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id int64 39 79M	url stringlengths 32 168	text stringlengths 7 145k	source stringlengths 2 105	categories listlengths 1 6	token_count int64 3 32.2k	subcategories listlengths 0 27
55,498,066	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental%20bioelectricity	Developmental bioelectricity is the regulation of cell, tissue, and organ-level patterning and behavior by electrical signals during the development of embryonic animals and plants. The charge carrier in developmental bioelectricity is the ion (a charged atom) rather than the electron, and an electric current and field...	Developmental bioelectricity	[ "Physics", "Biology" ]	6,404	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Biophysics" ]
55,507,154	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solder%20fatigue	Solder fatigue is the mechanical degradation of solder due to deformation under cyclic loading. This can often occur at stress levels below the yield stress of solder as a result of repeated temperature fluctuations, mechanical vibrations, or mechanical loads. Techniques to evaluate solder fatigue behavior include fini...	Solder fatigue	[ "Materials_science", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	2,208	[ "Structural engineering", "Fracture mechanics", "Technological failures", "Materials science", "Soldering defects", "Materials degradation" ]
56,879,891	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery%20Seamounts	The Discovery Seamounts are a chain of seamounts in the Southern Atlantic Ocean, including Discovery Seamount. The seamounts are east of Gough Island and once formed islands. Various volcanic rocks as well as glacial dropstones and sediments have been dredged from the Discovery Seamounts. The Discovery Seamounts appe...	Discovery Seamounts	[ "Physics", "Environmental_science" ]	1,855	[ "Oceanography", "Hydrology", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics" ]
56,887,061	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAE%20J306	SAE J306 is a standard that defines the viscometric properties of automotive gear oils. It is maintained by SAE International. Key parameters for this standard are the kinematic viscosity of the gear oil, the maximum temperature at which the oil has a viscosity of 150,000 cP, and a measure of its shear stability throug...	SAE J306	[ "Physics" ]	91	[ "Physical phenomena", "Physical quantities", "Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities", "Viscosity", "Physical properties" ]
41,010,974	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LASNEX	LASNEX is a computer program that simulates the interactions between x-rays and a plasma, along with many effects associated with these interactions. The program is used to predict the performance of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) devices such as the Nova laser or proposed particle beam "drivers". Versions of LASNE...	LASNEX	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	897	[ "Nuclear fusion", "Nuclear physics" ]
41,015,495	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison%20of%20EM%20simulation%20software	The following table lists software packages with their own article on Wikipedia that are nominal EM (electromagnetic) simulators; References Software comparisons	Comparison of EM simulation software	[ "Technology" ]	27	[ "Software comparisons", "Computing comparisons" ]
41,017,951	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptoid%20nanosheet	In nanobiotechnology, a peptoid nanosheet is a synthetic protein structure made from peptoids. Peptoid nanosheets have a thickness of about three nanometers and a length of up to 100 micrometers, meaning that they have a two-dimensional, flat shape that resembles paper on the nanoscale. This makes them one of the thin...	Peptoid nanosheet	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	587	[ "Crystallography", "Crystals", "Structural biology", "nan", "Protein structure" ]
48,744,418	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial%20dispersion	In the physics of continuous media, spatial dispersion is usually described as a phenomenon where material parameters such as permittivity or conductivity have dependence on wavevector. Normally such a dependence is assumed to be absent for simplicity, however spatial dispersion exists to varying degrees in all materia...	Spatial dispersion	[ "Physics" ]	1,512	[ "Physical phenomena" ]
48,745,491	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exometabolomics	Exometabolomics, also known as 'metabolic footprinting', is the study of extracellular metabolites and is a sub-field of metabolomics. While the same analytical approaches used for profiling metabolites apply to exometabolomics, including liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NM...	Exometabolomics	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	1,185	[ "Cellular processes", "nan", "Biochemistry", "Metabolism", "Systems biology" ]
48,750,239	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clumped%20isotopes	Clumped isotopes are heavy isotopes that are bonded to other heavy isotopes. The relative abundance of clumped isotopes (and multiply-substituted isotopologues) in molecules such as methane, nitrous oxide, and carbonate is an area of active investigation. The carbonate clumped-isotope thermometer, or "13C–18O order/dis...	Clumped isotopes	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	2,402	[ "Isotopes of carbon", "Isotopes", "Nuclear physics", "Greenhouse gases", "Isotopes of oxygen", "Carbon dioxide" ]
48,750,901	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivlin%E2%80%93Ericksen%20tensor	A Rivlin–Ericksen temporal evolution of the strain rate tensor such that the derivative translates and rotates with the flow field. The first-order Rivlin–Ericksen is given by where is the fluid's velocity and is -th order Rivlin–Ericksen tensor. Higher-order tensor may be found iteratively by the expression Th...	Rivlin–Ericksen tensor	[ "Chemistry", "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	126	[ "Calculus", "Chemical engineering", "Piping", "Multivariable calculus", "Fluid dynamics" ]
48,751,238	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campanile%20probe	In near-field scanning optical microscopy the campanile probe is a tapered optical probe with a shape of a campanile (a square pyramid). It is made of an optically transparent dielectric, typically silica, and its two facets are coated with a metal, typically gold. At the probe tip, the metal-coated facets are separate...	Campanile probe	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	388	[ "Nanotechnology", "Scanning probe microscopy", "Microscopy" ]
39,687,960	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reversible-deactivation%20polymerization	In polymer chemistry, reversible-deactivation polymerization (RDP) is a form of polymerization propagated by chain carriers, some of which at any instant are held in a state of dormancy through an equilibrium process involving other species. An example of reversible-deactivation anionic polymerization (RDAP) is group ...	Reversible-deactivation polymerization	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	192	[ "Polymer stubs", "Organic chemistry stubs", "Materials science", "Polymer chemistry" ]
