id stringlengths 2 8 | url stringlengths 31 117 | title stringlengths 1 71 | text stringlengths 153 118k | topic stringclasses 4
values | section stringlengths 4 49 ⌀ | sublist stringclasses 9
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
30549 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Neptunian%20object | Trans-Neptunian object | A trans-Neptunian object (TNO), also written transneptunian object, is any minor planet in the Solar System that orbits the Sun at a greater average distance than Neptune, which has an orbital semi-major axis of 30.1 astronomical units (AU).
Typically, TNOs are further divided into the classical and resonant objects o... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
30598 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Train | Train | A train (from Old French , from Latin , "to pull, to draw") is a series of connected vehicles that run along a railway track and transport people or freight. Trains are typically pulled or pushed by locomotives (often known simply as "engines"), though some are self-propelled, such as multiple units or railcars. Passen... | Technology | Transportation | null |
30606 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrahedron | Tetrahedron | In geometry, a tetrahedron (: tetrahedra or tetrahedrons), also known as a triangular pyramid, is a polyhedron composed of four triangular faces, six straight edges, and four vertices. The tetrahedron is the simplest of all the ordinary convex polyhedra.
The tetrahedron is the three-dimensional case of the more gener... | Mathematics | Three-dimensional space | null |
30647 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal%20acceleration | Tidal acceleration | Tidal acceleration is an effect of the tidal forces between an orbiting natural satellite (e.g. the Moon) and the primary planet that it orbits (e.g. Earth). The acceleration causes a gradual recession of a satellite in a prograde orbit (satellite moving to a higher orbit, away from the primary body), and a correspond... | Physical sciences | Celestial mechanics | Astronomy |
30649 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetracycline | Tetracycline | Tetracycline, sold under various brand names, is an antibiotic in the tetracyclines family of medications, used to treat a number of infections, including acne, cholera, brucellosis, plague, malaria, and syphilis. It is available in oral and topical formulations.
Common side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, rash, a... | Biology and health sciences | Antibiotics | Health |
30651 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transposable%20element | Transposable element | A transposable element (TE), also transposon, or jumping gene, is a type of mobile genetic element, a nucleic acid sequence in DNA that can change its position within a genome, sometimes creating or reversing mutations and altering the cell's genetic identity and genome size.
Transposition often results in duplicati... | Biology and health sciences | Molecular biology | Biology |
30653 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis | Tuberculosis | Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the "white death", or historically as consumption, is a contagious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, in which case ... | Biology and health sciences | Illness and injury | null |
30654 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle | Triangle | A triangle is a polygon with three corners and three sides, one of the basic shapes in geometry. The corners, also called vertices, are zero-dimensional points while the sides connecting them, also called edges, are one-dimensional line segments. A triangle has three internal angles, each one bounded by a pair of adjac... | Mathematics | Geometry and topology | null |
30659 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulum | Triangulum | Triangulum is a small constellation in the northern sky. Its name is Latin for "triangle", derived from its three brightest stars, which form a long and narrow triangle. Known to the ancient Babylonians and Greeks, Triangulum was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy. The celestial c... | Physical sciences | Other | Astronomy |
30660 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tucana | Tucana | Tucana (The Toucan) is a constellation in the southern sky, named after the toucan, a South American bird. It is one of twelve constellations conceived in the late sixteenth century by Petrus Plancius from the observations of Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser and Frederick de Houtman. Tucana first appeared on a celestial globe ... | Physical sciences | Other | Astronomy |
30662 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulum%20Australe | Triangulum Australe | Triangulum Australe is a small constellation in the far Southern Celestial Hemisphere. Its name is Latin for "the southern triangle", which distinguishes it from Triangulum in the northern sky and is derived from the acute, almost equilateral pattern of its three brightest stars. It was first depicted on a celestial gl... | Physical sciences | Other | Astronomy |
30664 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescopium | Telescopium | Telescopium is a minor constellation in the southern celestial hemisphere, one of twelve named in the 18th century by French astronomer Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and one of several depicting scientific instruments. Its name is a Latinized form of the Greek word for telescope. Telescopium was later much reduced in size ... | Physical sciences | Other | Astronomy |
30677 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tool | Tool | A tool is an object that can extend an individual's ability to modify features of the surrounding environment or help them accomplish a particular task. Although many animals use simple tools, only human beings, whose use of stone tools dates back hundreds of millennia, have been observed using tools to make other tool... | Technology | Technology | null |
30684 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tundra | Tundra | In physical geography, tundra () is a type of biome where tree growth is hindered by frigid temperatures and short growing seasons. There are three regions and associated types of tundra: Arctic, Alpine, and Antarctic.
