question stringlengths 52 373 | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k |
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### Instruction:
Does iL-23 receptor ( IL-23R ) gene protect against pediatric Crohn 's disease?
### Response:
| The protective IL-23R R381Q variant was particularly associated with CD in non-Jewish children. Thus, the initial whole genome association study based on ileal CD in adults has been extended to the pediatric population and beyond small bowel CD. |
### Instruction:
Does occipital proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1H-MRS ) reveal normal metabolite concentrations in retinal visual field defects?
### Response:
| We conclude that progressive retinal visual field defects do not affect metabolite concentration in visual brain areas suggesting that there is no ongoing occipital degeneration. We discuss the possibility that metabolite change is too slow to be detectable. |
### Instruction:
Does fTY720 suppress interleukin-1beta-induced secretory phospholipase A2 expression in renal mesangial cells by a transcriptional mechanism?
### Response:
| In summary, our data show that FTY720 was able to mimic the anti-inflammatory activity of TGFbeta and blocked cytokine-triggered sPLA(2) expression and subsequent PGE(2) formation. Thus, FTY720 may exert additional in vivo effects besides the well reported immunomodulation and its anti-inflammatory potential should be considered. |
### Instruction:
Does prostacyclin synthase gene transfer inhibit neointimal formation by suppressing PPAR delta expression?
### Response:
| Ad-PGIS gene transfer reduced PPAR delta expression and inhibited neointimal formation after balloon injury in accordance with the reduction in the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. |
### Instruction:
Does a functional polymorphism of toll-like receptor 4 gene increase risk of gastric carcinoma and its precursors?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that the TLR4+896A>G polymorphism is a risk factor for noncardia gastric carcinoma and its precursors. The findings underscore the role of the host innate immune response in outcome of H pylori infection. |
### Instruction:
Is obesity associated with increased transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation?
### Response:
| Obesity is associated with increased TLOSR and acid reflux during the postprandial period in subjects without GERD. Abnormal postprandial LOS function may be an early event in the pathogenesis of obesity-related GERD. |
### Instruction:
Does cD40-CD40 ligand mediate the recruitment of leukocytes and platelets in the inflamed murine colon?
### Response:
| These findings implicate CD40-CD40L in the pathogenesis of DSS-induced intestinal inflammation, and suggest that modulation of leukocyte and platelet recruitment by activated, CD40-positive endothelial cells in colonic venules may represent a major action of this signaling pathway. |
### Instruction:
Do mastery and neuroticism predict recovery of depression in later life?
### Response:
| Personality characteristics, i.e., neuroticism and physical health-related variables are separate but equally important domains for the chance of recovery of depression in later life. |
### Instruction:
Is greater impairment of ability in the divided attention task seen in Alzheimer 's disease patients with depression than in those without depression?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that depressive symptoms in AD patients increase the deficits of cognitive flexibility and divided attention. This is the first study to report a correlation between depressions, diagnosed based on the provisional criteria for depression in AD by Olin's group, and an impaired capacity for divided attention in AD patients. |
### Instruction:
Does the transfusion of neutrophil-specific antibodies cause leukopenia and a broad spectrum of pulmonary reactions?
### Response:
| Neutrophil antibodies cause a wide variety of transfusion reactions that do not necessarily meet the definition of TRALI. Donors of blood products causing even mild pulmonary reactions or leukopenia should be tested for neutrophil-specific antibodies. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Phosphorylation of PKCdelta participate in the toxicity of 6-hydroxydopamine on dopaminergic neuroblastoma cell ]?
### Response:
| Inhibition of PKCdelta phosphorylation with rottlerin ameliorates the neurotoxicity evoked by 6-OHDA, and activation of PKCdelta phosphorylation by PMA aggravates neurotoxicity, which implicating that this kinase participates in the 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity and Parkinsonian neurodegeneration. |
### Instruction:
Does simvastatin reduce MMP1 expression in human smooth muscle cells cultured on polymerized collagen by inhibiting Rac1 activation?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that simvastatin, by inhibiting Rac1 activity, reduces MMP1 expression and collagen degradation in human smooth muscle cells. |
### Instruction:
Does dNA vaccination against VEGF receptor 2 reduce atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice?
