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### Instruction:
Does isoflurane alter energy substrate metabolism to preserve mechanical function in isolated rat hearts following prolonged no-flow hypothermic storage?
### Response:
| Isoflurane provides additive protection of hearts subject to cardioplegic arrest and prolonged hypothermic no-flow storage and favorably alters energy substrate metabolism by modulating glycolysis during ischemia. The effects of isoflurane preconditioning on glycolysis during hypothermic no-flow storage appears to be associated with activation of mitochondrial K(atp) channels. |
### Instruction:
Is hepatic ischemia associated with an increase in liver parenchyma nitric oxide that is in part enzyme-independent?
### Response:
| Nitric oxide is present in liver parenchyma, and its generation is dramatically affected by an ischemia injury. The increased NO generation during local ischemia is, at least in part, independent of NO synthases. |
### Instruction:
Does cardiopulmonary bypass decrease G protein-coupled receptor kinase activity and expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells?
### Response:
| The CPB causes a profound decrease in mononuclear cell GRKs, and the recovery of these kinases on POD1 is quite variable. The significance of the variable recovery of GRKs after CPB and their potential role as a marker of clinical outcome deserves further investigation. |
### Instruction:
Does isoflurane decrease ATP sensitivity of guinea pig cardiac sarcolemmal KATP channel at reduced intracellular pH?
### Response:
| Changes in pHi appear to modulate isoflurane interaction with the cardiac K(atp) channel. At pHi 6.8, which itself facilitates channel opening, isoflurane enhances channel activity by increasing Po and reduces sensitivity to inhibition by ATP without changing the unitary amplitude of single channel current or the conductance. These results support the hypothesis of direct isoflurane-K(atp) channel interaction that may play a role in cardioprotection by volatile anesthetics. |
### Instruction:
Does restoration of teeth with more-viscous glass ionomer cement following radiation-induced caries?
### Response:
| In these high-caries risk patients the placement of more-viscous GICs appeared to prevent secondary caries, even when the restorations were subsequently lost. |
### Instruction:
Is a novel gene containing PDZ and LIM domains , PCD1 , overexpressed in human colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| The PCD1 gene may play a role in colorectal cancer development from adenomas. |
### Instruction:
Does relaxin cause proliferation of human amniotic epithelium by stimulation of insulin-like growth factor-II?
### Response:
| IGF-II and relaxin both caused the proliferation of WISH cells. Concurrent treatment with an IGF-II-blocking antibody abrogated the proliferative effects of both hormones. Relaxin increased the transcription of IGF-II, and its expression levels in the fetal membranes correlated with the membrane surface area as well as neonatal birth weight. These data suggest that relaxin is a growth factor for the fetal membranes. |
### Instruction:
Does dexamethasone or interleukin-10 block interleukin-1beta-induced uterine contractions in pregnant rhesus monkeys?
### Response:
| Dexamethasone and interleukin-10 exert similar inhibitory effects on interleukin-1beta-induced uterine activity, which appears to be mediated by a decrease in prostaglandin production. Reduced estrogen biosynthesis or suppression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and leukocyte migration may contribute to the tocolytic actions of dexamethasone and interleukin-10, respectively. Dexamethasone and interleukin-10 are likely to be useful adjuncts in the treatment of preterm labor that is associated with inflammation or infection. |
### Instruction:
Does telomerase reconstitution immortalize human fetal hepatocytes without disrupting their differentiation potential?
### Response:
| Reconstitution of telomerase activity induces indefinite replication in human fetal hepatocytes and offers unique opportunities for examining basic biologic mechanisms and for considering development of stable cell lines for liver-directed therapies. |
### Instruction:
Do peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands suppress colon carcinogenesis induced by azoxymethane in mice?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate that PPARgamma ligands are indeed potential chemopreventive agents for colon carcinogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does gastric electrical stimulation with short pulses reduce vomiting but not dysrhythmias in dogs?
### Response:
| Long-pulse stimulation normalizes vasopressin-induced slow wave abnormalities with no improvement in vomiting and behaviors suggestive of nausea. Short-pulse stimulation and electroacupuncture prevent vomiting and behaviors suggestive of nausea induced by vasopressin but have no effects on slow waves, and their effects are vagally mediated. |
### Instruction:
Does bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin induce c-Myc expression and cellular proliferation?
