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This behavior offers a reasonable explanation for the high-pressure acoustic wave velocity profile of SiO2 glass (Murakami and Bass 2010). | background | Results and discussion | fb42dd12354e6964f9dafa61d491be22e14ba2cd | 0ab1037b498a9c0fa5746d0330e8dcef5db71133 |
[57] by delineating mobile payment platforms into five layers: (1) device; (2) (operating) system; (3) network; (4) service, and; (5) content. | background | 1 Introduction | 24f45474d52f1880b6d9ebc6cdc3a8b41d2abc3a | 03a02c636aef2616afe010f2c81a1adf33808d16 |
…asking participants to distribute funds between two programs aimed at decreasing extremism among Islamic communities in the U.S.: one centered on policing and surveillance of Muslims, and the other on providing them with education and opportunities for learning (see Kteily et al., 2015, Study 5). | background | Method | 7184b56dd919fab78fe2d06a53e2b35766ddd9da | fe13f843c52243e096d7e1a52345a68eaf2cfef1 |
…& Pearson (1991) found no separation by different size classes of mayfly species and different types of substratum, our results suggest the presence of a sizerelated shift in habitat use, as identified in many other studies (i.e. Pringle, 1982; Williams & Moore, 1986; Osborne & Herricks, 1987). | result | Discussion | 7ef9fe09f54e94ad0fb021f98c587d5f4204da6d | None |
exposure in those IL-6 KO mice and found a significantly higher number of eosinophils in the airway in these mice than in wild-type mice (data not shown), corroborating the observations that were previously published using the OVA model (21, 22). | result | Discussion | 57247582ff2a82454bf6808e26266bdafcbb380c | e7ff3015265437fb629b6b678ba23bd0df7fd0e9 |
germination stimulatory activity by germination bioassays with Striga hermonthica as previously described by Jamil et al. (2010). | method | METHODS | 364b3e741d95859318f7adf65a3cec52ab7c8dbe | d0f95cbaacf88f11eb70042d09d127e8535eb13d |
…and could potentially modulate the metabolism of SN-38 in vivo (Zheng et al., 2001; Guillemette, 2003; Villeneuve et al., 2003; Girard et al., 2004; Yamanaka et al., 2004), as well as response to irinotecan-based chemotherapy (Ando et al., 2000; Innocenti et al., 2004; Marcuello et al., 2004;… | background | 843eaa7acbdba0fab5e4edd2fccc8226ced3ac55 | d75ad368dded5e7d1a6ab96fe87a6fe7494f0673 | |
…that only Fe2+bound form, but not Mn2+-bound form, of PerRBL senses low levels of H2O2, those genes (katA, ahpC, mrgA, and possibly pfeT) belonging to H2O2 stimulon are likely to be controlled by Fe2+-bound form of PerRBL, as previously known for B. subtilis PerR regulon (Fuangthong et al., 2002). | background | Results | 405e2a5d3bb5c430c4d0cbd020d8bebe8c1364ba | 855f0edac470b58ab2dc7ecb8e873c970f273a23 |
4 We are not comparing with JMOSEL [13] as we did not find it available on the Internet. | background | 6 Experiments | 3fa646a34100457a6036434475cc2a88d149268d | 6df60e9f1a9933e1ff81b2f788102de3ffedeb3e |
ORL1, a recent addition to the opioid receptor family, is the only opioid receptor subtype selectively activated by OFQ/N, an endogenous opioid ligand (Meunier et al., 1995; Reinscheid et al., 1995). | background | Discussion | bc782d51c766fad76c0239f49c79a3cf738b8f19 | 3f13aac64d3620658c9d3f905530df49fd5437d9 |
Arpp/Ankrd2 has been found to be induced in denervated muscles (Tsukamoto et al. 2002) and in muscles chronically immobilized in a stretched position (Kemp et al. 2000). | background | Introduction | 0fd548a07b8d113f5f6a6255abe191668120ac53 | 74809ba2f3834024b56f5b0784655b1435708c60 |
Currently, one of the most frequently utilized approaches to regenerate large bone defects relies on the placement of scaffolds under the premise that space maintenance will occur in tandem with new bone formation within the scaffold-filled defect [4, 10, 22]. | background | Introduction | b5f55adfbe61ff6f45f99c501ea2f27a7472db7d | f1ed4b2eb396542c3048a6d660cd3d4dfb8a9f55 |
A novel prokaryotic immunity-like system (CRISPR/CAS) has been recently discovered (Barrangou et al., 2007; Brouns et al., 2008; Marraffini & Sontheimer, 2008), involving two main constituents: (i) clusters of regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and (ii) CAS (CRISPR-associated sequence) proteins. | background | INTRODUCTION | 0751ca9d7eb15f21e90374b6fcdc299948d2111e | 6520584cb0d400b610e60c6195c0abb66cf7de11 |
