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Translate the given Java code snippet into Python without altering its behavior.
public class Arguments { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("There are " + args.length + " arguments given."); for(int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) System.out.println("The argument #" + (i+1) + " is " + args[i] + " and is at index " + i); } }
import sys program_name = sys.argv[0] arguments = sys.argv[1:] count = len(arguments)
Port the provided Java code into Python while preserving the original functionality.
String[] fruits = ["apples", "oranges"]; String[] grains = ["wheat", "corn"]; String[] all = fruits + grains;
arr1 = [1, 2, 3] arr2 = [4, 5, 6] arr3 = [7, 8, 9] arr4 = arr1 + arr2 assert arr4 == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] arr4.extend(arr3) assert arr4 == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
Can you help me rewrite this code in Python instead of Java, keeping it the same logically?
import java.util.Scanner; public class GetInput { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.print("Enter a string: "); String str = s.nextLine(); System.out.print("Enter an integer: "); int i = Integer.parseInt(s.next()); } }
string = raw_input("Input a string: ")
Convert this Java block to Python, preserving its control flow and logic.
import processing.sound.*; float[] frequencies = {261.63, 293.66, 329.63, 349.23, 392.00, 440.00, 493.88, 523.25}; SinOsc sine; size(500,500); sine = new SinOsc(this); for(int i=0;i<frequencies.length;i++){ sine.freq(frequencies[i]); sine.play(); delay(500); }
>>> import winsound >>> for note in [261.63, 293.66, 329.63, 349.23, 392.00, 440.00, 493.88, 523.25]: winsound.Beep(int(note+.5), 500) >>>
Ensure the translated Python code behaves exactly like the original Java snippet.
import processing.sound.*; float[] frequencies = {261.63, 293.66, 329.63, 349.23, 392.00, 440.00, 493.88, 523.25}; SinOsc sine; size(500,500); sine = new SinOsc(this); for(int i=0;i<frequencies.length;i++){ sine.freq(frequencies[i]); sine.play(); delay(500); }
>>> import winsound >>> for note in [261.63, 293.66, 329.63, 349.23, 392.00, 440.00, 493.88, 523.25]: winsound.Beep(int(note+.5), 500) >>>
Translate the given Java code snippet into Python without altering its behavior.
import processing.sound.*; float[] frequencies = {261.63, 293.66, 329.63, 349.23, 392.00, 440.00, 493.88, 523.25}; SinOsc sine; size(500,500); sine = new SinOsc(this); for(int i=0;i<frequencies.length;i++){ sine.freq(frequencies[i]); sine.play(); delay(500); }
>>> import winsound >>> for note in [261.63, 293.66, 329.63, 349.23, 392.00, 440.00, 493.88, 523.25]: winsound.Beep(int(note+.5), 500) >>>
Change the programming language of this snippet from Java to Python without modifying what it does.
package hu.pj.alg.test; import hu.pj.alg.ZeroOneKnapsack; import hu.pj.obj.Item; import java.util.*; import java.text.*; public class ZeroOneKnapsackForTourists { public ZeroOneKnapsackForTourists() { ZeroOneKnapsack zok = new ZeroOneKnapsack(400); zok.add("map", 9, 150); zok.add("compass", 13, 35); zok.add("water", 153, 200); zok.add("sandwich", 50, 160); zok.add("glucose", 15, 60); zok.add("tin", 68, 45); zok.add("banana", 27, 60); zok.add("apple", 39, 40); zok.add("cheese", 23, 30); zok.add("beer", 52, 10); zok.add("suntan cream", 11, 70); zok.add("camera", 32, 30); zok.add("t-shirt", 24, 15); zok.add("trousers", 48, 10); zok.add("umbrella", 73, 40); zok.add("waterproof trousers", 42, 70); zok.add("waterproof overclothes", 43, 75); zok.add("note-case", 22, 80); zok.add("sunglasses", 7, 20); zok.add("towel", 18, 12); zok.add("socks", 4, 50); zok.add("book", 30, 10); List<Item> itemList = zok.calcSolution(); if (zok.isCalculated()) { NumberFormat nf = NumberFormat.getInstance(); System.out.println( "Maximal weight = " + nf.format(zok.getMaxWeight() / 100.0) + " kg" ); System.out.println( "Total weight of solution = " + nf.format(zok.getSolutionWeight() / 100.0) + " kg" ); System.out.println( "Total value = " + zok.getProfit() ); System.out.println(); System.out.println( "You can carry the following materials " + "in the knapsack:" ); for (Item item : itemList) { if (item.getInKnapsack() == 1) { System.out.format( "%1$-23s %2$-3s %3$-5s %4$-15s \n", item.getName(), item.getWeight(), "dag ", "(value = " + item.getValue() + ")" ); } } } else { System.out.println( "The problem is not solved. " + "Maybe you gave wrong data." ); } } public static void main(String[] args) { new ZeroOneKnapsackForTourists(); } }
from itertools import combinations def anycomb(items): ' return combinations of any length from the items ' return ( comb for r in range(1, len(items)+1) for comb in combinations(items, r) ) def totalvalue(comb): ' Totalise a particular combination of items' totwt = totval = 0 for item, wt, val in comb: totwt += wt totval += val return (totval, -totwt) if totwt <= 400 else (0, 0) items = ( ("map", 9, 150), ("compass", 13, 35), ("water", 153, 200), ("sandwich", 50, 160), ("glucose", 15, 60), ("tin", 68, 45), ("banana", 27, 60), ("apple", 39, 40), ("cheese", 23, 30), ("beer", 52, 10), ("suntan cream", 11, 70), ("camera", 32, 30), ("t-shirt", 24, 15), ("trousers", 48, 10), ("umbrella", 73, 40), ("waterproof trousers", 42, 70), ("waterproof overclothes", 43, 75), ("note-case", 22, 80), ("sunglasses", 7, 20), ("towel", 18, 12), ("socks", 4, 50), ("book", 30, 10), ) bagged = max( anycomb(items), key=totalvalue) print("Bagged the following items\n " + '\n '.join(sorted(item for item,_,_ in bagged))) val, wt = totalvalue(bagged) print("for a total value of %i and a total weight of %i" % (val, -wt))
Ensure the translated Python code behaves exactly like the original Java snippet.
import java.io.*; import java.util.*; public class PrimeDescendants { public static void main(String[] args) { try (Writer writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out))) { printPrimeDesc(writer, 100); } catch (IOException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } private static void printPrimeDesc(Writer writer, int limit) throws IOException { List<Long> primes = findPrimes(limit); List<Long> ancestor = new ArrayList<>(limit); List<List<Long>> descendants = new ArrayList<>(limit); for (int i = 0; i < limit; ++i) { ancestor.add(Long.valueOf(0)); descendants.add(new ArrayList<Long>()); } for (Long prime : primes) { int p = prime.intValue(); descendants.get(p).add(prime); for (int i = 0; i + p < limit; ++i) { int s = i + p; for (Long n : descendants.get(i)) { Long prod = n * p; descendants.get(s).add(prod); if (prod < limit) ancestor.set(prod.intValue(), Long.valueOf(s)); } } } int totalDescendants = 0; for (int i = 1; i < limit; ++i) { List<Long> ancestors = getAncestors(ancestor, i); writer.write("[" + i + "] Level: " + ancestors.size() + "\n"); writer.write("Ancestors: "); Collections.sort(ancestors); print(writer, ancestors); writer.write("Descendants: "); List<Long> desc = descendants.get(i); if (!desc.isEmpty()) { Collections.sort(desc); if (desc.get(0) == i) desc.remove(0); } writer.write(desc.size() + "\n"); totalDescendants += desc.size(); if (!desc.isEmpty()) print(writer, desc); writer.write("\n"); } writer.write("Total descendants: " + totalDescendants + "\n"); } private static List<Long> findPrimes(int limit) { boolean[] isprime = new boolean[limit]; Arrays.fill(isprime, true); isprime[0] = isprime[1] = false; for (int p = 2; p * p < limit; ++p) { if (isprime[p]) { for (int i = p * p; i < limit; i += p) isprime[i] = false; } } List<Long> primes = new ArrayList<>(); for (int p = 2; p < limit; ++p) { if (isprime[p]) primes.add(Long.valueOf(p)); } return primes; } private static List<Long> getAncestors(List<Long> ancestor, int n) { List<Long> result = new ArrayList<>(); for (Long a = ancestor.get(n); a != 0 && a != n; ) { n = a.intValue(); a = ancestor.get(n); result.add(Long.valueOf(n)); } return result; } private static void print(Writer writer, List<Long> list) throws IOException { if (list.isEmpty()) { writer.write("none\n"); return; } int i = 0; writer.write(String.valueOf(list.get(i++))); for (; i != list.size(); ++i) writer.write(", " + list.get(i)); writer.write("\n"); } }
from __future__ import print_function from itertools import takewhile maxsum = 99 def get_primes(max): if max < 2: return [] lprimes = [2] for x in range(3, max + 1, 2): for p in lprimes: if x % p == 0: break else: lprimes.append(x) return lprimes descendants = [[] for _ in range(maxsum + 1)] ancestors = [[] for _ in range(maxsum + 1)] primes = get_primes(maxsum) for p in primes: descendants[p].append(p) for s in range(1, len(descendants) - p): descendants[s + p] += [p * pr for pr in descendants[s]] for p in primes + [4]: descendants[p].pop() total = 0 for s in range(1, maxsum + 1): descendants[s].sort() for d in takewhile(lambda x: x <= maxsum, descendants[s]): ancestors[d] = ancestors[s] + [s] print([s], "Level:", len(ancestors[s])) print("Ancestors:", ancestors[s] if len(ancestors[s]) else "None") print("Descendants:", len(descendants[s]) if len(descendants[s]) else "None") if len(descendants[s]): print(descendants[s]) print() total += len(descendants[s]) print("Total descendants", total)
Write the same code in Python as shown below in Java.
import static java.util.Arrays.asList; import static java.util.Collections.emptyList; import static java.util.Optional.of; import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList; import java.util.List; public class CartesianProduct { public List<?> product(List<?>... a) { if (a.length >= 2) { List<?> product = a[0]; for (int i = 1; i < a.length; i++) { product = product(product, a[i]); } return product; } return emptyList(); } private <A, B> List<?> product(List<A> a, List<B> b) { return of(a.stream() .map(e1 -> of(b.stream().map(e2 -> asList(e1, e2)).collect(toList())).orElse(emptyList())) .flatMap(List::stream) .collect(toList())).orElse(emptyList()); } }
import itertools def cp(lsts): return list(itertools.product(*lsts)) if __name__ == '__main__': from pprint import pprint as pp for lists in [[[1,2],[3,4]], [[3,4],[1,2]], [[], [1, 2]], [[1, 2], []], ((1776, 1789), (7, 12), (4, 14, 23), (0, 1)), ((1, 2, 3), (30,), (500, 100)), ((1, 2, 3), (), (500, 100))]: print(lists, '=>') pp(cp(lists), indent=2)
Produce a functionally identical Python code for the snippet given in Java.
import static java.util.Arrays.asList; import static java.util.Collections.emptyList; import static java.util.Optional.of; import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList; import java.util.List; public class CartesianProduct { public List<?> product(List<?>... a) { if (a.length >= 2) { List<?> product = a[0]; for (int i = 1; i < a.length; i++) { product = product(product, a[i]); } return product; } return emptyList(); } private <A, B> List<?> product(List<A> a, List<B> b) { return of(a.stream() .map(e1 -> of(b.stream().map(e2 -> asList(e1, e2)).collect(toList())).orElse(emptyList())) .flatMap(List::stream) .collect(toList())).orElse(emptyList()); } }
import itertools def cp(lsts): return list(itertools.product(*lsts)) if __name__ == '__main__': from pprint import pprint as pp for lists in [[[1,2],[3,4]], [[3,4],[1,2]], [[], [1, 2]], [[1, 2], []], ((1776, 1789), (7, 12), (4, 14, 23), (0, 1)), ((1, 2, 3), (30,), (500, 100)), ((1, 2, 3), (), (500, 100))]: print(lists, '=>') pp(cp(lists), indent=2)
Can you help me rewrite this code in Python instead of Java, keeping it the same logically?
import static java.util.Arrays.asList; import static java.util.Collections.emptyList; import static java.util.Optional.of; import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList; import java.util.List; public class CartesianProduct { public List<?> product(List<?>... a) { if (a.length >= 2) { List<?> product = a[0]; for (int i = 1; i < a.length; i++) { product = product(product, a[i]); } return product; } return emptyList(); } private <A, B> List<?> product(List<A> a, List<B> b) { return of(a.stream() .map(e1 -> of(b.stream().map(e2 -> asList(e1, e2)).collect(toList())).orElse(emptyList())) .flatMap(List::stream) .collect(toList())).orElse(emptyList()); } }
import itertools def cp(lsts): return list(itertools.product(*lsts)) if __name__ == '__main__': from pprint import pprint as pp for lists in [[[1,2],[3,4]], [[3,4],[1,2]], [[], [1, 2]], [[1, 2], []], ((1776, 1789), (7, 12), (4, 14, 23), (0, 1)), ((1, 2, 3), (30,), (500, 100)), ((1, 2, 3), (), (500, 100))]: print(lists, '=>') pp(cp(lists), indent=2)
Produce a functionally identical Python code for the snippet given in Java.
import java.util.ArrayList; public class FirstClass{ public interface Function<A,B>{ B apply(A x); } public static <A,B,C> Function<A, C> compose( final Function<B, C> f, final Function<A, B> g) { return new Function<A, C>() { @Override public C apply(A x) { return f.apply(g.apply(x)); } }; } public static void main(String[] args){ ArrayList<Function<Double, Double>> functions = new ArrayList<Function<Double,Double>>(); functions.add( new Function<Double, Double>(){ @Override public Double apply(Double x){ return Math.cos(x); } }); functions.add( new Function<Double, Double>(){ @Override public Double apply(Double x){ return Math.tan(x); } }); functions.add( new Function<Double, Double>(){ @Override public Double apply(Double x){ return x * x; } }); ArrayList<Function<Double, Double>> inverse = new ArrayList<Function<Double,Double>>(); inverse.add( new Function<Double, Double>(){ @Override public Double apply(Double x){ return Math.acos(x); } }); inverse.add( new Function<Double, Double>(){ @Override public Double apply(Double x){ return Math.atan(x); } }); inverse.add( new Function<Double, Double>(){ @Override public Double apply(Double x){ return Math.sqrt(x); } }); System.out.println("Compositions:"); for(int i = 0; i < functions.size(); i++){ System.out.println(compose(functions.get(i), inverse.get(i)).apply(0.5)); } System.out.println("Hard-coded compositions:"); System.out.println(Math.cos(Math.acos(0.5))); System.out.println(Math.tan(Math.atan(0.5))); System.out.println(Math.pow(Math.sqrt(0.5), 2)); } }
>>> >>> from math import sin, cos, acos, asin >>> >>> cube = lambda x: x * x * x >>> croot = lambda x: x ** (1/3.0) >>> >>> >>> compose = lambda f1, f2: ( lambda x: f1(f2(x)) ) >>> >>> funclist = [sin, cos, cube] >>> funclisti = [asin, acos, croot] >>> >>> [compose(inversef, f)(.5) for f, inversef in zip(funclist, funclisti)] [0.5, 0.4999999999999999, 0.5] >>>
Generate a Python translation of this Java snippet without changing its computational steps.
