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### Instruction:
Does growth hormone plus high protein diet promote adaptation after massive bowel resection in aged rats?
### Response:
| Growth hormone may increase the adaptation of intestinal mucosa in aged rats undergoing massive intestinal resection, but requires an adequate nutritional support with increased amounts of high quality protein. |
### Instruction:
Does epinephrine prolong the analgesia of 20 mL ropivacaine 0.5 % or 0.2 % in a femoral three-in-one block?
### Response:
| We evaluated the effect of epinephrine on the duration of analgesia of 20 mL ropivacaine 0.5% or 0.2% injected in femoral three-in-one block for pain relief after total knee replacement. Our results show that epinephrine does not alter the duration of analgesia of the two solutions investigated. |
### Instruction:
Are increases in guanylin and uroguanylin in a mouse model of osmotic diarrhea guanylate cyclase C-independent?
### Response:
| We conclude that this model of osmotic diarrhea results in a GC-C-independent increase in intestinal fluid accumulation, in levels of these peptide ligands in the epithelia of the intestine, and in prouroguanylin in the kidney and blood. |
### Instruction:
Does p21 ( waf ) correlate with DNA replication but not with prognosis in invasive breast cancer?
### Response:
| p21(waf) expression is an independent factor but fails to be of prognostic or predictive value in multivariate analysis. These data confirm the hypothesis of a p53 independent p21(waf) induction and suggest a functional role in the inhibition of PCNA mediated DNA replication. |
### Instruction:
Do membrane complement regulators protect against the development of type II collagen-induced arthritis in rats?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate that in rats with CIA and severely inflamed synovium, local expression of MCR is reduced. The MCRs Crry and CD59 appear to suppress the development of CIA. |
### Instruction:
Does alternative mRNA splicing in colon cancer cause loss of expression of neural cell adhesion molecule?
### Response:
| The most common site for NCAM alternative splicing is between the 2 fibronectin-III domains corresponding to the border between exons 12 and 13 of the NCAM gene. Loss of NCAM-180 expression in aggressive colon carcinoma results from a splice defect in the same area, which may result in defective intracellular adhesion ... |
### Instruction:
Does elevated expression of cyclooxygenase-2 contribute to immune dysfunction in a murine model of trauma?
### Response:
| These experiments link trauma-induced increases in Cox-2 expression and PGE2 production to reduced immune function. Cox-2 represents a potential pharmacologic target to prevent or reverse trauma-induced immunosuppression. |
### Instruction:
Is monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 increased in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with ischemic stroke?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that MCP-1 may play a role in the inflammatory reaction during the early phase of ischemic stroke. |
### Instruction:
Does endothelial expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 correlate with metastatic pattern in spontaneous melanoma?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that upregulation of VCAM-1 is not a prerequisite for the formation of pulmonary metastases during spontaneous melanoma metastases. However, once lung metastases become well established, organ-specific increases in VCAM-1 expression become apparent. Furthermore, these organ-specific increments in V... |
### Instruction:
Does training novice clinicians improve observation accuracy of the upper extremity after stroke?
### Response:
| OKA accuracy is susceptible to training and knowledge of results aids learning. However, training is task specific. |
### Instruction:
Do integrated treatment of comorbid depression and substance use disorders?
### Response:
| Depression comorbidity may not have had a negative impact on the course and outcome of addiction treatment because the dual disorder was identified at the initial assessment, and integrated psychiatric care was available. It may be that additional treatment compensated for greater psychopathology among dual-disorder pa... |
### Instruction:
Does the chronic inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme impair postoperative renal function?
### Response:
| The aim of this study was to identify preoperative risk factors responsible for postoperative renal impairment in vascular surgery. Chronic angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment was the only factor significantly associated with postoperative renal impairment. Inhibition of renal compensatory mechanisms caus... |
### Instruction:
Is inhibitory effect of somatostatin on cholecystokinin release independent of luminal cholecystokinin-releasing factor content in conscious rats?
### Response:
| Inhibitory effect of circulating somatostatin on CCK release and pancreatic secretion is independent of LCRF content. |
### Instruction:
Do features of childhood sexual abuse and the development of psychiatric and substance use disorders?
