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Electroconductive carbon black Made up of primary carbon, carbon black is spherical in shape and arranged into aggregates and agglomerates. It differs from other carbon forms (diamond, graphite, coke) in its complex configuration, colloid dimensions and quasi-graphitic structure. Carbon black's purity and composition a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59891440
Electroconductive carbon black These characteristics predetermine electroconductive carbon black's primary area of application, i.e. electrical conductivity modification of nearly all types of plastic materials by adding a relatively low volume of carbon black. Such modifications can be utilized for numerous purposes, ...
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Electroconductive carbon black The generated carbon black water with 7–15 g/l of carbon black is further processed at the production facility into several types of carbonaceous substrates. The main production principle lies in isolating carbon from the water using granulation petrol, where intensive homogenization caus...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59891440
Electroconductive carbon black The most important characteristic of carbon black is the size of its primary particles and the related surface area. The size of the primary particles describes the size of individual spherical particles that form a primary structure. The size of individual particles is determined using a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59891440
Electroconductive carbon black Generally speaking, carbon black that has a highly developed and complex structure is easier to disperse, has lower wettability, higher electric conductivity and higher viscosity. Yet another noteworthy characteristic is carbon black's chemical surface composition. Chemisorbed complexes c...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59891440
NGC 5201 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered on April 14, 1789 by German-born British astronomer William Herschel. It is about 384 million light years away.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59901942
Rupert Sutherland (born 1967) is a New Zealand geologist and academic specializing in tectonics and geophysics at the Victoria University of Wellington and a principal scientist at GNS Science. Sutherland has been described as "one of New Zealand’s leading earth science researchers" by the Royal Society of New Zealand....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59927248
DNA‐templated organic synthesis (DTS) is a way to control the reactivity of synthetic molecules by using nature's molarity‐based approach. Hostorically, DTS was used as a model of prebiotic nucleic acid replication. Now however, it is capable of translating DNA sequences into complex small‐molecule and polymer products...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59953471
Mineral variety In geology and mineralogy, a mineral variety is a subset of a mineral species or mineraloid with some special characteristic, such as specific impurities or structural defects. For example, amethyst is a variety of quartz with a purple tinge due in part to iron impurities. Mineral varieties can be furth...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59961522
Mineral group In geology and mineralogy, a mineral group is a set of mineral species with essentially the same crystal structure and composed of chemically similar elements. For example, the amphibole group consists of 15 or more mineral species, most of them with the general unit formula , where A is a trivalent catio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59961778
River Styles Framework The is a scientific tool used to describe and explain the diversity and distribution of river types in a catchment according to river character and behaviour. The is based on the science of fluvial geomorphology. Each river type is called a "River Style" and its name is constructed following a co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59969032
River Styles Framework Steps in Stage 2 include: Stage 3 determines the potential for a river to 'recover', or improve in condition. Steps in Stage 3 include: Stage 4 uses information from Stages 1 to 3 to identify 'target conditions' for a River Style as a goal toward which river rehabilitation (or restoration) can wo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59969032
River Styles Framework 'Provisional' practitioners have undertaken a River Styles Short Course and have passed the associated assessment tasks. 'Provisional' practitioners may undertake assessments of River Styles under the supervision of a fully accredited practitioner. Full accreditation is gained following successfu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59969032
NGC 2300 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Cepheus. It was discovered in 1871 by French astronomer Alphonse Borrelly using an 18 cm telescope.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59971656
Proton capture is a nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus and one or more protons collide and merge to form a heavier nucleus. Since protons have positive electric charge, they are repelled electrostatically by the positively charged nucleus. Therefore, it is more difficult for protons to enter the nucleus compar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59980849
Synthetic microbial consortia (commonly called co-cultures) are multi-population systems that can contain a diverse range of microbial species, and are adjustable to serve a variety of industrial, ecological, and tautological interests. For synthetic biology, consortia take the ability to engineer novel cell behaviors ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59987872
Synthetic microbial consortia Co-culture dyads of autotrophic "Synechococcus elongatus" and heterotrophic "Escherichia coli" were found to be able to grow synchronously when the strain of "S. elongatus" was transformed to include a gene for sucrose export. The commensal combination of the sucrose-producing cyanobacteri...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59987872
Synthetic microbial consortia Their experiment took combinations of five native naturally occurring hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, and analyzed the different cocktails to see which degraded poly-aromatic hydrocarbons the best. The combination of "Bacillus pumilis" KS2 and "Bacillus cereus" R2 was found to be the most ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59987872
Synthetic microbial consortia discussed their findings, saying "It is consequently possible that the degrading capacity of the bacteria could be increased only through co-cultivation, which shows that these bacteria naturally coexist and are dependent on each other for the utilization of environmental substances. In th...
