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id int64 39 79M	url stringlengths 32 168	text stringlengths 7 145k	source stringlengths 2 105	categories listlengths 1 6	token_count int64 3 32.2k	subcategories listlengths 0 27
37,079,339	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rydberg%E2%80%93Klein%E2%80%93Rees%20method	The Rydberg–Klein–Rees method is a procedure used in the analysis of rotational-vibrational spectra of diatomic molecules to obtain a potential energy curve from the experimentally-known line positions. References Atomic physics	Rydberg–Klein–Rees method	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	46	[ " and optical physics stubs", "Quantum mechanics", "Atomic physics", " molecular", "Atomic", "Physical chemistry stubs", " and optical physics" ]
34,529,648	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloch%27s%20principle	Bloch's principle is a philosophical principle in mathematics stated by André Bloch. Bloch states the principle in Latin as: Nihil est in infinito quod non prius fuerit in finito, and explains this as follows: Every proposition in whose statement the actual infinity occurs can be always considered a consequence, almo...	Bloch's principle	[ "Mathematics" ]	575	[ "Mathematical principles", "nan" ]
34,530,756	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy%20influence%20conjecture	In mathematics, the entropy influence conjecture is a statement about Boolean functions originally conjectured by Ehud Friedgut and Gil Kalai in 1996. Statement For a function note its Fourier expansion The entropy–influence conjecture states that there exists an absolute constant C such that where the total inf...	Entropy influence conjecture	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ]	121	[ "Thermodynamic properties", "Unsolved problems in mathematics", "Physical quantities", "Quantity", "Conjectures", "Entropy", "Asymmetry", "Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities", "Mathematical problems", "Symmetry", "Dynamical systems" ]
34,531,194	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiophosphoryl%20fluoride	Thiophosphoryl fluoride is an inorganic molecular gas with formula containing phosphorus, sulfur and fluorine. It spontaneously ignites in air and burns with a cool flame. The discoverers were able to have flames around their hands without discomfort, and called it "probably one of the coldest flames known". The gas w...	Thiophosphoryl fluoride	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,299	[ "Functional groups", "Thiophosphoryl compounds" ]
34,536,095	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermotoga%20maritima	Thermotoga maritima is a hyperthermophilic, anaerobic organism that is a member of the order Thermotogales. T. maritima is well known for its ability to produce hydrogen (clean energy) and it is the only fermentative bacterium that has been shown to produce hydrogen more than the Thauer limit (>4 mol H2 /mol glucose). ...	Thermotoga maritima	[ "Biology" ]	1,961	[ "Organisms by adaptation", "Organisms by habitat", "Organisms living on hydrothermal vents" ]
2,859,356	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipeline%20video%20inspection	Pipeline video inspection is a form of telepresence used to visually inspect the interiors of pipelines, plumbing systems, and storm drains. A common application is for a plumber to determine the condition of small diameter sewer lines and household connection drain pipes. Older sewer lines of small diameter, typicall...	Pipeline video inspection	[ "Chemistry", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	1,120	[ "Computer engineering", "Robotics engineering", "Building engineering", "Chemical engineering", "Plumbing", "Construction", "Mechanical engineering", "Piping" ]
2,860,045	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square%20antiprism	In geometry, the square antiprism is the second in an infinite family of antiprisms formed by an even-numbered sequence of triangle sides closed by two polygon caps. It is also known as an anticube. If all its faces are regular, it is a semiregular polyhedron or uniform polyhedron. A nonuniform D4-symmetric variant i...	Square antiprism	[ "Physics" ]	1,021	[ "Tessellation", "Snub tilings", "Symmetry" ]
2,860,340	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrodynamic%20tether	Electrodynamic tethers (EDTs) are long conducting wires, such as one deployed from a tether satellite, which can operate on electromagnetic principles as generators, by converting their kinetic energy to electrical energy, or as motors, converting electrical energy to kinetic energy. Electric potential is generated acr...	Electrodynamic tether	[ "Physics", "Mathematics", "Technology" ]	9,444	[ "Electrical generators", "Machines", "Physical systems", "Electrodynamics", "Dynamical systems" ]
2,860,674	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%20value%20%28nuclear%20science%29	In nuclear physics and chemistry, the value for a nuclear reaction is the amount of energy absorbed or released during the reaction. The value relates to the enthalpy of a chemical reaction or the energy of radioactive decay products. It can be determined from the masses of reactants and products. values affect reac...	Q value (nuclear science)	[ "Physics" ]	639	[ "Energy (physics)", "Energy", "Physical quantities", "Nuclear physics" ]
2,861,044	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land%20description	In surveying and property law, a land description or legal description is a written statement that delineates the boundaries of a piece of real property. In the written transfer of real property, it is universally required that the instrument of conveyance (deed) include a written description of the property. Legal la...	Land description	[ "Engineering" ]	483	[ "Surveying", "Civil engineering" ]
2,861,047	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variational%20methods%20in%20general%20relativity	Variational methods in general relativity refers to various mathematical techniques that employ the use of variational calculus in Einstein's theory of general relativity. The most commonly used tools are Lagrangians and Hamiltonians and are used to derive the Einstein field equations. Lagrangian methods The equation...	Variational methods in general relativity	[ "Physics" ]	195	[ "Relativity stubs", "Theory of relativity" ]
2,861,460	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooling%20curve	A cooling curve is a line graph that represents the change of phase of matter, typically from a gas to a solid or a liquid to a solid. The independent variable (X-axis) is time and the dependent variable (Y-axis) is temperature. Below is an example of a cooling curve used in castings. The initial point of the graph is...	Cooling curve	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ]	220	[ "Thermodynamics stubs", "Statistical mechanics stubs", "Physical phenomena", "Phase transitions", "Critical phenomena", "Phases of matter", "Thermodynamics", "Statistical mechanics", "Physical chemistry stubs", "Matter", "Dynamical systems" ]
2,862,625	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fouling	Fouling is the accumulation of unwanted material on solid surfaces. The fouling materials can consist of either living organisms (biofouling, organic) or a non-living substance (inorganic). Fouling is usually distinguished from other surface-growth phenomena in that it occurs on a surface of a component, system, or pla...	Fouling	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering", "Environmental_science" ]	6,905	[ "Transport phenomena", "Physical phenomena", "Hydrology", "Fouling", "Water treatment", "Chemical engineering", "Chemical equipment", "Filters", "Water pollution", "Physical systems", "Hydraulics", "Civil engineering", "Filtration", "Environmental engineering", "Water technology", "Mat...
