text stringlengths 11 1.65k | source stringlengths 38 44 |
|---|---|
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens aim to elucidate the relationship between genotype and phenotype by ablating gene expression on a genome-wide scale and studying the resulting phenotypic alterations. The approach utilises the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system, coupled with libraries of single guide RNAs (sgRNAs),... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63202233 |
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens The production of RNAi libraries facilitated the application of this technology on a genome-wide scale, and RNAi-based methods became the predominant approach for genome-wide knockdown screens. Nevertheless, RNAi-based approaches to genome-wide knockdown screens have their limit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63202233 |
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens The versatility and programmability of Cas9, coupled with the low noise, high knockout efficiency and minimal off-target effects, have made CRISPR the platform of choice for many researchers engaging in gene targeting and editing. The clustered regularly interspaced short palind... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63202233 |
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens For example, sgRNAs are most efficient when targeting the coding regions of genes and not the 5’ and 3’ UTRs. Conserved exons present as attractive targets, and position relative to the transcription start site should be considered. Secondly, all the possible PAM sites are ident... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63202233 |
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens As of February 2020, the most widely used resources for genome-wide CRISPR knockout screens have been the two Genome-Scale CRISPR Knock-Out (GeCKO) libraries created by the Zhang lab. Available through addgene, these lentiviral libraries respectively target human and mouse exons... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63202233 |
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens These lentiviral vectors are able to efficiently transduce a broad range of cell types and stably integrate into the genome of dividing and non-dividing cells. Third generation lentiviral particles are produced by co-transfecting 293T human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells with: The... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63202233 |
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens In a pooled screen, cells grown in a single vessel are transduced in bulk with viral vectors collectively containing the entire sgRNA library. To ensure that the amount of cells infected by more than one sgRNA-containing particle is limited, a low multiplicity of infection (MOI)... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63202233 |
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens Several algorithms are currently available for this purpose, with the most popular being the Model-based Analysis of Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 Knockout (MAGeCK) method. Developed specifically for CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screens in 2014, MAGeCK demonstrated better performance compared... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63202233 |
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens Such screens have been used to identify cancer-essential genes in acute myeloid leukemia and neuroblastoma, and to describe tumour-specific differences between cancer cell lines. Targeted cancer therapies are designed to target the specific genes, proteins, or environments contr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63202233 |
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens Identification of such host proteins, also termed host dependency factors (HDFs), is particularly important for identifying therapeutic targets. Over recent years, many groups have successfully used genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 as a screening strategy for HDFs in viral infections. On... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63202233 |
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens " (2019), who noted that genes associated with asparaginase sensitivity failed to score in their genome-wide screen of asparaginase-resistant leukemia cells. If an appropriate library is not available, creating and amplifying a new sgRNA library is a lengthy process which may ta... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63202233 |
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens Less stringent cut-offs are used for hit selection, and additional sgRNAs are later used in a more specific secondary screen. This approach is demonstrated by Doench "et al". (2016), who found that >92% of genes recovered using the standard protocol were also recovered using few... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63202233 |
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens This means that rare phenotypes may be more difficult to identify, and only crude phenotypes can be selected for e.g. cell survival, proliferation, or reporter gene expression. Emerging technologies are aiming to combine pooled CRISPR screens with the detailed resolution of mass... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63202233 |
