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15186222 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface%20weather%20observation | Surface weather observation | Surface weather observations are the fundamental data used for safety as well as climatological reasons to forecast weather and issue warnings worldwide. They can be taken manually, by a weather observer, by computer through the use of automated weather stations, or in a hybrid scheme using weather observers to augment... | Physical sciences | Meteorology: General | Earth science |
15190098 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livestock%20guardian%20dog | Livestock guardian dog | A livestock guardian dog (LGD) is a dog type bred for the purpose of protecting livestock from predators.
Livestock guardian dogs stay with the group of animals they protect as a full-time member of the flock or herd. Their ability to guard their herd is mainly instinctive, as the dog is bonded to the herd from an ear... | Biology and health sciences | Dogs | Animals |
16921463 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaching%20%28pedology%29 | Leaching (pedology) | In pedology, leaching is the removal of soluble materials from one zone in soil to another via water movement in the profile. It is a mechanism of soil formation distinct from the soil forming process of eluviation, which is the loss of mineral and organic colloids. Leached and eluviated materials tend to be lost from ... | Physical sciences | Soil science | Earth science |
11500144 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand%20design%20spiral%20galaxy | Grand design spiral galaxy | A grand design spiral galaxy is a type of spiral galaxy with prominent and well-defined spiral arms, as opposed to multi-arm and flocculent spirals which have subtler structural features. The spiral arms of a grand design galaxy extend clearly around the galaxy through many radians and can be observed over a large frac... | Physical sciences | Galaxy classification | Astronomy |
11502909 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribbon%20diagram | Ribbon diagram | Ribbon diagrams, also known as Richardson diagrams, are 3D schematic representations of protein structure and are one of the most common methods of protein depiction used today. The ribbon depicts the general course and organisation of the protein backbone in 3D and serves as a visual framework for hanging details of t... | Physical sciences | Substance | Chemistry |
3320853 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical%20process | Chemical process | In a scientific sense, a chemical process is a method or means of somehow changing one or more chemicals or chemical compounds. Such a chemical process can occur by itself or be caused by an outside force, and involves a chemical reaction of some sort. In an "engineering" sense, a chemical process is a method intended ... | Physical sciences | Chemical engineering | Chemistry |
3322182 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roystonea | Roystonea | Roystonea is a genus of eleven species of monoecious palms, native to the Neotropics, in the Caribbean, the adjacent coasts of Florida in the United States, Mexico, Central America and northern South America. Commonly known as the royal palms, the genus was named after Roy Stone, a U.S. Army engineer. It contains some ... | Biology and health sciences | Arecales (inc. Palms) | Plants |
3323565 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy%20stress%20tensor | Cauchy stress tensor | In continuum mechanics, the Cauchy stress tensor (symbol , named after Augustin-Louis Cauchy), also called true stress tensor or simply stress tensor, completely defines the state of stress at a point inside a material in the deformed state, placement, or configuration. The second order tensor consists of nine componen... | Physical sciences | Solid mechanics | Physics |
19137315 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid%20hydrogen | Solid hydrogen | Solid hydrogen is the solid state of the element hydrogen. At standard pressure, this is achieved by decreasing the temperature below hydrogen's melting point of . It was collected for the first time by James Dewar in 1899 and published with the title "Sur la solidification de l'hydrogène" (English: On the freezing of ... | Physical sciences | s-Block | Chemistry |
10073219 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical%20cyclone%20rainfall%20forecasting | Tropical cyclone rainfall forecasting | Tropical cyclone rainfall forecasting involves using scientific models and other tools to predict the precipitation expected in tropical cyclones such as hurricanes and typhoons. Knowledge of tropical cyclone rainfall climatology is helpful in the determination of a tropical cyclone rainfall forecast. More rainfall f... | Physical sciences | Storms | Earth science |
10079376 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishing%20vessel | Fishing vessel | A fishing vessel is a boat or ship used to catch fish and other valuable nektonic aquatic animals (e.g. shrimps/prawns, krills, coleoids, etc.) in the sea, lake or river. Humans have used different kinds of surface vessels in commercial, artisanal and recreational fishing.