For experiments that involve recurrent modules, we apply gradient clip only to weights of ConvLSTM module (clipped by global norm 3) to stabilize training. | method | 4. Experiments | 28c2b083a6c294a05ff5edffa0ccf2b927049108 | 4a861d29f36d2e4f03477c5df2730c579d8394d3 |
We assumed a design effect of 2.6 based on intraclass correlation coefficients estimated in a study measuring STH infection in a similar population in India [32] since such information for Bangladesh was not available. | method | Methods | 426dc76544b056cd55684fe98f7c54c8337cdf13 | 477f45c07ec32826e209df67ec925c230dd1bf8e |
com) was used to digitally capture the referent and simulation data from [17]. | method | Methods | 43b02723a14f38cf3060af20b7d6d576563380c8 | 55899ffa1ca17fd8ba86a6298a245723ddb22038 |
These models are the radial-modesof-vibration model of Abdullah (1966), the tornado/ boundary interaction model of Tatom et al. (1995), and the corotating vortex model (Powell 1964; Georges 1976; Mitchell et al. 1992). The infrasonic data seemed most consistent with the model of Abdullah, as is shown in a later section... | method | cbc308bee74319c2bf4c2fa3c8efe0db2fe84dc6 | f40a16c7d8ea7fd91219e897c75ede2665b617db | |
Alcohol intake at the time of the 5-year survey was estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire [8]. | method | Methods | a205a088e89034e9d213830de6abfceaf05b84b1 | 2190afa622a3e0a8d398e6fabbd80a0333e8854c |
…stress in schizophrenia (Figure 1), the results reported here may indicate that the DA-dependent restitutive system, which normally decreases its own activity in the face of stress, may be disrupted or already down-regulated in schizophrenia, as previously predicted (Friedhoff 1985, 1986, 1988). | result | DISCUSSION | 2c000dab571a498696699edc81e9ceffef255526 | 13ff21e59653ae5565812783407ea0561a28f9b8 |
Previous research, as well as our study results, agree with the hypothesis that the expression of solanaceous PT4 genes are specially induced by AM (Chen et al. 2007; Drissner et al. 2007; Karandashov and Bucher 2005; Nagy et al. 2005; Poulsen et al. 2005). | result | Discussion | 29fd62b419533563a0944402846d81810d80746a | 357e225ee2f568b6e03d8c63853c1a4c8d7dfa18 |
Several plans to unlock subglacial lakes exist (Siegert et al., 2004; Inman, 2005; Siegert et al., 2007; Schiermeier, 2008; Woodward et al., 2009) and valuable knowledge will be available as soon as direct samples of subglacial water and sediments are taken. | background | 1 Introduction | f14e762b9fac73b60a201d23b8b724a6c7746cf6 | 52b9ca6169381630781a1fe69651d8f77f22036a |
Begg’s funnel plots [21] and Egger’s regression method [22] were conducted to detect the potential publication bias (P,0. | method | Methods | 6f18ff9575a4226160f5e2a69d8530721a43be06 | 2cd8f79fef2fe8067c1b025c580fec6551b34890 |
scores or minimally important difference (MID) estimates were not considered required, but were considered highly desirable [34, 44, 45]. | background | 6 Patient and investigator Burden | 38b93daf96d80c68b2dccfd6a7a3fdc2007cbc20 | 7cb974ef210a6ac52c26cbd07f5504890a1194eb |
Complications were scored according to the Modified Accordion Severity Grading System, and quantified using previously validated severity utility weights.(12,13) The postoperative morbidity index was calculated by dividing the total burden of highest-grade complications by the total number of patients in any given coho... | method | METHODS | e1e3b24ae1be08930a1743abfeb58020b56a597a | e7096ff392b584e870a0dd5cc175581e4976a46e |
…especially theorists adopting the prisoner’s dilemma as the main paradigm for explaining the evolution of cooperation (e.g., Cosmides and Tooby 1992; Trivers 1971), would argue that a mechanism with a relatively unconditional and indiscriminate care element may not evolve at all in an environment… | background | The Evolution of a Uniquely Human Capacity for Cooperation | 870abc17d060a72738746f727d9723db088217f9 | 4e671994e5b0c7aefbecd050e95fdb45272d7e12 |
