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Part 1. Definition Your task is to extract the thesis of an opinionated news article by selecting some of its text segments. The thesis is a summarization of what the author wants to persuade the reader of. Your answer should consist of segments of the given text. Note that you are not allowed to combine different sentences. Part 2. Example Our 'impartial' broadcasters have become mouthpieces of the elite. When people say they have no politics, it means that their politics aligns with the status quo . None of us are unbiased , none removed from the question of power . We are social creatures who absorb the outlook and opinions of those with whom we associate, and unconciously echo them . Objectivity is impossible . The illusion of neutrality is one of the reasons for the rotten state of journalism, as those who might have been expected to hold power to account drift thoughtlessly into its arms . But until I came across the scandal currently erupting in Canada, I hadn't understood just how quickly standards are falling . In 2013 reporters at CBC, Canada's equivalent of the BBC, broke a major story . They discovered that RBC - Royal Bank of Canada - had done something cruel and unusual even by banking standards . It was obliging junior staff to train a group of temporary foreign workers , who would then be given the staff's jobs . Just after the first report was aired, according to the website Canadaland, something odd happened : journalists preparing to expand on the investigation were summoned to a conference call with Amanda Lang, CBC's senior business correspondent and a star presenter . The reporters she spoke to say she repeatedly attempted to scuttle the story, dismissing it as trivial and dull . They were astonished . But not half as astonished as when they discovered the following, unpublished facts . First , that Lang had spoken at a series of events run or sponsored by RBC - for which she appears, on one occasion, to have been paid around 15,000 Canadian dollars . Second , that she was booked to speak at an event sponsored by the outsourcing company the bank had hired to implement the cruel practice exposed by her colleagues . Third , that her partner is a board member at RBC . Lang then interviewed the bank's chief executive on her own show . When he dismissed the story as unfair and misleading , she did not challenge him . That evening she uncritically repeated his talking points on CBC's main current affairs programme . Her interests, again, were not revealed . Then she wrote a comment article for the Globe and Mail newspaper suggesting that her colleagues' story arose from an outdated suspicion of business, was dangerous to Canada's interests, and was nothing but "a sideshow" . Here's what she said about the bank's employment practices:"It's called capitalism, and it isn't a dirty word." Canadaland, which exposed Lang's conflicts last week, found that other journalists at the broadcaster were furious, but too frightened to speak on the record . But after CBC tried to dismiss the scandal as "half-truths based on anonymous sources" , Kathy Tomlinson, the reporter who had broken the story about the bank, bravely spoke publicly to the website . The following morning, staff in her office arrived to find this message spelt out in magnets on their fridge:"Jesse Brown snitches get stitches" . Jesse Brown is Canadaland's founder . CBC refused to answer my questions , and I have not had a response from Lang . It amazes me that she remains employed by CBC , which has so far done nothing but bluster and berate its critics . This is grotesque . But it's symptomatic of a much wider problem in journalism : those who are supposed to scrutinise the financial and political elite are embedded within it . Many belong to a service-sector aristocracy, wedded metaphorically (sometimes literally) to finance . Often unwittingly, they amplify the voices of the elite, while muffling those raised against it . A study by academics at the Cardiff School of Journalism examined the BBC Today programme's reporting of the bank bailouts in 2008 . It discovered that the contributors it chose were "almost completely dominated by stockbrokers, investment bankers, hedge fund managers and other City voices . Civil society voices or commentators who questioned the benefits of having such a large finance sector were almost completely absent from coverage." The financiers who had caused the crisis were asked to interpret it . The same goes for discussions about the deficit and the perceived need for austerity . The debate has been dominated by political and economic elites , while alternative voices - arguing that the crisis has been exaggerated, or that instead of cuts, the government should respond with Keynesian spending programmes or taxes on financial transactions, wealth or land- have scarcely been heard . Those priorities have changed your life : the BBC helped to shape the political consensus under which so many are now suffering . The BBC's business reporting breaks its editorial guidelines every day by failing to provide alternative viewpoints . Every weekday morning, the Today programme grovels to business leaders for 10 minutes . It might occasionally challenge them on the value or viability of their companies, but hardly ever on their ethics . Corporate critics are shut out of its business coverage - and almost all the rest . On BBC News at Six, the Cardiff researchers found, business representatives outnumbered trade union representatives by 19 to one . "The BBC tends to reproduce a Conservative, Eurosceptic, pro-business version of the world," the study said . This, remember, is where people turn when they don't trust the corporate press . While the way in which the media handle the stories that are covered is bad enough , the absence of coverage is even worse . If an issue does not divide the main political parties , it vanishes from view , though the parties now disagree on hardly anything . Another study reveals a near total collapse of environmental coverage on ITV and BBC news: it declined from 2.5% (ITV) and 1.6% (BBC) of total airtime in 2007 to, respectively, 0.2% and 0.3% in 2014 . There were as many news stories on these outlets about Madeleine McCann in 2014 - seven years after her disappearance - as there were about all environmental issues put together . Those entrusted to challenge power are the loyalists of power . They rage against social media and people such as Russell Brand, without seeing that the popularity of alternatives is a response to their own failures: their failure to expose the claims of the haut monde, their failure to enlist a diversity of opinion, their failure to permit the audience to see that another world is possible . If even the public sector broadcasters parrot the talking points of the elite , what hope is there for informed democratic choice? o Twitter: @georgemonbiot . A fully referenced version of this article can be found at Monbiot.com . Answer: The illusion of neutrality is one of the reasons for the rotten state of journalism, as those who might have been expected to hold power to account drift thoughtlessly into its arms We are social creatures who absorb the outlook and opinions of those with whom we associate, and unconciously echo them Explanation: The text span selected for thesis is meaningful and correct. Pay attention that there can be more than one correct thesis for each article. Some meaningful subsets of this thesis also can be accepted as a thesis, like : "none of us are unbiased" Part 3. Exercise Do you really think your fat joke about Chris Christie is funny? New Jersey governor Chris Christie's weight - and whether it will impact any run for higher office- is once again the subject of discussion . (It comes up every year or so, and this year it's bound to come up every month or so.) On Sunday, Christie drew some people's ire by sitting with (ok, and hugging) the owner of the Dallas Cowboys , the team of which he is a fan . It doesn't actually seem to matter what Christie does, though : the kneejerk reaction to a hefty politician is always, inevitably, to insult his body , and now Christie's brother is even reacting to that reaction on Facebook . Fat people are described as gross and disgusting often enough that some of us loathe our own bodies to the point of self-injury . People think we're stupid and weak(or we'd just lose weight, right?) before they even talk to us . Fatness is classified as a disease in the United States . For his part, Christie, with his long history of being fat in the public eye, turned to a weight-loss surgery called lap band in his efforts to lose weight . In that last linked article, those close to him claimed it would humanize him in the eyes of the public - without recognizing that he is, in fact and in fat, already human . Our humanity hardly seems to matter to people going for the easy fat jokes . The truth is that fat people often have a more difficult time finding a good job . (Even, maybe especially, THE job .) You're less likely to get a promotion when your body doesn't match the image of a desirable employee . This bias - this discrimination - on the part of employers costs them top talent and actually winds up adding to stereotypes about us . It's hard for fat people to be perceived as hard workers when no one believes in our work ethic in the first place . But that's hardly the worst of the stereotypes: a couple of years ago, during a televised "debate" about fatness and fat acceptance with anti-obesity spokesperson MeMe Roth and model Crystal Renn, Roth finally gave in and called me stupid - using a single study that proclaim that fat people just have smaller brains and are therefore less intelligent . I laughed : it was a desperate attempt at an insult more than it was scientific discussion , but it was also honest - because it's definitely not the first time I've run across that conviction . Chris Christie, for all of his accomplishments, faces the same sort of discrimination as the fat person passed over for a job because of a hiring manager's bias - he's just facing it on a very intense and public level . People look at him and judge his body . They don't evaluate his intelligence based on his decisions ; they just assume he's stupid because he's fat . They ignore that it does actually take quite a lot of work to get elected as governor - politics is many things, but it's never a cake walk , and he's been involved since 1977 . And America has had fat presidents before - not many of them, but some rather notable ones, including Teddy Roosevelt . Chris Christie is- and this is another uncomfortable thing for someone with my own fairly radical political views to say- a complicated and intelligent politician . His actions are often well-considered (even when I screamingly disagree with them, which happens a lot) and even sometimes moderate, at least in the sense that he occasionally works across party lines ... and certainly across state lines when it comes to the NFL . But the fat jokes keep on coming :. How bout hittin the gym?? ... Christie won't back down , may watch Cowboys in Green Bay via @POLITICO for iOS http://t.co/Vn6SS5J4EB . US News & World Report's David Catanese even said that his brother's defense makes Christie looks bad because... he countered "'crazy, pathetic posts' with one of his own" . Apparently it's more presidential when you take the abuse about your body without anyone saying anything . And the fat jokes keep obscuring the actual conversation that needs to happen about Christie's political views , even as he remains cagey about running for the Republican nomination in 2016 . And if you're one of the people who'd rather insult his weight than talk about his politics , I have to ask: who is the less intelligent person, really? I don't think it's the fat guy . Answer:	New Jersey governor Chris Christie's weight - and whether it will impact any run for higher office- is once again the subject of discussion	task522_news_editorial_summary	NIv2	fs_opt	7	train
Detailed Instructions: Your task is to extract the thesis of an opinionated news article by selecting some of its text segments. The thesis is a summarization of what the author wants to persuade the reader of. Your answer should consist of segments of the given text. Note that you are not allowed to combine different sentences. Q: Mario Cuomo and the folly of progressivism. How precious in the sight of progressives was one of their saints, Mario Cuomo, the three-term governor of New York who died last week at age 82 . He was a model of progressivism and a gifted rhetorician . In most media accounts, references were made to two speeches Cuomo delivered in 1984, one at the Democratic National Convention in San Francisco where Walter Mondale was nominated for president, and the other at the University of Notre Dame where Cuomo spoke about abortion and the "proper" role of religion in politics . The thing about progressivism is that it resembles floor wax -- all shine and no depth . In his Democratic convention speech, Cuomo referenced Ronald Reagan's line about America being a "shining city on a hill." Cuomo responded,"A shining city is perhaps all the president sees from the portico of the White House or the veranda of his ranch, where everyone seems to be doing well . But there's another city; there' s another part to the shining city.... In this part of the city, there are more poor than ever . More families in trouble . More and more people who need help but can't find it . ... There are people who sleep in the city streets, in the gutter where the glitter doesn't show." This is boilerplate Democratic rhetoric we've heard since the days of Franklin Roosevelt . After Democrats Roosevelt, Truman, Kennedy, Johnson, Carter, Clinton and Obama, are fewer families in trouble? Are there fewer poor people, especially since Johnson's "War on Poverty" promised to end it? Statistics reveal there are not , so why do so many embrace progressive ideas? If something isn't working , why repeat the errors? As Reagan noted, government too often adds to problems ; it doesn' t solve them . Government doesn't create jobs ; a thriving private economy does . Government welfare mostly doesn't incentivize people to escape poverty, but too often sustains them in poverty and addicts them to government handouts . On the issue of church and state, Cuomo bisected the subjects in his Notre Dame speech . While he said he accepted Catholic teaching against capital punishment , he rejected its opposition to abortion . In this, the late Cardinal Joseph Bernardin expressed opposition to both issues while eloquently arguing that the Catholic Church believes that each is part of a "seamless garment" of life and that all life matters and should not be taken by individuals, or the state . This is another flaw of progressivism . Progressives are happy to embrace church teachings when it favors their political agenda, but reject them when those teachings don't conform to their politics . My one encounter with Cuomo came after a column I wrote following his 2007 debate with former Speaker Newt Gingrich at Cooper Union in New York, the site of a famous speech by Abraham Lincoln . I said that Gingrich clearly won the debate and made a mockery of Cuomo's liberalism . Cuomo called me and after identifying himself launched into a tirade that lasted about 90 seconds . He then hung up giving me no opportunity to say much more than "hello, nice to hear from you." Vanity . Vanity . Most obituaries and news reports called Cuomo "inspiring." A New York Times editorial correctly noted:"For all his idealism, Mr Cuomo's years as governor were dogged by economic recession that blunted his hopes to leave great programs and innovation as his legacy . He had to cut services and scratch for scarce revenue." Inspiration is good if it motivates people to do for themselves and improve their lives . Otherwise , it's nothing more than floor wax . May Gov Cuomo rest in peace . A:	How precious in the sight of progressives was one of their saints, Mario Cuomo, the three-term governor of New York who died last week at age 82	task522_news_editorial_summary	NIv2	zs_opt	9	train
Definition: Your task is to extract the thesis of an opinionated news article by selecting some of its text segments. The thesis is a summarization of what the author wants to persuade the reader of. Your answer should consist of segments of the given text. Note that you are not allowed to combine different sentences. Input: The Iranian opportunity. The instability and chaos sweeping across the Arab world today represents both a threat and an opportunity for Iran . Instability in Yemen, Libya, Syria and Iraq are case-in-point examples that Iran can realise its short and long-term objectives to become the region's main hegemon . Surrounded by countries with significant Shia minorities, Iran seeks to cultivate the image of "protector state" for these populations . And eventually, Iran could become the "core country" in this hotly contested region . Toward this end, Iran has stirred Shia-Sunni divisions, creating sectarian identities for the various clashing groups . In the case of Yemen, this was done within the borders of one country where Iran contrived to create a distinct Shia identity for the Houthis who ended up taking control over the course of the past few months . The Iranian strategy is focused on building a new political model in the region - one that relies on Iran's "centrality" through which it can exercise power and influence both on the regional and international levels . Especially after the election of Iranian President Hassan Rouhani, Iran has been keen to develop working relations with the West and the US (particularly with regard to "fighting terrorism" - as it had done before in Afghanistan) . It is also eager to play a similar role in Iraq . This Iranian eagerness, however, cannot be isolated from the larger vision . This vision sees such cooperation as advancing the Iranian model of emphasising its geopolitical centrality for Shiism, as well as its hegemonic desires over the region, including the Arab Sunni states . To become the centre of gravity of the Middle East, Iran needs to amplify its role as both a protector and hegemon for its much weaker and unstable Arab neighbours . These neighbours would be relegated within the Iranian model to the status of periphery states . To do that, Iran uses its old revolutionary rhetoric and slogans to describe its brand of Islam as "authentic and original" while describing pro-West Sunni Arab states as having an "American-Islam" , which it presents as an illegitimate form of Islam . In his Washington Post op-ed last September, "Time to Engage", Rouhani outlined the Iranian objectives and the key areas in which Iran can cooperate with the US and the West . Although Rouhani laid out the Iranian strategic perspective and the parameters through which Iran can work and cooperate with the West , there was an important point, which he left unsaid . He was essentially saying that the US must recognise the failure of its old policies, especially in the region, and at the same time tacitly acknowledged that Iran had made mistakes in dealing with the US during the past eight years . Nevertheless , he opened the door for US-Iranian cooperation on combating terrorism and emphasised the Iranian role in solving the region's thorniest problems, such as the Palestinian cause and the conflict with Israel . View of superiority . Current Iranian discourse - political and cultural - revolves around advancing the view of superiority of the Iranian race, Shia Islam, and Iranian culture . Such discourse focuses on the uniqueness of the Iranian race as one that is steeped in civilisation, juxtaposed with the Arabs who represent, according to this view, the "other", i.e less civilised . In realpolitik terms, amid the instability and chaos plaguing Arab states, Iran presents itself as the alternative power to fill the vacuum in the region . From the Iranian perspective, the US has failed to solve many of the international crises and in some cases, it has created them . Iran, in this respect, is positioning itself as a rising power that will replace the US as the dominant power in the region . Echoing such discourse, Kazem Sajjadpour, an advisor on Strategic Affairs to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Iran said, in Persian, during his participation in the roundtable discussion on the website Shia News Association, that while the Arab world suffers from fragmentation and strategic paralysis - while under the influence of western powers- Iran enjoys territorial integrity and cohesiveness, and is endowed with strategic resources . All of these are factors that could make Iran the new rising power in the region . Indeed , Iran is making the case that the entire Arab world revolves around it - and cannot survive without it . Output:	The Iranian strategy is focused on building a new political model in the region - one that relies on Iran's "centrality" through which it can exercise power and influence both on the regional and international levels To become the centre of gravity of the Middle East, Iran needs to amplify its role as both a protector and hegemon for its much weaker and unstable Arab neighbours	task522_news_editorial_summary	NIv2	zs_opt	2	train