MNase-seq is one of four classes of methods used for assessing the status of the epigenome through analysis of chromatin accessibility. The other three techniques are DNase-seq, FAIRE-seq, and ATAC-seq. While is primarily used to sequence regions of DNA bound by histones or other chromatin-bound proteins, the other thr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63210872 |
MNase-seq In addition to being used to study chromatin structure, micrococcal nuclease digestion had been used in oligonucleotide sequencing experiments since its characterization in 1967. MNase digestion was additionally used in several studies to analyze chromatin-free sequences, such as yeast ("Saccharomyces cerevis... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63210872 |
MNase-seq elegans," accompanied by analyses through microarrays to determine which DNA regions were enriched with MNase-resistant nucleosomes. MNase-based microarray analyses were often utilized at genome-wide scales for yeast and in limited genomic regions in humans to determine nucleosome positioning, which could be ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63210872 |
MNase-seq In a typical experiment, eukaryotic cell nuclei are first isolated from a tissue of interest. Then, uses the endo-exonuclease micrococcal nuclease to bind and cleave protein-unbound regions of DNA of eukaryotic chromatin, first cleaving and resecting one strand, then cleaving the antiparallel strand as well. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63210872 |
MNase-seq Classical ChIP-seq displays issues with resolution quality, stringency in experimental protocol, and DNA fragmentation. Classical ChIP-seq typically uses sonication to fragment chromatin, which biases heterochromatic regions due to the condensed and tight binding of chromatin regions to each other. Unlike his... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63210872 |
MNase-seq This increased enrichment results in cost-effective high-resolution data. Single-cell micrococcal nuclease sequencing (scMNase-seq) is a novel technique that is used to analyze [[nucleosome]] positioning and to infer chromatin accessibility with the use of only a single-cell input. First, cells are sorted int... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63210872 |
MNase-seq At sufficient concentrations, DNase I is capable of digesting nucleosome-bound DNA to 10bp, whereas micrococcal nuclease cannot. Additionally, DNase-seq is used to identify DHSs, which are regions of DNA that are hypersensitive to DNase treatment and are often indicative of regulatory regions (e.g. [[Promoter... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63210872 |
MNase-seq Crosslinking may bind other chromatin-bound proteins that transiently interact with DNA, hence limiting the amount of non-crosslinked DNA that can be recovered and assayed from the aqueous phase. Thus, the overall resolution obtained from FAIRE-seq can be relatively lower than that of DNase-seq or and with th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63210872 |
MNase-seq ATAC-seq can also be completed within a few hours, whereas the other three techniques typically require overnight incubation periods. The two major disadvantages to ATAC-seq, in comparison to MNase-seq, are the requirement for higher sequencing coverage and the prevalence of mitochondrial contamination due to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63210872 |
Thermoneutral voltage In electrochemistry, a thermoneutral voltage is a voltage drop across an electrochemical cell which is sufficient not only to drive the cell reaction, but to also provide the heat necessary to maintain a constant temperature. For a reaction of the form The thermoneutral voltage is given by where f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63211357 |
Thermoneutral voltage The rate of delivery of heat is equal to formula_8 where "T" is the temperature (the standard temperature, in this case) and "dS/dt" is the rate of entropy production in the cell. At the thermoneutral voltage, this rate will be zero, which indicates that the thermoneutral voltage may be calculated... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63211357 |
Transition metal phosphinimide complexes are metal complexes that contain phosphinimide ligands of the general formula NPR (R = organic substituent). Several coordination modes have been observed, including terminal and various bridging geometries. In the terminal bonding mode the M-N=P core is usually linear but some ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63211888 |
Transition metal phosphinimide complexes Compared to Cp, the bulky substituents of the phosphinimide ligand are more distant from the metal, which increase the exposure of the metal centre to substrate. The less sterically crowded metal centre appears to be particularly susceptible to deactivation however. The precatal... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63211888 |
List of copper salts Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (from Latin: "cuprum") and the atomic number of 29. It is easily recognisable, due to its distinct red-orange color. Copper also has a range of different organic and inorganic salts, having varying oxidation states ranging from (0,I) to (III). These s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63213352 |
