id stringlengths 2 8 | url stringlengths 31 117 | title stringlengths 1 71 | text stringlengths 153 118k | topic stringclasses 4
values | section stringlengths 4 49 ⌀ | sublist stringclasses 9
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
172732 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycerol | Glycerol | Glycerol () is a simple triol compound. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is sweet-tasting and non-toxic. The glycerol backbone is found in lipids known as glycerides. It is also widely used as a sweetener in the food industry and as a humectant in pharmaceutical formulations. Because of its three hydrox... | Physical sciences | Alcohols | Chemistry |
172742 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shetland%20pony | Shetland pony | The Shetland pony or Sheltie is a Scottish breed of pony originating in the Shetland Islands in the north of Scotland. It may stand up to at the withers. It has a heavy coat and short legs, is strong for its size, and is used for riding, driving, and pack purposes.
History
Shetland ponies originated in the Shetland... | Biology and health sciences | Horses | Animals |
172761 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricycle | Tricycle | A tricycle, sometimes abbreviated to trike, is a human-powered (or gasoline or electric motor powered or assisted, or gravity powered) three-wheeled vehicle.
Some tricycles, such as cycle rickshaws (for passenger transport) and freight trikes, are used for commercial purposes, especially in the developing world, parti... | Technology | Human-powered transport | null |
172817 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20anesthesia | Local anesthesia | Local anesthesia is any technique to induce the absence of sensation in a specific part of the body, generally for the aim of inducing local analgesia, i.e. local insensitivity to pain, although other local senses may be affected as well. It allows patients to undergo surgical and dental procedures with reduced pain an... | Biology and health sciences | Medical procedures: General | Health |
172911 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear%20weapon%20design | Nuclear weapon design | Nuclear weapons design are physical, chemical, and engineering arrangements that cause the physics package of a nuclear weapon to detonate. There are three existing basic design types:
Pure fission weapons are the simplest, least technically demanding, were the first nuclear weapons built, and so far the only type eve... | Technology | Weapon of mass destruction | null |
172987 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar%20mass | Solar mass | The solar mass () is a standard unit of mass in astronomy, equal to approximately (2 nonillion kilograms in US short scale). It is approximately equal to the mass of the Sun. It is often used to indicate the masses of other stars, as well as stellar clusters, nebulae, galaxies and black holes. More precisely, the mas... | Physical sciences | Mass and weight | Basics and measurement |
173072 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth%20hormone | Growth hormone | Growth hormone (GH) or somatotropin, also known as human growth hormone (hGH or HGH) in its human form, is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals. It is thus important in human development. GH also stimulates production of insulin-like growth facto... | Biology and health sciences | Animal hormones | Biology |
173088 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio%20broadcasting | Radio broadcasting | Radio broadcasting is the broadcasting of audio (sound), sometimes with related metadata, by radio waves to radio receivers belonging to a public audience. In terrestrial radio broadcasting the radio waves are broadcast by a land-based radio station, while in satellite radio the radio waves are broadcast by a satellit... | Technology | Media and communication | null |
173181 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riemann%20surface | Riemann surface | In mathematics, particularly in complex analysis, a Riemann surface is a connected one-dimensional complex manifold. These surfaces were first studied by and are named after Bernhard Riemann. Riemann surfaces can be thought of as deformed versions of the complex plane: locally near every point they look like patches o... | Mathematics | Calculus and analysis | null |
173204 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drosophila%20melanogaster | Drosophila melanogaster | Drosophila melanogaster is a species of fly (an insect of the order Diptera) in the family Drosophilidae. The species is often referred to as the fruit fly or lesser fruit fly, or less commonly the "vinegar fly", "pomace fly", or "banana fly". In the wild, D. melanogaster are attracted to rotting fruit and fermenting b... | Biology and health sciences | Flies (Diptera) | null |
173238 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diels%E2%80%93Alder%20reaction | Diels–Alder reaction | In organic chemistry, the Diels–Alder reaction is a chemical reaction between a conjugated diene and a substituted alkene, commonly termed the dienophile, to form a substituted cyclohexene derivative. It is the prototypical example of a pericyclic reaction with a concerted mechanism. More specifically, it is classified... | Physical sciences | Organic reactions | Chemistry |
173272 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-exposure%20HDR%20capture | Multi-exposure HDR capture | In photography and videography, multi-exposure HDR capture is a technique that creates high dynamic range (HDR) images (or extended dynamic range images) by taking and combining multiple exposures of the same subject matter at different exposures. Combining multiple images in this way results in an image with a greater... | Technology | Photography | null |