Teacher: Your task is to extract the thesis of an opinionated news article by selecting some of its text segments. The thesis is a summarization of what the author wants to persuade the reader of. Your answer should consist of segments of the given text. Note that you are not allowed to combine different sentences. Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example: Our 'impartial' broadcasters have become mouthpieces of the elite. When people say they have no politics, it means that their politics aligns with the status quo . None of us are unbiased , none removed from the question of power . We are social creatures who absorb the outlook and opinions of those with whom we associate, and unconciously echo them . Objectivity is impossible . The illusion of neutrality is one of the reasons for the rotten state of journalism, as those who might have been expected to hold power to account drift thoughtlessly into its arms . But until I came across the scandal currently erupting in Canada, I hadn't understood just how quickly standards are falling . In 2013 reporters at CBC, Canada's equivalent of the BBC, broke a major story . They discovered that RBC - Royal Bank of Canada - had done something cruel and unusual even by banking standards . It was obliging junior staff to train a group of temporary foreign workers , who would then be given the staff's jobs . Just after the first report was aired, according to the website Canadaland, something odd happened : journalists preparing to expand on the investigation were summoned to a conference call with Amanda Lang, CBC's senior business correspondent and a star presenter . The reporters she spoke to say she repeatedly attempted to scuttle the story, dismissing it as trivial and dull . They were astonished . But not half as astonished as when they discovered the following, unpublished facts . First , that Lang had spoken at a series of events run or sponsored by RBC - for which she appears, on one occasion, to have been paid around 15,000 Canadian dollars . Second , that she was booked to speak at an event sponsored by the outsourcing company the bank had hired to implement the cruel practice exposed by her colleagues . Third , that her partner is a board member at RBC . Lang then interviewed the bank's chief executive on her own show . When he dismissed the story as unfair and misleading , she did not challenge him . That evening she uncritically repeated his talking points on CBC's main current affairs programme . Her interests, again, were not revealed . Then she wrote a comment article for the Globe and Mail newspaper suggesting that her colleagues' story arose from an outdated suspicion of business, was dangerous to Canada's interests, and was nothing but "a sideshow" . Here's what she said about the bank's employment practices:"It's called capitalism, and it isn't a dirty word." Canadaland, which exposed Lang's conflicts last week, found that other journalists at the broadcaster were furious, but too frightened to speak on the record . But after CBC tried to dismiss the scandal as "half-truths based on anonymous sources" , Kathy Tomlinson, the reporter who had broken the story about the bank, bravely spoke publicly to the website . The following morning, staff in her office arrived to find this message spelt out in magnets on their fridge:"Jesse Brown snitches get stitches" . Jesse Brown is Canadaland's founder . CBC refused to answer my questions , and I have not had a response from Lang . It amazes me that she remains employed by CBC , which has so far done nothing but bluster and berate its critics . This is grotesque . But it's symptomatic of a much wider problem in journalism : those who are supposed to scrutinise the financial and political elite are embedded within it . Many belong to a service-sector aristocracy, wedded metaphorically (sometimes literally) to finance . Often unwittingly, they amplify the voices of the elite, while muffling those raised against it . A study by academics at the Cardiff School of Journalism examined the BBC Today programme's reporting of the bank bailouts in 2008 . It discovered that the contributors it chose were "almost completely dominated by stockbrokers, investment bankers, hedge fund managers and other City voices . Civil society voices or commentators who questioned the benefits of having such a large finance sector were almost completely absent from coverage." The financiers who had caused the crisis were asked to interpret it . The same goes for discussions about the deficit and the perceived need for austerity . The debate has been dominated by political and economic elites , while alternative voices - arguing that the crisis has been exaggerated, or that instead of cuts, the government should respond with Keynesian spending programmes or taxes on financial transactions, wealth or land- have scarcely been heard . Those priorities have changed your life : the BBC helped to shape the political consensus under which so many are now suffering . The BBC's business reporting breaks its editorial guidelines every day by failing to provide alternative viewpoints . Every weekday morning, the Today programme grovels to business leaders for 10 minutes . It might occasionally challenge them on the value or viability of their companies, but hardly ever on their ethics . Corporate critics are shut out of its business coverage - and almost all the rest . On BBC News at Six, the Cardiff researchers found, business representatives outnumbered trade union representatives by 19 to one . "The BBC tends to reproduce a Conservative, Eurosceptic, pro-business version of the world," the study said . This, remember, is where people turn when they don't trust the corporate press . While the way in which the media handle the stories that are covered is bad enough , the absence of coverage is even worse . If an issue does not divide the main political parties , it vanishes from view , though the parties now disagree on hardly anything . Another study reveals a near total collapse of environmental coverage on ITV and BBC news: it declined from 2.5% (ITV) and 1.6% (BBC) of total airtime in 2007 to, respectively, 0.2% and 0.3% in 2014 . There were as many news stories on these outlets about Madeleine McCann in 2014 - seven years after her disappearance - as there were about all environmental issues put together . Those entrusted to challenge power are the loyalists of power . They rage against social media and people such as Russell Brand, without seeing that the popularity of alternatives is a response to their own failures: their failure to expose the claims of the haut monde, their failure to enlist a diversity of opinion, their failure to permit the audience to see that another world is possible . If even the public sector broadcasters parrot the talking points of the elite , what hope is there for informed democratic choice? o Twitter: @georgemonbiot . A fully referenced version of this article can be found at Monbiot.com . Solution: The illusion of neutrality is one of the reasons for the rotten state of journalism, as those who might have been expected to hold power to account drift thoughtlessly into its arms We are social creatures who absorb the outlook and opinions of those with whom we associate, and unconciously echo them Reason: The text span selected for thesis is meaningful and correct. Pay attention that there can be more than one correct thesis for each article. Some meaningful subsets of this thesis also can be accepted as a thesis, like : "none of us are unbiased" Now, solve this instance: We are breaking promises to our children. The unity of millions that can stem from one evil act . The strength, courage and determination that often comes from adversity . The daylight following the darkness . After the bloodshed and incessant school attacks of 2014, let 2015 be a year of hope, of action and the fulfilment of a promise made 15 years ago to boys and girls across the world . They are waiting and watching . The famous novelist JK Rowling, leader of a charity helping 25 million orphans, recently asked;"Who is easier to silence than a child?" Because children have no votes and traditionally little voice , the expectation is that they will not protest . But be certain about this - young people whose rights have been violated will be silent no more . I know this is true because in the space of a few hours last month I watched in awe as tens, then hundreds, then thousands, then hundreds of thousands showed their outrage and their unity following an attack on a school in Pakistan in which 132 children were massacred . A petition launched in the aftermath of the attack, to honour those killed and demanding education for all, is now 1.5 million names strong and is still growing as each precious minute passes . One voice . In the future, people will look back on this generation and they will say an historic civil rights struggle for the rights of young people was born . This, I believe, must be a time of hope . People need hope . Hope is that small voice that says we will not be silenced if we have strong beliefs we want to follow . We must never stop believing that the cause we are talking about can be won in our generation . And remember , we do not break promises to children . We crossed our hearts . The United Nations told the world that every boy and every girl, everywhere, would have access to a school and to an education and to opportunity . Its official name is Millennium Development Goal 2 and the official target is universal primary education . Unofficially, it's the only chance of a life for millions and millions of children . Now , as the clock ticks down towards zero hour we are trying but toiling to make it happen . But we can change it . There is time . There are seven other MDGs , all vital but none as critical to our children's . With just 11 months and 20 days to go , there are still 58 million boys and girls who will be failed by a broken promise and never even have a day's learning . There are hundreds of millions more who will not finish their education . Less than a month ago two champions of global education and girls' rights shared a platform in Oslo, Norway . Malala Yousafzai and Kailash Satyarthi stood in front of the world, proud and deserving joint winners of the Nobel Peace Prize . Their brave words and actions rightly rewarded , then so many of their hopes for the future crushed when six days later came the worst school atrocity of all time . 132 boys and girls slaughtered by Taliban gunmen in Peshawar . On the same day 15 children were bombed to death by terrorists attacking a school bus in Yemen . The next day dozens of school pupils were killed and 100 abducted in a repeat of the Boko Haram attack almost nine months ago when 200 schoolgirls in Nigeria were abducted, yet to return home . Last year was like no other in which vulnerable youngsters - whose right to be shielded from war is supposedly guaranteed in successive United Nations charters and resolutions- were systematically violated, exploited, injured, raped and killed . The bombing of schools in Syria was followed by the militarisation of schools in Gaza and then by verified reports of child atrocities and rape in Iraq . According to The Yazidi Fraternal Organization (YFO), thousands of young Yazidi women and children are being used by ISIL as sex slaves . And there are now an estimated 250,000 child soldiers conscripted into militias round the world; 100,000 of them girls . From Syria and Iraq to South Sudan and the Central African Republic we have seen more children uprooted and displaced than at any time since the Second World War . The number of child refugees has risen by nearly two million in just one year to a staggering 25 million - the population of a medium-sized country . And now the seemingly endless violation of children's rights is being eclipsed again and again by the growing use of schools as theatres of war . Twenty five years ago, the world signed up to the Convention for the Rights of the Child . 2014 will be remembered as the year of the violation of the rights of the child . We have 11 months left to ensure 2015 is about the delivery of the rights of the child . Youth organisations such as Global March Against Child Labour, Girls Not Brides and A World at School, which now sponsors nearly 1,000 youth ambassadors, are becoming global leaders of a youth liberation struggle . They are fighting child marriage, child labour, child trafficking and discrimination against girlsand the principal way to end exploitation is to deliver free compulsory education . One of the #UpForSchool petition signatories was Malala Yousafzai, herself the victim of a Taliban gunman . She will tell us there is still hope . People are angry about what is happening to children . Even angrier still are young people themselves . Do not underestimate them . They are connected , they talk to each other and they understand each other . They are as one and they are seething . Recently, in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, I stood with 1,000 young people as they bowed their heads for victims of the Pakistan school attack . They all signed the petition . The same happened a few days earlier when thousands of young people demonstrated in Kenya and at the Nobel ceremony in Oslo more than 6,000 children gathered to show unity for girls' rights and for education . For too long young people have relied on adults who have done too little to stop the violation of the rights of the children for whom they were responsible . In 2015 it will be a civil rights struggle of young people LED by young people that will be the world's best hope . Student:	The famous novelist JK Rowling, leader of a charity helping 25 million orphans, recently asked;"Who is easier to silence than a child?"	task522_news_editorial_summary	NIv2	fs_opt	2	train
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task. Your task is to extract the thesis of an opinionated news article by selecting some of its text segments. The thesis is a summarization of what the author wants to persuade the reader of. Your answer should consist of segments of the given text. Note that you are not allowed to combine different sentences. Our 'impartial' broadcasters have become mouthpieces of the elite. When people say they have no politics, it means that their politics aligns with the status quo . None of us are unbiased , none removed from the question of power . We are social creatures who absorb the outlook and opinions of those with whom we associate, and unconciously echo them . Objectivity is impossible . The illusion of neutrality is one of the reasons for the rotten state of journalism, as those who might have been expected to hold power to account drift thoughtlessly into its arms . But until I came across the scandal currently erupting in Canada, I hadn't understood just how quickly standards are falling . In 2013 reporters at CBC, Canada's equivalent of the BBC, broke a major story . They discovered that RBC - Royal Bank of Canada - had done something cruel and unusual even by banking standards . It was obliging junior staff to train a group of temporary foreign workers , who would then be given the staff's jobs . Just after the first report was aired, according to the website Canadaland, something odd happened : journalists preparing to expand on the investigation were summoned to a conference call with Amanda Lang, CBC's senior business correspondent and a star presenter . The reporters she spoke to say she repeatedly attempted to scuttle the story, dismissing it as trivial and dull . They were astonished . But not half as astonished as when they discovered the following, unpublished facts . First , that Lang had spoken at a series of events run or sponsored by RBC - for which she appears, on one occasion, to have been paid around 15,000 Canadian dollars . Second , that she was booked to speak at an event sponsored by the outsourcing company the bank had hired to implement the cruel practice exposed by her colleagues . Third , that her partner is a board member at RBC . Lang then interviewed the bank's chief executive on her own show . When he dismissed the story as unfair and misleading , she did not challenge him . That evening she uncritically repeated his talking points on CBC's main current affairs programme . Her interests, again, were not revealed . Then she wrote a comment article for the Globe and Mail newspaper suggesting that her colleagues' story arose from an outdated suspicion of business, was dangerous to Canada's interests, and was nothing but "a sideshow" . Here's what she said about the bank's employment practices:"It's called capitalism, and it isn't a dirty word." Canadaland, which exposed Lang's conflicts last week, found that other journalists at the broadcaster were furious, but too frightened to speak on the record . But after CBC tried to dismiss the scandal as "half-truths based on anonymous sources" , Kathy Tomlinson, the reporter who had broken the story about the bank, bravely spoke publicly to the website . The following morning, staff in her office arrived to find this message spelt out in magnets on their fridge:"Jesse Brown snitches get stitches" . Jesse Brown is Canadaland's founder . CBC refused to answer my questions , and I have not had a response from Lang . It amazes me that she remains employed by CBC , which has so far done nothing but bluster and berate its critics . This is grotesque . But it's symptomatic of a much wider problem in journalism : those who are supposed to scrutinise the financial and political elite are embedded within it . Many belong to a service-sector aristocracy, wedded metaphorically (sometimes literally) to finance . Often unwittingly, they amplify the voices of the elite, while muffling those raised against it . A study by academics at the Cardiff School of Journalism examined the BBC Today programme's reporting of the bank bailouts in 2008 . It discovered that the contributors it chose were "almost completely dominated by stockbrokers, investment bankers, hedge fund managers and other City voices . Civil society voices or commentators who questioned the benefits of having such a large finance sector were almost completely absent from coverage." The financiers who had caused the crisis were asked to interpret it . The same goes for discussions about the deficit and the perceived need for austerity . The debate has been dominated by political and economic elites , while alternative voices - arguing that the crisis has been exaggerated, or that instead of cuts, the government should respond with Keynesian spending programmes or taxes on financial transactions, wealth or land- have scarcely been heard . Those priorities have changed your life : the BBC helped to shape the political consensus under which so many are now suffering . The BBC's business reporting breaks its editorial guidelines every day by failing to provide alternative viewpoints . Every weekday morning, the Today programme grovels to business leaders for 10 minutes . It might occasionally challenge them on the value or viability of their companies, but hardly ever on their ethics . Corporate critics are shut out of its business coverage - and almost all the rest . On BBC News at Six, the Cardiff researchers found, business representatives outnumbered trade union representatives by 19 to one . "The BBC tends to reproduce a Conservative, Eurosceptic, pro-business version of the world," the study said . This, remember, is where people turn when they don't trust the corporate press . While the way in which the media handle the stories that are covered is bad enough , the absence of coverage is even worse . If an issue does not divide the main political parties , it vanishes from view , though the parties now disagree on hardly anything . Another study reveals a near total collapse of environmental coverage on ITV and BBC news: it declined from 2.5% (ITV) and 1.6% (BBC) of total airtime in 2007 to, respectively, 0.2% and 0.3% in 2014 . There were as many news stories on these outlets about Madeleine McCann in 2014 - seven years after her disappearance - as there were about all environmental issues put together . Those entrusted to challenge power are the loyalists of power . They rage against social media and people such as Russell Brand, without seeing that the popularity of alternatives is a response to their own failures: their failure to expose the claims of the haut monde, their failure to enlist a diversity of opinion, their failure to permit the audience to see that another world is possible . If even the public sector broadcasters parrot the talking points of the elite , what hope is there for informed democratic choice? o Twitter: @georgemonbiot . A fully referenced version of this article can be found at Monbiot.com . Solution: The illusion of neutrality is one of the reasons for the rotten state of journalism, as those who might have been expected to hold power to account drift thoughtlessly into its arms We are social creatures who absorb the outlook and opinions of those with whom we associate, and unconciously echo them Why? The text span selected for thesis is meaningful and correct. Pay attention that there can be more than one correct thesis for each article. Some meaningful subsets of this thesis also can be accepted as a thesis, like : "none of us are unbiased" New input: It used to be rude not to answer the phone. Now you're rude if you do. Michael Gove is a difficult man to feel sorry for . It seems even his friends can't always manage it . David Cameron, for example - I think he's his friend . He'd definitely say he was Michael Gove's friend but then , politicians being what they are, the fact that he'd say it doesn't enormously increase the statistical chances of its being true . Anyway , they're certainly political allies - or at least were, before Gove made his ill-judged remark about the "preposterous" number of the prime minister's coterie who went to Eton , which ironically led Cameron to lose faith in about the only one who didn't, Gove himself . "That's what you get," the PM must have muttered to himself,"for trusting oiks." Since then Gove's slide down the greasy pole could hardly have been less dignified if he'd been wearing nipple tassels . Which, for all we know, he was . Like a former deputy headmaster who's been busted down to head prefect , Gove not only has to remain loyal to a government that has scorned him but, as chief whip, he must also enforce loyalty in others . But I didn't feel sorry for him until last week when I read that his mobile phone had gone off during a cabinet meeting . This is obviously bad form : for security reasons, you're not even supposed to bring phones into those gatherings . To make matters worse his ringtone is, according to someone who was there:"Jazz FM-style comedown music after a heavy night out" . I'm not entirely sure what that means , but it's clearly some sort of tune . I'm going to imagine it as the theme from Bod . So in the middle of some serious conversation about the Charlie Hebdo shootings or the economy or the NHS, while Vince Cable is expressing some "serious concerns" and everyone else is trying to make drooping eyelids look like they're concentrating hard , suddenly it's "Diddle-it-deduh-dede-duh-duh!" and Gove is jumping and wriggling like George Osborne's Tasered him again . Gove's seated twist having gone on "for quite a while", the PM intervened with what one witness described as "a public bollocking" . Even if Cameron could summon no compassion for his friend , I can . I sympathise with Michael Gove here, as a point of principle . I also sympathise with those people in West End theatres who are hit by a volley of rage and sarcasm from some knight of the stage when Nokia Tune has crashed in on his soliloquy . I sympathise whenever it happens at meetings, weddings, carol services or when someone's tearfully coming out . I sympathise because one day it will happen to me . However careful I am with my phone- and, as a slightly obsessive person, I'm pretty careful- there are times when I take it out, utterly convinced that it's been switched off for hours, and find five bars beaming back from my hand, as incriminating as a gory dagger . Most of the time, I check it every 30 seconds . But sometimes I just don't . My fastidious self-image deceives me into carelessness . At some point, I'm going to come a cropper . And when that shaming moment comes , as I fumble in my trousers by the heat of a hundred stares , I want to be surrounded by people who accept that this could happen to anyone, and might believe that this is an issue about which I'm at least averagely diligent . That's not how it'll be, though . Our attitudes to accidental phone rings are stuck in the 80s . Even though the mobile has long since ceased to be a cutting-edge gadget possessed only by the high-earning early-adopting few , when one goes off inappropriately, we still visualise a shameless yuppie in red braces, Aston Martin double-parked outside, closing deals - an offensive symbol of profligate and faddish modernity . This is hopelessly out of step with what these machines now mean to us . Research just published by a team at the University of Missouri shows that, when a sample of 40 people were temporarily deprived of their iPhones, their heart rate and blood pressure rose, and their ability to perform tasks suffered . Our mobiles, the paper suggests, are now "an extension of our physical selves, an umbilical cord, anchoring the information society's digital infrastructure to our very bodies" . We hate to be parted from them and we don't much like turning them off . Many will lament this , but it's not altogether bad . Our phones reassure us because they make us feel connected - because if your mobile is turned on, in range and not ringing , it probably means that no work crisis has developed and no disaster has befallen a close friend or loved one . It's a constant everyone-in-your-life-is-more-or-less-OK monitor . Maybe we should learn to live without such reassurance , but it doesn't reflect entirely badly on us that we're comforted by it . People often criticise one another for talking or texting on their phones in preference to live interaction . "We met for a coffee but she spent the whole time on the phone!" "We were having lunch and his mobile rang- and he actually answered it!" Such critics forget that, in the heyday of the landline, a ringing telephone - the phone in the hall - was always answered . The notion of call screening is entirely modern . It never used to be rude to answer - it was rude not to . The onus of politeness, in those days, was on the caller . Except in an emergency, you didn't telephone someone at a mealtime, during their favourite television programme or after 10 o'clock . When you thought someone might not want to be disturbed, you didn't disturb them unless you had to . It's the passing of that etiquette, rather than the prevalence of mobile phones, that I think is a shame . Of course , in the age of the mobile, it's impossible to know whether the person you're calling will find it convenient to chat . You can't know if they're eating or in the cinema or reading the traffic news . So how about this : only call a mobile if you really need to . If you just want a chat, call a landline , and not during meals . So that , if "I Will Survive" starts blaring from your Android during an aunt's funeral , it's not you who's been rude . And the person who has isn't there . David Mitchell's new book, Thinking About It Only Makes It Worse, is published by Guardian Faber (? 18.99) . To order a copy for ? 11.99 go to bookshop.theguardian.com or call 0330 333 6846 . Solution:	It's the passing of that etiquette, rather than the prevalence of mobile phones, that I think is a shame Our attitudes to accidental phone rings are stuck in the 80s	task522_news_editorial_summary	NIv2	fs_opt	0	train