Prior to the 1950s there was little standardi... | Technology | Maritime transport | null |
18117469 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong%20gravitational%20lensing | Strong gravitational lensing | Strong gravitational lensing is a gravitational lensing effect that is strong enough to produce multiple images, arcs, or Einstein rings. Generally, for strong lensing to occur, the projected lens mass density must be greater than the critical density, that is . For point-like background sources, there will be multip... | Physical sciences | Basics_2 | Astronomy |
16932084 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic%20injury | Toxic injury | A toxic injury is a type of injury resulting from exposure to a toxin. Toxic injuries can manifest as teratogenic effects, respiratory effects, gastrointestinal effects, cardiovascular effects, hepatic effects, renal effects, neurological effects, or a combination thereof. They can also produce delayed effects, includi... | Biology and health sciences | Types | Health |
16937772 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culcita%20%28echinoderm%29 | Culcita (echinoderm) | Culcita is a genus of sea stars. They are found in tropical waters. Some are kept in home aquariums.
Description and characteristics
These are very particular stars, plump and pillow-shaped, more or less pentagonal. Their five arms have waned to only obtuse angles (and sometimes rounded off or truncated). They can mea... | Biology and health sciences | Echinoderms | Animals |
14105333 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric%20power%20system | Electric power system | An electric power system is a network of electrical components deployed to supply, transfer, and use electric power. An example of a power system is the electrical grid that provides power to homes and industries within an extended area. The electrical grid can be broadly divided into the generators that supply the po... | Technology | Electricity transmission and distribution | null |
704287 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerostat | Aerostat | An aerostat (, via French) or lighter-than-air aircraft is an aircraft that relies on buoyancy to maintain flight. Aerostats include the unpowered balloons (free-flying or tethered) and the powered airships.
The relative density of an aerostat as a whole is lower than that of the surrounding atmospheric air (hence the... | Technology | Types of aircraft | null |
704359 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contour%20integration | Contour integration | In the mathematical field of complex analysis, contour integration is a method of evaluating certain integrals along paths in the complex plane.
Contour integration is closely related to the calculus of residues, a method of complex analysis.
One use for contour integrals is the evaluation of integrals along the real... | Mathematics | Complex analysis | null |
705635 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air%20mass%20%28astronomy%29 | Air mass (astronomy) | In astronomy, air mass or airmass is a measure of the amount of air along the line of sight when observing a star or other celestial source from below Earth's atmosphere . It is formulated as the integral of air density along the light ray.
As it penetrates the atmosphere, light is attenuated by scattering and absorpt... | Physical sciences | Basics | Astronomy |
706106 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatic%20induction | Electrostatic induction | Electrostatic induction, also known as "electrostatic influence" or simply "influence" in Europe and Latin America, is a redistribution of electric charge in an object that is caused by the influence of nearby charges. In the presence of a charged body, an insulated conductor develops a positive charge on one end and ... | Physical sciences | Electrostatics | Physics |
706247 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic%20band%20structure | Electronic band structure | In solid-state physics, the electronic band structure (or simply band structure) of a solid describes the range of energy levels that electrons may have within it, as well as the ranges of energy that they may not have (called band gaps or forbidden bands).
Band theory derives these bands and band gaps by examining th... | Physical sciences | Basics_2 | Physics |
706311 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonical%20coordinates | Canonical coordinates | In mathematics and classical mechanics, canonical coordinates are sets of coordinates on phase space which can be used to describe a physical system at any given point in time. Canonical coordinates are used in the Hamiltonian formulation of classical mechanics. A closely related concept also appears in quantum mechani... | Physical sciences | Classical mechanics | Physics |
706884 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterspout | Waterspout | A waterspout is a rotating column of air that occurs over a body of water, usually appearing as a funnel-shaped cloud in contact with the water and a cumuliform cloud. There are two types of waterspout, each formed by distinct mechanisms. The most common type is a weak vortex known as a "fair weather" or "non-tornadic"... | Physical sciences | Storms | Earth science |
707790 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithsonite | Smithsonite | Smithsonite, also known as zinc spar, is the mineral form of zinc carbonate (ZnCO3). Historically, smithsonite was identified with hemimorphite before it was realized that they were two different minerals. The two minerals are very similar in appearance and the term calamine has been used for both, leading to some conf... | Physical sciences | Minerals | Earth science |
216434 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tugboat | Tugboat | A tugboat or tug is a marine vessel that manoeuvres other vessels by pushing or pulling them, with direct contact or a tow line. These boats typically tug ships in circumstances where they cannot or should not move under their own power, such as in crowded harbors or narrow canals, or cannot move at all, such as barges... | Technology | Naval transport | null |
216488 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan%20number | Catalan number | The Catalan numbers are a sequence of natural numbers that occur in various counting problems, often involving recursively defined objects. They are named after Eugène Catalan, though they were previously discovered in the 1730s by Minggatu.