173283 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poly%28methyl%20methacrylate%29 | Poly(methyl methacrylate) | Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a synthetic polymer derived from methyl methacrylate. It is a transparent thermoplastic, used as an engineering plastic. PMMA is also known as acrylic, acrylic glass, as well as by the trade names and brands Crylux, Hesalite, Plexiglas, Acrylite, Lucite, and Perspex, among several ot... | Physical sciences | Polymers | Chemistry |
173285 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equilateral%20triangle | Equilateral triangle | An equilateral triangle is a triangle in which all three sides have the same length, and all three angles are equal. Because of these properties, the equilateral triangle is a regular polygon, occasionally known as the regular triangle. It is the special case of an isosceles triangle by modern definition, creating more... | Mathematics | Two-dimensional space | null |
173316 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strychnine | Strychnine | Strychnine (, , US chiefly ) is a highly toxic, colorless, bitter, crystalline alkaloid used as a pesticide, particularly for killing small vertebrates such as birds and rodents. Strychnine, when inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through the eyes or mouth, causes poisoning which results in muscular convulsions and event... | Physical sciences | Alkaloids | Chemistry |
173351 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory | Laboratory | A laboratory (; ; colloquially lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed. Laboratories are found in a variety of settings such as schools, universities, privately owned research institutions, corporate research and... | Physical sciences | Basics | null |
173354 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation | Automation | Automation describes a wide range of technologies that reduce human intervention in processes, mainly by predetermining decision criteria, subprocess relationships, and related actions, as well as embodying those predeterminations in machines. Automation has been achieved by various means including mechanical, hydrauli... | Technology | Basics_6 | null |
173362 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortnight | Fortnight | A fortnight is a unit of time equal to 14 days (two weeks). The word derives from the Old English term , meaning "" (or "fourteen days", since the Anglo-Saxons counted by nights).
Astronomy and tides
In astronomy, a lunar fortnight is half a lunar synodic month, which is equivalent to the mean period between a full m... | Physical sciences | Time | Basics and measurement |
173366 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanization | Mechanization | Mechanization (or mechanisation) is the process of changing from working largely or exclusively by hand or with animals to doing that work with machinery. In an early engineering text, a machine is defined as follows:
In every fields, mechanization includes the use of hand tools. In modern usage, such as in engineeri... | Technology | Basics_6 | null |
173416 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical%20physics | Mathematical physics | Mathematical physics refers to the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulatio... | Physical sciences | Physics basics: General | Physics |
173462 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cessna%20172 | Cessna 172 | The Cessna 172 Skyhawk is an American four-seat, single-engine, high wing, fixed-wing aircraft made by the Cessna Aircraft Company. First flown in 1955, more 172s have been built than any other aircraft. It was developed from the 1948 Cessna 170 but with tricycle landing gear rather than conventional landing gear. The ... | Technology | Specific aircraft_2 | null |
173484 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellanic%20Clouds | Magellanic Clouds | The Magellanic Clouds (Magellanic system or Nubeculae Magellani) are two irregular dwarf galaxies in the southern celestial hemisphere. Orbiting the Milky Way galaxy, these satellite galaxies are members of the Local Group. Because both show signs of a bar structure, they are often reclassified as Magellanic spiral gal... | Physical sciences | Notable galaxies | Astronomy |
173493 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20Magellanic%20Cloud | Small Magellanic Cloud | The Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) is a dwarf galaxy near the Milky Way. Classified as a dwarf irregular galaxy, the SMC has a D25 isophotal diameter of about , and contains several hundred million stars. It has a total mass of approximately 7 billion solar masses. At a distance of about 200,000 light-years, the SMC is a... | Physical sciences | Notable galaxies | null |
173523 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet%20astronomy | Ultraviolet astronomy | Ultraviolet astronomy is the observation of electromagnetic radiation at ultraviolet wavelengths between approximately 10 and 320 nanometres; shorter wavelengths—higher energy photons—are studied by X-ray astronomy and gamma-ray astronomy. Ultraviolet light is not visible to the human eye. Most of the light at these wa... | Physical sciences | High-energy astronomy | Astronomy |
173546 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caraway | Caraway | Caraway, also known as meridian fennel and Persian cumin (Carum carvi), is a biennial plant in the family Apiaceae, native to western Asia, Europe, and North Africa.