Detailed Instructions: Your task is to extract the thesis of an opinionated news article by selecting some of its text segments. The thesis is a summarization of what the author wants to persuade the reader of. Your answer should consist of segments of the given text. Note that you are not allowed to combine different sentences. Problem:Iran talks: Moving beyond 'worn out' policies. The stakes are high in the latest round of nuclear talks starting today in Geneva between Iran and the P5+1 at the deputy foreign minister level . Over the past week, US Secretary of State John Kerry and his Iranian counterpart Mohammad Jawed Zarif have held long conversations in Geneva and Paris, lasting over seven hours . Both realise that more flexibility is required to avoid the break up of the talks . British Prime Minister David Cameron spoke on the subject with US President Barack Obama and the foreign ministers of France, Germany and the EU foreign policy chief all held talks separately with Zarif . Yet if both sides continue to stick to their strict red lines it is questionable whether this round of talks will be any better than the last . It may be time for more flexible red lines if failure is to be avoided . "Chances are less than 50/50," admits Obama, in a joint press conference with the British Prime Minister David Cameron when both leaders spent well over half of their press conferences spelling out what was at stake if a deal with Iran was not finalised by the June deadline . Obama explained how"the most successful, the most effective sanctions regime" had eventually led Iran to the negotiating table . He said:"If we can get a verifiable deal with the necessary assurances then that would be the best deal." Yet Iran's foreign ministry spokesperson said sanctions are a "worn out policy" and asked the White House to adopt a "logical approach" . Iran would not accept a deal that constrains its enrichment programme without the West reducing sanctions . "Now we have come to a stage in the talks that requires the other side to take its decision to enable us to move forward," said Zarif when arriving in Geneva . "There needs to be some new and comprehensive proposals." The latest directive from Iran's leader, Ali Khamenei is that officials "should take away the weapon of sanctions from the enemy" . "Even one step in retreat will lead to enemy's advance," he said . He is angered that "Americans say flagrantly that even if Iran withdraws in the nuclear issue, the sanctions will not be lifted all together and at once" . Khamenei is referring to the main point of contention; the issue of the period of curbing Iran's enrichment programme in exchange for the lifting of four sets of sanctions imposed on Iran by the UN, EU and the US . The US wants the curbing of sanctions to be in a period covering well over 10 years, closer to 20 or in "double digits" as US administration officials put it . This is to ensure Iran's breakout time is prolonged . Iran sees this as an attempt for forcing it to forego what it calls its peaceful enrichment programme . It does not accept this long period of curbing its enrichment programme without the reciprocal reduction in sanctions . It is believed that the Iranian leader could be persuaded with anything below 10 years or a timeframe in a "single digit" . "Iran is deeply suspicious of the US and the West," said Obama . Mutual distrust is at the core of the failure of the unwillingness on both side to be flexible . Khamenei still refers to the US as"enemy" and the US continues to refuse to lift sanctions fearing Iran's return to enrichment . It is not clear if western trust has taken another blow from reports that Syria is still trying to make nuclear weapons and has been getting help from Iran and North Korea . The two sides would not be able to reach an agreement especially when the US Congress is pushing daily for imposing further sanctions in support of the Israeli lobby . Republican Senator Mark Kirk and Democratic Senator Robert Menendez are finalising a bill for tougher sanctions . Senator Bob Corker is also working on a bill to ensure the congress must approve any final deal with Iran . Iran hardliners answer sanctions with the threat of enrichment . "Further sanctions will result in a vote in the Iranian parliament for continuing enrichment," said Ali Larijani, the head of Judiciary . "The enemies wanted to deprive Iran from its right to the nuclear technology and even resorted to military threats to this end." Hardline members of parliament are proposing a bill to increase the uranium enrichment programme to 60 percent . "I am not, repeat, not suggesting that we are in immediate war footing, should negotiations with Iran fail," said Obama . At the same time he made it clear he would veto any congressional attempts at new sanctions against Iran . "Hold your fire," he told the congress . "We must not jeopardise the chance" to get a verifiable deal with Iran . Although Republicans now hold a 54-46 seat majority in the Senate , it is not clear whether there would manage to get the 67 votes required in the Senate to override an Obama veto of any Iran legislation . In intensive meetings with his European counterpart, Zarif has no doubt conveyed to them that if there is no easing of the sanctions there would be little he could do back home . He has asked for "serious and brave decisions" in order to move forward . The world has heard expressions of commitments and hope from Iran and the countries P5+1 for over a year now . Yet those brave words must be coupled either with more flexibility as recommended by experts or coupled alternatively with new ideas, new methods and possibly new redlines . There is still time and several avenues are still open . For example there could be more direct involvement by UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon, in the form of a representative, a high calibre UN negotiator , who could add momentum to the talks and create synergy . Otherwise it is difficult to see how the negotiators can come up with a solution if they have not managed it in the past 14 months . Solution:	The stakes are high in the latest round of nuclear talks starting today in Geneva between Iran and the P5+1 at the deputy foreign minister level	task522_news_editorial_summary	NIv2	zs_opt	8	train
Your task is to extract the thesis of an opinionated news article by selecting some of its text segments. The thesis is a summarization of what the author wants to persuade the reader of. Your answer should consist of segments of the given text. Note that you are not allowed to combine different sentences. [Q]: Let the Iraqi Army have its day. On January 6, Iraq will hold its annual Army Day parade in Baghdad . The ceremony evokes mixed feelings amongst Iraqis : after all , the parade marches under massive crossed swords wielded by giant bronze hands modelled on those of Saddam Hussein himself . For the Kurds it is an ominous ritual, a leftover from an era when Baghdad's military power far outstripped that of the Kurds and when Iraqi state power was used ruthlessly against northern rebellions . The stronger the Iraqi army gets, the Kurds reckon, the more chance it will be used against Kurdistan again . Iraq's Sunnis were the leading force within the Iraqi army since its foundation on January 6, 1921 . In general , the Sunnis fondly remember the pre-2003 army as a national institution of unrivalled prestige but view today's Iraqi army as a weak shadow of its former self, dominated by Shia officers . The views of Iraq's Shia community may be more complex . Before 2003, the Iraqi military was regularly used as a tool of oppression against the Iraqi Shia , yet many older Shia also remember the army as a symbol of modernity and Arab nationalist pride . With a Shia-led government in Baghdad, young Shia were beginning to recognise the army as a friendly institution . The collapse of Iraqi army divisions in northern and western Iraq in June 2014 dented the army's reputation, with recent victories being credited to the predominately-Shia popular mobilisation militias (al-Hashd al-Shaabi) or else the tiny cadre of special forces - the so-called Golden Division . This is a critical year for the Iraqi army , which is in danger of losing its status as the nation's premier armed force . In 2009, when the US-led"train and equip" effort reached its zenith, the Iraqi army fielded 55 combat brigades with approximately 210,000 troops . The Iraqi Ministry of Interior (MoI) fielded around 30 smaller brigades, totaling around 120,000 troops . Today the Iraqi army fields 40 weak brigades with a total combat strength of around 48,000 troops . In contrast , the MoI survived the summer comparatively well and now fields 24 brigades, totaling around 36,000 troops . The gap has narrowed between the two security ministries . In addition to the army and MoI, there are two other security forces that are on the rise . One is the Popular Mobilisation forces , which seem to field approximately 100,000 troops, including a well-trained offensive cadre of around 20,000 fighters . The final potential force is the National Guard that is being considered as an option by Iraqi politicians . This force would, in theory, be trained, equipped and paid by the federal government, whilst being recruited and operated by the provincial councils . In a step towards this concept, a 5,000-strong US-equipped Tribal Security Force brigade has been provided with $13.5 million worth of US weapons and training in the new US Department of Defense budget . It is now up to Iraq's government whether the country will pay these troops as part of the first National Guard units in the forthcoming 2015 budget . It is also unclear exactly which ministry would administer the training, equipping and paying of National Guard troops: the US-backed Ministry of Defense (MoD) under Minister Khalid al-Ubeidi, a Sunni from Mosul, or the MoI, led by Badr leader Mohammed Ghabban, a close lieutenant of Badr leader Hadi al-Amiri . The scheme could become a way of permanently employing the Popular Mobilisation forces in the National Guard units of the predominately-Shia southern provinces . With the Kurdish Peshmerga representing another large force of around 54 brigades with 113,000 troops, the Iraqi army is thus on-track to become one of the smaller security forces in Iraq . In 2015, the army's performance and the international support provided to Iraq's MoD will be critical factors in determining the future of this proud institution . In the background, the slow process of rebuilding the army has already begun . New half-manned brigades are popping up at training bases in Nasiriya, Kirkush and at the collection points for the shattered army divisions across north- central Iraq . More units will follow in the coming months . Meanwhile a US-funded $1.6 billion train and equip programme will aim to produce a further nine full-strength Iraqi army brigades in 2015, adding a further 45,000 troops to the army and nearly doubling its frontline combat strength . (Three Peshmerga brigades or 15,000 troops will also be re-equipped under the programme) . The first of 250 US-provided Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP) vehicles have arrived in Iraq, sent directly by the United States at no cost from Afghanistan . Another 3,496 tactical vehicles (Hummers, trucks, fuel tankers and engineering vehicles) will also be provided to the Iraqi army cost-free by the US military , and Iraq will probably buy a further 1,000 newly-built M1151A1 up-armoured Hummers in 2015 . If the US follows through on its pledges of training and equipment , the Iraqi army could survive its disastrous year in 2014 and play a key role in the struggle to evict Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) forces from cities like Mosul, Tikrit, Ramadi and Fallujah . The Iraqi army can draw on some illustrious history . In 1973, it deployed 18,000 troops with 300 tanks to save Damascus during the "October War" : this feat, mustering and moving an army 1,200km in just six days, remains deeply impressive . Iraq's five lightning offensives in April, May and June of 1988 shattered the Iranian army and were textbook examples of planning and execution . If the Iraqi army can be rebuilt with Shia, Sunni Arab and Kurdish political support , and if the well-led Ministry of Defense can guide the National Guard initiative , the coming year could witness new Iraqi army victories at Mosul . Successful operations undertaken by this national institution, with deep roots in the Iraq's history, will be far more beneficial to the country than victories scored solely by Shia militias or local Sunni uprisings, either of which could further fracture Iraq . [A]: On January 6, Iraq will hold its annual Army Day parade in Baghdad [Q]: It used to be rude not to answer the phone. Now you're rude if you do. Michael Gove is a difficult man to feel sorry for . It seems even his friends can't always manage it . David Cameron, for example - I think he's his friend . He'd definitely say he was Michael Gove's friend but then , politicians being what they are, the fact that he'd say it doesn't enormously increase the statistical chances of its being true . Anyway , they're certainly political allies - or at least were, before Gove made his ill-judged remark about the "preposterous" number of the prime minister's coterie who went to Eton , which ironically led Cameron to lose faith in about the only one who didn't, Gove himself . "That's what you get," the PM must have muttered to himself,"for trusting oiks." Since then Gove's slide down the greasy pole could hardly have been less dignified if he'd been wearing nipple tassels . Which, for all we know, he was . Like a former deputy headmaster who's been busted down to head prefect , Gove not only has to remain loyal to a government that has scorned him but, as chief whip, he must also enforce loyalty in others . But I didn't feel sorry for him until last week when I read that his mobile phone had gone off during a cabinet meeting . This is obviously bad form : for security reasons, you're not even supposed to bring phones into those gatherings . To make matters worse his ringtone is, according to someone who was there:"Jazz FM-style comedown music after a heavy night out" . I'm not entirely sure what that means , but it's clearly some sort of tune . I'm going to imagine it as the theme from Bod . So in the middle of some serious conversation about the Charlie Hebdo shootings or the economy or the NHS, while Vince Cable is expressing some "serious concerns" and everyone else is trying to make drooping eyelids look like they're concentrating hard , suddenly it's "Diddle-it-deduh-dede-duh-duh!" and Gove is jumping and wriggling like George Osborne's Tasered him again . Gove's seated twist having gone on "for quite a while", the PM intervened with what one witness described as "a public bollocking" . Even if Cameron could summon no compassion for his friend , I can . I sympathise with Michael Gove here, as a point of principle . I also sympathise with those people in West End theatres who are hit by a volley of rage and sarcasm from some knight of the stage when Nokia Tune has crashed in on his soliloquy . I sympathise whenever it happens at meetings, weddings, carol services or when someone's tearfully coming out . I sympathise because one day it will happen to me . However careful I am with my phone- and, as a slightly obsessive person, I'm pretty careful- there are times when I take it out, utterly convinced that it's been switched off for hours, and find five bars beaming back from my hand, as incriminating as a gory dagger . Most of the time, I check it every 30 seconds . But sometimes I just don't . My fastidious self-image deceives me into carelessness . At some point, I'm going to come a cropper . And when that shaming moment comes , as I fumble in my trousers by the heat of a hundred stares , I want to be surrounded by people who accept that this could happen to anyone, and might believe that this is an issue about which I'm at least averagely diligent . That's not how it'll be, though . Our attitudes to accidental phone rings are stuck in the 80s . Even though the mobile has long since ceased to be a cutting-edge gadget possessed only by the high-earning early-adopting few , when one goes off inappropriately, we still visualise a shameless yuppie in red braces, Aston Martin double-parked outside, closing deals - an offensive symbol of profligate and faddish modernity . This is hopelessly out of step with what these machines now mean to us . Research just published by a team at the University of Missouri shows that, when a sample of 40 people were temporarily deprived of their iPhones, their heart rate and blood pressure rose, and their ability to perform tasks suffered . Our mobiles, the paper suggests, are now "an extension of our physical selves, an umbilical cord, anchoring the information society's digital infrastructure to our very bodies" . We hate to be parted from them and we don't much like turning them off . Many will lament this , but it's not altogether bad . Our phones reassure us because they make us feel connected - because if your mobile is turned on, in range and not ringing , it probably means that no work crisis has developed and no disaster has befallen a close friend or loved one . It's a constant everyone-in-your-life-is-more-or-less-OK monitor . Maybe we should learn to live without such reassurance , but it doesn't reflect entirely badly on us that we're comforted by it . People often criticise one another for talking or texting on their phones in preference to live interaction . "We met for a coffee but she spent the whole time on the phone!" "We were having lunch and his mobile rang- and he actually answered it!" Such critics forget that, in the heyday of the landline, a ringing telephone - the phone in the hall - was always answered . The notion of call screening is entirely modern . It never used to be rude to answer - it was rude not to . The onus of politeness, in those days, was on the caller . Except in an emergency, you didn't telephone someone at a mealtime, during their favourite television programme or after 10 o'clock . When you thought someone might not want to be disturbed, you didn't disturb them unless you had to . It's the passing of that etiquette, rather than the prevalence of mobile phones, that I think is a shame . Of course , in the age of the mobile, it's impossible to know whether the person you're calling will find it convenient to chat . You can't know if they're eating or in the cinema or reading the traffic news . So how about this : only call a mobile if you really need to . If you just want a chat, call a landline , and not during meals . So that , if "I Will Survive" starts blaring from your Android during an aunt's funeral , it's not you who's been rude . And the person who has isn't there . David Mitchell's new book, Thinking About It Only Makes It Worse, is published by Guardian Faber (? 18.99) . To order a copy for ? 