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Consistent with these experimental findings in animals, head-down rotation (HDR) performed in young adults, which engages the otolith organs of the vestibular system, increases muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and produces limb vasoconstriction (14, 20, 25, 34). | background | a2c3de455c882a92868b7b6e7e5c7b303551dd3a | 42f4cef937ab22acef516f0e5f5779397df91074 | |
Furthermore, the Obwegeser-Dal Pont method delayed the recovery period of hypoesthesia of the lower lip and was associated with a higher incidence of lower lip hypoesthesia than the Obwegeser method (Hashiba et al., 2007; Takazakura et al., 2007). | method | 4. Discussion | ae96d2c340c29eb94b0fceb3f45c22b8a46ef3fb | 888e61c2deabead3731e3b99d5ba5980fb997fcc |
DSF are characterized by smaller chromatic dispersion and higher Raman scattering coefficient than standard SMF (showing similar loss coefficients), and hence they have been found more suitable for long-range Raman-based DTS [6]. | method | 3. Experiment | 9c94d0557f3876da078f9c3f7bccfed346ad514b | fdde0456f99bfc8e92ffafa3bb93366396ad1ea5 |
This viewpoint can be very insightful; for example, it led to the development of generalized belief propagation (Yedidia et al., 2004). | background | 1 Introduction | 40b002847cecce2e3cfaeae83e85393e57179a0c | 1c8003c27d0022f241b42a1d5ca12b85e44726e6 |
Inhibition of PDE4 has been found to increase the survival of cultured rat dopaminergic neurons in vitro (Yamashita et al. 1997) and dopamine synthesis in the striatum in vivo (Nishi et al. 2008). | background | Discussion | 6c3ef1022fbb6b38ab117a35741be05446819fd2 | 2ad37d4e710386fc101c999e570b18a26265e1dd |
BAK, BAX, and cytochrome c were elevated in the cytosol, consistent with the intrinsic apoptosis pathway [18]. | background | 3.6. Lung cancer | 063c8bd81a85fe217096362b86b2155a9e4d496e | 0128715c48c0cf97a80c0aa7b339f13888708931 |
Ca and Mg
The proportion of Ca2c leached in the field was similar to the laboratory results whereas a smaller proportion of Mg2c was leached in the field (Table 1, Stewart et al. 1998c). | result | Results | 874344959b17ac83a71c60ca9daaf662ac7e86b4 | d722e3aef1de49301010e5f74a3449ffb44a7e52 |
The Sullivan method uses the prevalence of disability in each age group to divide the number of person-years into years lived with and without disability [20]. | method | Methods | ce44f50ec710c70f5894029b1677037d7c9019d4 | 7f45060ebff0c86162f8de1714f4525b46604adf |
and serotonergic receptors, which are also present on macrophages, belong to the group of receptors inhibiting cell activity [9, 14, 30]. | background | DISCUSSION | aff0922376803e25b2dbbfa9e461e295dc5e9230 | 5b1643f1259acbc8174f98750e0c6085eb991e6d |
Significant correlations between a poor performance on the FCSRT and AD biomarkers have also been shown with regard to medial temporal lobe (Sánchez-Benavides et al., 2014; Sarazin et al., 2010) and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers (Wagner et al., 2012). | background | Discussion | 9462acef826a6b495fe8fb281660ee4418bb840e | 21aaceb3fc27e8cc831e25191d967daa0d8962bf |
Taken together with evidence that lesioning the MGN results in cell size reduction in male, but not female rodents, these sex-specific effects support a role of neuroendocrine systems in the development of the functional specialization of the brain (Berrebi et al., 1988; Herman et al., 1997). | background | 4.3. Role of estrogen in sex differences in the auditory system | ffe9fbf5e1db48cdeb03b2790249a3ee0ecc960a | b4f3597485b8e161af04ce27f3d23ad2cbe90ccc |
Three metals were independently electrodeposited on two working electrodes through galvanostatic chronopotentiometry as previously described [20]. | method | 2.2. Methods | 8b03b8d6774c6c45a4d5ca87ceabbc73e03e4acd | 55fb4d2a1453344786c07481d0d309137a362ab6 |
These results are supported by previous published data highlighting that the miR-34 family, including miR-34a and miR-34b/c, acts as a tumor suppressor, able to inhibit different human tumor growth and invasion [36–39], including human LSCC [31–34]. | result | 4. Discussion | 340300238e998780678ad5f97c8e1807be13766d | 560e28cb2e297629602a33fd6358703dfc8711a3 |
