id int64 39 79M | url stringlengths 32 168 | text stringlengths 7 145k | source stringlengths 2 105 | categories listlengths 1 6 | token_count int64 3 32.2k | subcategories listlengths 0 27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
26,069,912 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus%20quantification | Virus quantification is counting or calculating the number of virus particles (virions) in a sample to determine the virus concentration. It is used in both research and development (R&D) in academic and commercial laboratories as well as in production situations where the quantity of virus at various steps is an impor... | Virus quantification | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 4,262 | [
"Immunology",
"nan"
] |
29,284,093 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassin%27s%20Creed%3A%20The%20Fall | Assassin's Creed: The Fall is an American comic book three-issue mini-series published by WildStorm. Set in the Assassin's Creed universe, it tells the story of Nikolai Orelov, a member of the Russian Brotherhood of Assassins, who battles Templar influence in Russia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The minise... | Assassin's Creed: The Fall | [
"Physics"
] | 1,964 | [
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Tunguska event"
] |
29,284,770 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal%20scanning%20probe%20lithography | Thermal scanning probe lithography (t-SPL) is a form of scanning probe lithography (SPL) whereby material is structured on the nanoscale using scanning probes, primarily through the application of thermal energy.
Related fields are thermo-mechanical SPL (see also Millipede memory), thermochemical SPL (or thermochemica... | Thermal scanning probe lithography | [
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 985 | [
"Nanotechnology",
"Materials science",
"Microtechnology",
"Lithography (microfabrication)"
] |
29,287,934 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophile | A hydrophile is a molecule or other molecular entity that is attracted to water molecules and tends to be dissolved by water.
In contrast, hydrophobes are not attracted to water and may seem to be repelled by it. Hygroscopics are attracted to water, but are not dissolved by water.
Molecules
A hydrophilic molecule or ... | Hydrophile | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 926 | [
"Molecular physics",
"Materials science",
"Surface science",
"Intermolecular forces",
"Condensed matter physics",
"nan"
] |
29,289,141 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery%20and%20development%20of%20nucleoside%20and%20nucleotide%20reverse-transcriptase%20inhibitors | Discovery and development of nucleoside and nucleotide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs and NtRTIs) began in the 1980s when the AIDS epidemic hit Western societies. NRTIs inhibit the reverse transcriptase (RT), an enzyme that controls the replication of the genetic material of the human immunodeficiency virus (H... | Discovery and development of nucleoside and nucleotide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 3,667 | [
"Life sciences industry",
"Medicinal chemistry",
"Drug discovery"
] |
29,289,671 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melatonin%20receptor%20agonist | Melatonin receptor agonists are analogues of melatonin that bind to and activate the melatonin receptor. Agonists of the melatonin receptor have a number of therapeutic applications including treatment of sleep disorders and depression. The discovery and development of melatonin receptor agonists was motivated by the ... | Melatonin receptor agonist | [
"Chemistry"
] | 2,918 | [
"Melatonin receptor agonists",
"Drug discovery"
] |
35,943,710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methyl%202-chloroacrylate | Methyl 2-chloroacrylate is a colorless liquid used in manufacture of acrylic high polymer similar to polymethylmethacrylate. It is also used as a monomer for certain specialty polymers.
Methyl 2-chloroacrylate is polymerizable, insoluble in water, and a skin, eye, and lung irritant. Inhalation of vapors causes pulmo... | Methyl 2-chloroacrylate | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 165 | [
"Monomers",
"Polymer chemistry"
] |
35,944,102 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium%20iron%20hexahydride | Magnesium iron hexahydride is an inorganic compound with the formula Mg2FeH6. It is a green diamagnetic solid that is stable in dry air. The material is prepared by heating a mixture of powdered magnesium and iron under high pressures of hydrogen:
2 Mg + Fe + 3 H2 → Mg2FeH6
Structure
The compound is isomorph... | Magnesium iron hexahydride | [
"Chemistry"
] | 280 | [
"Metal hydrides",
"Inorganic compounds",
"Reducing agents"
] |
35,945,712 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological%20degeneracy | In quantum many-body physics, topological degeneracy is a phenomenon in which the ground state of a gapped many-body Hamiltonian becomes degenerate in the limit of large system size such that the degeneracy cannot be lifted by any local perturbations.
Applications
Topological degeneracy can be used to protect qubits ... | Topological degeneracy | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 557 | [
"Quantum phases",
"Phases of matter",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Materials science",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Matter"
] |
35,946,908 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market%20game | In economic theory, a strategic market game, also known as a market game, is a game explaining price formation through game theory, typically implementing a general equilibrium outcome as a Nash equilibrium.
Fundamentally in a strategic market game, markets work in a strategic way that does not (directly) involve pric... | Market game | [
"Mathematics"
] | 320 | [
"Game theory game classes",
"Game theory"
] |
35,947,857 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krull%E2%80%93Akizuki%20theorem | In commutative algebra, the Krull–Akizuki theorem states the following: Let A be a one-dimensional reduced noetherian ring, K its total ring of fractions. Suppose L is a finite extension of K. If and B is reduced,
then B is a noetherian ring of dimension at most one. Furthermore, for every nonzero ideal of B, is fin... | Krull–Akizuki theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 572 | [
"Theorems in algebra",
"Commutative algebra",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Mathematical problems",
"Mathematical theorems",
"Algebra"
] |
40,125,862 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark%20Ages%20Radio%20Explorer | The Dark Ages Radio Explorer (DARE) is a proposed NASA mission aimed at detecting redshifted line emissions from the earliest neutral hydrogen atoms, formed post-Cosmic Dawn. Emissions from these neutral hydrogen atoms, characterized by a rest wavelength of 21 cm and a frequency of 1420 MHz, offer insights into the for... | Dark Ages Radio Explorer | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 1,182 | [
"Cosmogony",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Big Bang",
"Theoretical physics",
"Astrophysics",
"Physical cosmology"
] |
40,129,720 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devex%20algorithm | In applied mathematics, the devex algorithm is a pivot rule for the simplex method developed by Paula M. J. Harris. It identifies the steepest-edge approximately in its search for the optimal solution.