11.99 go to bookshop.theguardian.com or call 0330 333 6846 . [A]: It's the passing of that etiquette, rather than the prevalence of mobile phones, that I think is a shame Our attitudes to accidental phone rings are stuck in the 80s [Q]: Torturing Muslims is an 'awesome' way to get things done. On December 9, the Senate Select Committee released a partial report of the horrifying, illegal torture tactics used by the CIA during the Bush administration . Some question the timing . I think the timing is perfect . We are now in a position to recall what past black activists, from Martin Luther King to Angela Davis to Muhammad Ali, knew when they spoke against the immoral actions of their nation in Vietnam . The protesters in Ferguson got a sneak peek, or a reminder, of this lesson in August, when Palestinians, who had experience with being shot at with US-made weaponry, advised US protesters on how to treat the searing pain of tear gas bombs (pour Coca-Cola directly over the eyes) . But recently, because of the quick succession of the failures to indict the killers of Michael Brown and Eric Garner, and then the release of the torture report, we are at a moment in which the link between our domestic terrorism and our international terrorism is being drawn for the rest of us . Immediately after the release of the report, many in the media did their best to claim that the release of this report was part of some wider conspiracy to demoralise Americans . The best example of this would be Fox News' Andrea Tantaros , who, in the middle of a conversation about the report, began shouting that "The United States of America is awesome, we are awesome." She seemed positively indignant that the Obama administration was attempting to "have this discussion to show us how we're not awesome" . For those unfamiliar with the slang of US hipsters and teenagers, we generally use the "awesome/not awesome" binary to evaluate things like pizza, beer, or surfboards - not the moral character of a nation-state . But , if we are to adopt her method of expression , Tantaros seems to be forgetting that she is able to be on television in part because one or two generations ago, a few people declared that women not being able to participate in news media was not very "awesome" . She also forgets that a couple generations before that, her Greek last name would have prevented her from being considered"white" , and she thus would not have been allowed in front of a camera . Whether Tantaros accepts it or not, the history of equality in the US has been one of people deciding that things were not yet awesome, and taking it upon themselves to make them more awesome . But we should note that Tantaros was primarily angry at being forced to have a public conversation, and at being embarrassed that the world was seeing us have a discussion about our behaviour . "This makes us look bad," she pleaded . "And all this does is have our enemies laughing at us." Not only is torture illegal , but by US' own standards, it is ineffective . The CIA knew this . The 1992 US Army Field Manual on Interrogation explicitly advises that "the use of force is a poor technique, as it yields unreliable results", and can "induce the source to say whatever he thinks the interrogator wants to hear" . This ended up being true - we now know that one prisoner told the CIA that he was trying to recruit black Muslims in the US to attack gas stations . He later admitted that he made up the story,"because he thought that's what interrogators wanted to hear" . This year has also shown us that ineptitude can also happen at home, with our domestic police forces . The Ferguson Police Department has utterly failed to de-escalate tensions at every possible opportunity . We now know the officer that killed 12-year-old Tamir Rice was not fit to hold a pistol, much less a badge . In fact , a report by the Justice Department has shown that Cleveland police officers routinely use unjustified force in arrests, and fire their weapons "carelessly" , putting both innocent bystanders and themselves in danger . If the timing of the one-two punch of public revelations of anti-black racism and criminal torture do not convince us , then we can at least recognise a pattern in the people that are desperate to deny both . The torture report is available to anyone to view online, provided they are willing to wade through pages and pages of gruesome accounts . There is an account of putting a prisoner in a diaper, shackling him to the ceiling, and leaving him for days . One prisoner died of hypothermia after being chained, nearly naked, to a concrete floor . Many were sexually assaulted . Despite this, Republican Congressman Peter King attempted to wave these facts away, declaring that no harmful torture occurred . Instead , he brushed it off as merely a few"people made to stand in awkward positions" . This is the same Peter King who said that Eric Garner did not die because of a chokehold, but because he was overweight . It is also the same Peter King that implied that Garner, in his final moments, was lying about not being able to breathe . If Tantaros' reaction to the defiling of the "awesomeness" of the US seems childish , Peter King's reaction is worse . It is the rhetorical equivalent of sticking your fingers in your ears, and shouting "nyah, nyah, I can't hear you" - as your brother drowns beside you . And , as if we needed any clearer indication on how racism and callousness regarding the torture of non-whites were connected , we were given a clear reminder last week , when Facebook released a 23 second commercial about a feature of its service, and cast a Sikh man as the spokesperson . The video was immediately bombarded with angry comments calling the man an "ISIL terrorist", a "raghead", and a "sand nigger" . One commenter blasted Facebook itself, asking"Why do you have a Muslim on this pic?" When another user replied that he was a Sikh, the commenter responded:"Same thing." We might chalk this up to ignorance : Our education system is focused on white European and US history . Most Americans don't know the difference between a friendly Sikh man and a scary Muslim terrorist . Actually, most Americans couldn't tell you the difference between a fatwah and a plate of chapati . But we should be more precise here - it's not that we don't know , it's that we don't want to know . But then again , separating "good" brown people from "bad" ones isn't the point, and wouldn't make a difference . For too many of us, anyone brown and bearded is automatically al-Qaeda, and deserves to be tortured and killed . Our understanding of humanity does not apply to anyone that can be mistaken for Muslim or Arab , and we excuse ourselves for this moral exception by constantly reminding ourselves that our country was attacked in 2001 . It's not that we can't know that we are terrorising black people . It's not that we can't know that the people we tortured in those prisons were people . We could, if we wanted to . But we don't want to . The events of the past few months have shown us that we are not up against a few crooked cops, a group of rogue rednecks, or a wacky news station . We are up against an empire of immorality that, in its fear, would rather shoot and waterboard the world, than to learn about it . If there is a true "enemy" , it is that Empire . It has been hiding in plain sight , and this year, it has revealed itself- in the mirror . As Tantaros says, it laughs at us . What we choose to do about that is up to us . [A]:	On December 9, the Senate Select Committee released a partial report of the horrifying, illegal torture tactics used by the CIA during the Bush administration	task522_news_editorial_summary	NIv2	fs_opt	5	train
Part 1. Definition Your task is to extract the thesis of an opinionated news article by selecting some of its text segments. The thesis is a summarization of what the author wants to persuade the reader of. Your answer should consist of segments of the given text. Note that you are not allowed to combine different sentences. Part 2. Example Our 'impartial' broadcasters have become mouthpieces of the elite. When people say they have no politics, it means that their politics aligns with the status quo . None of us are unbiased , none removed from the question of power . We are social creatures who absorb the outlook and opinions of those with whom we associate, and unconciously echo them . Objectivity is impossible . The illusion of neutrality is one of the reasons for the rotten state of journalism, as those who might have been expected to hold power to account drift thoughtlessly into its arms . But until I came across the scandal currently erupting in Canada, I hadn't understood just how quickly standards are falling . In 2013 reporters at CBC, Canada's equivalent of the BBC, broke a major story . They discovered that RBC - Royal Bank of Canada - had done something cruel and unusual even by banking standards . It was obliging junior staff to train a group of temporary foreign workers , who would then be given the staff's jobs . Just after the first report was aired, according to the website Canadaland, something odd happened : journalists preparing to expand on the investigation were summoned to a conference call with Amanda Lang, CBC's senior business correspondent and a star presenter . The reporters she spoke to say she repeatedly attempted to scuttle the story, dismissing it as trivial and dull . They were astonished . But not half as astonished as when they discovered the following, unpublished facts . First , that Lang had spoken at a series of events run or sponsored by RBC - for which she appears, on one occasion, to have been paid around 15,000 Canadian dollars . Second , that she was booked to speak at an event sponsored by the outsourcing company the bank had hired to implement the cruel practice exposed by her colleagues . Third , that her partner is a board member at RBC . Lang then interviewed the bank's chief executive on her own show . When he dismissed the story as unfair and misleading , she did not challenge him . That evening she uncritically repeated his talking points on CBC's main current affairs programme . Her interests, again, were not revealed . Then she wrote a comment article for the Globe and Mail newspaper suggesting that her colleagues' story arose from an outdated suspicion of business, was dangerous to Canada's interests, and was nothing but "a sideshow" . Here's what she said about the bank's employment practices:"It's called capitalism, and it isn't a dirty word." Canadaland, which exposed Lang's conflicts last week, found that other journalists at the broadcaster were furious, but too frightened to speak on the record . But after CBC tried to dismiss the scandal as "half-truths based on anonymous sources" , Kathy Tomlinson, the reporter who had broken the story about the bank, bravely spoke publicly to the website . The following morning, staff in her office arrived to find this message spelt out in magnets on their fridge:"Jesse Brown snitches get stitches" . Jesse Brown is Canadaland's founder . CBC refused to answer my questions , and I have not had a response from Lang . It amazes me that she remains employed by CBC , which has so far done nothing but bluster and berate its critics . This is grotesque . But it's symptomatic of a much wider problem in journalism : those who are supposed to scrutinise the financial and political elite are embedded within it . Many belong to a service-sector aristocracy, wedded metaphorically (sometimes literally) to finance . Often unwittingly, they amplify the voices of the elite, while muffling those raised against it . A study by academics at the Cardiff School of Journalism examined the BBC Today programme's reporting of the bank bailouts in 2008 . It discovered that the contributors it chose were "almost completely dominated by stockbrokers, investment bankers, hedge fund managers and other City voices . Civil society voices or commentators who questioned the benefits of having such a large finance sector were almost completely absent from coverage." The financiers who had caused the crisis were asked to interpret it . The same goes for discussions about the deficit and the perceived need for austerity . The debate has been dominated by political and economic elites , while alternative voices - arguing that the crisis has been exaggerated, or that instead of cuts, the government should respond with Keynesian spending programmes or taxes on financial transactions, wealth or land- have scarcely been heard . Those priorities have changed your life : the BBC helped to shape the political consensus under which so many are now suffering . The BBC's business reporting breaks its editorial guidelines every day by failing to provide alternative viewpoints . Every weekday morning, the Today programme grovels to business leaders for 10 minutes . It might occasionally challenge them on the value or viability of their companies, but hardly ever on their ethics . Corporate critics are shut out of its business coverage - and almost all the rest . On BBC News at Six, the Cardiff researchers found, business representatives outnumbered trade union representatives by 19 to one . "The BBC tends to reproduce a Conservative, Eurosceptic, pro-business version of the world," the study said . This, remember, is where people turn when they don't trust the corporate press . While the way in which the media handle the stories that are covered is bad enough , the absence of coverage is even worse . If an issue does not divide the main political parties , it vanishes from view , though the parties now disagree on hardly anything . Another study reveals a near total collapse of environmental coverage on ITV and BBC news: it declined from 2.5% (ITV) and 1.6% (BBC) of total airtime in 2007 to, respectively, 0.2% and 0.3% in 2014 . There were as many news stories on these outlets about Madeleine McCann in 2014 - seven years after her disappearance - as there were about all environmental issues put together . Those entrusted to challenge power are the loyalists of power . They rage against social media and people such as Russell Brand, without seeing that the popularity of alternatives is a response to their own failures: their failure to expose the claims of the haut monde, their failure to enlist a diversity of opinion, their failure to permit the audience to see that another world is possible . If even the public sector broadcasters parrot the talking points of the elite , what hope is there for informed democratic choice? o Twitter: @georgemonbiot . A fully referenced version of this article can be found at Monbiot.com . Answer: The illusion of neutrality is one of the reasons for the rotten state of journalism, as those who might have been expected to hold power to account drift thoughtlessly into its arms We are social creatures who absorb the outlook and opinions of those with whom we associate, and unconciously echo them Explanation: The text span selected for thesis is meaningful and correct. Pay attention that there can be more than one correct thesis for each article. Some meaningful subsets of this thesis also can be accepted as a thesis, like : "none of us are unbiased" Part 3. Exercise Inside the National Gallery, a portrait of modern inequality. The National Gallery's colonnaded splendour radiates across Trafalgar Square a sense of the importance of art in Britain's national life . But the reality inside is far less glorious . The 400 gallery assistants are about to be outsourced to a private company against their will, to squeeze pay and conditions . A ballot by their union, PCS, closes this week, calling for a five-day strike in protest . All day they guard the nation's treasures: not automata, but well-informed, if untrained, guides who like to be asked questions, know where paintings are, are glad to advise nervous visitors unsure what to look at . Some have worked there for 40 years , some are younger, many former art students . Ben, who has been there for over a decade since art school, is an artist when not at work stopping people poking the paintings . His favourite beat is the impressionists and Van Gogh , where he sends the ditherers : all assistants have their preferences, he says (Poussin and the French classicists being the least popular) . A letter to staff from the director, Nicholas Penny, says all gallery services go out to tender in April, something no other national gallery or museum has done . That includes visitor services, school bookings, public information and even complaints . As Tupe - Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employment) - regulations require, staff will transfer to a private company on the same terms , but that's weak protection : they can be sent to work anywhere in that company . As one fearful gallery assistant says:"I came to work at the National Gallery, but I could be transferred to a supermarket car park." This is the only national museum in London not paying the living wage . A tangle of pay rates means that older staff (predominantly male) are paid more than newer (predominantly female) . But even if men and women's pay were equalised , many of the older staff would still lose out . The gallery's grant is being cut , so it needs to make more money with extra paid evening events . Staff are willing - but expect extra pay . Management says negotiations went nowhere , so they have to go nuclear: let a private company get tough with them . Some would leave : they note that the security firm CIS, brought in to staff the recent Rembrandt exhibition, took away the chairs used by the gallery's own guards . That's how private companies profit from these contracts : as old staff leave, new staff can be hired at any pay rate . One gallery trustee I spoke to admitted that CIS had been brought in to run the Sainsbury wing to give the gallery staff a fright . CIS, if you look at its website , mostly provides heavies to guard empty buildings, not talk to the public . Most trustees, I'm told, would like to keep the staff in-house . What happens in hard times is always the same : spreadsheets show the most crushable item is staff . Numbers are cut and squeezed hard for longer hours . Vital breaks in a long day are eliminated . Changing into your uniform or taking your tea break has to happen on unpaid time . It's easier to let ruthless companies to do the dirty work , so squeamish managers can wash their hands of consequences . Both sides will now go to Acas : there is still time to pull back from this privatisation too far . This shedding of long-term employees is emblematic of low-pay Britain , where a million public jobs are being lost . Public servants are more unionised than other workforces, and so irksome to managers who eye a commercial world of 19th century employment practices - lump labour on zero hours, temp agencies, free interns, the bogus self-employed free of national insurance . The public servants' ethos, their attachment to the civic realm, has been systematically trashed as mere unionised self-interest . What's afoot at the gallery explains why pay is falling as a share of GDP . Galloping inequality is the result of a million such decisions employers think prudent , mainly because everyone is doing it . The derelict Low Pay Commission has let the minimum wage itself fall? 1,000 in real value since 2008 . The Tory call last week for higher wages was breathtaking dishonesty , echoing the TUC's "Britain Needs a Pay Rise" campaign . The government has huge sway over pay . If it demanded the living wage not just for its employees, but also from every contractor and supplier , then national pay norms would rise instantly . If the Low Pay Commission set higher minimums appropriate to each sector , like the old wages councils, larger companies could pay decent salaries according to profitability . The Joseph Rowntree Foundation's latest report finds 40% of families with children living below a minimum threshold of decency . Most are in work- but earning too little to buy what a majority of the public in focus groups consider essentials for participation in society: no drink or cigarettes,? 5 a fortnight for eating out, ? 40 for Christmas food, one week's UK holiday . That takes an income of ? 20,400 a year for a couple with two children - which is almost? 3,000 more than National Gallery assistants earn . GDP growth is near invisible to the 8 million squeezed hardest, by this government's deliberate choice : average income loss since 2010 is? 33 a week . Now the government promises full employment - but what kind? Most new jobs are low paid, precarious and part time . For all George Osborne's hi-vis posturing about his sham "northern powerhouse", the latest figures from the Centre for Cities show how far the gap between the south and the rest has widened . At Davos this week, central bankers will echo the fashionable view that accelerating inequality is the real economic risk, a danger to capitalism itself . Oxfam tells them 1% of the population will by next year own more of the world's wealth than the other 99% : in Britain, the top 1% has soared away , and the bottom 10% has done worst while paying the highest proportion of its income in taxes: 47% . But no sign yet that the Davos set is worrying unduly: by Epiphany- 6 January - FTSE 100 chief executives had already earned more than a year of the average wage . How do you wrest back wealth from them? Restoring power to unions would help , ensuring every workplace is offered union membership . Instead , Cameron's manifesto will make strikes near-impossible, with a 40% ballot threshold unknown anywhere in the democratic west . That's a reason to hope the ever- patient attendants at the National Gallery resist being cast out to G4S, Serco and the rest- and remain as treasured employees of us all . o This article was amended on 20 January 2015 . An earlier version said:"Oxfam tells them 1% of the population will next year own 99% of the world's wealth" . This has been corrected to:"Oxfam tells them 1% of the population will by next year own more of the world's wealth than the other 99%" . Answer:	The National Gallery's colonnaded splendour radiates across Trafalgar Square a sense of the importance of art in Britain's national life where he sends the ditherers	task522_news_editorial_summary	NIv2	fs_opt	7	train
