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54,277,050	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-86RK	The Radio-86RK () is a build-it-yourself home computer designed in the Soviet Union. It was featured in the popular Radio () magazine for radio hams and electronics hobbyists in 1986. The letters RK in the title stands for the words Radio ham's Computer (). Design of the computer was published in a series of articles d...	Radio-86RK	[ "Technology" ]	2,524	[ "Computer systems", "Soviet computer systems" ]
54,278,396	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeletocutis%20yunnanensis	Skeletocutis yunnanensis is a species of poroid crust fungus in the family Polyporaceae that was described as a new species in 2016. The type specimen was collected in northern Yunnan Province, southwestern China, where it was found growing on decaying angiosperm wood in a temperate forest. Description The fungus is ...	Skeletocutis yunnanensis	[ "Biology" ]	218	[ "Fungi", "Fungus species" ]
54,285,001	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclocycloid	A cyclocycloid is a roulette traced by a point attached to a circle of radius r rolling around, a fixed circle of radius R, where the point is at a distance d from the center of the exterior circle. The parametric equations for a cyclocycloid are where is a parameter (not the polar angle). And r can be positive (rep...	Cyclocycloid	[ "Mathematics" ]	161	[ "Planes (geometry)", "Euclidean plane geometry", "Plane curves" ]
54,285,127	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landau%20Gold%20Medal	The Landau Gold Medal () is the highest award in theoretical physics awarded by the Russian Academy of Sciences and its predecessor the Soviet Academy of Sciences. It was established in 1971 and is named after Soviet physicist and Nobel Laureate Lev Landau. When awarded by the Soviet Academy of Sciences the award was t...	Landau Gold Medal	[ "Technology" ]	283	[ "Science and technology awards", "Physics awards" ]
61,854,053	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal%20assisted%20chemical%20etching	Metal Assisted Chemical Etching (also known as MACE) is the process of wet chemical etching of semiconductors (mainly silicon) with the use of a metal catalyst, usually deposited on the surface of a semiconductor in the form of a thin film or nanoparticles. The semiconductor, covered with the metal, is then immersed in...	Metal assisted chemical etching	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	1,697	[ "Electrical resistance and conductance", "Physical quantities", "Semiconductors", "Materials", "Electronic engineering", "Condensed matter physics", "Solid state engineering", "Matter" ]
52,959,107	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematic%20diffraction	Kinematic diffraction is an approximation for diffraction of waves. It assumes that the waves are only scattered once, neglecting multiple scattering. For linear wave equations, it involves summing the contribution of the partial waves emanating from different scatterers, where only the incident field drives the scatt...	Kinematic diffraction	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	203	[ "Materials science stubs", "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Diffraction", "Crystallography", "Condensed matter physics", "Condensed matter stubs", "Spectroscopy" ]
39,992,948	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bent%20pin%20analysis	Bent pin analysis is a special kind of failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) performed on electrical connectors, and by extension it can also be used for FMEA of interface wiring. This analysis is generally applicable to mission-critical and safety-critical systems and is particularly applicable to aircraft, where f...	Bent pin analysis	[ "Engineering" ]	4,557	[ "Electrical engineering", "Electrical tests", "Reliability analysis", "Reliability engineering" ]
39,993,538	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehrenpreis%27s%20fundamental%20principle	In mathematical analysis, Ehrenpreis's fundamental principle, introduced by Leon Ehrenpreis, states: Every solution of a system (in general, overdetermined) of homogeneous partial differential equations with constant coefficients can be represented as the integral with respect to an appropriate Radon measure over the c...	Ehrenpreis's fundamental principle	[ "Mathematics" ]	75	[ "Mathematical analysis", "Mathematical analysis stubs" ]
39,993,849	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOPAN	BIOPAN is a multi-user research program by the European Space Agency (ESA) designed to investigate the effect of the space environment on biological material. The experiments in BIOPAN are exposed to solar and cosmic radiation, the space vacuum and weightlessness, or a selection thereof. Optionally, the experiment temp...	BIOPAN	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Biology", "Environmental_science" ]	446	[ "Physical phenomena", "Space-flown life", "Astrophysics", "Organisms by adaptation", "Extremophiles", "Radiation", "Bacteria", "Molecular biology", "Biochemistry", "Environmental microbiology", "Cosmic rays" ]
39,996,190	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium%20acetylacetonate	Aluminium acetylacetonate, also referred to as Al(acac)3, is a coordination complex with formula Al(C5H7O2)3. This aluminium complex with three acetylacetone ligands is used in research on Al-containing materials. The molecule has D3 symmetry, being isomorphous with other octahedral tris(acetylacetonate)s. Uses Alumi...	Aluminium acetylacetonate	[ "Chemistry" ]	142	[ "Organic compounds", "Organic compound stubs", "Organic chemistry stubs" ]
57,594,608	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete%20hinge	Concrete hinges are hinges produced out of concrete, with little or no steel in the hinge neck, which allows a rotation without a significant bending moment. The high rotations result from controlled tensile cracks as well as creep. Concrete hinges are mostly used in bridge engineering as monolithic, simple, economic a...	Concrete hinge	[ "Engineering" ]	484	[ "Structural engineering", "Bridge design", "Architecture" ]
57,601,067	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar%20Terrestrial%20Probes%20program	NASA's Solar Terrestrial Probes program (STP) is a series of missions focused on studying the Sun-Earth system. It is part of NASA's Heliophysics Science Division within the Science Mission Directorate. Objectives Understand the fundamental physical processes of the complex space environment throughout the Solar Syst...	Solar Terrestrial Probes program	[ "Physics" ]	429	[ "Space plasmas", "Astrophysics" ]
59,204,782	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptide%20loading%20complex	The peptide-loading complex (PLC) is a short-lived, multisubunit membrane protein complex that is located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It orchestrates peptide translocation and selection by major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules. Stable peptide-MHC I complexes are released to the cell surface ...	Peptide loading complex	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	1,681	[ "Biomolecules by chemical classification", "Immune system", "Protein targeting", "Organ systems", "Cellular processes", "Molecular biology", "Peptides" ]