A comparison between the findings of Krajcarski et al. (1999) and the rested values in the present study revealed similar effects of pre- load and added load on peak trunk flexion and extensor moments. | result | Results & Discussion | 551c30c8c3ffd11bb00ffef7d89fa3bec52a1102 | f25f4beb189c66b5d0e805ab5a667765137f1787 |
The combination of a red-edge, yellow, and two infrared bands of WV-2 provide additional valuable information for vegetation classification [16–18], which may be particularly useful when spectrally similar components like shrubs and trees need to be separated. | background | 1. Introduction | a416513aaf97060287bf3e64ccdc1ccf85106c07 | 3e7d9223798189ad913a49b1a92ca5e135da9fb5 |
Action-based models of selective attention have done a good job of explaining interference effects associated with competing targets (Meegan and Tipper1998,1999) as well as negative priming (Tipper et al.2002) and IOR in a cue-target task (Briand et al.2000; Welsh and Elliott 2004b). | background | Discussion | d45b18f6600ac7e4b23f6c8db773206725b36897 | ef6024c89420ef17fa3432c2b744f4c7634a795a |
Data from many groups also suggest that only the high-affinity receptor mediates the biologic response of the cells to GMCSF (3, 5, 7). | background | 518865ff46726c9f26d62f8ebb007f1b0e283806 | 29810e197fd6fb50a8acf2c6c5fc9d5f2c691dcb | |
AMG was also afforded protection against CP-induced nephrotoxicity in rats (Mansour et al., 2002). | background | Discussion and conclusions | 952660f4a305ebc8bc46ea23dd1ea41464d6681f | 6b1223f442606ef04c8c04b36f1cdc0efb14c560 |
When vascular invasion is identified in FTCs, there is a prognostic significance based on the number of vessels involved (< 4 or ≥ 4 vascular invasion)[7,11-15]. | background | Introduction | 2045aa4965bba145f84dc8bf6d1d5469c9af84f4 | 697c558bdc46857b39f286010448f882cec8c58a |
Apoptosis can be distinguished from necrosis by its involvement of endonuclease activation leading to internucleosomal doublestranded chromatin (DNA) breaks and by the absence of the early cell membrane damage characteristic of necrosis (47, 48). | background | Discussion | 6ace7e66c437362f1a6cd6621a4cb9fb07409fcf | 14aee4c220cffed3a72054a296b554aeacc64aa4 |
Class annotations were from Swiss-Prot [23,33]; some additional annotations were obtained from literature references for the recently described Nu [24] and Xi [25,26] classes. | method | Methods | 1e5fc03520059372784efc616b079d5b16e2d40a | 0ff962886886963358b795b67dec052d62000407 |
These were based on the WHO stepwise framework, (Epping-Jordan et al. 2005), and the prioritized research agenda for the prevention and control of NCDs (Mendis and Alwan 2011). | method | Methods | 03ea1b81c39c4a6d91dcf0bdbb51d1763146cbf6 | e49c7ee982ef681650360a004f905bf709c6b18e |
Most of these probably had an endobenthic lifestyle, because their morphology is similar to that of extant taxa under such conditions [Corliss, 1991; Buzas et al., 1993; Jorissen et al., 2007]. | background | 3. Methods | df2c2410833b4a3542665c1e02a6b8c8177983fa | 3baedb337055da24603a0f2ff0ec4bdc2ad381cf |
Consistent with the results from a recent systematic review [10] of studies into the diagnostic accuracy of the 50-g GCT, the present study demonstrated that the | result | 4. Discussion | 1521e1abc56616b6351f37ca246d4f3c7a37bb1e | b584b3f997f6b4918d53d65af7ef93fbaa7d282c |
HLA class II expression can be induced on cultured thyroid cells by the addition of IFN-gamma, but not by adding IFN-alpha or IL-2 without IFN-gamma (Todd et al., 1985). | background | Discussion | c8eb64462964f7fbeb6b0779a8f9df0e1963d3a8 | 0f724dd509740c3ccb40c8efc670ab42894f99b5 |
In an attempt to quantify the preference of light source coming from above, Curran and Johnston [Curran and Johnston 1996] deployed a shape perception task as a function of the position of the light source. | method | 5 Perceptual justification | bb2d8714c501b04c9dbd90ffd3787dc219267c72 | 6942acecf777c2949d98b2a0e71bb431ecd1af7b |
