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Edgar Riek Edgar Frederick Riek (1920–2016) was an Australian entomologist and invertebrate zoologist known for his research on fossil insects and the taxonomy of freshwater crayfish. He later became known as prominent viticulturist and winemaker. Affiliated with the CSIRO for over 30 years, he wrote the first pocket field guide to Australian insects, described over 230 species, and is commemorated in the names of over 80 species. After retiring from the CSIRO he became a noted figure in the Australian wine industry, co-founding the Canberra and District Vignerons Association and receiving the Order of Australia Medal (1996) for his work. Riek was born 1 May 1920 in Napier, New Zealand, to Australian parents. He was raised in Caboolture, Queensland, attended Brisbane Grammar School, and entered the University of Queensland in 1939 where he worked as an assistant in the Geology Department. He majored in Geology and Biology, earned a B.S. from the University of Queensland in 1942 , and taught zoology there from 1943 to 1945 while earning a M.S. on freshwater animals of Queensland, awarded 1946. In 1945 he joined the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, a precursor to the CSIRO, as an assistant in the Division of Economic Entomology in Canberra. He retired in 1976. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59353031 |
Georg Ludwig Scharfenberg ( 28 December 1746 , Hümpfershausen - 2 December 1810,Ritschenhausen ) was a German entomologist and a Lutheran pastor. He was the son of a teacher and was educated at the University of Halle. Scharfenberg published notes on insects in "Journal für Liebhaber der Entomologie" edited by Ludwig Gottlieb Scriba. He described "Paraswammerdamia albicapitella", "Operophtera fagata" and "Bucculatrix bechsteinella"(with Bechstein). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59378407 |
Hugo Moreno Roa is a Chilean geologist known for his studies of Chilean volcanoes. In 2015 he was awarded the prize Medalla “Juan Brüggen” by Colegio de Geólogos. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59393102 |
Hans Hirschke Hans Hirschke, sometimes Hanns (1850, Brno-1921, Vienna), was an Austrian entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera. He was first a linen weaver in Brno, then a gardener's apprentice. In 1899 he was Head of the Exchange Office Vienna and a Member of the Entomological Association of Vienna (Österreichischen Entomologischen Vereins). described "Alcis bastelbergeri" and "Phengaris rebeli" in "Jber. Wien. ent. Ver". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59406918 |
Ernst Heeger (1783, Perchtoldsdorf1866, Laxenburg), was an Austrian amateur entomologist. He was a graduate of the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna ,a "Privatcadet" in the Napoleonic Wars,and from 1816 an employee of the Magistrat (administrative authority) of Vienna Later he founded a school of languages and drawing in Modling. As an entomologist, he was particularly interested in the biology of insects and in the benefits and damage caused by insects. He collaborated with Vincenz Kollar.He published a series of entomology works entitled "Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Insecten" and he was a pioneer of micrography publishing "Album microscopisch-photographischer Darstellungen aus dem Gebiete der Zoologie" between 1861 and 1863. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59408000 |
Rudolf Graf Walderdorff Count Rudolf von Walderdorff (died 1866) was an Austrian malacologist and entomologist. He was a member of the Walderdorff family, a noble German family. He was a captain in the Austrian Imperial Army. He was killed in the Battle of Königgrätz. (1864) System. Verzeichniss der im Kreise Cattaro (Süd-Dalmatien) mit Ausnahme der Biela-Gora und in einigen angrenzenden Theilen von Montenegro und türkisch Albanien vorkommenden Land- und Süsswasser-Mollusken. "Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft" in Wien. 14: 503- ]514. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59417516 |
Ludwig Anker (1822, Budapest1887) was a Hungarian entomologist. He was an insect dealer. Anker described "Chondrosoma fiduciaria" Anker, 1854 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59418192 |
Baffin Basin The is an oceanic basin located in the middle of Baffin Bay between Baffin Island and Greenland. With a maximum depth of over , the basin represents the deepest point of Baffin Bay. The basin formed as a result of seafloor spreading at the time of the opening of Baffin Bay around 56 million years ago. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59419259 |
Johann Müller-Rutz (28 February 1854, Räuchlisberg – 7 May 1944, St. Gallen) was a Swiss entomologist who specialised in the study of microlepidoptera, small moths. He trained as an embroidery artist and worked in first in Müllheim (1885-1888) and then in St. Gallen where he was teacher of embroidery designs at the Industrial and Trade Centre St. Gallen. published fauna studies, revisions and descriptions of new species in "Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft". Together with Karl Vorbrodt he wrote "Die Schmetterlinge der Schweiz" (Butterflies of Switzerland) Bern K.J. Wyss, 1911-1914. His collection of Palearctic Lepidoptera is divided between the Natural History Museum of Basel and the Natural History Museum of Bern. It is rich in specimens from the Canton of Thurgau, the Alpstein and the Alps. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59426815 |
Karl Vorbrodt Karl Vorbrodt, or Carl, (1865, Wabern - 1932, Morcote) was a Swiss entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera and microlepidoptera). published fauna studies, revisions and descriptions of new species in "Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft". Together with Johann Müller-Rutz he wrote "Die Schmetterlinge der Schweiz" (Butterflies of Switzerland) Bern K.J. Wyss, 1911-1914. His collection of Palearctic Lepidoptera is in the Natural History Museum of Bern. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59442895 |
Herbert Bolton (palaeontologist) Herbert Bolton (1863–18 January 1936) was a British palaeontologist and director of the Bristol Museum and Art Gallery for nearly 20 years. He was known as an authority on fossil insects. He was born in Bacup, Lancashire, England and attended classes at night school whilst working in a mill. He afterwards studied at the Royal College of Science, London and Owens College, Manchester, where he was awarded an M.Sc. Trained in geology and paleontology, he worked as assistant keeper (1890–1898) and curator (1898–1911) at Manchester Museum before becoming Director of the Bristol Museum and Art Gallery (1911–1930). He published several books, including the two volume "Monograph of the Fossil insects of the British Coal Measures" (1922). He was awarded the Murchison Fund for 1922 by the Geological Society. He died in retirement in Reading, Berkshire. His daughter Edith (born 1893) became a botanist. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59444889 |
Abell S1063 is a cluster of galaxies located in the constellation Grus. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59449751 |
Ludwig Imhoff (22 October 1801 in Basel - 13 September 1868 ) was a Swiss physician and entomologist. Imhoff was the son of a merchant Hieronymus Imhoff and his wife Johanna nee Wenk in Basel. He attended the Samuel Hopf school in Basel, which followed the educational methods of Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi. He then attended the Pädagogium in Basel. In 1820 he began law studies but switched to medicine. He studied medicine in Strasbourg, Heidelberg, Halle and Berlin. In 1826, after completing his studies, he returned to Basel. Here he worked as a doctor and naturalist. He married Maria Julia Auguste Heitz in 1829. habilitated at the University of Basel as a zoologist with a focus on entomology. Also from 1826 he began his work on the entomological collection of the Natural History Museum of Basel. He also made a collection of European insects for the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. Imhoff was a member of several natural history societies, as from 1826 Naturforschenden Gesellschaft des Kantons Basel and from 1827 Schweizerischen Naturhistorischen Gesellschaft. From 1859 to 1868–1870 he was Präsident der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaf. He was particularly active in the field of classification of Hymenoptera and Coleoptera. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59458530 |
Climate Policy (journal) Climate Policy is an interdisciplinary peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing high quality research and analysis on all aspects of climate change policy, including both mitigation and adaptation.. It was launched in 2000 and is published ten times per year by Taylor & Francis. The current Editors-in-Chief are Frank Jotzo (Australian National University) and Harald Winkler (University of Cape Town). The Editor is Joanna Depledge. According to the "Journal Citation Reports", the journal has a 2018 two-year impact factor of 4.797 and a five-year impact factor of 4.073. It is ranked 1st out of 47 in the Public Administration ranking and 15th out of 116 in Environmental Studies. The Journal works closely with its Associate Editors and Editorial Board, whose international membership reflects a wide range of expertise in climate policy-making and implementation. Climate Policy is published in partnership with Climate Strategies, with which it shares a blog Climate Policy was founded in 2000 by Michael Grubb (now Professor of Climate Change and Energy Policy, University College London), who saw a gap in academic publishing on the emerging issue of climate change. Journals existed on the science of climate change, but none focussed on the national and international policy dimensions | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59458771 |