Etymology
The etymology of "caraway" is unclear. Caraway has been called by many names in different regions, with names deriving from the Latin (cumin)... | Biology and health sciences | Herbs and spices | Plants |
173548 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fennel | Fennel | Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a flowering plant species in the carrot family. It is a hardy, perennial herb with yellow flowers and feathery leaves. It is indigenous to the shores of the Mediterranean but has become widely naturalized in many parts of the world, especially on dry soils near the sea coast and on riverb... | Biology and health sciences | Apiales | null |
173652 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemorrhoid | Hemorrhoid | Hemorrhoids (or haemorrhoids), also known as piles, are vascular structures in the anal canal. In their normal state, they are cushions that help with stool control. They become a disease when swollen or inflamed; the unqualified term hemorrhoid is often used to refer to the disease. The signs and symptoms of hemorrhoi... | Biology and health sciences | Human anatomy | Health |
173724 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawking%20radiation | Hawking radiation | Hawking radiation is black body radiation released outside a black hole's event horizon due to quantum effects according to a model developed by Stephen Hawking in 1974.
The radiation was not predicted by previous models which assumed that once electromagnetic radiation is inside the event horizon, it cannot escape. H... | Physical sciences | Theory of relativity | Physics |
173773 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cataclysmic%20variable%20star | Cataclysmic variable star | In astronomy, cataclysmic variable stars (CVs) are stars which irregularly increase in brightness by a large factor, then drop back down to a quiescent state. They were initially called novae (), since ones with an outburst brightness visible to the naked eye and an invisible quiescent brightness appeared as new stars ... | Physical sciences | Stellar astronomy | Astronomy |
173844 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transpose | Transpose | In linear algebra, the transpose of a matrix is an operator which flips a matrix over its diagonal;
that is, it switches the row and column indices of the matrix by producing another matrix, often denoted by (among other notations).
The transpose of a matrix was introduced in 1858 by the British mathematician Arth... | Mathematics | Linear algebra | null |
173857 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard%20Mark%20I | Harvard Mark I | The Harvard Mark I, or IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (ASCC), was one of the earliest general-purpose electromechanical computers used in the war effort during the last part of World War II.
One of the first programs to run on the Mark I was initiated on 29 March 1944 by John von Neumann. At that time, v... | Technology | Early computers | null |
173900 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epicenter | Epicenter | The epicenter (), epicentre, or epicentrum in seismology is the point on the Earth's surface directly above a hypocenter or focus, the point where an earthquake or an underground explosion originates.
Determination
The primary purpose of a seismometer is to locate the initiating points of earthquake epicenters. The s... | Physical sciences | Seismology | Earth science |
173961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center%20of%20mass | Center of mass | In physics, the center of mass of a distribution of mass in space (sometimes referred to as the barycenter or balance point) is the unique point at any given time where the weighted relative position of the distributed mass sums to zero. For a rigid body containing its center of mass, this is the point to which a force... | Physical sciences | Classical mechanics | Physics |
174003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phar%20Lap | Phar Lap | Phar Lap (4 October 1926 – 5 April 1932) was a New Zealand-born champion Australian Thoroughbred racehorse. Achieving great success during his distinguished career, his initial underdog status gave people hope during the early years of the Great Depression. He won the Melbourne Cup, two Cox Plates, the Australian Derby... | Biology and health sciences | Individual animals | Animals |
174026 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical%20geometry | Spherical geometry | Spherical geometry or spherics () is the geometry of the two-dimensional surface of a sphere or the -dimensional surface of higher dimensional spheres.