The methylation of coding sequences does not seem to affect transcription, while the methylation of promoter sequences usually results in promoter inactivation (Sijen et al. 2001). | background | Introduction | 7796f3e680044a7404fe16306c80ad978df72409 | 1504de3540a465ef14d49897e9506fae51902f2e |
…the absence of subsequent O1 delivery and S2 to predict the absence of subsequent O2 delivery; that is, stimuli trained in such manner exhibit properties (such as retardation) identical to those display by other conditioned inhibitors (Rescorla, 1969; Maier et al., 1976; Delamater et al., 2003). | background | Results | c6d36125efb4ab7d6b762533ea0713fb71b2e6dc | fedbdd871ff0f366be43bcb5b03d0f326e50612e |
A 16S rDNA fragment was amplified by PCR (Hiraishi et al., 1994) using the universal primers 27F (59-AGAGTTTGATCATGGCTCGA-39; positions 8–27 in the Escherichia coli numbering system) and 1492R (59-GGCTACCTTGTTACGACTT-39; positions 1510–1492) (Weisburg et al., 1991). | method | METHODS | 383d24b27ef100cff96087de84cfb98924dd181c | 3e6040bb0e7eb4bbb540134f676576602b4f65fe |
Addition of the calcium ionophore A23187, a compound known to increase the concentration of cytosolic Ca (Reed and Lardy 1972) decreased diosgenin production in T. | background | 3c3df630c2d5fb2b331495151d523dec6e92d864 | 0bba94a20b2ea55cef9811ce14a31c8a6c285e5d | |
One important limitation of serum CA125 is that its levels are not elevated in 50% of women with stage I disease and up to 30% of patients with more advanced disease (Tuxen et al, 1995). | background | bbacb6d3e8299c3ec753cdcaf182674574bca47e | d5d4344438368dc09d930d95b40459645be09bd8 | |
For the assimilation of SMOS brightness temperature data, VIC is coupled with the Community Microwave Emission Model (CMEM) [3-5], which allows for simulating the Top Of the Atmosphere (TOA) brightness temperature contributions of the different surface covers at the hydrologic model resolution. | method | 3. METHODS | 2229e1dbc8cc9694a2c3ee905610db45802f0b10 | 3aa13b47a5a77f94340862a3d519a07192d22212 |
have evolved via mutations targeted around their functional domains while the structural residues are constrained and maintain a highly conserved scaffold (Mackessy 2002; Kini 2004; Fry et al. 2006, 2008; Yamazaki and Morita 2007; Doley et al. 2008). | background | Results and Discussion | 28bbae53d7726e81173814e4af6de5afc3b35017 | a0dae3280e127e31377c90591f5114ae256afcf9 |
This influx of electrons into the mitochondrial matrix and the efflux of protons to the cytosol maintains mitochondrial membrane potential; however, it results in an increase in the production of ROS, RNS, and edema and makes the mitochondrial matrix an alkaline environment [21, 23, 33, 64, 100, 101, 107–116]. | background | 6. Mitochondrial Lesions | cf3d0d63e8ed6cb6bac03c00d21d8b87c83a39d5 | 3d8487b14c2aae003bcdf41f857e0b51c91f285f |
The deep and superficial branches arise from the division of the radial nerve trunk, but the level of division related to the articular line space is not well-known [8, 29, 33]. | background | Introduction | 3c123df5aa9263271fbaf80df545510f6cf53840 | c6780aa6016c36e219213cdfbff55b1a25407d69 |
As argued by Demirgüç-Kunt and Huizinga (2004), Total cost of funds is an implicit interest rate on BHC liabilities, which is inferred from its financial statements. | background | 2.3 Funding costs and other BHC traits | b6aa0eca19a496435e446da9926beda67fd2bd86 | d618979c8bc09c0a1d4cd10d74bd8002dba13c4e |
Eastern rainbowfish exposed to low pH in hard and soft water displayed signs of increased respiratory stress at pH o5 (Holland et al., 2014a). | background | 4. Discussion | bb3074e425bfaf99eb204c6130e9a54eee9dec15 | 11c8eb51792645248ca534461912d88079f7ad4f |
After a wash in lowCa 2 Tyrode’s solution with ADVASEP-7 to remove any cell surface label, the amount of dye loss from the loaded vesicles was assessed by stimulating the endplates with 1 s trains of either 10 or 100 Hz, with 1 s alternating periods of rest, a pattern that approximates the way in which these junctions ... | method | Results | a97e549fc058efda4e870c53ab6ca98d695ea323 | 881a93939ebb854b95f1e75cd83b4ce80c2e4034 |
