id
int64
39
79M
url
stringlengths
31
227
text
stringlengths
6
334k
source
stringlengths
1
150
categories
listlengths
1
6
token_count
int64
3
71.8k
subcategories
listlengths
0
30
14,477,343
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-acute-withdrawal%20syndrome
Post-acute withdrawal syndrome (PAWS) is a hypothesized set of persistent impairments that occur after withdrawal from alcohol, opiates, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and other substances. Infants born to mothers who used substances of dependence during pregnancy may also experience a PAWS. While PAWS has been fre...
Post-acute-withdrawal syndrome
[ "Chemistry" ]
1,445
[ "Drug safety", "Adverse effects of psychoactive drugs" ]
14,477,647
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quack.com
Quack.com was an early voice portal company. The domain name later was used for Quack, an iPad search application from AOL. History It was founded in 1998 by Steven Woods, Jeromy Carriere and Alex Quilici as a Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, based voice portal infrastructure company named Quackware. Quack was the firs...
Quack.com
[ "Technology" ]
762
[ "Natural language and computing", "Computational linguistics" ]
14,477,915
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHRNA7
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7, also known as nAChRα7, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CHRNA7 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of certain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAchR). Function The nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are members of a superfamily of...
CHRNA7
[ "Chemistry" ]
519
[ "Neurochemistry", "Ion channels" ]
14,477,930
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban%20anthropology
Urban anthropology is a subset of anthropology concerned with issues of urbanization, poverty, urban space, social relations, and neoliberalism. The field has become consolidated in the 1960s and 1970s. Ulf Hannerz quotes a 1960s remark that traditional anthropologists were "a notoriously agoraphobic lot, anti-urban b...
Urban anthropology
[ "Engineering" ]
3,088
[ "Urban planning", "Architecture" ]
14,478,153
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stars%20and%20bars%20%28combinatorics%29
In combinatorics, stars and bars (also called "sticks and stones", "balls and bars", and "dots and dividers") is a graphical aid for deriving certain combinatorial theorems. It can be used to solve many simple counting problems, such as how many ways there are to put indistinguishable balls into distinguishable bins....
Stars and bars (combinatorics)
[ "Mathematics" ]
2,051
[ "Discrete mathematics", "Applied probability", "Applied mathematics", "Combinatorics", "Articles containing proofs" ]
14,479,423
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagittarius%20Window%20Eclipsing%20Extrasolar%20Planet%20Search
The Sagittarius Window Eclipsing Extrasolar Planet Search, or SWEEPS, was a 2006 astronomical survey project using the Hubble Space Telescope's Advanced Camera for Surveys - Wide Field Channel to monitor 180,000 stars for seven days to detect extrasolar planets via the transit method. Area examined The stars that wer...
Sagittarius Window Eclipsing Extrasolar Planet Search
[ "Astronomy" ]
381
[ "Exoplanet search projects", "Astronomical surveys", "Works about astronomy", "Constellations", "Astronomy projects", "Sagittarius (constellation)", "Astronomical objects" ]
14,479,711
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-concordant%20function
A self-concordant function is a function satisfying a certain differential inequality, which makes it particularly easy for optimization using Newton's method A self-concordant barrier is a particular self-concordant function, that is also a barrier function for a particular convex set. Self-concordant barriers are imp...
Self-concordant function
[ "Mathematics" ]
2,889
[ "Mathematical analysis", "Mathematical objects", "Functions and mappings", "Mathematical relations" ]
14,479,902
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogenic%20system
In classical mechanics, a physical system is termed a monogenic system if the force acting on the system can be modelled in a particular, especially convenient mathematical form. The systems that are typically studied in physics are monogenic. The term was introduced by Cornelius Lanczos in his book The Variational Pri...
Monogenic system
[ "Physics", "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]
313
[ "Theoretical physics", "Lagrangian mechanics", "Classical mechanics", "Hamiltonian mechanics", "Mechanics", "Mechanical engineering", "Dynamical systems" ]
14,481,299
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana%20Mar%C3%ADa%20L%C3%B3pez%20Colom%C3%A9
Ana María López Colomé is a distinguished Mexican biochemist who won the 2002 L'Oréal-UNESCO Award for Women in Science – Latin America for her studies on the human retina and the prevention of retinitis pigmentosa and several retinopathies. López Colomé is a former head of the Department of Biochemistry at the Facult...
Ana María López Colomé
[ "Chemistry" ]
505
[ "Biochemists", "Women biochemists" ]
14,481,648
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binder%20parameter
The Binder parameter or Binder cumulant in statistical physics, also known as the fourth-order cumulant is defined as the kurtosis of the order parameter, s, introduced by Austrian theoretical physicist Kurt Binder. It is frequently used to determine accurately phase transition points in numerical simulations of vario...
Binder parameter
[ "Physics" ]
212
[ "Statistical mechanics stubs", "Statistical mechanics" ]
14,481,951
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GHD%20Group
GHD Group Pty Ltd (formerly known as Gutteridge Haskins & Davey) is a global employee-owned multinational technical professional services firm providing advisory, architecture and design, buildings, digital, energy and resources, environmental, geosciences, project management, transportation and water services. GHD em...
GHD Group
[ "Engineering" ]
1,797
[ "Engineering consulting firms", "International engineering consulting firms" ]
14,482,131
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excavator%20controls
Excavator controls specifies ways of how a human operator controls the digging components (i.e. swing, boom, stick, bucket) of a piece of heavy machinery, such as a backhoe or an excavator. ISO controls The most commonly used control pattern throughout the world is the ISO controls. In the ISO control pattern, the le...
