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37515 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaped%20charge | Shaped charge | A shaped charge is an explosive charge shaped to focus the effect of the explosive's energy. Different types of shaped charges are used for various purposes such as cutting and forming metal, initiating nuclear weapons, penetrating armor, or perforating wells in the oil and gas industry.
A typical modern shaped charge... | Technology | Explosive weapons | null |
37517 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-tank%20guided%20missile | Anti-tank guided missile | An anti-tank guided missile (ATGM), anti-tank missile, anti-tank guided weapon (ATGW) or anti-armor guided weapon is a guided missile primarily designed to hit and destroy heavily armored military vehicles. ATGMs range in size from shoulder-launched weapons, which can be transported by a single soldier, to larger trip... | Technology | Missiles | null |
37526 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/433%20Eros | 433 Eros | 433 Eros is a stony asteroid of the Amor group, and the first discovered, and second-largest near-Earth object. It has an elongated shape and a volume-equivalent diameter of approximately . Visited by the NEAR Shoemaker space probe in 1998, it became the first asteroid ever studied from its own orbit.
The asteroid was... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
37530 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornado | Tornado | A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the Earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. It is often referred to as a twister, whirlwind or cyclone, although the word cyclone is used in meteorology to name a weather system with a low-... | Physical sciences | Earth science | null |
37556 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asperger%20syndrome | Asperger syndrome | Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's syndrome or Asperger's, is a diagnostic label that has been used to describe a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. A... | Biology and health sciences | Mental disorders | Health |
37575 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airport | Airport | An airport is an aerodrome with extended facilities, mostly for commercial air transport. They usually consist of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface such as a runway for a plane to take off and to land or a helipad, and often includes ad... | Technology | Aviation | null |
37583 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine%20%28software%29 | Wine (software) | Wine is a free and open-source compatibility layer to allow application software and computer games developed for Microsoft Windows to run on Unix-like operating systems. Developers can compile Windows applications against WineLib to help port them to Unix-like systems. Wine is predominantly written using black-box tes... | Technology | System | null |
37595 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weasel | Weasel | Weasels are mammals of the genus Mustela of the family Mustelidae. The genus Mustela includes the least weasels, polecats, stoats, ferrets, and European mink. Members of this genus are small, active predators, with long and slender bodies and short legs. The family Mustelidae, or mustelids (which also includes badgers... | Biology and health sciences | Carnivora | null |
37602 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eagle | Eagle | Eagle is the common name for the golden eagle, bald eagle, and other birds of prey in the family of the Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of genera, some of which are closely related. True eagles comprise the genus Aquila. Most of the 68 species of eagles are from Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, jus... | Biology and health sciences | Accipitriformes and Falconiformes | null |
37618 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finger | Finger | A finger is a prominent digit on the forelimbs of most tetrapod vertebrate animals, especially those with prehensile extremities (i.e. hands) such as humans and other primates. Most tetrapods have five digits (pentadactyly), and short digits (i.e. significantly shorter than the metacarpal/metatarsals) are typically ref... | Biology and health sciences | Human anatomy | null |
37636 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encephalitis | Encephalitis | Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain. The severity can be variable with symptoms including reduction or alteration in consciousness, aphasia, headache, fever, confusion, a stiff neck, and vomiting. Complications may include seizures, hallucinations, trouble speaking, memory problems, and problems with hearing.
Ca... | Biology and health sciences | Infectious disease | null |
37637 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleophile | Nucleophile | In chemistry, a nucleophile is a chemical species that forms bonds by donating an electron pair. All molecules and ions with a free pair of electrons or at least one pi bond can act as nucleophiles. Because nucleophiles donate electrons, they are Lewis bases.
