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### Instruction:
Does stroke volume plateau during graded exercise in elite male distance runners?
### Response:
| Results from university distance runners and untrained university students support the classic observation that SV plateaus at about 40% of maximal oxygen consumption despite increasing intensity of exercise. In contrast, stroke volume in the elite athletes does not plateau but increases continuously with increasing in... |
### Instruction:
Is ileoanal pouch function related to postprandial pouch tone?
### Response:
| In patients with uniform pouch design and follow-up after pouch construction, pouch compliance and sensitivity were no different between patients with normal and high stool frequency; however, postprandial pouch tone was increased significantly in patients with a high stool frequency. |
### Instruction:
Is liver cancer risk increased in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda in comparison to matched control patients with chronic liver disease?
### Response:
| Patients with porphyria are at higher risk of developing liver cancer than matched control patients. |
### Instruction:
Are frontal horn thin walled cysts in preterm neonates benign?
### Response:
| The incidence of frontal horn cysts in this low birthweight population was 7 per 1000 (0.7%) subjects scanned. They are present in the first week of life, enlarge, and resolve spontaneously. Survivors with isolated frontal horn cysts appear to have normal neurodevelopmental outcome. The prognosis of these distinct fron... |
### Instruction:
Does correction of early subnormal superior hemiretinal DeltaPO ( 2 ) predict therapeutic efficacy in experimental diabetic retinopathy?
### Response:
| An early subnormal superior hemiretinal DeltaPO(2) after treatment appears to be a good predictor of the risk of development of retinopathy, as well as for assessing therapeutic efficacy in experimental diabetic retinopathy. |
### Instruction:
Does neutralization of interleukin-1beta in the acute phase of myocardial infarction promote the progression of left ventricular remodeling?
### Response:
| Anti-IL-1beta treatment suppressed pro-collagen gene expression and delayed wound healing mechanisms-properties that are likely to lead to progression of LV remodeling. In the acute phase of MI, IL-1beta appears to play a protective role. |
### Instruction:
Is a smooth blood pressure control obtained over 24 h by delapril in mild to moderate essential hypertensives?
### Response:
| Delapril effectively and smoothly reduces BP over 24 h, this effect being evident also on PP, a parameter with a relevant prognostic value. |
### Instruction:
Is height associated with long-term survival after acute myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| Although stature may be associated with the risk of acute myocardial infarction, it is not associated with long-term survival after such an event. |
### Instruction:
Is acrosome index an absolute predictor of the outcome following conventional in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection?
### Response:
| Evaluation of acrosome index will not accurately predict fertilization, although this study shows that a sperm sample with less than 5% normal forms and an AI greater than 7% may achieve a mean fertilization rate > 70% after conventional IVF. |
### Instruction:
Does effective maintenance of inflammatory bowel disease remission by azathioprine require concurrent 5-aminosalicylate therapy?
### Response:
| Concurrent use of 5-aminosalicylate drugs did not reduce the relapse rates of inflammatory bowel disease patients who were established on azathioprine therapy. The use of 5-aminosalicylate drugs did not lead to any increase in discontinuation of azathioprine due to adverse events. |
### Instruction:
Is twenty-four-hour pH monitoring required to confirm acid reflux suppression in patients with Barrett 's oesophagus undergoing anti-reflux surgery?
### Response:
| In patients with Barrett's oesophagus, relief of reflux symptoms following laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery is unreliable as an indicator of acid reflux suppression. |
### Instruction:
Do cD4+ Th1-cells predominate in low-grade B-cell lymphoma of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue ( MALT type )?
### Response:
| The data point towards a dominant intratumoral IFN-gamma dominated T-cell response associated with early low-grade MALT lymphoma. A polarized IFN-gamma dominated Th1-type response may either contribute to the inability of the immune system to eradicate H. pylori infection, thereby promoting the activation status of the... |
### Instruction:
Does hypercapnia invoke an acute loss of contrast sensitivity in untreated glaucoma patients?
