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### Instruction:
Does thalidomide prevent donor corneal graft neovascularization in an alkali burn model of corneal angiogenesis?
### Response:
| Thalidomide is an effective inhibitor of corneal angiogenesis and prolongs graft survival as measured by graft clarity in donor corneas in eyes with previous neovascularization secondary to alkali injury. |
### Instruction:
Does endogenous adenosine regulate neutrophil pro-inflammatory activities by cyclic AMP-dependent accelerated clearance of cytosolic calcium?
### Response:
| These results are compatible with a physiological role for adenosine in promoting deactivation of neutrophils, possibly by promoting cAMP-dependent clearance of Ca2+ from the cytosol of the cells by the endo-membrane Ca2+-ATPase. |
### Instruction:
Are beneficial effects of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition in pulmonary hypertension influenced by natriuretic Peptide activity?
### Response:
| The natriuretic peptide pathway influences the response to PDE5 inhibition in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, particularly its effects on RV hypertrophy and vascular remodeling. |
### Instruction:
Do thymidylate synthase and p53 expression in primary tumor predict chemotherapy outcome in metastatic colorectal carcinoma?
### Response:
| Immunohistochemical investigation of TS and p53 of the primary tumour is not useful to predict the outcome of palliative chemotherapy in ACRC. Instead, TS can be regarded as a marker for prediction of time to recurrence. |
### Instruction:
Does heart rate increase linearly in response to acute isovolemic anemia?
### Response:
| In 95 unmedicated, healthy humans, heart rate was a linear function of Hb during acute isovolemic anemia. Females had a significantly greater slope of increase in heart rate with decreasing Hb concentration than did males. The relationship is consistent among individuals, is similar to that reported for conscious dogs, and differs from that found previously in anesthetized humans. |
### Instruction:
Is food production and wastage in relation to nutritional intake in a general district hospital -- wastage reduced by training the staff?
### Response:
| Despite a supply of food, which was much higher than the patients' needs, the patients have only approx. 60% of their energy need covered. We suggest a reorganization of nutrition in hospitals, so that this is made the responsibility of specific staff members. |
### Instruction:
Does peroral tramadol premedication increase postoperative nausea and delays home-readiness in day-case knee arthroscopy patients?
### Response:
| Preoperatively given slow-release tramadol is ineffective for reduction of postoperative pain after day-case arthroscopy of the knee. Additionally, preoperative tramadol is associated with higher incidence of PONV and it seems to cause delay in the patient's home-readiness. |
### Instruction:
Does e2F1 expression predict outcome in Korean women who undergo surgery for breast carcinoma?
### Response:
| E2F1 may be a potential prognostic and predictive factor for clinical outcome and therapeutic results following adjuvant chemotherapy in HRNBC patients. |
### Instruction:
Is hepatitis C virus-associated thrombocytopenia related to serum thrombopoietin levels?
### Response:
| An impaired TPO production did not explain the development of thrombocytopenia in HCV and other mechanisms must be involved. |
### Instruction:
Is transient receptor potential ankyrin receptor 1 a novel target for pro-tussive agents?
### Response:
| A novel pro-tussive pathway involves the TRPA1 channel, expressed by capsaicin-sensitive airway sensory nerves and is activated by a series of exogenous (cigarette smoke) and endogenous irritants. These results suggest TRPA1 may be a novel target for anti-tussive medicines. |
### Instruction:
Does hyperlipidaemia induced by a high-cholesterol diet lead to the deterioration of guanosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate/protein kinase G-dependent cardioprotection in rats?
### Response:
| This is the first demonstration that defects in the cardioprotective cGMP-PKG system could be a critical biochemical anomaly in hyperlipidaemia. |
### Instruction:
Does haem oxygenase-1 induction protect against tumour necrosis factor alpha impairment of endothelial-dependent relaxation in rat isolated pulmonary artery?
### Response:
| Induction of HO-1 protected against TNFalpha impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation in pulmonary artery, by a mechanism involving a reduction in inducible NO synthase-derived NO production. |
### Instruction:
Are high systolic and pulse pressure levels associated with better cognitive performance in patients with probable Alzheimer 's disease : a cross-sectional observational study in a geriatric outpatient population?
