id int64 39 79M | url stringlengths 32 168 | text stringlengths 7 145k | source stringlengths 2 105 | categories listlengths 1 6 | token_count int64 3 32.2k | subcategories listlengths 0 27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
41,579,730 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acifran | Acifran is a niacin receptor agonist.
References
Receptor agonists
Carboxylic acids
Enones | Acifran | [
"Chemistry"
] | 26 | [
"Receptor agonists",
"Carboxylic acids",
"Functional groups",
"Organic compounds",
"Neurochemistry",
"Organic compound stubs",
"Organic chemistry stubs"
] |
41,579,742 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aconiazide | Aconiazide is an anti-tuberculosis medication. It is a prodrug of isoniazide that was developed and studied for its lower toxicity, but it does not appear to be marketed anywhere in the world in 2021.
References
Prodrugs
Carboxylic acids
Hydrazides
4-Pyridyl compounds | Aconiazide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 69 | [
"Chemicals in medicine",
"Carboxylic acids",
"Functional groups",
"Prodrugs"
] |
41,579,756 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actaplanin | Actaplanin is a complex of broad-spectrum antibiotics made by Actinoplanes bacteria. Research carried out by a group in Eli Lilly and Co. in 1984 identified several actaplanins using high-performance liquid chromatography. Actaplanins A, B1, B2, B3, C1 and G were shown to be composed of the same peptide core, an amino ... | Actaplanin | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 136 | [
"Biotechnology products",
"Glycopeptides",
"Antibiotics",
"Glycopeptide antibiotics",
"Biocides",
"Organic chemistry stubs"
] |
34,853,876 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late-life%20mortality%20deceleration | In gerontology, late-life mortality deceleration is the disputed theory that hazard rate increases at a decreasing rate in late life rather than increasing exponentially as in the Gompertz law.
Late-life mortality deceleration is a well-established phenomenon in insects, which often spend much of their lives in a cons... | Late-life mortality deceleration | [
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics",
"Biology"
] | 1,598 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Senescence",
"Actuarial science",
"Cellular processes",
"Metabolism"
] |
34,854,733 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase%20conjugation | Phase conjugation is a physical transformation of a wave field where the resulting field has a reversed propagation direction but keeps its amplitudes and phases.
Description
It is distinguished from Time Reversal Signal Processing by the fact that phase conjugation uses a holographic or parametric pumping whereas ti... | Phase conjugation | [
"Physics"
] | 295 | [
"Wave mechanics",
"Waves",
"Physical phenomena",
"Classical mechanics"
] |
34,856,488 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary%20friction | Boundary friction occurs when a surface is at least partially wet, but not so lubricated that there is no direct friction between two surfaces.
The Effect
When two consistent, unlubricated surfaces slide against each other, there is a specific, predictable amount of friction that occurs. This amount increases as veloc... | Boundary friction | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 235 | [
"Mechanical phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Force",
"Friction",
"Physical quantities",
"Classical mechanics stubs",
"Classical mechanics",
"Surface science"
] |
34,858,148 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChIP-exo | ChIP-exo is a chromatin immunoprecipitation based method for mapping the locations at which a protein of interest (transcription factor) binds to the genome. It is a modification of the ChIP-seq protocol, improving the resolution of binding sites from hundreds of base pairs to almost one base pair. It employs the use o... | ChIP-exo | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 1,429 | [
"Biochemistry methods",
"Biological engineering",
"Protein methods",
"Protein biochemistry",
"Bioinformatics",
"Molecular biology techniques",
"DNA sequencing",
"Molecular biology",
"Biochemistry"
] |
34,861,007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human%20Proteome%20Project | The Human Proteome Project (HPP) is a collaborative effort coordinated by the Human Proteome Organization. Its stated goal is to experimentally observe all of the proteins produced by the sequences translated from the human genome.
History
The Human Proteome Organization has served as a coordinating body for many long... | Human Proteome Project | [
"Biology"
] | 595 | [
"Human genome projects",
"Genome projects"
] |
34,864,314 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roderich%20Moessner | Roderich Moessner is a theoretical physicist at the Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems in Dresden, Germany. His research interests are in condensed matter and materials physics, especially concerning new and topological forms of order, as well as the study of classical and quantum many-body dynamic... | Roderich Moessner | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science"
] | 960 | [
"Condensed matter physicists",
"Condensed matter physics"
] |
34,865,455 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coxeter%20complex | In mathematics, the Coxeter complex, named after H. S. M. Coxeter, is a geometrical structure (a simplicial complex) associated to a Coxeter group. Coxeter complexes are the basic objects that allow the construction of buildings; they form the apartments of a building.
Construction
The canonical linear representation... | Coxeter complex | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 920 | [
"Mathematical structures",
"Geometric group theory",
"Group actions",
"Mathematical objects",
"Combinatorics",
"Group theory",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Algebraic combinatorics",
"Symmetry"
] |
26,086,853 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-adic%20Hodge%20theory | In mathematics, p-adic Hodge theory is a theory that provides a way to classify and study p-adic Galois representations of characteristic 0 local fields with residual characteristic p (such as Qp). The theory has its beginnings in Jean-Pierre Serre and John Tate's study of Tate modules of abelian varieties and the noti... | P-adic Hodge theory | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 1,793 | [
"Tensors",
"Hodge theory",
"Arithmetic geometry",
"Differential forms",
"Algebraic number theory",
"Number theory"
] |
26,090,437 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C9H11N5O3 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C9H11N5O3}}
The molecular formula C9H11N5O3 (molar mass: 237.21 g/mol, exact mass: 237.0862 u) may refer to:
Biopterin
Dyspropterin
Sepiapterin
Molecular formulas | C9H11N5O3 | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 70 | [
"Molecules",
"Set index articles on molecular formulas",
"Isomerism",
"Molecular formulas",
"Matter"
] |
35,955,101 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloch%E2%80%93Gr%C3%BCneisen%20temperature | For typical three-dimensional metals, the temperature-dependence of the electrical resistivity ρ(T) due to the scattering of electrons by acoustic phonons changes from a high-temperature regime in which ρ ∝ T to a low-temperature regime in which ρ ∝ T5 at a characteristic temperature known as the Debye temperature. For... | Bloch–Grüneisen temperature | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Mathematics"
] | 529 | [
"Scalar physical quantities",
"Thermodynamic properties",
"Temperature",
"Physical quantities",
"Nuclear physics",
"SI base quantities",
"Intensive quantities",
"Quantity",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Scattering",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Thermodynamics",
"Particle physics",
"Nanoelectronics... |
35,962,051 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder%20Scott | Ryder Scott Company is a petroleum consulting firm based in Houston, Texas, United States. The firm independently estimates oil and gas reserves, future production profiles and cashflow economics, including discounted net present values. It assess oil reserves and evaluates oil and gas properties.