### Response:
| Glaucoma patients with early disease exhibit central vision deficits as shown by contrast sensitivity testing at 3 cpd. Hypercapnia induces further contrast loss through a range of spatial frequencies (6-18 cpd) which may be predictive of further neuronal damage due to glaucoma. |
### Instruction:
Is alkaline phosphatase from rat liver and kidney differentially modulated?
### Response:
| a) renal TNALP seems to be more sensitive to inhibition than hepatic TNALP, b) TNALP activity studies should take into account the source of ALP isoform and c) ALP pharmacological manipulation in vivo may produce different and even opposite effects in different tissues/organs. |
### Instruction:
Does degranulation influence heparin-associated inhibition of RT-PCR in human lung mast cells?
### Response:
| Degranulation influences the degree of heparin-associated inhibition of RT-PCR in HLMC, and that spin column purification of tcRNA is a time-saving, effective alternative to heparinase pre-treatment. |
### Instruction:
Is restricted diffusion within ring enhancement pathognomonic for brain abscess?
### Response:
| In patients with ring-enhancing cerebral mass lesions, restricted diffusion might be characteristic but is not pathognomonic for abscess, as low ADC values also may be found in brain metastases. |
### Instruction:
Does beta-catenin antisense treatment decrease beta-catenin expression and tumor growth rate in colon carcinoma xenografts?
### Response:
| beta-Catenin expression plays a critical role in the tumorigenic growth of APC-mutant colon cancer xenografts. Strategies targeting beta-catenin, including the use of antisense ODNs, may be of use in the treatment of human colon cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does postgraduate year influence operating time in laparoscopic cholecystectomy?
### Response:
| Resident level does not affect the operating time in performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The pathologic acuity of the gallbladders was distributed similarly for all three groups. There was a difference in mean operating time based on pathologic acuity. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be performed in a safe and ef... |
### Instruction:
Do pedicle screw adjustments affect stability of thoracolumbar burst fracture?
### Response:
| The device adjustments affected the spinal construct stability differently in different directions. Although pure compression provided the most stability in most directions, the combined distraction-extension adjustment may be more suitable considering the neural decompression also. |
### Instruction:
Does sevoflurane titration using bispectral index decrease postoperative vomiting in phase II recovery after ambulatory surgery?
### Response:
| In patients undergoing outpatient gynecologic laparoscopy, the monitoring of bispectral index decreases vomiting in Phase II recovery room, but it has no effect on the time to achieve home readiness. |
### Instruction:
Is fIC1 , the protein affected in two forms of hereditary cholestasis , localized in the cholangiocyte and the canalicular membrane of the hepatocyte?
### Response:
| The localization of FIC1 in the canalicular membrane and cholangiocytes suggests that it may directly or indirectly play a role in bile formation since mutations in FICI are associated with severe symptoms of cholestasis. |
### Instruction:
Is histologic multifocality predictive of skin recurrences after conserving treatment of stage I and II breast cancers?
### Response:
| As histologic multifocality is the only factor predictive of dark prognosis local breast cancer recurrences, aggressive therapy at the time of the primary treatment could be the therapeutic implications of such finding on the original tumor. |
### Instruction:
Does aminophylline protect against radiocontrast nephropathy in patients undergoing percutaneous angiographic procedures?
### Response:
| Aminophylline does not appear to add a protective role in preventing against RCN in patients undergoing percutaneous angiographic procedures. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of factor Xa suppress the expression of tissue factor in human monocytes and lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia in rats?
### Response:
| Our results indicated that FXa can induce TF expression in human peripheral monocytes and that inhibition of FXa reduces TF expression in the liver of rat endotoxemia. These results suggest that FXa is an important factor for TF expression in sepsis. |
### Instruction:
Does early coronary angiography improve long-term survival in unstable angina?
### Response:
| Early angiography in the evaluation of patients with unstable angina was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality, particularly in intermediate- and high-risk patients, in this retrospective population-based study. |
### Instruction:
Does prevalence and correlate of smoking and sexual activity among Hong Kong adolescents?
### Response:
| Smoking and sexual activity among adolescents are far less common in Hong Kong than in the West and their presence in a Hong Kong adolescent should alert the health practitioner to the possibility of significant psychosocial stress and maladjustment. |
### Instruction:
Does nO synthase blockade induce chaotic cerebral vasomotion via activation of thromboxane receptors?