Excavator controls
[ "Engineering" ]
517
[ "Construction", "Engineering vehicles", "Construction standards" ]
14,482,403
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan%20Sebastiaan%20Ploem
Johan Sebastiaan Ploem (born 25 August 1927) is a Dutch microscopist and digital artist. He made significant contribution to the field of fluorescence microscopy, and invented reflection interference contrast microscopy. Early life and education Ploem was born on 25 August 1927 in Sawahlunto in West Sumatra, then par...
Johan Sebastiaan Ploem
[ "Chemistry" ]
1,295
[ "Microscopists", "Microscopy" ]
14,482,581
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long%20number
A long number (e.g. +44 7624 800555 in international notation or 07624 800555 in UK national notation), also known as a virtual mobile number (VMN), dedicated phone number MSISDN or long code, is a reception mechanism used by businesses to receive SMS messages and voice calls. As well as being internationally available...
Long number
[ "Mathematics" ]
485
[ "Mathematical objects", "Numbers", "Telephone numbers" ]
14,482,695
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drush
Drush (DRUpal SHell) is a computer software shell-based application used to control, manipulate, and administer Drupal websites. Details Drush was originally developed by Arto Bendiken for Drupal 4.7. In May 2007, it was partly rewritten and redesigned for Drupal 5 by Franz Heinzmann. Drush is maintained by Moshe Weit...
Drush
[ "Technology" ]
140
[ "Command-line software", "Computing commands" ]
14,482,760
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loewe%20%28electronics%29
Loewe Technology GmbH, doing business as Loewe (), is a German company that develops, designs, manufactures, and sells consumer electronics and electromechanical products and systems. The company was founded in Berlin, in 1923, by brothers Siegmund and David L. Loewe. Since 1948, the company has based its headquarters ...
Loewe (electronics)
[ "Engineering" ]
1,662
[ "Radio electronics", "Radio manufacturers" ]
14,483,033
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurora%20%28protocol%29
The Aurora Protocol is a link layer communications protocol for use on point-to-point serial links. Developed by Xilinx, it is intended for use in high-speed (gigabits/second and more) connections internally in a computer or in an embedded system. It uses either 8b/10b encoding or 64b/66b encoding. External links Of...
Aurora (protocol)
[ "Technology" ]
98
[ "Computing stubs", "Computer network stubs" ]
14,483,315
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonnor%E2%80%93Ebert%20mass
In astrophysics, the Bonnor–Ebert mass is the largest mass that an isothermal gas sphere embedded in a pressurized medium can have while still remaining in hydrostatic equilibrium. Clouds of gas with masses greater than the Bonnor–Ebert mass must inevitably undergo gravitational collapse to form much smaller and denser...
Bonnor–Ebert mass
[ "Physics", "Astronomy" ]
186
[ "Interstellar media", "Outer space", "Plasma physics", "Concepts in astronomy", "Astronomy stubs", "Astrophysics", "Astrophysics stubs", "Plasma physics stubs", "Equations of astronomy", "Outer space stubs" ]
14,483,784
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eagle%20Cap%20Wilderness
Eagle Cap Wilderness is a wilderness area located in the Wallowa Mountains of northeastern Oregon (United States), within the Wallowa–Whitman National Forest. The wilderness was established in 1940. In 1964, it was included in the National Wilderness Preservation System. A boundary revision in 1972 added and the Wil...
Eagle Cap Wilderness
[ "Biology" ]
1,453
[ "Old-growth forests", "Ecosystems" ]
14,484,306
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof%20mining
In proof theory, a branch of mathematical logic, proof mining (or proof unwinding) is a research program that studies or analyzes formalized proofs, especially in analysis, to obtain explicit bounds, ranges or rates of convergence from proofs that, when expressed in natural language, appear to be nonconstructive. This ...
Proof mining
[ "Mathematics" ]
156
[ "Mathematical logic stubs", "Mathematical logic", "Proof theory" ]
14,484,389
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20equipment%20provider
Network equipment providers (NEPs) – sometimes called telecommunications equipment manufacturers (TEMs) – sell products and services to communication service providers such as fixed or mobile operators as well as to enterprise customers. NEP technology allows for calls on mobile phones, Internet surfing, joining a con...
Network equipment provider
[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]
1,018
[ "Computer networking", "Computer science", "Computer engineering" ]
14,484,954
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC%20System%20Design%20Guide
The PC System Design Guide (also known as the PC-97, PC-98, PC-99, or PC 2001 specification) is a series of hardware design requirements and recommendations for IBM PC compatible personal computers, compiled by Microsoft and Intel Corporation during 1997–2001. They were aimed at helping manufacturers provide hardware t...
PC System Design Guide
[ "Technology" ]
732
[ "Computer standards" ]
14,485,522
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%2087
NGC 87 is a diffuse, highly disorganized barred irregular galaxy, part of Robert's Quartet, a group of four interacting galaxies. One supernova has been observed in NGC 87: SN 1994Z (type II, mag. 14.6) was discovered Alexander Wassilieff on 2 October 1994. See also Robert's Quartet List of NGC objects (1–1000) Re...
NGC 87
[ "Astronomy" ]
127
[ "Phoenix (constellation)", "Constellations" ]
14,485,655
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20members%20of%20the%20National%20Academy%20of%20Sciences%20%28Computer%20and%20information%20sciences%29
Computer and information sciences National Academy of Sciences (Computer and information sciences) Lists of computer scientists
List of members of the National Academy of Sciences (Computer and information sciences)
[ "Technology" ]
20
[ "Computing-related lists", "Lists of computer scientists" ]
14,485,830
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20members%20of%20the%20National%20Academy%20of%20Sciences%20%28Human%20environmental%20sciences%29
Human environmental sciences !