The -th Catalan number can be expressed directly in terms of the central bino... | Mathematics | Sequences | null |
216601 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubble%20Deep%20Field | Hubble Deep Field | The Hubble Deep Field (HDF) is an image of a small region in the constellation Ursa Major, constructed from a series of observations by the Hubble Space Telescope. It covers an area about 2.6 arcminutes on a side, about one 24-millionth of the whole sky, which is equivalent in angular size to a tennis ball at a distanc... | Physical sciences | Notable patches of universe | Astronomy |
216650 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrimagnetism | Ferrimagnetism | A ferrimagnetic material is a material that has populations of atoms with opposing magnetic moments, as in antiferromagnetism, but these moments are unequal in magnitude, so a spontaneous magnetization remains. This can for example occur when the populations consist of different atoms or ions (such as Fe2+ and Fe3+).
... | Physical sciences | Magnetostatics | Physics |
216881 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic%20design%20automation | Electronic design automation | Electronic design automation (EDA), also referred to as electronic computer-aided design (ECAD), is a category of software tools for designing electronic systems such as integrated circuits and printed circuit boards. The tools work together in a design flow that chip designers use to design and analyze entire semicond... | Technology | Electronics: General | null |
217119 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shifting%20cultivation | Shifting cultivation | Shifting cultivation is an agricultural system in which plots of land are cultivated temporarily, then abandoned while post-disturbance fallow vegetation is allowed to freely grow while the cultivator moves on to another plot. The period of cultivation is usually terminated when the soil shows signs of exhaustion or, m... | Technology | Agriculture_2 | null |
217296 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow | Shadow | A shadow is a dark area on a surface where light from a light source is blocked by an object. In contrast, shade occupies the three-dimensional volume behind an object with light in front of it. The cross section of a shadow is a two-dimensional silhouette, or a reverse projection of the object blocking the light.
Poi... | Physical sciences | Optics | Physics |
217316 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chough | Chough | There are two species of passerine birds commonly called chough ( ) that constitute the genus Pyrrhocorax of the Corvidae (crow) family of birds. These are the red-billed chough (Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax) and the Alpine chough (or yellow-billed chough) (Pyrrhocorax graculus). The white-winged chough of Australia, despit... | Biology and health sciences | Corvoidea | Animals |
217387 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mite | Mite | Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods). Mites span two large orders of arachnids, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari. However, most recent genetic analyses do not recover the two as each other's closest relative within Arachnida, rendering... | Biology and health sciences | Arachnids | null |
217392 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable | Executable | In computer science, executable code, an executable file, or an executable program, sometimes simply referred to as an executable or binary, causes a computer "to perform indicated tasks according to encoded instructions", as opposed to a data file that must be interpreted (parsed) by an interpreter to be functional.
... | Technology | Software development: General | null |
217472 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eternity | Eternity | Eternity, in common parlance, is an infinite amount of time that never ends or the quality, condition or fact of being everlasting or eternal. Classical philosophy, however, defines eternity as what is timeless or exists outside time, whereas sempiternity corresponds to infinite duration.
Philosophy
Classical philos... | Physical sciences | Time | Basics and measurement |
217542 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seriema | Seriema | The seriemas are the sole living members of the small bird family Cariamidae (the entire family is also referred to as "seriemas"), which is also the only surviving lineage of the order Cariamiformes. Once believed to be related to cranes, they have been placed near the falcons, parrots, and passerines, as well as the ... | Biology and health sciences | Basics | Animals |
217628 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex%20plane | Complex plane | In mathematics, the complex plane is the plane formed by the complex numbers, with a Cartesian coordinate system such that the horizontal -axis, called the real axis, is formed by the real numbers, and the vertical -axis, called the imaginary axis, is formed by the imaginary numbers.
The complex plane allows for a geo... | Mathematics | Complex analysis | null |
217717 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon-burning%20process | Carbon-burning process | The carbon-burning process or carbon fusion is a set of nuclear fusion reactions that take place in the cores of massive stars (at least 4 at birth) that combines carbon into other elements. It requires high temperatures (> 5×108 K or 50 keV) and densities (> 3×109 kg/m3).
These figures for temperature and density ar... | Physical sciences | Stellar astronomy | Astronomy |
217772 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosette%20Nebula | Rosette Nebula | The Rosette Nebula (also known as Caldwell 49) is an H II region located near one end of a giant molecular cloud in the Monoceros region of the Milky Way Galaxy. The open cluster NGC 2244 (Caldwell 50) is closely associated with the nebulosity, the stars of the cluster having been formed from the nebula's matter.
