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There is evidence that Ang-2 acts as a chemoattractant for regulating monocyte/macrophage infiltration [5, 23], suggesting that treatment with r-Ang-2 may increase macrophage recruitment to remodelling collateral arterioles. | background | Discussion | 63bca65605feacc6f7c2668fb085983613baae78 | f2677b9f2fd74e43615f33d7f3e8c8e882efd95d |
jejuni 81-176, a virulent strain able to produce gastroenteritis in human volunteers and promote commensal colonization of the chick gastrointestinal tract (Black et al., 1988; Hendrixson and DiRita, 2004). | background | Results | cf7aa95754624f61f0f93b18570d3f4d7ef5a653 | f20116e13a37c246a4f4e3d3ff18e4137ea69aaf |
Spectra for water and the O2 dimer are not included in the DOAS fit as previous retrievals found15 their inclusion unnecessary (Boersma et al., 2007; Bucsela et al., 2006). | background | 2 Methods | 5f9e27fd212e0eac30dd8b2e9a53d422f5ca0bd4 | 9e4ab179a114ed860aebd5ee4699406aa7088069 |
Embedding are 300- dimensional, the size of all hidden layers is 100 and for training we use ADADELTA (Zeiler, 2012) with a batch size of 20. | method | 3 Experiments | 2b08b12e4c4765a51098ea943cb0786b76968049 | 8729441d734782c3ed532a7d2d9611b438c0a09a |
Data analysis followed the WHO’s recommendations[14,15] in addition to the norms manual for severe psychiatric disorders. | method | Methods | 1f1d7ee4296f3b921cb55481f27e00a7d37d6c54 | dd647d3f2ba04cb7c2671f37b4648b14c3248077 |
Lavergne et al. (2014) developed a two-step method for the enumeration of heterotrophic prokaryotes in coastal sediments by flow cytometry that enables high frequency analyses of 30 samples in less than 4 hours. | method | Methods | b14381e28787872c94bf104c4b9d7ce85cece3af | 2dda1fbabe86aba44d69f94397ee2d3f353a35a6 |
Based on the results of Pascalis and colleagues (Pascalis et al., 2002; Pascalis et al., 2005), it was predicted that 12-month-olds would fail to reliably discriminate the face of familiarization and a novel face of another unfamiliar Barbary macaque. | result | 6f68ccd37718366c40ae6aeedf0b935bf560b215 | 60ed4bdabf92b2fbd6162dbd8979888cccca55d7 | |
Participants were monitored for deaths and hospital admissions using the Western Australian Data Linkage System.9
For the present study, we excluded men with missing information on key variables (n=54); those with extreme SBP values (<80 or >250 mm Hg; n=6); those with a history of heart disease (n=3419) or stroke (n=... | method | Methods | 4fabc83c0c87c5c5fa2bacb9aa8f9308c15614aa | d73b8e247c9fa3502bd3e27d3228549b2ad54dfd |
…the invasive pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes, induces the mono-ubiquitination of receptors – hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) (Veiga and Cossart, 2005) and E-cadherin and triggers the recruitment of clathrin and caveolin-1 to entry foci (Bonazzi and Cossart, 2006; Veiga et al., 2007). | background | Discussion | a89979ef0ef381c7b97cedc145fc0624d824cc1f | f986e697ab036562fa61ab501ab4c2a64ddc6494 |
If not, a dysfunction in the cerebral processing of oscillatory visual stimuli is very likely, which is assumed to lead to the observed deficits in HE-patients (Timmermann et al., 2008). | background | 4.1. CFF, FUF and clinical parameters | 062ab02c421a101c2f4ce8b57e03efbcad9e65cf | 31d31b65fa7b01ce90080264e7d1472af469355d |
Comorbidity was quantified by adding the scores assigned to specific diagnoses in the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) [14]. | method | Methods | 41d93644ed1e71686c80f525cb650d69cd18216a | 6fcb5211674fef6639a43797ab7a39cd5754a42a |
are the most widely studied as sources of insecticidal and/or repellent oils and are also the ones most commonly found in commercial formulations for this purpose [18,19]. | background | 2. Results and Discussion | 806947e63d13aa0f5581751abfc5d465fa45e6a2 | 416452593871de7d0ebbd77cf66c9cf94e2da6f7 |
The second issue concerns education productivity estimation literature that uses international test data for high school students (e.g., Heyneman and Loxley (1983), Hanushek and Luke (2001)). | background | 1 Introduction | bfe1862be48ec00fed3765f03719e6fcb6fdb7cd | ff1acf0d62f31b52b76bfd3f7e218a7c9fa4b4bc |