### Response:
| Higher systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure were associated with a better cognitive test performance. Patients with probable AD and 2 or more cardiovascular diagnoses had lower MMSE scores. |
### Instruction:
Is serum carboxymethyl-lysine , a dominant advanced glycation end product , associated with chronic kidney disease : the Baltimore longitudinal study of aging?
### Response:
| Serum CML, a dominant AGE, is independently associated with CKD and eGFR. |
### Instruction:
Does kIT ligand and bone morphogenetic protein signaling enhance human embryonic stem cell to germ-like cell differentiation?
### Response:
| From these studies, we establish that KITL and BMP4 germ cell signaling affects in vitro formation of hESC derived germ-like cells and we suggest that they may play an important role in normal human germ cell development. |
### Instruction:
Is defective O-glycosylation due to a novel homozygous S129P mutation associated with lack of fibroblast growth factor 23 secretion and tumoral calcinosis?
### Response:
| Our data for the first time directly show that FGF23 mutations associated with HFTC impair O-glycosylation in vitro resulting in poor secretion of the mutant hormone thereby explaining the characteristic hyperphosphatemic phenotype of homozygous carriers in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Does mild sleep restriction acutely reduce plasma glucagon levels in healthy men?
### Response:
| Our data show that mild restriction of nocturnal sleep to 4.5 h has a reducing effect on circulating glucagon levels. This finding provides further evidence for the notion that glucose homeostasis is sensitive to subtle changes in sleep duration. |
### Instruction:
Is hypercortisolemia associated with severity of bone loss and depression in hypothalamic amenorrhea and anorexia nervosa?
### Response:
| Hypercortisolemia is a potential mediator of bone loss and mood disturbance in these disorders. |
### Instruction:
Does an eight-gene blood expression profile predict the response to infliximab in rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| The present 8-gene model obtained from whole blood expression efficiently predicts response to infliximab in RA patients. The application of the present system in the clinical setting could assist the clinician in the selection of the optimal treatment strategy in RA. |
### Instruction:
Does vEGF and EMMPRIN expression correlate with survival of patients with osteosarcoma?
### Response:
| According to our study, the overexpression of VEGF or EMMPRIN may be an important feature of osteosarcoma. A combined detection of VEGF/EMMPRIN co-expression may benefit us in prediction of a poor survival of osteosarcoma. |
### Instruction:
Does heparin concentration-based anticoagulation for cardiac surgery fail to reliably predict heparin bolus dose requirements?
### Response:
| The Hepcon HMS Plus system poorly estimates heparin bolus requirements in the pre-CPB period. Further prospective studies are needed to elucidate what constitutes adequate anticoagulation for CPB and how clinicians can reliably and practically assess anticoagulation in the operating room. |
### Instruction:
Are serial prostate biopsies associated with an increased risk of erectile dysfunction in men with prostate cancer on active surveillance?
### Response:
| Serial prostate biopsies appear to have an adverse effect on erectile function in men with prostate cancer on active surveillance but do not affect lower urinary tract symptoms. |
### Instruction:
Does pre-treatment with glutamine attenuate lung injury in rats subjected to intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion?
### Response:
| Ischaemia-reperfusion injury increases the expression of ICAM-1 in the lung. This may contribute to the migration, accumulation and activation of neutrophils. Pre-treatment with Gln attenuates rat lung injury and reduces ICAM-1 expression. |
### Instruction:
Do blood dendritic cells in systemic lupus erythematosus exhibit altered activation state and chemokine receptor function?
### Response:
| The phenotypic and migratory disturbances observed in SLE blood DCs could result in altered distribution of DCs in peripheral tissues, contributing to dysregulated immune responses and autoimmunity. |
### Instruction:
Is epistaxis of patients admitted in the emergency department indicative of underlying arterial hypertension?
### Response:
| Although studies with larger series of patients are mandatory, epistaxis does not seem to result from underlying arterial hypertension. |
### Instruction:
Does [ P38MAPK pathway regulate COX-2 and caspase-3 expression in a mouse model of Parkinson disease ]?
### Response:
| P38MAPK regulates the inflammation and apoptosis in the SN of the mouse model of subacute PD, and SB203580 may provide some neuroprotective effect. |
### Instruction:
Is the osteogenic response of undifferentiated human mesenchymal stem cells ( hMSCs ) to mechanical strain inversely related to body mass index of the donor?