Climate Policy (journal) The scientific evidence for climate change was becoming clearer, including through the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and governments had declared their commitment to address the problem by adopting the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992 and the Kyoto Protocol in 1997. New research was urgently needed on policy tools and approaches that could start to move the world onto a lower-carbon and more climate-resilient path. The vision of Climate Policy was to encourage such policy-relevant research, and make it accessible to anyone involved in tackling climate change. The first issue of Climate Policy, initially published by Elsevier, was released in November 2000, immediately before the sixth Conference of the Parties (COP 6) to the UNFCCC. The first full volume was published in 2001, with four issues. Michael Grubb served as Editor-in-Chief up to 2016. The first Editor was Richard Lorch (to 2013), followed by Peter Mallaburn (2014-2016). Climate Policy's central aim is to help inform the response to climate change by publishing rigorous, evidence-based research and analysis that is accessible and relevant, not only to academics, but also to policymakers and practitioners from all sectors. It provides a platform for new ideas, innovative approaches and research-based insights that can help advance climate policy in practice. As an interdisciplinary, policy-focussed journal, Climate Policy actively encourages submissions from all relevant academic fields | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59458771 |
Climate Policy (journal) As part of its international and interdisciplinary scope, Climate Policy publishes papers on the full range of sectors implicated in climate change, and on the many policy options and governance approaches that are being implemented or proposed around the world. Of particular interest are evaluations of existing policy instruments and approaches, as well as analyses of innovative proposals and emerging issues that are new to the literature or the empirical arena. Climate Policy publishes the following article types: In addition to its 10 issues a year, Climate Policy publishes occasional special issues and supplements focussed on major emerging issues, and guest edited by experts in the field. Recent special issues and supplements have included the following: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59458771 |
Phenylmercuric nitrate is an organomercury compound with powerful antiseptic and antifungal effects. It was once commonly used as a topical solution for disinfecting wounds, but as with all organomercury compounds it is highly toxic, especially to the kidneys, and is no longer used in this application. However it is still used in low concentrations as a preservative in eye drops for ophthalmic use, making it one of the few organomercury derivatives remaining in current medical use. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59468239 |
Adolph Rössler Adolf Rössler (1814, Usingen – 1885, Wiesbaden), was a German entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera.Amongst others he described "Cochylidia moguntiana" (Rössler, 1864) , "Aethes bilbaensis" (Rössler, 1877) and "Eupithecia millefoliata" Rössler, 1866 Adolf Rössler, also Adolph, was a jurist and artist. His collection of Palearctic Lepidoptera is held by Museum Wiesbaden. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59471555 |
Golconda Thrust The is a major oceanic terrane that was thrust over central and northern Nevada, North America, in possibly sometime between the Late Permian and the late Jurassic. It is considered equivalent to the Tobin thrust fault. It contains the Havallah sequence. The time of the is not perfectly clear, and it may pre-date the Sonoma orogeny. Other references suspect it appears to have thrust during the Sonoma orogeny. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59471846 |
Perpendicular paramagnetic bond A perpendicular paramagnetic bond is a type of chemical bond (in contrast to covalent or ionic bonds) that does not exist under normal, atmospheric conditions. Such a phenomenon was first hypothesized through simulation to exist in the atmospheres of white dwarf stars whose magnetic fields, on the order of 10 teslas, allow such interactions to exist. Normally, at such intense temperatures as those near a white dwarf, more common molecular bonds cannot form and existing ones decompose. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59478233 |
Taitao ophiolite () is an ophiolite in Taitao Peninsula of western Patagonia, Chile. The ophiolite crops out about 10 km w to the east of the Peru-Chile trench and 50 km to the south of Chile Triple Junction —two features to which it is related. The ophiolite formed in connection to the subduction of the Chile Rise, a mid-ocean ridge, beneath South America. More specifically it has been proposed that the ophiolite formed in a rift of the forearc region of the South American plate. The presents a pseudostratigraphy with the following lithologies; peridotite, pyroxenite, gabbro, sheeted dykes of diabase, pillow lava and sedimentary rock. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59487040 |
Nicole Capitaine (born Nicole Taton on March 14, 1948) is an astronomer at the Paris Observatory who is known as an expert on astrometry and related standards. In 1969, Capitaine received a bachelor's degree ("licence") from the Faculty of Sciences in Paris in mathematics. (She was thus one of the last graduates of this subdivision of the university before its re-organization in the wake of the Paris disturbances of 1968.) In 1970 she graduated with a degree in astronomy from Pierre and Marie Curie University. The same year she joined the Paris Observatory as an assistant. She then held several positions there before becoming an astronomer in charge of research. In 1972, she received a PhD in astronomy at the Pierre and Marie Curie University. In 1982, she wrote her habilitation thesis, giving her the status of direct researcher. Capitaine became deputy director of the Department of Fundamental Astronomy at the Paris Observatory in 1985. She became the director in 1993. Her scientific activity was carried out mainly within the framework of the Space Geodesy Research Group (GRGS), as well as various working groups of the International Astronomical Union. In 2002, still at the Paris Observatory, she became a full-time astronomer in the SYRTE department (Space Time Reference Systems). In 2013, she retired and became an emeritus astronomer | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59499250 |
Nicole Capitaine Her work, carried out in the framework of a large international cooperation, led to a better definition of reference systems and time scales for astronomy, as well as to a better knowledge of the rotation of the Earth. They have also led to the adoption by the IAU and IUGG (International Geodesic and Geophysical Union) of new parameters and models for astronomy and geodesy, which are essential for many applications to space dynamics and the dynamics of the solar system. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59499250 |
John Alexander Watt (1868–1958) was an Australian geologist and mineralogist and participant of the 1894 Horn Expedition to Central Australia. Born in Parramatta, New South Wales, Watt graduated from the University of Sydney. He died in Tenterfield. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59500491 |
NGC 712 is a lenticular galaxy located 230 million light-years away in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered by astronomer John Herschel in October 1828 and is a member of Abell 262. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59510003 |
Rocas Verdes ophiolites The () are a series of greenschists and other rocks constituting ophiolites in Magallanes Region, southernmost Chile. The represent the continental-oceanic crust that existed in a back-arc basin in the Mesozoic Era as result of extensional tectonics. This back-arc basin then evolved into the Magallanes foreland basin in the Cenozoic Era within the context of the wider Andean orogeny. The main are the Sarmiento and Tortuga complexes. Volcanic rocks in both complexes belong to the tholeiitic magma series. While neither represent true oceanic crust Tortugas complex is more alike top these compositions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59517171 |
NGC 732 is a lenticular galaxy located 250 million light-years away in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered by astronomer Édouard Stephan on December 5, 1883 and is member of Abell 262. On July 20, 2017 a type Ia supernova designated as was discovered in NGC 732. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59519520 |
