing masks for the coronavirus ""decreases oxygen intake, increases toxin inhalation, shuts down immune system, increases virus risk, scientifically inaccurate, effectiveness not studied."" There is no evidence to back any of the six parts of the claim." Claim: Wearing masks for the coronavirus “decreases oxygen intake, increases toxin inhalation, shuts down immune system, increases virus risk, scientifically inaccurate, effectiveness not studied.”
Student:
|
0
|
task1366_healthfact_classification
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
Given a paragraph and a claim, classify it this way: If the claim contradicts the evidence present in the paragraph, classify the claim as '0'. If the claim has multiple supporting *AND* contradicting evidences, classify the claim as '1'. If the claim has supporting evidence and the paragraph is in overall favor of the claim, then classify the claim as '2'.
[EX Q]: Paragraph: IndyCar medical director Geoffrey Billows said Thursday a “very limited supply” of vaccines will be available at the medical building near the Indianapolis Motor Speedway museum. He says most insurance companies will cover the cost. Billows encourages concerned fans to get vaccinated before coming to a race expected to attract in excess of 275,000. Measles was once common in the U.S. but gradually became rare after vaccination campaigns that started in the 1960s. The nation is struggling with a high number of cases this year as some families choose not to get vaccinated despite the recommendations of public health experts. At least 20 confirmed cases of mumps also were reported at Indiana University in Bloomington, about 50 miles southwest of Indianapolis. ___ More AP auto racing: https://apnews.com/apf-AutoRacing and https://twitter.com/AP_Sports Claim: Indianapolis 500 officials to offer measles vaccine at race.
[EX A]: 2
[EX Q]: Paragraph: "It is perhaps the most polarizing word in the health care debate: rationing. Countless conservative opponents of the Democrat-backed health care reform plans have used the word. Their argument goes like this: You get government more involved in running health care, you set a goal of reducing costs, and it will inevitably mean rationing of medical services. It's not a long road from there to images of Grandma being denied a life-saving operation as a cost-saving measure. Everyone from former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin to Sen. Chuck Grassley has warned that people have reason to worry about rationing, while Democratic proponents of the plan have dismissed the claims as uninformed fearmongering. The term rationing has become so ubiquitous in the health care debate, we could've chosen to fact-check statements from any number of politicians as a way to talk about this issue. In a separate item, we looked at a claim about rationing from House Republican Leader John Boehner. In this item, we opted for one from Howard Dean, former chairman of the Democratic National Committee, if only because he was so definitive about a subject with a lot of gray. ""Let me just say, A, there's no rationing in any of these bills, so we don't have to worry about that,"" Dean said on ABC's This Week with George Stephanopoulos on Aug. 9. Before we examine his specific claim, let's look at the criticisms that have led to charges of rationing. The critics have often focused on two areas of the health plan to back up their accusations. The first is a proposal to expand comparative effectiveness research. That's a bureaucratic way of saying the government would do studies to find out which medical treatments and medications work better than others, and which are most cost-effective. The idea is that this would help doctors and patients make better informed decisions about the most effective treatment strategies. It's also expected to save money over time. Some opponents, however, claim the government would use findings from this research to ration care. We looked into this issue in detail and concluded that claim is . Other opponents of the plan have pointed to the Obama administration's proposal for an Independent Medicare Advisory Council (IMAC). The board would make annual recommendations for changing federal payments for various services covered by Medicare, as well as recommendations on ways to reform the Medicare delivery system. Michael Cannon, a health policy expert with the Cato Institute, a libertarian think tank, argues that price controls recommended by IMAC's unelected board amount to implicit rationing. Judith A. Stein, director of the Center for Medicare Advocacy, a group that helps seniors get care under the federal program, doesn't agree. Stein is no fan of IMAC, but she said its goal is not to ""ration"" care but to seek out ways to improve the efficiency of Medicare services, not necessarily cut them. We note that while IMAC has been recommended by the Obama administration, it was not included in any of the House bills so far. It has been discussed as an option by the powerful Senate Finance Committee. Still, we think it's a little premature to suggest this is part of the health care reform plan. And we think claims that IMAC might lead to wholesale rationing are alarmist. The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office looked at the IMAC proposal and concluded it would save the government $2 billion from 2016–2019. That doesn't sound to us like the CBO expects any kind of dramatic cuts in service. In fact, we think much of the rhetoric from opponents about how the Democrats' health plan would lead to wholesale rationing has been wildly distorted, fanning the flames of public fear that the health care plan would have the government setting dollar limits on how much could be spent in a year to care for a patient, or deciding that some groups of people — older or disabled people, for example — should not get care because it's too expensive for the common good. And so it's understandable that Dean would want to knock down these wild claims. But we think Dean goes too far when he says the bills have ""no rationing,"" because it ignores a hard reality of health care — there is rationing now and there would be rationing in the Democrats' plan too. ""This whole notion of rationing as it applies to a public option, I think, is really ridiculous,"" Stein said. ""It is what insurance is. Right now, Congress and any health care plan 'rations.' No health insurance I know pays for 'whatever it costs.'"" ""Everyone hates the word rationing,"" said Katherine Baicker, a health economics professor at Harvard University. ""From an economics perspective, there's no way around rationing. Some care is being rationed now. Everyone isn't getting everything."" And you can bet people who can't get health insurance due to a pre-existing condition feel like there's already rationing. Ditto for those who can't afford health insurance. Proponents of the health reform plan — which seeks to provide basic coverage to everyone, regardless of whether they have a pre-existing condition — argue that it would clearly reduce that form of rationing. You could spend an unlimited amount on health care that would have some chance of helping people, Baicker said. But we have a limited amount of public resources. And so decisions have to be made about how to prioritize to allocate those resources. The idea, she said, is to provide adequate, basic health care in a public plan. Above that threshold, she said, people with more money could buy extra care. John Holahan, the director of the Urban Institute Health Policy Research Center, said he has not seen anything in any of the plans that will result in explicit rationing, but ""if you define rationing as 'people can't get everything they want,' it's true. But it's also true today."" Interestingly, he said that Medicare is much less likely to deny a health service than a private insurer. ""That's the argument you hear people making (that the reform bills would lead to government rationing),"" Holahan said. ""But I think they have it backwards."" Even Obama acknowledged the reality of health care rationing in a town hall on health care on Aug. 16: ""When we talk about reform, you hear some opponents of reform saying that somehow we are trying to ration care, or restrict the doctors that you can see, or you name it,"" Obama said. ""Well, that's what's going on right now. It's just that the decisions are being made by the insurance companies. ""Now, in fairness, we probably could not construct a system in which you could see any doctor anywhere in the world any time, regardless of expense. That would be a hard system to set up. So if you live in Maine, you know, we're going to fly you into California, put you up. I mean, you can see — and I'm not trying to make light of it — you can just see the difficulty. ""So any system we design, there are going to have to be some choices that have to be made in terms of where you go to see your doctor, what's going on, et cetera. That's being done currently in the private marketplace. All we're trying to do is to make sure that those decisions that are being made in the private marketplace aren't discriminating against people because they're already sick; that they are making sure that people get a good deal from the health care dollars that they are spending."" In other words, rationing is just a fact of life in a world with limited resources. Or as Cato's Cannon puts it: ""Asking if there will be rationing under the Obama plan is like asking if there will be gravity. It is ubiquitous and unavoidable."" We realize some may read our ruling and conclude that we believe the Obama plan will mean more drastic rationing. But we think it's more accurate to say the bill seeks a more rational way to ration. Whether it can succeed is a topic for legitimate debate. The Democrats' health care plan calls for a health care exchange that will be a vigorous marketplace of companies offering different plans that will compete for customers by offering more or less coverage. But each of those choices about coverage — a lower or higher cap on out-of-pocket expenses, perhaps, or more or less generous coverage for doctor visits — are rationing. And the same goes for three-fourths of Americans who would probably keep their current employer-sponsored health insurance. Those plans too have limits and caps — and rationing. We rule Dean's statement ." Claim: There's no rationing in any of these bills.
[EX A]: 0
[EX Q]: Paragraph: The government had gone to the High Court to extend an April 24 deadline to submit its plan to improve air quality and comply with nitrogen dioxide limits set by the European Union (EU). But the court ruled on Thursday against any extension, ordering a draft plan to be submitted by May 9 and a full report by July 31, British media reported. The government is obliged to draw up a new plan after the High Court ruled in November that a calculation of future vehicle emissions was too optimistic. It was not immediately clear whether the government would appeal Thursday’s ruling. The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs said it was considering the judgment. Concern over air quality has grown since the Volkswagen (VOWG_p.DE) emissions scandal broke and reports that real-world emissions exceed those recorded during laboratory tests have put pollution high on the political agenda. “Air pollution is an election issue with or without publication of this plan, and we clearly need robust commitments from all parties on tackling the UK’s toxic air,” said Areeba Hamid, a clean air campaigner at environmental group Greenpeace. Nitrogen oxides reduce air quality and EU member states have been flouting limits on a range of pollutants associated with respiratory and other illnesses and more than 400,000 premature deaths per year, according to European Commission data. Under the EU’s Air Quality Directive, member states were supposed to comply with nitrogen dioxide limits in 2010 - or by 2015 if they delivered plans to deal with high levels of the gas, which is produced mainly by diesel engines. Claim: Britain loses case to delay submission of air pollution plan.
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Given a paragraph and a claim, classify it this way: If the claim contradicts the evidence present in the paragraph, classify the claim as '0'. If the claim has multiple supporting *AND* contradicting evidences, classify the claim as '1'. If the claim has supporting evidence and the paragraph is in overall favor of the claim, then classify the claim as '2'.
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Question: Paragraph: The Alpine republic with a population of 8.8 million has tested around 28,400 people so far with nearly 4,900 cases and 28 deaths confirmed. It was one of the first European countries to put severe restrictions on movement and close shops and schools in response to the developments in neighboring Italy and a strong increase in coronavirus infections in its western regions. In coming weeks, Austria plans to test up to 15,000 people per day, the chancellor said. “We will also launch rapid tests, to test hundreds of thousands of people, as quickly as possible,” Kurz told a news conference. He referred to brand new tests that are comparably cheap but take longer than laboratory tests used up until now. Broad testing is key to getting a clear picture of the real infection rate and an idea of how many people have developed immunity against the virus, the chancellor said. Top priority was to delay the peak of infections as long as possible to avoid a situation like in Italy or Spain, where the health systems are overwhelmed. “Our goal is that the number of infections doubles only every 14 days and not every two, three or five days and that we will set the right measures to keep it that way once we ramp up social life again,” Kurz said. Austria’s strict measures are in place until April 13, and Kurz said there was hope that a gradual withdrawal could start the day after. A government task force developing scenarios for the “ramp up” was currently dealing with questions such as in which order schools, businesses and production should restart. Lessons from other countries showed that it was crucial to remain disciplined and to make use of “big data”. Asked what he meant by “big data”, Kurz said: “We are currently working with the Red Cross and other enterprises on ideas that could be implemented in Austria and in Europe, and which are suitable for our system and our democracy.” Austria’s Red Cross is promoting a so-called “Stop Corona” app, which enables a user to digitally store who he meets and when. If a person shows symptoms of corona disease, these contact persons can be notified. Austria’s mobile carrier A1 Telekom Austria is already sharing results from a motion analysis application that visualizes the movement flows of groups of people with the health authority. Claim: Austria bets on mass testing to manage coronavirus spread.
Answer: 2
Question: Paragraph: The lawsuit brought by Terry Leavitt in Alameda Superior Court in Oakland is the first of over a dozen J&J talc cases scheduled for trial in 2019. The company is facing some 11,700 lawsuits over the safety of talc in its products. Leavitt’s lawyer, Joseph Satterley, accused J&J in his opening statement of knowingly selling a dangerous product, according to an online broadcast by Courtroom View Network. “The evidence will show that J&J knew about the asbestos risk and they continued to sell the product, giving consumers no opportunity to protect themselves,” he said. A lawyer for co-defendant Imerys Talc America, a unit of French Imerys SA (IMTP.PA), told the jury the evidence would show there is no asbestos in its talc and that Leavitt’s disease was not caused by its product. A lawyer for J&J will make his opening remarks on Tuesday. “Our talc is safe and does not contain asbestos. For decades, Johnson & Johnson’s Baby Powder has repeatedly been tested and been found not to contain asbestos,” the company said in response to a request for comment on Monday. J&J and Imerys have argued in court that decades of studies have shown their products to be safe and asbestos-free. Leavitt’s is the first talc case to go to trial since Reuters on Dec. 14 published a special report detailing internal J&J documents showing talc in the company’s raw and finished powders sometimes tested positive for small amounts of asbestos from the 1970s into the early 2000s. The report prompted a stock selloff on fears of J&J’s liability. Shares on Monday closed at $127.01, 14 percent below their Dec. 13 value. While earlier talc lawsuits alleged talc itself causes ovarian cancer, plaintiffs’ lawyers have more recently focused on arguing that asbestos contamination in talc caused mesothelioma, a form of cancer linked to asbestos exposure. Leavitt’s case is being tried by the same team of lawyers, including Satterley, who in April 2018 won a $117 million award by a New Jersey jury for a man who blamed his mesothelioma on J&J’s cosmetic talc. That verdict is under appeal. In 11 cases so far alleging asbestos contamination in talc, three resulted in wins for plaintiffs, awarding damages as high as $4.69 billion in a July 2018 multi-plaintiff ovarian cancer verdict. J&J won three other cases and another five ended in hung juries. J&J has appealed all of the plaintiff verdicts, and the company said it is confident the verdicts would be overturned on appeal. Leavitt was diagnosed with mesothelioma in 2017. She was born in the Philippines and claims she was exposed to J&J cosmetic talc that originated from South Korea mines during the first two years of her life before her parents moved back to the United States in 1968, Satterley said on Monday. He said testing of Asian talc samples from the 1960s and 1970s by his own expert would show Korean-mined talc tested positive for asbestos fibers, as has talc from U.S. sources. J&J in court filings in the Leavitt case said that fibers found in the Korean talc or any of its other cosmetic talc could not be classified as asbestos and referred to them as non-asbestos forms that its experts say are harmless. Geologically, some asbestos can occur as “non-asbestiform” rocks. Both forms often occur together and in talc deposits. The company in its Monday statement did not specifically address the allegations surrounding the South Korean mine. Claim: Latest trial in J&J talc litigations gets under way in California.