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CRISPR gene editing is a genetic engineering technique in molecular biology by which the genomes of living organisms may be modified. It is based on a simplified version of the bacterial CRISPR-Cas9 antiviral defense system. By delivering the Cas9 nuclease complexed with a synthetic guide RNA (gRNA) into a cell, the ce...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59990826
CRISPR gene editing Genomic editing leads to irreversible changes to the genome. While genome editing in eukaryotic cells has been possible using various methods since the 1980s, the methods employed had proved to be inefficient and impractical to implement on a large scale. With the discovery of CRISPR and specificall...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59990826
CRISPR gene editing In the early 2000s, researchers developed zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), synthetic proteins whose DNA-binding domains enable them to create double-stranded breaks in DNA at specific points. In 2010, synthetic nucleases called transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) provided an easier...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59990826
CRISPR gene editing Several companies formed to develop related drugs and research tools. As companies ramp up financing, doubts as to whether CRISPR can be quickly monetized were raised. In February 2017 the US Patent Office ruled on a patent interference case brought by University of California with respect to patent...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59990826
CRISPR gene editing When utilized for genome editing, this system includes Cas9, crRNA, and tracrRNA along with an optional section of DNA repair template that is utilized in either non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homology directed repair (HDR). CRISPR-Cas9 often employs a plasmid to transfect the target cells. Th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59990826
CRISPR gene editing Cas9 proteins select the correct location on the host's genome by utilizing the sequence to bond with base pairs on the host DNA. The sequence is not part of the Cas9 protein and as a result is customizable and can be independently synthesized. The PAM sequence on the host genome is recognized by Ca...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59990826
CRISPR gene editing Once incorporated, this new sequence is now part of the cell's genetic material and passes into its daughter cells. Delivery of Cas9, sgRNA, and associated complexes into cells can occur via viral and non-viral systems. Electroporation of DNA, RNA, or ribonucleocomplexes is a common technique, thoug...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59990826
CRISPR gene editing Methods to control genome editing with small molecules include an allosteric Cas9, with no detectable background editing, that will activate binding and cleavage upon the addition of 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-HT), 4-HT responsive intein-linked Cas9, or a Cas9 that is 4-HT responsive when fused to four E...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59990826
CRISPR gene editing CRISPR screening helps scientist to create a systematic and high-throughput genetic perturbation within live model organisms. This genetic perturbation is necessary for fully understanding gene function and epigenetic regulation. The advantage of pooled CRISPR libraries is that more genes can be tar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59990826
CRISPR gene editing By negative selection dead or slow growing cells are efficiently detected. It can identify survival-essential genes, which can be further serve as candidates for molecularly targeted drugs. On the other hand, positive selection gives a collection of growth-advantage acquired populations by random mu...
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CRISPR gene editing Cas9 can be easily introduced into the target cells along with sgRNA via plasmid transfection in order to model the spread of diseases and the cell's response to and defense against infection. The ability of Cas9 to be introduced "in vivo" allows for the creation of more accurate models of gene func...
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CRISPR gene editing This method might be useful for treating genetic disorders caused by abnormal numbers of chromosomes, such as Down syndrome and intersex disorders. Successful "in vivo" genome editing using CRISPR-Cas9 has been shown in numerous model organisms, including "Escherichia coli", "Saccharomyces cerevisia...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59990826
CRISPR gene editing For instance, when applied to human pluripotent stem cells, CRISPR has been used to introduce targeted mutations in genes relevant to polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). These CRISPR-modified pluripotent stem cells were subsequently grown into human kidney ...
