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Conditioned place preference Mice lacking the noradrenaline transporter and serotonin transporter separately or at the same time demonstrated an enhanced conditioned place preference. No conditioned place preference was found in knockout mice lacking serotonin receptor 5-HT. Genetic knockouts of nicotinic receptor subu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20876681 |
Aminopolycarboxylic acid An aminopolycarboxylic acid (sometimes abbreviated APCA) is a chemical compound containing one or more nitrogen atoms connected through carbon atoms to two or more carboxyl groups. Aminopolycarboxylates that have lost acidic protons form strong complexes with metal ions. This property makes ami... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20878109 |
Aminopolycarboxylic acid The chelating properties of aminopolycarboxylates can be engineered by varying the groups linking the nitrogen atoms so as to increase selectivity for a particular metal ion. The number of carbon atoms between the nitrogen and carboxyl group can also be varied and substituents can be placed on ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20878109 |
Phenyldichloroarsine (data page) This page provides supplementary chemical data on Phenyldichloroarsine The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as SIRI, and follow its dire... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20881461 |
Jan C. A. Boeyens (1934-2015) was a South African chemist and educator. Boeyens was educated at the University of Pretoria. He worked at the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research of South Africa and at Stanford University. He became a professor of chemistry at the University of the Witwatersrand and Extraordin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20882034 |
Jan C. A. Boeyens He attended the University of Pretoria from 1963 to 1964 and obtained a DSc (with Honours) (Physical and Theoretical Chemistry). His postdoctoral studies were at Stanford University from 1965 to 1966 where he was a Research Associate: Physical Chemistry. He worked at the National Institute for Metallu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20882034 |
Jan C. A. Boeyens In 2005 he was appointed Extraordinary Professor at the Centre for Advancement of Scholarship, University of Pretoria. Boeyens married Martha Hunter in 1960. They had three children, Jan, Aletta and Larisa. He died on 28 August 2015 in Broederstroom, North West, South Africa after returning home from ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20882034 |
Jan C. A. Boeyens His book "Number Theory and the Periodicity of Matter" (co-authored with Demetrius C. Levendis) references the work of Peter Plichta. In it they try to replace modern quantum physics with elementary number theory, but unlike Plichta they do not question the general theory of relativity: It is a myth t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20882034 |
The Plutonium Files The Plutonium Files: America's Secret Medical Experiments in the Cold War is a 1999 book by Eileen Welsome. It is a history of United States government-engineered radiation experiments on unwitting Americans, based on the Pulitzer Prize-winning series Welsome wrote for "The Albuquerque Tribune". The... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20885401 |
The Plutonium Files In Nashville, pregnant women were given radioactive mixtures. In Cincinnati, some 200 patients were irradiated over a period of 15 years. In Chicago, 102 people received injections of strontium and caesium solutions. In Massachusetts, 57 developmentally disabled children were fed oatmeal laced with ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20885401 |
The Plutonium Files Simpson case, when much of the media's attention was directed elsewhere. Jonathan D. Moreno was a senior staff member of the committee. He wrote the 1999 book "Undue Risk: Secret State Experiments on Humans", which covers some of the same ground as "The Plutonium Files". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20885401 |
Regius Professor of Chemistry (Glasgow) The Regius Chair of Chemistry at the University of Glasgow was founded in 1817 by King George III, who also established the Regius Chairs of Surgery and Natural History at the university. The chair originated from a lectureship in chemistry, established in 1747. The first Profess... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20885546 |
Levich equation The models the diffusion and solution flow conditions around a rotating disk electrode (RDE). It is named after Veniamin Grigorievich Levich who first developed an RDE as a tool for electrochemical research. It can be used to predict the current observed at an RDE, in particular, the gives the height of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20886466 |
Clavam Clavams are a class of antibiotics. They are similar to penams, but with an oxygen substituted for the sulfur. Thus, they are also known as oxapenams. An example is clavulanic acid, from which this compound class receives its name. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20886480 |
Nicholas A. Peppas Nicholas (Nikolaos) A. Peppas (; born in Athens, Greece on August 25, 1948) is a chemical and biomedical engineer whose leadership in biomaterials science and engineering, drug delivery, bionanotechnology, pharmaceutical sciences, chemical and polymer engineering has provided seminal foundations base... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20887787 |
Nicholas A. Peppas Before 2002, he was the Showalter Distinguished Professor of Biomedical Engineering and Professor of Chemical Engineering at Purdue University. Peppas is a leading researcher, inventor and pacesetter in the field of drug delivery and controlled release, a field that he developed into a mature area of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20887787 |