### Response:
| To our knowledge, BFT is the first bacterial toxin reported to activate T-cell factor-dependent beta-catenin nuclear signaling in intestinal epithelial cells. These results suggest that genetic evolution of this common colonic commensal has rendered an organism with the potential to contribute to oncogenic transformation in the colon. |
### Instruction:
Does parecoxib sodium have opioid-sparing effects in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty under spinal anaesthesia?
### Response:
| Parecoxib sodium provides opioid-sparing analgesic effects in postoperative patients. |
### Instruction:
Does extent of surgery and pathology evaluation have an impact on bladder cancer outcomes after radical cystectomy?
### Response:
| The extent of surgery and of the pathology evaluation has an impact on the outcome of patients with bladder cancer after cystectomy. Such information is important not only for therapy and the prognosis of individuals, but also for identifying candidates for adjuvant chemotherapy. |
### Instruction:
Do phylogenetic analyses of diplomonad genes reveal frequent lateral gene transfers affecting eukaryotes?
### Response:
| Our study shows that LGT is a significant evolutionary mechanism among diplomonads in particular and protists in general. These findings provide insights into the evolution of biochemical pathways in early eukaryote evolution and have important implications for studies of eukaryotic genome evolution and organismal relationships. Furthermore, "fusion" hypotheses for the origin of eukaryotes need to be rigorously reexamined in the light of these results. |
### Instruction:
Does aG-041R stimulate cartilage matrix synthesis without promoting terminal differentiation in rat articular chondrocytes?
### Response:
| AG-041R stimulates cartilage matrix synthesis without promoting terminal differentiation in rat articular chondrocytes, which is mediated at least in part by endogenous BMPs and Erk. The data demonstrates that AG-041R has a potential to be a useful therapeutic agent for articular cartilage disorders. |
### Instruction:
Are peripheral and central arterial haemodynamic interactions early abnormalities in young male cigarette smokers?
### Response:
| baseline ventriculo-vascular dynamics, are abnormal as was the evoked response to CPT. The blunted blood pressure increase of smokers compared to controls following CPT, may represent altered nitric oxide production in the macro and microcirculation through differential upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible NOS respectively. The potential for therapeutic intervention and prevention of ongoing endothelial injury, requires further investigation. |
### Instruction:
Do effectiveness of a medical priority dispatch protocol for abdominal pain?
### Response:
| Use of age- and gender-specific MPDS protocols for patients with a chief complaint of abdominal pain results in significant overtriage and overuse of ALS. Steps should be taken to develop key questions that provide more accurate classification of these patients that goes beyond age and gender classification alone. |
### Instruction:
Do why patients with ESRD select self-care dialysis as a treatment option?
### Response:
| This study identified a variety of barriers to self-care dialysis, and these results are being used to direct changes to our program aimed at increasing the uptake of self-care hemodialysis, which we believe will benefit both patients and health care providers and may offer a solution to nursing and resource shortages. |
### Instruction:
Is preexisting intimal hyperplasia of radial artery associated with early failure of radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients?
### Response:
| This study suggests that early failure of radiocephalic AVFs in hemodialysis patients is closely associated with preexisting IH of the radial artery. |
### Instruction:
Does 3-0 methylglucose absorption in vivo correlate with nutrient absorption and intestinal surface area in experimental short bowel syndrome?
### Response:
| 3-0 MG absorption is a useful marker of functional intestinal surface area and of the absorption of dietary fat and protein in experimental SBS. 3-0 MG may be a useful marker of nutrient absorptive capacity in patients with SBS; further study is indicated. |
### Instruction:
Are changes in the 5-HT2A receptor system in the pre-mammillary hypothalamus of the ewe related to regulation of LH pulsatile secretion by an endogenous circannual rhythm?
### Response:
| We conclude that these higher 5HT2A receptor gene expression and binding activity of 5HT2A receptor in the premammillary hypothalamus are associated with stimulation of LH pulsatility expressed before the development of refractoriness to short days and prior to the decline of reproductive neuroendocrine activity during expression of the endogenous circannual rhythm. |
### Instruction:
Do hydroxyapatite orbital implant vascularization assessed by magnetic resonance imaging?