import java.util.Collections; import java.util.LinkedList; import java.util.List; public class Proper{ public static List<Integer> properDivs(int n){ List<Integer> divs = new LinkedList<Integer>(); if(n == 1) return divs; divs.add(1); for(int x = 2; x < n; x++){ if(n % x == 0) divs.add(x); } Collections.sort(divs); return divs; } public static void main(String[] args){ for(int x = 1; x <= 10; x++){ System.out.println(x + ": " + properDivs(x)); } int x = 0, count = 0; for(int n = 1; n <= 20000; n++){ if(properDivs(n).size() > count){ x = n; count = properDivs(n).size(); } } System.out.println(x + ": " + count); } }
>>> def proper_divs2(n): ... return {x for x in range(1, (n + 1) // 2 + 1) if n % x == 0 and n != x} ... >>> [proper_divs2(n) for n in range(1, 11)] [set(), {1}, {1}, {1, 2}, {1}, {1, 2, 3}, {1}, {1, 2, 4}, {1, 3}, {1, 2, 5}] >>> >>> n, length = max(((n, len(proper_divs2(n))) for n in range(1, 20001)), key=lambda pd: pd[1]) >>> n 15120 >>> length 79 >>>
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in Python.
import java.io.StringWriter; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; import javax.xml.transform.Result; import javax.xml.transform.Source; import javax.xml.transform.Transformer; import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory; import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource; import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.w3c.dom.Element; public class XmlCreation { private static final String[] names = {"April", "Tam O'Shanter", "Emily"}; private static final String[] remarks = {"Bubbly: I'm > Tam and <= Emily", "Burns: \"When chapman billies leave the street ...\"", "Short & shrift"}; public static void main(String[] args) { try { final Document doc = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().newDocument(); final Element root = doc.createElement("CharacterRemarks"); doc.appendChild(root); for(int i = 0; i < names.length; i++) { final Element character = doc.createElement("Character"); root.appendChild(character); character.setAttribute("name", names[i]); character.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(remarks[i])); } final Source source = new DOMSource(doc); final StringWriter buffer = new StringWriter(); final Result result = new StreamResult(buffer); final Transformer transformer = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer(); transformer.setOutputProperty("indent", "yes"); transformer.transform(source, result); System.out.println(buffer.toString()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
>>> from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET >>> from itertools import izip >>> def characterstoxml(names, remarks): root = ET.Element("CharacterRemarks") for name, remark in izip(names, remarks): c = ET.SubElement(root, "Character", {'name': name}) c.text = remark return ET.tostring(root) >>> print characterstoxml( names = ["April", "Tam O'Shanter", "Emily"], remarks = [ "Bubbly: I'm > Tam and <= Emily", 'Burns: "When chapman billies leave the street ..."', 'Short & shrift' ] ).replace('><','>\n<')
Rewrite this program in Python while keeping its functionality equivalent to the Java version.
import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import java.awt.geom.*; import javax.swing.JApplet; import javax.swing.JFrame; public class Plot2d extends JApplet { double[] xi; double[] yi; public Plot2d(double[] x, double[] y) { this.xi = x; this.yi = y; } public static double max(double[] t) { double maximum = t[0]; for (int i = 1; i < t.length; i++) { if (t[i] > maximum) { maximum = t[i]; } } return maximum; } public static double min(double[] t) { double minimum = t[0]; for (int i = 1; i < t.length; i++) { if (t[i] < minimum) { minimum = t[i]; } } return minimum; } public void init() { setBackground(Color.white); setForeground(Color.white); } public void paint(Graphics g) { Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g; g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); g2.setPaint(Color.black); int x0 = 70; int y0 = 10; int xm = 670; int ym = 410; int xspan = xm - x0; int yspan = ym - y0; double xmax = max(xi); double xmin = min(xi); double ymax = max(yi); double ymin = min(yi); g2.draw(new Line2D.Double(x0, ym, xm, ym)); g2.draw(new Line2D.Double(x0, ym, x0, y0)); for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) { int interv = 4; g2.drawString("" + (j * (xmax - xmin) / interv + xmin), j * xspan / interv + x0 - 10, ym + 20); g2.drawString("" + (j * (ymax - ymin) / interv + ymin), x0 - 20 - (int) (9 * Math.log10(ymax)), ym - j * yspan / interv + y0 - 5); g2.draw(new Line2D.Double(j * xspan / interv + x0, ym, j * xspan / interv + x0, ym + 5)); g2.draw(new Line2D.Double(x0 - 5, j * yspan / interv + y0, x0, j * yspan / interv + y0)); } for (int i = 0; i < xi.length; i++) { int f = (int) ((xi[i] - xmin) * xspan / (xmax - xmin)); int h = (int) (((ymax - ymin) - (yi[i] - ymin)) * yspan / (ymax - ymin)); g2.drawString("o", x0 + f - 3, h + 14); } for (int i = 0; i < xi.length - 1; i++) { int f = (int) ((xi[i] - xmin) * xspan / (xmax - xmin)); int f2 = (int) ((xi[i + 1] - xmin) * xspan / (xmax - xmin)); int h = (int) (((ymax - ymin) - (yi[i] - ymin)) * yspan / (ymax - ymin)); int h2 = (int) (((ymax - ymin) - (yi[i + 1] - ymin)) * yspan / (ymax - ymin)); g2.draw(new Line2D.Double(f + x0, h + y0, f2 + x0, h2 + y0)); } } public static void main(String args[]) { JFrame f = new JFrame("ShapesDemo2D"); f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { System.exit(0); } }); double[] r = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}; double[] t = {2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.09}; JApplet applet = new Plot2d(r, t); f.getContentPane().add("Center", applet); applet.init(); f.pack(); f.setSize(new Dimension(720, 480)); f.show(); } }
>>> x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] >>> y = [2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0] >>> import pylab >>> pylab.plot(x, y, 'bo') >>> pylab.savefig('qsort-range-10-9.png')
Rewrite this program in Python while keeping its functionality equivalent to the Java version.
import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import java.awt.geom.*; import javax.swing.JApplet; import javax.swing.JFrame; public class Plot2d extends JApplet { double[] xi; double[] yi; public Plot2d(double[] x, double[] y) { this.xi = x; this.yi = y; } public static double max(double[] t) { double maximum = t[0]; for (int i = 1; i < t.length; i++) { if (t[i] > maximum) { maximum = t[i]; } } return maximum; } public static double min(double[] t) { double minimum = t[0]; for (int i = 1; i < t.length; i++) { if (t[i] < minimum) { minimum = t[i]; } } return minimum; } public void init() { setBackground(Color.white); setForeground(Color.white); } public void paint(Graphics g) { Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g; g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); g2.setPaint(Color.black); int x0 = 70; int y0 = 10; int xm = 670; int ym = 410; int xspan = xm - x0; int yspan = ym - y0; double xmax = max(xi); double xmin = min(xi); double ymax = max(yi); double ymin = min(yi); g2.draw(new Line2D.Double(x0, ym, xm, ym)); g2.draw(new Line2D.Double(x0, ym, x0, y0)); for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) { int interv = 4; g2.drawString("" + (j * (xmax - xmin) / interv + xmin), j * xspan / interv + x0 - 10, ym + 20); g2.drawString("" + (j * (ymax - ymin) / interv + ymin), x0 - 20 - (int) (9 * Math.log10(ymax)), ym - j * yspan / interv + y0 - 5); g2.draw(new Line2D.Double(j * xspan / interv + x0, ym, j * xspan / interv + x0, ym + 5)); g2.draw(new Line2D.Double(x0 - 5, j * yspan / interv + y0, x0, j * yspan / interv + y0)); } for (int i = 0; i < xi.length; i++) { int f = (int) ((xi[i] - xmin) * xspan / (xmax - xmin)); int h = (int) (((ymax - ymin) - (yi[i] - ymin)) * yspan / (ymax - ymin)); g2.drawString("o", x0 + f - 3, h + 14); } for (int i = 0; i < xi.length - 1; i++) { int f = (int) ((xi[i] - xmin) * xspan / (xmax - xmin)); int f2 = (int) ((xi[i + 1] - xmin) * xspan / (xmax - xmin)); int h = (int) (((ymax - ymin) - (yi[i] - ymin)) * yspan / (ymax - ymin)); int h2 = (int) (((ymax - ymin) - (yi[i + 1] - ymin)) * yspan / (ymax - ymin)); g2.draw(new Line2D.Double(f + x0, h + y0, f2 + x0, h2 + y0)); } } public static void main(String args[]) { JFrame f = new JFrame("ShapesDemo2D"); f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { System.exit(0); } }); double[] r = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}; double[] t = {2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.09}; JApplet applet = new Plot2d(r, t); f.getContentPane().add("Center", applet); applet.init(); f.pack(); f.setSize(new Dimension(720, 480)); f.show(); } }
>>> x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] >>> y = [2.7, 2.8, 31.4, 38.1, 58.0, 76.2, 100.5, 130.0, 149.3, 180.0] >>> import pylab >>> pylab.plot(x, y, 'bo') >>> pylab.savefig('qsort-range-10-9.png')
Please provide an equivalent version of this Java code in Python.
String str = "I am a string"; if (str.matches(".*string")) { System.out.println("ends with 'string'"); }
import re string = "This is a string" if re.search('string$', string): print("Ends with string.") string = re.sub(" a ", " another ", string) print(string)
Port the provided Java code into Python while preserving the original functionality.
import java.util.AbstractList; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.Scanner; public class GuessNumber { public static final int LOWER = 0, UPPER = 100; public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.printf("Instructions:\n" + "Think of integer number from %d (inclusive) to %d (exclusive) and\n" + "I will guess it. After each guess, you respond with L, H, or C depending\n" + "on if my guess was too low, too high, or correct.\n", LOWER, UPPER); int result = Collections.binarySearch(new AbstractList<Integer>() { private final Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); public int size() { return UPPER - LOWER; } public Integer get(int i) { System.out.printf("My guess is: %d. Is it too high, too low, or correct? (H/L/C) ", LOWER+i); String s = in.nextLine(); assert s.length() > 0; switch (Character.toLowerCase(s.charAt(0))) { case 'l': return -1; case 'h': return 1; case 'c': return 0; } return -1; } }, 0); if (result < 0) System.out.println("That is impossible."); else System.out.printf("Your number is %d.\n", result); } }
inclusive_range = mn, mx = (1, 10) print( % inclusive_range) i = 0 while True: i += 1 guess = (mn+mx)//2 txt = input("Guess %2i is: %2i. The score for which is (h,l,=): " % (i, guess)).strip().lower()[0] if txt not in 'hl=': print(" I don't understand your input of '%s' ?" % txt) continue if txt == 'h': mx = guess-1 if txt == 'l': mn = guess+1 if txt == '=': print(" Ye-Haw!!") break if (mn > mx) or (mn < inclusive_range[0]) or (mx > inclusive_range[1]): print("Please check your scoring as I cannot find the value") break print("\nThanks for keeping score.")
Change the following Java code into Python without altering its purpose.
import java.util.HashMap; public static void main(String[] args){ String[] keys= {"a", "b", "c"}; int[] vals= {1, 2, 3}; HashMap<String, Integer> hash= new HashMap<String, Integer>(); for(int i= 0; i < keys.length; i++){ hash.put(keys[i], vals[i]); } }
keys = ['a', 'b', 'c'] values = [1, 2, 3] hash = {key: value for key, value in zip(keys, values)}
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Java to Python.
import java.util.HashMap; public static void main(String[] args){ String[] keys= {"a", "b", "c"}; int[] vals= {1, 2, 3}; HashMap<String, Integer> hash= new HashMap<String, Integer>(); for(int i= 0; i < keys.length; i++){ hash.put(keys[i], vals[i]); } }
keys = ['a', 'b', 'c'] values = [1, 2, 3] hash = {key: value for key, value in zip(keys, values)}
Rewrite the snippet below in Python so it works the same as the original Java code.
import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.List; public class Bins { public static <T extends Comparable<? super T>> int[] bins( List<? extends T> limits, Iterable<? extends T> data) { int[] result = new int[limits.size() + 1]; for (T n : data) { int i = Collections.binarySearch(limits, n); if (i >= 0) { i = i+1; } else { i = ~i; } result[i]++; } return result; } public static void printBins(List<?> limits, int[] bins) { int n = limits.size(); if (n == 0) { return; } assert n+1 == bins.length; System.out.printf(" < %3s: %2d\n", limits.get(0), bins[0]); for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) { System.out.printf(">= %3s and < %3s: %2d\n", limits.get(i-1), limits.get(i), bins[i]); } System.out.printf(">= %3s  : %2d\n", limits.get(n-1), bins[n]); } public static void main(String[] args) { List<Integer> limits = Arrays.asList(23, 37, 43, 53, 67, 83); List<Integer> data = Arrays.asList( 95, 21, 94, 12, 99, 4, 70, 75, 83, 93, 52, 80, 57, 5, 53, 86, 65, 17, 92, 83, 71, 61, 54, 58, 47, 16, 8, 9, 32, 84, 7, 87, 46, 19, 30, 37, 96, 6, 98, 40, 79, 97, 45, 64, 60, 29, 49, 36, 43, 55); System.out.println("Example 1:"); printBins(limits, bins(limits, data)); limits = Arrays.asList(14, 18, 249, 312, 389, 392, 513, 591, 634, 720); data = Arrays.asList( 445, 814, 519, 697, 700, 130, 255, 889, 481, 122, 932, 77, 323, 525, 570, 219, 367, 523, 442, 933, 416, 589, 930, 373, 202, 253, 775, 47, 731, 685, 293, 126, 133, 450, 545, 100, 741, 583, 763, 306, 655, 267, 248, 477, 549, 238, 62, 678, 98, 534, 622, 907, 406, 714, 184, 391, 913, 42, 560, 247, 346, 860, 56, 138, 546, 38, 985, 948, 58, 213, 799, 319, 390, 634, 458, 945, 733, 507, 916, 123, 345, 110, 720, 917, 313, 845, 426, 9, 457, 628, 410, 723, 354, 895, 881, 953, 677, 137, 397, 97, 854, 740, 83, 216, 421, 94, 517, 479, 292, 963, 376, 981, 480, 39, 257, 272, 157, 5, 316, 395, 787, 942, 456, 242, 759, 898, 576, 67, 298, 425, 894, 435, 831, 241, 989, 614, 987, 770, 384, 692, 698, 765, 331, 487, 251, 600, 879, 342, 982, 527, 736, 795, 585, 40, 54, 901, 408, 359, 577, 237, 605, 847, 353, 968, 832, 205, 838, 427, 876, 959, 686, 646, 835, 127, 621, 892, 443, 198, 988, 791, 466, 23, 707, 467, 33, 670, 921, 180, 991, 396, 160, 436, 717, 918, 8, 374, 101, 684, 727, 749); System.out.println(); System.out.println("Example 2:"); printBins(limits, bins(limits, data)); } }
from bisect import bisect_right def bin_it(limits: list, data: list) -> list: "Bin data according to (ascending) limits." bins = [0] * (len(limits) + 1) for d in data: bins[bisect_right(limits, d)] += 1 return bins def bin_print(limits: list, bins: list) -> list: print(f" < {limits[0]:3} := {bins[0]:3}") for lo, hi, count in zip(limits, limits[1:], bins[1:]): print(f">= {lo:3} .. < {hi:3} := {count:3}") print(f">= {limits[-1]:3}  := {bins[-1]:3}") if __name__ == "__main__": print("RC FIRST EXAMPLE\n") limits = [23, 37, 43, 53, 67, 83] data = [95,21,94,12,99,4,70,75,83,93,52,80,57,5,53,86,65,17,92,83,71,61,54,58,47, 16, 8, 9,32,84,7,87,46,19,30,37,96,6,98,40,79,97,45,64,60,29,49,36,43,55] bins = bin_it(limits, data) bin_print(limits, bins) print("\nRC SECOND EXAMPLE\n") limits = [14, 18, 249, 312, 389, 392, 513, 591, 634, 720] data = [445,814,519,697,700,130,255,889,481,122,932, 77,323,525,570,219,367,523,442,933, 416,589,930,373,202,253,775, 47,731,685,293,126,133,450,545,100,741,583,763,306, 655,267,248,477,549,238, 62,678, 98,534,622,907,406,714,184,391,913, 42,560,247, 346,860, 56,138,546, 38,985,948, 58,213,799,319,390,634,458,945,733,507,916,123, 345,110,720,917,313,845,426, 9,457,628,410,723,354,895,881,953,677,137,397, 97, 854,740, 83,216,421, 94,517,479,292,963,376,981,480, 39,257,272,157, 5,316,395, 787,942,456,242,759,898,576, 67,298,425,894,435,831,241,989,614,987,770,384,692, 698,765,331,487,251,600,879,342,982,527,736,795,585, 40, 54,901,408,359,577,237, 605,847,353,968,832,205,838,427,876,959,686,646,835,127,621,892,443,198,988,791, 466, 23,707,467, 33,670,921,180,991,396,160,436,717,918, 8,374,101,684,727,749] bins = bin_it(limits, data) bin_print(limits, bins)
Convert the following code from Java to Python, ensuring the logic remains intact.