Nucleophilic describes the affinity of a nucleophile to bo... | Physical sciences | Concepts | Chemistry |
37649 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude | Amplitude | The amplitude of a periodic variable is a measure of its change in a single period (such as time or spatial period). The amplitude of a non-periodic signal is its magnitude compared with a reference value. There are various definitions of amplitude (see below), which are all functions of the magnitude of the difference... | Physical sciences | Waves | null |
37654 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owl | Owl | Owls are birds from the order Strigiformes (), which includes over 200 species of mostly solitary and nocturnal birds of prey typified by an upright stance, a large, broad head, binocular vision, binaural hearing, sharp talons, and feathers adapted for silent flight. Exceptions include the diurnal northern hawk-owl and... | Biology and health sciences | Strigiformes | null |
37674 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck | Duck | Duck is the common name for numerous species of waterfowl in the family Anatidae. Ducks are generally smaller and shorter-necked than swans and geese, which are members of the same family. Divided among several subfamilies, they are a form taxon; they do not represent a monophyletic group (the group of all descendants ... | Biology and health sciences | Anseriformes | null |
37694 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed | Seed | In botany, a seed is a plant embryo and nutrient reserve enclosed in a seed coat, a protective outer covering called a testa. More generally, the term "seed" means anything that can be sown, which may include seed and husk or tuber. Seeds are the product of the ripened ovule, after the embryo sac is fertilized by sperm... | Biology and health sciences | Biology | null |
37710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthalpy%20of%20vaporization | Enthalpy of vaporization | In thermodynamics, the enthalpy of vaporization (symbol ), also known as the (latent) heat of vaporization or heat of evaporation, is the amount of energy (enthalpy) that must be added to a liquid substance to transform a quantity of that substance into a gas. The enthalpy of vaporization is a function of the pressure ... | Physical sciences | Thermodynamics | Physics |
37738 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil | Soil | Soil, also commonly referred to as earth, is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support the life of plants and soil organisms. Some scientific definitions distinguish dirt from soil by restricting the former term specifically to displaced soil.
Soil consists of a solid p... | Physical sciences | Earth science | null |
37744 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M1%20Abrams | M1 Abrams | The M1 Abrams () is a third-generation American main battle tank designed by Chrysler Defense (now General Dynamics Land Systems) and named for General Creighton Abrams. Conceived for modern armored ground warfare, it is one of the heaviest tanks in service at nearly . It introduced several modern technologies to the U... | Technology | Specific armor | null |
37746 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing%20AH-64%20Apache | Boeing AH-64 Apache | The Boeing AH-64 Apache ( ) is an American twin-turboshaft attack helicopter with a tailwheel-type landing gear and a tandem cockpit for a crew of two. Nose-mounted sensors help acquire targets and provide night vision. It carries a M230 chain gun under its forward fuselage and four hardpoints on stub-wing pylons for ... | Technology | Specific aircraft | null |
37751 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turtle | Turtle | Turtles are reptiles of the order Testudines, characterized by a special shell developed mainly from their ribs. Modern turtles are divided into two major groups, the Pleurodira (side necked turtles) and Cryptodira (hidden necked turtles), which differ in the way the head retracts. There are 360 living and recently ext... | Biology and health sciences | Reptiles | null |
37754 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain | Mountain | A mountain is an elevated portion of the Earth's crust, generally with steep sides that show significant exposed bedrock. Although definitions vary, a mountain may differ from a plateau in having a limited summit area, and is usually higher than a hill, typically rising at least above the surrounding land. A few mount... | Physical sciences | Terrestrial features | null |
37764 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippopotamus | Hippopotamus | The hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) (; : hippopotamuses; often shortened to hippo (: hippos), further qualified as the common hippopotamus, Nile hippopotamus and river hippopotamus, is a large semiaquatic mammal native to sub-Saharan Africa. It is one of only two extant species in the family Hippopotamidae, the o... | Biology and health sciences | Artiodactyla | null |
37789 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosquito | Mosquito | Mosquitoes, the Culicidae, are a family of small flies consisting of 3,600 species. The word mosquito (formed by mosca and diminutive -ito) is Spanish and Portuguese for little fly. Mosquitoes have a slender segmented body, one pair of wings, three pairs of long hair-like legs, and specialized, highly elongated, pierci... | Biology and health sciences | Flies (Diptera) | null |
37796 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West%20Nile%20fever | West Nile fever | West Nile fever is an infection by the West Nile virus, which is typically spread by mosquitoes. In about 80% of infections people have few or no symptoms. About 20% of people develop a fever, headache, vomiting, or a rash. In less than 1% of people, encephalitis or meningitis occurs, with associated neck stiffness, co... | Biology and health sciences | Infectious disease | null |
37800 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendrochronology | Dendrochronology | Dendrochronology (or tree-ring dating) is the scientific method of dating tree rings (also called growth rings) to the exact year they were formed in a tree. As well as dating them, this can give data for dendroclimatology, the study of climate and atmospheric conditions during different periods in history from the wo... | Physical sciences | Geology: General | Earth science |
37817 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B6bius%20strip | Möbius strip | In mathematics, a Möbius strip, Möbius band, or Möbius loop is a surface that can be formed by attaching the ends of a strip of paper together with a half-twist. As a mathematical object, it was discovered by Johann Benedict Listing and August Ferdinand Möbius in 1858, but it had already appeared in Roman mosaics from ... | Mathematics | Three-dimensional space | null |
37864 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyquist%E2%80%93Shannon%20sampling%20theorem | Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem | The Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem is an essential principle for digital signal processing linking the frequency range of a signal and the sample rate required to avoid a type of distortion called aliasing. The theorem states that the sample rate must be at least twice the bandwidth of the signal to avoid aliasing. I... | Technology | Signal processing | null |
37872 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta%20particle | Beta particle | A beta particle, also called beta ray or beta radiation (symbol β), is a high-energy, high-speed electron or positron emitted by the radioactive decay of an atomic nucleus, known as beta decay. There are two forms of beta decay, β− decay and β+ decay, which produce electrons and positrons, respectively.