The leader appears to promote transcription towards the repeats (Brouns et al., 2008; Hale et al., 2008; Lillestøl et al., 2006, 2009; Marraffini & Sontheimer, 2008), generating the RNAs that constitute the molecular base of the interference action (Brouns et al., 2008). | background | INTRODUCTION | 0751ca9d7eb15f21e90374b6fcdc299948d2111e | 6520584cb0d400b610e60c6195c0abb66cf7de11 |
Some have interpreted this as evidence for the “obligatory processing of all of the features of an object, even when instructions direct the observer to focus on only a single part” (Gauthier & Tarr, 2002). | background | d90ad89416158c1246e4828821a2f76f9490c0f0 | 712a15c3dbfb8b35e01cf57579501f190e933873 | |
This result is in agreement with previous studies working on carotenoid contents in macroalgae (Hanelt et al. 1997; Schofield et al. 1998; Harker et al. 1999). | result | Discussion | 9daba6fb7bc300d17ac5726133bf3e7ee177a8cd | None |
Acting via specific receptors, serotonin inhibits the activity of immune cells, including macrophages [14, 24]. | background | DISCUSSION | aff0922376803e25b2dbbfa9e461e295dc5e9230 | 5b1643f1259acbc8174f98750e0c6085eb991e6d |
one stage of the life cycle may impact upon subsequent life history parameters (Post et al. 1997), whilst the inXuence of climate on multiple demographic parameters in the same species has rarely been studied in any taxon (Sillett et al. | background | Introduction | b65e7031c5bd75a4e2de061ed9526e6e44d5146f | 2243ee1c02e77e3c1824cabbe4cd68a324039865 |
During an infection with another alphaherpesvirus, HSV-1, in mice, it has been reported that CCL3 attracts NK cells [16], CCL2 recruits monocytes [17], and CCL5 recruits monocytes, NK cells, and PMNs [18] while CXCL9 recruits T-cells to the sites of infection [16, 19]. | background | Introduction | 3238fef3b87297d36d0c1323d67fc19b4f651c41 | 5bd373dafe49eb4d57de12184f281e880b37dd00 |
Moreover, divergent transcription, defined by detection of populations of low abundance small RNAs (19–25 nts) generated by nonoverlapping (separated by approximately 250 bps) bidirectional transcription, was detected at the majority of transcriptional start sites (TSSs) in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) (5). | background | Ryan A. Flynna,1,2, Albert E. Almadaa,b,1, Jesse R. Zamudioa, and Phillip A. Sharpa,b,3 | c0ad6b489ebb8184a230a9d79768c129fa91b992 | 250bea57928f08dbb4e9ee587fcf0d77b89361de |
which is exactly the cost function that leads to the nonlinear LPM-ICA algorithm (or particularly the LPM-ICA algorithm at the special case f ðrÞ 1⁄4 r) (Xu, Yang, & Amari, 1996; Xu, 1998b; Xu et al., 1998). | background | 1c6b446bc13a454686b6c3872a78fa9c0760677b | 815bd94807ff43a3f3a4f361e5b21e3f7a63556d | |
To have different scales, 3000 texture samples each of 64x64, 128x128, 256x256, and 384x384 are randomly generated and resized to 256x256,[16]. | background | 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS | 86b9c18b9cccc4782238e0aae2c17553f47868e2 | 270c25cea7ba9c8068a24861764470e809731c5f |
For example, although Vieira et al. (2006) listed most mites in mixed habitat associations, we found that 12 mite taxa showed clear pool versus riffle affinities, contributing to our knowledge of the habitat associations of this group. Similarly, 13 of the opposite discrepancies between our results and the Merritt et a... | result | Discussion | 96215fa744982e57cb4a4bd2c6c828684f6d7b87 | ceda2c6f16609c70a8ddae51d9d37a985825c138 |
For example, many studies found that there are decreasedMPFC and increased PCC functional connectivities in TLE.([13,14]) However, some researchers have found decreased DMN connectivities in PCC, anterior frontal, and parietal regions. | background | 9f3bfac2e0aa1e7528621afd8379352a5cfe6a13 | b3bbe023930b24d93a37149fe2d38c2a93e01f04 | |
Therefore, one manifestation of the BRCA1–TONSL genetic interaction may well operate at sites of UV-induced damage, where both proteins are normally engaged in complex DNA damage responses (Duro et al. 2010; O’Connell et al. 2010; O’Donnell et al. 2010; Piwko et al. 2010; Pathania et al. 2011). | background | Results | f36300a29107655359ffb8ed2db04c93dada24aa | aac9fb0178847fc4e17a1acdd5d9662ff53b9c94 |