History
The company ... | Ryder Scott | [
"Chemistry"
] | 166 | [
"Petroleum industry",
"Petroleum",
"Chemical process engineering"
] |
35,962,306 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekka%20Pyykk%C3%B6 | Veli Pekka Pyykkö (born 12 October 1941) is a Finnish academic. He was professor of Chemistry at the University of Helsinki. From 2009–2012, he was the chairman of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science. He is known for his extension to the periodic table of elements, known as the Pyykkö model.
Pyykkö ... | Pekka Pyykkö | [
"Chemistry"
] | 308 | [
"Periodic table",
"People involved with the periodic table",
"Computational chemists",
"Computational chemistry",
"Theoretical chemists"
] |
27,965,042 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biologics%20license%20application | A biologics license application (BLA) is defined by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as follows:
The biologics license application is a request for permission to introduce, or deliver for introduction, a biologic product into interstate commerce (21 CFR 601.2). The BLA is regulated under 21 CFR 600 – 680. ... | Biologics license application | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 340 | [
"Biotechnology products",
"Drug safety"
] |
27,967,673 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear%20resonance%20fluorescence | Nuclear resonance fluorescence (NRF) is a nuclear process in which a nucleus absorbs and emits high-energy photons called gamma rays. NRF interactions typically take place above 1 MeV, and most NRF experiments target heavy nuclei such as uranium and thorium
This process is used for scanning cargo for contraband. Its f... | Nuclear resonance fluorescence | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 445 | [
"Luminescence",
"Fluorescence",
"Nuclear physics"
] |
27,969,423 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzylic%20activation%20in%20tricarbonyl%28arene%29chromium%20complexes | Benzylic activation in tricarbonyl(arene)chromium complexes refers to the reactions at the benzylic position of aromatic rings complexed to chromium(0). Complexation of an aromatic ring to chromium stabilizes both anions and cations at the benzylic position and provides a steric blocking element for diastereoselective ... | Benzylic activation in tricarbonyl(arene)chromium complexes | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,064 | [
"Organic reactions"
] |
27,970,912 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matching%20preclusion | In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, the matching preclusion number of a graph G (denoted mp(G)) is the minimum number of edges whose deletion results in the elimination of all perfect matchings or near-perfect matchings (matchings that cover all but one vertex in a graph with an odd number of vertices). Matching ... | Matching preclusion | [
"Mathematics"
] | 374 | [
"Graph theory stubs",
"Graph theory",
"Graph invariants",
"Mathematical relations",
"Matching (graph theory)"
] |
27,972,374 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture%20of%20Baku | The architecture of Baku is not characterized by any particular architectural style, having accumulated its buildings over a long period of time.
In itself, Baku contains a wide variety of styles, progressing through Masud Ibn Davud's 12th century Maiden Tower and the educational institutions and buildings of the Russ... | Architecture of Baku | [
"Engineering"
] | 2,405 | [
"Architecture by city",
"Architecture"
] |
27,972,796 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Erd%C5%91s%20Prize | The Paul Erdős Prize (formerly Mathematical Prize) is given to Hungarian mathematicians not older than 40 by the Mathematics Department of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. It was established and originally funded by Paul Erdős.
Awardees
See also
List of mathematics awards
Sources
The list on the homepage of the ... | Paul Erdős Prize | [
"Technology"
] | 73 | [
"Science and technology awards",
"Mathematics awards"
] |
30,805,871 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iofetamine%20%28123I%29 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:Iofetamine (123I)}}
Iofetamine (iodine-123, 123I), brand names Perfusamine, SPECTamine), or N-isopropyl-(123I)-p-iodoamphetamine (IMP), is a lipid-soluble amine and radiopharmaceutical drug used in cerebral blood perfusion imaging with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Labeled with the... | Iofetamine (123I) | [
"Chemistry"
] | 392 | [
"Chemicals in medicine",
"Radiopharmaceuticals",
"Medicinal radiochemistry"
] |
30,806,891 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium%20yeast | Selenium yeast is a feed additive for livestock, used to increase the selenium content in their fodder. It is a form of selenium currently approved for human consumption in the EU and Britain. Inorganic forms of selenium are used in feeds (namely sodium selenate and sodium selenite, which appear to work in roughly the ... | Selenium yeast | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,189 | [
"Pharmacology",
"Fungi",
"Properties of chemical elements",
"Biology and pharmacology of chemical elements",
"Yeasts",
"Biochemistry"
] |
30,810,530 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Baker%20%28scientist%29 | Robert Baker, FREng, FIMMM (1938–2004) was a British metallurgist and steelmaker.
Baker was born Handsworth, Sheffield, England, attended Woodhouse Grammar School and graduated with an honours degree in metallurgy from the University of Sheffield in 1960. He stayed on to conduct research on the use of a stabilised zir... | Robert Baker (scientist) | [
"Chemistry"
] | 254 | [
"Metallurgical processes",
"Bessemer Gold Medal",
"Steelmaking",
"Chemical engineering awards"
] |
30,810,934 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave%20method | In fluid dynamics, the wave method (WM), or wave characteristic method (WCM), is a model describing unsteady flow of fluids in conduits (pipes).