Beta particles... | Physical sciences | Nuclear physics | null |
37882 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocodile | Crocodile | Crocodiles (family Crocodylidae) or true crocodiles are large, semiaquatic reptiles that live throughout the tropics in Africa, Asia, the Americas and Australia. The term “crocodile” is sometimes used more loosely to include all extant members of the order Crocodilia, which includes the alligators and caimans (both mem... | Biology and health sciences | Reptiles | null |
37895 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz%20conjecture | Collatz conjecture | The Collatz conjecture is one of the most famous unsolved problems in mathematics. The conjecture asks whether repeating two simple arithmetic operations will eventually transform every positive integer into 1. It concerns sequences of integers in which each term is obtained from the previous term as follows: if a term... | Mathematics | Sums and products | null |
37910 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacecraft | Spacecraft | A spacecraft is a vehicle that is designed to fly and operate in outer space. Spacecraft are used for a variety of purposes, including communications, Earth observation, meteorology, navigation, space colonization, planetary exploration, and transportation of humans and cargo. All spacecraft except single-stage-to-orbi... | Technology | Basics_10 | null |
37913 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape%20velocity | Escape velocity | In celestial mechanics, escape velocity or escape speed is the minimum speed needed for an object to escape from contact with or orbit of a primary body, assuming:
Ballistic trajectory – no other forces are acting on the object, such as propulsion and friction
No other gravity-producing objects exist.
Although the t... | Physical sciences | Orbital mechanics | null |
37941 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikorsky%20UH-60%20Black%20Hawk | Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk | The Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk is a four-blade, twin-engine, medium-lift utility military helicopter manufactured by Sikorsky Aircraft. Sikorsky submitted the S-70 design for the United States Army's Utility Tactical Transport Aircraft System (UTTAS) competition in 1972. The Army designated the prototype as the YUH-60A ... | Technology | Specific aircraft | null |
37947 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violet%20%28color%29 | Violet (color) | Violet is the color of light at the short wavelength end of the visible spectrum. It is one of the seven colors that Isaac Newton labeled when dividing the spectrum of visible light in 1672. Violet light has a wavelength between approximately 380 and 435 nanometers. The color's name is derived from the Viola genus of f... | Physical sciences | Colors | Physics |
37948 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple | Purple | Purple is a color similar in appearance to violet light. In the RYB color model historically used in the arts, purple is a secondary color created by combining red and blue pigments. In the CMYK color model used in modern printing, purple is made by combining magenta pigment with either cyan pigment, black pigment, or ... | Physical sciences | Color terms | null |
37955 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldspar | Feldspar | Feldspar ( ; sometimes spelled felspar) is a group of rock-forming aluminium tectosilicate minerals, also containing other cations such as sodium, calcium, potassium, or barium. The most common members of the feldspar group are the plagioclase (sodium-calcium) feldspars and the alkali (potassium-sodium) feldspars. Feld... | Physical sciences | Mineralogy | null |
37977 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millet | Millet | Millets () are a highly varied group of small-seeded grasses, widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for fodder and human food. Most millets belong to the tribe Paniceae.
