id int64 39 79M | url stringlengths 32 168 | text stringlengths 7 145k | source stringlengths 2 105 | categories listlengths 1 6 | token_count int64 3 32.2k | subcategories listlengths 0 27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8,255,875 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrakis%28triphenylphosphine%29platinum%280%29 | Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)platinum(0) is the chemical compound with the formula Pt(P(C6H5)3)4, often abbreviated Pt(PPh3)4. The bright yellow compound is used as a precursor to other platinum complexes.
Structure and behavior
The molecule is tetrahedral, with point group symmetry of Td, as expected for a four-coordi... | Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)platinum(0) | [
"Chemistry"
] | 506 | [
"Catalysis",
"Catalysts",
"Coordination complexes",
"Coordination chemistry",
"Homogeneous catalysis",
"Chemical kinetics"
] |
8,261,048 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antitermination | In molecular biology, antitermination is the prokaryotic cell's aid to fix premature termination during the transcription of RNA. It occurs when the RNA polymerase ignores the termination signal and continues elongating its transcript until a second signal is reached. Antitermination provides a mechanism whereby one or... | Antitermination | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 2,520 | [
"Gene expression",
"Molecular genetics",
"Cellular processes",
"Molecular biology",
"Biochemistry"
] |
8,263,115 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penning%20ionization | Penning ionization is a form of chemi-ionization, an ionization process involving reactions between neutral atoms or molecules.
The Penning effect is put to practical use in applications such as gas-discharge neon lamps and fluorescent lamps, where the lamp is filled with a Penning mixture to improve the electrical cha... | Penning ionization | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 791 | [
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Electron spectroscopy",
"Ion source",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Spectroscopy"
] |
4,796,040 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemostat | A chemostat (from chemical environment is static) is a bioreactor to which fresh medium is continuously added, while culture liquid containing left over nutrients, metabolic end products and microorganisms is continuously removed at the same rate to keep the culture volume constant. By changing the rate with which medi... | Chemostat | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 2,703 | [
"Bioreactors",
"Biological engineering",
"Chemical reactors",
"Biochemical engineering",
"Microbiology equipment"
] |
4,800,139 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladle%20%28metallurgy%29 | In metallurgy, a ladle is a bucket-shaped container or vessel used to transport and pour out molten metals. Ladles are often used in foundries and range in size from small hand-carried vessels that resemble a kitchen ladle and hold to large steelmill ladles that hold up to . Many non-ferrous foundries also use ceramic... | Ladle (metallurgy) | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 1,587 | [
"Metallurgical processes",
"Steelmaking",
"Metallurgy"
] |
4,802,556 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheoscopic%20fluid | In fluid mechanics (specifically rheology), rheoscopic fluids are fluids whose internal currents are visible as it flows. Such fluids are effective in visualizing dynamic currents, such as convection and laminar flow. They are microscopic crystalline platelets such as mica, metallic flakes, or fish scales in suspension... | Rheoscopic fluid | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 195 | [
"Piping",
"Chemical engineering",
"Fluid dynamics stubs",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
4,803,621 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesicular%20monoamine%20transporter%202 | The solute carrier family 18 member 2 (SLC18A2) also known as vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC18A2 gene. SLC18A2 is an integral membrane protein that transports monoamines—particularly neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and histamine... | Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,384 | [
"Biomolecules by chemical classification",
"Biogenic amines",
"Signal transduction",
"Receptors",
"Molecular neuroscience",
"Molecular biology",
"Biochemistry",
"Neurochemistry"
] |
6,274,233 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encircled%20energy | In optics, encircled energy is a measure of concentration of energy in an image, or projected laser at a given range. For example, if a single star is brought to its sharpest focus by a lens giving the smallest image possible with that given lens (called a point spread function or PSF), calculation of the encircled en... | Encircled energy | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 405 | [
"Optical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Physical quantities",
"nan"
] |
12,901,064 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarry%20tile | Quarry tile is a building material, usually to inch (13 to 19 mm) thick, made by either the extrusion process or more commonly by press forming and firing natural clay or shales. Quarry tile is manufactured from clay in a manner similar to bricks. It is shaped from clay, and fired at a high temperature, about .
Size... | Quarry tile | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 561 | [
"Building engineering",
"Construction",
"Materials",
"Building materials",
"Matter",
"Architecture"
] |
12,901,396 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullnose | Bullnose is a term used in building construction for rounded convex trim, particularly in masonry and ceramic tile. It is also used in relation to road safety and (formerly) railroad engineering design.
Uses
Bullnose trim is used to provide a smooth, rounded edge for countertops, staircase steps, building corners, ve... | Bullnose | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 380 | [
"Building engineering",
"Construction",
"Materials",
"Building materials",
"Architecture stubs",
"Matter",
"Architecture"
] |
12,901,731 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20nondemolition%20measurement | Quantum nondemolition (QND) measurement is a special type of measurement of a quantum system in which the uncertainty of the measured observable does not increase from its measured value during the subsequent normal evolution of the system. This necessarily requires that the measurement process preserves the physical ... | Quantum nondemolition measurement | [
"Physics"
] | 955 | [
"Quantum measurement",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
12,903,181 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riser%20clamp | A riser clamp is a type of hardware used by mechanical building trades for pipe support in vertical runs of piping (risers) at each floor level. The devices are placed around the pipe, and integral fasteners are then tightened to clamp them onto the pipe. The friction between the pipe and riser clamp transfers the wei... | Riser clamp | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 201 | [
"Building engineering",
"Chemical engineering",
"Plumbing",
"Construction",
"Mechanical engineering",
"Piping"
] |
23,876,318 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C15H13NO4 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C15H13NO4}}
The molecular formula C15H13NO4 (molar mass: 271.24 g/mol, exact mass: 271.0845 u) may refer to:
Acetaminosalol
Darienine
Molecular formulas | C15H13NO4 | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 61 | [
"Molecules",
"Set index articles on molecular formulas",
"Isomerism",
"Molecular formulas",
"Matter"
] |
23,876,569 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allantoic%20acid | Allantoic acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula C4H8N4O4. It is a crystalline acid obtained by hydrolysis of allantoin.
