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Single-molecule FRET observation and analysis were carried out by using the Cys-light kinesin monomer (349-residue with C-terminal His6 tag) with cysteines introduced into 215/342 or 43/342 residues as described (18), except that fluorescently labeled kinesins were immobilized on the glass surface via anti-His antibodi... | method | Methods | 69c6107b7cbf1c90bb5ec950f5d5379be933e1f2 | 528a5187dc98ec9fa5a0484c9d204fa48d47fa6c |
Eligible for inclusion were male patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder according to DSM IV criteria after a Comprehensive Assessment of Symptoms and History interview (CASH) [14] and by consensus between two senior psychiatrists who were blind to the expression results at the time of diagno... | method | Methods | d5c3093d68614d83785b520a087b379e8334a075 | 46c0660db9a3bd806ae697b0220476df8dab57c5 |
Heme/porphyrin transport proteins – Heme Carrier Protein 1 (HCP1), Feline Leukemia Virus subgroup C Cellular Receptor 1 (FLVCR1) and ATP-Binding Cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) – clearly affect flux of heme and porphyrin across the plasma membrane [21–23], while ATPBinding Cassette subfamily B member 6 (ABCB6) ha... | background | 4. Discussion | 0e9a96abdadee219aa2f22477dd5b84b7e7620c6 | 39eb49b29c10b9ae875b3450700ed7539ca3679c |
Our results with the lesioned rats suggest that [18F]FEOBV may be useful for detecting cortical cholinergic denervations such as those known to be present in AD or dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) (Dournaud et al., 1995; Prohovnik et al., 2006). | background | Discussion | 1d02264f48e648ecaa9cc0effcebe5dccaa41cae | 1abe7d1de7ae7458a545a76995b86058319891ea |
Additionally, the only known locality of H. axyridis in western China is in Xinjiang, very close to the China-Kazakhstan border
and relatively close to the railway, which crosses the
Turkestan-Siberian Railway (Poutsma et al. 2008). | background | Results and discussion | 1596994f7c0cc63dd33ecac9bae63cbcab4e31f0 | a0003d3b8be9c44a96cf44599d5c473afd7f131c |
The two most recent articles are those of Shelomi [8], an entomologist who also reported on a case of photo manipulation of presumed springtail (Collembola: Arthropoda) infections, and Lyons [9], a veterinarian who presented 3 case histories. | background | 435adf5f41fc1e099489ba4647f843fd5a2e0065 | deb3754d56cc3403d0efacc711f8a445f2de7eb6 | |
As one or two strains are sufficient to drive major changes in gastrointestinal and host metabolic profiles (Marcobal et al., 2013), we considered the possibility that the development of CDAD may also be linked to specific microbial metabolic patterns, which may help identify metabolic associations with C. | background | Introduction | 4552697d8f6a250de747b259809c1b53bd6a86f4 | 2f587ec3f121d1121885a4a62d2a4a82422c14be |
The current study confirms previous investigations that ADM is a natriuretic peptide (2, 4, 7, 22). | result | DISCUSSION | 067c4d561a6f2101a24a151e72db6a19f648c5b8 | 8a4f1f110d9ed5e4c921c34254e3bca43fd3fed5 |
The following methods were introduced in order to include structural 3D information in QSARs/QSPRs: CoMFA comparative molecular field analysis and its variants CoMSIA (MSIA - molecular similarity indices Analysis) [23]; ▪ WHIM - weighted holistic invariant molecular (and its variant MS-WHIM - molecular surface WHIM) [2... | method | Introduction | 901892e4fa96dec654dbb2ac64fd9e61f4029141 | 3f85006c2ebed514030b1e4011c14e5b34487aea |
teristics of subjects and the trunk SM volume have been reported elsewhere (13). | background | 631a4b5ce1bbc46db44db315203dadea4dd4e65d | b50dc11e63844606ee5a56c10a97bf89dc457201 | |
…dementia (VCID) is the second leading cause of dementia behind Alzheimer's disease, and is a frequent comorbidity in the Alzheimer's patient (Cooper and Mitchell 2016; Dichgans and Leys 2017; Greenberg et al. [for MarkVCID consortium] 2017; Kalaria 2016; Perrotta et al. 2016; Sudduth et al. 2017). | background | Background | 8f223ae9235cbe90c903c12287ea4d0792d2bec5 | 0c7e0f41e62bb2350ce42b29250fd5663b897759 |