If the purified proteins are used for mass spectrometric analyses, elution from streptavidin beads is not required because trypsin digestion can be performed efficiently on bead-bound proteins and the released peptides can be analysed by mass spectrometry (Guerrero et al., 2005; Kho et al., 2004; Rybak et al., 2005; Ta... | background | Results and discussion | 4b4fe13852c229370fd62cd62cb3c93d1efdd2f9 | 9b120571cd65753cd66c02f6cc27590541c6797a |
Each node joins a cluster and the cluster elects a leader in a multihop, distributed manner [15]. | background | 4 Implementation | 816c1eb46e950c8b7f084665d708af21f703e9f2 | 48adc076d7c2c5a74323f8dd61ffa32be706d982 |
neoformans cells vary in size, from cells less than 3 μm in cell body diameter to cells more than 100 μm in diameter (Feldmesser et al., 2001; Okagaki et al., 2010; Zaragoza et al., 2010; Alanio et al., 2015). | background | Results | cf627c9411e3bf3e67f23df5d5741ed48490a152 | 3d2c9ed378b475d7b8c2497ee35c17cb4397c3b4 |
Overall Leptospira infection prevalence reported in black rats tested by PCR ranged from 11 0% to 65 8% (n = 6; number of animals: median = 79, range = 33–141) [85, 86, 92, 103, 118, 124]. | background | Results | e10519e195451e84f58f81847b94c92f28b3450a | 61440752d493b8fe39c0b2d6022dfbd31bd42c8f |
In using the report to categorize a participant’s attentional state in the 10–15 s immediately prior to the report, this methodology has been used to demonstrate reliable and replicable differences in neurocognitive functioning between on-task and mind wandering states (e.g., Christoff et al. 2009; Franklin et al. 2011... | method | Methods | 3395ec800f81af7f7fe77c228c92efcc63d255a7 | bc4aa427890c2f4ce4b7acf3f955aa7f137e3e3f |
Mutations in the dally locus encoding the Drosophila homolog of a human glycoprotein have been shown to result in numerous developmental defects, some of which are associated with alterations in dpp signaling (Haerry et al. 1997). | background | Discussion | 7a9bf55cf151a07a0ca8237e765ba0d1412c73ee | e232a3393e6366652d41b8619b6ffd7b240194e3 |
It was also observed that CP treatment increased BUN and creatinine levels (Sadzuka et al., 1992; Mansour et al., 2002). | background | Discussion and conclusions | 952660f4a305ebc8bc46ea23dd1ea41464d6681f | 6b1223f442606ef04c8c04b36f1cdc0efb14c560 |
, 2009) but also induces genes involved in synapse formation andmuscle atrophy (Cohen et al., 2007; Moresi et al., 2010; Tang et al., 2009). | background | fc2fa61db68563e26daafe962633ab2b7e8e8b3d | 18dba91edf38fe354fd3a1123737185c841be419 | |
Our results agree with previous
19
reports showing that a single exposure to dexamethasone rapidly stimulated Sgk1 mRNA in cell cultures (Wang et al., 2007) and that a single injection of DEX in vivo resulted in increased Fkbp5 mRNA in mice (Scharf et al., 2011). | result | DISCUSSION | 440cd84e5d0b7f825bb7c37f0bf5d08ae74b05ab | aaa755ce1aede91735d14134e213374a11df5ee7 |
Catecholamines, and particularly DA, are believed to increase the efficiency of cortical processing by augmenting the signal to noise (S:N) ratio, or the gain within cortical networks [4,37–39]. | background | Discussion | 6459465b9f73140cfbd1d89f48a1c0795f40b2fa | a6ce5b9263ec014fcbf4d9e7c5e6f15900352f7a |
We recently described the promoter of the mouse and human SCN8A genes, which contain a cluster of four mutually exclusive 50 noncoding exons, exon 1a to 1d, each of which is spliced directly to the first coding exon (Drews et al. 2005). | background | Present Address: | 2417526934446d81023af49f27bb7f52044bcb78 | 73f36294b5992a53e4f075e384fe30a13c629bb4 |
High GPx levels we obtained in group 4 (selenium-supplemented swimming) may seem as an expected result, and are in harmony with the results of the researchers cited above [8, 29, 33]. | result | Discussion | c1ccb344983c0484c753fd079262fe1951203fcf | 650a503a8009738f43bd972cca8e956fa080f76d |