The other epitopes were mapped in this work and, although their neutralizing capability were not determined before, they were identified using the same methodology employed to map other relevant epitopes using sera from immunized animals (18, 19). | background | DiscUssiOn | 2c437cb33335a8e6be80be83fe01a6a3ba64543d | 8c65d72e1785ecce3271e0c703a32b380be81933 |
Such positive imagery training has been shown to increase state positive affect in healthy young adult volunteers (Holmes et al., 2008a, 2009, 2006; Nelis et al., 2013) and dysphoric individuals (Pictet et al., 2011), and in some studies decrease symptoms of depression (Lang et al., 2012; Williams… | background | Introduction | 90910fda9a026ff80f248208efc880cc9dfb0c33 | 974c64594b6e0381c96186a594406e9fbbe2f4af |
In addition, evaluation of recombination by construction of incongruent phylogenetic trees (Fu et al., 2011) based on non-recombinant and recombinant region of the VP1 gene sequence was done using MEGA software version 5.0 (Tamura et al., 2011). | method | 2. Methods | 5f2b6685eb54b7401049012bb4bb8b80b974c356 | 27ad640378517e7c1395dcbbec0d38d6761cf543 |
These results are consistent with previous studies in microglia (Bianco et al. 2005), astrocytes (Bianco et al. 2009) and PC12 cells (Cocucci et al. 2007), where ATP stimulation induced the shedding of membrane vesicles of heterogeneous diameter. | result | Discussion | f7c9245e226cc0ebc86d280e030e4d7df6818ca1 | ec19591611b2644c02e9446cfd1b950b65657bcc |
…of a variety of semantic phenomena, including semantic priming (Burgess, 1998; Jones, Kintsch, & Mewhort, 2006; Lowe & McDonald, 2000), word association (Griffiths et al., 2007; Sahlgren, 2006), and semantic categorization (Bullinaria & Levy, 2007; Burgess, 1998; Jankowicz, 2005; Laham, 2000). | background | 1. Introduction | 403be1b4e5ac775d46700814b76eedce4be8441a | 0f3ab6835042ea45d2aab8e4a70151c11ca9a1d6 |
Smoking while pregnant is the leading cause of preventable infant morbidity and mortality, as well as pregnancy complications [1-6]. | background | Background | ee9b607fc7ea5e6e77530145ab032e6662404845 | ffd39ac1ee59cb94766a425cc0934ada913d94bb |
…this meta-perceptual distinction between being (perceived to be) dehumanized and disliked parallels a similar distinction between dehumanizing and disliking, which have been shown to exert independent effects on intergroup outcomes (e.g., Andrighetto et al., 2014; Kteily et al., 2015). | background | Method | 7184b56dd919fab78fe2d06a53e2b35766ddd9da | fe13f843c52243e096d7e1a52345a68eaf2cfef1 |
It seems that systemic sympathetic denervation and lack of sympathetic compensation contribute to both pronounced morbidity and the development of PPH and OH (Jansen and Lipsitz 1995; Umehara et al. 2014; Mathias 1991; Teramoto et al. 1997). | background | Discussion | 3874a1098d1e34b107a9c4ba1a1e200070de15b0 | 7d253f083d75e9cba4af91751451b379fb5c37a3 |
Consistent with the notion that Derlin-1 acts in the retrotranslocation [21,22,26,48–51], misfolded proteins accumulate in the ER in derlin-1 mutants, indicative of disrupted ERAD. | background | c1e8d6f81188cd22f16972e3afb8cb051e9a4182 | 07a04ec4a979acbf67ef9b08fe4b4bc8098232b8 | |
Data derived from Rosengaus et al. (1998) was used to compare the survivorship of I. schwarzi to that of Z. angusticollis following exposure to masscorrected doses of conidia. | result | Statistical analysis | f9e9bef98a81a43ce7b700822e03423273186029 | 7b2b2256858a4d7d4a273db9dd3a643b2fadc055 |
While the discouraging effect of equal wages on hard-working agents has long been informally discussed (e.g., Milgrom and Roberts 1992, p. 418f), Abeler et al. (2010) provide controlled evidence in favor of this intuition. | background | 2.2 Results | 10dd055d4276a7c2f17192717a22d824783c48cb | 0d10e553c0a46e7384b3c34dc45bb063843a8300 |
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are uncommon tumors that develop in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract and usually present in the fifth to seventh decade of life [1,2]. | background | Introduction | 586340da84022480b3855ffd8a95489f8c618228 | 89056a119a9d07f3f2538cabc721eca4506cc95b |
…such as RasGefQ prefer GDP-Ras (Mondal et al., 2008), it is plausible that B56 may facilitate recruiting GDP-Ras to specific RasGef proteins.