### Response:
| The osteogenic marker genes were all statistically significantly upregulated by CTS, which was accompanied by a significant increase in cell-based ALP activity. Linear correlation analysis revealed that there was a significant correlation between phenotypic CTS response and the body mass index of the donor (r = -0.91, p < 0.001) and phenotypic CTS response was also significantly related to leptin levels (r = -0.68) and estradiol levels (r = 0.67) within the bone marrow microenvironment of the donor. Such an upstream imprinting process mediated by factors tightly related to the donor's fat metabolism, which hampers the mechanosensitivity of hMSCs in obese patients, may be of pathogenetic relevance for the complications associated with obesity that are seen in orthopedic surgery. |
### Instruction:
Is rituximab-mediated cell signaling and chemo/immuno-sensitization of drug-resistant B-NHL independent of its Fc functions?
### Response:
| These findings reveal that rituximab-mediated inhibition of intracellular signaling pathways and leading to chemo/immuno-sensitization of resistant B-NHL is Fc independent. |
### Instruction:
Are tumor-derived tissue factor-bearing microparticles associated with venous thromboembolic events in malignancy?
### Response:
| We conclude that tumor-derived tissue factor-bearing microparticles are associated with VTE in cancer patients and may be central to the pathogenesis of cancer-associated thrombosis. |
### Instruction:
Does surface protein EF3314 contribute to virulence properties of Enterococcus faecalis?
### Response:
| EF3314 is a newly described, surface exposed protein that contributes to the virulence properties of E. faecalis. |
### Instruction:
Does posterior displacement of the tibia increase in deep flexion of the knee?
### Response:
| Posterior displacement was larger in the lateral compartment at both flexion angles with manual posterior stress. As the knees flexed from 90 degrees to 135 degrees , posterior displacement became larger in the lateral compartment. |
### Instruction:
Is signet ring cell histology an independent predictor of poor prognosis in gastric adenocarcinoma regardless of tumoral clinical presentation?
### Response:
| This study is currently the best evidence showing that SRC is a major and independent predictor of poor prognosis due to specific characteristics such as more infiltrating tumors showing affinity for lymphatic tissue accompanied by a higher rate of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Our results suggest the need for a specific therapeutic strategy for such tumors. |
### Instruction:
Does progressive chondrocyte death after impact injury indicate a need for chondroprotective therapy?
### Response:
| These data showing progressive chondrocyte death after impact injury at energies insufficient to fracture the cartilage surface demonstrate a potential need for early chondroprotective therapy. |
### Instruction:
Do beta2 integrins modulate the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice?
### Response:
| beta2 integrin-mediated interaction between leucocytes and the vessel wall is a time-dependent and dynamic process. During the initiation phase, it protects against atherosclerotic lesion formation. However, with the evolution of the lesion and chronic exposure to dyslipidaemia, beta2 integrins' pro-atherogenic action becomes dominant, accelerating the atherosclerotic process. |
### Instruction:
Does complete loss of murine Xin result in a mild cardiac phenotype with altered distribution of intercalated discs?
### Response:
| Total Xin deficiency leads to topographical ID alterations, premature fibrosis and subtle changes in contractile behaviour; this is a milder cardiac phenotype than that observed in XinAB(-/-) mice, which still can express XinC. Together with the finding that XinC is detected solely in cardiomyopathic human tissues, this suggests that its expression is responsible for the stronger dominant phenotype in XinAB(-/-) mice. Furthermore, it indicates that XinC may be involved in the development of human cardiac hypertrophy. |
### Instruction:
Are self-reported sleep duration and sleep disturbance independently associated with cortisol secretion in the Whitehall II study?
### Response:
| Short sleep duration and increased sleep disturbances are independently associated with diurnal slope in cortisol secretion of a large community-based cohort of middle-aged men and women. |
### Instruction:
Does dAZL relieve miRNA-mediated repression of germline mRNAs by controlling poly ( A ) tail length in zebrafish?
### Response:
| Our present study indicated that DAZL acts as an "anti-miRNA factor" during vertebrate germ cell development. Our data also suggested that miRNA-mediated regulation can be modulated on specific target mRNAs through the poly(A) tail control. |
### Instruction:
Do in situ cytotoxic and memory T cells predict outcome in patients with early-stage colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| The combined analysis of CD8(+) plus CD45RO(+) cells in specific tumor regions could provide a useful criterion for the prediction of tumor recurrence and survival in patients with early-stage colorectal cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does metabolic response of tomato leave upon different plant-pathogen interactions?