References
Algorithms | Devex algorithm | [
"Mathematics"
] | 47 | [
"Algorithms",
"Mathematical logic",
"Applied mathematics"
] |
40,131,213 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SU2%20code | SU2 is a suite of open-source software tools written in C++ for the numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDE) and performing PDE-constrained optimization. The primary applications are computational fluid dynamics and aerodynamic shape optimization, but has been extended to treat more general equations ... | SU2 code | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 638 | [
"Computational fluid dynamics",
"Fluid dynamics",
"Computational physics"
] |
24,668,006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbene%20C%E2%88%92H%20insertion | Carbene C−H insertion in organic chemistry concerns the insertion reaction of a carbene into a carbon–hydrogen bond. This organic reaction is of some importance in the synthesis of new organic compounds.
Simple carbenes such as the methylene and dichlorocarbene are not regioselective towards insertion. When the carbe... | Carbene C−H insertion | [
"Chemistry"
] | 476 | [
"Organic compounds",
"Carbenes",
"Inorganic compounds",
"Organic reactions"
] |
24,670,118 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistent%20current | In physics, persistent current is a perpetual electric current that does not require an external power source. Such a current is impossible in normal electrical devices, since all commonly-used conductors have a non-zero resistance, and this resistance would rapidly dissipate any such current as heat. However, in super... | Persistent current | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,185 | [
"Physical quantities",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Electrical engineering",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Electric current",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Mesoscopic physics"
] |
34,841,856 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-atom%20transistor | A single-atom transistor is a device that can open and close an electrical circuit by the controlled and reversible repositioning of one single atom. The single-atom transistor was invented and first demonstrated in 2002 by Dr. Fangqing Xie in Prof. Thomas Schimmel's Group at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (form... | Single-atom transistor | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 386 | [
"Phases of matter",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Matter",
"Materials science"
] |
34,845,435 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latanoprost/timolol | Latanoprost/timolol, sold under the brand name Xalacom, is a combination drug used for the treatment of glaucoma, consisting of latanoprost (increase uveoscleral outflow of aqueous humor) and timolol (a beta blocker decreasing the production of aqueous fluid).
Society and culture
Brand names
In some countries, Xalac... | Latanoprost/timolol | [
"Chemistry"
] | 114 | [
"Pharmacology",
"Pharmacology stubs",
"Medicinal chemistry stubs"
] |
34,846,515 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenopicolinic%20acid | Phenopicolinic acid is a dopamine beta hydroxylase inhibitor.
References
Pyridines
Carboxylic acids
4-Hydroxyphenyl compounds | Phenopicolinic acid | [
"Chemistry"
] | 37 | [
"Carboxylic acids",
"Functional groups"
] |
34,846,642 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat%20cover | In algebra, a flat cover of a module M over a ring is a surjective homomorphism from a flat module F to M that is in some sense minimal. Any module over a ring has a flat cover that is unique up to (non-unique) isomorphism. Flat covers are in some sense dual to injective hulls, and are related to projective covers and ... | Flat cover | [
"Mathematics"
] | 328 | [
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Module theory"
] |
34,847,251 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesam%20%28structural%20analysis%20software%29 | Sesam is a software suite for structural and hydrodynamic analysis of ships and offshore structures. It is based on the displacement formulation of the Finite Element Method.
The first version of Sesam was developed at NTH, now Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet (NTNU Trondheim), in the mid-1960s. Sesam wa... | Sesam (structural analysis software) | [
"Engineering"
] | 596 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Structural analysis",
"Construction",
"Civil engineering",
"Mechanical engineering",
"Aerospace engineering"
] |
34,848,600 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benitec%20Biopharma | Benitec Biopharma Limited is an Australian biotechnology company founded in 1997. It is engaged in the development of gene-silencing therapies for the treatment of chronic and life-threatening diseases using DNA-directed RNA interference (ddRNAi) technology.
The CSIRO has researched RNAi extensively, developing the sm... | Benitec Biopharma | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 222 | [
"Biological engineering",
"Genetic engineering",
"Molecular biology"
] |
31,752,262 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/REPAIRtoire | REPAIRtoire is a database of resources for systems biology of DNA damage and repair.
See also
DNA repair
References
External links
http://repairtoire.genesilico.pl
Biological databases
DNA repair
Systems biology | REPAIRtoire | [
"Biology"
] | 45 | [
"DNA repair",
"Bioinformatics",
"Molecular genetics",
"Cellular processes",
"Biological databases",
"Systems biology"
] |
31,760,032 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibrational%20analysis%20with%20scanning%20probe%20microscopy | The technique of vibrational analysis with scanning probe microscopy allows probing vibrational properties of materials at the submicrometer scale, and even of individual molecules. This is accomplished by integrating scanning probe microscopy (SPM) and vibrational spectroscopy (Raman scattering or/and Fourier transfor... | Vibrational analysis with scanning probe microscopy | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 5,120 | [
"Molecular physics",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Scanning probe microscopy",
"Microscopy",
"Nanotechnology",
"Spectroscopy"
] |
31,761,967 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermokinetics | Thermokinetics deals with the study of thermal decomposition kinetics.