The OT dosage used in this study is 4 IU lower than the dose used in other studies demonstrating significant effects of OT on psychological variables (Kosfeld et al., 2005; Guastella et al., 2009; Ditzen et al., 2009). | method | 2.2. Experimental design | bd90110f9ea7caf36e70378d0fee9680ec57d3e4 | b63b13697e838ef78a14fe6a23b45a0ef1d2d3ec |
Although themajority of studies have shown that dot probe bias scores have very low reliability, the results of Bar-Haim et al. (2010) and Enock et al. (2014) are promising in that they provide empirical evidence that dot probe scores can be somewhat more reliable in certain contexts. | background | Reliability of Dot Probe Bias Scores | 917767e7e78b56764648d403f7fb5137f47c34af | 08b0f8f0a6310467ca72b59cf67521fa689bc0f1 |
Patients with PD and elderly fallers walk more slowly when asked to perform a cognitive task simultaneously, with a reduced swing time and with an increased stride variability (Bond and Morris 2000; O’Shea et al. 2002; Springer et al. 2006; Yogev et al. 2005). | background | Introduction | 7ac67ff0f59585ad3b31d22424c2cef72e20a27d | 8d588720ea1b676f8b3906b696e06cf64f5b766b |
Rainfall estimates (RFE) at 0.1 degree (about 10 x 11 km) resolution were obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Famine Early Warning System (FEWS) Rainfall Estimates South Asia, version 2.0 (see; http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/fews/SASIA/rfe.sh... | method | Methods | 2c2cb5948eee21c0494dfc787e1f4f540318655b | 32f848429a90a193b8e5cc6eb51bda2bc03caa7e |
osmotic stress arising from irrigation with salt solutions contributed to observed patterns of plant mortality (Maas 1986). | background | Discussion | 0f9f0fec5e2d944821c825437f48f83f356e5055 | d0117b1034a7c431fbd7454e13ee0c5064e21ee7 |
For the STN, we used the published data of Nakanishi et al. (1987), which have been previously used by Gillies and Willshaw (2004) to constrain a similar sigmoid function as per (6), which reproduces the firing properties of the STN neurons. | method | 3 Methods | 91a96631216b4385b239b4b98cb4719334024b07 | 1bc5a2402093337773c49223309daf320a8b29a8 |
Overexpression of AVP1 conferred drought- and salt-tolerance in the transgenic plants (Gaxiola et al. 2001; Park et al. 2005). | background | 0618e4be26a8c9975e4ebf6dcb90f30bb458a533 | 4d4e74fa0cd54184d2d151c6c9d4132675a60374 | |
Furthermore, it has been shown that a minimum of 200–300 amino acids from the C-terminal of HrpZ from P. syringae pv. phaseolicola (HrpZPph) are required for the induction of HR (Lee et al. 2001a) implying that several functional domains exist in HrpZPph (Lee et al. 2001b). | background | Introduction | de3ce4b8f80cf1ec464ada492b578e2a91e21640 | 03deebf175f34a88c200a0ef39d0aca8e4ade8e2 |
These data are different from those reported by Nir et al. (1994b), who showed a negative relationship between particle size and pH, as particle size decreased there was an increase in gastric pH. | result | RESULTS AND DISCUSSION | fcbfb0dc4ea5f34129d8bd5bdac9f3071e53731c | 4b557a30c883f974cf871d87b2646e1dc9cdff4a |
For example, while the ISO 24617-2 (Bunt et al., 2012) would tag ‘What?’ as AutoNegative thus capturing that the speaker is signaling non-understanding, we instead focus on what reaction the speaker expects to trigger in the listener by tagging this as a request to repeat. | background | 2. Dialog Act Schema | dfc2be0a46fc009e5053dcc0d581f37677cbe3ff | 016293fd7901a77538fc361d8c4fa49aefc4cabd |
Some of these configurations are: 3D simulated catalytic gauze, e.g., (Rinnemo et al., 1997), (Quiceno et al., 2006), 1D simulated catalytic foam, e.g., (Horn et al., 2007), (Dalle Nogare et al., 2011), (Korup et al., 2013), 3D simulated channel with catalytic walls, e.g., (Sa et al., 2010),… | background | 1. Introduction | c30b8f34e90a508365a1d484b3ecccb6052f16b1 | 88a6878b28a9289a222001cd15fdf95e560e23f1 |
It is natural to study the swelling and shrinking of catalyzed bulk pNIPAm gels at first because of the relatively simple gelation process and the convenient methods of observation such as microscopy[78, 79]. | method | 5.1 Experiments | 7b8fc72b3aaad6a8b7aa399382fe506b05b4aabe | 2c04e0f4bc457cca70a8c3fcd54c0338283b7eac |
