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204118 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortification | Fortification | A fortification (also called a fort, fortress, fastness, or stronghold) is a military construction designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ("strong") and ("to make").
From very early history to modern times, defens... | Technology | Structures | null |
204174 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatidae | Anatidae | The Anatidae are the biological family of water birds that includes ducks, geese, and swans. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on all the world's continents except Antarctica. These birds are adapted for swimming, floating on the water surface, and, in some cases, diving in at least shallow water. T... | Biology and health sciences | Anseriformes | Animals |
204228 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarry | Quarry | A quarry is a type of open-pit mine in which dimension stone, rock, construction aggregate, riprap, sand, gravel, or slate is excavated from the ground. The operation of quarries is regulated in some jurisdictions to manage their safety risks and reduce their environmental impact.
The word quarry can also include the ... | Technology | Building materials | null |
204277 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal%20number | Normal number | In mathematics, a real number is said to be simply normal in an integer base b if its infinite sequence of digits is distributed uniformly in the sense that each of the b digit values has the same natural density 1/b. A number is said to be normal in base b if, for every positive integer n, all possible strings n digit... | Mathematics | Basics | null |
204420 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saliva | Saliva | Saliva (commonly referred to as spit or drool) is an extracellular fluid produced and secreted by salivary glands in the mouth. In humans, saliva is around 99% water, plus electrolytes, mucus, white blood cells, epithelial cells (from which DNA can be extracted), enzymes (such as lipase and amylase), and antimicrobial ... | Biology and health sciences | Gastrointestinal tract | Biology |
204433 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrotis | Macrotis | Macrotis is a genus of desert-dwelling marsupial omnivores known as bilbies or rabbit-bandicoots; they are members of the order Peramelemorphia. At the time of European colonisation of Australia, there were two species. The lesser bilby became extinct in the 1950s; the greater bilby survives but remains endangered. It ... | Biology and health sciences | Marsupials | Animals |
204464 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensive%20and%20extensive%20properties | Intensive and extensive properties | Physical or chemical properties of materials and systems can often be categorized as being either intensive or extensive, according to how the property changes when the size (or extent) of the system changes.
The terms "intensive and extensive quantities" were introduced into physics by German mathematician Georg Helm ... | Physical sciences | Thermodynamics | Physics |
204466 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubble%20chamber | Bubble chamber | A bubble chamber is a vessel filled with a superheated transparent liquid (most often liquid hydrogen) used to detect electrically charged particles moving through it. It was invented in 1952 by Donald A. Glaser, for which he was awarded the 1960 Nobel Prize in Physics. Supposedly, Glaser was inspired by the bubbles in... | Physical sciences | Basics_3 | Physics |
204504 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millennium | Millennium | A millennium () is a period of one thousand years or one hundred decades or ten centuries, sometimes called a kiloannum (ka), or kiloyear (ky). Normally, the word is used specifically for periods of a thousand years that begin at the starting point (initial reference point) of the calendar in consideration and at later... | Physical sciences | Time | Basics and measurement |
204539 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mira%20variable | Mira variable | Mira variables (named for the prototype star Mira) are a class of pulsating stars characterized by very red colours, pulsation periods longer than 100 days, and amplitudes greater than one magnitude in infrared and 2.5 magnitude at visual wavelengths. They are red giants in the very late stages of stellar evolution, o... | Physical sciences | Stellar astronomy | Astronomy |
1118041 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental%20implant | Dental implant | A dental implant (also known as an endosseous implant or fixture) is a prosthesis that interfaces with the bone of the jaw or skull to support a dental prosthesis such as a crown, bridge, denture, or facial prosthesis or to act as an orthodontic anchor. The basis for modern dental implants is a biological process calle... | Biology and health sciences | Dental treatments | Health |
1118042 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asymptotic%20giant%20branch | Asymptotic giant branch | The asymptotic giant branch (AGB) is a region of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram populated by evolved cool luminous stars. This is a period of stellar evolution undertaken by all low- to intermediate-mass stars (about 0.5 to 8 solar masses) late in their lives.