See also
Thermogravimetry
Differential thermal analysis
Differential scanning calorimetry
References
Chemical kinetics | Thermokinetics | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 37 | [
"Thermodynamics stubs",
"Chemical reaction engineering",
"Thermodynamics",
"Analytical chemistry stubs",
"Chemical kinetics",
"Physical chemistry stubs"
] |
5,340,351 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20engineering | Crystal engineering studies the design and synthesis of solid-state structures with desired properties through deliberate control of intermolecular interactions. It is an interdisciplinary academic field, bridging solid-state and supramolecular chemistry.
The main engineering strategies currently in use are hydrogen... | Crystal engineering | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 2,052 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Products of chemical industry",
"Chemical engineering",
"Supramolecular chemistry",
"Materials science",
"Crystallography",
"Condensed matter physics",
"nan",
"Chemical product engineering",
"Nanotechnology",
"Solid-state chemistry"
] |
5,340,728 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereoscopic%20spectroscopy | Stereoscopic spectroscopy is a type of imaging spectroscopy that can extract a few spectral parameters over a complete image plane simultaneously. A stereoscopic spectrograph is similar to a normal spectrograph except that (A) it has no slit, and (B) multiple spectral orders (often including the non-dispersed zero ord... | Stereoscopic spectroscopy | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 210 | [
"Instrumental analysis",
"Molecular physics",
"Spectroscopy",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)"
] |
5,343,488 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle%20and%20motorcycle%20dynamics | Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics is the science of the motion of bicycles and motorcycles and their components, due to the forces acting on them. Dynamics falls under a branch of physics known as classical mechanics. Bike motions of interest include balancing, steering, braking, accelerating, suspension activation, and ... | Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 15,442 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Applied mathematics",
"Control theory",
"Classical mechanics",
"Motion (physics)",
"Dynamics (mechanics)",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
41,565,937 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scan%20statistic | In statistics, a scan statistic or window statistic is a problem relating to the clustering of randomly positioned points. An example of a typical problem is the maximum size of a cluster of points on a line or the longest series of successes recorded by a moving window of fixed length.
Joseph Naus first published on ... | Scan statistic | [
"Physics"
] | 481 | [
"Spacetime",
"Space",
"Spatial analysis"
] |
41,565,982 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof%20mass | A proof mass or test mass is a known quantity of mass used in a measuring instrument as a reference for the measurement of an unknown quantity.
A mass used to calibrate a weighing scale is sometimes called a calibration mass or calibration weight.
A proof mass that deforms a spring in an accelerometer is sometimes ca... | Proof mass | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 163 | [
"Scalar physical quantities",
"Accelerometers",
"Units of measurement",
"Physical quantities",
"Acceleration",
"Quantity",
"Mass",
"Units of mass",
"Measurement",
"Size",
"Measuring instruments",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Matter"
] |
41,573,644 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burgers%20vortex | In fluid dynamics, the Burgers vortex or Burgers–Rott vortex is an exact solution to the Navier–Stokes equations governing viscous flow, named after Jan Burgers and Nicholas Rott. The Burgers vortex describes a stationary, self-similar flow.
An inward, radial flow, tends to concentrate vorticity in a narrow column arou... | Burgers vortex | [
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,227 | [
"Dynamical systems",
"Vortices",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
43,053,125 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iterated%20forcing | In mathematics, iterated forcing is a method for constructing models of set theory by repeating Cohen's forcing method a transfinite number of times. Iterated forcing was introduced by in their construction of a model of set theory with no Suslin tree. They also showed that iterated forcing can construct models where ... | Iterated forcing | [
"Mathematics"
] | 328 | [
"Forcing (mathematics)",
"Mathematical logic"
] |
43,056,044 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-triggered%20architecture | Time-triggered architecture (abbreviated as TTA), also known as a time-triggered system, is a computer system that executes one or more sets of tasks according to a predetermined and set task schedule. Implementation of a TT system will typically involve use of a single interrupt that is linked to the periodic overflow... | Time-triggered architecture | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 531 | [
"Systems engineering",
"Electrical standards",
"Electrical systems",
"Safety engineering",
"Computer standards",
"IEC standards",
"Physical systems"
] |
43,056,476 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanum%20manganite | Lanthanum manganite is an inorganic compound with the formula LaMnO3, often abbreviated as LMO. Lanthanum manganite is formed in the perovskite structure, consisting of oxygen octahedra with a central Mn atom. The cubic perovskite structure is distorted into an orthorhombic structure by a strong Jahn–Teller distortion ... | Lanthanum manganite | [
"Chemistry"
] | 411 | [
"Manganates",
"Salts"
] |
43,058,222 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic%20mineral | An organic mineral is an organic compound in mineral form. An organic compound is any compound containing carbon, aside from some simple ones discovered before 1828. There are three classes of organic mineral: hydrocarbons (containing just hydrogen and carbon), salts of organic acids, and miscellaneous. Organic mineral... | Organic mineral | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,136 | [
"Organic compounds",
"Organic minerals"
] |
43,062,422 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorine%20azide | Fluorine azide or triazadienyl fluoride is a yellow green gas composed of nitrogen and fluorine with formula . Its properties resemble those of , , and . The bond between the fluorine atom and the nitrogen is very weak, leading to this substance being very unstable and prone to explosion. Calculations show the F–N–N an... | Fluorine azide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 482 | [
"Explosive chemicals",
"Pseudohalogens",
"Inorganic compounds",
"Explosive gases"
] |
43,063,523 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subhamiltonian%20graph | In graph theory and graph drawing, a subhamiltonian graph is a subgraph of a planar Hamiltonian graph.
