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A “fixed but rotating” scapular model is obviously an oversimplification since the scapula may translate due to the sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints (van der Helm, 1994). | background | Discussion | d09e4aa8ed3c7630f82462b6d68af2ab1153260d | b7adfb216dccec1ecbd92f4992133433834a7b23 |
Progress in finding a treatment for tinnitus has been hampered by the fact that tinnitus represents a highly heterogeneous condition (Schecklmann et al., 2012a, 2013). | background | Discussion | 5184c79102c2d4170f4dc55cfbc13781740c63a3 | ccd5de644a7722afe300b0c6c1355a196946ce0f |
SMCIs have fast kinetics (on rate: 10(8) M 1 s (1), off rate: 100–370 s 1 (28, 29)), low pH and Mg sensitivity (28), relatively high dynamic range (FhighCa/F0Ca 1⁄4 6–40), and two-photon excitation cross sections in the range of 2–12 GM (30, 31). | background | 318ff0c00e6899a66ee4a4d969e0d72500e16a3e | 41129a35ce2f54686e6a9c697a4ab9d6b0312150 | |
Open plating of the medial aspect of the distal tibia caused a statistically significant greater disruption of the extraosseous blood supply of the metaphyseal region than percutaneously applied plates [1, 7]. | background | Introduction | 38a74e8978b416b3372b109ed36cd28d16c226ba | 75d936e0355b0224718ee4cb8bb18a7492bdbc43 |
The previous section showed that the [5] method yields the lowest MAPE among other methods no matter what training data were used; one year or two years. | method | B. Comparison of Different Training Data Periods | 3574f9f77adaebe18c1760391b24f7aaaee989b7 | 1e8a03c8202aa081c8c02a50209750c5025b21eb |
Our result is consistent with those of two similar kinds of studies done in other regions of Ethiopia [15,16]. | result | Discussion | b76ee6ff37c90204576800de1dd253b3a271dfd4 | None |
During one study visit, patients were interviewed, examined clinically and assessed with FRDA rating scale (FARS) [7], including staging of global functioning, questions on
Ygland et al: Friedreich ataxia p.R165P point mutation 4
activities of daily living (ADL), neurological examination as well as the 9-hole peg test ... | method | 2. Methods | f8ec782f32f3a2db304c1bbd5103ec4448cb5d0e | c6fd678d0c1638ecc35ae1b54833d342cc68e8e1 |
This strain shows accelerated age-related hearing loss (Henry and Chole, 1980; Hunter and Willott, 1987; Mikaelian, 1979; Spongr et al., 1997; Willott, 1986). This can begin as early as 2 months of age, although audiometric evidence of hearing loss appears w3 months. Taberner and Liberman (2005) compared auditory nerve... | background | 2. Methods | 238608d352dda1f8caa60aa6df4370f13023a6fd | 80dacd865f89fbf22d9b1b054d6adadabac50d36 |
We had initially also used the Chalmers scale [17,18] but abandoned it when the reliability between data abstractors was very poor. | method | Methods | 0d6450b1c2d76cad5e6bedbe3c860a99147b9062 | 91ef14f48e5796aa3d4109888c539654b0c0c3ac |
Details of the device characteristics, function and the approach to surgical implantation have been described elsewhere.(7) Patients on pulsatile-flow | method | Methods | b5f7e1f17fcd8251a9cf815391b33cb3ad551f92 | d2899fd84fcefd04c031eeba5877c2518dde82f1 |
Constitutive heterochromatin (CH) was detected using barium hydroxide (Sumner 1972) and the NORs were detected using silver nitrate staining (Howell and Black 1980). | method | Methods | 89c0b00a1ffb281eaa3ba531d6481a68c6593750 | 44407a6ae3297c9b6c27d0b88c973e7cda34096d |
Recently, Lie and Alsop (2009) found that punishers had parallel but opposite effects to reinforcers using a signal-detection task with human participants. | background | 0e6ddb7d089493b2deba4ce844d50b54e2b023d4 | 66cb6767c5ae25fa1177b12774cd506b8e9699ad | |