Details of model
The wave method is based on the physically accurate concept that transient pipe flow occurs as a result of pressure waves generated and propagated from a dis... | Wave method | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 291 | [
"Hydrology",
"Chemical engineering",
"Physical systems",
"Hydraulics",
"Civil engineering",
"Piping",
"Hydraulic engineering",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
21,707,790 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robovirus | A robovirus is a zoonotic virus that is transmitted by a rodent vector (i.e., rodent borne).
Roboviruses mainly belong to the virus families Arenaviridae and Hantaviridae. Like arbovirus (arthropod borne) and tibovirus (tick borne) the name refers to its method of transmission, known as its vector. This is distingui... | Robovirus | [
"Biology"
] | 710 | [
"Viruses",
"Tree of life (biology)",
"Microorganisms"
] |
21,708,896 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Still%20engine | The Still engine was a piston engine that simultaneously used both steam power from an external boiler, and internal combustion from gasoline or diesel, in the same unit. The waste heat from the cylinder and internal combustion exhaust was directed to the steam boiler, resulting in claimed fuel savings of up to 10%.
H... | Still engine | [
"Engineering"
] | 628 | [
"Marine propulsion",
"Marine engineering"
] |
21,710,054 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polychloro%20phenoxy%20phenol | Polychloro phenoxy phenols (polychlorinated phenoxy phenols, PCPPs) are a group of organic polyhalogenated compounds. Among them include triclosan and predioxin which can degrade to produce certains types of dioxins and furans. Notably, however, the particular dioxin formed by degradation of triclosan, 2,8-DCDD, was ... | Polychloro phenoxy phenol | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 117 | [
"Combustion engineering",
"Incineration",
"Functional groups",
"Organic compounds",
"Ethers"
] |
21,715,204 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High%20water%20mark | A high water mark is a point that represents the maximum rise of a body of water over land. Such a mark is often the result of a flood, but high water marks may reflect an all-time high, an annual high (highest level to which water rose that year) or the high point for some other division of time. Knowledge of the high... | High water mark | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 916 | [
"Vertical position",
"Hydrology",
"Physical quantities",
"Distance",
"Wetlands",
"Surveying",
"Civil engineering",
"Environmental engineering",
"Lakes",
"Riparian zone"
] |
43,069,026 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle%20Physics%20Project%20Prioritization%20Panel | The Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5) is a scientific advisory panel tasked with recommending plans for U.S. investment in particle physics research over the next ten years, on the basis of various funding scenarios. The P5 is a temporary subcommittee of the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel (HEPAP), ... | Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel | [
"Physics"
] | 3,465 | [
"Experimental physics",
"Particle physics",
"Experimental particle physics"
] |
31,773,395 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus%20pentaiodide | Phosphorus pentaiodide is a hypothetical inorganic compound with formula . The existence of this compound has been claimed intermittently since the early 1900s. The claim is disputed: "The pentaiodide does not exist (except perhaps as , but certainly not as ...)".
Claims
Phosphorus pentaiodide was reported to be a bro... | Phosphorus pentaiodide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 240 | [
"Inorganic compounds",
"Theoretical chemistry stubs",
"Hypotheses in chemistry",
"Inorganic compound stubs",
"Theoretical chemistry",
"Hypothetical chemical compounds"
] |
31,774,509 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiocarboxylic%20acid | In organic chemistry, thiocarboxylic acids or carbothioic acids are organosulfur compounds related to carboxylic acids by replacement of one of the oxygen atoms with a sulfur atom. Two tautomers are possible: a thione form () and a thiol form (). These are sometimes also referred to as "carbothioic O-acid" and "carboth... | Thiocarboxylic acid | [
"Chemistry"
] | 757 | [
"Functional groups"
] |
5,348,452 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasi-perfect%20equilibrium | Quasi-perfect equilibrium is a refinement of Nash Equilibrium for extensive form games due to Eric van Damme.
Informally, a player playing by a strategy from a quasi-perfect equilibrium takes observed as well as potential future mistakes of his opponents into account but assumes that he himself will not make a mistak... | Quasi-perfect equilibrium | [
"Mathematics"
] | 471 | [
"Game theory",
"Game theory equilibrium concepts"
] |
5,348,493 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary%20treatment | Secondary treatment (mostly biological wastewater treatment) is the removal of biodegradable organic matter (in solution or suspension) from sewage or similar kinds of wastewater. The aim is to achieve a certain degree of effluent quality in a sewage treatment plant suitable for the intended disposal or reuse option. A... | Secondary treatment | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology",
"Environmental_science"
] | 3,252 | [
"Water treatment",
"Chemical engineering",
"Sewerage infrastructure",
"Pollution control technologies",
"Water pollution",
"Sewerage",
"Civil engineering",
"Ecosystems",
"Environmental engineering",
"Aquatic ecology"
] |
5,349,853 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibbs%20isotherm | The Gibbs adsorption isotherm for multicomponent systems is an equation used to relate the changes in concentration of a component in contact with a surface with changes in the surface tension, which results in a corresponding change in surface energy. For a binary system, the Gibbs adsorption equation in terms of surf... | Gibbs isotherm | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 2,238 | [
"Condensed matter physics",
"Surface science"
] |
5,350,008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steroidogenic%20acute%20regulatory%20protein | The steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, commonly referred to as StAR (STARD1), is a transport protein that regulates cholesterol transfer within the mitochondria, which is the rate-limiting step in the production of steroid hormones. It is primarily present in steroid-producing cells, including theca cells and lut... | Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,567 | [
"Steroid hormone biosynthesis",
"Biosynthesis"
] |
5,350,337 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron%20pipe%20size | Iron Pipe Size (IPS or I.P.S.) pipe sizing system based on the inside diameter (ID) of pipe. It was widely used from the early 19th century to the mid 20th century and is still in use by some industries, including major PVC pipe manufacturers, as well as for some legacy drawings and equipment.