Ardenticatena is a Gram-negative, thermophilic and chemoheterotrophic genus of bacteria from the family of Ardenticatenaceae with one known species ("maritima"). "maritima" has been isolated from iron-rich sediments from a coastal hydrothermal field from Kagoshima in Japan. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59520971 |
George Walter Tyrrell Dr FRSE FGS (1883–1961) was a 20th-century British geologist, glaciologist and petrologist. A specialist in Arctic and Antarctic landscapes he was the first to describe the recticular glaciers of Spitzbergen. Mount Tyrrell on Alexander Island in Antarctica is named after him, as is the Tyrrell Glacier on South Georgia. He was born in Watford on 30 May 1883 the eldest son of George Tyrrell and his wife Annie. He was educated at Watford Grammar School, then studied Geology at the Royal College of Science under Prof J W Judd. In 1906 he began teaching Geology at Glasgow University under John Walter Gregory. In 1919 he was geological advisor of a Scottish trip to Spitzbergen and in 1924 led a geological trip in Iceland. The university awarded him two doctorates: a PhD in 1923 and DSc in 1931. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1918. His proposers were John Horne, Ben Peach, Thomas James Jehu and Robert Kidston. He won the Society's Neill Prize for 1931-33. He was Vice President of the Society from 1940 to 1943. In 1931 he won the Murchison Medal awarded by the Royal Geographical Society. Rising to Senior Lecturer he retired from Glasgow University in 1948, then spending some years lecturing in Canada and the United States. He died in Bearsden in the Glasgow suburbs on 20 July 1961. In 1906 he married Alice Annie Williman. In 1950, aged 67, he married Ursula Joan Dermont. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59536774 |
Fine Gold Intrusive Suite The is one of several intrusive suites that crosses into Yosemite National Park. These also include The is an intrusive suite which is massive (more than 3100 square kilometers) and long-lived (ca. 19 million years). The intrudes both accreted oceanic terranes, and/or island-arc terranes, and, also continental crust. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59548780 |
NGC 741 NGC 741, also known as IC 1751 and PGC 7252, is a formerly active radio galaxy in the constellation of Pisces. Located 66.3 Mpc away, NGC 751 is part of a group of galaxies including NGC 742 and PGC 7250. and NGC 742 recently collided, although the disruption was minor. Radio filaments have been found connecting to NGC 742, and due to the bent structure of the radio filaments, is estimated to be moving at 1400 km/s with respect to its local group, suggesting that ram-pressure stripping was created as a product of the former merger. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59552758 |
Intrusive Suite of Buena Vista Crest The is an intrusive suite which extends southward, from Yosemite Valley to Yosemite National Park's southeastern boundary, into plutons of the Sierra Nevada Batholith, which are slightly older. These intrusive suites also include The came to be roughly 100 to 90 Ma. It is roughly the same age as the Washburn Lake Intrusive Suite and the Merced Peak Intrusive Suite, both of which are to the east of the Intrusive Suite of Buena Vista Crest. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59556665 |
Katharine Michie Katharine Arwen Michie is an Australian physicist. In 2005 she was named a Fellow of the L'Oréal-UNESCO Awards for Women in Science. Michie completed her doctoral degree at the University of Sydney. In 2005 she received a L'Oréal-UNESCO Fellowship and spent the next five years working with Jan Löwe at the Medical Research Council (United Kingdom) in Cambridge, England. She carried out research into the structure and function of Structural Maintenance of Chromosome (SMC) complexes and how they exert molecular control over the topological and spatial organization of chromosomes. She returned to Australia in 2012, initially to the University of Sydney and then from 2015, the University of New South Wales, Sydney. At UNSW she is the head of the Protein Structure Laboratory. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59560508 |
Intrusive Suite of Yosemite Valley The (see Yosemite Valley) is one of several intrusive suites in Yosemite National Park. These also include It is an intrusive suite composed mainly of granitic rocks, which near the metasedimentary pendant have locally mingled with granitic to gabbroic compositions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59569409 |
Villogorgia rubra is a species of colonial soft coral sea fan in the family Plexauridae. The scientific name of the species was first validly published in 1899 by Isa Hiles. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59587773 |
Acanthopleuribacter pedis is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium found in marine environments. Colonies on marine agar are circular, smooth and yellow in color. are found on marine agar at a temperature of 15–30°C (optimally at 30 °C), and grows at a pH of 5–9 (optimally at pH 7–8). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59605239 |
Acidianus rod-shaped virus 1 is a species of Bacteriophage in the order "Ligamenvirales" and family "Rudiviridae". Its only known host is the Archaea, "Acidianus" sp. Acii26. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59605282 |
Acidicapsa ferrireducens is a species of bacterium originally isolated from metal-rich acidic waters. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59611005 |
Intrusive Suite of Sonora Pass The (also, the Sonora Pass Intrusive Suite) is one of several intrusive suites in Yosemite National Park. These also include The is ~92-89 Ma, and is the northernmost of four large Late Cretaceous zoned intrusive suites in the central Sierra Nevada batholith. On a large scale, it is composed of Kinney Lakes granodiorite and the younger Topaz Lake granodiorite. On a finer scale, the is made of light-gray, coarse-grained biotite granodiorite, plus granite with roughly equant, well-formed potassium feldspar phenocrysts composing about 2–10% of the rock. Quartz usually occurs in clots of . The mafic mineral content is about 10%.<ref name=" Yosemite National Park: Geologic resources inventory report. Natural Resource Report NPS/NRSS/GRD/NRR"></ref> | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59611883 |
Frank-van der Merwe growth Frank–van der Merwe growth ("FM growth") is one of the three primary modes by which thin films grow epitaxially at a crystal surface or interface. It is also knows as 'layer-by-layer growth'. It is considered an ideal growth model, requiring perfect lattice matching between the substrate and the layer growing on to it, and it is usually limited to homoepitaxy. For FM growth to occur, the atoms that are to be deposited should be more attracted to the substrate than to each other, this in contrast to the layer-plus-island growth model The FM growth is the preferred growth model for producing smooth films. It was first described by South African physicist Jan van der Merwe and British physicist Frederick Charles Frank in a series of four papers based on Van der Merwe's PhD research between 1947 and 1949. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59616019 |
NGC 7190 is a barred lenticular galaxy registered in the New General Catalogue. It is located in the direction of the Pegasus constellation. It was discovered by the French astronomer Édouard Stephan in 1870 using an 80.01 cm (31.5 inch) reflector. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59616443 |
Edwin Goldmann (12 November 1862 – 13 August 1913) was a biomedical researcher and surgeon most famous for his contributions in first characterizing the blood–brain barrier. Goldmann's mentor, Paul Ehrlich, was studying staining in his bacteriological studies by injecting aniline dyes in several species of animal. While most of the anatomy stained equally well, the brain tissue exhibited less staining in many species. Goldmann discovered that when the dye (namely, trypan blue) was injected directly into the central nervous system instead of into the other organs, the brain would stain equally well as other organs — but the stain would not travel to the rest of the body. This suggested the presence of a compartmentalization between the cerebrospinal fluid and the vasculature of the rest of the body. This barrier was first hypothesized by a Berlin physician, Max Lewandowsky, in 1900 (prior to Goldmann's empirical evidence). died from liver cancer in Freiburg on 13 August 1913. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59620996 |
Aleksandr Voskresensky Aleksandr Abramovich Voskresensky (Russian: Александр Абрамович Воскресенский; 25 November 1808 – 21 January 1880) was a Russian chemist who served as rector of Saint Petersburg Imperial University in 1861–1863 and 1865–1867. Dmitri Mendeleev regarded him as a "grandfather of Russian chemistry". One of his major scientific achievements is the discovery of theobromine, the major alkaloid of cacao beans. Voskresensky was born to a family of a poor priest, who died in 1814. He had one sister and one brother. From early ages he showed talents for sciences, and, after graduating from the St. Petersburg Institute of Pedagogy in 1836, was sent to Germany to continue his education. There he attended courses of Eilhard Mitscherlich, Heinrich Rose and Justus von Liebig, who considered Voskresensky one his most talented students. With Liebig he started his own chemical research. After returning to Russia in 1838 he was appointed as assistant to Prof. Solovyov at University of St. Petersburg. In 1839 he defended his PhD on quinic acid under supervision of Germain Henri Hess, and in 1843 was promoted to professor. Hess died in 1850, and Voskresensky took over all his teaching duties, simultaneously lecturing in several St. Petersburg institutions. His students included Nikolay Beketov, Nikolai Menshutkin and Dmitri Mendeleev. After serving as rector of Saint Petersburg Imperial University in 1861–1863 and 1865–1867 he briefly moved to Kharkiv, but soon returned to St | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59622667 |