List of members of the National Academy of Sciences (Human environmental sciences)
[ "Environmental_science" ]
6
[ "American environmental scientists", "Environmental scientists" ]
14,485,857
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taft%20equation
The Taft equation is a linear free energy relationship (LFER) used in physical organic chemistry in the study of reaction mechanisms and in the development of quantitative structure–activity relationships for organic compounds. It was developed by Robert W. Taft in 1952 as a modification to the Hammett equation. Whi...
Taft equation
[ "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ]
1,694
[ "Equations", "Mathematical objects", "Physical organic chemistry" ]
14,485,938
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmodel
Transmodel, also known as Reference Data Model For Public Transport (EN 12896), is a European Standard for modelling and exchanging public transport information. It provides a standard data model and specialised data structures to uniformly represent common public transport concepts, facilitating the use of data in a w...
Transmodel
[ "Technology" ]
1,477
[ "Public transport information systems", "Information systems" ]
14,486,300
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identification%20of%20Fixed%20Objects%20in%20Public%20Transport
IFOPT (Identification of Fixed Objects in Public Transport) is a CEN Technical Specification that provides a Reference Data Model for describing the main fixed objects required for public access to Public transport, that is to say Transportation hubs (such as airports, stations, bus stops, ports, and other destination...
Identification of Fixed Objects in Public Transport
[ "Technology" ]
760
[ "Public transport information systems", "Information systems" ]
14,486,776
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contact%20analysis
In cryptanalysis, contact analysis is the study of the frequency with which certain symbols precede or follow other symbols. The method is used as an aid to breaking classical ciphers. Contact analysis is based on the fact that, in any sample of any written language, certain symbols appear adjacent to other symbols wi...
Contact analysis
[ "Technology" ]
251
[ "Cryptographic attacks", "Computer security exploits" ]
14,486,847
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycena%20galopus
Mycena galopus, commonly known as the milky mycena, milking bonnet or milk-drop mycena, is an inedible species of fungus in the family Mycenaceae of the order Agaricales. It produces small mushrooms that have grayish-brown, bell-shaped, radially-grooved caps up to wide. The gills are whitish to gray, widely spaced, an...
Mycena galopus
[ "Biology" ]
1,933
[ "Fungi", "Fungus species" ]
14,487,095
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%2088
NGC 88 is a barred spiral galaxy exhibiting an inner ring structure located about 160 million light years from the Earth in the Phoenix constellation. NGC 88 is interacting with the galaxies NGC 92, NGC 87 and NGC 89. It is part of a family of galaxies called Robert's Quartet discovered by astronomer John Herschel in t...
NGC 88
[ "Astronomy" ]
93
[ "Phoenix (constellation)", "Constellations" ]
14,487,205
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%2089
NGC 89 is a barred spiral or lenticular galaxy, part of Robert's Quartet, a group of four interacting galaxies. This member has a Seyfert 2 nucleus with extra-planar features emitting H-alpha radiation. There are filamentary features on each side of the disk, including a jet-like structure extending about 4 kpc in t...
NGC 89
[ "Astronomy" ]
137
[ "Phoenix (constellation)", "Constellations" ]
14,487,338
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%2092
NGC 92 is a highly warped interacting unbarred spiral galaxy in Robert's Quartet; it is interacting with three neighbouring galaxies NGC 87, NGC 88 and NGC 89. References External links 0092 01388 Phoenix (constellation) Robert's Quartet Unbarred spiral galaxies 194-G012 18340930
NGC 92
[ "Astronomy" ]
67
[ "Phoenix (constellation)", "Constellations" ]
14,488,084
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eltrombopag
Eltrombopag, sold under the brand name Promacta among others, is a medication used to treat thrombocytopenia (abnormally low platelet counts) and severe aplastic anemia. Eltrombopag is sold under the brand name Revolade outside the US and is marketed by Novartis. It is a thrombopoietin receptor agonist. It is taken by ...
Eltrombopag
[ "Chemistry" ]
747
[ "Carboxylic acids", "Functional groups", "Hydrazines" ]
14,488,117
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromechanical%20film
Electromechanical Film (EMFI, EMFIT, trademarks of Emfit Ltd) is a thin, flexible film that can function as a sensor or actuator. It is composed of a charged polymer coated with two conductive layers, making it an electret. It was invented and first made by Finnish inventor Kari Kirjavainen. Its voided internal structu...
Electromechanical film
[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]
979
[ "Chemical engineering", "nan" ]
14,488,460
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycena%20cyanorrhiza
Mycena cyanorrhiza is a small white mushroom which has blue colors. Unlike hallucinogenic mushrooms, the blue color is not related to psilocin polymerization. It grows in forests on wood and has a white spore print. Gallery References External links Mycena cyanorrhiza description and photo cyanorrhiza Fungi of Eu...
Mycena cyanorrhiza
[ "Biology" ]
86
[ "Fungi", "Fungus species" ]
14,488,528
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbojet%20train
A turbojet train is a train powered by turbojet engines. Like a jet aircraft, but unlike a gas turbine locomotive, the train is propelled by the jet thrust of the engines, rather than by its wheels. Only a handful of jet-powered trains have been built, for experimental research in high-speed rail. Turbojet engines hav...