In nature, allantoic acid is produced from allantoin by the enzyme allantoinase (encoded by the gene AllB (Uniprot: P77671) in Escherichia coli and other bacteria).
References
Ureas... | Allantoic acid | [
"Chemistry"
] | 94 | [
"Organic compounds",
"Organic compound stubs",
"Organic chemistry stubs",
"Ureas"
] |
23,877,012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient%20of%20moment | The coefficients used for moment are similar to coefficients of lift, drag, and thrust, and are likewise dimensionless; however, these must include a characteristic length, in addition to the area; the span is used for rolling or yawing moment, and the chord is used for pitching moment.
Aerodynamics | Coefficient of moment | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 62 | [
"Aerospace engineering",
"Aerodynamics",
"Fluid dynamics stubs",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
23,879,650 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20license%20manager | A software license manager is a software management tool used by independent software vendors or by end-user organizations to control where and how software products are able to run. License managers protect software vendors from losses due to software piracy and enable end-user organizations to comply with software li... | Software license manager | [
"Technology"
] | 344 | [
"Information systems",
"System administration"
] |
23,881,008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project%20Kaisei | Project Kaisei (from 海星, kaisei, "ocean planet" in Japanese) is a scientific and commercial mission to study and clean up the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, a large body of floating plastic and marine debris trapped in the Pacific Ocean by the currents of the North Pacific Gyre. Discovered by NOAA, and publicized by Capt... | Project Kaisei | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Environmental_science"
] | 1,760 | [
"Ocean pollution",
"Hydrology",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Oceanography",
"Water pollution"
] |
23,882,970 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosinergic | Adenosinergic means "working on adenosine".
An adenosinergic agent (or drug) is a chemical which functions to directly modulate the adenosine system in the body or brain. Examples include adenosine receptor agonists, adenosine receptor antagonists (such as caffeine), and adenosine reuptake inhibitors.
See also
Adren... | Adenosinergic | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 137 | [
"Biochemistry",
"Neurochemistry",
"Neurotransmitters"
] |
23,884,289 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93-Hydroxyvaleric%20acid | γ-Hydroxyvaleric acid (GHV), also known as 4-methyl-GHB, is a designer drug related to γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB). It is sometimes seen on the grey market as a legal alternative to GHB, but with lower potency and higher toxicity, properties which have tended to limit its recreational use.
γ-Valerolactone (GVL) acts a... | Γ-Hydroxyvaleric acid | [
"Biology"
] | 185 | [
"Hypnotics",
"Behavior",
"Sleep"
] |
23,884,660 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strut%20channel | Strut channel, often referred to colloquially by one of several manufacturer trade names, is a standardized formed structural system used in the construction and electrical industries for light structural support, often for supporting wiring, plumbing, or mechanical components such as air conditioning or ventilation sy... | Strut channel | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 986 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Building engineering",
"Architecture",
"Construction",
"Materials",
"Civil engineering",
"Matter",
"Building materials"
] |
12,905,248 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridynamics | Peridynamics is a non-local formulation of continuum mechanics that is oriented toward deformations with discontinuities, especially fractures. Originally, bond-based peridynamic has been introduced, wherein, internal interaction forces between a material point and all the other ones with which it can interact, are mo... | Peridynamics | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 3,016 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Fracture mechanics",
"Continuum mechanics",
"Classical mechanics",
"Materials science",
"Materials degradation"
] |
12,905,296 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite%20construction | Composite construction is a generic term to describe any building construction involving multiple dissimilar materials. Composite construction is often used in building aircraft, watercraft, and building construction. There are several reasons to use composite materials including increased strength, aesthetics, and env... | Composite construction | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 898 | [
"Building engineering",
"Architecture",
"Structural system",
"Prestressed concrete construction",
"Materials",
"Construction",
"Civil engineering",
"Matter",
"Building materials"
] |
125,769 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binding%20energy | In physics and chemistry, binding energy is the smallest amount of energy required to remove a particle from a system of particles or to disassemble a system of particles into individual parts. In the former meaning the term is predominantly used in condensed matter physics, atomic physics, and chemistry, whereas in nu... | Binding energy | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,446 | [
"Physical quantities",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Quantity",
"Mass",
"Forms of energy",
"Energy (physics)",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Nuclear physics",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Matter"
] |
2,612,812 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNDO/2 | Complete Neglect of Differential Overlap (CNDO) is one of the first semi empirical methods in quantum chemistry. It uses the core approximation, in which only the outer valence electrons are explicitly included, and the approximation of zero-differential overlap.
