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Voice break generally refers to transitions between different vocal registers of the human voice. Although singing is mostly done using the modal register, it is important for more professional singers to be able to smoothly move between different vocal registers. Professional singers refer to this break as the Passaggio. Unintentional voice breaks are called a voice crack. may also refer to the deepening of the male voice during puberty, known as the voice change. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41020238 |
Serang virus (SERV) is a single-stranded, negative-sense, enveloped, novel RNA orthohantavirus. SERV was first isolated from the Asian house rat ("R.Tanezumi") in Serang, Indonesia in 2008. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial L, M and S segment nucleotide sequences show SERV is novel and distinct among the hantaviruses. It is most closely related to Thailand virus (THAIV) which is carried by the great bandicoot rat (Bandicota indica). Nucleotide sequence comparison suggests that SERV is the result of cross-species transmission from bandicoots to Asian rats. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41024711 |
Bafinivirus is a genus in the subfamily "Piscanivirinae". It contains two species, one being "White bream virus" (WBV) which was isolated from white bream in Germany. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41029030 |
White bream virus is a species of virus. It is the sole species in the subgenus Blicbavirus, which is in the genus "Bafinivirus". It was first isolated from white bream ("Blicca bjoerkna") in Germany. It is a bacilliform (rod-shaped) positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41029065 |
Cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV) is a virus that infects marine mammals in the order Cetacea, which includes dolphins, porpoises and whales. Three genetically distinct strains have been identified: dolphin morbillivirus (DMV), pilot whale morbillivirus (PWMV) and porpoise morbillivirus (PMV). Symptoms of infection are often a severe combination of pneumonia, encephalitis and damage to the immune system, which greatly impair the cetacean's ability to swim and stay afloat unassisted. Since its discovery in 1987, CeMV has been responsible for numerous epizootics of mass mortality in cetacean populations. Epizootics of CeMV can be easily identified by a significant increase in the number of "stranded" cetaceans on beaches and shores. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41030695 |
Thermotoga lettingae is a thermophilic, anaerobic, non-spore-forming, motile and Gram-negative bacterium, with type strain TMO. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41048911 |
Thermotoga subterranea is a thermophilic, anaerobic, non-spore-forming, motile and Gram-negative bacterium, with type strain SL1. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41048919 |
Thermotoga petrophila is a hyperthermophilic, anaerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped fermentative heterotroph, with type strain RKU-1. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41048932 |
Fervidobacterium gondwanense is a species of thermophilic anaerobic bacteria. It is non-sporulating, motile, gram-negative, and rod-shaped. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41049134 |
Fervidobacterium changbaicum is a species of thermophilic anaerobic bacteria. It is non-sporulating, motile, gram-negative, and rod-shaped. The type strain is CBS-1(T) (=DSM 17883(T) =JCM 13353(T)). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41049147 |
National Weather Service Boston, Massachusetts The National Weather Service Boston/Norton, Massachusetts, is a local office of the National Weather Service (NWS), run under the auspices of the NWS's Eastern Region. This weather forecast office (WFO) is responsible for monitoring weather conditions throughout most of southern New England. The southern New England weather forecast office provides warning and forecast services for most of Massachusetts, Northern Connecticut, all of Rhode Island, and Cheshire and Hillsborough counties in southern New Hampshire. However, Cheshire and Hillsborough counties in New Hampshire were transferred to the NWS WFO in Gray, Maine, effective 8 am EST on December 3, 2014. Besides public weather services, WFO Norton (BOX) provides marine, aviation, fire weather, and hydrological forecast services. Additional hydrologic information is provided by the co-located Northeast River Forecast Center (NERFC). Although it serves Boston and the surrounding areas, the WFO is actually located at Norton, a city in Bristol County, which is located around south of Boston. Public warnings and forecasts are issued for thirty-eight "zones" (which are counties or portions of counties) across portions of New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and all of Rhode Island. Warnings are issued for a wide range of phenomena that include tornadoes, severe thunderstorms, flash floods, coastal floods, high winds, and winter storms. Public forecasts cover a range from the next few hours to the next seven days | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41050078 |
National Weather Service Boston, Massachusetts The WFO BOX also issues marine forecasts, warnings, and advisories for the coastal waters from the Merrimack River in Massachusetts to Watch Hill, Rhode Island. The aviation community is also served by the WFO BOX. In addition to Logan International Airport, this WFO prepares aviation forecasts for eight other airports across southern New England. Fire weather forecasts are also generated from WFO BOX for the southern New England. These forecasts are used by federal and local agencies that deal with brush fire control. Other types of information issued from WFO BOX include short-term forecasts, weather summaries, special weather statements, and river stage conditions. Information from this office is sent out by high-speed computer circuits, and they become available to a wide range of users, including media such as television, radio, newspapers, and internet-based weather providers. The greater Boston area is rich in meteorological history. The official weather records for the city of Boston go back to October 20, 1870, at the Old State House Building on State and Devonshire Streets. Weather records began being kept at the airport, then known as the Boston Airport, in October 1926. The office and river forecasting office moved to a new location in Norton on March 20, 2018. The radar remains at its previous location in Taunton | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41050078 |
National Weather Service Boston, Massachusetts The National Weather Service Boston, Massachusetts, forecast office, based in Taunton, Massachusetts, provides programming for seven NOAA Weather Radio stations in Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41050078 |
String phenomenology is a branch of theoretical physics that attempts to construct realistic or semi-realistic models of particle physics based on string theory. The term "realistic" is usually taken to mean that the low energy limit of string theory yields a model which bears a resemblance to the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41067118 |
Sentinel cell Sentinel cells refer to cells in the body's "first line of defense", which embed themselves in tissues such as skin. Sentinel cells can refer to specific antigen-presenting cells, such as: Sentinel cells can also refer to cells that are normally not specialized antigen-presenting cells such as: Sometimes tissue cells not part of the immune system such as are also referred to as Sentinel cells: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41069142 |
Influenza A virus subtype H6N1 (A/H6N1), is a subtype of the influenza A virus. It has only infected one person, a woman in Taiwan, who recovered. Known to infect Eurasian teal, it is closely related to subtype H5N1. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41081248 |
Time domain electromagnetics In physics and mathematics, time domain electromagnetics refers to one of two general groups of techniques (in mathematics, often called "ansätze") that describe electromagnetic wave motion. In contrast with frequency domain electromagnetics, which are based on the Fourier or Laplace transform, time domain keeps time as an explicit independent variable in descriptive equations or wave motion. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41110491 |
Enterobacteria phage T6 is a bacteriophage strain that infects "Escherichia coli" bacteria. It was one bacteriophage that was used as a model system in the 1950s in exploring the methods viruses replicate, along with the other "T-even bacteriophages" (which build up virus species "Escherichia virus T4", a member of genus "T4virus" according to ICTV nomenclature): Enterobacteria phage T2, Enterobacteria phage T4 and Enterobacteria phage T2. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41111149 |
Sharonov (Martian crater) Sharonov is an impact crater in the Lunae Palus quadrangle of Mars, located at . It is in diameter and was named after Vsevolod V. Sharonov, a Russian astronomer (1901-1964). Sharonov is situated within the outflow channel system Kasei Valles, whose flows were divided into two main branches that bracket the crater. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41111340 |
Frank Turk (biologist) Frank Archibald Sinclair Turk (15 January 1911 – 14 February 1986) was a noted entomologist and adult educationalist. In addition to his published work on insects, Frank worked as an adult educationalist and ran a programme through the University of Exeter's Department of Extra-Mural Studies. He had a close relationship with several artists including, the artist Peter Lanyon's son Andrew Lanyon, Peter Liddle and Sven Berlin. Frank's wife Stella Turk, MBE, was also a published zoologist and worked with Frank in the field of adult education. Together they were instrumental in founding the Cornish Biological Record Unit at the University of Exeter's, Institute of Cornish Studies which was later incorporated into the Cornwall Wildlife Trust. Frank was elected to be the Trust's first president in 1962. Turk's publications include: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41147932 |
Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) is cyclic voltammetry with a very high scan rate (up to ). Application of high scan rate allows rapid acquisition of a voltammogram within several milliseconds and ensures high temporal resolution of this electroanalytical technique. An acquisition rate of 10 Hz is routinely employed. FSCV in combination with carbon-fiber microelectrodes became a very popular method for detection of neurotransmitters, hormones and metabolites in biological systems. Initially, FSCV was successfully used for detection of electrochemically active biogenic amines release in chromaffin cells (adrenaline and noradrenaline), brain slices (5-HT, dopamine, norepinephrine) and in vivo in anesthetized or awake and behaving animals (dopamine). Further refinements of the method have enabled detection of 5-HT, HA, norepinephrine, adenosine, oxygen, pH changes in vivo in rats and mice as well as measurement of dopamine and serotonin concentration in fruit flies. In fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV), a small carbon fiber electrode (micrometer scale) is inserted into living cells, tissue, or extracellular space. The electrode is then used to quickly raise and lower the voltage in a triangular wave fashion. When the voltage is in the correct range (typically ±1 Volt) the compound of interest will be repeatedly oxidized and reduced. This will result in a movement of electrons in solution that will ultimately create a small alternating current (nano amps scale) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41163070 |
Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry By subtracting the background current created by the probe from the resulting current, it is possible to generate a voltage vs. current plot that is unique to each compound. Since the time scale of the voltage oscillations is known, this can then be used to calculate a plot of the current in solution as a function of time. The relative concentrations of the compound may be calculated as long as the number of electrons transferred in each oxidation and reduction reaction is known. Advantages such as chemical specificity, high resolution, and noninvasive probes make FSCV a powerful technique for detecting changing chemical concentrations in vivo. The chemical specificity of FSCV is derived from reduction potentials. Every compound has a unique reduction potential, and so the alternating voltage can be set to select for a particular compound. As a result, FSCV can be used to measure a variety of electrically active biological compounds such as catacholamines, indolamines, and neurotransmitters. Concentration changes regarding ascorbic acid, oxygen, nitric oxide, and hydrogen ions (pH) can also be detected. It can even be used to measure multiple compounds at the same time, as long as one has a positive and the other has a negative redox potential. High resolution is achieved by changing the voltage at very high speeds, referred to as a fast scan rate. Scan rates for FSCV are on the sub-second scale, oxidizing and reducing compounds in microseconds. Another advantage of FSCV is its ability to be used in vivo | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41163070 |
Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry Typical electrodes consist of small carbon fiber needles that are micrometers in diameter and able to be noninvasively inserted into live tissues. The size of the electrode also permits it to probe very specific brain regions. Thus, FSCV has proved to be effective in measuring chemical fluctuations of living organisms and has been used in conjunction with several behavioral studies. Acceptable voltage and current ranges are common limitations of FSCV. To start, the electric potential must stay within the voltage range of the electrolysis of water (Eo = ± 1.23). Additionally, the resulting current must remain low in order to avoid cell lysis as well as cell depolarization. Fast scan cyclic voltammetry is also limited in that it only makes differential measurements; the currents it measures are only relative to the background, so they cannot be used to quantify resting concentrations. This is partially due to the fact that the basal current levels are largely affected by factors such as pH, so over longer periods of time these values tend to drift. The age of the electrode is also important, and probes tend to be less accurate the longer they are used. This technique is also limited to quantifying the concentrations of electrically active compounds, and can only be used with select molecules in biological systems. In spite of this, there have been methods developed to measure levels of non-electric enzymes that have an electroactive substrate | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41163070 |
Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry However, in this scenario, the electrode probes are also a limiting factor in the data resolution. When measuring an electroactive substrate, the probe is often coated with its corresponding enzyme. In order to avoid the enzyme interacting with different substrates, the electrode is also coated with a polymer that acts as a selective filter against particular types of ions. However, when this polymer is added it lowers the speed at which the voltage scans can be made and effectively lowers the data resolution. FSCV is used to monitor changes in concentration of dopamine in mammalian brain in real time with sensitivity down to 1 nM. Using an acquisition rate of 10 Hz is fast enough to sample dynamics of neurotransmitter release and clearance. Pharmacological action of dopaminergic drugs such as D1 and D2 receptors agonists and antagonist (raclopride, haloperidol), dopamine transporter blockers (cocaine, nomifensine, GBR 12909) could be evaluated with FSCV. The fast acquisition rate also allows the study of dopamine dynamics during behavior. The effects of psychostimulants (cocaine, amphetamine and methamphetamine), opioids (morphine and heroin), cannabinoids, alcohol and nicotine on dopaminergic neurotransmission and development of drug addiction was studied with FSCV. Dopamine is a primary neurotransmitter mediating learning, goal-directing behavior and decision making. Monitoring of dopamine concentration in vivo in behaving animals with FSCV reveals dopamine coding of the brain's decision making process | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41163070 |
Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry FSCV is used to study dynamics of exocytosis of noradrenaline and adrenaline from chromaffin cells; release of serotonin from mast cells; release of 5-HT in brain slices; release of 5-HT in brain of anesthetized rodents and fruit flies; release of norepinephrine in brain of anesthetized and freely moving rodents. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41163070 |
Friedrich Otto Gustav Quedenfeldt (14 June 1817, Graudenz – 20 December 1891, Berlin) was a German entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. He was a Major General in the Prussian army. His son Max jun. Quedenfeldt (13 June 1851, Glogau – 18 September 1891, Berlin), a Lieutenant in the Prussian Army, was an insect dealer who made collecting expeditions to Morocco (1880, 1883 and 1885/86), Algeria (1884), the Canary Islands (1887), Tripoli and Tunisia (1888/89) and Anatolia (Kleinasien) (1891) . Partial list (father and son): The Quedenfeldt collection of exotic beetles was sold to René Oberthür and is now in Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris. The Palearctic beetle collection was given to the Zoological Institute of the Berlin University and is now in Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41197407 |
Janusz Wojtusiak (February 21, 1942 – May 2, 2012) was a Polish entomologist and son of the well-known Polish biologist, Roman Wojtusiak, Professor at the Jagiellonian University. He began his biological studies at the Jagiellonian University in 1959. After graduating in 1964, he was employed as an Assistant in the Department of Systematic Zoology and Zoogeography under the leaderships of Professor Stanisław Smreczyński. Throughout the 1960s and in the early 1970s he was particularly involved in the activities of the Polish Mountaineering Association. He presented his Ph.D. thesis in 1971. It concerned the morphology of the family Adelidae. Soon after gaining the title of doctor habilitatus at the beginning of the 1980s, he was appointed Head of the Zoological Museum of the Jagiellonian University. Immediately afterwards, he was offered a contract to teach at a university in Nigeria. Between 1982 and 1986, Janusz taught zoology and entomology at the University of Nigeria in Nsukka. One of the scientific result of his stay in Nigeria was the description of a new morphological organ in the ants of the genus "Oecophylla", pretarsal pads, which allow these insects to push large prey on smooth and almost vertical surfaces. After returning from Nigeria, he continued his research in the field of entomology. In 1991, he published a textbook on the ethology of insects, which is the only such comprehensive treatment of this topic in the Polish language to date | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41223167 |