Turbojet train
[ "Technology" ]
634
[ "Jet engines", "Engines" ]
14,489,318
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoinducer
In biology, an autoinducer is a signaling molecule that enables detection and response to changes in the population density of bacterial cells. Synthesized when a bacterium reproduces, autoinducers pass outside the bacterium and into the surrounding medium. They are a key component of the phenomenon of quorum sensing: ...
Autoinducer
[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]
3,242
[ "Biochemistry", "Neurochemistry", "Signal transduction" ]
14,489,504
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-1%2C2-Diaminocyclohexane
trans-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane is an organic compound with the formula C6H10(NH2)2. This diamine is a building block for C2-symmetric ligands that are useful in asymmetric catalysis. A mixture of all three stereoisomers of 1,2-diaminocyclohexane is produced by the hydrogenation of o-phenylenediamine. It is also side pro...
Trans-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane
[ "Chemistry" ]
279
[ "Chelating agents", "Process chemicals" ]
14,489,936
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coenzyme%20F420
{{DISPLAYTITLE:Coenzyme F420}} Coenzyme F420 is a family of coenzymes involved in redox reactions in a number of bacteria and archaea. It is derived from coenzyme FO (7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin) and differs by having a oligoglutamyl tail attached via a 2-phospho-L-lactate bridge. F420 is so named becau...
Coenzyme F420
[ "Chemistry" ]
1,059
[ "Organic compounds", "Coenzymes" ]
1,527,537
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bevacizumab
Bevacizumab, sold under the brand name Avastin among others, is a monoclonal antibody medication used to treat a number of types of cancers and a specific eye disease. For cancer, it is given by slow injection into a vein (intravenous) and used for colon cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, glioblastoma, hepatocellular...
Bevacizumab
[ "Biology" ]
5,014
[ "Angiogenesis", "Specialty drugs", "Angiogenesis inhibitors" ]
1,527,574
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotamer
In chemistry, rotamers are chemical species that differ from one another primarily due to rotations about one or more single bonds. Various arrangements of atoms in a molecule that differ by rotation about single bonds can also be referred to as different conformations. Conformers/rotamers differ little in their energ...
Rotamer
[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]
3,619
[ "Stereochemistry", "Space", "nan", "Physical organic chemistry", "Spacetime" ]
1,527,578
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical%20variable
Critical variables are defined, for example in thermodynamics, in terms of the values of variables at the critical point. On a PV diagram, the critical point is an inflection point. Thus: For the van der Waals equation, the above yields: References Thermodynamic properties Conformal field theory
Critical variable
[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ]
68
[ "Thermodynamic properties", "Quantity", "Thermodynamics", "Physical quantities" ]
1,527,625
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khabarovsk%20war%20crimes%20trials
The Khabarovsk war crimes trials were the Soviet hearings of twelve Japanese Kwantung Army officers and medical staff charged with the manufacture and use of biological weapons, and human experimentation, during World War II. The war crimes trials were held between 25 and 31 December 1949 in the Soviet industrial city ...
Khabarovsk war crimes trials
[ "Biology" ]
1,508
[ "Biological warfare" ]
1,527,655
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implicit%20surface
In mathematics, an implicit surface is a surface in Euclidean space defined by an equation An implicit surface is the set of zeros of a function of three variables. Implicit means that the equation is not solved for or or . The graph of a function is usually described by an equation and is called an explicit re...
Implicit surface
[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]
1,402
[ "Computer-aided design", "Mesh generation", "Design engineering", "Tessellation", "Symmetry" ]
1,527,720
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plowshare
In agriculture, a plowshare (US) or ploughshare (UK; ) is a component of a plow (or plough). It is the cutting or leading edge of a moldboard which closely follows the coulter (one or more ground-breaking spikes) when plowing. The plowshare itself is often a hardened blade dressed into an integral moldboard (by the bl...
Plowshare
[ "Biology" ]
508
[ "Animal equipment", "Animals" ]
1,528,061
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omitted-variable%20bias
In statistics, omitted-variable bias (OVB) occurs when a statistical model leaves out one or more relevant variables. The bias results in the model attributing the effect of the missing variables to those that were included. More specifically, OVB is the bias that appears in the estimates of parameters in a regression...
Omitted-variable bias
[ "Mathematics" ]
1,133
[ "Experimental bias", "Statistical concepts" ]
1,528,195
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma%20Cygni
Gamma Cygni (γ Cygni, abbreviated Gamma Cyg, γ Cyg), officially named Sadr , is a star in the northern constellation of Cygnus, forming the intersection of an asterism of five stars called the Northern Cross. Based upon parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, it is approximately 1,800 light-years (...
Gamma Cygni
[ "Astronomy" ]
837
[ "Cygnus (constellation)", "Constellations" ]
1,528,346
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totally%20bounded%20space
In topology and related branches of mathematics, total-boundedness is a generalization of compactness for circumstances in which a set is not necessarily closed. A totally bounded set can be covered by finitely many subsets of every fixed “size” (where the meaning of “size” depends on the structure of the ambient spac...
Totally bounded space
[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]
1,543
[ "Functions and mappings", "Functional analysis", "Uniform spaces", "Mathematical objects", "Space (mathematics)", "Topological spaces", "Topology", "Mathematical relations", "Space", "Geometry", "Spacetime" ]
1,528,353
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora%20of%20the%20Marquesas%20Islands
The Marquesas Islands have a diverse flora, with a high rate of endemism. They are in the floristic Polynesian subkingdom of the Oceanian realm. Food Plants Most of the food plants are not endemic, and include: Avocados Bananas Breadfruit (mei) from which "mā" is made. Cashews Coconuts Jambul Grapefruits Guavas Lem...