Answer: 2
Question: Paragraph: Through ups and downs in popularity, health troubles and weight fluctuations and the sorts of seismic shifts that take place over decades in the entertainment industry, Lewis always figured out a way to battle back, to reinvent himself, to stay relevant. It’s what enduring stars know how to do instinctively; perhaps it’s that very drive that makes them stars in the first place. Through it all, Lewis remained the consummate showman, and his distinctive comic legacy surely will continue to survive for decades to come. The manic, rubber-faced performer who jumped and hollered to fame in a stage, radio, TV and film partnership with Dean Martin, settled to become a self-conscious auteur in movies he wrote, produced and directed, and found new fame as the tireless, teary host of the annual muscular dystrophy telethons, died Sunday at home in Las Vegas surrounded by family. He was 91. Lewis, who had battled the lung disease pulmonary fibrosis, heart issues, a debilitating back problem and addiction to pain killers, died of natural causes, according to his publicist. His career spanned the history of show business in the 20th century, beginning in his parents’ vaudeville act at the age of 5. He was just 20 when his pairing with Martin made them international stars. After their cold parting in 1956, Lewis made such favorites as “The Bellboy” and “The Nutty Professor,” was featured in Martin Scorsese’s “The King of Comedy” and appeared as himself in Billy Crystal’s “Mr. Saturday Night.” In the 1990s, he scored a stage comeback as the devil in the Broadway revival of “Damn Yankees.” In his 80s, he was still traveling the world, planning to remake some of his earlier movies and working on a stage version of “The Nutty Professor.” He was so active he would sometimes forget the basics, like eating, his associates would recall. In 2012, Lewis missed an awards ceremony thrown by his beloved Friars Club because his blood sugar dropped from lack of food and he had to spend the night in the hospital. In an interview with The Associated Press from 2016, Lewis, at 90 and promoting the film “Max Rose,” said he still woke up every day at 4:30 or 5 in the morning to write, and he had a handful of standup shows on the schedule. Although a clear influence on Jim Carrey and other slapstick performers, later generations knew Lewis primarily as the ringmaster of the Labor Day Muscular Dystrophy Association, joking and reminiscing and introducing guests, sharing stories about ailing kids and concluding with his personal anthem, the ballad “You’ll Never Walk Alone.” From the 1960s onward, the telethons raised about $1.5 billion. He announced in 2011 that he would step down as host, but he would remain chairman of the association he joined some 60 years ago. His fundraising efforts won him the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award at the 2009 Oscar telecast, an honor he said “touches my heart and the very depth of my soul.” But the telethon was also criticized for being mawkish and exploitative of children, known as “Jerry’s Kids.” A 1960s muscular dystrophy poster boy, Mike Ervin, later made a documentary called “The Kids Are All Alright,” in which he alleged that Lewis and the Muscular Dystrophy Association had treated him and others as objects of pity rather than real people. Responded Lewis: “You don’t want to be pitied because you’re a cripple in a wheelchair, stay in your house!” He was the classic funnyman who longed to play “Hamlet.” He cried as hard as he laughed. He sassed and snarled at critics and interviewers who displeased him. He pontificated on talk shows, lectured to college students and compiled his thoughts in the 1971 book “The Total Film-Maker.” “I believe, in my own way, that I say something on film. I’m getting to those who probably don’t have the mentality to understand what ... ‘A Man for All Seasons’ is all about, plus many who did understand it,” he wrote. “I am not ashamed or embarrassed at how seemingly trite or saccharine something in my films will sound. I really do make films for my great-great-grandchildren and not for my fellows at the Screen Directors Guild or for the critics.” In his early movies, he played the kind of fellows who would have had no idea what the elder Lewis was talking about: loose-limbed, buck-toothed, overgrown adolescents, trouble-prone and inclined to wail when beset by enemies. American critics recognized the comedian’s popular appeal but not his pretensions of higher art. Not the French. Writing in Paris’ Le Monde newspaper, Jacques Siclier praised Lewis’ “apish allure, his conduct of a child, his grimaces, his contortions, his maladjustment to the world, his morbid fear of women, his way of disturbing order everywhere he appeared.” The French government awarded Lewis the Chevalier of the Legion of Honor in 1983 and Commander of Arts and Letters the following year. Film critic Andrew Sarris observed: “The fact that Lewis lacks verbal wit on the screen doesn’t particularly bother the French.” Lewis had teamed up with Martin after World War II, and their radio and stage antics delighted audiences, although not immediately. Their debut, in 1946 at Atlantic City’s 500 Club, was a bust. Warned by owner “Skinny” D’Amato that they might be fired, Martin and Lewis tossed the script and improvised their way into history. New York columnists Walter Winchell and Ed Sullivan raved over the sexy singer and the berserk clown. Hollywood producer Hal Wallis saw them at New York’s Copacabana and signed them to a film contract. Martin and Lewis first appeared in supporting roles in, then they began a hit series of starring vehicles: “At War With the Army,” ″That’s My Boy,” ″Sailor Beware,” ″Jumping Jacks,” ″The Stooge,” ″The Caddy,” ″Money From Home,” ″Living It Up,” ″Three Ring Circus,” ″You’re Never Too Young,” ″Artists and Models,” ″Pardners,” ″Hollywood or Bust.” But in the mid-1950s, their partnership began to wear. Lewis longed for more than laughs. Martin had tired of playing straight man and of Lewis’ attempts to inject Chaplinesque pathos into their movies. He also wearied of the pace of films, television, nightclub and theater appearances, benefits and publicity junkets on which Lewis thrived. The rift became increasingly public as the two camps sparred verbally. “I knew we were in trouble the day someone gave Jerry a book about Charlie Chaplin,” Martin cracked. On July 24, 1956, Martin and Lewis closed shop, at the Copa, and remained estranged for years. Martin, who died in 1995, did make a dramatic, surprise appearance on Lewis’ telethon in 1976 (a reunion brokered by mutual pal Frank Sinatra). After Martin’s death, Lewis said the two had again become friendly during his former partner’s final years and he would repeatedly express his admiration for Martin above all others. Lewis distinguished himself after the break, revealing a serious side as unexpected as Martin’s gift for comedy. He brought in comedy director Frank Tashlin for “Rock-a-bye Baby,” ″Cinderfella,” ″The Disorderly Orderly,” ″The Geisha Boy” and “Who’s Minding the Store?” With “The Bellboy,” though, Lewis assumed the posts of producer, director, writer and star, like his idol Chaplin. Among his hits under his own direction was the 1963 “The Nutty Professor,” playing a dual Jekyll and Hyde role, transforming himself from a nerdy college teacher to a sexy (and conceited) lounge singer, Buddy Love, regarded as a spoof of his old partner Martin. Lewis’ more recent film credits included such low-budget releases as “Arizona Dream,” co-starring Johnny Depp, “Funny Bones,” and “Max Rose,” from 2016. He was seen briefly in Eddie Murphy’s remake of “The Nutty Professor.” He was born Joseph Levitch in Newark, New Jersey, on March 16, 1926. His father, billed as Danny Lewis, was a singer on the borscht and burlesque circuits. His mother played piano for Danny’s act. Their only child was often left alone in hotel rooms, or lived in Brooklyn with his paternal grandparents, Russian Jewish immigrants, or his aunts in New Jersey. “All my life I’ve been afraid of being alone,” Lewis once said. In his later years the solitude haunted him, and he surrounded himself with an entourage at work and at home. Joey Levitch made his professional debut at age 5, singing the Depression tearjerker “Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?” to great applause. By 16, Jerry Lewis had dropped out of school and was earning as much as $150 a week as a solo performer. Rejected by the Army because of a heart murmur and punctured eardrum, Lewis entertained troops in World War II and toured with his lip-sync act. In 1944 he married Patti Palmer, a band vocalist. The following year he met Martin, on a March day in 1945 in Manhattan. Fame brought him women and Lewis wrote openly of his many partners. After 36 years of marriage and six sons, Patti Lewis sued her husband for divorce in 1982. She later wrote a book claiming that he was an adulterer and drug addict who abused their children. In his late 50s, Lewis married Sandra Pitnick, 32, a former airline stewardess. They had a daughter, Dani, named for Jerry’s father. “When the truth comes down to the truth, I am so grateful that I’m on that stage or in front of that camera,” Lewis told The Associated Press in 2016. “To have a career that I had in film, I’m the luckiest Jew that ever lived. I’m so grateful for it. I don’t take advantage of it. I don’t use it improperly. And I love the fact that there’s nowhere I can go where people don’t know me.” ___ Lemire is a former Associated Press writer. Associated Press writer Bob Thomas and AP Film Writer Lindsey Bahr in Los Angeles and AP National Writer Hillel Italie in New York contributed to this report. Claim: Jerry Lewis, Hollywood survivor, showman, dies at 91.
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task1366_healthfact_classification
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Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Given a paragraph and a claim, classify it this way: If the claim contradicts the evidence present in the paragraph, classify the claim as '0'. If the claim has multiple supporting *AND* contradicting evidences, classify the claim as '1'. If the claim has supporting evidence and the paragraph is in overall favor of the claim, then classify the claim as '2'.
Paragraph: "In metro Atlanta, the land of smog alerts and farmland-turned-to-suburbs, one local county makes a bold claim about its efforts to be environmentally conscious. DeKalb County, its website says, is ""the greenest county in America."" Let's put that on some recycled paper and send it to each of the county's estimated 750,000 residents. DeKalb's communications director, Burke Brennan, sent PolitiFact Georgia an e-mail making the case for the county. It includes: ""In DeKalb County, we are taking the lead on sustainability ... we are one step closer to being the greenest county in America,"" DeKalb County Chief Executive Officer Burrell Ellis said in 2009 when the county was honored by the ARC. Many folks we discussed this claim with used phrases like ""bold"" or ""ambitious"" to describe DeKalb's audacity, not willing to publicly dismiss it. Some were willing to criticize the claim. ""That's all a good case for them to be one of the greenest counties in Georgia,"" said Mark Woodall, Georgia chapter chairman of the Sierra Club, which claims to be the largest grassroots environmental organization in the state. ""DeKalb being the greenest county in America seems pretty unthinkable."" Being ""green,"" means many things these days. Some organizations have occasionally released surveys rankings America's greenest cities, but we found few similar rankings of counties. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, a non-profit organization that works to improve health and health care for Americans, earlier this year looked at the environmental health of each U.S. county. One category was physical health. The foundation used data put together by researchers from the EPA and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to determine the physical health of each county. The criteria included how many days the air was unhealthy, the number of days the air was unhealthy due to ozone, access to healthy foods and how many liquor stores were in a county. DeKalb ranked near the bottom of Georgia counties, 153rd, in terms of physical health. Some categories that DeKalb is bragging about are difficult to compare. In other areas, such as the number of LEED-certified buildings, Dekalb has competition. Gwinnett had three LEED-certifiied structures, according to the U.S. Green Building Council. DeKalb is an Energy Star partner -- a federal effort to protect the environment through energy-efficient practices -- but so are Cobb, Fulton and Gwinnett counties and the city of Atlanta. On hiking and biking trails, DeKalb may run into some argument about having the most in Georgia. Cobb County, for example, lists about 75 miles of trails within its cities and unincorporated areas. It was suggested we look at Arlington County, Va. to find another county that could make a case it is greener than DeKalb. The county has a page on its website with more than a dozen awards and recognition for its sustainable community and environmental efforts. Arlington won two National Association of Counties Achievement Awards this year for its recycling efforts. That organization also named Arlington its Outstanding Civil Engineering Project award in 2006 for its Green Building Program. Other counties, like Boulder, Colo., have goals such as reducing outdoor water use by 50 percent by using indigenous plants and recycling 50 percent of construction waste. DeKalb's case was muddied in December when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency fined $453,000 for 836 sewage spills over the last five years. The EPA estimates there are about 40,000 spills from the nation's 25,000 sewage systems a year. California officials reported about 2,000 spills into the San Francisco Bay in 2008. Brennan noted the day after the fine was announced, county commissioners voted 6-1 to spend $1.345 billion to make repairs to its water and sewer system, nearly twice as much money as the EPA recommended. DeKalb taxpayers will pay higher water and sewer bills to help fund the work. Despite the fine, Brennan stuck by DeKalb's claim. ""Nobody here is claiming perfection, but based on the programs, awards, designations and initiatives DeKalb has in place and ongoing, I am sticking with the motto 'DeKalb is the greenest county in America,' "" Brennan told us in an e-mail. ""After all, 'Cowboy Capital of the World' was already taken,"" added Brennan, referring to Oakdale, Calif. DeKalb has certainly tried to make its mark as an environmentally conscious county. But DeKalb's claim of being the ""greenest county"" in the nation ignores critical facts that would give a visitor to its web site a different impression." Claim: The Greenest County in America.
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Given a paragraph and a claim, classify it this way: If the claim contradicts the evidence present in the paragraph, classify the claim as '0'. If the claim has multiple supporting *AND* contradicting evidences, classify the claim as '1'. If the claim has supporting evidence and the paragraph is in overall favor of the claim, then classify the claim as '2'.
Example: Paragraph: While the financial costs of screening mammography&!1-positive recalls&biopsies were not included in the study,readers would benefit from being reminded that recall mammography&biopsies increase patient financial costs.This article leads with valuable information for all women over age 40 by stating “Getting screening mammograms every two years instead of annually reduces the chance of a!1 alarm,a new study shows.” Unfortunately the writer doesn’t quantify or elaborate adequately on that reduction.Instead,the writer later focuses on how women undergoing screening mammography shouldn’t be anxious if they experience a recall because over half of women who have screening mammograms for 10 years will be recalled.Readers would have been better served if the writer had emphasized the significant reduction in both recall mammograms&!1-positive biopsies in women who are screened every two years rather than annually.Part of the continuing controversy over screening mammography focuses on annual versus biennial screening.Because this study showed a significant reduction in the percentage of those recalled&needing biopsies among women who are screened every other year,with no statistically significant increase in late-stage diagnosis of breast cancer,the article should have emphasized those important findings.The piece states that the researchers noted that “…!1 positive recalls may cause inconvenience&anxiety and biopsies can cause pain and scarring.” This article fails to include several important facts about the study.1)This is a prospective cohort study of women screened between 1994-2006.2)Most of the mammograms were film rather than digital.3)Few women underwent screening for the entire 10 year period.4)Screening mammography recall rates are influenced by the skill of the radiologists who read the mammograms.There was no disease mongering.No independent experts were quoted.The story did an adequate job comparing – at a very high level – annual screening versus biennial screening.Screening mammography is widely available throughout the United States.The study did not examine a new procedure.There’s no evidence that the story relied solely on a news release.
Claim: Annual Mammograms May Have More False-Positives
Example solution: 1
Example explanation: This article reports on the results of a study of nearly 170,0 women who had screening mammograms beginning between age 40-59.The study found that over ten years of screening mammograms,over half of the women will experience a!1-positive recall for additional mammography.In addition,7%-9%of the women will have a biopsy for a suspicious lump which is not cancerous.Both of those percentages decrease if the woman is screened every other year rather than every year.Even with biennial mammography,41%of women will experience a recall over 10 years of mammography.The study’s Principal Investigator emphasized that “in most cases,a recall doesn’t mean you have cancer.” She hoped this knowledge would reduce the anxiety of women who are recalled.The story never explained the size of the decrease in the number of!1 positives between annual(61.3%) and biennial screening(41.6%).Our first two reviewers were a researcher who specializes in health decisions and a breast cancer survivor trained in evidence by the Natiional Breast Cancer Coalition’s Project LEAD.This study is valuable because it helps to quantify and compare the harms of annual and biennial screening,specifically the number of!1 positives and the number of unnecessary biopsies.Prior to this study,estimates of!1 positive screening mammography rates varied widely.The critical question is whether you can do less frequent screening,subject women to fewer harms and get similar results in terms of detection of “early stage” cancer.This study’s data seems to suggest that answer is yes.
Problem: Paragraph: This release makes no mention of the costs of the drugs compared in this study, even though the drugs have been in use for years and are widely available. Since the study is a comparison of various treatments for this form of cancer, it seems relevant to offer a cost comparison as well as a comparison of efficacy. It appears that the high dose methotrexate is given over a 24-hour period, presumably in the hospital, while the standard methotrexate is given as a single dose. Also, the high dose methotrexate is followed by leucovorin administration while the standard dose is not. According to the site GoodRx, the cost for methotrexate in low-dose (2.5 mg) pill form averages out to about $50 for a month’s supply. Newer, injectable variations of the drug cost upwards of $500 a month for the 25 mg dose. The release states that patients receiving high doses of the drug methotrexate “had a significantly better outcome, by 5 to 6 percent” than did patients receiving the current standard of care, which is gradually escalating doses of the drug. The release also explains that patients nine years old or younger who were also treated with a steroid called decadron (dexamethasone) for half as long as normal (14 versus 28 days) benefited from the treatment while patients 10 and older did not. We’re not sure of the meaning behind these results as portrayed in the release. Which outcome was better by 5 or 6 percent? The study has several. Does that mean the relapse rate was reduced or is it the event free survival that was better? It would be more meaningful to readers if the release had included the actual relapse and event free survival rates for each group analyzed in terms most people can understand. For example: “relapse rates were 5 percent lower in Group X compared to Group Y.” We’ll give this category a satisfactory rating largely due to the release including information that patients 10 and older receiving dexamethasone “were at much higher risk for a debilitating bone condition called osteonecrosis,” although we would have been happier if that greater risk would have been quantified. However, the published study explains that there were toxicity problems beyond that of dexamethasone and the release would have been stronger including that information as well. The release stated the study was randomized and controlled, and provides a broad overview of the study design, for which we give the release a borderline satisfactory under this criteria. However, these are the superficial results. On deeper delving into the study methodology, the statistical significances of the results were very close to not statistically significant. This is due to their planned interim stopping of the treatment and the fact that they were looking at multiple outcomes in multiple groups. This release doesn’t demonstrate disease-mongering. While the release does say that this clinical trial was run by the Children’s Oncology Group, which is funded by the National Cancer Institute and the National Institutes of Health, it makes no mention of possible conflicts of interest. Compounding that is the fact that the published study says, “Disclosures provided by the authors are available with this article at www.jco.org,” but that information is behind the journal’s paywall for most readers, so it’s unknown if there is, or is not, a conflict. It appears as though five of the authors (out of a total of about 20) have some conflicts of interest, mostly from several types of drug company payments. The release is comparing the efficacy of treatment regimens using different drugs so alternative treatments for B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia are noted. The release makes clear at the end that the treatment of this disease is improving thanks to refinement of the use of existing drug treatments, meaning that they are readily available for patient use. The release suggests the study findings could change the way childhood leukemia is treated. Modifying existing treatments to enhance a patient’s survival is certainly novel enough to warrant a release. There is no use of unjustifiable language in this release. However, the tone may be a bit overly optimistic given the study findings. Claim: Relapses of childhood leukemia improve with high doses of common chemo drug
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You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
Given a paragraph and a claim, classify it this way: If the claim contradicts the evidence present in the paragraph, classify the claim as '0'. If the claim has multiple supporting *AND* contradicting evidences, classify the claim as '1'. If the claim has supporting evidence and the paragraph is in overall favor of the claim, then classify the claim as '2'.
Paragraph: The fruit (soursop, guyabano), leaves, and bark of the graviola tree (A. muricata), have long been utilized as a folk remedy in parts of Africa and South America for myriad conditions. Claims of their potential to “cure” cancer, similarly, have long been a fixture in certain regions of the Internet — fringe health websites and supplement hucksters, primarily. In their most exaggerated form, such claims take the form of a widespread conspiracy alleging a pharmaceutical coverup to squash evidence of viable, powerful, and universal cure for cancer in favor of financial gain. The dubious Health Sciences Institute, (promoter of a previously debunked claim that Hillary Clinton has worked to hide a cancer cure dubbed “sour honey”) described the plant’s potential this way: Since the 1970s, the bark, leaves, roots, fruit, and fruit seeds of the Amazonian Graviola tree have been studied in numerous laboratory tests and have shown remarkable results with this deadly disease. Several years ago, a major pharmaceutical company began extensive independent research on it. They learned that certain extracts of the tree actually seek out, attack, and destroy cancer cells. […] After more than seven years of work behind closed doors, researchers at this company realized they couldn’t duplicate the tree’s natural properties with a patentable substance. So they shut down the entire project. It basically came down to this—if they couldn’t make huge profits, they would keep the news of this possible cure a well-guarded secret. But one researcher couldn’t bear that, and decided to risk his job with the hope of saving lives. Indeed, there has been research on many parts of, and chemicals within, the graviola tree with regard to their ability to kill cancerous cells. In terms of a possible mechanism, most ideas revolve around unique chemicals contained within the fruit — annonaceous acetogenins — that may present a novel pathway to kill cancer cells. These chemicals are found only in the family of plants Graviola belongs to (Annonaceae) and some research indicates they may have the ability to inhibit chemicals that aid cellular respiration, which can cause a “programmed death” of cancer cells. Perhaps most notably, this mechanism has been explored using extracts from graviola material against human lung, colorectal, and liver cancer cell lines. Such studies have found that extracts were indeed able to cause programmed cell death as hypothesized. Other studies have shown limited potential in reducing the proliferation of cancer cells in some animals and cell lines as well. It is worth mentioning, however, that many chemicals that show anti-cancer properties in laboratory settings do not translate to viable cures or treatments for cancer. Investigations on laboratory animals, too, have shown limited but somewhat positive results with regard to the plant’s anticancer potential. Studies on rats and mice, respectively, have shown some anti-tumor potential with prostate cancer and breast cancer, and studies on rats have, as well, shown potential preventive effects for colon cancer. Outside of singular case reports from people alleging benefits from the plant, no large scale clinical human studies have been published on its efficacy as a legitimate treatment for cancer (at least one clinical trial has been registered, however). As such, the view of the UK based Cancer Research, and other Cancer groups, is as follows: There have not been any studies [of Graviola] in humans. So we don’t know whether it can work as a cancer treatment or not. Many sites on the internet advertise and promote graviola capsules as a cancer cure but none of them are supported by any reputable scientific cancer organisations. Both the United States Food and Drug administration as well as the United States Federal Trade Commission have issued warnings to groups selling graviola extract with claims of its cancer-curing potential. In 2008, in a press release describing a “sweep” of graviola supplement sellers, the FTC described their products as “bogus“. Outside of overblown claims, there are also legitimate concerns about the safety of these products. Numerous studies have suggested that the potentially active chemicals within the graviola tree may be neurotoxic. Epidemiological studies of cultures that regularly use the plant in traditional medicine have shown associations between the plant’s consumption and Parkinson’s disease: Epidemiological studies, however, linked the consumption of Annonaceae to a high prevalence of atypical parkinsonism, in Guadeloupe, in parts of the Afro-Caribbean and Indian population in London and New Caledonia. In several patients who desisted in their consumption of Annonaceae fruits, the progression of atypical parkinsonism ceased […]. Chemical investigations of active components within the plant reveal strong evidence of its neurotoxicity, as well: The fruit pulp extract of A. muricata revealed the strongest neurotoxic effect, with 67% cell death at a concentration of 1 µg/mL. A high reduction in cell viability coupled with pronounced cell death was found at 0.1 µg/mL for an Annonaceous seed extract. These results demonstrate that the intake of dietary supplements containing plant material from Annonaceae may be hazardous to health in terms of neurotoxicity. Claim: The fruit of the graviola tree (soursop or guyabano), or other components of the plant (A. muricata), are a viable cure for cancer.