### Response:
| NMR metabolomics is a potent platform to analyse the compounds involved in different plant infections. A broad response to different pathogenic infections was revealed at metabolomic levels in the plant. Also, metabolic specificity against each pathogen was observed. |
### Instruction:
Does anxiety predict poor perceived health in patients with an implantable defibrillator?
### Response:
| Identifying and supporting ICD patients with various anxiety symptoms is important. Future research should examine the differential predictive value of different forms of anxiety toward medical endpoints as well as possible interventions for disease-related anxiety. |
### Instruction:
Is c-reactive protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid associated with markers of airway inflammation after lung transplantation?
### Response:
| The current data corroborate a possible role for CRP in airway inflammation after LT. Its importance for BOS should therefore be further elucidated. |
### Instruction:
Do subgingival bacterial colonization profiles correlate with gingival tissue gene expression?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that the microbial content of the periodontal pocket is a determinant of gene expression in the gingival tissues and provide new insights into the differential ability of periodontal species to elicit a local host response. |
### Instruction:
Are specific secretory phase endometrial leukocytes of women with two and more consecutive idiopathic abortions significantly different from healthy controls?
### Response:
| This study suggests that the concentrations of specific endometrial leukocytes in a non-pregnant cycle are not associated with repeated pregnancy loss. Thus, the hypothesis of an altered endometrial immunity in patients with repeated miscarriages, symbolized by persistently differing local immune-cell concentrations, has to be questioned. |
### Instruction:
Does study of human RIG-I polymorphisms identify two variants with an opposite impact on the antiviral immune response?
### Response:
| Hence, this study characterized P(229)fs and S(183)I SNPs as major functional RIG-I variants and potential genetic determinants of viral susceptibility. This work also demonstrated that serine 183 is a residue that critically regulates RIG-I-induced antiviral signaling. |
### Instruction:
Is the interferon-induced helicase IFIH1 Ala946Thr polymorphism associated with type 1 diabetes in both the high-incidence Finnish and the medium-incidence Hungarian populations?
### Response:
| This study represents the first independent confirmation of the association between type 1 diabetes and the IFIH1 gene in Hungarian and Finnish populations. Summarising the data published so far, a clear association between the Ala946Thr polymorphism and type 1 diabetes was detected, with an apparent difference in the contribution to disease susceptibility in different populations of European ancestry. |
### Instruction:
Is tIMP-2 gene polymorphism associated with intracerebral hemorrhage?
### Response:
| We investigated a SNP 261 base pairs upstream of the start codon in exon 1 of TIMP-2. Our data suggest that carriers of homozygosity for allele A are at increased risk of developing intracerebral hemorrhage. |
### Instruction:
Are post-stroke depressive symptoms associated with post-stroke characteristics?
### Response:
| This is the largest study that investigated the prevalence and risk factors of PSDS by carefully excluding patients with depressive symptoms shortly before stroke. PSDS were not related to lesion side or location, but to the degree of post-stroke handicap and functional independence. Early detection of PSDS and their risk factors might help to predict long-term outcome and could promote early interventions of (behavioral) rehabilitation treatment strategies. |
### Instruction:
Does simultaneous ring voice-over-Internet phone system enable rapid physician elicitation of explicit informed consent in prehospital stroke treatment trials?
### Response:
| The simultaneous ring system was reliable and effective, permitting enrollment of a substantial number of patients within the first hour after stroke onset. VOIP cellular networks with simultaneous ring are a preferred means of facilitating consent in prehospital treatment trials. |
### Instruction:
Is higher systolic blood pressure associated with increased water diffusivity in normal-appearing white matter?
### Response:
| The increase in MD without change in fractional anisotropy indicates that, in normal-appearing white matter, higher BP may be associated with increased extracellular fluid before any cytoarchitectural damage occurs. |
### Instruction:
Is topical photodynamic therapy immunosuppressive in humans?
### Response:
| Topical PDT induced significant immune suppression, which could impair local antitumour immune responses and may thus contribute to treatment failure. |
### Instruction:
Is long-term outcome of endoscopic dilatation in patients with Crohn 's disease affected by disease activity or medical therapy?