Although many arachnoid cysts are asymptomatic throughout life, in a small group of patients, they are associated with headaches or vertigo [1]. | background | Introduction | 88b86556857f4374842d2af2e359576806239175 | a5bb0ff1a026944d2a47a155462959af2b8505a8 |
We have used the sheep ovary model, since this is the most widely used animal model of whole ovary cryopreservation and is of comparable size to the human ovary (Bedaiwy et al., 2003; Revel et al., 2004; Arav et al., 2005; Courbiere et al., 2005, 2006, 2008; Imhof et al., 2006; Baudot et al., 2007; Bedaiwy and Falcone,... | method | Discussion | b7350164249a7a9914a9ad39b52abe0168eadf09 | 7b7d00e590d9f8619a2fbe6b0c83a8741737df64 |
They initialize their orthogonal mapping using an adversarial training phase, much like Conneau et al. [2018], and solve the optimization problem with alternating minimization. Our approach differs from theirs: by bootstrapping on the solution of a smaller problem to initialize the mapping, we avoid the need for a neur... | method | 25a58b728ebeee5bc33d753bccb89617af1cd6d6 | 5b97f710fe7b89887740e292d1c5e2b9f1d65b1f | |
such a relationship which is in contrast to our results.(14,15) It should also be mentioned that | result | Discussion | d6d27018fb766a61ab9f27edccb6b06139dfe37b | 00a559c30808fddbb7573306a4d890d1a92a8a1a |
Limited experience, fear of using of e-books, and other factors may rob users of the full benefits of the technology.(13) E-book producers must address this challenge by taking on the responsibility of educating users about the full benefits of the technology and how they can make full use of these benefits. | background | 9cf791370769f325f8bc63c7c31b0c35c56b64b9 | 28afb3fc51d84a6dd0011df7ff1aabc00f29071d | |
Positions of sequence and alignment ambiguity were omitted and pairwise evolutionary distances based on 1267 unambiguous nucleotides were computed by using the method of Jukes & Cantor (1969). | method | METHODS | d8e4d2db4ed53606823b8e09aaf00f452fabda83 | fa582e2da3b8ec0619ef4d82be195e4528f76dca |
The most negative role of AGEs in human physiology is typically attributed to their pronounced pro-inflammatory effect, mediated by membrane or soluble receptors [24–26]. | background | 1. Introduction | d3d3d00401a38639ca64839021ea325a572f359e | 3576b9f0d3a3d18becbe61c4ec0f2d103f513b39 |
…the sexes may differ in which signal feature they pay most attention to (i.e., body posture vs motion displays; Martins et al. 2005; Nava et al. 2009) or which signal type elicits a stronger behavioral response (i.e., conspecific vs heterospecific; Searcy and Brenowitz 1988; Bernal et al. 2007). | background | d24129253055098f147c9b5e9126ed4edd50fa5c | 525c14d06dc69067a5dd60428d38d73b5db4f1a7 | |
A standardized, previously validated asthma score (15, 16) with good interobserver reliability and spirometry were conducted for each patient after meeting the entry criteria. | method | METHODS | 7c78102c29f1b673b693a8f3df71217cbb891994 | 09a0f2c12590e697e05181fabedbf08e8f8ffe43 |
microcapillary electrophoretic RNA separation (by Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer) showed higher sensitivity for the assessment of RNA quality (Schroeder et al. 2006). | background | Conclusions | 941df9dcd2d4ba6e6f641527e667a4bca4a9d23e | 7449ebce258d5d0ac3e875a2fc20b7407d862f63 |
It is possible that inflammation of the lymphatic vessels and cisterns provokes an increase in their endoluminal pressure and permeability of the walls leading to extravasation of chyle [3]. | background | 3. Discussion | 4c767ca1fbb95353babb3260cb7151bbdf52afb8 | 55c013d531b2f41e9583f6c299991ef0e7c9cc25 |
Note that the experiments in both our earlier LCFR paper (Joslin & Pollack, 1994) and Gerevini and
Schubert's (1996) ZLIFO paper were run using an earlier version (v.2) of UCPOP. | method | 4.1 Experimental Design | 56d16ebf87698952888eb3bd824a76f3edae9d68 | d8e2634a16fd588af524885a4cb607cdd05df795 |
These investigators concluded that appropriate use of ISDN/HYD could prevent 6655 premature deaths annually [18]. | background | DISCUSSION | e2069e61a980d2ee5f574af77072e6f63e0d22a0 | d6d82a7f81a0af83d80ef1d144f757213f6c1ac7 |