53,955,571	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse%20dynamics-based%20static%20optimization	Inverse dynamics-based static optimization is a method for estimating muscle-tendon forces from the measured (e.g. through gait analysis) kinematics of a given body part. It exploits the concepts of inverse dynamics and static optimization (in opposition to dynamic programming). Joint moments are obtained by inverse dy...	Inverse dynamics-based static optimization	[ "Physics" ]	636	[ "Physical phenomena", "Motion (physics)", "Classical mechanics", "Dynamics (mechanics)" ]
53,959,419	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vera%20W.%20de%20Spinadel	Vera Martha Winitzky de Spinadel (August 22, 1929 – January 26, 2017) was an Argentine mathematician. She was the first woman to gain a PhD in mathematics at the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, in 1958. Between 2010 and 2017, she was full Emeritus Professor in the Faculty of Architecture, Design and Urban Planni...	Vera W. de Spinadel	[ "Mathematics" ]	3,348	[ "Applied mathematics", "Applied mathematicians" ]
53,961,341	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supersymmetric%20theory%20of%20stochastic%20dynamics	Supersymmetric theory of stochastic dynamics or stochastics (STS) is an exact theory of stochastic (partial) differential equations (SDEs), the class of mathematical models with the widest applicability covering, in particular, all continuous time dynamical systems, with and without noise. The main utility of the theor...	Supersymmetric theory of stochastic dynamics	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	7,059	[ "Self-organization", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Applied mathematics", "Theoretical physics", "Unsolved problems in physics", "Physics beyond the Standard Model", "Mathematical physics", "Supersymmetry", "Symmetry", "Dynamical systems" ]
38,244,563	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-Party%20Parliamentary%20Carbon%20Monoxide%20Group	The All-Party Parliamentary Carbon Monoxide Group (APPCOG) is an official All-Party Parliamentary Group of the UK Parliament, co-chaired by Barry Sheerman MP and Baroness Finlay of Llandaff. The group exists to tackle carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in the UK, improve government policy around CO safety, and raise public...	All-Party Parliamentary Carbon Monoxide Group	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	643	[ "Natural gas organizations", "Natural gas safety", "Natural gas technology", "Energy organizations" ]
38,245,286	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenotype%20microarray	The phenotype microarray approach is a technology for high-throughput phenotyping of cells. A phenotype microarray system enables one to monitor simultaneously the phenotypic reaction of cells to environmental challenges or exogenous compounds in a high-throughput manner. The phenotypic reactions are recorded as eithe...	Phenotype microarray	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	972	[ "Microbiology", "Physiology", "Microscopy" ]
60,314,915	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle%20method	Particle methods is a widely used class of numerical algorithms in scientific computing. Its application ranges from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) over molecular dynamics (MD) to discrete element methods. History One of the earliest particle methods is smoothed particle hydrodynamics, presented in 1977. Libersky...	Particle method	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ]	827	[ "Computational fluid dynamics", "Computational mathematics", "Computational physics", "Mathematical relations", "Numerical analysis", "Approximations", "Fluid dynamics" ]
60,316,348	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finiteness%20properties%20of%20groups	In mathematics, finiteness properties of a group are a collection of properties that allow the use of various algebraic and topological tools, for example group cohomology, to study the group. It is mostly of interest for the study of infinite groups. Special cases of groups with finiteness properties are finitely ge...	Finiteness properties of groups	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	1,023	[ "Geometric group theory", "Mathematical structures", "Group actions", "Group theory", "Fields of abstract algebra", "Category theory", "Symmetry", "Homological algebra" ]
60,323,001	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft%20engine%20performance	Aircraft engine performance refers to factors including thrust or shaft power for fuel consumed, weight, cost, outside dimensions and life. It includes meeting regulated environmental limits which apply to emissions of noise and chemical pollutants, and regulated safety aspects which require a design that can safely to...	Aircraft engine performance	[ "Physics", "Technology" ]	2,402	[ "Physical quantities", "Engines", "Power (physics)", "Powered flight", "Aircraft engines" ]
60,323,851	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical%20mapping	Physical map is a technique used in molecular biology to find the order and physical distance between DNA base pairs by DNA markers. It is one of the gene mapping techniques which can determine the sequence of DNA base pairs with high accuracy. Genetic mapping, another approach of gene mapping, can provide markers need...	Physical mapping	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	1,711	[ "Molecular biology techniques", "Molecular biology" ]
43,868,891	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social%20Bonding%20and%20Nurture%20Kinship	Social Bonding and Nurture Kinship: Compatibility between Cultural and Biological Approaches is a book on human kinship and social behavior by Maximilian Holland, published in 2012. The work synthesizes the perspectives of evolutionary biology, psychology and sociocultural anthropology towards understanding human socia...	Social Bonding and Nurture Kinship	[ "Biology" ]	3,860	[ "Evolutionary biology", "Behavior", "Behavioral ecology", "Behavioural sciences", "nan", "Ethology", "Human behavior", "Kinship and descent" ]
43,875,229	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vantaa%20incinerator	The Vantaa incinerator is an incinerator power plant taken to use in Vantaa, Finland, on 17 September 2014. It is operated by Vantaan Energia. It is the largest incinerator in Finland, and it cost 300 million Euros to build. It is located immediately to the northeast of the intersection of the Finnish national road 7 a...	Vantaa incinerator	[ "Chemistry" ]	573	[ "Incinerators", "Incineration" ]