Andrée Marquet Andrée Marquet, born in 1934, is a French chemist specializing in organic chemistry and chemical biology, professor emeritus at the Pierre and Marie Curie University and correspondent at the French Academy of sciences since 1993. studied engineering at the École nationale supérieure de chimie de Paris, t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63215180 |
Andrée Marquet Between 1999 and 2003, she was a member of the Board of Directors of the Palais de la Découverte, and between 2007 and 2008, she was a member of the Board of Directors of the MENRT. 2011, member of the Ethics Committee of the CNRS. In 2002, she founded the "Chemistry and Society" Commission, within the F... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63215180 |
Andrée Marquet 1961: Eugène Schuëller Prize (ENSCP) 1971: prize of the Organic Chemistry Division of the French Chemical Society 1986: La Caze Prize of the French Academy of sciences and Berthelot Medal of the French Academy of sciences 1988: CNRS silver medal 1993: Corresponding member of the French Academy of science... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63215180 |
Lamb–Chaplygin dipole The model is a mathematical description for a particular inviscid and steady dipolar vortex flow. It is a non-trivial solution to the two-dimensional Euler equations. The model is named after Horace Lamb and Sergey Alexeyevich Chaplygin, who independently discovered this flow structure. A two-dime... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63216140 |
SnRNA-seq snRNA-seq, also known as single nucleus RNA sequencing, single nuclei RNA sequencing or sNuc-seq, is an RNA sequencing method for profiling gene expression in cells which are difficult to isolate, such as those from tissues that are archived or which are hard to be dissociated. It is an alternative to single ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63223403 |
SnRNA-seq Sequencing occurs as normal and the data can be analyzed as appropriate for its use. This basic snRNA-seq methodology is capable of profiling RNA from tissues that are preserved or cannot be dissociated, but it does not have high throughput capability due to its reliance on nuclei sorting by FACS. This techni... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63223403 |
SnRNA-seq The sequencing tools and equipment used in scRNA-seq can be used with modifications for snRNA-seq experiments. Illumina outlines a workflow for the basic snRNA-seq method which can be performed with existing equipment. DroNc-Seq can be accomplished with microfluidic platforms which are meant for the Drop-seq ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63223403 |
SnRNA-seq Additionally, the nuclei required for snRNA-seq can be obtained quickly and easily from fresh, lightly fixed, or frozen tissues, whereas isolating single cells for single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) involves extended incubations and processing. This gives researchers the ability to obtain transcriptomes which ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63223403 |
SnRNA-seq In 2019, Joshi et al used snRNA-seq in a human lung biology study in which they found snRNA-seq allowed unbiased identification of cell types from frozen healthy and fibrotic lung tissues. Adult mammalian heart tissue can be extremely hard to dissociate without damaging cells, which does not allow for easy se... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63223403 |
One-way wave equation A one-way wave equation is a [[partial differential equation], used in fields such as [[geophysics]] - whose solutions include only [[wave]]s that propagate in a single direction on one of the axes. In the one-dimensional case, the one-way wave equation allows the calculation of wave propagation w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63245755 |
One-way wave equation [[Factorization|Factoring]] the operator on the left side of the two-way wave equation yields a pair of one-way wave equations, one applying to forward propagation and the other to backward propagation. From the forward- and backward-travelling waves are described by, respectively, The one-way wav... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63245755 |
One-way wave equation For a wave propagation in the direction of formula_33 the unique solution follows formula_36 and vice versa for wave propation in formula_33 direction the respective solution is formula_38 [[Category:Geophysics]] [[Category:Wave mechanics]] [[Category:Acoustics]] [[Category:Sound]] [[Category:Cont... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63245755 |
1,6-Dioxecane-2,7-dione is a chemical described as a cyclic lactone or lactide, which is formed as an impurity in the manufacture of polymer resins and biodegradable polyesters. It is the cyclic dimer of GHB. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63247646 |
Transhalogenation (also: "halide metathesis") is a substitution reaction in which a halogen atom of a halogen compound is exchanged for another halogen atom, for example the reaction of an alkyl chloride to an alkyl fluoride by means of sodium fluoride: R-Cl + NaF → R-F + NaCl If the halogen compound is an organic comp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63252675 |
Extreme tribology refers to tribological situations under extreme operating conditions which can be related to high loads and/or temperatures, or severe environments. Also, they may be related to high transitory contact conditions, or to situations with near-impossible monitoring and maintenance opportunities. In gener... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63257483 |
