image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/sfolder_1/PMC3764044_pone-0073545-g002_229417.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Filling of scaffold pores by fibroblasts for three pore size categories and three time points.Confocal microscopy for visualization of actin cytoskeleton (green) and cell nuclei (blue) to illustrate the filling of scaffold pores by human fibroblasts at day 1, 3, and 7 for the three pore size categories (scale bar equals 100 µm). Data shown corresponds to the maximum projection images of the 3D image stacks recorded inside scaffolds. During the imaging, scaffold pores could be identified due to background staining of the scaffold material and are highlighted by dashed lines. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4636366_ppat.1005261.g002_442102.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | A delay in viral spread is observed in brain of rOC/SG758R -infected mice compared to rOC/ATCC after intranasal inoculation in 10 day-old BALB/c mice.Histological examination of virus spread within the brain of 10-day old BALB/c mice infected with 103.25 TCID50/10μL of rOC/ATCC or rOC/SG758R, or PBS by the IN route. (A) Detection of viral antigens in the olfactory bulb of infected mice at 5 and 7 dpi. (B) Detection of viral antigens in the hippocampus of infected mice at 7 and 9 dpi. Magnification 40x. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3504567_F1_168116.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Coronal FDG-PET imaging comparison of a normal human (A) and mouse (B). Note the similar cardiac uptake, but diminished mouse brain uptake potentially related to the use general anesthesia. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4082948_fig3_303716.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | A small superficial ulcer at the gastroesophageal junction. PCR analysis in biopsies was positive for CMV DNA. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic21355.jpg | what part of the body is being imaged? | musculoskeletal |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2553761_F6_28183.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Function of 2A peptide in various adult tissues. Sections through the heart (A, A'), lung (B, B'), liver (C, C'), kidney (D, D') and intestine (E, E') of adult CAG-TAG1 and CAG-TAG2 transgenic mice. The enhanced green fluorescent protein signal is depicted in green and TdTomato signal is depicted in magenta. No overlap of the H2B-GFP and Myr-TdTomato signal is seen, demonstrating efficient functioning of the 2A peptide. The scale bar in (A) represents 20 μm and is applicable to all panels. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4363604_fig2_368572.jpg | Describe the image concisely. |
In vitro antibacterial activities of herbal soap produced with the most active extract of S. macranthera. Tests were performed in triplicate. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820gljs4kb071u1b18d156.jpg | Is there text? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3570377_F2_185250.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Histological assessment of liver fibrosis in CCl4-treated rats and the effects of the combination of melatonin and folic acid on collagen deposition. The extent of matrix deposition (arrow) was measured by Masson’s trichrome staining of liver tissue sections from control animals (A: 400x), CCl4-treated rats (black arrow: collagen of the very dilated central vein; red arrow: the interlobular collagen deposition) (B: 200x), CCl4-treated rats to show the inflammatory cells (C: 400x) and the rats receiving melatonin and folic acid (black arrow: collagen of the central vein) (D: 400x). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/illus_other/train_1572.jpg | Is cardiovascular present? | yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3436872_pone-0044733-g003_153735.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Replication of C. trachomatis organisms in PRAK-deficient mouse embryo fibroblast cells.Mouse embryo fibroblast cells (MEF) without (panels a–d) or with (e–h) PRAK deficiency (PRAK−/−) were infected with (b–d & f–h) or without (a & e) C. trachomatis (MOI = 0.5) for various periods of time as indicated on top of the figure. The cultures were processed for immunofluorescence assay with a rabbit antibody for visualizing chlamydial organisms (green), Alexa-Fluor 568 Phalloidin for host cell F-actin (red) and Hoechst dye for DNA (blue). Note that the inclusion sizes were similar in MEF with or without PRAK deficiency. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2600812_ppat-1000248-g007_31248.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | ϕ mutant viruses produce less histopathologic injury than wild-type virus.ND4 Swiss Webster mice were inoculated intracranially with 50 PFU of rsT3D or the indicated ϕ mutant. (A) Brains from infected mice were resected at 10 d post-inoculation, fixed, and embedded in paraffin. Brain sections were stained with H&E, polyclonal reovirus-specific antiserum, or activated caspase-3-specific antiserum. Consecutive sections from the hippocampal region of representative brains of rsT3D-, K594D-, or I595K-infected mice are shown. Scale bars, 500 µm. (B) Higher magnification images of H&E-stained sections of the dentate gyrus and CA4 region of the hippocampus of mice infected with each virus strain are shown. Scale bars, 100 µm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC1550268_ppat-0020085-g006_6665.