the hydrophobic motif (HM) site, respectively (Meili et al., 1999; Kamimura et al., 2008; Kamimura and Devreotes, 2010; Cai et al., 2010; Liao et al., 2010). | background | INTRODUCTION | f6eec9e017dc394b3f41740428e7cf410f14ebc9 | 1d01b17251206c3cc82db8a7830cb5b164ab7579 |
However, Kelly and Kolstad [12] and Webster et al. [31] have shown that it may take a very long time before the uncertainty in damages is reduced. | method | 2 Methods | 2eaca2d03142a35ccee61ed9ed7b6982596405c1 | f070850bb61ff2effbcd9ebb6d984f428e210716 |
Unfortunately, despite all the extensive work conducted worldwide through basic In Vitro method[6-8], In Silico information[9-10], hybrid method[11], mimicking the In Vivo test as far as possible[12-13]. | method | Introduction | 271e3b8aad7bba749e2ad0f087086530b60e5947 | 0c40d3dfe5edf7b17da70a0dfc025482b82994ba |
With the capability of snatching electrons away from biomolecules[57], ROS are capable of inflicting damages such as cell and mitochondria membrane lipid peroxidation[4,5,29,45,58-67] and increased permeability of the outer mitochondrial membrane[4,27,68-72]. | background | 2. ROS production | f8ccfc480614ba0a0ec998a547727542d0c4d80b | beeb5c20510e5ecc5449b6d0d3f8945f6afa5f7a |
In the present study, only the Zn content was significantly elevated in the plaques at 56 weeks old, further indicating that increased Zn is a late-stage effect of advanced plaque pathology (Religa et al., 2006). | background | Discussion | f81ef2ee90d9620c42ceb83e328ffee43ef99db3 | 4bc20c55ce74eed00e16cafa85d5051cf58e51bf |
Gametogenesis in male is normally androgen dependent.(16,45) The Sertoli cells that surround developing germ cells are known to secret androgen-binding protein under the influences of testosterone and FSH. | background | Discussion | a3ab23f7c76decce6b45696fb09ef8ea538df866 | 03a7146d3b138976303eabebbf6b9cb04172c5ac |
generated using RAxML (Stamatakis et al. 2008) as implemented through the CIPRES web portal (http:// www. | method | Methods | 78f80d6452bdbe714d370cd8156ae394d1e12a55 | 8885f07e88c654abc972d2d66fc7243f86de9cf1 |
This S1P gradient that regulates immune cell distribution (Zhao et al. 2015) and contributes to endothelial function (Rosenberg & Stern 1966) is maintained by conversion of S1P to sphingosine within cells by S1P phosphatases (Spp1 and Spp2) and extracellularly by lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPP1… | background | Introduction | 7545d53ca7fe37d619a1f8785edbd698bf614a20 | 7fed8493cf1a28c8b07d6926b82cfadd2acfbd8f |
…and selection of studies
We used a database of 1344 articles on the psychological treatment of depression that has been described in detail elsewhere (Cuijpers et al. 2008b, 2011), and that has been used in a series of earlier published meta-analyses (www.evidencebasedpsychotherapies. org). | method | Method | 1d17b9a74b4703dadb049c8b4059723b30ea7f89 | 056035f8d44ca3e922a116bcc3608115d8ea4f0e |
Heavy metals contamination of Bohai Bay in the past few years have been investigated (Zhang et al. 2002; Hua et al. 2005; Wang et al. 2005; Wang and Li 2006; Wang and Wang 2007; Liu et al. 2007; Meng et al. 2008), however, no comparison was available to show the spatial and temporal distribution of… | background | f0d0137f72b6964c019ccf4b8ff4b8f002bc35b4 | 8b7f13e28a23afc9208097b9beefc793bad9a636 | |
CDKs are enzymatically active when associated with cyclins, and three sets of cyclin–CDK complexes including cyclin D–CDK4, cyclin D/CDK6 and cyclin E–CDK2 complexes are sequentially assembled and activated during the G1 phase (Malumbres and Barbacid, 2001; Chulu and Liu, 2009). | background | Results | 0ec5bf54921fb55a66383970dbf9040724e281e4 | c824fde7bf52707c957aeb5c297268efb9d9a669 |
Thus, antibodies against sequences common to PLCb1a and 1b isoforms (N-ter, R-233, PLCb136–87, D-8) recognized two bands with apparent molecular masses consistent with previous reports (Lee et al., 1987, 1993; Fukaya et al., 2008), whereas G-12 antibody only detected the heaviest band, in agreement with its expected sp... | result | Specificity of antibodies | 80160aee8cdcbc26e6b65dd28fd07246c349140c | 9b191008e5ce88ef5fb79694fa7fb8d7ab10170b |