The... | Physical sciences | Notable nebulae | Astronomy |
217773 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septic%20tank | Septic tank | A septic tank is an underground chamber made of concrete, fiberglass, or plastic through which domestic wastewater (sewage) flows for basic sewage treatment. Settling and anaerobic digestion processes reduce solids and organics, but the treatment efficiency is only moderate (referred to as "primary treatment"). Septic ... | Technology | Food, water and health | null |
217794 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2channel | 2channel | , also known as 2ch, Channel 2, and sometimes retrospectively as 2ch.net, was an anonymous Japanese textboard founded in 1999 by Hiroyuki Nishimura. Described in 2007 as "Japan's most popular online community", the site had a level of influence comparable to that of traditional mass media such as television, radio, and... | Technology | Social network and blogging | null |
217810 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier%2013 | Messier 13 | Messier 13, or M13 (also designated NGC 6205 and sometimes called the Great Globular Cluster in Hercules, the Hercules Globular Cluster, or the Great Hercules Cluster), is a globular cluster of several hundred thousand stars in the constellation of Hercules.
Discovery and visibility
Messier 13 was discovered by Edmond... | Physical sciences | Notable star clusters | Astronomy |
217855 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diving%20duck | Diving duck | The diving ducks, commonly called pochards or scaups, are a category of duck which feed by diving beneath the surface of the water. They are part of Anatidae, the diverse and very large family that includes ducks, geese, and swans.
The diving ducks are placed in a distinct tribe in the subfamily Anatinae, the Aythyini... | Biology and health sciences | Anseriformes | Animals |
217858 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribe%20%28biology%29 | Tribe (biology) | In biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank above genus, but below family and subfamily. It is sometimes subdivided into subtribes. By convention, all taxa ranked above species are capitalized, including both tribe and subtribe.
In zoology, the standard ending for the name of a zoological tribe is "-ini". Examples include... | Biology and health sciences | Taxonomic rank | Biology |
217873 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandra%20X-ray%20Observatory | Chandra X-ray Observatory | The Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO), previously known as the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF), is a Flagship-class space telescope launched aboard the during STS-93 by NASA on July 23, 1999. Chandra is sensitive to X-ray sources 100 times fainter than any previous X-ray telescope, enabled by the high angula... | Technology | Space-based observatories | null |
217882 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier%2082 | Messier 82 | Messier 82 (also known as NGC 3034, Cigar Galaxy or M82) is a starburst galaxy approximately 12 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major. It is the second-largest member of the M81 Group, with the D25 isophotal diameter of . It is about five times more luminous than the Milky Way and its central region ... | Physical sciences | Notable galaxies | Astronomy |
217947 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premenstrual%20syndrome | Premenstrual syndrome | Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a disruptive set of emotional and physical symptoms that regularly occur in the one to two weeks before the start of each menstrual period. Symptoms resolve around the time menstrual bleeding begins. Symptoms vary, though commonly include one or more physical, emotional, or behavioral sym... | Biology and health sciences | Human reproduction | Biology |
218247 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced%20Audio%20Coding | Advanced Audio Coding | Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) is an audio coding standard for lossy digital audio compression. It was designed to be the successor of the MP3 format and generally achieves higher sound quality than MP3 at the same bit rate.