The iron pipe size stand... | Iron pipe size | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 421 | [
"Mechanical standards",
"Building engineering",
"Chemical engineering",
"Mechanical engineering",
"Piping"
] |
5,351,223 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinch%20%28plasma%20physics%29 | A pinch (or: Bennett pinch (after Willard Harrison Bennett), electromagnetic pinch, magnetic pinch, pinch effect, or plasma pinch.) is the compression of an electrically conducting filament by magnetic forces, or a device that does such. The conductor is usually a plasma, but could also be a solid or liquid metal. Pinc... | Pinch (plasma physics) | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 3,116 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Plasma physics",
"Plasma phenomena",
"Fusion power",
"Nuclear fusion"
] |
5,351,436 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbulence%20kinetic%20energy | In fluid dynamics, turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) is the mean kinetic energy per unit mass associated with eddies in turbulent flow. Physically, the turbulence kinetic energy is characterized by measured root-mean-square (RMS) velocity fluctuations. In the Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes equations, the turbulence kine... | Turbulence kinetic energy | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 900 | [
"Turbulence",
"Physical quantities",
"Computational fluid dynamics",
"Quantity",
"Computational physics",
"Energy (physics)",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
5,353,216 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential%20variational%20inequality | In mathematics, a differential variational inequality (DVI) is a dynamical system that incorporates ordinary differential equations and variational inequalities or complementarity problems.
DVIs are useful for representing models involving both dynamics and inequality constraints. Examples of such problems include, f... | Differential variational inequality | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,078 | [
"Mechanics",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
5,353,485 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thallium%20azide | Thallium azide, , is a yellow-brown crystalline solid poorly soluble in water. Although it is not nearly as sensitive to shock or friction as lead azide, it can easily be detonated by a flame or spark. It can be stored safely dry in a closed non-metallic container.
Preparation and structure
Thallium azide can be prepa... | Thallium azide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 188 | [
"Explosive chemicals",
"Azides"
] |
1,481,059 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesamex | Sesamex, also called sesoxane, is an organic compound used as an adjuvant for synergy; that is, it enhances the potency of pesticides such pyrethrins and pyrethroids, but is itself not a pesticide.
Solubility
Sesamex is soluble in kerosene, freon 11, and freon 12.
References
Insecticides
Benzodioxoles
Phenol ethers | Sesamex | [
"Chemistry"
] | 92 | [] |
1,481,906 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14-3-3%20protein | 14-3-3 proteins are a family of conserved regulatory molecules that are expressed in all eukaryotic cells. 14-3-3 proteins have the ability to bind a multitude of functionally diverse signaling proteins, including kinases, phosphatases, and transmembrane receptors. More than 200 signaling proteins have been reported as... | 14-3-3 protein | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,105 | [
"Protein classification",
"Signal transduction",
"Senescence",
"Protein families",
"Programmed cell death"
] |
1,482,061 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bekenstein%20bound | In physics, the Bekenstein bound (named after Jacob Bekenstein) is an upper limit on the thermodynamic entropy S, or Shannon entropy H, that can be contained within a given finite region of space which has a finite amount of energy—or conversely, the maximum amount of information required to perfectly describe a given ... | Bekenstein bound | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 1,237 | [
"Black holes",
"Physical phenomena",
"Physical quantities",
"Statistical mechanics",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Astrophysics",
"Thermodynamic entropy",
"Entropy",
"Density",
"Stellar phenomena",
"Astronomical objects",
"Limits of computation"
] |
1,482,218 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total%20relation | In mathematics, a binary relation R ⊆ X×Y between two sets X and Y is total (or left total) if the source set X equals the domain {x : there is a y with xRy }. Conversely, R is called right total if Y equals the range {y : there is an x with xRy }.
When f: X → Y is a function, the domain of f is all of X, hence f is a... | Total relation | [
"Mathematics"
] | 359 | [
"Properties of binary relations",
"Mathematical relations",
"Binary relations"
] |
1,482,326 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Term%20symbol | In atomic physics, a term symbol is an abbreviated description of the total spin and orbital angular momentum quantum numbers of the electrons in a multi-electron atom. So while the word symbol suggests otherwise, it represents an actual value of a physical quantity.
For a given electron configuration of an atom, its ... | Term symbol | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 4,878 | [
"Quantum chemistry",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Theoretical chemistry",
"Atomic physics",
" molecular",
"nan",
"Atomic",
" and optical physics"
] |
1,482,581 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eudialyte | Eudialyte, whose name derives from the Greek phrase , , meaning "well decomposable", is a somewhat rare, nine-member-ring cyclosilicate mineral, which forms in alkaline igneous rocks, such as nepheline syenites. Its name alludes to its ready solubility in acid.