Janusz Wojtusiak In 1994, he received a professorial nomination from the President of the Republic of Poland, Lech Wałęsa. From the mid-1990s, Wojtusiak concentrated on the mountainous areas of South America, participating in or organising more than ten scientific expeditions into the Andes, which resulted in more than 100 scientific publications and descriptions of more than 400 new species of butterflies and moths, principally belonging to the family Tortricidae, in co-authorship with Professor Józef Razowski. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41223167 |
Oxyyttropyrochlore-(Y) Oxyyttropyrochlore-(Y), also referred to as "obruchevite" or "yttropyrochlore-(Y)", is a potential (not yet accepted) zero-valent-dominant mineral of the pyrochlore group. Its formula can be written as (Y,◻)NbOO. The name "yttropyrochlore-(Y)" for this compound was used by Kalita (1957), and Ercit et al. (2003), but it has become obsolete and the mineral status is not yet clear. The yttropyrochlore-(Y) as mentioned by Tindle & Breaks (1998) is in fact "oxyyttropyrochlore-(Y)". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41246804 |
Józef Razowski Józef Razowski, (born 4 April 1932) is a Polish entomologist and lepidopterist specializing in Tortricidae. Between 1953 and 2006, he described 1744 Lepidopteran taxa. Obtained both master of science and PhD from the Jagiellonian University in 1958 and 1961 respectively. Razowski was director of the Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals of the Polish Academy of Sciences from 1988 to 1997. He retired in 2003. He is the recipient of various prizes and awards, including the Polish State Award and the Ignaz Schiffermüller medal. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41257955 |
NGC 3244 is a spiral galaxy in the Antlia constellation discovered by John Herschel on April 22, 1835. A supernova was detected in on June 27, 2010, designated SN 2010ev. With an apparent magnitude of about 14, it was the third-brightest supernova observed in 2010. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41265338 |
Thermal transpiration (or thermal diffusion) refers to the thermal force on a gas due to a temperature difference. causes a flow of gas in the absence of any pressure difference, and is able to maintain a certain pressure difference called thermomolecular pressure difference in a steady state. The effect is strongest when the mean free path of the gas molecules is comparable to the dimensions of the gas container. appears as an important correction in the readings of vapor pressure thermometers, and the effect is historically famous as being an explanation for the rotation of the Crookes radiometer. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41270450 |
Ante Graovac is a Croatian scientist (born July 15, 1945 in Split, died November 13, 2012 in Zagreb) known for his contribution to chemical graph theory. He was director of 26 successful annual meetings MATH/CHEM/COMP held in Dubrovnik. He was Secretary of the International Academy of Mathematical Chemistry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41275177 |
Space for Life () is a museum district in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It brings together the city's four most prominent natural museums: the Montreal Biodome and the Rio Tinto Alcan Planetarium, situated in Montreal's Olympic Park, and the Montreal Botanical Garden and Montreal Insectarium, in the adjacent Maisonneuve Park. was established in 2011 as a successor body to Montreal Nature Museums. It describes itself as the largest natural sciences complex in Canada. As of 2013, its executive director is Charles-Mathieu Brunelle and Montreal executive committee member Manon Gauthier is responsible for its political oversight. The Montreal Biodome, Insectarium, Botanical Garden and Rio Tinto Alcan Planetarium invite us to rethink the ties between human beings and nature, cultivating a new way of living. Together, the four prestigious institutions form a place where nature and science are honoured. They have positioned themselves as a and are dedicated to sharing their vast heritage and knowledge with you. is a place that brings together the Montreal Biodome, Insectarium, Botanical Garden and Planetarium, but it is also much more. It’s a participatory movement and a commitment to biodiversity. It is a vast project based on citizen participation and co-creation with visitors. Just like nature belongs to everyone, it is everyone’s movement. It’s a state of mind, a way of experiencing nature. It is a space we visit where we can exchange, collaborate and learn | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41301792 |
Space for Life Through its efforts in communication, conservation, education and research, guides humans to better experience nature. The comprises the Montreal Biodome,Botanical Garden, Insectarium and Rio Tinto Alcan Planetarium. The institutions are interdependent, and designed to inspire visitors to adopt a new way of experiencing nature. They are connected by the Grande Place, a space that inspires new ways of coming together, enjoying the site, playing outside, building, interacting and experiencing everyday life. is the largest natural science museum complex in Canada, one of the leading tourist sites in Montréal and all of Quebec and a place with immense potential to impress and thrill visitors through nature, explain nature and encourage behaviour that is respectful of nature. is also committed to increasing awareness of our planet’s biodiversity and encouraging people to better protect it. In fact, our four institutions have created a sustainable development charter. By offering visitors immersive experiences combining science and emotion, the Biodôme, Botanical Garden, Insectarium and Planetarium invite us all to look at nature differently. We have a collective commitment to nature, but also a commitment to achievement, meaningfulness and mobilization | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41301792 |
Space for Life With their participatory, unifying approach that is authentic, inventive, committed and open to the world, our four institutions have joined forces to create a movement, a Space for Life; a place where people come together to create, shaped by Montrealers and visitors from around the world. has initiated a movement that aims to help people better understand the concept of interdependence underlying biodiversity, become aware of the services provided by nature and gradually change the way they live. Our institutions invite you to join the movement, by taking an active part and spreading the message yourself. The is a collective initiative encouraging Montrealers and local stakeholders to become involved and make it their own. A movement to get closer to nature A participatory, creative, historic movement At Space for Life, our approach to sustainable development informs all our decisions and actions, encouraging us to consider the inextricable connections between society, ethics, the economy and the environment. With this goal in mind, we are committed to integrating sustainable development principles in all our activities. This includes our charter of commitment and 11 areas of focus: Montréal is the largest natural science museum complex in Canada. By 2019, four major projects will have been developed, creating constantly evolving and changing spaces for life | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41301792 |
Space for Life The Insectarium Metamorphosis, the Biodôme Migration and two other major projects are a legacy for Montrealers, for the planet and for future generations. At a time when the issues the planet is facing, especially those related to the loss of biodiversity, raise the question of the relevance of our modern lifestyles, Space for Life, which is rooted in these unique institutions whose reputation and credibility are recognized both locally and internationally, has a fundamental role to play. These two projects – characterized by their uniqueness, both in terms of architecture and design and the memorable and distinctive experiences they offer visitors – will let truly play its role by inviting citizens to reconnect with nature and invent new ways of living. Reflecting a multidisciplinary vision wherein the architectural gesture emerges from a global creative approach, a bold architectural design will create living spaces that are permeable, ecological and evolving, while meeting the highest green building standards. Kuehn Malvezzi, Pelletier De Fontenay, Jodoin Lamarre Pratte, Dupras Ledoux and NCK A unique experience The Insectarium will become a true biotope in which insects, plants and people can interact and take an interest in one another. In an architectural space that is both a landscape and an organism, the underground and closed spaces, water, shadow and daylight follow and play off one another along a route that plunges visitors into an immersive, sensory experience in the heart of the world of insects | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41301792 |
Space for Life KANVA + NEUF architect(e)s, Bouthillette Parizeau + NCK A renewed experience, re-thinking the deeper meaning of the ecosystems. The Migration project will revamp the Biodôme and its scenic design, in most areas accessible to the public, to offer an innovative, participatory, immersive experience. The architects compare the Biodôme to a living organism and their concept echoes notions of cellular biology. The cell, the basic building block of life, becomes a model for structuring and shaping the building blocks of nature – ecosystems. The design team is proposing to reorganize the spaces, open up the centre of the Biodôme, and offer bold, complementary experiences. The overall project budget is $22 million. This includes professional and project management fees, studies, construction costs, restoration, acquisition and relocation of live collections, museology, furniture, various contingencies, etc. Programmation informations can be found on http://espacepourlavie.ca/en | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41301792 |