import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.List; public class Bins { public static <T extends Comparable<? super T>> int[] bins( List<? extends T> limits, Iterable<? extends T> data) { int[] result = new int[limits.size() + 1]; for (T n : data) { int i = Collections.binarySearch(limits, n); if (i >= 0) { i = i+1; } else { i = ~i; } result[i]++; } return result; } public static void printBins(List<?> limits, int[] bins) { int n = limits.size(); if (n == 0) { return; } assert n+1 == bins.length; System.out.printf(" < %3s: %2d\n", limits.get(0), bins[0]); for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) { System.out.printf(">= %3s and < %3s: %2d\n", limits.get(i-1), limits.get(i), bins[i]); } System.out.printf(">= %3s  : %2d\n", limits.get(n-1), bins[n]); } public static void main(String[] args) { List<Integer> limits = Arrays.asList(23, 37, 43, 53, 67, 83); List<Integer> data = Arrays.asList( 95, 21, 94, 12, 99, 4, 70, 75, 83, 93, 52, 80, 57, 5, 53, 86, 65, 17, 92, 83, 71, 61, 54, 58, 47, 16, 8, 9, 32, 84, 7, 87, 46, 19, 30, 37, 96, 6, 98, 40, 79, 97, 45, 64, 60, 29, 49, 36, 43, 55); System.out.println("Example 1:"); printBins(limits, bins(limits, data)); limits = Arrays.asList(14, 18, 249, 312, 389, 392, 513, 591, 634, 720); data = Arrays.asList( 445, 814, 519, 697, 700, 130, 255, 889, 481, 122, 932, 77, 323, 525, 570, 219, 367, 523, 442, 933, 416, 589, 930, 373, 202, 253, 775, 47, 731, 685, 293, 126, 133, 450, 545, 100, 741, 583, 763, 306, 655, 267, 248, 477, 549, 238, 62, 678, 98, 534, 622, 907, 406, 714, 184, 391, 913, 42, 560, 247, 346, 860, 56, 138, 546, 38, 985, 948, 58, 213, 799, 319, 390, 634, 458, 945, 733, 507, 916, 123, 345, 110, 720, 917, 313, 845, 426, 9, 457, 628, 410, 723, 354, 895, 881, 953, 677, 137, 397, 97, 854, 740, 83, 216, 421, 94, 517, 479, 292, 963, 376, 981, 480, 39, 257, 272, 157, 5, 316, 395, 787, 942, 456, 242, 759, 898, 576, 67, 298, 425, 894, 435, 831, 241, 989, 614, 987, 770, 384, 692, 698, 765, 331, 487, 251, 600, 879, 342, 982, 527, 736, 795, 585, 40, 54, 901, 408, 359, 577, 237, 605, 847, 353, 968, 832, 205, 838, 427, 876, 959, 686, 646, 835, 127, 621, 892, 443, 198, 988, 791, 466, 23, 707, 467, 33, 670, 921, 180, 991, 396, 160, 436, 717, 918, 8, 374, 101, 684, 727, 749); System.out.println(); System.out.println("Example 2:"); printBins(limits, bins(limits, data)); } }
from bisect import bisect_right def bin_it(limits: list, data: list) -> list: "Bin data according to (ascending) limits." bins = [0] * (len(limits) + 1) for d in data: bins[bisect_right(limits, d)] += 1 return bins def bin_print(limits: list, bins: list) -> list: print(f" < {limits[0]:3} := {bins[0]:3}") for lo, hi, count in zip(limits, limits[1:], bins[1:]): print(f">= {lo:3} .. < {hi:3} := {count:3}") print(f">= {limits[-1]:3}  := {bins[-1]:3}") if __name__ == "__main__": print("RC FIRST EXAMPLE\n") limits = [23, 37, 43, 53, 67, 83] data = [95,21,94,12,99,4,70,75,83,93,52,80,57,5,53,86,65,17,92,83,71,61,54,58,47, 16, 8, 9,32,84,7,87,46,19,30,37,96,6,98,40,79,97,45,64,60,29,49,36,43,55] bins = bin_it(limits, data) bin_print(limits, bins) print("\nRC SECOND EXAMPLE\n") limits = [14, 18, 249, 312, 389, 392, 513, 591, 634, 720] data = [445,814,519,697,700,130,255,889,481,122,932, 77,323,525,570,219,367,523,442,933, 416,589,930,373,202,253,775, 47,731,685,293,126,133,450,545,100,741,583,763,306, 655,267,248,477,549,238, 62,678, 98,534,622,907,406,714,184,391,913, 42,560,247, 346,860, 56,138,546, 38,985,948, 58,213,799,319,390,634,458,945,733,507,916,123, 345,110,720,917,313,845,426, 9,457,628,410,723,354,895,881,953,677,137,397, 97, 854,740, 83,216,421, 94,517,479,292,963,376,981,480, 39,257,272,157, 5,316,395, 787,942,456,242,759,898,576, 67,298,425,894,435,831,241,989,614,987,770,384,692, 698,765,331,487,251,600,879,342,982,527,736,795,585, 40, 54,901,408,359,577,237, 605,847,353,968,832,205,838,427,876,959,686,646,835,127,621,892,443,198,988,791, 466, 23,707,467, 33,670,921,180,991,396,160,436,717,918, 8,374,101,684,727,749] bins = bin_it(limits, data) bin_print(limits, bins)
Please provide an equivalent version of this Java code in Python.
import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.List; public class Bins { public static <T extends Comparable<? super T>> int[] bins( List<? extends T> limits, Iterable<? extends T> data) { int[] result = new int[limits.size() + 1]; for (T n : data) { int i = Collections.binarySearch(limits, n); if (i >= 0) { i = i+1; } else { i = ~i; } result[i]++; } return result; } public static void printBins(List<?> limits, int[] bins) { int n = limits.size(); if (n == 0) { return; } assert n+1 == bins.length; System.out.printf(" < %3s: %2d\n", limits.get(0), bins[0]); for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) { System.out.printf(">= %3s and < %3s: %2d\n", limits.get(i-1), limits.get(i), bins[i]); } System.out.printf(">= %3s  : %2d\n", limits.get(n-1), bins[n]); } public static void main(String[] args) { List<Integer> limits = Arrays.asList(23, 37, 43, 53, 67, 83); List<Integer> data = Arrays.asList( 95, 21, 94, 12, 99, 4, 70, 75, 83, 93, 52, 80, 57, 5, 53, 86, 65, 17, 92, 83, 71, 61, 54, 58, 47, 16, 8, 9, 32, 84, 7, 87, 46, 19, 30, 37, 96, 6, 98, 40, 79, 97, 45, 64, 60, 29, 49, 36, 43, 55); System.out.println("Example 1:"); printBins(limits, bins(limits, data)); limits = Arrays.asList(14, 18, 249, 312, 389, 392, 513, 591, 634, 720); data = Arrays.asList( 445, 814, 519, 697, 700, 130, 255, 889, 481, 122, 932, 77, 323, 525, 570, 219, 367, 523, 442, 933, 416, 589, 930, 373, 202, 253, 775, 47, 731, 685, 293, 126, 133, 450, 545, 100, 741, 583, 763, 306, 655, 267, 248, 477, 549, 238, 62, 678, 98, 534, 622, 907, 406, 714, 184, 391, 913, 42, 560, 247, 346, 860, 56, 138, 546, 38, 985, 948, 58, 213, 799, 319, 390, 634, 458, 945, 733, 507, 916, 123, 345, 110, 720, 917, 313, 845, 426, 9, 457, 628, 410, 723, 354, 895, 881, 953, 677, 137, 397, 97, 854, 740, 83, 216, 421, 94, 517, 479, 292, 963, 376, 981, 480, 39, 257, 272, 157, 5, 316, 395, 787, 942, 456, 242, 759, 898, 576, 67, 298, 425, 894, 435, 831, 241, 989, 614, 987, 770, 384, 692, 698, 765, 331, 487, 251, 600, 879, 342, 982, 527, 736, 795, 585, 40, 54, 901, 408, 359, 577, 237, 605, 847, 353, 968, 832, 205, 838, 427, 876, 959, 686, 646, 835, 127, 621, 892, 443, 198, 988, 791, 466, 23, 707, 467, 33, 670, 921, 180, 991, 396, 160, 436, 717, 918, 8, 374, 101, 684, 727, 749); System.out.println(); System.out.println("Example 2:"); printBins(limits, bins(limits, data)); } }
from bisect import bisect_right def bin_it(limits: list, data: list) -> list: "Bin data according to (ascending) limits." bins = [0] * (len(limits) + 1) for d in data: bins[bisect_right(limits, d)] += 1 return bins def bin_print(limits: list, bins: list) -> list: print(f" < {limits[0]:3} := {bins[0]:3}") for lo, hi, count in zip(limits, limits[1:], bins[1:]): print(f">= {lo:3} .. < {hi:3} := {count:3}") print(f">= {limits[-1]:3}  := {bins[-1]:3}") if __name__ == "__main__": print("RC FIRST EXAMPLE\n") limits = [23, 37, 43, 53, 67, 83] data = [95,21,94,12,99,4,70,75,83,93,52,80,57,5,53,86,65,17,92,83,71,61,54,58,47, 16, 8, 9,32,84,7,87,46,19,30,37,96,6,98,40,79,97,45,64,60,29,49,36,43,55] bins = bin_it(limits, data) bin_print(limits, bins) print("\nRC SECOND EXAMPLE\n") limits = [14, 18, 249, 312, 389, 392, 513, 591, 634, 720] data = [445,814,519,697,700,130,255,889,481,122,932, 77,323,525,570,219,367,523,442,933, 416,589,930,373,202,253,775, 47,731,685,293,126,133,450,545,100,741,583,763,306, 655,267,248,477,549,238, 62,678, 98,534,622,907,406,714,184,391,913, 42,560,247, 346,860, 56,138,546, 38,985,948, 58,213,799,319,390,634,458,945,733,507,916,123, 345,110,720,917,313,845,426, 9,457,628,410,723,354,895,881,953,677,137,397, 97, 854,740, 83,216,421, 94,517,479,292,963,376,981,480, 39,257,272,157, 5,316,395, 787,942,456,242,759,898,576, 67,298,425,894,435,831,241,989,614,987,770,384,692, 698,765,331,487,251,600,879,342,982,527,736,795,585, 40, 54,901,408,359,577,237, 605,847,353,968,832,205,838,427,876,959,686,646,835,127,621,892,443,198,988,791, 466, 23,707,467, 33,670,921,180,991,396,160,436,717,918, 8,374,101,684,727,749] bins = bin_it(limits, data) bin_print(limits, bins)
Change the programming language of this snippet from Java to Python without modifying what it does.
import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Graphics; import javax.swing.JFrame; public class FractalTree extends JFrame { public FractalTree() { super("Fractal Tree"); setBounds(100, 100, 800, 600); setResizable(false); setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } private void drawTree(Graphics g, int x1, int y1, double angle, int depth) { if (depth == 0) return; int x2 = x1 + (int) (Math.cos(Math.toRadians(angle)) * depth * 10.0); int y2 = y1 + (int) (Math.sin(Math.toRadians(angle)) * depth * 10.0); g.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2); drawTree(g, x2, y2, angle - 20, depth - 1); drawTree(g, x2, y2, angle + 20, depth - 1); } @Override public void paint(Graphics g) { g.setColor(Color.BLACK); drawTree(g, 400, 500, -90, 9); } public static void main(String[] args) { new FractalTree().setVisible(true); } }
def setup(): size(600, 600) background(0) stroke(255) drawTree(300, 550, 9) def drawTree(x, y, depth): fork_ang = radians(20) base_len = 10 if depth > 0: pushMatrix() translate(x, y - baseLen * depth) line(0, baseLen * depth, 0, 0) rotate(fork_ang) drawTree(0, 0, depth - 1) rotate(2 * -fork_ang) drawTree(0, 0, depth - 1) popMatrix()
Change the programming language of this snippet from Java to Python without modifying what it does.
import java.awt.*; import static java.awt.Color.*; import javax.swing.*; public class ColourPinstripeDisplay extends JPanel { final static Color[] palette = {black, red, green, blue, magenta,cyan, yellow, white}; final int bands = 4; public ColourPinstripeDisplay() { setPreferredSize(new Dimension(900, 600)); } @Override public void paintComponent(Graphics g) { super.paintComponent(g); int h = getHeight(); for (int b = 1; b <= bands; b++) { for (int x = 0, colIndex = 0; x < getWidth(); x += b, colIndex++) { g.setColor(palette[colIndex % palette.length]); g.fillRect(x, (b - 1) * (h / bands), x + b, b * (h / bands)); } } } public static void main(String[] args) { SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> { JFrame f = new JFrame(); f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); f.setTitle("ColourPinstripeDisplay"); f.add(new ColourPinstripeDisplay(), BorderLayout.CENTER); f.pack(); f.setLocationRelativeTo(null); f.setVisible(true); }); } }
from turtle import * colors = ["black", "red", "green", "blue", "magenta", "cyan", "yellow", "white"] screen = getscreen() left_edge = -screen.window_width()//2 right_edge = screen.window_width()//2 quarter_height = screen.window_height()//4 half_height = quarter_height * 2 speed("fastest") for quarter in range(4): pensize(quarter+1) colornum = 0 min_y = half_height - ((quarter + 1) * quarter_height) max_y = half_height - ((quarter) * quarter_height) for x in range(left_edge,right_edge,quarter+1): penup() pencolor(colors[colornum]) colornum = (colornum + 1) % len(colors) setposition(x,min_y) pendown() setposition(x,max_y) notused = input("Hit enter to continue: ")
Write the same code in Python as shown below in Java.
class Doom { public static void main(String[] args) { final Date[] dates = { new Date(1800,1,6), new Date(1875,3,29), new Date(1915,12,7), new Date(1970,12,23), new Date(2043,5,14), new Date(2077,2,12), new Date(2101,4,2) }; for (Date d : dates) System.out.println( String.format("%s: %s", d.format(), d.weekday())); } } class Date { private int year, month, day; private static final int[] leapdoom = {4,1,7,4,2,6,4,1,5,3,7,5}; private static final int[] normdoom = {3,7,7,4,2,6,4,1,5,3,7,5}; public static final String[] weekdays = { "Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday" }; public Date(int year, int month, int day) { this.year = year; this.month = month; this.day = day; } public boolean isLeapYear() { return year%4 == 0 && (year%100 != 0 || year%400 == 0); } public String format() { return String.format("%02d/%02d/%04d", month, day, year); } public String weekday() { final int c = year/100; final int r = year%100; final int s = r/12; final int t = r%12; final int c_anchor = (5 * (c%4) + 2) % 7; final int doom = (s + t + t/4 + c_anchor) % 7; final int anchor = isLeapYear() ? leapdoom[month-1] : normdoom[month-1]; return weekdays[(doom + day - anchor + 7) % 7]; } }
from datetime import date from calendar import isleap def weekday(d): days = ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"] dooms = [ [3, 7, 7, 4, 2, 6, 4, 1, 5, 3, 7, 5], [4, 1, 7, 4, 2, 6, 4, 1, 5, 3, 7, 5] ] c = d.year // 100 r = d.year % 100 s = r // 12 t = r % 12 c_anchor = (5 * (c % 4) + 2) % 7 doomsday = (s + t + (t // 4) + c_anchor) % 7 anchorday = dooms[isleap(d.year)][d.month - 1] weekday = (doomsday + d.day - anchorday + 7) % 7 return days[weekday] dates = [date(*x) for x in [(1800, 1, 6), (1875, 3, 29), (1915, 12, 7), (1970, 12, 23), (2043, 5, 14), (2077, 2, 12), (2101, 4, 2)] ] for d in dates: tense = "was" if d < date.today() else "is" if d == date.today() else "will be" print("{} {} a {}".format(d.strftime("%B %d, %Y"), tense, weekday(d)))
Port the following code from Java to Python with equivalent syntax and logic.