Observationally, an asymptotic-giant-branch star will app... | Physical sciences | Stellar astronomy | Astronomy |
1118171 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flatness%20problem | Flatness problem | The flatness problem (also known as the oldness problem) is a cosmological fine-tuning problem within the Big Bang model of the universe. Such problems arise from the observation that some of the initial conditions of the universe appear to be fine-tuned to very 'special' values, and that small deviations from these va... | Physical sciences | Physical cosmology | Astronomy |
1118730 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enantiornithes | Enantiornithes | The Enantiornithes, also known as enantiornithines or enantiornitheans in literature, are a group of extinct avialans ("birds" in the broad sense), the most abundant and diverse group known from the Mesozoic era. Almost all retained teeth and clawed fingers on each wing, but otherwise looked much like modern birds exte... | Biology and health sciences | Prehistoric birds | Animals |
1118789 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linearization | Linearization | In mathematics, linearization (British English: linearisation) is finding the linear approximation to a function at a given point. The linear approximation of a function is the first order Taylor expansion around the point of interest. In the study of dynamical systems, linearization is a method for assessing the local... | Mathematics | Basics_2 | null |
1118840 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil%20classification | Soil classification | Soil classification deals with the systematic categorization of soils based on distinguishing characteristics as well as criteria that dictate choices in use.
Overview
Soil classification is a dynamic subject, from the structure of the system, to the definitions of classes, to the application in the field. Soil class... | Physical sciences | Soil science | Earth science |
1119275 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon-dioxide%20laser | Carbon-dioxide laser | The carbon-dioxide laser (CO2 laser) was one of the earliest gas lasers to be developed. It was invented by Kumar Patel of Bell Labs in 1964 and is still one of the most useful types of laser. Carbon-dioxide lasers are the highest-power continuous-wave lasers that are currently available. They are also quite efficient:... | Technology | Lasers | null |
1119697 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal%20sac | Vocal sac | The vocal sac is the flexible membrane of skin possessed by most male frogs and toads. The purpose of the vocal sac is usually as an amplification of their mating or advertisement call. The presence or development of the vocal sac is one way of externally determining the sex of a frog or toad in many species; taking fr... | Biology and health sciences | Gastrointestinal tract | Biology |
1119831 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass%20wool | Glass wool | Glass wool is an insulating material made from glass fiber arranged using a binder into a texture similar to wool. The process traps many small pockets of air between the glass, and these small air pockets result in high thermal insulation properties. Glass wool is produced in rolls or in slabs, with different thermal ... | Technology | Materials | null |
1120048 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scroll | Scroll | A scroll (from the Old French escroe or escroue), also known as a roll, is a roll of papyrus, parchment, or paper containing writing.
Structure
A scroll is usually partitioned into pages, which are sometimes separate sheets of papyrus or parchment glued together at the edges. Scrolls may be marked divisions of a cont... | Technology | Media and communication | null |
1120742 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artichoke | Artichoke | The artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus), also known by the names French artichoke, globe artichoke, and green artichoke in the United States, is a variety of a species of thistle cultivated as food.
The edible portion of the plant consists of the flower buds before the flowers come into bloom. The budding art... | Biology and health sciences | Asterales | null |
1121399 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threshing | Threshing | Threshing or thrashing is the process of loosening the edible part of grain (or other crop) from the straw to which it is attached. It is the step in grain preparation after reaping. Threshing does not remove the bran from the grain.
History of threshing
Through much of the important history of agriculture, threshing... | Technology | Agronomical techniques | null |
5856895 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proterosuchus | Proterosuchus | Proterosuchus is an extinct genus of archosauriform reptiles that lived during the Early Triassic. It contains three valid species: the type species P. fergusi and the referred species P. alexanderi and P. goweri. All three species lived in what is now South Africa. The genus was named in 1903 by the South African pale... | Biology and health sciences | Other prehistoric archosaurs | Animals |
17947615 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distaff | Distaff | A distaff (, , also called a rock) is a tool used in spinning. It is designed to hold the unspun fibers, keeping them untangled and thus easing the spinning process. It is most commonly used to hold flax and sometimes wool, but can be used for any type of fibre. Fiber is wrapped around the distaff and tied in place wit... | Technology | Spinning | null |