### Response:
| Specific features of CSA differentially increase risk of later psychopathology; however, there do not appear to be unique predictive relationships between features of CSA and the emergence of specific psychiatric disorders. |
### Instruction:
Is the vitamin D receptor gene variant associated with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease?
### Response:
| The genotype of the vitamin D receptor polymorphism determines the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease in a high-risk cohort population. |
### Instruction:
Are particles , and not gases , associated with the risk of death in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
### Response:
| Findings reinforce the deleterious role of urban particles as a trigger of death in COPD patients, and suggest that they are the major culprit among the air pollutants. The role of other pollutants, if any, was additive and not multiplicative. |
### Instruction:
Is lipodystrophy in HIV-1-positive patients associated with insulin resistance in multiple metabolic pathways?
### Response:
| Post-absorptive glucose production is increased in HIV-1-infected patients with lipodystrophy. Moreover, both the ability of insulin to suppress endogenous glucose production and lipolysis, and to stimulate peripheral glucose uptake and its metabolic pathways is reduced, indicating severe resistance concerning multiple... |
### Instruction:
Does pollen and mold exposure impair the work performance of employees with allergic rhinitis?
### Response:
| The extent to which these costs can be recovered by increasing the proportion of allergy sufferers who are successfully treated remains unknown and can only be evaluated definitively in effectiveness trials. |
### Instruction:
Do uremic sera contain inhibitors that block digitoxin-valproic acid interaction?
### Response:
| We conclude that valproic acid significantly displaces digitoxin from protein binding sites in normal serum. However, uremic sera contain inhibitors that block digitoxin-valproic acid interaction. |
### Instruction:
Are previous cholecystectomy , gastrectomy , and diabetes mellitus crucial risk factors for pancreatic cancer in patients with chronic pancreatitis?
### Response:
| Cholecystectomy, gastrectomy, and diabetes are not major risk factors for the development of pancreatic cancer in patients with chronic pancreatitis. |
### Instruction:
Does analytical approach to food-based dietary guidelines in the European setting?
### Response:
| The use of a nutrient distribution can be used as a minimum approach in developing FBDG. More advanced methods can also be used in addition to set priorities for FBDG and to analyse complete dietary patterns. |
### Instruction:
Is keratocan expression increased in the stroma of keratoconus corneas?
### Response:
| Keratocan expression in the stoma was increased in keratoconus corneas. This up-regulation appears to be keratoconus specific. Keratocan is one of the three keratan sulfate proteoglycans in the cornea speculated to be important for structure of the stromal matrix and maintenance of corneal transparency. The overexpress... |
### Instruction:
Is oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced neuronal apoptosis attenuated by halothane and isoflurane?
### Response:
| This is the first investigation to evaluate the effect of volatile anesthetics on oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced neuronal apoptosis. Oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced neuronal apoptosis can be decreased by prior and continued administration of halothane or isoflurane. |
### Instruction:
Does voluntary hyperventilation before a rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia decrease postintubation PaCO2?
### Response:
| Voluntary hyperventilation before anesthesia induction is recommended for patients with increased intracranial pressure to prevent hypercapnia. This randomized, prospective study demonstrated that this maneuver does not result in a lower postintubation PaCO2 than standard preoxygenation. |
### Instruction:
Does scalp nerve block decrease the severity of pain after craniotomy?
### Response:
| Up to 80% of patients report moderate to severe pain after craniotomy. This randomized double-blinded study demonstrated that ropivacaine scalp block decreases the severity of pain after supratentorial craniotomy. |
### Instruction:
Is the pattern of intestinal substrate oxidation altered by protein restriction in pigs?
### Response:
| Although low protein feeding increases the contribution of enteral glucose oxidation to total CO2 production, this adaptation is insufficient. To compensate for the fall in amino acid oxidation, other substrates become increasingly important to intestinal energy generation. |
### Instruction:
Does infliximab induce apoptosis in monocytes from patients with chronic active Crohn 's disease by using a caspase-dependent pathway?