### Response:
| The lack of NO in cerebral vessels provokes vulnerability to chaotic vasomotion, which can be triggered by the administration of UTP, whereas excess NO reverses it to stable conditions. The vasomotion after blockade of the NO-cGMP pathway is mediated by activation of thromboxane receptors. |
### Instruction:
Does an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase decrease forearm blood flow in patients with congestive heart failure?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that NO production in the forearms of patients with CHF is induced partly by iNOS activation, whereas in normal subjects, it can be ascribed to cNOS activation. |
### Instruction:
Are polymorphisms in the angiotensinogen gene associated with carotid intimal-medial thickening in females from a community-based population?
### Response:
| This study shows that polymorphisms in the angiotensinogen gene are associated with an increased risk of carotid intimal-medial wall thickening in females. |
### Instruction:
Does magnetic resonance reflect the pathological evolution of Wernicke encephalopathy?
### Response:
| MRI is useful for in vivo monitoring and reflects the pathological evolution in acute and chronic phases of WE. |
### Instruction:
Do comparative analyse of single motor unit pattern in healthy subjects and patients with neuromuscular disorders?
### Response:
| The comparative analysis of MU patterns in healthy subjects and patients with neuro-muscular disorders can help us to disclose inapparent connections between cortical and spinal level of motor control. |
### Instruction:
Is intratumoral hypoxia resulting in the presence of a fibrotic focus an independent predictor of early distant relapse in lymph node-negative breast cancer patients?
### Response:
| A fibrotic focus can be used as a surrogate for quantifying angiogenesis and is an independent predictor of early metastasis in lymph node-negative breast cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does dNA topoisomerase IIalpha expression correlate with cell proliferation but not with recurrence in intracranial meningiomas?
### Response:
| TopoIIalpha expression may be useful as a novel proliferation marker in meningiomas, presenting several advantages over the markers currently in use, notably providing a better estimate of the number of cycling cells and a more uniform nuclear staining pattern. However, it fails to discriminate between benign and atypi... |
### Instruction:
Does vascular endothelial growth factor expression correlate with tumour grade and vascularity in gliomas?
### Response:
| These findings support a role for VEGF in the angiogenesis of glioblastoma, anaplastic astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma. The distinct immunoreactivities of the two commercial monoclonal antibodies indicate either there is expression of different splice variants of VEGF or that the epitopes are differentially revealed ... |
### Instruction:
Does ultrasound-Induced hyperthermia increase cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of P-glycoprotein substrates in multi-drug resistant cells?
### Response:
| The present results point to the potential use of ultrasound-induced hyperthermia as a much safer alternative to P-gp antagonist for reversal of MDR. |
### Instruction:
Does cDNA array hybridization reveal cardiac gene expression in acute ischemic murine hearts?
### Response:
| Using cDNA array analysis we found that cardiac expression of 24 known and 39 unknown genes was modulated by acute ischemic stress, and appeared to be related to the pathophysiology of ischemic hearts. These results show that cDNA array analysis may provide a new molecular insight to the pathophysiology of acute ischem... |
### Instruction:
Does chronic catecholamine depletion switch myocardium from carbohydrate to lipid utilisation?
### Response:
| We conclude that the contribution of FA oxidation to overall energy conversion is increased in chronically denervated hearts, which is postulated to result from a decline in the active form of pyruvate dehydrogenase. This would appear to be a result of chronic catecholamine depletion. |
### Instruction:
Does intravenous amiodarone decrease the duration of atrial fibrillation associated with acute myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| Intravenous amiodarone was well tolerated in patients with AMI complicated by AF and was effective in decreasing the duration of AF. However, the combination of amiodarone and digoxin was superior to amiodarone alone in restoring sinus rhythm faster, maintaining sinus rhythm longer, and allowing the use of a lower cumu... |
### Instruction:
Is src homology 2 domain-containing inositol 5 ' phosphatase negatively associated with histamine release to human recombinant histamine-releasing factor in human basophils?