Zoi Lygerou is a Greek associate professor of biology at the Medical School University of Patras whose works have been published in such journals as the European Journal of Biochemistry, Journal of Cell Science, the Molecular and Cellular Biology journal, Journal of Biological Chemistry, and both Science and Nature journals among others. In 1991 she got her first degree at the University of Athens followed by a Ph.D. from the University of Heidelberg four years later. She also used to be a postdoc at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund of London under guidance from Paul Nurse. On April 12, 1996 she and her colleagues (along with David Tollervey) have discovered that the minimum amount of enzymes are required for the eukaryotes' ribosomal RNA. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41302762 |
Cavitation (elastomers) Cavitation is the unstable unhindered expansion of a microscopic void in a solid elastomer under the action of tensile hydrostatic stresses. This can occur whenever the hydrostatic tension exceeds 5/6 of Young's modulus. The cavitation phenomenon may manifest in any of the following situations: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41318434 |
Agnesi (crater) Agnesi is a crater on the planet Venus. It was named after Maria Gaetana Agnesi, an Italian mathematician; Venusian craters are named after notable women. The crater was named by the International Astronomical Union's Working Group on Planetary System Nomenclature in 1991. It is located at 39.4 degrees south and 37.7 degrees east. The crater is 42.4 kilometers in diameter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41333407 |
Frederik Maurits van der Wulp (13 December 1818, The Hague – 27 November 1899, The Hague) was a Dutch entomologist mainly interested in Diptera. He was a civil servant in the Dutch Audit Office. His collection is divided between Natura Artis Magistra in Amsterdam and Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie in Leiden. Frederik van der Wulp was a Member of the Netherlands Entomological Society. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41336126 |
Johannes C. H. de Meijere Johannes Cornelis Hendrik de Meijere (1 April 1866, Deventer – 6 November 1947) was a Dutch zoologist and entomologist who specialised in Diptera and Coleoptera. Prof. dr. Johannes Cornelis Hendrik de Meijere was Rector Magnificus at the Universiteit van Amsterdam. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41336487 |
A2261-BCG (short for Abell 2261 Brightest Cluster Galaxy) is a huge elliptical galaxy in the cluster Abell 2261. One of the largest galaxies known, is estimated to have a diameter of a million light-years, some 10 times larger than the Milky Way. It is the brightest and the most massive galaxy in the cluster, and has the largest galactic core ever observed, spanning more than 10,000 light-years. The cD elliptical galaxy, located at least 3 billion light-years from Earth, is also well known as a radio source. Its core is highly populated by a dense number of old stars, but is mysteriously diffuse, giving it a large core. On September 10, 2012, using Hubble Space Telescope's Wide Field Camera 3, scientists found out that there was no supermassive black hole present in the center. This may be the likely cause of its diffuse and large core, but it contradicts modern galactic evolutionary theories. A huge cD galaxy like would be expected to have a supermassive black hole concentrated at its center. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41355223 |
Vapour pressure thermometer A vapour pressure thermometer is a thermometer that uses a pressure gauge to measure the vapour pressure of a liquid. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41383683 |
Zdeněk Švestka (30 September 1925 – 2 March 2013) was a Czech astronomer. For several decades he was the world's leading expert on solar flares. He studied mathematics and physics at Charles University, Prague, until graduating in 1948. Together with Cornelis de Jager, he was the co-founder and editor of the journal "Solar Physics". For 38 years, from the establishment of the journal in 1967 until his retirement in 2005, he handled all papers on solar flares, while De Jager took care of everything else. The minor planet 17805 Švestka was named after him. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41392354 |
Observation arc In observational astronomy, an observation arc (or arc length) is the time period between the earliest and the latest observations, used for tracing the body's path. It is usually given in days or years. The term is mostly used in the discovery and tracking of asteroids and comets. The observation arc determines how accurately known the orbit of the object is. A very short arc could describe objects in a wide variety of orbits, at many distances from Earth. In some cases, there have been objects whose initial arc was insufficient to determine if the object was in orbit around the Earth, or orbiting out in the asteroid belt. With a 1-day observation arc, was thought to be a trans-Neptunian dwarf planet, but is now known to be a 1 km main-belt asteroid. With an observation arc of 3 days, was thought to be a Mars-crossing asteroid that could be a threat to Earth, but it is now known to be a main-belt asteroid. A relatively modest observation arc may allow finding an older "precovery" photo, providing a much longer arc and a more precise orbit. An observation arc less than 30 days can make it difficult to recover an Inner Solar System object more than a year after the last observation, and may result in a lost minor planet. Due to their greater distance from the Sun and slow movement across the sky, trans-Neptunian objects with observation arcs less than several years often have poorly constrained orbits | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41395916 |
Observation arc Long-period/Oort cloud objects such as (eccentricity of and observation arc of 3 days) can require an observation arc of several weeks to refine the uncertainties and know if the orbital period is thousands or millions of years. Interstellar objects generally require an observation arc of 2–3 weeks using hundreds of observations to confirm that an interloper has a hyperbolic excess velocity (interstellar speed) of more than a few km/s. Comet C/2008 J4 (McNaught) was only observed 22 times over an observation arc of 15 days, and due to an insufficient number of observations generates a low inbound interstellar speed of 3.9 km/s, but the uncertainties in the eccentricity easily produce a closed orbit with formula_1. Comet C/1999 U2 (SOHO) with an almost meaningless observation arc of 1 day shows a very dubious interstellar speed of 17 km/s, but could easily have a closed orbit with an eccentricity as low a 0.7. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41395916 |
SDSS J1106+1939 (SDSS J110644.95+193930.6) is a quasar, notable for its energetic matter outflow. It is the record holder for the most powerful matter outflow by a quasar. The engine is a supermassive black hole, pulling in matter at the rate of 400 solar masses per year and ejecting it at the speed of 8,000 km/s. The outflow produce a luminosity of 10 ergs. This makes the quasar more than two trillion times brighter than the Sun, one of the most luminous quasars on record. The quasar has the visual magnitude of about ~19, despite its extreme distance of 11 billion light years. The outflow of matter from the quasar produces about 1/20 of its luminosity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41422644 |
Pseudohypoxia refers to increased cytosolic ratio of free NAD to NADH in cells, caused by hyperglycemia. Research has shown that declining levels of NAD+ during aging cause pseudohypoxia, and that raising nuclear NAD+ in old mice reverses pseudohypoxia and metabolic dysfunction, thus reversing the aging process. It is expected that human NAD trials will begin in 2014. is a feature commonly noted in poorly-controlled diabetes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41439747 |
Pius Sack (3 December 1865 – 5 February 1946) was a German entomologist who specialised in Diptera His collection of World Diptera is conserved in Naturmuseum Senckenberg. partial list Several parts of "Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region" (the Flies of the Palaearctic Region) edited by Erwin Lindner Horn, W. 1936: [Sack, P.] Arb. morph. taxon. Ent. Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin 3 (1) 63 (70 year birthday) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41443439 |
Wilhelm Altar (August 27, 1900 - 1995), known to family and colleagues as William Altar, was an Austrian-born theoretical physicist whose significant contributions led to the development of the magneto ionic theory. Altar contributed to the mathematical and conceptual underpinnings that were verified by Appleton's research, in collaboration with Dr. Altar. Altar was not credited with his contributions until 1982, decades after Appelton received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1947. Altar was born in Vienna in 1900. In 1923 he obtained a doctorate in theoretical physics from the University of Vienna. Due to the poor job market post World War I, Altar, in 1925, moved to his uncle's home in London. In London Professor A. O. Ranking at Imperial College introduced him to Edward Appleton in King's College London. In the 1930s he moved to the United States where he joined the physics department of Pennsylvania State University. From 1935 to 1937 he served as a researcher at the Frick Chemical Laboratory at Princeton University, working on a study of optical rotatory power in organic molecules. On several occasions, Dr. Altar had tea and discussions about physics with Dr. Albert Einstein in their native German language. During his time in King's College, Altar and Appleton made slow progress every day. The Appleton-Altar approach was an exercise in Lorentzian magneto-optics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41449605 |