59,205,557	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messaging%20Layer%20Security	Messaging Layer Security (MLS) is a security layer for end-to-end encrypting messages. It is maintained by the MLS working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force, and is designed to provide an efficient and practical security mechanism for groups as large as 50,000 and for those who access chat systems from multi...	Messaging Layer Security	[ "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	409	[ "Applied mathematics", "Cryptography", "Cybersecurity engineering" ]
59,207,188	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular%20layer%20deposition	Molecular layer deposition (MLD) is a vapour phase thin film deposition technique based on self-limiting surface reactions carried out in a sequential manner. Essentially, MLD resembles the well established technique of atomic layer deposition (ALD) but, whereas ALD is limited to exclusively inorganic coatings, the pre...	Molecular layer deposition	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Mathematics" ]	7,150	[ "Thin film deposition", "Microtechnology", "Coatings", "Thin films", "Chemical processes", "Semiconductor device fabrication", "nan", "Chemical process engineering", "Planes (geometry)", "Solid state engineering" ]
59,210,075	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumbylene	Plumbylenes (or plumbylidenes) are divalent organolead(II) analogues of carbenes, with the general chemical formula, R2Pb, where R denotes a substituent. Plumbylenes possess 6 electrons in their valence shell, and are considered open shell species. The first plumbylene reported was the dialkylplumbylene, [(Me3Si)2CH]2...	Plumbylene	[ "Chemistry" ]	2,896	[ "Functional groups", "Octet-deficient functional groups" ]
59,211,466	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolutional%20layer	In artificial neural networks, a convolutional layer is a type of network layer that applies a convolution operation to the input. Convolutional layers are some of the primary building blocks of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a class of neural network most commonly applied to images, video, audio, and other data...	Convolutional layer	[ "Engineering" ]	1,178	[ "Artificial intelligence engineering", "Packaging machinery", "Computer vision" ]
59,211,511	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal%20investment%20hypothesis	The terminal investment hypothesis is the idea in life history theory that as an organism's residual reproductive value (or the total reproductive value minus the reproductive value of the current breeding attempt) decreases, its reproductive effort will increase. Thus, as an organism's prospects for survival decreases...	Terminal investment hypothesis	[ "Mathematics", "Biology" ]	1,335	[ "Behavior", "Evolutionary game theory", "Behavioral ecology", "Behavioural sciences", "Game theory", "Ethology" ]
68,535,891	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer%20devolatilization	Polymer devolatilization, also known as polymer degassing, is the process of removing low-molecular-weight components such as residual monomers, solvents, reaction by-products and water from polymers. Motivation When exiting a reactor after a polymerization reaction, many polymers still contain undesired low-molecula...	Polymer devolatilization	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	1,130	[ "Process engineering", "Chemical engineering", "Mechanical engineering by discipline", "nan", "Polymer chemistry", "Polymers" ]
68,536,741	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feebly%20interacting%20particle	Feebly interacting particles (FIPs) are subatomic particles defined by having extremely suppressed interactions with the Standard Model (SM) bosons and / or fermions. These particles are potential thermal dark matter candidates, extending the model of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) to include weakly inter...	Feebly interacting particle	[ "Physics", "Astronomy" ]	251	[ "Dark matter", "Hypothetical particles", "Unsolved problems in astronomy", "Concepts in astronomy", "Theoretical physics", "Astroparticle physics", "Unsolved problems in physics", "Astrophysics", "Subatomic particles", "Particle physics", "Exotic matter", "Particle physics stubs", "Theoretic...
68,542,438	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphate%20phosphite	A phosphate phosphite is a chemical compound or salt that contains phosphate and phosphite anions (PO33- and PO43-). These are mixed anion compounds or mixed valence compounds. Some have third anions. Phosphate phosphites frequently occur as metal organic framework (MOF) compounds which are of research interest for ga...	Phosphate phosphite	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	218	[ "Matter", "Mixed anion compounds", "Salts", "Phosphates", "Ions" ]
68,543,797	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenate%20arsenite	An arsenate arsenite is a chemical compound or salt that contains arsenate and arsenite anions (AsO33- and AsO43-). These are mixed anion compounds or mixed valence compounds. Some have third anions. Most known substances are minerals, but a few artificial arsenate arsenite compounds have been made. Many of the mineral...	Arsenate arsenite	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	178	[ "Ions", "Matter", "Mixed anion compounds" ]
64,198,260	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginsenoside%20Rb1	Ginsenoside Rb1 (or Ginsenoside Rb1 or GRb1 or GRb1) is a chemical compound belonging to the ginsenoside family. Like other ginsenosides, it is found in the plant genus Panax (ginseng), and has a variety of potential health effects including anticarcinogenic, immunomodulatory, anti‐inflammatory, antiallergic, antiathe...	Ginsenoside Rb1	[ "Chemistry" ]	595	[ "Biosynthesis", "Metabolism", "Chemical synthesis" ]
64,198,506	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peroxydiphosphoric%20acid	Peroxydiphosphoric acid (H4P2O8) is an oxyacid of phosphorus. Its salts are known as peroxydiphosphates. It is one of two peroxyphosphoric acids, along with peroxymonophosphoric acid. History Both peroxyphosphoric acids were first synthesized and characterized in 1910 by Julius Schmidlin and Paul Massini, where perox...	Peroxydiphosphoric acid	[ "Chemistry" ]	359	[ "Acids", "Inorganic compounds", "Mineral acids" ]
41,378,045	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproductive%20Toxicology%20%28journal%29	Reproductive Toxicology is a peer-reviewed journal published bimonthly by Elsevier which focuses on the effects of toxic substances on the reproductive system. The journal was established in 1987 and is affiliated with the European Teratology Society. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 im...	Reproductive Toxicology (journal)	[ "Environmental_science" ]	89	[ "Toxicology journals", "Toxicology" ]