We identified four data collection approaches used among the 86 implementation research projects: (1) VA-wide databases built with extractions from local health-care facility data systems (35 projects), (2) local or remote extraction from local electronic health records (EHR) (59 projects), (3) collection of primary da... | background | HIT Role in Providing Data and Information for Implementation Research | 65d4de92fa86bfc182feced6c440382d9bc8d4e2 | 540ce47e26a5dd033bfb19a9d4429c739f7dd611 |
1 and Figure 1), we used a standard tf√óidf (Salton and McGill, 1983) and length-normalized document vectors. | method | 3.2.2 Implementation | 735e780a46e7ef7735907393dca142cab02a3c88 | 3bb73407096cbb0f5d884eb108d694b43580004b |
Three memory-based string matching approaches in [8], [10], and [4] were evaluated for the apples-to-apples comparisons. | method | 4.1 Experimental Environments | 026b7cae6eb1dfa570ddc4100135ff7b5023b6de | 0b29c289bc5f0fa7e51090d1ad00654754b68b94 |
Previous case reports [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8] also have suggested the etiological role of CMV in CMV-associated pancreatitis. | result | DISCUSSION | 3bea480852ea26efa410b833852e32dd0f2b8cf4 | 4a9432105f2e93a925a0196f5bbace814002e8c9 |
Our finding that BMI1 appears to contribute to chemoresistance in canine OSA cells is consistent with previous studies examining human OSA [8, 9] and other tumor cell lines [24, 25]. | result | Discussion | 37d28aa1bcce05abe445a9521d11d59a20d3f06a | cc9a03363b08d46e9ee168ad779c44aabb4fc81b |
Furthermore, at many places the compact lamination of the granule cells is lost resulting in granule cell dispersion (GCD; Houser, 1990). | background | fd954be600a25a685dece1dd7118035e270ffc7a | 13d455598df90628864bca0122480b04a8879ac6 | |
…depression among gay and HIVpositive men (Körner et al. 2008; Newman et al. 2008; Newman et al. 2009), the contributory role of male sexual dysfunction to depression (Mao et al. 2009a), and the difficulties of managing depression among men who use crystal methamphetamine (Saltman et al. 2008). | background | Method | 96d59f09d602d930beddbc2785972d443efa4d93 | 723a4b4f3019cd5a5f8546925d8cf4478a0d03b7 |
However, mechanisms that accounted for the effects of alcohol on pial arterioles was not examined in our previous study (22). | background | DISCUSSION | 45b494f982aa56b15771b334ec617d684008665d | f76b021b2e67dc2482230be64f5a8869835a2b78 |
Similar figures were reported by other studies investigating the combinations of CE-US þ CT and CT þ MRI in the setting of 1- to 2-cm HCC nodules.(9,24) In the present study, regardless of the dual combination of dynamic contrast imaging technique applied, no more than 13% of grade I tumors 2 cm were correctly identifi... | result | Discussion | 4c6b6c259d2c6ce8fb20cdccd39ffcd896122752 | 99839f014de489472b0b6f93fb43d6b6aa3325c2 |
…found similar results when their outcome was alcohol and marijuana use during midadolescence, regardless of whether popularity measures were based on preference, as in the present study ~Allen et al., 2005!, or based on reputation ~Prinstein & Cillessen, 2003; Prinstein, Meade, & Cohen, 2003!. | result | Discussion | f07ee4ec3ee472be24b2c8401ccc2fa1a1babda4 | 40e5e8a1c1da5aab2cfc39c38a9594353c78652f |
By using the iterative procedure and sensitivity study described in [6], a short list with 16 most possible applications is identified for the satellite network. | method | e62fe430ef58aae90a661353359a54752475d89f | a65e19a79127c9e52fcb3eb8cd954ebdbb848cd9 | |
Enock et al. (2014) found Spearman-Brown corrected reliabilities near 0 (-.22 and -.04) for emotional cueing overall bias scores, suggesting that the reliability of these scores is unacceptably low. | background | Reliability of Emotional Cueing Bias Scores | 917767e7e78b56764648d403f7fb5137f47c34af | 08b0f8f0a6310467ca72b59cf67521fa689bc0f1 |