### Response:
| Taken together, these data suggest that the hyperreleasability of IgE(+) donors is associated with low levels of SHIP and implicate SHIP as an additional regulator of secretion in human basophils. |
### Instruction:
Do the involvement of alpha2-adrenoceptors in the anticonvulsive effect of swim stress in mice?
### Response:
| The results demonstrate the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist-induced potentiation and alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist-induced diminution of the anticonvulsive effect of stress. Additionally, they show the anticonvulsive effect of niguldipine in unstressed and stressed animals. Hence, the results suggest that alpha2-adrenocep... |
### Instruction:
Is less isoflurane required after than before cardiopulmonary bypass to maintain a constant bispectral index value?
### Response:
| Because the level of surgical stimulation was relatively constant and minimal at the times of the measurements, these results are consistent with a reduced need for isoflurane after compared with before CPB. |
### Instruction:
Are norepinephrine-induced aortic hyperplasia and extracellular matrix deposition endothelin-dependent?
### Response:
| Antagonism of ETA receptors effectively and rapidly reversed norepinephrine-induced aortic structural and compositional changes, suggesting a central role of endothelin in mediating this response. Thus, ETA receptor antagonists may help to regress large artery remodeling in conditions of increased circulating catechola... |
### Instruction:
Does angiotensin II modulate calponin gene expression in rat vascular smooth muscle cells in vivo?
### Response:
| Our data demonstrate that both exogenous and endogenous Ang II increase calponin gene expression in aortic smooth muscle cells, independently of the hemodynamic effect of Ang II. |
### Instruction:
Does angiotensin ( 1-7 ) potentiate bradykinin-induced vasodilatation in man?
### Response:
| Ang(1-7) potentiates the vasodilating effect of bradykinin, possibly through a mechanism(s) involving nitric oxide release, in human forearm resistance vessels. |
### Instruction:
Does enalaprilat blunt reflexive increases in cardiac interstitial norepinephrine in conscious rats?
### Response:
| Enalaprilat-induced reduction in mean arterial pressure did not significantly increase cardiac interstitial norepinephrine levels. In contrast, nicardipine-induced reduction in blood pressure was associated with a significant increase in interstitial norepinephrine levels. These results indicate that enalaprilat suppre... |
### Instruction:
Does vO2 slow component correlate with vastus lateralis de-oxygenation and blood lactate accumulation during running?
### Response:
| In conclusion, the results of the present study support our hypothesis that the vastus lateralis de-oxygenation contributes consistently to the VO2 slow component development in running. |
### Instruction:
Does propofol protection of sodium-hydrogen exchange activity sustain glutamate uptake during oxidative stress?
### Response:
| Anesthetic concentrations of propofol maintain the capacity of brain cells to extrude protons during oxidative stress. However, if intracellular acidification occurs nonetheless, then propofol's protection of glutamate clearance mechanisms from oxidative damage becomes attenuated, and extracellular glutamate concentrat... |
### Instruction:
Is number of lymph node metastases determined by presurgical ultrasound and endoscopic ultrasound related to prognosis in patients with esophageal carcinoma?
### Response:
| Not only the stage grouping of TNM classification but also the number of lymph node metastases determined by ultrasound and endoscopic ultrasound before surgery may be useful for predicting prognosis in patients with esophageal carcinoma. |
### Instruction:
Are nutritional status impairments in HIV-infected patients associated with increased TNF-alpha and IL-6 serum levels but not with viral load?
### Response:
| Nutritional status impairments in HIV-positive individuals were associated with immune activation but not with viral load. |
### Instruction:
Is urine interleukin-8 a marker for urinary tract infection in postoperative patients?
### Response:
| In this patient group with postoperative UTI, urine IL-8 was a better marker for the early host response than urine IL-6. |
### Instruction:
Is quality of a family medicine preceptorship significantly associated with matching into family practice?
### Response:
| A number of student characteristics and preferences, early clinical experiences, and the perceived quality of a required family medicine preceptorship were significantly and independently associated with students matching into family practice. |
### Instruction:
Does intravenous administration of human umbilical cord blood reduce behavioral deficits after stroke in rats?