2,863,149	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Envelope%20%28motion%29	In mechanical engineering, an envelope is a solid representing all positions which may be occupied by an object during its normal range of motion. Another (jargon) word for this is a "flop". Wheel envelope In automobile design, a wheel envelope may be used to model all positions a wheel and tire combo may be expected...	Envelope (motion)	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	310	[ "Robot control", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Mechanical engineering", "Robotics engineering" ]
2,863,719	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexagonal%20tiling	In geometry, the hexagonal tiling or hexagonal tessellation is a regular tiling of the Euclidean plane, in which exactly three hexagons meet at each vertex. It has Schläfli symbol of or (as a truncated triangular tiling). English mathematician John Conway called it a hextille. The internal angle of the hexagon is 1...	Hexagonal tiling	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	1,737	[ "Regular tessellations", "Planes (geometry)", "Isogonal tilings", "Tessellation", "Euclidean plane geometry", "Euclidean tilings", "Isohedral tilings", "Symmetry" ]
2,864,030	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated%20hexagonal%20tiling	In geometry, the truncated hexagonal tiling is a semiregular tiling of the Euclidean plane. There are 2 dodecagons (12-sides) and one triangle on each vertex. As the name implies this tiling is constructed by a truncation operation applied to a hexagonal tiling, leaving dodecagons in place of the original hexagons, an...	Truncated hexagonal tiling	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	838	[ "Semiregular tilings", "Truncated tilings", "Isogonal tilings", "Tessellation", "Euclidean plane geometry", "Euclidean tilings", "Planes (geometry)", "Symmetry" ]
2,864,170	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated%20trihexagonal%20tiling	In geometry, the truncated trihexagonal tiling is one of eight semiregular tilings of the Euclidean plane. There are one square, one hexagon, and one dodecagon on each vertex. It has Schläfli symbol of tr{3,6}. Names Uniform colorings There is only one uniform coloring of a truncated trihexagonal tiling, with faces...	Truncated trihexagonal tiling	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	1,000	[ "Semiregular tilings", "Truncated tilings", "Isogonal tilings", "Tessellation", "Euclidean plane geometry", "Euclidean tilings", "Planes (geometry)", "Symmetry" ]
2,864,244	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated%20square%20tiling	In geometry, the truncated square tiling is a semiregular tiling by regular polygons of the Euclidean plane with one square and two octagons on each vertex. This is the only edge-to-edge tiling by regular convex polygons which contains an octagon. It has Schläfli symbol of t{4,4}. Conway calls it a truncated quadrille...	Truncated square tiling	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	805	[ "Semiregular tilings", "Truncated tilings", "Isogonal tilings", "Tessellation", "Euclidean plane geometry", "Euclidean tilings", "Planes (geometry)", "Symmetry" ]
31,534,486	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advances%20in%20High%20Energy%20Physics	Advances in High Energy Physics is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal publishing research on high energy physics. It is published by Hindawi Publishing Corporation. The journal was established in 2007 and publishes original research articles as well as review articles in all fields of high energy physics. ...	Advances in High Energy Physics	[ "Physics" ]	103	[ "Particle physics stubs", "Particle physics", "Particle physics journals" ]
31,540,040	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulation%20of%20genetic%20engineering	The regulation of genetic engineering varies widely by country. Countries such as the United States, Canada, Lebanon and Egypt use substantial equivalence as the starting point when assessing safety, while many countries such as those in the European Union, Brazil and China authorize GMO cultivation on a case-by-case b...	Regulation of genetic engineering	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	4,513	[ "Biotechnology law", "Regulation of genetically modified organisms", "Biological engineering", "Regulation of biotechnologies", "Genetic engineering", "Molecular biology" ]
30,498,055	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univec	UniVec is a database that can be used to remove vector contamination from DNA sequences. See also Plasmid VectorDB References External links The UniVec Database. NCBI. Retrieved 7 November 2013. Biological databases Mobile genetic elements Molecular biology techniques	Univec	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	53	[ "Mobile genetic elements", "Bioinformatics", "Molecular genetics", "Molecular biology techniques", "Molecular biology", "Biological databases" ]
30,498,118	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTRdb	UTRdb is a database of 5' and 3' untranslated sequences of eukaryotic mRNAs. See also Five prime untranslated region Three prime untranslated region UTRome References External links data Biological databases RNA Gene expression	UTRdb	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	55	[ "Gene expression", "Bioinformatics", "Molecular genetics", "Cellular processes", "Molecular biology", "Biochemistry", "Biological databases" ]
30,498,206	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTRome	UTRome is a database of three-prime untranslated regions in C. elegans developed by Marco Mangone See also untranslated region (UTR) UTRdb UTRome.org References External links http://www.UTRome.org Model organism databases RNA Gene expression	UTRome	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	67	[ "Model organism databases", "Gene expression", "Model organisms", "Molecular genetics", "Cellular processes", "Molecular biology", "Biochemistry" ]
30,498,279	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloudant	Cloudant is an IBM software product, which is primarily delivered as a cloud-based service. Cloudant is a non-relational, distributed database service of the same name. Cloudant is based on the Apache-backed CouchDB project and the open source BigCouch project. Cloudant's service provides integrated data management, s...	Cloudant	[ "Technology" ]	700	[ "Cloud infrastructure", "IT infrastructure" ]
30,498,690	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systematic%20layout%20planning	The systematic layout planning (SLP) - also referred to as site layout planning - is a tool used to arrange a workplace in a plant by locating areas with high frequency and logical relationships close to each other. The process permits the quickest material flow in processing the product at the lowest cost and least am...	Systematic layout planning	[ "Engineering" ]	191	[ "Industrial engineering" ]