### Response:
| Monocyte apoptosis induced by infliximab may be an important mechanism that could explain the powerful anti-inflammatory properties of infliximab in patients with chronic active CD. |
### Instruction:
Do results of respiratory mechanics analysis in the critically ill depend on the method employed?
### Response:
| The wide agreement limits show that respiratory mechanics analysis is very dependent on the measurement technique used, particularly for resistance, perhaps due to the higher dependence on frequency. |
### Instruction:
Does 6-Methylprednisolone impair anti-thymocyte globulin ( ATG ) immunosuppressive activity in non-human primates?
### Response:
| In vivo, corticosteroids do not interfere with ATG ability to induce massive T cell depletion and to delay skin allograft rejection in non-human primates. |
### Instruction:
Do use of an image-guided navigation system in dental implant surgery in anatomically complex operation sites?
### Response:
| The use of an image-guided navigation system provides a valuable tool in implant dentistry and proved superior to conventional implant surgery especially in difficult anatomical regions. |
### Instruction:
Is insulin secretory response positively associated with the extent of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine?
### Response:
| The insulin secretory response was associated with the extent of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. Since insulin receptor substrate-1 is expressed both in the spinal ligament and in the tissues regulating glucose metabolism, we speculate that some other molecules related to insulin signaling that are... |
### Instruction:
Do [ Treatment of recurrent unilateral paralysis with thyroplasty with Montgomery implant ]?
### Response:
| Such data supported the notion that the thyroplasty with Montgomery implant under local anesthesia is an extremely valuable option in patients with unilateral laryngeal nerve paralysis. |
### Instruction:
Is helicobacter pylori eradication therapy more effective in peptic ulcer than in non-ulcer dyspepsia?
### Response:
| Overall, H. pylori eradication therapy is more effective in PUD than in NUD patients. This advantage of eradication therapies in PUD patients seems to be observed with 7-day PPI-based triple regimens, and with 5-day RBC-based quadruple therapy, while the 7-day RBC-based triple regimen seems to be equally effective in b... |
### Instruction:
Does fluvoxamine augmentation increase serum mirtazapine concentrations three- to fourfold?
### Response:
| This is the first report of any interaction between fluvoxamine and mirtazapine. Mirtazapine is mainly metabolized by cytochrome P450 isoenzymes CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4. Fluvoxamine and cimetidine Inhibit the same isoenzymes, but fluvoxamine is probably the only agent that causes a clinically significant interaction... |
### Instruction:
Does decrease in jugular venous oxygen saturation during normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass predict short-term postoperative neurologic dysfunction in elderly patients?
### Response:
| Reduced SjvO(2) was associated with short-term cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients. |
### Instruction:
Does interleukin-1beta induce cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression in gastric cancer cells by the p38 and p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrated that in human gastric cancer cells, IL-1beta upregulates the COX-2 gene expression through the activation of MEK/p44/42 and p38 MAP kinases pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does cell-based gene transfer of vascular endothelial growth factor attenuate monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension?
### Response:
| These results indicate that cell-based VEGF gene transfer is an effective method of preventing the development and progression of pulmonary hypertension in the monocrotaline model and suggest a potential therapeutic role for angiogenic factors in the therapy of this devastating disease. |
### Instruction:
Do postnatal glutamate-induced central nervous system lesions alter periodontal disease susceptibility in adult Wistar rats?
### Response:
| This study supports our recent findings indicating that inappropriate brain-neuroendocrine-immune regulation may play a rôle in periodontal disease susceptibility and progression. |
### Instruction:
Does nitric oxide induce synchronous Ca2+ transients in pancreatic beta cells lacking contact?
### Response:
| The results support the idea that nitrergic nerves generate beta-cell transients of Ca2+ synchronizing the activity of the numerous islets in the pancreas. |
### Instruction:
Are antiviral potency of HAART regimens and clinical success strictly coupled in real life conditions : evidence from the MASTER-1 study?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that, after 24 months of follow-up in a real clinical setting, a PI-based HAART induces significant clinical benefits in naïve patients even in the absence of a complete suppression of viral replication. However, the long-term clinical impact of the possible accumulation of viral mutations in the pr... |
### Instruction:
Do kaposi 's sarcoma and human herpesvirus 8 infection protect HIV-1 infected homosexual men from AIDS dementia complex?