49,088,255	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold%E2%80%93Beltrami%E2%80%93Childress%20flow	The Arnold–Beltrami–Childress (ABC) flow or Gromeka–Arnold–Beltrami–Childress (GABC) flow is a three-dimensional incompressible velocity field which is an exact solution of Euler's equation. Its representation in Cartesian coordinates is the following: where is the material derivative of the Lagrangian motion ...	Arnold–Beltrami–Childress flow	[ "Chemistry", "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	397	[ "Chemical engineering", "Mathematical objects", "Differential equations", "Equations", "Piping", "Fluid dynamics stubs", "Fluid dynamics" ]
49,093,735	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyman-Gordon%2050%2C000%20ton%20forging%20press	The Wyman-Gordon 50,000-ton forging press is a forging press located at the Wyman-Gordon Grafton Plant that was built as part of the Heavy Press Program by the United States Air Force. It was manufactured by Loewy Hydropress of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and began operation in October, 1955. References External links P...	Wyman-Gordon 50,000 ton forging press	[ "Engineering" ]	86	[ "Industrial machinery" ]
51,425,999	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA%20replication%20stress	DNA replication stress refers to the state of a cell whose genome is exposed to various stresses. The events that contribute to replication stress occur during DNA replication, and can result in a stalled replication fork. There are many events that contribute to replication stress, including: Misincorporation of rib...	DNA replication stress	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	1,261	[ "DNA replication", "Molecular genetics", "Genetics techniques", "Molecular biology" ]
47,349,294	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjective%20expected%20relative%20similarity	Subjective expected relative similarity (SERS) is a normative and descriptive theory that predicts and explains cooperation levels in a family of games termed Similarity Sensitive Games (SSG), among them the well-known Prisoner's Dilemma game (PD). SERS was originally developed in order to (i) provide a new rational so...	Subjective expected relative similarity	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,449	[ "Game theory" ]
47,349,607	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorine%20gas%20poisoning	Chlorine gas poisoning is an illness resulting from the effects of exposure to chlorine beyond the threshold limit value. Acute chlorine gas poisoning primarily affects the respiratory system, causing difficulty breathing, cough, irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, and sometimes skin irritation. Higher exposures...	Chlorine gas poisoning	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Environmental_science" ]	1,353	[ "Matter", "Toxicology", "Phases of matter", "Toxic effects of substances chiefly nonmedicinal as to source", "Statistical mechanics", "Gases" ]
47,350,023	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDH13	Retinol dehydrogenase 13 (all-trans/9-cis) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RDH13 gene. This gene encodes a mitochondrial short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase, which catalyzes the reduction and oxidation of retinoids. The encoded enzyme may function in retinoic acid production and may also protect the mitoc...	RDH13	[ "Chemistry" ]	773	[ "Biomolecules by chemical classification", "Proteins", "Molecular biology" ]
55,865,352	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic%20intensity%20scales	Seismic intensity scales categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) at a given location, such as resulting from an earthquake. They are distinguished from seismic magnitude scales, which measure the magnitude or overall strength of an earthquake, which may, or perhaps may not, cause perceptible sh...	Seismic intensity scales	[ "Engineering" ]	949	[ "Earthquake engineering", "Civil engineering", "Structural engineering" ]
55,866,076	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acylindrically%20hyperbolic%20group	In the mathematical subject of geometric group theory, an acylindrically hyperbolic group is a group admitting a non-elementary 'acylindrical' isometric action on some geodesic hyperbolic metric space. This notion generalizes the notions of a hyperbolic group and of a relatively hyperbolic group and includes a signific...	Acylindrically hyperbolic group	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	1,311	[ "Geometric group theory", "Group actions", "Geometric topology", "Group theory", "Fields of abstract algebra", "Topology", "Geometry", "Symmetry" ]
55,872,661	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category%20of%20representations	In representation theory, the category of representations of some algebraic structure has the representations of as objects and equivariant maps as morphisms between them. One of the basic thrusts of representation theory is to understand the conditions under which this category is semisimple; i.e., whether an object...	Category of representations	[ "Mathematics" ]	834	[ "Mathematical structures", "Fields of abstract algebra", "Category theory", "Categories in category theory", "Representation theory" ]
60,682,233	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikiel%27s%20conjecture	In mathematics, Nikiel's conjecture in general topology was a conjectural characterization of the continuous image of a compact total order. The conjecture was first formulated by in 1986. The conjecture was proven by Mary Ellen Rudin in 1999. The conjecture states that a compact topological space is the continuous...	Nikiel's conjecture	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	87	[ "Mathematical theorems", "Topology stubs", "Topology", "Space", "Geometry", "Conjectures that have been proved", "Spacetime", "Mathematical problems" ]
60,696,171	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Custirsen	Custirsen, with aliases including custirsen sodium, OGX-011, and CC-8490, is an investigational drug that is under clinical testing for the treatment of cancer. It is an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting clusterin expression. In metastatic prostate cancer, custirsen showed no benefit in improving overall survi...	Custirsen	[ "Biology" ]	1,397	[ "Therapeutic gene modulation" ]
44,244,186	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-point%20flexural%20test	The four-point flexural test provides values for the modulus of elasticity in bending , flexural stress , flexural strain and the flexural stress-strain response of the material. This test is very similar to the three-point bending flexural test. The major difference being that with the addition of a fourth bearing th...	Four-point flexural test	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	1,151	[ "Materials testing", "Mechanics", "Materials science", "Mechanical engineering" ]