Furthermore, our data show that more genes were significantly differentially regulated by LSO than by SFO supported by miRNA data on the same animals that showed a differential regulation pattern of miRNA expression by LSO and SFO [39]. | background | Discussion | 4b5bf14cb396b8665f76d4ed2e91bae687940ada | c307afadb6e108dcf2b4166a098342290960f3df |
Details of the performance of this assay have been previously published [11]; within-run and total coefficient of variation for this assay were 0. | method | Methods | f7c838d1829cda49ed59d664c3628d4f41b4933c | 4df57391e1c37dcaacb86a47334e4253a480c4c4 |
Significantly, splicing of AtABI3 is developmentally regulated since the AtABI3-b transcript accumulates only at the end of seed maturation (Sugliani et al. 2010). | background | Discussion | 478bd10d96ed7cc50fabae1fd6da100525410c34 | 82adea97cc7d912926709a9c71dc5ff45b833820 |
Figure 2: Abeler et al. (2010): Effort decisions of high-effort and low-effort providers. | background | 10dd055d4276a7c2f17192717a22d824783c48cb | 0d10e553c0a46e7384b3c34dc45bb063843a8300 | |
Note that there is no feature selection stage, as the Random Forest [1] method used to learn decision tree ensembles performs its own feature selection process. | method | 2 METHODOLOGY | 5d6344f6beae40b2045ad5df10aba80721a38491 | 13d4c2f76a7c1a4d0a71204e1d5d263a3f5a7986 |
represent phases in a progressive deformation, with layer thickness as the evolving parameter [Ghent and Hansen, 1999]. | background | 2.1. Sequence of Deformation and the Plume Hypothesis | 599de37e6628fd9e2f42eff08de73e85fc9e3e10 | d55c95cedf9904a2776b682518c24b4d4d96bec7 |
Kinetic analysis
The duration of phase I was estimated from the averaged response profile, as the time at which there was a marked inflection point in the _VO2, _V CO2 and _V E response and change in end tidal oxygen, end tidal carbon dioxide and R from baseline values (Whipp et al. 1982). | method | Methods | a36968ce4a49331c6bc512af535d0138faa80f27 | d758571cc91a869dda07cd4b0b250f4815052a2d |
ICP-MS reports of sub-parts per billion detection limits, multielement analysis capabilities, and a wide linear dynamic range have made it an often used technique for wine elemental analysis [9]. | background | 1. Introduction | a7ecbb4b04344102d5b60b3a02fcdab476510a1d | 7ea83ac623c5c7f5f7b38b3ca5d243b74fdef823 |
Because previous studies indicated that hexapeptides bind the junction core (29, 32), we tested two junctions, one with an AT-rich core and the other with a GC-rich core (Fig. | result | RESULTS | a9da45d3c240ad5eb1cdd93c8ee731acea9de078 | f953c14a73a426488fcf3d25505c243b29dd274c |
Recent years have seen growing interest in the automated design and synthesis of microfluidic biochips [39], [44], [47]–[51], [53]–[56], [59]–[61], [63]–[67], [69]. | background | A. Scheduling and Module Placement | a6bce68d6e6f801e4244bf91d476a4fff40ea56f | 63ad8c9f553efc04a66e98c4552cc36727df6ba6 |
8) with poor oral bioavailability thus necessitating administration of relatively high doses (300–450 mg/kg body weight in preclinical models) for optimal therapeutic benefits (Aneja et al., 2007; Ke et al., 2000; Ye et al., 1998). | background | 1. Introduction | 858d3545928bdc200ad8b1d3131a244c25acfbf0 | d207d79d0e2135c2c327c8a5aa55dcbed1e61ea9 |
However, surprisingly few human studies have examined the effects of neurotoxic stimulants on the adolescent brain, particularly on the ACC (Lyoo et al. 2015; Sung et al. 2013a), although the use of psychostimulants including MA is often initiated during adolescence (King et al. 2010). | background | INTRODUCTION | 2051356ab3b598e148ad2ef4a82bfb88eb29f5e3 | fc5e3ad866cff397fe564e2f165adf6ba240ab3a |