Output:
|
0
|
task1366_healthfact_classification
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 1
|
test
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Given a paragraph and a claim, classify it this way: If the claim contradicts the evidence present in the paragraph, classify the claim as '0'. If the claim has multiple supporting *AND* contradicting evidences, classify the claim as '1'. If the claim has supporting evidence and the paragraph is in overall favor of the claim, then classify the claim as '2'.
Paragraph: Indonesia confirmed 40 more deaths and its death toll accounts for nearly half of the more than 590 across Southeast Asia. More than 16,500 cases have been reported across the region. Indonesian health ministry official Achmad Yurianto said the country had registered 337 new infections, also a new daily high, taking the total to 3,293. Health experts say Indonesia faces a surge in cases after a slow government response masked the scale of the outbreak in Southeast Asia’s biggest country. Indonesia has brought in “large-scale social restrictions”, but President Joko Widodo has resisted bringing in the type of tough lockdowns imposed by neighbours and only moved to allow areas like Jakarta, where there has been a spike in cases, more powers to tackle the crisis. Researchers at the University of Indonesia have predicted there could be 140,000 deaths and 1.5 million cases by May without tougher curbs on movement and gathering. Indonesia has stepped up the number of tests to 16,511 as of Wednesday, but for a country with more than 260 million people it has one the lowest testing rates in the world Neighbouring Malaysia, with only 32 million people, has conducted 69,675 tests. There are also growing fears that the outbreak could spread across the archipelago during the annual exodus to home villages for the Muslim Ramadan holiday.Widodo has said the government would give aid to poorer families, particularly in Jakarta, to persuade them to stay put but has rejected calls for an outright ban on the “mudik”, as the holiday is known. Malaysia reported 109 new infections on Thursday, the second-lowest daily increase since a partial lockdown was imposed on March 18. The data comes a day ahead of possible ministerial discussions on whether to extend the curbs on travel and non-essential businesses beyond April 14. The country has so far recorded 4,228 infections - the highest in Southeast Asia - with 67 deaths. But government officials have said the restrictions are showing results. “We have done well,” Ministry of Health Director General Noor Hisham Abdullah told a news conference. “We have a small window of opportunity. If we do it right we may be able to avert the surge that we have seen in other countries.” Claim: Indonesia reports biggest jump in coronavirus deaths as Malaysia trend improves.
|
2
|
task1366_healthfact_classification
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 5
|
validation
|
In this task, you're given a passage, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and an answer term. Your job is to generate a question that can use the information provided to obtain the given answer. You should use the information on both passage and link information to create the question. Note that the answer to the question should be exactly the given answer, and if the answer is none, the answer to the question shouldn't be obtainable from the passage or linked information.
Q: Passage: Easterlin received his Bachelor of Music degree from the University of Miami and his Bachelor of Science degree from Florida International University, and after a successful career in corporate advertising, began his performing career in musical theatre before moving into opera. He went on to perform at many of America's leading opera houses and festivals, including the Lyric Opera of Chicago, San Francisco Opera, Los Angeles Opera, Seattle Opera, New York City Opera, Dallas Opera, the Opera Company of Philadelphia, the Ravinia Festival with the Chicago Symphony conducted by Daniel Barenboim for the opening night of the Centennial Season, and Spoleto Festival USA in a new production of Ariadne auf Naxos conducted by Emmanual Villaume. He made his debut at the Glimmerglass Opera Festival in the summer of 2009 as 'The Magician' in a new production of Menotti's The Consul. According to Opera News, Easterlin spent 200 hours learning magic tricks for this production, which included producing a live rabbit on stage. Another unusual role for him was Houston Grand Opera's 2006 all-puppet production of Humperdinck's opera Hansel and Gretel in which he sang the role of the Witch as well as operating her twelve-foot high puppet.
Link Information: Spoleto Festival USA in a new production of Ariadne auf Naxos Answer: South Carolina
A:
|
Which state did Easterlin perform in a new production of Ariadne auf Naxos?
|
task236_iirc_question_from_passage_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
In this task, you're given a passage, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and an answer term. Your job is to generate a question that can use the information provided to obtain the given answer. You should use the information on both passage and link information to create the question. Note that the answer to the question should be exactly the given answer, and if the answer is none, the answer to the question shouldn't be obtainable from the passage or linked information.
One example: Passage: The group was occasionally diverted from strategic missions to carry out air support and interdiction missions. It supported Operation Overlord, the invasion of Normandy by attacking transportation targets, including bridges, along with airfields and strong points in France. On D Day, the squadron and the rest of the 446th Group led the first heavy bomber mission of the day. The 446th aided ground forces at Caen and Saint-Lô during July by hitting bridges, gun batteries, and enemy troops. During Operation Market Garden, the attempt to seize a bridgehead across the Rhine in the Netherlands, the 704th dropped supplies to allied troops near Nijmegen. It struck lines of communications during the Battle of the Bulge. During Operation Varsity in March 1945, it supplied ground and airborne troops near Wesel. The squadron flew its last combat mission on 25 April 1945 against Salzburg, Austria. The group had flown 273 missions and had lost 58 aircraft during the war,
. Link Information: Operation Market Garden was a failed World War II military operation fought in the Netherlands from 17 to 25 September 1944. Answer: from 17 to 25 September 1944
Solution is here: When did the operation during which the 704th dropped supplies to allied troops near Nijmegen begin?
Explanation: The passage describes the 704th's actions during Operation Market Garden, and the answer specifies when the operation happened.
Now, solve this: Passage: LCD Soundsystem released "Call the Police" and "American Dream" together as a digital double-A-side single on May 5, 2017, acting as the lead single from the album. The two songs were made available for listening once midnight was reached in one's time zone. The band promoted the songs by performing both during the May 6 episode of the 42nd season of Saturday Night Live. On August 4, the band rolled out an ice cream truck outside of the Lollapalooza festival in Chicago promoting the album. The truck played songs from the album in the form of ice cream jingles through its speaker. A Twitter account for the truck was also launched to provide updates on where its current location was. On August 16, "Tonite" was premiered on Zane Lowe's radio show on Beats 1. Along with the premiere was the release of a music video for the track, directed by Joel Kefali. It was also subsequently made available for streaming on Spotify. A virtual reality experience made to accompany the song, titled "Dance Tonite", was released to the public on August 22, though first previewed privately in June. Available to use in an Internet browser, the experience allowed people with room scale virtual reality kits, such as the Oculus Rift, to dance along to the track. Those with more simpler VR headsets, like the Daydream View, could view the experience as well the dance performances done by others. The band teamed up with the Puckney and Moniker design studios from Amsterdam for the project, alongside Google's data arts team. On August 31, the band released a 14-minute instrumental track called "Pulse (v.1)" as a free download. On Facebook, Murphy wrote that the track was "not precisely part of the record," but instead thought of it as an "addendum" meant to be played after the album's closing track, "Black Screen". It was originally left off of American Dream due to it not being able to fit on the vinyl format of the album. A music video for "Oh Baby", directed by Rian Johnson, was released on September 20, 2018. The video depicts an elderly couple, portrayed by Sissy Spacek and David Strathairn, who build a teleporter in their garage.
Link Information: Lollapalooza (Lolla) is an annual four-day music festival based in Chicago, Illinois at Grant Park Answer: Grant Park
Solution:
|
What venue was the ice cream truck at?
|
task236_iirc_question_from_passage_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
In this task, you're given a passage, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and an answer term. Your job is to generate a question that can use the information provided to obtain the given answer. You should use the information on both passage and link information to create the question. Note that the answer to the question should be exactly the given answer, and if the answer is none, the answer to the question shouldn't be obtainable from the passage or linked information.
Input: Consider Input: Passage: Route 104 begins at an intersection with Route 137 in the Bulls Head section of Stamford and heads north, passing by GE Capital, then crossing the Rippowam River, up through North Stamford and onto New York state line. About north of the river, Route 104 crosses under the Merritt Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 34 into the North Stamford section of the city. After another , Route 104 crosses over the Mianus River, through the Long Ridge section of the city, as it heads towards the New York state line. The road ends in the town of Pound Ridge, New York and continues as Westchester County Road 3. Route 104 is known as Long Ridge Road throughout its length and is classified as a principal arterial road, carrying traffic volumes of as much as 30,000 vehicles per day, particularly near the Merritt Parkway interchange. Route 104 is four lanes wide from Route 137 to Route 15, and two lanes wide north of Route 15.
Link Information: for about 9.3 mi from Downtown Stamford up to North Stamford and then to New York state line in the town of Pound Ridge, New York. Answer: Pound Ridge, New York
Output: Where does the route end that 104 intersects with in Stamford?
Input: Consider Input: Passage: Thomas was born to Thomas Marston Green Sr., a future Colonel in the Continental Army, and Martha Wills. He was born in Williamsburg, Virginia, on February 26, 1758. In 1782 he moved with his family to Natchez District, Mississippi Territory. He would later move to Fayette, Mississippi where he would build the Springfield Plantation, and where he would live until his death. The Green family were good friends with Andrew Jackson and Rachel Donelson. Thomas's brother Abraham married Elizabeth Caffery who was the niece of Rachel Jackson. In August 1791, Andrew Jackson and Rachel were married at the Green Family Springfield Plantation. The marriage ceremony was performed by Thomas Green Sr., while Thomas Jr. served as a witness. Andrew and Rachel would later find out that Rachel's divorce was not finalized, at the time of the wedding.
Link Information: Thomas Marston Green Sr. (November 19, 1723 – 1805) Answer: 46
Output: How old was Thomas Marston Green Jr.s father when he was born?
Input: Consider Input: Passage: In 1979 Hirschfeld published the first of a trilogy on Galois geometry, pegged at a level depending only on "the group theory and linear algebra taught in a first degree course, as well as a little projective geometry, and a very little algebraic geometry." When q is a prime power then there is a finite field GF(q) with q elements called a Galois field. A vector space over GF(q) of n + 1 dimensions produces an n-dimensional Galois geometry PG(n,q) with its subspaces: one-dimensional subspaces are the points of the Galois geometry and two-dimensional subspaces are the lines. Non-singular linear transformations of the vector space provide motions of PG(n,q). The first book (1979) covered PG(1,q) and PG(2,q). The second book addressed PG(3,q) and the third PG(n,q). Chapters are numbered sequentially through the trilogy: 14 in the first book, 15 to 21 in the second, and 22 to 27 in the third. Finite geometry has contributed to coding theory, such as the Goppa code, so the field is supported by computer science. In the preface of the 1991 text Hirschfeld summarizes the status of Galois geometry, mentioning maximum distance separable code, mathematics journals publishing finite geometry, and conferences on combinatorics featuring Galois geometry. Colleague Joseph A. Thas is coauthor of General Galois Geometries on PG(n,q) where n ≥ 4.
Link Information: ystems of linear equations arose in Europe with the introduction in 1637 by René Descartes of coordinates in geometry. Answer: algebraic geometry
|
Output: Of the types of math Hirschfeld in 1979 considered necessary to learn before reading his work on Galois geometry, which is the oldest mathematical discipline?
|
task236_iirc_question_from_passage_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 2
|
train
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you're given a passage, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and an answer term. Your job is to generate a question that can use the information provided to obtain the given answer. You should use the information on both passage and link information to create the question. Note that the answer to the question should be exactly the given answer, and if the answer is none, the answer to the question shouldn't be obtainable from the passage or linked information.
Passage: Bermondsey was historically a rural parish on the outskirts of London until the 17th century when the area began to be developed as a wealthy suburb following the Great Fire of London. By the 19th century, the once affluent parts of Bermondsey had experienced a serious decline, and became the site of notorious slums with the arrival of industrialisation, docks and migrant housing, especially along the riverside. The most notorious of the slums was known as Jacob's Island, with the boundary approximately the confluence of the Thames and subterranean River Neckinger, at St Saviour's Dock across from Shad Thames, to the west, a tidal ditch just west of George Row to the east, and another tidal ditch just north of London Street (now Wolseley Street) to the south. It was a particularly squalid rookery, and described as "The very capital of cholera" and "The Venice of drains" by The Morning Chronicle in 1849.
Link Information: The Great Fire of London swept through the central parts of the English city from Sunday, 2 September to Thursday, 6 September 1666. Answer: Sunday, 2 September to Thursday, 6 September 1666
Output:
|
When was the Great Fire of London?
|
task236_iirc_question_from_passage_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 1
|
train
|
Definition: In this task, you're given a passage, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and an answer term. Your job is to generate a question that can use the information provided to obtain the given answer. You should use the information on both passage and link information to create the question. Note that the answer to the question should be exactly the given answer, and if the answer is none, the answer to the question shouldn't be obtainable from the passage or linked information.
Input: Passage: Danny Bradford Cox (born September 21, 1959) is a former Major League Baseball pitcher. He pitched for the St. Louis Cardinals from 1983 to 1988, the Philadelphia Phillies from 1991 to 1992, the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1992, and the Toronto Blue Jays from 1993 to 1995, when he retired. Over his eleven-year career, Cox won 74, lost 75, recorded a 3.64 ERA, 21 complete games, 5 shutouts and 8 saves. He won Game 3 of the 1985 National League Championship Series with the Cardinals trailing 2 games to none. Cox pitched well in the 1985 World Series, but earned two no-decisions. He pitched a shutout in Game 7 of the 1987 National League Championship Series, and was the winning pitcher in Game 5 of the 1987 World Series. After being removed in Game 7, Cox argued with umpire Dave Phillips and got ejected as he left the field.
Link Information: In 1881, entrepreneur Chris von der Ahe purchased the Brown Stockings barnstorming club, renamed it the St. Louis Browns Answer: St. Louis Cardinals
Output:
|
Which MLB team that Cox played for has the longest history?
|
task236_iirc_question_from_passage_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 2
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you're given a passage, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and an answer term. Your job is to generate a question that can use the information provided to obtain the given answer. You should use the information on both passage and link information to create the question. Note that the answer to the question should be exactly the given answer, and if the answer is none, the answer to the question shouldn't be obtainable from the passage or linked information.
Problem:Passage: For the 2009 season the Phillies wore black, circular "HK" patches over their hearts in memory of broadcaster Harry Kalas, who died April 13, 2009, just before he was to broadcast a Phillies game in Washington, D.C. From Opening Day through July 26, 2009, the Phillies wore 2008 World Champions patches on the right sleeve of their home uniforms to celebrate their World Series victory the season prior. After the death of Hall of Fame pitcher Robin Roberts on May 6, 2010, the Phillies wore a black patch with a white "36" on the sleeves of their jerseys in memory of Roberts for the remainder of the 2010 season. Number 36 had been retired previously by the team in 1962 to honor Roberts. For the 2011 season, the Phillies wore a black circular patch with a "B" in honor of minority owners Alexander and John Buck, who died in late 2010. For the 2014 season, the Phillies wore a black circular patch with initials “CB” in honor of former owner Claire Betz, who died during the offseason. For the 2015 season, the Phillies wore a black circular patch with a white "SLB" in memory of minority owner Sara L. Buck, who died on August 23, 2014. For the 2017 season, the Phillies wore a black circular patch on their sleeves featuring the "baseball stitched" center swirl "P" used from 1970 to 1991 inside the white silhouette of a capital "D" in memory of former manager Dallas Green, who led the franchise to its first World Series championship and died on March 22, 2017. Following the death of former chairman, minority-owner, and president David Montgomery on May 8, 2019, the Phillies added a black circular patch with white "DPM" letters in memory of Montgomery for the remainder of the 2019 season.
Link Information: none Answer: none
Solution:
|
Who won the season during which the Phillies wore HK patches over their hearts?
|
task236_iirc_question_from_passage_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 8
|
train
|
Teacher:In this task, you're given a passage, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and an answer term. Your job is to generate a question that can use the information provided to obtain the given answer. You should use the information on both passage and link information to create the question. Note that the answer to the question should be exactly the given answer, and if the answer is none, the answer to the question shouldn't be obtainable from the passage or linked information.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Passage: After attending the University of Tennessee, Smithson was selected by the Red Sox in the fifth round of the 1976 Major League Baseball Draft. During the course of his seven-year minor league apprenticeship, he participated in the longest baseball game in history between the Pawtucket Red Sox and Rochester Red Wings during the 1981 season. During the early morning hours of Sunday, April 19, 1981, he worked the full 15th, 16th and 17th innings, and got two outs in the 18th inning before turning the ball over to Win Remmerswaal. Smithson allowed two hits and three bases on balls in 3 innings pitched—but no runs. The game was suspended after 32 innings, and resumed June 23; Smithson's PawSox won it in the bottom of the 33rd frame.