### Response:
| These findings demonstrate for the first time that a DNA vaccine targeting activated endothelial cells in atherosclerotic lesions provides direct atheroprotective effects. |
### Instruction:
Does a novel isoform of acetylcholinesterase exacerbate photoreceptors death after photic stress?
### Response:
| The findings indicate that the photic-induced novel variant of AChE (N-AChE-R) may be causally involved with retinal light damage and suggest the use of RNA targeting for limiting such damage. |
### Instruction:
Does long-term nitrate therapy after acute myocardial infarction improve or aggravate prognosis?
### Response:
| Long-term nitrate therapy after AMI neither improves nor aggravates prognosis. Prospective randomized clinical trials are warranted to determine the effects of long-term nitrate therapy for secondary prevention of AMI. |
### Instruction:
Does black tea prevent cigarette smoke-induced apoptosis and lung damage?
### Response:
| Cigarette smoke exposure to a guinea pig model causes oxidative damage, inflammation, apoptosis and lung injury that are prevented by supplementation of black tea. |
### Instruction:
Does inclusion of the glucocorticoid receptor in a hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis model reveal bistability?
### Response:
| Inclusion of pituitary GR expression resulted in a biologically plausible model of HPA axis bistability and hypocortisolism. High GR concentration enhanced cortisol negative feedback on the hypothalamus and forced the HPA axis into an alternative, low cortisol state. This model can be used to explore mechanisms underlying disorders of the HPA axis. |
### Instruction:
Is genetic distance and heterogenecity between quasispecies a critical predictor to IFN response in Egyptian patients with HCV genotype-4?
### Response:
| Patients who responded to interferon treatment had statistically significant less number in both transitions (p = 0.007) and the genetic distances between the quasispecies (p = 0.035). So, viral genetic complexity and variability may play a role in the response to IFN treatment. The consensus alignment of all three groups revealed no characteristic pattern among the three groups. However, the G to A transitions at 160 was observed among non responders who need further study to confirm this observation. |
### Instruction:
Is sgIGSF a novel biliary-epithelial cell adhesion molecule mediating duct/ductule development?
### Response:
| We propose that SgIGSF is a novel and functional BEC adhesion molecule that is expressed for a limited time during active bile duct/ductule formation. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Levodopa modify pain thresholds in Parkinson 's disease patients ]?
### Response:
| This study showed that levodopa increased heat and cold pain thresholds and heat pain tolrance in PD patients. This suggests that dopaminergic drugs could have an analgesic effects on PD related pain. |
### Instruction:
Do electronic reminders improve procedure documentation compliance and professional fee reimbursement?
### Response:
| The complexity of the tertiary care process results in documentation deficiencies. Inexpensive automated reminders can drastically improve compliance without the need for complicated negative or positive feedback. |
### Instruction:
Is domestic violence associated with adult and childhood asthma prevalence in India?
### Response:
| We find a consistent association between being exposed to, and having experienced, DV and asthma prevalence. Stress-induced mechanisms, partially captured through violence and social circumstances, may be a critical explanatory link in furthering our understanding of the social disparities in asthma. |
### Instruction:
Do bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells contribute significantly to new vessels during incisional wound healing?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that the revascularization of dermal incisional wounds primarily occurs through angiogenesis because the low frequency and temporal expression of EPCs suggests that they do not make a significant contribution to the neovascularization process. |
### Instruction:
Do polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor 9 influence the clinical course of HIV-1 infection?
### Response:
| Rapid progression of HIV-1 infection was associated with TLR9 polymorphisms. Because of its potential implications for intervention strategies and vaccine developments, additional epidemiological and experimental studies are needed to confirm this association. |
### Instruction:
Does initiation of antiretroviral therapy lead to a rapid decline in cervical and vaginal HIV-1 shedding?
