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Hamedan Museum of Natural History The is a natural history museum located in the Bu Al Sina University in Hamedan, north-western Iran. It is noted for its presentation of large horned Alborz red sheep and a black vulture. It also has a considerable taxidermic collection of animals and insects. The museum has an aquariu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21131801 |
Oman Natural History Museum The Natural History Museum of Oman is a natural history museum, located at the Ministry of Heritage and Culture complex, Al Khuwair, opposite the Zawawi Mosque in Muscat, Oman. The museum opened on 20 December 1985, and has detailed coverage of Oman's flora and fauna, with displays on indige... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21145044 |
Oman Natural History Museum The museum includes lectures halls and temporary exhibitions. Additionally, it has well equipped educational halls that will be used for workshops and educational programmes. The museum includes five fundamental scientific sections specialised for research, records, studies, and archives wor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21145044 |
Erich Wasmann (29 May 1859 − 27 February 1931) was an Austrian (born in South Tyrol) entomologist, specializing in ants and termites, and Jesuit priest. He described the phenomenon known as Wasmannian mimicry. Wasmann was a supporter of evolution, although he did not accept the productivity of natural selection, the ev... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21146628 |
Mott criterion The describes the critical point of the metal–insulator transition. The criterion is formula_1 where formula_2 is the electron density of the material and formula_3 the effective bohr radius. The constant formula_4, according to various estimates, is 2.0, 2.78,4.0, or 4.2. If the criterion is satisfied (... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21162207 |
Comparator system A comparator system, or simply comparator, in the fields of biophysics, biology, and neurology is a particular organisation of neurons. Comparators, as their name suggests, compare several inputs of internal or external information, and are important to the field of neural learning. In biological syst... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21167788 |
CHARISSA (derived from 'CHARged particle Instrumentation for a Solid State Array') is a nuclear structure research collaboration originally conceived, initiated and partially built by Dr. William Rae of the University of Oxford (retired) and now run by the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Birmingham... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21177379 |
Ernő Csíki Ernst Csiki, Ernst Dietl or Ernő Csiki (Csíki) (, 1875 in Vulkan – 1954 in Budapest) was a Hungarian entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. He was, between 1897 and 1932, Keeper of the Collections of the Hungarian Natural History Museum where his collection is conserved. At the time of Ernő Csiki's reti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21192785 |
LOWERN is an acronym for 6 factors that affect climate. There is also another name for this acronym that removes nearness to water, and is known as LOWER instead. They might add near water at the end. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21201136 |
Franz Dannehl (7 February 1870, Rudolstadt – 1947) was a German entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera. He was an insect dealer first in Bözen, then in Munich. His private collection, mainly butterflies and moths from the German Tyrol is in Museo Civico di Zoologia, Rome, Zoologische Staatssammlung München in Muni... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21209667 |
Georg Dieck (28 April 1847 in Zöschen – 21 October 1925 in Zöschen) was a German entomologist and botanist. After attending high school in Naumburg, he studied natural sciences at Jena, where he was a pupil and assistant of Ernst Haeckel. In 1870, he taught in Zöschen at the large arboretum, where over 6000 different t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21220976 |
Paul Dognin (10 May 1847 – 10 August 1931) was a French entomologist who specialised in the Lepidoptera of South America. Dognin named 101 new genera of moths. He was a member of the Royal Belgian Entomological Society and life member of the Société entomologique de France. Part of his collection was purchased by James... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21222312 |
Minnesota Geological Survey The is a unit of the Newton Horace Winchell School of Earth Sciences at the University of Minnesota. The Survey conducts field mapping, basic and applied research, publishes scientific and popular literature, and works toward the goal of science education through providing outreach programs ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21239378 |
Patrick H. O'Farrell is a molecular biologist who made crucial contribution to the development of 2-dimensional protein electrophoresis and "Drosophila" genetics. He is now a professor of Biochemistry at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and has a h-index of 67. O'Farrell received his B.Sc. in 1969 fro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21241192 |