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CRISPR gene editing Early research in animal models suggest that therapies based on CRISPR technology have potential to treat a wide range of diseases, including cancer, beta-thalassemia, sickle cell disease, hemophilia, cystic fibrosis, Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, Huntington's disease, and heart disease. CRISPR may...
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CRISPR gene editing It was able to eradicate viral DNA in the case of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Anti-herpesvirus CRISPRs have promising applications such as removing cancer-causing EBV from tumor cells, helping rid donated organs for immunocompromised patients of viral invaders, or preventing cold sore outbreaks and re...
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CRISPR gene editing Using "dead" versions of Cas9 (dCas9) eliminates CRISPR's DNA-cutting ability, while preserving its ability to target desirable sequences. Multiple groups added various regulatory factors to dCas9s, enabling them to turn almost any gene on or off or adjust its level of activity. Like RNAi, CRISPR in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59990826
CRISPR gene editing The technique achieved a strong effect by targeting multiple CRISPR constructs to slightly different locations on the gene's promoter. In 2016, researchers demonstrated that CRISPR from an ordinary mouth bacterium could be used to edit RNA. The researchers searched databases containing hundreds of m...
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CRISPR gene editing Many recommend that immunization and reversal drives be developed in tandem with gene drives in order to overwrite their effects if necessary. There remains consensus that long-term effects must be studied more thoroughly particularly in the potential for ecological disruption that cannot be correct...
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CRISPR gene editing Those three independent pairing events each provide an opportunity to prevent off-target sequences, which significantly increases targeting flexibility and editing precision. Prime editing was developed by researchers at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard in Massachusetts. More work is needed to...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59990826
CRISPR gene editing The experiments resulted in successfully changing only some of the intended genes, and had off-target effects on other genes. The researchers stated that CRISPR is not ready for clinical application in reproductive medicine. In April 2016, Chinese scientists were reported to have made a second unsuc...
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CRISPR gene editing In November 2018, Jiankui He announced that he had edited two human embryos to attempt to disable the gene for CCR5, which codes for a receptor that HIV uses to enter cells. He said that twin girls, Lulu and Nana, had been born a few weeks earlier. He said that the girls still carried functional cop...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59990826
CRISPR gene editing In 2015, Yinong Yang successfully deactivated 16 specific genes in the white button mushroom to make them non-browning. Since he had not added any foreign-species (transgenic) DNA to his organism, the mushroom could not be regulated by the USDA under Section 340.2. Yang's white button mushroom was t...
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CRISPR gene editing In 2016, Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier, along with Rudolph Barrangou, Philippe Horvath, and Feng Zhang won the Gairdner International award. In 2017, Doudna and Charpentier were awarded the Japan Prize in Tokyo, Japan for their revolutionary invention of CRISPR-Cas9. In 2016, Charpentie...
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František Vejdovský (born 24 October 1849 in Kouřim - died 4 December 1939 in Prague) was a Czech zoologist. In 2007 the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature ruled that the family "Tubificidae" was a junior synonym of Naididae.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59991676
Electric bacteria are forms of bacteria that directly consume and excrete electrons at different energy potentials without requiring the metabolization of any sugars or other nutrients. "Shewanella" and "Geobacter" are two known types of electric bacteria. This form of life appears to be especially adapted to low-oxyge...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60010424
Maria Florianivna Makarevych (1907–1982) was a Ukrainian botanist and lichenologist noted for studying lichens of the Carpathian region, and for publishing multiple influential monographs. The genus "Marfloraea" is named in her honor.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60019197
Arsenic minerals The arsenic minerals or arsenic group are a group of trigonal symmetry minerals composed of arsenic-like elements, and one alloy. The elements are arsenic, antimony and bismuth. The alloy is stibarsen (SbA) an alloy of arsenic and antimony.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60020038
Acetomicrobium hydrogeniformans is an anaerobic and moderately thermophilic bacterium from the genus of "Acetomicrobium" which has been isolated from oil production water from North Slope Borough in the United States.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60026694
Aminiphilus is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming and motile genus of bacteria from the family of Synergistaceae with one known species ("circumscriptus"). "circumscriptus" has been isolated from anaerobic sludge from Colombia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60033993