Millets are important crops in the semiarid tropics of Asia and Africa, especially in India, Mali, Nigeria, and Niger, with 97% of ... | Biology and health sciences | Poales | null |
37993 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toilet%20paper | Toilet paper | Toilet paper (sometimes called toilet/bath/bathroom tissue, or toilet roll) is a tissue paper product primarily used to clean the anus and surrounding region of feces (after defecation), and to clean the external genitalia and perineal area of urine (after urination).
It is commonly supplied as a long strip of perfora... | Biology and health sciences | Hygiene products | Health |
38001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylalanine | Phenylalanine | Phenylalanine (symbol Phe or F) is an essential α-amino acid with the formula . It can be viewed as a benzyl group substituted for the methyl group of alanine, or a phenyl group in place of a terminal hydrogen of alanine. This essential amino acid is classified as neutral, and nonpolar because of the inert and hydropho... | Biology and health sciences | Amino acids | Biology |
38011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squid | Squid | A squid (: squid) is a mollusc with an elongated soft body, large eyes, eight arms, and two tentacles in the orders Myopsida, Oegopsida, and Bathyteuthida (though many other molluscs within the broader Neocoleoidea are also called squid despite not strictly fitting these criteria). Like all other cephalopods, squid hav... | Biology and health sciences | Mollusks | null |
38074 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney%20stone%20disease | Kidney stone disease | Kidney stone disease, also known as renal calculus disease, nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis, is a crystallopathy where a solid piece of material (renal calculus) develops in the urinary tract. Renal calculi typically form in the kidney and leave the body in the urine stream. A small calculus may pass without causing sy... | Biology and health sciences | Specific diseases | Health |
38128 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy%E2%80%93Schwarz%20inequality | Cauchy–Schwarz inequality | The Cauchy–Schwarz inequality (also called Cauchy–Bunyakovsky–Schwarz inequality) is an upper bound on the inner product between two vectors in an inner product space in terms of the product of the vector norms. It is considered one of the most important and widely used inequalities in mathematics.
Inner products of v... | Mathematics | Other algebra topics | null |
38173 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot%20air%20balloon | Hot air balloon | A hot air balloon is a lighter-than-air aircraft consisting of a bag, called an envelope, which contains heated air. Suspended beneath is a gondola or wicker basket (in some long-distance or high-altitude balloons, a capsule), which carries passengers and a source of heat, in most cases an open flame caused by burning ... | Technology | Aviation | null |
38198 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioneer%2010 | Pioneer 10 | Pioneer 10 (originally designated Pioneer F) is a NASA space probe launched in 1972 that completed the first mission to the planet Jupiter. Pioneer 10 became the first of five planetary probes and 11 artificial objects to achieve the escape velocity needed to leave the Solar System. This space exploration project was c... | Technology | Unmanned spacecraft | null |
38203 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstruation | Menstruation | Menstruation (also known as a period, among other colloquial terms) is the regular discharge of blood and mucosal tissue from the inner lining of the uterus through the vagina. The menstrual cycle is characterized by the rise and fall of hormones. Menstruation is triggered by falling progesterone levels, and is a sign ... | Biology and health sciences | Human reproduction | Biology |
38238 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis | Hepatitis | Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver tissue. Some people or animals with hepatitis have no symptoms, whereas others develop yellow discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice), poor appetite, vomiting, tiredness, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Hepatitis is acute if it resolves within six months, and chr... | Biology and health sciences | Non-infectious disease | null |
38257 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolysis | Electrolysis | In chemistry and manufacturing, electrolysis is a technique that uses direct electric current (DC) to drive an otherwise non-spontaneous chemical reaction. Electrolysis is commercially important as a stage in the separation of elements from naturally occurring sources such as ores using an electrolytic cell. The voltag... | Physical sciences | Chemistry: General | null |
38272 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotine | Nicotine | Nicotine is a naturally produced alkaloid in the nightshade family of plants (most predominantly in tobacco and Duboisia hopwoodii) and is widely used recreationally as a stimulant and anxiolytic. As a pharmaceutical drug, it is used for smoking cessation to relieve withdrawal symptoms. Nicotine acts as a receptor agon... | Biology and health sciences | Biochemistry and molecular biology | null |