### Response:
| Genital HIV-1 shedding decreased rapidly after ART initiation, consistent with a rapid decrease in infectivity. However, incomplete viral suppression in half of these women may indicate an ongoing risk of transmission. |
### Instruction:
Do anterior cingulate grey-matter deficits and cannabis use in first-episode schizophrenia?
### Response:
| A defect in the anterior cingulate is associated with a history of cannabis use among patients experiencing a first episode of schizophrenia and could have a role in poor decision-making and in choosing more risky outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Is cognitive ability associated with suspected reporting errors on food frequency questionnaires?
### Response:
| This study provides evidence that for older adults, lower cognition scores are associated with increased potential errors in reporting total energy intake. |
### Instruction:
Does background muscle activity enhance the neuromuscular response to mechanical foot stimulation?
### Response:
| An application of mechanical foot stimulation enhanced neuromuscular activity of the triceps surae muscles; this enhancement was dependent on homonyomous background contraction levels. |
### Instruction:
Does syk contribute to PDGF-BB-mediated migration of rat aortic smooth muscle cells via MAPK pathways?
### Response:
| These results imply that Syk is an upstream signal of the p38 MAPK/HSP27 and ERK1/2 pathways that contributes to PDGF-BB-mediated migration in RASMC. |
### Instruction:
Does fasting insulin modify the relation between age and renal function?
### Response:
| Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that insulin accelerates the age-related decline of renal function in the general non-diabetic population. This indicates that insulin resistance, and the concomitant compensatory hyperinsulinaemia could contribute to the increased incidence in end-stage renal disease. |
### Instruction:
Are spindle proteins Aurora A and BUB1B , but not Mad2 , aberrantly expressed in dysplastic mucosa of patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis?
### Response:
| Due to the significant differences in Aurora A and BUB1B expression in dysplastic compared non-dysplastic mucosa, these proteins may serve as putative biological markers for the progressive morphological changes in UC associated carcinogenesis. The close relationship to Ki67 levels reflect that spindle proteins are expressed in tissues with a high proliferative rate; a role for these proteins in the development of aneuploidy was not found. |
### Instruction:
Does muscle temperature have a different effect on force fluctuations in young and older women?
### Response:
| The findings indicate a different effect of temperature on the ability to maintain constant force in young and older subjects. |
### Instruction:
Is excessive complement activation associated with placental injury in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies?
### Response:
| These findings are consistent with murine studies that implicate complement as a critical factor in the fetal tissue injury observed in antiphospholipid syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Does rapamycin attenuate hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy in mice?
### Response:
| Therapy with rapamycin may represent a new strategy for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. |
### Instruction:
Does antagonism between Notch and bone morphogenetic protein receptor signaling regulate neurogenesis in the cerebellar rhombic lip?
### Response:
| Our results provide a mechanism by which a balance between neural induction and maintenance of neural progenitors is achieved in the rhombic lip throughout embryonic development. |
### Instruction:
Is neither maternal nor fetal mutation ( E474Q ) in the alpha-subunit of the trifunctional protein frequent in pregnancies complicated by HELLP syndrome?
### Response:
| Neither maternal nor fetal heterozygosity for the E474Q mutation is a relevant factor of HELLP syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Does exposure to holoendemic malaria result in suppression of Epstein-Barr virus-specific T cell immunosurveillance in Kenyan children?
### Response:
| Children living in malaria-holoendemic areas have diminished EBV-specific T cell immunosurveillance between the ages of 5 and 9 years, which coincides with the peak age incidence of eBL. |
### Instruction:
Do hNPCC versus sporadic microsatellite-unstable colon cancers follow different routes toward loss of HLA class I expression?
### Response:
| HLA class I aberrations are found at varying frequencies in different colorectal tumor types and are caused by distinct genetic mechanisms. Chiefly, sporadic and hereditary MSI-H tumors follow different routes toward HLA class I loss of expression supporting the idea that these tumors follow different evolutionary pathways in tumorigenesis. The resulting variation in immune escape mechanisms may have repercussions in tumor progression and behavior. |
### Instruction:
Does hPA-1 polymorphism of alphaIIbbeta3 modulate platelet adhesion onto immobilized fibrinogen in an in-vitro flow system?