Link Information: none Answer: none
Student:
|
Who was the president of University of Tennessee when Mike Smithson was a student?
|
task236_iirc_question_from_passage_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
Instructions: In this task, you're given a passage, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and an answer term. Your job is to generate a question that can use the information provided to obtain the given answer. You should use the information on both passage and link information to create the question. Note that the answer to the question should be exactly the given answer, and if the answer is none, the answer to the question shouldn't be obtainable from the passage or linked information.
Input: Passage: After the Arrow Cross Party's coup and the resignation of Horthy on October 16, 1944 Ferenc Szálasi was appointed "Leader of the Nation". He established a Regent Council of three members, all from the Hungarian Nazi party. After the Soviet occupation of Hungary a High National Council formed in 1945 which was the collective head of state until the declaration of the Second Hungarian Republic. Members of the first High National Council were Béla Zsedényi (Speaker of the Interim National Assembly), Béla Miklós (Prime Minister) and Ernő Gerő (from the Hungarian Communist Party, later replaced by József Révai, then by Mátyás Rákosi). But the real power was in the hands of the Allied Control Commission, led by Kliment Voroshilov.
Link Information: Ferenc Szálasi (; 6 January 1897 – 12 March 1946) Answer: 47
Output:
|
How old was Ferenc Szálasi when he was appointed "Leader of the Nation"?
|
task236_iirc_question_from_passage_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Definition: In this task, you're given a passage, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and an answer term. Your job is to generate a question that can use the information provided to obtain the given answer. You should use the information on both passage and link information to create the question. Note that the answer to the question should be exactly the given answer, and if the answer is none, the answer to the question shouldn't be obtainable from the passage or linked information.
Input: Passage: Parish began his career at Aston Villa, where he progressed through the club's Academy. He made his professional debut away from the club on loan at League Two side Lincoln City in 2011, before a short loan at Cardiff City where he made no appearances. He joined Cardiff on a permanent basis in January 2012, before being loaned out to Wycombe Wanderers later the same year. He was released by the club in 2013, again failing to make a first-team appearance. He joined Bristol City, where he went on to make 19 league appearances, but again found himself out on loan, on this occasion to Newport County. He later joined Blackpool for one season, and then played for Colchester United for one season, before joining Accrington Stanley. He then signed for Dundee where he spent two seasons.
Link Information: ootball in the city of Lincoln had been prominent since the 1860s although not strictly connected to the modern day club. After the disbanding of Lincoln Rovers (formerly Lincoln Recreation) in 1884, Lincoln City FC was formed Answer: Lincoln City Football Club
Output:
|
Which club that Parish was loaned out to in 2011 was found first?
|
task236_iirc_question_from_passage_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 2
|
test
|
In this task, you're given a passage, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and an answer term. Your job is to generate a question that can use the information provided to obtain the given answer. You should use the information on both passage and link information to create the question. Note that the answer to the question should be exactly the given answer, and if the answer is none, the answer to the question shouldn't be obtainable from the passage or linked information.
Passage: In 1987 SST Records had purchased the Descendents' previous label New Alliance Records, releasing their 1987 album All and re-releasing all of their previous material. Following the Descendents' final tours in spring and summer 1987, singer Milo Aukerman had left the band to pursue a career in biochemistry. The remaining members—bassist Karl Alvarez, guitarist Stephen Egerton, and drummer Bill Stevenson—relaunched the band under the name All, releasing three albums on the SST subsidiary Cruz Records between 1988 and 1991 with singers Dave Smalley and Scott Reynolds. SST also released the Descendents live albums Liveage! (1987) and (1989), both recorded during the final two Descendents tours. Somery was released in 1991, compiling tracks from the Descendents' past studio releases. Stevenson created the cover art for the compilation while Egerton did the graphics. The Descendents would later reunite with Aukerman in 1995 to record Everything Sucks.
Link Information: Aukerman's first recording with Descendents was the Fat EP, released in 1981. Answer: 6
|
How long had Milo Aukerman been with the Descendent's before quitting?
|
task236_iirc_question_from_passage_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 0
|
validation
|
Detailed Instructions: Given a sentence, generate a most likely context or previous statement. The previous statement should be relevant to the given statement.
See one example below:
Problem: Then, the camel stops and the woman gets down from the camel.
Solution: A woman rides a camel holding a rode with her right hand while a man pulls the camel.
Explanation: The output mentions that the woman was riding a camel. This is a correct context of the given statement since the woman has to be on the camel to come down from it.
Problem: They then shift, showing different steps slowly.
Solution:
|
A man and woman are standing in a dance position.
|
task455_swag_context_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
Given a sentence, generate a most likely context or previous statement. The previous statement should be relevant to the given statement.
Q: Later someone sits at the dining room table.
A:
|
He peers down at his dark haired gardener.
|
task455_swag_context_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
Teacher:Given a sentence, generate a most likely context or previous statement. The previous statement should be relevant to the given statement.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Someone looks down and away from someone.
Student:
|
Someone glares at his father, who shakes his head.
|
task455_swag_context_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: Given a sentence, generate a most likely context or previous statement. The previous statement should be relevant to the given statement.
See one example below:
Problem: Then, the camel stops and the woman gets down from the camel.
Solution: A woman rides a camel holding a rode with her right hand while a man pulls the camel.
Explanation: The output mentions that the woman was riding a camel. This is a correct context of the given statement since the woman has to be on the camel to come down from it.
Problem: Someone looks over at her as he walks by.
Solution:
|
She stops in her tracks and grins.
|
task455_swag_context_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
Given a sentence, generate a most likely context or previous statement. The previous statement should be relevant to the given statement.
[EX Q]: Someone stands up and swoops in close.
[EX A]: A huge, gray, spiky dragon lies chained on the ground.
[EX Q]: Someone fumbles with the machine.
[EX A]: Someone closes his eyes and crosses himself, then takes off his jacket.
[EX Q]: Two ambulance workers fold someone's arms across his chest and hoist him onto a stretcher.
[EX A]:
|
A man lies on the ground, his chest heaving.
|
task455_swag_context_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
Given a sentence, generate a most likely context or previous statement. The previous statement should be relevant to the given statement.
Q: Medical workers tend to their patients.
A:
|
With his eyes closed, someone's head hangs to the side.
|
task455_swag_context_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: Given a sentence, generate a most likely context or previous statement. The previous statement should be relevant to the given statement.
See one example below:
Problem: Then, the camel stops and the woman gets down from the camel.
Solution: A woman rides a camel holding a rode with her right hand while a man pulls the camel.
Explanation: The output mentions that the woman was riding a camel. This is a correct context of the given statement since the woman has to be on the camel to come down from it.
Problem: In Queens, someone shifts restlessly in bed.
Solution:
|
Someone touches her forehead reassuringly, then turns off the light.
|
task455_swag_context_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
Given a sentence, generate a most likely context or previous statement. The previous statement should be relevant to the given statement.
Q: She is raising and lowering her arms, changing to different positions.
A:
|
A woman is standing on a wooden floor.
|
task455_swag_context_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
Part 1. Definition
Given a sentence, generate a most likely context or previous statement. The previous statement should be relevant to the given statement.
Part 2. Example
Then, the camel stops and the woman gets down from the camel.
Answer: A woman rides a camel holding a rode with her right hand while a man pulls the camel.
Explanation: The output mentions that the woman was riding a camel. This is a correct context of the given statement since the woman has to be on the camel to come down from it.
Part 3. Exercise
She looks up behind someone, who waves.
Answer:
|
Meanwhile, someone descends the E - deck stairs.
|
task455_swag_context_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 7
|
test
|
Q: Given a sentence, generate a most likely context or previous statement. The previous statement should be relevant to the given statement.
The bullet hits the tree, then the guard runs to the boat.
A:
|
As he leans against a tree, a guard comes at him.
|
task455_swag_context_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 7
|
validation
|
In this task, you need to provide the parts-of-speech tag of a word present in a sentence specified within curly braces ( '{{ ... }}' ). The parts-of-speech tags are coarse labels that represent a category of words with similar grammatical properties. The list of part-of-speech tags i.e. tagset of this corpus is 'ADJ': Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes, 'ADP': Adposition is a cover term for prepositions and postpositions, 'ADV': Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner, 'AUX': An auxiliary is a function word that accompanies the lexical verb of a verb phrase and expresses grammatical distinctions not carried by the lexical verb, such as person, number, tense, mood, aspect, voice or evidentiality, 'CCONJ': A coordinating conjunction is a word that links words or larger constituents without syntactically subordinating one to the other and expresses a semantic relationship between them, 'DET': Determiners are words that modify nouns or noun phrases and express the reference of the noun phrase in context, 'INTJ': An interjection is a word that is used most often as an exclamation or part of an exclamation, 'NOUN': Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea, 'NUM': A numeral is a word, functioning most typically as a determiner, adjective or pronoun, that expresses a number and a relation to the number, such as quantity, sequence, frequency or fraction, 'PART': Particles are function words that must be associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning and that do not satisfy definitions of other universal parts of speech, 'PRON': Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context, 'PROPN': A proper noun is a noun (or nominal content word) that is the name (or part of the name) of a specific individual, place, or object, 'PUNCT': Punctuation marks are non-alphabetical characters and character groups used in many languages to delimit linguistic units in printed text, 'SCONJ': A subordinating conjunction is a conjunction that links constructions by making one of them a constituent of the other. The subordinating conjunction typically marks the incorporated constituent which has the status of a (subordinate) clause, 'SYM': A symbol is a word-like entity that differs from ordinary words by form, function or both, 'VERB': A verb is a member of the syntactic class of words that typically signal events and actions, can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause, 'X': The tag X is used for words that for some reason cannot be assigned a real part-of-speech category.
Sentence: Get six separate pieces of paper and write the following on each piece of paper " {{ PLEASE }} PUT ME ON YOUR MAILING LIST . "
Word: PLEASE
INTJ
Sentence: In 1987 , the Tamil Tigers reluctantly accepted the peace accord {{ under }} Indian pressure .
Word: under
ADP
Sentence: Both my grandparents looked as natural {{ as }} could be expected .
Word: as
|
SCONJ
|
task583_udeps_eng_coarse_pos_tagging
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 0
|
train
|
instruction:
In this task, you need to provide the parts-of-speech tag of a word present in a sentence specified within curly braces ( '{{ ... }}' ). The parts-of-speech tags are coarse labels that represent a category of words with similar grammatical properties. The list of part-of-speech tags i.e. tagset of this corpus is 'ADJ': Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes, 'ADP': Adposition is a cover term for prepositions and postpositions, 'ADV': Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner, 'AUX': An auxiliary is a function word that accompanies the lexical verb of a verb phrase and expresses grammatical distinctions not carried by the lexical verb, such as person, number, tense, mood, aspect, voice or evidentiality, 'CCONJ': A coordinating conjunction is a word that links words or larger constituents without syntactically subordinating one to the other and expresses a semantic relationship between them, 'DET': Determiners are words that modify nouns or noun phrases and express the reference of the noun phrase in context, 'INTJ': An interjection is a word that is used most often as an exclamation or part of an exclamation, 'NOUN': Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea, 'NUM': A numeral is a word, functioning most typically as a determiner, adjective or pronoun, that expresses a number and a relation to the number, such as quantity, sequence, frequency or fraction, 'PART': Particles are function words that must be associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning and that do not satisfy definitions of other universal parts of speech, 'PRON': Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context, 'PROPN': A proper noun is a noun (or nominal content word) that is the name (or part of the name) of a specific individual, place, or object, 'PUNCT': Punctuation marks are non-alphabetical characters and character groups used in many languages to delimit linguistic units in printed text, 'SCONJ': A subordinating conjunction is a conjunction that links constructions by making one of them a constituent of the other. The subordinating conjunction typically marks the incorporated constituent which has the status of a (subordinate) clause, 'SYM': A symbol is a word-like entity that differs from ordinary words by form, function or both, 'VERB': A verb is a member of the syntactic class of words that typically signal events and actions, can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause, 'X': The tag X is used for words that for some reason cannot be assigned a real part-of-speech category.
question:
Sentence: Arctic summer sea ice will decline by 50 percent by the end of the 21st century {{ , }} the assessment found , with some models predicting complete disappearance of summer sea ice .
Word: ,
answer:
PUNCT
question:
Sentence: At one time , some thought he had been {{ spotted }} in Iran .
Word: spotted
answer:
VERB
question:
Sentence: Cute or not , I 'd call a different bloke because he 's doing a sub-par job at {{ something }} he needs to be doing his best at , whether he 's flirting or trying to ask you out or not , he ought to put quality first .
Word: something
answer:
|
PRON
|
task583_udeps_eng_coarse_pos_tagging
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
In this task, you need to provide the parts-of-speech tag of a word present in a sentence specified within curly braces ( '{{ ... }}' ). The parts-of-speech tags are coarse labels that represent a category of words with similar grammatical properties. The list of part-of-speech tags i.e. tagset of this corpus is 'ADJ': Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes, 'ADP': Adposition is a cover term for prepositions and postpositions, 'ADV': Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner, 'AUX': An auxiliary is a function word that accompanies the lexical verb of a verb phrase and expresses grammatical distinctions not carried by the lexical verb, such as person, number, tense, mood, aspect, voice or evidentiality, 'CCONJ': A coordinating conjunction is a word that links words or larger constituents without syntactically subordinating one to the other and expresses a semantic relationship between them, 'DET': Determiners are words that modify nouns or noun phrases and express the reference of the noun phrase in context, 'INTJ': An interjection is a word that is used most often as an exclamation or part of an exclamation, 'NOUN': Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea, 'NUM': A numeral is a word, functioning most typically as a determiner, adjective or pronoun, that expresses a number and a relation to the number, such as quantity, sequence, frequency or fraction, 'PART': Particles are function words that must be associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning and that do not satisfy definitions of other universal parts of speech, 'PRON': Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context, 'PROPN': A proper noun is a noun (or nominal content word) that is the name (or part of the name) of a specific individual, place, or object, 'PUNCT': Punctuation marks are non-alphabetical characters and character groups used in many languages to delimit linguistic units in printed text, 'SCONJ': A subordinating conjunction is a conjunction that links constructions by making one of them a constituent of the other. The subordinating conjunction typically marks the incorporated constituent which has the status of a (subordinate) clause, 'SYM': A symbol is a word-like entity that differs from ordinary words by form, function or both, 'VERB': A verb is a member of the syntactic class of words that typically signal events and actions, can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause, 'X': The tag X is used for words that for some reason cannot be assigned a real part-of-speech category.
Sentence: Its body {{ will }} be dull looking , too .
Word: will
|
AUX
|
task583_udeps_eng_coarse_pos_tagging
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 0
|
train
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you need to provide the parts-of-speech tag of a word present in a sentence specified within curly braces ( '{{ ... }}' ). The parts-of-speech tags are coarse labels that represent a category of words with similar grammatical properties. The list of part-of-speech tags i.e. tagset of this corpus is 'ADJ': Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes, 'ADP': Adposition is a cover term for prepositions and postpositions, 'ADV': Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner, 'AUX': An auxiliary is a function word that accompanies the lexical verb of a verb phrase and expresses grammatical distinctions not carried by the lexical verb, such as person, number, tense, mood, aspect, voice or evidentiality, 'CCONJ': A coordinating conjunction is a word that links words or larger constituents without syntactically subordinating one to the other and expresses a semantic relationship between them, 'DET': Determiners are words that modify nouns or noun phrases and express the reference of the noun phrase in context, 'INTJ': An interjection is a word that is used most often as an exclamation or part of an exclamation, 'NOUN': Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea, 'NUM': A numeral is a word, functioning most typically as a determiner, adjective or pronoun, that expresses a number and a relation to the number, such as quantity, sequence, frequency or fraction, 'PART': Particles are function words that must be associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning and that do not satisfy definitions of other universal parts of speech, 'PRON': Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context, 'PROPN': A proper noun is a noun (or nominal content word) that is the name (or part of the name) of a specific individual, place, or object, 'PUNCT': Punctuation marks are non-alphabetical characters and character groups used in many languages to delimit linguistic units in printed text, 'SCONJ': A subordinating conjunction is a conjunction that links constructions by making one of them a constituent of the other. The subordinating conjunction typically marks the incorporated constituent which has the status of a (subordinate) clause, 'SYM': A symbol is a word-like entity that differs from ordinary words by form, function or both, 'VERB': A verb is a member of the syntactic class of words that typically signal events and actions, can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause, 'X': The tag X is used for words that for some reason cannot be assigned a real part-of-speech category.
Sentence: Paul Craig Roberts , writing for The American Conservative , said in July of 2005 that " As a result of many years of persistent trade surpluses with the United States {{ , }} the Japanese government holds dollar reserves of approximately $ 1 trillion .
Word: ,
|
PUNCT
|
task583_udeps_eng_coarse_pos_tagging
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
Instructions: In this task, you need to provide the parts-of-speech tag of a word present in a sentence specified within curly braces ( '{{ ... }}' ). The parts-of-speech tags are coarse labels that represent a category of words with similar grammatical properties. The list of part-of-speech tags i.e. tagset of this corpus is 'ADJ': Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes, 'ADP': Adposition is a cover term for prepositions and postpositions, 'ADV': Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner, 'AUX': An auxiliary is a function word that accompanies the lexical verb of a verb phrase and expresses grammatical distinctions not carried by the lexical verb, such as person, number, tense, mood, aspect, voice or evidentiality, 'CCONJ': A coordinating conjunction is a word that links words or larger constituents without syntactically subordinating one to the other and expresses a semantic relationship between them, 'DET': Determiners are words that modify nouns or noun phrases and express the reference of the noun phrase in context, 'INTJ': An interjection is a word that is used most often as an exclamation or part of an exclamation, 'NOUN': Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea, 'NUM': A numeral is a word, functioning most typically as a determiner, adjective or pronoun, that expresses a number and a relation to the number, such as quantity, sequence, frequency or fraction, 'PART': Particles are function words that must be associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning and that do not satisfy definitions of other universal parts of speech, 'PRON': Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context, 'PROPN': A proper noun is a noun (or nominal content word) that is the name (or part of the name) of a specific individual, place, or object, 'PUNCT': Punctuation marks are non-alphabetical characters and character groups used in many languages to delimit linguistic units in printed text, 'SCONJ': A subordinating conjunction is a conjunction that links constructions by making one of them a constituent of the other. The subordinating conjunction typically marks the incorporated constituent which has the status of a (subordinate) clause, 'SYM': A symbol is a word-like entity that differs from ordinary words by form, function or both, 'VERB': A verb is a member of the syntactic class of words that typically signal events and actions, can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause, 'X': The tag X is used for words that for some reason cannot be assigned a real part-of-speech category.