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Drug Effects on Actin Filament Formation and Capsid Assembly Organization in the NucleusInfected cells were treated with latA, jasp, or DMSO as indicated.(A) Each image is a 2-D projection from four consecutive layers in an image stack, taken 0.5 μm apart. Scale bar = 20 μm. The contrast of the α-LAP2 signal has been enhanced in jasp-treated cells.(B) TEM of infected cells treated with with latA, jasp, or DMSO as indicated. Asterisks indicate capsid assemblies; arrows point out individual capsids. Inset shows filaments from a different jasp-treated cell; arrows point to filaments. Scale bar = 2 μm. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxv18zyc074yb18q8sj7.jpg | What type of procedure is the image taken from? | Gastroscopy |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_41990.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Magnetic resonance imaging T2 axial view at the level of midbrain in control patient without Parkinson Disease. Note that posterior cerebral arteries do not impinge upon cerebral peduncle. A clear space filled with cerebrospinal fluid is seen bilaterally. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4217708_F1_332350.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Scanning electron microscopy of DPSCs. (A) DPSC on pSi; magnification × 3,000, scale bar = 30 μm. Inset shows higher magnification of the surface (×150,000) with visible pores, scale bar = 500 nm. (B) Higher magnification (square in A) of DPSC on pSi with protrusions from the cellular body; magnification × 20,000, scale bar = 5 μm. (C) DPSC on flat Si; magnification × 2,000, scale bar = 50 μm. (D) Higher magnification (square in C) of DPSC on flat Si; magnification × 17,000, scale bar = 5 μm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2685473_pcbi-1000405-g003_38967.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Ligand binding pose prediction for human fibroblast collagenase
(PDB-ID: 1hfc).Predicted poses (thick, solid) from FINDSITELHM: (left)
superimposed ligand with the anchor portion colored in white, (middle)
minimized conformation with Amber and (right) generated by AutoDock are
compared to the experimental binding pose of hydroxamate inhibitor
(thin, transparent). RMSD values were calculated for heavy atoms.
Selected binding residues are shown. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4367350_f4-sensors-15-03107_369864.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | A comparison of sonography-guided biopsy in a breast gel phantom with both hyper- and hypo-echoic lesions (a) before and (b) after the activation of the mini actuator, where the interference generates bright lines. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4691467_fig3_456587.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Computed tomography shows the details of the lesions. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4049677_f2-ol-07-06-1933_295739.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | MRI showing the presence of the tumor on (A) T2-weighted and (B) T1-weighted images in the transverse plane. T2-weighted MRI showing (C) coronal and (D) sagittal planes. Arrows indicate the tumor. MRI, magnetic resonance imaging. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2766630_pone-0007684-g006_48540.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Reduction of Mbd3 expression in mouse ES cells promotes trophectoderm stem (TS) cell derivation.Mouse ES cells transfected with contro or Mbd3 shRNAs for three days were cultured in trophoblast stem cell medium to promote differentiation into TS cells. GFP expression was used to monitor shRNA plasmids transfection (b, c, g, h, l, and m). Hoechst stains the cell nuclei. Red fluorescence shown on cell boundaries indicates the expression of cadherin 3, a surface antigen specific to trophoblast cells (d, e, i, j). Scale bars: l, 50μm (also applies to a, b, f, g, k); o, 50μm (also applies to c–e, h–j, m–n). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4000650_fig5_284423.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Morphology change in glomerulus under light microscopy. Transmission light microscope; magnification, 10 × 40. (a) Control group (treated with saline); (b) model group (treated with ADR); (c) ZWT group (treated with ZWT, 24.0 g/kg); (d) ZWT group (treated with ZWT, 12.0 g/kg); (e) DXM group (treated with dexamethasone, 0.9 mg/kg). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_01622.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Computed tomography findings for a mesenteric cyst. Multilobulated cystic mass, 8 × 5 cm diameter, in the mesentery of the ascending colon. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3672061_F1_209007.