Tundra vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges, grasses, mosses, and lichens. Scattered trees... | Physical sciences | Biomes | null |
30698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TNT | TNT | Trinitrotoluene (), more commonly known as TNT (and more specifically 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, and by its preferred IUPAC name 2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene), is a chemical compound with the formula C6H2(NO2)3CH3. TNT is occasionally used as a reagent in chemical synthesis, but it is best known as an explosive material... | Physical sciences | Amides and amines | Chemistry |
30699 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toluene | Toluene | Toluene (), also known as toluol (), is a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula , often abbreviated as , where Ph stands for the phenyl group. It is a colorless, water-insoluble liquid with the odor associated with paint thinners. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, consisting of a methyl ... | Physical sciences | Aromatic hydrocarbons | Chemistry |
30718 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tide | Tide | Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon (and to a much lesser extent, the Sun) and are also caused by the Earth and Moon orbiting one another.
Tide tables can be used for any given locale to find the predicted times and amplitude (or "tid... | Physical sciences | Oceanography | null |
30719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal%20force | Tidal force | The tidal force or tide-generating force is a gravitational effect that stretches a body along the line towards and away from the center of mass of another body due to spatial variations in strength in gravitational field from the other body. It is responsible for the tides and related phenomena, including solid-earth ... | Physical sciences | Classical mechanics | Physics |
30733 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tram | Tram | A tram (also known as a streetcar or trolley in Canada and the United States) is an urban rail transit in which vehicles, whether individual railcars or multiple-unit trains, run on tramway tracks on urban public streets; some include segments on segregated right-of-way. The tramlines or tram networks operated as publi... | Technology | Trains | null |
30747 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRS-80 | TRS-80 | The TRS-80 Micro Computer System (TRS-80, later renamed the Model I to distinguish it from successors) is a desktop microcomputer developed by American company Tandy Corporation and was sold through their Radio Shack stores. Launched in 1977, it is one of the earliest mass-produced and mass-marketed retail home compute... | Technology | Early computers | null |
30786 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuatara | Tuatara | The tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) is a species of reptile endemic to New Zealand. Despite its close resemblance to lizards, it is part of a distinct lineage, the order Rhynchocephalia. The name is derived from the Māori language and means "peaks on the back".
The single extant species of tuatara is the only survivi... | Biology and health sciences | Reptiles | null |
30791 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytetrafluoroethylene | Polytetrafluoroethylene | Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a synthetic fluoropolymer of tetrafluoroethylene, and has numerous applications because it is chemically inert. The commonly known brand name of PTFE-based composition is Teflon by Chemours, a spin-off from DuPont, which originally invented the compound in 1938.
Polytetrafluoroethylen... | Physical sciences | Polymers | Chemistry |
30802 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tragedy%20of%20the%20commons | Tragedy of the commons | The tragedy of the commons is a concept which states that if many people enjoy unfettered access to a finite, valuable resource, such as a pasture, they will tend to overuse it and may end up destroying its value altogether. Even if some users exercised voluntary restraint, the other users would merely replace them, th... | Physical sciences | Earth science basics: General | Earth science |
30806 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree%20%28abstract%20data%20type%29 | Tree (abstract data type) | In computer science, a tree is a widely used abstract data type that represents a hierarchical tree structure with a set of connected nodes. Each node in the tree can be connected to many children (depending on the type of tree), but must be connected to exactly one parent, except for the root node, which has no parent... | Mathematics | Data structures and types | null |
30844 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor%20product | Tensor product | In mathematics, the tensor product of two vector spaces and (over the same field) is a vector space to which is associated a bilinear map that maps a pair to an element of denoted .
An element of the form is called the tensor product of and . An element of is a tensor, and the tensor product of two vectors is... | Mathematics | Linear algebra | null |
30848 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbine | Turbine | A turbine ( or ) (from the Greek , tyrbē, or Latin turbo, meaning vortex) is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. The work produced can be used for generating electrical power when combined with a generator. A turbine is a turbomachine with at least one mov... | Technology | Electricity generation and distribution | null |
30890 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time%20zone | Time zone | A time zone is an area which observes a uniform standard time for legal, commercial and social purposes. Time zones tend to follow the boundaries between countries and their subdivisions instead of strictly following longitude, because it is convenient for areas in frequent communication to keep the same time.