58,833,146	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice%20%28spacecraft%20instrument%29	Alice is any one of two ultraviolet imaging spectrometers; one used on the New Horizons spacecraft and the other used on the Rosetta spacecraft. Alice is a small telescope with a spectrograph and a special detector with 32 pixels each with 1024 spectral channels detecting ultraviolet light. Its primary role is to deter...	Alice (spacecraft instrument)	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	704	[ "Spectrometers", "Spectroscopy", "Spectrum (physical sciences)" ]
58,840,544	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queer%20ecology	Queer ecology/ Queer ecologies is an endeavor to understand nature, biology, and sexuality in the light of queer theory, rejecting the presumptions that heterosexuality and cisgenderedness constitute any objective standard. It draws from science studies, ecofeminism, environmental justice, and queer geography. These pe...	Queer ecology	[ "Environmental_science" ]	3,514	[ "Environmental social science concepts", "Political ecology", "Environmental social science" ]
58,840,824	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanics%20of%20gelation	Mechanics of gelation describes processes relevant to sol-gel process. In a static sense, the fundamental difference between a liquid and a solid is that the solid has elastic resistance against a shearing stress while a liquid does not. Thus, a simple liquid will not typically support a transverse acoustic phonon, or...	Mechanics of gelation	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	1,301	[ "Ceramic engineering", "Gels", "Colloids" ]
32,637,211	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron%20capture%20therapy%20of%20cancer	Neutron capture therapy (NCT) is a type of radiotherapy for treating locally invasive malignant tumors such as primary brain tumors, recurrent cancers of the head and neck region, and cutaneous and extracutaneous melanomas. It is a two-step process: first, the patient is injected with a tumor-localizing drug containing...	Neutron capture therapy of cancer	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	8,648	[ "Radiobiology", "Radioactivity", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Medical physics" ]
32,644,454	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EAF%20family	In molecular biology, the EAF family of proteins act as transcriptional transactivators of ELL and ELL2 RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) transcriptional elongation factors. EAF proteins form a stable heterodimer complex with ELL proteins to facilitate the binding of RNA polymerase II to activate transcription elongation. ELL...	EAF family	[ "Biology" ]	148	[ "Protein families", "Protein classification" ]
32,646,543	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ectatomin	Ectatomin is a protein toxin from the venom of the ant Ectatomma tuberculatum. Ectatomin can efficiently insert into the plasma membrane, where it can form channels. Ectatomin was shown to inhibit L-type calcium currents in isolated rat cardiac myocytes. In these cells, ectatomin induces a gradual, irreversible increas...	Ectatomin	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	201	[ "Protein toxins", "Protein domains", "Protein classification", "Toxins by chemical classification" ]
52,605,712	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20Collider%20Collaboration	The Linear Collider Collaboration (LCC) is an organization designated by the International Committee for Future Accelerators (ICFA) to coordinate global research and development efforts for two next-generation particle physics colliders: the International Linear Collider (ILC) and the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). Th...	Linear Collider Collaboration	[ "Physics" ]	220	[ "Experimental physics", "Particle physics", "Experimental particle physics" ]
51,101,497	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UPd2Al3	{{DISPLAYTITLE:UPd2Al3}} UPd2Al3 is a heavy-fermion superconductor with a hexagonal crystal structure and critical temperature Tc=2.0K that was discovered in 1991. Furthermore, UPd2Al3 orders antiferromagnetically at TN=14K, and UPd2Al3 thus features the unusual behavior that this material, at temperatures below 2K, is...	UPd2Al3	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	727	[ "Inorganic compounds", "Metallurgy", "Superconductivity", "Correlated electrons", "Intermetallics", "Condensed matter physics", "Alloys", "Superconductors" ]
51,101,792	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophiocordyceps%20sphecocephala	Ophiocordyceps sphecocephala is a species of parasitic fungus. It is entomopathogenic, meaning it grows within insects, particularly wasps of the genera Polistes, Tachytes, and Vespa. It has been reported across the Americas and China. Physically, its stromata can be 2–10 cm long, and form an egg-shaped head. It is cr...	Ophiocordyceps sphecocephala	[ "Biology" ]	156	[ "Fungi", "Fungus species" ]
51,105,434	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaris%20Flare	The Polaris Flare is a filamentous gas cloud in the Milky Way which is seen in the sky in the region of the constellation Ursa Minor and around the star Polaris. The area on the sky is estimated at 50 square degrees. The range is approximately 500 light years. See also List of molecules in interstellar space Interpl...	Polaris Flare	[ "Astronomy" ]	106	[ "Ursa Minor", "Nebula stubs", "Astronomy stubs", "Constellations" ]
51,107,923	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K2-72	K2-72 (also designated EPIC 206209135) is a cool red dwarf star of spectral class M2.7V located about away from the Earth in the constellation of Aquarius. It is known to host four planets, all similar in size to Earth, with one of them residing within the habitable zone. Nomenclature and history K2-72 also has the 2...	K2-72	[ "Astronomy" ]	590	[ "Constellations", "Aquarius (constellation)" ]
57,302,917	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium%20dihydrogenphosphate	Aluminium dihydrogenphosphate describes inorganic compounds with the formula Al(H2PO4)3.xH2O where x = 0 or 3. They are white solids. Upon heating these materials convert sequentially to a family of related polyphosphate salts including aluminium triphosphate (AlH2P3O10.2H2O), aluminium hexametaphosphate (Al2P6O18), ...	Aluminium dihydrogenphosphate	[ "Chemistry" ]	198	[ "Phosphates", "Salts" ]
42,465,099	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DEAF1	The DEAF1 transcription factor (HGNC:14677) (or "deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor 1 in Drosophila) is coded by DEAF1 at 11p15.5. It is a member of the Zinc finger protein and MYND-type protein. Pathology Mutations affecting the SAND Domain of DEAF1 cause intellectual disability with severe speech impairment...	DEAF1	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	87	[ "Induced stem cells", "Gene expression", "Transcription factors", "Signal transduction" ]