Your task is to extract the thesis of an opinionated news article by selecting some of its text segments. The thesis is a summarization of what the author wants to persuade the reader of. Your answer should consist of segments of the given text. Note that you are not allowed to combine different sentences. [Q]: Pope Francis' Vatican just gave Democrats a big boost for 2016. A bombshell Vatican report released Monday that gives a green light to the social activism of left-wing U.S nuns is the latest example of how the more liberal papacy of Pope Francis could affect the outcome of the 2016 US elections . The report forms the conclusion of an investigation, known as an "Apostolic Visitation," into the practices and beliefs of sisters across the U.S that was launched in 2008 under the papacy of Pope Benedict XVI amid long-standing concerns that many orders had lost their way . Although there are a significant number of vibrant orthodox orders, such as the pro-life Sisters of Life, the Dominican Sisters of St Cecilia and the Little Sisters of the Poor (who are currently fighting the ObamaCare contraception mandate) , a much larger number of orders have rejected Catholic doctrines on the divinity of Christ, on sacramental theology and on moral issues such as abortion, contraception and gay marriage . Instead they substituted in alternative, non-Christian forms of spirituality that rejected fundamental Catholic truths, accompanied by a turn toward aggressively partisan left-wing social activism . What was being investigated was on show in 2012, with a group of left-wing nuns forming a slick national campaign called the "Nuns on the Bus," campaigning against the proposed Ryan budget plan . Last year their tour topic was another Democrat favorite -- amnesty for illegal immigrants . Heading up the travelling sisters is Sr. Simone Campbell -- a lawyer and lobbyist who also led the nuns who defied the US bishops' condemnation of ObamaCare, signed a letter supporting the law and attended the signing ceremony at which she received a hug from President Obama . At that time, the power of the "Nuns on the Bus" was limited by their designation as rebels . With a Vatican investigation under way, it made it difficult for the nuns to claim to be the authentic moral voice of Catholicism . However , since then, Pope Francis has taken over and brought with him a certain interpretation of Catholic social teaching which adheres a lot closer to the tenets of the Democratic Party than more universally acknowledged truths pushed by Popes Benedict XVI and John Paul II . The results of the probe will no doubt invite speculation that Pope Francis has had heavy influence over the findings of the report , which can comfortably be described as a whitewash . The report mentions nothing of the "secularist mentality" and radical feminism that had been given as the reason for the launch of the investigation , and is mostly a document of praise which offers little-to-no criticism, no disciplinary action and says the nuns' work resonates with Pope Francis' emphasis on social justice . The report even manages to take a swipe at the U.S economy , praising the nuns for working in an economy that too often "creates inequity and exclusion." It is better than anything the liberal nuns could have hoped for . The liberal orders aren't out of the woods yet . A separate investigation by the Vatican's Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith into the Leadership Conference of Women Religious (LCWR) -- a coalition of predominantly left-wing orders -- is not complete , and the doctrinal watchdog is likely to find something in a group that prides itself in rebelling against Church teaching . However , Monday's report gives left-wing nuns, and the Democratic Party a big boost for 2016 . The Catholic vote has been decisive in modern U.S politics , and Catholic Democrats have often hyped their faith around election time . Joe Biden in particular has stood up as the advocate for liberal nuns, recently attending a "Nuns on the Bus" rally and in the past reportedly telling Pope Benedict XVI that he was being too hard on them and that he should "lighten up." With a recent Vatican synod appearing to undermine Church teaching on controversial issues , the new report is another blow to more traditional Catholics who, when the radical nuns are talking, have always been able to point out their status as rebels and dissenters ignoring Church teaching . Unless the CDF does a dramatic about-face with its report , the Democrats' favorite nuns will now claim to have Vatican approval . With a green light from Rome, expect left-wing nuns and the Democrat Party to be emboldened in their push to present the nuns -- and the Democrats -- as the authentic voice of Catholicism, putting the Democrats in a better position to retain and expand upon the often-decisive Catholic vote in 2016 . [A]: A bombshell Vatican report released Monday that gives a green light to the social activism of left-wing U.S nuns is the latest example of how the more liberal papacy of Pope Francis could affect the outcome of the 2016 US elections With a green light from Rome, expect left-wing nuns and the Democrat Party to be emboldened in their push to present the nuns -- and the Democrats -- as the authentic voice of Catholicism, putting the Democrats in a better position to retain and expand upon the often-decisive Catholic vote in 2016 [Q]: A Greek euro exit would hurt Europe - but not as much as it would hurt Greece. When the people of Greece go to the polls on 25 January, they will face some fairly fundamental choices . Contrary to what many politicians and commentators would have you believe, this election is not about whether Greeks want to stay in the euro - a majority clearly wants to . The real question is whether this latest turn in the drama will finally force Greek politicians to act in their country's long-term interest . Opinion polls suggest that Greek voters oscillate between anger and fear: anger about the enormous costs they have had to bear in the course of the adjustment programme; and fear of what would happen if Alexis Tsipras, head of the hard-left Syriza movement that still leads in the polls, tries to force through another cut in Greece's international debt . In the last debt restructuring in 2012, the creditors already promised to help Greece reduce its debt to more sustainable levels by 2020 - provided Athens continues to improve its budget . The Greeks have a democratic right to elect a leader who wants to tear up this agreement ; just as Germans, Dutch, Finns and others have a right to elect governments that insist on such deals being adhered to . Although Tsipras says he does not want to leave the euro , the resulting showdown could force Greece out of the single currency . Today, the spectre of "Grexit" is more threatening to the Greeks than to the rest of Europe . Reforms in Spain, Portugal and Ireland have made these countries more resilient . International rescue funds and the European Central Bank stand ready to help in case panic should nevertheless spread . Five out of Germany's eight leading economic research institutes think the eurozone could now cope with a Greek exit . This does not mean, however, that Germany or the other eurozone countries want Greece to leave . Even if contagion was limited, another worsening of the eurozone crisis would undermine confidence, stunt the region's fragile recovery and make Europe's leaders - many of whom have declared the crisis over- look inept . The political and economic consequences for other European countries would be severe . Therefore , even if the rest of Europe does not want to be blackmailed , it will likely be ready to talk . The new Greek government, whether it is led by the incumbent premier Antonis Samaras, Tsipras, or a new coalition, could reasonably demand a new grand bargain under which the ECB-IMF-EC troika of lenders agrees to revisit the debt issue while the Greek government promises to make the economy fit for the future . Economic reform, however, is hardly what Greek politicians are talking about in this election campaign . Greek voters face the unenviable choice between re- electing the mainstream politicians who landed Greece in its current mess in the first place, or voting for Tsipras or other populists who make unrealistic promises of higher wages and more security . The trouble is not that Tsipras is radical ; it is that he is not radical enough . By promising state handouts to voters and protection for vested interests, he is perpetuating the dysfunctional system that plunged Greece into crisis . Over the past few years, the ruling coalition between the two established parties has tried a tricky balancing act of preserving the system of bureaucratic cronyism that since the 1970s they have helped to build, and modernising Greece's state and economy , as promised to international lenders . The result was an often agonisingly slow process of to and fro, with troika officials regularly departing in frustration about Greek foot-dragging . It is not only the troika's emphasis on austerity that has caused the Greek people so much pain . As important was that huge adjustments were foisted upon an extraordinarily rigid economy . Despite much effort to open up mollycoddled sectors since 2010, Greece is still one of Europe's most overregulated economies . Sluggish bureaucracies and exaggerated form-filling are the main reason Greece's exports have not rebounded like those of Spain, Portugal and Ireland . The absence of a reliable land registry is holding back investment . An unreformed social security system still benefits better-off households more than the destitute . While the tax burden on ordinary people has risen , wealthy individuals and companies can still often evade their dues . And wages in the public sector have fallen - but nowhere near as fast as those in the private sector, despite starting from a much higher level . Greek politicians must get serious about removing the shackles from the economy . Economists think the benefits of structural reforms could materialise quickly in Greece's inefficient economy, and would be substantial . The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development estimates that Greek businesses could save hundreds of millions of euros a year if the government scrapped burdensome regulations . The Greek thinktank IOBE calculates that improvements to the business and investment environment could lift GDP by more than 2% in just two years , while steps to increase competition in industries and services would have an even bigger impact . Greece has started building a sounder economy on the wreckage of a public sector bubble and a strangulated private sector . The costs have been exorbitant . It would be a real Greek tragedy if the country's next government squandered the potential gains and reversed the process . [A]: Contrary to what many politicians and commentators would have you believe, this election is not about whether Greeks want to stay in the euro The real question is whether this latest turn in the drama will finally force Greek politicians to act in their country's long-term interest [Q]: The trap of insecurity: Extrajudicial killings in Kenya. Over the years, Kenyan police have acquired a dubious reputation of being a source of insecurity instead of one of security . In many instances, the police represent clear, palpable and imminent danger to the lives of Kenyan citizens . The transformation of the police from a security institution into a bastion of insecurity didn't occur overnight , nor did it come as a surprise ; it was the inevitable outcome of a number of factors . Some of these factors are beyond their control . For instance , policemen are underpaid and ill-equipped to do their job ; others seem to be an institutional choice, such as the endemic corruption within the police force . Under the previous constitution, the police were at the beck and call of the executive , which used it as a tool of coercion to further its political goals . As a result , when confronted by a new security situation, the executive's default response has been to set up a "special" police unit to address the situation . In most cases, t he unit would operate under minimum oversight and maximum impunity . More than any other institution in the country, the police has deep institutional problems , but one of the most detrimental ones is its involvement in extrajudicial killings. Remarkably, this is not only a new phenomenon , but it is deeply entrenched with a clear pattern . In the 1990s, crime was on the rise in Kenya . In order to stem the high rates of carjacking and violent robberies, in 1995 the government formed a new police unit called the Flying Squad. This special unit was given the express authority to shoot any suspect on sight without due process . As a result, the unit was implicated in multiple and egregious extrajudicial killings , which they claimed was their way of dealing with the new security reality . In some cases, the police officers were caught shooting suspects after they had surrendered or were lying face down . The unit executed several innocent people in cold blood . The police command instead of seeing the unit's trigger-happy attitude as dangerous, celebrated it as the only "medicine" with which to treat spiralling crime . The late 1980s and 1990s saw deep economic problems, shrinking political space for dissent and increasing insecurity . This was the time when criminal gangs emerged and flourished . These gangs e stablished their "spheres of influence" , mostly in slum areas, where the state's presence was negligible . To establish loyalty from the community and enhance their legitimacy, these groups provided security for a token fee . To exert their superiority, from time to time, these groups engaged each other over "territories" and business interests . Among these groups were the Mungiki, the Taliban, the Kosovo boys, the Baghdad boys, Chinkororo, and the Kalenjin Warriors . Mungiki is a Kikuyu word for multitude . The organisation had both a cultural and political element to it . In the beginning of the group's existence, the social aspect was more prominent and it involved traditional Kikuyu beliefs in the god named Ngai. But as the organisation expanded, it began taking an overtly political posture , which brought them into confrontation with the state . Mungiki operated primarily in the Nairobi slums, in the Central Province and parts of the Rift Valley . In these areas, the group started providing the poor in slum areas with protection and social services for a fee . Refusal to pay the protection " tax " almost always resulted in violence and killings . In 2002, the Kenyan government banned 18 of these criminal gangs . The spread of Mungiki's influence forced the government in 2007 to establish a special police unit called Kwekwe which was tasked primarily with hunting down members of Mungiki . But Kwekwe's operation against the criminal group went too far . According to a National Commission on Human Rights 2008 report:"Extrajudicial executions and other brutal acts of extreme cruelty have been perpetrated by the police against so-called Mungiki adherents and that these acts may have been committed pursuant to official policy sanctioned by the political leadership, the police commissioner and top police commander" . HRW observed in 2008 that,"The brutality of the police crackdown matched or even exceeded that of the Mungiki itself." Kenya has been in the crosshairs of the transnational jihadi movement . In the past, the fact that Kenya was seen as being firmly in the western sphere of influence made Kenya a target , with most of the incidents, including the 1998 US embassy attack, targeting western interests . However , after Kenya's intervention in Somalia in 2011, the country itself become a target . Terrorism activity in Kenya reached a peak with the attack on the Westgate shopping mall in September 2013 , when unidentified gunmen killed 67 people and injured almost 200 others . As a response to the growing terrorism threat, the Kenyan government created the Anti-Terrorism Police Unit (ATPU) in March 2003, following the 2002 attack on an Israeli-owned Mombasa hotel . This was also accompanied by the passage of Anti-Terrorism Act in 2012 . As part of the wider counterterrorism effort, the government also began a huge crackdo wn on the Somali and Muslim communities especially in Nairobi, parts of Northern Kenya and coastal Kenya . As the crackdown intensified, a number of extrajudicial killings of Muslim preachers took place, some in the coastal city of Mombasa . Most of the victims were suspected of having connections with Somalia's al-Shabab group . While in almost all the cases the police deny culpability , research by human rights organisations reveals the ATPU's involvement . In its August 2014 report,"Kenya: Killings, disappearance by anti-terror police," HRW points to" ...evidence of at least 10 cases of extrajudicial killings of terrorism suspects, some of whom were last seen in ATPU custody or had been threatened by the unit's officers after courts had released them" . The Kenyan government has accused some of the clerics who were killed of recruiting Muslim youth for terrorism activities through their mosques . However , despite initiating investigations against them, the government never followed through to prosecute the imams . After public outcry over the killing of Muslim cleric Ibrahim "Rogo" Omar, the government set up a task force to investigate his murder . The director of public prosecution promised in 2013 that he will institute an inquest, but has not done so yet . One of the commissions established following the 2007-2008 violence to look at the role of the police, was the Waki Commission . Established to look into the circumstances and facts surrounding the violence and provide recommendations, the Waki Commission found that of the 1,500 deaths, the police was responsible for more than 30 percent of them . As a result several reform measures were proposed including the establishment of a civilian oversight of the police, and many other reforms . However , due to lack of political will, the police reforms have stalled . The extrajudicial killings by the police in Kenya are anchored in a systemic lack of accountability and deeply entrenched culture of pervasive impunity . While the police undoubtedly face ever changing security challenges , its involvement in extrajudicial killings make matters worse . Effective security sector reform is the only way forward . [A]:	Over the years, Kenyan police have acquired a dubious reputation of being a source of insecurity instead of one of security	task522_news_editorial_summary	NIv2	fs_opt	5	test
Detailed Instructions: Your task is to extract the thesis of an opinionated news article by selecting some of its text segments. The thesis is a summarization of what the author wants to persuade the reader of. Your answer should consist of segments of the given text. Note that you are not allowed to combine different sentences. Problem:TV debates: why broadcasters should give Cameron the empty chair treatment. In a short time, television debates have become a vital part of our democracy . They were watched by tens of millions of people in the 2010 general election campaign , and the Scottish referendum campaign would have been poorer without the two showdowns between Alex Salmond and Alistair Darling live across all media platforms . Now is not the time to retreat from the kind of broadcasting that engages so many voters and illuminates the choices they face . Naturally, I hope all the major parties take part in the 2015 election debates . That will rightly remain the aim of the broadcasters . But I believe they should be resolute in the face of a refusal by one party to take part : the empty chair, or the deserted lectern, should be an option . The BBC guidelines do not specifically cover a national leaders' debate , but the principles they set out argue not just that they can wheel out the empty chair but that they should . On general output, BBC published editorial policy is that one reluctant participant cannot stop an item : "The refusal of an individual or an organisation to make a contribution should not be allowed to act as a veto on the appearance of other contributors." That is confirmed in the various election guidelines , where over the years the ability of one awkward candidate to stop a broadcast has been removed . And the BBC and other broadcasters do use the empty chair, albeit on less high-profile occasions : if a news maker is unwilling to face the cameras , best practice is to say so and to cover the topic anyway . As far back as 1987, when I was Today's political producer, we empty-chaired Labour in a campaign debate on defence - to the fury of their leadership . But they had been given every opportunity to take part and had chosen not to , so we went ahead with the other parties and told our listeners what had happened . There is in this current row a legitimate argument about fairness and about who takes part . The arid bureaucratic view would be that this should be based on the results of the 2010 general election and therefore be a three-way debate between David Cameron, Ed Miliband and Nick Clegg . The rise of Ukip and the surge in multi-party politics have muddied the waters , and the broadcasters are having to be more flexible , and I think the Greens should be somewhere in the mix . However , I believe we can trust the BBC, ITV and Sky to come up with the right format and a proposal that offers the appropriate levels of exposure to all the parties in the UK across the whole campaign . It is for them, with the appropriate regulators, to make that judgment and not for individual politicians to seek to exclude or include their opponents . It is, in any case, inevitable that some debates of some kind will happen . The Farage v Clegg encounter just ahead of the European election campaign was an example of the asymmetry that may now happen : it was not part of a formal coverage plan , but it was compelling viewing for anyone interested in politics and millions of people tuned in . The digital debate proposed by the Guardian, Telegraph and Google is one viable alternative ; and there is nothing to stop anyone hiring a hall in Manchester and getting Miliband and Clegg to debate there . I guarantee the broadcasters would turn up , and it is significant that the opposition parties are willing to take part in debates even without the prime minister . The broadcasters may, possibly, face a legal challenge about the allocation of national airtime , but in the court of public opinion it would be a brave act to try to close down a debate in which you have been invited to take part but have chosen not to . I'm pleased to say that I don't sense the broadcasters are wavering , and they are prepared to be tough . They are right - now is the time to hold firm . At a time of lack of faith in politicians, it would be the worst option to allow game-playing to block a format that the public find valuable . Electors have a right to see their potential prime ministers live and unfiltered and at length . Those who are willing to put themselves on the line should be allowed to do so . Those who don't can watch at home and see what an empty chair looks like over 90 minutes of primetime television . Solution:	In a short time, television debates have become a vital part of our democracy	task522_news_editorial_summary	NIv2	zs_opt	8	validation
A text is given in Tamil. Translate it from the Tamil language to the Urdu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. Example Input: کابینہ نے بھارت اور سنگا پور کے مابین جامع اقتصادی تعاون معاہدے (سی ای سی اے) میں ترمیم سے متعلق دوسرے پروٹوکول کو منظوری دی Example Output: வணிகம் மற்றும் தொழில்துறை அமைச்சகம் இந்தியா மற்றும் சிங்கப்பூர் இடையே விரிவான பொருளாதார ஒத்துழைப்பு ஒப்பந்தத்தை திருத்தம் செய்யும் இரண்டாவது நெறிமுறைக்கு மத்திய அமைச்சரவை ஒப்புதல் Example Input: دوسری بات یہ ہے کہ یہ ایک ایسا موقع ہے جو پہلے سے یوگا سے متعارف ہیں، وہ بھی اپنے آپ کو اس کام میں ازسرنو مشغول کررہے ہیں۔ Example Output: இரண்டாவதாக, அது யோகாவுக்கு ஏற்கெனவே அறிமுகமானவர்கள் தம்மை அதில் மீண்டும் மறுஅர்ப்பணிப்பு செய்துகொள்வதற்கான நிகழ்வாகும் . Example Input: نئے بھارت کے اس راستے میں تمام نظام شفاف ہوں گے اور ایماندار برادران وطن کی عزت نفس میں مزید اضافہ ہوگا۔ Example Output:	புதிய இந்தியாவில் அனைத்து நடைமுறைகளும், வெளிப்படையானதாக அமைவதோடு, நேர்மையான குடிமகன்களின் கவுரவம் மேலும் உயரும்.	task1036_pib_translation_urdu_tamil	NIv2	fs_opt	3	train
Detailed Instructions: A text is given in Tamil. Translate it from the Tamil language to the Urdu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. Problem:کابینہ نے بھارت کے، بعد کی ادائیگی کے بینک قائم کرنے کیلئے لاگت کےنظرثانی شدہ تخمینے کو منظوری دی Solution:	இந்திய அஞ்சல் பணப்பட்டுவாடா வங்கி அமைப்பதற்கான திட்ட மதிப்பீட்டை ரூ.	task1036_pib_translation_urdu_tamil	NIv2	zs_opt	8	train
Detailed Instructions: A text is given in Tamil. Translate it from the Tamil language to the Urdu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. Problem:حکومت نے مشکل علاقوں سے گیس نکالنے کیلئے پرائسنگ ، فریڈم سمیت مارکیٹنگ کی منظوری دی۔ Solution:	பல்வேறு பகுதிகளில் உற்பத்தி செய்யப்படும் வாயுக்கள் தொடர்பாக சந்தை மற்றும் விலை நிர்ணயத்தில் அரசு அனுமதி வழங்குதல்.	task1036_pib_translation_urdu_tamil	NIv2	zs_opt	8	train