Each ti... | Technology | Timekeeping | null |
30906 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer | Transformer | In electrical engineering, a transformer is a passive component that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another circuit, or multiple circuits. A varying current in any coil of the transformer produces a varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core, which induces a varying electromotive force ... | Technology | Components | null |
30919 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triage | Triage | In medicine, triage (, ) is a process by which care providers such as medical professionals and those with first aid knowledge determine the order of priority for providing treatment to injured individuals and/or inform the rationing of limited supplies so that they go to those who can most benefit from it. Triage is u... | Biology and health sciences | General concepts | Health |
30942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobacco | Tobacco | Tobacco is the common name of several plants in the genus Nicotiana of the family Solanaceae, and the general term for any product prepared from the cured leaves of these plants. More than 70 species of tobacco are known, but the chief commercial crop is N. tabacum. The more potent variant N. rustica is also used in so... | Biology and health sciences | Drugs and pharmacology | null |
30958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-sharing | Time-sharing | In computing, time-sharing is the concurrent sharing of a computing resource among many tasks or users by giving each task or user a small slice of processing time. This quick switch between tasks or users gives the illusion of simultaneous execution. It enables multi-tasking by a single user or enables multiple-user s... | Technology | Operating systems | null |
30972 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter%20trojan | Jupiter trojan | The Jupiter trojans, commonly called trojan asteroids or simply trojans, are a large group of asteroids that share the planet Jupiter's orbit around the Sun. Relative to Jupiter, each trojan librates around one of Jupiter's stable Lagrange points: either , existing 60° ahead of the planet in its orbit, or , 60° behind.... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
30977 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theorem | Theorem | In mathematics and formal logic, a theorem is a statement that has been proven, or can be proven. The proof of a theorem is a logical argument that uses the inference rules of a deductive system to establish that the theorem is a logical consequence of the axioms and previously proved theorems.
In mainstream mathemati... | Mathematics | Basics | null |
30983 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testosterone | Testosterone | Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males. In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testicles and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair. It is as... | Biology and health sciences | Biochemistry and molecular biology | null |
30990 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermocouple | Thermocouple | A thermocouple, also known as a "thermoelectrical thermometer", is an electrical device consisting of two dissimilar electrical conductors forming an electrical junction. A thermocouple produces a temperature-dependent voltage as a result of the Seebeck effect, and this voltage can be interpreted to measure temperature... | Technology | Components | null |
30992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermistor | Thermistor | A thermistor is a semiconductor type of resistor whose resistance is strongly dependent on temperature, more so than in standard resistors. The word thermistor is a portmanteau of thermal and resistor.
Thermistors are categorized based on their conduction models. Negative-temperature-coefficient (NTC) thermistors have... | Technology | Components | null |
30993 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermometer | Thermometer | A thermometer is a device that measures temperature (the hotness or coldness of an object) or temperature gradient (the rates of change of temperature in space). A thermometer has two important elements: (1) a temperature sensor (e.g. the bulb of a mercury-in-glass thermometer or the pyrometric sensor in an infrared th... | Technology | Measuring instruments | null |
31039 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turboprop | Turboprop | A turboprop is a gas turbine engine that drives an aircraft propeller.
A turboprop consists of an intake, reduction gearbox, compressor, combustor, turbine, and a propelling nozzle. Air enters the intake and is compressed by the compressor. Fuel is then added to the compressed air in the combustor, where the fuel-air ... | Technology | Aircraft components | null |
31083 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teaspoon | Teaspoon | A teaspoon (tsp.) is a small spoon that can be used to stir a cup of tea or coffee, or as a tool for measuring volume. The size of teaspoons ranges from about 2.5 to 7.3mL (about 0·088 to 0·257 imperial fluid ounce or 0·085 to 0·247 US fluid ounce). For dosing of medicine and, in places where metric units are used, for... | Physical sciences | Volume | Basics and measurement |
31084 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tablespoon | Tablespoon | A tablespoon (tbsp., Tbsp., Tb., or T.) is a large spoon. In many English-speaking regions, the term now refers to a large spoon used for serving; however, in some regions, it is the largest type of spoon used for eating.