Aleksandr Voskresensky Petersburg, where he spent his later years on improving secondary education. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59622667 |
NGC 7199 is a spiral galaxy registered in the New General Catalogue. It is located in the direction of the Indus constellation. It was discovered by the English astronomer John Herschel in 1835 using a 47.5 cm (18.7 inch) reflector. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59624291 |
Sulfolobus islandicus filamentous virus is a species of Bacteriophage in the order "Ligamenvirales". Its only known host is the Archaea "Sulfolobus islandicus". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59627488 |
Phenine nanotube A phenine nanotube is a derivation or variant of short carbon nanotubes first reported in 2019. They have a precise cylindrical structure with pores and a length index of 7, and have been made by a 9 step process starting with 1,3-dibromobenzene. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59634425 |
Roman Smoluchowski (born 31 August 1910 in Zakopane; died 12 January 1996 in Austin, Texas) was a notable physicist who worked in Poland, and after World War II settled in Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton. He was the son of the statistical physics pioneer Marian Smoluchowski. In 1974, was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship. In 1984, the minor planet 4530 Smoluchowski was named after him. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59641300 |
Mikhail Dyakonov Mikhail (Michel) Dyakonov born in 1940 in Leninrad (now Saint Petersburg), Russia, is professor of physics at Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université Montpellier - CNRS in France. His name is connected with several physical phenomena: Dyakonov-Perel spin relaxation mechanism, Dyakonov-Shur plasma wave instability. In 1971,together with V.I. Perel he has predicted the Spin Hall Effect, which has become a field of intense studies. He theoretically predicted a new class of surface electromagnetic waves, now called Dyakonov surface waves (DSWs) in 1988. Unlike other types of acoustic and electromagnetic surface waves, the DSW's existence is due to the difference in symmetry of materials forming the interface. These waves are important at the interface of a biaxial anisotropic dielectric with an isotropic medium, metamaterials and they have also found use in terahertz applications. Awards: Professor Dyakonov is a recipient of the State prize (USSR) in physics for theoretical work on spin dynamics (1976), the Frenkel prize of the St. Petersburg Physical Society, for theory of streamer discharge (1992) the Ioffe prize of the Russian Academy of Sciences for the theory of hot luminescence (1993), Beller Lectureship Award from the American Physical Society (2009) and the Grand prize from the French Physical Society (2009). Dyakonov is also well known for his critique of implementations of quantum computers.. He argues that practical quantum computers are not likely to be implemented | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59643870 |
Mikhail Dyakonov He says: "There is a tremendous gap between the rudimentary but very hard experiments that have been carried out with a few qubits and the extremely developed quantum-computing theory, which relies on manipulating thousands to millions of qubits to calculate anything useful. That gap is not likely to be closed anytime soon." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59643870 |
Haploviricotina is a subphylum of viruses in the phylum "Negarnaviricota". It is one of only two virus subphyla, the other being "Polyploviricotina", which is also in "Negarnaviricota". The name comes from , the Ancient Greek for 'simple', along with the suffix for a virus subphylum; 'viricotina'. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59645446 |
Polyploviricotina is a subphylum of viruses in the phylum "Negarnaviricota". It is one of only two virus subphyla, the other being "Haploviricotina", which is also in "Negarnaviricota". The name comes from , the Ancient Greek for 'complex', along with the suffix for a virus subphylum; 'viricotina'. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59645501 |
Articulavirales is the only order of viruses in the monotypic class Insthoviricetes. The name "Articulavirales" comes from the Latin (segmented) added to the suffix for virus orders "-virales". "Insthoviricetes" derives from a contraction of influenza, "Isavirus", and "Thogotovirus" along with "-viricetes", the suffix for a virus class. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59656957 |
Mivirus is a genus of viruses. It is the only genus in the family Chuviridae, which is the only family in Jingchuvirales. "Jingchuvirales" and "Mononegavirales" are the only orders in "Monjiviricetes". The name "Mivirus" derives from (), the ancestral name of King Zhuang of Chu during the Spring and Autumn period, along with "-virus" the suffix for a virus genus. "Chuviridae" gets its name from (), meaning Chǔ state, added to "-viridae" the suffix for a virus family. "Jingchuvirales" is from (), a synonym for Chǔ, along with "-virales" the suffix for a virus order. The following species are recognized: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59657769 |
Yingvirus is a genus of viruses. It is the only genus in the family Qinviridae, which is the only family in Muvirales, which is the only order in Chunqiuviricetes. The name "Yingvirus" derives from (), the ancestral name of Duke Mù of Qín during the Spring and Autumn period, along with "-virus" the suffix for a virus genus. "Qinviridae" gets its name from (), meaning Qín State, added to "-viridae" the suffix for a virus family. "Muvirales" is from (), again for Duke Mù of Qín, along with "-virales" the suffix for a virus order. "Chunqiuviricetes" is from (), or Spring and Autumn period, attached to "-viricetes" the suffix for a virus class. Little is known about the structure of "Yingvirus" species and their genome. Genome lengths according to NCBI are: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59659379 |
NGC 7196 is an elliptical galaxy registered in the New General Catalogue. It is located in the direction of the Indus constellation, at a distance of circa 150 million light years. It was discovered by the English astronomer John Herschel in 1834 using a 47.5 cm (18.7 inch) reflector. appears slightly distorted, with asymmetric outer isophotes. Asymmetry is also observed near the centre. The inner luminosity pattern resembles that of lenticular galaxies with circumscribing dust lanes, except that the feature is extremely close to the center. A shell has been observed around the galaxy. Shells are generally considered to have formed after the accretion of a smaller galaxy by a massive one. It has weak radio wave emission. is the foremost member of a galaxy group known as the group, which also includes NGC 7200 and some dwarf elliptical and irregular galaxies. In the same galaxy cloud lies NGC 7168. lies in the foreground of galaxy cluster known as Abell S0989. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59662178 |
NGC 7191 is a spiral galaxy registered in the New General Catalogue. It is located in the direction of the Indus constellation. It was discovered by the English astronomer John Herschel in 1835 using a 47.5 cm (18.7 inch) reflector. It is a member of the galaxy group known as the NGC 7192 group, named after its brightest member, NGC 7192. Other members of the group include NGC 7179, and NGC 7219. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59662333 |
Jena Phyletisches Museum (or Jena Phyletic Museum) is a museum in the German town of Jena. It was established by the scientist Ernst Haeckel, as an institute dedicated to explaining evolution to the public. Exhibits include skeletons, stuffed animals, fossils and zoological artworks from Haeckel's Kunstformen der Natur, and cover topics including the principles of evolution, biodiversity and the links between different taxonomic groups. A temporary exhibit for 2019 will feature an aquarium of living jellyfish. The museum can be found on Vor dem Neutor, close to Jena Paradies station and only about 150m from the town centre. It is open Tuesday to Sunday except for Christmas and New Year, and there is a small fee for entry. Collections of zoological specimens which had been assembled in Jena in the 18th and 19th Centuries were donated to the museum. Some items date back to when Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was director of the university's antomical-zoological collection. The museum building was designed in an Art Nouveau style by the architect Carl Dittmar, based on sketches by Ernst Haeckel, then built in 1907 (construction beginning on 28 August 1907) and given by Haeckel to the University of Jena on 30 July 1908, as a gesture to mark the university's 350th anniversary, but no permanent exhibits were placed in the museum until 1912. The walls are decorated with scientific terms coined by Haeckel - 'Phylogenie' and 'Ontogenie'. In 2008, a light show was projected on the building as part of the 'Jena Leuchtet' event | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59663050 |