This is because the mechanical and the sonographic parameters impose fundamental limitations and, hence, upper bounds on the quality of the strain estimates (Varghese and Ophir 1997), but the signal-processing parameters can be adjusted to obtain some, but not all, of these upper bounds simultaneously. | background | 114de63c96176358b8cd3c99aa744c86f0eeced7 | 7ffdab1930ccf68c10be4cf9a9ffdb933c9dd516 | |
The SVD transform has been used in several audio watermarking algorithms [22-25,37-39]. | method | 2.2 SVD-based audio watermarking | 3cba0c4066b04692c6d497abe7e00d20729a9ab7 | 2c74b84a46e6937604dce33da228be23b8896c34 |
…Additionally, similar to the nomenclature of rice gene ID in RGAP (http://rice.plantbiology.msu.edu/index.shtml),
maize gene ID in PLAZA is given according to the chromosomal location, which is convenient for the following research (http://bioinformatics.psb.ugent.be/plaza/) (Proost et al. 2015). | background | Introduction | bbcf8feb702dc090e17a4834bb2e33599ffaa04c | 409828fe11ca1326f3f8247b8c16f1544fbf343b |
Because the process of granuloma formation sequesters and encapsulates bacteria but does not necessarily destroy them, mycobacteria may inhibit binding of phagosomes and avoid microbicidal activity, remaining protected from the immune system within the cell.(20,29) The disease may then be reactivated in times of relati... | background | RESULTS | 780fc0cc0599b87284d6f7eff301301ea11c2bae | fd9e1925155bbfa0b97175da80720ee830e79386 |
Therefore, endotoxin, when given concomitantly with T, increases hepatic lipid accumulation and thus augments the development of T-associated fatty liver in rats (Dickerson and Karwoski 2002). | background | 3. Results and Discussion | 0f3db7460f14a117d4ea31c3de80e379b89aba6e | c3b9cdb458984787b84db387e36e4f70913273e2 |
Some recent work encompassing both North American and African grasslands suggests that ‘‘pyric herbivory’’ (grazing in conjunction with fire) and the interaction of natural fires and free-roaming herbivores creates a natural and dynamic grassland mosaic which is beneficial to biodiversity (Engle et al. 2008; Fuhlendorf... | background | Discussion | d388588cbc8aef4f1eba7b56f1571191370f6e75 | 7348e48de2ad238df345015c6b9c42830bee728b |
The AoV and AAo were evaluated using a parasternal long-axis view, and the PV, MPA, LPA, RPA, and DA were evaluated using a parasternal short-axis view as per published guidelines [12]. | method | Methods | 1287a526b807f0565a4120d3df2fe127aa8a49b7 | d274e3b685dc99fb87a4b8824dc563b8ee03465e |
Furthermore, those genes (fur and perR) that are not repressed by Fe are not induced by H2O2 (Fuangthong et al., 2002). | background | Introduction | 405e2a5d3bb5c430c4d0cbd020d8bebe8c1364ba | 855f0edac470b58ab2dc7ecb8e873c970f273a23 |
Such modifications, i.e. investing in proportionally longer reproductive tracts, resulting in positive allometry, could potentially function to enable the female greater control over fertilization under sperm competition (Birkhead 1995). | background | Discussion | c81deba46633ffe554a3193fc39fabcbfcfa1b0c | ab09ef3a1d7bdbb5bec3c124093f209ddb0e8955 |
Kacprzyk and Yager [7], Kacprzyk, Yager and Zadro ny [8, 9]) from the perspective of Zadeh’s computing with words and perception paradigm (cf. | background | 1. Introduction | c9411482609c16153ee6642525cbe322036f323d | c7c7eb67ff0527cfac32ced00dcf7df09efe8b39 |
As is shown, we estimate that the order of the run times is Oðn2Þ for the LP approach as is appointed in [15,16]. | method | 4. Experiments | 08c3c1916e1b2c8f57556edf227140c7e2a4afe7 | 2a70163748e1941de4ed4bcd425414e681d1b33a |
The biological significance of those clusters was, first, evaluated using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) [10,11], a biological database and web resource of known and predicted protein-protein interactions. | method | Methods | 18617a0c5eb90e67c3ec27360f4ebe5ce3dcd937 | 6b41c2034cb5d2e8b2485a41d15b4a6f9c3086f0 |
MBs, sometimes referred as the width (Mohlenkamp et al. 2002; Ozbag et al. 2002; Ozbag and Kervancioglu 2004). | background | Introduction | 6ac4a33dcce8c8821ffd16c1f8d4d23a27f4a506 | 6186e70a6bc014d7d5b82a4649574ef25e7b7ec0 |