Satya Churn Law (alternately transcribed as Satya Charan Law) (died 11 December 1984) was a wealthy naturalist, amateur ornithologist, educationist and intellectual in Calcutta. He was for a while a treasurer of the Indian Statistical Institute and was a Fellow of the Zoological Society of London and Member of the Brit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21247166 |
Piper diagram In 1944, Arthur M. Piper proposed an effective graphic procedure for presenting water chemistry data to help in understanding the sources of the dissolved constituents in water. This procedure is based on the premise that cations and anions in water are generally in chemical equilibrium. A piper diagram i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21265548 |
Victor Manuel Velasco Herrera is a theoretical physicist and researcher at the Institute of Geophysics of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). He disagrees with predictions about future climate change, arguing that proponents ignore the most important factor, which he submits is solar activity. In the s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21269541 |
Viking Olver Eriksen (14 April 1922 – 6 March 2014) was a Norwegian nuclear physicist. He was born in Stavanger, and graduated as cand.real. in 1951. In 1952 he was hired at the Institute for Nuclear Energy at Kjeller—the institution is now named the Norwegian Institute for Energy Technology—as head of the physics depa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21271942 |
Philippe Janvier is a French paleontologist, specialising in Palaeozoic vertebrates, who currently works at the Museum National de l’Histoire Naturelle in Paris. He has written several books and scientific papers on Palaeozoic vertebrates and contributed to the Tree of Life phylogeny project. He has led the largest pal... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21279624 |
Lugeon A is a unit devised to quantify the water permeability of bedrock and the hydraulic conductivity resulting from fractures; it is named after Maurice Lugeon, a Swiss geologist who first formulated the method in 1933. More specifically, the test is used to measure the amount of water injected into a segment of the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21291452 |
Integrated Forecast System The (IFS) is a global numerical weather prediction system jointly developed and maintained by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) based in Reading, England, and Météo-France based in Toulouse. The version of the IFS run at ECMWF is often referred to as the "ECMWF" o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21295446 |
Integrated Forecast System The ECMWF also runs a coarser version of the IFS out 45 days; this version is run weekly, with output in five-day intervals. There is also a version that runs out one year. All model versions except HRES are coupled to the ocean model NEMO. Many ECMWF member states use ECMWF global forecasts ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21295446 |
Jupiter Europa Orbiter As a part of the defunct Europa Jupiter System Mission – Laplace (EJSM/Laplace), the (JEO) was a proposed orbiter probe slated for lift-off in 2020 and planned for detailed studies of Jupiter's moons Europa and Io as well as the Jovian magnetosphere. Its main goal would have been to look for evid... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21301991 |
Yoseph Imry (Hebrew: יוסף אמרי; born 23 February 1939 – 29 May 2018) was an Israeli physicist. He was best known for taking part in the foundation of mesoscopic physics, a relatively new branch of condensed matter physics. It is concerned with how the behavior of systems whose size is in between micro- and macroscopic,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21314351 |
Quintom scenario The (derived from the words "quintessence" and "phantom", as in phantom energy) is a hypothetical scenario involving dark energy. In this scenario, the equation of state formula_1 of the dark energy, relating its pressure and energy density, can cross the boundary formula_2 associated with the cosmolog... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21321517 |
Stone Wall (Australia) Stone Wall is an escarpment overlooking the Murchison River Gorge about north-east of Kalbarri in Mid West Western Australia. It is of geological interest because it provides outstanding exposures of five Cretaceous formations unconformably overlying the Ordovician Tumblagooda sandstone. The Cret... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21323543 |
Hamlet (crater) Hamlet is the largest crater on the known part of the surface of Uranus' moon Oberon. It has diameter of about 206 km and is named after the title character of the play Hamlet, by William Shakespeare. The crater has a dark floor and is surrounded by a system of bright rays, which are ice ejecta deposite... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21341051 |
Kurt Peters Kurt Gustav Karl Peters (17 August 1897 – 23 May 1978) was an Austrian chemist. His work focused on the area of fuel technology, physical chemistry and catalytic reactions as well as the separation of rare gases and hydrocarbons. After serving in the Austrian army during World War I, he studied chemistry at... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21344722 |