Definition
A graph G is subhamiltonian if G is a subgraph of another graph aug(G) on the same vertex set, such that aug(G) is planar and contains a Hamiltonian cycle. For this to be true, G itself must be planar, and... | Subhamiltonian graph | [
"Mathematics"
] | 505 | [
"Planes (geometry)",
"Planar graphs"
] |
43,066,470 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artin%20transfer%20%28group%20theory%29 | In the mathematical field of group theory, an Artin transfer is a certain homomorphism from an arbitrary finite or infinite group to the commutator quotient group of a subgroup of finite index. Originally, such mappings arose as group theoretic counterparts of class extension homomorphisms of abelian extensions of alge... | Artin transfer (group theory) | [
"Mathematics"
] | 11,203 | [
"Group theory",
"Fields of abstract algebra"
] |
30,788,646 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma%20Science%20Society%20of%20India | Plasma Science Society of India was founded in 1978 at Institute for Plasma Research, Ahmedabad in India for the benefit of the fusion community working on plasma. This serves the thrive for knowledge towards the fusion research in the field of theoretical and experimental research, it associated with India Science, Te... | Plasma Science Society of India | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 121 | [
"Nuclear fusion",
"Nuclear chemistry stubs",
"Nuclear physics"
] |
30,790,943 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blake%20number | In fluid mechanics, the Blake number is a nondimensional number showing the ratio of inertial force to viscous force.
It is used in momentum transfer in general and in particular for flow of a fluid through beds of solids. It is a generalisation of the Reynolds number for flow through porous media. It is named after th... | Blake number | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 166 | [
"Materials science stubs",
"Porous media",
"Chemical engineering",
"Materials science",
"Piping",
"Fluid dynamics stubs",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
30,791,232 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decorative%20laminate | Decorative laminates are laminated products primarily used as furniture surface materials or wall paneling. It can be manufactured as either high- or low-pressure laminate, with the two processes not much different from each other except for the pressure applied in the pressing process. Also, laminate can be produced e... | Decorative laminate | [
"Physics"
] | 2,043 | [
"Materials",
"Composite materials",
"Matter"
] |
30,794,160 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion-beam%20shepherd | An ion-beam shepherd (IBS) is a concept in which the orbit and/or attitude of a spacecraft or a generic orbiting body is modified by having a beam of quasi-neutral plasma impinging against its surface to create a force and/or a torque on the target. Ion and plasma thrusters commonly used to propel spacecraft can be emp... | Ion-beam shepherd | [
"Engineering"
] | 581 | [
"Aerospace engineering"
] |
30,796,127 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiggle%20stereoscopy | Wiggle stereoscopy is an example of stereoscopy in which left and right images of a stereogram are animated. This technique is also called wiggle 3-D, wobble 3-D, wigglegram, or sometimes Piku-Piku (Japanese for "twitching").
The sense of depth from such images is due to parallax and to changes to the occlusion of bac... | Wiggle stereoscopy | [
"Physics"
] | 718 | [
"Optical phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Optical illusions"
] |
27,952,019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deuterium%20fusion | Deuterium fusion, also called deuterium burning, is a nuclear fusion reaction that occurs in stars and some substellar objects, in which a deuterium nucleus (deuteron) and a proton combine to form a helium-3 nucleus. It occurs as the second stage of the proton–proton chain reaction, in which a deuteron formed from two ... | Deuterium fusion | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Astronomy"
] | 1,294 | [
"Nuclear fission",
"Definition of planet",
"Astrophysics",
"Nucleosynthesis",
"Astronomical controversies",
"Nuclear fusion reactions",
"Astronomical classification systems",
"Nuclear physics",
"Nuclear fusion",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Stellar astronomy"
] |
27,959,040 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese-mediated%20coupling%20reactions | Manganese-mediated coupling reactions are radical coupling reactions between enolizable carbonyl compounds and unsaturated compounds initiated by a manganese(III) salt, typically manganese(III) acetate. Copper(II) acetate is sometimes used as a co-oxidant to assist in the oxidation of intermediate radicals to carbocati... | Manganese-mediated coupling reactions | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,154 | [
"Organic reactions"
] |
27,960,249 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasitic%20oscillation | Parasitic oscillation is an undesirable electronic oscillation (cyclic variation in output voltage or current) in an electronic or digital device. It is often caused by feedback in an amplifying device. The problem occurs notably in RF, audio, and other electronic amplifiers as well as in digital signal processing. It... | Parasitic oscillation | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics",
"Technology"
] | 1,030 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Control theory",
"Mechanics",
"Electronic amplifiers",
"Amplifiers",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
44,514,117 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application%20of%20CFD%20in%20thermal%20power%20plants | Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are used to understand complex thermal flow regimes in power plants. The thermal power plant may be divided into different subsectors and the CFD analysis applied to critical equipment/components - mainly different types of heat exchangers - which are of crucial significance for effic... | Application of CFD in thermal power plants | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,515 | [
"Computational fluid dynamics",
"Fluid dynamics",
"Computational physics"
] |
44,516,005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauling%27s%20principle%20of%20electroneutrality | Pauling's principle of electroneutrality states that each atom in a stable substance has a charge close to zero. It was formulated by Linus Pauling in 1948 and later revised. The principle has been used to predict which of a set of molecular resonance structures would be the most significant, to explain the stability o... | Pauling's principle of electroneutrality | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 1,190 | [
"Quantum chemistry",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Theoretical chemistry",
"Condensed matter physics",
" molecular",
"nan",
"Atomic",
"Chemical bonding",
" and optical physics"
] |
23,195,101 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retirement%20spend-down | At retirement, individuals stop working and no longer get employment earnings, and enter a phase of their lives, where they rely on the assets they have accumulated, to supply money for their spending needs for the rest of their lives. Retirement spend-down, or withdrawal rate, is the strategy a retiree follows to spe... | Retirement spend-down | [
"Mathematics"
] | 2,810 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Actuarial science"
] |
23,197,445 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Murphy%20%28contractor%29 | John Murphy (5 October 1913 – 7 May 2009) was an Irish business man who established the construction and infrastructure contractor J. Murphy & Sons. The company, based in Kentish Town, with its green vans and lorries, works on building sites across the UK and Ireland. His late brother Joe also went into construction i... | John Murphy (contractor) | [
"Engineering"
] | 544 | [
"Civil engineering",
"Civil engineering contractors"
] |
23,198,270 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onigawara | are a type of roof ornamentation found in Japanese architecture. They are generally roof tiles or statues depicting an oni (ogre) or a fearsome beast. Onigawara were historically found on Buddhist temples, but are now used in many traditionally styled buildings. Some tiles may depict things besides oni, but are still c... | Onigawara | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 265 | [
"Structural system",
"Structural engineering",
"Roofs"
] |
3,976,202 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baire%20set | In mathematics, more specifically in measure theory, the Baire sets form a σ-algebra of a topological space that avoids some of the pathological properties of Borel sets.