By extension, the term is also used as a cooking measure of volume. In this capacity, it is most ... | Physical sciences | Volume | Basics and measurement |
31091 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanite | Titanite | Titanite, or sphene (), is a calcium titanium nesosilicate mineral, CaTiSiO5. Trace impurities of iron and aluminium are typically present. Also commonly present are rare earth metals including cerium and yttrium; calcium may be partly replaced by thorium.
Nomenclature
The International Mineralogical Association Commi... | Physical sciences | Silicate minerals | Earth science |
31112 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesseract | Tesseract | In geometry, a tesseract or 4-cube is a four-dimensional hypercube, analogous to a two-dimensional square and a three-dimensional cube. Just as the perimeter of the square consists of four edges and the surface of the cube consists of six square faces, the hypersurface of the tesseract consists of eight cubical cells, ... | Mathematics | Four-dimensional space | null |
31128 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theobromine | Theobromine | Theobromine, also known as xantheose, is the principal alkaloid of Theobroma cacao (cacao plant). Theobromine is slightly water-soluble (330 mg/L) with a bitter taste. In industry, theobromine is used as an additive and precursor to some cosmetics. It is found in chocolate, as well as in a number of other foods, includ... | Physical sciences | Alkaloids | Chemistry |
31150 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange%27s%20theorem%20%28group%20theory%29 | Lagrange's theorem (group theory) | In the mathematical field of group theory, Lagrange's theorem states that if H is a subgroup of any finite group , then is a divisor of , i.e. the order (number of elements) of every subgroup H divides the order of group G.
The theorem is named after Joseph-Louis Lagrange. The following variant states that for a sub... | Mathematics | Abstract algebra | null |
2455731 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generation%20%28particle%20physics%29 | Generation (particle physics) | In particle physics, a generation or family is a division of the elementary particles. Between generations, particles differ by their flavour quantum number and mass, but their electric and strong interactions are identical.
There are three generations according to the Standard Model of particle physics. Each generati... | Physical sciences | Particle physics: General | Physics |
2455842 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strawberry | Strawberry | The garden strawberry (or simply strawberry; Fragaria × ananassa) is a widely grown hybrid cultivated worldwide for its fruit. The genus Fragaria, the strawberries, is in the rose family, Rosaceae. The fruit is appreciated for its aroma, bright red colour, juicy texture, and sweetness. It is eaten either fresh or in pr... | Biology and health sciences | Rosales | null |
2458048 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20coat | White coat | A white coat, also known as a laboratory coat or lab coat, is a knee-length overcoat or smock worn by professionals in the medical field or by those involved in laboratory work. The coat protects their street clothes and also serves as a simple uniform. The garment is made from white or light-colored cotton, linen, or ... | Biology and health sciences | General concepts | Health |
2458485 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conserved%20quantity | Conserved quantity | A conserved quantity is a property or value that remains constant over time in a system even when changes occur in the system. In mathematics, a conserved quantity of a dynamical system is formally defined as a function of the dependent variables, the value of which remains constant along each trajectory of the system.... | Mathematics | Dynamical systems | null |
2459259 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greisen | Greisen | Greisen is a highly altered granitic rock or pegmatite, usually composed predominantly of quartz and micas (mostly muscovite). Greisen is formed by self-generated alteration of a granite and is a class of moderate- to high-temperature magmatic-hydrothermal alteration related to the late-stage release of volatiles disso... | Physical sciences | Igneous rocks | Earth science |
2459566 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health%20education | Health education | Health education is a profession of educating people about health. Areas within this profession encompass environmental health, physical health, social health, emotional health, intellectual health, and spiritual health, as well as sexual and reproductive health education. It can also be defined as any combination of l... | Biology and health sciences | Fields of medicine | Health |
2459654 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas%20aeruginosa | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common encapsulated, Gram-negative, aerobic–facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium that can cause disease in plants and animals, including humans. A species of considerable medical importance, P. aeruginosa is a multidrug resistant pathogen recognized for its ubiquity, its intrinsical... | Biology and health sciences | Gram-negative bacteria | Plants |
10173651 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slosh%20dynamics | Slosh dynamics | In fluid dynamics, slosh refers to the movement of liquid inside another object (which is, typically, also undergoing motion).