### Response:
| Our data support the contention that genetically determined variants of platelet integrins alphaIIbbeta3 could play a role in arterial thrombogenesis and thus confirm the hypothesis derived from epidemiological studies. |
### Instruction:
Is circulating haptoglobin an independent prognostic factor in the sera of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer?
### Response:
| This study provides evidence that preoperative serum levels of haptoglobin could serve as an independent prognostic factor in patients presenting with epithelial ovarian cancer. |
### Instruction:
Do repeated balloon inflations diminish ST segment elevation even though coronary collateral recruitment is promoted in pigs?
### Response:
| Repeated BIs do not diminish ST segment elevation in the pig model, even though coronary collateral recruitment is promoted. |
### Instruction:
Do allogeneic HLA-matched donor dendritic cells loaded with patient leukemic blasts preferentially induce CD4-positive leukemia-reactive donor lymphocytes?
### Response:
| Our results show the feasibility of the in vitro generation of leukemia-reactive donor lymphocytes, rendering this method a promising tool for post-HSCT immunotherapy. |
### Instruction:
Are abnormal tissue doppler images associated with elevated plasma brain natriuretic peptide and increased oxidative stress in acute Kawasaki disease?
### Response:
| Latent abnormal tissue Doppler profiles, possibly reflecting long-axis systolic and diastolic dysfunction have been noted in KD patients. Abnormal myocardial mechanics may contribute to the increased plasma BNP level and enhanced oxidative stress may contribute to cardiac dysfunction in KD. |
### Instruction:
Does epigenetic activation of a subset of mRNAs by eIF4E explain its effects on cell proliferation?
### Response:
| Our results shed new light on the mechanisms by which eIF4E prevents apoptosis and transforms cells. Downregulation of eIF4E and its downstream targets is a potential therapeutic option for the development of novel anti-cancer drugs. |
### Instruction:
Is the CD34-related molecule podocalyxin a potent inducer of microvillus formation?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that this single molecule can modulate NHERF localization and, independently, act as a key orchestrator of apical cell morphology, thereby lending mechanistic insights into its multiple roles as a polarity regulator, tumor progression marker, and anti-adhesin. |
### Instruction:
Do local perturbations affect stability of laboratory fruitfly metapopulations?
### Response:
| Our study shows that localized perturbations are unlikely to affect the dynamics of real metapopulations, a finding that has cautionary implications for ecologists and conservation biologists faced with the problem of stabilizing unstable metapopulations in nature. |
### Instruction:
Do antipsychotic drugs exacerbate impairment on a working memory task in first-episode schizophrenia?
### Response:
| Disruption in the allocation of covert attention might contribute to patients' decline in spatial working memory after antipsychotic treatment. Alterations in prefrontal dopaminergic systems or reduced thalamocortical drive might account for this apparent adverse cognitive effect of antipsychotic treatment. |
### Instruction:
Do 5-HT4 receptor agonists increase sAPPalpha levels in the cortex and hippocampus of male C57BL/6j mice?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that the 5-HT(4) receptor plays a key role in the non-amyloidogenic pathway of APP metabolism in vivo and give support to the beneficial use of 5-HT(4) agonists for AD treatment. |
### Instruction:
Do thickness changes in the fovea and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer depend on the degree of myopia?
### Response:
| As the level of myopia increased, the thickness of the fovea also increased, while the thickness of the peripapillary RNFL decreased. Therefore, when interpreting OCT results in the clinic, careful consideration should be given to various changes associated with myopia. |
### Instruction:
Do changes in evaluation of the pepsinogen test result following Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in Japan?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the evaluation of PG test result should be used after the definitive confirmation of the success or failure of H. pylori eradication therapy. |
### Instruction:
Is no model of clinical education for physiotherapy students superior to another : a systematic review?
### Response:
| There is currently no 'gold standard' model of clinical education. The perception that one model is superior to any other is based on anecdotes and historical precedents, rather than on meaningful, robust, comparative studies. |
### Instruction:
Does cancer incidence estimate at the national and district levels in Colombia?
