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### Instruction:
Are clinical outcomes similar in pulsatile and nonpulsatile left ventricular assist device recipients?
### Response:
| Similarly ill congestive heart failure patients benefited equally well from either a nonpulsatile or a pulsatile LVAD. This may support an expanded role for nonpulsatile LVADs in the treatment of severe heart failure. |
### Instruction:
Is decline in total cerebral blood flow linked with increase in periventricular but not deep white matter hyperintensities?
### Response:
| Decline in total cerebral blood flow is associated with increase in volume of periventricular but not deep white matter hyperintensities. |
### Instruction:
Does hyperglycemia promote microinflammation as evaluated by C-reactive protein in the very elderly?
### Response:
| These results suggest that tight good glycemic control, even in very elderly subjects, may be able to reduce the systemic inflammation that contributes to leads to atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Does dexamethasone prevent visceral hyperalgesia but not colonic permeability increase induced by luminal protease-activated receptor-2 agonist in rats?
### Response:
| Dexamethasone treatment improves PAR-2 agonist-induced visceral hypersensitivity but does not prevent PAR-2 agonist-induced increase in colonic permeability in rats. This effect is coupled with a reduction of colonic mast cell number and RMCP-II contents. |
### Instruction:
Does female gender increase the risk of death during hospitalization for pediatric cardiac surgery?
### Response:
| In-hospital mortality after pediatric cardiac surgery seems to be associated with patient gender but not with the type of insurance or ability to access higher-volume pediatric facilities or teaching hospitals. |
### Instruction:
Is ischemia-modified albumin a highly sensitive serum marker of transient myocardial ischemia induced by coronary vasospasm?
### Response:
| Thus, ischemia-modified albumin may have a role as a biochemical marker for transient myocardial ischemia induced by coronary vasospasm. |
### Instruction:
Are low plasma glutathione levels after reperfused acute myocardial infarction associated with late cardiac events?
### Response:
| Acute myocardial infarction patients have an altered redox state at 5-6 days after successful reperfusion with respect to controls. Low plasma levels of reduced glutathione at discharge are associated with cardiac events at follow-up. |
### Instruction:
Does the HBZ-SP1 isoform of human T-cell leukemia virus type I repress JunB activity by sequestration into nuclear bodies?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that HBZ-mediated sequestration of JunB to the HBZ-NBs may be causing the repression of JunB activity in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Does inhalation injury in severely burned children augment the systemic inflammatory response?
### Response:
| In the present study, we show that an inhalation injury causes alterations in IL-7 and IL-12p70. There were no increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, indicating that an inhalation injury in addition to a burn injury does not augment the systemic inflammatory response early after burn. |
### Instruction:
Does optimization of multidrug resistance 1 gene transfer confer chemoprotection to human hematopoietic cells engrafted in immunodeficient mice?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrated successful chemoprotection against myelosuppression in mice by MDR1-transduced repopulating human hematopoietic cells with an optimized transduction protocol. |
### Instruction:
Do co-morbidity and functional deficits independently contribute to quality of life before chemotherapy in elderly cancer patients?
### Response:
| IADL contributes to global QoL in addition to the known effect of KPS. In addition, co-morbidity independently influences global QoL in elderly cancer patients. |
### Instruction:
Do social interaction behaviors discriminate young children with autism and Williams syndrome?
### Response:
| Although some children with WS demonstrated some ASD behaviors, and a minority of children with WS had coexisting AD, the symptom profile in WS was different from AD. Despite some deficits in communication behaviors, showing, and initiating joint attention, children with WS made social overtures and efforts to engage others, whereas children with AD tended not to do so. |
### Instruction:
Does vascular endothelial growth factor expression predict outcome after primary radiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell cancer?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that the expression of endothelial growth factors in squamous head and neck cancers may predict outcome after radiotherapy. |
### Instruction:
Does psychosocial stress predict future symptom severities in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome and/or obsessive-compulsive disorder?
### Response:
| The impact of antecedent psychosocial adversity is greater on future depressive symptoms than for tic and/or OC symptoms. Worsening OC symptoms are also a predictor of future depressive symptoms. Advancing chronological age is robustly associated with reductions in tic severity. |
### Instruction:
Does matrix metalloprotease-9 in cerebrospinal fluid correlate with disease activity in lymphomatous meningitis?