44,245,768	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medrylamine	Medrylamine is an antihistamine related to diphenhydramine. References Dimethylamino compounds Ethers H1 receptor antagonists Muscarinic antagonists Muscle relaxants	Medrylamine	[ "Chemistry" ]	41	[ "Organic compounds", "Functional groups", "Ethers" ]
44,248,016	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface%20%28journal%29	Interface (also known as The Electrochemical Society Interface) is a quarterly open access scientific journal published by the Electrochemical Society covering developments in electrochemistry and solid-state chemistry, as well as news and information about and for members of the society. History The journal was esta...	Interface (journal)	[ "Chemistry" ]	181	[ "Electrochemistry journals", "Electrochemistry", "Electrochemistry stubs", "Physical chemistry journals", "Physical chemistry stubs" ]
44,252,795	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%27%20cyclically%20symmetric%20attractor	In the dynamical systems theory, Thomas' cyclically symmetric attractor is a 3D strange attractor originally proposed by René Thomas. It has a simple form which is cyclically symmetric in the x, y, and z variables and can be viewed as the trajectory of a frictionally dampened particle moving in a 3D lattice of forces. ...	Thomas' cyclically symmetric attractor	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	298	[ "Functions and mappings", "Mathematical objects", "Nonlinear systems", "Mechanics", "Mathematical relations", "Chaotic maps", "Dynamical systems" ]
67,151,652	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piezoelectrochemical%20transducer%20effect	The piezoelectrochemical transducer effect (PECT) is a coupling between the electrochemical potential and the mechanical strain in ion-insertion-based electrode materials. It is similar to the piezoelectric effect – with both exhibiting a voltage-strain coupling - although the PECT effect relies on movement of ions wit...	Piezoelectrochemical transducer effect	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	1,070	[ "Physical phenomena", "Materials", "Electrical phenomena", "Electrochemistry", "Piezoelectric materials", "Matter" ]
67,153,627	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue%20clearing	Tissue clearing refers to a group of chemical techniques used to turn tissues transparent. By turning tissues transparent to certain wavelengths of light, it allows one to gain optical access to a tissue. That is, light can pass into and out of the cleared tissue freely, allowing one to see the structures deep within t...	Tissue clearing	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	906	[ "Biological engineering", "Cloning", "Chemical engineering", "Tissue engineering", "Medical technology" ]
42,801,222	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breit%E2%80%93Wheeler%20process	The Breit–Wheeler process or Breit–Wheeler pair production is a proposed physical process in which a positron–electron pair is created from the collision of two photons. It is the simplest mechanism by which pure light can be potentially transformed into matter. The process can take the form γ γ′ → e+ e− where γ and γ′...	Breit–Wheeler process	[ "Physics" ]	1,903	[ "Theoretical physics", "Hypotheses in physics" ]
42,804,273	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosomally%20synthesized%20and%20post-translationally%20modified%20peptides	Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs), also known as ribosomal natural products, are a diverse class of natural products of ribosomal origin. Consisting of more than 20 sub-classes, RiPPs are produced by a variety of organisms, including prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and archaea, and the...	Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	6,664	[ "Biomolecules by chemical classification", "Peptides", "Biosynthesis", "Chemical synthesis", "Molecular biology", "Biochemistry", "Metabolism" ]
42,806,211	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conway%20criterion	In the mathematical theory of tessellations, the Conway criterion, named for the English mathematician John Horton Conway, is a sufficient rule for when a prototile will tile the plane. It consists of the following requirements: The tile must be a closed topological disk with six consecutive points A, B, C, D, E, an...	Conway criterion	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	812	[ "Tessellation", "Planes (geometry)", "Euclidean plane geometry", "Symmetry" ]
42,809,646	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiophysical%20Research%20Institute	The Radiophysical Research Institute (NIRFI), based in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, is a research institute that conducts basic and applied research in the field of radiophysics, radio astronomy, cosmology and radio engineering. It is also known for its work in solar physics, sun-earth physics as well as the related geophy...	Radiophysical Research Institute	[ "Physics", "Astronomy" ]	193	[ "Radio astronomy", "Astronomical sub-disciplines", "Astrophysics" ]
42,810,674	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In%20vitro%20to%20in%20vivo%20extrapolation	In vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) refers to the qualitative or quantitative transposition of experimental results or observations made in vitro to predict phenomena in vivo, biological organisms. The problem of transposing in vitro results is particularly acute in areas such as toxicology where animal experime...	In vitro to in vivo extrapolation	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	669	[ "Latin biological phrases", "Animal testing", "Alternatives to animal testing" ]
62,817,045	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc%20oxide%20nanostructure	Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures are structures with at least one dimension on the nanometre scale, composed predominantly of zinc oxide. They may be combined with other composite substances to change the chemistry, structure or function of the nanostructures in order to be used in various technologies. Many different n...	Zinc oxide nanostructure	[ "Materials_science" ]	2,490	[ "Nanotechnology", "Nanomaterials" ]
62,817,424	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemispherical%20electron%20energy%20analyzer	A hemispherical electron energy analyzer or hemispherical deflection analyzer is a type of electron energy spectrometer generally used for applications where high energy resolution is needed—different varieties of electron spectroscopy such as angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), X-ray photoelectron spec...	Hemispherical electron energy analyzer	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	1,079	[ "Electron spectroscopy", "Spectroscopy", "Spectrum (physical sciences)" ]