4421272 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic%20condition | Chronic condition | A chronic condition (also known as chronic disease or chronic illness) is a health condition or disease that is persistent or otherwise long-lasting in its effects or a disease that comes with time. The term chronic is often applied when the course of the disease lasts for more than three months. Common chronic disease... | Biology and health sciences | Disease: general classification | Health |
12328559 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misgurnus%20fossilis | Misgurnus fossilis | The weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) is a species of true loach that has a wide range in Europe and some parts of Asia. It is an omnivorous scavenger bottom feeder, using its sensitive barbels to find edible items. The diet mostly consists of small aquatic invertebrates along with some detritus. The weatherfish is long... | Biology and health sciences | Cypriniformes | Animals |
11371560 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expectation%20value%20%28quantum%20mechanics%29 | Expectation value (quantum mechanics) | In quantum mechanics, the expectation value is the probabilistic expected value of the result (measurement) of an experiment. It can be thought of as an average of all the possible outcomes of a measurement as weighted by their likelihood, and as such it is not the most probable value of a measurement; indeed the expec... | Physical sciences | Quantum mechanics | Physics |
9929778 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomining | Biomining | Biomining refers to any process that uses living organisms to extract metals from ores and other solid materials. Typically these processes involve prokaryotes, however fungi and plants (phytoextraction also known as phytomining) may also be used. Biomining is one of several applications within biohydrometallurgy with ... | Technology | Biotechnology | null |
9930037 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyderabad%20Metro | Hyderabad Metro | The Hyderabad Metro is a rapid transit system, serving the city of Hyderabad, Telangana, India. It is the third longest operational metro network in India after Delhi Metro and Namma Metro (Bengaluru), and the lines are arranged in a secant model. It is funded by a public–private partnership (PPP), with the state gover... | Technology | India | null |
18993816 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid | Solid | Solid is one of the four fundamental states of matter along with liquid, gas, and plasma. The molecules in a solid are closely packed together and contain the least amount of kinetic energy. A solid is characterized by structural rigidity (as in rigid bodies) and resistance to a force applied to the surface. Unlike a l... | Physical sciences | States of matter | null |
18993825 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid | Liquid | A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a nearly constant volume independent of pressure. It is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, gas, and plasma), and is the only state with a definite volume but no fixed shape.
The density ... | Physical sciences | States of matter | null |
18993869 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas | Gas | Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter. The others are solid, liquid, and plasma. A pure gas may be made up of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), elemental molecules made from one type of atom (e.g. oxygen), or compound molecules made from a variety of atoms (e.g. carbon dioxide). A gas mixture... | Physical sciences | States of matter | null |
18994037 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand | Sand | Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided mineral particles. Sand has various compositions but is defined by its grain size. Sand grains are smaller than gravel and coarser than silt. Sand can also refer to a textural class of soil or soil type; i.e., a soil containing more than 85 percent sand-sized parti... | Physical sciences | Petrology | null |
18994087 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound | Sound | In physics, sound is a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave through a transmission medium such as a gas, liquid or solid.
In human physiology and psychology, sound is the reception of such waves and their perception by the brain. Only acoustic waves that have frequencies lying between about 20 Hz and 20 kHz, t... | Physical sciences | Physics | null |
18994196 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer%20virus | Computer virus | A computer virus is a type of malware that, when executed, replicates itself by modifying other computer programs and inserting its own code into those programs. If this replication succeeds, the affected areas are then said to be "infected" with a computer virus, a metaphor derived from biological viruses.
Computer v... | Technology | Computer security | null |
18994221 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospital | Hospital | A hospital is a healthcare institution providing patient treatment with specialized health science and auxiliary healthcare staff and medical equipment. The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which typically has an emergency department to treat urgent health problems ranging from fire and accident vic... | Biology and health sciences | Health, fitness, and medicine | null |
18994268 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeviantArt | DeviantArt | DeviantArt (formerly stylized as deviantART) is an American online community that features artwork, videography, photography, and literature, launched on August 7, 2000, by Angelo Sotira, Scott Jarkoff, and Matthew Stephens, among others.