Two traits are orthogonal when, based on individual rankings on one of the traits, it is impossible to predict anything certain about rankings on the other trait (Allik et al., 2015). | background | 8ebd0c64a3f1833cac7b8191303ea2bbd05682b5 | 86fdeaa16c965db52f41ad8489ee38b93590eba6 | |
This model proposes that excessive resection at DSBs near telomeres results in GCRs involving ANHEJ, because A-NHEJ requires single-stranded overhangs [18,22–27]. | method | Discussion | ba760502749e75cc11f7b5c57205e3a9083898f9 | 0ef19041357dfdd274f83f4593b02a26bb3e184b |
the total number of pedestrians leaving each tram that met the observation criteria, regardless of their ascent method, was entered as a continuous variable (mean=78 pedestrians per tram, range 21–156) [11, 12]. | background | Methods | bc36eea7ecccfca1b652b180cd23c25f01e4e3e9 | 52cfd0ee596e45fccbd78f8c6473ab9f5608e532 |
Water users are less likely to swim, boat, and fish during accidents and post-accidents due to health risks, unfavorable water appearance, or unpleasant odors [9]. | background | 1. Introduction | 7efb549b6192f03d3559a5a1a9ebd210b9730e5f | 843e7753e2612ec9a3ba60de6cead8478202b5f5 |
Similarly, five putative phosphorylation sites for Pro-directed kinases were detected in Arabidopsis CYCD3;1 based on the conserved motif S/TP and three out of these five sites were located in putative PEST regions (Menges et al. 2007). | background | Discussion | bd51b37b0a1c520f0463535e63232e9336cf0a90 | da0746558cecaad6681c199c44b8ed7d128848e5 |
Details of the sampling, field, and laboratory procedures have been described previously (Hinck et al., 2006, 2007a,b, 2008a; Schmitt, 2002; Schmitt et al., 2005). | method | 2. Methods | ee86ce788deafa1197d9c7138417c46cb9d77a76 | 6b75c9389ece004a68e219045e562a4a30822202 |
halodendron, whose lifespan was even shorter than that of some grasses (Watson et al. 2000; Gill et al. 2002). | background | Discussion | ead3afac058d76227c400d07c8745513b4a2ef66 | bef79e42ea9dbe003d12b2a42803ee6360d8b196 |
tial efficacy of several FDA-approved RA therapies, including antiTNF Ab, IL-1 antagonists, and methotrexate (MTX) (1, 3). | background | Introduction | 276ae3aca4b199021882e923439a34322858cd53 | 6ff2b47b4157846ef2c46466b662f69a8f564a4d |
There are multiple potential beneficial effects of physical activity for cancer survivors, including improved cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, physical functioning, fatigue, vigor, and mood (7-9). | background | Introduction | 19c40d2913c2b37d788fecbe3ff6e9bc9b9309a9 | 04c5f0d24c88ce7dbd5d34bdb855e171fde19399 |
As the ALSOVA study did not use a validated instrument to rate pain, somatic symptoms (symptoms of discomfort) were evaluated for their association with analgesic use, and assessed with one screening question ‘discomfort and symptoms’ from the 15D self-administered, validated, health-related QoL questionnaire [31]. | method | Methods | f308573f2763a4fccddef893ec91c88892bf2708 | 99066822ef1abdc6368bbf1435380f1a2048a352 |
Groups of similar sequences (greater than 97% identity), which will be referred in this work as OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units), were identified by building distance (neighbour joining) trees using the software Clustal X v.1.82 (Thompson et al. 1997). | method | Methods | 710f05a130d7c4e61d10594665a4752f61d1d614 | ad29e5310c2db455346da62508243e2c662c0ddf |
The estimation of historical population parameters from mitochondrial (mt) DNA coalescent genealogies offers a unique way of understanding the effects of Pleistocene climate shifts on marine species (Avise, 2000). | background | 1. Introduction | 694762ca910ab64450b5854391312f89f2deb7d8 | a370dfc6a84c8cbdee465e609b50ed61a97d6aea |
The participants in the current study were recruited from the Qingdao Twin Registry (QTR), China (Duan et al. 2013; Pang et al. 2006). | background | 0c9b7935acff54d6f4cde664f8d14872e09edb04 | c4499beb351ddf6a868fc18ce702cfd2ad7899b0 | |
Coral species better adapted or acclimatised to cope with the stress effects of down-welling sediment are typically more abundant in reef habitats exposed to high sediment loads [14,15,16,17]. | background | c91d0f6e4e41fb4540106dabecaf5d77f11ec47b | 64a88057d4da320ba2a22ad292982e02081d92ee | |