Eudialyte was first described in 1819 for an occurrence i... | Eudialyte | [
"Physics"
] | 670 | [
"Materials",
"Gemstones",
"Matter"
] |
1,483,291 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work%20%28electric%20field%29 | Electric field work is the work performed by an electric field on a charged particle in its vicinity. The particle located experiences an interaction with the electric field. The work per unit of charge is defined by moving a negligible test charge between two points, and is expressed as the difference in electric pote... | Work (electric field) | [
"Physics"
] | 760 | [
"Electromagnetism",
"Physical phenomena",
"Fundamental interactions"
] |
1,483,407 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Host%20Identity%20Protocol | The Host Identity Protocol (HIP) is a host identification technology for use on Internet Protocol (IP) networks, such as the Internet. The Internet has two main name spaces, IP addresses and the Domain Name System. HIP separates the end-point identifier and locator roles of IP addresses. It introduces a Host Identity (... | Host Identity Protocol | [
"Engineering"
] | 913 | [
"Cybersecurity engineering",
"Computer networks engineering",
"Computer network security"
] |
33,311,026 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoside%20hydrolase%20family%2057 | In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 57 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Glycoside hydrolases are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolase... | Glycoside hydrolase family 57 | [
"Biology"
] | 265 | [
"Protein domains",
"Protein classification"
] |
33,312,058 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoside%20hydrolase%20family%2080 | In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 80 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Glycoside hydrolases are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolase... | Glycoside hydrolase family 80 | [
"Biology"
] | 179 | [
"Protein families",
"Protein classification"
] |
33,312,550 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoside%20hydrolase%20family%2044 | In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 44 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Glycoside hydrolases are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolase... | Glycoside hydrolase family 44 | [
"Biology"
] | 260 | [
"Protein families",
"Protein classification"
] |
33,314,617 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation%20sensitivity | Radiation sensitivity is the susceptibility of a material to physical or chemical changes induced by radiation. Examples of radiation sensitive materials are silver chloride, photoresists and biomaterials. Pine trees are more radiation susceptible than birch due to the complexity of the pine DNA in comparison to the bi... | Radiation sensitivity | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 221 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Materials science",
"Radiation",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Radiation effects"
] |
33,316,056 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icosahedrite | Icosahedrite is the first known naturally occurring quasicrystal phase. It has the composition Al63Cu24Fe13 and is a mineral approved by the International Mineralogical Association in 2010. Its discovery followed a 10-year-long systematic search by an international team of scientists led by Luca Bindi and Paul J. Stein... | Icosahedrite | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 415 | [
"Copper alloys",
"Tessellation",
"Aluminium alloys",
"Crystallography",
"Alloys",
"Quasicrystals",
"Symmetry"
] |
33,320,313 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligocrystalline%20material | Oligocrystalline material owns a microstructure consisting of a few coarse grains, often columnar and parallel to the longitudinal ingot axis. This microstructure can be found in the ingots produced by electron beam melting (EBM).
References
Crystallography | Oligocrystalline material | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 60 | [
"Crystallography",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Materials science"
] |
33,320,954 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysophosphatidylethanolamine | A lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) is a chemical compound derived from a phosphatidylethanolamine, which is typical of cell membranes. LPE results from partial hydrolysis of phosphatidylethanolamine, which removes one of the fatty acid groups. The hydrolysis is generally the result of the enzymatic action of phosphol... | Lysophosphatidylethanolamine | [
"Chemistry"
] | 780 | [
"Phospholipids",
"Signal transduction"
] |
3,983,509 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effect%20of%20Sun%20angle%20on%20climate | The amount of heat energy received at any location on the globe is a direct effect of Sun angle on climate, as the angle at which sunlight strikes Earth varies by location, time of day, and season due to Earth's orbit around the Sun and Earth's rotation around its tilted axis. Seasonal change in the angle of sunlight, ... | Effect of Sun angle on climate | [
"Physics"
] | 887 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Earth phenomena",
"Seasons"
] |
3,984,093 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramelteon | Ramelteon, sold under the brand name Rozerem among others, is a melatonin agonist medication which is used in the treatment of insomnia. It is indicated specifically for the treatment of insomnia characterized by difficulties with sleep onset. It reduces the time taken to fall asleep, but the degree of clinical benefit... | Ramelteon | [
"Chemistry"
] | 2,906 | [
"Melatonin receptor agonists",
"Drug discovery"
] |
3,984,582 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized%20tree%20alignment | In computational phylogenetics, generalized tree alignment is the problem of producing a multiple sequence alignment and a phylogenetic tree on a set of sequences simultaneously, as opposed to separately.
Formally, Generalized tree alignment is the following optimization problem.
Input: A set and an edit distance fu... | Generalized tree alignment | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 114 | [
"Genetics techniques",
"Computational phylogenetics",
"Bioinformatics stubs",
"Biotechnology stubs",
"Biochemistry stubs",
"Bioinformatics",
"Phylogenetics"
] |
3,984,833 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripple%20%28electrical%29 | Ripple (specifically ripple voltage) in electronics is the residual periodic variation of the DC voltage within a power supply which has been derived from an alternating current (AC) source. This ripple is due to incomplete suppression of the alternating waveform after rectification. Ripple voltage originates as the ... | Ripple (electrical) | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 3,519 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Physical quantities",
"Filter theory",
"Power (physics)",
"Electric power",
"Electrical engineering"
] |
3,985,322 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave%E2%80%93particle%20duality%20relation | The wave–particle duality relation, also called the Englert–Greenberger–Yasin duality relation, or the Englert–Greenberger relation, relates the visibility, , of interference fringes with the definiteness, or distinguishability, , of the photons' paths in quantum optics. As an inequality:
Although it is treated as a s... | Wave–particle duality relation | [
"Physics"
] | 1,605 | [
"Quantum optics",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
3,986,055 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unimate | Unimate was the first industrial robot,
which worked on a General Motors assembly line at the Inland Fisher Guide Plant in Ewing Township, New Jersey, in 1961. There were in fact a family of robots.
History
It was invented by George Devol in the 1950s using his original patent filed in 1954 and granted in 1961 (). Th... | Unimate | [
"Engineering"
] | 779 | [
"Industrial robots"
] |
3,986,613 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfect%20phylogeny | Perfect phylogeny is a term used in computational phylogenetics to denote a phylogenetic tree in which all internal nodes may be labeled such that all characters evolve down the tree without homoplasy. That is, characteristics do not hold to evolutionary convergence, and do not have analogous structures. Statistically... | Perfect phylogeny | [
"Biology"
] | 1,184 | [
"Bioinformatics",
"Phylogenetics",
"Computational phylogenetics",
"Genetics techniques"
] |
3,988,708 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrhenotoky | Arrhenotoky (from Greek ἄρρην árrhēn "male" and τόκος tókos "birth"), also known as arrhenotokous parthenogenesis, is a form of parthenogenesis in which unfertilized eggs develop into males. In most cases, parthenogenesis produces exclusively female offspring, hence the distinction.
