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1706399 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budapest%20Metro | Budapest Metro | The Budapest Metro (, ) is the rapid transit system in the Hungarian capital Budapest. Opened in 1896, it is the world's second oldest electrified underground railway after the City and South London Railway of 1890, now a part of London Underground, and the third oldest underground railway with multiple stations, after... | Technology | Europe_2 | null |
1706838 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip%20fracture | Hip fracture | A hip fracture is a break that occurs in the upper part of the femur (thigh bone), at the femoral neck or (rarely) the femoral head. Symptoms may include pain around the hip, particularly with movement, and shortening of the leg. Usually the person cannot walk.
A hip fracture is usually a femoral neck fracture. Such f... | Biology and health sciences | Types | Health |
1706886 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purkinje%20effect | Purkinje effect | The Purkinje effect or Purkinje phenomenon (; sometimes called the Purkinje shift, often pronounced ) is the tendency for the peak luminance sensitivity of the eye to shift toward the blue end of the color spectrum at low illumination levels as part of dark adaptation. In consequence, reds will appear darker relative t... | Biology and health sciences | Visual system | Biology |
1706901 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-pot%20synthesis | One-pot synthesis | In chemistry a one-pot synthesis is a strategy to improve the efficiency of a chemical reaction in which a reactant is subjected to successive chemical reactions in just one reactor. This is much desired by chemists because avoiding a lengthy separation process and purification of the intermediate chemical compounds ca... | Physical sciences | Synthetic strategies | Chemistry |
1707053 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat%20destruction | Habitat destruction | Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) occurs when a natural habitat is no longer able to support its native species. The organisms once living there have either moved elsewhere, or are dead, leading to a decrease in biodiversity and species numbers. Habitat destruction is in fact the lead... | Biology and health sciences | Ecology | Biology |
1708899 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ichthyornis | Ichthyornis | Ichthyornis (meaning "fish bird", after its fish-like vertebrae) is an extinct genus of toothy seabird-like ornithuran from the late Cretaceous period of North America. Its fossil remains are known from the chalks of Alberta, Alabama, Kansas (Greenhorn Limestone), New Mexico, Saskatchewan, and Texas, in strata that wer... | Biology and health sciences | Prehistoric birds | Animals |
1708917 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hesperornis | Hesperornis | Hesperornis (meaning "western bird") is a genus of cormorant-like Ornithuran that spanned throughout the Campanian age, and possibly even up to the early Maastrichtian age, of the Late Cretaceous period. One of the lesser-known discoveries of the paleontologist O. C. Marsh in the late 19th century Bone Wars, it was an ... | Biology and health sciences | Prehistoric birds | Animals |
1709033 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great%20Seto%20Bridge | Great Seto Bridge | The is a series of double deck bridges connecting Okayama and Kagawa prefectures in Japan across a series of five small islands in the Seto Inland Sea. Built over the period 1978–1988, it is one of the three routes of the Honshū–Shikoku Bridge Project connecting Honshū and Shikoku islands and the only one to carry rai... | Technology | Bridges | null |
1709062 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlamydia%20pneumoniae | Chlamydia pneumoniae | Chlamydia pneumoniae is a species of Chlamydia, an obligate intracellular bacterium that infects humans and is a major cause of pneumonia. It was known as the Taiwan acute respiratory agent (TWAR) from the names of the two original isolates – Taiwan (TW-183) and an acute respiratory isolate designated AR-39. Briefly, i... | Biology and health sciences | Gram-negative bacteria | Plants |
1710722 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrrhocoris%20apterus | Pyrrhocoris apterus | The firebug, Pyrrhocoris apterus, is a common insect of the family Pyrrhocoridae. Easily recognizable due to its striking red and black coloration, it may be confused with the similarly coloured though unrelated Corizus hyoscyami (cinnamon bug or squash bug). Pyrrhocoris apterus is distributed throughout the Palaearcti... | Biology and health sciences | Hemiptera (true bugs) | Animals |
13973166 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagittarius%20B2 | Sagittarius B2 | Sagittarius B2 (Sgr B2) is a giant molecular cloud of gas and dust that is located about from the center of the Milky Way. This complex is the largest molecular cloud in the vicinity of the core and one of the largest in the galaxy, spanning a region about across. The total mass of Sgr B2 is about 3 million times the... | Physical sciences | Notable nebulae | Astronomy |
13980768 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual%20Studio | Visual Studio | Visual Studio is an integrated development environment (IDE) developed by Microsoft. It is used to develop computer programs including websites, web apps, web services and mobile apps. Visual Studio uses Microsoft software development platforms including Windows API, Windows Forms, Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF)... | Technology | Development | null |