### Response:
| Matrix metalloprotease-9 correlated strongly with lymphomatous meningitis, but MMP-2, activated MMP-2, activated MMP-9, and 130-kDa MMP did not. |
### Instruction:
Are multiple protein phosphatases required for mitosis in Drosophila?
### Response:
| We identify cell-cycle roles for 22 of 117 Drosophila PPs. Involvement of several PPs in G(2) suggests multiple points for its regulation. Major mitotic roles are played by PP1 with tyrosine PPs and Myotubularin-related PPs having significant roles in regulating chromosome behavior. Finally, depending upon its regulatory subunits, PP2A regulates spindle bipolarity, kinetochore function, and progression into anaphase. Discovery of several novel cell-cycle PPs identifies a need for further studies of protein dephosphorylation. |
### Instruction:
Does the antiwrinkle effect of topical concentrated 2-dimethylaminoethanol involve a vacuolar cytopathology?
### Response:
| The vacuolar cytopathology induced by concentrated organic amines may be the cellular basis of the antiwrinkle effect of DMAE. |
### Instruction:
Does vaccine-induced early control of hepatitis C virus infection in chimpanzees fail to impact on hepatic PD-1 and chronicity?
### Response:
| Despite early control of virus load, a virus-associated tolerogenic-like state can develop in certain individuals independent of vaccination history. |
### Instruction:
Is the Dc ( G48 ) e ( s ) haplotype frequent among the Dce haplotypes within a white population?
### Response:
| The results show four molecular backgrounds for the Dce haplotype and reflect the contribution of African alleles to the genetic pool of the population under study. The molecular characterization of Dce and its frequency distribution may develop a better understanding of the phylogeny of Rh haplotypes. |
### Instruction:
Does cigarette smoking impair bradykinin-stimulated tissue plasminogen activator release in human coronary circulation?
### Response:
| These results suggest that cigarette smoking deteriorates coronary fibrolytic activity, independent of changes in CBF. These findings can at least partly explain the higher risk of coronary thrombosis in smokers. |
### Instruction:
Does contrast echocardiography grading predict pulmonary arteriovenous malformations on CT?
### Response:
| Increased shunt grade predicts increased probability of PAVMs and may be used to guide decisions in the screening algorithm for PAVMs. |
### Instruction:
Does a single episode of neonatal seizures permanently alter glutamatergic synapses?
### Response:
| These molecular consequences are consistent with the alterations in plasticity and memory caused by sNS at the synaptic level. Our data demonstrate the cognitive impact of sNS and associate memory deficits with specific alterations in glutamatergic synaptic function. |
### Instruction:
Is self-reported sleep quality associated with the metabolic syndrome?
### Response:
| Self-reported global sleep quality is significantly related to the metabolic syndrome and several of its core components. |
### Instruction:
Do reticulated platelets and uninhibited COX-1 and COX-2 decrease the antiplatelet effects of aspirin?
### Response:
| Reticulated platelets are associated with diminished antiplatelet effects of aspirin and increased aspirin resistance, possibly because of increased reactivity, and uninhibited COX-1 and COX-2 activity. |
### Instruction:
Does histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin a potentiate doxorubicin-induced apoptosis by up-regulating PTEN expression?
### Response:
| TSA promoted doxorubicin-induced apoptosis through a mechanism that involved the stimulation of Egr-1 expression, acetylation of core histones at the PTEN promoter, and consequently induction of PTEN transcription. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the therapeutic application of combined treatment of TSA/doxorubicin for cancer. |
### Instruction:
Do seizures lead to elevation of intracranial pressure in children undergoing invasive EEG monitoring?
### Response:
| Seizures in general and generalized tonic-clonic seizures, in particular, increase ICP temporarily in patients who are undergoing invasive EEG monitoring with subdural grids. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Education provide cognitive reserve in cognitive deterioration and dementia ]?
### Response:
| Our data confirm that education, or some other related factor, determines the amount of cognitive loss needed for clinical expression of the pathological illness and gives the individuals more tolerance to these processes. |
### Instruction:
Is term Amniotic membrane a high throughput source for multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells with the ability to differentiate into endothelial cells in vitro?