Overview
The set of processes inclu... | Arrhenotoky | [
"Biology"
] | 486 | [
"Reproduction in animals",
"Behavior",
"Reproduction",
"Sex-determination systems",
"Sex",
"Asexual reproduction"
] |
3,990,198 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiler%20feedwater%20pump | A boiler feedwater pump is a specific type of pump used to pump feedwater into a steam boiler. The water may be freshly supplied or returning condensate produced as a result of the condensation of the steam produced by the boiler. These pumps are normally high pressure units that take suction from a condensate return s... | Boiler feedwater pump | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 573 | [
"Pumps",
"Turbomachinery",
"Chemical engineering",
"Physical systems",
"Hydraulics",
"Piping",
"Boilers",
"Pressure vessels",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
38,824,010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxicological%20Sciences | Toxicological Sciences is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal which covers all aspects of research on toxicology. It is published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. It was established in 1981 as Fundamental and Applied Toxicology and obtained its current name in 1998. The current ... | Toxicological Sciences | [
"Environmental_science"
] | 245 | [
"Toxicology journals",
"Toxicology"
] |
37,384,533 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE%20P1906.1 | The IEEE P1906.1 - Recommended Practice for Nanoscale and Molecular Communication Framework is a standards working group sponsored by the IEEE Communications Society Standards Development Board whose goal is to develop a common framework for nanoscale and molecular communication. Because this is an emerging technology,... | IEEE P1906.1 | [
"Materials_science",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,314 | [
"Computer networking",
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Computer engineering",
"Computer standards",
"Materials science",
"Computer science",
"Nanotechnology",
"Electrical engineering",
"IEEE standards"
] |
37,386,981 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phyllis%20Clinch | Phyllis E. M. Clinch (12 September 1901 – 19 October 1984) was an Irish botanist most recognised for her work in the field of plant viruses.
Clinch attained her undergraduate degree from University College Dublin in 1923 with a first class honours in botany and chemistry. She was then awarded a scholarship and continu... | Phyllis Clinch | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,085 | [
"Biochemists",
"Women biochemists"
] |
37,387,014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voclosporin | Voclosporin, sold under the brand name Lupkynis, is a calcineurin inhibitor used as an immunosuppressant medication for the treatment of lupus nephritis. It is an analog of ciclosporin that has enhanced action against calcineurin and greater metabolic stability.
It was approved for medical use in the United States in ... | Voclosporin | [
"Chemistry"
] | 2,726 | [
"Biomolecules by chemical classification",
"Peptides",
"Molecular biology"
] |
37,389,962 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporation%20suppressing%20monolayers | Evaporation suppressing monolayers are materials that when applied to the air/water interface, will spread (or self-assemble) and form a thin film across the surface of the water. The purpose of these materials is to reduce evaporative water loss from dams and reservoirs.
Mechanism
The specific mechanism that underl... | Evaporation suppressing monolayers | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 828 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Materials science",
"nan",
"Nanotechnology",
"Planes (geometry)",
"Physical chemistry",
"Thin films"
] |
37,390,382 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plectania%20rhytidia | Plectania rhytidia is a species of fungus in the family Sarcosomataceae. Originally described under the name Peziza rhytidia by Miles Joseph Berkeley in 1855, the species was transferred to Plectania by mycologists John Axel Nannfeldt and Richard Korf in 1957.
References
External links
Pezizales
Fungi described in 1... | Plectania rhytidia | [
"Biology"
] | 97 | [
"Fungi",
"Fungus species"
] |
23,207,677 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elenolic%20acid | Elenolic acid is a component of olive oil, olive infusion and olive leaf extract. It can be considered as a marker for maturation of olives.
Oleuropein, a chemical compound found in olive leaf from the olive tree, together with other closely related compounds such as 10-hydroxyoleuropein, ligstroside and 10-hydroxyli... | Elenolic acid | [
"Chemistry"
] | 124 | [
"Carboxylic acids",
"Functional groups"
] |
23,208,230 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meter%20data%20management | Meter data management (MDM) refers to software that performs long-term data storage and management for the vast quantities of data delivered by smart metering systems. This data consists primarily of usage data and events that are imported from the head-end servers managing the data collection in advanced metering inf... | Meter data management | [
"Chemistry",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 568 | [
"Measuring instruments",
"Flow meters",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
23,209,317 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warm%20core%20ring | A warm core ring is a type of mesoscale eddy which forms and breaks off from an ocean current, such as the Gulf Stream or the Kuroshio Current. The ring is an independent circulatory system of warm water that can persist for several months before losing its distinctive identity. Warm core rings can be detected using in... | Warm core ring | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,157 | [
"Ocean currents",
"Physical phenomena",
"Weather",
"Weather events",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
23,210,252 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear%20power%20proposed%20as%20renewable%20energy | Whether nuclear power should be considered a form of renewable energy is an ongoing subject of debate. Statutory definitions of renewable energy usually exclude many present nuclear energy technologies, with the notable exception of the state of Utah. Dictionary-sourced definitions of renewable energy technologies ofte... | Nuclear power proposed as renewable energy | [
"Physics"
] | 2,118 | [
"Power (physics)",
"Physical quantities",
"Nuclear power"
] |
23,214,113 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian%20M%C3%B8ller | Christian Møller (22 December 1904, Hundslev, Als14 January 1980, Ordrup) was a Danish chemist and physicist who made fundamental contributions to the theory of relativity, theory of gravitation and quantum chemistry. He is known for Møller–Plesset perturbation theory and Møller scattering.