### Response:
| This study demonstrated consistent central HA orbital implant enhancement on MR imaging in the 9- to 15-week group and the >31-week postoperative group. HA orbital implant drilling and peg placement should be performed after central vascularization of the spherical implant has occurred. The results of this study support the principle of performing orbital implant drilling and peg placement at least 5 to 6 months after HA implant insertion. |
### Instruction:
Does intensive care information system reduce documentation time of the nurses after cardiothoracic surgery?
### Response:
| The use of the present ICIS in patients after cardiothoracic surgery alters nursing activity; it reduces the time for documentation and increases the time devoted to patient care. |
### Instruction:
Does end-expiratory lung impedance change enable bedside monitoring of end-expiratory lung volume change?
### Response:
| EIT is a simple bedside technique which enables monitor lung volume changes during ventilatory manoeuvres such as PEEP changes. |
### Instruction:
Do prostate biopsy culture findings of men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome differ from those of healthy controls?
### Response:
| Bacteria cultured from transperineal prostatic biopsies do not differ between men with and without chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Prostatic bacteria obtained by biopsy are probably not etiologically related to the symptoms in the majority of men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Is insulin resistance but not visceral adipose tissue associated with plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 levels in overweight and obese premenopausal African-American women?
### Response:
| VAT is significantly associated with circulating PAI-1 levels in overweight and obese CC but not AA premenopausal women. |
### Instruction:
Does chronic ethanol consumption modulate myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury in murine AIDS?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that multiple deleterious effects may enhance acute ischaemia-reperfusion injury in murine AIDS. The beneficial effects of chronic ethanol consumption in myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury may be due to modulation of neutrophil adhesion molecule expression and cytokine secretion. |
### Instruction:
Do surface EMG electrodes accurately record from lumbar multifidus muscles?
### Response:
| Accurate measurement of multifidus muscle activity requires intra-muscular electrodes. |
### Instruction:
Are carotenoids decreased in biopsies from colorectal adenomas?
### Response:
| All carotenoids investigated are reduced in colorectal adenomas, suggesting that mucosal carotenoids could serve as biomarkers for predisposition to colorectal cancer. Moreover, anti-tumor activity exerted by carotenoids is limited due to mucosal depletion. We speculate that supplementation of a larger array of carotenoids might be beneficial for patients with colorectal adenoma. |
### Instruction:
Does a targeted approach significantly increase the identification rate of patients with undiagnosed haemochromatosis?
### Response:
| Patients presenting to hospital clinics with haemochromatosis associated conditions should be screened biochemically for iron overload. Only those with a serum ferritin >300 microg L-1 or Tsat >40% should subsequently go on to be genotyped for HFE mutations. The patients at greatest risk of having undiagnosed haemochromatosis are those presenting with unstable diabetes, or fatigue and/or arthralgia in the absence of any other explanation. |
### Instruction:
Are phospholipid and cholesteryl ester transfer increased in lipoprotein lipase deficiency?
### Response:
| In conclusion, PL and CE transfer are increased in LPL deficiency and thus, partly explain low HDL-levels in LPL-deficient subjects. Enhanced transfer seems rather to be the result of altered lipoprotein composition and concentration than altered enzyme activity. Our findings on mechanisms leading to low HDL-C levels might show another aspect in atherogenesis in LPL deficiency. |
### Instruction:
Is increased S100B in blood after cardiac surgery a powerful predictor of late mortality?
### Response:
| Even slightly elevated S100B values in blood 2 days after cardiac operation imply a bad prognosis for outcome, and especially so in combination with any central nervous system complication. |
### Instruction:
Does direct compression of the failing heart reestablish maximal mechanical efficiency?
### Response:
| We conclude that direct cardiac compression restores mechanical efficiency to normal maximum without wasting energy on additional nonmechanical activity. |
### Instruction:
Does deferoxamine enhance neovascularization and recovery of ischemic skeletal muscle in an experimental sheep model?
### Response:
| Local application of deferoxamine mesylate enhances neovascularization and recovery of surgically induced skeletal muscle ischemia in a sheep model. |
### Instruction:
Do eighty-four hours of sustained operations alter thermoregulation during cold exposure?
### Response:
| These results indicate that sustained (84-h) military operations leads to greater declines in core temperature, due to either a lag in the initial shivering response or heat redistribution secondary to an insulative acclimation. |
### Instruction:
Is multifocality of renal cell tumors a factor to consider before performing a partial nephrectomy?