### Response:
| The current study suggests that AM-hMSCs may emerge as a remarkable tool for the cell therapy of multiple diseased tissues. AM-hMSCs may potentially assist both bone and cartilage repair, nevertheless, due to their angiogenic potential, they may also pave the way for novel approaches in the development of tissue-engineered vascular grafts which are useful when vascularization of ischemic tissues is required. |
### Instruction:
Do soy protein isolates of varied isoflavone content influence serum thyroid hormones in healthy young men?
### Response:
| Results of this study demonstrate that soy isoflavones in a protein matrix do not significantly influence circulating thyroid hormones in healthy young men. |
### Instruction:
Does age modify the pituitary TSH response to thyroid failure?
### Response:
| For the same degree of thyroid failure, the serum TSH is lower among the elderly. This is most likely caused by a decrease in the hypothalamic/pituitary response to low serum T4. A certain increase in serum TSH may indicate more severe hypothyroidism in an old than in a young patient, and longer time may be needed after thyroid hormone withdrawal before elderly patients with thyroid cancer reach sufficiently high TSH values to allow for an effective radio-iodine treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does gene expression profiling reveal potential biomarkers of human hepatocellular carcinoma?
### Response:
| We suggest that a diagnostic signature approach using a combined score of these five biomarkers rather than a single marker may improve the prediction accuracy of HCC patients, including those with normal serum AFP and smaller-sized tumors. |
### Instruction:
Do sympathetic disturbances increase risk of sudden cardiac arrest in sporadic ALS?
### Response:
| Patients with ALS had reduced sympathetic activities at the terminal stage of disease, presumably due to neuronal loss in IML, which may increase risk of sudden cardiac arrest. Thus, prolonged QTc intervals and increased QTc dispersion may suggest an increased risk of sudden death in ALS, as in other neurodegenerative diseases. |
### Instruction:
Is valvular heart disease by transthoracic echocardiography associated with focal brain injury and central neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus?
### Response:
| In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, VHD detected by TTE is associated with focal brain injury and NPSLE. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein by torcetrapib modestly increase macrophage cholesterol efflux to HDL?
### Response:
| These data indicate that inhibition of CETP by torcetrapib causes a modest increase in the ability of HDL to promote net cholesterol efflux at the 60 mg dose, and a more dramatic increase at the 120 mg dose in association with enhanced particle functionality. |
### Instruction:
Is aPOE epsilon4 associated with impaired verbal learning in patients with MS?
### Response:
| We found an association of APOE epsilon4 with impaired verbal learning in patients with multiple sclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Is dHA depletion in rat brain associated with impairment on spatial learning and memory?
### Response:
| The spatial learning and memory in adult rats are partially impaired by brain DHA depletion. |
### Instruction:
Does hyperthyroidism induce apoptosis in rat liver through activation of death receptor-mediated pathways?
### Response:
| This study showed that hyperthyroidism-induced apoptosis in rat liver involves the activation of death receptor-mediated pathways, including p75NTR. |
### Instruction:
Is bacterial translocation downregulated by anti-TNF-alpha monoclonal antibody administration in rats with cirrhosis and ascites?
### Response:
| In the experimental model of CCl(4)-induced rat with cirrhosis and ascitic fluid, anti-TNF-alpha mAb administration decreases the incidence of bacterial translocation, in a TNF-alpha/sTNF-alpha receptor-independent manner, without increasing the risk of systemic infections. |
### Instruction:
Does gastroepiploic artery grafting improve the late outcome in patients with bilateral internal thoracic artery grafting?
### Response:
| In comparison with SVG grafting, GEA grafting to the right coronary artery did not significantly improve the late outcomes in patients with bilateral internal thoracic artery grafting. |
### Instruction:
Do troponin I and lactate from coronary sinus predict cardiac complications after myocardial revascularization?
### Response:
| Coronary sinus troponin I and lactate are predictive for cardiac complications after myocardial revascularization. Intraoperative biochemical assays should be routinely performed to establish preventative strategies to reduce further myocardial damage. |
### Instruction:
Does intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography modify strategy in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting?
### Response:
| Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography is a valuable adjunct and can result in a major change of surgical strategy in a significant number of patients when used routinely for OPCAB. It may also improve surgical outcome and add to the OPCAB benefits. |
### Instruction:
Do growth factors improve gene expression after lentiviral transduction in human adult and fetal hepatocytes?
