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324681 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metatarsal%20bones | Metatarsal bones | The metatarsal bones or metatarsus (: metatarsi) are a group of five long bones in the midfoot, located between the tarsal bones (which form the heel and the ankle) and the phalanges (toes). Lacking individual names, the metatarsal bones are numbered from the medial side (the side of the great toe): the first, second, ... | Biology and health sciences | Skeletal system | Biology |
324697 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacarpal%20bones | Metacarpal bones | In human anatomy, the metacarpal bones or metacarpus, also known as the "palm bones", are the appendicular bones that form the intermediate part of the hand between the phalanges (fingers) and the carpal bones (wrist bones), which articulate with the forearm. The metacarpal bones are homologous to the metatarsal bones... | Biology and health sciences | Skeletal system | Biology |
325019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular%20group | Modular group | In mathematics, the modular group is the projective special linear group of matrices with integer coefficients and determinant 1. The matrices and are identified. The modular group acts on the upper-half of the complex plane by fractional linear transformations, and the name "modular group" comes from the relation... | Mathematics | Abstract algebra | null |
325030 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical%20geology | Historical geology | Historical geology or palaeogeology is a discipline that uses the principles and methods of geology to reconstruct the geological history of Earth. Historical geology examines the vastness of geologic time, measured in billions of years, and investigates changes in the Earth, gradual and sudden, over this deep time. It... | Physical sciences | Basics | Earth science |
325060 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal%20power | Tidal power | Tidal power or tidal energy is harnessed by converting energy from tides into useful forms of power, mainly electricity using various methods.
Although not yet widely used, tidal energy has the potential for future electricity generation. Tides are more predictable than the wind and the sun. Among sources of renewabl... | Technology | Power generation | null |
325077 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain%20theory | Domain theory | Domain theory is a branch of mathematics that studies special kinds of partially ordered sets (posets) commonly called domains. Consequently, domain theory can be considered as a branch of order theory. The field has major applications in computer science, where it is used to specify denotational semantics, especially ... | Mathematics | Order theory | null |
325663 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollination%20management | Pollination management | Pollination management is the horticultural practices that accomplish or enhance pollination of a crop, to improve yield or quality, by understanding of the particular crop's pollination needs, and by knowledgeable management of pollenizers, pollinators, and pollination conditions.
While people think first of the Euro... | Technology | Horticulture | null |
325806 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph%20%28discrete%20mathematics%29 | Graph (discrete mathematics) | In discrete mathematics, particularly in graph theory, a graph is a structure consisting of a set of objects where some pairs of the objects are in some sense "related". The objects are represented by abstractions called vertices (also called nodes or points) and each of the related pairs of vertices is called an edge ... | Mathematics | Discrete mathematics | null |
325831 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Injection%20moulding | Injection moulding | Injection moulding (U.S. spelling: injection molding) is a manufacturing process for producing parts by injecting molten material into a mould, or mold. Injection moulding can be performed with a host of materials mainly including metals (for which the process is called die-casting), glasses, elastomers, confections, a... | Technology | Materials | null |
325880 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant%20bird | Elephant bird | Elephant birds are extinct flightless birds belonging to the order Aepyornithiformes that were native to the island of Madagascar. They are thought to have gone extinct around AD 1000, likely as a result of human activity. Elephant birds comprised three species, one in the genus Mullerornis, and two in Aepyornis. Aepyo... | Biology and health sciences | Palaeognathae | Animals |
326123 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%207 | Windows 7 | Windows 7 is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft. It was released to manufacturing on July 22, 2009, and became generally available on October 22, 2009. It is the successor to Windows Vista, released nearly three years earlier. Windows 7's server counterpart, Windows Server 2008 R2... | Technology | Operating Systems | null |
326177 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African%20forest%20elephant | African forest elephant | The African forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis) is one of the two living species of African elephant, along with the African bush elephant. It is native to humid tropical forests in West Africa and the Congo Basin. It is the smallest of the three living elephant species, reaching a shoulder height of . As with other A... | Biology and health sciences | Proboscidea | Animals |
326193 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solenodon | Solenodon | Solenodons (from , 'channel' or 'pipe' and , 'tooth') are venomous, nocturnal, burrowing, insectivorous mammals belonging to the family Solenodontidae . The two living solenodon species are the Cuban solenodon (Atopogale cubana) and the Hispaniolan solenodon (Solenodon paradoxus). Threats to both species include hab... | Biology and health sciences | Eulipotyphla | Animals |
326201 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psilocybin%20mushroom | Psilocybin mushroom | Psilocybin mushrooms, commonly known as magic mushrooms, shrooms, or broadly as hallucinogenic mushrooms, are a polyphyletic informal group of fungi that contain psilocybin, which turns into psilocin upon ingestion. The most potent species are members of genus Psilocybe, such as P. azurescens, P. semilanceata, and P. c... | Biology and health sciences | Edible fungi | Plants |
326340 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dromedary | Dromedary | The dromedary (Camelus dromedarius or ;), also known as the dromedary camel, Arabian camel, or one-humped camel, is a large camel, of the genus Camelus, with one hump on its back.