3,833,379	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeSbTe	GeSbTe (germanium-antimony-tellurium or GST) is a phase-change material from the group of chalcogenide glasses used in rewritable optical discs and phase-change memory applications. Its recrystallization time is 20 nanoseconds, allowing bitrates of up to 35 Mbit/s to be written and direct overwrite capability up to 106...	GeSbTe	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	2,196	[ "Materials", "Optical materials", "Chemical mixtures", "Alloys", "Matter" ]
3,834,517	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AgInSbTe	AgInSbTe, or silver-indium-antimony-tellurium, is a phase change material from the group of chalcogenide glasses, used in rewritable optical discs (such as rewritable CDs) and phase-change memory applications. It is a quaternary compound of silver, indium, antimony, and tellurium. During writing, the material is firs...	AgInSbTe	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	315	[ "Alloy stubs", "Materials", "Optical materials", "Alloys", "Matter" ]
3,838,003	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic%20anisotropy	Seismic anisotropy is the directional dependence of the velocity of seismic waves in a medium (rock) within the Earth. Description A material is said to be anisotropic if the value of one or more of its properties varies with direction. Anisotropy differs from the property called heterogeneity in that anisotropy is th...	Seismic anisotropy	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	6,318	[ "Physical phenomena", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Elasticity (physics)", "Deformation (mechanics)", "Petroleum", "Geophysics", "Petroleum geology", "Physical properties" ]
22,897,257	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facility%20for%20Rare%20Isotope%20Beams	The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) is a scientific user facility for nuclear science, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science (DOE-SC), Michigan State University (MSU), and the State of Michigan. Michigan State University contributed an additional $212 million in various ways, including the la...	Facility for Rare Isotope Beams	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	1,418	[ "Nuclear chemistry", "nan", "Isotopes", "Nuclear physics" ]
22,898,551	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal%20transport%20in%20nanostructures	The transport of heat in solids involves both electrons and vibrations of the atoms (phonons). When the solid is perfectly ordered over hundreds of thousands of atoms, this transport obeys established physics. However, when the size of the ordered regions decreases new physics can arise, thermal transport in nanostruct...	Thermal transport in nanostructures	[ "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	3,852	[ "Nanotechnology", "Materials science" ]
22,900,287	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECAMI	ECAMI (Empresa de Comunicaciones, S.A.) is a renewable energy business based in Nicaragua, focusing on solar photovoltaics, wind power and hydroelectric system. History ECAMI was founded in 1982 by Luis Lacayo Lacayo, to supply radio communications equipment in rural areas of Nicaragua where infrastructure had been d...	ECAMI	[ "Engineering" ]	578	[ "Photovoltaics manufacturers", "Engineering companies" ]
22,902,373	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interfacial%20thermal%20resistance	Interfacial thermal resistance, also known as thermal boundary resistance, or Kapitza resistance, is a measure of resistance to thermal flow at the interface between two materials. While these terms may be used interchangeably, Kapitza resistance technically refers to an atomically perfect, flat interface whereas ther...	Interfacial thermal resistance	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	2,698	[ "Transport phenomena", "Physical phenomena", "Heat transfer", "Thermodynamics", "Heat conduction" ]
24,410,049	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laplace%E2%80%93Carson%20transform	In mathematics, the Laplace–Carson transform, named after Pierre Simon Laplace and John Renshaw Carson, is an integral transform with significant applications in the field of physics and engineering, particularly in the field of railway engineering. Definition Let be a function and a complex variable. The Laplace–...	Laplace–Carson transform	[ "Mathematics" ]	133	[ "Mathematical analysis", "Functions and mappings", "Mathematical analysis stubs", "Mathematical objects", "Differential equations", "Equations", "Mathematical relations", "Transforms" ]
24,415,026	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopkinson%20and%20Imperial%20Chemical%20Industries%20Professor%20of%20Applied%20Thermodynamics	The Hopkinson and Imperial Chemical Industries Professorship of Applied Thermodynamics at the University of Cambridge was established on 10 February 1950, largely from the endowment fund of the proposed Hopkinson Professorship in Thermodynamics and a gift from ICI Limited of £50,000, less tax, spread over the seven yea...	Hopkinson and Imperial Chemical Industries Professor of Applied Thermodynamics	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	225	[ "Professorships in thermodynamics", "Thermodynamics" ]
24,417,538	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiscale%20Electrophysiology%20Format	Multiscale Electrophysiology Format (MEF) was developed to handle the large amounts of data produced by large-scale electrophysiology in human and animal subjects. MEF can store any time series data up to 24 bits in length, and employs lossless range encoded difference compression. Subject identifying information in th...	Multiscale Electrophysiology Format	[ "Engineering", "Biology" ]	317	[ "Bioinformatics", "Biological engineering" ]
20,430,653	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemi-ionization	Chemi-ionization is the formation of an ion through the reaction of a gas phase atom or molecule with another atom or molecule when the collision energy is below the energy required to ionize the reagents. The reaction may involve a reagent in an excited state or may result in the formation of a new chemical bond. Chem...	Chemi-ionization	[ "Physics" ]	1,153	[ "Ion source", "Mass spectrometry", "Spectrum (physical sciences)" ]
20,433,319	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materiomics	Materiomics is the holistic study of material systems. Materiomics examines links between physicochemical material properties and material characteristics and function. The focus of materiomics is system functionality and behavior, rather than a piecewise collection of properties, a paradigm similar to systems biology....	Materiomics	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	767	[ "Nanotechnology", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Materials science", "nan" ]