### Response:
| Although partial nephrectomies are justified from their survival rates, close follow-up is necessary because separate primary tumors may still exist in the kidney, left behind, irrespective of tumor size. |
### Instruction:
Are dual infections with HIV-1 , HIV-2 and HTLV-I more common in older women than in men in Guinea-Bissau?
### Response:
| The pattern of increased prevalence among older women could have public health implications; women of older age groups should be regarded as a potential vulnerable group and included in HIV/AIDS prevention programmes. |
### Instruction:
Is the corneal stroma endowed with a significant number of resident dendritic cells?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that, in addition to the known Langerhans cells in the corneal epithelium, at least three BM-derived cell subsets reside in the normal corneal stroma. |
### Instruction:
Is nocturnal penile tumescence diminished but not ablated in postproctectomy impotence?
### Response:
| Nocturnal penile tumescence activity is diminished but not ablated by the trauma of surgical dissection. This suggests that some of the cavernous nerves that govern inflow to the corpora cavernosa are intact after surgery and that the nerve lesion responsible for erectile dysfunction is partial, and it explains why the response to sildenafil in such patients is surprisingly high. |
### Instruction:
Is elevation of arterial potassium during acute systemic hypoxia abolished by alkalosis?
### Response:
| The hypoxia-induced elevation of arterial potassium is abolished by increasing the pH to 7.55. This is not due to enhanced potassium uptake into peripheral tissues at high pH. Red blood cells are suggested as the most likely source of the potassium released in hypoxia. |
### Instruction:
Do ocular complication of PhotoDerm VL therapy for facial port-wine stain?
### Response:
| Appropriate protection during the procedure is essential. |
### Instruction:
Is a proapoptotic caspase recruitment domain protein gene , TMS1 , hypermethylated in human breast and gastric cancers?
### Response:
| These results suggest a direct role for aberrant methylation of the TMS1 gene in the progression of breast and gastric cancer involving down-regulation of the proapoptotic TMS1 gene. |
### Instruction:
Is hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha and 2 alpha expression independent of anemia in patients with stage I endometrial cancer?
### Response:
| Activation of hypoxia pathways is an intrinsic self-regulated process, independent of Hb levels in endometrial adenocarcinomas. Other factors such as microvessel density (MVD), vessel/tumor cell distance or genetic events may be important. |
### Instruction:
Is buspirone-induced antinociception mediated by L-type calcium channels and calcium/caffeine-sensitive pools in mice?
### Response:
| Decreasing neuronal Ca(2+) levels potentiated buspirone-induced antinociception; conversely, increasing intracellular Ca(2+) abolished the antinociceptive effects of buspirone. These results suggest that Ca(2+) influx from extracellular fluid and release of Ca(2+) from Ca(2+)/caffeine-sensitive microsomal pools may be involved in buspirone-induced antinociception. |
### Instruction:
Does delivery of matrix metalloproteinase-1 attenuate established liver fibrosis in the rat?
### Response:
| Our findings show that transient human matrix metalloproteinase-1 overexpression in the liver effectively attenuates established fibrosis and induces hepatocyte proliferation. |
### Instruction:
Does antiproliferative property of sphingosine 1-phosphate in rat hepatocytes involve activation of Rho via Edg-5?
### Response:
| S1P has an antiproliferative property in rat hepatocytes by activating Rho via Edg-5. Our results raise the possibility that S1P is a negative regulator in liver regeneration. |
### Instruction:
Does bicalutamide dose-dependently inhibit proliferation in human prostatic carcinoma cell lines and primary cultures?
### Response:
| BCLT, which inhibits growth in both human PCa cell lines and PCa primary cultures from patients with medium and low-grade tumors, deserves attention as a potential widely effective antiandrogenic monotherapy in prostatic carcinoma. However, its efficacy in AR-negative cells requires further research. |
### Instruction:
Are mR findings of collateral circulation more accurate measures of hemodynamic significance than arm-leg blood pressure gradient after repair of coarctation of the aorta?
### Response:
| The arm-leg blood pressure gradient is not a reliable indicator of hemodynamic significance of restenosis in patients with prior repair of CoA. Direct visualization of collateral vessels by MRA and percent increase in flow from proximal to distal descending thoracic aorta are reliable indicators of hemodynamic significance. |
### Instruction:
Do diet in midpuberty and sedentary activity in prepuberty predict peak bone mass?