DeviantArt, Inc. is headquartered in the Hollywood area of Los Angeles, Califor... | Technology | Social network and blogging | null |
16767087 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cure | Cure | A cure is a substance or procedure that ends a medical condition, such as a medication, a surgical operation, a change in lifestyle or even a philosophical mindset that helps end a person's sufferings; or the state of being healed, or cured. The medical condition could be a disease, mental illness, genetic disorder, or... | Biology and health sciences | Treatments | Health |
15054973 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardipithecus%20kadabba | Ardipithecus kadabba | Ardipithecus kadabba is the scientific classification given to fossil remains "known only from teeth and bits and pieces of skeletal bones", originally estimated to be 5.8 to 5.2 million years old, and later revised to 5.77 to 5.54 million years old. According to the first description, these fossils are close to the co... | Biology and health sciences | Australopithecines | Biology |
15054977 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardipithecus%20ramidus | Ardipithecus ramidus | Ardipithecus ramidus is a species of australopithecine from the Afar region of Early Pliocene Ethiopia 4.4 million years ago (mya). A. ramidus, unlike modern hominids, has adaptations for both walking on two legs (bipedality) and life in the trees (arboreality). However, it would not have been as efficient at bipedalit... | Biology and health sciences | Australopithecines | Biology |
7674011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slow%20earthquake | Slow earthquake | A slow earthquake is a discontinuous, earthquake-like event that releases energy over a period of hours to months, rather than the seconds to minutes characteristic of a typical earthquake. First detected using long term strain measurements, most slow earthquakes now appear to be accompanied by fluid flow and related t... | Physical sciences | Seismology | Earth science |
19003265 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptune | Neptune | Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun. It is the fourth-largest planet in the Solar System by diameter, the third-most-massive planet, and the densest giant planet. It is 17 times the mass of Earth. Compared to its fellow ice giant Uranus, Neptune is slightly more massive, but denser and smaller.... | Physical sciences | Astronomy | null |
2374165 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiology | Angiology | Angiology (from Greek , angeīon, "vessel"; and , -logia) is the medical specialty dedicated to studying the circulatory system and of the lymphatic system, i.e., arteries, veins and lymphatic vessels.
In the UK, this field is more often termed angiology, and in the United States the term vascular medicine is more freq... | Biology and health sciences | Fields of medicine | null |
2375338 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon%20tetrafluoride | Carbon tetrafluoride | Tetrafluoromethane, also known as carbon tetrafluoride or R-14, is the simplest perfluorocarbon (CF4). As its IUPAC name indicates, tetrafluoromethane is the perfluorinated counterpart to the hydrocarbon methane. It can also be classified as a haloalkane or halomethane. Tetrafluoromethane is a useful refrigerant but al... | Physical sciences | Halocarbons | Chemistry |
2375391 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic%20manifold | Hydraulic manifold | A hydraulic manifold is a component that regulates fluid flow between pumps and actuators and other components in a hydraulic system. It is like a switchboard in an electrical circuit because it lets the operator control how much fluid flows between which components of a hydraulic machinery. For example, in a backhoe l... | Technology | Hydraulics and pneumatics | null |
2375692 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cargo%20aircraft | Cargo aircraft | A cargo aircraft (also known as freight aircraft, freighter, airlifter or cargo jet) is a fixed-wing aircraft that is designed or converted for the carriage of cargo rather than passengers. Such aircraft generally feature one or more large doors for loading cargo. Passenger amenities are removed or not installed, altho... | Technology | Types of aircraft | null |
2375896 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese%20Pot-bellied | Vietnamese Pot-bellied | Vietnamese Pot-bellied is the exonym for the Lon I () or I pig, an endangered traditional Vietnamese breed of small domestic pig.
The I is uniformly black and has short legs and a low-hanging belly, from which the name derives. It is reared for meat; it is slow-growing, but the pork has good flavour. The I was depicte... | Biology and health sciences | Pigs | Animals |
17953697 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetostratigraphy | Magnetostratigraphy | Magnetostratigraphy is a geophysical correlation technique used to date sedimentary and volcanic sequences. The method works by collecting oriented samples at measured intervals throughout the section. The samples are analyzed to determine their characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM), that is, the polarity of Ear... | Physical sciences | Stratigraphy | Earth science |
396686 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazel | Hazel | Hazels are plants of the genus Corylus of deciduous trees and large shrubs native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The genus is usually placed in the birch family, Betulaceae, though some botanists split the hazels (with the hornbeams and allied genera) into a separate family Corylaceae. The fruit of the hazel is ... | Biology and health sciences | Fagales | Plants |
397842 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maned%20wolf | Maned wolf | The maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) is a large canine of South America. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, and Paraguay, and is almost extinct in Uruguay. Its markings resemble those of foxes, but it is neither a fox nor a wolf. It is the only species in the genus Chrysocyon (meaning "golden dog" in : ... | Biology and health sciences | Canines | Animals |
397986 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nail%20%28anatomy%29 | Nail (anatomy) | A nail is a protective plate characteristically found at the tip of the digits (fingers and toes) of all primates, corresponding to the claws in other tetrapod animals. Fingernails and toenails are made of a tough rigid protein called alpha-keratin, a polymer also found in the claws, hooves, and horns of vertebrates.