### Response:
| This largest series ever reported confirms that long term efficacy of endoscopic dilatation of Crohn's disease outweighs the complication risk. Neither active disease at the time of dilatation nor medical therapy afterwards predict recurrent dilatation or surgery. |
### Instruction:
Is genetic predisposition to elevated serum thyrotropin associated with exceptional longevity?
### Response:
| A heritable phenotype characterized by raised serum TSH is associated with human longevity. Carriers of rs12050077 and rs10149689 SNPs in the TSHR have higher serum TSH, possibly contributing to decreased thyroid function and longevity. |
### Instruction:
Is ventricular unloading associated with increased 20s proteasome protein expression in the myocardium?
### Response:
| Our data indicate that: (1) the UPS is depressed in CHF; and (2) this is reversed by ventricular unloading and associated with decreased cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, mean DNA content, and cell cycle regulatory proteins. The findings support the view that the UPS is involved in both the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy and "reverse cardiac remodeling" after ventricular unloading. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition on nutritional status and cellular immunity in burn patients ]?
### Response:
| Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients. |
### Instruction:
Do the MST1 and hMOB1 tumor suppressors control human centrosome duplication by regulating NDR kinase phosphorylation?
### Response:
| Our observations propose a novel pathway in control of human centriole duplication after recruitment of HsSAS-6 to centrioles. |
### Instruction:
Are arm/shoulder problems in breast cancer survivors associated with reduced health and poorer physical quality of life?
### Response:
| In BCSs, at four years after treatment, having ASP was associated with mastectomy, minimal physical activity and poorer physical QoL. Poor physical QoL is strongly associated with reduced shoulder abduction rather than with lymphedema. |
### Instruction:
Do total cholesterol and LDL levels decrease before rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| TC and LDL levels and the prevalence of abnormal TC or LDL measures decreased significantly during the 5 years before the RA incidence/index date in patients with RA as compared with the non-RA cohort. These trends in lipid profile in RA are unlikely to be solely due to lipid-lowering treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does efficient use of automatic exposure control systems in computed tomography require correct patient positioning?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that patient centering markedly affects the efficacy of AEC function and that tube current changes vary between scanners. Tube position when acquiring the scout projection radiograph is decisive for the direction of the mAs change. Off-center patient positions cause errors in tube current modulation that can outweigh the dose reduction gained by AEC use, and image quality is affected. |
### Instruction:
Is domain 3 of hepatitis C virus core protein sufficient for intracellular lipid accumulation?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that HCV core d3 is sufficient to mediate the accumulation of lipid by means of a mechanism that is independent of domains 1 and 2. Our results also suggest that altered lipid trafficking may be involved. |
### Instruction:
Do zonal chondrocyte subpopulations reacquire zone-specific characteristics during in vitro redifferentiation?
### Response:
| Chondrocytes isolated from the 3 zones of equine cartilage can restore their zone-specific matrix expression when cultured in alginate after in vitro expansion. |
### Instruction:
Does acute methadone treatment reduce myocardial infarct size via the delta-opioid receptor in rats during reperfusion?
### Response:
| These findings demonstrate that methadone and morphine produce similar myocardial IS-sparing effects that are delta-opioid receptor mediated and that are dependent on the duration of myocardial ischemia. |
### Instruction:
Are trunk muscle attributes associated with balance and mobility in older adults : a pilot study?
### Response:
| Trunk endurance and strength can be safely measured in mobility-limited older adults and are associated with both balance and mobility performance. Trunk endurance and trunk strength are physiologic attributes worthy of targeting in the rehabilitative care of mobility-limited older adults. |
### Instruction:
Do intratubular hydrodynamic forces influence tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the kidney?
### Response:
| In conclusion, intratubular biomechanical forces, stretch, and fluid shear stress generate changes in intracellular signaling and gene expression that contribute to the pathobiology of obstructive and nonobstructive kidney disease. |
### Instruction:
Does the glycoprotein Ibalpha-von Willebrand factor interaction induce platelet apoptosis?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that the GPIbalpha-VWF interaction induces apoptotic events in platelets, and that the association of 14-3-3zeta with the cytoplasmic domain of GPIbalpha is essential for apoptotic signaling. This finding may suggest a novel mechanism for platelet clearance or some thrombocytopenic diseases. |
### Instruction:
Is scarless healing of oral mucosa characterized by faster resolution of inflammation and control of myofibroblast action compared to skin wounds in the red Duroc pig model?