Long studied for its practical applications to astronomy, navigation, and geodesy, spherical geometry and the metrical tools of spherical trigonometry are in many res... | Mathematics | Non-Euclidean geometry | null |
174030 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western%20blot | Western blot | The western blot (sometimes called the protein immunoblot), or western blotting, is a widely used analytical technique in molecular biology and immunogenetics to detect specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract. Besides detecting the proteins, this technique is also utilized to visualize, distinguis... | Technology | Biotechnology | null |
174080 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagonal%20matrix | Diagonal matrix | In linear algebra, a diagonal matrix is a matrix in which the entries outside the main diagonal are all zero; the term usually refers to square matrices. Elements of the main diagonal can either be zero or nonzero. An example of a 2×2 diagonal matrix is , while an example of a 3×3 diagonal matrix is. An identity matrix... | Mathematics | Linear algebra | null |
174108 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abc%20conjecture | Abc conjecture | The abc conjecture (also known as the Oesterlé–Masser conjecture) is a conjecture in number theory that arose out of a discussion of Joseph Oesterlé and David Masser in 1985. It is stated in terms of three positive integers and (hence the name) that are relatively prime and satisfy . The conjecture essentially state... | Mathematics | Prime numbers | null |
174151 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SATA | SATA | SATA (Serial AT Attachment) is a computer bus interface that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid-state drives. Serial ATA succeeded the earlier Parallel ATA (PATA) standard to become the predominant interface for storage devices.
Serial ATA industry co... | Technology | Computer hardware | null |
174236 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagenesis | Diagenesis | Diagenesis () is the process of physical and chemical changes in sediments first caused by water-rock interactions, microbial activity, and compaction after their deposition. Increased pressure and temperature only start to play a role as sediments become buried much deeper in the Earth's crust. In the early stages, th... | Physical sciences | Sedimentology | Earth science |
56153 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophthalmology | Ophthalmology | Ophthalmology (, ) is a clinical and surgical specialty within medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. A former term is oculism.
An ophthalmologist is a physician who undergoes subspecialty training in medical and surgical eye care. Following a medical degree, a doctor specialising in op... | Biology and health sciences | Fields of medicine | null |
56212 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linen | Linen | Linen () is a textile made from the fibers of the flax plant.
Linen is very strong and absorbent and dries faster than cotton. Because of these properties, linen is comfortable to wear in hot weather and is valued for use in garments. Linen textiles can be made from flax plant fiber, yarn, as well as woven and knitted... | Technology | Fabrics and fibers | null |
56216 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical%20%28vehicle%29 | Technical (vehicle) | A technical, known as a non-standard tactical vehicle (NSTV) in United States military parlance, is a light improvised fighting vehicle, typically an open-backed civilian pickup truck or four-wheel drive vehicle modified to mount SALWs and heavy weaponry, such as a machine gun, automatic grenade launcher, anti-aircraft... | Technology | Maneuver | null |
56217 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poaceae | Poaceae | Poaceae ( ), also called Gramineae ( ), is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos, the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and pasture. The latter are commonly referred to collectively as grass... | Biology and health sciences | Poales | null |
56226 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrum | Electrum | Electrum is a naturally occurring alloy of gold and silver, with trace amounts of copper and other metals. Its color ranges from pale to bright yellow, depending on the proportions of gold and silver. It has been produced artificially and is also known as "green gold".
Electrum was used as early as the third millenniu... | Physical sciences | Specific alloys | Chemistry |
56228 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dairy | Dairy | A dairy is a place where milk is stored and where butter, cheese and other dairy products are made, or a place where those products are sold. It may be a room, a building or a larger establishment. In the United States, the word may also describe a dairy farm or the part of a mixed farm dedicated to milk for human cons... | Technology | Forms | null |
56230 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cichlid | Cichlid | Cichlids
are fish from the family Cichlidae in the order Cichliformes. Traditionally Cichlids were classed in a suborder, the Labroidei, along with the wrasses (Labridae), in the order Perciformes, but molecular studies have contradicted this grouping. On the basis of fossil evidence, it first appeared in Argentina du... | Biology and health sciences | Acanthomorpha | null |