CNDO/2 is the main version of CNDO. The method was firs... | CNDO/2 | [
"Chemistry"
] | 373 | [
"Computational chemistry",
"Quantum chemistry",
"Semiempirical quantum chemistry methods"
] |
2,614,426 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypophosphorous%20acid | Hypophosphorous acid (HPA), or phosphinic acid, is a phosphorus oxyacid and a powerful reducing agent with molecular formula H3PO2. It is a colorless low-melting compound, which is soluble in water, dioxane
and alcohols. The formula for this acid is generally written H3PO2, but a more descriptive presentation is HOP... | Hypophosphorous acid | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,052 | [
"Redox",
"Reducing agents",
"Reagents for organic chemistry"
] |
2,615,082 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trost%20ligand | {{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 470618137
| ImageFile = Trost ligand.png
| ImageSize =
| ImageFile1 = Trost-ligand-from-xtal-1999-Mercury-3D-balls.png
| IUPACName = (1R,2R)-(+)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane-N,N-bis(2-diphenylphosphinobenzoyl)
| PIN = N,N′-[(1R,2R)-cyclohexane... | Trost ligand | [
"Chemistry"
] | 371 | [
"Catalysis",
"Catalysts",
"Chemical process stubs",
"Organic compounds",
"Reagents for organic chemistry",
"Chemical reaction stubs",
"Chemical kinetics",
"Organic compound stubs",
"Organic chemistry stubs"
] |
2,616,258 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pole%20figure | A pole figure is a graphical representation of the orientation of objects in space. For example, pole figures in the form of stereographic projections are used to represent the orientation distribution of crystallographic lattice planes in crystallography and texture analysis in materials science.
Definition
Consider... | Pole figure | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,182 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Materials science",
"nan"
] |
2,616,345 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drillship | A drillship is a merchant vessel designed for use in exploratory offshore drilling of new oil and gas wells or for scientific drilling purposes. In recent years the vessels have been used in deepwater and ultra-deepwater applications, equipped with the latest and most advanced dynamic positioning systems.
History
The... | Drillship | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,164 | [
"Construction",
"Offshore engineering"
] |
2,616,544 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Websterite | Websterite is ultramafic igneous rock, a type of pyroxenite that has less than 5% olivine and roughly equal proportions of orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene.
Websterite is named after the town Webster in North Carolina.
References
Plutonic rocks
Ultramafic rocks | Websterite | [
"Chemistry"
] | 70 | [
"Ultramafic rocks",
"Igneous rocks by composition"
] |
2,616,612 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supersymmetric%20gauge%20theory | In theoretical physics, there are many theories with supersymmetry (SUSY) which also have internal gauge symmetries. Supersymmetric gauge theory generalizes this notion.
Gauge theory
A gauge theory is a field theory with gauge symmetry. Roughly, there are two types of symmetries, global and local. A global symmetry i... | Supersymmetric gauge theory | [
"Physics"
] | 1,561 | [
"Supersymmetric quantum field theory",
"Supersymmetry",
"Symmetry"
] |
2,616,675 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavor-changing%20neutral%20current | In particle physics, flavor-changing neutral currents or flavour-changing neutral currents (FCNCs) are hypothetical interactions that change the flavor of a fermion without altering its electric charge.
Details
If they occur in nature (as reflected by Lagrangian interaction terms), these processes may induce phenomena... | Flavor-changing neutral current | [
"Physics"
] | 685 | [
"Standard Model",
"Hypotheses in physics",
"Theoretical physics",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Particle physics",
"Physics beyond the Standard Model"
] |
2,616,711 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nielsen%E2%80%93Olesen%20string | In theoretical physics, Nielsen–Olesen string is a one-dimensional object or equivalently a classical solution of certain equations of motion. The solution does not depend on the direction along the string; the dependence on the other two, transverse dimensions is identical as in the case of a Nielsen–Olesen vortex.
R... | Nielsen–Olesen string | [
"Physics"
] | 68 | [
"Quantum field theory",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Quantum physics stubs"
] |
2,616,724 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nielsen%E2%80%93Olesen%20vortex | In theoretical physics, a Nielsen–Olesen vortex is a point-like object localized in two spatial dimensions or, equivalently, a classical solution of field theory with the same property. This particular solution occurs if the configuration space of scalar fields contains non-contractible circles. A circle surrounding th... | Nielsen–Olesen vortex | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 160 | [
"Quantum field theory",
"Vortices",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Dynamical systems",
"Quantum physics stubs",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
2,616,772 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet%20completion | In theoretical physics, ultraviolet completion, or UV completion, of a quantum field theory is the passing from a lower energy quantum field theory to a more general quantum field theory above a threshold value known as the cutoff. In particular, the more general high energy theory must be well-defined at arbitrarily h... | Ultraviolet completion | [
"Physics"
] | 298 | [
"Quantum field theory",
"Physical phenomena",
"Critical phenomena",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Renormalization group",
"Statistical mechanics",
"Quantum physics stubs"
] |
2,616,805 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theta%20structure | A theta structure is an intermediate structure formed during the replication of a circular DNA molecule. Two replication forks can proceed independently around the DNA ring and when viewed from above the structure resembles the Greek letter "theta" (θ). Originally discovered by John Cairns, it led to the understanding ... | Theta structure | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 148 | [
"Genetics techniques",
"Molecular biology stubs",
"DNA replication",
"Molecular genetics",
"Molecular biology"
] |
2,616,884 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Ulanowicz | Robert Edward Ulanowicz ( ) is an American theoretical ecologist and philosopher of Polish descent who in his search for a unified theory of ecology has formulated a paradigm he calls Process Ecology. He was born September 17, 1943, in Baltimore, Maryland.
He served as professor of theoretical ecology at the Universit... | Robert Ulanowicz | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 935 | [
"Thermodynamics",
"Thermodynamicists"
] |
18,637,421 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor%20derivative%20%28continuum%20mechanics%29 | The derivatives of scalars, vectors, and second-order tensors with respect to second-order tensors are of considerable use in continuum mechanics. These derivatives are used in the theories of nonlinear elasticity and plasticity, particularly in the design of algorithms for numerical simulations.