Input: Sentence: There was {{ no }} explanation .
Word: no
Output:
|
DET
|
task583_udeps_eng_coarse_pos_tagging
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Instructions: In this task, you need to provide the parts-of-speech tag of a word present in a sentence specified within curly braces ( '{{ ... }}' ). The parts-of-speech tags are coarse labels that represent a category of words with similar grammatical properties. The list of part-of-speech tags i.e. tagset of this corpus is 'ADJ': Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes, 'ADP': Adposition is a cover term for prepositions and postpositions, 'ADV': Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner, 'AUX': An auxiliary is a function word that accompanies the lexical verb of a verb phrase and expresses grammatical distinctions not carried by the lexical verb, such as person, number, tense, mood, aspect, voice or evidentiality, 'CCONJ': A coordinating conjunction is a word that links words or larger constituents without syntactically subordinating one to the other and expresses a semantic relationship between them, 'DET': Determiners are words that modify nouns or noun phrases and express the reference of the noun phrase in context, 'INTJ': An interjection is a word that is used most often as an exclamation or part of an exclamation, 'NOUN': Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea, 'NUM': A numeral is a word, functioning most typically as a determiner, adjective or pronoun, that expresses a number and a relation to the number, such as quantity, sequence, frequency or fraction, 'PART': Particles are function words that must be associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning and that do not satisfy definitions of other universal parts of speech, 'PRON': Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context, 'PROPN': A proper noun is a noun (or nominal content word) that is the name (or part of the name) of a specific individual, place, or object, 'PUNCT': Punctuation marks are non-alphabetical characters and character groups used in many languages to delimit linguistic units in printed text, 'SCONJ': A subordinating conjunction is a conjunction that links constructions by making one of them a constituent of the other. The subordinating conjunction typically marks the incorporated constituent which has the status of a (subordinate) clause, 'SYM': A symbol is a word-like entity that differs from ordinary words by form, function or both, 'VERB': A verb is a member of the syntactic class of words that typically signal events and actions, can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause, 'X': The tag X is used for words that for some reason cannot be assigned a real part-of-speech category.
Input: Sentence: As I have gone through many reviews sites to see if any provider is providing better services or not , and I have realized {{ that }} there were many good reviews about Liquidweb also Steven never faced any server issues in his whole hosting .
Word: that
Output:
|
SCONJ
|
task583_udeps_eng_coarse_pos_tagging
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Part 1. Definition
In this task, you need to provide the parts-of-speech tag of a word present in a sentence specified within curly braces ( '{{ ... }}' ). The parts-of-speech tags are coarse labels that represent a category of words with similar grammatical properties. The list of part-of-speech tags i.e. tagset of this corpus is 'ADJ': Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes, 'ADP': Adposition is a cover term for prepositions and postpositions, 'ADV': Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner, 'AUX': An auxiliary is a function word that accompanies the lexical verb of a verb phrase and expresses grammatical distinctions not carried by the lexical verb, such as person, number, tense, mood, aspect, voice or evidentiality, 'CCONJ': A coordinating conjunction is a word that links words or larger constituents without syntactically subordinating one to the other and expresses a semantic relationship between them, 'DET': Determiners are words that modify nouns or noun phrases and express the reference of the noun phrase in context, 'INTJ': An interjection is a word that is used most often as an exclamation or part of an exclamation, 'NOUN': Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea, 'NUM': A numeral is a word, functioning most typically as a determiner, adjective or pronoun, that expresses a number and a relation to the number, such as quantity, sequence, frequency or fraction, 'PART': Particles are function words that must be associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning and that do not satisfy definitions of other universal parts of speech, 'PRON': Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context, 'PROPN': A proper noun is a noun (or nominal content word) that is the name (or part of the name) of a specific individual, place, or object, 'PUNCT': Punctuation marks are non-alphabetical characters and character groups used in many languages to delimit linguistic units in printed text, 'SCONJ': A subordinating conjunction is a conjunction that links constructions by making one of them a constituent of the other. The subordinating conjunction typically marks the incorporated constituent which has the status of a (subordinate) clause, 'SYM': A symbol is a word-like entity that differs from ordinary words by form, function or both, 'VERB': A verb is a member of the syntactic class of words that typically signal events and actions, can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause, 'X': The tag X is used for words that for some reason cannot be assigned a real part-of-speech category.
Part 2. Example
Sentence: An editorial in the church - owned Deseret Morning News in Salt Lake City earlier this year acknowledged that " the state 's history , a {{ conservative }} belief in free choice , and an unwillingness to stir up a hornet 's nest in the national media have likely all contributed to the kid - glove approach lawmakers and law - enforcement officers have taken when dealing with polygamous communities . "
Word: conservative
Answer: ADJ
Explanation: "conservative" is an Adjective (ADJ) since it adds to the description of the Noun (NOUN) "belief".
Part 3. Exercise
Sentence: Boulder , CO , Feb. {{ 23 }} ( UPI ) --
Word: 23
Answer:
|
NUM
|
task583_udeps_eng_coarse_pos_tagging
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 7
|
train
|
In this task, you need to provide the parts-of-speech tag of a word present in a sentence specified within curly braces ( '{{ ... }}' ). The parts-of-speech tags are coarse labels that represent a category of words with similar grammatical properties. The list of part-of-speech tags i.e. tagset of this corpus is 'ADJ': Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes, 'ADP': Adposition is a cover term for prepositions and postpositions, 'ADV': Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner, 'AUX': An auxiliary is a function word that accompanies the lexical verb of a verb phrase and expresses grammatical distinctions not carried by the lexical verb, such as person, number, tense, mood, aspect, voice or evidentiality, 'CCONJ': A coordinating conjunction is a word that links words or larger constituents without syntactically subordinating one to the other and expresses a semantic relationship between them, 'DET': Determiners are words that modify nouns or noun phrases and express the reference of the noun phrase in context, 'INTJ': An interjection is a word that is used most often as an exclamation or part of an exclamation, 'NOUN': Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea, 'NUM': A numeral is a word, functioning most typically as a determiner, adjective or pronoun, that expresses a number and a relation to the number, such as quantity, sequence, frequency or fraction, 'PART': Particles are function words that must be associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning and that do not satisfy definitions of other universal parts of speech, 'PRON': Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context, 'PROPN': A proper noun is a noun (or nominal content word) that is the name (or part of the name) of a specific individual, place, or object, 'PUNCT': Punctuation marks are non-alphabetical characters and character groups used in many languages to delimit linguistic units in printed text, 'SCONJ': A subordinating conjunction is a conjunction that links constructions by making one of them a constituent of the other. The subordinating conjunction typically marks the incorporated constituent which has the status of a (subordinate) clause, 'SYM': A symbol is a word-like entity that differs from ordinary words by form, function or both, 'VERB': A verb is a member of the syntactic class of words that typically signal events and actions, can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause, 'X': The tag X is used for words that for some reason cannot be assigned a real part-of-speech category.
Example: Sentence: An editorial in the church - owned Deseret Morning News in Salt Lake City earlier this year acknowledged that " the state 's history , a {{ conservative }} belief in free choice , and an unwillingness to stir up a hornet 's nest in the national media have likely all contributed to the kid - glove approach lawmakers and law - enforcement officers have taken when dealing with polygamous communities . "
Word: conservative
Example solution: ADJ
Example explanation: "conservative" is an Adjective (ADJ) since it adds to the description of the Noun (NOUN) "belief".
Problem: Sentence: Chicken salad salad {{ is }} great too .
Word: is
|
Solution: AUX
|
task583_udeps_eng_coarse_pos_tagging
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
In this task, you need to provide the parts-of-speech tag of a word present in a sentence specified within curly braces ( '{{ ... }}' ). The parts-of-speech tags are coarse labels that represent a category of words with similar grammatical properties. The list of part-of-speech tags i.e. tagset of this corpus is 'ADJ': Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes, 'ADP': Adposition is a cover term for prepositions and postpositions, 'ADV': Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner, 'AUX': An auxiliary is a function word that accompanies the lexical verb of a verb phrase and expresses grammatical distinctions not carried by the lexical verb, such as person, number, tense, mood, aspect, voice or evidentiality, 'CCONJ': A coordinating conjunction is a word that links words or larger constituents without syntactically subordinating one to the other and expresses a semantic relationship between them, 'DET': Determiners are words that modify nouns or noun phrases and express the reference of the noun phrase in context, 'INTJ': An interjection is a word that is used most often as an exclamation or part of an exclamation, 'NOUN': Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea, 'NUM': A numeral is a word, functioning most typically as a determiner, adjective or pronoun, that expresses a number and a relation to the number, such as quantity, sequence, frequency or fraction, 'PART': Particles are function words that must be associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning and that do not satisfy definitions of other universal parts of speech, 'PRON': Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context, 'PROPN': A proper noun is a noun (or nominal content word) that is the name (or part of the name) of a specific individual, place, or object, 'PUNCT': Punctuation marks are non-alphabetical characters and character groups used in many languages to delimit linguistic units in printed text, 'SCONJ': A subordinating conjunction is a conjunction that links constructions by making one of them a constituent of the other. The subordinating conjunction typically marks the incorporated constituent which has the status of a (subordinate) clause, 'SYM': A symbol is a word-like entity that differs from ordinary words by form, function or both, 'VERB': A verb is a member of the syntactic class of words that typically signal events and actions, can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause, 'X': The tag X is used for words that for some reason cannot be assigned a real part-of-speech category.
Let me give you an example: Sentence: An editorial in the church - owned Deseret Morning News in Salt Lake City earlier this year acknowledged that " the state 's history , a {{ conservative }} belief in free choice , and an unwillingness to stir up a hornet 's nest in the national media have likely all contributed to the kid - glove approach lawmakers and law - enforcement officers have taken when dealing with polygamous communities . "
Word: conservative
The answer to this example can be: ADJ
Here is why: "conservative" is an Adjective (ADJ) since it adds to the description of the Noun (NOUN) "belief".
OK. solve this:
Sentence: SPLOID.com cited you on the topic of that priest conviction {{ : }} http://www.sploid.com/news/2006/05/evil_priest_gui.php
Word: :
Answer:
|
PUNCT
|
task583_udeps_eng_coarse_pos_tagging
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 8
|
test
|
In this task, you need to provide the parts-of-speech tag of a word present in a sentence specified within curly braces ( '{{ ... }}' ). The parts-of-speech tags are coarse labels that represent a category of words with similar grammatical properties. The list of part-of-speech tags i.e. tagset of this corpus is 'ADJ': Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes, 'ADP': Adposition is a cover term for prepositions and postpositions, 'ADV': Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner, 'AUX': An auxiliary is a function word that accompanies the lexical verb of a verb phrase and expresses grammatical distinctions not carried by the lexical verb, such as person, number, tense, mood, aspect, voice or evidentiality, 'CCONJ': A coordinating conjunction is a word that links words or larger constituents without syntactically subordinating one to the other and expresses a semantic relationship between them, 'DET': Determiners are words that modify nouns or noun phrases and express the reference of the noun phrase in context, 'INTJ': An interjection is a word that is used most often as an exclamation or part of an exclamation, 'NOUN': Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea, 'NUM': A numeral is a word, functioning most typically as a determiner, adjective or pronoun, that expresses a number and a relation to the number, such as quantity, sequence, frequency or fraction, 'PART': Particles are function words that must be associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning and that do not satisfy definitions of other universal parts of speech, 'PRON': Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context, 'PROPN': A proper noun is a noun (or nominal content word) that is the name (or part of the name) of a specific individual, place, or object, 'PUNCT': Punctuation marks are non-alphabetical characters and character groups used in many languages to delimit linguistic units in printed text, 'SCONJ': A subordinating conjunction is a conjunction that links constructions by making one of them a constituent of the other. The subordinating conjunction typically marks the incorporated constituent which has the status of a (subordinate) clause, 'SYM': A symbol is a word-like entity that differs from ordinary words by form, function or both, 'VERB': A verb is a member of the syntactic class of words that typically signal events and actions, can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause, 'X': The tag X is used for words that for some reason cannot be assigned a real part-of-speech category.
Let me give you an example: Sentence: An editorial in the church - owned Deseret Morning News in Salt Lake City earlier this year acknowledged that " the state 's history , a {{ conservative }} belief in free choice , and an unwillingness to stir up a hornet 's nest in the national media have likely all contributed to the kid - glove approach lawmakers and law - enforcement officers have taken when dealing with polygamous communities . "
Word: conservative
The answer to this example can be: ADJ
Here is why: "conservative" is an Adjective (ADJ) since it adds to the description of the Noun (NOUN) "belief".
OK. solve this:
Sentence: {{ Well }} , it 's not as simple and clear cut as all that .
Word: Well
Answer:
|
INTJ
|
task583_udeps_eng_coarse_pos_tagging
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 8
|
validation
|
Detailed Instructions: An answer is given. Generate a question for which the given answer is either a direct or partial answer.
Q: Answer: white house (plantation)
A:
|
where was george washingtons wedding?
|
task443_com_qa_ans_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
An answer is given. Generate a question for which the given answer is either a direct or partial answer.
[Q]: Answer: england
[A]: what nationality are peter andre's parents?
[Q]: Answer: john franklin
[A]: who is jonh franklin?
[Q]: Answer: sacha baron cohen
[A]:
|
who voices king julien in madagascar?
|
task443_com_qa_ans_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
Teacher:An answer is given. Generate a question for which the given answer is either a direct or partial answer.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Answer: continental army
Student:
|
george washington was commander-in chief of what army?
|
task443_com_qa_ans_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
instruction:
An answer is given. Generate a question for which the given answer is either a direct or partial answer.
question:
Answer: mohamed amin didi
answer:
who was the first president of maldives?
question:
Answer: space shuttle columbia
answer:
what was the first space shuttle to fly to space?
question:
Answer: old trafford, greater manchester
answer:
|
what city is manchester united stadium located?
|
task443_com_qa_ans_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
An answer is given. Generate a question for which the given answer is either a direct or partial answer.
Answer: lech kaczy%c5%84ski
|
who was the president of poland in may 2009?
|
task443_com_qa_ans_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 0
|
train
|
Q: An answer is given. Generate a question for which the given answer is either a direct or partial answer.
Answer: italy
A:
|
what european country was 1st winner of the new fifa world cup trophy?
|
task443_com_qa_ans_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 7
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: An answer is given. Generate a question for which the given answer is either a direct or partial answer.
Q: Answer: rebecca cole
A:
|
who were rebecca cole siblings?
|
task443_com_qa_ans_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: An answer is given. Generate a question for which the given answer is either a direct or partial answer.
Problem:Answer: james s. sherman
Solution:
|
who was the us vice president of 1910 to 1919?
|
task443_com_qa_ans_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 8
|
train
|
An answer is given. Generate a question for which the given answer is either a direct or partial answer.
Let me give you an example: Answer: victoria woodhull
The answer to this example can be: who was the first women to run for presidency in the us?
Here is why: The given answer directly answers the generated question
OK. solve this:
Answer: mesoamerican ballgame
Answer:
|
what did the maya do for recreation?
|
task443_com_qa_ans_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 8
|
test
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
An answer is given. Generate a question for which the given answer is either a direct or partial answer.
Answer: the sex and violence family hour
Output:
|
what is jim carreys 1st film?
|
task443_com_qa_ans_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 1
|
validation
|
instruction:
Given a sentence in Vietnamese, generate a new Vietnamese sentence by performing small changes on the sentence. Here, make sure that the changes are semantically related and syntactically similar to the input. And the generated sentence should have high commonsense plausibility, that is to have reasonable probability of it being true.
question:
Một quan tòa có thể dàn xếp chuyện này.
answer:
Một quan tòa có thể sắp xếp một cuộc hôn nhân.
question:
Anh có thể tìm thấy một quả bom trong quân đội.
answer:
Anh có khả năng là người phụ trách quân đội.
question:
Rất có thể bạn sẽ tìm thấy một con mèo trong một túi giấy.
answer:
|
Bạn có thể chào đón một con mèo trong một túi xách.
|
task411_mickey_vi_sentence_perturbation_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
Q: Given a sentence in Vietnamese, generate a new Vietnamese sentence by performing small changes on the sentence. Here, make sure that the changes are semantically related and syntactically similar to the input. And the generated sentence should have high commonsense plausibility, that is to have reasonable probability of it being true.
Bạn có thể thực hiện một đạo diễn trong nghệ thuật.
A:
|
Rất có thể bạn sẽ tìm thấy một kiệt tác trong nghệ thuật.
|
task411_mickey_vi_sentence_perturbation_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 7
|
train
|
Given a sentence in Vietnamese, generate a new Vietnamese sentence by performing small changes on the sentence. Here, make sure that the changes are semantically related and syntactically similar to the input. And the generated sentence should have high commonsense plausibility, that is to have reasonable probability of it being true.
Nếu bạn muốn lắng nghe, bạn nên đặt phần của mình vào nỗ lực.
Nếu anh muốn nghe thì anh nên đặt cây cọc vào toa xe.
Một bệnh nhân có thể chờ ngoài hành lang.
Một tiểu bang có thể đợi ở giữa.
Bạn sẽ rơi vào một đường dây bởi vì bạn quên nghỉ ngơi.
|
Bạn sẽ bò trên một chiếc ghế bởi vì bạn muốn nghỉ ngơi.
|
task411_mickey_vi_sentence_perturbation_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 0
|
train
|
Given a sentence in Vietnamese, generate a new Vietnamese sentence by performing small changes on the sentence. Here, make sure that the changes are semantically related and syntactically similar to the input. And the generated sentence should have high commonsense plausibility, that is to have reasonable probability of it being true.
One example is below.
Q: Anh đang muốn lấy một cái mũ trong một cái hộp.