42,470,137	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High%20strain%20composite%20structure	High Strain Composite Structures (HSC Structures) are a class of composite material structures designed to perform in a high deformation setting. High strain composite structures transition from one shape to another upon the application of external forces. A single HSC Structure component is designed to transition be...	High strain composite structure	[ "Physics" ]	624	[ "Materials", "Composite materials", "Matter" ]
42,471,409	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaginal%20transplantation	Vaginal transplantation is procedure whereby donated or laboratory-grown vagina tissue is used to create a 'neovagina'. It is most often used in women who have vaginal aplasia (the congenital absence of a vagina). Background Vaginal aplasia is a rare medical condition in which the vagina does not form properly before ...	Vaginal transplantation	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	810	[ "Biological engineering", "Cloning", "Chemical engineering", "Tissue engineering", "Medical technology" ]
42,472,109	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law%20of%20reciprocal%20proportions	The law of reciprocal proportions, also called law of equivalent proportions or law of permanent ratios, is one of the basic laws of stoichiometry. It relates the proportions in which elements combine across a number of different elements. It was first formulated by Jeremias Richter in 1791. A simple statement of the ...	Law of reciprocal proportions	[ "Chemistry" ]	561	[ "Stoichiometry", "Chemical reaction engineering", "nan" ]
42,475,403	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical%20wave%20transformation	Spherical wave transformations leave the form of spherical waves as well as the laws of optics and electrodynamics invariant in all inertial frames. They were defined between 1908 and 1909 by Harry Bateman and Ebenezer Cunningham, with Bateman giving the transformation its name. They correspond to the conformal group o...	Spherical wave transformation	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	4,724	[ "Electromagnetism", "Physical phenomena", "Mathematical objects", "Equations", "Special relativity", "Fundamental interactions", "Theory of relativity" ]
50,175,094	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Wickstr%C3%B6m	John Wickström (until 1889 Johannes Wickström; 13 December 1870 – 7 June 1959) was a Finnish-Swede engineer and entrepreneur. Wickström was born in Kvevlax, Ostrobothnia. He emigrated to the United States at age of 19 and settled in Chicago, where he studied engineering. Wickström specialised on combustion engines an...	John Wickström	[ "Engineering" ]	1,849	[ "Automotive engineering", "Automotive engineers" ]
50,176,148	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gia%20%28protein%29	Methuselah-like 5 is a protein that in Drosophila is encoded by the Mthl5 (also known as Gia) gene. Methuselah-like 5 is a G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that is essential for cardiac development in Drosophila. Deletion of this gene interferes with cardioblast junction proteins, resulting in a broken hearted phenot...	Gia (protein)	[ "Chemistry" ]	413	[ "G protein-coupled receptors", "Signal transduction" ]
50,176,405	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental%20theorem%20of%20topos%20theory	In mathematics, The fundamental theorem of topos theory states that the slice of a topos over any one of its objects is itself a topos. Moreover, if there is a morphism in then there is a functor which preserves exponentials and the subobject classifier. The pullback functor For any morphism f in there is an a...	Fundamental theorem of topos theory	[ "Mathematics" ]	440	[ "Mathematical theorems", "Mathematical structures", "Category theory", "nan", "Mathematical problems", "Topos theory" ]
34,252,228	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reed%20receiver	A reed receiver or tuned reed receiver (US) was a form of multi-channel signal decoder used for early radio control systems. It uses a simple electromechanical device or 'resonant reed' to demodulate the signal, in effect a receive-only modem. The encoding used is a simple form of frequency-shift keying. These decod...	Reed receiver	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,449	[ "Applied mathematics", "Control theory", "Dynamical systems" ]
34,252,996	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repiping	Repiping means replacing the pipes in a building, oil or gas well, or centrifuge. References See also Plumbing Piping	Repiping	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	30	[ "Piping", "Chemical engineering", "Mechanical engineering", "Building engineering" ]
34,253,455	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peeling%20theorem	In general relativity, the peeling theorem describes the asymptotic behavior of the Weyl tensor as one goes to null infinity. Let be a null geodesic in a spacetime from a point p to null infinity, with affine parameter . Then the theorem states that, as tends to infinity: where is the Weyl tensor, and abstract ind...	Peeling theorem	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	117	[ "Equations of physics", "Theorems in general relativity", "General relativity", "Theorems in mathematical physics", "Relativity stubs", "Theory of relativity", "Physics theorems" ]
34,253,886	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sticky%20and%20blunt%20ends	DNA ends refer to the properties of the ends of linear DNA molecules, which in molecular biology are described as "sticky" or "blunt" based on the shape of the complementary strands at the terminus. In sticky ends, one strand is longer than the other (typically by at least a few nucleotides), such that the longer stran...	Sticky and blunt ends	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	1,548	[ "Genetics techniques", "Biochemistry", "Genetic engineering", "Molecular biology" ]
36,831,006	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindsight%20optimization	Hindsight optimisation (HOP) is a computer science technique used in artificial intelligence for analysis of actions which have stochastic results. HOP is used in combination with a deterministic planner. By creating sample results for each of the possible actions from the given state (i.e. determinising the actions), ...	Hindsight optimization	[ "Engineering" ]	95	[ "Software engineering", "Artificial intelligence engineering" ]
36,833,798	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikispeed	Wikispeed is an automotive startup with a modular design car. Wikispeed competed in the Progressive Automotive X Prize competition in 2010 and won the tenth place in the mainstream class, which had a hundred other cars competing, often from big companies and universities. The car debuted at the North American Internati...	Wikispeed	[ "Engineering" ]	316	[ "Systems engineering", "Design", "Modular design" ]