### Response:
| In the absence of national population-based cancer registry data, estimates of incidence provide valuable information at national and regional levels. As mortality data are an important source for the estimation,the quality of death certification should be considered as a possible cause of bias. |
### Instruction:
Does quantitative subtyping of hepatitis B virus reveal complex dynamics of YMDD motif mutants development during long-term lamivudine therapy?
### Response:
| Mass spectrometry is an accurate and cheap method for the detection of YMDD mutants, even in the presence of overwhelming wild-type HBV. We observed some intriguing mutant viral dynamics during 3TC treatment. Further studies are needed to clarify whether they have any clinical significance. |
### Instruction:
Are maternal and obstetric complications of pregnancy associated with increasing gestational age at term?
### Response:
| We found that the risk of maternal peripartum complications increase as pregnancy progresses beyond 40 weeks of gestation. Management of pregnancies that progress past their EDC should include counseling regarding the risks of increasing gestational age. |
### Instruction:
Does the force required to rupture fetal membranes paradoxically increase with acute in vitro repeated stretching?
### Response:
| Acute stretch forces do not directly cause FM weakening. |
### Instruction:
Is elevated plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 an independent predictor of coronary microvascular dysfunction in hypertension?
### Response:
| Elevated plasma PAI-1 activity was independently associated with coronary microvascular dysfunction, which suggests that plasma PAI-1 activity is an important clue linking hypofibrinolysis to the development of atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
's `` It an issue at the moment '' : a qualitative study of mothers about childhood obesity?
### Response:
| Interventions to prevent overweight and obesity need to focus on equipping parents with the skills to translate their knowledge into behavior and lay the foundations early for their children to develop healthy habits. |
### Instruction:
Does immunosuppression reactivate viral replication long after resolution of woodchuck hepatitis virus infection?
### Response:
| These experimental observations demonstrate the potential of immunosuppression to reactivate HBV after resolution of infection. |
### Instruction:
Does lactulose improve cognitive functions and health-related quality of life in patients with cirrhosis who have minimal hepatic encephalopathy?
### Response:
| Treatment with lactulose improves both cognitive function and HRQOL in patients with cirrhosis who have MHE. |
### Instruction:
Is cardiotrophin-1 an essential factor in the natural defense of the liver against apoptosis?
### Response:
| CT-1-/- mice are highly sensitive to Fas-mediated apoptosis due in part to deficient STAT-3 activation and inadequate control of calpain activity during the apoptotic process. Our data show that CT-1 is a natural defense of the liver against apoptosis. This cytokine may have therapeutic potential. |
### Instruction:
Are haematopoietic and endothelial progenitor cells deficient in quiescent systemic lupus erythematosus?
### Response:
| Patients with SLE have lower levels of circulating HSCs and EPCs, even during clinical remission. The data suggest that increased HSC apoptosis is the underlying cause for this depletion. These observations indicate that progenitor cell-mediated endogenous vascular repair is impaired in SLE, which may contribute to the accelerated development of atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Does pDGF-D inhibition by CR002 ameliorate tubulointerstitial fibrosis following experimental glomerulonephritis?
### Response:
| PDGF-D antagonism, even after the phase of acute glomerular damage, exerts beneficial effects on the course of tubulointerstitial damage, i.e. the final common pathway of most renal diseases. |
### Instruction:
Does use of vascular access ports with intrathoracic drain for treatment of pleural effusion in three dogs?
### Response:
| Findings suggest that subcutaneous vascular access ports attached to intrathoracic drain tubing may be an effective way to remove recurrent pleural effusion in dogs. |
### Instruction:
Does aMD3100 affect autograft lymphocyte collection and progression-free survival after autologous stem cell transplantation in non-Hodgkin lymphoma?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that AMD3100 affects A-ALC and clinical outcome in patients with NHL undergoing ASCT. |
### Instruction:
Do advances in positron emission tomography technology have increased the need for surgical staging in non-small cell lung cancer?