3265197 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma%20recombination | Plasma recombination | Plasma recombination is a process by which positive ions of a plasma capture a free (energetic) electron and combine with electrons or negative ions to form new neutral atoms (gas). The process of recombination can be described as the reverse of ionization, whereby conditions allow the plasma to evert to a gas. Recombi... | Physical sciences | Phase transitions | Physics |
3268249 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quicksort | Quicksort | Quicksort is an efficient, general-purpose sorting algorithm. Quicksort was developed by British computer scientist Tony Hoare in 1959 and published in 1961. It is still a commonly used algorithm for sorting. Overall, it is slightly faster than merge sort and heapsort for randomized data, particularly on larger distrib... | Mathematics | Algorithms | null |
3268926 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great%20Oxidation%20Event | Great Oxidation Event | The Great Oxidation Event (GOE) or Great Oxygenation Event, also called the Oxygen Catastrophe, Oxygen Revolution, Oxygen Crisis or Oxygen Holocaust, was a time interval during the Earth's Paleoproterozoic era when the Earth's atmosphere and shallow seas first experienced a rise in the concentration of free oxygen. Thi... | Physical sciences | Geological history | null |
3270043 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric%20power | Electric power | Electric power is the rate of transfer of electrical energy within a circuit. Its SI unit is the watt, the general unit of power, defined as one joule per second. Standard prefixes apply to watts as with other SI units: thousands, millions and billions of watts are called kilowatts, megawatts and gigawatts respectively... | Physical sciences | Electrodynamics | Physics |
400199 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weight%20loss | Weight loss | Weight loss, in the context of medicine, health, or physical fitness, refers to a reduction of the total body mass, by a mean loss of fluid, body fat (adipose tissue), or lean mass (namely bone mineral deposits, muscle, tendon, and other connective tissue). Weight loss can either occur unintentionally because of malnou... | Biology and health sciences | Health and fitness | null |
400339 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenol%20formaldehyde%20resin | Phenol formaldehyde resin | Phenol formaldehyde resins (PF), also called phenolic resins or phenoplasts, are synthetic polymers obtained by the reaction of phenol or substituted phenol with formaldehyde. Used as the basis for Bakelite, PFs were the first commercial synthetic resins. They have been widely used for the production of molded products... | Physical sciences | Polymers | Chemistry |
400342 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20salamander | Asiatic salamander | The Asiatic salamanders (family Hynobiidae) are primitive salamanders found all over Asia, and in European Russia. They are closely related to the giant salamanders (family Cryptobranchidae), with which they form the suborder Cryptobranchoidea. About half of hynobiids currently described are endemic to Japan, but their... | Biology and health sciences | Salamanders and newts | Animals |
400378 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat-eared%20fox | Bat-eared fox | The bat-eared fox (Otocyon megalotis) is a species of fox found on the African savanna. It is the only extant species of the genus Otocyon and an ancient (basal) canid species. Fossil records indicate this canid first appeared during the middle Pleistocene. There are two separate populations of the bat-eared fox, each ... | Biology and health sciences | Canines | Animals |
400414 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB%20flash%20drive | USB flash drive | A flash drive (also thumb drive, memory stick, and pen drive/pendrive) is a data storage device that includes flash memory with an integrated USB interface. A typical USB drive is removable, rewritable, and smaller than an optical disc, and usually weighs less than . Since first offered for sale in late 2000, the stora... | Technology | Non-volatile memory | null |
401005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marmot | Marmot | Marmots are large ground squirrels in the genus Marmota, with 15 species living in Asia, Europe, and North America. These herbivores are active during the summer, when they can often be found in groups, but are not seen during the winter, when they hibernate underground. They are the heaviest members of the squirrel fa... | Biology and health sciences | Rodents | null |
401150 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoreceptor%20cell | Photoreceptor cell | A photoreceptor cell is a specialized type of neuroepithelial cell found in the retina that is capable of visual phototransduction. The great biological importance of photoreceptors is that they convert light (visible electromagnetic radiation) into signals that can stimulate biological processes. To be more specific,... | Biology and health sciences | Visual system | Biology |
401885 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteroseismology | Asteroseismology | Asteroseismology is the study of oscillations in stars. Stars have many resonant modes and frequencies, and the path of sound waves passing through a star depends on the local speed of sound, which in turn depends on local temperature and chemical composition. Because the resulting oscillation modes are sensitive to di... | Physical sciences | Stellar astronomy | Astronomy |
402048 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed%20system | Closed system | A closed system is a natural physical system that does not allow transfer of matter in or out of the system, althoughin the contexts of physics, chemistry, engineering, etc.the transfer of energy (e.g. as work or heat) is allowed.