### Response:
| This has implications for the design of regimes for liver cell gene therapy, allowing marked reduction of MOIs, and reducing both cost and risk of viral-mediated toxicity. |
### Instruction:
Is transmission via the face one route of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus cross-infection within a hospital?
### Response:
| Our study reveals the possibility of MRSA being transmitted by way of patients' faces in a hospital. |
### Instruction:
Does in vitro function and phagocytosis of galactosylated platelet concentrate after long-term refrigeration?
### Response:
| It is shown that refrigerated human PLTs retain in vitro function better than RT PLTs during storage and demonstrate that galactosylation prevents recognition of stored refrigerated PLTs by macrophages in vitro. |
### Instruction:
Is shorter CAG repeat length in the AR gene associated with poor outcome in head and neck cancer?
### Response:
| These results suggest that short [CAG](n) repeat length (<or=20) polymorphism is associated with poor prognosis in a subset of male patients with head and neck cancer and that AR gene microsatellite instability is uncommon in these tumors. |
### Instruction:
Does dual blockade of aldosterone and angiotensin II additively suppress TGF-beta and NADPH oxidase in the hypertensive kidney?
### Response:
| The association of Epl to ACEI is beneficial due to further reduction of NADPH oxidase and specific inhibition of TGF-beta resulting in improvement of renal damage. |
### Instruction:
Is obesity associated with increased risks of prostate cancer metastasis and death after initial cancer diagnosis in middle-aged men?
### Response:
| Obesity at the time of diagnosis was associated with increased risks of prostate cancer metastasis and death. The increased risk of prostate cancer death or metastasis associated with obesity largely was independent of key clinical prognostic factors at diagnosis. |
### Instruction:
Do [ High prevalence of connexin-26 ( GJB2 ) mutation in cochlear implant recipients ]?
### Response:
| Mutations in the GJB2 gene were a major cause of deafness in cochlear implant recipients, the carrier frequency of 235delC mutation was highest. |
### Instruction:
Does wnt signaling induce differentiation of progenitor cells in organotypic keratinocyte cultures?
### Response:
| These results are consistent with the phenotypes reported for transgenic mice engineered to have gain or loss of function of Wnt signaling in skin, which would recommend our culture model as an accurate one for molecular analysis. Since it is known that canonical ligands are expressed in skin, it is likely that this pathway normally regulates the balance of growth and differentiation, and suggests it could be important to pathogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Is expert-type knowledge structure in medical students associated with increased odds of diagnostic success?
### Response:
| The number of expert-type concepts in knowledge structure is associated with increased odds of diagnostic success. Scheme use by small-group preceptors is associated with an increased number of expert-type concepts in knowledge structure. |
### Instruction:
Does advanced cardiac life support training improve long-term survival from in-hospital cardiac arrest?
### Response:
| The presence of at least one ACLS-trained team member at in-hospital resuscitation efforts increases both short and long-term survival following cardiac arrest. |
### Instruction:
Is pulmonary vein conduction the major finding in patients with atrial tachyarrhythmias after intraoperative maze ablation?
### Response:
| Incomplete lesions after non-"cut and sew" maze operation are associated with PV conduction and recurrence of ATas. Electrical isolation of ipsilateral PVs and completion of linear lesions guided by 3-D EA mapping is feasible and successful in maintaining sinus rhythm during mid term follow-up. Completeness of linear lesions using EP endpoints should be confirmed during the initial surgical procedure to minimize ATa recurrences. |
### Instruction:
Are serum copper and zinc concentrations lower in Iranian patients with angiographically defined coronary artery disease than in subjects with a normal angiogram?
### Response:
| Serum copper and zinc concentrations were significantly lower in Iranian patients with abnormal versus those with a normal angiogram. However, the zinc/copper ratio was higher in patients with CAD compared to subjects without CAD. Serum zinc and copper concentrations appear to be influenced by several physiological factors including age and gender. |
### Instruction:
Does apolipoprotein CI aggravate atherosclerosis development in ApoE-knockout mice despite mediating cholesterol efflux from macrophages?
### Response:
| Systemic apoCI increases atherosclerosis, probably by inducing hyperlipidemia. Despite decreasing macrophage lipid accumulation in vitro, apoCI production by macrophages locally in the arterial wall does not affect atherosclerosis development in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Lipid peroxidation affect serum T and Bcl-2 expression in the testis of aging male rats ]?