…for ptDNA may be complicated by the presence of NUPTs (nuclear sequences of plastid origin) (Roark et al. 2010; Kumar and Bendich 2011; Zheng et al. 2011), and the same difficulty may be faced in measuring mtDNA due to NUMTs (nuclear sequences of mitochondrial origin) (Timmis et al.… | background | Introduction | fbdf3e1ec97f278a54b4a06320f1e69f1185874c | 39a2446c1dece36e32c6773cf4e28306f07c8cba |
Of the beneficial actions of garlic, such as antitumorigenesis, antiatherosclerosis, blood sugar modulation and antibiosis, inhibition of the growth of cancer is perhaps the most notable (5). | background | Introduction | 1c39273dddad8328bc586d599822eec119721447 | adc8f723dc92be644828eb9c943ba36d955b17a9 |
This hypothesis was based on the evidence in the literature for significantly worse performance of adult CI users compared with adults with NH in the perception of pitch, timbre, and in the recognition of familiar melodies, as measured with music perception tests (Brockmeier et al., 2011; Kang et al., 2009; Looi, McDer... | method | Methods | e80f758323a97a2b6b0c1c9d0203b2e161f88de6 | ffbb6ac7171918f60f765dcd5aed10bac9d01a0d |
These estimates can be used in transmission models to assess the potential effect of the intervention on a community level (Longini et al., 2004, 2005). | background | 5. Discussion | 0d2ec8e620a344214571d1bf5060d104bb3213e5 | 7d9b53587346bfaeabdd5450dc2e6dbdccb2f644 |
…consistent with such a mechanism is supplied by the SSA studies performed in subcortical regions where the responses of adapting units are phasic, being typically restricted to the first 50 ms of the tone or less (Anderson et al., 2009; Malmierca et al., 2009; Pérez-González et al., 2005). | background | 7 Discussion | ff9e9a626ab907f0821a6949edf1dec1c2a0a8a0 | ab521feed89a9397e278fe1cb66cb7f19e3e2704 |
Both the OS7 and OS8 lignin yields were approximately 65%, which was close to the lignin yields previously observed by Pan et al. (2006a) who employed higher temperatures and higher loadings of H2SO4 during the organosolv pretreatment. | result | 3.2. Yield and characterisation of ethanol organosolv lignin (EOL) | fe677d2f86d623b3dfc92f060bd8d0d2a0ea413d | 548992f59f682a83a671e7f288f7aa574580d4a5 |
Nucleotide sequences in databases indicate that some genes in soil bacteria genomes were originated from integration of plant genetic material (Doolittle et al., 1990; Smith et al., 1992; Wakabayashi et al., 1986). | method | 1.3 Horizontal gene transfer in the rhizosphere | a893cb126f2540ae4776fd82f928499abc9b83a4 | 9b9f819041cb5f7400c99fbc3f709becb7e33119 |
They are scale-free, i.e., there are many nodes with few neighbors and few nodes with many neighbors, which are called hubs (Barabási et al 2011; Pavlopoulos
Communicated by: Ron AWevers
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10545-018-0140-0)… | background | Introduction | f3ee10d77b2902a5856ec3854fd946fd75f4316c | 3d188c6936ad6dd478e01f2dd34bb2167f43e7d7 |
that idic Y is formed by homologous crossing-over between opposing arms on sister chromatids [13]. | background | Introduction | aafd435e59c93dfe3187e226919037754d3687eb | 3cf593433acf4c10c84a4f98ac964200b52d6e66 |
and psychosocial adjustment from treatment including bother from side effects [4]. | background | Introduction | 26caa74811a36e97415995dba746c0cccef312d4 | 7f7ab483f72fbe586b4dec3bd0485a2046fc09ed |
To date, a handful of factors derived from testicular somatic cells, such as Sertoli cells, peritubular myoid cells, and Leydig cells, have been demonstrated to influence SSC renewal, in particular glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), colony stimulating factor 1, and Wn... | background | Introduction | 11452d7d54ccb0a38251b21baf988d2cef80de18 | df07e27533ed02351a090850f93259b5ba6df76e |
As expected a small number of protein bands (about a dozen) are shown in comparison to the whole proteome [19], however, when evaluated, only five proteins were detected capable of binding sub-fraction #5. | background | Results | 53c37fa1b83086f1b8020c2b270f84ec98ac7401 | bbe893200f8dae229d9abac57e176ff53d1e432c |