Physics
In classical mechanics
In nonrelativistic classical mechanics, a closed system ... | Physical sciences | Thermodynamics | Physics |
402188 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium%20bicarbonate | Ammonium bicarbonate | Ammonium bicarbonate is an inorganic compound with formula (NH4)HCO3. The compound has many names, reflecting its long history. Chemically speaking, it is the bicarbonate salt of the ammonium ion. It is a colourless solid that degrades readily to carbon dioxide, water and ammonia.
Production
Ammonium bicarbonate is pr... | Physical sciences | Carbonic oxyanions | Chemistry |
402652 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoarding%20disorder | Hoarding disorder | Hoarding disorder (HD) or Plyushkin's disorder is a mental disorder characterised by persistent difficulty in parting with possessions and engaging in excessive acquisition of items that are not needed or for which no space is available. This results in severely cluttered living spaces, distress, and impairment in pers... | Biology and health sciences | Mental disorders | Health |
402681 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminum%20can | Aluminum can | An aluminum can (British English: aluminium can) is a single-use container for packaging made primarily of an aluminum exterior with an epoxy resin or polymer coated interior.
It is commonly used for food and beverages such as olives and soup but also for products such as oil, chemicals, and other liquids. Global produ... | Technology | Containers | null |
402999 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charolais%20cattle | Charolais cattle | The Charolais () or Charolaise () is a French breed of taurine beef cattle. It originates in, and is named for, the Charolais area surrounding Charolles, in the Saône-et-Loire department, in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of eastern France.
Charolais are raised for meat; they may be crossed with other breeds, incl... | Biology and health sciences | Cattle | Animals |
403165 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum%20flow%20problem | Maximum flow problem | In optimization theory, maximum flow problems involve finding a feasible flow through a flow network that obtains the maximum possible flow rate.
The maximum flow problem can be seen as a special case of more complex network flow problems, such as the circulation problem. The maximum value of an s-t flow (i.e., flow f... | Mathematics | Graph theory | null |
17983947 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelenken | Kelenken | Kelenken is a genus of phorusrhacid ("terror bird"), an extinct group of large, predatory birds, which lived in what is now Argentina in the middle Miocene about 15 million years ago. The only known specimen was discovered by high school student Guillermo Aguirre-Zabala in Comallo, in the region of Patagonia, and was m... | Biology and health sciences | Prehistoric birds | Animals |
1122854 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equilibrium%20constant | Equilibrium constant | The equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction is the value of its reaction quotient at chemical equilibrium, a state approached by a dynamic chemical system after sufficient time has elapsed at which its composition has no measurable tendency towards further change. For a given set of reaction conditions, the equilib... | Physical sciences | Thermodynamics | Chemistry |
1123615 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbig%E2%80%93Haro%20object | Herbig–Haro object | Herbig–Haro (HH) objects are bright patches of nebulosity associated with newborn stars. They are formed when narrow jets of partially ionised gas ejected by stars collide with nearby clouds of gas and dust at several hundred kilometers per second. Herbig–Haro objects are commonly found in star-forming regions, and sev... | Physical sciences | Stellar astronomy | Astronomy |
1123902 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosynthesis | Biosynthesis | Biosynthesis, i.e., chemical synthesis occurring in biological contexts, is a term most often referring to multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed processes where chemical substances absorbed as nutrients (or previously converted through biosynthesis) serve as enzyme substrates, with conversion by the living organism either into ... | Biology and health sciences | Metabolic processes | Biology |
2385158 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass%20frog | Glass frog | The glass frogs belong to the amphibian family Centrolenidae (order Anura), native to the Central American Rainforests. The general background coloration of most glass frogs is primarily lime green, the abdominal skin of some members of this family is transparent and translucent, giving the glass frog its common name. ... | Biology and health sciences | Frogs and toads | Animals |
19021953 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat%27s%20Last%20Theorem | Fermat's Last Theorem | In number theory, Fermat's Last Theorem (sometimes called Fermat's conjecture, especially in older texts) states that no three positive integers , , and satisfy the equation for any integer value of greater than . The cases and have been known since antiquity to have infinitely many solutions.