### Response:
| Improvements in PET technology have increased integrated PET/CT sensitivity at the cost of significantly decreased specificity. Although it may appear that integrated PET/CT incurs fewer false negative results, the dramatic increase in false positive results reinforces the notion that integrated PET/CT should be used only as an adjunct to clinical staging and that surgical staging remains the gold standard in non-small cell lung cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does perioperative auricular electroacupuncture have no effect on pain and analgesic consumption after third molar tooth extraction?
### Response:
| We conclude that neither AE nor AA alone reduce either pain intensity or analgesic consumption in a molar tooth extraction model of acute pain. |
### Instruction:
Does global transcriptional analysis delineate the differential inflammatory response interleukin-15 elicits from cultured human T cells?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that exogenous IL-15 may have a potential role in adoptive immunotherapy by both enhancing proliferation and modulating functionality during ex vivo T-cell expansion. |
### Instruction:
Does hoxb3 deficiency impair B lymphopoiesis in mouse bone marrow?
### Response:
| Analysis of T-cell development in the thymus and B1 cell compartment in the peritoneal cavity showed no significant changes. Thus, our findings suggest that the Hoxb3 gene plays an essential role in regulating B lymphopoiesis in the BM of adult mice. |
### Instruction:
Does loss of the tumor suppressor p15Ink4b enhance myeloid progenitor formation from common myeloid progenitors?
### Response:
| This work establishes a role for Ink4b in regulating the differentiation of CMPs and indicates that loss of Ink4b enhances the formation of myeloid progenitors. |
### Instruction:
Do natural killer cells prevent CD28-mediated Foxp3 transcription in CD4+CD25- T lymphocytes?
### Response:
| The current study suggests that activated NK interfere with CD28-mediated Foxp3 expression in CD4(+)CD25(-) T lymphocytes. Our experiments further underline a molecular interaction between IFN-gamma and Foxp3 downstream of CD28 signaling. Together, these results demonstrate that activated NK play a critical role at the initiation step of immune responses by modulating peripheral Treg differentiation. |
### Instruction:
Is contact-dependent induction of regulatory antigen-presenting cells by human mesenchymal stem cells mediated via STAT3 signaling?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that APC's STAT3 plays a key role in mediating the immunomodulatory effects of hMSCs. Moreover, the induction of STAT3 signaling by hMSCs is mediated by a novel mechanism involving cell-cell interaction rather than the classical mechanism of induction by cytokines. |
### Instruction:
Does ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone drop decrease the incidence of physician and patient outcomes of otorrhea after tube placement?
### Response:
| Ciprodex reduced early post-operative otorrhea, clinically diagnosed OM and effusion following TT insertion. The greatest reduction in otorrhea was observed in patients with bilateral effusion at the time of surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does an audiovisual reminder function improve adherence with inhaled corticosteroid therapy in asthma?
### Response:
| An audiovisual reminder function can significantly improve adherence with ICS therapy in adult asthma. |
### Instruction:
Are monocytes from familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome patients activated by mild hypothermia?
### Response:
| FCAS monocytes respond to mild hypothermia with IL-1beta release, which in turn induces autocrine transcription and secretion of IL-6 and TNF-alpha as well as stimulation of further IL-1beta production. |
### Instruction:
Does thymic stromal lymphopoietin convert human epidermal Langerhans cells into antigen-presenting cells that induce proallergic T cells?
### Response:
| These cytokine patterns correspond to those described for TSLP-treated blood DCs. They highlight a direct effect of TSLP on epidermal LCs. |
### Instruction:
Do knockout mice reveal that the angiotensin II type 1B receptor links to smooth muscle contraction?
### Response:
| Reduced angiotensin II contraction is not related to a generalized decrease in smooth muscle function, rather it is specifically due to genetic ablation of the AT(1B) receptor. Our data support the concept that AT(1B) receptors couple to contraction in the mouse abdominal aorta, a function that parallels the single known AT(1) receptor in human vascular smooth muscle. |
### Instruction:
Is testosterone metabolism to 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone and synthesis of sebaceous lipids regulated by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligand linoleic acid in human sebocytes?