A: Anh không sao cả khi nhìn thấy một cái mũ trong một cái hộp.
Rationale: This is a good change in the input. The created sentence is semantically similar to the input as both are talking about a hat in a box and the changes in the sentence follows the commonsense knowledge.
Q: Nếu ngươi muốn thách thức một quốc gia thì phải dùng quân đội.
A:
|
Nếu bạn dừng lại để bán một bóng đá thì bạn nên sử dụng một quân đội.
|
task411_mickey_vi_sentence_perturbation_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
Given a sentence in Vietnamese, generate a new Vietnamese sentence by performing small changes on the sentence. Here, make sure that the changes are semantically related and syntactically similar to the input. And the generated sentence should have high commonsense plausibility, that is to have reasonable probability of it being true.
Example: Anh đang muốn lấy một cái mũ trong một cái hộp.
Example solution: Anh không sao cả khi nhìn thấy một cái mũ trong một cái hộp.
Example explanation: This is a good change in the input. The created sentence is semantically similar to the input as both are talking about a hat in a box and the changes in the sentence follows the commonsense knowledge.
Problem: Bạn có thể sẽ yêu cầu một nhân viên bảo vệ đám cưới trong một ký túc xá.
|
Solution: Cậu phải đi tìm một cái nhẫn cưới trong một bộ phim.
|
task411_mickey_vi_sentence_perturbation_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
Given a sentence in Vietnamese, generate a new Vietnamese sentence by performing small changes on the sentence. Here, make sure that the changes are semantically related and syntactically similar to the input. And the generated sentence should have high commonsense plausibility, that is to have reasonable probability of it being true.
Bạn sẽ đọc báo bởi vì bạn muốn biết về thị trường tài chính.
Bạn sẽ đánh giá tờ báo vì bạn muốn biết về thị trường tài chính.
Nếu bạn muốn làm việc trên giường sau đó bạn nên im lặng chuông báo động.
Nếu anh muốn tin vào giường thì anh nên tắt chuông báo động đi.
Bạn có thể mua sản phẩm sản phẩm sản xuất sản phẩm sản phẩm sản phẩm mỹ phẩm trong một số cửa hàng.
|
Bạn có thể làm rối loạn sản phẩm mỹ phẩm trong một số cửa hàng.
|
task411_mickey_vi_sentence_perturbation_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 0
|
train
|
Definition: Given a sentence in Vietnamese, generate a new Vietnamese sentence by performing small changes on the sentence. Here, make sure that the changes are semantically related and syntactically similar to the input. And the generated sentence should have high commonsense plausibility, that is to have reasonable probability of it being true.
Input: Nếu bạn muốn đi dự một buổi hòa nhạc, sau đó bạn nên mua mùa giải.
Output:
|
Nếu bạn muốn đi dự một buổi hòa nhạc, sau đó bạn nên gọi cho mùa giải.
|
task411_mickey_vi_sentence_perturbation_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 2
|
train
|
Definition: Given a sentence in Vietnamese, generate a new Vietnamese sentence by performing small changes on the sentence. Here, make sure that the changes are semantically related and syntactically similar to the input. And the generated sentence should have high commonsense plausibility, that is to have reasonable probability of it being true.
Input: Những người mới xây dựng sẽ làm cho bạn muốn có một bữa tiệc.
Output:
|
Những ý tưởng mới sẽ làm cho bạn muốn có một bữa tiệc.
|
task411_mickey_vi_sentence_perturbation_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 2
|
train
|
TASK DEFINITION: Given a sentence in Vietnamese, generate a new Vietnamese sentence by performing small changes on the sentence. Here, make sure that the changes are semantically related and syntactically similar to the input. And the generated sentence should have high commonsense plausibility, that is to have reasonable probability of it being true.
PROBLEM: Tất cả chúng ta đều khuyến khích nhiều thời gian hơn để vui hưởng đời sống.
SOLUTION: Chúng ta đều cần thêm thời gian để tận hưởng niềm vui.
PROBLEM: Anh sẽ tấn công kẻ thù vì anh muốn đơn vị của mình chiến thắng.
SOLUTION: Bạn sẽ chiến đấu trong thời gian vì bạn muốn giá trị của bạn chiến thắng.
PROBLEM: Một đứa trẻ có thể vượt qua một cuộc dã ngoại trên biển.
SOLUTION:
|
Một con thuyền có thể vượt qua một cơn bão trên biển.
|
task411_mickey_vi_sentence_perturbation_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 8
|
test
|
Given a sentence in Vietnamese, generate a new Vietnamese sentence by performing small changes on the sentence. Here, make sure that the changes are semantically related and syntactically similar to the input. And the generated sentence should have high commonsense plausibility, that is to have reasonable probability of it being true.
Example Input: Bạn sẽ mua một tờ giấy nhỏ vì bạn muốn bạn được thu hút bởi phong cách này.
Example Output: Bạn sẽ mua một chiếc ghế dài bởi vì bạn muốn bạn bị cuốn hút bởi phong cách.
Example Input: Rất có thể bạn sẽ mang giày trước cửa.
Example Output: Rất có thể bạn đã thấy những đôi giày ở trước cửa.
Example Input: Anh có thể đi vệ sinh trong một cái hộp.
Example Output:
|
Rất có thể bạn sẽ phải đối mặt với một nhà vệ sinh trong một bài giảng.
|
task411_mickey_vi_sentence_perturbation_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 3
|
validation
|
Detailed Instructions: You are given a paragraph, with numbered sentences, and a question. Write the numbers of the sentences needed to answer the given question. Separate multiple sentence numbers with a comma (", "). E.g. "1, 2" would be the correct response if Sent 1 and Sent 2 are needed to answer the given question (do not include sentences that contain no information that is necessary to answer the question). Sort the sentence numbers in an increasing order (i.e., '1, 2', instead of '2, 1'). Your answer should not contain anything than the sentence numbers separated by a comma (e.g. '1, 2, 3, 4'). The given question requires more than one sentence to answer. So, your answer must contain at least one comma (", ").
Problem:Paragraph- Sent 1: These incoherent words threw the first glimpse of light on the meaning of her distress and penitence.
Sent 2: I doubt if the best woman in Christendom would so reproach and abase herself, if convicted of even a worse sin than the secret use of those stimulants for which the _charny_ is a Martial equivalent.
Sent 3: No Martialist would dream of poisoning his blood and besotting his brain with alcohol in any form.
Sent 4: But their opiates affect a race addicted to physical repose, to sensuous enjoyment rather than to sensual excitement, and to lucid intellectual contemplation, with a sense of serene delight as supremely delicious to their temperament as the dreamy illusions of haschisch to the Turk, the fierce frenzy of bhang to the Malay, or the wild excitement of brandy or Geneva to the races of Northern Europe.
Sent 5: But as with the luxury of intoxication in Europe, so in Mars indulgence in these drugs, freely permitted to the one sex, is strictly forbidden by opinion and domestic rule to the other.
Sent 6: A lady discovered in the use of _charny_ is as deeply disgraced as an European matron detected in the secret enjoyment of spirits and cigars; and her lord and master takes care to render her sufficiently conscious of her fault.
Question: What is some of the comparisons used for for _charny_ as a drug?.
Solution:
|
4, 5.
|
task049_multirc_questions_needed_to_answer
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 8
|
train
|
You are given a paragraph, with numbered sentences, and a question. Write the numbers of the sentences needed to answer the given question. Separate multiple sentence numbers with a comma (", "). E.g. "1, 2" would be the correct response if Sent 1 and Sent 2 are needed to answer the given question (do not include sentences that contain no information that is necessary to answer the question). Sort the sentence numbers in an increasing order (i.e., '1, 2', instead of '2, 1'). Your answer should not contain anything than the sentence numbers separated by a comma (e.g. '1, 2, 3, 4'). The given question requires more than one sentence to answer. So, your answer must contain at least one comma (", ").
Example: Paragraph- Sent 1: A Republican bid to keep the government open past Friday includes no new money for the construction of a border wall along the U.S.-Mexico border, according to several congressional aides familiar with ongoing talks.
Sent 2: GOP leaders submitted the new offer Tuesday afternoon in an effort to appease Democrats, whose votes are needed to avert a shutdown of federal agencies, several House and Senate aides said.
Sent 3: However, Republicans also insisted on increases in border security and defense spending, including money to repair existing fencing and new surveillance technology to patrol the nearly 2,000-mile border.
Sent 4: Democrats have indicated that they would support such appropriations so long as no money goes toward an actual wall.
Question: Who has to be appeased to keep the government open?.
Example solution: 1, 2.
Example explanation: The question is: Who has to be appeased to keep the government open? The phrase "appease Democrats" is mentioned in Sent 2, about accepting offer that is mentioned in Sent 1 to "keep the government open". So, Sent 1 and Sent 2 are the sentences needed to answer this question.
Problem: Paragraph- Sent 1: The driver of the Facel Vega car, Michel Gallimard, who was Camus's publisher and close friend, also died in the accident.
Sent 2: In August 2011, the Milan newspaper Corriere della Sera reported a theory that the writer had been the victim of a Soviet plot, but Camus's biographer, Olivier Todd, did not consider it credible.
Sent 3: Camus was buried in the Lourmarin Cemetery, Lourmarin, Vaucluse, France.
Sent 4: He was the second-youngest recipient, at the age of 44, of the Nobel Prize in Literature, after Rudyard Kipling, at the age of 42.
Sent 5: He was survived by his wife and twin son and daughter, Jean and Catherine, who hold the copyrights to his work.
Sent 6: Two of Camus's works were published posthumously.
Sent 7: The first, entitled A Happy Death (1970), featured a character named Patrice Mersault, comparable to The Stranger's Meursault.
Sent 8: There is scholarly debate as to the relationship between the two books.
Sent 9: The second was an unfinished novel, The First Man (1995), which Camus was writing before he died.
Sent 10: The novel was an autobiographical work about his childhood in Algeria.
Question: Which two Camus books is there a scholarly debate about?.
|
Solution: 7, 8, 9.
|
task049_multirc_questions_needed_to_answer
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
You are given a paragraph, with numbered sentences, and a question. Write the numbers of the sentences needed to answer the given question. Separate multiple sentence numbers with a comma (", "). E.g. "1, 2" would be the correct response if Sent 1 and Sent 2 are needed to answer the given question (do not include sentences that contain no information that is necessary to answer the question). Sort the sentence numbers in an increasing order (i.e., '1, 2', instead of '2, 1'). Your answer should not contain anything than the sentence numbers separated by a comma (e.g. '1, 2, 3, 4'). The given question requires more than one sentence to answer. So, your answer must contain at least one comma (", ").
Input: Consider Input: Paragraph- Sent 1: Assisting Zionist causes Einstein was a figurehead leader in helping establish the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, which opened in 1925, and was among its first Board of Governors.
Sent 2: Earlier, in 1921, he was asked by the biochemist and president of the World Zionist Organization, Chaim Weizmann, to help raise funds for the planned university.
Sent 3: He also submitted various suggestions as to its initial programs.
Sent 4: Among those, he advised first creating an Institute of Agriculture in order to settle the undeveloped land.
Sent 5: That should be followed, he suggested, by a Chemical Institute and an Institute of Microbiology, to fight the various ongoing epidemics such as malaria, which he called an "evil" that was undermining a third of the country's development.
Sent 6: Establishing an Oriental Studies Institute, to include language courses given in both Hebrew and Arabic, for scientific exploration of the country and its historical monuments, was also important.
Sent 7: Chaim Weizmann later became Israel's first president.
Sent 8: Upon his death while in office in November 1952 and at the urging of Ezriel Carlebach, Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion offered Einstein the position of President of Israel, a mostly ceremonial post.
Sent 9: The offer was presented by Israel's ambassador in Washington, Abba Eban, who explained that the offer "embodies the deepest respect which the Jewish people can repose in any of its sons".
Sent 10: Einstein declined, and wrote in his response that he was "deeply moved", and "at once saddened and ashamed" that he could not accept it.
Question: Who presented the offer of the ceremonial position of president to Einstein?.
Output: 8, 9.
Input: Consider Input: Paragraph- Sent 1: Dick was enraged to see how contentedly the men bore the irksome confinement, the meager food, and harsh peremptoriness of the beardless boys set over them as guards.
Sent 2: Most of the prisoners passed the time in cards, playing for buttons, trinkets, or what not that formed their scanty possessions.
Sent 3: Dick learned that all the commissioned officers of the company with Wesley Boone had been wounded or killed in the charge near the stone bridge.
Sent 4: Wesley had been with the prisoners at first.
Sent 5: He had been struck on the head, and was in a raging fever when his father and sister came to the prison to take him away.
Sent 6: No one could tell where he was now, but Dick knew that he must be in the city, since there were no exchanges, the Confederates allowing no one to leave the lines except women with the dead, or those who came from the North on special permits.
Sent 7: Then he visited the provost headquarters, and was shown the complete list of names recorded in the books there; but Barney's was not among them.
Sent 8: At the Spottswood Hotel, the day after his coming, he met Elisha Boone, haggard, depressed, almost despairing.
Sent 9: Dick had no love for the hard-headed plutocrat, but he couldn't resist making himself known.
Question: Having a list of names who did Dick see?.
Output: 7, 8.
Input: Consider Input: Paragraph- Sent 1: Low-income domestic violence victims may find long-term legal help -- representation in divorces or child-custody disputes -- hard to come by, if two organizations now providing such help can't replace their lost funding.
Sent 2: The Legal Aid Society of Salt Lake and Utah Legal Services are already facing cutbacks after they were refused a federal grant of more than $450,000 in September.
Sent 3: The board overseeing the state Office of Crime Victim Reparations [CVR] has voted to deny a stopgap funding request from the two organizations.
Sent 4: While describing the request as a worthy cause, board members agreed Tuesday that funding divorces or custody disputes was outside their focus -- providing direct services for crime victims.
Sent 5: The $175,000 requested would have allowed the legal aid groups to maintain a skeleton staff to continue providing help beyond emergency protective orders for victims, completing existing cases and offering services in limited cases.
Sent 6: The groups also plan to enlist more pro bono attorneys through coordination with the Utah State Bar. "We don't have a lot more options," said Anne Milne, executive director of Utah Legal Services, after learning of the CVR refusal Wednesday.
Sent 7: The organization has already lost some staff through attrition and has turned away some cases, she said.
Sent 8: Milne said she may ask the board overseeing her organization to give her until November to seek funding from additional sources.
Sent 9: Without additional funding, the outlook for longer-term legal help is unclear.
Sent 10: For two years, the groups had received 18-month civil legal assistance grants from the U.S. Department of Justice and had used them to provide such assistance.
Sent 11: But last month, a third request was denied.
Sent 12: Funding used to help victims obtain emergency protective orders remains in place, said Milne and Stewart Ralphs, executive director of the Legal Aid Society of Salt Lake.
Sent 13: Although an order's requirements that an abuser stay away from a victim may remain in effect for years, protective orders only settle issues such as child custody, child support, custody and property arrangements for 150 days.
Sent 14: Many judges are reluctant to address those issues in emergency protective orders, since the decrees stay in effect for such a short time, Milne and Ralphs said.
Sent 15: "The likelihood a victim will return to her abuser increases if she cannot permanently sever the relationship and establish workable support, custody and property arrangements," the funding request to CVR said.
Sent 16: The Department of Justice said it denied the grant application, in part, because evaluators did not see enough collaboration between the organizations and victims' advocates, Ralphs and Milne told CVR board members.
Sent 17: While the two said they believe their organizations coordinate well, the organizations cannot appeal the grant denial.
Sent 18: Although CVR board members considered giving the money as a loan, not a grant, their vote on the funding request -- taken after Milne and Ralphs left the meeting -- was unanimous.
Question: Protective orders only stay in effect for 150 days. What is a result of this shorter term decrees when going before a judge?.
|
Output: 2.
|
task049_multirc_questions_needed_to_answer
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 2
|
train
|
Instructions: You are given a paragraph, with numbered sentences, and a question. Write the numbers of the sentences needed to answer the given question. Separate multiple sentence numbers with a comma (", "). E.g. "1, 2" would be the correct response if Sent 1 and Sent 2 are needed to answer the given question (do not include sentences that contain no information that is necessary to answer the question). Sort the sentence numbers in an increasing order (i.e., '1, 2', instead of '2, 1'). Your answer should not contain anything than the sentence numbers separated by a comma (e.g. '1, 2, 3, 4'). The given question requires more than one sentence to answer. So, your answer must contain at least one comma (", ").
Input: Paragraph- Sent 1: (CNN) -- Japan's prime minister conceded defeat in parliamentary elections Sunday, signaling the return to power of the Liberal Democratic Party and ending the brief rule of the disappointing upstart Democratic Party of Japan.
Sent 2: Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda pledged to step down as party president after exit polls showed a smashing loss in lower house voting.
Sent 3: The party, once seen as a breath of fresh air in Japanese politics, came to be regarded as increasingly ineffective.
Sent 4: "We got a regrettable result," Noda said.
Sent 5: "The result is everything in the politics.
Sent 6: The biggest responsibility lies on me.
Sent 7: I will quit as the partly leader of DPJ."Sent 8: The move clears the way for the return to power of former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, the current leader of the conservative-leaning Liberal Democratic Party, or LDP.
Sent 9: "The Japanese people will be keenly looking whether the LDP can meet with their expectations," Abe said in interviews after the polling.
Sent 10: The LDP ruled the country almost continuously since its establishment in 1955 until it was forced from power three years ago by the DPJ.
Sent 11: Public broadcaster NHK said the LDP and its coalition partner, the new Komei party, gained at least 302 seats in the 480-seat lower house.
Sent 12: CNN's main affiliate, TV Asahi, reports the LDP/Komei coalition gained at least 312 seats.
Sent 13: The official count is expected to be released Monday.
Sent 14: The LDP is inheriting a struggling economy, regional tensions and questions over Japan's role in Asia.
Sent 15: "The economy is at the bottom.
Sent 16: It's our first mission to turn it around," Abe said.
Question: What is the first mission of the LDP?.