class Doom { public static void main(String[] args) { final Date[] dates = { new Date(1800,1,6), new Date(1875,3,29), new Date(1915,12,7), new Date(1970,12,23), new Date(2043,5,14), new Date(2077,2,12), new Date(2101,4,2) }; for (Date d : dates) System.out.println( String.format("%s: %s", d.format(), d.weekday())); } } class Date { private int year, month, day; private static final int[] leapdoom = {4,1,7,4,2,6,4,1,5,3,7,5}; private static final int[] normdoom = {3,7,7,4,2,6,4,1,5,3,7,5}; public static final String[] weekdays = { "Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday" }; public Date(int year, int month, int day) { this.year = year; this.month = month; this.day = day; } public boolean isLeapYear() { return year%4 == 0 && (year%100 != 0 || year%400 == 0); } public String format() { return String.format("%02d/%02d/%04d", month, day, year); } public String weekday() { final int c = year/100; final int r = year%100; final int s = r/12; final int t = r%12; final int c_anchor = (5 * (c%4) + 2) % 7; final int doom = (s + t + t/4 + c_anchor) % 7; final int anchor = isLeapYear() ? leapdoom[month-1] : normdoom[month-1]; return weekdays[(doom + day - anchor + 7) % 7]; } }
from datetime import date from calendar import isleap def weekday(d): days = ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"] dooms = [ [3, 7, 7, 4, 2, 6, 4, 1, 5, 3, 7, 5], [4, 1, 7, 4, 2, 6, 4, 1, 5, 3, 7, 5] ] c = d.year // 100 r = d.year % 100 s = r // 12 t = r % 12 c_anchor = (5 * (c % 4) + 2) % 7 doomsday = (s + t + (t // 4) + c_anchor) % 7 anchorday = dooms[isleap(d.year)][d.month - 1] weekday = (doomsday + d.day - anchorday + 7) % 7 return days[weekday] dates = [date(*x) for x in [(1800, 1, 6), (1875, 3, 29), (1915, 12, 7), (1970, 12, 23), (2043, 5, 14), (2077, 2, 12), (2101, 4, 2)] ] for d in dates: tense = "was" if d < date.today() else "is" if d == date.today() else "will be" print("{} {} a {}".format(d.strftime("%B %d, %Y"), tense, weekday(d)))
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in Python.
class Doom { public static void main(String[] args) { final Date[] dates = { new Date(1800,1,6), new Date(1875,3,29), new Date(1915,12,7), new Date(1970,12,23), new Date(2043,5,14), new Date(2077,2,12), new Date(2101,4,2) }; for (Date d : dates) System.out.println( String.format("%s: %s", d.format(), d.weekday())); } } class Date { private int year, month, day; private static final int[] leapdoom = {4,1,7,4,2,6,4,1,5,3,7,5}; private static final int[] normdoom = {3,7,7,4,2,6,4,1,5,3,7,5}; public static final String[] weekdays = { "Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday" }; public Date(int year, int month, int day) { this.year = year; this.month = month; this.day = day; } public boolean isLeapYear() { return year%4 == 0 && (year%100 != 0 || year%400 == 0); } public String format() { return String.format("%02d/%02d/%04d", month, day, year); } public String weekday() { final int c = year/100; final int r = year%100; final int s = r/12; final int t = r%12; final int c_anchor = (5 * (c%4) + 2) % 7; final int doom = (s + t + t/4 + c_anchor) % 7; final int anchor = isLeapYear() ? leapdoom[month-1] : normdoom[month-1]; return weekdays[(doom + day - anchor + 7) % 7]; } }
from datetime import date from calendar import isleap def weekday(d): days = ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"] dooms = [ [3, 7, 7, 4, 2, 6, 4, 1, 5, 3, 7, 5], [4, 1, 7, 4, 2, 6, 4, 1, 5, 3, 7, 5] ] c = d.year // 100 r = d.year % 100 s = r // 12 t = r % 12 c_anchor = (5 * (c % 4) + 2) % 7 doomsday = (s + t + (t // 4) + c_anchor) % 7 anchorday = dooms[isleap(d.year)][d.month - 1] weekday = (doomsday + d.day - anchorday + 7) % 7 return days[weekday] dates = [date(*x) for x in [(1800, 1, 6), (1875, 3, 29), (1915, 12, 7), (1970, 12, 23), (2043, 5, 14), (2077, 2, 12), (2101, 4, 2)] ] for d in dates: tense = "was" if d < date.today() else "is" if d == date.today() else "will be" print("{} {} a {}".format(d.strftime("%B %d, %Y"), tense, weekday(d)))
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in Python.
import java.util.*; public class CocktailSort { public static void main(String[] args) { Integer[] array = new Integer[]{ 5, 1, -6, 12, 3, 13, 2, 4, 0, 15 }; System.out.println("before: " + Arrays.toString(array)); cocktailSort(array); System.out.println("after: " + Arrays.toString(array)); } public static void cocktailSort(Object[] array) { int begin = 0; int end = array.length; if (end == 0) return; for (--end; begin < end; ) { int new_begin = end; int new_end = begin; for (int i = begin; i < end; ++i) { Comparable c1 = (Comparable)array[i]; Comparable c2 = (Comparable)array[i + 1]; if (c1.compareTo(c2) > 0) { swap(array, i, i + 1); new_end = i; } } end = new_end; for (int i = end; i > begin; --i) { Comparable c1 = (Comparable)array[i - 1]; Comparable c2 = (Comparable)array[i]; if (c1.compareTo(c2) > 0) { swap(array, i, i - 1); new_begin = i; } } begin = new_begin; } } private static void swap(Object[] array, int i, int j) { Object tmp = array[i]; array[i] = array[j]; array[j] = tmp; } }
def cocktailshiftingbounds(A): beginIdx = 0 endIdx = len(A) - 1 while beginIdx <= endIdx: newBeginIdx = endIdx newEndIdx = beginIdx for ii in range(beginIdx,endIdx): if A[ii] > A[ii + 1]: A[ii+1], A[ii] = A[ii], A[ii+1] newEndIdx = ii endIdx = newEndIdx for ii in range(endIdx,beginIdx-1,-1): if A[ii] > A[ii + 1]: A[ii+1], A[ii] = A[ii], A[ii+1] newBeginIdx = ii beginIdx = newBeginIdx + 1 test1 = [7, 6, 5, 9, 8, 4, 3, 1, 2, 0] cocktailshiftingbounds(test1) print(test1) test2=list('big fjords vex quick waltz nymph') cocktailshiftingbounds(test2) print(''.join(test2))
Generate a Python translation of this Java snippet without changing its computational steps.
import java.util.*; public class CocktailSort { public static void main(String[] args) { Integer[] array = new Integer[]{ 5, 1, -6, 12, 3, 13, 2, 4, 0, 15 }; System.out.println("before: " + Arrays.toString(array)); cocktailSort(array); System.out.println("after: " + Arrays.toString(array)); } public static void cocktailSort(Object[] array) { int begin = 0; int end = array.length; if (end == 0) return; for (--end; begin < end; ) { int new_begin = end; int new_end = begin; for (int i = begin; i < end; ++i) { Comparable c1 = (Comparable)array[i]; Comparable c2 = (Comparable)array[i + 1]; if (c1.compareTo(c2) > 0) { swap(array, i, i + 1); new_end = i; } } end = new_end; for (int i = end; i > begin; --i) { Comparable c1 = (Comparable)array[i - 1]; Comparable c2 = (Comparable)array[i]; if (c1.compareTo(c2) > 0) { swap(array, i, i - 1); new_begin = i; } } begin = new_begin; } } private static void swap(Object[] array, int i, int j) { Object tmp = array[i]; array[i] = array[j]; array[j] = tmp; } }
def cocktailshiftingbounds(A): beginIdx = 0 endIdx = len(A) - 1 while beginIdx <= endIdx: newBeginIdx = endIdx newEndIdx = beginIdx for ii in range(beginIdx,endIdx): if A[ii] > A[ii + 1]: A[ii+1], A[ii] = A[ii], A[ii+1] newEndIdx = ii endIdx = newEndIdx for ii in range(endIdx,beginIdx-1,-1): if A[ii] > A[ii + 1]: A[ii+1], A[ii] = A[ii], A[ii+1] newBeginIdx = ii beginIdx = newBeginIdx + 1 test1 = [7, 6, 5, 9, 8, 4, 3, 1, 2, 0] cocktailshiftingbounds(test1) print(test1) test2=list('big fjords vex quick waltz nymph') cocktailshiftingbounds(test2) print(''.join(test2))
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from Java to Python, same semantics.
import java.awt.*; import javax.swing.*; public class Pendulum extends JPanel implements Runnable { private double angle = Math.PI / 2; private int length; public Pendulum(int length) { this.length = length; setDoubleBuffered(true); } @Override public void paint(Graphics g) { g.setColor(Color.WHITE); g.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight()); g.setColor(Color.BLACK); int anchorX = getWidth() / 2, anchorY = getHeight() / 4; int ballX = anchorX + (int) (Math.sin(angle) * length); int ballY = anchorY + (int) (Math.cos(angle) * length); g.drawLine(anchorX, anchorY, ballX, ballY); g.fillOval(anchorX - 3, anchorY - 4, 7, 7); g.fillOval(ballX - 7, ballY - 7, 14, 14); } public void run() { double angleAccel, angleVelocity = 0, dt = 0.1; while (true) { angleAccel = -9.81 / length * Math.sin(angle); angleVelocity += angleAccel * dt; angle += angleVelocity * dt; repaint(); try { Thread.sleep(15); } catch (InterruptedException ex) {} } } @Override public Dimension getPreferredSize() { return new Dimension(2 * length + 50, length / 2 * 3); } public static void main(String[] args) { JFrame f = new JFrame("Pendulum"); Pendulum p = new Pendulum(200); f.add(p); f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); f.pack(); f.setVisible(true); new Thread(p).start(); } }
import pygame, sys from pygame.locals import * from math import sin, cos, radians pygame.init() WINDOWSIZE = 250 TIMETICK = 100 BOBSIZE = 15 window = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOWSIZE, WINDOWSIZE)) pygame.display.set_caption("Pendulum") screen = pygame.display.get_surface() screen.fill((255,255,255)) PIVOT = (WINDOWSIZE/2, WINDOWSIZE/10) SWINGLENGTH = PIVOT[1]*4 class BobMass(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.theta = 45 self.dtheta = 0 self.rect = pygame.Rect(PIVOT[0]-SWINGLENGTH*cos(radians(self.theta)), PIVOT[1]+SWINGLENGTH*sin(radians(self.theta)), 1,1) self.draw() def recomputeAngle(self): scaling = 3000.0/(SWINGLENGTH**2) firstDDtheta = -sin(radians(self.theta))*scaling midDtheta = self.dtheta + firstDDtheta midtheta = self.theta + (self.dtheta + midDtheta)/2.0 midDDtheta = -sin(radians(midtheta))*scaling midDtheta = self.dtheta + (firstDDtheta + midDDtheta)/2 midtheta = self.theta + (self.dtheta + midDtheta)/2 midDDtheta = -sin(radians(midtheta)) * scaling lastDtheta = midDtheta + midDDtheta lasttheta = midtheta + (midDtheta + lastDtheta)/2.0 lastDDtheta = -sin(radians(lasttheta)) * scaling lastDtheta = midDtheta + (midDDtheta + lastDDtheta)/2.0 lasttheta = midtheta + (midDtheta + lastDtheta)/2.0 self.dtheta = lastDtheta self.theta = lasttheta self.rect = pygame.Rect(PIVOT[0]- SWINGLENGTH*sin(radians(self.theta)), PIVOT[1]+ SWINGLENGTH*cos(radians(self.theta)),1,1) def draw(self): pygame.draw.circle(screen, (0,0,0), PIVOT, 5, 0) pygame.draw.circle(screen, (0,0,0), self.rect.center, BOBSIZE, 0) pygame.draw.aaline(screen, (0,0,0), PIVOT, self.rect.center) pygame.draw.line(screen, (0,0,0), (0, PIVOT[1]), (WINDOWSIZE, PIVOT[1])) def update(self): self.recomputeAngle() screen.fill((255,255,255)) self.draw() bob = BobMass() TICK = USEREVENT + 2 pygame.time.set_timer(TICK, TIMETICK) def input(events): for event in events: if event.type == QUIT: sys.exit(0) elif event.type == TICK: bob.update() while True: input(pygame.event.get()) pygame.display.flip()
Write the same code in Python as shown below in Java.
public class Gray { public static long grayEncode(long n){ return n ^ (n >>> 1); } public static long grayDecode(long n) { long p = n; while ((n >>>= 1) != 0) p ^= n; return p; } public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.println("i\tBinary\tGray\tDecoded"); for(int i = -1; i < 32;i++){ System.out.print(i +"\t"); System.out.print(Integer.toBinaryString(i) + "\t"); System.out.print(Long.toBinaryString(grayEncode(i))+ "\t"); System.out.println(grayDecode(grayEncode(i))); } } }
>>> def int2bin(n): 'From positive integer to list of binary bits, msb at index 0' if n: bits = [] while n: n,remainder = divmod(n, 2) bits.insert(0, remainder) return bits else: return [0] >>> def bin2int(bits): 'From binary bits, msb at index 0 to integer' i = 0 for bit in bits: i = i * 2 + bit return i
Convert this Java snippet to Python and keep its semantics consistent.
public class Gray { public static long grayEncode(long n){ return n ^ (n >>> 1); } public static long grayDecode(long n) { long p = n; while ((n >>>= 1) != 0) p ^= n; return p; } public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.println("i\tBinary\tGray\tDecoded"); for(int i = -1; i < 32;i++){ System.out.print(i +"\t"); System.out.print(Integer.toBinaryString(i) + "\t"); System.out.print(Long.toBinaryString(grayEncode(i))+ "\t"); System.out.println(grayDecode(grayEncode(i))); } } }
>>> def int2bin(n): 'From positive integer to list of binary bits, msb at index 0' if n: bits = [] while n: n,remainder = divmod(n, 2) bits.insert(0, remainder) return bits else: return [0] >>> def bin2int(bits): 'From binary bits, msb at index 0 to integer' i = 0 for bit in bits: i = i * 2 + bit return i
Convert this Java block to Python, preserving its control flow and logic.
public class Gray { public static long grayEncode(long n){ return n ^ (n >>> 1); } public static long grayDecode(long n) { long p = n; while ((n >>>= 1) != 0) p ^= n; return p; } public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.println("i\tBinary\tGray\tDecoded"); for(int i = -1; i < 32;i++){ System.out.print(i +"\t"); System.out.print(Integer.toBinaryString(i) + "\t"); System.out.print(Long.toBinaryString(grayEncode(i))+ "\t"); System.out.println(grayDecode(grayEncode(i))); } } }
>>> def int2bin(n): 'From positive integer to list of binary bits, msb at index 0' if n: bits = [] while n: n,remainder = divmod(n, 2) bits.insert(0, remainder) return bits else: return [0] >>> def bin2int(bits): 'From binary bits, msb at index 0 to integer' i = 0 for bit in bits: i = i * 2 + bit return i
Generate an equivalent Python version of this Java code.
import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.nio.file.Path; import java.nio.file.Paths; import java.util.Collections; public class CreateFile { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { String os = System.getProperty("os.name"); if (os.contains("Windows")) { Path path = Paths.get("tape.file"); Files.write(path, Collections.singletonList("Hello World!")); } else { Path path = Paths.get("/dev/tape"); Files.write(path, Collections.singletonList("Hello World!")); } } }
>>> with open('/dev/tape', 'w') as t: t.write('Hi Tape!\n') ... >>>
Port the provided Java code into Python while preserving the original functionality.
public static void heapSort(int[] a){ int count = a.length; heapify(a, count); int end = count - 1; while(end > 0){ int tmp = a[end]; a[end] = a[0]; a[0] = tmp; siftDown(a, 0, end - 1); end--; } } public static void heapify(int[] a, int count){ int start = (count - 2) / 2; while(start >= 0){ siftDown(a, start, count - 1); start--; } } public static void siftDown(int[] a, int start, int end){ int root = start; while((root * 2 + 1) <= end){ int child = root * 2 + 1; if(child + 1 <= end && a[child] < a[child + 1]) child = child + 1; if(a[root] < a[child]){ int tmp = a[root]; a[root] = a[child]; a[child] = tmp; root = child; }else return; } }
def heapsort(lst): for start in range((len(lst)-2)/2, -1, -1): siftdown(lst, start, len(lst)-1) for end in range(len(lst)-1, 0, -1): lst[end], lst[0] = lst[0], lst[end] siftdown(lst, 0, end - 1) return lst def siftdown(lst, start, end): root = start while True: child = root * 2 + 1 if child > end: break if child + 1 <= end and lst[child] < lst[child + 1]: child += 1 if lst[root] < lst[child]: lst[root], lst[child] = lst[child], lst[root] root = child else: break
Convert this Java block to Python, preserving its control flow and logic.
public enum Pip { Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten, Jack, Queen, King, Ace }
import random class Card(object): suits = ("Clubs","Hearts","Spades","Diamonds") pips = ("2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10","Jack","Queen","King","Ace") def __init__(self, pip,suit): self.pip=pip self.suit=suit def __str__(self): return "%s %s"%(self.pip,self.suit) class Deck(object): def __init__(self): self.deck = [Card(pip,suit) for suit in Card.suits for pip in Card.pips] def __str__(self): return "[%s]"%", ".join( (str(card) for card in self.deck)) def shuffle(self): random.shuffle(self.deck) def deal(self): self.shuffle() return self.deck.pop(0)
Port the following code from Java to Python with equivalent syntax and logic.