It is the tallest of the three species of camel; adult males stand at the shoulder, while females are tall. Males typically weigh betwee... | Biology and health sciences | Artiodactyla | null |
984081 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space%20rendezvous | Space rendezvous | A space rendezvous () is a set of orbital maneuvers during which two spacecraft, one of which is often a space station, arrive at the same orbit and approach to a very close distance (e.g. within visual contact). Rendezvous requires a precise match of the orbital velocities and position vectors of the two spacecraft, a... | Physical sciences | Orbital mechanics | Astronomy |
985483 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cenote | Cenote | A cenote ( or ; ) is a natural pit, or sinkhole, resulting when a collapse of limestone bedrock exposes groundwater. The term originated on the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico, where the ancient Maya commonly used cenotes for water supplies, and occasionally for sacrificial offerings. The name derives from a word used by ... | Physical sciences | Caves | Earth science |
985963 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambda-CDM%20model | Lambda-CDM model | The Lambda-CDM, Lambda cold dark matter, or ΛCDM model is a mathematical model of the Big Bang theory with three major components:
a cosmological constant, denoted by lambda (Λ), associated with dark energy;
the postulated cold dark matter, denoted by CDM;
ordinary matter.
It is the current standard model of Big Ba... | Physical sciences | Physical cosmology | Astronomy |
986096 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%20surface | Fermi surface | In condensed matter physics, the Fermi surface is the surface in reciprocal space which separates occupied electron states from unoccupied electron states at zero temperature. The shape of the Fermi surface is derived from the periodicity and symmetry of the crystalline lattice and from the occupation of electronic en... | Physical sciences | Crystallography | Physics |
986413 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair%20dryer | Hair dryer | A hair dryer (the handheld type also referred to as a blow dryer) is an electromechanical device that blows ambient air in hot or warm settings for styling or drying hair. Hair dryers enable better control over the shape and style of hair, by accelerating and controlling the formation of temporary hydrogen bonds within... | Technology | Household appliances | null |
986871 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug%20test | Drug test | A drug test (also often toxicology screen or tox screen) is a technical analysis of a biological specimen, for example urine, hair, blood, breath, sweat, or oral fluid/saliva—to determine the presence or absence of specified parent drugs or their metabolites. Major applications of drug testing include detection of the ... | Biology and health sciences | Diagnostics | Health |
987039 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siberian%20Traps | Siberian Traps | The Siberian Traps () are a large region of volcanic rock, known as a large igneous province, in Siberia, Russia. The massive eruptive event that formed the traps is one of the largest known volcanic events in the last years.
The eruptions continued for roughly two million years and spanned the Permian–Triassic bound... | Physical sciences | Geologic features | Earth science |
987544 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFPA%20704 | NFPA 704 | "NFPA 704: Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response" is a standard maintained by the U.S.-based National Fire Protection Association. First "tentatively adopted as a guide" in 1960, and revised several times since then, it defines the "Safety Square" or "Fire Diamond" wh... | Physical sciences | Basics: General | Chemistry |
987546 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmattan | Harmattan | The Harmattan is a season in West Africa that occurs between the end of November and the middle of March. It is characterized by the dry and dusty northeasterly trade wind, of the same name, which blows from the Sahara over West Africa into the Gulf of Guinea. The name is related to the word in the Twi language. The t... | Physical sciences | Seasons | Earth science |
158859 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plug%20and%20play | Plug and play | In computing, a plug and play (PnP) device or computer bus is one with a specification that facilitates the recognition of a hardware component in a system without the need for physical device configuration or user intervention in resolving resource conflicts. The term "plug and play" has since been expanded to a wide ... | Technology | Computer hardware | null |
158901 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorite | Chlorite | The chlorite ion, or chlorine dioxide anion, is the halite with the chemical formula of . A chlorite (compound) is a compound that contains this group, with chlorine in the oxidation state of +3. Chlorites are also known as salts of chlorous acid.