### Response:
| Interventions should focus on ensuring adequate calcium intake in midpuberty and on minimizing sedentariness in prepuberty. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of lipolysis improve insulin sensitivity in protease inhibitor-treated HIV-infected men with fat redistribution?
### Response:
| Acute inhibition of lipolysis and reduction in fatty acid concentrations are associated with improved insulin sensitivity in patients with HIV lipodystrophy and hyperinsulinemia. Further studies are needed to determine whether long-term antilipolytic strategies to reduce fatty acid concentrations may be useful in treating the metabolic disturbances associated with HIV lipodystrophy. |
### Instruction:
Does radiofrequency treatment weaken the fatigue characteristics of rabbit anterior cruciate ligament?
### Response:
| Using radiofrequency treatment makes rabbit anterior cruciate ligament weaker following cyclic loading. |
### Instruction:
Does sevoflurane anaesthesia induce the formation of sister chromatid exchanges in peripheral blood lymphocytes of children?
### Response:
| Short-term administration of sevoflurane anaesthesia did not induce SCE in T-lymphocytes of children. No indication for a possible genotoxic effect has been observed. |
### Instruction:
Do hydrogen-potassium ATPase inhibitors induce relaxation on rabbit prostatic strips in vitro?
### Response:
| Omeprazole and lansaprazole cause a relaxation in prostatic stromal tissue precontracted with phenyephrine, carbachol and KC1 in vitro. This relaxant effect is independent of H+-K+ ATPase inhibition. Additionally, cyclooxygenase and nitric oxide pathways do not contribute to this relaxant effect. Further studies are required to determine whether these drugs may have a beneficial effect in the non-operative treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. |
### Instruction:
Are low birth weight and high birth weight infants both at an increased risk to have type 2 diabetes among schoolchildren in taiwan?
### Response:
| A U-shaped relationship between birth weight and risk of type 2 diabetes was found in the schoolchildren aged 6-18 years in Taiwan. Schoolchildren with type 2 diabetes who were born with low birth weight had different metabolic phenotypes compared with those born with high birth weight. |
### Instruction:
Are short-term , delayed , and working memory impaired during hypoglycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes?
### Response:
| All of the memory systems examined in the present study were affected significantly by acute hypoglycemia, particularly working memory and delayed memory. Mild (self-treated) hypoglycemia is common in individuals with insulin-treated diabetes; therefore, these observed effects of hypoglycemia on memory are of potential clinical importance because they could interfere with many everyday activities. |
### Instruction:
Do irritable bowel syndrome patients show enhanced modulation of visceral perception by auditory stress?
### Response:
| These findings confirm the hypothesis of altered stress-induced modulation of visceral perception in IBS patients. |
### Instruction:
Do the cumulative effect of high click rate on monaural and binaural processing in the human auditory brainstem?
### Response:
| The progressive prolongation of latency of ABEP and BIC components with advancing position in the train may be attributed to cumulatively decreased synaptic efficacy at high stimulus rates, resulting in prolonged synaptic delays along the auditory pathway. The paradoxic enhancement of ABEP dipole III magnitude with advancing click position in the train may reflect higher sensitivity of inhibitory brainstem neurons to increased stimulus rate, resulting in disinhibition. The absence of significant effects on BIC dipole magnitudes may reflect the amplifying effect of divergence in the ascending auditory pathway, as has been observed for the monaurally evoked ABEP components from the upper pons. |
### Instruction:
Do galvanic and acoustic vestibular stimulation activate different populations of vestibular afferents?
### Response:
| Despite evoking equal-sized vestibulocollic reflexes, there was a clear dissociation between the magnitude of tone burst and galvanic-induced vestibulospinal reflexes. Galvanic stimulation evoked SL and ML reflexes in all subjects. Tone burst stimuli evoked only small SL reflexes and, in most cases, no ML reflexes. Acoustically-evoked vestibulocollic reflexes are likely to be due to saccular excitation. The limited effectiveness of longer tone burst stimuli to evoke ML vestibulospinal reflexes suggests that saccular afferents have, at most, only a minor role in the production of these reflexes. We conclude that galvanic stimulation is more effective in eliciting vestibulospinal reflexes than tone burst stimulation, and that the two methods activate different populations of vestibular afferents. |
### Instruction:
Does diabetes mellitus increase the in vivo activity of cytochrome P450 2E1 in humans?