The proposition was... | Mathematics | Other | null |
19028380 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelagornis | Pelagornis | Pelagornis is an extinct genus of prehistoric pseudotooth birds, a group of extinct seabirds. Species span from the Oligocene to the Early Pleistocene. Members of Pelagornis represent among the largest pseudotooth birds, with one species. P. sandersi, having the widest wingspan of any bird known.
Taxonomy
Four specie... | Biology and health sciences | Prehistoric birds | Animals |
7708603 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiddler%20ray | Fiddler ray | Trygonorrhina, also known as the fiddler rays or banjo rays, is a genus of guitarfish, family Rhinobatidae. The two species are found along the eastern and southern coasts of Australia. They are benthic in nature, favoring shallow, sandy bays, rocky reefs, and seagrass beds. The eastern fiddler is found to a length of ... | Biology and health sciences | Batoidea | Animals |
7708951 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20Terrestrial%20Multimedia%20Broadcast | Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast | DTMB (Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast) is the digital TV standard for mobile and fixed devices, developed in the People's Republic of China. It is used there and in both of their special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau), and also in Cambodia, the Comoros, Cuba, East Timor, Laos, Vietnam, and Pakist... | Technology | Broadcasting | null |
7710104 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tambaqui | Tambaqui | The tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is a large species of freshwater fish in the family Serrasalmidae. It is native to tropical South America, but kept in aquaculture and introduced elsewhere. It is also known by the names black pacu, black-finned pacu, giant pacu, cachama, gamitana, and sometimes as pacu (a name used ... | Biology and health sciences | Characiformes | Animals |
12371603 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common%20midwife%20toad | Common midwife toad | The common midwife toad (Alytes obstetricans) is a species of midwife frog in the family Alytidae (formerly Discoglossidae). It is found in Belgium, France, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom (although, in the latter, only as an introduction). Like other members o... | Biology and health sciences | Frogs and toads | Animals |
12374274 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliquot%20sum | Aliquot sum | In number theory, the aliquot sum of a positive integer is the sum of all proper divisors of , that is, all divisors of other than itself.
That is,
It can be used to characterize the prime numbers, perfect numbers, sociable numbers, deficient numbers, abundant numbers, and untouchable numbers, and to define the al... | Mathematics | Sums and products | null |
23195 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum | Petroleum | Petroleum is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture. It consists mainly of hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations. The term petroleum refers both to naturally occurring unprocessed crude oil, as well as to petroleum products that consist of refined crude oil.
Conventional reserves of petrole... | Technology | Energy | null |
23204 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical%20quantity | Physical quantity | A physical quantity (or simply quantity) is a property of a material or system that can be quantified by measurement. A physical quantity can be expressed as a value, which is the algebraic multiplication of a numerical value and a unit of measurement. For example, the physical quantity mass, symbol m, can be quantifie... | Physical sciences | Physics basics: General | Physics |
23205 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical%20constant | Physical constant | A physical constant, sometimes fundamental physical constant or universal constant, is a physical quantity that cannot be explained by a theory and therefore must be measured experimentally. It is distinct from a mathematical constant, which has a fixed numerical value, but does not directly involve any physical measur... | Physical sciences | Physical constants | Physics |
23206 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsley | Parsley | Parsley, or garden parsley (Petroselinum crispum), is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae that is native to Greece, Morocco and the former Yugoslavia. It has been introduced and naturalized in Europe and elsewhere in the world with suitable climates, and is widely cultivated as an herb and a vegetable.... | Biology and health sciences | Apiales | null |
23209 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peppermint | Peppermint | Peppermint (Mentha × piperita) is a hybrid species of mint, a cross between watermint and spearmint. Indigenous to Europe and the Middle East, the plant is now widely spread and cultivated in many regions of the world. It is occasionally found in the wild with its parent species.