Int[] literalArray = [1,2,3]; Int[] fixedLengthArray = new Int[10]; Int[] variableArray = new Int[]; assert literalArray.size == 3; Int n = literalArray[2]; fixedLengthArray[4] = 12345; fixedLengthArray += 6789; variableArray += 6789;
array = [] array.append(1) array.append(3) array[0] = 2 print array[0]
Write a version of this Java function in Python with identical behavior.
public static boolean inCarpet(long x, long y) { while (x!=0 && y!=0) { if (x % 3 == 1 && y % 3 == 1) return false; x /= 3; y /= 3; } return true; } public static void carpet(final int n) { final double power = Math.pow(3,n); for(long i = 0; i < power; i++) { for(long j = 0; j < power; j++) { System.out.print(inCarpet(i, j) ? "*" : " "); } System.out.println(); } }
def setup(): size(729, 729) fill(0) background(255) noStroke() rect(width / 3, height / 3, width / 3, width / 3) rectangles(width / 3, height / 3, width / 3) def rectangles(x, y, s): if s < 1: return xc, yc = x - s, y - s for row in range(3): for col in range(3): if not (row == 1 and col == 1): xx, yy = xc + row * s, yc + col * s delta = s / 3 rect(xx + delta, yy + delta, delta, delta) rectangles(xx + s / 3, yy + s / 3, s / 3)
Translate the given Java code snippet into Python without altering its behavior.
public class BogoSort { public static void main(String[] args) { int[] arr={4,5,6,0,7,8,9,1,2,3}; BogoSort now=new BogoSort(); System.out.print("Unsorted: "); now.display1D(arr); now.bogo(arr); System.out.print("Sorted: "); now.display1D(arr); } void bogo(int[] arr) { int shuffle=1; for(;!isSorted(arr);shuffle++) shuffle(arr); System.out.println("This took "+shuffle+" shuffles."); } void shuffle(int[] arr) { int i=arr.length-1; while(i>0) swap(arr,i--,(int)(Math.random()*i)); } void swap(int[] arr,int i,int j) { int temp=arr[i]; arr[i]=arr[j]; arr[j]=temp; } boolean isSorted(int[] arr) { for(int i=1;i<arr.length;i++) if(arr[i]<arr[i-1]) return false; return true; } void display1D(int[] arr) { for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++) System.out.print(arr[i]+" "); System.out.println(); } }
import random def bogosort(l): while not in_order(l): random.shuffle(l) return l def in_order(l): if not l: return True last = l[0] for x in l[1:]: if x < last: return False last = x return True
Rewrite the snippet below in Python so it works the same as the original Java code.
public class Euler { private static void euler (Callable f, double y0, int a, int b, int h) { int t = a; double y = y0; while (t < b) { System.out.println ("" + t + " " + y); t += h; y += h * f.compute (t, y); } System.out.println ("DONE"); } public static void main (String[] args) { Callable cooling = new Cooling (); int[] steps = {2, 5, 10}; for (int stepSize : steps) { System.out.println ("Step size: " + stepSize); euler (cooling, 100.0, 0, 100, stepSize); } } } interface Callable { public double compute (int time, double t); } class Cooling implements Callable { public double compute (int time, double t) { return -0.07 * (t - 20); } }
def euler(f,y0,a,b,h): t,y = a,y0 while t <= b: print "%6.3f %6.3f" % (t,y) t += h y += h * f(t,y) def newtoncooling(time, temp): return -0.07 * (temp - 20) euler(newtoncooling,100,0,100,10)
Change the following Java code into Python without altering its purpose.
public class SeqNonSquares { public static int nonsqr(int n) { return n + (int)Math.round(Math.sqrt(n)); } public static void main(String[] args) { for (int i = 1; i < 23; i++) System.out.print(nonsqr(i) + " "); System.out.println(); for (int i = 1; i < 1000000; i++) { double j = Math.sqrt(nonsqr(i)); assert j != Math.floor(j); } } }
>>> from math import floor, sqrt >>> def non_square(n): return n + floor(1/2 + sqrt(n)) >>> >>> print(*map(non_square, range(1, 23))) 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27 >>> >>> def is_square(n): return sqrt(n).is_integer() >>> non_squares = map(non_square, range(1, 10 ** 6)) >>> next(filter(is_square, non_squares)) StopIteration Traceback (most recent call last) <ipython-input-45-f32645fc1c0a> in <module>() 1 non_squares = map(non_square, range(1, 10 ** 6)) ----> 2 next(filter(is_square, non_squares)) StopIteration:
Generate an equivalent Python version of this Java code.
public static String Substring(String str, int n, int m){ return str.substring(n, n+m); } public static String Substring(String str, int n){ return str.substring(n); } public static String Substring(String str){ return str.substring(0, str.length()-1); } public static String Substring(String str, char c, int m){ return str.substring(str.indexOf(c), str.indexOf(c)+m+1); } public static String Substring(String str, String sub, int m){ return str.substring(str.indexOf(sub), str.indexOf(sub)+m+1); }
>>> s = 'abcdefgh' >>> n, m, char, chars = 2, 3, 'd', 'cd' >>> >>> s[n-1:n+m-1] 'bcd' >>> >>> s[n-1:] 'bcdefgh' >>> >>> s[:-1] 'abcdefg' >>> >>> indx = s.index(char) >>> s[indx:indx+m] 'def' >>> >>> indx = s.index(chars) >>> s[indx:indx+m] 'cde' >>>
Can you help me rewrite this code in Python instead of Java, keeping it the same logically?
public class JortSort { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(jortSort(new int[]{1, 2, 3})); } static boolean jortSort(int[] arr) { return true; } }
>>> def jortsort(sequence): return list(sequence) == sorted(sequence) >>> for data in [(1,2,4,3), (14,6,8), ['a', 'c'], ['s', 'u', 'x'], 'CVGH', 'PQRST']: print(f'jortsort({repr(data)}) is {jortsort(data)}') jortsort((1, 2, 4, 3)) is False jortsort((14, 6, 8)) is False jortsort(['a', 'c']) is True jortsort(['s', 'u', 'x']) is True jortsort('CVGH') is False jortsort('PQRST') is True >>>
Ensure the translated Python code behaves exactly like the original Java snippet.
import java.util.GregorianCalendar; import java.text.MessageFormat; public class Leapyear{ public static void main(String[] argv){ int[] yrs = {1800,1900,1994,1998,1999,2000,2001,2004,2100}; GregorianCalendar cal = new GregorianCalendar(); for(int year : yrs){ System.err.println(MessageFormat.format("The year {0,number,#} is leaper: {1} / {2}.", year, cal.isLeapYear(year), isLeapYear(year))); } } public static boolean isLeapYear(int year){ return (year % 100 == 0) ? (year % 400 == 0) : (year % 4 == 0); } }
import calendar calendar.isleap(year)
Can you help me rewrite this code in Python instead of Java, keeping it the same logically?
import java.math.BigInteger; public class CombinationsAndPermutations { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(Double.MAX_VALUE); System.out.println("A sample of permutations from 1 to 12 with exact Integer arithmetic:"); for ( int n = 1 ; n <= 12 ; n++ ) { int k = n / 2; System.out.printf("%d P %d = %s%n", n, k, permutation(n, k)); } System.out.println(); System.out.println("A sample of combinations from 10 to 60 with exact Integer arithmetic:"); for ( int n = 10 ; n <= 60 ; n += 5 ) { int k = n / 2; System.out.printf("%d C %d = %s%n", n, k, combination(n, k)); } System.out.println(); System.out.println("A sample of permutations from 5 to 15000 displayed in floating point arithmetic:"); System.out.printf("%d P %d = %s%n", 5, 2, display(permutation(5, 2), 50)); for ( int n = 1000 ; n <= 15000 ; n += 1000 ) { int k = n / 2; System.out.printf("%d P %d = %s%n", n, k, display(permutation(n, k), 50)); } System.out.println(); System.out.println("A sample of combinations from 100 to 1000 displayed in floating point arithmetic:"); for ( int n = 100 ; n <= 1000 ; n += 100 ) { int k = n / 2; System.out.printf("%d C %d = %s%n", n, k, display(combination(n, k), 50)); } } private static String display(BigInteger val, int precision) { String s = val.toString(); precision = Math.min(precision, s.length()); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.append(s.substring(0, 1)); sb.append("."); sb.append(s.substring(1, precision)); sb.append(" * 10^"); sb.append(s.length()-1); return sb.toString(); } public static BigInteger combination(int n, int k) { if ( n-k < k ) { k = n-k; } BigInteger result = permutation(n, k); while ( k > 0 ) { result = result.divide(BigInteger.valueOf(k)); k--; } return result; } public static BigInteger permutation(int n, int k) { BigInteger result = BigInteger.ONE; for ( int i = n ; i >= n-k+1 ; i-- ) { result = result.multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(i)); } return result; } }
from __future__ import print_function from scipy.misc import factorial as fact from scipy.misc import comb def perm(N, k, exact=0): return comb(N, k, exact) * fact(k, exact) exact=True print('Sample Perms 1..12') for N in range(1, 13): k = max(N-2, 1) print('%iP%i =' % (N, k), perm(N, k, exact), end=', ' if N % 5 else '\n') print('\n\nSample Combs 10..60') for N in range(10, 61, 10): k = N-2 print('%iC%i =' % (N, k), comb(N, k, exact), end=', ' if N % 50 else '\n') exact=False print('\n\nSample Perms 5..1500 Using FP approximations') for N in [5, 15, 150, 1500, 15000]: k = N-2 print('%iP%i =' % (N, k), perm(N, k, exact)) print('\nSample Combs 100..1000 Using FP approximations') for N in range(100, 1001, 100): k = N-2 print('%iC%i =' % (N, k), comb(N, k, exact))
Generate an equivalent Python version of this Java code.
import java.util.List; import java.util.stream.*; public class LexicographicalNumbers { static List<Integer> lexOrder(int n) { int first = 1, last = n; if (n < 1) { first = n; last = 1; } return IntStream.rangeClosed(first, last) .mapToObj(Integer::toString) .sorted() .map(Integer::valueOf) .collect(Collectors.toList()); } public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("In lexicographical order:\n"); int[] ints = {0, 5, 13, 21, -22}; for (int n : ints) { System.out.printf("%3d: %s\n", n, lexOrder(n)); } } }
n=13 print(sorted(range(1,n+1), key=str))
Write a version of this Java function in Python with identical behavior.
module NumberNames { void run() { @Inject Console console; Int[] tests = [0, 1, -1, 11, -17, 42, 99, 100, 101, -111, 1000, 1234, 10000, 100000, 123456789000, 0x123456789ABCDEF]; for (Int test : tests) { console.print($"{test} = {toEnglish(test)}"); } } static String[] digits = ["zero", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine"]; static String[] teens = ["ten", "eleven", "twelve", "thirteen", "fourteen", "fifteen", "sixteen", "seventeen", "eighteen", "nineteen"]; static String[] tens = ["zero", "ten", "twenty", "thirty", "forty", "fifty", "sixty", "seventy", "eighty", "ninety"]; static String[] ten3rd = ["?", "thousand", "million", "billion", "trillion", "quadrillion", "quintillion"]; static String toEnglish(Int n) { StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(); if (n < 0) { "negative ".appendTo(buf); n = -n; } format3digits(n, buf); return buf.toString(); } static void format3digits(Int n, StringBuffer buf, Int nested=0) { (Int left, Int right) = n /% 1000; if (left != 0) { format3digits(left, buf, nested+1); } if (right != 0 || (left == 0 && nested==0)) { if (right >= 100) { (left, right) = (right /% 100); digits[left].appendTo(buf); " hundred ".appendTo(buf); if (right != 0) { format2digits(right, buf); } } else { format2digits(right, buf); } if (nested > 0) { ten3rd[nested].appendTo(buf).add(' '); } } } static void format2digits(Int n, StringBuffer buf) { switch (n) { case 0..9: digits[n].appendTo(buf).add(' '); break; case 10..19: teens[n-10].appendTo(buf).add(' '); break; default: (Int left, Int right) = n /% 10; tens[left].appendTo(buf); if (right == 0) { buf.add(' '); } else { buf.add('-'); digits[right].appendTo(buf).add(' '); } break; } } }
TENS = [None, None, "twenty", "thirty", "forty", "fifty", "sixty", "seventy", "eighty", "ninety"] SMALL = ["zero", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine", "ten", "eleven", "twelve", "thirteen", "fourteen", "fifteen", "sixteen", "seventeen", "eighteen", "nineteen"] HUGE = [None, None] + [h + "illion" for h in ("m", "b", "tr", "quadr", "quint", "sext", "sept", "oct", "non", "dec")] def nonzero(c, n, connect=''): return "" if n == 0 else connect + c + spell_integer(n) def last_and(num): if ',' in num: pre, last = num.rsplit(',', 1) if ' and ' not in last: last = ' and' + last num = ''.join([pre, ',', last]) return num def big(e, n): if e == 0: return spell_integer(n) elif e == 1: return spell_integer(n) + " thousand" else: return spell_integer(n) + " " + HUGE[e] def base1000_rev(n): while n != 0: n, r = divmod(n, 1000) yield r def spell_integer(n): if n < 0: return "minus " + spell_integer(-n) elif n < 20: return SMALL[n] elif n < 100: a, b = divmod(n, 10) return TENS[a] + nonzero("-", b) elif n < 1000: a, b = divmod(n, 100) return SMALL[a] + " hundred" + nonzero(" ", b, ' and') else: num = ", ".join([big(e, x) for e, x in enumerate(base1000_rev(n)) if x][::-1]) return last_and(num) if __name__ == '__main__': for n in (0, -3, 5, -7, 11, -13, 17, -19, 23, -29): print('%+4i -> %s' % (n, spell_integer(n))) print('') n = 201021002001 while n: print('%-12i -> %s' % (n, spell_integer(n))) n //= -10 print('%-12i -> %s' % (n, spell_integer(n))) print('')
Write the same algorithm in Python as shown in this Java implementation.