... | Biology and health sciences | Integumentary system | null |
398146 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedrus%20libani | Cedrus libani | Cedrus libani, commonly known as cedar of Lebanon, Lebanon cedar, or Lebanese cedar (), is a species of tree in the genus Cedrus, a part of the pine family, native to the mountains of the Eastern Mediterranean basin. It is a large evergreen conifer that has great religious and historical significance in the cultures o... | Biology and health sciences | Pinaceae | Plants |
398279 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka%20Metro | Osaka Metro | The is a major rapid transit system in the Osaka metropolitan area of Japan, operated by the Osaka Metro Company, Ltd. It serves the city of Osaka and the adjacent municipalities of Higashiosaka, Kadoma, Moriguchi, Sakai, Suita, and Yao. Osaka Metro forms an integral part of the extensive mass transit system of Greate... | Technology | Japan | null |
398561 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General%20anaesthesia | General anaesthesia | General anaesthesia (UK) or general anesthesia (US) is medically induced loss of consciousness that renders a patient unarousable even by painful stimuli. It is achieved through medications, which can be injected or inhaled, often with an analgesic and neuromuscular blocking agent.
General anaesthesia is usually perf... | Biology and health sciences | Medical procedures: General | Health |
398638 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogeochemical%20cycle | Biogeochemical cycle | A biogeochemical cycle, or more generally a cycle of matter, is the movement and transformation of chemical elements and compounds between living organisms, the atmosphere, and the Earth's crust. Major biogeochemical cycles include the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle and the water cycle. In each cycle, the chemical el... | Physical sciences | Earth science basics: General | Earth science |
399231 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concussion | Concussion | A concussion, also known as a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), is a head injury that temporarily affects brain functioning. Symptoms may include headache, dizziness, difficulty with thinking and concentration, sleep disturbances, mood changes, a brief period of memory loss, brief loss of consciousness; problems with... | Biology and health sciences | Injury | null |
399328 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassiterite | Cassiterite | Cassiterite is a tin oxide mineral, SnO2. It is generally opaque, but it is translucent in thin crystals. Its luster and multiple crystal faces produce a desirable gem. Cassiterite was the chief tin ore throughout ancient history and remains the most important source of tin today.
Occurrence
Most sources of cassiter... | Physical sciences | Minerals | Earth science |
399678 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%20Gamma-ray%20Space%20Telescope | Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope | The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (FGST, also FGRST), formerly called the Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST), is a space observatory being used to perform gamma-ray astronomy observations from low Earth orbit. Its main instrument is the Large Area Telescope (LAT), with which astronomers mostly intend to per... | Technology | Space-based observatories | null |
399740 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sloth%20bear | Sloth bear | The sloth bear (Melursus ursinus), also known as the Indian bear, is a myrmecophagous bear species native to the Indian subcontinent. It feeds on fruits, ants and termites. It is listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, mainly because of habitat loss and degradation. It is the only species in the genus Melursus.
It ... | Biology and health sciences | Bears | Animals |
12330489 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine%20regression | Marine regression | A marine regression is a geological process occurring when areas of submerged seafloor are exposed during a drop in sea level. The opposite event, marine transgression, occurs when flooding from the sea covers previously-exposed land.
Description
According to one hypothesis, regressions may be linked to a "slowdown i... | Physical sciences | Stratigraphy | Earth science |
12333426 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comprehensive%20metabolic%20panel | Comprehensive metabolic panel | The comprehensive metabolic panel, or chemical screen (CMP; CPT code 80053), is a panel of 14 blood tests that serves as an initial broad medical screening tool. The CMP provides a rough check of kidney function, liver function, diabetic and parathyroid status, and electrolyte and fluid balance, but this type of screen... | Biology and health sciences | Diagnostics | Health |
5865836 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chin | Chin | The chin is the forward pointed part of the anterior mandible (mental region) below the lower lip. A fully developed human skull has a chin of between 0.7 cm and 1.1 cm.