Compounds
The free acid, chlorous acid HClO2, is the least stable oxoa... | Physical sciences | Halide oxyanions | Chemistry |
158914 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenopyrite | Arsenopyrite | Arsenopyrite (IMA symbol: Apy) is an iron arsenic sulfide (FeAsS). It is a hard (Mohs 5.5–6) metallic, opaque, steel grey to silver white mineral with a relatively high specific gravity of 6.1.
When dissolved in nitric acid, it releases elemental sulfur. When arsenopyrite is heated, it produces sulfur and arsenic v... | Physical sciences | Minerals | Earth science |
158916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalcopyrite | Chalcopyrite | Chalcopyrite ( ) is a copper iron sulfide mineral and the most abundant copper ore mineral. It has the chemical formula CuFeS2 and crystallizes in the tetragonal system. It has a brassy to golden yellow color and a hardness of 3.5 to 4 on the Mohs scale. Its streak is diagnostic as green-tinged black.
On exposure to a... | Physical sciences | Minerals | Earth science |
159034 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labradorite | Labradorite | Labradorite ((Ca, Na)(Al, Si)4O8) is a calcium-enriched feldspar mineral first identified in Labrador, Canada, which can display an iridescent effect (schiller).
Labradorite is an intermediate to calcic member of the plagioclase series. It has an anorthite percentage (%An) of between 50 and 70. The specific gravity ra... | Physical sciences | Silicate minerals | Earth science |
159081 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shock%20%28mechanics%29 | Shock (mechanics) | In mechanics and physics, shock is a sudden acceleration caused, for example, by impact, drop, kick, earthquake, or explosion. Shock is a transient physical excitation.
Shock describes matter subject to extreme rates of force with respect to time. Shock is a vector that has units of an acceleration (rate of change of... | Physical sciences | Basics_4 | Physics |
159151 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical%20composition | Chemical composition | A chemical composition specifies the identity, arrangement, and ratio of the chemical elements making up a compound by way of chemical and atomic bonds.
Chemical formulas can be used to describe the relative amounts of elements present in a compound. For example, the chemical formula for water is H2O: this means that ... | Physical sciences | Substance | Chemistry |
159191 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arecibo%20Observatory | Arecibo Observatory | The Arecibo Observatory, also known as the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (NAIC) and formerly known as the Arecibo Ionosphere Observatory, is an observatory in Barrio Esperanza, Arecibo, Puerto Rico owned by the US National Science Foundation (NSF).
The observatory's main instrument was the Arecibo Telescope... | Technology | Ground-based observatories | null |
159209 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conduct%20disorder | Conduct disorder | Conduct disorder (CD) is a mental disorder diagnosed in childhood or adolescence that presents itself through a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that includes theft, lies, physical violence that may lead to destruction, and reckless breaking of rules, in which the basic rights of others or major age-approp... | Biology and health sciences | Mental disorders | Health |
159225 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%E2%80%93Dirac%20statistics | Fermi–Dirac statistics | Fermi–Dirac statistics is a type of quantum statistics that applies to the physics of a system consisting of many non-interacting, identical particles that obey the Pauli exclusion principle. A result is the Fermi–Dirac distribution of particles over energy states. It is named after Enrico Fermi and Paul Dirac, each of... | Physical sciences | Statistical mechanics | Physics |
159266 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20expression | Gene expression | Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enables it to produce end products, proteins or non-coding RNA, and ultimately affect a phenotype. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein-coding genes such as transfer RNA (tRNA) and... | Biology and health sciences | Genetics and taxonomy | null |
159292 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium%20chloride | Potassium chloride | Potassium chloride (KCl, or potassium salt) is a metal halide salt composed of potassium and chlorine. It is odorless and has a white or colorless vitreous crystal appearance. The solid dissolves readily in water, and its solutions have a salt-like taste. Potassium chloride can be obtained from ancient dried lake depos... | Physical sciences | Halide salts | Chemistry |
159298 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultralight%20aviation | Ultralight aviation | Ultralight aviation (called microlight aviation in some countries) is the flying of lightweight, 1- or 2-seat fixed-wing aircraft. Some countries differentiate between weight-shift control and conventional three-axis control aircraft with ailerons, elevator and rudder, calling the former "microlight" and the latter "ul... | Technology | Types of aircraft | null |
159421 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urination | Urination | Urination is the release of urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. Urine is released through the urethra and exits the penis or vulva through the urinary meatus in placental mammals, but is released through the cloaca in other vertebrates. It is the urinary system's form of excretion. It is also known medic... | Biology and health sciences | Basics | Biology |
159472 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight | Flight | Flight or flying is the motion of an object through an atmosphere, or through the vacuum of outer space, without contacting any planetary surface. This can be achieved by generating aerodynamic lift associated with gliding or propulsive thrust, aerostatically using buoyancy, or by ballistic movement.