Jena Phyletisches Museum Today the museum is part of the university's department of special zoology and evolutionary biology and stores 500,000 items. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59663050 |
Monjiviricetes is a class of viruses in the subphylum "Haploviricotina". The name is derived from a contraction of the names of the two orders within it, "Mononegavirales" and "Jingchuvirales" and the suffix for a virus order "-viricetes". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59665870 |
Extremophiles in biotechnology is the application of organisms that thrive in extreme environments to biotechnology. Extremophiles are organisms that thrive in the most volatile environments on the planet and it is due to their talents that they haven begun playing a large role in biotechnology. These organisms live everywhere from environments of high acidity or salinity to areas with limited or no oxygen are places they call home. Scientists show keen interest in organisms with rare or strange talents and in the past 20-30 years extremophiles have been at the forefront with thousands of researchers delving into their abilities. The area in which there has been the most talk, research, and development in relation to these organisms is biotechnology. Scientists around the globe are either extracting DNA to modify genomes or directly using extremophiles to complete tasks. Thanks to the discovery and interest in these organisms the enzymes used in PCR were found, making the rapid replication of DNA in the lab possible. Since they gained the spotlight researchers have been amassing databases of genome data for the hopes that new traits and abilities can be used to further biotechnical advancements Everything from the biodegradation of waste to the production of new fuels is on the horizon with the developments made in the field of biotechnology. There are many different kinds of extremophiles with each kind favoring a different environment | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59675902 |
Extremophiles in biotechnology These organisms have become more and more important to biotechnology as their genomes have been uncovered, revealing a plethora of genetic potential. Currently the main uses of extremophiles lies in processes such as PCR, biofuel generation and biomining, but there are many other smaller scale operations at play. There are also labs that have identified what they wish to do with extremophiles, but haven't been able to fully achieve their goals. While these large scale goals have not yet been met the scientific community is working towards their completion in hope of creating new technologies and processes. Extremophile is the term that covers a large group of organisms, most prominently Archaeans, which have evolved to fill the niches of extremely inhospitable environments. Such environments include high or low temperatures, high levels of salinity, high or low pH levels, and areas where volatile chemicals are prominent. These organisms have made some of the most undesirable locations on the planet their home. A few examples of these locations include thermal vents at the bottom of the ocean, soda lakes, runoffs from chemical factories and the trash heaps of landfills. There are 4 major types of extremophiles: Thermophilic extremophiles live in areas of extreme heat with the best example being geothermal vents at the bottom of the ocean. The benefit of these organisms lies in the polymers and enzymes produced within them as they are highly thermostable | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59675902 |
Extremophiles in biotechnology Halophilic extremophiles live in areas of high salinity such as solar salterns and soda lakes. Their ability to consume and thrive in areas of such salinity open up possible benefits such as inoculating crops in salt rich soils to help them grow. Another use found for them lies in their production of polymers used to make biodegradable plastics. Methanogenic extremophiles live just about anywhere and are the most widespread. These organisms take various simple organic compounds and use them to synthesize methane as their source of energy. There are no other known organisms that use the synthesis of methane as a form of energy production. Psychrophilic Extremophiles have the ability to maintain high growth rates and enzyme activity at temperatures even as low as 0℃. This presents the possibility of utilizing enzymes found in these organisms in parallel to how thermophilic organism enzymes are used, but at low temperatures as opposed to high temperatures. Having the ability to live in such harsh environment comes from the organisms traits and abilities that are coded into their genomes. Changes inherited over time via DNA have allowed these organisms to build up various resistances and immunities to the volatile nature of their homes. It is these traits that have scientists so fixated on extremophiles because the genes that allow for said abilities can be taken from extremophiles and used in various biotechnical processes | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59675902 |
Extremophiles in biotechnology A good example of this would be how Taq Polymerase was isolated from the bacteria "Thermus aquaticus" and was then used to make the process of PCR possible. In some cases even the entire organism can be utilized due to how it functions in nature. A good example of this would be the use of methanogenic extremophiles to assist in the decomposition of waste. While only four major types of extremophiles are listed above, there are many more types that are not mentioned in this article. A great deal of biological and chemical processes undertaken in laboratories take great stretches of time, are extremely delicate and tend to be costly. This is due to the fact that general biological enzymes, proteins and other various organic compounds have very specific requirements for them to function properly. These are generally moderate conditions and therefore are known as mesophilic. Catalysts that involve changes in temperature, salinity, or acidity can impact the mesophilic organic compounds and products within a given process which in turn negatively affects the outcome. To deal with this scientists in the past have had to take longer experimental pathways in order to meet the moderate conditions. This as stated previously extends the time it takes to perform experiments and processes as well as increases costs. To overcome this issue scientists have turned to extremophiles due to their natural abilities to handle extreme conditions | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59675902 |
Extremophiles in biotechnology These abilities are linked to genes which can be isolated, extracted and replicated in the lab. With this the genetic information can then be implanted in the given enzymes, polymers, proteases and other various organic compounds to give them desired resistance. This allows for biological and chemical processes to be completed rapidly as the careful, long winded strategies can be bypassed. Extremophiles, both themselves and their DNA, are helping scientists to optimize lengthy research techniques and processes. Polymerase Chain Reaction was developed in 1980's by the scientist Kary Mullis. Mullis would later receive the Nobel Prize for his creation of this process in 1993. This technique utilizes the heat resistant enzymes found in the thermophile "T. aquaticus" to rapidly and efficiently make copies of specific strands of DNA. The small sample of the target DNA is added to a test tube along with DNA primers, DNA nucleotides, Taq Polymerase, and a buffer solution. Once these five key parts are combined they can be put into a PCR thermocycler. In this device the mixture is exposed to a series of temperatures over and over again cycling between 94-95°C, 50-56°C, and 72°C. These three stages are known as the denaturing, annealing and extending stages. During the denaturing stage at 94-95°C the DNA chains separate allowing for new bonds to be made. Then during the annealing stage from 50-56°C primers attach to the single strands of DNA to prepare them for replication | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59675902 |
Extremophiles in biotechnology Finally, the extending stage at 72°C the strands of DNA replicate as they would naturally as the DNA nucleotides are added reforming the double stranded helix. These stages are cycled through multiple times until the desired amount of DNA is obtained. Without the enzyme produced by "T. aquaticus", Taq Polymerase, this process would not be possible as the components would normally denature at such high temperatures. Fuels play a large part in everyday life in everything from driving a car and heating homes to large scale industrial processes and heavy machinery. As natural gases and fuels are being used up scientists have focused their gaze on possible replacements for said fuels. One way in which this is being done is through the utilization of various methanogenic and thermophilic strains of bacteria. These extremophiles in large quantities are able to take in various substances such as sugars, cellulose, and various waste products to produce methane, butanol and biodiesel. While butanol in high percentages would normally inhibit the growth and function of biological organisms, some bacterial strains, primarily thermophiles, have been engineered to handle butanol even in high concentrations. One of the more recent developments in this area is the discovery of extremophile strains of algae which can be used to produce biodiesel. "Cyanidium caldarium" is noted as one of the most promising strains due to the high lipid content of the biodiesel products it creates | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59675902 |