Cohorts of tg mice expressing mutated G37R-hSOD1 were bred and identified by genotyping of tail DNA as described (Martin et al., 2007, 2009; Wong and Martin, 2010). | background | TG MICE AND DRUG TREATMENT PROTOCOL | 18c97ea2ff60c110cc2a523e0fdf729608cbb083 | fc13b9c3dfcc121013edaa12fa8ce7842aaed21a |
In another method loosely inspired from ants, Parunak et al. (2005) and Sauter et al. (2005) have robots search for targets by coordinating their actions through a map containing virtual chemicals (pheromone). | method | 17.4 Collective Behaviours | ee07dc6478c8399acbd07ec4a6d4c1fd5d17e455 | 028fcece1dd0472dbe12dc00ac3f77161643b98b |
2005) and it is also considered a primary pathogen that can affect as much as 70% of the foliage of susceptible trees (Whyte et al. 2005). | background | 4 Discussion | e630311c0ca0d19549bd0959fedd924d929fba85 | 2cb9f88cf6425013c7c976fbb8b65bcbbff0d7e9 |
In order to provide some reassurance about the validity and non-randomness of the obtained results, we present the results of statistical tests by following the approach proposed by Demšar [9]. | method | 3.1 Methodology | 6dab4d017becf68efbc1dc6602b02ecf45b81d0e | 27db63ab642d9c27601a9311d65b63e2d2d26744 |
According to Cochrane Database of systematic Reviews, all of these three drugs are efficacious for mild to moderate AD (Birks 2006) though the symptomatic relief provided byAChE inhibition therapy is weak (Lleó et al. 2006) and fails to reverse disease progression (so-called disease-modifying effect). | background | Introduction | 6f8f15db91412853e4b8da5a8928e3527d44f2eb | 5a928f744e56aa19c6fe4a31ec971f578bdd8498 |
clutches of eggs and continues as crabs cycle through successive clutches (Hench et al. 2004; Forward et al. 2005). | background | Present Address: | 1841abd0ed41a73f722a92a3a6a0f64ff08cf60b | 0b52f45e6bb3a1d6c4dad07bdb343fd467fe4b46 |
Only two other studies have recorded such decreases following training, and these were of longer duration (12 24 weeks), consisted of less subjects (6 and 13) and conducted pre-HAART (MacArthur et al., 1993; Rigsby et al., 1992). | background | Discussion | fc2f113764f20bfec6eb5ab5e6e796d3ac40e1f7 | aa73756cb293b4322b41a025b58f9d522787e48d |
Our results are not consistent with the taxonomic proposals of Klein (2004) and Delforge (2009), even with the former proposal of Tyteca and Klein (2008), although these authors (Tyteca and Klein 2009) accepted the enlarged genus Anacamptis sensu Bateman et al. (2003). | result | Discussion | 5802057e9f48b8d0f44daa7587fa5b465552ead9 | 1f2b5abb2d4160810f906cdc3335f0c0010244ae |
Safe-detection algorithms exploit onemain idea: a deadlock is an invariant property of the system [15]. | background | 1. Introduction | e2b1971d1c50117549c1e2d2f2b5cc3c395120c9 | 260b50bf2bbd82e8c80acc4c0ebc73ecbd0279af |
5E), a further indication that these cells can be considered M cells based on previous M-cell characterization studies (44). | result | RESULTS | 123e3bdc3c66d58e8b1a7fa8c5f5f859ec63245c | 99d200cb223f2618f70cbadb78136bf49e8db6f3 |
In our previous study, we found that RAG-mediated nicking and cleavage of oligonucleotide substrates containing cRSSs identified from lymphoid malignancies were either unchanged or slightly reduced in the presence of HMGB1 for most cRSSs tested (including LMO2, TAL1, Hox11, SIL, SCL), except Ttg-1 [24]. | background | Discussion | 190892a4c2e74abb6d14f4974f21c4fe62c8d7e5 | fc91ccc539d1d2b761860549bf58f8f875182c1b |
…(germline mutations) of many of the individual HDACs occurred to be lethal, either during embryonic or very early postnatal development with deleterious effects on distinct tissues or cellular processes recognized as the proximal cause of death (Lagger et al., 2002; Haberland et al., 2009a,b). | background | Introduction | ac98889274074aaffe68806613f94400764cc392 | e79c496d57be7fd821df67996a40c5579ed81450 |
Contour-Induced Multiple Modulatory Effects in V1 and V2 Previous V1 studies have shown that global visual contours within a cluttered background induce two complementary modulatory effects (Chen et al., 2014; Gilad et al., 2013; Yan et al., 2014): enhancing responses of neurons with RFs lying on the contour (referred ... | background | 0599e2ebb2aaf572a04b7ffb63146dd0e942fbf6 | f2aa3b10e03add721416318b5e4ce7f5896d5dc4 | |