Extreme tribology Examples of such applications can be found in the aerospace, mining, power generation, metalworking industries, and steel plants. In tribology, an application can be considered to operate at elevated temperatures when the use of conventional lubricants, i.e. oils and greases is no longer effective due... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63257483 |
Extreme tribology The fundamental difference that distinguishes micro/nano tribology from classical macro tribology is that micro/nano tribology considers the friction and wear of two objects in relative sliding whose dimensions range from micro-scales down to molecular and atomic scales. MEMS refer to micro-electromec... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63257483 |
Extreme tribology Vacuum not only radically affects the wear behavior of metals and alloys in contact, but also has a pronounced influence on nonmetals as well.. Different new kinds of materials are developed for potentially operating in vacuum environments. For instance, copper alloy CuZnPb and Ni(Si,Ti) alloys have e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63257483 |
Extreme tribology These contaminants readily form a grinding paste, causing failure of tribosystems and subsequently damaging of equipment. This type of contamination most frequently takes place when airborne or stagnant particles gain access to the lubrication system through open ports and hatches, especially in syste... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63257483 |
Metal cluster compound Metal cluster compounds are a molecular ion or neutral compound composed of three or more metals and featuring significant metal-metal interactions. The development of metal carbonyl clusters such as Ni(CO) and Fe(CO) led quickly to the isolation of Fe(CO) and Fe(CO). Rundle and Dahl discovered t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63262069 |
Metal cluster compound Transition metal halide clusters are prevalent for the heavier metals: Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, and Re. For the earliest metals Zr and Hf, interstitial carbide ligands are also common. One example is ZrCCl. One structure type features six terminal halides and 12 edge-bridging halides. This motif is... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63262069 |
Metal cluster compound In the area of bioinorganic chemistry, a variety of Fe-S clusters have also been identified that have CO as ligands. FeMoco, the active site of most nitrogenases, features a FeMoSC cluster. Zintl compounds feature naked anionic clusters that are generated by reduction of heavy main group "p" elem... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63262069 |
Metal cluster compound Elementoid clusters are ligand-stabilized clusters of metal atoms that possess more direct element-element than element-ligand contacts. Examples of structurally characterized clusters feature ligand stabilized cores of Al, Ga, and Pd. These clusters consist of at least two different (semi)metall... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63262069 |
Hemolithin is an iron and lithium-containing protein, found inside two CV3 meteorites, Allende and Acfer-086, and thought to be the first protein discovered that may be of extraterrestrial origin. The protein was detected by teams of scientists, led by biochemist Julie McGeoch, from Harvard University, and from the bio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63264796 |
Hemolithin A natural development of hemolithin may have started with glycine forming first, and then later linking with other glycine molecules into polymer chains, and later still, combining with iron and oxygen atoms. The iron and oxygen atoms reside at the end of the newly found molecule. The researchers speculate t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63264796 |
Hemolithin This converts the corresponding numbers of mass 57 glycine residues into mass 73 hydroxy glycine residues (MS pages 27 and 28)."" The possible finding of the hemolithin protein supports the notion that life on Earth may not have started on Earth after all, but may have come from outer space instead – a proce... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63264796 |
Hemolithin The horizontal arrow in the below shows, on the scale of the start of the Universe to the present, when could have formed and reformed. The research leading to the discovery of started in 2007 when another protein, one of the first to form on Earth, was observed to entrap water. That property being useful to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63264796 |
Diphoterine is a chemical solution used for the emergency treatment of chemical spills to the eyes and body. contains an amphoteric molecule, that is, a substance which is capable of reacting with both acids and alkalis. When applied to either type of chemical spill, the appropriate part of the molecule neutralises the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63280303 |
Edible gold is a particular type of gold authorized by the European Union and the United States as a food additive, under the code E 175. The precious metal can be used for culinary purposes as it can be safely consumed. It is widely used in the haute cuisine in a gastronomical trend towards extravagant and rich meals.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63280480 |