Many things can f... | Physical sciences | Fluid mechanics | null |
159506 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RGB%20color%20spaces | RGB color spaces | RGB color spaces is a category of additive colorimetric color spaces specifying part of its absolute color space definition using the RGB color model.
RGB color spaces are commonly found describing the mapping of the RGB color model to human perceivable color, but some RGB color spaces use imaginary (non-real-world) p... | Physical sciences | Basics | Physics |
159512 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnacle | Barnacle | Barnacles are arthropods of the subclass Cirripedia in the subphylum Crustacea. They are related to crabs and lobsters, with similar nauplius larvae. Barnacles are exclusively marine invertebrates; many species live in shallow and tidal waters. Some 2,100 species have been described.
Barnacle adults are sessile; most ... | Biology and health sciences | Crustaceans | Animals |
159748 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscular%20system | Muscular system | The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body. The muscular systems in vertebrates are controlled through the nervous system although some muscles (such as the cardiac muscle) can be... | Biology and health sciences | Muscular system | null |
159750 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectin | Pectin | Pectin ( : "congealed" and "curdled") is a heteropolysaccharide, a structural polymer contained in the primary lamella, in the middle lamella, and in the cell walls of terrestrial plants. The principal chemical component of pectin is galacturonic acid (a sugar acid derived from galactose) which was isolated and describ... | Biology and health sciences | Carbohydrates | Biology |
159974 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange%20multiplier | Lagrange multiplier | In mathematical optimization, the method of Lagrange multipliers is a strategy for finding the local maxima and minima of a function subject to equation constraints (i.e., subject to the condition that one or more equations have to be satisfied exactly by the chosen values of the variables). It is named after the mathe... | Mathematics | Multivariable and vector calculus | null |
160067 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsetse%20fly | Tsetse fly | Tsetse ( , or ) (sometimes spelled tzetze; also known as tik-tik flies) are large, biting flies that inhabit much of tropical Africa. Tsetse flies include all the species in the genus Glossina, which are placed in their own family, Glossinidae. The tsetse is an obligate parasite, which lives by feeding on the blood ... | Biology and health sciences | Flies (Diptera) | null |
160223 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media%20player%20software | Media player software | Media player software is a type of application software for playing multimedia computer files like audio and video files. Media players commonly display standard media control icons known from physical devices such as tape recorders and CD players, such as play ( ), pause ( ), fastforward (⏩️), rewind (⏪), and stop (... | Technology | Computer software | null |
160277 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon%20fibers | Carbon fibers | Carbon fibers or carbon fibres (alternatively CF, graphite fiber or graphite fibre) are fibers about in diameter and composed mostly of carbon atoms. Carbon fibers have several advantages: high stiffness, high tensile strength, high strength to weight ratio, high chemical resistance, high-temperature tolerance, and lo... | Technology | Fabrics and fibers | null |
160332 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephemeris | Ephemeris | In astronomy and celestial navigation, an ephemeris (; ; , ) is a book with tables that gives the trajectory of naturally occurring astronomical objects and artificial satellites in the sky, i.e., the position (and possibly velocity) over time. Historically, positions were given as printed tables of values, given at r... | Technology | Astronomical technology | null |
160361 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling%20%28statistics%29 | Sampling (statistics) | In statistics, quality assurance, and survey methodology, sampling is the selection of a subset or a statistical sample (termed sample for short) of individuals from within a statistical population to estimate characteristics of the whole population. The subset is meant to reflect the whole population and statisticians... | Mathematics | Statistics and probability | null |
160556 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ball%20%28mathematics%29 | Ball (mathematics) | In mathematics, a ball is the solid figure bounded by a sphere; it is also called a solid sphere. It may be a closed ball (including the boundary points that constitute the sphere) or an open ball (excluding them).