There are several inequivalent definitions of Baire sets, but in the most widely used, the Baire sets of a locally compact Hausdorff space form the ... | Baire set | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,356 | [
"General topology",
"Topology"
] |
3,977,589 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation%20sum | In chaos theory, the correlation sum is the estimator of the correlation integral, which reflects the mean probability that the states at two different times are close:
where is the number of considered states , is a threshold distance, a norm (e.g. Euclidean norm) and the Heaviside step function. If only a time s... | Correlation sum | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 139 | [
"Mechanics",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
3,978,080 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building%20information%20modeling | Building information modeling (BIM) is an approach involving the generation and management of digital representations of the physical and functional characteristics of buildings or other physical assets and facilities. BIM is supported by various tools, processes, technologies and contracts. Building information model... | Building information modeling | [
"Engineering"
] | 8,298 | [
"Computer-aided design",
"Design engineering",
"Building engineering",
"Data modeling",
"Construction",
"Data engineering",
"Building information modeling",
"Civil engineering",
"Architecture"
] |
3,978,907 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenwood%20Furnace%20State%20Park | Greenwood Furnace State Park is a Pennsylvania state park in Jackson Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania in the United States. The park is near the historic iron making center of Greenwood Furnace. The park includes the ghost town of Greenwood that grew up around the ironworks, old roads and charcoal hearths. Gr... | Greenwood Furnace State Park | [
"Chemistry"
] | 2,404 | [
"Metallurgical processes",
"Industrial furnaces"
] |
3,980,616 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigenspinor | In quantum mechanics, eigenspinors are thought of as basis vectors representing the general spin state of a particle. Strictly speaking, they are not vectors at all, but in fact spinors. For a single spin 1/2 particle, they can be defined as the eigenvectors of the Pauli matrices.
General eigenspinors
In quantum me... | Eigenspinor | [
"Physics"
] | 642 | [
"Theoretical physics",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
3,981,163 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulator%20pump | A circulator pump or circulating pump is a specific type of pump used to circulate gases, liquids, or slurries in a closed circuit with small elevation changes. They are commonly found circulating water in a hydronic heating or cooling system. They are specialized in providing a large flow rate rather than providing mu... | Circulator pump | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,777 | [
"Physical systems",
"Hydraulics",
"Turbomachinery",
"Pumps"
] |
3,981,747 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epsilon%20number | In mathematics, the epsilon numbers are a collection of transfinite numbers whose defining property is that they are fixed points of an exponential map. Consequently, they are not reachable from 0 via a finite series of applications of the chosen exponential map and of "weaker" operations like addition and multiplicat... | Epsilon number | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,644 | [
"Ordinal numbers",
"Order theory",
"Mathematical objects",
"Numbers"
] |
3,983,007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecamylamine | Mecamylamine (INN, BAN; or mecamylamine hydrochloride (USAN); brand names Inversine, Vecamyl) is a non-selective, non-competitive antagonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) that was introduced in the 1950s as an antihypertensive drug. In the United States, it was voluntarily withdrawn from the market ... | Mecamylamine | [
"Chemistry"
] | 787 | [
"Drug safety",
"Functional groups",
"Amines",
"Bases (chemistry)",
"Withdrawn drugs"
] |
21,693,114 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lydersen%20method | The Lydersen method is a group contribution method for the estimation of critical properties temperature (Tc), pressure (Pc) and volume (Vc). The method is named after Aksel Lydersen who published it in 1955. The Lydersen method is the prototype for and ancestor of many new models like Joback, Klincewicz,
Ambrose,
G... | Lydersen method | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 303 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Thermodynamic models",
"Thermodynamics",
"nan",
"Physical chemistry"
] |
21,697,541 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactosylceramide | The Lactosylceramides, also known as LacCer, are a class of glycosphingolipids composed of a variable hydrophobic ceramide lipid and a hydrophilic sugar moiety. Lactosylceramides are found in microdomains on the plasma layers of numerous cells. Moreover, they are a type of ceramide including lactose, which is an examp... | Lactosylceramide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 936 | [
"Glycobiology",
"Carbohydrates",
"Glycolipids"
] |
26,077,153 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talagrand%27s%20concentration%20inequality | In the probability theory field of mathematics, Talagrand's concentration inequality is an isoperimetric-type inequality for product probability spaces. It was first proved by the French mathematician Michel Talagrand. The inequality is one of the manifestations of the concentration of measure phenomenon.