### Response:
| Earlier resolution of the inflammatory reaction and reduced wound contraction may promote scarless oral mucosal wound healing. In addition, scar formation likely depends not only on the number of myofibroblasts but also on the extracellular environment which regulates their function. |
### Instruction:
Are cYFRA21-1 and CEA useful markers for predicting the sensitivity to chemoradiotherapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| CYFRA21-1 and CEA may be helpful in predicting the responsiveness in ESCC of primary lesions to CRT, although the results should be confirmed in larger, more homogeneous studies. |
### Instruction:
Is poor dietary quality of complementary foods associated with multiple micronutrient deficiencies during early childhood in Mongolia?
### Response:
| Complementary feeding in Mongolia is compromised by deficits in several micronutrients but not energy, in part because of frequent consumption of non-nutritious snacks. The latter may interfere with breast-feeding and should be avoided. Instead, wheat-based complementary foods should be enriched with affordable cellular animal foods and fruits rich in vitamin C to combat existing micronutrient deficits. |
### Instruction:
Does upregulation of endothelin receptors A and B in the nitrofen induced hypoplastic lung occur early in gestation?
### Response:
| Altered expression of EDNRA and EDNRB is an early event in lung morphogenesis in the nitrofen model. We speculate that pulmonary arteries in CDH become excessively muscularised in early fetal life, becoming unable to adapt normally at birth. |
### Instruction:
Do polymorphonuclear leucocytes consume oxygen in sputum from chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia in cystic fibrosis?
### Response:
| The results demonstrate that CF sputum contains PMNs with an active consumption of O(2) for O(-)(2) production and suggest that the respiratory burst is ongoing and causes accelerated O(2) depletion due to formation of O(-)(2) in the lungs of chronically infected patients with CF. |
### Instruction:
Does tumour-targeted delivery of TRAIL using Salmonella typhimurium enhance breast cancer survival in mice?
### Response:
| These results show the pre-clinical utility of S. typhimurium as a TRAIL expression vector that effectively reduces tumour growth and extends host survival. |
### Instruction:
Is enhancement of muscle cell glucose uptake by medicinal plant species of Canada 's native populations mediated by a common , metformin-like mechanism?
### Response:
| The mechanism common to the seven products studied here is analogous to that of the antidiabetic drug Metformin. Of interest is the observation that metabolic stress need not be sustained in order to induce important adaptive responses. The results support the use of these products as culturally adapted treatments for insulin resistance and hyperglycemia in susceptible aboriginal populations where adherence to modern diabetes pharmaceuticals is an issue. The mechanism reported here may be widespread and mediate the antidiabetic activity of traditional remedies from various other cultures. |
### Instruction:
Does antiapoptotic seminal vesicle protein IV induce histamine release from human FcepsilonRI+ cells?
### Response:
| SV-IV protein induces in human FcepsilonRI+ cells the release of histamine, a proinflammatory, antiapoptotic and immunosuppressive biogenic amine. These data: (1) are consistent with the antiapoptotic and immunosuppressive properties of SV-IV; (2) confirm a regulatory feature of SV-IV on mammal inflammatory reactivity by either inhibiting the arachidonate cascade pathway or stimulating proinflammatory cytokine release from lymphocyte/monocytes and histamine from FcepsilonRI+ cells; (3) raise the possibility of a protective role of SV-IV on implanting hemiallogenic blastocysts against maternal reactive oxygen species and immunological attacks at the uterine implantation site. |
### Instruction:
Is soluble e-selectin an inverse and independent predictor of left ventricular wall thickness in end-stage renal disease patients?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that soluble E-selectin is inversely associated with the muscular component of the left ventricle, thereby suggesting that the lack of such a reparative factor may be associated with cardiac remodeling in ESRD patients. |
### Instruction:
Does dasatinib inhibit both osteoclast activation and prostate cancer PC-3-cell-induced osteoclast formation?
### Response:
| Dasatinib inhibits osteoclast differentiation of mouse primary bone marrow-derived monocytes and PC-3 cell-induced osteoclast differentiation. Dasatinib also inhibits osteoclast degradation activity. Inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and activity may be an effective targeted therapy in patients with prostate cancer bone metastases. |
### Instruction:
Do bone marrow-derived B cells preserve ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| Intramyocardial injection of B cells into early post-ischemic myocardium preserved cardiac function by cardiomyocyte salvage. Other BM MNC subtypes were either ineffective or suppressed cardioprotection conferred by an enriched B cell population. |
### Instruction:
Does optimal stent-sizing with intravascular ultrasound contribute to complete neointimal coverage after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation assessed by angioscopy?