Solid acid Solid acids are acids that do not dissolve in the reaction medium. They are often used in heterogeneous catalysts. Most solid state acids are organic acids such as oxalic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, maleic acid, etc. Examples include oxides, which function as Lewis acids including silico-aluminates (zeolites, alumina, silico-alumino-phosphate), and sulfated zirconia. Many transition metal oxides are acidic, including titania, zirconia, and niobia. Such acids are used in cracking. Many solid Brønsted acids are also employed industrially, including sulfonated polystyrene, solid phosphoric acid, niobic acid, and heteropolyoxometallates. Solid acids are used in catalysis in many industrial chemical processes, from large-scale catalytic cracking in petroleum refining to the synthesis of various fine chemicals. One large scale application is alkylation, e.g., the combination of benzene and ethylene to give ethylbenzene. Another application is the rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime to caprolactam. Many alkylamines are prepared by amination of alcohols, catalyzed by solid acids. Solid acids can be used as electrolytes in fuel cells. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41451915 |
Georges Zissis (born 1964) is a Greek physicist. Zissis was born in Athens in 1964 and by 1986 had graduated from the University of Crete in general Physics. He obtained master's and Ph.D. degrees on Plasma Physics from the University of Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier in 1987 and 1990 respectively and then became a full professor there; in 2011 he awarded the "Professor Honoris Causa" honorary degree from Physics Department of Saint Petersburg State University. In December 2006 he won the 1st Award of the Centenary Challenge of the International Electrotechnical Commission and in 2009 became a recipient of the Energy Globe Award and Fresnel Medal from the French Illuminating Engineering Society. His primary area of work is in the field of Light Sources Science and Technology. He is especially interested in the physics of electrical discharges used as light sources; system and metrology issues for solid-state lighting systems; normalization and quality issues for light sources; impact of lighting to energy, environment, quality of life, health and security; interaction between light source and associated power supply; illumination and lighting. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41470072 |
Journal of Petrology The is a monthly peer-reviewed academic journal focused on the field of igneous and metamorphic petrology and petrogenesis. Published by the Oxford Journals division of Oxford University Press the journal has an impact factor of 4.714 as of 2012, making it the third most popular journal in the Geochemistry & Geophysics category of the Science Citation Index. Professor Marjorie Wilson of the University of Leeds is the executive editor. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41503141 |
Sathees Chukkurumbal Raghavan is an associate professor in the Department of Biochemistry at the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India. He is from Kannur, Kerala. He was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for science and technology, the highest science award in India, for the year 2013 in the biological science category. He was awarded the prize for discovering SCR7, a chemical compound that blocks DNA repair in cancer cells. He received his BSc in zoology from Payyannur College, MSc in zoology from SN College, Kannur, and PhD in biochemistry from Banaras Hindu University, India in 1999. He completed postdoctoral research at the University of Southern California from 1999 to 2006. His main research interests are cancer genetics, genomic instability, DNA repair, and recombination. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41519671 |
Sadao Takagi Takagi studied at Hokkaido University, where he received his bachelor's degree, his masters and his doctorate in agriculture. He specialized in studying the armoured scale insects. After graduation, he remained at Hokkaido University and taught, first as an Associate Professor and then as a full Professor. Takagi's morphological insights have been proven correct by subsequent molecular analysis. Among other things, he demonstrated the polyphyletic nature of the now-obsolete Rugaspidiotini using morphology. Takagi retired from teaching in 1996, but continues to publish. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41526582 |
Giant Void The (also known as the in NGH, Canes Venatici Supervoid, and AR-Lp 36) is an extremely large region of space with an underdensity of galaxies and located in the constellation Canes Venatici. It is the second largest confirmed void to date, with an estimated diameter of 300 to 400 Mpc (1 to 1.3 billion light years) and is approximately 1.5 billion light years away (z = 0.116). It was discovered in 1988, and was the largest void in the Northern Galactic Hemisphere, and possibly the second largest ever detected. Even the hypothesized "Eridanus Supervoid" corresponding to the location of the WMAP cold spot is dwarfed by this void, although the does not correspond any significant cooling to the cosmic microwave background. Although a vast void, inside it are 17 galaxy clusters, concentrated in a spherical shaped region 50 Mpc in diameter. Studies of the motion of the clusters show that they have no interaction to each other, meaning the density of the clusters is very low resulting in weak gravitational interaction. The void's location in the sky is close to the Boötes void. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41529802 |
Proof mass A proof mass or test mass is a known quantity of mass used in a measuring instrument as a reference for the measurement of an unknown quantity. A mass used to calibrate a weighing scale is sometimes called a "calibration mass" or "calibration weight". A proof mass that deforms a spring in an accelerometer is sometimes called the "seismic mass". In a convective accelerometer, a fluid proof mass may be employed. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41565982 |
Erich Otto Engel (29 September 1866, in Alt-Malisch Frankfurt – 11 February 1944, in Dachau) was a German entomologist who specialised in Diptera. He was a graphic artist and administrator of the Diptera collection in Zoologische Staatssammlung München. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41568022 |
Adolf Horion (12 July 1888 in Hochneukirch – 28 May 1977 in Überlingen) was a German entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41577677 |
Sphaerolipoviridae is a family of double-stranded DNA viruses that infect thermophilic bacteria and halophilic archea, formally approved by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses in 2015. Viruses of this family have tailless icosahedral virions with an internal lipid membrane located between the protein capsid and the double-stranded DNA genome. Overall virion organization of sphaerolipoviruses is similar to that of viruses belonging to the families "Tectiviridae", "Corticoviridae" and "Turriviridae". There are three genera in this family. Members of the genera "Alphasphaerolipovirus" and "Betasphaerolipovirus" infect halophilic archaea, while those of the genus "Gammasphaerolipovirus" replicate in thermophilic bacteria. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41592610 |
X-factor (astrophysics) The X-factor in astrophysics, often labeled X, is an empirically determined proportionality constant which converts carbon monoxide (CO) emission line brightness to molecular hydrogen (H) mass. The term X-factor was coined in a 1983 paper titled "Gamma-rays from atomic and molecular gas in the first galactic quadrant" and published in "The Astrophysical Journal". Calibrating X requires an independent method of determining the amount of molecular hydrogen in a given astrophysical region. While direct emission from molecular hydrogen is difficult to observe, there are other ways of inferring molecular hydrogen mass, outlined below. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41608940 |
Qui-Lim Choo is a Singapore-born scientist, who along with Michael Houghton, George Kuo and Daniel W. Bradley, co-discovered and cloned Hepatitis C in 1989. He also co-discovered the Hepatitis D genome in 1986. The discovery of Hepatitis C led to the rapid development of diagnostic reagents to detect HCV in blood supplies which has reduced the risk of acquiring HCV through blood transfusion from one in three to about one in two million. It is estimated that antibody testing has prevented at least 40,000 new infections per year in the US alone and many more worldwide. He received his undergraduate training at Queen Elizabeth College in 1973 and completed his PhD in biochemistry at King's College London in 1980. He trained under William J. Rutter at the University of California, San Francisco before joining Chiron Corporation. He was awarded the Karl Landsteiner Memorial Award (1992) and Dale A. Smith Memorial Award (2005) of the American Association of Blood Banks, and the William Beaumont Prize of the American Gastroenterological Association in 1994. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41616956 |
Leopoldo López Escobar Ángel Leopoldo López-Escobar (1940 – June 29, 2013) was a Chilean geochemistry academic. His scientific career begun by studying Biology and Chemistry at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile. Later he worked at the Austral University of Chile and the University of Chile. In 1996 he started a metallogeny research group at the University of Concepción. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41617045 |