We present an implementation of Yager’s [32, 33] idea, mainly using Kacprzyk and Yager’s [7], and Kacprzyk, Yager and Zadro ny's [8, 9] extensions. | method | 1. Introduction | c9411482609c16153ee6642525cbe322036f323d | c7c7eb67ff0527cfac32ced00dcf7df09efe8b39 |
Some studies specifically acknowledge active learning (Mason et al., 2013; McLaughlin et al., 2014), and one study also names blended learning (Strayer, 2012). | background | Results | d79a9cc876798786762088cdacd3978d9beb24d9 | 12a23d19543e73b5808b35f1ff2d00faba633bb6 |
DNA extraction in activated sludge is often carried out by the FastDNA Spin Kit for Soil [10,12,48]. | method | Discussion | 7f3e7900477889ebd26d9334e9bc13613ca7169b | 1250a9f81adb7b5eb87a1564599165b546155fdb |
For example, enumeration of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has been shown to be a reliable prognostic marker for a number of cancers, including colorectal cancer and non–small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) [3, 21, 23, 24, 28]. | background | Background | dbda2b32dd5eb3e63c96243d0a81c7d9248bf2b9 | a6574ccbb62b943a2f199be5a196161a5d345610 |
Various theoretical accounts of this effect have been provided in the literature (see MacLeod, 1991; Aron, 2007, for reviews), but the most classical one invokes solving a conflict between the reading and naming response tendencies (Cohen et al., 1990). | background | 1. Introduction | 2764f3cc6d572383b5bfdb07c3fa9e7f57d6e05d | 217c2da9f9e77834acad4e1dbde9c8ed49a193a1 |
The genetic map was obtained from the Rutger’s published map [2], and the PPL was computed using KELVIN. | method | Methods | fa39a6766e5058aafa2bce47722654480a9d37f4 | 257a64f455fa56ae39708feb4be6c36369ff1420 |
This result is in agreement with the findings that mouse embryos homozygous for a null goosecoid allele do not have gastrulation or neural induction defects (Yamada et al., 1995; Rivera-Perez et al., 1995) and chick embryos can develop normally even when manipulated so that their organizer does not express goosecoid(Ps... | result | DISCUSSION | 2f132a53e003efd3dd971a01751ab8cf0942ea06 | 0cbebb5eeba24d805aa844a463904f8d8edea15b |
The anatomic site of involvement was determined by the system reported by Knowles et al..[18] We specified lachrymal gland origin when the gland structure could be clearly recognized in the histopathological specimens. | method | Clinical features | 21935d83a460699f08d1e28cc60a6dc5e138f6ad | 07ab9b96e85ec7ce3e0aa08d907b587cc8780db0 |
A comparison between the findings of Krajcarski et al. (1999) and the rested values in the present study revealed similar effects of pre- load and added load on peak trunk flexion and extensor moments. The EMG activity of the trunk extensor muscles (TES and LES) had similar responses to the loading conditions, although... | result | Results & Discussion | 551c30c8c3ffd11bb00ffef7d89fa3bec52a1102 | f25f4beb189c66b5d0e805ab5a667765137f1787 |
Other than the transfer sometime after 50,000 years ago of the Yamuna River from the Indus to the Ganges (Clift et al. 2012), the timing of specific capture events cannot be reconstructed from the terrestrial evidence alone and in many cases remains unclear or imprecise (Clift and Blusztajn 2005). | background | Discussion | 67fd3bb71d0f1a06e61fa0ba6615b0397867fbc3 | 85b04d25eac459fab2870ae995d01b09a6d65e1e |
Assessment for ALT in mouse GBM Previous characterization of human GBM has shown an association between mutations of ATRX and the maintenance of telomere length by ALT, or nontelomerase-based, pathways (1, 8). | background | 23d24382c737a9c5c33681a1dbc405205eb081c6 | 2041cf896a34f537bbb1bb017a602944ea503840 | |
Similar results were previously reported (Blume et al.2000; Grant and Loake 2000a, b; Grant et al. 2000). | result | Discussion | f391592bfe5d248ae77683708867b9380493d014 | 9f7cdf427fa872c3da5e14baddc4e212a0c0f8fe |
As a consequence, by their activities, earthworms could therefore modify metal speciation, mobility (Sizmur and Hodson, 2009) and bioavailability (Capowiez et al., 2011; Wen et al., 2006). | background | 1. Introduction | 5f7d5544d71f448f339eb08853a19b4c7858d3d2 | f618979a9717b173097564380755f0836495367b |