### Response:
| These data suggest a catalytic effect of PPAR ligands on cellular testosterone activation by 5alpha-reduction and the importance of the latter for the regulation of sebaceous lipids. |
### Instruction:
Does generation of kinins during preparation and storage of whole blood-derived platelet concentrate?
### Response:
| Storage of PCs contributes to the hydrolysis of high-molecular-weight kininogen and generation of pharmacologically relevant BK levels that might pose a hazard in susceptible patients. |
### Instruction:
Do disruptions and satisfaction in internal medicine resident continuity clinic differ between inpatient and outpatient rotations?
### Response:
| Residents on inpatient rotations who were commonly interrupted in clinic felt pressured to return to ward duties and unable to focus on their clinic patients. Internal medicine faculty should modify curriculum to minimize the interference of other duties in resident clinics. |
### Instruction:
Does indomethacin have a potent antiviral activity against SARS coronavirus?
### Response:
| The results identify INDO as a potent inhibitor of coronavirus replication and suggest that, having both anti-inflammatory and antiviral activity, INDO could be beneficial in SARS therapy. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Alpha-glycosidase help the diagnosis of epididymal obstructive azoospermia ]?
### Response:
| Alpha-Glycosidase has been proved of diagnostic value for epididymal obstructive azoospermia. |
### Instruction:
Does aspirin reduce cutaneous flushing after administration of an optimized extended-release niacin formulation?
### Response:
| Aspirin significantly reduced the incidence, intensity and duration of flushing associated with reformulated niacin ER. These results support the administration of aspirin prophylactically to decrease niacin-induced cutaneous flushing and to improve patient adherence and acceptability of chronic niacin treatment at therapeutic doses. |
### Instruction:
Does nicorandil decrease cardiac events during and after noncardiac surgery?
### Response:
| Nicorandil reduces the frequency of cardiac events in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery, both during and after the operation. |
### Instruction:
Are preinduction glycemia and body mass index important predictors of perioperative insulin management in patients undergoing cardiac surgery?
### Response:
| In cardiac surgical patients with a preinduction glucose above 110 mg/dL, even if diabetes was not previously suspected, perioperative insulin requirements were higher, and intraoperative insulin management is more difficult than in those with a preinduction glucose 110 mg/dL or lower. Preinduction glycemia and BMI are good predictors of perioperative insulin management. Preinduction glycemia above 110 mg/dL predicts difficult perioperative glucose control and, moreover, that a preinduction blood glucose of 110 mg/dL or lower is associated with less insulin need. |
### Instruction:
Is a macrophage marker , Siglec-1 , increased on circulating monocytes in patients with systemic sclerosis and induced by type I interferons and toll-like receptor agonists?
### Response:
| Increased expression of Siglec-1 in circulating SSc monocytes and tissue macrophages suggests that type I IFN-mediated activation of monocytes occurs in SSc, possibly through TLR activation of IFN secretion. These observations indicate a potential role for type I IFN-activated monocyte/macrophages in the pathogenesis of SSc. |
### Instruction:
Does computer-based insulin infusion protocol improve glycemia control over manual protocol?
### Response:
| The CPOE-based intravenous insulin protocol improved glycemia control in SICU patients compared to a previous manual protocol, and reduced time to insulin therapy initiation. Integrating a computer-based insulin protocol into a CPOE system achieved efficient, safe, and effective glycemia control in SICU patients. |
### Instruction:
Do lateral cephalometric radiograph for the planning of maxillary implant reconstruction?
### Response:
| This simple and objective method provided a useful contribution to maxillary reconstruction, and to the functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of the patients. |
### Instruction:
Is dNA single-strand break repair impaired in aprataxin-related ataxia?
### Response:
| This study provides the first direct evidence for the functional involvement of APTX in SSBR and in vivo DNA damage in EAOH/AOA1, and suggests a benefit of antioxidant treatment. |
### Instruction:
Is paternal smoking associated with a decreased prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus among offspring in two national British birth cohort studies ( NCDS and BCS70 )?