BzK galaxy In astrophysics, a is a galaxy that has been selected as star-forming or passive based on its photometry in the B, z, and K photometric bands. The selection criteria, as originally defined, are as follows: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41635223 |
Cat Sense is a 2013 non-fiction book written by John Bradshaw. It was published on August 15, 2013, and was chosen by the New York Times as one of its best-sellers in 2013. It was also publicly well received and praised for its humorist approach to its subject: cat psychology. Major newspapers and radios gave good reviews. NPR, for example, included it as an NPR Staff Pick on their "Guide to 2013's Great Reads." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41639184 |
Extinction paradox In the small wavelength limit , the total scattering cross-section of an impenetrable sphere is twice its geometrical cross-sectional area (which is the value obtained in classical mechanics). Several explanations for this phenomenon have been proposed: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41639290 |
Arindam Ghosh (physicist) Arindam Ghosh is an experimental condensed matter physicist and a Professor in the Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India. He was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for science and technology, the highest science award in India, for the year 2012 in physical sciences category. Ghosh majored in physics from Calcutta University (1991). Following the graduation, he moved to IISc, Bangalore where he did his masters (1994) and PhD (1999) in Physics. He was then a postdoctoral research associate at the University of Cambridge, UK (2000–2005). Ghosh then came back to IISc to take up a position as an assistant professor (2005–2011) followed by an associate professor (2011–2017). In 2017, he was promoted to a full professor of physics at the Department of Physics, IISc Bangalore . During his tenure at IISc, he was also a Visiting Research Fellow in Nanotechnology at T J Watson Research Center of IBM, Yorktown Heights, New York, USA (May 2009 – Sept 2009). His current research interests include the transport properties of two-dimensional electronic systems in semiconductors, carbon-based low-dimensional systems, optoelectronic properties of atomically-thin semiconductor membranes, magnetic nanostructures, and structural stability of nanoscale systems such as metallic nanowires and nanoparticles. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41667186 |
Globoid (botany) A globoid is a spherical crystalline inclusion in a protein body found in seed tissues that contains phytate and other nutrients for plant growth. These are found in several plants, including wheat and the genus "Cucurbita". These nutrients are eventually completely depleted during seedling growth. In "Cucurbita maxima", globoids form as early as the 3rd day of seedling growth. They are located in conjunction with a larger crystalloid. They are electron–dense and vary widely in size. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41678745 |
Gaskiers glaciation The is a period of widespread glacial deposits (e.g. diamictites) that lasted under 340 thousand years, between 579.63 ± 0.15 and 579.88 ± 0.44 million years ago – i.e. late in the Ediacaran Period – making it the last major glacial event of the Precambrian. Deposits attributed to the Gaskiers - assuming that they were all deposited at the same time - have been found on eight separate palaeocontinents, in some cases occurring close to the equator (at a latitude of 10-30°). The 300 m-thick name-bearing section at Gaskiers (Newfoundland) is packed full of striated dropstones. Its values are really low (pushing 8), consistent with a period of environmental abnormality. The bed lies just below some of the oldest fossils of the Ediacaran biota, leading to early suggestions that the passing of the glaciation may have paved the way for the evolution of these odd organisms. More accurate dating methods have shown that there is in fact a 9 million year gap between the diamictites and the 570 Ma macrofossils. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41689933 |
Bokeloh bat lyssavirus (BBLV) is negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus of the genus "Lyssavirus" first isolated from a Natterer's bat ("Myotis nattereri") found in Bokeloh, Lower Saxony, Germany in 2010. "Bokeloh bat lyssavirus" was found in "Myotis nattereri" for the first time in northeastern France in July 2012. The complete genome sequence of the virus from the infected Natterer's bat was determined by whole genome sequencing and compared to that of the first BBLV strain isolated in 2010 in Germany and with those of all currently identified lyssaviruses. The French isolate [KC169985] showed 98.7% nucleotide sequence identity to the German BBLV strain [JF311903]. Several organs of the infected French bat were examined by classical rabies diagnostic methods: fluorescent antibody test, cell culture inoculation test and RT-qPCR. Antigen, infectious virus, and high viral RNA levels were found in both the brain and salivary glands. Traces of genomic RNA were detected in the bladder, kidney, and lung tissue. The results of an investigation of the distribution of lyssaviruses with the detection of infectious virus in the salivary glands suggest a possible mode of transmission of the virus. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41696625 |
Erich Clar (August 23, 1902 – March 27, 1987) was an organic chemist who studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon chemistry. He is considered as the father of that field. He authored the two-volume "Polycyclic Hydrocarbons", which described the syntheses, properties, and UV-visible absorption spectra of hundreds of PAHs. He created the Sextet Theory, now eponymously called "Clar's rule", to describe the behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon isomers. This was described in his book "The Aromatic Sextet". He was awarded the August Kekulé Medal by the Chemical Society of the GDR in 1965, the highest award given by that society to foreign scientists, and the first Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Research Award of the International Symposium on Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in 1987. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41696772 |
Monolysocardiolipin (MLCL) is a phospholipid with three fatty acid chains located in the inner membrane of mitochondria. MLCL is normally present as part of the metabolic cycle of mitochondrial lipids, such as cardiolipin. It is remodeled by the enzymes monolysocardiolipin acyltransferase, lysocardiolipin acyltransferase, and tafazzin, which transfer a fourth fatty acid chain onto the phospholipid. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41706080 |
Perennation In botany, perennation is the ability of organisms, particularly plants, to survive from one germinating season to another, especially under unfavourable conditions such as drought or winter. It typically involves development of a perennating organ, which stores enough nutrients to sustain the organism during the unfavourable season, and develops into one or more new plants the following year. Common forms of perennating organs are storage organs (e.g. tubers, rhizomes and corm), and buds. is closely related with vegetative reproduction, as the organisms commonly use the same organs for both survival and reproduction. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41710955 |
Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas The is a triannual peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal published by the National Autonomous University of Mexico, Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, Instituto Nacional de Geoquímica, and Sociedad Mexicana de Paleontología. It covers the field of geology and related Earth sciences, primarily on issues that are relevant to Latin America and Mexico. It was established in 1976 and the editors-in-chief are Angel F. Nieto Samaniego and Peter Schaaf (National Autonomous University of Mexico). The journal is abstracted and indexed in: According to the "Journal Citation Reports", the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 0.815. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41714677 |
Reinier Cornelis Bakhuizen van den Brink (born 1911) Reinier Cornelis Bakhuizen van den Brink Jr. (11 September 1911, Panjinangan, Sukabumi Regency, Java – 1 May 1987, Leiden) was a Dutch botanist. He was the son of Djahini of Tjiampea and Dutch botanist Reinier Cornelis Bakhuizen van den Brink (1881–1945) of the Dutch East Indies. The abbreviation stands for "Bakhuizen filius". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41721366 |
Reinier Cornelis Bakhuizen van den Brink (born 1881) Reinier Cornelis Bakhuizen van den Brink (30 January 1881, Pasoeroean – 4 April 1945, Tjimahi) was a Dutch botanist. He was the son of Henriëtte Maria Raedt van Oldenbarnevelt (1858–1929) and Charles René Bakhuizen van den Brink (1850–1923), and a grandson of the literary critic, historian and philosopher (1810–1865). In 1917 he married Djahini from Tjimahi, whom he had met in 1910. Their son Reinier Cornelis (1911–1987) was also a botanist. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41721420 |
Nature Climate Change is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Nature Publishing Group covering all aspects of research on global warming, the current climate change, especially its effects. It was established in 2011 as the continuation of Nature Reports Climate Change, itself established in 2007. Its first editor-in-chief was Olive Heffernan and the journal's current editor-in-chief is Bronwyn Wake. According to the "Journal Citation Reports", the journal had a 2016 impact factor of 19.304. The Journal reports an impact factor of 19.181 for 2017. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41737459 |