…1–13, December 1, 2015 ª2015 Elsevier Inc. 1
2 Cell Metabolism 22, 1–13, December 1, 2015 ª2015 Elsevier Inc.
(Urakawa et al., 2006), the pro-hypertrophic effects of FGF23 on cardiac myocytes were blocked by pharmacologic inhibition of phospholipase Cg (PLCg) and calcineurin (Faul et al., 2011). | background | INTRODUCTION | 901077d4ad9080b04cc178eea5c459a75ca79bdd | 4e3427bd6cc0dd0290be6c146b46bda6ad05403f |
While in our case we were worried about the compatibility of the most simple updating rules of the regularization parameter with the preservation of optimal complexity results, in [16] the main concern was the determination of regularizing parameters that optimize the accuracy of the quadratic model. | method | 8 Final remarks | 3f9329351c516e7547a1f0680d1b6153b0cfd9a1 | 7a5a34fc4b4d812b86e96f218f408b4b555f656a |
In addition, pairwise linkage disequilibrium coefficients were calculated and expressed as the D9 5 D/Dmax or D/Dmin, according to Thompson et al. (1988). | method | Methods | 17e8dd52471f7a783b936c816e9ef09fdd0ff680 | 128dee6fd8ccac1f2f823836c895c8a137171f6c |
These results also contradict previous studies that suggest low Fe levels contribute to ADHD symptoms [60,61]; instead supporting opposing studies that indicate Fe deficiency does not contribute to ADHD [62]. | result | 4. Discussion | 8e6dc1d87f4904b6e76e8f92ac35d7c09aa7a72d | d626eba2ebe368fd7394b68cda8e05cc7cbb873b |
, one-bit noise [13] flips a random bit of a binary solution before evaluation with probability p. | background | 1 Introduction | 440c73adbdbf8caed0bb6c34e7487c7617939907 | 493093d26a0ef150b28ec15309c91d5c5cf19b60 |
Anticancer activities of antioxidants are investigated thoroughly revealing the most common mechanism of action as the fenton reaction in which antioxidants at higher concentrations act as oxidants to induce apoptotic cell death in cancer cells (Matés and Sánchez-Jiménez 2000). | background | Introduction | b4579f102e11e42213c9d6255a83b95106f933e6 | 854c95b8ec92659f66945664859db55f1c8b566c |
Several edge-preserving filters (Hsieh 1998, Kachelriess et al 2001, Zhong et al 2004) have been proposed to reduce noise in CT images based on local characteristics of the projection data elements. | background | 1. Introduction | f2ebeb23471b1039c9504fd2339a4ff6ebe51be9 | c7b127f6b2eeb03137121b073490d7f26452acdf |
Following precipitation with 0.3MNaAc and 2× volume of ethanol, the RNA was treated with DNAseI (Sigma) and quantified in a NanoDrop 1000 Spectrophotometer. | method | Methods | 36ceef2b34333ba5a456a98c702e1ded1416b022 | f57614c52ad76dcabc48974e9613520a6fbb6627 |
Cultural and socioeconomic factors when taken into consideration might also have an impact of the patient-treatment interaction and subsequently the overall response to therapy [10]. | background | Introduction | c3f25a5e5560c756d8b2cb8e3b8582130368f3db | ee92548cf92cba53f05e9a8603a85ea11579ceb4 |
(1996, p. 499) Kitzinger (1994, 1995) argues that interaction is the crucial feature of focus groups because the interaction between participants highlights their view of the world, the language they use about an issue and their values and beliefs about a situation. | background | Methodology | f4182ee279098809a89664971e562ae7ea604fb6 | f338f085f1c7ee9af80766cdd902cdab177ec551 |
br A recent work (Bhuiyan et al., 2004) in the SCNT bovine field demonstrated that transfected ear fibroblasts were less able to develop to the blastocyst stage than their non-transfected counterpart, regardless of passage number (early or late). More likely, discrepancies among results reported up to now are due to di... | result | 39aca52b748a1e8969413295fc736ea90fd930ea | b7c9b2632ffbcef4a35a6bf0c85686d9f11c1532 | |
DGS composition was determined by the method described by Kim et al. (2008a). | method | 2.3. Analytical techniques | 72db776932b5aa4889eb68f84ac5cdc1138429a2 | 7fc86bb2e1efa0eae319ba9aa25698edfcf16328 |