Strictly speaking, the liquid must have a free surface to constitute a slosh dynamics problem, where the dynamics of the liquid can interact with the container to alter the system dynamics sig... | Physical sciences | Fluid mechanics | Physics |
7888444 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food%20chemistry | Food chemistry | Food chemistry is the study of chemical processes and interactions of all biological and non-biological components of foods. The biological substances include such items as meat, poultry, lettuce, beer, milk as examples. It is similar to biochemistry in its main components such as carbohydrates, lipids, and protein, bu... | Physical sciences | Subdisciplines | Chemistry |
225813 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old%20World%20flycatcher | Old World flycatcher | The Old World flycatchers are a large family, the Muscicapidae, of small passerine birds restricted to the Old World (Europe, Africa and Asia), with the exception of several vagrants and two species, bluethroat (Luscinia svecica) and northern wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe), found also in North America. These are mainly s... | Biology and health sciences | Passerida | null |
225982 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground%20state | Ground state | The ground state of a quantum-mechanical system is its stationary state of lowest energy; the energy of the ground state is known as the zero-point energy of the system. An excited state is any state with energy greater than the ground state. In quantum field theory, the ground state is usually called the vacuum state ... | Physical sciences | Quantum mechanics | Physics |
226090 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutlass | Cutlass | A cutlass is a short, broad sabre or slashing sword with a straight or slightly curved blade sharpened on the cutting edge and a hilt often featuring a solid cupped or basket-shaped guard. It was a common naval weapon during the early Age of Sail.
Etymology
The word "cutlass" developed from the 17th-century English us... | Technology | Swords | null |
226309 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary%20metabolite | Secondary metabolite | Secondary metabolites, also called specialised metabolites, secondary products, or natural products, are organic compounds produced by any lifeform, e.g. bacteria, archaea, fungi, animals, or plants, which are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of the organism. Instead, they genera... | Biology and health sciences | Metabolic processes | Biology |
226344 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern%20shoveler | Northern shoveler | The northern shoveler (; Spatula clypeata), known simply in Britain as the shoveler, is a common and widespread duck. It breeds in northern areas of Europe and across the Palearctic and across most of North America, wintering in southern Europe, the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Central America, the Caribbean, a... | Biology and health sciences | Anseriformes | Animals |
226424 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-vector | Four-vector | In special relativity, a four-vector (or 4-vector, sometimes Lorentz vector) is an object with four components, which transform in a specific way under Lorentz transformations. Specifically, a four-vector is an element of a four-dimensional vector space considered as a representation space of the standard representatio... | Physical sciences | Theory of relativity | Physics |
226425 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lampriformes | Lampriformes | Lampriformes is an order of ray-finned fish. Members are collectively called lamprids (which is more properly used for the Lampridae) or lampriforms, and unite such open-ocean and partially deep-sea Teleostei as the crestfishes, oarfish, opahs, and ribbonfishes. A synonym for this order is Allotriognathi, while an oft... | Biology and health sciences | Acanthomorpha | Animals |
226631 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistic%20regression | Logistic regression | In statistics, the logistic model (or logit model) is a statistical model that models the log-odds of an event as a linear combination of one or more independent variables. In regression analysis, logistic regression (or logit regression) estimates the parameters of a logistic model (the coefficients in the linear or n... | Mathematics | Statistics | null |
226644 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit%20cell | Unit cell | In geometry, biology, mineralogy and solid state physics, a unit cell is a repeating unit formed by the vectors spanning the points of a lattice. Despite its suggestive name, the unit cell (unlike a unit vector, for example) does not necessarily have unit size, or even a particular size at all. Rather, the primitive c... | Physical sciences | Crystallography | Physics |
226680 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi-squared%20test | Chi-squared test | A chi-squared test (also chi-square or test) is a statistical hypothesis test used in the analysis of contingency tables when the sample sizes are large. In simpler terms, this test is primarily used to examine whether two categorical variables (two dimensions of the contingency table) are independent in influencing t... | Mathematics | Statistics and probability | null |
226748 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stillbirth | Stillbirth | Stillbirth is typically defined as fetal death at or after 20 or 28 weeks of pregnancy, depending on the source. It results in a baby born without signs of life. A stillbirth can often result in the feeling of guilt or grief in the mother. The term is in contrast to miscarriage, which is an early pregnancy loss, and su... | Biology and health sciences | Human reproduction | Biology |
226928 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobra | Cobra | Cobra is the common name of various venomous snakes, most of which belong to the genus Naja.