A text is given in Tamil. Translate it from the Tamil language to the Urdu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. Q: ہندوستان نے اپنی سب سے تیز رفتار ٹرین بنائی ہے۔ ہندوستان نے بغیر چوکیدار والے تمام ریلوے کراسنگ کو ختم کردیا ہے۔ A: அதிவேக ரயிலை தயாரித்த வேளையிலேயே, நாட்டிலிருந்த அனைத்து ஆள் இல்லாத ரயில்வே கிராசிங்குகளும் அகற்றப்பட்டுள்ளன. ** Q: 2022تک سبھی دیہی علاقوں میں تقریبا1. A: 2022-ஆம் ஆண்டுக்குள் 1. 5 லட்சம் சுகாதாரம் மற்றும் நலவாழ்வு மையங்கள் அனைத்துக் கிராமப்பகுதிகளிலும் அமைக்கப்பட உள்ளது. ** Q: ہندوستانی فضائیہ کے ایئرمینوں کے لئے پہلا آن لائن انتخاب A:	முப்படைகளின் கீழ் நியமிக்கப்படும் பணியாளர்களுக்கான இத்தேர்வு முதல் முறையாக விமானப் படைக்கு நடத்தப்படுவது குறிப்பிடத் தக்கது. ****	task1036_pib_translation_urdu_tamil	NIv2	fs_opt	4	train
A text is given in Tamil. Translate it from the Tamil language to the Urdu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. One example: واضح ہوکہ انڈونیشیا کے شہر جکارتہ اور پیلم بینگ میں ہونے والے اٹھارہویں ایشیائی کھیلوں میں ہندوستانی کھلاڑیوں اور ااااتھلیٹس نے اب تک کے سب سے زیادہ 69 میڈل حاصل کئے ہیں۔جبکہ 2010 میں گوانگزو میں ہونےوالے ایشیائی کھیلوں میں ہندوستانی کھلاڑیوں اور اتھلیٹس نے سب سے زیادہ 65 میڈل جیتے تھے۔ Solution is here: இந்தோனேஷியா, இந்தோனேசியாவில் உள்ள ஜகார்த்தா மற்றும் பாலிம் பேங் ஆகியவற்றில் உள்ள இந்திய வீரர்கள் மற்றும் Aithletes இப்போது இந்தோனேஷியாவில் உள்ள 69 பதக்கங்களைப் பெற்றுள்ளனர். 2010 ஆம் ஆண்டில் குவாங்ஜோவில் ஆசிய விளையாட்டுகளில் உள்ள தனிநபர்கள் மற்றும் விளையாட்டு வீரர்கள் மிக அதிகமானவர்கள் 65 பதக்கங்களை வென்றனர். Explanation: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'It is clear that Indian players and Aiathletes have now earned the highest 69 medals in Jakarta and Palim Bang in Indonesia, Indonesia. Individuals and Athletes in Asian Games in Guangzhou in 2010 are the highestWon 65 medals.' which is the same as the output sentence. Now, solve this: نئی دہلی۔22مارچ؛ صدر جمہوریہ ہند جناب رام ناتھ کووند نے پنجاب کے ہلواڑہ علاقے میں آج 22 مارچ 2018 کو بھارتی فضائیہ کے 230 سگنل یونٹ کو 51 اسکواڈرن اینڈ کلرس پیش کئے۔ Solution:	இந்திய விமானப் படையின் 230 சிக்னல் பிரிவுக்கு நிறங்கள் மற்றும் 51 ஸ்குவாட்ரான்களுக்கு தரத்தையும் குடியரசுத் தலைவர் திரு. ராம் நாத் கோவிந்த் பஞ்சாப் மாநிலம் ஹல்வாராவில் இன்று (மார்ச் 22, 2018) அளித்தார்.	task1036_pib_translation_urdu_tamil	NIv2	fs_opt	6	train
A text is given in Tamil. Translate it from the Tamil language to the Urdu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. One example is below. Q: واضح ہوکہ انڈونیشیا کے شہر جکارتہ اور پیلم بینگ میں ہونے والے اٹھارہویں ایشیائی کھیلوں میں ہندوستانی کھلاڑیوں اور ااااتھلیٹس نے اب تک کے سب سے زیادہ 69 میڈل حاصل کئے ہیں۔جبکہ 2010 میں گوانگزو میں ہونےوالے ایشیائی کھیلوں میں ہندوستانی کھلاڑیوں اور اتھلیٹس نے سب سے زیادہ 65 میڈل جیتے تھے۔ A: இந்தோனேஷியா, இந்தோனேசியாவில் உள்ள ஜகார்த்தா மற்றும் பாலிம் பேங் ஆகியவற்றில் உள்ள இந்திய வீரர்கள் மற்றும் Aithletes இப்போது இந்தோனேஷியாவில் உள்ள 69 பதக்கங்களைப் பெற்றுள்ளனர். 2010 ஆம் ஆண்டில் குவாங்ஜோவில் ஆசிய விளையாட்டுகளில் உள்ள தனிநபர்கள் மற்றும் விளையாட்டு வீரர்கள் மிக அதிகமானவர்கள் 65 பதக்கங்களை வென்றனர். Rationale: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'It is clear that Indian players and Aiathletes have now earned the highest 69 medals in Jakarta and Palim Bang in Indonesia, Indonesia. Individuals and Athletes in Asian Games in Guangzhou in 2010 are the highestWon 65 medals.' which is the same as the output sentence. Q: جنگ بندی پر عمل در آمد کے لئے ڈی جی ایم او سطح پر ہاٹ لائن گفت و شنید A:	தற்போது நடைமுறையில் உள்ள ஹாட்லைன் முறைப்படி, பாகிஸ்தான் ராணுவத்தின் செயல்பாடுகளுக்கான தலைமை இயக்குனர் மாலை ஆறு மணியளவில் பேச்சுவார்த்தை மேற்கொண்டார்.	task1036_pib_translation_urdu_tamil	NIv2	fs_opt	9	train
A text is given in Tamil. Translate it from the Tamil language to the Urdu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. One example is below. Q: واضح ہوکہ انڈونیشیا کے شہر جکارتہ اور پیلم بینگ میں ہونے والے اٹھارہویں ایشیائی کھیلوں میں ہندوستانی کھلاڑیوں اور ااااتھلیٹس نے اب تک کے سب سے زیادہ 69 میڈل حاصل کئے ہیں۔جبکہ 2010 میں گوانگزو میں ہونےوالے ایشیائی کھیلوں میں ہندوستانی کھلاڑیوں اور اتھلیٹس نے سب سے زیادہ 65 میڈل جیتے تھے۔ A: இந்தோனேஷியா, இந்தோனேசியாவில் உள்ள ஜகார்த்தா மற்றும் பாலிம் பேங் ஆகியவற்றில் உள்ள இந்திய வீரர்கள் மற்றும் Aithletes இப்போது இந்தோனேஷியாவில் உள்ள 69 பதக்கங்களைப் பெற்றுள்ளனர். 2010 ஆம் ஆண்டில் குவாங்ஜோவில் ஆசிய விளையாட்டுகளில் உள்ள தனிநபர்கள் மற்றும் விளையாட்டு வீரர்கள் மிக அதிகமானவர்கள் 65 பதக்கங்களை வென்றனர். Rationale: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'It is clear that Indian players and Aiathletes have now earned the highest 69 medals in Jakarta and Palim Bang in Indonesia, Indonesia. Individuals and Athletes in Asian Games in Guangzhou in 2010 are the highestWon 65 medals.' which is the same as the output sentence. Q: 5 کروڑ مکانات کی تعمیر میں حکومت کے رسائی کے بارے میں اظہار خیال کیا۔ وزیر اعظم نے کہا کہ انھوں نے ایک جامع طریقہ کار اپنایا ہے۔ زیادہ سہولیات فراہم کی ہیں۔ زیادہ سے زیادہ اقدار پیش کئے ہیں اور کم وقت میں زیادہ کارکردگی کی ہے۔ زیادہ قیمت پر سہولتیں فراہم نہیں کی ہیں۔ انھوں نے مزید کہا کہ عوام کی ضرورتوں کو سنا گیا ہے۔ مقامی دست کاروں کو شامل کیا گیا ہے اور ٹیکنالوجی کو اس عمل کا اہم جزو بنایا گیا ہے۔ A:	மேலும் அதிகமான வசதிகளை செய்து தருவது, மேலும் அதிக மதிப்பைத் தருவது, குறைந்த நேரத்திற்குள் கூடுதல் செலவில்லாமல் பொருட்களை வழங்குவது ஆகியவற்றை உள்ளடக்கிய முழுமையானதொரு அணுகுமுறையை தாங்கள் பின்பற்றி வருவதாகவும் பிரதமர் குறிப்பிட்டார்.	task1036_pib_translation_urdu_tamil	NIv2	fs_opt	9	train
A text is given in Tamil. Translate it from the Tamil language to the Urdu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. Let me give you an example: واضح ہوکہ انڈونیشیا کے شہر جکارتہ اور پیلم بینگ میں ہونے والے اٹھارہویں ایشیائی کھیلوں میں ہندوستانی کھلاڑیوں اور ااااتھلیٹس نے اب تک کے سب سے زیادہ 69 میڈل حاصل کئے ہیں۔جبکہ 2010 میں گوانگزو میں ہونےوالے ایشیائی کھیلوں میں ہندوستانی کھلاڑیوں اور اتھلیٹس نے سب سے زیادہ 65 میڈل جیتے تھے۔ The answer to this example can be: இந்தோனேஷியா, இந்தோனேசியாவில் உள்ள ஜகார்த்தா மற்றும் பாலிம் பேங் ஆகியவற்றில் உள்ள இந்திய வீரர்கள் மற்றும் Aithletes இப்போது இந்தோனேஷியாவில் உள்ள 69 பதக்கங்களைப் பெற்றுள்ளனர். 2010 ஆம் ஆண்டில் குவாங்ஜோவில் ஆசிய விளையாட்டுகளில் உள்ள தனிநபர்கள் மற்றும் விளையாட்டு வீரர்கள் மிக அதிகமானவர்கள் 65 பதக்கங்களை வென்றனர். Here is why: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'It is clear that Indian players and Aiathletes have now earned the highest 69 medals in Jakarta and Palim Bang in Indonesia, Indonesia. Individuals and Athletes in Asian Games in Guangzhou in 2010 are the highestWon 65 medals.' which is the same as the output sentence. OK. solve this: 6 لاکھ ہاؤس ہولڈ سائز بایو گیس پلانٹ نصب کئے جا چکے ہیں ۔ ہیڈ ’’بایو گیس پروگرام‘‘ کے تحت سال 18-2017 کے بجٹ تخمینے (بی ای ) میں 134 کروڑ ورپے کی تجویز پیش کی گئی ہے۔ Answer:	6 லட்சம் வீட்டு அளவுக்கான உயிரி எரிவாயு நிலையங்கள் நிறுவப்படுள்ளதாக திரு சிங் தெரிவித்தார். உயிரி எரிவாயு திட்டத்திற்காக ரூ.	task1036_pib_translation_urdu_tamil	NIv2	fs_opt	8	train
Teacher:A text is given in Tamil. Translate it from the Tamil language to the Urdu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: سنت رامانجاچاريہ کے وچنوں سے ہی متاثر ہو کر گجراتی شاعر اور سنت نرسی مہتا نے کہا تھا ویشنو جن تو تینے کہیے، جے پیر پرائی جانے رے ! Student:	குஜராத்தின் முன்னோடிக் கவிஞரான நார்சி மேத்தா ஸ்ரீ ராமானுஜரால் கவரப்பட்டு, “ வைஷ்ணவ ஜன தோம் தேனே கஹியே, ஜே பிர் பராயி ஜானே ரே “ என்று கூறி அதனால் ஏழைகளின் வேதனையை ஸ்ரீ ராமானுஜரால் தான் தன்னால் உணர முடிந்தது என்றார்.	task1036_pib_translation_urdu_tamil	NIv2	zs_opt	6	test
Teacher: A text is given in Tamil. Translate it from the Tamil language to the Urdu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example: واضح ہوکہ انڈونیشیا کے شہر جکارتہ اور پیلم بینگ میں ہونے والے اٹھارہویں ایشیائی کھیلوں میں ہندوستانی کھلاڑیوں اور ااااتھلیٹس نے اب تک کے سب سے زیادہ 69 میڈل حاصل کئے ہیں۔جبکہ 2010 میں گوانگزو میں ہونےوالے ایشیائی کھیلوں میں ہندوستانی کھلاڑیوں اور اتھلیٹس نے سب سے زیادہ 65 میڈل جیتے تھے۔ Solution: இந்தோனேஷியா, இந்தோனேசியாவில் உள்ள ஜகார்த்தா மற்றும் பாலிம் பேங் ஆகியவற்றில் உள்ள இந்திய வீரர்கள் மற்றும் Aithletes இப்போது இந்தோனேஷியாவில் உள்ள 69 பதக்கங்களைப் பெற்றுள்ளனர். 2010 ஆம் ஆண்டில் குவாங்ஜோவில் ஆசிய விளையாட்டுகளில் உள்ள தனிநபர்கள் மற்றும் விளையாட்டு வீரர்கள் மிக அதிகமானவர்கள் 65 பதக்கங்களை வென்றனர். Reason: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'It is clear that Indian players and Aiathletes have now earned the highest 69 medals in Jakarta and Palim Bang in Indonesia, Indonesia. Individuals and Athletes in Asian Games in Guangzhou in 2010 are the highestWon 65 medals.' which is the same as the output sentence. Now, solve this instance: انھوں نے کہاکہ یہ مبنی برشرارت اور بغض وعناد سے بھرپوررپورٹیں کلی طورپر بے بنیاد اور جعلی ہیں اور ایسا لگتاہے کہ ان کے ذریعہ دونوں رہنماوں کے مابین غلط فہمیاں پیداکرنے کی کوشش کی جارہی ہے اور دو دوست ہمسایہ ممالک کے مابین استوار دوستانہ تعلقات کو تباہ کرنے کی سعی کی جارہی ہے ۔ Student:	உள்நோக்கங்கம் கொண்ட இதுபோன்ற செய்திகள் முற்றிலும் ஆதாரமற்றவை என்பதோடு பொய்யானவை என்றும், இந்த இரண்டு அண்டை நாடுகளுக்கிடையே நிலவி வரும் சுமுகமான உறவுகளுக்கு சேதம் ஏற்படுத்தி, இரு நாடுகளின் தலைவர்களுக்கிடையே தவறான புரிதலை உருவாக்கும் நோக்கம் கொண்டதாகத் தோன்றுகிறது என்றும் அவர் குறிப்பிட்டார்.	task1036_pib_translation_urdu_tamil	NIv2	fs_opt	2	validation
A text is given in Bengali. Translate it from the Bengali language to the Hindi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. Q: রাজ্য সরকারের উদ্যোগে মহিলাদের ক্ষমতায়নের জন্য অন্যান্য যে সব পদক্ষেপ রাজ্য সরকার নিয়েছে তিনি তারও প্রশংসা করেন। A:	उन्होंने राज्य सरकार द्वारा महिला सशक्तिकरण के लिए शुरू की गई पहलों की भी सराहना की।	task1009_pib_translation_bengali_hindi	NIv2	zs_opt	4	train
Detailed Instructions: A text is given in Bengali. Translate it from the Bengali language to the Hindi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. Problem:দেশের ইতিহাসের প্রতিটি গৌরবময় অধ্যায় জনসমক্ষে তুলে ধরতে সরকারের সর্বাত্মক প্রয়াসের কথা উল্লেখ করে প্রধানমন্ত্রী বাবাসাহেব আম্বেদকরের স্মৃতি-বিজড়িত পঞ্চতীর্থ, জাতীয় পুলিশ সৌধ এবং ‘একতার মূর্তি’র কথা উল্লেখ করেন। Solution:	इस संदर्भ में उन्होंने बाबा साहेब अम्बेडकर, राष्ट्रीय पुलिस मेमोरियल एवं स्टेच्यू ऑफ यूनिटी से संबंधित पंच तीर्थ का जिक्र किया।	task1009_pib_translation_bengali_hindi	NIv2	zs_opt	8	train
Detailed Instructions: A text is given in Bengali. Translate it from the Bengali language to the Hindi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. Q: আমি আপনাদের সকলকে অভিনন্দন আর আপনাদের উদ্যোগকে শুভকামনা জানাচ্ছি। A:	आपके सपने मेरे सपनों से अधिक ऊंचे हैं।	task1009_pib_translation_bengali_hindi	NIv2	zs_opt	9	train
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. A text is given in Bengali. Translate it from the Bengali language to the Hindi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. সীমান্ত পারের সন্ত্রাস প্রতিরোধে সরকারের পক্ষ থেকে যে সার্জিক্যাল স্ট্রাইক চালানো হয় তার মধ্যে ভারতের নতুন নীতি ও কৌশলের প্রতিফলন ঘটেছে।	भारत ने सीमा पार आतंकियों के ठिकानों पर सर्जिकल स्ट्राइक करके अपनी नई नीति और नई रीति का परिचय दिया है।	task1009_pib_translation_bengali_hindi	NIv2	zs_opt	5	train
A text is given in Bengali. Translate it from the Bengali language to the Hindi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. One example: ইংরেজিতেও সবাই বলেন – পেসিমিজ্‌ম লীড্‌স টু উইক্‌নেস্‌, অপ্‌টিমিজ্‌ম টু পাওয়ার। Solution is here: हर किसी ने अंग्रेजी में भी कहा - पेस्मिज्म लीड्स को विक्नन्स, ऑप्टिमिज्म टू पावर Explanation: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'Everyone also said in English - Pesemism Leeds to Wicknnes, Optimism to Power' which is the same as the output sentence. Now, solve this: ” বাপু’জির নাম নিয়ে যাঁরা রাজনীতি করেন, তাঁরা যদি বাপু’র এই ছোট্ট স্বপ্নটি বাস্তবায়িত করতেন, দেশকে পরিচ্ছন্ন করে তুলতেন, তাহলেই তাঁদের বাপু’কে সত্যিকারের শ্রদ্ধাঞ্জলি দেওয়া হত। Solution:	आए दिन बापू का नाम ले करके राजनीति करने वाले लोगों ने बापू का ये छोटा सा सपना पूरा किया होता, स्वच्छता का काम किया होता, तो भी बापू को सच्ची श्रद्धांजलि होती।	task1009_pib_translation_bengali_hindi	NIv2	fs_opt	6	train
Part 1. Definition A text is given in Bengali. Translate it from the Bengali language to the Hindi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. Part 2. Example ইংরেজিতেও সবাই বলেন – পেসিমিজ্‌ম লীড্‌স টু উইক্‌নেস্‌, অপ্‌টিমিজ্‌ম টু পাওয়ার। Answer: हर किसी ने अंग्रेजी में भी कहा - पेस्मिज्म लीड्स को विक्नन्स, ऑप्टिमिज्म टू पावर Explanation: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'Everyone also said in English - Pesemism Leeds to Wicknnes, Optimism to Power' which is the same as the output sentence. Part 3. Exercise গুরু রবিদাসজির একটি ব্রোঞ্জের মূর্তি নির্মিত হবে। Answer:	गुरू रविदास जी की कांस्य की प्रतिमा बनेगी। एक मार्ग का निर्माण होगा।	task1009_pib_translation_bengali_hindi	NIv2	fs_opt	7	train
A text is given in Bengali. Translate it from the Bengali language to the Hindi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. Q: সুবিধাপ্রাপকদের আধার কার্ড আছে, ২০১৫-র আর্থ-সামাজিক সমীক্ষার ভিত্তিতে তাঁদের নির্বাচিত করা হয়েছে। A:	लाभार्थियों के पास आधार कार्ड है और उनका चयन वर्ष 2015 में किए गए सामाजिक आर्थिक सर्वेक्षण पर आधारित है।	task1009_pib_translation_bengali_hindi	NIv2	zs_opt	4	train
A text is given in Bengali. Translate it from the Bengali language to the Hindi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. তাঁর জীবনের ব্রত ও সঙ্কল্প আফ্রিকাকে স্বাধীনতা ও ন্যায় প্রতিষ্ঠার কাজে অনুপ্রাণিত করেছিল।	आपने अपने देश और इस क्षेत्र में शांति और स्थिरता स्थापित की है।	task1009_pib_translation_bengali_hindi	NIv2	zs_opt	0	train
Detailed Instructions: A text is given in Bengali. Translate it from the Bengali language to the Hindi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. Problem:দেশে সড়ক নির্মান, রেললাইন সম্প্রসারণ, রেললাইন বৈদ্যুতিকিকরণ, নতুন নতুন বিমানবন্দর গড়ে তোলা, দরিদ্র গৃহহীনদের জন্য সরকার দ্বারা ঘর বানিয়ে দেওয়ার গতি, ব্যাঙ্কে অ্যাকাউন্ট খোলা কিম্বা বাড়ি বাড়ি গিয়ে গ্যাস সংযোগ প্রদানের গতি কোথাও দ্বিগুণ, কোথাও তিনগুণ বৃদ্ধি পেয়েছে। Solution:	आज देश में सड़क बनने की रफ्तार, रेल की पटरियां बिछाने की रफ्तार, रेल लाइन के बिजलीकरण की रफ्तार, नए एयर-पोर्ट बनाने की रफ्तार, सरकार द्वारा गरीबों के लिए घर बनाए जाने की रफ्तार, बैंक खाते खोलने की रफ्तार, गैस कनेक्शन देने की रफ्तार सभी कुछ पहले के मुकाबले कोई काम दो गुना ज्यादा, तीन गुना ज्यादा की रफ्तार से आगे बढ़ रहा है।	task1009_pib_translation_bengali_hindi	NIv2	zs_opt	8	test
A text is given in Bengali. Translate it from the Bengali language to the Hindi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence. One example: ইংরেজিতেও সবাই বলেন – পেসিমিজ্‌ম লীড্‌স টু উইক্‌নেস্‌, অপ্‌টিমিজ্‌ম টু পাওয়ার। Solution is here: हर किसी ने अंग्रेजी में भी कहा - पेस्मिज्म लीड्स को विक्नन्स, ऑप्टिमिज्म टू पावर Explanation: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'Everyone also said in English - Pesemism Leeds to Wicknnes, Optimism to Power' which is the same as the output sentence. Now, solve this: আপনি কল্পনা করতে পারেন যে আমি কতটা আনন্দিত হই এটা জেনে যে দেশের লোকজনেরা এত ঔৎসুক্যের সঙ্গে এসব লক্ষ করছেন। Solution:	आप कल्पना कर सकते हैं मुझे कितना आनंद होता है इस बात को जानकर के और देश भी इन चीज़ों को कैसे बढ़िया ढंग से notice कर रहा है।	task1009_pib_translation_bengali_hindi	NIv2	fs_opt	6	validation
Q: In this task, you are given a sentence in Persian, and your task is to translate it into English. این منازعه با یک آتش بس در فوریه ۲۰۱۵ به آخر رسید، اما چندین اختلاف محلی باقی‌ ماند. A:	The conflict came to an end with a ceasefire agreement in February 2015, but a few localized conflicts remain.	task662_global_voices_fa_en_translation	NIv2	zs_opt	7	train
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case. In this task, you are given a sentence in Persian, and your task is to translate it into English. Example: ۵۲٪ از کاربران رایانه دارای دانش رایانه‌ای هستند. Output: 52% of computer users are Internet literate. This is a good example. The above sentence is correctly translated from Persian to English. New input case for you: جامعه مناظره از جوانان جناح راستی‌ دعوت به شرکت در یک مباحثه در مورد تغییر قانون اساسی‌ روسیه برای دوباره به اجرا گذاشتن یک ایدئولوژی رسمی‌ ملی‌ کرده است. Output:	The debate community has also welcomed members of the right-wing LDPR youth wing to an event to discuss amending the Russian Constitution and re-implementing an official state ideology.	task662_global_voices_fa_en_translation	NIv2	fs_opt	1	train
In this task, you are given a sentence in Persian, and your task is to translate it into English. قزاقستان: حضور بانک‌های خارجی	Kazakhstan: South Korean Kookmin Buys Kazakh Bank · Global Voices	task662_global_voices_fa_en_translation	NIv2	zs_opt	0	train
In this task, you are given a sentence in Persian, and your task is to translate it into English. Q: این همانند آن است که شخصی‌ که مورد ضرب و شتم گروهی قرار گرفته از پلیس درخواست کمک کند و پلیس هیچ کاری نکندا فقط به تماشا بپردازد و «وظیفیه مثبت» خود را انجام ندهد. A:	This is equal to the scenario of someone being beaten by others, and he or she calls the police for help.	task662_global_voices_fa_en_translation	NIv2	zs_opt	4	train
In this task, you are given a sentence in Persian, and your task is to translate it into English. Ex Input: این هم یک رکورد است. Ex Output: This is also a record. Ex Input: اورا نتیجه گیری می‌کند، که تاجیکستان یک کشور سکولار است، و هر انسانی‌ حق انتخاب برای جشن گرفتن یا نگرفتن هر عیدی را دارد. Ex Output: People do not get closer to Allah because they do or do not celebrate Halloween. N.B. Farrukh Umari provided translations from Tajik. Ex Input: شادی در تهران Ex Output:	Joy in Tehran	task662_global_voices_fa_en_translation	NIv2	fs_opt	1	train
In this task, you are given a sentence in Persian, and your task is to translate it into English. Ex Input: ما در مورد اچ سون ان ناین بسیار نگران هستیم زیرا ده سال پیش سارس را تجربه نمودیم. Ex Output: To be frank, information transparency has surpassed that of ten years ago, but it is still not enough, in the face of a major epidemic, you need to calm a jittery public apart from solving the epidemic itself. This is what a country needs to do. Ex Input: #آمریکا، سرت به کار خودت باشد. Ex Output: You are deliberately twisting facts. Ex Input: شب گذشته (۶ ژوئن، ۲۰۱۲) خانواده‌های بازداشت شدگان سیاسی در عربستان سعودی تظاهراتی در داخل دو مرکز خرید در ریاض، پایتخت، برگزار کردند، و خواستار آزادی بستگان خود از دولت و یا قرار دادن آنها را در محاکمه شدند. Ex Output:	The families of Saudi political detainees held a protest inside two shopping centres in the capital Riyadh, calling upon the government to release their relatives or put them on trial last night (June 6, 2012).	task662_global_voices_fa_en_translation	NIv2	fs_opt	1	train
Instructions: In this task, you are given a sentence in Persian, and your task is to translate it into English. Input: در روز پنجشنبه دادگاه تجدید نظر افغانستان حکم اعدام دانشجوی روزنامه‌نگاری را که با طرح سوالی در مورد حقوق زنان در کلاس درس به کفرگویی متهم شده بود را به ۲۰ سال زندان کاهش داد. Output:	An Afghan appeals court overturned a death sentence Tuesday for a journalism student accused of blasphemy for asking questions in class about women's rights under Islam. But the judges still sentenced him to 20 years in prison.	task662_global_voices_fa_en_translation	NIv2	zs_opt	3	train
In this task, you are given a sentence in Persian, and your task is to translate it into English. One example is below. Q: ۵۲٪ از کاربران رایانه دارای دانش رایانه‌ای هستند. A: 52% of computer users are Internet literate. Rationale: This is a good example. The above sentence is correctly translated from Persian to English. Q: بحث در مورد شخصی شدن بیش از اندازه «جریان تغییر» است. A:	However, the excessive personalization of ‘the process of change’ is concerning.	task662_global_voices_fa_en_translation	NIv2	fs_opt	9	train
instruction: In this task, you are given a sentence in Persian, and your task is to translate it into English. question: او توضیح می‌دهد: "به خاطر شغلم از طرح‌های محبوب در دنیا مطلعم. answer: “Due to my job I am aware of fashion trends in the world,” she explained. question: کو می‌گوید (انگلیسی) طالبانی شدن پاکستان امری ناگهانی نیست و مدتها است که جامعه به سوی طالبانی شدن پیش می‌رود. answer: KO presents a timeline of Talibanization of Pakistan. question: وی می‌گوید این عراقی‌ها بودند که در زمان حمله بریتانیا به عراق به این کشور اعتماد کردند answer:	I shake my head with disgust," writes Neurotic Iraqi Wife in this post.	task662_global_voices_fa_en_translation	NIv2	fs_opt	9	test
Teacher:In this task, you are given a sentence in Persian, and your task is to translate it into English. Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: چهارم ژوئن ۴۰ نهنگ/دلفین به گل نشسته یافته شدند و من فردای ان روز شخصا نمونه‌های بیشتری را دیدم. Student:	On June 4th, 40 whales were seen stranded and I saw many more the day after.	task662_global_voices_fa_en_translation	NIv2	zs_opt	6	validation
Detailed Instructions: This task is about identifying the subject of a given sentence. The subject of a sentence is the person, place, or thing that is performing the action of the sentence. The subject represents what or whom the sentence is about. Each sentence in this task is guaranteed to contain a single subject. The input is a sentence and the output is the identified subject of that sentence. Q: John Francis Mercer is a part of the Anti-Administration party. A:	John Francis Mercer	task1411_dart_subject_identification	NIv2	zs_opt	9	train
This task is about identifying the subject of a given sentence. The subject of a sentence is the person, place, or thing that is performing the action of the sentence. The subject represents what or whom the sentence is about. Each sentence in this task is guaranteed to contain a single subject. The input is a sentence and the output is the identified subject of that sentence. [Q]: Beef kway teow comes from the Singapore region. [A]: Beef kway teow [Q]: Beef is an ingredient of Bakso. [A]: Bakso [Q]: Round 1 is in hockenheimring. [A]:	1	task1411_dart_subject_identification	NIv2	fs_opt	5	train
Definition: This task is about identifying the subject of a given sentence. The subject of a sentence is the person, place, or thing that is performing the action of the sentence. The subject represents what or whom the sentence is about. Each sentence in this task is guaranteed to contain a single subject. The input is a sentence and the output is the identified subject of that sentence. Input: For couple Todd and Susie, the vote percentage was 33.962%. Output:	Todd and Susie	task1411_dart_subject_identification	NIv2	zs_opt	2	train
Teacher:This task is about identifying the subject of a given sentence. The subject of a sentence is the person, place, or thing that is performing the action of the sentence. The subject represents what or whom the sentence is about. Each sentence in this task is guaranteed to contain a single subject. The input is a sentence and the output is the identified subject of that sentence. Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Administrative Science Quarterly is published by SAGE Publications for the Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management, Cornell University. Student:	Administrative Science Quarterly	task1411_dart_subject_identification	NIv2	zs_opt	6	train