47,046,728	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillium%20paneum	Penicillium paneum is a species of fungus in the genus Penicillium which can spoil cereal grains. Penicillium paneum produces 1-Octen-3-ol and penipanoid A, penipanoid B, penipanoid C, patulin and roquefortine C References Further reading paneum Fungi described in 1996 Fungus species	Penicillium paneum	[ "Biology" ]	79	[ "Fungi", "Fungus species" ]
47,047,431	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heisenberg%E2%80%93Langevin%20equations	The Heisenberg–Langevin equations (named after Werner Heisenberg and Paul Langevin) are equations for open quantum systems. They are a specific case of quantum Langevin equations. In the Heisenberg picture the time evolution of a quantum system is the operators themselves. The solution to the Heisenberg equation of mo...	Heisenberg–Langevin equations	[ "Physics" ]	99	[ "Theoretical physics", "Quantum mechanics", "Quantum physics stubs" ]
47,049,443	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatiotemporal%20pattern	Spatiotemporal patterns are patterns that occur in a wide range of natural phenoma and are characterized by a spatial and temporal patterning. The general rules of pattern formation hold. In contrast to "static", pure spatial patterns, the full complexity of spatiotemporal patterns can only be recognized over time. An...	Spatiotemporal pattern	[ "Physics", "Mathematics", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	872	[ "Telecommunications engineering", "Physical quantities", "Time", "Applied mathematics", "Computer science", "Information theory", "Space", "Spacetime", "Space and time" ]
47,053,170	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%20Measure%20U	IMeasureU, Ltd. (IMU) is a company that specializes in wearable technology. They develop inertial measurement units that analyze body movements in sports. The company combines sensor data with computational models to model human body movement. IMeasureU has collaborated with Athletics Australia runners. In July 2017, ...	I Measure U	[ "Physics" ]	174	[ "Biomechanics", "Mechanics" ]
47,056,521	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmanuelle%20Charpentier	Emmanuelle Marie Charpentier (; born 11 December 1968) is a French professor and researcher in microbiology, genetics, and biochemistry. As of 2015, she has been a director at the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin. In 2018, she founded an independent research institute, the Max Planck Unit for the Sc...	Emmanuelle Charpentier	[ "Chemistry", "Technology", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	2,346	[ "Genetics techniques", "Biological engineering", "Women biochemists", "Genome editing", "Genetic engineering", "Women Nobel laureates", "Molecular biology", "Biochemists", "Women in science and technology" ]
47,056,807	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen%20Myers%20%28engineer%29	Stephen Myers (born 3 August 1946) is an electronic engineer who works in high-energy physics. Life Myers earned a bachelor's degree in electrical and electronic engineering in 1968 from Queen's University, Belfast, and completed his Ph.D. there in 1972. Thereafter he worked at CERN. In September 2008, he was appoi...	Stephen Myers (engineer)	[ "Physics" ]	362	[ "Experimental physics", "Particle physics", "Experimental particle physics" ]
47,056,864	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Michel%20Raimond	Jean-Michel Raimond (born in Orléans) is a French physicist working in the field of quantum mechanics. Biography Raimond enrolled at the École normale supérieure (rue d'Ulm) (ENS) in 1975. After graduating with a DEA in atomic and molecular physics, his first research work was in superradiance and Rydberg atoms. H...	Jean-Michel Raimond	[ "Physics" ]	654	[ "Quantum physicists", "Quantum mechanics" ]
46,204,126	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metatranscriptomics	Metatranscriptomics is the set of techniques used to study gene expression of microbes within natural environments, i.e., the metatranscriptome. While metagenomics focuses on studying the genomic content and on identifying which microbes are present within a community, metatranscriptomics can be used to study the dive...	Metatranscriptomics	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering", "Biology", "Environmental_science" ]	3,596	[ "Bioinformatics", "Biological engineering", "Microbiology techniques", "Environmental microbiology" ]
46,205,772	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanding%20monomer	Expanding monomers are monomers which increase in volume (expand) during polymerization. They can be added to monomer formulations to counteract the usual volume shrinking (during polymerization) to manufacture products with higher quality and durability. Volume Shrinkage is in first line for the unmeltable thermosets ...	Expanding monomer	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	2,380	[ "Monomers", "Polymer chemistry" ]
41,024,386	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite%20volume%20method%20for%20unsteady%20flow	Unsteady flows are characterized as flows in which the properties of the fluid are time dependent. It gets reflected in the governing equations as the time derivative of the properties are absent. For Studying Finite-volume method for unsteady flow there is some governing equations > Governing Equation The conservatio...	Finite volume method for unsteady flow	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	894	[ "Computational fluid dynamics", "Fluid dynamics", "Computational physics" ]
41,031,824	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical%20methods%20in%20fluid%20mechanics	Fluid motion is governed by the Navier–Stokes equations, a set of coupled and nonlinear partial differential equations derived from the basic laws of conservation of mass, momentum and energy. The unknowns are usually the flow velocity, the pressure and density and temperature. The analytical solution of this equation...	Numerical methods in fluid mechanics	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ]	1,608	[ "Functions and mappings", "Functional analysis", "Computational fluid dynamics", "Mathematical objects", "Computational mathematics", "Computational physics", "Mathematical relations", "Numerical analysis", "Approximations", "Fluid dynamics" ]
48,759,979	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supermicelle	Supermicelle is a hierarchical micelle structure (supramolecular assembly) where individual components are also micelles. Supermicelles are formed via bottom-up chemical approaches, such as self-assembly of long cylindrical micelles into radial cross-, star- or dandelion-like patterns in a specially selected solvent; s...	Supermicelle	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	156	[ "Colloidal chemistry", "Colloids", "Surface science", "nan", "Nanotechnology", "Supramolecular chemistry" ]
48,760,331	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TopHat%20%28bioinformatics%29	TopHat is an open-source bioinformatics tool for the throughput alignment of shotgun cDNA sequencing reads generated by transcriptomics technologies (e.g. RNA-Seq) using Bowtie first and then mapping to a reference genome to discover RNA splice sites de novo. TopHat aligns RNA-Seq reads to mammalian-sized genomes. His...	TopHat (bioinformatics)	[ "Biology" ]	574	[ "Bioinformatics", "Bioinformatics software", "Bioinformatics algorithms" ]