Flora of the Marquesas Islands
[ "Biology" ]
205
[ "Lists of biota", "Lists of plants", "Plants" ]
1,528,467
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper%20coulometer
The copper coulometer is a one application for the copper-copper(II) sulfate electrode. Such a coulometer consists of two identical copper electrodes immersed in slightly acidic pH-buffered solution of copper(II) sulfate. Passing of current through the element leads to the anodic dissolution of the metal on anode and s...
Copper coulometer
[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]
276
[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Electroanalytical chemistry", "Electroanalytical chemistry devices", "nan", "Physical chemistry", "Physical chemistry stubs" ]
1,528,572
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactor
An interactor is a person who interacts with the members of the audience. or An interactor is an entity that natural selection acts upon. Definition Interactor is a concept commonly used in the field of evolutionary biology. A widely accepted theory of evolution is the theory from Charles Darwin. He states, in shor...
Interactor
[ "Biology" ]
833
[ "Evolutionary biology" ]
1,528,751
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High%20Energy%20Astronomy%20Observatory%201
HEAO-1 was an X-ray telescope launched in 1977. HEAO-1 surveyed the sky in the X-ray portion of the electromagnetic spectrum (0.2 keV – 10 MeV), providing nearly constant monitoring of X-ray sources near the ecliptic poles and more detailed studies of a number of objects by observations lasting 3–6 hours. It was the fi...
High Energy Astronomy Observatory 1
[ "Astronomy" ]
1,492
[ "Space telescopes" ]
1,528,764
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced%20Satellite%20for%20Cosmology%20and%20Astrophysics
The Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics (ASCA, formerly named ASTRO-D) was the fourth cosmic X-ray astronomy mission by JAXA, and the second for which the United States provided part of the scientific payload. The satellite was successfully launched on 20 February 1993. The first eight months of the ASCA ...
Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics
[ "Astronomy" ]
776
[ "Space telescopes" ]
1,528,776
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parish%20register
A parish register, alternatively known as a parochial register, is a handwritten volume, normally kept in the parish church of an ecclesiastical parish in which certain details of religious ceremonies marking major events such as baptisms (together with the dates and often names of the parents), marriages (with the nam...
Parish register
[ "Biology" ]
4,172
[ "Phylogenetics", "Genealogy" ]
1,528,806
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Array%20of%20Low%20Energy%20X-ray%20Imaging%20Sensors
The Array of Low Energy X-ray Imaging Sensors (ALEXIS, also known as P89-1B, COSPAR 1993-026A, SATCAT 22638) X-ray telescope featured curved mirrors whose multilayer coatings reflected and focused low-energy X-rays or extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light the way optical telescopes focus visible light. The satellite and payl...
Array of Low Energy X-ray Imaging Sensors
[ "Astronomy" ]
1,004
[ "Space telescopes" ]
1,528,827
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/330%20Adalberta
330 Adalberta (prov. designation: ) is a stony asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 9.5 kilometers in diameter. It is likely named for either Adalbert Merx or Adalbert Krüger. It was discovered by Max Wolf in 1910. In the 1980s, the asteroid's permanent designation was reassigned from the...
330 Adalberta
[ "Astronomy" ]
624
[ "Recovered astronomical objects", "Astronomical objects" ]
1,528,853
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated%20Patrol%20Telescope
The Automated Patrol Telescope (APT) was a wide-field CCD imaging telescope, operated by the University of New South Wales at Siding Spring Observatory, Australia. The telescope activated in June 1989. This was one of four (4) ROTSE telescopes around the World to detect Gamma ray bursts, with telescopes positioned in...
Automated Patrol Telescope
[ "Astronomy" ]
174
[ "Telescopes", "Astronomical instruments" ]
1,528,864
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broad%20Band%20X-ray%20Telescope
The Broad Band X-ray Telescope (BBXRT) was flown on the Space Shuttle Columbia (STS-35) from December 2 through December 11, 1990 as part of the ASTRO-1 payload. The flight of BBXRT marked the first opportunity for performing X-ray observations over a broad energy range (0.3-12 keV) with a moderate energy resolution (t...
Broad Band X-ray Telescope
[ "Astronomy" ]
226
[ "Space telescopes", "Crewed space observatories" ]
1,528,889
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6%2C6%27-Dibromoindigo
6,6'-Dibromoindigo is an organic compound with the formula (BrC6H3C(O)CNH)2. A deep purple solid, the compound is also known as Tyrian purple, a dye of historic significance. Presently, it is only a curiosity, although the related derivative indigo is of industrial significance. It is produced by molluscs of the Muri...
6,6'-Dibromoindigo
[ "Chemistry" ]
333
[ "Semiconductor materials", "Molecular electronics", "Organic semiconductors" ]
1,528,972
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Through-hole%20technology
In electronics, through-hole technology (also spelled "thru-hole") is a manufacturing scheme in which leads on the components are inserted through holes drilled in printed circuit boards (PCB) and soldered to pads on the opposite side, either by manual assembly (hand placement) or by the use of automated insertion moun...
Through-hole technology
[ "Engineering" ]
998
[ "Electrical engineering", "Electronic engineering", "Printed circuit board manufacturing" ]
1,529,023
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constellation-X%20Observatory
The Constellation-X Observatory (Con-X or HTXS) was a mission concept for an X-ray space observatory to be operated by NASA; in 2008 it was merged with ESA and JAXA efforts in the same direction to produce the International X-ray Observatory project, announced on 24 July 2008. The intention of the Con-X project was to...