Edible gold The Egyptians used also the gold for mental, bodily and spiritual purification because they believed in the divine effects of the precious metal. The alchemists of Alexandria developed various medicine and elisir with drinkable gold, which they believed, had effects on restoring and rejuvenating the body. I... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63280480 |
Edible gold Gold is a noble metal and for this reason does not react inside our body. This means that it is not absorbed during the digestion process, so it is safe to eat. However, there are no nutritional or health benefits associated with its consumption. This type of gold must be 23-24 karats, which is different fr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63280480 |
Edible gold ”" Worldwide there are several manufacturers specialized in the production of edible gold. In Italy, for example, Giusto Manetti Battiloro S.p.a produces gold and silver leaf for both cuisine and beauty purposes; in the UK, one of the biggest suppliers of edible gold and silver is Conneisseur Gold with a cu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63280480 |
Edible gold can be used in mainly three different shapes to garnish foods and beverages: leaf-shaped, in flakes or in powder. Among the dishes and beverages in which edible gold is implemented there are cakes and sweet desserts, soups, pastas, risottos, sushi, cocktails and wines. Since it is used as tasteless garnish,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63280480 |
Edible gold Symbolism is the pivotal feature of edible gold consumption, since it is exclusively an aesthetic garnish. By decorating food with gold, chefs’ desire is that to provide a dish that can be quickly recognized as luxurious and extravagant, elevating the chef’s status to “culinary artist”. The importance of th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63280480 |
Edible gold * Nowadays, many chefs are including edible gold in their restaurants’ offer, among them: “Nusr-Et Steakhouse”, Dubai “Serendipity 3”, New York “ Margo’s Pizzeria”, Malta “Hard Rock Cafe’s”, New York, Times Square “ Il Marchesino”, Milan, chef: Gualtiero Marchesi (italian "risotto"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63280480 |
Monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) also known as benzene-1, 2-dicarboxylic acid is an organic compound with the condensed structural formula CHCHOOCCHCOOH. It is the major metabolite of butyl benzyl phthalate, more than monobutyl phthalate (MBP). Like many phthalates, MBP has attracted attention as a potential endocrine disru... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63288959 |
Marcy Zenobi-Wong is an American engineer and professor of Tissue Engineering and Biofabrication at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich). She is known for her work in the field of Tissue Engineering. Zenobi-Wong completed her undergraduate degree in mechanical engineering at the Massachusetts Institut... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63291291 |
Marcy Zenobi-Wong Zenobi-Wong currently serves as President of the Swiss Society for Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, and as secretary general of the International Society of Biofabrication. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63291291 |
Chemical Workers' Union (Finland) The Chemical Workers' Union (, KTL) was a trade union representing workers in the chemical industry in Finland. The union was founded in 1970, with the merger of the Finnish General Workers' Union and many workers from the General and Speciality Workers' Union. The new union affiliated... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63292069 |
Vanessa Allen Sutherland Vanessa Lorraine Allen Sutherland is a corporate lawyer and former chairperson of the U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB). Sutherland was born at Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington, D.C. She lived in Tantallon, Maryland, where she attended Queen Anne School. She gradua... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63303989 |
Vanessa Allen Sutherland In 2017, Sutherland was chairperson of the agency when the Trump administration attempted to defund the CSB for the 2018 United States federal budget. In March 2018, the Office of Management and Budget informed Sutherland that the Trump administration had again proposed to shut down the agency ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63303989 |
Stratingh Institute for Chemistry The is a research institute of the Faculty of Science and Engineering of the University of Groningen (The Netherlands). It is named after Sibrandus Stratingh, who is known for being the inventor of the first battery powered electric car. As of 2020, about 150 people (from over 30 natio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63321233 |
Keeper (chemistry) Keepers are substances (typically solvents, but sometimes adsorbent solids) added in relatively small quantities during an evaporative procedure in analytical chemistry, such as concentration of an analyte-solvent mixture by rotary evaporation. The purpose of a keeper is to reduce losses of a target ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63322305 |
National Chemical Emergency Centre The (NCEC) is a former UK government agency, now privately owned as part of Ricardo plc, providing information related to chemical accidents (spillages and fires) to emergency services in the United Kingdom and other countries. The NCEC is headquartered on the Harwell Science and Inno... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63326444 |