54,286,399	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curie%27s%20principle	Curie's principle, or Curie's symmetry principle, is a maxim about cause and effect formulated by Pierre Curie in 1894: The idea was based on the ideas of Franz Ernst Neumann and Bernhard Minnigerode. Thus, it is sometimes known as the Neuman–Minnigerode–Curie principle. References Group theory Concepts in physics...	Curie's principle	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	76	[ "Group theory", "Fields of abstract algebra", "nan", "Geometry", "Symmetry" ]
54,287,671	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmon%20coupling	Plasmon coupling is a phenomenon that occurs when two or more plasmonic particles approach each other to a distance below approximately one diameter's length. Upon the occurrence of plasmon coupling, the resonance of individual particles start to hybridize, and their resonance spectrum peak wavelength will shift (eithe...	Plasmon coupling	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	517	[ "Plasmonics", "Surface science", "Condensed matter physics", "Nanotechnology", "Solid state engineering" ]
54,288,469	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template-guided%20self-assembly	Template-guided self-assembly is a versatile fabrication process that can arrange various micrometer to nanometer sized particles into lithographically created template with defined patterns. The process contain the following four steps. Create Template The "template" can be created by either photolithography or e-be...	Template-guided self-assembly	[ "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	360	[ "Materials science", "Microtechnology" ]
54,290,686	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARC%20Centre%20of%20Excellence%20in%20Future%20Low-Energy%20Electronics%20Technologies	The ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (or FLEET) is a collaboration of physicists, electrical engineers, chemists and material scientists from seven Australian universities developing ultra-low energy electronics aimed at reducing energy use in information technology (IT). The Centr...	ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	768	[ "Materials science", "Materials science organizations", "nan", "Electrical engineering organizations", "Electrical engineering" ]
54,294,051	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20de%20Chimie%20Industrielle%20%28American%20Section%29	The Société de Chimie Industrielle (American Section) is an independent learned society inspired by the creation of the Société de Chimie Industrielle in Paris in 1917. The American Section was formed on January 18, 1918, and held its first meeting on April 4, 1918. The Société de Chimie Industrielle (American Sectio...	Société de Chimie Industrielle (American Section)	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	784	[ "Chemical engineering", "Chemical engineering organizations" ]
54,295,335	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnadur	Magnadur is a sintered barium ferrite, specifically BaFe12O19 in an anisotropic form. It is used for making permanent magnets. The material was invented by Mullard and was used initially particularly for focussing rings on cathode-ray tubes. Magnadur magnets retain their magnetism well, and are often used in education....	Magnadur	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	123	[ "Inorganic compounds", "Ferromagnetic materials", "Inorganic compound stubs", "Materials", "Matter" ]
70,019,055	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cebuano%20numerals	The Cebuano numbers are the system of number names used in Cebuano to express quantities and other information related to numbers. Cebuano has two number systems: the native system and the Spanish-derived system. The native system is mostly used for counting small numbers, basic measurement, and for other pre-existing ...	Cebuano numerals	[ "Mathematics" ]	472	[ "Numeral systems", "Numerals" ]
70,019,903	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20Protection%20Zone	A Water Protection Zone is a statutory regulation imposed under Schedule 11 to the Water Resources Act 1991. The power was subsequently subsumed into The Water Resources Act (Amendment) (England and Wales) Regulations 2009. The only example in the UK was applied to the River Dee in 1999 as The Water Protection Zone (Ri...	Water Protection Zone	[ "Mathematics" ]	236	[ "Applied mathematics", "Mathematical modeling" ]
70,028,071	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo%20and%20Ulysses%20Dust%20Detectors	The Galileo and Ulysses Dust Detectors are almost identical dust instruments on the Galileo and Ulysses missions. The instruments are large-area (0.1 m2 sensitive area) highly reliable impact ionization detectors of sub-micron and micron sized dust particles. With these instruments the interplanetary dust cloud was ch...	Galileo and Ulysses Dust Detectors	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	904	[ "Scientific instruments", "Measuring instruments" ]
65,682,506	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magway%20Ltd	Magway is a UK startup noted for its e-commerce and freight delivery system that aims to transport goods in pods that fit in new and existing -diameter pipes, underground and overground, reducing road congestion and air pollution. It uses linear magnetic motors to shuttle pods, designed to accommodate a standard delive...	Magway Ltd	[ "Physics", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	382	[ "Transport systems", "Vacuum", "Sustainable transport", "Transport", "Physical systems", "Vacuum systems", "Matter" ]
61,864,866	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrification%20and%20controls%20technology	Electrification and controls technology are devices that control, service and enhance productivity of industrial handling. Controls interface with hardware such as receivers, cranes and hoists, through a network in order to ensure that equipment operates safely and effectively. Almost every business, including the food...	Electrification and controls technology	[ "Engineering" ]	304	[ "Control engineering" ]
61,869,688	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eva%20Regnier	Eva Dorothy Regnier (born 1971) is a decision scientist whose research concerns the interaction between human decision-making and environmental prediction. She is a professor of decision science in the Graduate School of Business and Public Policy of the Naval Postgraduate School. Education and career Regnier graduate...	Eva Regnier	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	343	[ "Environmental engineers", "Environmental engineering" ]
64,210,868	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pop-up%20bicycle%20lane	A pop-up bicycle lane (also known as a pop-up cycle path or corona cycle path) is a temporary bike lane that is used to test, pilot or trial new infrastructure to improve conditions for people riding bicycles. In the event that it is successful, interventions can be implemented permanently. During the COVID-19 pandemi...	Pop-up bicycle lane	[ "Physics" ]	1,502	[ "Physical systems", "Transport", "Transport infrastructure" ]