Thermovirga is a Gram-negative, anaerobic and motile genus of bacteria from the family of Synergistaceae with one known species ("lienii"). "lienii" has been isolated from production water from an oil well from the North Sea in Norway.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60034051
Thermanaerovibrio is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming chemoorganotrophic and thermophilic genus of bacteria from the family of Synergistaceae.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60034099
Thermanaerovibrio velox is a Gram-negative, moderately thermophilic, organotrophic and anaerobic bacterium from the genus of "Thermanaerovibrio" which has been isolated from cyanobacterial mat from Uzon caldera in Russia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60034173
Thermanaerovibrio acidaminovorans is a moderately thermophilic and anaerobic bacterium from the genus of "Thermanaerovibrio" which has been isolated from granular methanogenic sludge from Breda in the Netherlands.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60034222
Hachimoji DNA (from Japanese "hachimoji", "eight letters") is a synthetic nucleic acid analog that uses four synthetic nucleotides in addition to the four present in the natural nucleic acids, DNA and RNA. This leads to four allowed base pairs: two unnatural base pairs formed by the synthetic nucleobases in addition to...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60040145
Hachimoji DNA The nucleotides are joined to one another in a chain by covalent bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next, resulting in an alternating sugar-phosphate backbone. The nitrogenous bases of the two separate polynucleotide strands are bound to each other with hydrogen bonds, acco...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60040145
Hachimoji DNA Scripps Research chemist Floyd Romesberg, noted for creating the first Unnatural Base Pair (UBP), and expanding the genetic alphabet of four letters to six in 2012, stated that the invention of the hachimoji DNA system is an example of the fact that the natural bases (G, C, A and T) "are not unique". Crea...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60040145
Hachimoji DNA " According to researchers, hachimoji DNA could also be used "to develop clean diagnostics for human diseases, in DNA digital data storage, DNA barcoding, self-assembling nanostructures, and to make proteins with unusual amino acids. Parts of this hachimoji DNA are already being commercially produced by F...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60040145
Neodymium fluoride Neodymium(III) fluoride is an inorganic chemical compound of neodymium and fluorine with the formula NdF. It is a purplish pink colored solid with a high melting point. Like other lanthanide fluorides it is highly insoluble in water which allows it to be synthesised from aqueous neodymium nitrate via...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60041207
Cloacibacillus is a Gram-negative and anaerobic genus of bacteria from the family of Synergistaceae. "Cloacibacillus" bacteria are pathogenic.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60042632
Cloacibacillus evryensis is a Gram-negative, anaerobic, mesophilic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of "Cloacibacillus" which has been isolated from sewage sludge from a wastewater treatment plant from Evry in France.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60042670
Cloacibacillus porcorum is a Gram-negative, anaerobic, mesophilic and non-motile bacterium from the genus of "Cloacibacillus" which has been isolated from the intestinal tract of a pig from Ames in the United States.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60042727
Aminobacterium is a Gram-negative genus of bacteria from the family of Synergistaceae.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60042760
Aminobacterium mobile is a Gram-negative, anaerobic, mesophilic, non-spore-forming and motile bacterium from the genus of "Aminobacterium" which has been isolated from anaerobic lagoon from a dairy wastewater treatment plant in Colombia. Dissimilar to "Aminobacterium colombiense", has a marginally lower DNA GC-content ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60042848
Aminobacterium colombiense is a Gram-negative, mesophilic, strictly anaerobic and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus of "Aminobacterium" which has been isolated from anaerobic lagoon from a dairy wastewater treatment plant in Colombia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60042873
Aminobacterium thunnarium is a Gram-negative, anaerobic, mesophilic and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus of "Aminobacterium" which has been isolated from sludge.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60042926
Ada Prins (18 September 1879, Amsterdam – 20 July 1977, Voorburg) became in 1908 the first woman in the Netherlands to hold a doctorate in chemistry. Having obtained her doctorate at the University of Amsterdam with the thesis "Vloeiende mengkristallen in binaire stelsels", she developed her reputation by writing chemi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60044056
Shinobu Akiyama (秋山 忍 b. 1957) is a Japanese botanist who works at the Tsukuba Botanical Garden studying the taxonomy of spermatophytes, particularly in the Tibetan plateau and Himalayan mountains , she is the author or one of the authors of 170 taxon names in the International Plant Names Index.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60044419
Acetomicrobium flavidum is a thermophilic bacterium in the genus Acetomicrobium. It was first isolated from thermophilic, anaerobic sewage sludge digester operated at . The bacterium is gram negative and highly motile. The species represented around 25% of the microbial population in the sludge.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60046320