As a result of these participants coming from various backgrounds, they also had differing levels of education and knowledge in regard to sexual health; therefore, consistency of education provided to youths could not be guaranteed (McFayden 2004). | background | Methods | b66febc307f32ebec5225dc658c1777e3d81ded5 | fcafaa2bd9dd1cb5f57bff4437644ce9b813d962 |
The measurements were taken on a Morgan Benchmark lung function testing apparatus (PK Morgan ltd., Kent, England), and were done by the same technician and according to the standardized procedures of the European Respiratory Society (Quanjer et al. 1993; Cotes et al. 1993). | method | Methods | 4c894d266baeded800dd7a333ee7cc35404529aa | f6071a7862cdaff0686824bdc53ff0e9f293ce69 |
1998), to provide great £exibility in testing evolutionary hypotheses (Huelsenbeck & Rannala 1997), and simply to give excellent results in the inference of evolutionary relationships (Kuhner & Felsenstein 1994; Huelsenbeck 1995). Constraints imposed by computational complexity are becoming less restrictive as computer... | background | a1f8b013b71d089af43911a37d22260e889e82c4 | e0cbb949d062a1134c4d98924f51312090e76514 | |
A simple, yet high performing approach for mapping a given surface form (Nell subject/objects in our case), to its corresponding DBpedia (or Wikipedia) entity is to link to its most frequent candidate entity Mihalcea and Csomai (2007). Even though this approach does not take any context information into account, it has... | background | 6.2.1 Frequency-based Entity Linking | d76876495f20493243bb862fce467534226c8bd5 | 28db8ff78fd0596dcac6b8190390f7eb41ea9d3f |
Conditional deletion of CTC1 from mice leads to rapid and catastrophic telomere attrition, early entry into senescence, and signs of telomeric replication defects, such as fragile telomeres and inefficient restart of stalled telomeric replication forks (Gu et al., 2012). | background | Introduction | cf8ab9516fa05da66e8b291d4242ec04f9123759 | e93a950210fb3f5cf13dab18f70dd99b83b010ed |
The range of the peak latencies in all studied muscles was consistent with the values reported in studies of human walking (Duysens et al. 1996; Van Wezel et al. 1997) and running (Tax et al. 1995). | result | Results | fcf1dee673578d7e8b218257edb0e8e95423f70e | 779922b2a247f297a83ce9f748a44f24664995ea |
Finally, the majority of the related literature focuses on well-developed, Western economies, and yet most of the world’s entrepreneurs live in developing economies (Barkema et al. 2015, Gollin 2002). | background | Methodology | b930c67f3b6e594ca250a958b22558e8d56cabe0 | bea62112279a43963444c6633834646e7b617b6f |
Hence the suggestion that BDNF is in someway involved in their pathophysiology (Karege et al., 2005; Neumeister et al., 2005; Tan et al., 2005). | background | 1. Introduction | f6eb167965d2a7739be6e2aaed5dc1954171a9ee | 0ce8e68bcfa8477fcc84a637dd3785781653ccb8 |
Introduction of HDAC4-specific siRNA significantly inhibited denervation-induced atrophy (Figure 1A) as was also shown previously (Moresi et al., 2010). | result | fc2fa61db68563e26daafe962633ab2b7e8e8b3d | 18dba91edf38fe354fd3a1123737185c841be419 | |
regard to hip fracture, has been reported in other countries in the region including Russia [7], Georgia, Kazakhstan, and | background | Methods | c1610436dc8142e0b54a17f83bc5c90c85a13055 | 27acf1ea124a2e727ee60dbe37f983c25c82c1e6 |
The three parameters were based on the gesture coding system created by Church and Goldin-Meadow (1986): (a) shape of a hand gesture, (b) motion of a hand gesture, and (c) placement of a hand gesture. | method | Method | 3cb202ba8a32e2a46224143e4d8c51940c12040c | 7692234b9da12db49774a1a5c355e68c9003cd21 |
These findings, together with the results obtained previously for the PRPH I group (Zola-Morgan et al., 1989~) arc discussed below. | background | Discussion | 3ef1e1a61d48578f6a363bbc570a838a64eb1010 | 4ba39833cf7f40dbff3a169d79dc7312113586d0 |