The author’s rebuttal to the delusional parasitosis literature referenced above, especially that of Shelomi [8] is in 4 sections. | background | 435adf5f41fc1e099489ba4647f843fd5a2e0065 | deb3754d56cc3403d0efacc711f8a445f2de7eb6 | |
58% of ethnically matched control chromosomes.(8) Examination of the dbSNP shows that the frequency of the rs6746030 polymorphism in control samples is ethnicity dependent: American Caucasians of European descent, 12. | background | cf0174fcb83c9c65b6e736b2c10ee615dc8f8993 | a3ad3b4609bb8bf85c8c2115cb76d0e5cd16df12 | |
reported that increased eNOS Thr495 phosphorylation leads to decreased NO production and vasodilation and is associated with hypertension.(28) –32 Whether IL-17 affects eNOS Thr495 phosphorylation and endothelial function is unknown. | background | 1. Introduction | a12d66e0803dd67c8488a09100ecb4d682b8217a | fce0f7e8ed764b23fb748f458a50f2b2219bde8e |
Between row readouts the pixels can continue accumulating counts if a local counter is present on-pixel [103]. | background | 4 SINGLE-PHOTON PROCESSING ANDREADOUT | 058bf8bc9f753b371e340ee08afec4b41752ed67 | c2cec2c0ab379d307fa643d66399fc89c1de4e78 |
However, some other studies did not support using 18S rRNA gene for species delimitation [28,47,48]. | result | Discussion | 4a71ab3365a50b266e364cd9d511c571c818830a | 39e74d01b0a09e6a1eb51957968a3ad05aaee507 |
We are interested in exploring BPC recognition to aid in the placement of segments in a segment-based speech recognition system in noisy conditions, one idea which was initially demonstrated in [11]. | background | 1. INTRODUCTION | d9f525209f06a5909b0d69cfe7754bf956e5c0cf | 2d57462aca8d06674df2b058e23b5c0e3129a472 |
As TrkB-FL mediates the majority of BDNF’s functions, we next
examined the influence of BDNF on myelination in the presence of the Trk receptor inhibitor K252a (Knüsel and Hefti, 1992). | background | Results | ddcd1499cbe26838f749d5828f5b4b5da318a9b6 | e6a71aad5d7f8aa44db1047ad79d16357ea84c85 |
…et al., 2008;Yang et al., 2008; Reyes and Vidal, 2015), seasonal variation (Tunçsiper et al., 2015, Reyes and Vidal, 2015; Gorra et al., 2014), pH value (Tao et al., 2012; He et al., 2012), and the presence and type of vegetation (Huett et al., 2005; Gottschall et al., 2007; Comin et al., 1997). | background | Introduction | 7b0ca6f15e76f285cc19efd2305cb1ec9e16a5b5 | df90f3e882609d15c298251608a5b48b69efb3b8 |
SSA responses have also been discovered in auditory thalamus (Anderson et al., 2009) and auditory cortex (Von der Behrens et al. | background | 2 Stimulus-Specific Adaptation | ff9e9a626ab907f0821a6949edf1dec1c2a0a8a0 | ab521feed89a9397e278fe1cb66cb7f19e3e2704 |
…clear differences in behavior toward family members and friends (Hamilton 1964; Roberts 2010) and is consistent with previous studies that have found an increase in closeness to parents occurring during the transition to university (Kenny 1987; Pipp et al. 1985; Sullivan and Sullivan 1980). | result | Discussion | 32ea32efe772213a20e9a2c339855a8c0a968557 | b4facb522be23b950b6e9761488cc7ce78f784b6 |
Initial empirical evidence suggests that a clinical sample of patients with schizophrenia found it easier to reason in the first than in the third person (Bosco et al., 2009a). | background | INTRODUCTION | 9184109d9f2b9815b82004e1d6f8353318d19412 | 9d6aaf1a9388496c3b0ae42f74af16ba532ec0f2 |
…control conditions (e.g., Hinton et al., 2004; Kudo et al., 2004; Pouthas et al., 2005), those that have highlight the role of the pre-SMA, IFG, and putamen in processing specifically temporal information (Coull et al., 2004, 2008; Harrington et al., 2010; Morillon et al., 2009; Rao et al., 2001). | background | Discussion | fc8856c4221faeafe4e5a56392f407d1d4b0b0d4 | 3378b44667112016c4e125a52975de70dff8aad9 |
…cognitive impairments, for instance in the fields of memory, executive functions and attention, their psychomotor functions showed no discrepancy (Porter et al., 2003).