20,433,613	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universality%E2%80%93diversity%20paradigm	The universality–diversity paradigm (UDP) is the analysis of biological materials based on the universality and diversity of its fundamental structural elements and functional mechanisms. The analysis of biological systems based on this classification has been a cornerstone of modern biology. Example: proteins For exa...	Universality–diversity paradigm	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	359	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Natural materials", "Materials science", "Materials", "nan", "Matter" ]
20,436,586	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergei%20Tyablikov	Sergei Vladimirovich Tyablikov (; September 7, 1921 – March 17, 1968) was a Soviet theoretical physicist known for his significant contributions to statistical mechanics, solid-state physics, and for the development of the double-time Green function's formalism. Biography Tyablikov was born in Klin, Russia. In 1944 he...	Sergei Tyablikov	[ "Physics" ]	734	[ "Theoretical physics", "Theoretical physicists", "Quantum mechanics", "Quantum physicists" ]
20,437,320	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Definite%20quadratic%20form	In mathematics, a definite quadratic form is a quadratic form over some real vector space that has the same sign (always positive or always negative) for every non-zero vector of . According to that sign, the quadratic form is called positive-definite or negative-definite. A semidefinite (or semi-definite) quadratic ...	Definite quadratic form	[ "Mathematics" ]	900	[ "Algebra", "Linear algebra", "Quadratic forms", "Number theory" ]
20,443,048	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSRIA	BSRIA (it takes its name from the initial letters of the Building Services Research and Information Association) is a UK-based testing, instrumentation, research and consultancy organisation, providing specialist services in construction and building services engineering. It is a not-for-profit, member-based associatio...	BSRIA	[ "Engineering" ]	1,105	[ "Building engineering", "Building engineering organizations", "Engineering research institutes" ]
20,445,291	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium%20spatial%20buffering	Potassium spatial buffering is a mechanism for the regulation of extracellular potassium concentration by astrocytes. Other mechanisms for astrocytic potassium clearance are carrier-operated or channel-operated potassium chloride uptake. The repolarization of neurons tends to raise potassium concentration in the extrac...	Potassium spatial buffering	[ "Biology" ]	2,313	[ "Cellular processes" ]
1,417,264	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dication	A dication is any cation, of general formula X2+, formed by the removal of two electrons from a neutral species. Diatomic dications corresponding to stable neutral species (e.g. formed by removal of two electrons from H2) often decay quickly into two singly charged particles (H+), due to the loss of electrons in bond...	Dication	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	507	[ "Cations", "Ions", "Matter" ]
1,417,355	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massively%20parallel%20quantum%20chemistry	Massively Parallel Quantum Chemistry (MPQC) is an ab initio computational chemistry software program. Three features distinguish it from other quantum chemistry programs such as Gaussian and GAMESS: it is open-source, has an object-oriented design, and is created from the beginning as a parallel processing program. It ...	Massively parallel quantum chemistry	[ "Chemistry" ]	164	[ "Free chemistry software", "Computational chemistry software", "Chemistry software", "Computational chemistry", "Chemistry software for Linux" ]
1,418,413	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phugoid	In aviation, a phugoid or fugoid () is an aircraft motion in which the vehicle pitches up and climbs, and then pitches down and descends, accompanied by speeding up and slowing down as it goes "downhill" and "uphill". This is one of the basic flight dynamics modes of an aircraft (others include short period, roll subsi...	Phugoid	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	1,180	[ "Aerospace engineering", "Aerodynamics", "Fluid dynamics" ]
1,418,996	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grog%20%28clay%29	Grog, also known as firesand and chamotte, is a raw material usually made from crushed and ground potsherds, reintroduced into crude clay to temper it before making ceramic ware. It has a high percentage of silica and alumina. It is normally available as a powder or chippings, and is an important ingredient in Coade s...	Grog (clay)	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	882	[ "Refractory materials", "Materials", "Ceramic materials", "Ceramic engineering", "Matter" ]
1,419,800	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryogenic%20Dark%20Matter%20Search	The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) is a series of experiments designed to directly detect particle dark matter in the form of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (or WIMPs). Using an array of semiconductor detectors at millikelvin temperatures, CDMS has at times set the most sensitive limits on the interactions o...	Cryogenic Dark Matter Search	[ "Physics" ]	2,037	[ "Dark matter", "Experiments for dark matter search", "Unsolved problems in physics" ]
1,420,406	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex%20linkage	Sex linked describes the sex-specific reading patterns of inheritance and presentation when a gene mutation (allele) is present on a sex chromosome (allosome) rather than a non-sex chromosome (autosome). In humans, these are termed X-linked recessive, X-linked dominant and Y-linked. The inheritance and presentation of ...	Sex linkage	[ "Biology" ]	1,419	[ "Genetics", "Sex" ]
28,974,107	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nano-JASMINE	The Nano-Japan Astrometry Satellite Mission for Infrared Exploration (Nano-JASMINE) is an astrometric microsatellite developed by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, with contributions by the University of Tokyo's Intelligent Space Systems Laboratory (ISSL). , the satellite was planned for launch together w...	Nano-JASMINE	[ "Astronomy" ]	746	[ "Space telescopes", "Space astrometry missions" ]
28,975,107	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurocopter%20X%C2%B3	The Eurocopter X³ (X-Cubed) is a retired experimental high-speed compound helicopter developed by Airbus Helicopters (formerly Eurocopter). A technology demonstration platform for "high-speed, long-range hybrid helicopter" or H³ concept, the X³ achieved in level flight on 7 June 2013, setting an unofficial helicopter ...	Eurocopter X³	[ "Engineering" ]	938	[ "Slowed rotor", "Aerospace engineering" ]
28,980,648	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall%E2%80%93Higman%20theorem	In mathematical group theory, the Hall–Higman theorem, due to , describes the possibilities for the minimal polynomial of an element of prime power order for a representation of a p-solvable group. Statement Suppose that G is a p-solvable group with no normal p-subgroups, acting faithfully on a vector space over a fi...	Hall–Higman theorem	[ "Mathematics" ]	269	[ "Discrete mathematics", "Number theory" ]