It appears that the initial stimulation of growth by elevated CO2 allows forests to more quickly reach the point in stand development where environmental factors (light, water, nutrients, and so on) limit canopy production, but eventually, trees growing under ambient conditions reach a similar set of limitations to gro... | background | Changes in CO2 and O3 Effects Through Time | 2ab057d0cdf27726b44454e4a35184a46bb1215a | 95d818f089f256ffdfabbcb1157a3701ab1bd15e |
We observe this effect in [23]; during training, their method can result in some members of the ensemble failing to receive any training signal. | background | 1. Introduction | c4b477f669c1e58394ebf4915f7eb59c770b0fcb | 7c989cda97694cd13d10b92ff1813362e2750197 |
Biobran/MGN-3 also enhances NK activity in animals, including aged mice (25) and animal bearing tumor (17,26). | background | Discussion | 02ecf5cd0abdbac10a47e708442c9f5a35b4b899 | 365f9f2fb5414e317392cd04414f61382c9aa1ab |
Furthermore, Fan et al. (2009) also advocate using model-based choices of d, favoring smaller values in models where the response provides less information. | method | 3.4. Implementation details | 673477572109d3333ed6d74c7e141f2b11f46021 | 0041790c261ceaf632469edf6bf2852828db8019 |
…control that can limit the opportunity for individuals to engage in illegal or harmful behavior; and mediate stressors that, in turn, may lead to the adoption of unhealthy coping mechanisms (Kawachi & Berkman, 2003; Link & Phelan, 1995; Sampson, 2003; Sampson, Morenoff, & Gannon-Rowley, 2002). | background | Background | b3460d8f33bd8b2537a68140b4ad71e84aba1322 | 91587f248d8fc8b1ec8735f45900b4712f89e1ad |
To confirm the presence of metastases, sections were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) as previously described (5). | method | Orthotopic xenograft transplantation | 33faf9c0b0ea2292ec82800186ca82e54b087ecf | 3c5f1e4b17a53cc4636cb9994b1c12fa0a409a47 |
Repression of proangiogenic and metastatic factors (VEGF, bFGF, MMP2, and MMP9) was also detected in VBL-treated cancer cells (6). | background | Background | 269c689514424b629cf458bba5beecb86fe13a0a | 13cf43534912c45fb64671c01fa89598b9eef501 |
Large scale climatic conditions have been shown to affect avian productivity in general (Nott et al. 2002). | background | Methods | 8de8d7e91264d52156de7210e94fbf7181a50c89 | 5790c2d40fbc8f6f9912f151d5998a7792bebefa |
Experimental as well as numerical methods were used to analyse the scenario of an RF exposed Petri dish (35 mm diameter) within a waveguide-based exposure setup at 1800 MHz (sXc-1800, Schuderer et al 2004b). | method | 4.2. Methods | 3e9a38c5c28f3ab7b3a99d81b202d5e5c4bd59b1 | fb3c9c68555a0244f297a558da02aca2c1ded910 |
reported a better average motion ratio, but the signals also had substantially better SNR (25). | background | 5 7 8.8 6 0.9 14.0 6 2.5 0.22 6 0.01 0.13 6 0.01 0.69 6 0.02 | e8b28ea410efa058d78aa219498e4b417228cf71 | e4ba0683cccd1a5c2c8200b48cf76a5fb96af984 |
…et al., 2005) and the proposed impairment in the processing of visual oscillatory (flicker-) stimuli in HE patients (Kircheis et al., 2002; Timmermann et
al., 2008), the aim of the present study was to follow-up on these findings and characterize alterations in the behavioral CFF,… | background | 1. Introduction | 062ab02c421a101c2f4ce8b57e03efbcad9e65cf | 31d31b65fa7b01ce90080264e7d1472af469355d |
Three papers included in our review reported treatment contrasts and their 95% confidence intervals on two scales [12-14] – most likely assuming that both analyses have the same power. | background | 5 Discussion | 0941a74a7c1f6f4621e4ce7511d7d5cf75b94cbe | 261b64d63a1da47164bafd900bd743a5a385cd9e |
BDNF has been shown to interact with several neurotrans-
mitter systems, including the DA (Spenger et al., 1995), serotonin (5-HT) (Lyons et al., 1999; Rumajogee et al., 2002), and NPY systems (Barnea and Roberts, 2001; Nawa et al., 1993, 1994). | background | DISCUSSION | fcbade2dbed7b1ce4aa15285a89028773e20889c | a3b7aec5548fa4aa010b72231659fcf0e57c6087 |
Comparison of testes size in lemurs and the sister taxon, the lorises, however, revealed no grade shift between the two groups of strepsirrhines in a previous study (Kappeler 1997a), making this explanation unlikely. | background | Discussion | 6c0d40cfabb567805bef3f50b7af4549e66019fd | 98cc989e358d6ff824272048e1030fda47e6e544 |