Although the genus Mentha comprises mo... | Biology and health sciences | Herbs and spices | Plants |
23212 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poales | Poales | The Poales are a large order of flowering plants in the monocotyledons, and includes families of plants such as the grasses, bromeliads, rushes and sedges. Sixteen plant families are currently recognized by botanists to be part of Poales.
Description
The flowers are typically small, enclosed by bracts, and arranged ... | Biology and health sciences | Poales | Plants |
23219 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ploidy | Ploidy | Ploidy () is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for autosomal and pseudoautosomal genes. Here sets of chromosomes refers to the number of maternal and paternal chromosome copies, respectively, in each homologous chromosome pair—the form in which chromosomes na... | Biology and health sciences | Genetics | Biology |
23226 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permian | Permian | The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.902 Mya. It is the sixth and last period of the Paleozoic Era; the following Triassic Period belongs to the Mesozoic E... | Physical sciences | Geological periods | null |
23227 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisces%20%28constellation%29 | Pisces (constellation) | Pisces is a constellation of the zodiac. Its vast bulk – and main asterism viewed in most European cultures per Greco-Roman antiquity as a distant pair of fishes connected by one cord each that join at an apex – are in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its old astronomical symbol is (♓︎). Its name is Latin for "fish... | Physical sciences | Zodiac | Astronomy |
23230 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaris | Polaris | Polaris is a star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Ursa Minor. It is designated α Ursae Minoris (Latinized to Alpha Ursae Minoris) and is commonly called the North Star or Pole Star. With an apparent magnitude that fluctuates around 1.98, it is the brightest star in the constellation and is readily visible ... | Physical sciences | Notable stars | null |
23231 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabola | Parabola | In mathematics, a parabola is a plane curve which is mirror-symmetrical and is approximately U-shaped. It fits several superficially different mathematical descriptions, which can all be proved to define exactly the same curves.
One description of a parabola involves a point (the focus) and a line (the directrix). The... | Mathematics | Geometry | null |
23234 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleozoic | Paleozoic | The Paleozoic ( , , ; or Palaeozoic) Era is the first of three geological eras of the Phanerozoic Eon. Beginning 538.8 million years ago (Ma), it succeeds the Neoproterozoic (the last era of the Proterozoic Eon) and ends 251.9 Ma at the start of the Mesozoic Era. The Paleozoic is subdivided into six geologic periods (f... | Physical sciences | Geological periods | null |
23253 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallax | Parallax | Parallax is a displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object viewed along two different lines of sight and is measured by the angle or half-angle of inclination between those two lines. Due to foreshortening, nearby objects show a larger parallax than farther objects, so parallax can be used to determ... | Physical sciences | Astrometry | null |
23254 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paralysis | Paralysis | Paralysis (: paralyses; also known as plegia) is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles. Paralysis can also be accompanied by a loss of feeling (sensory loss) in the affected area if there is sensory damage. In the United States, roughly 1 in 50 people have been diagnosed with some form of permanent or transie... | Biology and health sciences | Disabilities | Health |
23259 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle%20physics | Particle physics | Particle physics or high-energy physics is the study of fundamental particles and forces that constitute matter and radiation. The field also studies combinations of elementary particles up to the scale of protons and neutrons, while the study of combination of protons and neutrons is called nuclear physics.