55,524,455	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20image%20correlation%20for%20electronics	Digital image correlation analyses have applications in material property characterization, displacement measurement, and strain mapping. As such, DIC is becoming an increasingly popular tool when evaluating the thermo-mechanical behavior of electronic components and systems. CTE measurements and glass transition temp...	Digital image correlation for electronics	[ "Physics" ]	872	[ "Materials", "Matter" ]
60,330,183	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural%20reliability	Structural reliability is about applying reliability engineering theories to buildings and, more generally, structural analysis. Reliability is also used as a probabilistic measure of structural safety. The reliability of a structure is defined as the probability of complement of failure . The failure occurs when the t...	Structural reliability	[ "Engineering" ]	350	[ "Structural engineering", "Systems engineering", "Reliability analysis", "Reliability engineering", "Construction", "Civil engineering" ]
60,330,584	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardner%20transition	In condensed matter physics, the Gardner transition refers to a temperature induced transition in which the free energy basin of a disordered system divides into many marginally stable sub-basins. It is named after Elizabeth Gardner who first described it in 1985. See also Glass transition References Condensed matt...	Gardner transition	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	58	[ "Materials science stubs", "Phases of matter", "Materials science", "Condensed matter physics", "Condensed matter stubs", "Matter" ]
60,336,113	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerr%E2%80%93Schild%20perturbations	Kerr–Schild perturbations are a special type of perturbation to a spacetime metric which only appear linearly in the Einstein field equations which describe general relativity. They were found by Roy Kerr and Alfred Schild in 1965. Form A generalised Kerr–Schild perturbation has the form , where is a scalar and is a...	Kerr–Schild perturbations	[ "Physics" ]	215	[ "General relativity", "Relativity stubs", "Theory of relativity" ]
60,337,965	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coupled%20substitution	Coupled substitution is the geological process by which two elements simultaneous substitute into a crystal in order to maintain overall electrical neutrality and keep the charge constant. In forming a solid solution series, ionic size is more important than ionic charge, as this can be compensated for elsewhere in the...	Coupled substitution	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	651	[ "Crystallography", "Condensed matter physics", "nan", "Materials science" ]
56,892,858	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagome%20metal	In solid-state physics, the kagome metal or kagome magnet is a type of ferromagnetic quantum material. The atomic lattice in a kagome magnet has layered overlapping triangles and large hexagonal voids, akin to the kagome pattern in traditional Japanese basket-weaving. This geometry induces a flat electronic band str...	Kagome metal	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	541	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Phases of matter", "Materials science", "Condensed matter physics", "nan", "Matter" ]
56,897,087	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agglomerated%20food%20powder	Agglomerated food powder is a unit operation during which native particles are assembled to form bigger agglomerates, in which the original particle can still be distinguished. Agglomeration can be achieved through processes that use liquid as a binder (wet methods) or methods that do not involve any binder (dry method...	Agglomerated food powder	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	2,064	[ "Chemical engineering", "Materials", "Powders", "Environmental engineering", "Particle technology", "Matter" ]
39,695,061	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero%20liquid%20discharge	Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) is a classification of water treatment processes intended to reduce wastewater efficiently and produce clean water that is suitable for reuse (e.g., irrigation). ZLD systems employ wastewater treatment technologies and desalination to purify and recycle virtually all wastewater received. ZL...	Zero liquid discharge	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	485	[ "Building engineering", "Chemical engineering", "Civil engineering", "Environmental engineering", "Architecture" ]
39,697,327	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabry%20gap%20theorem	In mathematics, the Fabry gap theorem is a result about the analytic continuation of complex power series whose non-zero terms are of orders that have a certain "gap" between them. Such a power series is "badly behaved" in the sense that it cannot be extended to be an analytic function anywhere on the boundary of its d...	Fabry gap theorem	[ "Mathematics" ]	248	[ "Sequences and series", "Theorems in mathematical analysis", "Mathematical structures", "Series (mathematics)", "Calculus", "Theorems in complex analysis" ]
39,697,339	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tur%C3%A1n%27s%20method	In mathematics, Turán's method provides lower bounds for exponential sums and complex power sums. The method has been applied to problems in equidistribution. The method applies to sums of the form where the b and z are complex numbers and ν runs over a range of integers. There are two main results, depending on t...	Turán's method	[ "Mathematics" ]	229	[ "E (mathematical constant)", "Analytic number theory", "Exponentials", "Number theory" ]
39,698,985	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic%20relations%20across%20normal%20shocks	"Normal shocks" are a fundamental type of shock wave. The waves, which are perpendicular to the flow, are called "normal" shocks. Normal shocks only happen when the flow is supersonic. At those speeds, no obstacle is identified before the speed of sound which makes the molecule return after sensing the obstacle. While ...	Thermodynamic relations across normal shocks	[ "Physics" ]	147	[ "Waves", "Physical phenomena", "Shock waves" ]
39,699,737	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eco-socialism	Eco-socialism (also known as green socialism, socialist ecology, ecological materialism, or revolutionary ecology) is an ideology merging aspects of socialism with that of green politics, ecology and alter-globalization or anti-globalization. Eco-socialists generally believe that the expansion of the capitalist system ...	Eco-socialism	[ "Environmental_science" ]	14,651	[ "Political ecology", "Environmental social science" ]