64,212,921	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyper-IL-6	Hyper-IL-6 is a designer cytokine, which was generated by the German biochemist Stefan Rose-John. Hyper-IL-6 is a fusion protein of the four-helical cytokine Interleukin-6 and the soluble Interleukin-6 receptor which are covalently linked by a flexible peptide linker. Interleukin-6 on target cells binds to a membrane b...	Hyper-IL-6	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	1,003	[ "Biochemistry", "Cytokines", "nan", "Signal transduction" ]
64,215,003	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C3%B3si%E2%80%93Penrose%20model	The Diósi–Penrose model was introduced as a possible solution to the measurement problem, where the wave function collapse is related to gravity. The model was first suggested by Lajos Diósi when studying how possible gravitational fluctuations may affect the dynamics of quantum systems. Later, following a different li...	Diósi–Penrose model	[ "Physics" ]	2,046	[ "Interpretations of quantum mechanics", "Quantum measurement", "Quantum mechanics" ]
64,216,555	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenVSP	OpenVSP (also Open Vehicle Sketch Pad) — is an open-source parametric aircraft geometry tool originally developed by NASA. It can be used to create 3D models of aircraft and to support engineering analysis of those models. History Predecessors to OpenVSP including VSP and Rapid Aircraft Modeler (RAM) were developed b...	OpenVSP	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	987	[ "Computational fluid dynamics", "Fluid dynamics", "Computational physics" ]
64,224,034	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togni%20reagent%20II	Togni reagent II (1-trifluoromethyl-1,2-benziodoxol-3(1H)-one) is a chemical compound used in organic synthesis for direct electrophilic trifluoromethylation. History Synthesis, properties, and reactivity of the compound were first described in 2006 by Antonio Togni and his coworkers at ETH Zurich. The article also c...	Togni reagent II	[ "Chemistry" ]	590	[ "Iodanes", "Oxidizing agents", "Reagents for organic chemistry" ]
68,551,030	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRL-0617	GRL-0617 is a drug which is one of the first compounds discovered that acts as a selective small-molecule inhibitor of the protease enzyme papain-like protease (PLpro) found in some human pathogenic viruses, including the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It has been shown to inhibit viral replication in silico and in vitro. S...	GRL-0617	[ "Biology" ]	112	[ "Antiviral drugs", "Biocides" ]
68,553,796	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic%20vaccine	A genetic vaccine (also gene-based vaccine) is a vaccine that contains nucleic acids such as DNA or RNA that lead to protein biosynthesis of antigens within a cell. Genetic vaccines thus include DNA vaccines, RNA vaccines and viral vector vaccines. Properties Most vaccines other than live attenuated vaccines and gene...	Genetic vaccine	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	847	[ "Genetics techniques", "Molecular biology techniques", "Vaccination", "Vaccines", "Gene delivery" ]
52,973,193	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nano-FTIR	Nano-FTIR (nanoscale Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) is a scanning probe technique that utilizes as a combination of two techniques: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM). As s-SNOM, nano-FTIR is based on atomic-force microscopy (AFM)...	Nano-FTIR	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	4,360	[ "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Infrared spectroscopy", "Scanning probe microscopy", "Microscopy", "Nanotechnology", "Spectroscopy" ]
51,433,179	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmon	In physical cosmology, a cosmon or cosmonium is a hypothetical form of matter. The idea was originally proposed by Georges Lemaître, who suggested the concept of a 'primeval atom’ (L'Hypothèse de l'Atome Primitif) 1946, leading up to the theory of the Big Bang. He illustrated the idea by imagining an object 30 times la...	Cosmon	[ "Physics", "Astronomy" ]	325	[ "Astronomical sub-disciplines", "Theoretical physics", "Unsolved problems in physics", "Astrophysics", "Hypothetical elementary particles", "Physics beyond the Standard Model", "Physical cosmology" ]
51,437,973	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panting%20%28ship%20construction%29	Panting refers to the tendency of steel hull plating to flex in and out like an oil can being squeezed when a ship is pitching. This occurs when a ship is making headway in waves. Panting creates significant stress on a ship's hull. It is potentially dangerous and can result in flooding and the separation of the hull...	Panting (ship construction)	[ "Engineering" ]	114	[ "Naval architecture", "Shipbuilding", "Marine engineering" ]
51,443,362	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20augmentation	Data augmentation is a statistical technique which allows maximum likelihood estimation from incomplete data. Data augmentation has important applications in Bayesian analysis, and the technique is widely used in machine learning to reduce overfitting when training machine learning models, achieved by training models o...	Data augmentation	[ "Engineering" ]	1,328	[ "Artificial intelligence engineering", "Machine learning" ]
41,394,066	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical%20roller%20thrust%20bearing	A spherical roller thrust bearing is a rolling-element bearing of thrust type that permits rotation with low friction, and permits angular misalignment. The bearing is designed to take radial loads, and heavy axial loads in one direction. Typically these bearings support a rotating shaft in the bore of the shaft washer...	Spherical roller thrust bearing	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	585	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Mechanical engineering" ]
41,396,440	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%E2%80%93Kasper%20phases	Topologically close pack (TCP) phases, also known as Frank-Kasper (FK) phases, are one of the largest groups of intermetallic compounds, known for their complex crystallographic structure and physical properties. Owing to their combination of periodic and aperiodic structure, some TCP phases belong to the class of quas...	Frank–Kasper phases	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	1,036	[ "Inorganic compounds", "Metallurgy", "Crystal structure types", "Crystallography", "Alloys", "Intermetallics", "Condensed matter physics" ]
47,360,281	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild-type%20transthyretin%20amyloid	Wild-type transthyretin amyloid (WTTA), also known as senile systemic amyloidosis (SSA), is a disease that typically affects the heart and tendons of elderly people. It is caused by the accumulation of a wild-type (that is to say a normal) protein called transthyretin. This is in contrast to a related condition called ...	Wild-type transthyretin amyloid	[ "Chemistry" ]	876	[ "Histopathology", "Microscopy" ]