### Response:
| Adequate stent sizing relative to the vessel size might contribute to the angioscopically complete neointimal coverage after SES implantation. |
### Instruction:
Is altered p53 and pRb expression predictive of response to BCG treatment in T1G3 bladder cancer?
### Response:
| This is the first study demonstrating that altered p53 and pRb expression are predictive of T1G3 BC response to BCG treatment. These findings provide grounds for inclusion and prospective validation of these markers in the decision-making process for treating BC. |
### Instruction:
Is there inadequate evidence to determine the effectiveness of nonpharmacological and nonsurgical interventions for hand osteoarthritis : an overview of high-quality systematic reviews?
### Response:
| In overviews, results are dependent on available systematic reviews. They are important tools to guide choice of interventions and locate areas where more research is needed, but they might not be useful for deciding specifically how interventions should be carried out. |
### Instruction:
Do atrogin-1 and MuRF1 regulate cardiac MyBP-C levels via different mechanisms?
### Response:
| These data suggest that atrogin-1 specifically targets truncated M7t-cMyBP-C, but not WT-cMyBP-C, for proteasomal degradation and that MuRF1 indirectly reduces cMyBP-C levels by regulating the transcription of MHC. |
### Instruction:
Is disruption of ST5 associated with mental retardation and multiple congenital anomalies?
### Response:
| Hence, the authors suppose that ST5 plays an important role in central nervous system development probably due to disturbance of DENN-domain-mediated vesicle formation and neurotransmitter trafficking. Thus, these findings implicate ST5 in the aetiology of mental retardation, seizures and multiple congenital anomalies. |
### Instruction:
Do cocaine-specific antibodies blunt the subjective effects of smoked cocaine in humans?
### Response:
| The TA-CD vaccine substantially decreased smoked cocaine's intoxicating effects in those generating sufficient antibody. These data support further testing of cocaine immunotherapy as a treatment for cocaine dependence. |
### Instruction:
Does uncoupling the D1-N-methyl-D-aspartate ( NMDA ) receptor complex promote NMDA-dependent long-term potentiation and working memory?
### Response:
| Our study showed a critical role of NMDA-D1 direct protein-protein interaction in NMDA receptor-mediated LTP and working memory and implicated the involvement of CaMKII in this process. |
### Instruction:
Does subgenual prefrontal cortex activity predict individual differences in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity across different contexts?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that activation in subgenual PFC may be related to HPA output across a variety of contexts (including familiar settings and novel or threatening situations). Individuals prone to elevated subgenual PFC activity across multiple contexts may be individuals who consistently show heightened cortisol and may be at risk for stress-related HPA dysregulation. |
### Instruction:
Does multidimensional Prognostic Index based on a comprehensive geriatric assessment predict short-term mortality in older patients with heart failure?
### Response:
| The MPI, calculated from information collected in a standardized comprehensive geriatric assessment, is useful to estimate the risk of 1-month mortality in older patients with heart failure. |
### Instruction:
Is preadipocyte factor-1 associated with marrow adiposity and bone mineral density in women with anorexia nervosa?
### Response:
| Pref-1 is elevated in AN. Pref-1, IGF-I, IGF-BP2 and leptin are associated with marrow adiposity and BMD. |
### Instruction:
Does pain severity in eating disorders predict longer inpatient hospitalization?
### Response:
| This is the first observation of a relationship between pain and health care utilization in eating disorders. The results imply that pain management is an important component of treatment. |
### Instruction:
Is outcome after device implantation in chronic heart failure dependent on concomitant medical treatment?
### Response:
| Our data stress the importance of professional monitoring and titration of pharmacotherapy not only in medically treated CHF patients but also in patients under device therapy by a heart failure unit or a specialized cardiologist. |
### Instruction:
Do a qualitative and quantitative analysis of protein substitution in human burn wounds?
### Response:
| Substitution of human protein solutions such as Biseko can result in significantly higher serum protein and albumin concentrations as well as lower infection parameters. Higher serum immunoglobulins could help to decrease potential immunodeficiency. |
### Instruction:
Does zinc deficiency impair wound healing of colon anastomosis in rats?