The directional deriv... | Tensor derivative (continuum mechanics) | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 1,501 | [
"Solid mechanics",
"Mechanics",
"Mechanical engineering"
] |
18,638,809 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degenerate%20semiconductor | A degenerate semiconductor is a semiconductor with such a high level of doping that the material starts to act more like a metal than a semiconductor. Unlike non-degenerate semiconductors, these kinds of semiconductor do not obey the law of mass action, which relates intrinsic carrier concentration with temperature and... | Degenerate semiconductor | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 327 | [
"Semiconductor materials",
"Phases of matter",
"Materials science",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Semiconductor material types",
"Matter"
] |
10,658,132 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abundance%20of%20elements%20in%20Earth%27s%20crust | The abundance of elements in Earth's crust is shown in tabulated form with the estimated crustal abundance for each chemical element shown as mg/kg, or parts per million (ppm) by mass (10,000 ppm = 1%).
Reservoirs
The Earth's crust is one "reservoir" for measurements of abundance. A reservoir is any large body to be... | Abundance of elements in Earth's crust | [
"Chemistry"
] | 490 | [
"Lists of chemical elements",
"Properties of chemical elements"
] |
10,663,351 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligonucleotide%20synthesis | Oligonucleotide synthesis is the chemical synthesis of relatively short fragments of nucleic acids with defined chemical structure (sequence). The technique is extremely useful in current laboratory practice because it provides a rapid and inexpensive access to custom-made oligonucleotides of the desired sequence. Wher... | Oligonucleotide synthesis | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 8,997 | [
"Genetics techniques",
"Genetic engineering",
"Molecular biology techniques",
"nan",
"Molecular biology"
] |
22,373,821 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reciprocal%20frame | A reciprocal frame is a class of self-supporting structure made of three or more beams and which requires no center support to create roofs, bridges or similar structures.
Construction
Reciprocal roofs tend to be constructed in one of two ways. If built using dimensioned timber, each rafter is usually jointed into the... | Reciprocal frame | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 413 | [
"Structural system",
"Structural engineering",
"Timber framing",
"Building engineering"
] |
22,379,034 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic%20Communications | Synthetic Communications is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the synthesis of organic compounds. It was established in 1971 and is published by Taylor & Francis.
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
Chemical Abstracts Service
EBSCO databases
Embase
ProQuest collections
Sci... | Synthetic Communications | [
"Chemistry"
] | 106 | [
"Biochemistry journals",
"Biochemistry literature"
] |
22,379,115 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioorganic%20%26%20Medicinal%20Chemistry%20Letters | Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters is a scientific journal focusing on the results of research on the molecular structure of biological organisms and the interaction of biological targets with chemical agents. It is published by Elsevier, which also publishes Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry for longer works.
Bi... | Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters | [
"Chemistry"
] | 71 | [
"Biochemistry journals",
"Biochemistry journal stubs",
"Medicinal chemistry journals",
"Medicinal chemistry stubs",
"Biochemistry stubs",
"Biochemistry literature",
"Medicinal chemistry"
] |
22,379,335 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic%20Preparations%20and%20Procedures%20International | Organic Preparations and Procedures International is a bimonthly scientific journal focusing on organic chemists engaged in synthesis. Topics include original preparative chemistry in association with the synthesis of organic and organometallic compounds.
Organic chemistry journals
English-language journals | Organic Preparations and Procedures International | [
"Chemistry"
] | 51 | [
"Organic chemistry journals"
] |
1,881,339 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential%20sheaf%20sequence | In mathematics, the exponential sheaf sequence is a fundamental short exact sequence of sheaves used in complex geometry.
Let M be a complex manifold, and write OM for the sheaf of holomorphic functions on M. Let OM* be the subsheaf consisting of the non-vanishing holomorphic functions. These are both sheaves of abeli... | Exponential sheaf sequence | [
"Mathematics"
] | 492 | [
"Topology",
"Sheaf theory",
"Mathematical structures",
"Category theory"
] |
1,881,464 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental%20composite | Dental composite resins (better referred to as "resin-based composites" or simply "filled resins") are dental cements made of synthetic resins. Synthetic resins evolved as restorative materials since they were insoluble, of good tooth-like appearance, insensitive to dehydration, easy to manipulate and inexpensive. Comp... | Dental composite | [
"Physics"
] | 6,438 | [
"Materials",
"Composite materials",
"Dental materials",
"Matter"
] |
1,881,728 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grating%20light%20valve | The grating light valve (GLV) is a "micro projection" technology that operates using a dynamically adjustable diffraction grating. It competes with other light valve technologies such as Digital Light Processing (DLP) and liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) for implementation in video projector devices such as rear-projec... | Grating light valve | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,190 | [
"Electronic engineering",
"Display technology"
] |
1,882,219 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20algebraic%20coding%20theory%20topics | This is a list of algebraic coding theory topics.
Algebraic coding theory | List of algebraic coding theory topics | [
"Mathematics"
] | 15 | [
"Discrete mathematics",
"Coding theory"
] |
1,882,322 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IARC%20group%201 | IARC group 1 Carcinogens are substances, chemical mixtures, and exposure circumstances which have been classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). This category is used when there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in humans. Exceptionally, an agent (chemical m... | IARC group 1 | [
"Chemistry",
"Environmental_science"
] | 1,603 | [
"Carcinogens",
"Toxicology"
] |
1,882,377 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IARC%20group%202A | IARC group 2A agents are substances and exposure circumstances that have been classified as probable carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). This designation is applied when there is limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans, as well as sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experi... | IARC group 2A | [
"Chemistry",
"Environmental_science"
] | 1,167 | [
"Carcinogens",
"Toxicology"
] |
1,883,477 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical%20constant | An astronomical constant is any of several physical constants used in astronomy. Formal sets of constants, along with recommended values, have been defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) several times: in 1964 and in 1976 (with an update in 1994). In 2009 the IAU adopted a new current set, and recognizin... | Astronomical constant | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy",
"Mathematics"
] | 585 | [
"Units of measurement",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Units of measurement in astronomy",
"Astrophysics",
"Physical constants",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines"
] |
1,883,888 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live%20steam | Live steam is steam under pressure, obtained by heating water in a boiler. The steam may be used to operate stationary or moving equipment.