We use the same evaluation metrics as in [4][22][36] for evaluation on two human parsing datasets, including accuracy, average precision, average recall, and average F-1 score. | method | 4 Experiments | fcab5a9f26db32982c12fa5b72d22ec205da7c7c | 71f98c3f7a5b02ab193110d5ae9f9d48a1c5ec38 |
Quantitative evaluation of apoptosis by flow cytometry that was carried out 24 h later revealed an increasing proportion of cells recorded in the sub-G1 phase with increasing concentrations of arachidonic acid (Dymkowska et al., 2006). | background | RESULTS | c9a63a4272af92612219617b75bcf0c6ab2bfdd7 | cb101cdbe7aac08d64577ea4ec526d1663a9899d |
The feasibility of a simulation of socio-technical systems increases when proven theory are used to ground factors that need to be considered and are important for the model [14]. | background | 1 Introduction | cf10f60a5fe5162852b7043073b126d5f62f18cc | e372a468ad80e71b0cac1dd9ea9bf20c3fedd6e3 |
Nevertheless, such discrepancies between the levels measured in the primary tumor and metastases and CTCs have been described before at both the mRNA and the protein level(37, 42, 48-51), indicating that the findings with our multi-gene measuring technique may indeed be relevant. | result | Results and Discussion | a18e8f6d3eba1ec6e7a8984e8a06a75ea29f4e38 | fbfd4bb0564aac755ef30ae7e42d50d463568076 |
This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement.(16) | method | METHODS | 2acec287390181b43e166794fc72d723645415ff | 422eb72108ce3cef7e66514720b99af04a46ae57 |
Although PAM is present at high levels throughout the developing and adult nervous system (Schaefer et al., 1992; Zhang et al., 1997), its expression has not been characterized in the olfactory epithelium. | background | MATERIALS AND METHODS | 3516a63c54b0a0722b33aeadd40974ee594c2987 | 20883c3a68ffda3885f4eba72316a7d9b5c2de83 |
We used the TrioML estimator based on Wang [62] as it fitted our data best based on the relatedness data for the whole captive population (see above). | method | Methods | e108fc20a1bfd250a06c0bc042380c2df7a0b7b9 | 6d9efe7a9ac3a9058ede523c67b276afdf1d0773 |
(4) GeneNetwork [17], indicated by GN, learns gene network by reverse engineering inference approaches. | background | 4. Experiment | 81acf4083958a2fcda5a39f6af561422fa0d1843 | 41b6d3400b56ccfd65171bf33009664c60a52b64 |
For the methods such as PAM and RELIEFF, the number of features/prototypes chosen must be tuned. | method | 5.2 Experimental Setup | 5f0e86eed436115235f5014e44446eb819c2d7cd | 33afcf296141e43586790158c5f52bbcfb799b81 |
The ethanol was gradually introduced into the diet over an 8-day period, as described previously (22, 24). | method | METHODS | 45b494f982aa56b15771b334ec617d684008665d | f76b021b2e67dc2482230be64f5a8869835a2b78 |
Eva-green (Biotium) was used for detection, and 0.1% Tween 20, 0.1 mg/mL BSA, and 5% DMSO were added to the PCRmix as described (Khanna et al., 2007). | method | METHODS | 0b398e944ed8125d270e0646b3ed3773eec1bad9 | 19bf9b505a41819f996b47c42d425403f31394a1 |
This activity is most probably mediated through actions in the glutamatergic synapses in the neuromuscular junctions [19]. | background | 3. Discussion | d937bc4d0722d5b45366b3c4dfde4732224bc048 | 9200a75534f44836ca7651c9d63d11b884947fa6 |
3, JUNE 2007 61 is present.(1-4,17) This architecture is preserved because BOOP occurs intraluminally within the pulmonary tree. | background | a5ea7c98ce4e9c46aee1c9d66df85c4a631d4fe3 | 76673ab572b73ed6e8ebf59f5b5ae28453f873f9 | |
The upper frequency limit of the neurons' capability to follow envelope modulations was 320 Hz and 380 Hz in the European starling and the mynah bird (a closely related species), respectively (Hose et al., 1987; Knipschild et al., 1992). | background | Discussion | 9be0e24285648aad163bbe1dfcb53c4dd1ec0f53 | b7d923a0fc554db58339f3e255e50eb2d8f83136 |
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