### Response:
| There was a marked increase in hepatic CYP2E1 activity in obese Type II diabetics as assessed by chlorzoxazone disposition. Increased expression of CYP2E1 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was found in both types of diabetes mellitus. Adverse hepatic events associated with Type II diabetes may be in part a result of enhanced CYP2E1 expression and activity. |
### Instruction:
Does milk sphingomyelin accelerate enzymatic and morphological maturation of the intestine in artificially reared rats?
### Response:
| The present results suggest that SPM, the dominant phospholipid in milk, plays an important role in neonatal gut maturation during the suckling period. |
### Instruction:
Does occlusive wrap dressing reduce infection rate in saphenous vein harvest site?
### Response:
| In saphenous vein harvest wounds, the occlusive wrap dressing technique has the potential to reduce the rate of infection by 50%. This simple and inexpensive technique is also readily applicable to the radial artery harvest site in the arm and may provide similar benefit. |
### Instruction:
Is pancreatitis in Fontan patients related to impaired ventricular relaxation?
### Response:
| Impaired ventricular relaxation and decreased preoperative cardiac output are predictive of increased risk of postoperative pancreatitis in Fontan patients. Evaluation of preoperative diastolic function in these patients may provide additional insights in to clinical outcome following the Fontan procedure. |
### Instruction:
Do five-year maintenance of bone mineral density in women master runners?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate no significant loss of bone mass over a 5-yr period in these chronic runners with relatively high calcium intakes regardless of menstrual or HRT status. Further, chronic running did not inhibit nor enhance the effect of HRT on bone in these women. |
### Instruction:
Does reduced expression of p53 and p21WAF1/CIP1 sensitize human breast cancer cells to paclitaxel and its combination with 5-fluorouracil?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that the status of p53 and p21WAF1/CIP1 might play an important role in tumor cell susceptibility to paclitaxel and its combination with other drugs such as 5-FU. |
### Instruction:
Is sustained tyrosine-phosphorylation of FAK through Rho-dependent adhesion to fibronectin essential for cancer cell migration?
### Response:
| Rho-dependent adhesion to FN leading to sustained tyrosine-phosphorylation of FAK is essential for cancer cell migration. |
### Instruction:
Does low calcium dialysate increase cardiac relaxation in CAPD patients?
### Response:
| Left ventricular relaxation is increased with the use of low calcium dialysate compared with standard dialysate treatment. The idea of possible beneficial effects of increment in LV relaxation on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality deserves further studies. |
### Instruction:
Does computer analysis of mFISH chromosome aberration data uncover an excess of very complicated metaphases?
### Response:
| Standard models of DNA damage induction/repair/misrepair explain the main trends of the data as regards the fraction of metaphases having a particular number of colours involved in colour junctions. However, all standard models systematically under-predict the observed fraction of metaphases where a large number of different chromosomes participate in aberrations. An early appearance of chromosomal instability could explain most of the discrepancies. |
### Instruction:
Does [ research on morphology and anatomy of root system of Dendrobium nobile Lindl ]?
### Response:
| Dendrobium has peculiar structure which determines that this plant requires a growing environment with high water and air ventilation properties. |
### Instruction:
Do [ The normal value of DPOAE and effect of intensity differ of probe tone ]?
### Response:
| Those results give us useful information for clinic. |
### Instruction:
Does dNMT1 gene copy number influence susceptibility to development of malignant lymphoproliferative disease?
### Response:
| In contrast to findings in mice, the results of this study exclude a role for DNMT1 gene copy number in susceptibility to neoplastic transformation in humans. |
### Instruction:
Is hemodilution common in patients with advanced heart failure?
### Response:
| Hemodilution is common in CHF patients. Anemia is associated with a poor prognosis in CHF. Patients with hemodilution tend to do worse than patients with true anemia, which suggests that volume overload may be an important mechanism contributing to the poor outcome in anemic CHF patients. |
### Instruction:
Is herpes simplex virus type II a cofactor to human papillomavirus in cancer of the uterine cervix?
### Response:
| Although herpes simplex virus type 2 Bgl IIN transforms epithelial cells in vitro, it was not detected in cervical cancer specimens. |
### Instruction:
Does endometritis predict reproductive morbidity after pelvic inflammatory disease?