Many cobras are capable of rearing upwards and producing a hood when threatened.
Other snakes known as "cobras"
While the members of the genus Naja constitute the true cobras, the name cobra is also applied to these other gen... | Biology and health sciences | Snakes | Animals |
226985 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vermiculite | Vermiculite | Vermiculite is a hydrous phyllosilicate mineral which undergoes significant expansion when heated. Exfoliation occurs when the mineral is heated sufficiently; commercial furnaces can routinely produce this effect. Vermiculite forms by the weathering or hydrothermal alteration of biotite or phlogopite.
Large commercial ... | Physical sciences | Silicate minerals | Earth science |
227021 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer%20Go | Computer Go | Computer Go is the field of artificial intelligence (AI) dedicated to creating a computer program that plays the traditional board game Go. The field is sharply divided into two eras. Before 2015, the programs of the era were weak. The best efforts of the 1980s and 1990s produced only AIs that could be defeated by b... | Technology | Artificial intelligence concepts | null |
227100 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver%20nitrate | Silver nitrate | Silver nitrate is an inorganic compound with chemical formula . It is a versatile precursor to many other silver compounds, such as those used in photography. It is far less sensitive to light than the halides. It was once called lunar caustic because silver was called luna by ancient alchemists who associated silver w... | Physical sciences | Nitric oxyanions | Chemistry |
227323 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson%27s%20theorem | Wilson's theorem | In algebra and number theory, Wilson's theorem states that a natural number n > 1 is a prime number if and only if the product of all the positive integers less than n is one less than a multiple of n. That is (using the notations of modular arithmetic), the factorial satisfies
exactly when n is a prime number. In o... | Mathematics | Modular arithmetic | null |
227407 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnow | Minnow | Minnow is the common name for a number of species of small freshwater fish, belonging to several genera of the family Cyprinidae and in particular the subfamily Leuciscinae. They are also known in Ireland as pinkeens.
While the common name can refer to a range of taxa, smaller fish in the subfamily Leusciscinae are co... | Biology and health sciences | Cypriniformes | Animals |
227478 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germination | Germination | Germination is the process by which an organism grows from a seed or spore. The term is applied to the sprouting of a seedling from a seed of an angiosperm or gymnosperm, the growth of a sporeling from a spore, such as the spores of fungi, ferns, bacteria, and the growth of the pollen tube from the pollen grain of a se... | Biology and health sciences | Plant reproduction | Biology |
227500 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seedbed | Seedbed | A seedbed or seedling bed is the local soil environment in which seeds are planted. Often, it comprises not only the soil but also a specially prepared cold frame, hotbed or raised bed used to grow the seedlings in a controlled environment into larger young plants before transplanting them into a garden or field. A see... | Technology | Buildings and infrastructure | null |
227533 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornet | Hornet | Hornets (insects in the genus Vespa) are the largest of the eusocial wasps, and are similar in appearance to yellowjackets, their close relatives. Some species can reach up to in length. They are distinguished from other vespine wasps by the relatively large top margin of the head. Worldwide, 22 species of Vespa are ... | Biology and health sciences | Hymenoptera | null |
227675 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular%20cambium | Vascular cambium | The vascular cambium is the main growth tissue in the stems and roots of many plants, specifically in dicots such as buttercups and oak trees, gymnosperms such as pine trees, as well as in certain other vascular plants. It produces secondary xylem inwards, towards the pith, and secondary phloem outwards, towards the ba... | Biology and health sciences | Plant tissues | null |
227682 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meristem | Meristem | In cell biology, the meristem is a type of tissue found in plants. It consists of undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells) capable of cell division. Cells in the meristem can develop into all the other tissues and organs that occur in plants. These cells continue to divide until they become differentiated and lose t... | Biology and health sciences | Plant tissues | null |
227807 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humerus | Humerus | The humerus (; : humeri) is a long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow. It connects the scapula and the two bones of the lower arm, the radius and ulna, and consists of three sections. The humeral upper extremity consists of a rounded head, a narrow neck, and two short processes (tubercles, sometim... | Biology and health sciences | Skeletal system | Biology |
227931 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamarind | Tamarind | Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is a leguminous tree bearing edible fruit that is indigenous to tropical Africa and naturalized in Asia. The genus Tamarindus is monotypic, meaning that it contains only this species. It belongs to the family Fabaceae.