These concepts are defined not only in three-dimensional Euclidean space but also for lower and higher d... | Mathematics | Measurement | null |
160573 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axle | Axle | An axle or axletree is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. On wheeled vehicles, the axle may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them, or fixed to the vehicle, with the wheels rotating around the axle. In the former case, bearings or bushings are provided at the mounting points where the axle is supported. ... | Technology | Components_2 | null |
160581 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachycardia | Tachycardia | Tachycardia, also called tachyarrhythmia, is a heart rate that exceeds the normal resting rate. In general, a resting heart rate over 100 beats per minute is accepted as tachycardia in adults. Heart rates above the resting rate may be normal (such as with exercise) or abnormal (such as with electrical problems within t... | Biology and health sciences | Symptoms and signs | Health |
160710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plover | Plover | Plovers ( , ) are members of a widely distributed group of wading birds of subfamily Charadriinae. The term "plover" applies to all the members of the subfamily, though only about half of them include it in their name.
Species list in taxonomic sequence
The taxonomy of family Charadriidae is unsettled. At various ti... | Biology and health sciences | Charadriiformes | Animals |
160832 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunnel | Tunnel | A tunnel is an underground or undersea passageway. It is dug through surrounding soil, earth or rock, or laid under water, and is usually completely enclosed except for the two portals common at each end, though there may be access and ventilation openings at various points along the length. A pipeline differs signific... | Technology | Transport infrastructure | null |
160853 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felt | Felt | Felt is a textile that is produced by matting, condensing, and pressing fibers together. Felt can be made of natural fibers such as wool or animal fur, or from synthetic fibers such as petroleum-based acrylic or acrylonitrile or wood pulp–based rayon. Blended fibers are also common. Natural fiber felt has special prope... | Technology | Fabrics and fibers | null |
160878 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cockpit | Cockpit | A cockpit or flight deck is the area, on the front part of an aircraft, spacecraft, or submersible, from which a pilot controls the vehicle.
The cockpit of an aircraft contains flight instruments on an instrument panel, and the controls that enable the pilot to fly the aircraft. In most airliners, a door separates the... | Technology | Aircraft components | null |
160891 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuselage | Fuselage | The fuselage (; from the French fuselé "spindle-shaped") is an aircraft's main body section. It holds crew, passengers, or cargo. In single-engine aircraft, it will usually contain an engine as well, although in some amphibious aircraft the single engine is mounted on a pylon attached to the fuselage, which in turn is ... | Technology | Aircraft components | null |
160960 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Box%20plot | Box plot | In descriptive statistics, a box plot or boxplot is a method for demonstrating graphically the locality, spread and skewness groups of numerical data through their quartiles. In addition to the box on a box plot, there can be lines (which are called whiskers) extending from the box indicating variability outside the up... | Mathematics | Statistics | null |
160990 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinitesimal | Infinitesimal | In mathematics, an infinitesimal number is a non-zero quantity that is closer to 0 than any non-zero real number is. The word infinitesimal comes from a 17th-century Modern Latin coinage infinitesimus, which originally referred to the "infinity-eth" item in a sequence.
Infinitesimals do not exist in the standard real ... | Mathematics | Basics_2 | null |
160993 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generating%20function | Generating function | In mathematics, a generating function is a representation of an infinite sequence of numbers as the coefficients of a formal power series. Generating functions are often expressed in closed form (rather than as a series), by some expression involving operations on the formal series.