### Response:
| Lipid peroxidation affects the concentration of serum T and the expression of bcl-2 in the Leydig cells of aging male rats. |
### Instruction:
Does cYP2D6 worldwide genetic variation show high frequency of altered activity variants and no continental structure?
### Response:
| Our study shows that (i) CYP2D6 diversity is far greater within than between populations and groups thereof, (ii) null or low-activity variants occur at high frequencies in various areas of the world, (iii) linkage disequilibrium is lowest in Africa and highest in the Americas. Patterns of variation, within and among populations, are similar to those observed for other autosomal markers (e.g. microsatellites and protein polymorphisms), suggesting that the diversity observed at the CYP2D6 locus reflects the same factors affecting variation at random genome markers. |
### Instruction:
Does elimination kinetics of metals after an accidental exposure to welding fume?
### Response:
| Aluminium showed a mono-exponential decay, whereas the elimination of chromium and nickel was biphasic in biological fluids of the accidentally exposed welder. The half-lives were as follows: for aluminium 140 days (urine) and 160 days (plasma); for chromium 40 and 730 days (urine); for nickel 25 and 610 days (urine) as well as 30 and 240 days (blood). The renal clearance of aluminium and nickel was about 2 l/h estimated for the last monitoring day. |
### Instruction:
Does valproic acid improve psychotic agitation without influencing plasma risperidone levels in schizophrenic patients?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the addition of valproic acid to risperidone is both effective and well tolerated for treating excitement and impulsiveness in schizophrenic patients without influencing the metabolism of risperidone, and treatment with valproic acid and risperidone. |
### Instruction:
Is ventilation heterogeneity a major determinant of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma , independent of airway inflammation?
### Response:
| Baseline ventilation heterogeneity is a strong predictor of airway hyperresponsiveness, independent of airway inflammation in subjects with asthma. Its persistent relationship with airway hyperresponsiveness following anti-inflammatory treatment suggests that it is an important independent determinant of airway hyperresponsiveness. Normalisation of ventilation heterogeneity is therefore a potential goal of treatment that may lead to improved long-term outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Is the Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist a direct target gene of PPARalpha in liver?
### Response:
| In addition to down-regulating expression of pro-inflammatory genes, PPARalpha suppresses the inflammatory response by direct up-regulation of genes with anti-inflammatory properties. |
### Instruction:
Does progesterone reduce erectile dysfunction in sleep-deprived spontaneously hypertensive rats?
### Response:
| Our data showed that the low frequency of genital reflexes found in SHR sleep deprived rats may be attributed to the lower concentrations of progesterone in these rats, based on the observation that progesterone replacement increased genital reflexes in this strain. |
### Instruction:
Do false occurrences of functional motifs in protein sequences highlight evolutionary constraints?
### Response:
| Our thorough statistical and biological analysis showed that there are several mechanisms and evolutionary constraints both of which affect the appearance of functional motifs in protein sequences. |
### Instruction:
Do lOH at chromosome 9q34.3 and the Notch1 gene methylation are less involved in oral squamous cell carcinomas?
### Response:
| Comparing with the alterations at 9q33 to 34.2 regions, LOH at 9q34.3 and methylation of the Notch1 gene was less involved in oral squamous cell carcinomas. |
### Instruction:
Is two hour mean GH superior to basal GH for the follow-up of acromegalic patients treated with Octreotide LAR?
### Response:
| There was no benefit to perform GH curves with the present protocol. It may be due to our established outpatient follow up protocol. The use of more complex protocols and the cost of multiple GH assays should be acknowledged, and probably reserved for patients with basal GH levels between 1 and 5 microg/L with discordant GH and IGF-I. |
### Instruction:
Does massage relieve nausea in women with breast cancer who are undergoing chemotherapy?
### Response:
| This study complements previous studies on the effect of massage and supports the conclusion that massage reduces nausea in these patients. |
### Instruction:
Are promoter regions of Plasmodium vivax poorly or not recognized by Plasmodium falciparum?
### Response:
| Together, this data indicates that promoter regions of P. vivax are poorly or not recognized by the P. falciparum transcription machinery suggesting the existence of P. vivax-specific transcription regulatory elements. |
### Instruction:
Is differential regulation of gene products in newly synthesized Brassica napus allotetraploids related to protein function nor subcellular localization?