It uses a CFD code, LeMANS [20,21], for the continuum regions, while using the DSMC code, MONACO [22], to simulate the rarefied regions. | method | 24bdaf850afc1e4b269817f5b2278f62614b6847 | c1425c2ee0fb186340eda49596c912feabb5a7f6 | |
2D and (Klingner et al., 2010; Shmuel et al., 2002)), led us to investigate the contribution of local and global intrinsic vascular signals to BOLD response variabilitymeasured from the bilateral sensory network across all experiments. | background | Discussion | 45701ff05d3ed583a658f18aa998944c1d4eee7a | f89d87e5f4d58e9bb7d576ec6ae34a84240b9c5e |
The impairment of mPFC in BD may be due, in part, to the symptoms of prominent cognitive and behavioral problems, including difficulties in making appropriate decisions (Minassian et al. 2004; Van der Gucht et al. 2009), which accompanied with bipolar mania. | background | Discussion | 9d75017507b90203540d5499b582fe8e99e4e8a3 | df5a1a3c55faca49c3c2aef9559d7af5af1c7f78 |
For the implementation we worked with the existing German ParGram grammar (Dipper, 2003), which already contained a syntactic treatment of German discourse particles.7 The German grammar also already contained a basic semantic AKR component (Bobrow et al., 2007). | method | 4 Implementation | 2c4d2c4b098167449bc3d5969df2398fa52e615f | 350dc71507f86dc3214adf42671682dac6b69c68 |
Accumulating studies elucidated that intraocular angiogenic diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity were also mediated at least in part through VEGF activity [1, 16]. | background | Discussion | 19beb2b7c7bd42d46ecfcf4540da8bc6ada31268 | 16b46bb254f923e0c31d326efb821504fd4474f8 |
Daptomycin is two- to fourfold more active in cationadjusted Mueller-Hinton broth containing 50 g of Ca(2) /ml than in medium containing 20 to 25 g of Ca(2) /ml, the concentration of Ca(2) presently recommended by the NCCLS (11). | background | 37f87861e394d01fd00aa3c3bfa5ec7a0535639f | f2f4665d00807c2dca6c852893d3db0ebf13edb0 | |
Indeed, peripherally injected BC264 induced a hyperlocomotor activity in rats by increasing the extracellular levels of dopamine (Ladurelle et al. 1997) and of Met-enkephalin-like immunoreactivity in the anterior nucleus accumbens. | background | 300 13±1 179.7±6.6 27.9±3.7 23.1±4.1 | a59f7c6100b3d98f954df6818f8db75bbd0f7190 | 4f2995a132469538424300d92e3eeb65aa7ac497 |
Recent studies have shown that adipophilin is correlated with the activated inflammatory state of monocytes in subjects with a low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [22] and skin irritant cytotoxicity [23]. | background | 96bb588e48da8c6f7202f51be968b481b5b94c38 | 3bf30efa9a5fd3087df06b7059fd9686208eb79f | |
—The NWR from the right lower limb was investigated according to a validated method.(21) Before formal measurements were started, the subjects underwent training to familiarize them with the pain threshold assessment procedure. | method | METHODS | 025785d4d489d6e3227dd1de4df0a79be2155c8c | 0796ab7e8ddc4f2c1893d7be12d36fddbafc941f |
Descriptive statistics are presented as means and SD or percentages. t-Tests and chi-square tests were performed to assess sex differences for PA, sedentary time, physical fitness components (BMI, push-ups, curl-ups, and sit and reach), and the overall physical fitness score. | method | METHODS | 1e06d3dd65fbb17d26afbf3768940a8fd9b773c2 | fc89586edd971b0ed577bf7308048ea31f5dda42 |
…were reviewed by an independent radiologist regarding the degree of coronoid involvement (inclusion/ exclusion), the degree of osteoarthritis according to Broberg and Morrey (1986), and signs of prosthetic loosening according to the method developed by Popovic et al. (2007) for the proximal radius. | method | Patients and methods | 333c515d1e5dee428e9ccc224b704311de72f46b | e804969e7601b199aaedcd9a4292078fc102f06b |
In addition, bone marrow transplant retinopathy can mimic radiation retinopathy, and it is not possible to distinguish the 2 retinopathies unless affected patients have a history of exposure to one (eg, radiation) and not the other (eg, bone marrow transplantation); the same predicament occurs with the coexistence of d... | background | DISCUSSION | 9625e4038610d5a9562c4c3a9ad89900f64d6495 | bc5c799ef366d4a10958ce745a1ded3bc6767cd9 |