There are various types of generat... | Mathematics | Sequences and series | null |
160995 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical%20significance | Statistical significance | In statistical hypothesis testing, a result has statistical significance when a result at least as "extreme" would be very infrequent if the null hypothesis were true. More precisely, a study's defined significance level, denoted by , is the probability of the study rejecting the null hypothesis, given that the null hy... | Mathematics | Statistics | null |
161019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negation | Negation | In logic, negation, also called the logical not or logical complement, is an operation that takes a proposition to another proposition "not ", written , , or . It is interpreted intuitively as being true when is false, and false when is true. For example, if is "Spot runs", then "not " is "Spot does not run". An o... | Mathematics | Specific functions | null |
161228 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Document | Document | A document is a written, drawn, presented, or memorialized representation of thought, often the manifestation of non-fictional, as well as fictional, content. The word originates from the Latin , which denotes a "teaching" or "lesson": the verb denotes "to teach". In the past, the word was usually used to denote writ... | Technology | Media and communication: Basics | null |
161253 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20fluctuation | Quantum fluctuation | In quantum physics, a quantum fluctuation (also known as a vacuum state fluctuation or vacuum fluctuation) is the temporary random change in the amount of energy in a point in space, as prescribed by Werner Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. They are minute random fluctuations in the values of the fields which represe... | Physical sciences | Quantum mechanics | Physics |
161278 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Period%205%20element | Period 5 element | A period 5 element is one of the chemical elements in the fifth row (or period) of the periodic table of the chemical elements. The periodic table is laid out in rows to illustrate recurring (periodic) trends in the chemical behaviour of the elements as their atomic number increases: a new row is begun when chemical be... | Physical sciences | Periods | Chemistry |
161291 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noble%20metal | Noble metal | A noble metal is ordinarily regarded as a metallic element that is generally resistant to corrosion and is usually found in nature in its raw form. Gold, platinum, and the other platinum group metals (ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium) are most often so classified. Silver, copper, and mercury are sometimes... | Physical sciences | d-Block | Chemistry |
161293 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphoterism | Amphoterism | In chemistry, an amphoteric compound () is a molecule or ion that can react both as an acid and as a base. What exactly this can mean depends on which definitions of acids and bases are being used.
Etymology and terminology
Amphoteric is derived from the Greek word () meaning "both". Related words in acid-base chemi... | Physical sciences | Concepts | Chemistry |
161296 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colony%20%28biology%29 | Colony (biology) | In biology, a colony is composed of two or more conspecific individuals living in close association with, or connected to, one another. This association is usually for mutual benefit such as stronger defense or the ability to attack bigger prey.
Colonies can form in various shapes and ways depending on the organism in... | Biology and health sciences | Ecology | Biology |
15988913 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stripping%20%28chemistry%29 | Stripping (chemistry) | Stripping is a physical separation process where one or more components are removed from a liquid stream by a vapor stream. In industrial applications the liquid and vapor streams can have co-current or countercurrent flows. Stripping is usually carried out in either a packed or trayed column.
Theory
Stripping works... | Physical sciences | Other separations | Chemistry |
7167911 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelletizing | Pelletizing | Pelletizing is the process of compressing or molding a material into the shape of a pellet. A wide range of different materials are pelletized including chemicals, iron ore, animal compound feed, plastics, waste materials, and more. The process is considered an excellent option for the storage and transport of said mat... | Technology | Industry: General | null |
9320833 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portlandite | Portlandite | Portlandite is a hydroxide-bearing mineral typically included in the oxide mineral class. It is the naturally occurring form of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and the calcium analogue of brucite (Mg(OH)2).
Occurrence
Portlandite occurs in a variety of environments. At the type location in Northern Ireland it occurs as an... | Physical sciences | Minerals | Earth science |
11811193 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shingle%20beach | Shingle beach | A shingle beach, also known as either a cobble beach or gravel beach, is a commonly narrow beach that is composed of coarse, loose, well-rounded, and waterworn gravel, called shingle. The gravel (shingle) typically consists of smooth, spheroidal to flattened, pebbles, cobbles, and sometimes small boulders, generally in... | Physical sciences | Oceanic and coastal landforms | Earth science |
3007794 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Working%20set | Working set | Working set is a concept in computer science which defines the amount of memory that a process requires in a given time interval.
Definition
Peter Denning (1968) defines "the working set of information of a process at time to be the collection of information referenced by the process during the process time interval... | Technology | Operating systems | null |
5501614 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-quiet%20neutron%20star | Radio-quiet neutron star | A radio-quiet neutron star is a neutron star that does not seem to emit radio emissions, but is still visible to Earth through electromagnetic radiation at other parts of the spectrum, particularly X-rays and gamma rays.
Background
Most detected neutron stars are pulsars, and emit radio-frequency electromagnetic radi... | Physical sciences | Stellar astronomy | Astronomy |
5504707 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antilocapridae | Antilocapridae | The Antilocapridae are a family of ruminant artiodactyls endemic to North America. Their closest extant relatives are the giraffids. Only one species, the pronghorn (Antilocapra americana), is living today; all other members of the family are extinct. The living pronghorn is a small ruminant mammal resembling an antelo... | Biology and health sciences | Other artiodactyla | Animals |
13313000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substellar%20object | Substellar object | A substellar object, sometimes called a substar, is an astronomical object, the mass of which is smaller than the smallest mass at which hydrogen fusion can be sustained (approximately 0.08 solar masses). This definition includes brown dwarfs and former stars similar to EF Eridani B, and can also include objects of pla... | Physical sciences | Astronomy basics | Astronomy |
13320206 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor%E2%80%93liquid%20separator | Vapor–liquid separator | In chemical engineering, a vapor–liquid separator is a device used to separate a vapor–liquid mixture into its constituent phases. It can be a vertical or horizontal vessel, and can act as a 2-phase or 3-phase separator.