### Response:
| Intravenously administered HUCBC enter brain, survive, migrate, and improve functional recovery after stroke. HUCBC transplantation may provide a cell source to treat stroke. |
### Instruction:
Does combination of decompressive craniectomy and mild hypothermia ameliorate infarction volume after permanent focal ischemia in rats?
### Response:
| Early DC significantly reduces infarction size and improves neurological outcome in MCA infarction in rats. Temporary mild hypothermia delays infarct evolution but does not significantly reduce definite infarction size or improve neurological outcome. Combined hypothermia and DC yield significant additional benefit. |
### Instruction:
Do false positive results have a negative effect on reattendance for subsequent breast screening?
### Response:
| From the results obtained in the present study it would seem that the experience of a false positive breast screen does not deter women from reattending in the future. However, many women living in inner city areas who attend for an initial breast screen are failing to attend for subsequent routine mammograms. This may... |
### Instruction:
Is inflammatory bowel disease associated with an increased risk of lymphoma?
### Response:
| Patients with inflammatory bowel disease do not have an increased risk of lymphoma as compared with the general population. Although we cannot completely rule out a modest increased risk of lymphoma with azathioprine or 6-MP therapy, an increased risk was not observed in this cohort. |
### Instruction:
Is the Asn363Ser variant of the glucocorticoid receptor gene associated with obesity or weight gain in Danish men?
### Response:
| In the examined population this marker is not a relevant predictor of obesity. |
### Instruction:
Is white blood cell count related to arterial pressure and cholesterolemia in normal children?
### Response:
| Even in children, there is a relation between the WBC count and other factors linked with the atherogenic risk. The meaning and the clinical importance of such an association remains to be cleared and it is thus premature to consider 11-year-old children as being at higher cardiovascular risk. An answer to this questio... |
### Instruction:
Is novel dinucleotide repeat polymorphism in the first exon of the STAT-6 gene associated with allergic diseases?
### Response:
| This suggests that genetic variation in the STAT-6 gene may be associated with predisposition to allergic diseases. |
### Instruction:
Does ber-EP4 immunoreactivity depend on the germ layer origin and maturity of the squamous epithelium?
### Response:
| Squamous epithelia of ectodermal origin never express Ber-EP4, whether normal, hyperplastic, dysplastic or neoplastic. In contrast, squamous epithelium of endodermal origin sometimes contains the target glycoproteins of Ber-EP4 when immature, metaplastic, dysplastic or neoplastic. The results indicate that the differen... |
### Instruction:
Is lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia a metaplastic process with a pyloric gland phenotype?
### Response:
| Lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia is a morphologically distinct pseudoneoplastic glandular lesion, which has unique phenotypic characteristics shared by pyloric glands of the stomach. Although most are found incidentally, some cases may show clinical and radiological features resembling those of adenoma malign... |
### Instruction:
Is the cAMP-mediated protein kinase signal transduction pathway involved in the pyrogenic effect of CRH in rats?
### Response:
| cAMP mediates the pyrogenic action of centrally administered of CRH in rats, and protein kinase A may play an important role in the central CRH-induced fever. The cAMP-dependent protein kinase signal transduction pathway may be involved in the central mechanisms of the pyrogenic action of CRH in rats. |
### Instruction:
Is extracorporeal ultrasound an effective diagnostic alternative to endoscopic ultrasound for gastric submucosal tumours?
### Response:
| US can be an alternative method in the assessment of G-SMT, especially in the follow-up of patients already diagnosed. |
### Instruction:
Does immunostimulatory DNA mediate inhibition of eosinophilic inflammation and airway hyperreactivity independent of natural killer cells in vivo?
### Response:
| These studies demonstrate that depletion of NK cells has no significant effect on ISS-mediated inhibition of airway eosinophilia and airway hyperresponsiveness in vivo, suggesting that non-NK cells and cytokines other than IFN-gamma derived from NK cells mediate the majority of the ISS-inhibitory effect on eosinophilic... |
### Instruction:
Does allergen challenge cause inflammation but not goblet cell degranulation in asthmatic subjects?