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Computed Tomography (CT) scan image of the patient’s left knee at the time of presentation. (A) Sagittal CT scan image shows a 2.8 × 1.2 cm conical ossification of the proximal patellar tendon (arrows). It is present hyperdense material within the tibial tunnel attributable to a resorbable screw. (B) Transverse CT scan image at the joint space level shows patellar tendon ossification (1.5 × 1.2 cm) at the patellar tip (arrows). (C) CT 3D reconstruction images show the proximal and the distal patellar tendon ossification morphology (arrows). |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic21438.jpg | what is the plane of this ct scan? | axial |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4263234_fig01_343652.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Attachment based differences in the BOLD response to the up-regulate versus passive viewing of positive pictures; indicated areas showed relatively greater activation during the up-regulate condition in the insecure versus secure group. Significant differences were found in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (green), dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (blue) and the right (pink) and left (red) anterior prefrontal cortex |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3703529_F5_216274.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Comparison of GFP fluorescence in root-knots of a M. incognita infected PSUC2:GFP plant (A–D) and a PDR5:ER-GFP plant (E–H) at 7 dai (A and B, E and F) and 14 dai (C and D, G and H). At 7 dai, GFP-fluorescence is limited to the sieve element/companion cell complex of the regular phloem in (A,B) but present in more cells in (E,F). At 14 dai, GFP fluorescence is seen in a net-like pattern in both a PSUC2:GFP
(C,D) and a PDR5:ER-GFP plant (G,H). (A,C,E,G) GFP fluorescence, (B,D,F,H) Overlay of GFP fluorescence and bright field image. Scale bars represent 100 μm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3783365_f4_233593.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Treatment with total flavonoids from Flos Puerariae (TFF) attenuated the thickening of the retinal capillary basement membrane. n=4 per group. Eight electrophotographs of each group were analyzed. A–E: The electron micrograph images were representatives the transverse sections of retinal capillaries of the control (A), DM (B), 50 mg/kg TFF-treated (C), 100 mg/kg TFF-treated (D) and 200 mg/kg TFF-treated (E) group (Scale bar=4 μm). F-J:The enlarged views of A-E were showed. K: The BM thicknesses of retinal capillaries in different group were measured.. Data are expressed as mean ±standard deviation; n=4 per group. ※p<0.01. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2712068_pone-0006374-g005_41687.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Comparison of all ABPs and substrate probes in parallel in separate mice.Fluorescence images of live mice bearing C2C12ras tumors treated with GB137, GB123, GB138, ProSense750 and ProSense680. Images were taken at various time points after injection using the FMT2500 imaging system. Representative pictures of each mouse scanned over time in the 680 nm or 750 nM channel are presented. Fluorescent tomography scans in color are overlaid over an epifluorescent image in black and white. The colorimetric scale bars indicate nm of fluorescence. White circles indicate the location and rough size of individual tumors. These circles do not indicate the area used for quantification of tumor fluorescence in figure 6. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3716810_pone-0069111-g001_218910.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | One ulcerated cancer with well-demarcated borders (4.0 cm in size) was identified by colonoscopy in the ascending colon.The results of colonoscopy were taken as the gold standard. FDG PET/CT imaging revealed an increased FDG uptake in a compatible location (arrow); therefore, the FDG PET/CT findings were considered as true-positive. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3947735_fig14_272744.jpg | Describe the image concisely. |
In vivo MM-OCT and OCT images. (a) MM-OCT signal (green channel) is superposed on the OCT signal ((b) red channel). Adapted from John et al. [93]. (c) Immunohistochemical stained sections. (I) targeted MNP-injected, (II) nontargeted MNP-injected, and (III) saline-injected rats. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4699069_fig1_458596.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Erect CXR showing free air under the diaphragm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4279262_fig3_347383.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Endoscopic image of endometriosis EEC stage I (a), EEC stage II (b), and EEC stage III ((c): (A)–(C)). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3437270_fig1_153753.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | (a) Computed tomography (CT) scan showing a tumor occupying the spinal canal and extending into the paravertebral space through the right intervertebral foramen between Th7 and Th8. Axial (b) and coronal (c) T1-weighted magnetic resonance images with gadolinium enhancement, revealing a well-demarcated enhancing dumbbell-shaped tumor at Th7/8 on the right side. The tumor compresses the spinal cord anterolaterally towards the left side. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3705844_fig1_216578.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Macroscopic histomorphological evaluation of bladders. All the bladders from the Control (a) and ω-3-treated-rats (b) revealed a normal appearance. In the BBN group (c), 65.0% of the rats exhibited exuberant bladder cancer occupying almost the vesical lumen. In this group, the bladders showed a remarkable hypervascularization, suggesting neoangiogenesis, characteristic of tumor growth. In the preventive ω-3 + BBN group (d), identical percentage of tumors was found but with an outstanding reduction of tumor volume. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2696105_pone-0006010-g010_40011.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Discrete segmentation and continuous contouring.Left: confinement tree [111]. Top-middle: level sets of the confinement tree in a brain tumour NMR slice [111]. Top-right: watershed tree [103]. Middle-left: level sets of the watershed tree [110]. Middle-right: watershed tree and landscape with different water levels. Bottom-left: on the left (respectively right) successful (respectively failed) contour of the remarkable Gaussian line in case of one (respectively two) isolated (respectively close) grey level peak(s) [41]. Bottom-right: 3D image of two close peaks [41]
|
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_08570.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Non-orthogonal (oblique) planning of the 3 Chamber view as cross referenced to the Short axis view. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3029332_pone-0016320-g004_85697.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative |
In situ skin DC phenotyping.Sections of normal swine skin were acetone/methanol fixed and stained for the indicated specificity (green) and CD1 (red). A. CD172a, B. CD11R3, C. CD163, D. CD16, E. CD206, F. CD207, G. CD209, H. CADM1. Antibodies used are described in Materials and Methods. Images are representative of at least 5 pictures from different regions of biopsies from at least 3 different animals, independently stained. Objective used 40x oil immersion. E: Epidermis, D: Dermis, Scale bars = 10 µm. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvf90mk074y966fegn0.jpg | How many polyps are in the image? | 0 |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3510233_pone-0050114-g007_169559.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | The immunofluorescence stains of keratocan, lumican and vimentin for keratocytes in four groups at day 8 of culture.Keratocytes at day 8 of SMG culture on the carriers richly interconnected to form 3D cell clumps and were positively immunostained for keratocan and lumican (A, E). Keratocytes on the carriers in static culture were positively immunostained for keratocan and lumican (B, F). Few cells in plastic with or without VPA and VC were positively immunostained for lumican (G, H). Keratocytes from four groups were positively immunostained for vimentin, which revealed that the cytoplasms were stained red, the nuclei were stained blue (I–L). All photographs were taken at ×200 magnification. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic594.jpg | what plane is the image acquired in? | coronal |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_08224.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | CT of chest with contrast showing 10 × 13 cm soft tissue mass in the left anterior lower hemithorax, from the left anterior 6th rib to the EO muscle and left pericardium, inseparable from LV myocardium. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_2153.jpg | What does this image show? | pancreas |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2740233_fig-001_45539.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Pre-operative radiographs of the wrist showing displaced fracture of the distal radius and ulna. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3121951_f0010_100322.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Representative microCT images of trabecular bone in the sciatic neurectomised (right) and contra-lateral normally loaded control tibias (left) from each of the 8 groups of mice. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_31698.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Placenta accreta. The arrow indicates loss of definition of the normal hypoechoic myometrium. The uterine and bladder wall demarcation is also poor |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_52312.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Mid esophageal four chamber view showing flail tricuspid valve |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4586721_f5_428020.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Transmission electron microscopy analysis.TEM images of thin film of Phos-NDI 1– MM at 1:12 ratio. TEM images show molecularly thick sheets (down to 4.2 to 2 nm as in E and F, higher thicknesses are more abundantly observed as seen in (B) that twist and spin at the edges (D) to form the flower like structure. The sheets crease and bend in the middle to produce the 3D formation (A). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3713995_F1_218490.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Chest computed tomographic scans for 3 patients infected with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, Shanghai, China. A) Patient 1, who died, showing extensive lung infiltrates at day 7 of illness onset. B) Patient 3, who had a severe case, showing partial rear lung infiltrations on both sides of the lung and partial normal lung at day 7 of illness onset. C) Patient 4, who had a mild case, showing only partial left lung lobar involvement at day 9 of illness onset. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4049674_f7-ol-07-06-2065_295731.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Immunohistochemical staining of colorectal carcinoma tissue sections. (A–C) Immunohistochemical images demonstrated very low levels of RIP1 staining in normal and inflammatory tissues (magnification, ×400). (D and E) The results for RIP1 cytoplasmic staining in colon cancer were weakly positive (magnification, ×400) and (F–L) strongly positive (magnification, ×400). RIP, receptor-interacting protein. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_80724.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Axial USG image of the right kidney reveals multiple cysts in the perirenal region and the region of the pelvis |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2740102_fig-001_45322.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Anteroposterior radiograph of the lumbar spine showing enlargement of the left transverse process of the fifth lumbar vertebra. Upper arrow: enlarged transverse process; lower arrow: anomalous articulation with the
sacral ala with arthritic changes. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic20215.jpg | what organ system is imaged? | musculoskeletal |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3146507_pone-0022747-g006_103922.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | A. Distichoptilum gracile, 100 mm. B. Renilla amesthystina, 38 mm, dorsal (upper), ventral (lower). C. Cavernularia glans, 65 mm. D. Cavernularia malabarica, 32 mm. E. Echinoptilum echinatum, 57 mm. F. Actinoptilum molle, 90 mm. G. Porcupinella profunda, 40 mm. H. Sarcoptilus grandis, 220 mm. I. Pteroeides sp., 58 mm. J. Crassophyllum cristatum, 195 mm. K. Gyrophyllum sibogae, 230 mm. L. Gilibelemnon octodentatum, 44 mm. M. Kophobelemnon affine, 140 mm. N. Scytalium martensi, 120 mm. The measurements given represent the total lengths of the entire specimens or portion of specimens shown. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwytdoho086u5sn91254.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | Yes |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_52165.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Implant integrated with the bone; visible normal trabecular meshwork at the site of the distal root after 2.5 years of grafting |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2877709_pone-0010857-g005_65098.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | HT29 tumor sections showing blood perfusion, in vivo targeting of CAIX by 111In-DOTA-Fab-cG250 and endogenous CAIX expression at 24 hours pi.A: blood perfusion (in vivo targeted with Hoechst, blue), B: in vivo targeted CAIX (111In-DOTA-Fab-cG250, white) and C: endogenous CAIX (ex vivo cG250 immunofluorescence, red). Enlarged 3×3 mm areas of tumor sections showing; D: blood perfusion (in vivo targeted with Hoechst, blue), E: in vivo targeted CAIX (111In-DOTA-Fab-cG250, white) and F: endogenous CAIX (ex vivo cG250 immunofluorescence, red). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4099076_pone-0102041-g006_306191.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | VHL-knockdown alters the expression of EMT markers in RCC cells.Representative phase-contrast and immunofluorescence images of the isogenic SN12C and ACHN cells. Scale bars = 100 µm in the phase-contrast images. Scale bars = 7.5 µm and 10 µm in the immunofluorescence images of the SN12C and ACHN cells, respectively. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4692521_f0005_456856.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Example segmentation of a neonatal MRI acquired at 28 weeks PMA at scan with the 82 labels overlaid (second row: WM labels, third row: CGM labels, fourth row: subcortical GM labels and ventricles). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3205767_fig2_113736.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Comparison of the reconstructed tomography images derived using the Bayesian method and conventional FBP. The top row shows the Bayesian FBP methods, and the bottom one shows the conventional one. Each column corresponds to the strength of the observation Gaussian noise standard deviations. We show the magnification of a part of the reconstructed images around the edge of the phantom, whose location is indicated by white rectangle in the true image. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3854450_F5_249725.