### Response:
| This unexpected finding may be explained by germ-line mutations or other mechanisms associated with paternal smoking. This phenomenon should be investigated and these results should not be used as a justification for smoking. Paternal exposures may be important in determining IDDM risk. |
### Instruction:
Is slow change in body mass index during early triplet pregnancy associated with decreased birth weight?
### Response:
| Slow weekly change in BMI (<1 SD from the mean) at 16-25 weeks is associated with decreased birth weight but there was no advantage for fast over a typical weigh gain. |
### Instruction:
Is video of a disaster drill effective in educating registrars on the hospital disaster plan?
### Response:
| This finding justifies compulsory viewing of the video in the registrar orientation package locally and might encourage more widespread use of educational video in hospital disaster preparedness. |
### Instruction:
Is inducibility of the endogenous antibiotic peptide beta-defensin 2 impaired in patients with severe sepsis?
### Response:
| In contrast to healthy individuals and critically ill non-septic patients, ex vivo inducibility of hBD2 in peripheral blood cells from septic patients is reduced. Impaired hBD2 inducibility may contribute to the complex immunological dysfunction in patients with severe sepsis. |
### Instruction:
Does combined treatment with sustained-release basic fibroblast growth factor and heparin enhance neovascularization in hypercholesterolemic mouse hindlimb ischemia?
### Response:
| Combined treatment with sustained-release bFGF and heparin enhanced neovascularization in the hypercholesterolemic hindlimb ischemia model. |
### Instruction:
Does video-assisted thoracic surgery reduce the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation after pulmonary lobectomy?
### Response:
| Regardless of surgical approach, atrial fibrillation after lobectomy occurred with equal frequency. This supports the theory that autonomic denervation and stress-mediated neurohumoral mechanisms are responsible for the pathogenesis of postoperative atrial fibrillation. Prophylaxis regimens against atrial fibrillation should be the same for either operative approach. |
### Instruction:
Do a case of orbital abscess following porous orbital implant infection?
### Response:
| A patient who has risk factors for delayed wound healing must be examined thoroughly and extreme care such as exenteration must be taken if there is persistent infection. |
### Instruction:
Is alleviation of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease in a murine model associated with glucocerebroside-enhanced natural killer T lymphocyte plasticity?
### Response:
| GC ameliorates GVHD in both Th1- and Th2-mediated murine models, suggesting it is able to differentially affect the immune system. GC may alleviate immunologically incongruous disorders, and may be associated with "fine tuning" of immune responses. |
### Instruction:
Do pPAR-gamma agonists induce the expression of VEGF and its receptors in cultured cardiac myofibroblasts?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates the induction of the VEGF accompanied by a reduction of NF-kappaB activity (inflammatory signaling) by PPAR-gamma agonists in cardiac myoFb. These results may further the understanding of the beneficial effects of PPAR-gamma agonists on infarcted tissue repair and angiogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Is hepatitis C virus infection associated with insulin resistance among older adults with or at risk of HIV infection?
### Response:
| The potential impact of HCV co-infection and obesity on glucose metabolism should be recognized in clinical care, and addressed in future research studies of HIV-infected individuals. |
### Instruction:
Are dCEBIO-mediated dilations attenuated in the female rat middle cerebral artery?
### Response:
| The maximum vasodilation to 3 x 10(-4)M DCEBIO was significantly reduced in females (37 +/- 9%) compared to intact males (70 +/- 4%). Endothelial cell hyperpolarization to DCEBIO was similar in both males and females. Smooth muscle cell hyperpolarization was attenuated in females (2 +/- 1 mV) compared to males (15 +/- 3 mV). Taken together, our data suggest that the transfer of hyperpolarization from the endothelium to the smooth muscle is impeded in the female rat MCA. |
### Instruction:
Is sequence similarity more relevant than species specificity in probabilistic backtranslation?
### Response:
| The prediction quality of a protein backtranslation methis markedly increased by replacing the criterion of most used codon in the same species with a Hidden Markov Model trained with a set of most similar sequences from all species. Moreover, the proposed method allows the quality of prediction to be estimated probabilistically. |
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