Constellation-X Observatory
[ "Astronomy" ]
446
[ "Space telescopes" ]
1,529,072
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20Space%20Astronomy%20Centre
The European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC) near Madrid in Spain is a research centre of the European Space Agency (ESA). ESAC is the lead institution for space science (astronomy, Solar System exploration and fundamental physics) using ESA missions. It hosts the science operation centres for all ESA astronomy and plane...
European Space Astronomy Centre
[ "Astronomy" ]
545
[ "Space telescopes" ]
1,529,074
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EXOSAT
The European X-ray Observatory Satellite (EXOSAT), originally named HELOS, was an X-ray telescope operational from May 1983 until April 1986 and in that time made 1780 observations in the X-ray band of most classes of astronomical object including active galactic nuclei, stellar coronae, cataclysmic variables, white dw...
EXOSAT
[ "Astronomy" ]
954
[ "Space telescopes" ]
1,529,082
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JEM-EUSO
The Extreme Universe Space Observatory onboard Japanese Experiment Module (JEM-EUSO) is the first space mission concept devoted to the investigation of cosmic rays and neutrinos of extreme energy (). Using the Earth's atmosphere as a giant detector, the detection is performed by looking at the streak of fluorescence pr...
JEM-EUSO
[ "Astronomy" ]
1,034
[ "Space telescopes" ]
1,529,092
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein%20Observatory
Einstein Observatory (HEAO-2) was the first fully imaging X-ray telescope put into space and the second of NASA's three High Energy Astrophysical Observatories. Named HEAO B before launch, the observatory's name was changed to honor Albert Einstein upon its successfully attaining orbit. Project conception and design T...
Einstein Observatory
[ "Astronomy" ]
1,220
[ "Space telescopes" ]
1,529,106
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full-sky%20Astrometric%20Mapping%20Explorer
Full-sky Astrometric Mapping Explorer (or FAME) was a NASA proposed astrometric satellite designed to determine with unprecedented accuracy the positions, distances, and motions of 40 million stars within our galactic neighborhood (distances by stellar parallax possible). This database was to allow astronomers to accur...
Full-sky Astrometric Mapping Explorer
[ "Astronomy" ]
341
[ "Space telescopes", "Space astrometry missions" ]
1,529,118
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginga%20%28satellite%29
ASTRO-C, renamed Ginga (Japanese for 'galaxy'), was an X-ray astronomy satellite launched from the Kagoshima Space Center on 5 February 1987 using M-3SII launch vehicle. The primary instrument for observations was the Large Area Counter (LAC). Ginga was the third Japanese X-ray astronomy mission, following Hakucho and ...
Ginga (satellite)
[ "Astronomy" ]
311
[ "Space telescopes" ]
1,529,163
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LiTraCon
LiTraCon is a translucent concrete building material. The name is short for "light-transmitting concrete". The material is made of 96% concrete and 4% by weight of optical fibers. It was developed in 2001 by Hungarian architect Áron Losonczi working with scientists at the Technical University of Budapest. LiTraCon is...
LiTraCon
[ "Engineering" ]
235
[ "Structural engineering", "Concrete" ]
1,529,187
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INTEGRAL
The INTErnational Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL) is a space telescope for observing gamma rays of energies up to 8 MeV. It was launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) into Earth orbit in 2002, and is designed to provide imaging and spectroscopy of cosmic sources. In the MeV energy range, it is the mos...
INTEGRAL
[ "Astronomy" ]
1,932
[ "Space telescopes" ]
1,529,485
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neighbourhood%20%28mathematics%29
In topology and related areas of mathematics, a neighbourhood (or neighborhood) is one of the basic concepts in a topological space. It is closely related to the concepts of open set and interior. Intuitively speaking, a neighbourhood of a point is a set of points containing that point where one can move some amount in...
Neighbourhood (mathematics)
[ "Mathematics" ]
799
[ "General topology", "Mathematical analysis", "Topology" ]
1,529,560
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LEGRI
The Low Energy Gamma-Ray Imager (LEGRI) was a payload for the first mission of the Spanish MINISAT platform, and active from 1997 to 2002. The objective of LEGRI was to demonstrate the viability of HgI2 detectors for space astronomy, providing imaging and spectroscopical capabilities in the 10-100 KeV range. LEGRI wa...
LEGRI
[ "Astronomy" ]
205
[ "Space telescopes" ]
1,529,621
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixth%20Cambridge%20Survey%20of%20Radio%20Sources
The 6C Survey of Radio Sources (6C) is an astronomical catalogue of celestial radio sources as measured at 151-MHz. It was published between 1985 and 1993 by the Radio Astronomy Group of the University of Cambridge. The research that led to the catalogue's production also led to improvements in radio telescope design ...
Sixth Cambridge Survey of Radio Sources
[ "Astronomy" ]
96
[ "Astronomical catalogue stubs", "Astronomy stubs" ]
1,529,775
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planck%20%28spacecraft%29
Planck was a space observatory operated by the European Space Agency (ESA) from 2009 to 2013. It was an ambitious project that aimed to map the anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at microwave and infrared frequencies, with high sensitivity and angular resolution. The mission was highly successful and...
Planck (spacecraft)
[ "Astronomy" ]
2,848
[ "Space telescopes" ]
1,529,781
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palomar%20Testbed%20Interferometer
The Palomar Testbed Interferometer (PTI) was a near infrared, long-baseline stellar interferometer located at Palomar Observatory in north San Diego County, California, United States. It was built by Caltech and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and was intended to serve as a testbed for developing interferometric techniqu...