The funda... | Physical sciences | Physics | null |
23264 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain | Plain | In geography, a plain, commonly known as flatland, is a flat expanse of land that generally does not change much in elevation, and is primarily treeless. Plains occur as lowlands along valleys or at the base of mountains, as coastal plains, and as plateaus or uplands. Plains are one of the major landforms on earth, be... | Physical sciences | Landforms | null |
23269 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physicist | Physicist | A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe. Physicists generally are interested in the root or ultimate causes of phenomena, and usually frame their understanding in mathematical terms... | Physical sciences | Physics basics: General | Physics |
23287 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passport | Passport | A passport is an official travel document issued by a government that certifies a person's identity and nationality for international travel. A passport allows its bearer to enter and temporarily reside in a foreign country, access local aid and protection, and obtain consular assistance from their government. In addit... | Technology | Basics_11 | null |
23291 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pliocene | Pliocene | The Pliocene ( ; also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.33 to 2.58 million years ago (Ma). It is the second and most recent epoch of the Neogene Period in the Cenozoic Era. The Pliocene follows the Miocene Epoch and is followed by the Pleistocene Epoch. Prior to the 2009 revision of... | Physical sciences | Geological timescale | Earth science |
23295 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printing%20press | Printing press | A printing press is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby transferring the ink. It marked a dramatic improvement on earlier printing methods in which the cloth, paper, or other medium was brushed or rubbed repeatedly to achieve the tr... | Technology | Media and communication | null |
23305 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POSIX | POSIX | The Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX; ) is a family of standards specified by the IEEE Computer Society for maintaining compatibility between operating systems. POSIX defines application programming interfaces (APIs), along with command line shells and utility interfaces, for software compatibility (portabili... | Technology | Computer software | null |
23310 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene | Pleistocene | The Pleistocene ( ; referred to colloquially as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch that lasted from to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations. Before a change was finally confirmed in 2009 by the International Union of Geological Sciences, the cutoff of the Pleistocene and ... | Physical sciences | Geological timescale | Earth science |
23311 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteurization | Pasteurization | In food processing, pasteurization (also pasteurisation) is a process of food preservation in which packaged foods (e.g., milk and fruit juices) are treated with mild heat, usually to less than , to eliminate pathogens and extend shelf life. Pasteurization either destroys or deactivates microorganisms and enzymes that ... | Technology | Food, water and health | null |
23312 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillin | Penicillin | Penicillins (P, PCN or PEN) are a group of β-lactam antibiotics originally obtained from Penicillium moulds, principally P. chrysogenum and P. rubens. Most penicillins in clinical use are synthesised by P. chrysogenum using deep tank fermentation and then purified. A number of natural penicillins have been discovered, ... | Biology and health sciences | Drugs and pharmacology | null |
23315 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physician | Physician | A physician, medical practitioner (British English), medical doctor, or simply doctor is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments. P... | Biology and health sciences | General concepts | null |
23316 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pound%20%28mass%29 | Pound (mass) | The pound or pound-mass is a unit of mass used in both the British imperial and United States customary systems of measurement. Various definitions have been used; the most common today is the international avoirdupois pound, which is legally defined as exactly , and which is divided into 16 avoirdupois ounces. The int... | Physical sciences | Mass | null |
23317 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton | Proton | A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol , H+, or 1H+ with a positive electric charge of +1 e (elementary charge). Its mass is slightly less than the mass of a neutron and approximately times the mass of an electron (the proton-to-electron mass ratio). Protons and neutrons, each with a mass of approximately one... | Physical sciences | Physics | null |
23318 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus | Phosphorus | Phosphorus is a chemical element; it has symbol P and atomic number 15. Elemental phosphorus exists in two major forms, white phosphorus and red phosphorus, but because it is highly reactive, phosphorus is never found as a free element on Earth. It has a concentration in the Earth's crust of about 0.1%, less abundant t... | Physical sciences | Chemical elements_2 | null |
23319 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palladium | Palladium | Palladium is a chemical element; it has symbol Pd and atomic number 46. It is a rare and lustrous silvery-white metal discovered in 1802 by the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. He named it after the asteroid Pallas (formally 2 Pallas), which was itself named after the epithet of the Greek goddess Athena, acquire... | Physical sciences | Chemical elements_2 | null |
23321 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promethium | Promethium | Promethium is a chemical element with symbol Pm and atomic number 61. All of its isotopes are radioactive; it is extremely rare, with only about 500–600 grams naturally occurring in the Earth's crust at any given time. Promethium is one of the only two radioactive elements that are both preceded and followed in the per... | Physical sciences | Chemical elements_2 | null |
23322 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protactinium | Protactinium | Protactinium is a chemical element; it has symbol Pa and atomic number 91. It is a dense, radioactive, silvery-gray actinide metal which readily reacts with oxygen, water vapor, and inorganic acids. It forms various chemical compounds, in which protactinium is usually present in the oxidation state +5, but it can also ... | Physical sciences | Chemical elements_2 | null |
23324 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platinum | Platinum | Platinum is a chemical element; it has symbol Pt and atomic number 78. It is a dense, malleable, ductile, highly unreactive, precious, silverish-white transition metal. Its name originates from Spanish , a diminutive of "silver".