38300 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas | Pancreas | The pancreas is an organ of the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates. In humans, it is located in the abdomen behind the stomach and functions as a gland. The pancreas is a mixed or heterocrine gland, i.e., it has both an endocrine and a digestive exocrine function. 99% of the pancreas is exocrine and 1... | Biology and health sciences | Digestive system | null |
38306 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegmatite | Pegmatite | A pegmatite is an igneous rock showing a very coarse texture, with large interlocking crystals usually greater in size than and sometimes greater than . Most pegmatites are composed of quartz, feldspar, and mica, having a similar silicic composition to granite. However, rarer intermediate composition and mafic pegmati... | Physical sciences | Igneous rocks | Earth science |
38310 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis | Cannabis | Cannabis () is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cannabaceae that is widely accepted as being indigenous to and originating from the continent of Asia. However, the number of species is disputed, with as many as three species being recognized: Cannabis sativa, C. indica, and C. ruderalis. Alternatively, C. rude... | Biology and health sciences | Rosales | null |
38323 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cigar | Cigar | A cigar is a rolled bundle of dried and fermented tobacco leaves made to be smoked. Cigars are produced in a variety of sizes and shapes. Since the 20th century, almost all cigars are made of three distinct components: the filler, the binder leaf which holds the filler together, and a wrapper leaf, which is often the h... | Biology and health sciences | Health and fitness: General | Health |
38327 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cigarette | Cigarette | A cigarette is a narrow cylinder containing a combustible material, typically tobacco, that is rolled into thin paper for smoking. The cigarette is ignited at one end, causing it to smolder; the resulting smoke is orally inhaled via the opposite end. Cigarette smoking is the most common method of tobacco consumption. T... | Biology and health sciences | Drugs and pharmacology | null |
38352 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapier | Rapier | A rapier () is a type of sword originally used in Spain (known as -) and Italy (known as spada da lato a striscia). The name designates a sword with a straight, slender and sharply pointed two-edged long blade wielded in one hand. It was widely popular in Western Europe throughout the 16th and 17th centuries as a sym... | Technology | Melee weapons | null |
38390 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia | Dementia | Dementia is a syndrome associated with many neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by a general decline in cognitive abilities that affects a person's ability to perform everyday activities. This typically involves problems with memory, thinking, behavior, and motor control. Aside from memory impairment and a disrup... | Biology and health sciences | Non-infectious disease | null |
38393 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural%20rubber | Natural rubber | Rubber, also called India rubber, latex, Amazonian rubber, caucho, or caoutchouc, as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds.
Types of polyisoprene that are used as natural rubbers are classified as elastomers.
Currently, rubber is h... | Technology | Materials | null |
38413 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activation%20energy | Activation energy | In the Arrhenius model of reaction rates, activation energy is the minimum amount of energy that must be available to reactants for a chemical reaction to occur. The activation energy (Ea) of a reaction is measured in kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol) or kilocalories per mole (kcal/mol). Activation energy can be thought of ... | Physical sciences | Kinetics | Chemistry |
38428 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deer | Deer | A deer (: deer) or true deer is a hoofed ruminant ungulate of the family Cervidae (informally the deer family). Cervidae is divided into subfamilies Cervinae (which includes, among others, muntjac, elk (wapiti), red deer, and fallow deer) and Capreolinae (which includes, among others reindeer (caribou), white-tailed de... | Biology and health sciences | Artiodactyla | null |
38431 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wool | Wool | Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and other mammals, especially goats, rabbits, and camelids. The term may also refer to inorganic materials, such as mineral wool and glass wool, that have some properties similar to animal wool.
As an animal fiber, wool consists of protein together with a small percentage ... | Technology | Fabrics and fibers | null |
38436 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Half-reaction | Half-reaction | In chemistry, a half reaction (or half-cell reaction) is either the oxidation or reduction reaction component of a redox reaction. A half reaction is obtained by considering the change in oxidation states of individual substances involved in the redox reaction.
Often, the concept of half reactions is used to describe w... | Physical sciences | Redox reactions | Chemistry |
38449 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affine%20transformation | Affine transformation | In Euclidean geometry, an affine transformation or affinity (from the Latin, affinis, "connected with") is a geometric transformation that preserves lines and parallelism, but not necessarily Euclidean distances and angles.