Chemical compound A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) composed of atoms from more than one element held together by chemical bonds. Two atoms of the same element bonded in a molecule do not form a chemical compound, since this would require two differ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21347411 |
Chemical compound It follows from their being composed of fixed proportions of two or more types of atoms that chemical compounds can be converted, via chemical reaction, into compounds or substances each having fewer atoms. The ratio of each element in the compound is expressed in a ratio in its chemical formula. A ch... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21347411 |
Chemical compound Pure chemical elements are generally not considered chemical compounds, failing the two or more atom requirement, though they often consist of molecules composed of multiple atoms (such as in the diatomic molecule H, or the polyatomic molecule S, etc.). Many chemical compounds have a unique numerical ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21347411 |
Chemical compound Other compounds regarded as chemically identical may have varying amounts of heavy or light isotopes of the constituent elements, which changes the ratio of elements by mass slightly. Compounds are held together through a variety of different types of bonding and forces. The differences in the types o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21347411 |
Chemical compound Ionic bonding occurs when valence electrons are completely transferred between elements. Opposite to covalent bonding, this chemical bond creates two oppositely charged ions. The metals in ionic bonding usually lose their valence electrons, becoming a positively charged cation. The nonmetal will gain ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21347411 |
Homeokinetics is the study of self-organizing, complex systems. Standard physics studies systems at separate levels, such as atomic physics, nuclear physics, biophysics, social physics, and galactic physics. Homeokinetic physics studies the up-down processes that bind these levels. Tools such as mechanics, quantum fiel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21348562 |
Homeokinetics They were observing systems associated with nested hierarchy and with an extensive range of time scale processes. It was such connections, referred to as both up-down or in-out connections (as nested hierarchy) and side-side or flatland physics among atomistic-like components (as heterarchy) that became t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21348562 |
Homeokinetics In complex systems, there is also a result of internal processes in the atomisms. They exhibit, in addition to the pair-by-pair interactions, internal actions such as vibrations, rotations, and association. If the energy and time involved internally creates a very large—in time—cycle of performance of the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21348562 |
Homeokinetics And whether the atomisms are atoms, molecules, cells, people, stars, galaxies, or universes, the same tools can be used to understand them. treats all complex systems on an equal footing, animate and inanimate, providing them with a common viewpoint. The complexity in studying how they work is reduced by ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21348562 |
Władysław Szafer Institute of Botany The (Instytut Botaniki im. Władysława Szafera, Polish) in Kraków, Poland is a major European herbarium containing a collection of over 650,000 vascular plants, bryophytes, algae, fungi, lichens, and various plant fossils. The vascular plant specimens are primarily from Central Europ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21358560 |
Highlands J virus The Highlands J (HJ) virus is a zoonotic alphavirus native to North and South America. It maintains a natural reservoir in the songbird population of freshwater swamps (generally scrub jays and blue jays) and is transmitted by the bite of the female "Culiseta melanura" mosquito. Though nearly identica... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21369463 |
Highlands J virus Despite its negligible virulence in humans, it is often tested for in US domestic mosquito control programs as an indicator of fruitful conditions for other mosquito-borne zoonoses to multiply. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21369463 |
Orthoretrovirinae is a subfamily of viruses belonging to "Retroviridae", a family of enveloped viruses that replicate in a host cell through the process of reverse transcription. The subfamily currently includes six genera, of which "Lentivirus" contains the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These viruses cause a var... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21382303 |
Amott test The is one of the most widely used empirical wettability measurements for reservoir cores in petroleum engineering. The method combines two spontaneous imbibition measurements and two forced displacement measurements. This test defines two different indices: the Amott water index (formula_1) and the Amott oi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21391441 |