Nicholas A. Peppas Tirrell of the California Institute of Technology, Rakesh Jain of Harvard, Robert Langer of MIT, and his former students Antonios Mikos of Rice University and Kristi Anseth of the University of Colorado). He has received honorary doctorates from the University of Ghent (Belgium, 1999), the University... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20887787 |
Nicholas A. Peppas Peppas was Editor of the leading biomaterials science journal Biomaterials from 1982 to 2002, an Associate Editor of the AIChE Journal, from 2009-2012, Editor-in-Chief of the Wiley/SFB Biomaterials Book Series (2006-2014), an Associate Editor of Biomedical Microdevices, a Consulting Editor of Pharmac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20887787 |
Nicholas A. Peppas He has been a Visiting Professor at the University of Geneva, University of Paris-Sud (Orsay/Chatenay-Malabry), University of Parma, University of Pavia, University of Naples Federico II, Free University of Berlin, University of Santiago de Compostela, Complutense University of Madrid, Hoshi Universi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20887787 |
Nicholas A. Peppas Similarly, he developed the theoretical framework for the analysis of transport through crosslinked biomaterials (the Peppas-Reinhart theory), ionic hydrogels (the Brannon-Peppas theory), and gel-tissue interactions via tethers (the Huang-Peppas theory and the Sahlin-Peppas equation). For the profoun... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20887787 |
Nicholas A. Peppas In 1979 his group pioneered the use of hydrogels in drug delivery applications, including epidermal bioadhesive systems and systems for the release of theophylline, proxyphylline, diltiazem, and oxprenolol. Peppas' lab has developed new technologies of oral delivery systems for insulin and other prot... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20887787 |
Nicholas A. Peppas He is the coauthor or coeditor of 37 books, including the three-volume "Hydrogels in Medicine and Pharmacy" (CRC Press, 1987), the monograph "Pulsatile Drug Delivery" (WSGS, Stuttgart, 1993), two books on Biopolymers (Springer, 1994), the monograph "Molecular and Cellular Foundations of Biomaterials"... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20887787 |
Nicholas A. Peppas Among the numerous graduates from his laboratories, there are some of the leaders of drug delivery, biomaterials, bionanotechnology, polymer science and pharmaceutical sciences including the NAE, NAS and IOM member, and HHMI Investigator Kristi Anseth of the University of Colorado; the NAE/IOM member... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20887787 |
Nicholas A. Peppas a, Davis, Yanbin Huang of the Tsinghua University, Mark Byrne of Rowan University, Lisa Shieh of Stanford University Medical School, MyungCheon Lee of the Dongguk University of Korea, Eurand award recipient Ruggero Bettini of the University of Parma, Italy, Esmaiel Jabbari of the University of South ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20887787 |
Nicholas A. Peppas in Chemical Engineering. They have two children, Katherine and Alexander. They reside in Austin, Texas. Peppas' extracurricular activities include writing about the history of chemical engineering, opera, history and other subjects. He has published books and review articles on the subject. His revie... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20887787 |
Force lines method is used in Solid Mechanics for visualization of internal forces in a deformed body. A force line represents graphically the internal force acting within a body across imaginary internal surfaces. The force lines show the maximal internal forces and their directions. The procedure for determining the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20888413 |
Force lines The force lines pictures are used for 1) Analysis of stress concentration (Figure1 and Figure 2): the number of the force lines increases in areas with stress concentration. 2) Optimization of structures: reinforcing the structure in the areas with concentration of force lines and deleting the components wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20888413 |
Descaling agent A descaling agent or chemical descaler is a chemical substance used to remove limescale from metal surfaces in contact with hot water, such as in boilers, water heaters, and kettles. Descaling agents are typically acidic compounds such as hydrochloric acid that react with the alkaline carbonate compound... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20889146 |
Uranium in Africa Uranium production is an important part of the African economy, with Niger, Namibia, Libya and South Africa creating up to 18% of the world's annual production. Many African countries produce uranium or have untapped uranium ore deposits. Several closed uranium mines exist in Gabon. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20892196 |
Olszewski tube An is a pipe designed to bring oxygen-poor water from the bottom of a lake to the top. This tube was first proposed by a Polish limnologist named Przemysław Olszewski in 1961 and helps combat the negative effects of eutrophication, high nutrient content, in lakes. The basic concept behind the is the redu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20895158 |
Olszewski tube This eventually helps the lake as a whole because the bottom of the lake will have more dissolved oxygen and the top of the lake will have less eutrophication. The first implementation of the was attempted at Lake Kortowo in Poland and this led to oligotrophication, reduction of nutrient cycling. This tu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20895158 |
Olszewski tube Also, it must be a slow process in order to avoid disrupting the thermocline in a lake. If the is operated slowly enough, the rate of water going in and going out will be fairly constant causing the thermocline to stay intact. One advantage to hypolimnetic withdrawal is that it is relatively inexpensive ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20895158 |