56265 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymus | Thymus | The thymus (: thymuses or thymi) is a specialized primary lymphoid organ of the immune system. Within the thymus, thymus cell lymphocytes or T cells mature. T cells are critical to the adaptive immune system, where the body adapts to specific foreign invaders. The thymus is located in the upper front part of the chest... | Biology and health sciences | Immune system | Biology |
56276 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family%20%28biology%29 | Family (biology) | Family (, : ) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are oft... | Biology and health sciences | Taxonomic rank | Biology |
56277 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhubarb | Rhubarb | Rhubarb is the fleshy, edible stalks (petioles) of species and hybrids (culinary rhubarb) of Rheum in the family Polygonaceae, which are cooked and used for food. The plant is a herbaceous perennial that grows from short, thick rhizomes. Historically, different plants have been called "rhubarb" in English. The large, t... | Biology and health sciences | Plants with edible fruit-like structures | Plants |
56309 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land%20use | Land use | Land use is an umbrella term to describe what happens on a parcel of land. It concerns the benefits derived from using the land, and also the land management actions that humans carry out there. The following categories are used for land use: forest land, cropland (agricultural land), grassland, wetlands, settlements a... | Physical sciences | Earth science basics: General | Earth science |
56315 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mango | Mango | A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree Mangifera indica. It originated from the region between northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and northeastern India. M. indica has been cultivated in South and Southeast Asia since ancient times resulting in two types of modern mango cultivars: the "Indian typ... | Biology and health sciences | Sapindales | null |
56333 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root | Root | In vascular plants, the roots are the organs of a plant that are modified to provide anchorage for the plant and take in water and nutrients into the plant body, which allows plants to grow taller and faster. They are most often below the surface of the soil, but roots can also be aerial or aerating, that is, growing u... | Biology and health sciences | Plant: General | null |
56360 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorbitol | Sorbitol | Sorbitol (), less commonly known as glucitol (), is a sugar alcohol with a sweet taste which the human body metabolizes slowly. It can be obtained by reduction of glucose, which changes the converted aldehyde group (−CHO) to a primary alcohol group (−CH2OH). Most sorbitol is made from potato starch, but it is also foun... | Physical sciences | Sugar alcohols | Chemistry |
56369 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell%27s%20theorem | Bell's theorem | Bell's theorem is a term encompassing a number of closely related results in physics, all of which determine that quantum mechanics is incompatible with local hidden-variable theories, given some basic assumptions about the nature of measurement. "Local" here refers to the principle of locality, the idea that a particl... | Physical sciences | Quantum mechanics | Physics |
56398 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase%20diagram | Phase diagram | A phase diagram in physical chemistry, engineering, mineralogy, and materials science is a type of chart used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases (such as solid, liquid or gaseous states) occur and coexist at equilibrium.
Overview
Common components of a phase d... | Physical sciences | Chemistry: General | null |
56434 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julia%20set | Julia set | In complex dynamics, the Julia set and the Fatou set are two complementary sets (Julia "laces" and Fatou "dusts") defined from a function. Informally, the Fatou set of the function consists of values with the property that all nearby values behave similarly under repeated iteration of the function, and the Julia set co... | Mathematics | Other | null |
56435 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | Obesity | Obesity is a medical condition, sometimes considered a disease, in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that it can potentially have negative effects on health. People are classified as obese when their body mass index (BMI)—a person's weight divided by the square of the person's height—is over ; the... | Biology and health sciences | Health, fitness, and medicine | null |
56437 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared%20astronomy | Infrared astronomy | Infrared astronomy is a sub-discipline of astronomy which specializes in the observation and analysis of astronomical objects using infrared (IR) radiation. The wavelength of infrared light ranges from 0.75 to 300 micrometers, and falls in between visible radiation, which ranges from 380 to 750 nanometers, and submilli... | Physical sciences | Basics | Astronomy |
56440 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital%20inclination | Orbital inclination | Orbital inclination measures the tilt of an object's orbit around a celestial body. It is expressed as the angle between a reference plane and the orbital plane or axis of direction of the orbiting object.