Limiting oxygen index The limiting oxygen index (LOI) is the minimum concentration of oxygen, expressed as a percentage, that will support combustion of a polymer. It is measured by passing a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen over a burning specimen, and reducing the oxygen level until a critical level is reached. LOI val... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21391686 |
Non-reversing mirror A non-reversing mirror (sometimes referred to as a flip mirror) is a mirror that presents its subject as it would be seen from the mirror. A non-reversing mirror can be made by connecting two regular mirrors at their edges at a 90 degree angle. If the join is positioned so that it is vertical, an o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21412510 |
Non-reversing mirror A patent for a non-reversing mirror was issued to John Joseph Hooker in 1887. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21412510 |
NGC 1023 is a barred lenticular galaxy, a member of the group of galaxies in the Local Supercluster. Distance measurements vary from 9.3 to 19.7 million parsecs (30 to 64 million light-years). The supermassive black hole at the core has a mass of . is included in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies, under the categ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21416245 |
Chapais (crater) Chapais is a crater on Mars, named after the community of Chapais, Quebec, Canada. Chapais Crater is located at 22.6° south latitude, and 20.6° west longitude. Its diameter is . Its name was adopted in 1976 by the International Astronomical Union's Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (IAU/W... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21422050 |
John Krige () is an historian of science and technology and the Kranzberg Professor at the School of History, Technology and Society, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta. Krige is originally a physical chemist by training, earning a PhD from the University of Pretoria in the subject. After earning a PhD in philoso... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21422193 |
Alexander Nikolsky Alexander Mikhailovich Nikolsky (February 18, 1858 – December 8, 1942) was a Russian and Ukrainian zoologist born in Astrakhan. From 1877 to 1881, he studied at the University of St. Petersburg, earning his doctorate several years later in 1887. From 1881 to 1891, he took part in numerous expeditions... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21429052 |
Tibetan astronomy The Tantra of Kalachakra is the basis of Tibetan astronomy. It explains some phenomena in a similar manner as modern astronomy science. Hence, Sun eclipse is described as the Moon passing between the Sun and the Earth. In 1318, the 3rd Karmapa received vision of Kalachakra which he used to introduce a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21438307 |
Lipid bilayer mechanics is the study of the physical material properties of lipid bilayers, classifying bilayer behavior with stress and strain rather than biochemical interactions. Local point deformations such as membrane protein interactions are typically modelled with the complex theory of biological liquid crystal... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21451766 |
Lipid bilayer mechanics The reason for this is that the lipids in a fluid bilayer rearrange easily so, unlike a bulk material where the resistance to expansion comes from intermolecular bonds, the resistance to expansion in a bilayer is a result of the extra hydrophobic area exposed to water upon pulling the lipids apa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21451766 |
Lipid bilayer mechanics More recently, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to probe the mechanical properties of suspended bilayer membranes, but this method is still under development. One concern with all of these methods is that, since the bilayer is such a flexible structure, there exist considerable therma... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21451766 |
Lipid bilayer mechanics This relation holds only for small deformations, but this is generally a good approximation as most lipid bilayers can support only a few percent strain before rupturing. Only certain classes of lipids can form bilayers. Two factors primarily govern whether a lipid will form a bilayer or not: so... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21451766 |
Lipid bilayer mechanics The origin of this energy is the fact that creating such an interface exposes some of the lipid tails to water, which is unfavorable. formula_1 is also an important parameter in biological phenomena as it regulates the self-healing properties of the bilayer following electroporation or mechanica... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21451766 |
Suctorial pertains to the adaptation for sucking or suction, as possessed by marine parasites such as the Cookiecutter shark, specifically in a specialised lip organ enabling attachment to the host. organs of a different form are possessed by the Solifugae arachnids, enabling the climbing of smooth, vertical surfaces. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21469177 |
Subsidence (atmosphere) Subsidence, in the Earth's atmosphere, is most commonly caused by a low temperature. As the air cools, it becomes denser and moves towards the ground, as warm air becomes less dense and moves upwards (Atmospheric convection). Subsiding air is cold and dry and raises atmospheric pressure forming ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21478909 |