…in the time constant of fundamental phase VO2 “off-kinetics” at moderate vs. heavy exercise intensities (Krustrup et al. 2009; Ozyener et al. 2001; rossiter et al. 2002) whereas studies that measured EPOc magnitude and duration to the point at which resting metabolism was restored found that… | background | Discussion | c060480c9dcf608c33ca3ddcfefcbcd450f86493 | 075ef63f22f6d6a69fed14331e3f29f5535714b3 |
Environmental proteomics is beginning to reveal expressed functions within these communities (Ram et al., 2005) and to document functionally important strain variation (Lo et al., 2007; Denef et al., 2009; 2010b). | background | Introduction | eccd15f42cfb14931b12b19ac04e02306ed6a650 | 886815ec30569a7a7214248f4b88aaa1bd43ba32 |
Measurement of central BP appears to offer advantages over brachial BP for risk stratification [4,6] and assessment of therapeutic efficacy [5]. | background | DISCUSSION | 30e507c0ba9bdbed320d311bebe5b875c24ef38e | d7303e7fc223a95be34287f53dca238c43548fac |
Gene expression For quantification of mRNA expression in murine samples, cells/tissues were homogenized in TRIzol (Invitrogen), and RNA was extracted and cDNA was generated and quantified as previously described (91) using a Light Cycler 480 II (Roche). | method | Methods | d0af90fe7c47cc41ed2dfd0e18a79be75abae6aa | b58be1db1b62f58924c59abcbc183fafc6ba38c5 |
Preoperative radiographs were evaluated to determine the Paprosky score (18) and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) score (4) to classify the acetabular defects. | background | Evaluation | 0a4fdad397480c303762b018f7fa12a1fbae17c9 | 13d824e4caf7423ca81f2a379390eac5e753ee4f |
In alternans, Cai and Vm are coupled either positively (large Cai transient prolongs APD of the same beat) or negatively (large Cai transient shortens APD of the same beat) (Kennedy et al., 2017). | background | Results | 57f3ea4b5b6dc86750ca72fc33040b0ca684fb04 | 0073ca1c9f85b23520e8b3c53f146533f6fe68a6 |
The number of functional groups was calculated from the integration ratios of the protons of the functional groups to the protons of the internal standard according to Pan et al. (2006b). | method | 2.5. Analytical methods | fe677d2f86d623b3dfc92f060bd8d0d2a0ea413d | 548992f59f682a83a671e7f288f7aa574580d4a5 |
Compared with the results of Bruyère et al., the results of the present study show similar scores for the WOMAC pain and stiffness subscales. | result | TKA | f17cbc3e145757d64c3028c275c5d5adff923b14 | 128d27ca0af3e57632b075ff6dccd5780ae7a0d1 |
…locations (Benke et al. 1999; Billinton et al. 1999; Bischoff et al. 1999;
Chapter 1 33 _________________________________________________________________________________
Kaupmann et al. 1998b; Liang et al. 2000; Poorkhalkali et al. 2000; Princivalle et al. 2000;
Towers et al. 2000). | background | 1.5 The Mystery of the Sushi Repeats: GABAB(1) Receptor Isoforms | 4dce430c34595c89fc878bd0c47f64f4ef2feb47 | b04f0343c6feff16f8d846c2ca840f5416c2d7fc |
They were performed in different countries (Gambia [24], Iraq [21], UK [25], Lebanon [26], Turkey [27,28,29,34], Iran [30,32,33,35], and UAE [31]) (Table 2). | background | 3.2 Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Maternal Health | 5ba35b32fbd5fadaa10df97b87df75eaa2203923 | fd4e86ba764f50dcefd4d57bb489a7f2c169e137 |
The ratio of mtDNA/NUMTs did not change with development from the base of the stalk to the leaf tip in dark-grown, light-grown, and dark-to-light-transferred seedlings, similar to our findings for maize ptDNA (Zheng et al. 2011). | background | Results | fbdf3e1ec97f278a54b4a06320f1e69f1185874c | 39a2446c1dece36e32c6773cf4e28306f07c8cba |
Metacyclic trypomastigotes were obtained by incubating epimastigotes in triatomine artificial urine (TAU) medium as described previously (21). | method | MATERIALS AND METHODS | 2d9802f510266ef663b697332a86df8266db021b | 7fa7fc93d60c6226c38c21ea53122ec73d642658 |