Julie Kovacs is an American chemist and academic. She is professor of chemistry at the University of Washington. Her research involves investigations into the function of non-heme iron enzymes and the mechanisms of oxygen-evolving complexes. She is Chair of the American Chemical Society Division on Inorganic Chemistry.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63326845 |
Julie Kovacs The small molecules include nitrogen and sulphur and a particular stereochemistry. Through synthesis of organic molecules with a variety of different molecular frameworks, Kovacs investigates their structure-property relationships and the reactivity of the resulting transition-metal complexes. Kovacs was e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63326845 |
Ideal electrode In electrochemistry, there are two types of ideal electrode, the ideal polarizable electrode and the ideal non-polarizable electrode. Simply put, the ideal polarizable electrode is characterized by charge separation at the electrode-electrolye boundary and is electrically equivalent to a capacitor, whil... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63339701 |
Ideal electrode The classical examples of the two nearly ideal types of electrodes, polarizable and non-polarizable, are the platinum electrode and the silver/silver chloride electrode, respectively. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63339701 |
Adiabatic electron transfer Adiabatic electron-transfer is the basis of oxidation-reduction processes, which are ubiquitous in nature in both the inorganic and biological spheres. The mechanism of these reactions—the simplest of which proceed without making or breaking chemical bonds—remained unknown until the mid 1950... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63340505 |
Adiabatic electron transfer Electron-transfer theories specify equations describing the rate of charge transfer processes that utilize these different charged states. All electrochemical reactions occur by this mechanism. Adiabatic electron-transfer theory stresses that intricately coupled to such charge transfer is th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63340505 |
Adiabatic electron transfer Here, light absorption directly leads to charge separation D-A. Hush's theory for this process considers the donor-acceptor coupling formula_1, the energy formula_4 required to rearrange the atoms from their initial geometry to the preferred local geometry and environment polarization of the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63340505 |
Adiabatic electron transfer Hush showed that the critical requirement for this phenomenon is Adiabatic electron-transfer theory stems from London's approach to charge-transfer and indeed general chemical reactions applied by Hush using parabolic potential-energy surfaces. Hush himself has carried out many theoretical a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63340505 |
Adiabatic electron transfer In both natural photosynthesis and in artificial solar-energy capture devices, formula_11 is maximized by minimiming formula_4 through use of large molecules like chlorophylls, pentacenes, and conjugated polymers. The coupling formula_1 can be controlled by controlling the distance "R" at wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63340505 |
Adiabatic electron transfer Marcus showed that the activation energy in Eqn. (3) reduces to formula_15 in the case of symmetric reactions with formula_16. In that work, he also derived what is the standard expression for the solvent contribution to the reorganization energy, making the theory readily applicable to prac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63340505 |
Adiabatic electron transfer This approach also leads to a simple explanation in terms of the orbital Rydbergization processes discovered by Mulliken as to why first-row elements like nitrogen have bond angles around the tetrahedral angles while later-row elements have very much larger angles. Adiabatic electron-transfe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63340505 |
Bert Poolman Berend (Bert) Poolman is a Dutch biochemist, as specialist in bioenergetics of microorganisms and membrane transport. He is a professor of Biochemistry at the University of Groningen and an elected member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) since 2009. Poolman is a pioneer in the f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63347153 |
Bert Poolman In 1993 Poolman has done a sabbatical at Transgene SA, Strasbourg (France). Thanks to a Fulbright fellowship, he was visiting professor in biochemistry at California Institute of Technology, Pasadena (USA) in 2003. Poolman has been Chair of the KNAW Earth and Life Sciences Board, and has been vice-chair of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63347153 |
Bert Poolman Highlights include: discovery of export of hydrophobic compounds from the inner leaflet of the lipid bilayer; elucidation of sensing and gating mechanism of ABC importers involved in cell volume regulation; single-molecule fluorescence studies to elucidate the mechanism of solute capture and translocation;... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63347153 |