impliCit learning
Besides working memory, another important component of cognitive functions is implicit learning, which is the… | method | Cognitive funCtions and mood | a7e55084f355daccb8331438d055c39a534364e3 | 9764347e59172287d5b80f7bb63d005c013fe057 |
One series of sections was Nissl stained with cresyl violet, whereas a second series of sections was processed to visualize the marker SMI-32, as previously described (Wannier et al. 2005; Beaud et al. 2008). | method | Methods | 348ddcb10d069239ee552e48a58e627002719246 | 8366bcd28459e9d85b8c667e1505d7bb2554b8d3 |
It has been shown, both in humans and in our experimental animal model of MS, that in this condition there exists a state of low-grade inflammation and an altered inflammatory/stress regulation [12–14, 34]. | result | Discussion | 126de5f4600f4a9aa33cef76a7f6c4be9ebe98a1 | 71cf1a7820f834be5ee30ee2aac13b2d8f739b3b |
Scp160p acts in concert with the eIF4E-binding protein Eap1p in the so-called SMY2EAP1-SCP160-ASC1 (SESA) network to inhibit translation of POM34 mRNA in response to spindle pole body duplication defects (11). | background | INTRODUCTION | 10e20e964f4934b478319b37b0617f10880c7d2c | 650a68920d6f007cd6d6de8a695fae07e7a8260f |
Contralateral and ipsilateral motor responses were predominantly elbow flexion and wrist extension, similar to a previous report (Neafsey et al., 1986). | result | Results | 13b13f03dca369e0b7c2046c0563a6219c8495ab | fbcdd2455c2043b7fc82f153ae44bdffb0950daa |
Previous studies have demonstrated that shorter exposures can disrupt recall performance due to incomplete encoding of the memory array, resulting in increases in both swap errors and guessing (Bays et al., 2009, 2011; Emrich & Ferber, 2012). | result | 4. Discussion | 6e99f811d7817287226a134bd05a826d09fcbc98 | 3c045042469071b9d21230fcfe5ee598fc3ddd39 |
Otherwise numerous CCK2 agonists, including Boc– CCK-4, BC197 (Derrien et al. 1994; Ladurelle et al. 1997) | background | Introduction | a59f7c6100b3d98f954df6818f8db75bbd0f7190 | 4f2995a132469538424300d92e3eeb65aa7ac497 |
…largest features in the 150-ms amplitude spectrum correspond to a loss of spectral features previously attributed to hK (Rothschild et al., 1988; Dioumaev and Braiman, 1997a), and a gain of features previously attributed to hL (Rothschild et al., 1988; Walter and Braiman, 1994; Chon et al.,… | background | Kinetic analysis | 24fe18db8ad1c3b1d77a73b1fea0f9a471434bf7 | 57220e5e1106b295bab12105c79f6307ab220e0f |
The CB served as positive control tissue for mGluR1, mGluR2, and mGluR4 (15, 30), whereas the OB prominently expresses mGluR6, mGluR7, and mGluR8 (5, 23, 27). | background | METHODS | 110777d2210aae5141710059f0f1b64a22c2bf8c | c36df64ee3684de6c81c61463f6aabfdb09987d5 |
The neuro-protective efficacy of this drug has been reported after different types of lesions in-vitro (Hutter-Paier et al., 1996a,b) and in-vivo (Akai et al., 1992; Masliah et al., 1999; Schwab et al., 1997). | background | Introduction | 011d2b6a70fc719b53d76a5f3eb9fe30769590d1 | 67dc4b90cb7c2d09dcd7fcd8b09bd65101f2f3f3 |
Nevertheless, this downward trend is not observed among HIV-1 infected patients [2, 3]. | background | Background | ba8f8c8f27599d0a58fa80cb102567c26a08a344 | de32cec9e4472bbbbda724bb3e6f792b2830010f |
…Smad4 into a Nuclear Complex with FAST-1
Upon activin stimulation, Smad2 associates with Smad4, accumulates in the nucleus, and interacts with the DNAbinding protein, FAST-1 or FAST2 (reviewed in Attisano and Wrana, 1998; Kretzschmar and Massagué, 1998; Heldin et al., 1997; Whitman, 1998). | background | The Mutants P445H and D450E Interact with ALK4 but Are Not Phosphorylated | 55d86ed897941ed6c0ff6f57a0217361b0cf6b11 | e5695692c9a5e0b064dcc27627f425d91fcefb0d |
Group-specific primers for Bacteroidales order, Lactobacillus sp., Bifidobacterium sp., and Clostridium sp. were obtained from Wlodarska et al.46 and Prevotella sp. were obtained from Matsuki et al.47 Expression analysis was carried out using the Bio-Rad CFX manager 3.0 (using the DDCt method for relative normalized ex... | method | METHODS | 309dca58e134328cd011fe30e7d0bd8063881f59 | 0e07df4ebbdf25662ab0b459067312bda30e7123 |