### Response:
| Among women with clinically suspected mild-to-moderate PID treated with standard antibiotics, endometritis/UGTI was not associated with reproductive morbidity. |
### Instruction:
Is the K121Q polymorphism of the PC-1 gene associated with insulin resistance but not with dyslipidemia?
### Response:
| In healthy normoglycemic Finnish subjects, the K121Q polymorphism of the PC-1 gene is associated with insulin resistance but not with impaired insulin secretion or dyslipidemia. |
### Instruction:
Does improvement of intraoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in prolonged cardiac surgery by automated alert in the operating room?
### Response:
| The use of an automatic reminder system in the operating room improved compliance with guidelines on perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. |
### Instruction:
Does an antifungal compound produced by Bacillus subtilis YM 10-20 inhibit germination of Penicillium roqueforti conidiospores?
### Response:
| Fluorescence staining in combination with flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy are efficient tools for assessing the action of antifungal compounds against spores. Iturin-like compounds may permeabilize fungal spores and inhibit their germination. |
### Instruction:
Is the hepatocyte a direct target for transforming-growth factor beta activation via the insulin-like growth factor II/mannose 6-phosphate receptor?
### Response:
| (1) The induction of the CIMPR gene during liver regeneration and hepatocyte culture occurs in mid G1 phase; and (2) the CIMPR mediates latent proTGFbeta activation and thus may act, by targeting TGFbeta to hepatocytes, as a negative regulator of hepatocyte growth. |
### Instruction:
Is selective blockade of mGlu5 metabotropic glutamate receptors protective against acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in mice?
### Response:
| We conclude that pharmacological blockade of mGlu5 receptors might represent a novel target for the treatment of drug-induced liver damage. |
### Instruction:
Does the canine copper toxicosis gene MURR1 cause non-Wilsonian hepatic copper toxicosis?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that copper toxicosis in Bedlington terriers is not an animal model for the non-Wilsonian hepatic copper toxicosis described in this study. |
### Instruction:
Do in-hospital symptoms of depression predict mortality 3 years after myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| Symptoms of depression following MI do not predict longer-term survival, although measures of disease severity and discharge medication status do. Previous positive results for depression and cardiac mortality in MI patients could reflect the occasional confounding of depression with disease severity. |
### Instruction:
Does nitric oxide synthase inhibition improve renal function in cirrhotic patients with ascites?
### Response:
| Despite a partial correction of the hyperdynamic circulation, inhibition of NO synthesis does not improve sodium and water excretion in decompensated cirrhosis, probably because of an accompanying decrease in renal plasma flow. Intrarenal NO synthesis may be important for maintaining intrarenal hemodynamics in decompensated cirrhotic patients. |
### Instruction:
Does angiotensinogen M235T genotype predict progression in chronic renal allograft dysfunction?
### Response:
| The AGT 235 T allele independently influences long-term decline in renal allograft function. |
### Instruction:
Is nuclear accumulation of p53 a potential marker for the development of squamous cell lung cancer in smokers?
### Response:
| These results suggested that p53 accumulation is an early event in lung carcinogenesis and potentially could be useful in the identification of smokers who are at risk of developing SCC, but not in the estimation of survival of the disease. |
### Instruction:
Does twelve months of treatment with octreotide-LAR reduce joint thickness in acromegaly?
### Response:
| Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) suppression by 12 Months' OCT-LAR treatment is accompanied by a significant decrease in the thickness of both weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing joints (mainly in patients whose disease is controlled) regardless of disease duration. These findings suggest that tIssue hypertrophy in the context of the acromegalic arthropathy can be improved by suppressing IGF-I levels. |
### Instruction:
Does selenomethionine affect PSA secretion independent of its effect on LNCaP cell growth?
### Response:
| PSA secretion is not specifically inhibited by concentrations of selenomethionine corresponding to plasma selenium concentrations found in individuals supplemented with chemopreventive concentrations of selenized yeast. These data suggest that changes in serum PSA levels in individual patients during selenium supplementation is not an effect specific for PSA secretion, but rather may be a useful indicator for changes in disease progression in individual patients. |
### Instruction:
Do clinical signs of pulmonary congestion predict outcome in patients with acute chest pain?