A vapor–liquid separator may also be referred to as a flash drum, breakpot, knock-out drum or kno... | Physical sciences | Phase separations | Chemistry |
14485893 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praya%20dubia | Praya dubia | Praya dubia, the giant siphonophore, lives in the mesopelagic zone to bathypelagic zone at to below sea level. It has been found off the coasts around the world, from Iceland in the North Atlantic to Chile in the South Pacific.
Praya dubia is a member of the order Siphonophorae within the class Hydrozoa. With a body... | Biology and health sciences | Cnidarians | Animals |
1527574 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotamer | Rotamer | In chemistry, rotamers are chemical species that differ from one another primarily due to rotations about one or more single bonds. Various arrangements of atoms in a molecule that differ by rotation about single bonds can also be referred to as different conformations. Conformers/rotamers differ little in their energ... | Physical sciences | Stereochemistry | Chemistry |
1527674 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trip%20hammer | Trip hammer | A trip hammer, also known as a tilt hammer or helve hammer, is a massive powered hammer. Traditional uses of trip hammers include pounding, decorticating and polishing of grain in agriculture. In mining, trip hammers were used for crushing metal ores into small pieces, although a stamp mill was more usual for this. In ... | Technology | Industrial machinery | null |
1528221 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheet%20metal | Sheet metal | Sheet metal is metal formed into thin, flat pieces, usually by an industrial process.
Thicknesses can vary significantly; extremely thin sheets are considered foil or leaf, and pieces thicker than 6 mm (0.25 in) are considered plate, such as plate steel, a class of structural steel.
Sheet metal is available in flat p... | Technology | Metallurgy | null |
1528883 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft%20fairing | Aircraft fairing | An aircraft fairing is a structure whose primary function is to produce a smooth outline and reduce drag.
These structures are covers for gaps and spaces between parts of an aircraft to reduce form drag and interference drag, and to improve appearance.
Types
On aircraft, fairings are commonly found on:
Belly fairing... | Technology | Aircraft components | null |
1529114 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betula%20papyrifera | Betula papyrifera | Betula papyrifera (paper birch, also known as (American) white birch and canoe birch) is a short-lived species of birch native to northern North America. Paper birch is named after the tree's thin white bark, which often peels in paper-like layers from the trunk. Paper birch is often one of the first species to coloniz... | Biology and health sciences | Fagales | Plants |
1529187 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INTEGRAL | INTEGRAL | The INTErnational Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL) is a space telescope for observing gamma rays of energies up to 8 MeV. It was launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) into Earth orbit in 2002, and is designed to provide imaging and spectroscopy of cosmic sources. In the MeV energy range, it is the mos... | Technology | Space-based observatories | null |
1529485 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neighbourhood%20%28mathematics%29 | Neighbourhood (mathematics) | In topology and related areas of mathematics, a neighbourhood (or neighborhood) is one of the basic concepts in a topological space. It is closely related to the concepts of open set and interior. Intuitively speaking, a neighbourhood of a point is a set of points containing that point where one can move some amount in... | Mathematics | Topology | null |
1529518 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspergillus | Aspergillus | Aspergillus () is a genus consisting of several hundred mold species found in various climates worldwide.