[2] would result in 273 (24%; 95% CI, 22%– 27%) of 1127 patients being screened and treated, including both of the patients with IA. | background | RESULTS | a42da1ce9099efd398b549925dc770bf25e07b21 | d667b306dcd2badf6b37970c3cb63b4b8512d9bf |
Microstructural elements such as ‘tufts’—hypocalcified, protein-filled fissures that emanate into the enamel from the enamel–dentin junction [1, 27, 28]—are likely to have a strong influence on where radial and margin cracks initiate, by providing favored starting points for fractures [12, 21]. | background | 4 Discussion | 5ec74cf790f36cea4d8d254e81221373a4c500e5 | 98877ff30111711d91962a800d00ab211e2bc609 |
Runx1 is expressed in IAHCs of mouse (North et al., 2002), Xenopus (CiauUitz et al., 2000) zebrafish (Lam et al., 2010) and chicken (Richard et al., 2013) embryo and is required for their proper emergence (Chen et al., 2009; North et al., 1999) during EHT (Chen et al., 2009). | background | INTRODUCTION | 97624f3ef1ad9a3551094969205e1c5a4c397c1c | 295cd438c7643cf2614c159dfb6c3427cf768732 |
Only in Gávea Park (Parque da Gávea), Rio de Janeiro city (see Esbérard, 2003; Esbérard and Bergallo, 2008b), a similar result was obtained, in which M. molossus outnumbered a frugivorous species. | result | 4. Discussion | 0e42a8b0c3b1f40f00a00fdded40aac605e89595 | None |
It can also partly account for the conflicting results of previous studies [11–13] because it predicts that memory capacity of objects will decline as three or more attributes are involved. | result | Discussion | b265db4043e7f11febf02a10ed06c2e0362ddbf3 | 1645add8bd0a9224641b20ae18f3cd2d781d8a54 |
It was also shown that Kp-54 and Kp-10 could stimulate primary pancreas cells to secret insulin (Hauge-Evans et al., 2006; Wahab et al., 2011). | background | INTRODUCTION | 13bd908f6b2f3d555aa206ab035990e95727256c | 3d0f858f907901d2f3a4c943248d2555a1a03434 |
We also optionally exploit recent advances in semantic segmentation by including features produced by a deep neural network trained for semantic segmentation for the PASCAL dataset [52]. | method | 6.1. Implementation details | 4bb84c9b24456fb0bb920ca83280bd9c48ad4b66 | 39978ba7c83333475d6825d0ff897692933895fc |
Differentiation of myoblasts, which involves the cessation of division, expression of muscle contractile proteins and fusion to form syncitial muscle fibres, occurs in a proximal-to-distal sequence beginning at stage 25 (Hilfer et al., 1973; Sweeney et al., 1989). | background | INTRODUCTION | d926fa2cd55ca598a9c68ac36fb294fac922448a | 4230265497f2a806cbfd9bc08bbbf22cac4ce3cc |
After introducing IKAS with a relatively low calcium affinity, APD is shortened when Cai transient is large, resulting in negative Cai-Vm coupling and electromechanically discordant alternans (Kennedy et al., 2017). | method | Sex differences in SK2 channels | 57f3ea4b5b6dc86750ca72fc33040b0ca684fb04 | 0073ca1c9f85b23520e8b3c53f146533f6fe68a6 |
During infection, C. neoformans cells of varying cell body size and capsule size are observed (Feldmesser et al., 2001; Okagaki et al., 2010; Zaragoza et al., 2010; Alanio et al., 2015). | background | Discussion | cf627c9411e3bf3e67f23df5d5741ed48490a152 | 3d2c9ed378b475d7b8c2497ee35c17cb4397c3b4 |
Scores below the main diagonal are computed according our proposed method and scores above the main diagonal are belong to [6]. | method | 6 Evaluation | b35a994f6fcbca41fed1a923c4898865969c0d1f | 084a9458973c1c5996891b4713249fe19b432139 |
DIMM is a key regulator of expression of the neuropeptide biosynthetic enzyme, peptidylglycine-a-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) (Park et al. 2008), and it promotes the differentiation of neurosecretory properties in many neurons (Hamanaka et al. 2010). | background | P | 1cbcfbc11d99483d2014d799aee0414aaf297ceb | 10562221fb30bcea3940dedef5fcc54db2822595 |
• Multiple scheduler support: It is known that the performance of BP decoding heavily depends on the scheduling [3]. | background | C. Salient Features of the Proposed Decoder Architecture | f781c198aa27cadfaeb6537e454dbb507ccc776d | 1682be6f1a8359b4657819b4806cfdeda33b64eb |
…cortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia including the caudate and putamen (Bengtsson et al., 2009; Coull et al., 2004, 2008; Grahn and McAuley, 2009; Harrington et al., 1998, 2010; Lewis and Miall, 2003; McAuley et al., 2012; Morillon et al., 2009; Nenadic et al., 2003; Rao et al., 2001; Schwartze… | background | Introduction | fc8856c4221faeafe4e5a56392f407d1d4b0b0d4 | 3378b44667112016c4e125a52975de70dff8aad9 |
Although PPH is one of the most important types of autonomic failure in patients with PD (Jansen and Lipsitz 1995; Loew et al. 1995; Umehara et al. 2014) and related disorders (Hakusui et al. | background | Introduction | 3874a1098d1e34b107a9c4ba1a1e200070de15b0 | 7d253f083d75e9cba4af91751451b379fb5c37a3 |
Our results confirm the important role of themedial temporal lobe network in the processing of emotional stimuli [5,6,7] and are consistent with evidence that refractoriness of theMTLEmay result in dysfunction of that network [26–29]. | result | 4. Discussion | efd27b067552d9a58702a63b0724ec52b309719c | 84ea651e58aa63221f62d1a58a8e6c5e4ff1680c |
Although the direct methanol extraction used in the present study has been proven to be suitable for the extraction of resveratrol from several transgenic plants (Szankowski et al., 2003; Zhu et al., 2004; Rühmann et al., 2006), resveratrol has not been found in methanol or acetone extracts of strawberry (Aharoni et al... | background | Results and discussion | 440a87ddd8a44f8cb07d36f87eeff32bc8425b28 | a7dbee568a136baf5661953a3870c5a64ae138aa |
Although South American Pleistocene climate changes have been demonstrated not to be the only driver of speciation (e.g. Hoorn et al. 2010; Rull 2011), they have influenced the historical demography and distribution of some species in South America. | background | Results and discussion | 2b80f65e936e58979de232164026543edb2a79e8 | 8f01119d68d6a980ec1608e905be6e4f58cb328a |
Some authors therefore advocate a combined approach using a Caldwell Luc approach together with an endoscopic procedure in select cases [3, 12]. | method | Introduction | ce1e8a58d414724e9c73a7d152ef3242903925bf | 2b5e5d9dc90e959e3e2b00cb1de475864931b827 |
Recently, RNAi has been proposed as a method for the rapid screening of tick-protective antigens (de la Fuente et al. 2005, 2007c). | method | Results and discussion | 00eea3644491b0fcf74c49aa211fa2a24a6e3d3e | 2271b873cf8e52856c38eae82751d2b1421007c5 |
The rate of change in diagnosis marking was analyzed with regression analysis followed by t-test (GLM procedure of Sigma Plot 10.0 Statistical Software, Systat Software Inc.,Richmond, CA, USA) [20, 21]. | method | Methods | d8c864a4aa8110247168039b488bc42de92bb7f7 | b2d0f0d999f1eeb8f5d7d29f5e154891534e58b9 |
Concentrations of cosmogenic nu-
clides in river-born sand (Safran et al. 2005) and suspended loads of sediments (Bourges et al. 1990; Aalto et al. 2006) yield erosion rates between 0.04 and 1.35 mm/yr on millennial to decadal timescales. | background | Setting | 636476286d6a98b5f782732d169bf431fec94b7f | 2fe7a659d8ce9e6f024cebdf27511c8355c6ec10 |
The relatively few fungi that are able to infect developing seeds will be detected, or if culturable, isolated, as seed-infecting fungi (Shipunov et al., 2008; Newcombe et al., 2009). | background | Introduction | 5ddd341c20f323d736e9b3899ad20561c9bdbeea | 8f2cfced117e54b3e1ba97b0e43f34e0ec747952 |
…thus making the effects of largemouth bass indistinguishable from those of the other experimental manipulations (Hrbáček et al., 1961; Shapiro & Wright, 1984;
365
Wagner, 1986; Carpenter et al., 1987, Hanson & Butler, 1990; Hanson & Butler, 1994a, b; McQueen et al., 2001; Albright et al., 2004). | background | Discussion | 0ebc4128400125a8c07a09d3c89fc730a4a21338 | 30ee4210a90728acec437b9c0f6f66b57f34d903 |
Both the baseline assessment and the followup assessment included the measurement of the health related quality of life by the Physical Component Summary measure (PCS) and the Mental Component Summary measure (MCS) of the Short Form-36 (SF-36) score [24–26]; basic ADL functioning by the Care Dependency Scale (CDS) [27]... | method | Methods | c65e6f73eef1611b0dbf94e8ce118f0e96195a8c | 07eaeec838b1e1a69fbfab9a81a83873cb87d3b7 |