53,971,080	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%207303	NGC 7303 is a barred spiral galaxy around 170 million light-years from Earth in the constellation Pegasus. NGC 7303 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on September 15, 1828. See also NGC 4036 NGC 1300 List of NGC objects (7001–7840) References External links Astronomical objects discovered in 1828 Pegas...	NGC 7303	[ "Astronomy" ]	80	[ "Pegasus (constellation)", "Constellations" ]
53,975,791	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salivary%20microbiome	The salivary microbiome consists of the nonpathogenic, commensal bacteria present in the healthy human salivary glands. It differs from the oral microbiome which is located in the oral cavity. Oral microorganisms tend to adhere to teeth. The oral microbiome possesses its own characteristic microorganisms found there. ...	Salivary microbiome	[ "Chemistry", "Biology", "Environmental_science" ]	1,005	[ "Microbiomes", "Environmental microbiology", "Microbiology", "Microscopy" ]
53,977,093	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beltrami%20flow	In fluid dynamics, Beltrami flows are flows in which the vorticity vector and the velocity vector are parallel to each other. In other words, Beltrami flow is a flow in which the Lamb vector is zero. It is named after the Italian mathematician Eugenio Beltrami due to his derivation of the Beltrami vector field, while...	Beltrami flow	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	892	[ "Piping", "Chemical engineering", "Fluid dynamics" ]
50,197,442	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20linear%20integrated%20circuits	The following is a list of linear integrated circuits. Many were among the first analog integrated circuits commercially produced; some were groundbreaking innovations, and many are still being used. See also Linear integrated circuit List of LM-series integrated circuits 4000-series integrated circuits List of 4...	List of linear integrated circuits	[ "Engineering" ]	79	[ "Electronic design", "Electronic engineering", "Design" ]
38,249,632	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1-planar%20graph	In topological graph theory, a 1-planar graph is a graph that can be drawn in the Euclidean plane in such a way that each edge has at most one crossing point, where it crosses a single additional edge. If a 1-planar graph, one of the most natural generalizations of planar graphs, is drawn that way, the drawing is calle...	1-planar graph	[ "Mathematics" ]	2,247	[ "Planar graphs", "Computational problems", "Planes (geometry)", "Mathematical problems", "NP-complete problems" ]
38,251,251	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strain-rate%20tensor	In continuum mechanics, the strain-rate tensor or rate-of-strain tensor is a physical quantity that describes the rate of change of the strain (i.e., the relative deformation) of a material in the neighborhood of a certain point, at a certain moment of time. It can be defined as the derivative of the strain tensor with...	Strain-rate tensor	[ "Physics", "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	1,414	[ "Tensors", "Physical quantities", "Continuum mechanics", "Quantity", "Tensor physical quantities", "Classical mechanics" ]
38,254,005	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepainted%20metal	According to EN 13523-0, a prepainted metal (or coil coated metal) is a ‘metal on which a coating material (e.g. paint, film…) has been applied by coil coating’. When applied onto the metallic substrate, the coating material (in liquid, in paste or powder form) forms a film possessing protective, decorative and/or othe...	Prepainted metal	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	1,699	[ "Metallurgy", "Coatings", "Materials science", "nan" ]
38,256,214	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary%20of%20commutative%20algebra	This is a glossary of commutative algebra. See also list of algebraic geometry topics, glossary of classical algebraic geometry, glossary of algebraic geometry, glossary of ring theory and glossary of module theory. In this article, all rings are assumed to be commutative with identity 1. !$@ A B C D E F G H...	Glossary of commutative algebra	[ "Mathematics" ]	113	[ "Fields of abstract algebra", "Commutative algebra" ]
38,257,383	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrahexagonal%20tiling	In geometry, the tetrahexagonal tiling is a uniform tiling of the hyperbolic plane. It has Schläfli symbol r{6,4}. Constructions There are for uniform constructions of this tiling, three of them as constructed by mirror removal from the [6,4] kaleidoscope. Removing the last mirror, [6,4,1+], gives [6,6], (*662). Remo...	Tetrahexagonal tiling	[ "Physics" ]	377	[ "Isotoxal tilings", "Isogonal tilings", "Tessellation", "Hyperbolic tilings", "Uniform tilings", "Symmetry" ]
38,257,752	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snub%20tetrahexagonal%20tiling	In geometry, the snub tetrahexagonal tiling is a uniform tiling of the hyperbolic plane. It has Schläfli symbol of sr{6,4}. Images Drawn in chiral pairs, with edges missing between black triangles: Related polyhedra and tiling The snub tetrahexagonal tiling is fifth in a series of snub polyhedra and tilings with v...	Snub tetrahexagonal tiling	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	224	[ "Snub tilings", "Isogonal tilings", "Tessellation", "Chirality", "Hyperbolic tilings", "Uniform tilings", "Chiral figures", "Symmetry" ]
38,258,455	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wells%20curve	The Wells curve (or Wells evaporation falling curve of droplets) is a diagram, developed by W. F. Wells in 1934, which describes what is expected to happen to small droplets once they have been exhaled into air. Coughing, sneezing, and other violent exhalations produce high numbers of respiratory droplets derived from ...	Wells curve	[ "Physics", "Environmental_science" ]	1,301	[ "Epidemiology", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Environmental social science", "Medical physics" ]
38,260,038	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridged%20nucleic%20acid	A bridged nucleic acid (BNA) is a modified RNA nucleotide. They are sometimes also referred to as constrained or inaccessible RNA molecules. BNA monomers can contain a five-membered, six-membered or even a seven-membered bridged structure with a "fixed" C3'-endo sugar puckering. The bridge is synthetically incorporated...	Bridged nucleic acid	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	1,246	[ "Biochemistry", "Molecular biology" ]
38,260,400	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea%20Carbon%20Capture%20%26%20Sequestration%20R%26D%20Center	The Korea Carbon Capture & Sequestration R&D Center (KCRC) is an institution in Daejeon, South Korea, specialized in Carbon Capture & Sequestration (CCS) R&D. The Korean government has selected CCS technology as part of core technologies for green growth, and has established the National Comprehensive Plan for CCS to c...	Korea Carbon Capture & Sequestration R&D Center	[ "Engineering" ]	587	[ "Geoengineering", "Carbon capture and storage" ]