### Response:
| Although allergen challenge in asthmatic subjects increases airway eosinophil numbers as early as 1 hour after challenge, this inflammatory response does not cause goblet cell degranulation. In fact, in subjects with normal baseline mucin stores, allergen challenge increases goblet cell mucin stores. |
### Instruction:
Is ( CCTTT ) n repeat polymorphism in the NOS2 gene promoter associated with atopy?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that the (CCTTT)(n) repeat polymorphism in the promoter of the NOS2 gene that affects promoter activity is a risk factor for the development of atopy, and this genetic effect seems independent of asthma. |
### Instruction:
Do erythropoietin requirements increase following hospitalization in end-stage renal disease patients?
### Response:
| This study points out that hemodialysis patients experience a significant and prolonged decrease in Hgb levels after hospitalization, even despite a moderate increase in Epo dosing. |
### Instruction:
Does clonidine fail to modify dopaminergic neuronal activity during morphine withdrawal?
### Response:
| The results indicate that: 1) clonidine did not restore the decreased firing activity of DA neurons in morphine-withdrawn rats, and 2) high doses of clonidine increased firing in control rats but not in morphine-withdrawn rats. |
### Instruction:
Is pulse pressure the best predictor of future left ventricular mass and change in left ventricular mass : 10 years of follow-up?
### Response:
| Ambulatory blood pressure improved the prediction of future LVMI compared with that obtained from casual measurements. To our knowledge, this is the longest prospective follow-up to show that pulse pressure is the most significant blood pressure parameter in predicting future LVMI and change in LVMI. |
### Instruction:
Are effects of combined administration of ACE inhibitor and angiotensin II receptor antagonist prevented by a high NaCl intake?
### Response:
| Combined blockade of the renin-angiotensin system can cause death in rats on a reduced NaCl intake. This was prevented by a high salt intake. The syndrome may result from depletion of angiotensinogen and the failure to synthesize sufficient angiotensin II that may be critical for normal cardiac growth and function and ... |
### Instruction:
Is the development of low-grade cerebral edema in cirrhosis supported by the evolution of ( 1 ) H-magnetic resonance abnormalities after liver transplantation?
### Response:
| Cirrhotic patients show reversible changes in magnetization transfer ratio that are compatible with the development of low-grade cerebral edema. Minimal hepatic encephalopathy and low-grade cerebral edema appear to be the consequences of the metabolism of ammonia in the brain. |
### Instruction:
Is tumor necrosis factor alpha-dependent proinflammatory gene induction inhibited by cyclic tensile strain in articular chondrocytes in vitro?
### Response:
| CTS of low magnitude acts as an effective antagonist of TNFalpha not only by inhibiting the TNFalpha-dependent induction of proinflammatory proteins upstream of mRNA transcription, but also by augmenting the proteoglycan synthesis that is inhibited by TNFalpha. |
### Instruction:
Do traditional Framingham risk factors fail to fully account for accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus?
### Response:
| There is a substantial and statistically significant increase in CHD and stroke in SLE that cannot be fully explained by traditional Framingham risk factors alone. |
### Instruction:
Is a decrease in complement associated with increased renal and hematologic activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus?
### Response:
| Decreases in complement levels were not consistently associated with SLE flares, as defined by global measures of disease activity. However, decreasing complement was associated with a concurrent increase in renal and hematologic SLE activity. |
### Instruction:
Is down-regulation of decorin , a transforming growth factor-beta modulator , associated with scarless fetal wound healing?
### Response:
| Early gestation fetal fibroblasts and fetal skin express decorin at lower levels than late gestation fetal and adult fibroblasts and skin. Decorin expression is down-regulated in scarless (E16) compared with scar (E18) wounds. Thus, increased decorin expression is associated with both skin development and scar formatio... |
### Instruction:
Does removal of hyaline articular cartilage reduce lymphocyte infiltration and activation in rheumatoid synovial membrane?