Marshite (CuI) is a naturally occurring isometric halide mineral with occasional silver (Ag) substitution for copper (Cu). Solid solution between the silver end-member miersite and the copper end-member marshite has been found in these minerals from deposits in Broken Hill, Australia. The mineral’s name is derived from the person who first described it, an Australian mineral collector named Charles W. Marsh. Marsh drew attention to native copper iodide (Marshite) in the 1800s emphasizing its natural occurrence, it is not to be confused with copper (I) iodide a substance commonly synthesized in laboratory settings. One of marshite’s distinguishing features is that prior to exposure to air the mineral is a faint honey-yellow color, once exposed to the air however it becomes a brick-red color. Another characteristic useful in identifying marshite is the dark red color it fluoresces under short-wave (SW) and long-wave (LW) ultraviolet light. The type locality of marshite is a metamophosed Lead-Zinc-Silver ore deposit at Broken Hill, Yancowinna County, New South Wales, Australia. Some of marshite’s common mineral associations at this locality include wad, limonite, native copper, cuprite, and cerussite. occurs naturally in geologic supergene deposits at Chuquicamata, Chile which are heavily mined for copper. Additional research on the rocks and minerals from this area show that iodine isotopes found in minerals, such as marshite, and soils can be used to understand the processes that formed the supergene deposit | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41746040 |
Marshite In addition to multiple occurrences in Australia and Chile, marshite has been found and reported in Finland, Germany, Russia, and South Africa. At the Rubtsovsky locality in Altai Krai, Russia marshite is found associated with other iodine-rich halide minerals such as miersite in a base metal deposit. is found in the silver deposit mined at the Albert Silver Mine in Mpumalanga, South Africa associated with various silver-rich minerals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41746040 |
NS4B Nonstructural protein 4B (NS4B) is a viral protein found in the hepatitis C virus. It has mass of 27 kDa and probably involved in process of intracellular membrane structure formation to allow virus replication. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41748357 |
Prodromus A prodromus ('forerunner' or 'precursor') aka prodrome is a term used in the natural sciences to describe a preliminary publication intended as the basis for a later, more comprehensive work. It is also a medical term used for a premonitory symptom, that is, a symptom indicating the onset of a disease. The origin of the word is from the 19th century: via French from New Latin prodromus, from Greek prodromos forerunner. Notable prodromi were "Entomology", "Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen", "Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis" and Nicolas Steno's "De solido intra solidum naturaliter contento dissertationis prodromus", one of the early treatises attempting to explain the occurrence of fossils in solid rock. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41751262 |
Oncomatryx Biopharma S. L. is a pharmaceutical biotechnology company that develops personalized treatments against invasive cancer as well as tests for its early detection. Established by Laureano Simón, PhD, thus engages twofold in the fight against invasive kinds of cancer, such as pancreatic cancer or invasive breast cancer, all of which have high mortality rates. Oncomatryx's research focuses on peritumoral stroma, which has been found to take part in promoting cancer invasiveness and curtailing treatment efficacy. Laureano Simón began his business career in 2000 with the creation of Progenika Biopharma S.A., a personalized medicine company which was acquired by Grifols in February 2013. Dr. Simón holds a Ph.D. in Chemical Sciences (Molecular Biology) by the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, a master's degree in Biotechnology by the University of Navarra, an MSc by the “University of Wisconsin-Madison” and a bachelor's degree in Pharmacy by the University of Santiago de Compostela. He has patented, among others, clinical products such as BLOODchip and LIPOchip. The company bases its R&D on the recent discovery that tumor cells generate changes in the cells that surround them as well as in the extracellular matrix, facilitating invasion metastases | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41756826 |
Oncomatryx and its collaborators and advisors have proved that peritumoral stroma, which is constituted by mesenchymal cells and extracellular matrix, plays a key role in tumor invasiveness and metastasis, at the same time being a physical barrier that prevents anti-cancer agents from reaching tumor cells. is developing a new generation of biological anti-tumor drugs, combining cytotoxic molecules and monoclonal antibodies specifically directed towards tumor associated stroma. collaborates with the Institut für Zell Biologie und Immunologie of the University of Stuttgart, the University of Valladolid, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, the Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, National Jewish Health and Breast Cancer Research among others. Currently, invasive cancer is associated with a very short life expectancy . In the case of pancreatic cancer, which unfortunately is almost always already in invasive stages at the time of diagnosis, only between 1% and 4% of patients survive for five years after diagnosis. has developed molecular diagnostic tests to predict the invasiveness of breast tumors (DMTXbreastScan) and pancreas, colon, lung, and head and neck tumors (DMTXinvaScan). These tests have already been used successfully in hospitals in Andalucia, Asturias, Cantabria, Catalonia, Galicia, Madrid, Navarre, the Basque Country and Valencia in Spain | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41756826 |
Oncomatryx In addition, the universities of Columbia (USA), Munich (Germany) and Copenhagen (Denmark) have also proven their high sensitivity and specificity. DMTXinvaScan and DMTXbreastScan were presented to the international medical community at the Annual Conference of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, held in Baltimore, USA, in March 2013. Specifically, DMTXbreastScan helps to determine, at the moment of first diagnosis, if a breast tumor has the capacity to develop metastases. This test, which is already being used in USA hospitals such as Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore and Cedars Sinai Hospital in Los Angeles, has 93.5% sensitivity and 94.2% specificity in detecting invasive breast tumors in biopsies. In addition, it helps to predict if a benign lesion of the breast, such as a papilloma, will turn into a malignant tumor, so the treatment can be adapted more effectively for each patient. Antitumor drugs developed by Oncomatryx, which specifically target the peritumoral stroma, are currently in pre-clinical development phase and will enter clinical trials in 2015. For this purpose, the company has reached an agreement with the U.S. National Jewish Health hospital and Case Western Reserve University whereby Oncomatyx will use a human protein, Cystatin-C, as a principle asset for the development of drugs against invasive breast cancer | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41756826 |
Oncomatryx has also signed collaboration agreements with the Universität Stuttgart (Germany), the Universidad de Valladolid (Spain), and other biotech companies for the development of immunotoxins and ADCs targeted specifically towards the stromal component of tumors. This strategy allows for attacking directly the cells responsible for invasion and metastasis in cancer. These immunotoxins and ADCs are specifically directed against two proteins, known as MTX1 and MTX2, which are expressed only in the peritumoral stroma that surround the tumor and facilitates its progression and metastasis. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41756826 |
Felicity Huntingford Felicity Anne Huntingford FRSE (born 17 June 1948) is an aquatic ecologist known for her work in fish behaviour. Huntingford's research interests include the aggression in sticklebacks and welfare of farmed fish. She is the author and editor of several widely cited and reviewed books, including the textbook "The Study of Animal Behaviour." Huntingford has served as president of the Fisheries Society of the British Isles, the Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour, and the World Council of Fisheries Societies. She is Emeritus Professor of Functional Ecology at the University of Glasgow. Huntingford was elected to the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1996 in the discipline of organismal and environmental biology. Huntingford has presented as an invited lecturer in several named lecture series. Huntingford was awarded the 2001 Tinbergen Lecture by the Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. She also delivered the 2012 Fisheries Society of the British Isles (FSBI) Jack Jones Lecture. Huntingford has been honoured with several major academic awards, including the 2006 ASAB Medal and the 2013 FSBI Beverton Medal. She was awarded an Honorary Doctorate from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in 2009. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41779645 |
Hydrocarbon indicator A hydrocarbon indicator (HCI) or direct hydrocarbon indicator (DHI), is an anomalous seismic attribute value or pattern that could be explained by the presence of hydrocarbons in an oil or gas reservoir. DHIs are particularly useful in hydrocarbon exploration for reducing the geological risk of exploration wells. Broadly, geophysicists recognize several types of DHI: Some geoscientists regard amplitude versus offset anomalies as a type of direct hydrocarbon indicator. For example, the amplitude of a reflection might increase with the angle of incidence, a possible indicator of natural gas. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41784423 |