module NumberNames { void run() { @Inject Console console; Int[] tests = [0, 1, -1, 11, -17, 42, 99, 100, 101, -111, 1000, 1234, 10000, 100000, 123456789000, 0x123456789ABCDEF]; for (Int test : tests) { console.print($"{test} = {toEnglish(test)}"); } } static String[] digits = ["zero", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine"]; static String[] teens = ["ten", "eleven", "twelve", "thirteen", "fourteen", "fifteen", "sixteen", "seventeen", "eighteen", "nineteen"]; static String[] tens = ["zero", "ten", "twenty", "thirty", "forty", "fifty", "sixty", "seventy", "eighty", "ninety"]; static String[] ten3rd = ["?", "thousand", "million", "billion", "trillion", "quadrillion", "quintillion"]; static String toEnglish(Int n) { StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(); if (n < 0) { "negative ".appendTo(buf); n = -n; } format3digits(n, buf); return buf.toString(); } static void format3digits(Int n, StringBuffer buf, Int nested=0) { (Int left, Int right) = n /% 1000; if (left != 0) { format3digits(left, buf, nested+1); } if (right != 0 || (left == 0 && nested==0)) { if (right >= 100) { (left, right) = (right /% 100); digits[left].appendTo(buf); " hundred ".appendTo(buf); if (right != 0) { format2digits(right, buf); } } else { format2digits(right, buf); } if (nested > 0) { ten3rd[nested].appendTo(buf).add(' '); } } } static void format2digits(Int n, StringBuffer buf) { switch (n) { case 0..9: digits[n].appendTo(buf).add(' '); break; case 10..19: teens[n-10].appendTo(buf).add(' '); break; default: (Int left, Int right) = n /% 10; tens[left].appendTo(buf); if (right == 0) { buf.add(' '); } else { buf.add('-'); digits[right].appendTo(buf).add(' '); } break; } } }
TENS = [None, None, "twenty", "thirty", "forty", "fifty", "sixty", "seventy", "eighty", "ninety"] SMALL = ["zero", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine", "ten", "eleven", "twelve", "thirteen", "fourteen", "fifteen", "sixteen", "seventeen", "eighteen", "nineteen"] HUGE = [None, None] + [h + "illion" for h in ("m", "b", "tr", "quadr", "quint", "sext", "sept", "oct", "non", "dec")] def nonzero(c, n, connect=''): return "" if n == 0 else connect + c + spell_integer(n) def last_and(num): if ',' in num: pre, last = num.rsplit(',', 1) if ' and ' not in last: last = ' and' + last num = ''.join([pre, ',', last]) return num def big(e, n): if e == 0: return spell_integer(n) elif e == 1: return spell_integer(n) + " thousand" else: return spell_integer(n) + " " + HUGE[e] def base1000_rev(n): while n != 0: n, r = divmod(n, 1000) yield r def spell_integer(n): if n < 0: return "minus " + spell_integer(-n) elif n < 20: return SMALL[n] elif n < 100: a, b = divmod(n, 10) return TENS[a] + nonzero("-", b) elif n < 1000: a, b = divmod(n, 100) return SMALL[a] + " hundred" + nonzero(" ", b, ' and') else: num = ", ".join([big(e, x) for e, x in enumerate(base1000_rev(n)) if x][::-1]) return last_and(num) if __name__ == '__main__': for n in (0, -3, 5, -7, 11, -13, 17, -19, 23, -29): print('%+4i -> %s' % (n, spell_integer(n))) print('') n = 201021002001 while n: print('%-12i -> %s' % (n, spell_integer(n))) n //= -10 print('%-12i -> %s' % (n, spell_integer(n))) print('')
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in Python.
package stringlensort; import java.io.PrintStream; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Comparator; public class ReportStringLengths { public static void main(String[] args) { String[] list = {"abcd", "123456789", "abcdef", "1234567"}; String[] strings = args.length > 0 ? args : list; compareAndReportStringsLength(strings); } public static void compareAndReportStringsLength(String[] strings) { compareAndReportStringsLength(strings, System.out); } public static void compareAndReportStringsLength(String[] strings, PrintStream stream) { if (strings.length > 0) { strings = strings.clone(); final String QUOTE = "\""; Arrays.sort(strings, Comparator.comparing(String::length)); int min = strings[0].length(); int max = strings[strings.length - 1].length(); for (int i = strings.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) { int length = strings[i].length(); String predicate; if (length == max) { predicate = "is the longest string"; } else if (length == min) { predicate = "is the shortest string"; } else { predicate = "is neither the longest nor the shortest string"; } stream.println(QUOTE + strings[i] + QUOTE + " has length " + length + " and " + predicate); } } } }
A = 'I am string' B = 'I am string too' if len(A) > len(B): print('"' + A + '"', 'has length', len(A), 'and is the longest of the two strings') print('"' + B + '"', 'has length', len(B), 'and is the shortest of the two strings') elif len(A) < len(B): print('"' + B + '"', 'has length', len(B), 'and is the longest of the two strings') print('"' + A + '"', 'has length', len(A), 'and is the shortest of the two strings') else: print('"' + A + '"', 'has length', len(A), 'and it is as long as the second string') print('"' + B + '"', 'has length', len(B), 'and it is as long as the second string')
Ensure the translated Python code behaves exactly like the original Java snippet.
public static void shell(int[] a) { int increment = a.length / 2; while (increment > 0) { for (int i = increment; i < a.length; i++) { int j = i; int temp = a[i]; while (j >= increment && a[j - increment] > temp) { a[j] = a[j - increment]; j = j - increment; } a[j] = temp; } if (increment == 2) { increment = 1; } else { increment *= (5.0 / 11); } } }
def shell(seq): inc = len(seq) // 2 while inc: for i, el in enumerate(seq[inc:], inc): while i >= inc and seq[i - inc] > el: seq[i] = seq[i - inc] i -= inc seq[i] = el inc = 1 if inc == 2 else inc * 5 // 11
Generate an equivalent Python version of this Java code.
import java.util.LinkedList; public class DoublyLinkedList { public static void main(String[] args) { LinkedList<String> list = new LinkedList<String>(); list.addFirst("Add First"); list.addLast("Add Last 1"); list.addLast("Add Last 2"); list.addLast("Add Last 1"); traverseList(list); list.removeFirstOccurrence("Add Last 1"); traverseList(list); } private static void traverseList(LinkedList<String> list) { System.out.println("Traverse List:"); for ( int i = 0 ; i < list.size() ; i++ ) { System.out.printf("Element number %d - Element value = '%s'%n", i, list.get(i)); } System.out.println(); } }
from collections import deque some_list = deque(["a", "b", "c"]) print(some_list) some_list.appendleft("Z") print(some_list) for value in reversed(some_list): print(value)
Please provide an equivalent version of this Java code in Python.
import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Arrays; public class LetterFreq { public static int[] countLetters(String filename) throws IOException{ int[] freqs = new int[26]; BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(filename)); String line; while((line = in.readLine()) != null){ line = line.toUpperCase(); for(char ch:line.toCharArray()){ if(Character.isLetter(ch)){ freqs[ch - 'A']++; } } } in.close(); return freqs; } public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{ System.out.println(Arrays.toString(countLetters("filename.txt"))); } }
import collections, sys def filecharcount(openfile): return sorted(collections.Counter(c for l in openfile for c in l).items()) f = open(sys.argv[1]) print(filecharcount(f))
Port the provided Java code into Python while preserving the original functionality.
public class PermutationTest { private static final int[] data = new int[]{ 85, 88, 75, 66, 25, 29, 83, 39, 97, 68, 41, 10, 49, 16, 65, 32, 92, 28, 98 }; private static int pick(int at, int remain, int accu, int treat) { if (remain == 0) return (accu > treat) ? 1 : 0; return pick(at - 1, remain - 1, accu + data[at - 1], treat) + ((at > remain) ? pick(at - 1, remain, accu, treat) : 0); } public static void main(String[] args) { int treat = 0; double total = 1.0; for (int i = 0; i <= 8; ++i) { treat += data[i]; } for (int i = 19; i >= 11; --i) { total *= i; } for (int i = 9; i >= 1; --i) { total /= i; } int gt = pick(19, 9, 0, treat); int le = (int) (total - gt); System.out.printf("<= : %f%% %d\n", 100.0 * le / total, le); System.out.printf(" > : %f%% %d\n", 100.0 * gt / total, gt); } }
from itertools import combinations as comb def statistic(ab, a): sumab, suma = sum(ab), sum(a) return ( suma / len(a) - (sumab -suma) / (len(ab) - len(a)) ) def permutationTest(a, b): ab = a + b Tobs = statistic(ab, a) under = 0 for count, perm in enumerate(comb(ab, len(a)), 1): if statistic(ab, perm) <= Tobs: under += 1 return under * 100. / count treatmentGroup = [85, 88, 75, 66, 25, 29, 83, 39, 97] controlGroup = [68, 41, 10, 49, 16, 65, 32, 92, 28, 98] under = permutationTest(treatmentGroup, controlGroup) print("under=%.2f%%, over=%.2f%%" % (under, 100. - under))
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in Python.
public class MöbiusFunction { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.printf("First 199 terms of the möbius function are as follows:%n "); for ( int n = 1 ; n < 200 ; n++ ) { System.out.printf("%2d ", möbiusFunction(n)); if ( (n+1) % 20 == 0 ) { System.out.printf("%n"); } } } private static int MU_MAX = 1_000_000; private static int[] MU = null; private static int möbiusFunction(int n) { if ( MU != null ) { return MU[n]; } MU = new int[MU_MAX+1]; int sqrt = (int) Math.sqrt(MU_MAX); for ( int i = 0 ; i < MU_MAX ; i++ ) { MU[i] = 1; } for ( int i = 2 ; i <= sqrt ; i++ ) { if ( MU[i] == 1 ) { for ( int j = i ; j <= MU_MAX ; j += i ) { MU[j] *= -i; } for ( int j = i*i ; j <= MU_MAX ; j += i*i ) { MU[j] = 0; } } } for ( int i = 2 ; i <= MU_MAX ; i++ ) { if ( MU[i] == i ) { MU[i] = 1; } else if ( MU[i] == -i ) { MU[i] = -1; } else if ( MU[i] < 0 ) { MU[i] = 1; } else if ( MU[i] > 0 ) { MU[i] = -1; } } return MU[n]; } }
def isPrime(n) : if (n < 2) : return False for i in range(2, n + 1) : if (i * i <= n and n % i == 0) : return False return True def mobius(N) : if (N == 1) : return 1 p = 0 for i in range(1, N + 1) : if (N % i == 0 and isPrime(i)) : if (N % (i * i) == 0) : return 0 else : p = p + 1 if(p % 2 != 0) : return -1 else : return 1 print("Mobius numbers from 1..99:") for i in range(1, 100): print(f"{mobius(i):>4}", end = '') if i % 20 == 0: print()
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from Java to Python, same semantics.
String s = "12345"; IntLiteral lit1 = new IntLiteral(s); IntLiteral lit2 = 6789; ++lit1; ++lit2;
next = str(int('123') + 1)
Can you help me rewrite this code in Python instead of Java, keeping it the same logically?
class StripChars { public static String stripChars(String inString, String toStrip) { return inString.replaceAll("[" + toStrip + "]", ""); } public static void main(String[] args) { String sentence = "She was a soul stripper. She took my heart!"; String chars = "aei"; System.out.println("sentence: " + sentence); System.out.println("to strip: " + chars); System.out.println("stripped: " + stripChars(sentence, chars)); } }
>>> def stripchars(s, chars): ... return s.translate(None, chars) ... >>> stripchars("She was a soul stripper. She took my heart!", "aei") 'Sh ws soul strppr. Sh took my hrt!'
Convert this Java block to Python, preserving its control flow and logic.
import java.util.List; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; public class PermutationSort { public static void main(String[] args) { int[] a={3,2,1,8,9,4,6}; System.out.println("Unsorted: " + Arrays.toString(a)); a=pSort(a); System.out.println("Sorted: " + Arrays.toString(a)); } public static int[] pSort(int[] a) { List<int[]> list=new ArrayList<int[]>(); permute(a,a.length,list); for(int[] x : list) if(isSorted(x)) return x; return a; } private static void permute(int[] a, int n, List<int[]> list) { if (n == 1) { int[] b=new int[a.length]; System.arraycopy(a, 0, b, 0, a.length); list.add(b); return; } for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { swap(a, i, n-1); permute(a, n-1, list); swap(a, i, n-1); } } private static boolean isSorted(int[] a) { for(int i=1;i<a.length;i++) if(a[i-1]>a[i]) return false; return true; } private static void swap(int[] arr,int i, int j) { int temp=arr[i]; arr[i]=arr[j]; arr[j]=temp; } }
from itertools import permutations in_order = lambda s: all(x <= s[i+1] for i,x in enumerate(s[:-1])) perm_sort = lambda s: (p for p in permutations(s) if in_order(p)).next()
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Java to Python.
public static double avg(double... arr) { double sum = 0.0; for (double x : arr) { sum += x; } return sum / arr.length; }
from math import fsum def average(x): return fsum(x)/float(len(x)) if x else 0 print (average([0,0,3,1,4,1,5,9,0,0])) print (average([1e20,-1e-20,3,1,4,1,5,9,-1e20,1e-20]))
Translate the given Java code snippet into Python without altering its behavior.
import java.util.*; public class Abbreviations { public static void main(String[] args) { CommandList commands = new CommandList(commandTable); String input = "riG rePEAT copies put mo rest types fup. 6 poweRin"; System.out.println(" input: " + input); System.out.println("output: " + test(commands, input)); } private static String test(CommandList commands, String input) { StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder(); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(input); while (scanner.hasNext()) { String word = scanner.next(); if (output.length() > 0) output.append(' '); Command cmd = commands.findCommand(word); if (cmd != null) output.append(cmd.cmd); else output.append("*error*"); } return output.toString(); } private static String commandTable = "add 1 alter 3 backup 2 bottom 1 Cappend 2 change 1 Schange Cinsert 2 Clast 3 " + "compress 4 copy 2 count 3 Coverlay 3 cursor 3 delete 3 Cdelete 2 down 1 duplicate " + "3 xEdit 1 expand 3 extract 3 find 1 Nfind 2 Nfindup 6 NfUP 3 Cfind 2 findUP 3 fUP 2 " + "forward 2 get help 1 hexType 4 input 1 powerInput 3 join 1 split 2 spltJOIN load " + "locate 1 Clocate 2 lowerCase 3 upperCase 3 Lprefix 2 macro merge 2 modify 3 move 2 " + "msg next 1 overlay 1 parse preserve 4 purge 3 put putD query 1 quit read recover 3 " + "refresh renum 3 repeat 3 replace 1 Creplace 2 reset 3 restore 4 rgtLEFT right 2 left " + "2 save set shift 2 si sort sos stack 3 status 4 top transfer 3 type 1 up 1"; private static class Command { private Command(String cmd, int minLength) { this.cmd = cmd; this.minLength = minLength; } private boolean match(String str) { int olen = str.length(); return olen >= minLength && olen <= cmd.length() && cmd.regionMatches(true, 0, str, 0, olen); } private String cmd; private int minLength; } private static Integer parseInteger(String word) { try { return Integer.valueOf(word); } catch (NumberFormatException ex) { return null; } } private static class CommandList { private CommandList(String table) { Scanner scanner = new Scanner(table); List<String> words = new ArrayList<>(); while (scanner.hasNext()) { String word = scanner.next(); words.add(word.toUpperCase()); } for (int i = 0, n = words.size(); i < n; ++i) { String word = words.get(i); int len = word.length(); if (i + 1 < n) { Integer number = parseInteger(words.get(i + 1)); if (number != null) { len = number.intValue(); ++i; } } commands.add(new Command(word, len)); } } private Command findCommand(String word) { for (Command command : commands) { if (command.match(word)) return command; } return null; } private List<Command> commands = new ArrayList<>(); } }
command_table_text = user_words = "riG rePEAT copies put mo rest types fup. 6 poweRin" def find_abbreviations_length(command_table_text): command_table = dict() input_iter = iter(command_table_text.split()) word = None try: while True: if word is None: word = next(input_iter) abbr_len = next(input_iter, len(word)) try: command_table[word] = int(abbr_len) word = None except ValueError: command_table[word] = len(word) word = abbr_len except StopIteration: pass return command_table def find_abbreviations(command_table): abbreviations = dict() for command, min_abbr_len in command_table.items(): for l in range(min_abbr_len, len(command)+1): abbr = command[:l].lower() abbreviations[abbr] = command.upper() return abbreviations def parse_user_string(user_string, abbreviations): user_words = [word.lower() for word in user_string.split()] commands = [abbreviations.get(user_word, "*error*") for user_word in user_words] return " ".join(commands) command_table = find_abbreviations_length(command_table_text) abbreviations_table = find_abbreviations(command_table) full_words = parse_user_string(user_words, abbreviations_table) print("user words:", user_words) print("full words:", full_words)
Write a version of this Java function in Python with identical behavior.