Extremophiles in biotechnology While this application has not yet widely developed to large scale utilization, scientists working in this field hope to find an efficient and sustainable solution involving extremophiles soon. Through work with various extremophiles the technique of biomining was developed. Also known as bioleaching, the process involves the use of acidophiles in the removal of insoluble sulfides and oxides from various metals as they are mined from the earth. The normal process of heap leaching involves mixing mined metals with highly volatile chemicals such as cyanide. The process of bioleaching is noted as a safer approach to the mining process. Along with this it is also much better for the environment. With heap leaching comes the possibility of runoff and spills that would poison the environment as it seaps into the ground. With biomining this worry is reduced as the conditions can be easily maintained using thermophilic and acidophilic strains of bacteria. Not only has this process been noted as safer and more environmentally friendly, but is also able to extract more metal. Heap leaching has about a 60% extraction rate while bioleaching has seen rates up to 90%. So far gold, silver, copper, zinc, nickel, and uranium have been mined successfully using this process. These three examples listed above are a few of the primary applications of extremophiles in biotechnology, but they are not the only ones | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59675902 |
Extremophiles in biotechnology Other various applications that will not be fully described here include: carotenoid production, protease/lipase production, Glycosyl hydrolase production and sugar production. These secondary applications focus on the production of biological compounds that can be used within primary applications such as those listed above. Thanks to the increased interest in extremophiles the revolutionary technique of PCR was pioneered and brought the field of DNA study to the next level. Following this trend scientists in both biotech and industry want to push farther and find new ways to impact the scientific community. One way that is currently being studied is the production of plastics by halophilic extremophiles so that modern day oil-based plastics can become a thing of the past. This would bring biodegradable plastics to the world market, which in the long run is proposed as a way to help fight the world's garbage problem. Another advancement that scientists hope to make using these organisms is to increase the degradation of landfills around the world using methanogenic species that thrive on the organic compounds found there. Not only would this reduce waste, but the methane produced is hoped to be collected and used as an energy source. One other interesting future development lies in the field of medicine. Some biotechnical labs are looking into using extremophiles engineered to produce portions of viruses on their surface to elicit immune system responses | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59675902 |
Extremophiles in biotechnology This would help train immune memory and antibody response to defend the body in case said virus ever attacks. While this is just a handful of examples there are many more advancements and developments being worked on using extremophiles in hopes of creating a better future. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59675902 |
Hey's Mineral Index Hey's Mineral Index | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59683501 |
Iceland Plateau The or Icelandic Plateau is an oceanic plateau in the North Atlantic Ocean consisting of Iceland and its contiguous shelf and marginal slopes. It resides on an active rift zone of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge from which extensive tholeiitic plateau basalts and a number of large rhyolitic domes have been extruded. The is bounded on the south by the Reykjanes Ridge, on the west by the Greenland-Iceland Ridge, on the north by the Kolbeinsey Ridge and on the east by the Iceland-Faeroe Ridge. It consists of a large igneous province that has been volcanically active since at least the Miocene epoch. The plateau is an example of ridge-hotspot interaction. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59701181 |
A-center An is a type of crystallographic defect complex in Silicon which consists of a vacancy defect and an impurity Oxygen atom. In general, oxygen in silicon is interstitial, in which the oxygen atom breaks the covalent bond between two adjacent silicon atoms and is attached in the middle. A-centers - another type of defect, in which oxygen takes the place of the absent silicon atom, that is, it becomes a kind of replacement defect. The is visible in infrared spectra with a wave length of 12 μm. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59703859 |
NGC 2460 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Camelopardalis. It was discovered by German astronomer Wilhelm Tempel on August 11, 1882. It is also identified as an active nucleus galaxy. Its redshift of 0.004837 gives an angular diameter distance of 21.501 megaparsecs, or approximately 70 million light-years. has an absolute magnitude of 11.7, and an apparent magnitude of 12.1. Several arms extend for long distances from the central galaxy, perhaps as a result of an interaction with nearby galaxy PGC 213434. The galaxy has a radial velocity of 1443 km/s. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59725110 |
Yogue orthonairovirus The Yogue virus is a strain in the genus Orthonairovirus belonging to the Kasokero serogroup. Its only known host is "Rousettus aegyptiacus". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59739095 |
Merbecovirus is a subgenus of viruses in the genus "Betacoronavirus". The viruses in this subgenus were previously known as group 2c coronaviruses. The viruses of this subgenus, like other coronaviruses, have a lipid bilayer envelope in which the membrane (M), envelope (E) and spike (S) structural proteins are anchored. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59759989 |
Viktor Kokochashvili (Georgian: ვიქტორ კოკოჩაშვილი) (November 12, 1904, Kutaisi – April 17, 1986) was a Georgian chemist. He was born in the family of the teacher in Kutaisi. In 1922 he graduated Kutaisi Classic Gymnasium and enrolled in the faculty of pedagogical studies at Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University with the main field of studying: chemistry and pharmacy. He graduated the University in 1928. During 1927-1928 years worked as an assistant on the chair of inorganic chemistry at Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University. In 1931 was appointed as the assistant professor on the chair of inorganic chemistry of the Chemistry-Technological Institute of Dnepropetrovsk. He was awarded with the degree of candidate of chemistry without defending the thesis in the field of studying photochemical reactions in gaseous phase. During 1953-1973 he has been working as an invariable head of the chair of physical chemistry at Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University. In 1943 he defended the PhD thesis on the following issue: "The study of the combustion of hydrogen and bromine mixtures". In 1944 he was awarded the degree of professor. In 1961 he was awarded with the Honorable Scientist of Georgia. In 1968 he was awarded Jubilee Medals of Ivane Javakhishvili. He died on 17th of April 1986, after a brief illness. He has conducted important researches in the field of chemical kinetics and is considered as the founder of chemical kinetics scientific direction in Georgia. He was a notable representative of N | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59764916 |
Viktor Kokochashvili N Semenov School - the Nobel Prize laureate. During the study of the photochemical kinetic reaction of hydrogen and chlorine, he found the interaction of reaction chains with high-intensity light. He confirmed the thermal nature of the ignition in the chain reaction in the photochemical transformation process of sulfur anhydride. During the study of the reaction of hydrocarbon chlorination, he determined the constants of the elemental reaction speed in the gaseous phase, based on which the relation between the substance structure and the ability to react was found. Study of reaction in hydrogen and bromine in the gaseous phase experimentally proved the achievements of the kinetics school in the field of ignition and burning. He discovered the instability of the flame front and established its theory (1951). is the author of 85 scientific works and 24 manuals and monographs. (1949-88) - Tetralogy of Physical Chemistry (1972-76). Duology of Inorganic Chemistry (1988). Chemistry for attendants at the higher education institutions (7 issues 1964-83). Vakhtang VI "Book on producing oils and chemistry" (1981) and others. Under the guidance of Viktor Kokochashvili, dozens of candidate thesises have been defended on the chair of physical studies. has been a head of the scientific council awarding the degrees at TSU for many years. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59764916 |