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Example images of case applications. a) A wild type LPTC Vertical System 1 (VS1) neuron in a fruitfly adult brain; b) A mutant of VS1 neuron. Neuron morphology of a) and b) are labeled using green fluorescent protein; c) A LPTC Horizontal System (HS) neuron whose morphology is labeled with a membrane-tethered red fluorescent protein. Images shown in a, b, and c) are maximal projections of 3D image obtained by laser scanning confocal microscopy. Scale bar: 10 microns. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3852596_F3_249247.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Postoperative coursePostoperative course. Five months after the last course of chemotherapy, computed tomography (CT) scans revealed a recurrent regional lymph node (arrow) but no recurrence in the liver (A). A contemporary gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed hemorrhage from an esophagus longitudinal ulcer, but no carcinoma recurrence was apparent in the esophagus (B). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4045518_fig1_294467.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | (a) Normal transplant kidney on gray scale ultrasound, demonstrating good contrast resolution between cortex and medulla. Slight dilatation of the collecting system and pig-tail catheter (arrow) is noted. (b) Normal renal artery and vein of the transplant kidney on color Doppler ultrasound. (c) Normal homogeneous blood flow throughout the transplant kidney on color Doppler ultrasound. Interlobar, arcuate, and the peripheral cortical branches are illustrated. (d) Normal renal vein waveform on spectral Doppler ultrasound. (e) Normal intrarenal artery waveform on spectral Doppler ultrasound shows a brisk systolic upstroke and high diastolic flow. Resistive index is normal (RI = 0.71). (f) Normal waveform of the renal artery on spectral Doppler ultrasound. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4570455_Fig2_423697.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Multi-focus 18F-FDG uptake mass in a 65-year-old male. The whole-body PET (a) and axial PET (b), CT (c), and fused PET/CT images (d) show multi-focus FDG accumulation in the mass of the left upper lung lobe (black arrow). The pathologic result was inflammatory pseudotumor |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_28563.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Postoperative DSA in AP (2f) and lateral (2g) projections showing no aneurysmal remnant and a patent left PICA. The white arrow shows the end-to-end PICA anastomosis site |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2984382_F3_78635.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Photomicrographs showing the immunohistochemical profile of a rhabdomyosarcoma including the haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slide which displays sheets of pleomorphic and polymorphic cells which have hyperchromatic nuclei. There is strong immunopositivity for myogenin (MYO), moderate positivity for vimentin (VIM) and equivocal staining with desmin (DES) and neurone specific enolase (NSE). There is also negativity for epithelial markers (AE1 and AE3) and leukocyte common antigen (LCA). All immunohistochemical sections were counterstained with hematoxylin. (X400) |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2394385_fig2_23160.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Case 1, neoadjuvant imatinib treatment. Pretreatment core needle biopsies of a huge abdominal tumour and liver metastases showing characteristic features of a malignant spindled and epithelioid GIST (A) that is immunoreactive for CD117 (B) and MIB1 (Ki67 proliferative index=10%) (C). After 3 months of imatinib treatment, the tumour shows extensive hyalinisation with scattered residual tumour cells (D), necrosis (E), cyst formation and areas of viable tumour (F) in which the proliferative index is virtually zero (only a few inflammatory cells next to a vessel are MIB1 immunoreactive, G). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4222970_pone-0111990-g001_333727.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Diagrammatic representation of how to place the ROIs on PET/CT image of a 63-year-old man.(a) Coronal section with ROI. (b) Axial section with ROI of superior vena cava and ascending aorta. (c) Axial section with ROI of right carotid artery. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2858658_pone-0010299-g010_62723.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Expression of activated Capn3 in urothelial tumors.E5 oncoprotein documented by scanning laser confocal microscope. Immunofluorescence is evident in the cytoplasm of several neoplastic cells (arrows). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_53824.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Computer tomography demonstrated a cystic mass protruding outward from the fundus of the gallbladder (white triangles). The tumor, 25 mm in diameter, showed mild contrast enhancement in the cyst wall on portal venous phase |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3961290_f1-ol-07-04-1027_275687.