Roughly, the... | Talagrand's concentration inequality | [
"Mathematics"
] | 277 | [
"Theorems in probability theory",
"Probabilistic inequalities",
"Inequalities (mathematics)"
] |
26,078,212 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PEPS%20effect | The PEPS Effect (Photoelectochemical Photocurrent Switching) is a phenomenon seen in semiconducting electrodes. It is defined as switching of photocurrent polarity on changes in photoelectrode potential and/or incident light wavelength.
Konrad Szaciłowski and Wojciech Macyk were the first to describe it in their publi... | PEPS effect | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 160 | [
"Electrical resistance and conductance",
"Physical quantities",
"Semiconductors",
"Materials",
"Electronic engineering",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Solid state engineering",
"Matter"
] |
33,297,462 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keller%27s%20conjecture | In geometry, Keller's conjecture is the conjecture that in any tiling of -dimensional Euclidean space by identical hypercubes, there are two hypercubes that share an entire -dimensional face with each other. For instance, in any tiling of the plane by identical squares, some two squares must share an entire edge, as th... | Keller's conjecture | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 2,718 | [
"Tessellation",
"Computer-assisted proofs",
"Euclidean plane geometry",
"Planes (geometry)",
"Symmetry"
] |
33,302,030 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoside%20hydrolase%20family%2033 | In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 33 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Glycoside hydrolases are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolase... | Glycoside hydrolase family 33 | [
"Biology"
] | 350 | [
"Protein families",
"Protein classification"
] |
33,302,625 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoside%20hydrolase%20family%2037 | In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 37 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Glycoside hydrolases are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolase... | Glycoside hydrolase family 37 | [
"Biology"
] | 235 | [
"Protein families",
"Protein classification"
] |
33,302,785 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoside%20hydrolase%20family%2047 | In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 47 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Glycoside hydrolases are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolase... | Glycoside hydrolase family 47 | [
"Biology"
] | 300 | [
"Protein families",
"Protein classification"
] |
33,304,869 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridges%20to%20Prosperity | Bridges to Prosperity (B2P) is a United States–based nonprofit organization that partners with local governments to connect communities via pedestrian trailbridges, in addition to providing technical assistance and resource mobilization. Bridges to Prosperity is based in Denver, Colorado, with an operational headquarte... | Bridges to Prosperity | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,656 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Bridges"
] |
33,305,931 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage%20migration%20inhibitory%20factor%20domain | Macrophage migration inhibitory factor domain is an evolutionary conserved protein domain.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a key regulatory cytokine within innate and adaptive immune responses, capable of promoting and modulating the magnitude of the response. MIF is released from T-cells and macrophag... | Macrophage migration inhibitory factor domain | [
"Biology"
] | 337 | [
"Protein domains",
"Protein classification"
] |
33,307,786 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercapacitor | A supercapacitor (SC), also called an ultracapacitor, is a high-capacity capacitor, with a capacitance value much higher than solid-state capacitors but with lower voltage limits. It bridges the gap between electrolytic capacitors and rechargeable batteries. It typically stores 10 to 100 times more energy per unit volu... | Supercapacitor | [
"Physics"
] | 19,995 | [
"Capacitance",
"Capacitors",
"Physical quantities"
] |
33,308,777 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good%E2%80%93deal%20bounds | Good–deal bounds are price bounds for a financial portfolio which depends on an individual trader's preferences. Mathematically, if is a set of portfolios with future outcomes which are "acceptable" to the trader, then define the function by
where is the set of final values for self-financing trading strategies. ... | Good–deal bounds | [
"Mathematics"
] | 170 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Mathematical finance"
] |
37,364,287 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground%20hospital | An underground hospital is a hospital that is constructed underground to protect patients and staff from attack during war. They were often used during World War II but very few now remain operational.
History
Medieval
Ceppo Hospital of Pistoia in Italy
The Ceppo Hospital of Pistoia was founded in 1277 in a labyrin... | Underground hospital | [
"Engineering"
] | 897 | [
"Underground construction",
"Civil engineering",
"Construction"
] |
37,369,491 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20DNA%20nanotechnology%20research%20groups | This list of DNA nanotechnology research groups gives a partial overview of academic research organisations in the field of DNA nanotechnology, sorted geographically. Any sufficiently notable research group (which in general can be considered as any group having published in well regarded, high impact factor journals) ... | List of DNA nanotechnology research groups | [
"Materials_science"
] | 83 | [
"Nanotechnology",
"DNA nanotechnology"
] |
37,376,713 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat%20transfer%20physics | Heat transfer physics describes the kinetics of energy storage, transport, and energy transformation by principal energy carriers: phonons (lattice vibration waves), electrons, fluid particles, and photons. Heat is thermal energy stored in temperature-dependent motion of particles including electrons, atomic nuclei, in... | Heat transfer physics | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 7,215 | [
"Transport phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Heat transfer",
"Phases of matter",
"Materials science",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Thermodynamics",
"Matter",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
38,812,038 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spontelectrics | In solid state physics, spontelectrics is the study and phenomenon of thin films of various materials producing strong electric fields.
Properties
When laid down as thin films tens to hundreds of molecular layers thick, a range of materials spontaneously generate large electric fields. The electric fields can be grea... | Spontelectrics | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 169 | [
"Phases of matter",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Matter",
"Materials science"
] |
38,812,596 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABCE1 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family E member 1 (ABCE1) also known as RNase L inhibitor (RLI) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ABCE1 gene.