### Response:
| KS or HHV8 does not significantly influence the risk for developing ADC in a group with a uniform risk for developing KS therefore we recommend caution in searching for a KS-associated or HHV8-derived therapy for ADC. |
### Instruction:
Is survival of AIDS patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma dramatically improved by HAART-induced immune recovery?
### Response:
| Data from this cohort indicate that immune recovery induced by HAART leads to dramatic improvement in survival of patients with AIDS-associated PCNSL. These findings may have important implications for future treatment strategies. |
### Instruction:
Does chronic lithium treatment increase the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the rat brain?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that the chronic administration of mood stabilizers may produce a neurotrophic effect mediated by the upregulation of BDNF in the rat brain. |
### Instruction:
Does total sleep deprivation induce an acute and transient increase in NK cell activity in healthy young volunteers?
### Response:
| The present findings suggest that one night TSD induces an acute and transient increase in NK cell activity that is not influenced by the effects of circadian rhythm or the amount of physical exercise undertaken during TSD. |
### Instruction:
Does intraoperative epidural blockade prevent the increase in protein breakdown after abdominal surgery?
### Response:
| Intraoperative epidural blockade inhibits the increase in protein breakdown after abdominal surgery. |
### Instruction:
Is the recovery of Senegalese African blacks from intravenous anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil slower than that of Caucasians?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates statistically significant differences between Caucasians and African blacks in the arousal time from IV anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil. The authors conclude that the recovery from general anesthesia was slower in African blacks compared with Caucasian patients. |
### Instruction:
Do capillary endothelia and cardiomyocytes differ in vulnerability to ischemia/reperfusion during clinical heart transplantation?
### Response:
| Apart from a generally accepted edema of cardiomyocytes a relevant capillary endothelial cell edema develops during clinical heart transplantation. In contrast to cardiomyocytes the cell edema of endothelia shows a more pronounced and significant progression during cold ischemia and early reperfusion. After 60 min of r... |
### Instruction:
Does intranasal heparin reduce eosinophil recruitment after nasal allergen challenge in patients with allergic rhinitis?
### Response:
| Heparin was shown to provide protection with respect to nasal allergen challenge. The mechanism by which heparin produces its protective activity seems to be related to the neutralization of eosinophil cationic protein as well as to the reduction of eosinophil recruitment. |
### Instruction:
Is the pattern of atopic sensitization associated with the development of asthma in childhood?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that an underlying factor pertaining to asthma and maternal transmission may determine both a certain pattern of sensitization and the expression of asthma. |
### Instruction:
Is the therapeutic ratio of R-albuterol comparable with that of RS-albuterol in asthmatic patients?
### Response:
| All pharmacologic effects of RS-albuterol reside with the R-enantiomer, and S-albuterol is clinically inactive. The R-albuterol/RS-albuterol potency ratios for local (FEV(1)) and systemic effects (heart rate and K(+)) are similar, suggesting a comparable therapeutic ratio for R-albuterol and RS-albuterol in asthmatic s... |
### Instruction:
Is the short inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire reliable and responsive to clinically important change in ulcerative colitis?
### Response:
| This study contributes to the validation of the SIBDQ as a HRQoL tool in UC. It is reproducible and responsive to changes in disease activity. |
### Instruction:
Is intestinal permeability increased in a proportion of spouses of patients with Crohn 's disease?
### Response:
| Small intestinal permeability is increased in a proportion of healthy spouses of patients with Crohn's disease. The presence of abnormal permeability studies in patients with Crohn's disease and a proportion of their healthy close contacts suggests that this phenomenon is caused by environmental factors. |
### Instruction:
Is `` Edge Effect '' of ( 32 ) p radioactive stents caused by the combination of chronic stent injury and radioactive dose falloff?