The results are similar to two European studies that identified both selection and influence as significant in alcohol use similarities among adolescent friends [17,18]. | result | 6 Discussion | 850e88fc76e61c5c01f9c7dbda6bf4dadaf08e61 | c92133f4cfeef1d2dcadb05a57d8513516e364c4 |
which can be viewed as an apparently new property of the q-hyperbinary sequence (with q = z) studied in [1] and [14]. | background | 5 Generating function | 40a95ab9ce6ee25c2b37cebe0c62df81011ad0e8 | 67bc66d6100a0bda2bea19e7eead66513345b58b |
The second system, the emergency department syndromic surveillance system (EDSSS), monitors the daily numbers of attendances in a network of sentinel emergency departments across England [17]. | background | Syndromic surveillance | 80bb5e4eb0944253cf69f6ce29e5b5a81d18ce16 | 7d5e338bf88485ad34fb5e55188e068f4fde1fcd |
ALI risk factors before transfusion: Severity of illness was determined by calculating Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III scores (24) before transfusion. | method | METHODS | f8a78ea9330b5aecbbcfd352fee546c21de09560 | f2e808509437b0474a6c9a258cd06c6f3b42754b |
Two methods (based on Local Binary Patterns), which were previously reported as competitive in automated diagnosis of CD [11] were utilized in addition to state-of-the-art global mid-level image representations which are obtained by pooling local image descriptors. | method | 3. EXPERIMENTS | d94124c52a78b049763668588d979be53ae2bcd0 | d3fd9794743ab31ff490f5de494c200a4757651e |
The level of contamination and the chance of transmission of microorganisms imposed on paper currencies and coins are often associated with the economic status of a country and the levels of community hygiene [4]. | background | 1. Introduction | f8430a75d5ee1a2e361dff4f5e0ca236bc1d5f27 | c29962dd614a98837a40ab03d497b0b3358327ee |
…from government and industry publications suggest that ongoing price reductions were not fully anticipated, even by industry insiders.26 Finally, Gillingham and Tsvetanov (2017) provide support for their assumption of static demand using data on purchases and a consumer survey in the… | background | 3.1 Demand | 2bc41c1556884d73206abcb0f0c3812e4bef205b | d91ae7f9c252cc67980a19231970ee249fcbd92e |
As bigram frequency and memorability have been studied in existing works [23, 31], we focus on phrase sets with different word clarity (see Figure 4 and Figure 5). | background | DISCUSSION | 9501571bc1e436ce1c36d2b62fdb3c8767c93661 | 702757e8d5b16704d1e0a0f2351cf393110603bb |
Data evaluating the effect of resident level on postoperative outcomes are limited and conflicting and have not been previously assessed in a pediatric patient population.(9,13) The purpose of this study was to determine if the postgraduate level of the intraoperatively involved resident correlates with operative outco... | background | Introduction | 33cb20c89f0246ec9db4f0c038ba29e6dc1c76c2 | 7caf30852a3191f350d7acdc2f996d1db81b1b72 |
In addition, [5] and [6] executed the researches about XACML, access control language which can be managed in XML documents. | background | 1. Introduction | f97ac28573a49fda44cceec7f339a5ab6b127f30 | 0407bcf0a4be03f174e304c4e2f930ed33099152 |
These compounds have been shown to have potential as anti-carcinogens and anti-inflammatory agents (Pan et al., 2006b). | background | 3.2. Yield and characterisation of ethanol organosolv lignin (EOL) | fe677d2f86d623b3dfc92f060bd8d0d2a0ea413d | 548992f59f682a83a671e7f288f7aa574580d4a5 |
…different disturbance regime attributes such as duration (Roxburgh et al. 2004), timing (Miller et al.
2012b), spatial and temporal autocorrelation (Elkin and Possingham 2008; Garrison et al. 2012), disturbance type, spatial extent, frequency, and severity (Shea et al. 2004; Miller et al. 2012a). | background | Introduction | 93f26b849a2ec17805a9eca6e1271d86684475ae | cbed6293233f9eb4ac5ca8b9b427889dcdb5dd9d |
Subsequent to IGF binding in colonocyte receptors, a number of actions may be prompted that favor tumor growth such as inhibition of apoptosis, promotion of cell proliferation, and angiogenesis [1, 7]. | background | fbfe2f43a8cc743b21e4177e5d0440849db1724e | 412434187174932788fc14d7d51f88ff45b3c0d8 |
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