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Expression of VEGF-C, VEGFR-3 and D2-40 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue. (A) VEGF-C (magnification, ×100) and (B) VEGFR-3 (magnification, ×200) were distributed throughout the cytoplasm of cancer cells. (C) D2-40 expression was detected in lymphatic endothelial cells (magnification, ×200). VEGF-C, vascular endothelial growth factor-C; VEGFR-3, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3458893_pone-0045735-g001_157484.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Trap leaves of Drosera glanduligera.(A) A naturally growing plant; note the peripheral, non-sticky snap-tentacles and the deeply concave trap leaves covered with glue-tentacles. (B) A cultivated plant; the snap-tentacles extend from the lamina margin. (C) A caught fruit fly; the prey is deeply drawn within the concave leaf blade. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3559681_pone-0053463-g002_182505.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | AAV cell targeting in the fovea, parafovea and perifovea.Histological sections were stained with DAPI (blue) and peanut agglutinin (red), a lectin specific for terminal galactose residues prevalent on cone PR, and finally visualized for GFP (green) by direct fluorescence. The foveal, parafoveal and perifoveal regions were identified based on topology and cone density. Perifoveal areas were chosen in a region between 1.3 and 1.9 mm from the fovea. Within the subretinal injection area, cone transduction in the peripheral retina was similar in efficiency to that in the perifovea. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820gljs4kj071ufgaectxo.jpg | Is there text? | Yes |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3901140_cells-01-01029-f003_261279.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | TEMP is a Type III membrane protein. Amino-terminal myc-tagged TEMP was transiently transfected into HeLa cells and expressed for 24 h. The exposure of TEMP’s amino-terminus to the extracellular environment was confirmed by analyzing non-permeabilised cells (Surface labeled) and permeabilised cells by indirect immunofluorescence using anti-myc antibodies. The inclusion of antibodies to the cytoplasmic SNX1 protein controlled for the integrity of the plasma membrane. Images were captured using a Zeiss LSM 510 META confocal laser scanning microscope. Bar represents 10 μm. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3264500_F2_122984.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | BFA blocks sorting of SMS1 and 2. HeLa cells expressing GFP-SMS1 (A and D), GFP-SMS2 (B and E), CD4-GFP (C and F) were treated with BFA (5 μg/ml) for 8 hours (A-C). The cells were washed 6 times with growth media to remove BFA and allowed to recover for 3 h (D-F). Images were obtained using confocal microscopy. Calnexin is an ER marker, TGN46 is a Golgi marker, and Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) is a plasma membrane marker. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_49696.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | TDM nasosinusienne en Coupe axiale montrant un processus tumoral tissulaire occupant le sinus maxillaire droit lysant la paroi antérolatérale du sinus et repoussant la cloison nasale à gauche |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qu1faj08322npi90ep.jpg | Are there any anatomical landmarks in the image? | Ileum |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_48419.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Final cephalogram of case 1. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4316977_f1-etm-09-03-0835_355527.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Magnetic resonance imaging exhibited an abnormal signal in the prostate and left seminal vesicle, indicating prostate abscesses involving the seminal vesicle. (A and B) Axial fat saturation images revealed multiple prostate abscesses involving the seminal vesicle; (C) coronal T2-weighted image; (D) sagittal T2-weighted image. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4455612_Fig1_393486.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Preoperative CT images of bone-window revealed a low density mass, irregular shape, internal and external bony plates eroded. (A) On axial CT scan. (B) On sagittal CT scan. (C) A 3D reconstructed image by CT showed external bony plates to be jacked up. (D) Postoperative CT scan of the axial showing no tumor recurrence 12 months after operation. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4624359_Fig12_438269.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Case 3. An X-ray image of unjured hand |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3498252_pone-0048736-g009_165971.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Nucleolus of mock and HCRSV infected kenaf leaf and protoplasts.Upper panel shows silver staining of nucleolus (dark brown color) in a kenaf epidermal leaf cell. Lower panel shows DAPI stained nucleoli (dark spots in the blue nucleus) in 2–3 kenaf protoplasts. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4216097_pone-0111548-g001_332081.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Expression of HNr in the anterior pituitary gland.