### Response:
| Our study constitutes the known negative effect of zinc deficiency on wound healing. Zinc deficiency significantly increased the activity of MMPs (2, 9, and 13), caused a reduced collagen type I/III ratio, and delayed cell proliferation and quality of intestinal wound healing. |
### Instruction:
Is rOS1 Asp2213Asn polymorphism associated with coronary artery disease in a Greek case-control study?
### Response:
| Our findings do not support the hypothesis that ROS1 rs529038 polymorphism is an important contributing factor in the etiology of CAD in the Greek population. |
### Instruction:
Is age-related deterioration in flexibility associated with health-related quality of life in nonagenarians?
### Response:
| These data suggest that upper body flexibility continues to decline during the 10th decade of life and has implications for influence on aspects of HRQL in this segment of the population. |
### Instruction:
Is maternal adnexal torsion in pregnancy associated with significant risk of recurrence?
### Response:
| Pregnant women are at risk for recurrent torsion, especially when the ovaries are enlarged and ultrasound studies demonstrate multiple cysts. Cyst aspiration may prevent recurrent torsion during the same pregnancy. |
### Instruction:
Do microrna-221 and microrna-222 modulate differentiation and maturation of skeletal muscle cells?
### Response:
| miR-221 and miR-222 have been found to be modulated during myogenesis and to play a role both in the progression from myoblasts to myocytes and in the achievement of the fully differentiated phenotype. Identification of miRNAs modulating muscle gene expression is crucial for the understanding of the circuits controlling skeletal muscle differentiation and maintenance. |
### Instruction:
Is pancreatic duct replication increased with obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans?
### Response:
| Pancreatic duct cell replication is increased in humans in response to both obesity and type 2 diabetes, potentially providing a mechanism for the increased risk of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer in those with obesity and/or type 2 diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Is renal phenotype of the cystinosis mouse model dependent upon genetic background?
### Response:
| Thus, the C57BL/6 strain represents the first Ctns(-/-) mouse model to show clear renal defects. In addition to highlighting the influence of genetic background on phenotype, the C57BL/6 Ctns(-/-) mice represent a useful model for further understanding cystinosin function in the kidney and, specifically, in the proximal tubules. |
### Instruction:
Does acute HPA axis response to naltrexone differ in female vs. male smokers?
### Response:
| The findings support the hypothesis that women are more sensitive to opioid antagonism at the level of the HPA axis. Although further studies are needed to examine mechanisms underlying these responses, both results may have clinical implications for the use of naltrexone as a treatment for nicotine dependence. |
### Instruction:
Does adenosine deaminase enzyme therapy prevent and reverses the heightened cavernosal relaxation in priapism?
### Response:
| Our studies have identified that PEG-ADA is a novel, safe, and mechanism-based drug to prevent and correct excess adenosine-mediated increased cavernosal relaxation seen in two independent priapic animal models, and suggested its therapeutic possibility in men suffering from priapism. |
### Instruction:
Does inhalation device allow novel administration of apomorphine in men with erectile dysfunction-efficacy and safety findings?
### Response:
| The VR004 system administers low apomorphine doses that are well tolerated without compromising efficacy. This route of administration ensures a rapid onset of action and reproducible efficacy and safety profiles. Inhaled apomorphine is therefore a potential first-line treatment for ED. |
### Instruction:
Is gRK5 Gln41Leu polymorphism associated with sensitivity to beta ( 1 ) -adrenergic blockade in humans?
### Response:
| The GRK5 Gln41Leu polymorphism does not affect sensitivity to the beta(1)-adrenergic blocker, atenolol, during acute physiological adrenergic stimulation, nor does it contribute to the ethnic differences in sensitivity to atenolol among black and Caucasian individuals. |
### Instruction:
Does array comparative genomic hybridization profiling analysis reveal deoxyribonucleic acid copy number variations associated with premature ovarian failure?
### Response:
| We report the first study of CNV analysis in a large cohort of Caucasian POF patients. In the eight statistically significant CNVs we report, we found five genes involved in reproduction, thus representing potential candidate genes in POF. The current study along with emerging information regarding CNVs, as well as data on their potential association with human diseases, emphasizes the importance of assessing CNVs in cohorts of POF women. |
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