Definition: This task is about identifying the subject of a given sentence. The subject of a sentence is the person, place, or thing that is performing the action of the sentence. The subject represents what or whom the sentence is about. Each sentence in this task is guaranteed to contain a single subject. The input is a sentence and the output is the identified subject of that sentence. Input: One of the ethnic groups in Romania are the Germans of Romania. Output:	Romania	task1411_dart_subject_identification	NIv2	zs_opt	2	train
This task is about identifying the subject of a given sentence. The subject of a sentence is the person, place, or thing that is performing the action of the sentence. The subject represents what or whom the sentence is about. Each sentence in this task is guaranteed to contain a single subject. The input is a sentence and the output is the identified subject of that sentence. Example Input: Kawakaze got completed by 30 April 1937. Example Output: Kawakaze Example Input: The Euoniticellus africanus Harold was first released October 1971. Example Output: Euoniticellus africanus Harold Example Input: The leader of Blackpool is the Conservative Party (UK). Example Output:	Blackpool	task1411_dart_subject_identification	NIv2	fs_opt	3	train
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. This task is about identifying the subject of a given sentence. The subject of a sentence is the person, place, or thing that is performing the action of the sentence. The subject represents what or whom the sentence is about. Each sentence in this task is guaranteed to contain a single subject. The input is a sentence and the output is the identified subject of that sentence. Jim Johnston plays centre.	Jim Johnston	task1411_dart_subject_identification	NIv2	zs_opt	5	train
Detailed Instructions: This task is about identifying the subject of a given sentence. The subject of a sentence is the person, place, or thing that is performing the action of the sentence. The subject represents what or whom the sentence is about. Each sentence in this task is guaranteed to contain a single subject. The input is a sentence and the output is the identified subject of that sentence. Q: Browns Cambridge is not too expensive and has some of the best food in the area A:	Browns Cambridge	task1411_dart_subject_identification	NIv2	zs_opt	9	train
This task is about identifying the subject of a given sentence. The subject of a sentence is the person, place, or thing that is performing the action of the sentence. The subject represents what or whom the sentence is about. Each sentence in this task is guaranteed to contain a single subject. The input is a sentence and the output is the identified subject of that sentence. Q: Batak is the ethnic group in Sumatra. A:	Sumatra	task1411_dart_subject_identification	NIv2	zs_opt	4	test
This task is about identifying the subject of a given sentence. The subject of a sentence is the person, place, or thing that is performing the action of the sentence. The subject represents what or whom the sentence is about. Each sentence in this task is guaranteed to contain a single subject. The input is a sentence and the output is the identified subject of that sentence. [Q]: Andy Bean, Mike Reid, and Curtis Strange tied for second place at the PGA Championship. [A]: PGA Championship [Q]: Bandeja paisa is found in the Antioquia Department. [A]: Bandeja paisa [Q]: Spanish is a language spoken in Texas. [A]:	Texas	task1411_dart_subject_identification	NIv2	fs_opt	5	validation
Q: In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words. Even today part of Romneys fortune is invested in China. A:	china	task613_politifact_text_generation	NIv2	zs_opt	7	train
Definition: In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words. Input: In the 1950s and 1960s, the minimum wage was such that it would lift you out of poverty. Output:	economy	task613_politifact_text_generation	NIv2	zs_opt	2	train
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words. Problem:Says that after she declared her candidacy for Congress, the redistricting process was manipulated to allow incumbent politicians to guarantee their re-election. Solution:	elections	task613_politifact_text_generation	NIv2	zs_opt	8	train
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words. [EX Q]: We will be the first party to elect a bald guy to governor. [EX A]: candidates-biography [EX Q]: Hillsboroughs Public Transportation Commission has a rule that says cabbies have to wear socks. I mean, please. Come on. [EX A]: government-efficiency [EX Q]: "Only 20 percent of Americans admit to being Republicans anymore." [EX A]:	elections	task613_politifact_text_generation	NIv2	fs_opt	6	train
Part 1. Definition In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words. Part 2. Example Says the Annies List political group supports third-trimester abortions on demand. Answer: abortion Explanation: It's a correct subject of the statement because it talks about a political group supporting demans of abortions. Part 3. Exercise Russ Feingold got a memo in 2009 that outlined veteran harm at a Wisconsin VA facility and nothing was done. Answer:	drugs	task613_politifact_text_generation	NIv2	fs_opt	7	train
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words. One example is below. Q: Says the Annies List political group supports third-trimester abortions on demand. A: abortion Rationale: It's a correct subject of the statement because it talks about a political group supporting demans of abortions. Q: Says that in 2007, Oregon ranked 25th -- or 7th from the bottom -- in percentage of children with untreated decay compared to 32 other states with similar data. A:	children	task613_politifact_text_generation	NIv2	fs_opt	9	train
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case. In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words. Example: Says the Annies List political group supports third-trimester abortions on demand. Output: abortion It's a correct subject of the statement because it talks about a political group supporting demans of abortions. New input case for you: John Mica voted to borrow $10 trillion. Output:	debt	task613_politifact_text_generation	NIv2	fs_opt	1	train
Q: In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words. While fighting a move to toughen penalties for workplace gender discrimination, state Sen. Glenn Grothman said he didnt believe women belonged in the workplace but belonged at home, cooking and cleaning and having babies. A:	jobs	task613_politifact_text_generation	NIv2	zs_opt	7	train
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task. In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words. Redskins is used historically as a term of respect. Output:	history	task613_politifact_text_generation	NIv2	zs_opt	1	test
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case. In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words. Example: Says the Annies List political group supports third-trimester abortions on demand. Output: abortion It's a correct subject of the statement because it talks about a political group supporting demans of abortions. New input case for you: While Mayor Kenney personally doesnt support DROP, he cant fault highly qualified city employees for appropriately utilizing a benefit thats available to them. Output:	city-government	task613_politifact_text_generation	NIv2	fs_opt	1	validation
Given the question: Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: Compared to a one inch ripple in a pond, would a 350 foot tall ocean tsunami have more energy or less energy?? Paragraph : Bigger waves have more energy. The answer is:	more energy	quartz_use_info_from_question_paragraph	P3	zs_noopt	6	train
Given the question: Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: Don is sending out wavelengths, and wants them to correspond to lower energies. In order to best do this, Don will send out wavelengths that are longer or shorter? Paragraph : Shorter wavelengths (higher frequencies) correspond to higher energies and thus hotter star temperatures. The answer is:	longer	quartz_use_info_from_question_paragraph	P3	zs_noopt	6	train
Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: Jill was watching her baby as she was breastfeeding it. She noticed that the less that the baby suckled, the amount of prolactin released became Greater or Lesser? Paragraph : The more the baby suckles, the more prolactin is released, which causes more milk to be produced. A:	Lesser	quartz_use_info_from_question_paragraph	P3	zs_noopt	2	train
Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: Two species with very dissimilar DNA are probably distantly or closely related? Paragraph : The more similar the DNA molecules of different species are, the closer the relationship is likely to be. distantly (Question) Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: Gaby is examining a particle that sped up after she heated some gaseous CO2. Why did the particle speed up it has more energy or it has less energy? Paragraph : If the gas is cooled, the particles will move more slowly, because they will have less energy. (Answer) it has more energy Ques: Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: Ian sees an object with many colliding particles, and he compares it to another object with few colliding particles. Which is true about the objects the object with many colliding particles has a lower concentration of particles or the object with many colliding particles has a higher concentration of particles? Paragraph : At higher concentrations, particles of reactants are crowded closer together, so they are more likely to collide and react. Ans: the object with many colliding particles has a higher concentration of particles (Q). Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: If Jim turns the thermostat down in his room while listening to music, what will happen to the speed of the sound waves in the room they will speed up or they will slow down? Paragraph : For a given medium, sound has a slower speed at lower temperatures. (A). they will slow down Ques:Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: The closer that water gets to the shore the more or fewer nutrients there are? Paragraph : Most nutrients are washed into ocean water from land. Therefore, water closer to shore tends to have more nutrients. Ans:more Ques:Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: As Peter's dog got bigger, the dog's bones became larger or smaller? Paragraph : As animals grow their bones get longer and bigger, they grow more hair, and are able to take care of themselves by getting food, shelter, and water. Ans:	larger	quartz_use_info_from_question_paragraph	P3	fs_opt	9	train
Q:Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: If water is far from a source of nutrients it will have few nutrients or more nutrients? Paragraph : Water near shore generally has more dissolved nutrients than water farther from shore. A:	few nutrients	quartz_use_info_from_question_paragraph	P3	zs_opt	3	train
Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: Rich lives in Chicago, Illinois while Rachel lives in Sydney, Australia. Who likely experiences more atmospheric pressure in June Rich or Rachel? Paragraph : Decreasing air temperature increases atmospheric pressure. A:	Rachel	quartz_use_info_from_question_paragraph	P3	zs_opt	2	train
Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: Mona is excavating a deep tunnel as part of an exploratory committee. As she travels upwards back from the Earth, what can she expect will happen to the temperature increase or decrease? Paragraph : Temperature increases with depth inside the Earth, so melting of rocks is more likely to occur at greater depths. Answer:	decrease	quartz_use_info_from_question_paragraph	P3	zs_opt	1	train
Question: Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: Derek is noting how close particles are, and sees that they are very far apart. Since the particles are so far apart, the amplitude of the wave will be greater or lesser? Paragraph : The closer together the particles are, the greater the amplitude of the wave. Answer:	lesser	quartz_use_info_from_question_paragraph	P3	zs_noopt	4	train
Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: Henry noticed that his piece of cake was heavier than his piece of butter. The cake was more or less dense? Paragraph : A given volume of a denser substance is heavier than the same volume of a less dense substance. more (Question) Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: If you need to turn a screw more times that requires less force or more force? Paragraph : The trade-off when the threads are closer together, is that more turns of the screw or bolt are needed to do the job because the distance over which the input force must be applied is greater. (Answer) more force Ques: Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: When a country stops manufacturing things they need to have less resources or more resources? Paragraph : Developing nations will also increase demands on natural resources as they build more factories. Ans: less resources (Q). Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: When measuring atoms the further from the nucleus you get you have less orbitals or more orbitals? Paragraph : Energy levels farther from the nucleus of an atom have more orbitals. (A). more orbitals Ques:Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: Two species with very dissimilar DNA are probably distantly or closely related? Paragraph : The more similar the DNA molecules of different species are, the closer the relationship is likely to be. Ans:distantly Ques:Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: Tina is speeding on the highway, and a cop is sat on the road with a radar gun to see who to pull over. The cop's gun begins to detect a low frequency, with waves reflected being bunched up. The car was going faster or slower? Paragraph : A: As the car approaches the radar gun, the reflected microwaves get bunched up in front of the car. Therefore, the waves the receiver detects have a higher frequency than they would if they were being reflected from a stationary object. The faster the car is moving, the greater the increase in the frequency of the waves. Ans:	slower	quartz_use_info_from_question_paragraph	P3	fs_opt	9	test
Use information from the paragraph to answer the question. Question: If Mona is mixing some chemicals in a beaker for her science project and she adds less water to the mixture, what will happen to the amount of chemical reactions that can take place inside the beaker it will decrease or it will increase? Paragraph : More water allows more chemical reactions. A:	it will decrease	quartz_use_info_from_question_paragraph	P3	zs_noopt	2	validation
Part 1. Definition In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether it is plausible for the Head to desire the Tail or not. In this task, desire means desires of sentient entities. For example, doctors likely desire to cure a patient. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Part 2. Example Head: person<sep>Tail: complaints to addressed Answer: Yes Explanation: This is a good example. The Head desires the Tail. Part 3. Exercise Head: PersonX asks for the moon<sep>Tail: selfish Answer:	No	task1213_atomic_classification_desires	NIv2	fs_opt	7	train
Teacher:In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether it is plausible for the Head to desire the Tail or not. In this task, desire means desires of sentient entities. For example, doctors likely desire to cure a patient. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Head: PersonX asks PersonY to go<sep>Tail: inviting Student:	No	task1213_atomic_classification_desires	NIv2	zs_opt	6	train
In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether it is plausible for the Head to desire the Tail or not. In this task, desire means desires of sentient entities. For example, doctors likely desire to cure a patient. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. One example is below. Q: Head: person<sep>Tail: complaints to addressed A: Yes Rationale: This is a good example. The Head desires the Tail. Q: Head: PersonX arrives at PersonY understanding<sep>Tail: understand what is going on A:	No	task1213_atomic_classification_desires	NIv2	fs_opt	9	train
Definition: In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether it is plausible for the Head to desire the Tail or not. In this task, desire means desires of sentient entities. For example, doctors likely desire to cure a patient. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Input: Head: person<sep>Tail: cherokee Output:	Yes	task1213_atomic_classification_desires	NIv2	zs_opt	2	train
In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether it is plausible for the Head to desire the Tail or not. In this task, desire means desires of sentient entities. For example, doctors likely desire to cure a patient. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Let me give you an example: Head: person<sep>Tail: complaints to addressed The answer to this example can be: Yes Here is why: This is a good example. The Head desires the Tail. OK. solve this: Head: PersonX asks PersonY's mother for help<sep>Tail: indifferent Answer:	No	task1213_atomic_classification_desires	NIv2	fs_opt	8	train
In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether it is plausible for the Head to desire the Tail or not. In this task, desire means desires of sentient entities. For example, doctors likely desire to cure a patient. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. [Q]: Head: PersonX achieves PersonY effect<sep>Tail: to see [A]: No [Q]: Head: PersonX accepts PersonX's diploma<sep>Tail: apply for college [A]: No [Q]: Head: person<sep>Tail: traction to draw broken bones together [A]:	Yes	task1213_atomic_classification_desires	NIv2	fs_opt	5	train
Instructions: In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether it is plausible for the Head to desire the Tail or not. In this task, desire means desires of sentient entities. For example, doctors likely desire to cure a patient. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Input: Head: PersonX adopts PersonY attitude<sep>Tail: imitative Output:	No	task1213_atomic_classification_desires	NIv2	zs_opt	3	train
Q: In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether it is plausible for the Head to desire the Tail or not. In this task, desire means desires of sentient entities. For example, doctors likely desire to cure a patient. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Head: PersonX asks PersonY to go<sep>Tail: also happy A:	No	task1213_atomic_classification_desires	NIv2	zs_opt	7	train
In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether it is plausible for the Head to desire the Tail or not. In this task, desire means desires of sentient entities. For example, doctors likely desire to cure a patient. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Head: PersonX answers the question<sep>Tail: gets it wrong	No	task1213_atomic_classification_desires	NIv2	zs_opt	0	test
In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether it is plausible for the Head to desire the Tail or not. In this task, desire means desires of sentient entities. For example, doctors likely desire to cure a patient. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Q: Head: person<sep>Tail: college degree A: Yes ** Q: Head: PersonX accepts happily<sep>Tail: excited A: No ** Q: Head: PersonX agrees to the challenge<sep>Tail: to be accepted A:	No ****	task1213_atomic_classification_desires	NIv2	fs_opt	4	validation
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case. You are given a target person and two sentences. Your task is to determine whether the second sentence conveys either a stereotype, anti-stereotype, or is unrelated with respect to the first sentence and the target. A stereotype is a widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against the widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. Sentences and targets are unrelated if there is no relevance between them. Example: Target: mother The mother walked into her kitchen. She pulled a beer out of the fridge and leaned against the doorway, sipping it slowly. Output: anti-stereotype This is an anti-stereotype because as a stereotype, mothers do not drink alcohol and do not have a casual, care-free stance when they do so. New input case for you: Target: gentlemen The gentlemen were all sitting together at the bar. They stopped a group of drunk women from beating up another woman in the bar. Output:	anti-stereotype	task318_stereoset_classification_gender	NIv2	fs_opt	1	train
TASK DEFINITION: You are given a target person and two sentences. Your task is to determine whether the second sentence conveys either a stereotype, anti-stereotype, or is unrelated with respect to the first sentence and the target. A stereotype is a widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against the widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. Sentences and targets are unrelated if there is no relevance between them. PROBLEM: Target: mommy That woman is a mommy. Spaghetti tastes better the day after it's made. SOLUTION: unrelated PROBLEM: Target: grandfather My grandfather is in the living room. He loves to go swimming with the polar bear club in the winter. SOLUTION: anti-stereotype PROBLEM: Target: sister I have an older sister. She's very bossy and controlling. SOLUTION:	stereotype	task318_stereoset_classification_gender	NIv2	fs_opt	8	train
Teacher:You are given a target person and two sentences. Your task is to determine whether the second sentence conveys either a stereotype, anti-stereotype, or is unrelated with respect to the first sentence and the target. A stereotype is a widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against the widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. Sentences and targets are unrelated if there is no relevance between them. Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Target: mommy the girls mommy was tall. then change your behavior. Student:	unrelated	task318_stereoset_classification_gender	NIv2	zs_opt	6	train
Detailed Instructions: You are given a target person and two sentences. Your task is to determine whether the second sentence conveys either a stereotype, anti-stereotype, or is unrelated with respect to the first sentence and the target. A stereotype is a widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against the widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. Sentences and targets are unrelated if there is no relevance between them. Problem:Target: mother My mother is very kind. She is a violent kickboxer. Solution:	anti-stereotype	task318_stereoset_classification_gender	NIv2	zs_opt	8	train