Nobecovirus is a subgenus of viruses in the genus "Betacoronavirus". The viruses in the group were previously known as group 2d coronaviruses. The viruses of this subgenus, like other coronaviruses, have a lipid bilayer envelope in which the membrane (M), envelope (E) and spike (S) structural proteins are anchored. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59768813 |
Corneometry is a widely practiced method for the measurement of skin hydration. It uses a capacitive sensor to measure the relative permittivity of upper skin layers. Because these depend on hydration of skin, the measured value is a measure for skin hydration. The name "corneometry" is derived from the German trademark "Corneometer". In 1979 the first commercial instrument for measuring skin hydration was sold under this name. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59790227 |
Charles Lambert Manneback Charles Lambert Marie Joseph Manneback (born 9 March 1894 in Etterbeek, Belgium; died 15 December 1975 in Etterbeek) was a Belgian physicist, mining engineer, and mathematician. After serving in the Belgian army during World War I, he obtained a civil engineering diploma from the Catholic University of Leuven in 1920. He then left to the United States as an exchange fellow, where he obtained an M.A. degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and in 1922 a Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering. His dissertation was advised by V. Bush and had a subject from the theory of electromagnetic waves and the skin effect. He was a professor at the Catholic University of Leuven, and a member of the Royal Academies for Science and the Arts of Belgium. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59799196 |
Kaveri Crater is an area identified by scientists in India which appears to have been created by an asteroid impact that occurred around 800 to 550 million years ago. The area lying between Nilgiris and Kodaikanal is in the southern peninsular India. A study indicated that the Kaveri crater has a diameter of 120 kilometres. Because of the size of the crater, Kaveri crater can only be visualized through satellite images. The crater is the fourth largest crater in the world. Abstarct "(as given by K. R. Subrahmanya and K. N. Prakash Narasimha) " The region to the east of Palghat gap is of low elevation and nearly circular in shape. It forms a part of the Kaveri river basin.The predominantly gneissic terrain is surrounded by the charnockitic hill ranges, prominent among which are Nilgiris and Biligirirangan to the north; and Anaimalai and Kodaikanal to the south. The charnockite massifs have a steep slope facing the circular feature and a gentler slope in the opposite direction.Fractures/faults/shear zones are noticed in many parts. The Bouguer anomaly in the gneissic terrain is elliptical in shape and positive, relative to the surrounding elevated region. The magnetic contours are also elliptical and the magnetic basement is deeper by about one km compared to regions in the periphery.The shallow seismic velocity picture from Chennimalai to Palani indicates a graben structure. The velocity structure alsodepicts a 4-5 km Moho up warp near Chennimalai | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59802901 |
Kaveri Crater Junction between the gneissic and charnockitic terrain and even beyond, is marked by the presence of pseudotachylites and breccia. Field and petrographic studies indicate presence of suevite, Planar Deformation Features (PDF), Planar Fractures, diaplectic glass of quartz and plagioclase and spherical inclusion in sue vite. These evidences taken together point to an extraterrestrial impact which created a crater of approximately 120 km in diameter.Several lines of indirect evidences point to Neoproterozoic age for the impact. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59802901 |
Puffin Island virus Puffin Island virus, is a strain of "Dugbe orthonairovirus" belonging to the Hughes serogroup. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59802920 |
Verastem Oncology (Verastem Inc) is an American pharmaceutical company that develops medicines to treat certain cancers. Headquartered and founded in Boston, Massachusetts, the firm is a member of NASDAQ Biotechnology Index. (Verastem Inc) was co-founded in 2010 by entrepreneur Christoph H. Westphal and venture capitalist Michelle Dipp, who provided seed funding and initial office space in Cambridge, MA. The company was formed to commercialize the work of the three other co-founders, MIT biologists Robert F. Weinberg, Eric S. Lander and Piyush Gupta, by discovering and developing drugs to treat cancer by targeting cancer stem cells. The company raised $16 million in the initial Series A financing. Subsequent rounds of financing were Series B with $32 million and Series C with $20 million. Mr. Westphal served as CEO and Chairman of the Board from 2010 to 2013. Under his leadership, the company raised $55 million through an IPO in 2012. Mr. Robert Forrester succeeded Christoph Westphal as Verastem's President and CEO in 2013. In July 2019, Brian Stuglik was appointed to Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Verastem Oncology. Their leading investigational drug is defactinib (VS-6063), is a small-molecule focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor designed to kill cancer stem cells, intended for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59811433 |
Verastem Oncology In October 2015, they announced the premature termination of the company's late-stage clinical trial for defactinib after data analysis of the Phase II COMMAND trial found no significant differences in efficacy versus placebo. . Following the failure of the study, the company had to cut 50% of its workforce. In November 2016, licensed global rights from Infinity Pharmaceuticals to duvelisib (IPI-145), a novel inhibitor of PI3K delta and gamma. In April 2018, Verastem filed a New Drug Application (NDA) for duvelisib for the treatment of relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) and accelerated approval for relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma (FL). The results of the clinical study DUO were published in "Blood Journal". received FDA approval for duvelisib on September 24, 2018 as a treatment for adults with 3rd-line chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, and an accelerated approval as a 3rd-line treatment for follicular lymphoma, contingent on the results of a confirmatory trial. The drug label carries a black box warning due to the risk of potentially fatal or serious toxicities: infections, diarrhea or colitis, cutaneous reactions and pneumonitis. In July 2019, signed an exclusive agreement with Sanofi for the commercialization of duvelisib in Russia and CIS, Turkey, the Middle East and Africa. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59811433 |
Artashat orthonairovirus The (ARTSV), is a species in the genus "Orthonairovirus", first isolated from "Ornithodoros alactagalis", belonging to the soft tick family Argasidae in Armenia in 1972. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59812578 |
CGCG 049-033 is an elliptical galaxy, located some 680 million light-years from Earth, in the constellation of Serpens. It is the central galaxy (BCG) of the galaxy cluster Abell 2040. is known for having the longest galactic jet ever discovered. The beam is about 1.5 million light-years long and was discovered in December 2007. The spectrum of the galaxy suggests a supermassive black hole with a mass of . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59814182 |
MicroPort is a global medical device developer and manufacturer that is headquartered in Shanghai, China. It designs and produces products for a range of medical fields including cardiology, interventional radiology, orthopedics, electrophysiology, and surgical management. is considered to be among the top 100 medical device companies in 2018 and was selected to be the 2017 China Innovative Medical Device Company. was founded in 1998 by Zhaohua Chang, who currently serves as CEO, Chairman, and Director. The company rose to prominence from the early success of its coronary stent line due its focus on serving the needs of the Chinese device market. It is now one of the top global manufacturers of cardiac interventional devices. Notably, it produces the world's first and only commercially available targeted drug eluting stent system, which uses a significantly reduced amount of drug than traditional drug eluting stents while maintaining effectiveness. As of early 2018, is one of few medical device companies still developing a commercial coronary bioresorbable stent with ongoing clinical trials. Beginning in the 2010s, has rapidly expanded around the world via international acquisitions to other medical device industries, including orthopedics and cardiac rhythm management, and is valued at over US$1 Billion. In 2019, announced a US$398 Million investment to develop pacemakers and defibrillators in France | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59817077 |