35,727,637	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rack%20phase%20difference	Rack Phase Difference (RPD) is a difference in the elevation between rack teeth of the chords of any single leg of a jackup rig with open truss-type legs. This type of jackup vessel operates with a rack and pinion drive system, as opposed to the pin-hole system found on jackups rigs with tubular legs. The legs are most...	Rack phase difference	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	486	[ "Oil platforms", "Petroleum technology", "Natural gas technology", "Structural engineering" ]
35,728,290	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic%20semantics%20%28computer%20science%29	In computer science, algebraic semantics is a form of axiomatic semantics based on algebraic laws for describing and reasoning about program specifications in a formal manner. Syntax The syntax of an algebraic specification is formulated in two steps: (1) defining a formal signature of data types and operation symbols...	Algebraic semantics (computer science)	[ "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	770	[ "Software engineering", "Mathematical logic", "Logic in computer science", "Formal methods" ]
35,728,942	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spieker%20center	In geometry, the Spieker center is a special point associated with a plane triangle. It is defined as the center of mass of the perimeter of the triangle. The Spieker center of a triangle is the center of gravity of a homogeneous wire frame in the shape of . The point is named in honor of the 19th-century German geome...	Spieker center	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	584	[ "Point (geometry)", "Triangle centers", "Points defined for a triangle", "Geometric centers", "Symmetry" ]
35,730,183	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasitic%20mass	In a rocket, weapon, or transportation system (such as personal rapid transit), parasitic mass is the mass of all components of the system that are not considered payloads. A typical engineering objective is to drive the parasitic mass towards zero. Efficiency gains are achieved as the parasitic mass is reduced. Refe...	Parasitic mass	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	65	[ "Aircraft weight measurements", "Mass", "Matter", "Aerospace engineering" ]
35,732,417	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evectant	In mathematical invariant theory, an evectant is a contravariant constructed from an invariant by acting on it with a differential operator called an evector. Evectants and evectors were introduced by . References Invariant theory	Evectant	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	47	[ "Symmetry", "Algebra stubs", "Group actions", "Invariant theory", "Algebra" ]
35,733,284	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirp%20mass	In astrophysics, the chirp mass of a compact binary system determines the leading-order orbital evolution of the system as a result of energy loss from emitting gravitational waves. Because the gravitational wave frequency is determined by orbital frequency, the chirp mass also determines the frequency evolution of the...	Chirp mass	[ "Physics", "Astronomy" ]	674	[ "Astronomical sub-disciplines", "Gravitational-wave astronomy", "Astrophysics" ]
35,734,781	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alikhanian%E2%80%93Alikhanov%20spectrometer	The Alikhanian–Alikhanov spectrometer was a large solenoid physical instrument constructed by brothers Abraham Alikhanov and Artem Alikhanian at the Aragats scientific station in Armenia. The spectrometer was unique in the world. It had the highest amount of magnetic field (1,0x0,3x0,15 cubic meters) with the intensit...	Alikhanian–Alikhanov spectrometer	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	420	[ "Spectrometers", "Spectroscopy", "Spectrum (physical sciences)" ]
35,736,414	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A9chet%20inequalities	In probabilistic logic, the Fréchet inequalities, also known as the Boole–Fréchet inequalities, are rules implicit in the work of George Boole and explicitly derived by Maurice Fréchet that govern the combination of probabilities about logical propositions or events logically linked together in conjunctions (AND operat...	Fréchet inequalities	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,787	[ "Theorems in statistics", "Statistical inequalities", "Theorems in probability theory", "Probabilistic inequalities", "Inequalities (mathematics)", "Articles containing proofs" ]
35,737,249	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poincar%C3%A9%E2%80%93Birkhoff%20theorem	In symplectic topology and dynamical systems, Poincaré–Birkhoff theorem (also known as Poincaré–Birkhoff fixed point theorem and Poincaré's last geometric theorem) states that every area-preserving, orientation-preserving homeomorphism of an annulus that rotates the two boundaries in opposite directions has at least tw...	Poincaré–Birkhoff theorem	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	310	[ "Theorems in mathematical analysis", "Fixed-point theorems", "Theorems in topology", "Mechanics", "Dynamical systems" ]
35,737,867	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied%20Thermal%20Engineering	Applied Thermal Engineering is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of the thermal engineering of advanced processes, including process integration, intensification, and development, together with the application of thermal equipment in conventional process plants, which includes its use for heat rec...	Applied Thermal Engineering	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Environmental_science" ]	144	[ "Transport phenomena", "Physical phenomena", "Heat transfer", "Environmental science journals", "Energy and fuel journals", "Thermodynamics" ]
37,083,035	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilevirus	Cilevirus is a genus of viruses in the family Kitaviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are two species: Citrus leprosis virus C and Citrus leprosis virus C2. History This genus was created in 2006 by Locali-Fabris et al in 2006. Structure Viruses in Cilevirus are non-enveloped, with bacilliform geometries. T...	Cilevirus	[ "Biology" ]	466	[ "Viruses", "Riboviria" ]
37,084,359	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20genetic%20codes	While there is much commonality, different parts of the tree of life use slightly different genetic codes. When translating from genome to protein, the use of the correct genetic code is essential. The mitochondrial codes are the relatively well-known examples of variation. The translation table list below follows the ...	List of genetic codes	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	610	[ "Gene expression", "Molecular genetics", "Cellular processes", "Molecular biology", "Biochemistry" ]