Annales de chimie et de physique (French for "Annals of Chemistry and of Physics") is a scientific journal that was founded in Paris, France, in 1789 under the title "Annales de chimie". One of the early editors was the French chemist Antoine Lavoisier. Lavoisier, an aristocrat, was guillotined in May 1794, ostensibly ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20899811 |
Reichstein process The in chemistry is a combined chemical and microbial method for the production of ascorbic acid from D-glucose that takes place in several steps. This process was devised by Nobel Prize winner Tadeusz Reichstein and his colleagues in 1933 while working in the laboratory of the ETH in Zürich. The rea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20902402 |
Marchywka effect The refers to electrochemical cleaning of diamond using an electric field induced with remote electrodes. It was first observed by accident by Mike Marchywka while trying to find a selective means to etch non-diamond carbon and fabricate simple astronomical UV detection devices. These devices required ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20914049 |
Marchywka effect The apparatus to create the effect is similar to the well-known electroporation system except that the biological specimen is replaced with an inorganic substrate, although, in some cases, organic films can be etched with this process using a surfactant solution as the electrolyte. As a "non-contact" p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20914049 |
Marchywka effect This may be desirable for making various devices, or simply studying the properties of the diamond surface. The induced field deposits or replaces a single layer of some molecule and this could be thought of as a monolayer electroplating method. It has been elucidated in more fully in many works. Many ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20914049 |
Marchywka effect The method does not require the use of non-volatile materials such as chrome, possibly reducing contamination problems in some applications. The ability to control the etching direction and speed with an applied voltage or electrode configuration, as with electrochemical machining, gives additional cap... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20914049 |
Marchywka effect It has also been considered in contexts such as carbon microelectromechanical systems production and different materials applications, for example with non-contacted palladium deposition and extensions. While not citing Marchywka et al.'s original paper, these continue to cite non-contactedness as a fe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20914049 |
Relativistic heat conduction refers to the modelling of heat conduction (and similar diffusion processes) in a way compatible with special relativity. This article discusses models using a wave equation with a dissipative term. Ali and Zhang claim their model of relativistic heat conduction is the only one compatible w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20916902 |
Relativistic heat conduction The Laplace operator,formula_2, is defined in Cartesian coordinates as This Fourier equation can be derived by substituting Fourier’s linear approximation of the heat flux vector, q, as a function of temperature gradient, into the first law of thermodynamics where the del operator, ∇, is de... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20916902 |
Relativistic heat conduction Mathematically, it is the same as the telegrapher's equation, which is derived from Maxwell’s equations of electrodynamics. For the HHC equation to remain compatible with the first law of thermodynamics, it is necessary to modify the definition of heat flux vector, q, to where formula_12 is... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20916902 |
Relativistic heat conduction Consequently, Fourier’s equation can be upgraded to 4D as which is called the relativistic heat conduction equation. Likewise, the definition of the heat-flux vector, q, is upgraded to the 4D form as It can be shown that this definition of q is compatible with the first law of thermodynamic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20916902 |
Relativistic heat conduction However, RHC raises some significant conceptual challenges: In summary, while the RHC is mathematically simple and elegant, and experimentally practical and relevant, it raises a number of conceptual issues that are highly controversial. The RHC theory is applicable for any physical problem... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20916902 |
Diagnosis Mercury Diagnosis Mercury: Money, Politics and Poison is a 2008 book by Jane Hightower. The book explains that mercury is a poison and that the majority of mercury in the environment comes from coal-fired power plants. But the book is mainly concerned with human exposure from the eating of large predatory fis... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20932260 |
Copper bromide can refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20936493 |
Mercury bromide can refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20936513 |
4-MBC may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20937793 |
Acetylenic In organic chemistry, the term acetylenic designates | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20943074 |
Bridge scour is the removal of sediment such as sand and gravel from around bridge abutments or piers. Scour, caused by swiftly moving water, can scoop out "scour holes", compromising the integrity of a structure. In the United States, bridge scour is one of the three main causes of bridge failure (the others being col... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20943440 |
Bridge scour Debris might also shift the entire channel around the bridge causing increased water flow and scour in another location. The most frequently encountered bridge scour problems usually involve loose alluvial material that can be easily eroded. However, one should not assume that total scour in cohesive or ce... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20943440 |