Palomar Testbed Interferometer
[ "Astronomy" ]
302
[ "Telescopes", "Astronomical instruments" ]
1,529,808
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farrington%20Daniels
Farrington Daniels (March 8, 1889 – June 23, 1972) was an American physical chemist who is considered one of the pioneers of the modern direct use of solar energy. Biography Daniels was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota on March 8, 1889. Daniels began day school in 1895 at the Kenwood School and then on to Douglas Schoo...
Farrington Daniels
[ "Chemistry" ]
1,224
[ "Geochemists", "Presidents of the Geochemical Society" ]
1,529,885
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform%20property
In the mathematical field of topology a uniform property or uniform invariant is a property of a uniform space that is invariant under uniform isomorphisms. Since uniform spaces come as topological spaces and uniform isomorphisms are homeomorphisms, every topological property of a uniform space is also a uniform prope...
Uniform property
[ "Mathematics" ]
372
[ "Uniform spaces", "Topological spaces", "Topology", "Space (mathematics)" ]
1,529,966
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zone%20Routing%20Protocol
Zone Routing Protocol, or ZRP is a hybrid wireless networking routing protocol that uses both proactive and reactive routing protocols when sending information over the network. ZRP was designed to speed up delivery and reduce processing overhead by selecting the most efficient type of protocol to use throughout the ...
Zone Routing Protocol
[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]
664
[ "Wireless networking", "Computer networks engineering" ]
1,530,008
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haraldur%20Sigur%C3%B0sson
Haraldur Sigurðsson or Haraldur Sigurdsson (born May 31, 1939) is an Icelandic volcanologist and geochemist. Education Sigurdsson was born in Stykkishólmur in western Iceland. He studied geology and geochemistry in the United Kingdom, where he obtained a Bachelor of Science (BSc) degree from Queen's University, Belfa...
Haraldur Sigurðsson
[ "Chemistry" ]
523
[ "Geochemists", "Icelandic geochemists" ]
1,530,070
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NT%20%28cassette%29
NT (sometimes marketed under the name Scoopman) is a digital memo recording system introduced by Sony in 1992. The NT system was introduced to compete with the Microcassette, introduced by Olympus, and the Mini-Cassette, by Philips. Design The system was an R-DAT based system which stored memos using helical scan o...
NT (cassette)
[ "Engineering" ]
690
[ "Electronic engineering", "Digital electronics" ]
1,530,353
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation%20rate
In genetics, the mutation rate is the frequency of new mutations in a single gene, nucleotide sequence, or organism over time. Mutation rates are not constant and are not limited to a single type of mutation; there are many different types of mutations. Mutation rates are given for specific classes of mutations. Point ...
Mutation rate
[ "Physics", "Biology" ]
2,322
[ "Temporal quantities", "Evolutionary biology", "Temporal rates", "Physical quantities" ]
1,530,478
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioturbation
Bioturbation is defined as the reworking of soils and sediments by animals or plants. It includes burrowing, ingestion, and defecation of sediment grains. Bioturbating activities have a profound effect on the environment and are thought to be a primary driver of biodiversity. The formal study of bioturbation began in ...
Bioturbation
[ "Physics", "Biology" ]
6,150
[ "Aquatic ecology", "Ecosystems", "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Physical oceanography" ]
1,530,481
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banburismus
Banburismus was a cryptanalytic process developed by Alan Turing at Bletchley Park in Britain during the Second World War. It was used by Bletchley Park's Hut 8 to help break German Kriegsmarine (naval) messages enciphered on Enigma machines. The process used sequential conditional probability to infer information abou...
Banburismus
[ "Technology" ]
4,008
[ "Cryptographic attacks", "Computer security exploits" ]
1,530,548
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planning%20Domain%20Definition%20Language
The Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL) is an attempt to standardize Artificial Intelligence (AI) planning languages. It was first developed by Drew McDermott and his colleagues in 1998 mainly to make the 1998/2000 International Planning Competition (IPC) possible, and then evolved with each competition. The sta...
Planning Domain Definition Language
[ "Technology" ]
4,036
[ "Computer science", "Computer languages" ]
1,530,575
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungal%20infection
Fungal infection, also known as mycosis, is a disease caused by fungi. Different types are traditionally divided according to the part of the body affected; superficial, subcutaneous, and systemic. Superficial fungal infections include common tinea of the skin, such as tinea of the body, groin, hands, feet and beard, a...
Fungal infection
[ "Biology" ]
2,189
[ "Fungi", "Fungal diseases" ]
1,530,649
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface-conduction%20electron-emitter%20display
A surface-conduction electron-emitter display (SED) is a display technology for flat panel displays developed by a number of companies. SEDs uses nanoscopic-scale electron emitters to energize colored phosphors and produce an image. In a general sense, a SED consists of a matrix of tiny cathode-ray tubes, each "tube" f...
Surface-conduction electron-emitter display
[ "Engineering" ]
2,824
[ "Electronic engineering", "Display technology" ]
1,530,689
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complementarity%20%28physics%29
In physics, complementarity is a conceptual aspect of quantum mechanics that Niels Bohr regarded as an essential feature of the theory. The complementarity principle holds that certain pairs of complementary properties cannot all be observed or measured simultaneously. For example, position and momentum or wave and par...