Evolution
The presence of a well-developed chin is considered to be one of the morphological characteristics of Homo sapiens that differentiates the... | Biology and health sciences | Human anatomy | Health |
5866571 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcissus%20poeticus | Narcissus poeticus | Narcissus poeticus, the poet's daffodil, poet's narcissus, nargis, pheasant's eye, findern flower or pinkster lily, was one of the first daffodils to be cultivated, and is frequently identified as the narcissus of ancient times (although Narcissus tazetta and Narcissus jonquilla have also been considered as possibiliti... | Biology and health sciences | Asparagales | Plants |
5869754 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megacerops | Megacerops | Megacerops ("large-horned face", from méga- "large" + kéras "horn" + ōps "face") is an extinct genus of the prehistoric odd-toed ungulate (hoofed mammal) family Brontotheriidae, an extinct group of rhinoceros-like browsers related to horses. It was endemic to North America during the Late Eocene epoch (38–33.9 mya), ex... | Biology and health sciences | Perissodactyla | Animals |
5872429 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterodontosauridae | Heterodontosauridae | Heterodontosauridae is a family of ornithischian dinosaurs that were likely among the most basal (primitive) members of the group. Their phylogenetic placement is uncertain but they are most commonly found to be primitive, outside of the group Genasauria. Although their fossils are relatively rare and their group small... | Biology and health sciences | Ornitischians | Animals |
1702177 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergent%20synthesis | Convergent synthesis | In chemistry a convergent synthesis is a strategy that aims to improve the efficiency of multistep synthesis, most often in organic synthesis. In this type of synthesis several individual pieces of a complex molecule are synthesized in stage one, and then in stage two these pieces are combined to form the final product... | Physical sciences | Synthetic strategies | Chemistry |
1702296 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divergent%20synthesis | Divergent synthesis | In chemistry a divergent synthesis is a strategy with the aim to improve the efficiency of chemical synthesis. It is often an alternative to convergent synthesis or linear synthesis.
In one strategy divergent synthesis aims to generate a library of chemical compounds by first reacting a molecule with a set of reactan... | Physical sciences | Synthetic strategies | Chemistry |
1702398 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubbard%20model | Hubbard model | The Hubbard model is an approximate model used to describe the transition between conducting and insulating systems. It is particularly useful in solid-state physics. The model is named for John Hubbard.
The Hubbard model states that each electron experiences competing forces: one pushes it to tunnel to neighboring at... | Physical sciences | Basics_2 | Physics |
1703365 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straight%20razor | Straight razor | A straight razor is a razor with a blade that can fold into its handle. They are also called open razors and cut-throat razors. The predecessors of the modern straight razors include bronze razors, with cutting edges and fixed handles, produced by craftsmen from Ancient Egypt during the New Kingdom (1569 — 1081 BC). So... | Biology and health sciences | Hygiene products | Health |
1704824 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraction | Fraction | A fraction (from , "broken") represents a part of a whole or, more generally, any number of equal parts. When spoken in everyday English, a fraction describes how many parts of a certain size there are, for example, one-half, eight-fifths, three-quarters. A common, vulgar, or simple fraction (examples: and ) consists ... | Mathematics | Counting and numbers | null |
81036 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dishwasher | Dishwasher | A dishwasher is a machine that is used to clean dishware, cookware, and cutlery automatically. Unlike manual dishwashing, which relies on physical scrubbing to remove soiling, the mechanical dishwasher cleans by spraying hot water, typically between , at the dishes, with lower temperatures of water used for delicate it... | Technology | Household appliances | null |
81244 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritillaria | Fritillaria | Fritillaria (fritillaries) is a genus of spring flowering herbaceous bulbous perennial plants in the lily family (Liliaceae). The type species, Fritillaria meleagris, was first described in Europe in 1571, while other species from the Middle East and Asia were also introduced to Europe at that time. The genus has about... | Biology and health sciences | Liliales | Plants |
81256 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanism | Volcanism | Volcanism, vulcanism, volcanicity, or volcanic activity is the phenomenon where solids, liquids, gases, and their mixtures erupt to the surface of a solid-surface astronomical body such as a planet or a moon. It is caused by the presence of a heat source, usually internally generated, inside the body; the heat is gener... | Physical sciences | Volcanology | Earth science |
81326 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir | Mir | Mir (, ; ) was a space station operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001, first by the Soviet Union and later by the Russian Federation. Mir was the first modular space station and was assembled in orbit from 1986 to 1996. It had a greater mass than any previous spacecraft. At the time it was the largest artificial... | Technology | Crewed spacecraft | null |
81429 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangefinder%20camera | Rangefinder camera | A rangefinder camera is a camera fitted with a rangefinder, typically a split-image rangefinder: a range-finding focusing mechanism allowing the photographer to measure the subject distance and take photographs that are in sharp focus.