(A) Anterior pituitary sections and (B) cultured anterior pituitary cells from OVX rats were processed for identification of HNr and pituitary hormones by double immunofluorescence. Left panels: nuclear staining with DAPI; middle panels: immunocytochemistry for HNr; right panels: immunocytochemistry for prolactin (PRL) or growth hormone (GH). Arrows show a lactotrope and a somatotrope expressing HNr. Scale bars: 10 µm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_18394.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Transthoracic echocardiography showing shunt. RPA right pulmonary artery, LA left atrium |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3691480_Fig9_213621.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | A 13-year-old boy with a history of extraosseous metastatic Ewing sarcoma of the pelvis now showing new imaging findings (arrows) suspicious for soft tissue metastasis in the adductor longus muscle. On MR imaging, size regression was seen within 7 weeks. Because of an intensive increase in glucose utilization, a biopsy was performed, which revealed inflammatory changes. Arrows indicate the positive PET/MR finding |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3720882_pone-0068879-g002_219613.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Magnetic field induced activation of EGFR.Confocal image analysis-left column after 60 sec magnetization or right column without magnetiztion. (a,b) MS- Alexa488-biocytin, green; (a′, b′) EGFR activation (pY-EGFR1068) red; (a′′,b′′) overlay of red, green and DAPI DNA staining, blue, images; and DIC image (bottom). Scale bar is 10 µm. (c) Two-dimensional colocalization histogram for the same confocal sections a and a′ after background subtraction. SEM images of A431 cells reacted with MS after (d,d′) and without (e,e′) application of magnetic field. Scale bars, 1 µm for (d & e) and 500 nm for (d′ & e′), respectively. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1ps1dzz083243a1aigt.jpg | What type of procedure is the image taken from? | Colonoscopy |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1967.jpg | What said to be due to syringomyelus? | close-up excellent example of interosseous muscle atrophy |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_55809.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Three headed papillary muscle complex.Note: This is an apical view which demonstrates that the papillary muscle complex consists of a base with a single, tall head flanked by a smaller head on either side. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3501436_f1-etm-04-04-0669_166765.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Morphology of fibroblasts 24 h after IPL irradiation. Primary fibroblasts isolated from the foreskin were cultured in 10% CSF medium following various dosages of IPL irradiation. Morphological changes could be observed under the microscope after 24 h of culture. (a) Change with sham irradiation; (b) results following IPL irradiation at 18 and (c) 35 J/cm2. IPL, intense pulsed light. Magnification, x40. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4237092_f7-mmr-11-01-0059_337577.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Cell invasion assay by Transwell method Stained with crystal voolet. (Magnification, ×100). CON, control; NC, negative control; KD, interference group. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwymdobo086u84xteqsm.jpg | How many findings are present? | 0 |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxuw8ztg074y3tg1govn.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | No |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4496201_F8_404489.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | NZ-1 and MASL exhibit different OSCC cell binding dynamics(a) HSC-2 cells were incubated with fluorescently labeled MASL or NZ-1 for 2 minutes and examined by confocal microscopy. MASL bound to cell membranes, while NZ-1 did not. (b) Colocalization of MASL and PDPN is evident by confocal microscopy. Bars = 50 microns. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3300079_F2_129518.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography maximum intensity projection images. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3643865_F3_202704.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Computed tomography scan in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the lung (no EGFR mutation) and bone pain (bone lesion causing weakness of the right lower limb, initial manifestation of this lung malignancy, treatment-naïve), massive extra-osseous extension present: treated with 3 Gy x10. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_3011.jpg | What is present? | cardiovascular |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4179893_fig-7_323751.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Photograph and line drawing of the skull of the holotype specimen of Alligatorellus bavaricus (LMU 1937 I 26) in dorsolateral aspect. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2006.jpg | Does this image show kidney, arteriolonephrosclerosis, malignant hypertension? | yes |
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