Complementarity (physics)
[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]
2,302
[ "Theoretical physics", "Mathematical objects", "Quantum mechanics", "Equations", "Scientific laws" ]
1,530,838
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozokerite
Ozokerite or ozocerite, archaically referred to as earthwax or earth wax, is a naturally occurring odoriferous mineral wax or paraffin found in many localities. Lacking a definite composition and crystalline structure, it is not considered a mineral but only a mineraloid. The name was coined from Greek elements Όζω o...
Ozokerite
[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]
944
[ "Hydrocarbons", "Organic compounds", "Materials", "Matter", "Waxes" ]
1,530,988
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Created%20kind
In creationism, a religious view based on a literal reading of the Book of Genesis and other biblical texts, created kinds are purported to be the original forms of life as they were created by God. They are also referred to in creationist literature as kinds, original kinds, Genesis kinds, and baramins (baramin is a n...
Created kind
[ "Biology" ]
1,133
[ "Creationism", "Biology theories", "Obsolete biology theories" ]
1,531,001
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetracosane
Tetracosane, also called tetrakosane, is an alkane hydrocarbon with the structural formula H(CH2)24H. As with other alkanes, its name is derived from Greek for the number of carbon atoms, 24, in the molecule. It has 14,490,245 constitutional isomers, and 252,260,276 stereoisomers. n-Tetracosane is found in mineral for...
Tetracosane
[ "Chemistry" ]
165
[ "Organic compounds", "Alkanes" ]
1,531,162
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20permanence
Digital permanence addresses the history and development of digital storage techniques, specifically quantifying the expected lifetime of data stored on various digital media and the factors which influence the permanence of digital data. It is often a mix of ensuring the data itself can be retained on a particular for...
Digital permanence
[ "Technology" ]
1,078
[ "Information and communications technology", "Digital technology" ]
1,531,173
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%20bridge%20oscillator
A Wien bridge oscillator is a type of electronic oscillator that generates sine waves. It can generate a large range of frequencies. The oscillator is based on a bridge circuit originally developed by Max Wien in 1891 for the measurement of impedances. The bridge comprises four resistors and two capacitors. The oscilla...
Wien bridge oscillator
[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]
4,494
[ "Analog circuits", "Electronic engineering", "Electronic test equipment", "Measuring instruments" ]
1,531,306
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhizoid
Rhizoids are protuberances that extend from the lower epidermal cells of bryophytes and algae. They are similar in structure and function to the root hairs of vascular land plants. Similar structures are formed by some fungi. Rhizoids may be unicellular or multicellular. Evolutionary development Plants originated in ...
Rhizoid
[ "Biology" ]
468
[ "Bryophytes", "Plants" ]
1,531,369
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase%20problem
In physics, the phase problem is the problem of loss of information concerning the phase that can occur when making a physical measurement. The name comes from the field of X-ray crystallography, where the phase problem has to be solved for the determination of a structure from diffraction data. The phase problem is al...
Phase problem
[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]
1,189
[ "Applied mathematics", "Materials science", "Crystallography", "Condensed matter physics", "Inverse problems" ]
1,531,404
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Split%20exact%20sequence
In mathematics, a split exact sequence is a short exact sequence in which the middle term is built out of the two outer terms in the simplest possible way. Equivalent characterizations A short exact sequence of abelian groups or of modules over a fixed ring, or more generally of objects in an abelian category is cal...
Split exact sequence
[ "Mathematics" ]
252
[ "Abstract algebra", "Algebra" ]
1,531,409
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeomorphism%20group
In mathematics, particularly topology, the homeomorphism group of a topological space is the group consisting of all homeomorphisms from the space to itself with function composition as the group operation. They are important to the theory of topological spaces, generally exemplary of automorphism groups and topologica...
Homeomorphism group
[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]
392
[ "Space (mathematics)", "Group theory", "Topological spaces", "Fields of abstract algebra", "Topology", "Space", "Geometry", "Topological groups", "Spacetime" ]
1,531,487
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior%20modification%20facility
A behavior modification facility (or youth residential program) is a residential educational and treatment total institution enrolling adolescents who are perceived as displaying antisocial behavior, in an attempt to alter their conduct. Due to irregular licensing rules across countries and states, as well as ambiguit...
Behavior modification facility
[ "Biology" ]
2,213
[ "Behavior modification", "Human behavior", "Behavior", "Behaviorism" ]
1,531,568
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General-purpose%20input/output
A general-purpose input/output (GPIO) is an uncommitted digital signal pin on an integrated circuit or electronic circuit (e.g. MCUs/MPUs) board which may be used as an input or output, or both, and is controllable by software. GPIOs have no predefined purpose and are unused by default. If used, the purpose and behavi...
General-purpose input/output
[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]
1,580
[ "Computer engineering", "Integrated circuits" ]
1,531,588
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amifostine
Amifostine (ethiofos) is a cytoprotective adjuvant used in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy involving DNA-binding chemotherapeutic agents. It is marketed by Clinigen Group under the trade name Ethyol. Indications Amifostine is used therapeutically to reduce the incidence of neutropenia-related fever and infection ...
Amifostine
[ "Chemistry" ]
641
[ "Functional groups", "Prodrugs", "Amines", "Chemicals in medicine", "Bases (chemistry)" ]
1,531,615
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combination%20therapy
Combination therapy or polytherapy is therapy that uses more than one medication or modality. Typically, the term refers to using multiple therapies to treat a single disease, and often all the therapies are pharmaceutical (although it can also involve non-medical therapy, such as the combination of medications and tal...
Combination therapy
[ "Chemistry" ]
753
[ "Pharmacology", "Medicinal chemistry" ]