Most varieties of rangefinder show two images of the same subject, one of which mov... | Technology | Photography | null |
81560 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeros%20and%20poles | Zeros and poles | In complex analysis (a branch of mathematics), a pole is a certain type of singularity of a complex-valued function of a complex variable. It is the simplest type of non-removable singularity of such a function (see essential singularity). Technically, a point is a pole of a function if it is a zero of the function ... | Mathematics | Complex analysis | null |
81601 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20API | Windows API | The Windows API, informally WinAPI, is the foundational application programming interface (API) that allows a computer program to access the features of the Microsoft Windows operating system in which the program is running. Programs access API functionality via dynamic-link library (DLL) technology.
Each major versio... | Technology | Software development: General | null |
81610 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LIGO | LIGO | The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) is a large-scale physics experiment and observatory designed to detect cosmic gravitational waves and to develop gravitational-wave observations as an astronomical tool. Prior to LIGO, all data about the universe has come come in the form of light and other... | Technology | Ground-based observatories | null |
81625 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione | Glutathione | Glutathione (GSH, ) is an organic compound with the chemical formula . It is an antioxidant in plants, animals, fungi, and some bacteria and archaea. Glutathione is capable of preventing damage to important cellular components caused by sources such as reactive oxygen species, free radicals, peroxides, lipid peroxides,... | Biology and health sciences | Neurotransmitters | Biology |
81628 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiol | Thiol | In organic chemistry, a thiol (; ), or thiol derivative, is any organosulfur compound of the form , where R represents an alkyl or other organic substituent. The functional group itself is referred to as either a thiol group or a sulfhydryl group, or a sulfanyl group. Thiols are the sulfur analogue of alcohols (that i... | Physical sciences | Organic compounds | null |
81634 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acyl%20group | Acyl group | In chemistry, an acyl group is a moiety derived by the removal of one or more hydroxyl groups from an oxoacid, including inorganic acids. It contains a double-bonded oxygen atom and an organyl group () or hydrogen in the case of formyl group (). In organic chemistry, the acyl group (IUPAC name alkanoyl if the organyl g... | Physical sciences | Organic reactions | Chemistry |
81740 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appaloosa | Appaloosa | The Appaloosa is an American horse breed best known for its colorful spotted coat pattern. There is a wide range of body types within the breed, stemming from the influence of multiple breeds of horses throughout its history. Each horse's color pattern is genetically the result of various spotting patterns overlaid on ... | Biology and health sciences | Horses | Animals |
81761 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel%20fuel | Diesel fuel | Diesel fuel, also called diesel oil, heavy oil (historically) or simply diesel, is any liquid fuel specifically designed for use in a diesel engine, a type of internal combustion engine in which fuel ignition takes place without a spark as a result of compression of the inlet air and then injection of fuel. Therefore, ... | Technology | Fuel | null |
81818 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagoon | Lagoon | A lagoon is a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by a narrow landform, such as reefs, barrier islands, barrier peninsulas, or isthmuses. Lagoons are commonly divided into coastal lagoons (or barrier lagoons) and atoll lagoons. They have also been identified as occurring on mixed-sand and gravel... | Physical sciences | Oceanic and coastal landforms | null |
81884 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s%20law%20of%20cooling | Newton's law of cooling | In the study of heat transfer, Newton's law of cooling is a physical law which states that the rate of heat loss of a body is directly proportional to the difference in the temperatures between the body and its environment. The law is frequently qualified to include the condition that the temperature difference is smal... | Physical sciences | Thermodynamics | Physics |
81887 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxima%20Centauri | Proxima Centauri | Proxima Centauri is the nearest star to Earth after the Sun, located 4.25 light-years away in the southern constellation of Centaurus. This object was discovered in 1915 by Robert Innes. It is a small, low-mass star, too faint to be seen with the naked eye, with an apparent magnitude of 11.13. Its Latin name means the ... | Physical sciences | Notable stars | Astronomy |
81931 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinate%20system | Coordinate system | In geometry, a coordinate system is a system that uses one or more numbers, or coordinates, to uniquely determine the position of the points or other geometric elements on a manifold such as Euclidean space. The order of the coordinates is significant, and they are sometimes identified by their position in an ordered t... | Mathematics | Geometry | null |
81945 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Companion%20planting | Companion planting | Companion planting in gardening and agriculture is the planting of different crops in proximity for any of a number of different reasons, including weed suppression, pest control, pollination, providing habitat for beneficial insects, maximizing use of space, and to otherwise increase crop productivity. Companion plant... | Technology | Horticulture | null |
81978 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnik%202 | Sputnik 2 | Sputnik 2 (, , Satellite 2, or Prosteyshiy Sputnik 2 (PS-2, , Simplest Satellite 2, launched on 3 November 1957, was the second spacecraft launched into Earth orbit, and the first to carry an animal into orbit, a Soviet space dog named Laika.