ROSE test The resistivity of solvent extract (ROSE) test is a test for the presence and average concentration of soluble ionic contaminants, for example on a printed circuit board (PCB). It was developed in the early 1970s. Some manufacturers use it as part of Six Sigma processes. Some modern fluxes have low solubility...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60054667
Pyramidobacter is a Gram-negative genus of bacteria from the family of Synergistaceae with one known species ("piscolens"). "piscolens" has been isolated from the human mouth.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60058413
Lactivibrio is a genus of bacteria from the family of Synergistaceae with one known species ("alcoholicus"). "alcoholicus" has been isolated from mesophilic granular sludge from Tokyo in Japan.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60058463
Jonquetella is a Gram-negative and strictly aerobic genus of bacteria from the family of Synergistaceae with one known species ("Lactivibrio alcoholicus"). "anthropi" has been isolated from a human cyst from Montpellier in France.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60058498
Fretibacterium is a genus of bacteria from the family of Synergistaceae with one known species ("fastidiosum"). "fastidiosum" has been isolated from subgingival plaque.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60058616
Aminivibrio is a Gram-negative genus of bacteria from the family of Synergistaceae with one known species ("pyruvatiphilus"). "pyruvatiphilus" has been isolated from soil from a rice field.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60058659
Bruce McNaughton Peter Bruce L. McNaughton is a Canadian neuroscientist and Distinguished Professor at the University of California, Irvine (UC Irvine), as well as a Professor of Neuroscience and director of the Polaris Brain Dynamics research group at The Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience. He joined the fac...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60060547
Nautilia is a genus of bacteria from the family of Synergistaceae.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60068367
Petrogenetic grid A petrogenetic grid is a geological phase diagram that connects the stability ranges or metastability ranges of metamorphic minerals or mineral assemblages to the conditions of metamorphism. Experimentally determined mineral or mineral-assemblage stability ranges are plotted as metamorphic reaction bo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60073783
Petrogenetic grid At the time, he envisioned geologists eventually determining every possible metemorphic reaction and assembalge in nature, but realized that the magnitude of undertaking the necessary experiments was a huge task that would not be finished for a very long time. As such, modern petrogenetic grids are on...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60073783
Nitratifractor is a genus of bacteria from the family of unclassified Campylobacterales with one known species ("salsuginis").
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60076031
NGC 1310 is a spiral galaxy located in the Fornax constellation. It was discovered by English astronomer John Herschel on 22 October 1835.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60078036
NGC 1337 is a spiral galaxy in the Eridanus constellation. It was discovered by British astronomer Lewis Swift on 10 November 1885.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60079602
Idiomarinaceae is a Gram-negative and mesophilic family in the order of Alteromonadales. Bacteria of the family occur in saline environments.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60090029
Geology of Africa The geology of Africa is varied and complex, and gives rise to the wide variety of landscapes found across the continent.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60104192
Rosalina Berazaín Iturralde (born 21 February 1947, Havana) is a Cuban botanist, plant collector, plant taxonomist, and professor at the University of Havana. She is one of the founders of the National Botanic Garden of Cuba, and a member of the Cuban Academy of Sciences. The species "Coccoloba berazainae" and "Coccolo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60106332
Ferrimonadaceae is a family in the order of Alteromonadales.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60117175
NGC 1161 is a lenticular galaxy approximately 90 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Perseus. It was discovered, along with NGC 1160, by English astronomer John Herschel on October 7, 1784. is classified as a Type 1.9 Seyfert galaxy. It forms a visual pair with the galaxy NGC 1160. Both galaxies...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60120651
NGC 1160 is a spiral galaxy approximately 116 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Perseus. It was discovered, along with NGC 1161, by English astronomer John Herschel on October 7, 1784. forms a visual pair with the galaxy NGC 1161. Both galaxies are located between the Local and Perseus supercl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60125052
Neepa Maitra Neepa T. Maitra is a theoretical physicist and Professor of Physics at Hunter College of the City University of New York and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. She is most well known for her contributions to theoretical chemistry and chemical physics, especially in the development of a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60128647
Yehuda Farissol (; ) was a Jewish-Italian mathematician and astronomer. In 1499 he published a description of the astronomical sphere with diagrams, under the title "Iggeret S'fira" ("Epistle of the Sphere").