Interestingly, the entry of non-zippering pathogens, Salmonella typhimurium and Shigella flexneri, was found to be independent of clathrin (Bonazzi and Cossart, 2006), suggesting that pathogens have evolved alternate strategies to gain access to the intracellular environment. | background | Discussion | a89979ef0ef381c7b97cedc145fc0624d824cc1f | f986e697ab036562fa61ab501ab4c2a64ddc6494 |
This con®rms our and other's recent ®ndings in the rat (Porcella et al., 1998) and human (Straiker et al., 1999; Porcella et al. 2000) ciliary bodies of signi®cantly detectable levels of CB1 transcripts and proteins. | background | Discussion | 6bd3d6b81899b05097be5fca2d8cd2766569b836 | cd5fd50d44267650aa5a113f044ee333a58c7abb |
The resected specimens were classified as either low-grade mucinous carcinoma peritonei or high-grade mucinous carcinoma peritonei on pathologic evaluation by experienced peritoneal malignancy pathologist.(8) Postoperative complications were classified according to the Clavien– Dindo classification. | method | METHODS | 6df6586546d3087381f55d7d811b0ac72f35f8f0 | 593c28a7e0de7862c62b9dc91c2b324546e12559 |
UMAC [9, 27] was introduced by Black, Halevi, Krawczyk, Krovetz and Rogaway in 1999. | background | 3.1 Weak keys | 2eec346855c0625fd3620764b17b4ab97d497e0e | 07351e5ea88076a42633db3e47cc241cb084dd59 |
The most common prebiotics used in humans are fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) of different polymerization degrees (Guerreiro et al., 2016), either obtained from vegetables by hydrolysis or enzymatically synthesized (Flores-Maltos et al., 2014). | method | 1. Introduction | d11fbdaa39faca1ed36c6a3075524296785bade3 | af718a68ad6106db7cf55bd3b867bafc17636fa2 |
Along with proteins of the Bcl-2 family, other mitochondrial proteins are known to play a key role in mammalian cell apoptosis (Kroemer and Reed, 2000; Wang and Zhang, 2001, reviewed in Bayir and Kagan, 2008; Ola et al., 2011). | background | 1. Introduction | 34a16c15becd292020316838538eadb6ed60b57f | f90ef8aaba9ebdcd58c125b48a1e9d7e28681a9f |
These results reinforce literature data (Dantas et al., 1999; Ibusuki and Minamishima, 1990) demonstrating the ability of CV to increase NK cells activity. | result | 4. Discussion | cb9ad487daf41b9b17888877f105b3c3608374c8 | 87b87427fcc090232f1a0a3d3eca6205b5d2e1cf |
Generally, plasma homocysteine levels increase with age and are higher in males than in females (Gonzalez-Gross et al. 2012). | background | Introduction | 1d8ebdd46a8590ac13d9314512c9606642d266a5 | 4404081b31097a28f6f6e83290d1d5a5f27b0a60 |
…(HPMC) (Kushida and Gotoda, 2013; Miyazaki et al., 2011) or enteric polymers such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) (Miyazaki et al., 2011) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) (Friesen et al., 2008; Tanno et al., 2004) have demonstrated use… | background | 1. Introduction | d8a0715ca3e004b4e92f4ebf02ef39c45106ec50 | 15d47a35e929ec108f47d8dcfd07b2de0c064b10 |
More recently, discrete-return lidar has been applied to several broad-leaved forests in North America (Popescu et al. 2003, 2004; Lim et al. 2003a; Lim and Treitz 2004). | background | Introduction | 1e26acd902176460b9ec370f93dcc595be2c86ff | 0d3f305ae6f641f65bceff2097381d4af31df9ec |
Mammalian Derlin-1 participates in the retrotranslocation of major histocompatibility complex class I protein [21,22], and Derlin-2 and Derlin3, two other human paralogs, have been implicated in ERAD [23]. | background | Introduction | c1e8d6f81188cd22f16972e3afb8cb051e9a4182 | 07a04ec4a979acbf67ef9b08fe4b4bc8098232b8 |
Isolation of Full-Length ACIF1 Clones
The 131-bp cDNA-AFLP fragment for ACRE189 was used as probe to screen a cDNA library established from elicited tobacco cells (Durrant et al., 2000). | method | METHODS | 4954440c74c874142620c6d34169755e0493ed28 | cb980ff032478f1f344ae0496f239ca1089f3929 |
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