, 2006), the pro-hypertrophic effects of FGF23 on cardiac myocytes were blocked by pharmacologic inhibition of phospholipase Cg (PLCg) and calcineurin (Faul et al., 2011). | background | INTRODUCTION | 901077d4ad9080b04cc178eea5c459a75ca79bdd | 4e3427bd6cc0dd0290be6c146b46bda6ad05403f |
In this section we describe the technique employed in [12] and highlight the untapped opportunity to obtain better performance for the proposed SC design by decreasing the granularity of classification from page level to cache block level. | method | 2. Background and Motivation | 586db52bed2b3e31e6d386da64cc09f93d6b6032 | 0ed62848d5c9e01f692c0c0b3851848ac7bb0764 |
…stages of AD, neuropathologic changes are already present in medial temporal regions (hippocampal formations, parahippocampal gyrus, and entorhinal cortex), areas which are critical for long-term episodic memory (Blennow, de Leon, & Zetterberg, 2006; Morris et al., 2001; Sarazin et al., 2010). | background | Introduction | 9462acef826a6b495fe8fb281660ee4418bb840e | 21aaceb3fc27e8cc831e25191d967daa0d8962bf |
We also investigate the network implementation of the three decoding methods, following the idea of Pouget et al. (Deneve, Latham, & Pouget, 1999; Pouget & Zhang, 1997; Pouget et al., 1998). | method | 1 Introduction | 808479d5e6444570fbbe20eac0ebbb2d40880804 | 421e726061a05c40f3d488b6b5189cc5de0b36f1 |
5% of the genes and/or EST contained on our microarray being susceptible to the roughly 4-fold enhanced DNA methyltransferase activity conferred by Dnmt3amERe, which is reminiscent of the finding that the methylation-status of the vast majority of CpG islands in SV40-transformed human fibroblasts was unaffected despite... | background | Discussion | 444ea3edc150e6b66721ed8fff7c9e3c790a9170 | 767b0341e5368aee88a6d442bf86ce496941fe92 |
Previous studies have been done to address above relationships (Siegrist et al. 2007). | background | Introduction | 374ea9e57080f052207cf4670c270a0fab22aa94 | 020fbe47aa5d100ab9ab8a4f10bd44bebc07c31f |
For the patients in the register cohort, except those diagnosed in Stockholm prior to 1999, stage, treatment, and relapse information were gathered from two clinical data sources: the National Database of HL [18, 19] (1992–2009, covering all regions except Stockholm) and the Swedish Lymphoma Register in the Information... | method | Methods | 8c75cae69a6bc13618024b79253ffd286a627afc | 452fb75443801d2ae6cd3d47ec3551f0c8abf7a8 |
In the fast-twitch muscle of hypothyroid rats, shifting to a slow direction by CLFS increased the expression of myogenin with unaltered MyoD levels (37). | background | DISCUSSION | 4eb6aabf4a83c5b387ec2100903a4f6a13692d3c | 76906b57e60b1ae19a4e70625fa8ee2ca60bdcef |
Furthermore, our results substantiate recent findings implying that SFs differ significantly from fibroblasts isolated from other types of tissues in their capacity to modulate the inflammatory response (51). | result | DISCUSSION | 021ff510b5e734e249b96b87dd00badc56c511f0 | ca632204298133d5c8a126bcf8c0c35c250e0f18 |
The initial report demonstrating that hCaf1 interacts with PRMT1 and regulates its methyltransferase activity suggested that Ccr4-Not plays a role in PRMT1-dependent processes [42]. | background | Discussion | dd8d095f7e8e1baa87140a82ef14c0f7a6e295af | 31a04960aea90f6f8897a8b84dcb446e99f969f1 |
Since these applications rely on the dynamical behaviors of the equilibrium point of the CGNNs, it is very important to investigate the stability of CGNNs and a large number of results have been discussed, see [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]. | background | 6e908a4cb359da05fd2488a074be513817179b6a | 3e2cc7f92250ec8951fdb55edab9bbbcfed4bf95 | |
Our choice of studying CFI in higher detail is based on several considerations: (i) CFI represents one of the hallmarks of metazoan CPA composition, (ii) it affects APA reactions in vitro [28,29], (iii) its molecular structure is well understood in mammals [20], and (iv) one of its members, CFI25, was shown to be invol... | background | Results and Discussion | 18b5d6aa68663567b248c433816148e52cb9904f | 846c55bbc11942fdda61f841697460fd39e5485a |