Bridge scour The former are usually of most interest to laboratory studies. Cohesive materials require special techniques and are poorly researched. The first major issue when considering scour is the distinction between "clear-water" scour and "live-bed" scour. The critical issue here is whether or not the mean bed sh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20943440 |
Bridge scour The equilibrium scour depth is achieved when material is transported into the scour hole at the same rate at which it is transported out. Typically the maximum equilibrium clear-water scour is about 10% larger than the equilibrium live-bed scour. Conditions that favour clear water scour are: It is possible... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20943440 |
Bridge scour For instance, if an alluvial channel is straightened, widened or altered in any other way that results in an increased flow-energy condition, the channel will tend back towards a lower energy state by degrading upstream, widening and aggrading downstream. The significance of degradation scour to bridge des... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20943440 |
Bridge scour In general, the smaller the opening ratio the larger the waterway velocity and the greater the potential for scour. If the flow contracts from a wide floodplain, considerable scour and bank failure can occur. Relatively severe constrictions may require regular maintenance for decades to combat erosion. It ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20943440 |
Bridge scour Information is recorded about the type of rock or sediment carried by the river, and the angle at which the river flows toward and away from the bridge. The area under the bridge is also inspected for holes and other evidence of scour. Bridge examination begins by office investigation. The history of the b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20943440 |
Bridge scour The design guideline numbering in the following table indicates the HEC-23 design guideline chapter. Bend way weirs, spurs and guide banks can help to align the upstream flow while riprap, gabions, articulated concrete blocks and grout filled mattresses can mechanically stabilize the pier and abutment slop... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20943440 |
Bridge scour They are usually used on unstable stream channels to help redirect stream flow to more desirable locations through the bridge. The insertion of piles or deeper footings is also used to help strengthen bridges. Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 18 Manual (HEC-18) was published by the Federal Highway Admini... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20943440 |
Bridge scour This can lead to overly conservative design values for scour in low risk or non-critical hydrologic conditions. Thus, equation improvements are continued to be made in an effort to minimize the underestimation and overestimation of scour. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20943440 |
Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate (HDP) is a modified resistant starch. It is currently used as a food additive (INS number 1442). It is approved for use in the European Union (listed as E1442), the United States, Australia, Taiwan, and New Zealand. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20945491 |
Trimethylolethane trinitrate (TMETN), also known as metriol trinitrate (METN, MTN, METRTN) or nitropentaglycerin, is a nitrate ester. It is a high explosive similar to nitroglycerin. It is a transparent oily liquid, colorless to light brown. It is odorless. It is used in some solid propellants and smokeless powders as ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20945543 |
Triethylene glycol dinitrate (TEGDN) is a nitrated alcohol ester of triethylene glycol. It is used as an energetic plasticizer in explosives and propellants. Its chemical formula is ON-O-CHCH-O-CHCH-O-CHCH-O-NO. It is a pale yellow oily liquid. It is somewhat similar to nitroglycerin. TEGDN is often used together with ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20945837 |
Ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid (E-EPA, icosapent ethyl) is a medication used to treat hypertriglyceridemia. It is used in combination with changes in diet in adults with hypertriglyceridemia ≥ 150 mg/dL. It is made from the omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20949899 |
Ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid It appears that both eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) lower triglycerides, however, DHA alone appears to raise low-density lipoprotein (the variant which drives atherosclerosis; sometimes very inaccurately called: "bad cholesterol") and LDL-C values (always only a c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20949899 |
Ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid E-EPA has not been tested in pregnant women and is rated pregnancy category C; it is excreted in breast milk and the effects on infants are not known. After ingestion, E-EPA is metabolized to EPA. EPA is absorbed in the small intestine and enters circulation. Peak plasma concentration occurs... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20949899 |
Ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid E-EPA was the second fish-oil drug to be approved, after omega-3 acid ethyl esters (GlaxoSmithKline's Lovaza which was approved in 2004) and sales were not as robust as Amarin had hoped. The labels for the two drugs were similar, but doctors prescribed Lovaza for people who had triglycerides... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20949899 |
Ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid Patients must also have either established cardiovascular disease or diabetes and two or more additional risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Icosapent ethyl is the first FDA approved drug to reduce cardiovascular risk among patients with elevated triglyceride levels as an add-on to maxi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20949899 |
Argonne–Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center The (ANSER Center) is a joint research program between the Argonne National Laboratory and Northwestern University. Michael R. Wasielewski, Professor of Chemistry at Northwestern founded the ANSER center in 2007 and is its current director. The center's goal is to devel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20951850 |
Argonne–Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center The center plans to achieve this vision by designing and synthesizing new nanoscale architectures and studying them to deepen the understanding of basic solar energy conversion phenomena. The union of synthesis, measurement, theory, and engineering will allow ANSER to c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20951850 |
Argonne–Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center ANSER holds joint summer programs with NCLT in the area of undergraduate solar cell and nanotechnology research, professional development, summer research for science teachers, and year-round research with faculty members from partnering minority institutions. Web-based... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20951850 |
Polyvinyl acetate phthalate (PVAP) is a commonly used polymer phthalate in the formulation of pharmaceuticals, such as the enteric coating of tablets or capsules. It is a vinyl acetate polymer that is partially hydrolyzed and then esterified with phthalic acid. Its main use in pharmaceutics is with enteric formulations... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20953486 |
Zirconium chloride refers to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20955367 |
Molybdenum chloride can refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20955504 |
Niobium chloride may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20955644 |
Colloidal crystal A colloidal crystal is an ordered array of colloid particles and fine grained materials analogous to a standard crystal whose repeating subunits are atoms or molecules. A natural example of this phenomenon can be found in the gem opal, where spheres of silica assume a close-packed locally periodic str... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20957502 |
Colloidal crystal The origins of colloidal crystals go back to the mechanical properties of bentonite sols, and the optical properties of Schiller layers in iron oxide sols. The properties are supposed to be due to the ordering of monodisperse inorganic particles. Monodisperse colloids, capable of forming long-range or... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20957502 |
Colloidal crystal The use of a large number of the same proteins to build a protective shell is consistent with the limited length of RNA or DNA content. It has been known for many years that, due to repulsive Coulombic interactions, electrically charged macromolecules in an aqueous environment can exhibit long-range c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20957502 |
Colloidal crystal Observations of the interparticle separation distance has shown a decrease on ordering. This led to a re-evaluation of Langmuir's beliefs about the existence of a long-range attractive component in the interparticle potential. Colloidal crystals have found application in optics as photonic crystals. P... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20957502 |
Colloidal crystal The principal mechanical characteristics and structures of biological ceramics, polymer composites, elastomers, and cellular materials are being re-evaluated, with an emphasis on bioinspired materials and structures. Traditional approaches focus on design methods of biological materials using conventi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20957502 |
Colloidal crystal The role of the ordered phase as an elastic colloidal solid has been evidenced by the elastic (or reversible) deformation due to the force of gravity. This deformation can be quantified by the distortion of the lattice parameter, or inter-particle spacing. Periodic ordered lattices behave as linear vi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20957502 |
Colloidal crystal However, hard-sphere single crystals (size 3 mm) have been obtained from a sample in a concentration regime that would remain in the liquid state in the absence of a temperature gradient. Using a single colloidal crystal, phonon dispersion of the normal modes of vibration modes were investigated using... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20957502 |
Colloidal crystal The former might be considered analogous to a homogeneous nucleation event—whereas the latter would clearly be considered a heterogeneous nucleation event, being catalyzed by the surface of the glass tube. Small-angle laser light scattering has provided information about spatial density fluctuations o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20957502 |
Colloidal crystal Two-dimensional (thin film) semi-ordered lattices have been studied using an optical microscope, as well as those collected at electrode surfaces. Digital video microscopy has revealed the existence of an equilibrium hexatic phase as well as a strongly first-order liquid-to-hexatic and hexatic-to-soli... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20957502 |
Colloidal crystal Crystalline thin-films from non-spherical colloids were produced using convective assembly techniques. Colloid shapes included dumbbell, hemisphere, disc, and sphero-cylinder shapes. Both purely crystalline and plastic crystal phases could be produced, depending on the aspect ratio of the colloidal pa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20957502 |