In the model-interpolation method [1], an under-trained triphone is re-tuned by interpolating the model with others of less contextdependency , i.e. the left-context, right-context and/or context-independent models, which can be trained more reliably. | method | INTRODUCTION | 385c037a43bb2c23b9f686183c13e9ccc20724b5 | b2b7024793ff8da6c80df9cfadd2b524b6d6f35e |
This result is similar to those found in studies carried out in clinical/surgical ICUs, where coagulation failure (≤50,000 platelets) did not significantly affect the prognosis of the patient [9, 28, 38]. | result | 5. Discussion | 5950f2f124cc778490f3c87ea524b10748539fc9 | 05e8e9f8ee6223139fb056fca9cb1ff5d2b09811 |
M1R are mainly distributed in the peripheral lung tissue and in the alveolar walls [16] within parasympathetic ganglia and regulate cholinergic transmission [20]. | background | Background | 9a9a66910c4615336c1f862450debb3d288a38f1 | 7074cf91dd47e9c03fac70cafbc2fdf39581f11e |
BmCatD-RNAi also inhibited the programmed cell death of larval gut during pupal stage (Gui et al., 2006). | background | Introduction | c8847eac969aa25c150cebffe64901b6ce95d913 | 97dd64362e69cbf1842ad144bd2c3a3b24ac2de7 |
Interestingly, the RAQ2/RNQ4 region on 5HL is identical to the major QTL previously detected for grain dormancy (i.e., qSDND) in the ND24260 Flagship DH population (Hickey et al., 2012), with the allele for both QTL (i.e., grain dormancy and RAQ2/RNQ4) donated by ND24260. | background | Novel Quantitative Trait Loci for Seminal Root Traits in Barley | ce1d09a4a3a8d7fd3405b9328f65f00c952cf64b | b6642e19efb8db5623b3cc4eef1c5822a6151107 |
Specifically, Step 1 implements the coordinated competition (Xu, 1998a), which has different simplified forms for specific qðxly; ‘Þ and qðy;‘Þ: For the case of Eq. | background | 3. Gaussian mixture and Gaussian mixture-of-experts | 1c6b446bc13a454686b6c3872a78fa9c0760677b | 815bd94807ff43a3f3a4f361e5b21e3f7a63556d |
While beaked whales and large delphinids produce clicks with comparable energy flux source levels (Madsen et al. 2004, Zimmer et al. 2005, Au et al. 2007), they may hunt in quite different ambient noise environments. | background | RESULTS | 0c3173cf70ae0ef21ddd07b2feded1e8f0a9de13 | 4fa7c6cd134f315bac9f3153dc618c144ac7791e |
We can calculate the fold-preferential p-value of a particular motif ω to occur by chance in a particular SCOP Fold by using a hypergeometric distribution [15]: | method | 3. Methods | 71f866606d4da2e8d50330a84539304322708d41 | 8d838a0149814012028afd883fb7dc7a51daa078 |
These values lie in the range of average moment arm values for the index finger reported in An et al. (1983) and Valero-Cuevas et al. (1998). | method | 2 Methods | 2f2b181b12b2d300d5364254b35d84d072c6a16f | c8b1fea5b3a0c8690de1cdf78bc97d9f9cd87b8d |
The most likely explanation for the lethal phenotype is that GAG chain biosynthesis is blocked; this is consistent with reduced Wg signaling (Haerry et al. 1997). | background | Discussion | 7a9bf55cf151a07a0ca8237e765ba0d1412c73ee | e232a3393e6366652d41b8619b6ffd7b240194e3 |
When the findings are compared to results obtained for organic strawberries and table grapes by Arce (2010), Cerda et al. (2012) and Cerda et al. (2011), it is evident that the calculated WTPs vary considerably among different types of fruit. | result | Discussion | 1c4284bac898d92493f6bdfb81fffbe43bf1b7cb | None |
Periplasmic, cytoplasmic and membrane fractions from E. coli cells were prepared as described (Neu & Heppel, 1965), using ice-cold 1 mM MgCl2 instead of water to reduce the amount of shock-released cytoplasmic proteins (Hantash & Earhart, 2000). | method | METHODS | 6f88ab843c22386e3871c06a3333b7fb2e40c69d | e5cb758e73c6943f5d9e5675c459d9f49f929a8b |
report that the rate of MPOD increase correlates with the plateau level of serum lutein or zeaxanthin concentration and that absorption into serum was lower with zeaxanthin than with an equal dosage of lutein [16]. | background | R 0.691 0.489 | 3f0c84260f93a0cf5134539848f8dd4e7747f990 | da4cb02e18f12c06b24d7a613a6e4f9110093572 |