A live steam machine or device is one powered by steam, but the term is usually reserved for those that are replicas, scale models, toys, or otherwise used for heritage, museum, e... | Live steam | [
"Physics"
] | 2,108 | [
"Power (physics)",
"Steam power",
"Physical quantities"
] |
1,884,226 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrofluorometer | A spectrofluorometer is an instrument which takes advantage of fluorescent properties of some compounds in order to provide information regarding their concentration and chemical environment in a sample. A certain excitation wavelength is selected, and the emission is observed either at a single wavelength, or a scan i... | Spectrofluorometer | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 408 | [
"Spectrometers",
"Spectroscopy",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)"
] |
1,885,649 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA%20polymerase%20II | RNA polymerase II (RNAP II and Pol II) is a multiprotein complex that transcribes DNA into precursors of messenger RNA (mRNA) and most small nuclear RNA (snRNA) and microRNA. It is one of the three RNAP enzymes found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. A 550 kDa complex of 12 subunits, RNAP II is the most studied type ... | RNA polymerase II | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 3,083 | [
"Biomolecules by chemical classification",
"Gene expression",
"Molecular genetics",
"Cellular processes",
"Molecular biology",
"Biochemistry",
"Proteins"
] |
19,728,890 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field-theoretic%20simulation | A field-theoretic simulation is a numerical strategy to calculate structure and physical properties of a many-particle system within the framework of a statistical field theory, like e.g. a polymer field theory. A convenient possibility is to use Monte Carlo (MC) algorithms, to sample the full partition function integr... | Field-theoretic simulation | [
"Physics"
] | 541 | [
"Statistical mechanics",
"Computational physics"
] |
19,739,736 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proebsting%27s%20paradox | In probability theory, Proebsting's paradox is an argument that appears to show that the Kelly criterion can lead to ruin. Although it can be resolved mathematically, it raises some interesting issues about the practical application of Kelly, especially in investing. It was named and first discussed by Edward O. Thorp ... | Proebsting's paradox | [
"Mathematics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,624 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Applied mathematics",
"Computer science",
"Statistical paradoxes",
"Information theory",
"Mathematical paradoxes",
"Mathematical problems"
] |
12,910,136 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombesin-like%20receptor%203 | The bombesin receptor subtype 3 also known as BRS-3 or BB3 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the BRS3 gene.
Function
Mammalian bombesin-like peptides are widely distributed in the central nervous system as well as in the gastrointestinal tract, where they modulate smooth-muscle contraction, exocrine and end... | Bombesin-like receptor 3 | [
"Chemistry"
] | 204 | [
"G protein-coupled receptors",
"Signal transduction"
] |
12,910,645 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromedin%20B%20receptor | The neuromedin B receptor (NMBR), now known as BB1 is a G protein-coupled receptor whose endogenous ligand is neuromedin B. In humans, this protein is encoded by the NMBR gene.
Neuromedin B receptor binds neuromedin B, a potent mitogen and growth factor for normal and neoplastic lung and for gastrointestinal epithel... | Neuromedin B receptor | [
"Chemistry"
] | 99 | [
"G protein-coupled receptors",
"Signal transduction"
] |
12,910,855 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrin-releasing%20peptide%20receptor | The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), now properly known as BB2 is a G protein-coupled receptor whose endogenous ligand is gastrin releasing peptide. In humans it is highly expressed in the pancreas and is also expressed in the stomach, adrenal cortex and brain.
Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) regulates nume... | Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor | [
"Chemistry"
] | 302 | [
"G protein-coupled receptors",
"Signal transduction"
] |
12,912,917 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullough%E2%80%93Dodd%20model | The Bullough–Dodd model is an integrable model in 1+1-dimensional quantum field theory introduced by Robin Bullough and Roger Dodd. Its
Lagrangian density is
where is a mass parameter, is the coupling constant and is a real scalar field.
The Bullough–Dodd model belongs to the class of affine Toda field theories.... | Bullough–Dodd model | [
"Physics"
] | 107 | [
"Quantum field theory",
"Integrable systems",
"Theoretical physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Quantum physics stubs"
] |
23,705,618 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invariant%20set%20postulate | The invariant set postulate concerns the possible relationship between fractal geometry and quantum mechanics and in particular the hypothesis that the former can assist in resolving some of the challenges posed by the latter. It is underpinned by nonlinear dynamical systems theory and black hole thermodynamics.
Autho... | Invariant set postulate | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 728 | [
"Functions and mappings",
"Mathematical analysis",
"Theoretical physics",
"Mathematical objects",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Fractals",
"Mathematical relations"
] |
23,706,623 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operand%20isolation | In electronic low power digital synchronous circuit design, operand isolation is a technique for minimizing the energy overhead associated with redundant operations by selectively blocking the propagation of switching activity through the circuit.
This technique isolates sections of the circuit (operation) from "seeing... | Operand isolation | [
"Engineering"
] | 283 | [
"Electrical engineering",
"Electronic engineering",
"Electrical circuits"
] |
23,706,953 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite%20ring | In mathematics, more specifically abstract algebra, a finite ring is a ring that has a finite number of elements.