Pulau virus (PuV) is a novel strain of Nelson Bay orthoreovirus species. It is a double-stranded RNA virus. It is fusogenic and syncytia-forming. It varies from Nelson Bay virus in the S1 and S2 nucleotide segments. It was isolated from a small flying fox ("Pteropus hypomelanus") on Tioman Island, Malaysia in 2000. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41785770 |
Emil Weiske (1867, Dolsenhain bei Altenburg – 1950, Saalfeld) was a German naturalist. was a professional collector of insects and birds. He emigrated to California in 1890 and to Hawaii in 1892. He made expeditions to the Fiji Islands in 1894 and to New Zealand and Australia in 1895. He became a professional collector in New Guinea dealing especially in birds of paradise (1895 -1900). Later expeditions were to Northeast Siberia, Lake Baikal and North-Mongolia (1908) and then to Patagonia (mainly to the Rio Negro und Limay) and Paraguay (mainly) Concepcion (1911). His collections were mostly birds, mammals, molluscs, reptiles and amphibiens, beetles, butterflies, herbaria and ethnological artefacts. His associates were, among others George Meyer-Darcis, Carl Ribbe, Friedrich Wilhelm Niepelt, the Otto Staudinger Staudinger & Bang-Haas dealership Walter Rothschild and Henley Grose-Smith. He maintained a private museum in Saalfeld where he gave lectures on natural history and his travels. Insects (all orders but especially Hymenoptera, Coleoptera and Lepidoptera collected by are held by Zoologische Staatssammlung München in Munich, Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin and the Natural History Museum, London (via the Natural History Museum at Tring). Birds collected by Weiske are in Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde, Natural History Museum, London, Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin Museum für Naturkunde and Naturkundemuseum Leipzig | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41791980 |
Emil Weiske Other collections are in Naturhistorisches Museum Wien and Museum für Völkerkunde in Vienna. He is honoured in the butterfly names "Graphium weiskei" and "Delias weiskei" and the bird name New Guinea hawk-eagle ("Hieraaetus weiskei"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41791980 |
Clumping factor The clumping factor is a measurement of how density varies within a gaseous medium, and is commonly used in astrophysical settings where gas is not distributed uniformly. Gas densities can vary over many orders of magnitude, from the low density plasma in the Intergalactic medium between galaxies, to the neutral and dense molecular regions in the interstellar medium inside of galaxies. Moreover, gas throughout space is turbulent implying it has density structure on all spatial scales. The amount that gas clumps is important to know in astronomy when trying to infer gas properties from observations. The clumping of gas, and not just the amount of gas present, affects the luminosity of gas as it cools. The clumping factor is a measure of the density variation of a medium. It is defined as: where averaging is spatial. It is related to the variance of the density field by the square of the average density: Cooling rates and emission scale as the particle number density squared (collision rates have this scaling). Therefore, the clumping factor can be used to convert from density inferred by emission observations assuming uniform density, to true average gas density: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41799896 |
Volcanic sublimate A volcanic sublimate or fumarolic sublimate is a mineral which forms directly from volcanic gas, by the process of deposition, during an eruption or discharge from a volcanic vent or fumarole. Native sulfur is a common sublimate mineral and various halides, sulfides and sulfates occur in this environment associated with fumaroles and eruptions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41801986 |
K. S. Jayaraman is an Indian science journalist. He was the first Science Editor of the Press Trust of India (PTI), India's premier News agency. He was also the Editor of Nature India, Science Editor with IANS and has written extensively in Indian and international publications. He has contributed immensely to the growth of Science journalism in India. Dr Jayaraman joined Press Trust of India in 1973 after completing his Doctorate from University of Maryland in the US in Nuclear Physics in 1969 and M.S. in Journalism from the Medill School of Journalism, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, in the United States in 1971.. He established the PTI Science Service in 1981 and became the most respected word on Science Policy and Regulations. He has written widely on Healthcare science, Space research, Military science, Biotechnology and Astrophysics. He was also a member of many committees set up by the Government of India. He established the Indian Science Writers Association (ISWA) in 1985 in New Delhi and was the first president of the Association. In 1974, he received Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan's Chandrakant Vora Memorial Award for best reporting and, in February 1989, became the first recipient of the National Award for the best S&T coverage in the mass media from the government Department of Science and Technology. Currently he spends his retirement life between Bangalore and Singapore. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41808044 |
Spinareovirinae is a subfamily of viruses in the family "Reoviridae". Viruses in this group are distinguished by the presence of a turreted protein on the inner capsid. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41813791 |
Sergio (carbonado) Sergio (Portuguese: Carbonado do Sérgio) is the largest carbonado and the largest rough diamond ever found. It weighed and was found above ground in Lençóis (State of Bahia, Brazil) in 1895 by Sérgio Borges de Carvalho. Like other carbonados it is believed to be of meteoritic origin. "Sergio" was first sold for $16,000 and later for $25,000 to Joalheria Kahn and Co. and shipped to G. Kahn in Paris, who sold it to I. K. Gulland of London in September 1895 for £6,400. There, it was broken up into small pieces as industrial diamond drills. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41826295 |
BIT Life Sciences (or BIT Congress Inc., BIT Group Global Ltd) is a for profit meetings, incentives, conferencing, exhibitions (MICE) company based in Dalian, China, that specializes in arranging multiple scientific congresses that have been described as "predatory". The company is part of a wave of organizations that have appeared in China in the past several years noted for arranging congresses with little academic merit and with the primary aim of generating revenue rather than scientific knowledge sharing. Papers submitted are usually accepted without revisions within 24 hours, and BIT has frequently been spoofed (see this example: http://witchdoctor.ca/?p=892). The business model of this company usually involves sending promotional email to invite attendees and speakers, at the same time, registration fee will be provided based on different levels of speakers in relevant fields. Unlike traditional model of scientific congresses in which abstracts are usually submitted and peer reviewed before being accepted for presentation, speakers are guaranteed a speaking role as long as the attendance fees are paid. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41857353 |
Mohawk–Hudson convergence (MHC) is a mesoscale meteorology phenomenon occurring over the Capital District region of upstate New York, United States. The small convergence zone forms within specific weather conditions sometimes found in the wake of extratropical cyclones shifting east of the area. Given air pressure decreasing with both longitude and latitude, as well as weak synoptic low-level flow, winds are channeled east along the Mohawk Valley and south through the Hudson Valley, converging over Albany. With sufficient moisture in the lower atmosphere, a localized area of precipitation may form where the valleys meet, extending for several miles around Albany. The process manifests primarily in the lowest of the atmosphere. MHC-induced precipitation occurs predominately in the winter. It typically produces low clouds and light snowfall, often locally prolonging significant snow events by several hours. The strongest MHC events may yield snowfall rates approaching 1 in (2.5 cm) per hour. Occasionally, MHC contributes to shower and thunderstorm formation in the warm season. In early August 2008, two days of training thunderstorms over the Capital District were attributed to MHC; the result was locally heavy rain, amounting to over . A relatively rare variation of MHC, termed "Southern Mohawk–Hudson convergence" (SMHC), occurs in the summer, when a southwesterly wind is present in advance of an approaching cold front | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41868858 |
Mohawk–Hudson convergence In that scenario, the Hudson and Mohawk valleys may direct the flow to become more southerly and westerly, respectively, yielding the formation of thunderstorms around Albany when conditions permit. As with MHC, SMHC is most pronounced in the absence of mechanisms for strong synoptic ascent over the region. Whereas the effects of the convergence zone are generally insignificant in the winter, SMHC presents more of a forecasting challenge when thunderstorms rapidly develop threaten and to impede travel at Albany International Airport. Thunderstorms associated with SMHC have the potential to become severe. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41868858 |
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