Differential stress is the difference between the greatest and the least compressive stress experienced by an object. For both the geological and civil engineering convention formula_1 is the greatest compressive stress and formula_2 is the weakest, formula_3. In other engineering fields and in physics, formula_2 is th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21486509 |
Epoxy putty refers to a group of room-temperature-hardening substances used as space-filling adhesives. Exact compositions vary according to manufacturer and application. They are stored until use as two components of clay-like consistency. Kneading the two components into each other creates an exothermic chemical reac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21490478 |
Subglacial channel A subglacial meltwater channel is a channel beneath an ice mass, such as ice sheets and valley glaciers, roughly parallel to the main ice flow direction. These meltwater channels can have different sizes, ranging from very small channels of a metre deep and wide to big valleys which can be up to a ki... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21507189 |
Subglacial channel Such channels form where water flows at atmospheric pressure beneath thin ice and on steep downglacier bedslopes. The final type, the N-channel (after John Nye), are those incised into bedrock, perhaps suggesting long-term channel stability under some glaciers. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21507189 |
Kramers' law is a formula for the spectral distribution of X-rays produced by an electron hitting a solid target. The formula concerns only bremsstrahlung radiation, not the element specific characteristic radiation. It is named after its discoverer, the Dutch physicist Hendrik Anthony Kramers. The formula for is usual... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21508600 |
3C 286 3C 286, also known by its position as 1328+307 (B1950 coordinates) is a quasar at redshift 0.8493 with a radial velocity of 164,137 km/s. It is part of the Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources. is one of four primary calibrators used by the Very Large Array (along with 3C 48, 3C 138, and 3C 147). Visibilit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21525637 |
Stephan von Breuning (entomologist) Stephan von Breuning (21 November 1894 – 11 March 1983) was an Austrian entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera, particularly Cerambycidae. An amateur working on the rich collections of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, he described 7894 taxa of Cerambycidae. The complete ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21527133 |
Eigencolloid is a term derived from the German language ("eigen": own) and used to designate colloids made of pure phases. Most often such colloids are formed by the hydrolysis of heavy metals cations or radionuclides, such as, "e.g.", Tc(OH), Th(OH), U(OH), Pu(OH), or Am(OH). Colloids have been suspected for the long-... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21529260 |
Colloid-facilitated transport designates a transport process by which colloidal particles serve as transport vector of diverse contaminants in the surface water (sea water, lakes, rivers, fresh water bodies) and in underground water circulating in fissured rocks (limestone, sandstone, granite, ...). The transport of co... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21529462 |
Drought rhizogenesis is an adaptive root response to drought stress. New emerging roots are short, swollen, and hairless, capable of retaining turgor pressure and resistant to prolonged desiccation. Upon rewatering, they are capable of quickly forming an absorbing root surface and hair growth. This rhizogenesis has bee... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21529867 |
Olav Holt (born 7 January 1935) is a Norwegian physicist. Holt was born in Hedrum, and took his dr.philos. degree in 1963. Holt is a specialist in the upper atmosphere physics and radio wave propagation in the ionosphere. Later, Holt was hired as professor at the University of Tromsø in 1969, where he served as rector ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21535761 |
Hydroxy ketone In organic chemistry a hydroxy ketone (often referred to simply as a ketol) is a functional group consisting of a ketone flanked by a hydroxyl group. In the two main classes, the hydroxyl group can be placed in the alpha position (an alpha-hydroxy ketone RCR′(OH)(CO)R) or in the beta position (a beta-hyd... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21539219 |
Aestivation (botany) Aestivation or estivation is the positional arrangement of the parts of a flower within a flower bud before it has opened. Aestivation is also sometimes referred to as praefoliation or prefoliation, but these terms may also mean vernation: the arrangement of leaves within a vegetative bud. Aestivat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21543302 |
Norwegian Chemical Society The () is a professional society for chemists. Formed in 1893, its purpose is to "promote the interest and understanding of chemistry and chemical technology". Chair is Kenneth Ruud, vice chair is Hans Henrik Øvrebø and board members are Øyvind Mikkelsen, Lillian Zernichow and Kari Herder Kag... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21547335 |