### Response:
| The components of hyaline articular cartilage may be the source of autoantigen responsible for perpetuation of chronic arthritides. |
### Instruction:
Do endorphin and enkephalin ameliorate excessive synovial cell functions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| Leu-ENK, met-ENK, and END inhibited excessive RA synovial cell functions in vitro. The opioid hormones may have not only antinociceptive action, but also antiinflammatory effects on synovitis itself in RA. |
### Instruction:
Do anti-Human type II collagen CD19+ B cells are present in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and healthy individuals?
### Response:
| Anti-CII CD19+ B cells responsive to activated helper T cells are present in both patients with RA and healthy individuals. However, these B cells, especially those secreting the IgG isotype, accumulate in the inflamed joints of RA patients. |
### Instruction:
Do patient and practitioner characteristics predict brief alcohol intervention in primary care?
### Response:
| Interpersonal factors relating to patients and practitioners contributed to the selective provision of brief alcohol intervention in primary care. Ways should be found to remedy this situation or the impact of this evidence-based intervention may be reduced when implemented in routine practice. |
### Instruction:
Do angiotensins II and IV stimulate the rat adrenocortical cell proliferation acting via different receptors?
### Response:
| Both Ang II and Ang IV stimulate the adrenocortical cell proliferation in the rat, but they act via different receptors - AT1 in the case of Ang II and non-AT1 (probably AT4) in the case of Ang IV. |
### Instruction:
Is interferon-gamma involved in the intestinal manifestations of the acute murine semiallogenic graft-versus-host disease?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that IFN-gamma is not crucial for the development of crypt hyperplasia and villous atrophy in the murine semiallogenic GvHD. |
### Instruction:
Is a polymorphism in the coding region of interleukin-13 gene associated with atopy but not asthma in Chinese children?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that the R130Q polymorphism of the IL-13 gene is associated with elevated serum total and allergen-specific IgE but not asthma in Chinese children. |
### Instruction:
Does the allergenic yeast Malassezia furfur induce maturation of human dendritic cells?
### Response:
| The data indicate that immature MDDCs can internalize the opportunistic yeast M. furfur. This process was associated with MDDC maturation, production of pro-inflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines, which might favour induction of a Th2-type immune response, and a capacity to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation. This... |
### Instruction:
Do two-thirds of atrophic body gastritis patients have evidence of Helicobacter pylori infection?
### Response:
| This study shows that two-thirds of ABG patients have evidence of H. pylori infection. This suggests that atrophic gastritis of the corpus is a spectrum of damage where H. pylori is a key agent able to induce gastric atrophic damage and also gastric autoimmunity. |
### Instruction:
Does the gelatin-derived plasma substitute Gelofusine cause low-molecular-weight proteinuria by decreasing tubular protein reabsorption?
### Response:
| When analyzing proteinuria in patients in the intensive care unit it should be considered that Gelofusine increases the urinary excretion of proteins, in particular those of low molecular weight. This effect is most likely due to competitive inhibition of tubular protein reabsorption. |
### Instruction:
Is quality of life impaired in men with chronic prostatitis : the Chronic Prostatitis Collaborative Research Network?
### Response:
| Men with chronic prostatitis experience impairment in the mental and physical domains of general HRQOL, as well as condition-specific HRQOL. To optimize the care of men with this condition, clinicians should consider administering HRQOL instruments to their patients to better understand the impact of the condition on p... |
### Instruction:
Is high vascularity in the peripheral region of non-small cell lung cancer tissue associated with tumor progression?
### Response:
| High MVD-p is associated with advancement of NSCLC, and it was particularly apparent in conjunction with high VEGF expression. |
### Instruction:
Is transmembrane carbonic anhydrase , MN/CA IX , a potential biomarker for biliary tumours?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that abnormal expression of MN/CA IX may be linked to malignant transformation of hepatobiliary cells. In addition, it seems to be a promising marker for biliary differentiation in hepatobiliary neoplasms. |
### Instruction:
Is natural cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity ( ADCC ) impaired in patients suffering from chronic hepatitis C?
### Response:
| Our data obtained with a long-term cytotoxicity assay do not reveal impaired cytolytic capacity of the innate immune system in chronic hepatitis C, even when isolated monocytes and NK cells were studied as effector cells. |
### Instruction:
Do short-term moderate weight loss and resistance training affect insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in postmenopausal women?