### Response:
| Protein identification showed that functionally related polypeptides (isoforms and complex subunits) could be differentially regulated in synthetic B. napus in comparison to its diploid progenitors while such proteins are usually expected to display co-regulation. The genetic redundancy within an allopolyploid could explain why functionally related proteins could display imbalanced levels of expression. No functional category, no metabolic pathway and no subcellular localization was found to be over- or under-represented within non-additive polypeptides, suggesting that the differential regulation of gene products was not related to functional properties of the proteins. Thus, at the protein level, there is no evidence for the "genomic shock" expected in neo-polyploids and the overall topology of protein networks and metabolic pathways is conserved in synthetic allotetraploids of B. napus in comparison to its diploid progenitors B. rapa and B. oleracea. |
### Instruction:
Does long term highly saturated fat diet induce NASH in Wistar rats?
### Response:
| Long term high saturated fat feeding led to increased "peripheral" fat storage and BAT thermogenesis but did not induce hepatic steatosis and NASH. |
### Instruction:
Do aCE inhibitor and AT1-receptor blocker attenuate the production of VEGF in mesothelial cells?
### Response:
| The results indicate that ACE inhibitors and AT1-receptor blockers are capable of effectively attenuating the overproduction of VEGF due to proinflammatory cytokine stimuli. These data suggest that locally produced angiotensin II in the peritoneal cavity may be a potential therapeutic target in ultrafiltration failure during longterm PD. |
### Instruction:
Is lymphocyte DNA damage associated with increased aortic intima-media thickness?
### Response:
| Lymphocyte DNA damage may be an independent predictor for the grade of thoracic IMT, and may play a role in pathogenesis of thoracic atherosclerosis besides TAS and cholesterol levels. |
### Instruction:
Do well-known quorum sensing inhibitors affect bacterial quorum sensing-regulated bean sprout spoilage?
### Response:
| Among the several well-known QSI compounds, only PenS-AHL and HepS-AHL, inhibited QS-regulated protease activity of Pectobacterium A2JM in broth cultures, but had no effect on bean sprout spoilage. |
### Instruction:
Does plasma brain natriuretic peptide correlate with infarct size but not with subsequent remodeling in the rat heart?
### Response:
| Thus, after a large myocardial infarction in the rat, despite progressive left ventricular dilation and increase in wall stress, plasma brain natriuretic peptide did not progress over time. This indicates that, although plasma brain natriuretic peptide is a good indicator of infarct size and left ventricular dilation, it cannot be used to trace progressive ventricular remodeling in the rat heart after myocardial infarction. |
### Instruction:
Do combined activities of secretory phospholipases and eosinophil lysophospholipases induce pulmonary surfactant dysfunction by phospholipid hydrolysis?
### Response:
| The combined activities of sPLA(2)s and eosinophil lysophospholipases are necessary to degrade surfactant phospholipids sufficiently to induce functional losses in surfactant activity as reported in asthma. |
### Instruction:
Is comorbidity an independent predictor of complete remission in elderly patients receiving induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia?
### Response:
| : The results from this study indicated that associated comorbidities are independent factors that may influence achievement of CR in elderly patients with AML. Such a scoring system may be useful in the prognostic staging systems that are used to identify patients with AML who can benefit from induction chemotherapy. |
### Instruction:
Is admission facility associated with outcome of basilar artery occlusion?
### Response:
| BAO patients who were admitted primarily to community hospitals had a worse prognosis. Patients with typical symptoms should have direct access to stroke centers, or may need bridging therapies. |
### Instruction:
Does acetylcholine activate protein kinase C-alpha in pulmonary venous smooth muscle?
### Response:
| Acetylcholine contraction is attenuated by PKC inhibition in PVSM. Acetylcholine induces translocation of PKC-alpha from cytoplasm to membrane in PVSM. These results suggest that PKC-dependent acetylcholine contraction in PVSM may involve activation and translocation of PKC-alpha. |
### Instruction:
Are left ventricular eccentric remodeling and matrix loss mediated by bradykinin and precede cardiomyocyte elongation in rats with volume overload?