More generally, an affine transformation is an automorphism of an affine space (Euclidean space... | Mathematics | Non-Euclidean geometry | null |
38452 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidation%20state | Oxidation state | In chemistry, the oxidation state, or oxidation number, is the hypothetical charge of an atom if all of its bonds to other atoms were fully ionic. It describes the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound. Conceptually, the oxidation state may be positive, negative or zero. Beside nearl... | Physical sciences | Redox reactions | Chemistry |
38454 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational%20constant | Gravitational constant | The gravitational constant is an empirical physical constant involved in the calculation of gravitational effects in Sir Isaac Newton's law of universal gravitation and in Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity. It is also known as the universal gravitational constant, the Newtonian constant of gravitation, or ... | Physical sciences | Physical constants | Physics |
38468 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psilocybin | Psilocybin | Psilocybin, also known as 4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (4-PO-DMT), and formerly sold under the brand name Indocybin, is a naturally occurring psychedelic prodrug compound produced by more than 200 species of fungi. Psilocybin is itself biologically inactive but is quickly converted by the body to psilocin, wh... | Biology and health sciences | Recreational drugs | Health |
38481 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human%20voice | Human voice | The human voice consists of sound made by a human being using the vocal tract, including talking, singing, laughing, crying, screaming, shouting, humming or yelling. The human voice frequency is specifically a part of human sound production in which the vocal folds (vocal cords) are the primary sound source. (Other sou... | Biology and health sciences | Human anatomy | null |
38493 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genus | Genus | Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.
E.g. Panthera leo (lion) and P... | Biology and health sciences | Taxonomic rank | Biology |
38498 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frog | Frog | A frog is any member of a diverse and largely carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order Anura (coming from the Ancient Greek , literally 'without tail'). The oldest fossil "proto-frog" Triadobatrachus is known from the Early Triassic of Madagascar (250million years ago), but molecular c... | Biology and health sciences | Amphibians | null |
38499 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toad | Toad | Toad is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands.
In popular culture (folk taxonomy), toads are associated with drier, rougher skin and more terrestrial habitats. However, this distinction... | Biology and health sciences | Frogs and toads | Animals |
38546 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutmeg | Nutmeg | Nutmeg is the seed, or the ground spice derived from that seed, of several tree species of the genus Myristica; fragrant nutmeg or true nutmeg (M. fragrans) is a dark-leaved evergreen tree cultivated for two spices derived from its fruit: nutmeg, from its seed, and mace, from the seed covering. It is also a commercial ... | Biology and health sciences | Magnoliids | null |
38571 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenine | Adenine | Adenine (, ) (symbol A or Ade) is a purine nucleotide base. It is one of the nucleobases in the nucleic acids, DNA and RNA. The shape of adenine is complementary to either thymine in DNA or uracil in RNA. In cells adenine, as an independent molecule, is rare. It is almost always covalently bound to become a part of a ... | Biology and health sciences | Nucleic acids | Biology |
38579 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity | Gravity | In physics, gravity () is a fundamental interaction primarily observed as mutual attraction between all things that have mass. Gravity is, by far, the weakest of the four fundamental interactions, approximately 1038 times weaker than the strong interaction, 1036 times weaker than the electromagnetic force and 1029 time... | Physical sciences | Physics | null |
8057418 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20potential | Quantum potential | The quantum potential or quantum potentiality is a central concept of the de Broglie–Bohm formulation of quantum mechanics, introduced by David Bohm in 1952.
Initially presented under the name quantum-mechanical potential, subsequently quantum potential, it was later elaborated upon by Bohm and Basil Hiley in its inte... | Physical sciences | Quantum mechanics | Physics |
243074 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malic%20acid | Malic acid | Malic acid is an organic compound with the molecular formula . It is a dicarboxylic acid that is made by all living organisms, contributes to the sour taste of fruits, and is used as a food additive. Malic acid has two stereoisomeric forms (L- and D-enantiomers), though only the L-isomer exists naturally. The salts and... | Physical sciences | Specific acids | Chemistry |
243334 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green%27s%20theorem | Green's theorem | In vector calculus, Green's theorem relates a line integral around a simple closed curve to a double integral over the plane region (surface in ) bounded by . It is the two-dimensional special case of Stokes' theorem (surface in ). In one dimension, it is equivalent to the fundamental theorem of calculus. In three di... | Mathematics | Multivariable and vector calculus | null |
243447 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical%20transit | Astronomical transit | In astronomy, a transit (or astronomical transit) is the passage of a celestial body directly between a larger body and the observer. As viewed from a particular vantage point, the transiting body appears to move across the face of the larger body, covering a small portion of it.