His suggestion in 1938 to O... | Christian Møller | [
"Physics"
] | 567 | [
"Quantum mechanics",
"Quantum physicists",
"Relativity theorists",
"Theory of relativity"
] |
23,215,561 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram%20per%20cubic%20centimetre | The gram per cubic centimetre is a unit of density in the CGS system, and is commonly used in chemistry. It is defined by dividing the CGS unit of mass, the gram, by the CGS unit of volume, the cubic centimetre. The official SI symbols are g/cm3, g·cm−3, or g cm−3. It is equivalent to the units gram per millilitre (g/m... | Gram per cubic centimetre | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 232 | [
"Physical quantities",
"Units of density",
"Quantity",
"Chemical quantities",
"Density",
"Units of chemical measurement",
"Units of measurement"
] |
23,216,258 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log%20sum%20inequality | The log sum inequality is used for proving theorems in information theory.
Statement
Let and be nonnegative numbers. Denote the sum of all s by and the sum of all s by . The log sum inequality states that
with equality if and only if are equal for all , in other words for all .
(Take to be if and if . The... | Log sum inequality | [
"Mathematics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 391 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Applied mathematics",
"Binary relations",
"Computer science",
"Information theory",
"Mathematical relations",
"Inequalities (mathematics)",
"Mathematical problems",
"Articles containing proofs",
"Mathematical theorems"
] |
29,320,146 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event%20horizon | In astrophysics, an event horizon is a boundary beyond which events cannot affect an outside observer. Wolfgang Rindler coined the term in the 1950s.
In 1784, John Michell proposed that gravity can be strong enough in the vicinity of massive compact objects that even light cannot escape. At that time, the Newtonian th... | Event horizon | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 3,170 | [
"Black holes",
"Physical phenomena",
"Concepts in astrophysics",
"Physical quantities",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Astrophysics",
"General relativity",
"Density",
"Theory of relativity",
"Stellar phenomena",
"Astronomical objects"
] |
29,321,988 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short%20supermultiplet | In theoretical physics, a short supermultiplet is a supermultiplet i.e. a representation of the supersymmetry algebra whose dimension is smaller than where is the number of real supercharges. The representations that saturate the bound are known as the long supermultiplets.
The states in a long supermultiplet may be... | Short supermultiplet | [
"Physics"
] | 220 | [
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Quantum physics stubs",
"Physics beyond the Standard Model",
"Supersymmetry",
"Symmetry"
] |
24,693,669 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanum%20barium%20copper%20oxide | Lanthanum barium copper oxide, or LBCO, is an inorganic compound with the formula CuBa0.15La1.85O4. It is a black solid produced by heating an intimate mixture of barium oxide, copper(II) oxide, and lanthanum oxide in the presence of oxygen. The material was discovered in 1986 and was the first high temperature superc... | Lanthanum barium copper oxide | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 317 | [
"Materials science stubs",
"Oxides",
"Salts",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Condensed matter stubs"
] |
24,698,826 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reprocessed%20uranium | Reprocessed uranium (RepU) is the uranium recovered from nuclear reprocessing, as done commercially in France, the UK and Japan and by nuclear weapons states' military plutonium production programs. This uranium makes up the bulk of the material separated during reprocessing.
Commercial LWR spent nuclear fuel contain... | Reprocessed uranium | [
"Physics"
] | 854 | [
"Materials",
"Nuclear materials",
"Matter"
] |
44,529,150 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multirate%20filter%20bank%20and%20multidimensional%20directional%20filter%20banks | This article provides a short survey of the concepts, principles and applications of Multirate filter banks and Multidimensional Directional filter banks.
Multirate systems
Linear time-invariant systems typically operate at a single sampling rate, which means that we have the same sampling rate at input and output. In... | Multirate filter bank and multidimensional directional filter banks | [
"Engineering"
] | 4,135 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Filter theory"
] |
44,532,469 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite%20volume%20method%20for%20two%20dimensional%20diffusion%20problem | The methods used for solving two dimensional Diffusion problems are similar to those used for one dimensional problems. The general equation for steady diffusion can be easily derived from the general transport equation for property Φ by deleting transient and convective terms
where,
is the Diffusion coefficient and ... | Finite volume method for two dimensional diffusion problem | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 796 | [
"Computational fluid dynamics",
"Fluid dynamics",
"Computational physics"
] |
44,535,093 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir%20Kadyshevsky | Vladimir Kadyshevsky (5 May 1937 – 24 September 2014) was a Russian theoretical physicist.
Biography
Kadyshevsky was born on 5 May 1937 in Moscow. He studied at the Suvorov Military School in Sverdlovsk from 1946 to 1954, before entering the physics department of the Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU).
He gradu... | Vladimir Kadyshevsky | [
"Physics"
] | 296 | [
"Particle physicists",
"Particle physics"
] |
34,868,725 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EXOC3L2 | Exocyst complex component 3-like 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EXOC3L2 gene.
The EXOC3L2 protein has been shown to interact with EXOC4 that is a component of the exocyst complex involved exocytosis and more specifically in the targeting of exocytic vesicles to the cell membrane.
The exocyst complex ... | EXOC3L2 | [
"Chemistry"
] | 173 | [
"Biomolecules by chemical classification",
"Proteins",
"Molecular biology"
] |
34,869,196 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porod%27s%20law | In X-ray or neutron small-angle scattering (SAS), Porod's law, discovered by Günther Porod, describes the asymptote of the scattering intensity I(q) for large scattering wavenumbers q.
Context
Porod's law is concerned with wave numbers q that are small compared to the scale of usual Bragg diffraction; typically . In... | Porod's law | [
"Chemistry"
] | 601 | [
"X-ray scattering",
"Scattering",
"Neutron scattering"
] |
34,870,612 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GcMAF | GcMAF (or Gc protein-derived macrophage activating factor) is a protein produced by modification of vitamin D-binding protein. It has been falsely promoted as a treatment for various medical conditions, but claims of its benefits are not supported by evidence.