### Response:
| Immediately after ACF induction, eccentric LV remodeling is mediated by interstitial collagen loss without cardiomyocyte elongation. Acute BK2R blockade prevents eccentric LV remodeling and improves function. Chronic ACE inhibition does not prevent eccentric LV remodeling or improve function. These findings suggest that ACE inhibitor-mediated increase in LV BK exacerbates matrix loss and explains why ACE inhibition is ineffective in VO. |
### Instruction:
Is impaired apoptosis of pulmonary endothelial cells associated with intimal proliferation and irreversibility of pulmonary hypertension in congenital heart disease?
### Response:
| Irreversible PHT is strongly associated with impaired endothelial cell apoptosis and antiapoptotic signaling from perivascular inflammatory cells. These changes are associated with intimal proliferation and vessel narrowing, and thereby may contribute to clinical outcomes associated with pulmonary hypertension. |
### Instruction:
Does use of both internal thoracic arteries in diabetic patients increase deep sternal wound infection?
### Response:
| There is a significant increase in the incidence of deep sternal would infection in diabetic patients. This is further increased with the use of both internal thoracic arteries with no apparent short-term mortality difference. |
### Instruction:
Does exposure of male rats to cyclophosphamide alter the chromatin structure and basic proteome in spermatozoa?
### Response:
| Paternal exposure to CPA alters sperm chromatin structure, as well as the composition of sperm head basic proteins. We speculate that these changes underlie effects on fertilization and embryo development. |
### Instruction:
Does cyclic compression loaded on cartilage explants enhance the production of reactive oxygen species?
### Response:
| Mechanical compression at 2.0 MPa inhibited PG synthesis by cartilage explants. ROS were involved in this action. |
### Instruction:
Does sry delivery to the adrenal medulla increase blood pressure and adrenal medullary tyrosine hydroxylase of normotensive WKY rats?
### Response:
| These results provide continued support that Sry is a candidate gene for hypertension. Also, these results are consistent with a role for Sry in increasing BP by directly or indirectly activating sympathetic nervous system activity. |
### Instruction:
Is retinoschisin a peripheral membrane protein with affinity for anionic phospholipids and affected by divalent cations?
### Response:
| RS in intact retina is a peripheral membrane protein. Although distributed over the two membrane faces, RS is associated primarily with the outer leaflet of the inner segment plasma membrane through anionic phospholipids and divalent cations. RS's localization in photoreceptors and its biochemical properties suggest a functional role locally, at the site of secretion and membrane adhesion, in maintaining the photoreceptor inner segment stability and architecture. |
### Instruction:
Does posterior spinal fusion for scoliosis in duchenne muscular dystrophy diminish the rate of respiratory decline?
### Response:
| Posterior spinal fusion for scoliosis in DMD is associated with a significant decrease in the rate of respiratory decline postsurgery compared with presurgery rates. |
### Instruction:
Does thoracoscopic scoliosis surgery affect pulmonary function less than thoracotomy at 2 years postsurgery?
### Response:
| This study shows a clear advantage to the minimally invasive thoracoscopic approach with regards to pulmonary function when compared with the open thoracotomy approaches. |
### Instruction:
Does production of leukotriene C4 by peripheral blood leukocytes stimulated with anti-fcepsilonRI antibody , PMA , and fMLP correlate with irreversible airway obstruction in asthmatics?
### Response:
| Our results do not confirm the hypothesis that airway remodeling in asthma might be related to enhanced ability of leukocytes to produce cysteinyl leukotrienes in response to various stimuli. |
### Instruction:
Is physical activity associated with incident disability in community-based older persons?
### Response:
| For community-based older persons without dementia, physical activity is associated with maintenance of functional status, including a reduced risk of developing impairment in ADLs and IADLs. |
### Instruction:
Is use of nonprescription dietary supplements for weight loss common among Americans?
### Response:
| Use of supplements for losing weight seems to be common among many segments of the US adult population. Many adults are long-term users and most do not discuss this practice with their physician. Most of the weight-loss supplements taken contain stimulants. Qualified professionals should inquire about use of supplements for weight loss to facilitate discussion about the lack of efficacy data, possible adverse effects, as well as to dispel misinformation that may interfere with sound weight-management practices. |
### Instruction:
Is participation in weight-related sports associated with higher use of unhealthful weight-control behaviors and steroid use?
### Response:
| The current study shows that participation in a sport that adolescents perceive as emphasizing weight is strongly associated with unhealthful weight-control behaviors and steroid use. Preventive efforts, targeting parents, coaches, and adolescents are needed to decrease this risk. |
### Instruction:
Do an update on the management of Wilms ' tumour?