For non-dominated sorting, we also used for comparison the three state-of-the-art algorithms, namely, Best Order Sort [20], the k-d tree-based algorithm called ENS-NDT [9], and the hybrid algorithm combining the divide-and-conquer idea [2] and the ENS algorithm [26] similar to how this was done in this paper. | method | 5 EXPERIMENTS | 98c0b9a0f78778dc86d2f8b6effd11eccee2f6be | 11348e5a3419b65ac9ff38f9eda20994b701b2a0 |
The pentamer is released as an acute phase reactant upon stimulation by IL-6 or other markers of cellular stress and injury [17]. | background | 599feb4b2dc522afbf540675ef031b1bb88a65ba | a967d1ac47bfa7a596f1342cddac8c80c4736ac8 | |
Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio were chosen as follows [20, 21]: enamel, 90 GPa and 0. | method | 2 Methodology | 5ec74cf790f36cea4d8d254e81221373a4c500e5 | 98877ff30111711d91962a800d00ab211e2bc609 |
This is reinforced by a large literature on human-computer interface design (Brinck et al. 2002; Shneiderman 1998). | method | Text-Based Trip Planners | 9a71488b865aed98a8062ce0b6056ed0ed3639ff | 17b58281e4574fb4a2db6d6ae879ff68a7ce3112 |
…stress in schizophrenia (Figure 1), the results reported here may indicate that the DA-dependent restitutive system, which normally decreases its own activity in the face of stress, may be disrupted or already down-regulated in schizophrenia, as previously predicted (Friedhoff 1985, 1986, 1988). | result | DISCUSSION | 2c000dab571a498696699edc81e9ceffef255526 | 13ff21e59653ae5565812783407ea0561a28f9b8 |
Cell culture and transfection
The mouse neuronal hybrid cell line MN-1 was cultured and transfected as previously described (Drews et al. 2005), using 50 ng of test plasmid, 10 ng of control plasmid (pRLSV40, Promega), and the Fugene 6 transfection reagent (Roche Molecular Biochemicals,… | method | 50 RACE | 2417526934446d81023af49f27bb7f52044bcb78 | 73f36294b5992a53e4f075e384fe30a13c629bb4 |
MD simulations were carried out on the clusters of personal computers (CROW) at the National Institute of Chemistry in Ljubljana [34], using the CHARMM biomolecular simulation program [35] and CHARMMing web server [36]. | method | Methods | 507a70138fcdb6a4514ff8d6b546ed8e819b4b89 | fa9f8decfbad6c213c9ef21b892ea3206e84bca2 |
2004) but MBs are more frequently found in sheep hearts (Ozbag and Kervancioglu 2004) than human hearts. | background | Discussion | 6ac4a33dcce8c8821ffd16c1f8d4d23a27f4a506 | 6186e70a6bc014d7d5b82a4649574ef25e7b7ec0 |
In vivo recordings show that the firing rate of Purkinje cells is modulated during behavior within a range as high as 250 spikes per second (sp/s) and as low as 5 sp/s (Lisberger and Fuchs 1978). | background | RESULTS | 36cbdbcfa9953f0dc751fbb4c40e9107e9018e22 | 3e091e519efad2d1146bab4af4f04ad3bda6f437 |
Because the majority of EBV PTLDs and ARLs express LMP-1 (5–7), it is not surprising that Bcl-2 is overexpressed in these tumors (19, 20). | background | INTRODUCTION | ef57c3dab8aaaced5f2238895daa29394d19d64f | 2a38b64f3ae2dce7fb72103698df909012c36156 |
Indeed, it has been demonstrated that ADAM17 deficiency leads to protection against lethal shock by LPS (53, 54), whereas iRhom2-deficient mice, in which ADAM17 cannot be activated, failed to control the replication of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (55). | background | DISCUSSION | 32060e8f72341783bafbde9bf6e8cad832a66d19 | d29581f95617749aa150e6cb626e77027319f4ef |
In the network resulting from all these interactions—the human interactome—the cellular components, such as proteins, RNA, or metabolites, serve as nodes and their interactions are
commonly depicted as edges (Schadt 2009; Barabási et al 2011; Caldera et al 2017). | background | Introduction | f3ee10d77b2902a5856ec3854fd946fd75f4316c | 3d188c6936ad6dd478e01f2dd34bb2167f43e7d7 |
Examples include Barry (1974), Brown (1976), Bawa, Brown and Klein (1979), Jobson, Korkie, and Ratti (1979), Jobson and Korkie (1980), Jorion (1985; 1986), McKinlay and Pastor (2000), Goldfarb and Iyengar (2003), Ledoit and Wolf (2004), Garlappi, Uppal, and Wang (2007), and Kan and Zhou (2007)… | background | 1 Introduction | 2a061f6a73ba33a838146981d869f0cce01499a6 | d4a7359fe7495ed332517097be56c312c9834030 |