### Response:
| The edge effect of high-dose radioactive stents in porcine coronary arteries is associated with the combination of stent injury and radioactive dose falloff. |
### Instruction:
Do effect of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase inhibitors on the progression of calcific aortic stenosis?
### Response:
| Statin-treated patients, despite a higher risk profile for progression, had reduced aortic stenosis progression compared with those not treated with a statin. These data provide justification for a prospective randomized trial to substantiate whether statin therapy slows the progression of aortic stenosis. |
### Instruction:
Does new approach to spatially analyse primary health care usage patterns in rural South Africa?
### Response:
| The DUI is a powerful and informative composite measure of clinic usage. The results of the study have important implications for health care provision in developing countries. |
### Instruction:
Is spontaneous physical activity in a respiratory chamber correlated to habitual physical activity?
### Response:
| Physical activity in a respiratory chamber was correlated to habitual physical activity, whether expressed as AEE, PAL or body-size independent activity units, providing a plausible explanation for the demonstrated association between a low SPA in the chamber and weight gain. The study encourages further studies of the... |
### Instruction:
Does total mesorectal excision preserve male genital function compared with conventional rectal cancer surgery?
### Response:
| While both conventional rectal cancer surgery and TME result in similarly favourable postoperative bladder function, both techniques decrease sexual function. However, TME offers a significant advantage with regard to preservation of postoperative sexual function in men and constitutes a true advance in rectal cancer s... |
### Instruction:
Is cystatin C deficiency associated with the progression of small abdominal aortic aneurysms?
### Response:
| Deficiency of cystatin C was associated with increased aneurysm size and expansion rate, possibly due to lack of inhibition of cysteine proteases. |
### Instruction:
Does secretoglobin 3A2 exhibit Anti-Fibrotic Activity in Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis Model Mice?
### Response:
| The role of SCGB3A2 in fibrosis was revisited using Scgb3a2-null mice and littermate controls in the BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis model. The pulmonary fibrosis in the Scgb3a2-null mice was more severe than the wild-type controls, thus establishing that SCGB3A2 has anti-fibrotic activity in vivo. Importantly, surfacta... |
### Instruction:
Does enrichment of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells for BMPR1A facilitate Enhanced Adipogenesis?
### Response:
| BMPR1A(+) ASCs show an enhanced ability for adipogenesis in vitro, as shown by gene expression and histological staining. Furthermore, within an adipogenic niche, BMPR1A(+) cells possessed an increased capacity to generate de novo fat compared to BMPR1A(-) and unenriched cells. This suggests utility for the BMPR1A(+) s... |
### Instruction:
Is greater Cervical Muscle Fat Infiltration Evaluated by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Associated With Poor Postural Stability in Patients With Cervical Spondylotic Radiculopathy?
### Response:
| Fat infiltration within muscle could lead to inhibition of normal activity of musculature. The present study suggests that fat within cervical multifidus muscle could directly cause postural instability in static standing, even though the proprioceptive information has normal lower limbs. |
### Instruction:
Does deletion of Periostin protect Against Atherosclerosis in Mice by Altering Inflammation and Extracellular Matrix Remodeling?
### Response:
| These are the first genetic data detailing the function of periostin as a regulator of atherosclerotic lesion formation and progression. The data suggest that periostin could be a therapeutic target for atherosclerotic plaque formation through modulation of the immune response and extracellular matrix remodeling. |
### Instruction:
Does unthreaded Fixation of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis lead to Continued Growth of the Femoral Neck?
### Response:
| Unthreaded fixation of SCFE with the Hansson hook-pin allows continued growth of the femoral neck. The remaining growth enables the patient to achieve an almost anatomic offset of the hip. This is essential to optimize the abduction forces that stabilize the pelvis during gait. Future studies need to establish whether ... |
### Instruction:
Does a large infrapatellar fat pad protect against knee pain and lateral tibial cartilage volume loss?
### Response:
| A larger IPFP predicts reduced lateral tibial cartilage volume loss and development of knee pain and mechanistically might function as a local shock-absorber. The lack of association between measures of adiposity and the size of the IPFP might suggest that the IPFP size is not simply a marker of systemic obesity. |
### Instruction:
Does online communication predict Belgian adolescents ' initiation of romantic and sexual activity?