37,087,918	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic%20beam%20curing	Electronic Beam curing (EBC) is a surface curing process in the manufacture of high pressure laminate (HPL) boards. The process applies color to a single sheet of Kraft paper which is adhered to a HPL board in such a way that it will keep its color durably while remaining scratch-resistant. Unlike other HPL creation me...	Electronic beam curing	[ "Physics" ]	223	[ "Materials", "Composite materials", "Matter" ]
37,089,288	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial%20butter%20flavoring	Artificial butter flavoring is a flavoring used to give a food the taste and smell of butter. It may contain diacetyl, acetylpropionyl, or acetoin, three natural compounds in butter that contribute to its characteristic taste and smell. Manufacturers of margarines or similar oil-based products typically add it (along w...	Artificial butter flavoring	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	1,096	[ "Chemical mixtures", "Condensed matter physics", "Colloids" ]
6,817,401	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute%20horizon	In general relativity, an absolute horizon is a boundary in spacetime, defined with respect to the external universe, inside which events cannot affect an external observer. Light emitted inside the horizon can never reach the observer, and anything that passes through the horizon from the observer's side is never seen...	Absolute horizon	[ "Physics" ]	576	[ "General relativity", "Concepts in astrophysics", "Astrophysics", "Theory of relativity" ]
6,818,518	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustained%20Spheromak%20Physics%20Experiment	The Sustained Spheromak Physics Experiment (SSPX) is a program at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in the United States established to investigate spheromak plasma. A spheromak device produces a plasma in magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium mainly through self-induced plasma currents, as opposed to a tokamak device ...	Sustained Spheromak Physics Experiment	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	245	[ "Plasma physics", "Particle traps", "Plasma physics stubs", "Magnetic confinement fusion devices", "Plasma physics facilities" ]
6,822,551	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface%20engineering	Surface engineering is the sub-discipline of materials science which deals with the surface of solid matter. It has applications to chemistry, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering (particularly in relation to semiconductor manufacturing). Solids are composed of a bulk material covered by a surface. The s...	Surface engineering	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	1,140	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Building engineering", "Materials science", "Civil engineering", "nan", "Architecture" ]
21,447,866	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete%20spatial%20randomness	Complete spatial randomness (CSR) describes a point process whereby point events occur within a given study area in a completely random fashion. It is synonymous with a homogeneous spatial Poisson process. Such a process is modeled using only one parameter , i.e. the density of points within the defined area. The term ...	Complete spatial randomness	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	688	[ "Point (geometry)", "Spatial analysis", "Point processes", "Space", "Spacetime" ]
30,501,764	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auriscalpium%20vulgare	Auriscalpium vulgare, commonly known as the pinecone mushroom, the cone tooth, or the ear-pick fungus, is a species of fungus in the family Auriscalpiaceae of the order Russulales. It was first described in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus, who included it as a member of the tooth fungi genus Hydnum, but British mycologist Samuel...	Auriscalpium vulgare	[ "Biology" ]	3,328	[ "Fungi", "Fungus species" ]
30,504,688	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow%20process%20chart	The flow process chart is a graphical and symbolic representation of the activities performed on the work piece during the operation in industrial engineering. History The first structured method for documenting process flow, e.g., in flow shop scheduling, the flow process chart, was introduced by Frank and Lillian Gi...	Flow process chart	[ "Engineering" ]	417	[ "Industrial engineering" ]
30,508,447	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARkStorm	The ARkStorm (for Atmospheric River 1,000) is a hypothetical megastorm, whose proposal is based on repeated historical occurrences of atmospheric rivers and other major rain events first developed and published by the Multi-Hazards Demonstration Project (MHDP) of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in 2010. An u...	ARkStorm	[ "Physics" ]	1,162	[ "Weather", "Physical phenomena", "Weather hazards" ]
923,301	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic%20retrofit	Seismic retrofitting is the modification of existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity, ground motion, or soil failure due to earthquakes. With better understanding of seismic demand on structures and with recent experiences with large earthquakes near urban centers, the need of seismic retrofi...	Seismic retrofit	[ "Engineering" ]	8,956	[ "Structural engineering", "Construction", "Civil engineering", "Earthquake engineering", "Earthquake and seismic risk mitigation" ]
924,869	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longitude%20of%20the%20ascending%20node	The longitude of the ascending node, also known as the right ascension of the ascending node, is one of the orbital elements used to specify the orbit of an object in space. Denoted with the symbol Ω, it is the angle from a specified reference direction, called the origin of longitude, to the direction of the ascending...	Longitude of the ascending node	[ "Physics" ]	671	[ "Geometric measurement", "Scalar physical quantities", "Physical quantities", "Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities", "Angle" ]
22,906,493	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzene-1%2C2-dithiol	Benzene-1,2-dithiol is the organosulfur compound with the formula CH(SH). This colourless viscous liquid consists of a benzene ring with a pair of adjacent thiol groups. The conjugate base of this diprotic compound serves as chelating agent in coordination chemistry and a building block for the synthesis of other organ...	Benzene-1,2-dithiol	[ "Chemistry" ]	409	[ "Organic compounds", "Thiols" ]
22,906,936	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruled%20variety	In algebraic geometry, a variety over a field is ruled if it is birational to the product of the projective line with some variety over . A variety is uniruled if it is covered by a family of rational curves. (More precisely, a variety is uniruled if there is a variety and a dominant rational map which does not fac...	Ruled variety	[ "Mathematics" ]	842	[ "Fields of abstract algebra", "Algebraic geometry" ]