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60129827
Alma Theodora Lee (born 12 April 1912, Tingha, died 20 October 1990, Wellington) was an Australian botanist and plant taxonomist who worked at the National Herbarium of New South Wales, University of Sydney, and CSIRO. She is notable for raising the standard of systematic botany in Australia, and for her revisions of "...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60144651
Subcrop (geology) Subcrop is a term in geology. It is a contrast to the term "outcrop", if not a perfect antonym. If rocks exposed at the present-day erosion surface are referred to as outcrops, then now-buried rocks that were exposed at ancient erosion surfaces are referred to as "subcrops". So, a subcrop is buried. I...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60160726
Ali Wallace (naturalist) Ali Wallace ("fl." 1840-1907) was the name used by a Malay who accompanied and assisted Alfred Russel Wallace in his travels and explorations from 1855 to 1862. Initially recruited as a cook for his expedition, Ali was later responsible for independently collecting many significant specimens th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60161743
Ali Wallace (naturalist) Wallace wrote: The species was named by George Robert Gray as "Semioptera wallacii" or Wallace's standardwing. While at Ternate, Ali married a woman and he did not join Wallace in 1859. Ali joined Wallace again in 1861 on a trip to the island of Bouru. In 1862 Wallace went to Singapore where he...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60161743
Ortho effect refers mainly to the set of steric effects and some bonding interactions along with polar effects caused by the various substituents which are in a given molecule altering its chemical properties and physical properties. In a general sense the ortho effect is associated with substituted benzene compounds. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60166827
Ortho effect Intramolecular hydrogen bonding of an ortho OH donor to the carbonyl oxygen of the carboxyl group, acting as an acceptor, increases the positive charge on the carbonyl carbon and consequently the acidity of the carboxyl OH. When any group is present at ortho to NH in aniline then the basic character of tha...
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Ortho effect Also in nitration of the nitration of 3-bromobenzoic acid 5-bromo-2-nitrobenzoic acid (83%yield) was obtained as major product and 3-bromo-2-nitrobenzoic acid (13% yield) as minor. On an interesting note the potential isomer 3-bromo-4-nitrobenzoic acid was not detected. In normal electron demand Diels-Alde...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60166827
G. C. Anupama G C Anupama is Dean and Senior Professor, Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) in Bengaluru. She is currently (for the period of 2019-2022) serving as president of the Astronomical Society of India (ASI), becoming the first woman to head this association of professional astronomers in India. Anupama is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60170373
Rutheniridosmine is a naturally occurring mineral alloy of the elements ruthenium, iridium and osmium with the formula of (Ir,Os,Ru). occurs as hexagonal, opaque, silver-white, metallic grains with a Mohs hardness of six. Platinum, palladium, rhodium, iron, and nickel occur as impurities. occurs in association with spe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60172494
Achalaite ((Fe, Mn)(Ti, Fe, Ta)(Nb, Ta)O) is a black mineral of the wodginite group, first discovered in 2013. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system and has a dark, metallic luster, a specific gravity of 6.285 and a Mohs hardness of 5.5. occurs in the intermediate zone of topaz- and tantalite-bearing pegmatite. Asso...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60174967
NGC 3239 is an irregular galaxy in the constellation of Leo. It is the host of SN 2012A, the first supernova of 2012. The galaxy, which was discovered in 1784 by William Herschel, is part of the New Galactic Catalogue, and with an apparent magnitude of 13.5, is not visible to the naked eye. It has been shown to have ma...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60178638
Cyclohexanehexathione is a cyclic covalent compound consisting of a six-carbon ring with a sulfur bonded to each. It has been synthesized by neutralization of its monoanion (CS) in a mass spectrometer. This compound is the thioketone analog of cyclohexanehexone; that oxygen variant is expected to be substantially less ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60181385