A similar pattern in the response of n-3 and n-6 PUFA to the maternal diet supplemented with salmon oil was reported by other authors (Arbuckle and Innis, 1993; Fritsche et al. 1993; Rooke et al., 2001; Lauridsen and Jensen, 2007). | result | Discussion | 2a51b58538f6f20543e5999269aca732b4016089 | 7c73945bea00c9cc80fbeecd746fff3d5e56b780 |
levels in the medium also influence the transcription of the ech42 endochitinase gene (Donzelli and Harman 2001). | background | Discussion | d2e319e688fded9cd583a093f19e2c45629dd7a8 | 33d72ef784eb8e94ec59ae71e8d248145124f190 |
Shimodaira–Hasegawa tests27 (SH test) and approximately unbiased tests28 (AU; Shimodaira 2002) were performed with Treefinder to test the tree topologies. | method | Methods | d19ba445f7ec2238d1a8fffbb15bfeede08b2c79 | 68ca575288c860fe6454e9f1a3bbe42498bbf31f |
SQP methods date back to Wilson [14] and were popularized by Han [12] and Powell [13], see [8, Chapter 12. | method | 1. Introduction | 2b010cefc5e40fa3d4897d84e58d8d6e8d4be27a | ac61467bb470a2591582d9bebef55285ffb0a45b |
A similar pattern of CF labeling was observed with Tbx18-Cre (5), another epicardial-specific Cre driver (Supplemental Figure 4, B and C). | method | Results | 1a8040efae37c96912537ea0778bc12e70b6b793 | 852d2614bd7d2da447ee5e58ee72f1670ad8c887 |
Long QT syndrome approach, described by Allegue et al. (2010) [10] was used for the genetic mutation screening on KCNQ1, KCNH2, and SCN5A genes. | method | Methods | aa9cc57c283d6f635f9e136469f5a3f5020b9899 | a278839406918ffba62d1564b227aad09b482fce |
in a very recent paper [24], where Hidden Markov Chain inference techniques are used to point out dummy operations from real ones, discarding almost perfectly the countermeasure proposed in [21]. | background | 1 Introduction | 202df6f159218318d4a21caed270840180bc086c | f86796c815643cf53b78846584fcd347753c22b9 |
In B. subtilis perRBS mutant, the expression level of fur is known to be less than one-third of those of katA, mrgA, and ahpC (Fuangthong et al., 2002; Faulkner et al., 2012). | background | Results | 405e2a5d3bb5c430c4d0cbd020d8bebe8c1364ba | 855f0edac470b58ab2dc7ecb8e873c970f273a23 |
brucei despite the lack of a functional Krebs cycle in BF developmental stages of this parasite (12, 18). | background | RESULTS | 52db811fb230e1a19494c9ac4f293fbdfdc7d9a8 | 74e5f03d56f76cf3a6a80bcd977a5c7d07b42607 |
18 of cells that will develop into the procambium (Carland and Nelson, 2004). | background | 1cb10d6d52502084cb4d8e00111d0ed8955b98ac | 7d32e3cb0dbcf2ea9e82747629d6ed929fcb94f3 | |
Constraint-induced therapy is increasingly being utilized following injury for the benefit of improved upper limb mobility and has been reviewed by Andersen et al.(111) Using the unilateral ligation model in mice, Rha et al. | method | Rehabilitation | 4475130d5fa81232cb51eb148a594fe7d4bc4241 | 8753bcae8b3e71576c370ffb3d45f3883c4ef296 |
Definition 0.2.1 The stratified bisimulation relations (Milner, 1980; Hennessy and Milner, 1985) ∼k⊆ Pr× Pr for k ∈ N are defined as follows:
• E ∼0 F for all E,F ∈ Pr • E ∼k+1 F iff for each a ∈ Act: if E
a−→ E′ then there is F ′ ∈ Pr such that F a−→ F ′ and E′ ∼k F ′; and if F a−→ F ′ then there… | background | 6 Classic algorithms for bisimilarity over finite labelled transition systems | a3c2257c93a36a7ac061e8d68865f44fa1e9b657 | 382970c1d324a2efcb7fec0c76a01419ad09b427 |
The gene encoding the spike protein of CoVs is an important gene responsible for viral entry and therefore has been extensively studied (Sun et al., 2008; Belouzard et al, 2012; Li et al, 2012; Wang et al, 2014; Li, 2015; Liu et al, 2015). | background | DISCUSSION | 0c756adaec2279fc7270610fcd44d0850de1240a | d23572e680528d1cda929ec50d444afedbb3df82 |
Only one study had evaluated serum PCT concentrations in 53 women with preterm labour compared to 31 healthy pregnant women [19]. | method | Methods | 93db2091d5726b0be1d20204132ad647cd3415b0 | 4a7d8c9e4b25bfd2c9ba907123e5f17f86c91c31 |