Helical boundary conditions In mathematics, helical boundary conditions are a variation on periodic boundary conditions. provide a method for determining the index of a lattice site's neighbours when each lattice site is indexed by just a single coordinate. On a lattice of dimension "d" where the lattice sites are numb... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21563622 |
Hyperdeformation In nuclear physics, hyperdeformation is theoretically predicted states of an atomic nucleus with extremely elongated shape and very high angular momentum. Less elongated states, superdeformation, have been well observed, but the experimental evidence for hyperdeformation is more limited. Hyperdeformed ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21568490 |
Kenneth H. Hunt Kenneth Henderson Hunt (1920–2002) was Foundation Professor of Engineering at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia and an expert in kinematics. Hunt was born in Seaford, East Sussex, in the United Kingdom, on 7 June 1920. He studied engineering at Balliol College, Oxford University and, during Worl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21572370 |
Bunkering is the supplying of fuel for use by ships, and includes the shipboard logistics of loading fuel and distributing it among available bunker tanks. The term originated in the days of steamships, when the fuel, coal, was stored in bunkers. Nowadays the term bunker is generally applied to the storage of petroleum... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21598045 |
Medea hypothesis The is a term coined by paleontologist Peter Ward for the anti-Gaian hypothesis that multicellular life, understood as a superorganism, is suicidal. In this view, microbial-triggered mass extinctions are attempts to return the Earth to the microbial-dominated state it has been for most of its history. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21599341 |
Medea hypothesis However, Ward simultaneously argues that intelligent life such as humans may not necessarily just trigger future Medean events, but may eventually prevent them from occurring. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21599341 |
Ola Hunderi Ola David Raa Hunderi (born 4 February 1939) is a Norwegian physicist. He took the dr.philos. degree in 1970, and was appointed as professor at the Norwegian Institute of Technology in 1981. From 1987 to 1993 he was the research director at SINTEF. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21612033 |
CHELPG (CHarges from ELectrostatic Potentials using a Grid-based method) is an atomic charge calculation scheme developed by Breneman and Wiberg, in which atomic charges are fitted to reproduce the molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) at a number of points around the molecule. The charge calculation methods based o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21614781 |
CHELPG A number of alternative MESP charge schemes have been developed, such as those employing Connolly surfaces or geodesic point selection algorithms, in order to improve rotational invariance by increasing the point selection density and reducing anisotropies in the sampled points on the MESP surface. While is rest... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21614781 |
Alan Sargeson Alan McLeod Sargeson FAA FRS (30 October 1930 – 29 December 2008) was an Australian inorganic chemist. Sargeson was born at Armidale, New South Wales, Australia. He was educated at the University of Sydney and received his Ph.D. supervised by Francis Patrick Dwyer also at Sydney in 1956. His first academi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21621730 |
NIXT The NIXT, or Normal Incidence X-ray Telescope, was a sounding rocket payload flown in the 1990s by Professor Leon Golub of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, to prototype normal-incidence (conventional) optical designs in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) solar imaging. In the EUV, the surface of the Sun appears d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21625898 |
Gustav Budde-Lund Gustav Henrik Andreas Budde-Lund (11 January 1846 – 19 September 1911) was a Danish invertebrate zoologist. In 1868, he co-founded the "Entomologisk Forening", alongside Rasmus William Traugott Schlick, Carl August Møller, Andreas Haas and Ivar Frederik Christian Ammitzbøll. He was a student of entomo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21633243 |