Every finite field is an example of a finite ring, and the additive part of every finite ring is an example of an abelian finite group, but the concept of finite rings in their own right has a more recent h... | Finite ring | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,292 | [
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Algebraic combinatorics",
"Ring theory",
"Combinatorics"
] |
23,708,391 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal%20manifold | In geometry and topology, a formal manifold can mean one of a number of related concepts:
In the sense of Dennis Sullivan, a formal manifold is one whose real homotopy type is a formal consequence of its real cohomology ring; algebro-topologically this means in particular that all Massey products vanish.
A stronger n... | Formal manifold | [
"Mathematics"
] | 92 | [
"Space (mathematics)",
"Topology stubs",
"Topological spaces",
"Topology",
"Manifolds"
] |
23,714,114 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C6H9NO | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C6H9NO}}
The molecular formula C6H9NO may refer to:
2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline
Carbapenam
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
Molecular formulas | C6H9NO | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 52 | [
"Molecules",
"Set index articles on molecular formulas",
"Isomerism",
"Molecular formulas",
"Matter"
] |
23,714,121 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C12H18N2O2 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C12H18N2O2}}
The molecular formula C12H18N2O2 may refer to:
Doxpicomine
Isophorone diisocyanate
Mexacarbate
Miotine
Molecular formulas | C12H18N2O2 | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 56 | [
"Molecules",
"Set index articles on molecular formulas",
"Isomerism",
"Molecular formulas",
"Matter"
] |
23,714,218 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C15H21N3O | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C15H21N3O}}
The molecular formula C15H21N3O (molar mass: 259.35 g/mol, exact mass: 259.1685 u) may refer to:
Primaquine
GSK-789,472
Molecular formulas | C15H21N3O | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 65 | [
"Molecules",
"Set index articles on molecular formulas",
"Isomerism",
"Molecular formulas",
"Matter"
] |
23,714,226 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C13H20N2O2 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C13H20N2O2}}
The molecular formula C13H20N2O2 (molar mass: 236.31 g/mol, exact mass: 236.1525 u) may refer to:
Dropropizine, a cough suppressant
Levodropropizine
Metabutethamine
Procaine | C13H20N2O2 | [
"Chemistry"
] | 78 | [
"Isomerism",
"Set index articles on molecular formulas"
] |
23,714,384 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tube%20sound | Tube sound (or valve sound) is the characteristic sound associated with a vacuum tube amplifier (valve amplifier in British English), a vacuum tube-based audio amplifier. At first, the concept of tube sound did not exist, because practically all electronic amplification of audio signals was done with vacuum tubes and o... | Tube sound | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 5,679 | [
"Vacuum tubes",
"Vacuum",
"Electrical engineering",
"Audio engineering",
"Matter"
] |
8,270,295 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrathionate | The tetrathionate anion, , is a sulfur oxyanion derived from the compound tetrathionic acid, H2S4O6. Two of the sulfur atoms present in the ion are in oxidation state 0 and two are in oxidation state +5. Alternatively, the compound can be viewed as the adduct resulting from the binding of to SO3. Tetrathionate is on... | Tetrathionate | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 519 | [
"Metallurgy",
"Corrosion",
"Electrochemistry",
"Electrochemistry stubs",
"Materials degradation",
"Physical chemistry stubs",
"Chemical process stubs"
] |
6,278,350 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm%27s%20conjecture | In number theory, Grimm's conjecture (named after Carl Albert Grimm, 1 April 1926 – 2 January 2018) states that to each element of a set of consecutive composite numbers one can assign a distinct prime that divides it. It was first published in American Mathematical Monthly, 76(1969) 1126-1128.
Formal statement
If n ... | Grimm's conjecture | [
"Mathematics"
] | 214 | [
"Unsolved problems in mathematics",
"Mathematical problems",
"Number theory",
"Unsolved problems in number theory"
] |
6,282,950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum%20variable%20capacitor | A vacuum variable capacitor is a variable capacitor which uses a high vacuum as the dielectric instead of air or other insulating material. This allows for a higher voltage rating than an air dielectric using a smaller total volume. However, many dielectrics have higher breakdown field strengths than vacuum: 60-170 MV... | Vacuum variable capacitor | [
"Physics"
] | 551 | [
"Capacitance",
"Capacitors",
"Physical quantities"
] |
6,290,771 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitehead%27s%20point-free%20geometry | In mathematics, point-free geometry is a geometry whose primitive ontological notion is region rather than point. Two axiomatic systems are set out below, one grounded in mereology, the other in mereotopology and known as connection theory.
Point-free geometry was first formulated by Alfred North Whitehead, not as a... | Whitehead's point-free geometry | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 2,031 | [
"Mathematical logic",
"Mathematical axioms",
"Topology",
"Space",
"Geometry",
"Spacetime"
] |
477,808 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portico | A portico is a porch leading to the entrance of a building, or extended as a colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway, supported by columns or enclosed by walls. This idea was widely used in ancient Greece and has influenced many cultures, including most Western cultures.