MicroPort In 2014 expanded operations in the United States by acquiring Wright Medical's OrthoRecon business to become the 6th largest international producer of orthopedic devices. MicroPort's orthopedic business is based in Arlington, Tennessee and in 2018 has expanded its business into India. In 2018 and LivaNova closed the sale of LivaNova's cardiac rhythm management business for $190M. In 2018 purchased Lombard Medical, a US-based endovascular device company, from bankruptcy after it defaulted on loans in early 2018. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59817077 |
Gapped Hamiltonian In many-body physics, most commonly within condensed-matter physics, a gapped Hamiltonian is a Hamiltonian for an infinitely large many-body system where there is a finite energy gap separating the (possibly degenerate) ground space from the first excited states. A Hamiltonian that is not gapped is called gapless. The property of being gapped or gapless is formally defined through a sequence of Hamiltonians on finite lattices in the thermodynamic limit. An example is the BCS Hamiltonian in the theory of superconductivity. In quantum many-body systems, ground states of gapped Hamiltonians have exponential decay of correlations. In quantum field theory, a continuum limit of many-body physics, a gapped Hamiltonian induces a mass gap. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59833659 |
Syngenetic permafrost growth is a mode of the growth of permafrost whereby additional material is deposited to a permafrost site during freezing conditions, causing the permafrost layer to build upwards. It is cited as an efficient mode of permafrost growth, compared with heterogenetic permafrost growth, which occurs when freezing temperatures penetrate into previously unfrozen ground of uniform composition. Lunardini gives the basic formulas for permafrost generation under both modes. Syngenetic deposition of frozen materials comes from any of a variety of sources, sediment from streams and rivers, material fallen from hillsides, material blown by the wind, and material deposited at the bottom of lakes. Studies of such formations are partly based on observations in the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory tunnel into permafrost near Fairbanks, Alaska. Ice wedges that intrude into cracks in permafrost may be regarded as syngenetic, if they grow upwards. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59836249 |
Baade-Wesselink method The is a method for determining the distance of a Cepheid variable star suggested by Walter Baade in 1926 and further developed by Adriaan Wesselink in 1946. In the original method the color of the star at various points during its period of variation is used to determine its surface brightness. Then, knowing the apparent magnitude at these points in time the angular diameter can be calculated. Measurements are also taken of the radial velocity using Doppler spectroscopy. This allows one to determine the speed at which the front surface of the star moves toward or away from us at various points in the cycle. Since the difference between this and the average speed is the derivative of the radius, one obtains the variation in radius. Combining this with the change in angular diameter gives the distance. It is now possible to measure the angular diameter of the pulsating star directly using optical interferometers, allowing a more accurate measurement of the star's distance. This newer technique is known as the geometric Baade–Wesselink method. A closely related technique is the expanding photosphere method, which can be used to determine the distance to Type II supernovae. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59836665 |
Microlites "Microlites" are minute crystals in an amorphous matrix. In igneous petrology, the term microlitic is used to describe vitric (glassy, non-crystalline, amorphous) matrix containing microscopic crystals. Microlitic rocks are a type of hypocrystalline rocks. Unlike ordinary phenocrysts, which can be seen with little or no magnification, microlites are generally formed in rapidly cooled (quenched) basaltic lava, where cooling rates are too high to permit formation of larger crystals. are sometimes referred to as “small quench crystals”. They form more easily in basaltic lava eruptions, which have relatively low viscosity. Low viscosity permits rapid nucleation and ion migration, necessary for crystal formation. The high silica content of rhyolitic lavas gives them much higher viscosities. Such lavas tend to form glass (obsidian) when they cool rapidly from a fully melted liquid state; though many obsidians also contain microlites. Low viscosity mafic magmas must be quenched very rapidly from a high temperature to form glass that is free of any crystalline content. have been found in volcanic ash collected from Hawaiian lava fountains, where rapid cooling favors their formation. Sideromelane is a light brown basaltic glass, also formed in these eruptions, with and without microlites. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59852418 |
Pavel Patev Pavel Atanasov Patev (1889-22 March 1950) was a Bulgarian zoologist known for his work in ornithology and as the director of the Sofia Zoo. He wrote a major monograph on the "Birds of Bulgaria" (1950). Patev was born in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Patev served as director of the Sofia Zoo from 1934 till the end of his life. The fossil crossbill "Loxia patevi" was named after him by Zlatozar Boev. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59852676 |
Guido Bargellini (1879–1963) was an Italian organic chemist. He specialized in natural product chemistry, in particular, flavonoid dyes and coumarins, and the compound santonin. He was admitted to the Accademia dei Lincei in 1946. The Bargellini reaction is named for him. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59854750 |
Cuba meteorite The exploded over Pinar del Río, Cuba on February 1, 2019, between 1:16 – 1:17 p.m. EST, causing a sonic boom powerful enough to shatter windows. Several stony meteorites were found on the ground. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59857017 |
Namibian drumlins The are a geologic feature in Namibia. Since drumlins only occur as the result of glaciers, researchers determined they are the relic of an ice age in the late Paleozoic Era. The researchers measured the drumlins with satellite imagery available on the Internet. "Megalineations" including drumlins were described at approximately , between Twyfelfontein and Xaragu Camp. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59859995 |
Dufek Intrusion The is a mafic layered intrusion that was emplaced into present-day Antarctica approximately 183 million years ago. It comprises two outcropping sections called the Dufek Massif and the Forrestal Range that are thought to be connected beneath the Sallee Snowfield. The Dufek intrusion is associated with large volumes of Jurassic tholeiitic magmatism associated with the breakup of Gondwana. This magmatism stretched from northern Victoria Land to Dronning Maud Land and onwards into Africa and Australia. Stratigraphy within the intrusion includes the 1.8 km thick Dufek Massif section and associated nanataks. This massif section is composed of the 230 m thick Walker Anorthosite, with laminated plagioclase cumulates, overlain by the Aughenbaugh Gabbro. This gabbro consists of laminated plagioclase with and the augite-pigeonite pyroxene cumulus. The upper portion of the intrusion consists of the 1.7 km thick Forrestal Range section, with the Saratoga Gabbro cumulates overlain by the 300 m thick Lexington Granophyre. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59880911 |
Natur-Museum Luzern or Lucerne Nature Museum is a museum in the Swiss city of Lucerne. It is situated on Kasernenplatz, beside the river Reuss and the Spreuerbrücke. Exhibits in the museum include stuffed animals, minerals/crystals, and insects. The museum is open Tuesday to Sunday and there is a fee for entry. The stated goals of the museum translate as 'presenting natural history information to the public, maintaining and presenting collections and increasing awareness of nature and the environment'. There are three floors and three permanent exhibitions: "Erdwissenschaften" (earth sciences), "Biologie" (biology) and "Wunderwelt Insekten" (the amazing world of insects). Temporary exhibitions have included nature photography and live animals. There has been a natural history museum in Lucerne since the 18th Century. The original was established by Karl Nicolaus Lange and named Museum Lucernense Langianum. In either 1820 or 1825 the local Gymnasium school established a natural history museum, which was called Naturalien-Kabinett der höheren Lehranstalt. In 1848 the contents of another natural history collection from Kloster St. Urban were combined with the Museum Lucernense Langianum, and in 1849 so was the Naturalien-Kabinett der höheren Lehranstalt. In 1849 the combined collections were placed in a new museum building on Franziskanerplatz, when their former home was earmarked for demolition, to build a road. 1937 to 1976 the collection became spread across the cellars of the city | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59882849 |
Natur-Museum Luzern The building on Franziskanerplatz became occupied by the kantonalen Finanzverwaltung. The present museum building on Kasernenplatz was built in 1976, and opened in 1978. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59882849 |
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