Whole genome sequencing is ostensibly the process of determining the complete DNA sequence of an organism's genome at a single time. This entails sequencing all of an organism's chromosomal DNA as well as DNA contained in the mitochondria and, for plants, in the chloroplast. In practice, genome sequences that are nearl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing It is also known as WGS, full genome sequencing, complete genome sequencing, or entire genome sequencing. The DNA sequencing methods used in the 1970s and 1980s were manual, for example Maxam-Gilbert sequencing and Sanger sequencing. The shift to more rapid, automated sequencing methods in the 1... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing The first "multicellular" eukaryote, and animal, to have its whole genome sequenced was the nematode worm: "Caenorhabditis elegans" in 1998. Eukaryotic genomes are sequenced by several methods including Shotgun sequencing of short DNA fragments and sequencing of larger DNA clones from DNA librar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing Such samples may include saliva, epithelial cells, bone marrow, hair (as long as the hair contains a hair follicle), seeds, plant leaves, or anything else that has DNA-containing cells. The genome sequence of a single cell selected from a mixed population of cells can be determined using techniq... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing As sequencing projects began to take on longer and more complicated genomes, multiple groups began to realize that useful information could be obtained by sequencing both ends of a fragment of DNA. Although sequencing both ends of the same fragment and keeping track of the paired data was more c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing Applied Biosystems, now called Life Technologies, manufactured the automated capillary sequencers utilized by both Celera Genomics and The Human Genome Project. While capillary sequencing was the first approach to successfully sequence a nearly full human genome, it is still too expensive and ta... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing While analysis of WGS data can be slow, it is possible to speed up this step by using dedicated hardware. A number of public and private companies are competing to develop a full genome sequencing platform that is commercially robust for both research and clinical use, including Illumina, Knome,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing The technology allowed users to sequence 60 gigabases per run. In June 2009, Illumina announced that they were launching their own Personal Full Genome Sequencing Service at a depth of 30× for $48,000 per genome. In August, the founder of Helicos Biosciences, Stephen Quake, stated that using the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing However, in 2015 some noted that effective use of whole gene sequencing can cost considerably more than $1000. Also, reportedly there remain parts of the human genome that have not been fully sequenced by 2017. Full genome sequencing provides information on a genome that is orders of magnitude l... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing 35 mutations that would change the protein sequence between parent/child generations (less than one mutated protein per generation). In cancer, mutation frequencies are much higher, due to genome instability. This frequency can further depend on patient age, exposure to DNA damaging agents (such... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing In research, whole-genome sequencing can be used in a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) - a project aiming to determine the genetic variant or variants associated with a disease or some other phenotype. In 2009, Illumina released its first whole genome sequencers that were approved for clinic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing The 3Gb-TEST consortium has identified the analysis and interpretation of sequence data as the most complicated step in the diagnostic process. At the Consortium meeting in Athens in September 2014, the Consortium coined the word "genotranslation" for this crucial step. This step leads to a so-c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing Green, had previously led the REVEAL study — Risk Evaluation and Education for Alzheimer's Disease – a series of clinical trials exploring patient reactions to the knowledge of their genetic risk for Alzheimer's. In 2018, researchers at Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine in San Diego... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing The introduction of whole genome sequencing may have ethical implications. On one hand, genetic testing can potentially diagnose preventable diseases, both in the individual undergoing genetic testing and in their relatives. On the other hand, genetic testing has potential downsides such as gene... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing This information can further reveal useful predictive information about relatives' present and future health risks. Hence, there are important questions about what obligations, if any, are owed to the family members of the individuals who are undergoing genetic testing. In Western/European socie... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Whole genome sequencing Public discussion around the introduction of advanced forensic techniques (such as advanced familial searching using public DNA ancestry websites and DNA phenotyping approaches) has been limited, disjointed, and unfocused. As forensic genetics and medical genetics converge toward genome sequenci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21647820 |
Gametophore The word gametophore, also known as gametangiophore, is composed of gametangium and "phore" (Greek Φορά, "to be carried"). In moss and fern (Archegoniata) the gametophore is the bearer of the sex organs (gametangia), the female archegonia and the male antheridia. If both the archegonia and antheridia are ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21686918 |
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