These conditions could be due lesions in either cortical (Iansek et al. 2001; Tyrrell 1994) or subcortical areas (Thompson and Marsden 1987). | background | Introduction | f611d2056d624c99bfca4a24a5f40db86f9774b6 | 5cd93e5c5f1061ec925ea72784c13c9becad8bd7 |
The network merging component was implemented using the NetworkX 2 Python library which can be natively integrated into the Bio3graph workflow in Orange4WS [32]. | method | 2.2 Implementation | 898a292dd2994b3dfdd9a6ee6110645a8bfb4bc5 | 7e08e77139a4f0500cd6b5591e69ea01fef50948 |
For example, administration of a glucose load and a liquid formula meal have been associated with substantial decreases in neuronal activity using fMRI [83, 91, 142]. | method | Methods | ec97c26ebf27140a496382516648a9f538de480c | fdeb5957430d2ccc2370999898aa49d0c4af7a7a |
This is in agreement with previous work investigating the effects of rTMS on simple motor behavior (Wassermann et al., 1996; Chen et al., 1997; Pascual Leone et al., 1998; Muellbacher et al., 2000; Rossi et al., 2000). | result | Behavioral data | 21dbf449ff5b39e1dc4b65fb87eaa7e8abc3ae83 | b8d851c0cdeb3996ce634a2f75c9f30bd91389cb |
Overexpression of miR-218 inhibits cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion [24, 26, 27], and promotes colon cancer cell apoptosis [28]. | background | Discussion | 0033de421321008be8d988394c263f4cd7ef7470 | bf0ddc8ee1fec1abaf823cd1893e60ffc67a7eaa |
nigriventer where the Tx4 family toxins have been identified as responsible for this activity [19] along with other different arachnids such as the scorpion Centruroides edwardsii [29]. | background | 3. Discussion | d937bc4d0722d5b45366b3c4dfde4732224bc048 | 9200a75534f44836ca7651c9d63d11b884947fa6 |
The recommended diet was formulated by Excel Eiyo-kun software version 4.0–6.0 for Food Frequency Questionnaire, which analyzes each participant’s diet information collected on the Food Frequency Questionnaire Based on Food Groups version 2.0–3.5 (KENPAKUSHA, Tokyo, Japan). | method | Methods | 9d101863796a40c63d15ba2ee65783fccb5b7832 | bf80e553162107c0a22fabc1df023f6c5fb65465 |
The highest deposition of Fe in soil could be due to its long-term use in the production of machine tools, paints, pigments and alloying in various industries of the study area that may contaminate soil (Yadav et al. 2013). | background | Results and discussion | a987290394cf4476ea4f55f3f7bb427ff5cebf34 | 0c610357d8682ecc3239863bf0ccf9c8d9090381 |
…have developed a communication robot called Robovie that autonomously interacts with humans
by making gestures and utterances as a child’s freeplay (Kanda et al., 2004 a); however, Robovie is confronted with three major problems in elementary schools: 1) difficulties in sensing in the real world,… | background | 1 Introduction | 922f2fb5ebc5d7d8e08b087bdd4df2855bdd4b48 | 73f8d428fa37bc677d6e08e270336e066432c8c9 |
8 To validate the quality of our categorization, the next section discusses series of experiments that compare the performance of the vector space categorizati on approach with one of the top classifiers, Naïve-Bayes (Friedman et al., 1997). | method | 5dc34bf29597dd113904a13c9ea9b31e849f3ec4 | 4f7cdae160ebb452ef8bb9b54877df782427709e | |
Studies that assessed balance using the tandem gait or the Romberg test administered during neurological examinations indicated significantly poor standing balance in patients with schizophrenia compared to that of healthy subjects [3, 5, 6]. | background | Introduction | 76c8cb9463abbe856da88f7cd5f12687f320ffc8 | 752d87a228a5fb2b9a362191dc3463ce416ee7ab |
A basic state transition of a process instance has Initiated, Running, Suspended, Active, Terminated and Complete states [23] (seeFig. | background | 3.3 Dynamic weaving in workflow reference model | d64811007a2f7f3881605cba98313bd26019f2c5 | 0b218e425ca3f7f839154160c04e1a1bcc85d061 |
For monitoring purposes, the investigator also determined the polyp score (PS) based on the size of polyps at the first and last visits [14]. | method | 2. Methods | f734aeb3350896d2fe164b4e6ec13f68da58a744 | 609766b88d93e216fd4ffdeebef47ad4adc495bb |
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