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task. You are given a target person and two sentences. Your task is to determine whether the second sentence conveys either a stereotype, anti-stereotype, or is unrelated with respect to the first sentence and the target. A stereotype is a widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against the widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. Sentences and targets are unrelated if there is no relevance between them. Target: mother The mother walked into her kitchen. She pulled a beer out of the fridge and leaned against the doorway, sipping it slowly. Solution: anti-stereotype Why? This is an anti-stereotype because as a stereotype, mothers do not drink alcohol and do not have a casual, care-free stance when they do so. New input: Target: gentlemen The gentlemen were all sitting together at the bar. They were harassing and ogling all the attractive women. Solution:	stereotype	task318_stereoset_classification_gender	NIv2	fs_opt	0	train
Definition: You are given a target person and two sentences. Your task is to determine whether the second sentence conveys either a stereotype, anti-stereotype, or is unrelated with respect to the first sentence and the target. A stereotype is a widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against the widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. Sentences and targets are unrelated if there is no relevance between them. Input: Target: schoolgirl He was laughing like a schoolgirl at the clown in the park. He got very hungry and wanted to get some steak for dinner. Output:	anti-stereotype	task318_stereoset_classification_gender	NIv2	zs_opt	2	train
Teacher:You are given a target person and two sentences. Your task is to determine whether the second sentence conveys either a stereotype, anti-stereotype, or is unrelated with respect to the first sentence and the target. A stereotype is a widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against the widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. Sentences and targets are unrelated if there is no relevance between them. Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Target: himself He had to go buy himself a new golf club because the other one was bent. He also likes sports like American football. Student:	stereotype	task318_stereoset_classification_gender	NIv2	zs_opt	6	train
You are given a target person and two sentences. Your task is to determine whether the second sentence conveys either a stereotype, anti-stereotype, or is unrelated with respect to the first sentence and the target. A stereotype is a widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against the widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. Sentences and targets are unrelated if there is no relevance between them. Example input: Target: mother The mother walked into her kitchen. She pulled a beer out of the fridge and leaned against the doorway, sipping it slowly. Example output: anti-stereotype Example explanation: This is an anti-stereotype because as a stereotype, mothers do not drink alcohol and do not have a casual, care-free stance when they do so. Q: Target: herself She had to complete the homework herself. The hurricane moved closer to the east coast. A:	unrelated	task318_stereoset_classification_gender	NIv2	fs_opt	3	train
You are given a target person and two sentences. Your task is to determine whether the second sentence conveys either a stereotype, anti-stereotype, or is unrelated with respect to the first sentence and the target. A stereotype is a widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against the widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. Sentences and targets are unrelated if there is no relevance between them. Target: schoolgirl That schoolgirl right there is always raising her hand in class and answering questions promptly. I love it when she raises her hand high in the air because I get to see her sexy, big breasts nearly burst out of her blouse.	stereotype	task318_stereoset_classification_gender	NIv2	zs_opt	0	test
Teacher:You are given a target person and two sentences. Your task is to determine whether the second sentence conveys either a stereotype, anti-stereotype, or is unrelated with respect to the first sentence and the target. A stereotype is a widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against the widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. Sentences and targets are unrelated if there is no relevance between them. Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Target: mother I spend time on the weekends with my mother. Electricity runs through wires in ac/dc currents. Student:	unrelated	task318_stereoset_classification_gender	NIv2	zs_opt	6	validation
You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to find the correct answer (and return the string of the correct option, not option1/2) for the given question from the given options and based on the given passage. Answer of the question can be found directly from the passage. One example is below. Q: Passage: Omelettes make a great breakfast , and I enjoy making them because they are very easy to cook . First , I get the eggs out and begin cracking them on the side of the bowl and dumping them into the bowl . I normally use two eggs whites and one whole egg to cut the calories . I add some salt and pepper to the mix for flavor . I pour the mixture into the hot frying pan . I make sure that I add some vegetable oil to the pan before I add the eggs though because I do n't want them to stick . As this occurs , I add some cheese or vegetable to the center of the egg mixture . Really , almost any type of cheese or vegetable makes a good omelette . I then flip one side of the omelette over on to itself to seal in the contents in the middle . It is then ready to serve ! Question: How many times is the omelette flipped? Option1: three times Option2: once A: once Rationale: As mentioned in the passage that I then flip one side of the omelette; it is clear that omelette is flipped one time only. Q: Passage: I received a beautiful painting as a birthday gift . I decided I wanted to put the painting up in my living room , so I could enjoy it , and it could be seen by anyone who comes to visit me . I measured the painting , then I measured the size of the wall I wanted to put the painting on . I put tiny pencil marks on the wall to show me where the painting would be hung . Then I made another small pencil mark to show me where to put a nail in the wall to hang the painting from . I selected a nail and carefully hammered it into the wall . I adjusted the painting and used a tool called a level to make sure the painting was not crooked on the wall . I 'm very happy with how my painting looks on the wall . Question: What was hung on the wall? Option1: A nail Option2: The painting A:	The painting	task164_mcscript_question_answering_text	NIv2	fs_opt	9	train
You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to find the correct answer (and return the string of the correct option, not option1/2) for the given question from the given options and based on the given passage. Answer of the question can be found directly from the passage. Let me give you an example: Passage: Omelettes make a great breakfast , and I enjoy making them because they are very easy to cook . First , I get the eggs out and begin cracking them on the side of the bowl and dumping them into the bowl . I normally use two eggs whites and one whole egg to cut the calories . I add some salt and pepper to the mix for flavor . I pour the mixture into the hot frying pan . I make sure that I add some vegetable oil to the pan before I add the eggs though because I do n't want them to stick . As this occurs , I add some cheese or vegetable to the center of the egg mixture . Really , almost any type of cheese or vegetable makes a good omelette . I then flip one side of the omelette over on to itself to seal in the contents in the middle . It is then ready to serve ! Question: How many times is the omelette flipped? Option1: three times Option2: once The answer to this example can be: once Here is why: As mentioned in the passage that I then flip one side of the omelette; it is clear that omelette is flipped one time only. OK. solve this: Passage: It 's important to brush your teeth . I do this twice a day . It 's one of the first things I do when I wake up and before I go to bed . I like to keep my mouth healthy . I go into the bathroom . I am careful to brush all the parts of my teeth . I also do the roof of my mouth and my tongue . I brush up and down and side to side . I hum a song to help me keep track of the time . I do not leave the water running while I brush since that is wasteful . I rinse my toothbrush when I am done , and then I put it back into the cup . I do n't like to leave a mess in the bathroom . Question: What was applied to the wet toothbrush? Option1: toothpaste Option2: water Answer:	toothpaste	task164_mcscript_question_answering_text	NIv2	fs_opt	8	train
You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to find the correct answer (and return the string of the correct option, not option1/2) for the given question from the given options and based on the given passage. Answer of the question can be found directly from the passage. Passage: I went shopping for groceries . I had a full cart when I got to the check out line . I loaded all my groceries on the conveyer . I said I wanted to pay with my credit card . I swiped my card so the black strip on the card fit into the groove in the card reading machine . Then I had to wait until the cashier had finished scanning all my groceries . After that , the total appeared on the little machine , and I pressed the button to say that I agreed to pay that much . The cashier pressed the OK button on her machine and a long receipt printed out . I took all my groceries and went home . At the end of the month I know I will get a letter from the credit card company with a list of everything I have bought , and I can check that my grocery receipt is on there . Question: What was needed to sign off for the purchase? Option1: press the button to say okay Option2: sign the receipt	press the button to say okay	task164_mcscript_question_answering_text	NIv2	zs_opt	0	train
Detailed Instructions: You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to find the correct answer (and return the string of the correct option, not option1/2) for the given question from the given options and based on the given passage. Answer of the question can be found directly from the passage. Problem:Passage: I came home and looked in the kitchen . I had a lot of dirty dishes stacked in the sink waiting to be cleaned . I frowned and knew that I had to clean them . I put each of the smaller dishes from the sink into the dishwasher , including the silverware . I filled the dishwasher with soap and turned it on . There were still a few big dirty dishes left in the sink , though . I grabbed a sponge and sprayed some soap onto it . I scrubbed the food and bits of grease off each dish , and rinsed them under the water to get the food and soap off . Some dishes were extra dirty so I had to scrub and rinse them more than once . Question: What were the they too big to fit into? Option1: the dishwasher Option2: sink Solution:	the dishwasher	task164_mcscript_question_answering_text	NIv2	zs_opt	8	train
TASK DEFINITION: You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to find the correct answer (and return the string of the correct option, not option1/2) for the given question from the given options and based on the given passage. Answer of the question can be found directly from the passage. PROBLEM: Passage: When I was a boy , my dad loved to teach me how to make a garden . He first told me about when to plant the plants . He then told me which plants would do really well in the area that we lived . The machine turned the dirt around and made sure that it was fresh to be planted . We took out seeds and spaced them apart to give room for the plants to grow . We watered them every day after that and made sure that they did n't get run over by weeds or bugs . We picked out the corn and peas and beans . My dad and I cut the melons off of the vine and we ate those while we finished all of our work out there . Question: What did they tow with to prepare the ground? Option1: their hands Option2: machine SOLUTION: machine PROBLEM: Passage: I hear the baby is crying , so he must be ready for a bottle . Very carefully I put my hands under the baby , being mindful to support his neck with one hand so his head does n't wobble around . I hold the baby close to me , wrapping his blanket around him and cradle him in my arms . I speak softly to the baby , I make sure his formula is not too warm and not too cold before I feed it to him . I put the nipple of the bottle in the baby 's mouth , and I ensure I 'm holding the bottle at an angle so there is n't lots of air getting in his tummy . The baby drinks all the formula and then I put him over my shoulder , I then gently patting his back to get him to burp . Question: What do they test before giving to the baby? Option1: Formula. Option2: pencils SOLUTION: Formula. PROBLEM: Passage: It was Friday , finally the precious weekend after a grueling long week of work had arrived . I knew it would be a waste of precious time to go home and change so I brought a change of clothes with me to the office . I freshened up and changed in the office bathroom . So me and my friends had already decided which pub we 'd hit this week , it was `` The Hive '' . It was named so because it was always `` buzzing '' with people . Stupid or clever ? I do n't know . So the four of us , Clay , Justin , Tony and myself had to reach the pub by 8:00 . I pulled up my phone to book a cab . First I opened `` ola '' the app took a lot of time to load probably because the internet speed was slow . Then I opened `` Uber '' it loaded almost instantly and there were cabs available near me but due to high demand it had surge pricing -LRB- more than usual rate -RRB- . I had no option but to take the Uber at a high price , since we rarely get time to hangout . Question: What was finally opened? Option1: Ola app Option2: uber SOLUTION:	Ola app	task164_mcscript_question_answering_text	NIv2	fs_opt	8	train
Part 1. Definition You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to find the correct answer (and return the string of the correct option, not option1/2) for the given question from the given options and based on the given passage. Answer of the question can be found directly from the passage. Part 2. Example Passage: Omelettes make a great breakfast , and I enjoy making them because they are very easy to cook . First , I get the eggs out and begin cracking them on the side of the bowl and dumping them into the bowl . I normally use two eggs whites and one whole egg to cut the calories . I add some salt and pepper to the mix for flavor . I pour the mixture into the hot frying pan . I make sure that I add some vegetable oil to the pan before I add the eggs though because I do n't want them to stick . As this occurs , I add some cheese or vegetable to the center of the egg mixture . Really , almost any type of cheese or vegetable makes a good omelette . I then flip one side of the omelette over on to itself to seal in the contents in the middle . It is then ready to serve ! Question: How many times is the omelette flipped? Option1: three times Option2: once Answer: once Explanation: As mentioned in the passage that I then flip one side of the omelette; it is clear that omelette is flipped one time only. Part 3. Exercise Passage: It was a warm summer night and my friends and I wanted to have a bonfire . First we went into the woods and gathered twigs and leaves to help start the fire . Then , we gathered branches and logs to place into the fire pit . We stacked the wood in the fire pit and carefully placed dry leaves and a brush in between the logs . Then , we lit a match and started the dry leaves on fire , hoping that the logs would catch fire too . The embers glowed a brilliant orange and soon , the fire caught and we were getting toasty warm ! Once the fire was started , we all sat around it and warmed up . I brought marshmallows for us to have as a snack . It was a really fun night ! Question: Where did they roast the marshmallows? Option1: On the woods Option2: The firepit Answer:	The firepit	task164_mcscript_question_answering_text	NIv2	fs_opt	7	train
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to find the correct answer (and return the string of the correct option, not option1/2) for the given question from the given options and based on the given passage. Answer of the question can be found directly from the passage. Passage: Every month when I get my bank statement in the mail I check against my own records . Those records are notations that I have kept throughout the month about how much I spent and where and also how much money was put into my account like my paycheck . This month in particular I noticed a charge that I had no record of . This was a concern for me so I stopped by the bank to see what additional information they had about this charge . They located the particular charge in their records and told me the name of the entity receiving the payment and their address . I did n't recognize either of these pieces of information but they said that nothing unusual about this transaction took place . I decided to think about this for a couple of days and I did and I realized that the charge was made when we were on vacation and that is why I did n't recognize it . Question: What was okay and their records were correct? Option1: the charge Option2: the paycheck	the charge	task164_mcscript_question_answering_text	NIv2	zs_opt	5	train
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task. You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to find the correct answer (and return the string of the correct option, not option1/2) for the given question from the given options and based on the given passage. Answer of the question can be found directly from the passage. Passage: Omelettes make a great breakfast , and I enjoy making them because they are very easy to cook . First , I get the eggs out and begin cracking them on the side of the bowl and dumping them into the bowl . I normally use two eggs whites and one whole egg to cut the calories . I add some salt and pepper to the mix for flavor . I pour the mixture into the hot frying pan . I make sure that I add some vegetable oil to the pan before I add the eggs though because I do n't want them to stick . As this occurs , I add some cheese or vegetable to the center of the egg mixture . Really , almost any type of cheese or vegetable makes a good omelette . I then flip one side of the omelette over on to itself to seal in the contents in the middle . It is then ready to serve ! Question: How many times is the omelette flipped? Option1: three times Option2: once Solution: once Why? As mentioned in the passage that I then flip one side of the omelette; it is clear that omelette is flipped one time only. New input: Passage: I looked in my fridge and did not see very much food in it . It was time to go grocery shopping . First though , I needed to make a shopping list . I thought about what I usually have in the fridge and what I liked to eat . I checked how much of each food I had left in the cabinet and wrote down things that were almost out . I thought about what was in the freezer . There was not much inside the freezer it looked like , so I wrote down some frozen foods like chicken nuggets . Thinking some more , I looked over the list thinking of something that could be missing . My list was pretty good , so I could not find anything that was missing . Question: What did they want? Option1: food Option2: fridge Solution:	food	task164_mcscript_question_answering_text	NIv2	fs_opt	0	train
Detailed Instructions: You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to find the correct answer (and return the string of the correct option, not option1/2) for the given question from the given options and based on the given passage. Answer of the question can be found directly from the passage. See one example below: Problem: Passage: Omelettes make a great breakfast , and I enjoy making them because they are very easy to cook . First , I get the eggs out and begin cracking them on the side of the bowl and dumping them into the bowl . I normally use two eggs whites and one whole egg to cut the calories . I add some salt and pepper to the mix for flavor . I pour the mixture into the hot frying pan . I make sure that I add some vegetable oil to the pan before I add the eggs though because I do n't want them to stick . As this occurs , I add some cheese or vegetable to the center of the egg mixture . Really , almost any type of cheese or vegetable makes a good omelette . I then flip one side of the omelette over on to itself to seal in the contents in the middle . It is then ready to serve ! Question: How many times is the omelette flipped? Option1: three times Option2: once Solution: once Explanation: As mentioned in the passage that I then flip one side of the omelette; it is clear that omelette is flipped one time only. Problem: Passage: I woke late today . I did not do everything that I usually do every morning . One thing that I did not do was make my bed . I wake up , get out of bed and immediately start running my hand across my bed in order to straighten the wrinkles out of my bottom , fitted sheet . When I wake up on time , unlike today , I then pull up my top , flat sheet and straighten my pillows . Some people tuck their top sheet in under the mattress and tuck it about their pillows when they make their bed . I do n't ; I simply pull the top sheet and then the blanket over my pillows and let the sides and bottom of the top sheet hang free . Well , tonight that certainly wo n't be an issue since I did n't make my bed at all ! Question: When do they make their bed? Option1: in the morning Option2: tonight Solution:	in the morning	task164_mcscript_question_answering_text	NIv2	fs_opt	4	test
Instructions: You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to find the correct answer (and return the string of the correct option, not option1/2) for the given question from the given options and based on the given passage. Answer of the question can be found directly from the passage. Input: Passage: I look around at the wall in my house , and think it is a little empty . I remember that I have a painting in the attic that would look very good on this wall , and bring the painting down from the attic . I think of how the painting would hang on the wall , thinking of different ways it could hang . I think of hanging wire on the pack of the painting 's frame to hang on a nail in the wall . I think of another way to hang it . I remember that I also have some sticky tape I could use , but realize the tape would not be strong enough . I do have some Velcro , which would work well instead of wire and a nail . I attach the Velcro to the back of the painting 's frame and also on the wall , and press the painting against the Velcro while making sure the painting stays level . Question: What are they trying to hang on the wall? Option1: velcro Option2: painting Output:	painting	task164_mcscript_question_answering_text	NIv2	zs_opt	3	validation

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