Asthma control was measured by the ACT, as previously described.(37) Self-reported healthcare seeking was elicited by asking participants how many times in the last year they had consulted HCPs regarding their asthma or needed to use emergency medical services due to their asthma (including being hospitalised, calling ... | method | METHODS | 1a3a296dafbbaeb82caa73be21d363ced21f70ed | 2a7feb75557b24569cddc7792e8678b23524f2a6 |
In order to find the MAP between two steady states, we follow the minimum action method in [42] to compute the numerical solutions with the time interval [0, 100]. | method | Methods | f1f45fff45c335f2638fbf8fba3c68f92a72bcf4 | 4c033b2eb0fe0d9b544b4f77dcf692f2cc84b47c |
…shows early termination of vascular elongation, while the cvl1 mutant resembles wild type, suggesting an unequal redundancy in which CVP2 plays a more significant role in PtdIns(4,5)P2 degradation and PtdIns(4)P production (Carland and Nelson, 2009; Carland et al., 1999; Carland and Nelson, 2004). | background | CVL1/CVP2 | 1cb10d6d52502084cb4d8e00111d0ed8955b98ac | 7d32e3cb0dbcf2ea9e82747629d6ed929fcb94f3 |
Varying the TE makes it possible to probe compartment-specific T2 (whose decay Ferizi et al. (2015) finds to be monoexponential at the voxel level), an investigation which would be impossible with a single TE. | background | 4.2. Limitations and future directions | 0927b46dae26d50446b76400c7f669600e2d57ae | 4ee1aefaf7c07decdcccca52c96e75b434be76c3 |
Mammalian T1Rs and T2Rs, which are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), are expressed in taste bud cells (Adler et al. 2000; Hoon et al. 1999). | background | In vertebrates, the taste system provides information used in the regulation of food ingestion. In mammals, each cell groupwithin the taste buds expresses either the | fdac35259beef9903990fde4f2da6522712f419f | 5b46f45bca7105d113a22a874ea6c3c36adbb3e4 |
Among the pediatric Berlin ExCor population, the use of a steroid protocol has been noted to decrease the degree of inflammatory markers which trigger the coagulation cascade and was associated with a modest decrease in the incidence of cerebrovascular events [16]. | background | Introduction | cb880695a3dcea216d827ecc2300cc0186840e18 | cfdf067994e42344e042dd2397806f1e299b2c3b |
Riboprobe complementary to a region in the subgenomic virus RNA was generated from AflII-linearized pGSV.SS (Trgovcich et al., 1996). | method | METHODS | 719bbb4e14ef9725a5f77c3e63e827d1e5b25b01 | 907562ac6b2fff225cea970116ceb98a98b759bb |
The beat-to-beat spectral estimation analysis was based on the discrete wavelet transform using Gabor basis wavelet (18) and 256-event data. | method | METHODS | eb5ed59d2aa22945368ae773566e739215b65e85 | 93084b8567c01a35d7e2907ef15909dfaf2bb22d |
More specifically, system quality can directly or indirectly predict individuals’ perceived benefits from using an IS [19, 21]. | background | Introduction | 46865a7d91b8b6ac7360d4e6a181e29a76d0111f | 7fdab2d31c2712734271c67dd3e3decdcf9f6139 |
Phase 2 is a cessation of firing that is generated by premotor inhibitory synaptic events local to each abdominal ganglion and intrinsic spike frequency adaptation of the motoneurons (Chapple and Krans 2004; Krans and Chapple 2005). | background | Introduction | 5227ec6b6b9e6630d3eec53e8784b1d43b97febf | 61ba484c3fd142d5ddf606eae1a549fe29594208 |
Previous studies have suggested recording electrograms over at least 5 s to increase the accuracy of fractionation and DF assessment.(6,7) For the purpose of this study, we assessed degree of fractionation as a continuous variable by CFE-mean analysis to include all data between the range of 40 and 300 ms so as to incl... | method | Methods | 053af7984edfdf4692e88a4281d5cc34096fbc75 | f300c872e5c0acf436f57789c4131ef42e385ba4 |
Various models exist, but often form around two schools, namely implicit [4, 19] and explicit [1, 15], depending on how the query aspects are accounted for in the retrieved documents. | background | 1 Introduction | 03aff1b1ff4d4fd040a9dae649cb35880c6ccb12 | ded1fa5432e066c3a9f998bd52c6ed736068c582 |