ABCE1 is an ATPase that is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters superfamily and OABP subfamily.
ABCE1 inhibits the action of ribonuclease L. Ribonucleas... | ABCE1 | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,321 | [
"Protein biosynthesis",
"Gene expression",
"Biosynthesis"
] |
38,813,617 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Useless%20machine | A useless machine or useless box is a device whose only function is to turn itself off. The best-known useless machines are those inspired by Marvin Minsky's design, in which the device's sole function is to switch itself off by operating its own "off" switch. Such machines were popularized commercially in the 1960s, s... | Useless machine | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 931 | [
"Physical systems",
"Machines",
"Mechanical toys",
"Mechanical engineering"
] |
38,817,016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanuric%20triazide | Cyanuric triazide (C3N12 or (NCN3)3) is described as an environmentally friendly, low toxicity, and organic primary explosive with a detonation velocity of about 7,300 m s−1 and a autoignition temperature of 205 °C.
Structure
The cyanuric triazide molecule exists as a planar triskelion with molecular point group C3h.... | Cyanuric triazide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 459 | [
"Explosive chemicals"
] |
1,476,307 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory%20foam | Memory foam consists mainly of polyurethane with additional chemicals that increase its viscosity and density. It is often referred to as "viscoelastic" polyurethane foam, or low-resilience polyurethane foam (LRPu). The foam bubbles or ‘cells’ are open, effectively creating a matrix through which air can move. Higher-d... | Memory foam | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 2,141 | [
"Foams",
"Smart materials",
"Materials science"
] |
1,477,878 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Slowinski | David Slowinski is a mathematician involved in prime numbers. His career highlights have included the discovery of several of the largest known Mersenne primes:
244497−1 (M27) (with H. L. Nelson) on April 8, 1979
286243−1 (M28) on September 25, 1982
2132049−1 (M30) on September 19, 1983
2216091−1 (M31) on September... | David Slowinski | [
"Mathematics"
] | 212 | [
"Number theorists",
"Number theory"
] |
1,480,126 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwater%20habitat | Underwater habitats are underwater structures in which people can live for extended periods and carry out most of the basic human functions of a 24-hour day, such as working, resting, eating, attending to personal hygiene, and sleeping. In this context, 'habitat' is generally used in a narrow sense to mean the interior... | Underwater habitat | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 6,293 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Chemical equipment",
"Physical systems",
"Hydraulics",
"Pressure vessels"
] |
1,480,543 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plate%20girder%20bridge | A plate girder bridge is a bridge supported by two or more plate girders.
Overview
In a plate girder bridge, the plate girders are typically I-beams made up from separate structural steel plates (rather than rolled as a single cross-section), which are welded or, in older bridges, bolted or riveted together to form th... | Plate girder bridge | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 740 | [
"Structural system",
"Girders",
"Structural steel",
"Structural engineering"
] |
1,480,601 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power%20cable | A power cable is an electrical cable, an assembly of one or more electrical conductors, usually held together with an overall sheath. The assembly is used for transmission of electrical power. Power cables may be installed as permanent wiring within buildings, buried in the ground, run overhead, or exposed. Power cable... | Power cable | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 2,240 | [
"Electrical systems",
"Building engineering",
"Physical systems",
"Electrical engineering",
"Electrical wiring"
] |
29,298,089 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrmann%20effect | The Borrmann effect (or Borrmann–Campbell effect after Gerhard Borrmann and Herbert N. Campbell) is the anomalous increase in the intensity of X-rays transmitted through a crystal when it is being set up for Bragg reflection.
The Borrmann effect—a dramatic increase in transparency to X-ray beams—is observed when X-ray... | Borrmann effect | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 290 | [
"Crystallography stubs",
"X-ray crystallography",
"Crystallography",
"Materials science stubs"
] |
29,298,391 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V404%20Cygni | V404 Cygni is a microquasar and a triple star system in the constellation of Cygnus. It contains a black hole with a mass of about and an early K giant star companion with a mass slightly smaller than the Sun, and an evolved tertiary component. The inner star and the black hole orbit each other every 6.47129 days at ... | V404 Cygni | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 925 | [
"Black holes",
"Stellar black holes",
"Novae",
"Cygnus (constellation)",
"Astronomical events",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Constellations"
] |
29,298,896 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Healing%20Art | A Healing Art is a 2009 short documentary film from director Ellen Frick. It tells the story of two Ocularists, Christie Erickson and Todd Cranmore, who make custom prosthetic eyes. Their story is interwoven with the lives of their patients. A Healing Art was distributed by Ellen Frick and Seattle-based Fly on the Wall... | A Healing Art | [
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 187 | [
"Biological engineering",
"Bioengineering stubs",
"Biotechnology stubs",
"Medical technology stubs",
"Medical technology"
] |
29,302,590 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant%20cover | The abundances of plant species are often measured by plant cover, which is the relative area covered by different plant species in a small plot. Plant cover is not biased by the size and distributions of individuals, and is an important and often measured characteristic of the composition of plant communities.