Porticos are sometimes topped with pedi... | Portico | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,043 | [
"Building engineering",
"Structural system",
"Architectural elements",
"Columns and entablature",
"Components",
"Architecture"
] |
477,989 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequence%20assembly | In bioinformatics, sequence assembly refers to aligning and merging fragments from a longer DNA sequence in order to reconstruct the original sequence. This is needed as DNA sequencing technology might not be able to 'read' whole genomes in one go, but rather reads small pieces of between 20 and 30,000 bases, depending... | Sequence assembly | [
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 2,966 | [
"Genetics techniques",
"Biological engineering",
"Bioinformatics",
"DNA sequencing methods",
"DNA sequencing"
] |
478,004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furosemide | Furosemide, sold under the brand name Lasix among others, is a loop diuretic medication used to treat edema due to heart failure, liver scarring, or kidney disease. Furosemide may also be used for the treatment of high blood pressure. It can be taken intravenously or orally. When given intravenously, furosemide typical... | Furosemide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 3,265 | [
"Chemicals in medicine",
"Chemical substances for emergency medicine"
] |
478,128 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein%20isoform | A protein isoform, or "protein variant", is a member of a set of highly similar proteins that originate from a single gene and are the result of genetic differences. While many perform the same or similar biological roles, some isoforms have unique functions. A set of protein isoforms may be formed from alternative spl... | Protein isoform | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,855 | [
"Protein structure",
"Structural biology"
] |
478,195 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal%20mode | A normal mode of a dynamical system is a pattern of motion in which all parts of the system move sinusoidally with the same frequency and with a fixed phase relation. The free motion described by the normal modes takes place at fixed frequencies. These fixed frequencies of the normal modes of a system are known as it... | Normal mode | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 3,026 | [
"Molecular physics",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Theoretical physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Classical mechanics",
"Mechanics",
"Spectroscopy"
] |
478,346 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraically%20compact%20module | In mathematics, algebraically compact modules, also called pure-injective modules, are modules that have a certain "nice" property which allows the solution of infinite systems of equations in the module by finitary means. The solutions to these systems allow the extension of certain kinds of module homomorphisms. Th... | Algebraically compact module | [
"Mathematics"
] | 922 | [
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Mathematical logic",
"Module theory",
"Model theory"
] |
479,129 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial%20Storage%20Architecture | Serial Storage Architecture (SSA) was a serial transport protocol used to attach disk drives to server computers. It was developed by IBM employee Ian Judd in 1990 to provide data redundancy for critical applications. SSA was deployed in server RAID environments, where it was capable of providing for up to 80 MB/s of d... | Serial Storage Architecture | [
"Technology"
] | 619 | [
"American National Standards Institute standards",
"Computer standards"
] |
479,392 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myosin | Myosins () are a family of motor proteins (though most often protein complexes) best known for their roles in muscle contraction and in a wide range of other motility processes in eukaryotes. They are ATP-dependent and responsible for actin-based motility.
The first myosin (M2) to be discovered was in 1864 by Wilhelm ... | Myosin | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 3,822 | [
"Molecular machines",
"Protein families",
"Motor proteins",
"Protein classification"
] |
479,719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied%20Materials | Applied Materials, Inc. is an American corporation that supplies equipment, services and software for the manufacture of semiconductor (integrated circuit) chips for electronics, flat panel displays for computers, smartphones, televisions, and solar products. The company also supplies equipment to produce coatings for ... | Applied Materials | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,591 | [
"Equipment semiconductor companies",
"Computer hardware companies",
"Semiconductor fabrication equipment",
"Computers"
] |
480,130 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index%20of%20wave%20articles | This is a list of wave topics.
0–9
21 cm line
A
Abbe prism
Absorption spectroscopy
Absorption spectrum
Absorption wavemeter
Acoustic wave
Acoustic wave equation
Acoustics
Acousto-optic effect
Acousto-optic modulator
Acousto-optics
Airy disc
Airy wave theory
Alfvén wave
Alpha waves
Amphidromic point
Amplitude
Amplitud... | Index of wave articles | [
"Physics"
] | 1,550 | [
"Waves",
"Physical phenomena",
"Motion (physics)"
] |
480,178 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinitesimal%20rotation%20matrix | An infinitesimal rotation matrix or differential rotation matrix is a matrix representing an infinitely small rotation.
While a rotation matrix is an orthogonal matrix representing an element of (the special orthogonal group), the differential of a rotation is a skew-symmetric matrix in the tangent space (the spec... | Infinitesimal rotation matrix | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,576 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Classical mechanics",
"Rotation",
"Motion (physics)",
"Mathematics of infinitesimals"
] |
480,465 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrophotometry | Spectrophotometry is a branch of electromagnetic spectroscopy concerned with the quantitative measurement of the reflection or transmission properties of a material as a function of wavelength. Spectrophotometry uses photometers, known as spectrophotometers, that can measure the intensity of a light beam at different w... | Spectrophotometry | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 4,096 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Molecular physics",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"nan",
"Spectroscopy",
"Radiometry"
] |
481,053 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hund%27s%20rule%20of%20maximum%20multiplicity | Hund's rule of maximum multiplicity is a rule based on observation of atomic spectra, which is used to predict the ground state of an atom or molecule with one or more open electronic shells. The rule states that for a given electron configuration, the lowest energy term is the one with the greatest value of spin multi... | Hund's rule of maximum multiplicity | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 922 | [
"Quantum chemistry",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Theoretical chemistry",
" molecular",
"Atomic",
" and optical physics"
] |
481,100 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analyticity%20of%20holomorphic%20functions | In complex analysis, a complex-valued function of a complex variable :
is said to be holomorphic at a point if it is differentiable at every point within some open disk centered at , and
is said to be analytic at if in some open disk centered at it can be expanded as a convergent power series (this implies that ... | Analyticity of holomorphic functions | [
"Mathematics"
] | 722 | [
"Theorems in mathematical analysis",
"Article proofs",
"Theorems in complex analysis"
] |
23,892,026 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharq%20El%20Owainat | Sharq El Owainat, or East Oweinat is a 110,000 acre desert land reclamation project that started in 1991, in the New Valley Governorate, Egypt. It is in a remote location in the Western Desert in the extreme south-west of the country, east of Oweinat Mountain, delimiting Egypt's south western border with Libya and Suda... | Sharq El Owainat | [
"Environmental_science"
] | 489 | [
"Hydrology",
"Interbasin transfer"
] |
23,892,932 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GoldSim | GoldSim is dynamic, probabilistic simulation software developed by GoldSim Technology Group.