The word "transit" refers to cases whe... | Physical sciences | Celestial mechanics | Astronomy |
243515 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community-supported%20agriculture | Community-supported agriculture | Community-supported agriculture (CSA model) or cropsharing is a system that connects producers and consumers within the food system closer by allowing the consumer to subscribe to the harvest of a certain farm or group of farms. It is an alternative socioeconomic model of agriculture and food distribution that allows t... | Technology | Agriculture, labor and economy | null |
243577 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaw | Jaw | The jaws are a pair of opposable articulated structures at the entrance of the mouth, typically used for grasping and manipulating food. The term jaws is also broadly applied to the whole of the structures constituting the vault of the mouth and serving to open and close it and is part of the body plan of humans and mo... | Biology and health sciences | Skeletal system | null |
243613 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20interface%20controller | Network interface controller | A network interface controller (NIC, also known as a network interface card, network adapter, LAN adapter and physical network interface) is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network.
Early network interface controllers were commonly implemented on expansion cards that plugged into a... | Technology | Networks | null |
243709 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic%20function | Cubic function | In mathematics, a cubic function is a function of the form that is, a polynomial function of degree three. In many texts, the coefficients , , , and are supposed to be real numbers, and the function is considered as a real function that maps real numbers to real numbers or as a complex function that maps complex numb... | Mathematics | Specific functions | null |
243718 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flashlight | Flashlight | A flashlight (US English) or electric torch (Commonwealth English), usually shortened to torch, is a portable hand-held electric lamp. Formerly, the light source typically was a miniature incandescent light bulb, but these have been displaced by light-emitting diodes (LEDs) since the early 2000s. A typical flashlight c... | Technology | Lighting | null |
243840 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curlew | Curlew | The curlews () are a group of nine species of birds in the genus Numenius, characterised by their long, slender, downcurved bills and mottled brown plumage. The English name is imitative of the Eurasian curlew's call, but may have been influenced by the Old French corliu, "messenger", from courir , "to run". It was fi... | Biology and health sciences | Charadriiformes | Animals |
243844 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraterrestrial%20intelligence | Extraterrestrial intelligence | Extraterrestrial intelligence (ETI) refers to hypothetical intelligent extraterrestrial life. No such life has ever been verifiably observed to exist. The question of whether other inhabited worlds might exist has been debated since ancient times. The modern form of the concept emerged when the Copernican Revolution de... | Physical sciences | Astronomy basics | Astronomy |
243849 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projective%20geometry | Projective geometry | In mathematics, projective geometry is the study of geometric properties that are invariant with respect to projective transformations. This means that, compared to elementary Euclidean geometry, projective geometry has a different setting (projective space) and a selective set of basic geometric concepts. The basic in... | Mathematics | Non-Euclidean geometry | null |
243890 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affine%20geometry | Affine geometry | In mathematics, affine geometry is what remains of Euclidean geometry when ignoring (mathematicians often say "forgetting") the metric notions of distance and angle.
As the notion of parallel lines is one of the main properties that is independent of any metric, affine geometry is often considered as the study of para... | Mathematics | Non-Euclidean geometry | null |
243916 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head%20louse | Head louse | The head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis) is an obligate ectoparasite of humans. Head lice are wingless insects that spend their entire lives on the human scalp and feed exclusively on human blood. Humans are the only known hosts of this specific parasite, while chimpanzees and bonobos host a closely related species, ... | Biology and health sciences | Insects: General | Animals |
243950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godwit | Godwit | Godwits are a group of four large, long-billed, long-legged and strongly migratory waders of the bird genus Limosa. Their long bills allow them to probe deeply in the sand for aquatic worms and molluscs. In their winter range, they flock together where food is plentiful. They frequent tidal shorelines, breeding in nor... | Biology and health sciences | Charadriiformes | Animals |
244091 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dowitcher | Dowitcher | The three dowitchers are medium-sized long-billed wading birds in the genus Limnodromus. The English name "dowitcher" is from Iroquois, recorded in English by the 1830s.