The tamarind tree produces brown, pod-like fruits that contain a sweet,... | Biology and health sciences | Fabales | null |
227960 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMM-Newton | XMM-Newton | XMM-Newton, also known as the High Throughput X-ray Spectroscopy Mission and the X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission, is an X-ray space observatory launched by the European Space Agency in December 1999 on an Ariane 5 rocket. It is the second cornerstone mission of ESA's Horizon 2000 programme. Named after physicist and astrono... | Technology | Space-based observatories | null |
227969 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Very%20Large%20Array | Very Large Array | The Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) is a centimeter-wavelength radio astronomy observatory in the southwestern United States built in the 1970s. It lies in central New Mexico on the Plains of San Agustin, between the towns of Magdalena and Datil, approximately west of Socorro. The VLA comprises twenty-eight 25-m... | Technology | Ground-based observatories | null |
228015 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viterbi%20algorithm | Viterbi algorithm | The Viterbi algorithm is a dynamic programming algorithm for obtaining the maximum a posteriori probability estimate of the most likely sequence of hidden states—called the Viterbi path—that results in a sequence of observed events. This is done especially in the context of Markov information sources and hidden Markov ... | Mathematics | Probability | null |
228058 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breeder%20reactor | Breeder reactor | A breeder reactor is a nuclear reactor that generates more fissile material than it consumes. These reactors can be fueled with more-commonly available isotopes of uranium and thorium, such as uranium-238 and thorium-232, as opposed to the rare uranium-235 which is used in conventional reactors. These materials are cal... | Technology | Power generation | null |
228107 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress%20%28mechanics%29 | Stress (mechanics) | In continuum mechanics, stress is a physical quantity that describes forces present during deformation. For example, an object being pulled apart, such as a stretched elastic band, is subject to tensile stress and may undergo elongation. An object being pushed together, such as a crumpled sponge, is subject to compress... | Physical sciences | Solid mechanics | null |
228108 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young%27s%20modulus | Young's modulus | Young's modulus (or Young modulus) is a mechanical property of solid materials that measures the tensile or compressive stiffness when the force is applied lengthwise. It is the modulus of elasticity for tension or axial compression. Young's modulus is defined as the ratio of the stress (force per unit area) applied to... | Physical sciences | Solid mechanics | Physics |
228190 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanillin | Vanillin | Vanillin is an organic compound with the molecular formula . It is a phenolic aldehyde. Its functional groups include aldehyde, hydroxyl, and ether. It is the primary component of the extract of the vanilla bean. Synthetic vanillin is now used more often than natural vanilla extract as a flavoring in foods, beverag... | Physical sciences | Esters and ethers | Chemistry |
228236 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biceps | Biceps | The biceps or biceps brachii (, "two-headed muscle of the arm") is a large muscle that lies on the front of the upper arm between the shoulder and the elbow. Both heads of the muscle arise on the scapula and join to form a single muscle belly which is attached to the upper forearm. While the long head of the biceps cro... | Biology and health sciences | Human anatomy | Health |
228348 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow%20crazy%20ant | Yellow crazy ant | The yellow crazy ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes), also known as the long-legged ant or Maldive ant, is a species of ant, thought to be native to West Africa or Asia. They have been accidentally introduced to numerous places in the world's tropics.
The yellow crazy ant has colloquially been given the modifier "crazy" on ... | Biology and health sciences | Hymenoptera | Animals |
17027821 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serow | Serow | The serow (, or ), is any of four species of medium-sized goat-like or antelope-like mammals in the genus Capricornis. All four species of serow were, until recently, classified under Naemorhedus, which now only contains the gorals.
Extant species
This genus has been analyzed, studied and reclassified a number of time... | Biology and health sciences | Bovidae | Animals |
17030936 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct%20process | Direct process | The direct process, also called the direct synthesis, Rochow process, and Müller-Rochow process is the most common technology for preparing organosilicon compounds on an industrial scale. It was first reported independently by Eugene G. Rochow and Richard Müller in the 1940s.