This general-purpose simulator is a hybrid of several simulation approaches, combining an extension of system dynamics with some aspects of discrete event simulation, and embedding the dynamic simulation engine within a Monte ... | GoldSim | [
"Mathematics",
"Environmental_science"
] | 835 | [
"Probabilistic software",
"Environmental science software",
"Numerical software",
"Mathematical software"
] |
23,895,065 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehrenfest%20equations | Ehrenfest equations (named after Paul Ehrenfest) are equations which describe changes in specific heat capacity and derivatives of specific volume in second-order phase transitions. The Clausius–Clapeyron relation does not make sense for second-order phase transitions, as both specific entropy and specific volume do no... | Ehrenfest equations | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 301 | [
"Thermodynamic equations",
"Equations of physics",
"Thermodynamics"
] |
4,807,288 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20backmasked%20messages | The following is an incomplete list of backmasked messages in music.
See also
Backmasking
Phonetic reversal
Hidden message
Subliminal message
References
External links
Backmask Online — clips and analysis of various alleged and actual backmasked messages
Jeff Milner's Backmasking Page — a Flash player which al... | List of backmasked messages | [
"Engineering"
] | 96 | [
"Electrical engineering",
"Audio engineering"
] |
4,807,473 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homestake%20experiment | The Homestake experiment (sometimes referred to as the Davis experiment or Solar Neutrino Experiment and in original literature called Brookhaven Solar Neutrino Experiment or Brookhaven 37Cl (Chlorine) Experiment) was an experiment headed by astrophysicists Raymond Davis, Jr. and John N. Bahcall in the late 1960s. Its ... | Homestake experiment | [
"Physics"
] | 813 | [
"Experimental physics",
"Physics experiments"
] |
4,810,180 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picarin | Picarin (Tsurupica) is a plastic used to make optics such as lenses for terahertz radiation.
Optical properties
Picarin is useful for this purpose because it is highly transparent in both the THz and visible spectral ranges. The refractive index of Picarin is almost the same for THz (n=1.52) and visible light (n=1.52)... | Picarin | [
"Physics"
] | 132 | [
"Materials stubs",
"Materials",
"Optical materials",
"Matter"
] |
4,810,280 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoconjugate | In molecular biology and biochemistry, glycoconjugates are the classification family for carbohydrates – referred to as glycans – which are covalently linked with chemical species such as proteins, peptides, lipids, and other compounds. Glycoconjugates are formed in processes termed glycosylation.
Glycoconjugates are ... | Glycoconjugate | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 395 | [
"Pharmacology",
"Carbohydrates",
"Biomolecules by chemical classification",
"Medicinal chemistry stubs",
"Organic compounds",
"Carbohydrate chemistry",
"Biochemistry",
"Glycobiology",
"Pharmacology stubs"
] |
4,811,381 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfite%20oxidase | Sulfite oxidase () is an enzyme in the mitochondria of all eukaryotes, with exception of the yeasts. It oxidizes sulfite to sulfate and, via cytochrome c, transfers the electrons produced to the electron transport chain, allowing generation of ATP in oxidative phosphorylation. This is the last step in the metabolism o... | Sulfite oxidase | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,062 | [
"Metalloproteins",
"Bioinorganic chemistry"
] |
4,812,392 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tube%20cleaning | Tube cleaning describes the activity of, or device for, the cleaning and maintenance of fouled tubes.
The need for cleaning arises because the medium that is transported through the tubes may cause deposits and finally even obstructions. In system engineering and in industry, particular demands are placed upon surface... | Tube cleaning | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,578 | [
"Building engineering",
"Chemical engineering",
"Mechanical engineering",
"Piping",
"Materials degradation",
"Fouling"
] |
4,812,837 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omega%20oxidation | Omega oxidation (ω-oxidation) is a process of fatty acid metabolism in some species of animals. It is an alternative pathway to beta oxidation that, instead of involving the β carbon, involves the oxidation of the ω carbon (the carbon most distant from the carboxyl group of the fatty acid). The process is normally a mi... | Omega oxidation | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 781 | [
"Lipid biochemistry",
"Organic redox reactions",
"Organic reactions",
"Biochemical reactions",
"Biochemistry",
"Lipid metabolism",
"Metabolism"
] |
4,813,617 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating%20permutation | In combinatorial mathematics, an alternating permutation (or zigzag permutation) of the set {1, 2, 3, ..., n} is a permutation (arrangement) of those numbers so that each entry is alternately greater or less than the preceding entry. For example, the five alternating permutations of {1, 2, 3, 4} are:
1, 3, 2, 4 ... | Alternating permutation | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,413 | [
"Functions and mappings",
"Permutations",
"Mathematical objects",
"Enumerative combinatorics",
"Combinatorics",
"Mathematical relations"
] |
3,562,876 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffraction%20spike | Diffraction spikes are lines radiating from bright light sources, causing what is known as the starburst effect or sunstars in photographs and in vision. They are artifacts caused by light diffracting around the support vanes of the secondary mirror in reflecting telescopes, or edges of non-circular camera apertures, a... | Diffraction spike | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 1,143 | [
"Crystallography",
"Diffraction",
"Spectroscopy",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)"
] |
3,564,560 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyferth%E2%80%93Gilbert%20homologation | The Seyferth–Gilbert homologation is a chemical reaction of an aryl ketone 1 (or aldehyde) with dimethyl (diazomethyl)phosphonate 2 and potassium tert-butoxide to give substituted alkynes 3. Dimethyl (diazomethyl)phosphonate 2 is often called the Seyferth–Gilbert reagent.
This reaction is called a homologation because... | Seyferth–Gilbert homologation | [
"Chemistry"
] | 484 | [
"Name reactions",
"Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions",
"Rearrangement reactions",
"Organic reactions"
] |
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