AAC has been standardized by ISO and IEC as part of the MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 specifications. Part of... | Technology | File formats | null |
218320 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet%20catastrophe | Ultraviolet catastrophe | The ultraviolet catastrophe, also called the Rayleigh–Jeans catastrophe, was the prediction of late 19th century and early 20th century classical physics that an ideal black body at thermal equilibrium would emit an unbounded quantity of energy as wavelength decreased into the ultraviolet range. The term "ultraviolet c... | Physical sciences | Thermodynamics | Physics |
218361 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern%20pintail | Northern pintail | The pintail or northern pintail (Anas acuta) is a duck species with wide geographic distribution that breeds in the northern areas of Europe and across the Palearctic and North America. It is migratory and winters south of its breeding range to the equator. Unusually for a bird with such a large range, it has no geogra... | Biology and health sciences | Anseriformes | Animals |
218628 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical%20potential | Chemical potential | In thermodynamics, the chemical potential of a species is the energy that can be absorbed or released due to a change of the particle number of the given species, e.g. in a chemical reaction or phase transition. The chemical potential of a species in a mixture is defined as the rate of change of free energy of a thermo... | Physical sciences | Thermodynamics | Physics |
218972 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada%20goose | Canada goose | The Canada goose (Branta canadensis) is a large species of goose with a black head and neck, white cheeks, white under its chin, and a brown body. It is native to the arctic and temperate regions of North America, and it is occasionally found during migration across the Atlantic in northern Europe. It has been introduc... | Biology and health sciences | Anseriformes | Animals |
219023 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swift%20%28bird%29 | Swift (bird) | The Apodidae, or swifts, form a family of highly aerial birds. They are superficially similar to swallows, but are not closely related to any passerine species. Swifts are placed in the order Apodiformes along with hummingbirds. The treeswifts are closely related to the true swifts, but form a separate family, the Hemi... | Biology and health sciences | Apodiformes | null |
219042 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power%20supply | Power supply | A power supply is an electrical device that supplies electric power to an electrical load. The main purpose of a power supply is to convert electric current from a source to the correct voltage, current, and frequency to power the load. As a result, power supplies are sometimes referred to as electric power converters.... | Technology | Components | null |
219112 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seabiscuit | Seabiscuit | Seabiscuit (May 23, 1933 – May 17, 1947) was a champion thoroughbred racehorse in the United States who became the top money-winning racehorse up to the 1940s. He beat the 1937 Triple Crown winner, War Admiral, by four lengths in a two-horse special at Pimlico and was voted American Horse of the Year for 1938.
A small... | Biology and health sciences | Individual animals | Animals |
219144 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressible%20flow | Compressible flow | Compressible flow (or gas dynamics) is the branch of fluid mechanics that deals with flows having significant changes in fluid density. While all flows are compressible, flows are usually treated as being incompressible when the Mach number (the ratio of the speed of the flow to the speed of sound) is smaller than 0.3 ... | Physical sciences | Fluid mechanics | Physics |
219145 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Draper%20Catalogue | Henry Draper Catalogue | The Henry Draper Catalogue (HD) is an astronomical star catalogue published between 1918 and 1924, giving spectroscopic classifications for 225,300 stars; it was later expanded by the Henry Draper Extension (HDE), published between 1925 and 1936, which gave classifications for 46,850 more stars, and by the Henry Draper... | Physical sciences | Surveys and Catalogs | Astronomy |
219151 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highland%20cattle | Highland cattle | The Highland is a Scottish breed of rustic cattle. It originated in the Scottish Highlands and the Western Islands of Scotland and has long horns and a long shaggy coat. It is a hardy breed, able to withstand the intemperate conditions in the region. The first herd-book dates from 1885; two types – a smaller island typ... | Biology and health sciences | Cattle | Animals |
219210 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copy%20protection | Copy protection | Copy protection, also known as content protection, copy prevention and copy restriction, is any measure to enforce copyright by preventing the reproduction of software, films, music, and other media.
Copy protection is most commonly found on videotapes, DVDs, Blu-ray discs, HD-DVDs, computer software discs, video game... | Technology | Computer security | null |
219268 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population%20genetics | Population genetics | Population genetics is a subfield of genetics that deals with genetic differences within and among populations, and is a part of evolutionary biology. Studies in this branch of biology examine such phenomena as adaptation, speciation, and population structure.
Population genetics was a vital ingredient in the emergenc... | Biology and health sciences | Basics_4 | Biology |
219367 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drowning | Drowning | Drowning is a type of suffocation induced by the submersion of the mouth and nose in a liquid. Submersion injury refers to both drowning and near-miss incident. Most instances of fatal drowning occur alone or in situations where others present are either unaware of the victim's situation or unable to offer assistance. ... | Biology and health sciences | Types | Health |
219378 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mockingbird | Mockingbird | Mockingbirds are a group of New World passerine birds from the family Mimidae. They are best known for the habit of some species mimicking the songs of other birds and the sounds of insects and amphibians, often loudly and in rapid succession and for being extremely territorial when raising hatchlings. Studies have sho... | Biology and health sciences | Passerida | null |
1745670 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social%20choice%20theory | Social choice theory | Social choice theory is a branch of welfare economics that extends the theory of rational choice to collective decision-making. Social choice studies the behavior of different mathematical procedures (social welfare functions) used to combine individual preferences into a coherent whole. It contrasts with political sci... | Mathematics | Game theory | null |
1746409 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral%20acid | Mineral acid | A mineral acid (or inorganic acid) is an acid derived from one or more inorganic compounds, as opposed to organic acids which are acidic, organic compounds. All mineral acids form hydrogen ions and the conjugate base when dissolved in water.