Bert Poolman What tasks should a living cell minimally perform and how this can be accomplished with a minimal set of components? and (iii) the molecular mechanisms of membrane transport proteins: understanding the dynamics, energetics and mechanisms of solute transporters in the plasma membrane. Poolman has received n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63347153 |
John H. Wotiz John Henry Wotiz (12 April 1919 in Ostrava – 21 August 2001 in Morehead, Kentucky) was a Czech-American chemist in the areas of organic chemistry and chemical history. Wotiz began studying of chemical engineering at the Czech Technical University in Prague, but went to the USA with his brother in 1939 bec... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63349869 |
John H. Wotiz He was particularly committed to international exchange with Eastern Europe and was involved in comparative studies of chemical education in the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and Asia. He and his wife Kathryn died as a result of a car accident on August 21, 2001. In 1982 Wotiz received the Dexter Award, in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63349869 |
Julia A. Kornfield is a Professor of Chemical Engineering at the California Institute of Technology. Her research considers the development of mega-supramolecular systems for fuel additives and intraocular lenses. She was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2020. Kornfield was born in Oakland, California ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63352967 |
Julia A. Kornfield These investigations included quantitative observations of the dynamics of polymers and the local level; including the molecular level motions that determine their glass transition temperature. Kornfield has considered the orientation of block co-polymers, polymer liquid crystals and how polymer side... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63352967 |
Julia A. Kornfield Kornfield is the only woman to win the Society of Rheology Bingham Medal since it began in 1948. She spent 2018 as an academic visitor at the East China University of Science and Technology. Kornfield holds several patents for polymer processing and devices to tackle eye disease. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63352967 |
Cytokeratin 5/6 antibodies are antibodies that target both cytokeratin 5 and cytokeratin 6. These are used in immunohistochemistry, often called CK 5/6 staining, including the following applications: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63355855 |
Martin Geoffrey Low Martin Low FRS (27 July 1950 — 6 August 2013) was a molecular cell biologist who discovered GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol) membrane anchors in eukaryotic cells. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1996. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63363474 |
Selenium tetrabromide is an inorganic compound with a chemical formula SeBr. This yellowish or brownish crystal will produce selenous acid in wet air. could dissolve in carbon disulfide, chloroform and bromoethene. It could produce by mixing bromine and selenium elements: The compound is only stable under a bromine sat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63371375 |
Glossary of nanotechnology This glossary of nanotechnology is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to nanotechnology, its sub-disciplines, and related fields. For more inclusive glossaries concerning related fields of science and technology, see Glossary of chemistry terms, Glossary of physics, Glossary... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63399479 |
Waterborne resins are sometimes called water-based resins. They are resins or polymeric resins that use water as the carrying medium as opposed to solvent or solvent-less. Resins are used in the production of coatings, adhesives, sealants, elastomers and composite materials..When the phrase waterborne resin is used it ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63417066 |
Waterborne resins The use of water as the carrying solvent for coatings and hence resins has been increasing ever since. The same holds true for adhesives. Water is generally a low cost(but not free) commodity in plentiful supply with no toxicity problems so there has always been a desire to produce paints, inks, adhes... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63417066 |
Waterborne resins Polyaminoamides are made by reacting ethylene amines with dimerized fatty acids to give a species with amide links but still having amine functionality. Water is liberated during the condensation reaction. These resins can then be made water soluble by reacting further with glacial organic acids or ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63417066 |
Waterborne resins Typical components are vegetable oils or fatty acids such as linseed, soyabean, castor, dehydrated castor, safflower, tung, coconut and tall oil. Acids include isophthalic, terephthalic, adipic, benzoic, succinic acids and phthalic, maleic and trimellitic anhydride. Polyols include glycerol, pentaeryt... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63417066 |
Waterborne resins see also Polyester resin Saturated polyester resins contain many of the materials used in conventional alkyd resins but without the oil or fatty acid components. Typical components for these resins are poly carboxylic and polyhydroxyl components. The more commonly used polyacids are phthalic, isophtha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63417066 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.