### Response:
| This is the first study to demonstrate that online communication predicts the initiation of offline sexual and romantic activity as early as adolescence. Practitioners and parents need to consider the role of online communication in adolescents' developing sexuality. |
### Instruction:
Do a simple informative intervention in primary care increases statin adherence?
### Response:
| This intervention resulted in an overall improvement of the short-term adherence to therapy. This tool can be replicated in other local contexts and with other chronic therapies. |
### Instruction:
Does [ miR-29b reduce Cisplatin Resistance of Gastric Cancer Cell by Targeting PI3K/Akt Pathway ]?
### Response:
| miR-29b can enhance the sensitivity of S gastric cancer cell by directly targeting PI3K/Akt pathway. |
### Instruction:
Do 2015 update on the diagnosis and management of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy?
### Response:
| ARVC is predominantly associated with mutations in desmosomal genes with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. Ventricular electrical instability is the hallmark of ARVC, often occurring before structural abnormalities. Goals in the evaluation and management of ARVC are early diagnosis, risk stratification f... |
### Instruction:
Does minimally Invasive Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis with Rectal Eversion allow for Equivalent Outcomes in Continence in Pediatric Patients?
### Response:
| The RE technique can be used safely and effectively during MIS TPC and IPAA in children without altering continence rates. |
### Instruction:
Are fOXM1 and polo-like kinase 1 co-ordinately overexpressed in patients with gastric adenocarcinomas?
### Response:
| This study has demonstrated that FOXM1 and its target gene PLK1 are coordinately overexpressed in a proportion of gastric adenocarcinomas. This suggests that chemotherapeutic treatments that target this pathway may be of clinical utility. |
### Instruction:
Do anatomical considerations for percutaneous trans ilio-sacroiliac S1 and S2 screw placement?
### Response:
| Two-thirds of males and females have a complete osseous corridor to pass a trans-sacroiliac S1 screw of 8 mm diameter. The S2 corridor was present in all males but only in 87 % of females. Preoperative review of the axial CT slices at the midpoint of the S1 or S2 vertebral body allows the presence of a trans-sacroiliac... |
### Instruction:
Is intravenous Thrombolysis Effective in Young Adults : Results from the Baden-Wuerttemberg Stroke Registry?
### Response:
| Ischemic stroke etiology, vascular dynamics, and recovery in young patients differ from those of middle and older age. The evidence from routine hospital care in Germany indicates that IVT in young stroke patients appears to be at least equally effective as in the elderly. |
### Instruction:
Does dXXK exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-κB/COX-2 signalling pathway and the expression of inflammatory mediators?
### Response:
| The current study revealed that DXXK has a significant anti-inflammatory effect that may be attributed to its inhibitory effect on the NF-κB/COX-2 pathway and associated inflammatory mediators, including PGE2, NO, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. The current study provides additional evidence of the effects of DXXK in inflammati... |
### Instruction:
Does li-Gan-Shi-Liu-Ba-Wei-San improve non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through enhancing lipid oxidation and alleviating oxidation stress?
### Response:
| LGSLBWS can significantly improve NAFLD by enhancing fatty acid oxidation and alleviating oxidative stress. |
### Instruction:
Is atherosclerosis Evident in Treated HIV-Infected Subjects With Low Cardiovascular Risk by Carotid Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance?
### Response:
| In a cohort of treated HIV-infected individuals with low measurable cardiovascular risk, we have observed evidence of premature subclinical atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Is activation of MEK2 sufficient to induce skin papilloma formation in transgenic zebrafish?
### Response:
| Our data indicate that MEK2 is sufficient to induce epidermal papilloma formation through MAPK signaling in zebrafish, and this transgenic model can be used as a new platform for drug screening. |
### Instruction:
Does eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A2 ( eIF5A2 ) regulate chemoresistance in colorectal cancer through epithelial mesenchymal transition?