47,361,435	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teardrop%20%28electronics%29	A teardrop is typically drop-shaped feature on a printed circuit board and can be found on the junction of vias or contact pads. Purpose The main purpose of teardrops is to enhance structural integrity in presence of thermal or mechanical stresses, for example due to vibration or flexing. Structural integrity may be c...	Teardrop (electronics)	[ "Engineering" ]	275	[ "Electrical engineering", "Electronic engineering", "Printed circuit board manufacturing" ]
47,361,597	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornforth%20rearrangement	In organic chemistry, the Cornforth rearrangement is a rearrangement reaction of a 4-acyloxazole in which the group attached to an acyl on position 4 and the substituent on position 5 of an oxazole ring exchange places. It was first reported in 1949, and is named for John Cornforth. The reaction is used in the synthesi...	Cornforth rearrangement	[ "Chemistry" ]	336	[ "Name reactions", "Rearrangement reactions", "Organic chemistry stubs", "Organic reactions" ]
59,222,107	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pairing%20strategy	In a positional game, a pairing strategy is a strategy that a player can use to guarantee victory, or at least force a draw. It is based on dividing the positions on the game-board into disjoint pairs. Whenever the opponent picks a position in a pair, the player picks the other position in the same pair. Example Cons...	Pairing strategy	[ "Mathematics" ]	660	[ "Recreational mathematics", "Game theory", "Combinatorial game theory", "Combinatorics" ]
59,225,922	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand%20reinforced%20polyester%20composite	Sand reinforced polyester composites (SPCs), are building materials with sand acting as reinforcement in the composite. Pioneers in using sand reinforced composites include German business men Gerhard Dust and Gunther Plötner, who made sand reinforced composite bricks with polyester resin and hardener to provide emerge...	Sand reinforced polyester composite	[ "Physics" ]	289	[ "Materials", "Composite materials", "Matter" ]
71,478,579	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NLTS%20conjecture	In quantum information theory, the no low-energy trivial state (NLTS) conjecture is a precursor to a quantum PCP theorem (qPCP) and posits the existence of families of Hamiltonians with all low-energy states of non-trivial complexity. It was formulated by Michael Freedman and Matthew Hastings in 2013. NLTS is a consequ...	NLTS conjecture	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,004	[ "Unsolved problems in mathematics", "Conjectures", "Conjectures that have been proved", "Mathematical problems", "Mathematical theorems" ]
71,481,267	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%20Hermann%20Medal	The Carl Hermann Medal is the highest award in the field of crystallography from the German Crystallographic Society. It is named after the German physicist and professor of crystallography Carl Hermann, who along with Paul Peter Ewald, created the Strukturbericht designation system for crystallographic prototypes. The...	Carl Hermann Medal	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Technology" ]	267	[ "Science and technology awards", "Crystallography awards", "Crystallography", "Science award stubs" ]
71,483,551	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum%20%28physical%20sciences%29	In the physical sciences, the term spectrum was introduced first into optics by Isaac Newton in the 17th century, referring to the range of colors observed when white light was dispersed through a prism. Soon the term referred to a plot of light intensity or power as a function of frequency or wavelength, also known a...	Spectrum (physical sciences)	[ "Physics" ]	2,204	[ "Waves", "Physical phenomena", "Spectrum (physical sciences)" ]
71,486,679	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trioctylphosphine%20selenide	Trioctylphosphine selenide (TOPSe) is an organophosphorus compound with the formula SeP(C8H17)3. It is used as a source of selenium in the preparation of cadmium selenide. TOPSe is a white, air-stable solid that is soluble in organic solvents. The molecule features a tetrahedral phosphorus center. Preparation and us...	Trioctylphosphine selenide	[ "Chemistry" ]	196	[ "Organophosphorus compounds", "Organic compounds", "Functional groups" ]
49,104,078	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium%20monobromide	Aluminium monobromide is a chemical compound with the empirical formula AlBr. It forms from the reaction of HBr with Al metal at high temperature. It disproportionates near room temperature: 6/n "[AlBr]n" → Al2Br6 + 4 Al This reaction is reversed at temperatures higher than 1000 °C. A more stable compound of alum...	Aluminium monobromide	[ "Chemistry" ]	125	[ "Bromides", "Inorganic compounds", "Inorganic compound stubs", "Salts" ]
49,109,176	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technofeminism	Technofeminism is a theoretical and practical framework that explores the intersections between technology, gender, and power. Rooted in feminist thought, it critically examines how technology shapes, reinforces, or disrupts gender inequalities and seeks to envision more equitable futures through technological design a...	Technofeminism	[ "Technology" ]	1,158	[ "Women and science", "Women in science and technology" ]
49,109,446	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Losses%20in%20electrical%20systems	In an electrical or electronic circuit or power system part of the energy in play is dissipated by unwanted effects, including energy lost by unwanted heating of resistive components (electricity is also used for the intention of heating, which is not a loss), the effect of parasitic elements (resistance, capacitance, ...	Losses in electrical systems	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	337	[ "Power (physics)", "Electrical engineering", "Electric power", "Physical quantities" ]
49,112,440	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orientation%20sheaf	In the mathematical field of algebraic topology, the orientation sheaf on a manifold X of dimension n is a locally constant sheaf oX on X such that the stalk of oX at a point x is the local homology group (in the integer coefficients or some other coefficients). Let be the sheaf of differential k-forms on a manifold...	Orientation sheaf	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	234	[ "Algebraic topology", "Topology stubs", "Fields of abstract algebra", "Topology", "Space", "Geometry", "Spacetime", "Orientation (geometry)" ]
44,260,712	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNP%20annotation	Single nucleotide polymorphism annotation (SNP annotation) is the process of predicting the effect or function of an individual SNP using SNP annotation tools. In SNP annotation the biological information is extracted, collected and displayed in a clear form amenable to query. SNP functional annotation is typically per...	SNP annotation	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering", "Biology" ]	2,361	[ "Bioinformatics", "Biological engineering", "Biochemistry", "Molecular biology" ]