### Response:
| Controversy exists as to the best approach to the management of these children with regard to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Challenges remain in the identification of histological and molecular risk factors for the stratification of treatment intensity. |
### Instruction:
Does growth hormone reverse nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in a patient with adult growth hormone deficiency?
### Response:
| These results suggest that GH plays an essential role in the metabolic and redox regulation in the liver. |
### Instruction:
Do nanomaterials induce oxidized low-density lipoprotein cellular uptake in macrophages and platelet aggregation?
### Response:
| The present study confirmed novel effects of nanomaterials in macrophages and platelets. These effects suggest that exposure to nanomaterials might be a risk for atherothrombotic diseases. |
### Instruction:
Does explicit attention interfere with selective emotion processing in human extrastriate cortex?
### Response:
| The present findings demonstrate that taxing processing resources by a competing primary visual attention task markedly attenuated the early discrimination of emotional from neutral picture contents. Thus, these results provide further empirical support for an interference account of the emotion-attention interaction under conditions of competition. Previous studies revealed the interference of selective emotion processing when attentional resources were directed to locations of explicitly task-relevant stimuli. The present data suggest that interference of emotion processing by competing task demands is a more general phenomenon extending to the domain of feature-based attention. Furthermore, the results are inconsistent with the notion of effortlessness, i.e., early emotion discrimination despite concurrent task demands. These findings implicate to assess the presumed automatic nature of emotion processing at the level of specific aspects rather than considering automaticity as an all-or-none phenomenon. |
### Instruction:
Is possible role of adrenomedullin in the regulation of Fontan circulation : mature form of plasma adrenomedullin extracted in the lung in patients with Fontan procedure?
### Response:
| Results suggest that in Fontan circulation plasma AM-m is increased in parallel with those of AM-T and AM-Gly and that AM-m is extracted in the lung. Extracted AM-m may be involved in the regulation of pulmonary arterial tonus, although further studies are necessary to elucidate the exact role of AM in Fontan circulation. |
### Instruction:
Does acute left ventricular dyssynchrony improvement predict long-term benefit from cardiac resynchronization therapy?
### Response:
| Acute recovery of LV intraventricular dyssynchrony is a major discriminator between responders and nonresponders to CRT, which strongly correlates with a favorable long-term clinical outcome. |
### Instruction:
Is diagnosis of Unruptured Ectopic Pregnancy Still Uncommon in Ghana?
### Response:
| Health education to encourage women to attend clinic early in pregnancy, especially when experiencing unusual symptoms of lower abdominal pain and irregular vaginal bleeding could help in the diagnosis of unruptured ectopic pregnancy. Judicious use of diagnostic aids for detecting unruptured ectopic pregnancy by health care providers should improve upon the detection rates. |
### Instruction:
Does maximum ventricular dyssynchrony predict clinical improvement and reverse remodeling during cardiac resynchronization therapy?
### Response:
| TSI was useful to measure IVCDmax. A greater IVCDmax before CRT that decreased shortly after onset of CRT may predict long-term clinical improvement in CRT recipients. |
### Instruction:
Does the combination of type I interferon and ribavirin have an inhibitory effect on mouse hepatitis virus infection?
### Response:
| These data indicate that this MHV-infection system is a good animal model to assess anti-HCV activity for therapy using IFN and ribavirin, and suggest that administering IFN-beta before the start of combination therapy with ribavirin and IFN-alpha promotes the therapeutic effects of combination treatment with ribavirin and IFN-alpha ?in chronic hepatitis C patients. |
### Instruction:
Does multifaceted education initiative minimize pethidine prescribing in the emergency department?
### Response:
| Our education initiative resulted in a sustained and significant reduction in pethidine prescribing in the ED. Sustainability requires ongoing in-services for ED staff, usually as part of the orientation programme. |
### Instruction:
Is caveolin-1 overexpression associated with aggressive prostate cancer recurrence?
### Response:
| Over-expression of Caveolin-1 was associated with established features of prostate cancer and aggressive PSA recurrence. Caveolin-1 might help identify patients at high risk of developing aggressive prostate cancer recurrence, thus allowing selection of patients who might benefit from early systemic therapeutic intervention. |
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