For a satellite orbiting the Earth directly above the Equator, the plane of the satellite's orbit is the same as... | Physical sciences | Celestial mechanics | Astronomy |
56462 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpal%20tunnel%20syndrome | Carpal tunnel syndrome | Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a nerve compression syndrome associated with the collected signs and symptoms of compression of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel in the wrist. Carpal tunnel syndrome usually has no known cause, but there are environmental and medical risk factors associated with the condition. CTS ... | Biology and health sciences | Types | Health |
56465 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassava | Cassava | Manihot esculenta, commonly called cassava, manioc, or yuca (among numerous regional names), is a woody shrub of the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, native to South America, from Brazil, Paraguay and parts of the Andes. Although a perennial plant, cassava is extensively cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions as a... | Biology and health sciences | Malpighiales | null |
56483 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourette%20syndrome | Tourette syndrome | Tourette syndrome or Tourette's syndrome (abbreviated as TS or Tourette's) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that begins in childhood or adolescence. It is characterized by multiple movement (motor) tics and at least one vocal (phonic) tic. Common tics are blinking, coughing, throat clearing, sniffing, and facial... | Biology and health sciences | Mental disorders | Health |
56484 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-pass%20filter | Low-pass filter | A low-pass filter is a filter that passes signals with a frequency lower than a selected cutoff frequency and attenuates signals with frequencies higher than the cutoff frequency. The exact frequency response of the filter depends on the filter design. The filter is sometimes called a high-cut filter, or treble-cut fil... | Technology | Signal processing | null |
56486 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-pass%20filter | High-pass filter | A high-pass filter (HPF) is an electronic filter that passes signals with a frequency higher than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuates signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency. The amount of attenuation for each frequency depends on the filter design. A high-pass filter is usually modeled as a lin... | Technology | Signal processing | null |
56509 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potash | Potash | Potash ( ) includes various mined and manufactured salts that contain potassium in water-soluble form. The name derives from pot ash, plant ashes or wood ash soaked in water in a pot, the primary means of manufacturing potash before the Industrial Era. The word potassium is derived from potash.
Potash is produced worl... | Physical sciences | Salts and ions: General | Chemistry |
56511 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney%20dialysis | Kidney dialysis | Kidney dialysis (from Greek , , 'dissolution'; from , , 'through', and , , 'loosening or splitting') is the process of removing excess water, solutes, and toxins from the blood in people whose kidneys can no longer perform these functions naturally. Along with kidney transplantation, it is a type of renal replacement t... | Technology | Techniques | null |
56512 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capillary | Capillary | A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system. Capillaries are microvessels and the smallest blood vessels in the body. They are composed of only the tunica intima (the innermost layer of an artery or vein), consisting of a thin wall of simple squa... | Biology and health sciences | Circulatory system | null |
56527 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galactose | Galactose | Galactose (, galacto- + -ose, "milk sugar"), sometimes abbreviated Gal, is a monosaccharide sugar that is about as sweet as glucose, and about 65% as sweet as sucrose. It is an aldohexose and a C-4 epimer of glucose. A galactose molecule linked with a glucose molecule forms a lactose molecule.
Galactan is a polymeric ... | Biology and health sciences | Carbohydrates | Biology |
56552 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet%20lag | Jet lag | Jet lag is a temporary physiological condition that occurs when a person's circadian rhythm is out of sync with the time zone they are in, and is a typical result from travelling rapidly across multiple time zones (east–west or west–east). For example, someone travelling from New York to London, i.e. from west to east,... | Biology and health sciences | Mental disorders | Health |
56558 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood%20pressure | Blood pressure | Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels. Most of this pressure results from the heart pumping blood through the circulatory system. When used without qualification, the term "blood pressure" refers to the pressure in a brachial artery, where it is most commonly measur... | Biology and health sciences | Medical procedures | null |
56561 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anesthesia | Anesthesia | Anesthesia (American English) or anaesthesia (British English) is a state of controlled, temporary loss of sensation or awareness that is induced for medical or veterinary purposes. It may include some or all of analgesia (relief from or prevention of pain), paralysis (muscle relaxation), amnesia (loss of memory), and ... | Biology and health sciences | Drugs and medication | null |
56565 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circadian%20rhythm | Circadian rhythm | A circadian rhythm (), or circadian cycle, is a natural oscillation that repeats roughly every 24 hours. Circadian rhythms can refer to any process that originates within an organism (i.e., endogenous) and responds to the environment (is entrained by the environment). Circadian rhythms are regulated by a circadian cloc... | Biology and health sciences | Basics_3 | null |
56567 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperbolic%20functions | Hyperbolic functions | In mathematics, hyperbolic functions are analogues of the ordinary trigonometric functions, but defined using the hyperbola rather than the circle. Just as the points form a circle with a unit radius, the points form the right half of the unit hyperbola. Also, similarly to how the derivatives of and are and respe... | Mathematics | Geometry | null |
56568 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiades | Pleiades | The Pleiades (), also known as Seven Sisters and Messier 45 (M45), is an asterism of an open star cluster containing young B-type stars in the northwest of the constellation Taurus. At a distance of about 444 light-years, it is among the nearest star clusters to Earth and the nearest Messier object to Earth, being the ... | Physical sciences | Other notable objects | null |
56590 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20General%20Catalogue | New General Catalogue | The New General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars (abbreviated NGC) is an astronomical catalogue of deep-sky objects compiled by John Louis Emil Dreyer in 1888. The NGC contains 7,840 objects, including galaxies, star clusters and emission nebulae. Dreyer published two supplements to the NGC in 1895 and 1908, ... | Physical sciences | Surveys and Catalogs | Astronomy |
56637 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium%20perchlorate | Ammonium perchlorate | Ammonium perchlorate ("AP") is an inorganic compound with the formula . It is a colorless or white solid that is soluble in water. It is a powerful oxidizer. Combined with a fuel, it can be used as a rocket propellant called ammonium perchlorate composite propellant. Its instability has involved it in a number of acci... | Physical sciences | Halide oxyanions | Chemistry |
56654 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perchloric%20acid | Perchloric acid | Perchloric acid is a mineral acid with the formula HClO4. It is an oxoacid of chlorine. Usually found as an aqueous solution, this colorless compound is a stronger acid than sulfuric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid. It is a powerful oxidizer when hot, but aqueous solutions up to approximately 70% by weight at r... | Physical sciences | Specific acids | Chemistry |
56668 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apricot | Apricot | An apricot (, ) is a fruit, or the tree that bears the fruit, of several species in the genus Prunus.