Usage
... | Plant cover | [
"Mathematics",
"Biology"
] | 457 | [
"Ecology terminology",
"Metrics",
"Ecological metrics",
"Quantity",
"Ecology"
] |
29,305,046 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center%20for%20Mathematics%20and%20Theoretical%20Physics | The Center for Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (CMTP) is an Italian institution supporting research in mathematics and theoretical physics. The CMTP was founded on November 17, 2009 as an interdepartmental research center of the three Roman universities: Sapienza, Tor Vergata and Roma Tre. The CMTP's director is Ro... | Center for Mathematics and Theoretical Physics | [
"Physics"
] | 989 | [
"Theoretical physics",
"Theoretical physics institutes"
] |
29,309,143 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium%20nitrogenase | Vanadium nitrogenase is a key enzyme for nitrogen fixation found in nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and is used as an alternative to molybdenum nitrogenase when molybdenum is unavailable. Vanadium nitrogenases are an important biological use of vanadium, which is uncommonly used by life. An important component of the nitroge... | Vanadium nitrogenase | [
"Chemistry"
] | 694 | [
"Nitrogen cycle",
"Organometallic chemistry",
"Metabolism"
] |
29,309,436 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symposium%20on%20Computational%20Geometry | The International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG) is an academic conference in computational geometry. Today its acronym is pronounced "sausage." It was founded in 1985, with the program committee consisting of David Dobkin, Joseph O'Rourke, Franco Preparata, and Godfried Toussaint; O'Rourke was the conferen... | Symposium on Computational Geometry | [
"Mathematics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 224 | [
"Computer engineering",
"Computer engineering stubs",
"Computational mathematics",
"Computational geometry",
"Computing stubs"
] |
24,679,482 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulk%20polymerization | Bulk polymerization or mass polymerization is carried out by adding a soluble radical initiator to pure monomer in liquid state. The initiator should dissolve in the monomer. The reaction is initiated by heating or exposing to radiation. As the reaction proceeds the mixture becomes more viscous. The reaction is exother... | Bulk polymerization | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 527 | [
"Polymerization reactions",
"Polymer chemistry"
] |
24,686,102 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenario%20optimization | The scenario approach or scenario optimization approach is a technique for obtaining solutions to robust optimization and chance-constrained optimization problems based on a sample of the constraints. It also relates to inductive reasoning in modeling and decision-making. The technique has existed for decades as a heur... | Scenario optimization | [
"Mathematics"
] | 941 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Control theory",
"Mathematical finance",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
24,686,241 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborative%20Computing%20Project%20for%20NMR | The Collaborative Computing Project for NMR (CCPN) is a project that aims to bring together computational aspects of the scientific community involved in NMR spectroscopy, especially those who work in the field of protein NMR. The general aims are to link new and existing NMR software via a common data standard and pr... | Collaborative Computing Project for NMR | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,444 | [
"Nuclear magnetic resonance",
"Nuclear physics"
] |
40,132,737 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow%20plasticity%20theory | Flow plasticity is a solid mechanics theory that is used to describe the plastic behavior of materials. Flow plasticity theories are characterized by the assumption that a flow rule exists that can be used to determine the amount of plastic deformation in the material.
In flow plasticity theories it is assumed that t... | Flow plasticity theory | [
"Physics"
] | 1,522 | [
"Solid mechanics",
"Mechanics",
"Classical mechanics",
"Continuum mechanics"
] |
40,133,154 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanum%20aluminate-strontium%20titanate%20interface | The interface between lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO3) and strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is a notable materials interface because it exhibits properties not found in its constituent materials. Individually, LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 are non-magnetic insulators, yet LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces can exhibit electrical metallic conductivit... | Lanthanum aluminate-strontium titanate interface | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 2,614 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Phases of matter",
"Materials science",
"Condensed matter physics",
"nan",
"Matter"
] |
40,142,982 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irreversible%20electroporation | Irreversible electroporation or IRE is a soft tissue ablation technique using short but strong electrical fields to create permanent and hence lethal nanopores in the cell membrane, to disrupt cellular homeostasis. The resulting cell death results from induced apoptosis or necrosis induced by either membrane disruption... | Irreversible electroporation | [
"Physics",
"Biology"
] | 3,891 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Medical physics",
"Medical technology"
] |
44,520,102 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodegradable%20athletic%20footwear | Biodegradable athletic footwear is athletic footwear that uses biodegradable materials with the ability to compost at the end-of-life phase. Such materials include natural biodegradable polymers, synthetic biodegradable polymers, and biodegradable blends. The use of biodegradable materials is a long-term solution to la... | Biodegradable athletic footwear | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 1,565 | [
"Environmental design",
"Biodegradable materials",
"Biodegradation",
"Materials",
"Design",
"Matter"
] |
44,524,545 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optoelectrowetting | Optoelectrowetting (OEW) is a method of liquid droplet manipulation used in microfluidics applications. This technique builds on the principle of electrowetting, which has proven useful in liquid actuation due to fast switching response times and low power consumption. Where traditional electrowetting runs into challen... | Optoelectrowetting | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 1,207 | [
"Microfluidics",
"Microtechnology",
"Chemical engineering",
"Materials science",
"Biotechnology",
"nan",
"Piping",
"Nanotechnology",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
41,578,185 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadly%20neutralizing%20HIV-1%20antibodies | Broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies (bNAbs) are neutralizing antibodies which neutralize multiple HIV-1 viral strains. bNAbs are unique in that they target conserved epitopes of the virus, meaning the virus may mutate, but the targeted epitopes will still exist. In contrast, non-bNAbs are specific for individual vira... | Broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 978 | [
"Biochemistry",
"Immunology",
"Molecular biology"
] |
41,578,905 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformational%20ensembles | In computational chemistry, conformational ensembles, also known as structural ensembles, are experimentally constrained computational models describing the structure of intrinsically unstructured proteins. Such proteins are flexible in nature, lacking a stable tertiary structure, and therefore cannot be described with... | Conformational ensembles | [
"Chemistry"
] | 574 | [
"Protein structure",
"Structural biology"
] |
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