Output:
|
14, 15, 16.
|
task049_multirc_questions_needed_to_answer
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
You are given a paragraph, with numbered sentences, and a question. Write the numbers of the sentences needed to answer the given question. Separate multiple sentence numbers with a comma (", "). E.g. "1, 2" would be the correct response if Sent 1 and Sent 2 are needed to answer the given question (do not include sentences that contain no information that is necessary to answer the question). Sort the sentence numbers in an increasing order (i.e., '1, 2', instead of '2, 1'). Your answer should not contain anything than the sentence numbers separated by a comma (e.g. '1, 2, 3, 4'). The given question requires more than one sentence to answer. So, your answer must contain at least one comma (", ").
Example: Paragraph- Sent 1: A Republican bid to keep the government open past Friday includes no new money for the construction of a border wall along the U.S.-Mexico border, according to several congressional aides familiar with ongoing talks.
Sent 2: GOP leaders submitted the new offer Tuesday afternoon in an effort to appease Democrats, whose votes are needed to avert a shutdown of federal agencies, several House and Senate aides said.
Sent 3: However, Republicans also insisted on increases in border security and defense spending, including money to repair existing fencing and new surveillance technology to patrol the nearly 2,000-mile border.
Sent 4: Democrats have indicated that they would support such appropriations so long as no money goes toward an actual wall.
Question: Who has to be appeased to keep the government open?.
Output: 1, 2.
The question is: Who has to be appeased to keep the government open? The phrase "appease Democrats" is mentioned in Sent 2, about accepting offer that is mentioned in Sent 1 to "keep the government open". So, Sent 1 and Sent 2 are the sentences needed to answer this question.
New input case for you: Paragraph- Sent 1: Ireland has been inhabited since very ancient times, but Irish history really begins with the arrival of the Celts around the 6th century b.c.
Sent 2: , Ireland’s first documented invasion.
Sent 3: They brought with them iron weapons and chariots and codes of custom and conduct that quickly became dominant in the country.
Sent 4: This is the period of myths and legends, later romanticized by Irish writers, that still exercise their power today.
Sent 5: The Celts were organized along a family- and clan-based system, and Celtic Ireland became a series of independent kingdoms.
Sent 6: Nominally these kingdoms acknowledged an elected High King, with his seat at fabled Tara, as overlord.
Sent 7: There were no towns, and the cow was the medium of exchange.
Sent 8: Learning was revered, games were played, and the poet was held in awe.
Sent 9: Law and religion were important in Celtic culture.
Sent 10: The religion was druidic, and the law was an elaborate written code, interpreted by a class of professional lawyers known as brehons.
Sent 11: The brehon laws gave women a high status — they could own property, divorce, and even enter the professions.
Sent 12: Christianity and a Mission to Europe St. Patrick first came to Ireland as a prisoner, captured in an Irish raid on a Roman settlement in Britain.
Sent 13: He eventually escaped and returned to Ireland as a missionary in a.d.
Sent 14: By the time of Patrick’s death in a.d.
Sent 15: 465, the whole country was effectively Christianized — a peaceful process, without a single martyr, which speaks for Patrick’s natural diplomacy as well as his powers of persuasion.
Sent 16: Many legends surround his mission.
Sent 17: It was St. Patrick who used the example of the shamrock to explain the Christian Trinity to King Laoghaire and an assembled crowd at Tara.
Question: Who was St. Patrick's mission?.
Output:
|
1, 2, 3.
|
task049_multirc_questions_needed_to_answer
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 1
|
train
|
You are given a paragraph, with numbered sentences, and a question. Write the numbers of the sentences needed to answer the given question. Separate multiple sentence numbers with a comma (", "). E.g. "1, 2" would be the correct response if Sent 1 and Sent 2 are needed to answer the given question (do not include sentences that contain no information that is necessary to answer the question). Sort the sentence numbers in an increasing order (i.e., '1, 2', instead of '2, 1'). Your answer should not contain anything than the sentence numbers separated by a comma (e.g. '1, 2, 3, 4'). The given question requires more than one sentence to answer. So, your answer must contain at least one comma (", ").
One example: Paragraph- Sent 1: A Republican bid to keep the government open past Friday includes no new money for the construction of a border wall along the U.S.-Mexico border, according to several congressional aides familiar with ongoing talks.
Sent 2: GOP leaders submitted the new offer Tuesday afternoon in an effort to appease Democrats, whose votes are needed to avert a shutdown of federal agencies, several House and Senate aides said.
Sent 3: However, Republicans also insisted on increases in border security and defense spending, including money to repair existing fencing and new surveillance technology to patrol the nearly 2,000-mile border.
Sent 4: Democrats have indicated that they would support such appropriations so long as no money goes toward an actual wall.
Question: Who has to be appeased to keep the government open?.
Solution is here: 1, 2.
Explanation: The question is: Who has to be appeased to keep the government open? The phrase "appease Democrats" is mentioned in Sent 2, about accepting offer that is mentioned in Sent 1 to "keep the government open". So, Sent 1 and Sent 2 are the sentences needed to answer this question.
Now, solve this: Paragraph- Sent 1: Tuesday, September 11, 2001, dawned temperate and nearly cloudless in the eastern United States.
Sent 2: Millions of men and women readied themselves for work.
Sent 3: Some made their way to the Twin Towers, the signature structures of the World Trade Center complex in New York City.
Sent 4: Others went to Arlington, Virginia, to the Pentagon.
Sent 5: Across the Potomac River, the United States Congress was back in session.
Sent 6: At the other end of Pennsylvania Avenue, people began to line up for a White House tour.
Sent 7: In Sarasota, Florida, President George W. Bush went for an early morning run.
Sent 8: For those heading to an airport, weather conditions could not have been better for a safe and pleasant journey.
Sent 9: Among the travelers were Mohamed Atta and Abdul Aziz al Omari, who arrived at the airport in Portland, Maine.
Sent 10: Boston: American 11 and United 175.
Sent 11: Atta and Omari boarded a 6:00 A.M. flight from Portland to Boston's Logan International Airport.
Sent 12: When he checked in for his flight to Boston, Atta was selected by a computerized prescreening system known as CAPPS (Computer Assisted Passenger Prescreening System), created to identify passengers who should be subject to special security measures.
Sent 13: Under security rules in place at the time, the only consequence of Atta's selection by CAPPS was that his checked bags were held off the plane until it was confirmed that he had boarded the aircraft.
Sent 14: This did not hinder Atta's plans.
Sent 15: Atta and Omari arrived in Boston at 6:45.
Sent 16: Seven minutes later, Atta apparently took a call from Marwan al Shehhi, a longtime colleague who was at another terminal at Logan Airport.
Sent 17: They spoke for three minutes.
Sent 18: It would be their final conversation.
Question: Where did Atta and Oari travel from, and where did they travel to?.
Solution:
|
9, 10, 11, 12.
|
task049_multirc_questions_needed_to_answer
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
You are given a paragraph, with numbered sentences, and a question. Write the numbers of the sentences needed to answer the given question. Separate multiple sentence numbers with a comma (", "). E.g. "1, 2" would be the correct response if Sent 1 and Sent 2 are needed to answer the given question (do not include sentences that contain no information that is necessary to answer the question). Sort the sentence numbers in an increasing order (i.e., '1, 2', instead of '2, 1'). Your answer should not contain anything than the sentence numbers separated by a comma (e.g. '1, 2, 3, 4'). The given question requires more than one sentence to answer. So, your answer must contain at least one comma (", ").
[Q]: Paragraph- Sent 1: Energy is the ability to do work.
Sent 2: Another way to say this is, the ability to cause change.
Sent 3: Work is done when a force is used to move something.
Sent 4: When work is done, energy is transferred.
Sent 5: This transfer occurs between one object and another.
Sent 6: For example, a batter swings a bat and transfers energy.
Sent 7: She transfers her energy to the bat.
Sent 8: The moving bat, in turn, transfers energy to the ball.
Sent 9: Energy is measured in the Joule (J).
Sent 10: Energy exists in many forms.
Sent 11: One form of energy is called mechanical.
Sent 12: Mechanical energy is the energy of motion.
Sent 13: This type of energy can also include things that are not yet in motion.
Sent 14: In these cases, they have only a potential to be in motion.
Sent 15: In most cases, this ability comes from a position.
Sent 16: A rock sitting on top of a cliff has potential energy.
Sent 17: It is more than just the ability.
Sent 18: A rock sitting on the ground could move if someone picked it up.
Question: Describe potential energy and give an example.
[A]: 13, 14, 15, 16.
[Q]: Paragraph- Sent 1: After becoming disabled in a machete attack on a visit to his native Haiti, Jean-Claude Joseph needed help persuading his landlord to move him from a fifth-floor apartment to one on the ground floor.
Sent 2: Isaac Benjamin became ensnared in a bureaucratic snafu that took away his Social Security disability payments for more than two years.
Sent 3: The story of Martha, a woman from Sierra Leone, was more compelling.
Sent 4: Beaten, raped and tortured in her politically repressive homeland, she knowingly used someone else's passport to escape to America, but was caught by immigration authorities upon her arrival.
Sent 5: She desperately sought political asylum.
Sent 6: Not the kind of cases that lead to ground-breaking upheavals in the law, but the kind of cases that are handled day in and day out by lawyers for the legally disenfranchised who have no where else to turn.
Sent 7: The work of attorneys from Legal Services of New Jersey will be highlighted in a onehour documentary, "Quest for Justice," to be aired 9 p.m.
Sent 8: today on New Jersey Network.
Sent 9: Produced by NYD2, a communications firm based in Somerset, the documentary features case histories of clients whose needs ranged from housing to fighting off deportation.
Sent 10: Joseph, a 54-year-old naturalized citizen, turned to Legal Services when the landlord of his federally subsidized apartment complex in Elizabeth turned a deaf ear to his request for a ground-floor apartment.
Sent 11: Having lost the use of his left arm in warding off the machete attack during a robbery attempt, Joseph said he found it increasingly difficult to negotiate the five flights of stairs lugging groceries or laundry on the frequent occasions when the building's elevator was out of order.
Sent 12: "With this, it became impossible for me to stay upstairs," he said, pointing to the scars on his forearm.
Sent 13: "If I cannot carry my groceries or my laundry, how can I live?"Sent 14: "It was a compelling case," said Legal Services attorney Stephen St. Hilaire.
Sent 15: "The key for us -- and we have to make tough decisions all the time on whether to take a case -- was visualizing what he had to do to get to the fifth floor, struggling with a bag of groceries," he said.
Sent 16: Benjamin, 53, of Jersey City had been collecting Social Security disability after undergoing double bypass surgery when the checks stopped coming.
Sent 17: He said the agency claimed he had failed to return a form updating the condition of his health.
Sent 18: "But what got me was they didn't let me know they didn't get it, they just cut me off," he said, adding he found it impossible to negotiate the Social Security bureaucracy himself.
Question: Why did Social Security cut off Benjamin of Jersey City?.
[A]: 16, 17.
[Q]: Paragraph- Sent 1: Johnny is a nine year old boy.
Sent 2: On one hot summer day, Johnny is outside his house playing with his dog.
Sent 3: He is very hot and wants to have some ice cream.
Sent 4: He looks in his freezer and sees that he does not have ice cream.
Sent 5: Johnny then hears the song of the ice cream truck.
Sent 6: Johnny runs outside but does not see the ice cream truck.
Sent 7: He looks down the street but the ice cream truck is nowhere to be found.
Sent 8: The music of the truck starts to get softer and then louder.
Sent 9: Johnny waits outside for an hour.
Sent 10: Johnny then thinks that he needs money when the ice cream truck comes.
Sent 11: He runs inside and finds five dollars in his room.
Sent 12: He then hears the ice cream truck song get very loud.
Sent 13: He runs back outside and sees the truck pass his house.
Sent 14: Johnny runs after the truck and catches up with it.
Sent 15: Johnny buys 4 ice cream pops and some candy.
Sent 16: He gives his five dollars to the ice cream man and gets one dollar back.
Sent 17: He walks home and happily eats all of his candy and ice cream.
Question: what does Johnny not have in his freezer.
[A]:
|
2, 4.
|
task049_multirc_questions_needed_to_answer
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
You are given a paragraph, with numbered sentences, and a question. Write the numbers of the sentences needed to answer the given question. Separate multiple sentence numbers with a comma (", "). E.g. "1, 2" would be the correct response if Sent 1 and Sent 2 are needed to answer the given question (do not include sentences that contain no information that is necessary to answer the question). Sort the sentence numbers in an increasing order (i.e., '1, 2', instead of '2, 1'). Your answer should not contain anything than the sentence numbers separated by a comma (e.g. '1, 2, 3, 4'). The given question requires more than one sentence to answer. So, your answer must contain at least one comma (", ").
Q: Paragraph- Sent 1: T. P , one of the head counselors at a camp , is telling a scary story around a campfire to the campers and other counselors , which consist of Betsy , Ellie , Dave , Stacy , Bill , and Max the 40-year-old head counselor .
Sent 2: After T.P. finishes his story , Max begins to tell of a man named Madman Marz , who killed his whole family with an axe , and was convicted , hit in the face with an axe , and hung for his crimes , only to break free of the noose and disappear into the woods .
Sent 3: Max continues by saying that anyone who says his name above a whisper will awaken him and cause him to come back and kill that person .
Sent 4: At that , Richie , a cocky teenager , stands up and screams Madman Marz , throwing a rock into his old house , smashing a window .
Sent 5: Max , annoyed at Richie , ends the campfire , sending everyone to their cabins for the night , while he goes into town to retrieve supplies to help tear down the camp , since it was to end the next day .
Sent 6: While they go back to the cabins , Richie sees Madman Marz up in a tree , and goes to see if it 's really him .
Sent 7: Everyone else gets back to camp , and Max and Dave try to retrieve the axe they had used to cut wood out of a log , but it is stuck .
Sent 8: The cook , Dippy , comes out , and wishes them all a good night , before Marz comes in and rips his throat out , and rips the axe out of the log .
Sent 9: T.P. tries to get Betsy to go out with him , but she refuses , causing a scene .
Sent 10: After the kids have gone to sleep , the rest of the counselors see Max off and go into the rec room to relax .
Question: Who told a story by the campfire?.
A:
|
1, 4.
|
task049_multirc_questions_needed_to_answer
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: You are given a paragraph, with numbered sentences, and a question. Write the numbers of the sentences needed to answer the given question. Separate multiple sentence numbers with a comma (", "). E.g. "1, 2" would be the correct response if Sent 1 and Sent 2 are needed to answer the given question (do not include sentences that contain no information that is necessary to answer the question). Sort the sentence numbers in an increasing order (i.e., '1, 2', instead of '2, 1'). Your answer should not contain anything than the sentence numbers separated by a comma (e.g. '1, 2, 3, 4'). The given question requires more than one sentence to answer. So, your answer must contain at least one comma (", ").
See one example below:
Problem: Paragraph- Sent 1: A Republican bid to keep the government open past Friday includes no new money for the construction of a border wall along the U.S.-Mexico border, according to several congressional aides familiar with ongoing talks.
Sent 2: GOP leaders submitted the new offer Tuesday afternoon in an effort to appease Democrats, whose votes are needed to avert a shutdown of federal agencies, several House and Senate aides said.
Sent 3: However, Republicans also insisted on increases in border security and defense spending, including money to repair existing fencing and new surveillance technology to patrol the nearly 2,000-mile border.
Sent 4: Democrats have indicated that they would support such appropriations so long as no money goes toward an actual wall.
Question: Who has to be appeased to keep the government open?.
Solution: 1, 2.
Explanation: The question is: Who has to be appeased to keep the government open? The phrase "appease Democrats" is mentioned in Sent 2, about accepting offer that is mentioned in Sent 1 to "keep the government open". So, Sent 1 and Sent 2 are the sentences needed to answer this question.
Problem: Paragraph- Sent 1: ATLANTA, Georgia (CNN) -- On a plot of soil, nestled against the backdrop of skyscrapers in downtown Atlanta, Georgia, a group of residents are turning a lack of access to fresh produce into a revival of old traditions and self-empowerment.
Sent 2: Urban farming is a way for African-Americans to connect with the earth, says Cashawn Myers of HABESHA.
Sent 3: HABESHA Gardens is one of many urban gardens sprouting up around the country.
Sent 4: Fruits and vegetables are thriving in this community garden located in an economically depressed area of the city known as Mechanicsville.
Sent 5: But the garden serves an even greater purpose.
Sent 6: The harvest helps feed some of the neediest members of the neighborhood.
Sent 7: "It's a reawakening going on.
Sent 8: It's almost like it's a renaissance," says Cashawn Myers, director of HABESHA Inc. "There's a Ghanaian proverb that says Sankofa.
Sent 9: Sankofa means return to your past so you can move forward.
Sent 10: Even if you look at coming over here during our enslavement, we were brought here to cultivate the land because that's something we did on the continent.
Sent 11: So really, that's what many of the people are doing now," he said.
Sent 12: Myers believes urban farming is a way for many African-Americans to reconnect with their past.
Sent 13: iReport.com: Show us your urban farm "They are going through a process of Sankofa and going to what they traditionally did, which is connect to the Earth so they can move forward and grow," he says.
Sent 14: But HABESHA Gardens isn't unique.
Sent 15: Former pro basketball player Will Allen, who is considered to be one of the nation's leading urban farmers and founder of Growing Power Inc., estimates that there are hundreds of thousands of urban gardens in inner cities across America.
Sent 16: Urban farms help feed people, sustain neighorhoods » "It's beyond a movement at this point.
Sent 17: Its more like a revolution," says Allen.
Question: What actions are a group of residents performing in an effort to connect African Americans with the earth?.
Solution:
|
1, 2.
|
task049_multirc_questions_needed_to_answer
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 4
|
test
|
TASK DEFINITION: You are given a paragraph, with numbered sentences, and a question. Write the numbers of the sentences needed to answer the given question. Separate multiple sentence numbers with a comma (", "). E.g. "1, 2" would be the correct response if Sent 1 and Sent 2 are needed to answer the given question (do not include sentences that contain no information that is necessary to answer the question). Sort the sentence numbers in an increasing order (i.e., '1, 2', instead of '2, 1'). Your answer should not contain anything than the sentence numbers separated by a comma (e.g. '1, 2, 3, 4'). The given question requires more than one sentence to answer. So, your answer must contain at least one comma (", ").