Characteristics
Commonly used mineral acids are sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydroc... | Physical sciences | Specific acids | Chemistry |
1748160 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell%20junction | Cell junction | Cell junctions or junctional complexes are a class of cellular structures consisting of multiprotein complexes that provide contact or adhesion between neighboring cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix in animals. They also maintain the paracellular barrier of epithelia and control paracellular transport... | Biology and health sciences | Cell parts | Biology |
1748421 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple%20eye%20in%20invertebrates | Simple eye in invertebrates | A simple eye or ocellus (sometimes called a pigment pit) is a form of eye or an optical arrangement which has a single lens without the sort of elaborate retina that occurs in most vertebrates. These eyes are called "simple" to distinguish them from "compound eyes", which have multiple lenses. They are not necessarily ... | Biology and health sciences | Visual system | Biology |
1748511 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scylla%20serrata | Scylla serrata | Scylla serrata (often called mud crab or mangrove crab, although both terms are highly ambiguous, and black crab) is an ecologically important species of crab found in the estuaries and mangroves of Africa, Australia, and Asia. In their most common forms, their shell colours vary from a deep, mottled green to very dark... | Biology and health sciences | Crabs and hermit crabs | Animals |
1748525 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diapir | Diapir | A diapir (; , ) is a type of intrusion in which a more mobile and ductilely deformable material is forced into brittle overlying rocks. Depending on the tectonic environment, diapirs can range from idealized mushroom-shaped Rayleigh–Taylor instability structures in regions with low tectonic stress such as in the Gulf ... | Physical sciences | Geologic features | Earth science |
1748563 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar%20irradiance | Solar irradiance | Solar irradiance is the power per unit area (surface power density) received from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range of the measuring instrument.
Solar irradiance is measured in watts per square metre (W/m2) in SI units.
Solar irradiance is often integrated over a given time peri... | Physical sciences | Climate change | Earth science |
1749134 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharming%20%28genetics%29 | Pharming (genetics) | Pharming, a portmanteau of farming and pharmaceutical, refers to the use of genetic engineering to insert genes that code for useful pharmaceuticals into host animals or plants that would otherwise not express those genes, thus creating a genetically modified organism (GMO). Pharming is also known as molecular farming,... | Technology | Biotechnology | null |
1750934 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carvone | Carvone | Carvone is a member of a family of chemicals called terpenoids. Carvone is found naturally in many essential oils, but is most abundant in the oils from seeds of caraway (Carum carvi), spearmint (Mentha spicata), and dill.
Uses
Food applications
Both carvones are used in the food and flavor industry. As the compound ... | Physical sciences | Terpenes and terpenoids | Chemistry |
2427716 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Container%20port | Container port | A container port, container terminal, or intermodal terminal is a facility where cargo containers are transshipped between different transport vehicles, for onward transportation. The transshipment may be between container ships and land vehicles, for example trains or trucks, in which case the terminal is described as... | Technology | Coastal infrastructure | null |
2428938 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell%20migration | Cell migration | Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. Tissue formation during embryonic development, wound healing and immune responses all require the orchestrated movement of cells in particular directions to specific locations. Cells often migrate in response to specific ... | Biology and health sciences | Cell processes | Biology |
2430192 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltammetry | Voltammetry | Voltammetry is a category of electroanalytical methods used in analytical chemistry and various industrial processes. In voltammetry, information about an analyte is obtained by measuring the current as the potential is varied. The analytical data for a voltammetric experiment comes in the form of a voltammogram, which... | Physical sciences | Electrical methods | Chemistry |
2431323 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudflow | Mudflow | A mudflow, also known as mudslide or mud flow, is a form of mass wasting involving fast-moving flow of debris and dirt that has become liquified by the addition of water. Such flows can move at speeds ranging from 3 meters/minute to 5 meters/second. Mudflows contain a significant proportion of clay, which makes them mo... | Physical sciences | Geomorphology: General | Earth science |
2432450 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxus%20brevifolia | Taxus brevifolia | Taxus brevifolia, the Pacific yew or western yew, is a species of tree in the yew family Taxaceae native to the Pacific Northwest of North America. It is a small evergreen conifer, thriving in moisture and otherwise tending to take the form of a shrub.