Platinum is a member of the platinum group of elements and group 10 of the periodic tabl... | Physical sciences | Chemical elements_2 | null |
23325 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonium | Polonium | Polonium is a chemical element; it has symbol Po and atomic number 84. A rare and highly radioactive metal (although sometimes classified as a metalloid) with no stable isotopes, polonium is a chalcogen and chemically similar to selenium and tellurium, though its metallic character resembles that of its horizontal neig... | Physical sciences | Chemical elements_2 | null |
23329 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythonidae | Pythonidae | The Pythonidae, commonly known as pythons, are a family of nonvenomous snakes found in Africa, Asia, and Australia. Among its members are some of the largest snakes in the world. Ten genera and 39 species are currently recognized. Being naturally non-venomous, pythons must constrict their prey to induce cardiac arrest... | Biology and health sciences | Snakes | Animals |
23335 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsec | Parsec | The parsec (symbol: pc) is a unit of length used to measure the large distances to astronomical objects outside the Solar System, approximately equal to or (AU), i.e. . The parsec unit is obtained by the use of parallax and trigonometry, and is defined as the distance at which 1 AU subtends an angle of one arcsecond ... | Physical sciences | Length and distance | null |
23336 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parchment | Parchment | Parchment is a writing material made from specially prepared untanned skins of animals—primarily sheep, calves, and goats. It has been used as a writing medium for over two millennia. By AD 400, most literature intended for preservation began to be transferred from papyrus to parchment. Vellum is a finer quality parchm... | Technology | Material and chemical | null |
23337 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phobia | Phobia | A phobia is an anxiety disorder, defined by an irrational, unrealistic, persistent and excessive fear of an object or situation. Phobias typically result in a rapid onset of fear and are usually present for more than six months. Those affected go to great lengths to avoid the situation or object, to a degree greater th... | Biology and health sciences | Mental disorder | null |
23470 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyhedron | Polyhedron | In geometry, a polyhedron (: polyhedra or polyhedrons; ) is a three-dimensional figure with flat polygonal faces, straight edges and sharp corners or vertices.
A convex polyhedron is a polyhedron that bounds a convex set. Every convex polyhedron can be constructed as the convex hull of its vertices, and for every fini... | Mathematics | Geometry | null |
23496 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregnancy%20%28mammals%29 | Pregnancy (mammals) | In mammals, pregnancy is the period of reproduction during which a female carries one or more live offspring from implantation in the uterus through gestation. It begins when a fertilized zygote implants in the female's uterus, and ends once it leaves the uterus.
Fertilization and implantation
During copulation, the ... | Biology and health sciences | Animal reproduction | Biology |
23501 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potato | Potato | The potato () is a starchy tuberous vegetable native to the Americas that is consumed as a staple food in many parts of the world. Potatoes are underground tubers of the plant Solanum tuberosum, a perennial in the nightshade family Solanaceae.
Wild potato species can be found from the southern United States to souther... | Biology and health sciences | Food and drink | null |
23535 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon | Photon | A photon () is an elementary particle that is a quantum of the electromagnetic field, including electromagnetic radiation such as light and radio waves, and the force carrier for the electromagnetic force. Photons are massless particles that can move no faster than the speed of light measured in vacuum. The photon belo... | Physical sciences | Physics | null |
23542 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability%20theory | Probability theory | Probability theory or probability calculus is the branch of mathematics concerned with probability. Although there are several different probability interpretations, probability theory treats the concept in a rigorous mathematical manner by expressing it through a set of axioms. Typically these axioms formalise probabi... | Mathematics | Statistics and probability | null |
23543 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability%20distribution | Probability distribution | In probability theory and statistics, a probability distribution is the mathematical function that gives the probabilities of occurrence of possible outcomes for an experiment. It is a mathematical description of a random phenomenon in terms of its sample space and the probabilities of events (subsets of the sample spa... | Mathematics | Statistics and probability | null |
23551 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perciformes | Perciformes | Perciformes (), also called the Acanthopteri, is an order or superorder of ray-finned fish in the clade Percomorpha. Perciformes means "perch-like". Among the well-known members of this group are perches and darters (Percidae), and also sea basses and groupers (Serranidae).