44,260,845	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam%20and%20Warming%20scheme	In numerical mathematics, Beam and Warming scheme or Beam–Warming implicit scheme introduced in 1978 by Richard M. Beam and R. F. Warming, is a second order accurate implicit scheme, mainly used for solving non-linear hyperbolic equations. It is not used much nowadays. Introduction This scheme is a spatially factore...	Beam and Warming scheme	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ]	579	[ "Mathematical analysis", "Computational fluid dynamics", "Finite differences", "Computational physics", "Fluid dynamics" ]
55,875,682	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complementarity%20plot	The complementarity plot (CP) is a graphical tool for structural validation of atomic models for both folded globular proteins and protein-protein interfaces. It is based on a probabilistic representation of preferred amino acid side-chain orientation, analogous to the preferred backbone orientation of Ramachandran plo...	Complementarity plot	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	1,151	[ "Biochemistry methods", "Protein–protein interaction assays" ]
55,878,980	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strength%20of%20glass	Glass typically has a tensile strength of . However, the theoretical upper bound on its strength is orders of magnitude higher: . This high value is due to the strong chemical Si–O bonds of silicon dioxide. Imperfections of the glass, such as bubbles, and in particular surface flaws, such as scratches, have a great ef...	Strength of glass	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	232	[ "Glass engineering and science", "Glass physics", "Condensed matter physics" ]
55,879,362	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molybdocene%20dihydride	Molybdocene dihydride is the organomolybdenum compound with the formula (η5-C5H5)2MoH2. Commonly abbreviated as Cp2MoH2, it is a yellow air-sensitive solid that dissolves in some organic solvents. The compound is prepared by combining molybdenum pentachloride, sodium cyclopentadienide, and sodium borohydride. The dih...	Molybdocene dihydride	[ "Chemistry" ]	173	[ "Organometallic chemistry", "Cyclopentadienyl complexes" ]
67,159,816	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osserman%E2%80%93Xavier%E2%80%93Fujimoto%20theorem	In the mathematical field of differential geometry, the Osserman–Xavier–Fujimoto theorem concerns the Gauss maps of minimal surfaces in the three-dimensional Euclidean space. It says that if a minimal surface is immersed and geodesically complete, then the image of the Gauss map either consists of a single point (so th...	Osserman–Xavier–Fujimoto theorem	[ "Mathematics" ]	469	[ "Theorems in differential geometry", "Geometry stubs", "Conjectures that have been proved", "Geometry", "Theorems in geometry", "Mathematical problems", "Mathematical theorems" ]
67,160,105	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dungey%20Cycle	The Dungey cycle, officially proposed by James Dungey in 1961, is a phenomenon that explains interactions between a planet's magnetosphere and solar wind. Dungey originally proposed a cyclic behavior of magnetic reconnection between Earth's magnetosphere and flux of solar wind. This reconnection explained previously ob...	Dungey Cycle	[ "Physics", "Astronomy" ]	471	[ "Space plasmas", "Physical phenomena", "Astrophysics", "Planetary science", "Solar phenomena", "Stellar phenomena", "Astronomical sub-disciplines" ]
67,168,311	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustan%20Syringes%20%26%20Medical%20Devices	Hindustan Syringes & Medical Devices is one of the major world firms manufacturing medical syringes and one of the few producing a special type of syringe suitable for making efficient use of the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. The New Delhi factories have been producing 2.5 billion syringes a year, increasing their...	Hindustan Syringes & Medical Devices	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	378	[ "Pharmacology", "Drug delivery devices", "Medical equipment", "Medical technology" ]
42,812,764	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection%20shadow	The selection shadow is a concept involved with the evolutionary theories of aging that states that selection pressures on an individual decrease as an individual ages and passes sexual maturity, resulting in a "shadow" of time where selective fitness is not considered. Over generations, this results in maladaptive mut...	Selection shadow	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	783	[ "Senescence", "Evolutionary biology", "Metabolism", "Cellular processes" ]
42,812,909	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibakujumoku	Hibakujumoku (; also called survivor tree or A-bombed tree in English) is a Japanese term for a tree that survived the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. The term is from and . Damage The heat emitted by the explosion in Hiroshima within the first three seconds at a distance of three kilometres from...	Hibakujumoku	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	353	[ "Physical phenomena", "Materials science", "Radiation", "Condensed matter physics", "Radiation effects" ]
42,818,038	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhazinilam	Rhazinilam is an alkaloid first isolated in 1965 by Linde from the Melodinus australis plant. It was later isolated from the shrub Rhazya stricta as well as from other organisms. Biological activity Rhazinilam has activity similar to that of colchicine, taxol and vinblastine, acting as a spindle poison. Total synthes...	Rhazinilam	[ "Chemistry" ]	122	[ "Biomolecules by chemical classification", "Chemical ecology", "Natural products", "Plant toxins", "Organic compounds", "Chemical synthesis", "Total synthesis", "Alkaloids" ]
70,046,013	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen%20cryomagnetics	Hydrogen cryomagnetics is a term used to denote the use of cryogenic liquid hydrogen to cool the windings of an electromagnet. A key benefit of hydrogen cryomagnetics is that low temperature liquid hydrogen can be deployed simultaneously both as a cryogen to cool electromagnet windings and as an energy carrier . That i...	Hydrogen cryomagnetics	[ "Physics" ]	2,298	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Cryogenics" ]
61,872,938	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylcarbylamine%20chloride	Phenylcarbylamine chloride is a chemical compound that was used as a chemical warfare agent. It is an oily liquid with an onion-like odor. Classified as an isocyanide dichloride, this compound is a lung irritant with lachrymatory effects. Synthesis Phenylcarbylamine chloride is produced by chlorination of phenyl isoth...	Phenylcarbylamine chloride	[ "Chemistry" ]	118	[ "Chemical weapons", "Organic chemistry stubs", "Organic compounds", "Lachrymatory agents", "Organic compound stubs", "Pulmonary agents" ]

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