Biochemically, GcMAF results from sequential deglycosylati... | GcMAF | [
"Chemistry"
] | 695 | [
"Cytokines",
"Signal transduction"
] |
34,870,634 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slotted%20angle | Slotted angle (also sometimes referred to as slotted angle iron) is a system of reusable metal strips used to construct shelving, frames, work benches, equipment stands and other structures. The name derives, first, from the use of elongated slots punched into the metal at uniform intervals to enable assembly of struct... | Slotted angle | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 352 | [
"Building engineering",
"Construction",
"Materials",
"Building materials",
"Matter",
"Architecture"
] |
34,871,920 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labelled%20enumeration%20theorem | In combinatorial mathematics, the labelled enumeration theorem is the counterpart of the Pólya enumeration theorem for the labelled case, where we have a set of labelled objects given by an exponential generating function (EGF) g(z) which are being distributed into n slots and a permutation group G which permutes the s... | Labelled enumeration theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 760 | [
"Theorems in combinatorics",
"Enumerative combinatorics",
"Combinatorics",
"Theorems in discrete mathematics",
"Articles containing proofs"
] |
34,873,594 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsphere%20%28polyhedra%29 | In geometry, the exsphere of a face of a regular polyhedron is the sphere outside the polyhedron which touches the face and the planes defined by extending the adjacent faces outwards. It is tangent to the face externally and tangent to the adjacent faces internally.
It is the 3-dimensional equivalent of the excircle.... | Exsphere (polyhedra) | [
"Mathematics"
] | 465 | [
"Geometry"
] |
34,874,358 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isolation%20valve | An isolation valve is a valve in a fluid handling system that stops the flow of process media to a given location, usually for maintenance or safety purposes. They can also be used to provide flow logic (selecting one flow path versus another), and to connect external equipment to a system. A valve is classified as ... | Isolation valve | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 952 | [
"Hydrology",
"Building engineering",
"Chemical engineering",
"Plumbing",
"Physical systems",
"Construction",
"Valves",
"Hydraulics",
"Water industry",
"Mechanical engineering",
"Piping"
] |
34,874,546 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C20H21NO | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C20H21NO}}
The molecular formula C20H21NO (molar mass: 291.39 g/mol, exact mass: 291.1623 u) may refer to:
Butinoline (Azulone)
Cotriptyline (SD-2203-01)
Danitracen
JWH-030
PRC200-SS
Molecular formulas | C20H21NO | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 83 | [
"Molecules",
"Set index articles on molecular formulas",
"Isomerism",
"Molecular formulas",
"Matter"
] |
40,143,821 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesozoic%E2%80%93Cenozoic%20radiation | The Mesozoic–Cenozoic Radiation is the third major extended increase of biodiversity in the Phanerozoic, after the Cambrian Explosion and the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, which appeared to exceeded the equilibrium reached after the Ordovician radiation. Made known by its identification in marine invertebr... | Mesozoic–Cenozoic radiation | [
"Biology"
] | 794 | [
"Evolutionary biology",
"Biogeography"
] |
40,145,070 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders%20of%20magnitude%20%28bit%20rate%29 | An order of magnitude is generally a factor of ten. A quantity growing by four orders of magnitude implies it has grown by a factor of 10000 or 104. However, because computers are binary, orders of magnitude are sometimes given as powers of two.
This article presents a list of multiples, sorted by orders of magnitude,... | Orders of magnitude (bit rate) | [
"Mathematics"
] | 297 | [
"Quantity",
"Orders of magnitude",
"Units of measurement"
] |
40,147,217 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar%20orientation | In graph theory, a bipolar orientation or st-orientation of an undirected graph is an assignment of a direction to each edge (an orientation) that causes the graph to become a directed acyclic graph with a single source s and a single sink t, and an st-numbering of the graph is a topological ordering of the resulting d... | Bipolar orientation | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,816 | [
"Mathematical relations",
"Graph theory objects",
"Graph theory"
] |
40,150,317 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codon%20degeneracy | Degeneracy or redundancy of codons is the redundancy of the genetic code, exhibited as the multiplicity of three-base pair codon combinations that specify an amino acid. The degeneracy of the genetic code is what accounts for the existence of synonymous mutations.
Background
Degeneracy of the genetic code was identifi... | Codon degeneracy | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,018 | [
"Protein biosynthesis",
"Gene expression",
"Molecular genetics",
"Biosynthesis",
"Cellular processes",
"Molecular biology",
"Biochemistry"
] |
40,150,331 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytokine%20redundancy | Cytokine redundancy is a term in immunology referring to the phenomenon in which, and the ability of, multiple cytokines to exert similar actions. This phenomenon is largely due to multiple cytokines utilizing common receptor subunits and common intracellular cell signalling molecules/pathways. For instance, a pair of ... | Cytokine redundancy | [
"Biology"
] | 124 | [
"Immunology"
] |
40,152,905 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max%20Bernhard%20Weinstein | Max Bernhard Weinstein (1 September 1852 in Kaunas, Vilna Governorate – 25 March 1918) was a German physicist and philosopher. He is best known as an opponent of Albert Einstein's Theory of Relativity, and for having written a broad examination of various theological theories, including extensive discussion of pandeism... | Max Bernhard Weinstein | [
"Physics"
] | 1,062 | [
"Relativity critics",
"Theory of relativity"
] |
21,723,680 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input%20offset%20voltage | The input offset voltage () is a parameter defining the differential DC voltage required between the inputs of an amplifier, especially an operational amplifier (op-amp), to make the output zero (for voltage amplifiers, 0 volts with respect to ground or between differential outputs, depending on the output type).
Deta... | Input offset voltage | [
"Engineering"
] | 436 | [
"Electrical engineering",
"Electrical parameters"
] |
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