Colloidal crystal Residual hollow honeycomb structures provide a relative index of refraction (ratio of matrix to air) sufficient for selective filters. Variable index liquids or liquid crystals injected into the network alter the ratio and band gap. Such frequency-sensitive devices may be ideal for optical switching a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20957502 |
Colloidal crystal Molecular crystals, liquid crystals, colloids, micelles, emulsions, phase-separated polymers, thin films and self-assembled monolayers all represent examples of the types of highly ordered structures which are obtained using these techniques. The distinguishing feature of these methods is self-organiz... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20957502 |
NERV (reactor) The NERV (natural endogenous respiration vessel) is a specialised bioreactor, designed to operate under high and varying load and flow conditions. The NERV system allows the bacteria cultures within the reactor to be controlled both by type and volume. Fresh bacteria are bred and cultured outside of the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20958591 |
NERV (reactor) Some food plants alternate their wash downs to be acidic and basic to avoid build up of resistant organisms, a properly set-up NERV reactor can deal with this variation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20958591 |
Fixation agent A fixation agent is a chemical that is capable to fixate one substance to another substance that the first substance have little affinity to. In pulp and paper production fixation agents are used to fixate pitch or stickies to the paper fibers to transport the problems out of the production process and h... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20973517 |
Detackifier A detackifier is a process chemical that is used for reducing tackiness of other substances. Spraying paint and paper making are processes where inputs may need to be detackified or "denatured". Spray painting with solvent-based or water-based paint creates paint overspray, a waste material that must be eff... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20973731 |
Detackifier A curtain of circulating water is maintained across the path of the air in such a way that the air must pass through the water curtain to reach the exhaust fans. As the air passes through the water curtain, the paint mist is “scrubbed” from the air and carried to a sump basin (sludge pit), usually located b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20973731 |
Detackifier These two attributes, softness and hydrophobicity are easy to observe when one pinches some talcum powder and then releases it onto the surface of water in a sink. In addition to talc, there are a number of proprietary chemical products that also are marketed as detackifiers. The common feature of these che... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20973731 |
Retention agent A retention agent is a process chemical that improves the retention of a functional chemical in a substrate. The result is that totally less chemicals are used to get the same effect of the functional chemical and fewer chemicals go to waste. Retention agents (retention aids) are used in the papermaking... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20973916 |
Paint adhesion testing In the paint and coating industries, paint adhesion testing is often used to determine if the paint or coating will adhere properly to the substrates to which they are applied. There are several different tests to measure the resistance of paints and coatings from substrates: cross-cut test, scra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20976615 |
Paint adhesion testing The force that is applied gradually increases and is monitored until a plug of coating is detached, or a previously specified value is reached. The cross-cut test is a method for determining the resistance of paints and coatings to separation from substrates by utilizing a tool to cut a right ang... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20976615 |
Bulging factor is an engineering term describing the geometry of out-of plane deformations of the surface of a crack on a pressurized fuselage structure. It is used in evaluating the damage tolerance of airframe fuselages. The single curved geometry and pressure differential causes a longitudinal crack to bulge out or ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20978769 |
Carbon (journal) Carbon is a scientific journal published by Elsevier. According to the journal's website, "Carbon publishes papers that deal with original research on carbonaceous solids with an emphasis on graphene-based materials. These materials include, but are not limited to, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers and f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20980387 |
Operation Geranium was a U.S. Army mission that dumped more than 3,000 tons of the chemical agent lewisite into the ocean off the Florida coast in 1948. occurred from 15 – 20 December 1948 and involved the dumping of approximately 3,150 tons of stockpiled lewisite into the Atlantic Ocean. "Geranium" was so called becau... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20993202 |
Colloidal silica Colloidal silicas are suspensions of fine amorphous, nonporous, and typically spherical silica particles in a liquid phase. The surface of colloidal silica in contact with water is covered by siloxane bonds (≡Si–O–Si≡) and silanol groups (≡Si–OH). This makes colloidal silica very hydrophilic and capabl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20994724 |
Colloidal silica The colloidal suspension is stabilized by pH adjustment and then concentrated, usually by evaporation. The maximum concentration obtainable depends on the particle size. For example, 50 nm particles can be concentrated to greater than 50 wt% solids while 10 nm particles can only be concentrated to appr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20994724 |
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