Aspergillus was first catalogued in 1729 by the Italian priest and biologist Pier Antonio Micheli. Viewing the fungi under a microscope, Micheli was reminded of the shape of an aspergillum (holy water sprinkler), ... | Biology and health sciences | Basics | Plants |
1529533 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caddisfly | Caddisfly | The caddisflies (order Trichoptera) are a group of insects with aquatic larvae and terrestrial adults. There are approximately 14,500 described species, most of which can be divided into the suborders Integripalpia and Annulipalpia on the basis of the adult mouthparts. Integripalpian larvae construct a portable casing... | Biology and health sciences | Insects: General | Animals |
1530205 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conidium | Conidium | A conidium ( ; : conidia), sometimes termed an asexual chlamydospore or chlamydoconidium (: chlamydoconidia), is an asexual, non-motile spore of a fungus. The word conidium comes from the Ancient Greek word for dust, (). They are also called mitospores due to the way they are generated through the cellular process of ... | Biology and health sciences | Fungal morphology and anatomy | Biology |
1530478 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioturbation | Bioturbation | Bioturbation is defined as the reworking of soils and sediments by animals or plants. It includes burrowing, ingestion, and defecation of sediment grains. Bioturbating activities have a profound effect on the environment and are thought to be a primary driver of biodiversity. The formal study of bioturbation began in ... | Physical sciences | Sedimentology | Earth science |
1530575 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungal%20infection | Fungal infection | Fungal infection, also known as mycosis, is a disease caused by fungi. Different types are traditionally divided according to the part of the body affected; superficial, subcutaneous, and systemic. Superficial fungal infections include common tinea of the skin, such as tinea of the body, groin, hands, feet and beard, a... | Biology and health sciences | Infectious disease | null |
8676888 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium%20permanganate | Sodium permanganate | Sodium permanganate is the inorganic compound with the formula NaMnO4. It is closely related to the more commonly encountered potassium permanganate, but it is generally less desirable, because it is more expensive to produce. It is mainly available as the monohydrate. This salt absorbs water from the atmosphere and ... | Physical sciences | Metallic oxyanions | Chemistry |
16001916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-day%20vulnerability | Zero-day vulnerability | A zero-day (also known as a 0-day) is a vulnerability in software or hardware that is typically unknown to the vendor and for which no patch or other fix is available. The vendor thus has zero days to prepare a patch, as the vulnerability has already been described or exploited.
Despite developers' goal of delivering ... | Technology | Computer security | null |
2177275 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domesticated%20hedgehog | Domesticated hedgehog | The domesticated hedgehog kept as a pet is typically the African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris). Other species kept as pets include the long-eared hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus) and the Indian long-eared hedgehog (Hemiechinus collaris).
In the ancient era
Although ancient humans were familiar with the hedgehog... | Biology and health sciences | Eulipotyphla | Animals |
2178570 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic%20dust | Cosmic dust | Cosmic dustalso called extraterrestrial dust, space dust, or star dustis dust that occurs in outer space or has fallen onto Earth. Most cosmic dust particles measure between a few molecules and , such as micrometeoroids (<30 μm) and meteoroids (>30 μm). Cosmic dust can be further distinguished by its astronomical locat... | Physical sciences | Basics_2 | Astronomy |
2179965 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deinotheriidae | Deinotheriidae | Deinotheriidae ("terrible beasts") is a family of prehistoric elephant-like proboscideans that lived during the Cenozoic era, first appearing in Africa during the Oligocene then spreading across Europe and the lower latitudes of Asia during the Miocene epoch. Their most distinctive features were their lack of upper tus... | Biology and health sciences | Proboscidea | Animals |
9328562 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltzmann%27s%20entropy%20formula | Boltzmann's entropy formula | In statistical mechanics, Boltzmann's equation (also known as the Boltzmann–Planck equation) is a probability equation relating the entropy , also written as , of an ideal gas to the multiplicity (commonly denoted as or ), the number of real microstates corresponding to the gas's macrostate:
where is the Boltzmann c... | Physical sciences | Thermodynamics | Physics |
9331066 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induction%20generator | Induction generator | An induction generator or asynchronous generator is a type of alternating current (AC) electrical generator that uses the principles of induction motors to produce electric power. Induction generators operate by mechanically turning their rotors faster than synchronous speed. A regular AC induction motor usually can be... | Technology | Power generation | null |
9332179 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A/B%20testing | A/B testing | A/B testing (also known as bucket testing, split-run testing, or split testing) is a user experience research method. A/B tests consist of a randomized experiment that usually involves two variants (A and B), although the concept can be also extended to multiple variants of the same variable. It includes application of... | Mathematics | Statistics | null |
11817652 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loupe | Loupe | A loupe ( ) is a simple, small magnification device used to see small details more closely. They generally have higher magnification than a magnifying glass, and are designed to be held or worn close to the eye. A loupe does not have an attached handle, and its focusing lens(es) are contained in an opaque cylinder or c... | Technology | Optical instruments | null |
7181923 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space-filling%20model | Space-filling model | In chemistry, a space-filling model, also known as a calotte model, is a type of three-dimensional (3D) molecular model where the atoms are represented by spheres whose radii are proportional to the radii of the atoms and whose center-to-center distances are proportional to the distances between the atomic nuclei, all ... | Physical sciences | Substance | Chemistry |
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