import java.util.*; public class Abbreviations { public static void main(String[] args) { CommandList commands = new CommandList(commandTable); String input = "riG rePEAT copies put mo rest types fup. 6 poweRin"; System.out.println(" input: " + input); System.out.println("output: " + test(commands, input)); } private static String test(CommandList commands, String input) { StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder(); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(input); while (scanner.hasNext()) { String word = scanner.next(); if (output.length() > 0) output.append(' '); Command cmd = commands.findCommand(word); if (cmd != null) output.append(cmd.cmd); else output.append("*error*"); } return output.toString(); } private static String commandTable = "add 1 alter 3 backup 2 bottom 1 Cappend 2 change 1 Schange Cinsert 2 Clast 3 " + "compress 4 copy 2 count 3 Coverlay 3 cursor 3 delete 3 Cdelete 2 down 1 duplicate " + "3 xEdit 1 expand 3 extract 3 find 1 Nfind 2 Nfindup 6 NfUP 3 Cfind 2 findUP 3 fUP 2 " + "forward 2 get help 1 hexType 4 input 1 powerInput 3 join 1 split 2 spltJOIN load " + "locate 1 Clocate 2 lowerCase 3 upperCase 3 Lprefix 2 macro merge 2 modify 3 move 2 " + "msg next 1 overlay 1 parse preserve 4 purge 3 put putD query 1 quit read recover 3 " + "refresh renum 3 repeat 3 replace 1 Creplace 2 reset 3 restore 4 rgtLEFT right 2 left " + "2 save set shift 2 si sort sos stack 3 status 4 top transfer 3 type 1 up 1"; private static class Command { private Command(String cmd, int minLength) { this.cmd = cmd; this.minLength = minLength; } private boolean match(String str) { int olen = str.length(); return olen >= minLength && olen <= cmd.length() && cmd.regionMatches(true, 0, str, 0, olen); } private String cmd; private int minLength; } private static Integer parseInteger(String word) { try { return Integer.valueOf(word); } catch (NumberFormatException ex) { return null; } } private static class CommandList { private CommandList(String table) { Scanner scanner = new Scanner(table); List<String> words = new ArrayList<>(); while (scanner.hasNext()) { String word = scanner.next(); words.add(word.toUpperCase()); } for (int i = 0, n = words.size(); i < n; ++i) { String word = words.get(i); int len = word.length(); if (i + 1 < n) { Integer number = parseInteger(words.get(i + 1)); if (number != null) { len = number.intValue(); ++i; } } commands.add(new Command(word, len)); } } private Command findCommand(String word) { for (Command command : commands) { if (command.match(word)) return command; } return null; } private List<Command> commands = new ArrayList<>(); } }
command_table_text = user_words = "riG rePEAT copies put mo rest types fup. 6 poweRin" def find_abbreviations_length(command_table_text): command_table = dict() input_iter = iter(command_table_text.split()) word = None try: while True: if word is None: word = next(input_iter) abbr_len = next(input_iter, len(word)) try: command_table[word] = int(abbr_len) word = None except ValueError: command_table[word] = len(word) word = abbr_len except StopIteration: pass return command_table def find_abbreviations(command_table): abbreviations = dict() for command, min_abbr_len in command_table.items(): for l in range(min_abbr_len, len(command)+1): abbr = command[:l].lower() abbreviations[abbr] = command.upper() return abbreviations def parse_user_string(user_string, abbreviations): user_words = [word.lower() for word in user_string.split()] commands = [abbreviations.get(user_word, "*error*") for user_word in user_words] return " ".join(commands) command_table = find_abbreviations_length(command_table_text) abbreviations_table = find_abbreviations(command_table) full_words = parse_user_string(user_words, abbreviations_table) print("user words:", user_words) print("full words:", full_words)
Translate the given Java code snippet into Python without altering its behavior.
import java.lang.Math; import java.util.Map; import java.util.HashMap; public class REntropy { @SuppressWarnings("boxing") public static double getShannonEntropy(String s) { int n = 0; Map<Character, Integer> occ = new HashMap<>(); for (int c_ = 0; c_ < s.length(); ++c_) { char cx = s.charAt(c_); if (occ.containsKey(cx)) { occ.put(cx, occ.get(cx) + 1); } else { occ.put(cx, 1); } ++n; } double e = 0.0; for (Map.Entry<Character, Integer> entry : occ.entrySet()) { char cx = entry.getKey(); double p = (double) entry.getValue() / n; e += p * log2(p); } return -e; } private static double log2(double a) { return Math.log(a) / Math.log(2); } public static void main(String[] args) { String[] sstr = { "1223334444", "1223334444555555555", "122333", "1227774444", "aaBBcccDDDD", "1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", "Rosetta Code", }; for (String ss : sstr) { double entropy = REntropy.getShannonEntropy(ss); System.out.printf("Shannon entropy of %40s: %.12f%n", "\"" + ss + "\"", entropy); } return; } }
from __future__ import division import math def hist(source): hist = {}; l = 0; for e in source: l += 1 if e not in hist: hist[e] = 0 hist[e] += 1 return (l,hist) def entropy(hist,l): elist = [] for v in hist.values(): c = v / l elist.append(-c * math.log(c ,2)) return sum(elist) def printHist(h): flip = lambda (k,v) : (v,k) h = sorted(h.iteritems(), key = flip) print 'Sym\thi\tfi\tInf' for (k,v) in h: print '%s\t%f\t%f\t%f'%(k,v,v/l,-math.log(v/l, 2)) source = "1223334444" (l,h) = hist(source); print '.[Results].' print 'Length',l print 'Entropy:', entropy(h, l) printHist(h)
Convert this Java snippet to Python and keep its semantics consistent.
import java.util.*; public class TokenizeStringWithEscaping { public static void main(String[] args) { String sample = "one^|uno||three^^^^|four^^^|^cuatro|"; char separator = '|'; char escape = '^'; System.out.println(sample); try { System.out.println(tokenizeString(sample, separator, escape)); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e); } } public static List<String> tokenizeString(String s, char sep, char escape) throws Exception { List<String> tokens = new ArrayList<>(); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); boolean inEscape = false; for (char c : s.toCharArray()) { if (inEscape) { inEscape = false; } else if (c == escape) { inEscape = true; continue; } else if (c == sep) { tokens.add(sb.toString()); sb.setLength(0); continue; } sb.append(c); } if (inEscape) throw new Exception("Invalid terminal escape"); tokens.add(sb.toString()); return tokens; } }
def token_with_escape(a, escape = '^', separator = '|'): result = [] token = '' state = 0 for c in a: if state == 0: if c == escape: state = 1 elif c == separator: result.append(token) token = '' else: token += c elif state == 1: token += c state = 0 result.append(token) return result
Rewrite the snippet below in Python so it works the same as the original Java code.
module HelloWorld { void run() { @Inject Console console; console.print("Hello World!"); } }
print "Hello world!"
Translate this program into Python but keep the logic exactly as in Java.
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class SexyPrimes { public static void main(String[] args) { sieve(); int pairs = 0; List<String> pairList = new ArrayList<>(); int triples = 0; List<String> tripleList = new ArrayList<>(); int quadruplets = 0; List<String> quadrupletList = new ArrayList<>(); int unsexyCount = 1; List<String> unsexyList = new ArrayList<>(); for ( int i = 3 ; i < MAX ; i++ ) { if ( i-6 >= 3 && primes[i-6] && primes[i] ) { pairs++; pairList.add((i-6) + " " + i); if ( pairList.size() > 5 ) { pairList.remove(0); } } else if ( i < MAX-2 && primes[i] && ! (i+6<MAX && primes[i] && primes[i+6])) { unsexyCount++; unsexyList.add("" + i); if ( unsexyList.size() > 10 ) { unsexyList.remove(0); } } if ( i-12 >= 3 && primes[i-12] && primes[i-6] && primes[i] ) { triples++; tripleList.add((i-12) + " " + (i-6) + " " + i); if ( tripleList.size() > 5 ) { tripleList.remove(0); } } if ( i-16 >= 3 && primes[i-18] && primes[i-12] && primes[i-6] && primes[i] ) { quadruplets++; quadrupletList.add((i-18) + " " + (i-12) + " " + (i-6) + " " + i); if ( quadrupletList.size() > 5 ) { quadrupletList.remove(0); } } } System.out.printf("Count of sexy triples less than %,d = %,d%n", MAX, pairs); System.out.printf("The last 5 sexy pairs:%n %s%n%n", pairList.toString().replaceAll(", ", "], [")); System.out.printf("Count of sexy triples less than %,d = %,d%n", MAX, triples); System.out.printf("The last 5 sexy triples:%n %s%n%n", tripleList.toString().replaceAll(", ", "], [")); System.out.printf("Count of sexy quadruplets less than %,d = %,d%n", MAX, quadruplets); System.out.printf("The last 5 sexy quadruplets:%n %s%n%n", quadrupletList.toString().replaceAll(", ", "], [")); System.out.printf("Count of unsexy primes less than %,d = %,d%n", MAX, unsexyCount); System.out.printf("The last 10 unsexy primes:%n %s%n%n", unsexyList.toString().replaceAll(", ", "], [")); } private static int MAX = 1_000_035; private static boolean[] primes = new boolean[MAX]; private static final void sieve() { for ( int i = 2 ; i < MAX ; i++ ) { primes[i] = true; } for ( int i = 2 ; i < MAX ; i++ ) { if ( primes[i] ) { for ( int j = 2*i ; j < MAX ; j += i ) { primes[j] = false; } } } } }
LIMIT = 1_000_035 def primes2(limit=LIMIT): if limit < 2: return [] if limit < 3: return [2] lmtbf = (limit - 3) // 2 buf = [True] * (lmtbf + 1) for i in range((int(limit ** 0.5) - 3) // 2 + 1): if buf[i]: p = i + i + 3 s = p * (i + 1) + i buf[s::p] = [False] * ((lmtbf - s) // p + 1) return [2] + [i + i + 3 for i, v in enumerate(buf) if v] primes = primes2(LIMIT +6) primeset = set(primes) primearray = [n in primeset for n in range(LIMIT)] s = [[] for x in range(4)] unsexy = [] for p in primes: if p > LIMIT: break if p + 6 in primeset and p + 6 < LIMIT: s[0].append((p, p+6)) elif p + 6 in primeset: break else: if p - 6 not in primeset: unsexy.append(p) continue if p + 12 in primeset and p + 12 < LIMIT: s[1].append((p, p+6, p+12)) else: continue if p + 18 in primeset and p + 18 < LIMIT: s[2].append((p, p+6, p+12, p+18)) else: continue if p + 24 in primeset and p + 24 < LIMIT: s[3].append((p, p+6, p+12, p+18, p+24)) print('"SEXY" PRIME GROUPINGS:') for sexy, name in zip(s, 'pairs triplets quadruplets quintuplets'.split()): print(f' {len(sexy)} {na (not isPrime(n-6))))) |> Array.ofSeq printfn "There are %d unsexy primes less than 1,000,035. The last 10 are:" n.Length Array.skip (n.Length-10) n |> Array.iter(fun n->printf "%d " n); printfn "" let ni=pCache |> Seq.takeWhile(fun n->nme} ending with ...') for sx in sexy[-5:]: print(' ',sx) print(f'\nThere are {len(unsexy)} unsexy primes ending with ...') for usx in unsexy[-10:]: print(' ',usx)
Rewrite the snippet below in Python so it works the same as the original Java code.
import java.util.Arrays; public class FD { public static void main(String args[]) { double[] a = {90, 47, 58, 29, 22, 32, 55, 5, 55, 73}; System.out.println(Arrays.toString(dif(a, 1))); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(dif(a, 2))); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(dif(a, 9))); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(dif(a, 10))); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(dif(a, 11))); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(dif(a, -1))); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(dif(a, 0))); } public static double[] dif(double[] a, int n) { if (n < 0) return null; for (int i = 0; i < n && a.length > 0; i++) { double[] b = new double[a.length - 1]; for (int j = 0; j < b.length; j++){ b[j] = a[j+1] - a[j]; } a = b; } return a; } }
>>> dif = lambda s: [x-s[i] for i,x in enumerate(s[1:])] >>> >>> difn = lambda s, n: difn(dif(s), n-1) if n else s >>> s = [90, 47, 58, 29, 22, 32, 55, 5, 55, 73] >>> difn(s, 0) [90, 47, 58, 29, 22, 32, 55, 5, 55, 73] >>> difn(s, 1) [-43, 11, -29, -7, 10, 23, -50, 50, 18] >>> difn(s, 2) [54, -40, 22, 17, 13, -73, 100, -32] >>> from pprint import pprint >>> pprint( [difn(s, i) for i in xrange(10)] ) [[90, 47, 58, 29, 22, 32, 55, 5, 55, 73], [-43, 11, -29, -7, 10, 23, -50, 50, 18], [54, -40, 22, 17, 13, -73, 100, -32], [-94, 62, -5, -4, -86, 173, -132], [156, -67, 1, -82, 259, -305], [-223, 68, -83, 341, -564], [291, -151, 424, -905], [-442, 575, -1329], [1017, -1904], [-2921]]
Rewrite this program in Python while keeping its functionality equivalent to the Java version.
public static boolean prime(long a){ if(a == 2){ return true; }else if(a <= 1 || a % 2 == 0){ return false; } long max = (long)Math.sqrt(a); for(long n= 3; n <= max; n+= 2){ if(a % n == 0){ return false; } } return true; }
def prime(a): return not (a < 2 or any(a % x == 0 for x in xrange(2, int(a**0.5) + 1)))
Write the same algorithm in Python as shown in this Java implementation.
public class Binomial { private static long binomialInt(int n, int k) { if (k > n - k) k = n - k; long binom = 1; for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) binom = binom * (n + 1 - i) / i; return binom; } private static Object binomialIntReliable(int n, int k) { if (k > n - k) k = n - k; long binom = 1; for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) { try { binom = Math.multiplyExact(binom, n + 1 - i) / i; } catch (ArithmeticException e) { return "overflow"; } } return binom; } private static double binomialFloat(int n, int k) { if (k > n - k) k = n - k; double binom = 1.0; for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) binom = binom * (n + 1 - i) / i; return binom; } private static BigInteger binomialBigInt(int n, int k) { if (k > n - k) k = n - k; BigInteger binom = BigInteger.ONE; for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) { binom = binom.multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(n + 1 - i)); binom = binom.divide(BigInteger.valueOf(i)); } return binom; } private static void demo(int n, int k) { List<Object> data = Arrays.asList( n, k, binomialInt(n, k), binomialIntReliable(n, k), binomialFloat(n, k), binomialBigInt(n, k)); System.out.println(data.stream().map(Object::toString).collect(Collectors.joining("\t"))); } public static void main(String[] args) { demo(5, 3); demo(1000, 300); } }
def binomialCoeff(n, k): result = 1 for i in range(1, k+1): result = result * (n-i+1) / i return result if __name__ == "__main__": print(binomialCoeff(5, 3))
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in Python.