Previous research has also shown that hypophosphorylated 4E-BP1, which is prevalent in serumdeprived cells, has an increased affinity for eIF4E, resulting in a decreased interaction of eIF4E with eIF4G, a concomitant decrease in eIF4F complex assembly and cap-dependent translation (47). | method | DISCUSSION | 01eca65fa2cd4dce86de183c38ceafe4b2e5000a | 2fd42779ada2f3166880ef26edb066505cf4b662 |
Starting 3 days before the experiments, 4 h tail-restraint periods were performed each day [16] by pulling the tail through a tail-sized hole in the cage and securing it to a horizontal Plexiglass support. | method | Methods | 7f52b2f1df358d5724d7a5ac53cc44afdab184bf | 06afafa100978d97e12640df533547dbc7f26b5f |
It is noteworthy that accumulation of ethidium bromide may be affected by causes other than diminished efflux pump activity; as an example, increased permeability to ethidium bromide due to physical changes of the cell envelope.(7,8,25) If one is to assess efflux of ethidium bromide and conditions that affect it, one m... | background | Results and discussion | 6c6b3cb4254ddd761135e0ed834f11230d2c192a | 1475dfe9dc1221835665a2c2db2a5b3d01ee986a |
The Cross Entropy (CE) Method: CE (Rubinstein and Kroese, 2004) is an iterative method whose goal is to optimize a function f parameterized by a vector θ ∈ Θ by direct search in the parameter space Θ. Figure 7 contains the pseudo-code of the CE algorithm used in our experiments (Szita and Lőrincz, 2006; Thiery a... | method | 6.2.1 Experimental Setup | a6ee4ae5344033fee613898841e2b9894bbfe4b7 | 7bea02dfd7225cb47689ccae90a5383444294a32 |
Pk also physically interacts with Vang, and this interaction leads to the clustering of Vang on the opposite side of the cell (Bastock et al., 2003; Jenny et al., 2003; Strutt et al., 2011). | background | INTRODUCTION | 4e76d6b98473d7af7d7c946cd9b4e2d110de5606 | 9d57eaed154045f05a5d6543d72db7db873ab390 |
Coercion was measured using the MacArthur Perceived Coercion Scale (MPCS) [20] and patient satisfaction with services measured using the client satisfaction questionnaire [21]. | method | Methodology | 27d828e04c1f0f488a4684826e0793b71758c118 | 3cc79a7033c5db7860eb9f298fd607933af80ec2 |
Furthermore, hypercellular spindle cell areas resembling fibrosarcoma have been described in both SEF and LGFMS (Evans, 1987, 1993; Meis-Kindblom et al., 1995; Antonescu et al., 2001). | background | 85157a05c0eba82e6d6e424fca5ad60946339006 | 2865b07f8b8189049cf726bff1ccdaeef3fbe62b | |
(51) is simplified into
Hðp; qÞ ¼ 1 N XN t¼1 0:5 lnjWðxtÞWTðxtÞj þ ln qðytÞ ; ð109Þ
which is exactly the cost function that leads to the nonlinear LPM-ICA algorithm (or particularly the LPM-ICA algorithm at the special case f ðrÞ ¼ r) (Xu, Yang, & Amari, 1996; Xu, 1998b; Xu et al., 1998). | background | 4. NonGaussian mixture and mixture of independent mapping | 1c6b446bc13a454686b6c3872a78fa9c0760677b | 815bd94807ff43a3f3a4f361e5b21e3f7a63556d |
28 The HNTs and DB-HNTs were prepared using a modified procedure.(27) Experimentally, 20 mg of hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) (HAuCl4) was dissolved in 10 mL of 1-octadecene containing 0. | method | METHODS | 2c433eaf3689f076d18b64d4917d7ced4280b824 | d17098feba2f52cce0f9fe74749682cda073c189 |
The protocol will also detail a general method for peptide synthesis of SecPh-containing peptides (5) as well as two methods for the oxidative elimination of SecPh to form Dha (6). | method | Experimental design | 06ba6c467ddbad6b80bd78e169a4853491ad943c | 9c9c8e5dfd7c90ce07c56ec6b7c33c3aa7c03817 |
This i Attribution License (http://creativecommons.or in any medium, provided the original work is p
the formation and evolution of meteorite parent bodies (Ebihara et al. 2011; Nagao et al. 2011; Nakamura et al. 2011; Noguchi et al. 2011; Tsuchiyama et al. 2011; Yurimoto et al. 2011). | background | Introduction | 27717c955391418fdfd741398938409a32848c93 | f2d1e364a067e08a35265de3c56c9dd5e8595d18 |
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