Taxonomy
Formerly, this group was thought t... | Biology and health sciences | Acanthomorpha | null |
23560 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proboscidea | Proboscidea | Proboscidea (; , ) is a taxonomic order of afrotherian mammals containing one living family (Elephantidae) and several extinct families. First described by J. Illiger in 1811, it encompasses the elephants and their close relatives. Three living species of elephant are currently recognised: the African bush elephant, t... | Biology and health sciences | Proboscidea | null |
23561 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paranthropus | Paranthropus | Paranthropus is a genus of extinct hominin which contains two widely accepted species: P. robustus and P. boisei. However, the validity of Paranthropus is contested, and it is sometimes considered to be synonymous with Australopithecus. They are also referred to as the robust australopithecines. They lived between appr... | Biology and health sciences | Evolution | null |
23562 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perissodactyla | Perissodactyla | Perissodactyla (, ), or odd-toed ungulates, is an order of ungulates. The order includes about 17 living species divided into three families: Equidae (horses, asses, and zebras), Rhinocerotidae (rhinoceroses), and Tapiridae (tapirs). They typically have reduced the weight-bearing toes to three or one of the five origin... | Biology and health sciences | Perissodactyla | null |
23572 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partially%20ordered%20set | Partially ordered set | In mathematics, especially order theory, a partial order on a set is an arrangement such that, for certain pairs of elements, one precedes the other. The word partial is used to indicate that not every pair of elements needs to be comparable; that is, there may be pairs for which neither element precedes the other. Par... | Mathematics | Order theory | null |
23576 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetraodontidae | Tetraodontidae | Tetraodontidae is a family of primarily marine and estuarine fish of the order Tetraodontiformes. The family includes many familiar species variously called pufferfish, puffers, balloonfish, blowfish, blowers, blowies, bubblefish, globefish, swellfish, toadfish, toadies, toadle, honey toads, sugar toads, and sea squab... | Biology and health sciences | Acanthomorpha | null |
23577 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial%20function | Partial function | In mathematics, a partial function from a set to a set is a function from a subset of (possibly the whole itself) to . The subset , that is, the domain of viewed as a function, is called the domain of definition or natural domain of . If equals , that is, if is defined on every element in , then is said to be... | Mathematics | Functions: General | null |
23579 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric%20effect | Photoelectric effect | The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons from a material caused by electromagnetic radiation such as ultraviolet light. Electrons emitted in this manner are called photoelectrons. The phenomenon is studied in condensed matter physics, solid state, and quantum chemistry to draw inferences about the properti... | Physical sciences | Basics_9 | null |
23580 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleogene | Paleogene | The Paleogene Period ( ; also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene) is a geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period Ma (million years ago) to the beginning of the Neogene Period Ma. It is the first period of the Cenozoic Era, the tenth period of the Phanerozoic and is divi... | Physical sciences | Geological periods | null |
23582 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preorder | Preorder | In mathematics, especially in order theory, a preorder or quasiorder is a binary relation that is reflexive and transitive. The name is meant to suggest that preorders are almost partial orders, but not quite, as they are not necessarily antisymmetric.
A natural example of a preorder is the divides relation "x divide... | Mathematics | Order theory | null |
23593 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pediatrics | Pediatrics | Pediatrics (American English) also spelled paediatrics (British English), is the branch of medicine that involves the medical care of infants, children, adolescents, and young adults. In the United Kingdom, pediatrics covers many of their youth until the age of 18. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends people ... | Biology and health sciences | Fields of medicine | null |
23597 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiology | Physiology | Physiology (; ) is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a subdiscipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out chemical and physical functions in a living system. According to the classes of organisms, the f... | Biology and health sciences | Biology | null |
23601 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi | Pi | The number (; spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant, approximately equal to 3.14159, that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. It appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics, and some of these formulae are commonly used for defining , to avoid relying on the definition of th... | Mathematics | Counting and numbers | null |
23604 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photography | Photography | Photography is the art, application, and practice of creating images by recording light, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film. It is employed in many fields of science, manufacturing (e.g., photolithography), and business, as w... | Technology | Visual arts | null |
23617 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pump | Pump | A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action, typically converted from electrical energy into hydraulic or pneumatic energy.
Mechanical pumps serve in a wide range of applications such as pumping water from wells, aquarium filtering, pond filtering and aeration, ... | Technology | Hydraulics and pneumatics | null |
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