22,908,095	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOPHIE%20%C3%A9chelle%20spectrograph	The SOPHIE (Spectrographe pour l’Observation des Phénomènes des Intérieurs stellaires et des Exoplanètes, literally meaning "spectrograph for the observation of the phenomena of the stellar interiors and of the exoplanets") échelle spectrograph is a high-resolution echelle spectrograph installed on the 1.93m reflector ...	SOPHIE échelle spectrograph	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Astronomy" ]	537	[ "Exoplanet search projects", "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Spectrographs", "Astronomical instruments", "Astronomy projects", "Spectroscopy" ]
22,910,171	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20Summer%20School%20in%20Logic%2C%20Language%20and%20Information	The European Summer School in Logic, Language and Information (ESSLLI) is an annual academic conference organized by the European Association for Logic, Language and Information. The focus of study is the "interface between linguistics, logic and computation, with special emphasis on human linguistic and cognitive abil...	European Summer School in Logic, Language and Information	[ "Mathematics", "Technology" ]	241	[ "Mathematical logic", "Computer science conferences", "Computer conference stubs", "Computer science", "Computing stubs", "Mathematical logic organizations" ]
22,910,426	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association%20for%20Logic%2C%20Language%20and%20Information	The Association for Logic, Language and Information (FoLLI) is an international, especially European, learned society. It was founded in 1991 "to advance the practicing of research and education on the interfaces between Logic, Linguistics, Computer Science and Cognitive Science and related disciplines." The academic j...	Association for Logic, Language and Information	[ "Mathematics", "Technology" ]	455	[ "Computer science", "Mathematical logic", "Mathematical logic organizations", "Computer science organizations" ]
22,913,171	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duane%E2%80%93Hunt%20law	The Duane–Hunt law, named after the American physicists William Duane and Franklin L. Hunt, gives the maximum frequency of X-rays that can be emitted by Bremsstrahlung in an X-ray tube by accelerating electrons through an excitation voltage V into a metal target. The maximum frequency νmax is given by which correspo...	Duane–Hunt law	[ "Physics" ]	480	[ "X-rays", "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Electromagnetic spectrum" ]
22,914,364	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatidylinositol%205-phosphate	Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PtdIns5P) is a phosphoinositide, one of the phosphorylated derivatives of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns), that are well-established membrane-anchored regulatory molecules. Phosphoinositides participate in signaling events that control cytoskeletal dynamics, intracellular membrane traffi...	Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,799	[ "Phospholipids", "Signal transduction" ]
34,543,357	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilbao%20Crystallographic%20Server	Bilbao Crystallographic Server is an open access website offering online crystallographic database and programs aimed at analyzing, calculating and visualizing problems of structural and mathematical crystallography, solid state physics and structural chemistry. Initiated in 1997 by the Materials Laboratory of the Depa...	Bilbao Crystallographic Server	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	1,359	[ "Crystallographic databases", "Crystallography", "Condensed matter physics", "Materials science" ]
25,832,512	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightfastness	Lightfastness is a property of a colourant such as dye or pigment that describes its resistance to fading when exposed to light. Dyes and pigments are used for example for dyeing of fabrics, plastics or other materials and manufacturing paints or printing inks. The bleaching of the color is caused by the impact of ult...	Lightfastness	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,617	[ "nan" ]
25,839,999	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-automated%20design	Design Automation usually refers to electronic design automation, or Design Automation which is a Product Configurator. Extending Computer-Aided Design (CAD), automated design and Computer-Automated Design (CAutoD) are more concerned with a broader range of applications, such as automotive engineering, civil engineerin...	Computer-automated design	[ "Engineering", "Biology" ]	1,006	[ "Computer-aided design", "Design engineering", "Evolutionary computation", "Bioinformatics", "Design" ]
33,058,043	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yttrium%20%2890Y%29%20clivatuzumab%20tetraxetan	{{DISPLAYTITLE:Yttrium (90Y) clivatuzumab tetraxetan}} Yttrium (90Y) clivatuzumab tetraxetan (trade name hPAM4-Cide) is a humanized monoclonal antibody-drug conjugate designed for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. The antibody part, clivatuzumab (targeted at MUC1), is conjugated with tetraxetan, a chelator for yttri...	Yttrium (90Y) clivatuzumab tetraxetan	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	200	[ "Antibody-drug conjugates", "Chemicals in medicine", "Radiopharmaceuticals", "Medicinal radiochemistry" ]
33,062,050	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Aleszy%C5%84ski%E2%80%93Pringsheim%20theorem	In mathematics, the Śleszyński–Pringsheim theorem is a statement about convergence of certain continued fractions. It was discovered by Ivan Śleszyński and Alfred Pringsheim in the late 19th century. It states that if , , for are real numbers and for all , then converges absolutely to a number satisfying , mean...	Śleszyński–Pringsheim theorem	[ "Mathematics" ]	104	[ "Theorems in mathematical analysis", "Mathematical analysis", "Continued fractions", "Mathematical analysis stubs", "Theorems in real analysis", "Number theory" ]
20,446,105	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine%20optical%20buoy	The marine optical buoy (MOBY) measures light at and very near the sea surface in a specific location over a long period of time, serving as part of an ocean color observation system. Satellites are another component of the system, providing global coverage through remote sensing; however, satellites measure light abov...	Marine optical buoy	[ "Physics", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	978	[ "Telecommunications engineering", "Oceanographic instrumentation", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Measuring instruments", "Physical oceanography", "Radiometry" ]
20,453,649	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20pseudo-telepathy	Quantum pseudo-telepathy describes the use of quantum entanglement to eliminate the need for classical communications. A nonlocal game is said to display quantum pseudo-telepathy if players who can use entanglement can win it with certainty while players without it can not. The prefix pseudo refers to the fact that qua...	Quantum pseudo-telepathy	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	2,311	[ "Quantum game theory", "Quantum mechanics", "Game theory", "Quantum measurement", "nan", "Thought experiments in quantum mechanics" ]