Launched by the Soviet Union via a modified R-7 intercontinental ballistic m... | Technology | Unmanned spacecraft | null |
81993 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna%202 | Luna 2 | Luna 2 (), originally named the Second Soviet Cosmic Rocket and nicknamed Lunik 2 in contemporaneous media, was the sixth of the Soviet Union's Luna programme spacecraft launched to the Moon, E-1 No.7. It was the first spacecraft to reach the surface of the Moon, and the first human-made object to make contact with ano... | Technology | Unmanned spacecraft | null |
81997 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna%203 | Luna 3 | Luna 3, or E-2A No.1 (), was a Soviet spacecraft launched in 1959 as part of the Luna programme. It was the first mission to photograph the far side of the Moon and the third Soviet space probe to be sent to the neighborhood of the Moon. The historic, never-before-seen views of the far side of the Moon caused excitemen... | Technology | Unmanned spacecraft | null |
82156 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-stroke%20engine | Two-stroke engine | A two-stroke (or two-stroke cycle) engine is a type of internal combustion engine that completes a power cycle with two strokes of the piston (one up and one down movement) in one revolution of the crankshaft in contrast to a four-stroke engine which requires four strokes of the piston in two crankshaft revolutions to ... | Technology | Engines | null |
82269 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal%20length | Focal length | The focal length of an optical system is a measure of how strongly the system converges or diverges light; it is the inverse of the system's optical power. A positive focal length indicates that a system converges light, while a negative focal length indicates that the system diverges light. A system with a shorter foc... | Physical sciences | Optics | null |
82285 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical%20proof | Mathematical proof | A mathematical proof is a deductive argument for a mathematical statement, showing that the stated assumptions logically guarantee the conclusion. The argument may use other previously established statements, such as theorems; but every proof can, in principle, be constructed using only certain basic or original assump... | Mathematics | Mathematics: General | null |
82289 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite%20number | Composite number | A composite number is a positive integer that can be formed by multiplying two smaller positive integers. Accordingly it is a positive integer that has at least one divisor other than 1 and itself. Every positive integer is composite, prime, or the unit 1, so the composite numbers are exactly the numbers that are not p... | Mathematics | Sums and products | null |
82330 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric%20generator | Electric generator | In electricity generation, a generator is a device that converts motion-based power (potential and kinetic energy) or fuel-based power (chemical energy) into electric power for use in an external circuit. Sources of mechanical energy include steam turbines, gas turbines, water turbines, internal combustion engines, win... | Technology | Electricity generation and distribution | null |
82342 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph%20node | Lymph node | A lymph node, or lymph gland, is a kidney-shaped organ of the lymphatic system and the adaptive immune system. A large number of lymph nodes are linked throughout the body by the lymphatic vessels. They are major sites of lymphocytes that include B and T cells. Lymph nodes are important for the proper functioning of th... | Biology and health sciences | Circulatory system | Biology |
82354 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20%28unit%29 | Henry (unit) | The henry (symbol: H) is the unit of electrical inductance in the International System of Units (SI). If a current of 1 ampere flowing through a coil produces flux linkage of 1 weber turn, that coil has a self-inductance of 1 henry. The unit is named after Joseph Henry (1797–1878), the American scientist who discovere... | Physical sciences | Electromagnetism | null |
82355 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farad | Farad | The farad (symbol: F) is the unit of electrical capacitance, the ability of a body to store an electrical charge, in the International System of Units (SI), equivalent to 1 coulomb per volt (C/V). It is named after the English physicist Michael Faraday (1791–1867). In SI base units 1 F = 1 kg−1⋅m−2⋅s4⋅A2.
Definition
T... | Physical sciences | Electromagnetism | null |
82359 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least%20squares | Least squares | In regression analysis, least squares is a parameter estimation method based on minimizing the sum of the squares of the residuals (a residual being the difference between an observed value and the fitted value provided by a model) made in the results of each individual equation. (More simply, least squares is a mathe... | Mathematics | Statistics | null |
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