43,887,987	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobility%20analogy	The mobility analogy, also called admittance analogy or Firestone analogy, is a method of representing a mechanical system by an analogous electrical system. The advantage of doing this is that there is a large body of theory and analysis techniques concerning complex electrical systems, especially in the field of fil...	Mobility analogy	[ "Engineering" ]	3,180	[ "Electronic design", "Electronic engineering", "Electromechanical engineering", "Mechanical engineering by discipline", "Electrical engineering", "Design" ]
43,900,962	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambda2%20method	The Lambda2 method, or Lambda2 vortex criterion, is a vortex core line detection algorithm that can adequately identify vortices from a three-dimensional fluid velocity field. The Lambda2 method is Galilean invariant, which means it produces the same results when a uniform velocity field is added to the existing veloci...	Lambda2 method	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ]	458	[ "Vortices", "Computational fluid dynamics", "Computational physics", "Dynamical systems", "Fluid dynamics" ]
43,901,815	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flutemetamol%20%2818F%29	{{DISPLAYTITLE:Flutemetamol (18F)}} Flutemetamol (18F) (trade name Vizamyl, by GE Healthcare) is a PET scanning radiopharmaceutical containing the radionuclide fluorine-18, used as a diagnostic tool for Alzheimer's disease. Adverse effects Adverse effects of flutemetamol include headache, nausea, dizziness, flushing ...	Flutemetamol (18F)	[ "Chemistry" ]	574	[ "Chemicals in medicine", "Radiopharmaceuticals", "Medicinal radiochemistry" ]
58,856,910	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DN%20factor	DN factor, also called DN Value, is a number that is used to determine the correct base oil viscosity for the lubrication of various types of bearings. It can also be used to determine if a bearing is the correct choice for use in a given application. It is a product of bearing diameter (D) and speed (N). D = diamet...	DN factor	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	616	[ "Tribology", "Physical quantities", "Quantity", "Materials science", "Surface science", "Measurement", "Size", "Mechanical engineering" ]
51,112,803	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbomixer	A Turbo mixer, also known as a high speed mixer or a tank mixer, is a type of industrial mixer that uses PVC for mixing raw materials to form a free-flowing powder blend. Design It includes a cylindrical tank with a mixing tool assembled on the bottom that typically operates at a peripheral speed of between 20 and 5...	Turbomixer	[ "Engineering" ]	356	[ "Industrial machinery" ]
51,114,484	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knudsen%20paradox	The Knudsen paradox has been observed in experiments of channel flow with varying channel width or equivalently different pressures. If the normalized mass flux through the channel is plotted over the Knudsen number based on the channel width a distinct minimum is observed around . This is a paradoxical behaviour becau...	Knudsen paradox	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	184	[ "Statistical mechanics stubs", "Transport phenomena", "Physical phenomena", "Chemical engineering", "Piping", "Statistical mechanics", "Fluid dynamics stubs", "Fluid dynamics" ]
51,115,674	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropometric%20measurement%20of%20the%20developing%20fetus	Anthropometry is defined as the scientific study of the human body measurements and proportions. These studies are generally used by clinicians and pathologists for adequate assessments of the growth and development of the fetus at any specific point of gestational maturity. Fetal height, fetal weight, head circumferen...	Anthropometric measurement of the developing fetus	[ "Biology" ]	2,366	[ "Human biology" ]
51,118,020	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samyung%20ENC	Samyung ENC is a South Korean manufacturer of marine communication and navigation systems. The company is publicly listed and traded on the KOSDAQ. Market share Samyung ENC is a leading company in a highly fragmented marine electronics industry that includes Raymarine, Humminbird, Lowrance, Simrad, B&G, Magellan, Murp...	Samyung ENC	[ "Engineering" ]	162	[ "Marine electronics", "Marine engineering" ]
52,622,085	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indulin%20AA-86	Indulin AA-86 is the trade name (held by Ingevity) for a proprietary formula used for an asphalt emulsifying agent. As such, it does not have a given CAS number. Its composition is only provided subject to a nondisclosure agreement. The company reports that it is a fatty amine derivative, an amber viscous liquid, pH ...	Indulin AA-86	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	874	[ "Amorphous solids", "Asphalt", "Unsolved problems in physics", "Chemical mixtures" ]
52,624,232	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-Hydroxyestradiol	4-Hydroxyestradiol (4-OHE2), also known as estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,4,17β-triol, is an endogenous, naturally occurring catechol estrogen and a minor metabolite of estradiol. It is estrogenic, similarly to many other hydroxylated estrogen metabolites such as 2-hydroxyestradiol, 16α-hydroxyestrone, estriol (16α-hydroxyes...	4-Hydroxyestradiol	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	190	[ "Biochemistry stubs", "Biotechnology stubs", "Biochemistry" ]
52,626,244	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%20series%20of%20preferred%20numbers	The E series is a system of preferred numbers (also called preferred values) derived for use in electronic components. It consists of the E3, E6, E12, E24, E48, E96 and E192 series, where the number after the 'E' designates the quantity of logarithmic value "steps" per decade. Although it is theoretically possible to p...	E series of preferred numbers	[ "Physics", "Mathematics", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	5,299	[ "Industrial design", "Electrical components", "Design engineering", "Physical quantities", "Quantity", "Mathematical objects", "Logarithmic scales of measurement", "Arithmetic", "Electrical engineering", "Design", "Numbers", "Components" ]
34,265,726	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synge%27s%20world%20function	In general relativity, Synge's world function is a smooth locally defined function of pairs of points in a smooth spacetime with smooth Lorentzian metric . Let be two points in spacetime, and suppose belongs to a convex normal neighborhood of (referred to the Levi-Civita connection associated to ) so that there ex...	Synge's world function	[ "Physics" ]	438	[ "General relativity", "Relativity stubs", "Theory of relativity" ]

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