Usually an apricot is from the species P. armeniaca, but the fruits of the other species in Prunus sect. Armeniaca are also called apricots. In 2022, world production of apricots was 3.9 million tonnes, led by Turkey ... | Biology and health sciences | Rosales | null |
56778 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azeotrope | Azeotrope | An azeotrope () or a constant heating point mixture is a mixture of two or more liquids whose proportions cannot be changed by simple distillation. This happens because when an azeotrope is boiled, the vapour has the same proportions of constituents as the unboiled mixture. Knowing an azeotrope's behavior is important ... | Physical sciences | Phase separations | Chemistry |
56825 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eating%20disorder | Eating disorder | An eating disorder is a mental disorder defined by abnormal eating behaviors that adversely affect a person's physical or mental health. These behaviors may include eating either too much or too little. Types of eating disorders include binge eating disorder, where the patient keeps eating large amounts in a short peri... | Biology and health sciences | Mental disorder | null |
56873 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactose%20intolerance | Lactose intolerance | Lactose intolerance is caused by a lessened ability or a complete inability to digest lactose, a sugar found in dairy products. Humans vary in the amount of lactose they can tolerate before symptoms develop. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, flatulence, and nausea. These symptoms typically start ... | Biology and health sciences | Health and fitness: General | Health |
56884 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plum | Plum | A plum is a fruit of some species in Prunus subg. Prunus. Dried plums are often called prunes, though in the United States they may be labeled as 'dried plums', especially during the 21st century.
Plums are likely to have been one of the first fruits domesticated by humans, with origins in East European and Caucasian ... | Biology and health sciences | Rosales | null |
56887 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineapple | Pineapple | The pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a tropical plant with an edible fruit; it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae.
The pineapple is indigenous to South America, where it has been cultivated for many centuries. The introduction of the pineapple plant to Europe in the 17th century made it... | Biology and health sciences | Poales | null |
56891 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon%20%28API%29 | Carbon (API) | Carbon was one of two primary C-based application programming interfaces (APIs) developed by Apple for the macOS (formerly Mac OS X and OS X) operating system. Carbon provided a good degree of backward compatibility for programs that ran on Mac OS 8 and 9. Developers could use the Carbon APIs to port (“carbonize”) thei... | Technology | Software development: General | null |
56912 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Siberian%20Railway | Trans-Siberian Railway | The Trans-Siberian Railway, historically known as the Great Siberian Route and often shortened to Transsib, is a large railway system that connects European Russia to the Russian Far East. Spanning a length of over , it is the longest railway line in the world. It runs from the city of Moscow in the west to the city of... | Technology | Trains | null |
57008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20robin | European robin | The European robin (Erithacus rubecula), known simply as the robin or robin redbreast in the British Isles, is a small insectivorous passerine bird that belongs to the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. It is found across Europe, east to Western Siberia and south to North Africa; it is sedentary in the west and ... | Biology and health sciences | Passerida | null |
57079 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettuce | Lettuce | Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is an annual plant of the family Asteraceae mostly grown as a leaf vegetable. The leaves are most often used raw in green salads, although lettuce is also seen in other kinds of food, such as sandwiches, wraps and soups; it can also be grilled. Its stem and seeds are sometimes used; celtuce (as... | Biology and health sciences | Asterales | null |
57122 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplication%20table | Multiplication table | In mathematics, a multiplication table (sometimes, less formally, a times table) is a mathematical table used to define a multiplication operation for an algebraic system.