### Response:
| Our present study demonstrated that eIF5A2 promoted the chemoresistance to doxorubicin via regulation of EMT in colon cancer cells. Therefore, eIF5A2 inhibition may be a new potential strategy for the reversal of drug resistance in colorectal cancer therapy. |
### Instruction:
Does insR/IGF1R Pathway mediate Resistance to EGFR Inhibitors in Glioblastoma?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that activation of the InsR/IGF1R pathway confers resistance to EGFR inhibitors in EGFR-dependent glioblastoma through AKT regulation. Concurrent blockade of these two pathways holds promise to treat EGFR-dependent glioblastoma. |
### Instruction:
Does cardiac Myocyte KLF5 regulate Ppara Expression and Cardiac Function?
### Response:
| Cardiac myocyte KLF5 is a transcriptional regulator of Ppara and cardiac energetics. |
### Instruction:
Do appraisal of maternity management and family planning guidelines using the agree II instrument in India?
### Response:
| Despite being clinically sound, Indian guidelines score poorly due to weak documentation about their development process. It is recommended that the guideline development process be improved with systematic documentation for achieving standardization. |
### Instruction:
Is higher tenofovir exposure associated with longitudinal declines in kidney function in women living with HIV?
### Response:
| Through intensive TFV pharmacokinetic sampling, we found a strong association between greater TFV exposure and subsequent decline in kidney function. Variations in TFV drug exposure may partially account for subsequent nephrotoxicity in persons infected with HIV. |
### Instruction:
Do hIV protease inhibitors disrupt astrocytic glutamate transporter function and neurobehavioral performance?
### Response:
| These results indicated that contemporary protease inhibitors disrupt astrocyte functions at therapeutic concentrations with enhanced sensitivity to glutamate, which can lead to neurobehavioral impairments. ART neurotoxicity should be considered in future therapeutic regimens for HIV/AIDS. |
### Instruction:
Does thromboxane promote smooth muscle phenotype commitment but not remodeling of hypoxic neonatal pulmonary artery?
### Response:
| We conclude that thromboxane does not initiate phenotypic dedifferentiation and proliferative activation in PPHN PA. Exposure to thromboxane triggers cell cycle exit and myocyte commitment to contractile phenotype. |
### Instruction:
Is the association of coffee intake with liver cancer risk mediated by biomarkers of inflammation and hepatocellular injury : data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition?
### Response:
| These data suggest that the inverse association of coffee intake with HCC risk was partly accounted for by biomarkers of inflammation and hepatocellular injury. |
### Instruction:
Does cetuximab ameliorate suppressive phenotypes of myeloid antigen presenting cells in head and neck cancer patients?
### Response:
| Our studies demonstrate a novel function of cetuximab in ameliorating suppressive phenotypes of FcγR bearing myeloid cells in cancer patients, which is associated with better clinical outcome of cetuximab-treated patients. |
### Instruction:
Is lung ultrasound a reliable method for evaluating extravascular lung water volume in rodents?
### Response:
| The data suggest that, in an experimental rat model of ALI, B lines score as assessed by LUS can provide an easy, semi-quantitative, noninvasive. Real-time index of EVLW which is strongly correlated to experimental gravimetric assessments. |
### Instruction:
Does topical prazosin attenuate sensitivity to tactile stimuli in patients with complex regional pain syndrome?
### Response:
| Prazosin cream inhibited adrenergic axon reflex vasodilatation in healthy volunteers, and also inhibited dynamic allodynia and punctate hyperalgesia in the CRPS-affected limb of some patients. Further studies are required to assess the potential benefits of topically applied prazosin for CRPS. |
### Instruction:
Does klotho attenuate renal hypertrophy and glomerular injury in Ins2Akita diabetic mice?
### Response:
| Our data suggest klotho protein protects against diabetic nephropathy through multiple pathways. |
### Instruction:
Do serum Antioxidants Are Associated with Serum Reproductive Hormones and Ovulation among Healthy Women?
### Response:
| These findings shed new light on the intricate associations between serum antioxidants and endogenous hormones in healthy premenopausal women and support the hypothesis that concentrations of serum vitamins affect steroidogenesis even after adjustment for oxidative stress. |
### Instruction:
Is cervical Sagittal Imbalance a Predictor of Kyphotic Deformity After Laminoplasty in Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Patients Without Preoperative Kyphotic Alignment?