### Response:
| The results of this study demonstrate that short-term energy restriction resulting in moderate decreases in body weight (4.0 +/- 0.3%) and FM (8.2 +/- 0.7%) did not improve insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. The addition of RT to the hypoenergetic diet preserved muscle mass but provided no synergistic effect on insul... |
### Instruction:
Are mutations in the lysyl oxidase gene associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?
### Response:
| Mutations in the LOX gene are unlikely to be directly causative of ALS. |
### Instruction:
Does angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition improve defective angiogenesis in the ischemic limb of spontaneously hypertensive rats?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that pathological angiogenesis in the setting of tissue ischemia is impaired in SHR compared with WKY, and that this impairment can be reversed by ACE inhibition. The angiogenic properties of an ACE inhibitor may benefit patients with essential hypertension presenting with lower limb vascular in... |
### Instruction:
Does cabergoline influence ovarian stimulation in hyperprolactinaemic patients with polycystic ovary syndrome?
### Response:
| Our data suggest a dopaminergic control of LH release and support the use of cabergoline in the management of such patients, in order to provide better clinical control of ovarian response and consequently a reduction of the risk of OHSS, with no decrease in pregnancy rate. |
### Instruction:
Does clomiphene citrate affect the secretion of alpha3 , alphaV and beta1 integrin molecules during the implantation window in patients with unexplained infertility?
### Response:
| Our study indicated that cc treatment significantly decreased the endometrial thickness and increased oestradiol and progesterone concentrations. However, secretion of alpha(v), beta1 and alpha3 integrin molecules, which might play a role in implantation, was not affected. |
### Instruction:
Do epithelial cell-derived components induce transforming growth factor-alpha mRNA expression and epithelial cell proliferation in vitro?
### Response:
| Epithelial cell-derived components induce TGF-alpha mRNA expression and TGF-alpha-dependent cell proliferation of intact epithelial cells. We hypothesize that epithelial cell interaction bears one of the possible signals for the increased TGF-alpha mRNA expression after mucosal injury. |
### Instruction:
Is [ Routine ultrasonography in late pregnancy justified ! ]?
### Response:
| Based on existing evidence, routine late pregnancy ultrasound in low risk or unselected populations does not confer benefit on mother or baby. There is a lack of data about the potential psychological effects of routine ultrasound in late pregnancy, and the effects on both short and long term neonatal and childhood out... |
### Instruction:
Does over-expression of DREF in the Drosophila wing imaginal disc induce apoptosis and a notching wing phenotype?
### Response:
| The DREF-induced notching wing phenotype is caused by induction of apoptosis in the Drosophila wing imaginal disc. |
### Instruction:
Is cofilin-2 , a novel type of cofilin , expressed specifically at aggregation stage of Dictyostelium discoideum development?
### Response:
| Cofilin-2 may play a distinct role from that of cofilin-1 in destabilization of the actin cytoskeleton during Dictyostelium development. |
### Instruction:
Does preoperative platelet count predict survival after resection of periampullary adenocarcinoma?
### Response:
| Based on these retrospective data, a lower preoperative platelet count correlates with inferior, a higher count with superior survival outcome after resection of periampullary cancer. The mechanism is unclear, but may relate to general factors (bone-marrow suppression or hypersplenism for low platelets, systemic antitu... |
### Instruction:
Does short-term `` preconditioning '' with inhaled nitric oxide protect rabbit lungs against ischemia-reperfusion injury?
### Response:
| "Preconditioning" of the lung vasculature with short-term NO administration maintains endothelial integrity in a subsequent ischemia/reperfusion maneuver, with nonvasodilatory and non-cGMP-related mechanisms suggested to be largely responsible. This finding may offer interesting perspectives for donor management in cli... |
### Instruction:
Does oral L-arginine administration attenuate postprandial endothelial dysfunction in young healthy males?
### Response:
| Postprandial endothelial impairment is partly abolished by L-arginine administration. These data, which require confirmation, suggest the importance of dietary choice for atherosclerosis prevention even in young healthy subjects. |
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