The decimal multiplication table was traditionally taught as an essential part of elementary arithmetic around the world, as it lays the foundation... | Mathematics | Basics | null |
57146 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chickpea | Chickpea | The chickpea or chick pea (Cicer arietinum) is an annual legume of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae, cultivated for its edible seeds. Its different types are variously known as gram or Bengal gram; chhola, chhana, chana, or channa; garbanzo or garbanzo bean; or Egyptian pea. It is one of the earliest cultivated... | Biology and health sciences | Fabales | null |
57169 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heating%2C%20ventilation%2C%20and%20air%20conditioning | Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning | Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) is the use of various technologies to control the temperature, humidity, and purity of the air in an enclosed space. Its goal is to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality. HVAC system design is a subdiscipline of mechanical engineering, based on the p... | Technology | Other components | null |
57174 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rib%20cage | Rib cage | The rib cage or thoracic cage is an endoskeletal enclosure in the thorax of most vertebrates that comprises the ribs, vertebral column and sternum, which protect the vital organs of the thoracic cavity, such as the heart, lungs and great vessels and support the shoulder girdle to form the core part of the axial skeleto... | Biology and health sciences | Skeletal system | Biology |
57176 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunchaku | Nunchaku | is a traditional East-Asian martial arts weapon consisting of two sticks (traditionally made of wood), connected to each other at their ends by a short metal chain or a rope. It is approximately (sticks) and (rope). A person who has practiced using this weapon is referred to in Japanese as .
The nunchaku is most wid... | Technology | Melee weapons | null |
57212 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TGV | TGV | The TGV (; , , 'high-speed train') is France's intercity high-speed rail service. With commercial operating speeds of up to on the newer lines, the TGV was conceived at the same period as other technological projects such as the Ariane 1 rocket and Concorde supersonic airliner; sponsored by the Government of France, t... | Technology | High-speed rail | null |
57260 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Envelope | Envelope | An envelope is a common packaging item, usually made of thin, flat material. It is designed to contain a flat object, such as a letter or card.
Traditional envelopes are made from sheets of paper cut to one of three shapes: a rhombus, a short-arm cross or a kite. These shapes allow the envelope structure to be made by... | Technology | Containers | null |
57326 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%20Moivre%27s%20formula | De Moivre's formula | In mathematics, de Moivre's formula (also known as de Moivre's theorem and de Moivre's identity) states that for any real number and integer it is the case that
where is the imaginary unit (). The formula is named after Abraham de Moivre, although he never stated it in his works. The expression is sometimes abbrev... | Mathematics | Complex analysis | null |
57330 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory%20system | Circulatory system | In vertebrates, the circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the body. It includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, that consists of the heart and blood vessels (from Greek meaning heart, and Latin meaning vessels). The cir... | Biology and health sciences | Biology | null |
57413 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rambutan | Rambutan | Rambutan ( ; Nephelium lappaceum) is a medium-sized tropical tree in the family Sapindaceae. The name also refers to the edible fruit produced by this tree. The rambutan is native to Southeast Asia. It is closely related to several other edible tropical fruits, including the lychee, longan, pulasan, and quenepa.
Descr... | Biology and health sciences | Stone fruits | Plants |
57414 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary%20developmental%20biology | Evolutionary developmental biology | Evolutionary developmental biology (informally, evo-devo) is a field of biological research that compares the developmental processes of different organisms to infer how developmental processes evolved.
The field grew from 19th-century beginnings, where embryology faced a mystery: zoologists did not know how embryonic... | Biology and health sciences | Basics_4 | Biology |
57416 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przewalski%27s%20horse | Przewalski's horse | Przewalski's horse ( ; (); ; Equus ferus przewalskii or Equus przewalskii), also called the takhi (), Mongolian wild horse or Dzungarian horse, is a rare and endangered horse originally native to the steppes of Central Asia. It is named after the Russian geographer and explorer Nikolay Przhevalsky. Once extinct in the... | Biology and health sciences | Equidae | Animals |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.