The process involves copper-catalyzed reac... | Physical sciences | Synthetic strategies | Chemistry |
423541 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Document%20file%20format | Document file format | A document file format is a text or binary file format for storing documents on a storage media, especially for use by computers.
There currently exist a multitude of incompatible document file formats.
Examples of XML-based open standards are DocBook, XHTML, and, more recently, the ISO/IEC standards OpenDocument (ISO... | Technology | File formats | null |
423669 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whirligig%20beetle | Whirligig beetle | The whirligig beetles are water beetles, comprising the family Gyrinidae that usually swim on the surface of the water if undisturbed, though they swim underwater when threatened. They get their common name from their habit of swimming rapidly in circles when alarmed, and are also notable for their divided eyes which a... | Biology and health sciences | Beetles (Coleoptera) | Animals |
423684 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20beetle | Water beetle | A water beetle is a generalized name for any beetle that is adapted to living in water at any point in its life cycle. Most water beetles can only live in fresh water, with a few marine species that live in the intertidal zone or littoral zone. There are approximately 2000 species of true water beetles native to lands ... | Biology and health sciences | Beetles (Coleoptera) | Animals |
423849 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airport%20terminal | Airport terminal | An airport terminal is a building at an airport where passengers transfer between ground transportation and the facilities that allow them to board and disembark from an aircraft.
The buildings that provide access to the airplanes (via gates) are typically called concourses. However, the terms "terminal" and "concours... | Technology | Concepts of aviation | null |
423933 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cracking%20%28chemistry%29 | Cracking (chemistry) | In petrochemistry, petroleum geology and organic chemistry, cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules such as kerogens or long-chain hydrocarbons are broken down into simpler molecules such as light hydrocarbons, by the breaking of carbon–carbon bonds in the precursors. The rate of cracking and the end ... | Physical sciences | Other reactions | Chemistry |
423943 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhesus%20macaque | Rhesus macaque | The rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), colloquially rhesus monkey, is a species of Old World monkey. There are between six and nine recognised subspecies split between two groups, the Chinese-derived and the Indian-derived. Generally brown or grey in colour, it is in length with a tail and weighs . It is native to Sout... | Biology and health sciences | Primates | null |
424015 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asbestosis | Asbestosis | Asbestosis is long-term inflammation and scarring of the lungs due to asbestos fibers. Symptoms may include shortness of breath, cough, wheezing, and chest tightness. Complications may include lung cancer, mesothelioma, and pulmonary heart disease.
Asbestosis is caused by breathing in asbestos fibers. It requires a re... | Biology and health sciences | Types | Health |
424253 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GarageBand | GarageBand | GarageBand is a software application by Apple for macOS, iPadOS, and iOS devices that allows users to create music or podcasts. It is a lighter, amateur-oriented offshoot of Logic Pro. GarageBand was originally released for macOS in 2004 and brought to iOS in 2011. The app's music and podcast creation system enables us... | Technology | Multimedia_2 | null |
424302 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itch | Itch | An itch (also known as pruritus) is a sensation that causes a strong desire or reflex to scratch. Itches have resisted many attempts to be classified as any one type of sensory experience. Itches have many similarities to pain, and while both are unpleasant sensory experiences, their behavioral response patterns are di... | Biology and health sciences | Symptoms and signs | Health |
424348 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac%20muscle | Cardiac muscle | Cardiac muscle (also called heart muscle or myocardium) is one of three types of vertebrate muscle tissues, the others being skeletal muscle and smooth muscle. It is an involuntary, striated muscle that constitutes the main tissue of the wall of the heart. The cardiac muscle (myocardium) forms a thick middle layer betw... | Biology and health sciences | Muscular system | Biology |
424440 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H-theorem | H-theorem | In classical statistical mechanics, the H-theorem, introduced by Ludwig Boltzmann in 1872, describes the tendency of the quantity H (defined below) to decrease in a nearly-ideal gas of molecules. As this quantity H was meant to represent the entropy of thermodynamics, the H-theorem was an early demonstration of the po... | Physical sciences | Thermodynamics | Physics |
424540 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein%20field%20equations | Einstein field equations | In the general theory of relativity, the Einstein field equations (EFE; also known as Einstein's equations) relate the geometry of spacetime to the distribution of matter within it.
The equations were published by Albert Einstein in 1915 in the form of a tensor equation which related the local (expressed by the Einst... | Physical sciences | Theory of relativity | Physics |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.