Description
A small evergreen conifer (sometimes appearing as a sh... | Biology and health sciences | Pinophyta (Conifers) | Plants |
4512079 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephalaspis | Cephalaspis | Cephalaspis (from , 'head' and , 'shield') is a possibly monotypic genus of extinct osteostracan agnathan vertebrate. It was a trout-sized detritivorous fish that lived in the early Devonian.
Description
Like its relatives, Cephalaspis was heavily armored, presumably to defend against predatory placoderms and eurypt... | Biology and health sciences | Prehistoric agnathae and early chordates | Animals |
4513980 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteroides%20fragilis | Bacteroides fragilis | Bacteroides fragilis is an anaerobic, Gram-negative, pleomorphic to rod-shaped bacterium. It is part of the normal microbiota of the human colon and is generally commensal, but can cause infection if displaced into the bloodstream or surrounding tissue following surgery, disease, or trauma.
Habitat
Bacteroides fragil... | Biology and health sciences | Gram-negative bacteria | Plants |
14119824 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalaenopsis%20amabilis | Phalaenopsis amabilis | Phalaenopsis amabilis, commonly known as the moon orchid, moth orchid, or mariposa orchid, is a species of flowering plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae. It is widely cultivated as a decorative houseplant. It is an epiphytic or lithophytic herb with long, thick roots, between two and eight thick, fleshy leaves with ... | Biology and health sciences | Asparagales | Plants |
1146946 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syncline | Syncline | In structural geology, a syncline is a fold with younger layers closer to the center of the structure, whereas an anticline is the inverse of a syncline. A synclinorium (plural synclinoriums or synclinoria) is a large syncline with superimposed smaller folds. Synclines are typically a downward fold (synform), termed... | Physical sciences | Structural geology | Earth science |
1147329 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goji | Goji | Goji, goji berry, or wolfberry () is the sweet fruit of either Lycium barbarum or Lycium chinense, two closely related species of boxthorn in the nightshade family, Solanaceae. L. barbarum and L. chinense fruits are similar but can be distinguished by differences in taste and sugar content.
Goji berries, are primarily... | Biology and health sciences | Berries | Plants |
1147422 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wobbegong | Wobbegong | Wobbegong is the common name given to the 12 species of carpet sharks in the family Orectolobidae. They are found in shallow temperate and tropical waters of the western Pacific Ocean and eastern Indian Ocean, chiefly around Australia and Indonesia, although one species (the Japanese wobbegong, Orectolobus japonicus) o... | Biology and health sciences | Sharks | Animals |
1148092 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primordial%20fluctuations | Primordial fluctuations | Primordial fluctuations are density variations in the early universe which are considered the seeds of all structure in the universe. Currently, the most widely accepted explanation for their origin is in the context of cosmic inflation. According to the inflationary paradigm, the exponential growth of the scale factor... | Physical sciences | Physical cosmology | Astronomy |
1149201 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian%20numerals | Egyptian numerals | The system of ancient Egyptian numerals was used in Ancient Egypt from around 3000 BC until the early first millennium AD. It was a system of numeration based on multiples of ten, often rounded off to the higher power, written in hieroglyphs. The Egyptians had no concept of a positional notation such as the decimal sys... | Mathematics | Basics | null |
92290 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical%20equilibrium | Mechanical equilibrium | In classical mechanics, a particle is in mechanical equilibrium if the net force on that particle is zero. By extension, a physical system made up of many parts is in mechanical equilibrium if the net force on each of its individual parts is zero.
In addition to defining mechanical equilibrium in terms of force, there... | Physical sciences | Basics_4 | Physics |
92295 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewing | Sewing | Sewing is the craft of fastening pieces of textiles together using a sewing needle and thread. Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era. Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age people across Europe and Asia sewed fur and leather cl... | Technology | Techniques_2 | null |
92377 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnet | Electromagnet | An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetic field is produced by an electric current. Electromagnets usually consist of wire wound into a coil. A current through the wire creates a magnetic field which is concentrated along the center of the coil. The magnetic field disappears when the current is turned ... | Physical sciences | Basics_9 | null |
92385 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eta%20Carinae | Eta Carinae | η Carinae (Eta Carinae, abbreviated to η Car), formerly known as η Argus, is a stellar system containing at least two stars with a combined luminosity greater than five million times that of the Sun, located around distant in the constellation Carina. Previously a 4th-magnitude star, it brightened in 1837 to become br... | Physical sciences | Notable stars | Astronomy |
92389 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeolite | Zeolite | Zeolite is a family of several microporous, crystalline aluminosilicate materials commonly used as commercial adsorbents and catalysts. They mainly consist of silicon, aluminium, oxygen, and have the general formula ･y where is either a metal ion or H+.