### Response:
| Clinical signs of pulmonary congestion indicate an increased risk for poor outcome in patients with chest pain due to myocardial ischemia. Mortality of these patients is high, particularly in the first months after presentation. Therefore, hospital admission is warranted, including patients with angina pectoris, who otherwise may be candidates for early discharge. |
### Instruction:
Does gene therapy delivery of endostatin enhance the treatment efficacy of radiation?
### Response:
| The delivery of endostatin via rAAV vectors may provide an effective means of enhancing the anti-tumor efficacy of radiation therapy. |
### Instruction:
Is the effect of electrical stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus on seizures frequency dependent?
### Response:
| We conclude that electrical stimulation of the STN can be anticonvulsant, but the effects appear to depend on the stimulation frequency and the type of seizure. |
### Instruction:
Does gabapentin increase the hyperpolarization-activated cation current Ih in rat CA1 pyramidal cells?
### Response:
| These results suggest that GBP increases the Ih through a cAMP-independent mechanism. Because the applied GBP concentrations were in a clinically relevant range, the observed effect may contribute to the anticonvulsant action of GBP in partial seizures and may represent a new concept of how this anticonvulsant drug works. |
### Instruction:
Is down-regulation of TRF1 , TRF2 and TIN2 genes important to maintain telomeric DNA for gastric cancers?
### Response:
| Down-regulation of TRF1, TRF2 and TIN2 gene expression may be important to maintain telomeres in gastric cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does zoledronic acid exhibit inhibitory effects on osteoblastic and osteolytic metastases of prostate cancer?
### Response:
| In conclusion, we have shown that ZA has significant antitumor effects on CaP cells in vitro and in vivo. Antiosteolytic activity and the antitumor effects of this compound could benefit CaP patients with bone metastases. |
### Instruction:
Are transient ischaemic attacks associated with increased rates of global cerebral atrophy?
### Response:
| Patients presenting with a first TIA have excess global brain atrophy compared with age matched controls over the subsequent year. Increased atrophy rates following a TIA may be directly or indirectly related to increasing white matter disease and diastolic hypertension. Future studies should assess whether this atrophy inevitably leads to cognitive decline, and whether aggressive treatment of risk factors for cerebrovascular disease (particularly hypertension) after a TIA can influence outcome. |
### Instruction:
Does hap4p overexpression in glucose-grown Saccharomyces cerevisiae induce cells to enter a novel metabolic state?
### Response:
| We show that overproduction of a single nuclear transcription factor enables cells to move to a novel state that displays features typical of, but clearly not identical to, other derepressed states. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Use X-ray or CR to evaluate the operation result of the cochlear implant ]?
### Response:
| It was an economic, convenient, objective and worthy method to evaluate the cochlear implant. |
### Instruction:
Does presurgical depression predict medical morbidity 6 months after coronary artery bypass graft surgery?
### Response:
| Depression is an important independent contributor to medical and psychosocial morbidity up to 6 months after CABG. These findings warrant replication with larger and more diverse populations. |
### Instruction:
Is blood flow per unit retinal nerve fibre tissue volume lower in the human inferior retina?
### Response:
| The inferior sector of retinal nerve fibre layer and optic nerve head may have lower blood flow per unit nerve tissue volume compared to the superior sector. This result suggests that the inferior sector is more vulnerable to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and ischaemic insults in glaucomatous optic neuropathy. |
### Instruction:
Does a fermented milk high in bioactive peptides have a blood pressure-lowering effect in hypertensive subjects?
### Response:
| L. helveticus LBK-16H fermented milk containing bioactive peptides in normal daily use has a blood pressure-lowering effect in hypertensive subjects. |
### Instruction:
Does high glucose impair superoxide production from isolated blood neutrophils?
### Response:
| High extracellular glucose concentrations acutely reduce O(2)(-) production from activated neutrophils possibly through inhibition of G6PD. If this occurs in vivo, microbial killing by neutrophils may be impaired during acute hyperglycemia, as observed after major surgery, trauma, or severe infection. |
### Instruction:
Is increased extracellular serotonin level in rat hippocampus induced by chronic citalopram augmented by subchronic lithium : neurochemical and behavioural studies in the rat?
### Response:
| The present results support the assumption that increases in hippocampal 5-HT neurotransmission may be important in the augmentatory effect of lithium. |
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