PROBLEM: Paragraph- Sent 1: (CNN) -- In November 2009, Norwegian freelance journalist Paul Refsdal is riding in a pick-up truck on a dusty track of Afghan road.
Sent 2: The Taliban have kidnapped him.
Sent 3: If the truck turns right, he knows he's being sold to another militant group.
Sent 4: A left turn means his kidnappers have decided to let him go.
Sent 5: His journey started when Refsdal, who wanted to document the daily lives of the Taliban, accepted the invitation of a Taliban commander to film him and his fighters.
Sent 6: Refsdal later accompanied another Taliban commander, Omar, to his hideout on a second embed.
Sent 7: As part of CNN's "Taliban" documentary, Refsdal talked with CNN's Anderson Cooper about going from invited guest to kidnap victim -- a harrowing experience that began the way it later ended, with Refsdal in a truck.
Sent 8: Here is an edited excerpt: REFSDAL: We rent a pickup truck and we drive into this valley that doesn't really have a road.
Sent 9: I'm told it is not possible to drive anymore.
Sent 10: We will have to walk for several hours up the hillside to one village, and we have to sneak a little bit.
Sent 11: Omar is very particular about I should cover my face.
Sent 12: I assume this is because they don't want informers to see that there's a foreigner coming.
Sent 13: And we sleep in a house, and everything seems OK. Then, the next day we are asked to go to another house, just 100 meters down the hillside.
Sent 14: We have to wait there, because they're going to have a meeting.
Sent 15: After a couple hours, one of the fighters comes and says he's from al Qaeda.
Sent 16: And he says that he has information that I was spying for the coalition, so both my translator and I will be executed tonight.
Sent 17: And he goes on, saying that we're going to be killed with a knife.
Sent 18: ... He explains how much he hates foreigners and he wants to eat the flesh of foreigners.
Question: Why did Refsdal walk for several hours up a hillside on his way to meet the Taliban fighters?.
SOLUTION: 8, 9, 10.
PROBLEM: Paragraph- Sent 1: LONDON, England (CNN) -- Last year's inaugural Prix Pictet photography award for environmental sustainability produced a stunning shortlist of photos.
Sent 2: Ed Kashi has documented the impact oil has made on the Niger Delta in Africa.
Sent 3: This year is no different with 12 photographers in the running for the first prize of 100,000 CHF ($97,500).
Sent 4: The theme in 2009 is described simply as "Earth."Sent 5: The aim is to highlight how man exploits the planet's resources and how this impacts the landscapes and communities surrounding them.
Sent 6: In an extraordinary series of photos Canadian Christopher Anderson captures how the quest for raw materials affects Venezuela.
Sent 7: In "The Diminishing Present," Portuguese-born Edgar Martins records forest landscapes in the moments before they are engulfed by flames.
Sent 8: In "Curse of the Black Gold: 50 Years of Oil in the Niger Delta," Ed Kashi captures the impact of the oil industry on Nigeria's environment and people since it was first discovered five decades ago.
Sent 9: Kashi, an American photojournalist, spent three years compiling his photos of the Niger Delta, making a total of five trips to the troubled region.
Sent 10: Kashi told CNN: "It was truly one of the most graphic examples of economic inequity that I have ever seen.
Sent 11: Especially with the backdrop of hundreds of billions of oil wealth that has been generated over the previous 50 years."Sent 12: As a result of his work, Kashi says that his photos are now being used by universities and NGOs to raise awareness to try and effect change.
Sent 13: To him, this has been one of the most gratifying and exciting by-products of his work.
Question: Why is Kashi so happy about the by-products of his work?.
SOLUTION: 12, 13.
PROBLEM: Paragraph- Sent 1: Federal agents on Tuesday raided a South Florida office of Dr. Salomon Melgen, an eye doctor whose past issues with authorities had already entangled Sen. Robert Menendez.
Sent 2: With yellow crime tape strung up outside, men and women lugged box after box of materials from Melgen's West Palm Beach office into awaiting minivans.
Sent 3: Both members of the federal Health and Human Services department and the Federal Bureau of Investigation took part in the search, which FBI Special Agent Michael Leverock said was the second at the same Melgen clinic -- the other coming last January.
Sent 4: "As this is part of an ongoing investigation, (authorities have) no further comment/information at this time," said Leverock.
Sent 5: That means no official details as to what authorities were looking for.
Sent 6: Even if it has nothing to do with his record as a generous political donor, Tuesday's raid suggests Melgen's legal troubles and perhaps their negative impact on Menendez, the senior U.S. senator from New Jersey are far from over.
Sent 7: Confessions show sex claims were 'false smears,' senator says The doctor's lawyer contended that Tuesday's search was the government's way of getting back at Melgen, after he sued over Medicare payments.
Sent 8: Even so, Matthew Menchel, the attorney, said that Melgen will continue to work with authorities.
Sent 9: "While we believe that today's intrusion was in retaliation and there was no legitimate need for the search, the FBI's actions will not prevent Dr. Melgen from continuing his full cooperation with the government," Menchel said.
Sent 10: The doctor first came to the attention of many around Washington when The Daily Caller, a conservative website, published a report shortly before the November 2012 election citing several Dominican women who claimed they'd had sex with Menendez for money.
Sent 11: The New Jersey Democrat staunchly denied the accusation.
Sent 12: And in March, Dominican police announced three women had been paid to claim -- falsely -- that they had sex with Menendez.
Sent 13: While that part of the story died down, the episode raised questions about why and how Menendez admittedly flew to the Dominican Republic three times in 2010 on Melgen's private plane.
Question: What two departments took part in the raid on Melgen's office?.
SOLUTION:
|
1, 3.
|
task049_multirc_questions_needed_to_answer
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 8
|
validation
|
You are given a piece of text. You should find out if there are any gender specific criticized comments. Label the text as 'gender criticism' or 'not gender criticism'
One example: Men have to take power back as the superior gender.
Solution is here: gender criticism
Explanation: This example correctly labels 1 which means there are gender specific comments involved in the text.
Now, solve this: Every female-dominated job: low skill; minimal education required; not much physical exertion; indoors; tightly controlled hours.
Solution:
|
gender criticism
|
task1606_ethos_text_classification
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You are given a piece of text. You should find out if there are any gender specific criticized comments. Label the text as 'gender criticism' or 'not gender criticism'
Time to nuke China or Unleash a plague.
Output:
|
not gender criticism
|
task1606_ethos_text_classification
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 1
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: You are given a piece of text. You should find out if there are any gender specific criticized comments. Label the text as 'gender criticism' or 'not gender criticism'
Problem:I remember once I was in charge of a disabled kid. Every night I was wishing slow death for him
Solution:
|
not gender criticism
|
task1606_ethos_text_classification
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 8
|
train
|
You are given a piece of text. You should find out if there are any gender specific criticized comments. Label the text as 'gender criticism' or 'not gender criticism'
Example: Men have to take power back as the superior gender.
Example solution: gender criticism
Example explanation: This example correctly labels 1 which means there are gender specific comments involved in the text.
Problem: The only thing more repulsive than a nigger is a nigger faggot. Self-hating whites shower images of cross-dressed niggers with praise because the modern left fetishizes all forms of depravity.
|
Solution: not gender criticism
|
task1606_ethos_text_classification
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a piece of text. You should find out if there are any gender specific criticized comments. Label the text as 'gender criticism' or 'not gender criticism'
The only thing more repulsive than a nigger is a nigger faggot. Self-hating whites shower images of cross-dressed niggers with praise because the modern left fetishizes all forms of depravity.
|
not gender criticism
|
task1606_ethos_text_classification
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
Teacher:You are given a piece of text. You should find out if there are any gender specific criticized comments. Label the text as 'gender criticism' or 'not gender criticism'
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Teaching my kids transgenders are anything but mentally ill will get you set on fire.
Student:
|
not gender criticism
|
task1606_ethos_text_classification
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
You are given a piece of text. You should find out if there are any gender specific criticized comments. Label the text as 'gender criticism' or 'not gender criticism'
Well im glad that i live in Serbia, migrants and islamists are not welcome here!
not gender criticism
this was shit the guy should of boxed his head off and thrown him through the top window,fuck peoado muhamed and islam
not gender criticism
we take everyone, sudanese niggers, egyptian shitskins, palirats, syrian and iraqi scums, they're all dogs that behave like niggers, they cost too much, especially syrians, there is way too many of them here, they are arrogant ungrateful backstabbing apes.
|
not gender criticism
|
task1606_ethos_text_classification
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 0
|
train
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a piece of text. You should find out if there are any gender specific criticized comments. Label the text as 'gender criticism' or 'not gender criticism'
Muslims want war! So take it to them first
|
not gender criticism
|
task1606_ethos_text_classification
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a piece of text. You should find out if there are any gender specific criticized comments. Label the text as 'gender criticism' or 'not gender criticism'
I just don't like Homosexuals raising kids it's my opinion.
|
not gender criticism
|
task1606_ethos_text_classification
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 5
|
test
|
Instructions: You are given a piece of text. You should find out if there are any gender specific criticized comments. Label the text as 'gender criticism' or 'not gender criticism'
Input: Im going to choke you with your cross necklace idiotic religious pig
Output:
|
not gender criticism
|
task1606_ethos_text_classification
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 3
|
validation
|
Detailed Instructions: A text is given in English. Translate it from the English language to the Panjabi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Q: Vice President Greets People on Id-ul-Fitr
A:
|
ਪ੍ਰਧਾਨ ਮੰਤਰੀ ਨੇ ਈਦ-ਉਲ-ਫਿਤਰ 'ਤੇ ਮੁਬਾਰਕਾਂ ਦਿੱਤੀਆਂ
|
task1007_pib_translation_english_punjabi
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: A text is given in English. Translate it from the English language to the Panjabi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Q: Water Supply and Sewerage projects in Ajmer, Bhilwara, Bikaner, Hanumangarh, Sikar and Mount Abu.
A:
|
ਅਜਮੇਰ, ਭੀਲਵਾੜਾ, ਬੀਕਾਨੇਰ, ਹਨੂੰਮਾਨਗੜ੍ਹ, ਸੀਕਰ ਅਤੇ ਮਾਊਂਟ ਆਬੂ ਵਿੱਚ ਜਲ ਸਪਲਾਈ ਅਤੇ ਸੀਵਰੇਜ ਪ੍ਰੋਜੈਕਟ
|
task1007_pib_translation_english_punjabi
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
Q: A text is given in English. Translate it from the English language to the Panjabi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
the sanitation worker who makes our Republic cleaner and hygienic
A:
|
ਹਰ-ਇੱਕ ਸਵੱਛਤਾ ਕਰਮਚਾਰੀ, ਜੋ ਸਾਡੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਸਾਫ਼-ਸੁਥਰਾ ਅਤੇ ਸਵੱਛ ਰੱਖਦਾ ਹੈ ;
|
task1007_pib_translation_english_punjabi
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 7
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: A text is given in English. Translate it from the English language to the Panjabi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
See one example below:
Problem: Jacob Mathew, Mr
Solution: ਯਾਕੂਬ ਮੈਥਿ, ਸ਼੍ਰੀਮਾਨ
Explanation: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'Jacob Mathew, Mr' which is the same as the output sentence.
Problem: The Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi has greeted teaching community on the occasion of Teachers Day.
Solution:
|
ਪ੍ਰਧਾਨ ਮੰਤਰੀ ਨੇ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਦਿਵਸ ‘ਤੇ ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਭਾਈਚਾਰੇ ਨੂੰ ਵਧਾਈਆਂ ਦਿੱਤੀਆਂ ਹਨ ;
|
task1007_pib_translation_english_punjabi
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
TASK DEFINITION: A text is given in English. Translate it from the English language to the Panjabi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
PROBLEM: History and our people would expect us to make full use of these opportunities and not to let go of them.
SOLUTION: ਇਤਿਹਾਸ ਨੂੰ, ਅਤੇ ਸਾਡੇ ਨਾਗਰਿਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਾਡੇ ਤੋਂ ਉਮੀਦ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਅਸੀਂ ਇਹ ਮੌਕੇ ਜਾਣ ਨਹੀਂ ਦੇਵਾਂਗੇ,
PROBLEM: The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs chaired by the Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi today has approved an initial Corpus of Rs.
SOLUTION: ਮੰਤਰੀ ਮੰਡਲ ਨੇ ਪ੍ਰਧਾਨ ਮੰਤਰੀ ਕ੍ਰਿਸ਼ੀ ਸਿੰਚਾਈ ਯੋਜਨਾ ਦੇ ਤਹਿਤ ਨਾਬਾਰਡ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਸੂਖਮ ਸਿੰਚਾਈ ਕੋਸ਼ ਲਈ ਰਾਸ਼ੀ ਮਨਜ਼ੂਰ ਕੀਤੀ
PROBLEM: K. Patil and Technical Member Shri S.
SOLUTION:
|
ਜੁਡੀਸ਼ੀਅਲ ਮੈਂਬਰ ਜਸਟਿਸ ਕੇਐੱਨ ਪਾਟਿਲ, ਤਕਨੀਕੀ ਮੈਂਬਰ ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਐੱਸ.
|
task1007_pib_translation_english_punjabi
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 8
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: A text is given in English. Translate it from the English language to the Panjabi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Q: Shri Nitin Gadkari to lay foundation stone and dedicate to nation projects worth Rs 4239 crore in Chhattisgarh
A:
|
ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਨਿਤਿਨ ਗਡਕਰੀ ਛੱਤੀਸਗੜ੍ਹ ਵਿੱਚ 4239 ਕਰੋੜ ਰੁਪਏ ਲਾਗਤ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰੋਜੈਕਟਾਂ ਦਾ ਨੀਂਹ ਪੱਥਰ ਰੱਖਣਗੇ ਅਤੇ ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਰਪਿਤ ਕਰਨਗੇ
|
task1007_pib_translation_english_punjabi
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
Teacher:A text is given in English. Translate it from the English language to the Panjabi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: The Prime Minister said one reason for this decline in Doing Business ranking, was corruption. In this context, he mentioned various scandals that had hit the headlines at that time, including coal, CWG, spectrum etc.
Student:
|
ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਕਿਹਾ ਕਿ ਕਾਰੋਬਾਰੀ ਸੁਗਮਤਾ ਸਬੰਧੀ ਰੈਂਕਿੰਗ ਵਿੱਚ ਗਿਰਾਵਟ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਕਾਰਨ ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟਾਚਾਰ ਸੀ । ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਇਸ ਸੰਦਰਭ ਵਿੱਚ ਕੋਲਾ, ਕਾਮਨਵੈਲਥ ਗੇਮ, ਸਪੈਕਟ੍ਰਮ ਆਦਿ ਅਨੇਕ ਘੁਟਾਲਿਆਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਦੱਸਿਆ, ਜੋ ਉਸ ਸਮੇਂ ਖ਼ਬਰਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਸੁਰਖੀਆਂ ਬਣੇ ਸਨ।
|
task1007_pib_translation_english_punjabi
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
A text is given in English. Translate it from the English language to the Panjabi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Example input: Jacob Mathew, Mr
Example output: ਯਾਕੂਬ ਮੈਥਿ, ਸ਼੍ਰੀਮਾਨ
Example explanation: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'Jacob Mathew, Mr' which is the same as the output sentence.
Q: I am told this radio station also used to broadcast weekly news bulletins in English, Hindi, Tamil, Bangla, Marathi, Panjabi, Pashto Urdu languages.
A:
|
ਮੈਨੂੰ ਦੱਸਿਆ ਗਿਆ ਕਿ ਇਹ ਰੇਡੀਓ ਸਟੇਸ਼ਨ ਹਫ਼ਤਾਵਾਰ ਸਮਾਚਾਰ ਬੁਲੇਟਿਨ ਵੀ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਰਿਤ ਕਰਦਾ ਸੀ ਜੋ ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ, ਹਿੰਦੀ, ਤਮਿਲ, ਬਾਂਗਲਾ, ਮਰਾਠੀ, ਪੰਜਾਬੀ, ਪਸ਼ਤੋ ਅਤੇ ਉਰਦੂ ਆਦਿ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਸਨ। ਇਸ ਰੇਡੀਓ ਸਟੇਸ਼ਨ ਦੇ ਸੰਚਾਲਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਗੁਜਰਾਤ ਦੇ ਰਹਿਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਐੱਮ.
|
task1007_pib_translation_english_punjabi
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Teacher:A text is given in English. Translate it from the English language to the Panjabi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: The Prime Minister was given an overview of the extent of damage caused by floods, and the relief operations being undertaken.
Student:
|
ਪ੍ਰਧਾਨ ਮੰਤਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਹੜ੍ਹ ਕਾਰਨ ਹੋਏ ਨੁਕਸਾਨ ਅਤੇ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕੀਤੇ ਰਾਹਤ ਕਾਰਜਾਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਦੱਸਿਆ ਗਿਆ।
|
task1007_pib_translation_english_punjabi
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 6
|
test
|
Part 1. Definition
A text is given in English. Translate it from the English language to the Panjabi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Part 2. Example
Jacob Mathew, Mr
Answer: ਯਾਕੂਬ ਮੈਥਿ, ਸ਼੍ਰੀਮਾਨ
Explanation: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'Jacob Mathew, Mr' which is the same as the output sentence.
Part 3. Exercise
BRICS PARTNERSHIP FOR GLOBAL ECONOMIC RECOVERY, REFORM OF FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC GLOBAL GOVERNANCE INSTITUTIONS, AND THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Answer:
|
ਸਰਬਵਿਆਪੀ ਆਰਥਕ ਵਸੂਲੀ ਲਈ ਬ੍ਰਿਕਸ ਭਾਈਵਾਲੀ, ਵਿੱਤ ਅਤੇ ਆਰਥਕ ਸਰਬਵਿਆਪੀ ਪ੍ਰਬੰਧਨ ਸੰਸਥਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਸੁਧਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਚੌਥੀ ਸਨਅਤੀ ਕ੍ਰਾਂਤੀ
|
task1007_pib_translation_english_punjabi
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 7
|
validation
|
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