20,455,314	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherent%20electromagnetic%20radio%20tomography	The Coherent Electromagnetic Radio Tomography (CERTO) is a radio beacon which measures ionospheric parameters in coordination with ground receivers. CERTO provides global ionospheric maps to aid prediction of radio wave scattering. CERTO was developed by the Naval Research Lab and is one of the 4 experiment packages ab...	Coherent electromagnetic radio tomography	[ "Physics", "Astronomy", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	149	[ "Information and communications technology", "Telecommunications engineering", "Plasma physics", "Astronomy stubs", "Astrophysics", "Radio technology", "Astrophysics stubs", "Plasma physics stubs" ]
20,455,445	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionospheric%20Occultation%20Experiment	The Ionospheric Occultation Experiment (IOX) was a remote sensing satellite package that used a dual frequency Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver to measure properties of the ionosphere. IOX demonstrated remote sensing techniques for future United States Department of Defense space systems and helped to improve o...	Ionospheric Occultation Experiment	[ "Physics", "Astronomy" ]	179	[ "Plasma physics", "Astronomy stubs", "Astrophysics", "Astrophysics stubs", "Plasma physics stubs" ]
20,455,598	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer%20Battery%20Experiment	The Polymer Battery Experiment (PBEX) demonstrates the charging and discharging characteristics of polymer batteries in the space environment. PBEX validates use of lightweight, flexible battery technology to decrease cost and weight for future military and commercial space systems. PBEX was developed by Johns Hopkins ...	Polymer Battery Experiment	[ "Chemistry" ]	180	[ "nan" ]
31,545,601	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elgiloy	Elgiloy (Co-Cr-Ni Alloy) is a "super-alloy" consisting of 39-41% cobalt, 19-21% chromium, 14-16% nickel, 11.3-20.5% iron, 6-8% molybdenum, 1.5-2.5% manganese and 0.15% max. carbon. It is used to make springs that are corrosion resistant and exhibit high strength, ductility, and good fatigue life. These same properties...	Elgiloy	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	233	[ "Alloy stubs", "Metallurgy", "Materials science", "Superalloys", "Alloys", "nan" ]
31,546,299	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20finance	Quantum finance is an interdisciplinary research field, applying theories and methods developed by quantum physicists and economists in order to solve problems in finance. It is a branch of econophysics. Quantum computing is now being used for a number of financial applications, including fraud detection, stock price ...	Quantum finance	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	1,195	[ "Applied mathematics", "Statistical mechanics", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Mathematical finance" ]
31,547,791	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open%20Compute%20Project	The Open Compute Project (OCP) is an organization that facilitates the sharing of data center product designs and industry best practices among companies. Founded in 2011, OCP has significantly influenced the design and operation of large-scale computing facilities worldwide. As of July 2024, over 300 companies acros...	Open Compute Project	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	1,796	[ "Computer networking", "Computer engineering", "Data centers", "Data management", "Computer science", "Data", "Computers" ]
31,548,061	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affinity%20magnetic%20separation	Affinitymagnetic separation (AMS) is a laboratory tool that can efficiently isolate bacterial cells out of body fluid or cultured cells. It can also be used as a method of quantifying the pathogenicity of food, blood or feces. Another laboratory separation tool is the immunomagnetic separation (IMS), which is more suit...	Affinity magnetic separation	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	229	[ "Biochemistry", "nan", "Molecular biology" ]
31,550,360	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PhEVER	PhEVER is a database of homologous gene families between viral sequences and sequences from cellular organisms. See also Phylogenetics References External links https://web.archive.org/web/20101105222933/http://pbil.univ-lyon1.fr/databases/phever/ Genetics databases Phylogenetics Virology	PhEVER	[ "Biology" ]	76	[ "Bioinformatics", "Phylogenetics", "Taxonomy (biology)" ]
30,511,252	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanocrystal%20solar%20cell	Nanocrystal solar cells are solar cells based on a substrate with a coating of nanocrystals. The nanocrystals are typically based on silicon, CdTe or CIGS and the substrates are generally silicon or various organic conductors. Quantum dot solar cells are a variant of this approach which take advantage of quantum mechan...	Nanocrystal solar cell	[ "Physics", "Materials_science" ]	599	[ "Quantum electronics", "Quantum mechanics", "Condensed matter physics", "Nanotechnology", "Nanomaterials" ]
30,511,786	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coupled%20mode%20theory	Coupled mode theory (CMT) is a perturbational approach for analyzing the coupling of vibrational systems (mechanical, optical, electrical, etc.) in space or in time. Coupled mode theory allows a wide range of devices and systems to be modeled as one or more coupled resonators. In optics, such systems include laser cavi...	Coupled mode theory	[ "Physics" ]	604	[ "Computational electromagnetics", "Computational physics" ]
3,840,763	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christofilos%20effect	The Christofilos effect, sometimes known as the Argus effect, refers to the entrapment of electrons from nuclear weapons in the Earth's magnetic field. It was first predicted in 1957 by Nicholas Christofilos, who suggested the effect had defensive potential in a nuclear war, with so many beta particles becoming trapped...	Christofilos effect	[ "Physics" ]	3,890	[ "Astroparticle physics", "Particle physics", "Astrophysics" ]
3,840,994	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bent%27s%20rule	In chemistry, Bent's rule describes and explains the relationship between the orbital hybridization and the electronegativities of substituents. The rule was stated by Henry A. Bent as follows: Valence bond theory gives a good approximation of molecular structure. Bent's rule addresses disparities between the observe...	Bent's rule	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	4,208	[ "Molecular geometry", "Molecules", "Stereochemistry", "Condensed matter physics", "nan", "Chemical bonding", "Matter" ]

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