They resemble godwits in body and bill shape, and the reddish underparts in summer, but are much shorter legged, more like snipes, to which they a... | Biology and health sciences | Charadriiformes | Animals |
244103 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendinopathy | Tendinopathy | Tendinopathy is a type of tendon disorder that results in pain, swelling, and impaired function. The pain is typically worse with movement. It most commonly occurs around the shoulder (rotator cuff tendinitis, biceps tendinitis), elbow (tennis elbow, golfer's elbow), wrist, hip, knee (jumper's knee, popliteus tendinopa... | Biology and health sciences | Types | Health |
244113 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme%20disease | Lyme disease | Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is a tick-borne disease caused by species of Borrelia bacteria, transmitted by blood-feeding ticks in the genus Ixodes. The most common sign of infection is an expanding red rash, known as erythema migrans (EM), which appears at the site of the tick bite about a week afterw... | Biology and health sciences | Infectious disease | null |
244362 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercell | Supercell | A supercell is a thunderstorm characterized by the presence of a mesocyclone, a deep, persistently rotating updraft. Due to this, these storms are sometimes referred to as rotating thunderstorms. Of the four classifications of thunderstorms (supercell, squall line, multi-cell, and single-cell), supercells are the overa... | Physical sciences | Storms | Earth science |
244373 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalar%20multiplication | Scalar multiplication | In mathematics, scalar multiplication is one of the basic operations defining a vector space in linear algebra (or more generally, a module in abstract algebra). In common geometrical contexts, scalar multiplication of a real Euclidean vector by a positive real number multiplies the magnitude of the vector without chan... | Mathematics | Linear algebra | null |
244374 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64 | X86-64 | x86-64 (also known as x64, x86_64, AMD64, and Intel 64) is a 64-bit extension of the x86 instruction set architecture first announced in 1999. It introduces two new operating modes: 64-bit mode and compatibility mode, along with a new four-level paging mechanism.
In 64-bit mode, x86-64 supports significantly large amo... | Technology | Computer architecture concepts | null |
244391 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash%20flood | Flash flood | A flash flood is a rapid flooding of low-lying areas: washes, rivers, dry lakes and depressions. It may be caused by heavy rain associated with a severe thunderstorm, hurricane, or tropical storm, or by meltwater from ice and snow. Flash floods may also occur after the collapse of a natural ice or debris dam, or a huma... | Physical sciences | Water: General | Earth science |
244431 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipartite%20graph | Bipartite graph | In the mathematical field of graph theory, a bipartite graph (or bigraph) is a graph whose vertices can be divided into two disjoint and independent sets and , that is, every edge connects a vertex in to one in . Vertex sets and are usually called the parts of the graph. Equivalently, a bipartite graph is a graph t... | Mathematics | Graph theory | null |
244437 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamiltonian%20path | Hamiltonian path | In the mathematical field of graph theory, a Hamiltonian path (or traceable path) is a path in an undirected or directed graph that visits each vertex exactly once. A Hamiltonian cycle (or Hamiltonian circuit) is a cycle that visits each vertex exactly once. A Hamiltonian path that starts and ends at adjacent vertices ... | Mathematics | Graph theory | null |
244439 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnstone | Turnstone | Turnstones are two bird species that constitute the genus Arenaria in the family Scolopacidae. They are closely related to calidrid sandpipers and might be considered members of the tribe Calidriini.
The genus Arenaria was introduced by the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson in 1760 with the ruddy turnstone (A... | Biology and health sciences | Charadriiformes | Animals |
244463 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjacency%20matrix | Adjacency matrix | In graph theory and computer science, an adjacency matrix is a square matrix used to represent a finite graph. The elements of the matrix indicate whether pairs of vertices are adjacent or not in the graph.
In the special case of a finite simple graph, the adjacency matrix is a (0,1)-matrix with zeros on its diagonal.... | Mathematics | Graph theory | null |
244517 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibia | Tibia | The tibia (; : tibiae or tibias), also known as the shinbone or shankbone, is the larger, stronger, and anterior (frontal) of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates (the other being the fibula, behind and to the outside of the tibia); it connects the knee with the ankle. The tibia is found on the media... | Biology and health sciences | Skeletal system | Biology |
244611 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s%20law%20of%20universal%20gravitation | Newton's law of universal gravitation | Newton's law of universal gravitation states that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. Separated objects attract and are attracted as if all their mass... | Physical sciences | Classical mechanics | null |
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