### Response:
| Cervical sagittal imbalance and advanced age were the preoperative risk factors for kyphotic deformity after LAMP for CSM in patients without preoperative cervical kyphotic alignment. |
### Instruction:
Do intestinal spirochaetes ( genus Brachyspira ) colonise wild birds in the southern Atlantic region and Antarctica?
### Response:
| This is the first report of intestinal spirochaetes from this region. Despite limitations of current diagnostic methods, our results, together with earlier studies, show that Brachyspira spp., including potentially pathogenic strains, occur globally among free-living avian hosts, and that this genus encompasses a highe... |
### Instruction:
Is angiopoietin-like protein 8 ( betatrophin ) a stress-response protein that down-regulates expression of adipocyte triglyceride lipase?
### Response:
| ANGPTL8 is a stress-response protein that regulates fat metabolism by suppressing ATGL expression, revealing a mechanistic connection between ANGPTL8 and lipid homeostasis in mammalian cells. |
### Instruction:
Does high density lipoprotein efficiently accept surface but not internal oxidised lipids from oxidised low density lipoprotein?
### Response:
| Our study has revealed the differential transfer efficiency of surface and internal oxidised lipids from oxLDL and their acceptance onto HDL. These capacities were modulated when HDL was itself oxidised. |
### Instruction:
Does deletion of Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1 Predispose Mice to Increased Spontaneous Osteoarthritis?
### Response:
| Loss of DUSP1 does not cause changes in cartilage degeneration and gait in a mouse model of spontaneous OA at 21 months of age. Altered staining was observed in SOX9 immunostaining which may prove promising for future studies examining the role of DUSPs in cartilage and OA, as well as models of post-traumatic OA. |
### Instruction:
Is asthma severity , not asthma control , worse in atopic compared with nonatopic adolescents with asthma?
### Response:
| In this population, participants with atopic asthma had worse asthma severity and higher FeNO compared with those with nonatopic asthma, but no difference in control. In all participants, higher tIgE indicated worse severity and higher FeNO. In this population, asthma severity and FeNO might be mediated by IgE in the 2... |
### Instruction:
Does crosstalk between RyR2 oxidation and phosphorylation contribute to cardiac dysfunction in mice with Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
### Response:
| Increased ROS production in the hearts of mdx mice drives the progression of cardiac dysfunction. Inhibition of RyR2 phosphorylation can suppress SR Ca(2+) leak in mdx mouse hearts in part by reducing RyR2 oxidation. |
### Instruction:
Does brazilin isolated from the heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan L induce endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxation of rat aortic rings?
### Response:
| Brazilin induces relaxation in rat aortic rings via both endothelium-dependent and -independent ways as well as inhibiting NE-stimulated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and MLC. Brazilin also attenuates vasoconstriction via blocking voltage- and receptor-operated Ca(2+) channels. |
### Instruction:
Do multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Patients Are Associated with Class 1 and 2 Integrons?
### Response:
| Our results showed that int1 and int2 genes present in E. coli isolates obtained from patients cause MDR in this isolates. Since such bacteria are a reservoir for the transmission of MDR bacteria, appropriate programs are necessary to reduce this problem. |
### Instruction:
Is pan-Bcl-2 inhibitor Obatoclax a potent late stage autophagy inhibitor in colorectal cancer cells independent of canonical autophagy signaling?
### Response:
| The objective of this study was to dissect the contribution of Bcl-2 proteins to autophagy in CRC cells and to explore the potential of Bcl-2 inhibitors for autophagy modulation. Collectively, our data argue for a Beclin-1 independent autophagy inhibition by obatoclax. Based on this study, we recommend the concept of a... |
### Instruction:
Do salient cues improve prospective remembering in Korsakoff 's syndrome?
### Response:
| While overall Korsakoff patients' showed a global PM deficit, the extent of this deficit was moderated by the executive control demands of the task applied. This indicated further support for an interrelation of executive functions and memory performance in Korsakoff. |
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