The term was originally coined in 1756 by Swedish mineralogist A... | Physical sciences | Silicate minerals | Earth science |
92394 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus%20pyogenes | Streptococcus pyogenes | Streptococcus pyogenes is a species of Gram-positive, aerotolerant bacteria in the genus Streptococcus. These bacteria are extracellular, and made up of non-motile and non-sporing cocci (round cells) that tend to link in chains. They are clinically important for humans, as they are an infrequent, but usually pathogeni... | Biology and health sciences | Gram-positive bacteria | Plants |
92396 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarlet%20fever | Scarlet fever | Scarlet fever, also known as scarlatina, is an infectious disease caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, a Group A streptococcus (GAS). It most commonly affects children between five and 15 years of age. The signs and symptoms include a sore throat, fever, headache, swollen lymph nodes, and a characteristic rash. The face i... | Biology and health sciences | Infectious disease | null |
92398 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcal%20pharyngitis | Streptococcal pharyngitis | Streptococcal pharyngitis, also known as streptococcal sore throat (strep throat), is pharyngitis (an infection of the pharynx, the back of the throat) caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, a gram-positive, group A streptococcus. Common symptoms include fever, sore throat, red tonsils, and enlarged lymph nodes in the fron... | Biology and health sciences | Bacterial infections | Health |
92399 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impetigo | Impetigo | Impetigo is a contagious bacterial infection that involves the superficial skin. The most common presentation is yellowish crusts on the face, arms, or legs. Less commonly there may be large blisters which affect the groin or armpits. The lesions may be painful or itchy. Fever is uncommon.
It is typically due to eithe... | Biology and health sciences | Bacterial infections | Health |
92410 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigella | Shigella | Shigella is a genus of bacteria that is Gram negative, facultatively anaerobic, non–spore-forming, nonmotile, rod shaped, and is genetically nested within Escherichia. The genus is named after Kiyoshi Shiga, who discovered it in 1897.
Shigella causes disease in primates, but not in other mammals; it is the causative a... | Biology and health sciences | Gram-negative bacteria | Plants |
92447 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superoxide | Superoxide | In chemistry, a superoxide is a compound that contains the superoxide ion, which has the chemical formula . The systematic name of the anion is dioxide(1−). The reactive oxygen ion superoxide is particularly important as the product of the one-electron reduction of dioxygen , which occurs widely in nature. Molecular ox... | Physical sciences | Oxide salts | Chemistry |
92465 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambert%20W%20function | Lambert W function | In mathematics, the Lambert function, also called the omega function or product logarithm, is a multivalued function, namely the branches of the converse relation of the function , where is any complex number and is the exponential function. The function is named after Johann Lambert, who considered a related proble... | Mathematics | Specific functions | null |
92512 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipoprotein | Lipoprotein | A lipoprotein is a biochemical assembly whose primary function is to transport hydrophobic lipid (also known as fat) molecules in water, as in blood plasma or other extracellular fluids. They consist of a triglyceride and cholesterol center, surrounded by a phospholipid outer shell, with the hydrophilic portions orient... | Biology and health sciences | Lipids | Biology |
92514 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detergent | Detergent | A detergent is a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants with cleansing properties when in dilute solutions. There are a large variety of detergents. A common family is the alkylbenzene sulfonates, which are soap-like compounds that are more soluble than soap in hard water, because the polar sulfonate is less likely th... | Technology | Food, water and health | null |
92516 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinkansen | Shinkansen | The , colloquially known in English as the bullet train, is a network of high-speed railway lines in Japan. It was initially built to connect distant Japanese regions with Tokyo, the capital, to aid economic growth and development. Beyond long-distance travel, some sections around the largest metropolitan areas are use... | Technology | Trains | null |
92693 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common%20cold | Common cold | The common cold or the cold is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the respiratory mucosa of the nose, throat, sinuses, and larynx. Signs and symptoms may appear in as little as two days after exposure to the virus. These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezi... | Biology and health sciences | Illness and injury | null |
92943 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital-to-analog%20converter | Digital-to-analog converter | In electronics, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC, D/A, D2A, or D-to-A) is a system that converts a digital signal into an analog signal. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) performs the reverse function.
There are several DAC architectures; the suitability of a DAC for a particular application is determined by figu... | Technology | Signal processing | null |
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