List arrayList = new ArrayList(); arrayList.add(new Integer(0)); arrayList.add(0); List<Integer> myarrlist = new ArrayList<Integer>(); int sum; for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { myarrlist.add(i); }
collection = [0, '1'] x = collection[0] collection.append(2) collection.insert(0, '-1') y = collection[0] collection.extend([2,'3']) collection += [2,'3'] collection[2:6] len(collection) collection = (0, 1) collection[:] collection[-4:-1] collection[::2] collection="some string" x = collection[::-1] collection[::2] == "some string"[::2] collection.__getitem__(slice(0,len(collection),2)) collection = {0: "zero", 1: "one"} collection['zero'] = 2 collection = set([0, '1'])
Change the following Java code into Python without altering its purpose.
LinkedList<Type> list = new LinkedList<Type>(); for(Type i: list){ System.out.println(i); }
for node in lst: print node.value
Transform the following Java implementation into Python, maintaining the same output and logic.
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; public class PPMWriter { public void bitmapToPPM(File file, BasicBitmapStorage bitmap) throws IOException { file.delete(); try (var os = new FileOutputStream(file, true); var bw = new BufferedOutputStream(os)) { var header = String.format("P6\n%d %d\n255\n", bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight()); bw.write(header.getBytes(StandardCharsets.US_ASCII)); for (var y = 0; y < bitmap.getHeight(); y++) { for (var x = 0; x < bitmap.getWidth(); x++) { var pixel = bitmap.getPixel(x, y); bw.write(pixel.getRed()); bw.write(pixel.getGreen()); bw.write(pixel.getBlue()); } } } } }
import io ppmfileout = io.StringIO('') def writeppmp3(self, f): self.writeppm(f, ppmformat='P3') def writeppm(self, f, ppmformat='P6'): assert ppmformat in ['P3', 'P6'], 'Format wrong' magic = ppmformat + '\n' comment = ' maxval = max(max(max(bit) for bit in row) for row in self.map) assert ppmformat == 'P3' or 0 <= maxval < 256, 'R,G,B must fit in a byte' if ppmformat == 'P6': fwrite = lambda s: f.write(bytes(s, 'UTF-8')) maxval = 255 else: fwrite = f.write numsize=len(str(maxval)) fwrite(magic) fwrite(comment) fwrite('%i %i\n%i\n' % (self.width, self.height, maxval)) for h in range(self.height-1, -1, -1): for w in range(self.width): r, g, b = self.get(w, h) if ppmformat == 'P3': fwrite(' %*i %*i %*i' % (numsize, r, numsize, g, numsize, b)) else: fwrite('%c%c%c' % (r, g, b)) if ppmformat == 'P3': fwrite('\n') Bitmap.writeppmp3 = writeppmp3 Bitmap.writeppm = writeppm bitmap = Bitmap(4, 4, black) bitmap.fillrect(1, 0, 1, 2, white) bitmap.set(3, 3, Colour(127, 0, 63)) bitmap.writeppmp3(ppmfileout) print(ppmfileout.getvalue()) ppmfileout = open('tmp.ppm', 'wb') bitmap.writeppm(ppmfileout) ppmfileout.close()
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from Java to Python, same semantics.
import java.io.File; public class FileDeleteTest { public static boolean deleteFile(String filename) { boolean exists = new File(filename).delete(); return exists; } public static void test(String type, String filename) { System.out.println("The following " + type + " called " + filename + (deleteFile(filename) ? " was deleted." : " could not be deleted.") ); } public static void main(String args[]) { test("file", "input.txt"); test("file", File.seperator + "input.txt"); test("directory", "docs"); test("directory", File.seperator + "docs" + File.seperator); } }
import os os.remove("output.txt") os.rmdir("docs") os.remove("/output.txt") os.rmdir("/docs")
Port the provided Java code into Python while preserving the original functionality.
import java.io.File; public class FileDeleteTest { public static boolean deleteFile(String filename) { boolean exists = new File(filename).delete(); return exists; } public static void test(String type, String filename) { System.out.println("The following " + type + " called " + filename + (deleteFile(filename) ? " was deleted." : " could not be deleted.") ); } public static void main(String args[]) { test("file", "input.txt"); test("file", File.seperator + "input.txt"); test("directory", "docs"); test("directory", File.seperator + "docs" + File.seperator); } }
import os os.remove("output.txt") os.rmdir("docs") os.remove("/output.txt") os.rmdir("/docs")
Convert the following code from Java to Python, ensuring the logic remains intact.
import java.util.Calendar; import java.util.GregorianCalendar; public class DiscordianDate { final static String[] seasons = {"Chaos", "Discord", "Confusion", "Bureaucracy", "The Aftermath"}; final static String[] weekday = {"Sweetmorn", "Boomtime", "Pungenday", "Prickle-Prickle", "Setting Orange"}; final static String[] apostle = {"Mungday", "Mojoday", "Syaday", "Zaraday", "Maladay"}; final static String[] holiday = {"Chaoflux", "Discoflux", "Confuflux", "Bureflux", "Afflux"}; public static String discordianDate(final GregorianCalendar date) { int y = date.get(Calendar.YEAR); int yold = y + 1166; int dayOfYear = date.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR); if (date.isLeapYear(y)) { if (dayOfYear == 60) return "St. Tib's Day, in the YOLD " + yold; else if (dayOfYear > 60) dayOfYear--; } dayOfYear--; int seasonDay = dayOfYear % 73 + 1; if (seasonDay == 5) return apostle[dayOfYear / 73] + ", in the YOLD " + yold; if (seasonDay == 50) return holiday[dayOfYear / 73] + ", in the YOLD " + yold; String season = seasons[dayOfYear / 73]; String dayOfWeek = weekday[dayOfYear % 5]; return String.format("%s, day %s of %s in the YOLD %s", dayOfWeek, seasonDay, season, yold); } public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(discordianDate(new GregorianCalendar())); test(2010, 6, 22, "Pungenday, day 57 of Confusion in the YOLD 3176"); test(2012, 1, 28, "Prickle-Prickle, day 59 of Chaos in the YOLD 3178"); test(2012, 1, 29, "St. Tib's Day, in the YOLD 3178"); test(2012, 2, 1, "Setting Orange, day 60 of Chaos in the YOLD 3178"); test(2010, 0, 5, "Mungday, in the YOLD 3176"); test(2011, 4, 3, "Discoflux, in the YOLD 3177"); test(2015, 9, 19, "Boomtime, day 73 of Bureaucracy in the YOLD 3181"); } private static void test(int y, int m, int d, final String result) { assert (discordianDate(new GregorianCalendar(y, m, d)).equals(result)); } }
import datetime, calendar DISCORDIAN_SEASONS = ["Chaos", "Discord", "Confusion", "Bureaucracy", "The Aftermath"] def ddate(year, month, day): today = datetime.date(year, month, day) is_leap_year = calendar.isleap(year) if is_leap_year and month == 2 and day == 29: return "St. Tib's Day, YOLD " + (year + 1166) day_of_year = today.timetuple().tm_yday - 1 if is_leap_year and day_of_year >= 60: day_of_year -= 1 season, dday = divmod(day_of_year, 73) return "%s %d, YOLD %d" % (DISCORDIAN_SEASONS[season], dday + 1, year + 1166)
Convert this Java snippet to Python and keep its semantics consistent.
import java.util.Calendar; import java.util.GregorianCalendar; public class DiscordianDate { final static String[] seasons = {"Chaos", "Discord", "Confusion", "Bureaucracy", "The Aftermath"}; final static String[] weekday = {"Sweetmorn", "Boomtime", "Pungenday", "Prickle-Prickle", "Setting Orange"}; final static String[] apostle = {"Mungday", "Mojoday", "Syaday", "Zaraday", "Maladay"}; final static String[] holiday = {"Chaoflux", "Discoflux", "Confuflux", "Bureflux", "Afflux"}; public static String discordianDate(final GregorianCalendar date) { int y = date.get(Calendar.YEAR); int yold = y + 1166; int dayOfYear = date.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR); if (date.isLeapYear(y)) { if (dayOfYear == 60) return "St. Tib's Day, in the YOLD " + yold; else if (dayOfYear > 60) dayOfYear--; } dayOfYear--; int seasonDay = dayOfYear % 73 + 1; if (seasonDay == 5) return apostle[dayOfYear / 73] + ", in the YOLD " + yold; if (seasonDay == 50) return holiday[dayOfYear / 73] + ", in the YOLD " + yold; String season = seasons[dayOfYear / 73]; String dayOfWeek = weekday[dayOfYear % 5]; return String.format("%s, day %s of %s in the YOLD %s", dayOfWeek, seasonDay, season, yold); } public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(discordianDate(new GregorianCalendar())); test(2010, 6, 22, "Pungenday, day 57 of Confusion in the YOLD 3176"); test(2012, 1, 28, "Prickle-Prickle, day 59 of Chaos in the YOLD 3178"); test(2012, 1, 29, "St. Tib's Day, in the YOLD 3178"); test(2012, 2, 1, "Setting Orange, day 60 of Chaos in the YOLD 3178"); test(2010, 0, 5, "Mungday, in the YOLD 3176"); test(2011, 4, 3, "Discoflux, in the YOLD 3177"); test(2015, 9, 19, "Boomtime, day 73 of Bureaucracy in the YOLD 3181"); } private static void test(int y, int m, int d, final String result) { assert (discordianDate(new GregorianCalendar(y, m, d)).equals(result)); } }
import datetime, calendar DISCORDIAN_SEASONS = ["Chaos", "Discord", "Confusion", "Bureaucracy", "The Aftermath"] def ddate(year, month, day): today = datetime.date(year, month, day) is_leap_year = calendar.isleap(year) if is_leap_year and month == 2 and day == 29: return "St. Tib's Day, YOLD " + (year + 1166) day_of_year = today.timetuple().tm_yday - 1 if is_leap_year and day_of_year >= 60: day_of_year -= 1 season, dday = divmod(day_of_year, 73) return "%s %d, YOLD %d" % (DISCORDIAN_SEASONS[season], dday + 1, year + 1166)
Convert this Java snippet to Python and keep its semantics consistent.
import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import java.util.*; import javax.swing.*; public class FlippingBitsGame extends JPanel { final int maxLevel = 7; final int minLevel = 3; private Random rand = new Random(); private int[][] grid, target; private Rectangle box; private int n = maxLevel; private boolean solved = true; FlippingBitsGame() { setPreferredSize(new Dimension(640, 640)); setBackground(Color.white); setFont(new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 18)); box = new Rectangle(120, 90, 400, 400); startNewGame(); addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() { @Override public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { if (solved) { startNewGame(); } else { int x = e.getX(); int y = e.getY(); if (box.contains(x, y)) return; if (x > box.x && x < box.x + box.width) { flipCol((x - box.x) / (box.width / n)); } else if (y > box.y && y < box.y + box.height) flipRow((y - box.y) / (box.height / n)); if (solved(grid, target)) solved = true; printGrid(solved ? "Solved!" : "The board", grid); } repaint(); } }); } void startNewGame() { if (solved) { n = (n == maxLevel) ? minLevel : n + 1; grid = new int[n][n]; target = new int[n][n]; do { shuffle(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) target[i] = Arrays.copyOf(grid[i], n); shuffle(); } while (solved(grid, target)); solved = false; printGrid("The target", target); printGrid("The board", grid); } } void printGrid(String msg, int[][] g) { System.out.println(msg); for (int[] row : g) System.out.println(Arrays.toString(row)); System.out.println(); } boolean solved(int[][] a, int[][] b) { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) if (!Arrays.equals(a[i], b[i])) return false; return true; } void shuffle() { for (int i = 0; i < n * n; i++) { if (rand.nextBoolean()) flipRow(rand.nextInt(n)); else flipCol(rand.nextInt(n)); } } void flipRow(int r) { for (int c = 0; c < n; c++) { grid[r][c] ^= 1; } } void flipCol(int c) { for (int[] row : grid) { row[c] ^= 1; } } void drawGrid(Graphics2D g) { g.setColor(getForeground()); if (solved) g.drawString("Solved! Click here to play again.", 180, 600); else g.drawString("Click next to a row or a column to flip.", 170, 600); int size = box.width / n; for (int r = 0; r < n; r++) for (int c = 0; c < n; c++) { g.setColor(grid[r][c] == 1 ? Color.blue : Color.orange); g.fillRect(box.x + c * size, box.y + r * size, size, size); g.setColor(getBackground()); g.drawRect(box.x + c * size, box.y + r * size, size, size); g.setColor(target[r][c] == 1 ? Color.blue : Color.orange); g.fillRect(7 + box.x + c * size, 7 + box.y + r * size, 10, 10); } } @Override public void paintComponent(Graphics gg) { super.paintComponent(gg); Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) gg; g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); drawGrid(g); } public static void main(String[] args) { SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> { JFrame f = new JFrame(); f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); f.setTitle("Flipping Bits Game"); f.setResizable(false); f.add(new FlippingBitsGame(), BorderLayout.CENTER); f.pack(); f.setLocationRelativeTo(null); f.setVisible(true); }); } }
from random import randrange from copy import deepcopy from string import ascii_lowercase try: input = raw_input except: pass N = 3 board = [[0]* N for i in range(N)] def setbits(board, count=1): for i in range(count): board[randrange(N)][randrange(N)] ^= 1 def shuffle(board, count=1): for i in range(count): if randrange(0, 2): fliprow(randrange(N)) else: flipcol(randrange(N)) def pr(board, comment=''): print(str(comment)) print(' ' + ' '.join(ascii_lowercase[i] for i in range(N))) print(' ' + '\n '.join(' '.join(['%2s' % j] + [str(i) for i in line]) for j, line in enumerate(board, 1))) def init(board): setbits(board, count=randrange(N)+1) target = deepcopy(board) while board == target: shuffle(board, count=2 * N) prompt = ' X, T, or 1-%i / %s-%s to flip: ' % (N, ascii_lowercase[0], ascii_lowercase[N-1]) return target, prompt def fliprow(i): board[i-1][:] = [x ^ 1 for x in board[i-1] ] def flipcol(i): for row in board: row[i] ^= 1 if __name__ == '__main__': print(__doc__ % (N, N)) target, prompt = init(board) pr(target, 'Target configuration is:') print('') turns = 0 while board != target: turns += 1 pr(board, '%i:' % turns) ans = input(prompt).strip() if (len(ans) == 1 and ans in ascii_lowercase and ascii_lowercase.index(ans) < N): flipcol(ascii_lowercase.index(ans)) elif ans and all(ch in '0123456789' for ch in ans) and 1 <= int(ans) <= N: fliprow(int(ans)) elif ans == 'T': pr(target, 'Target configuration is:') turns -= 1 elif ans == 'X': break else: print(" I don't understand %r... Try again. " "(X to exit or T to show target)\n" % ans[:9]) turns -= 1 else: print('\nWell done!\nBye.')
Produce a functionally identical Python code for the snippet given in Java.
import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import java.util.*; import javax.swing.*; public class FlippingBitsGame extends JPanel { final int maxLevel = 7; final int minLevel = 3; private Random rand = new Random(); private int[][] grid, target; private Rectangle box; private int n = maxLevel; private boolean solved = true; FlippingBitsGame() { setPreferredSize(new Dimension(640, 640)); setBackground(Color.white); setFont(new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 18)); box = new Rectangle(120, 90, 400, 400); startNewGame(); addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() { @Override public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { if (solved) { startNewGame(); } else { int x = e.getX(); int y = e.getY(); if (box.contains(x, y)) return; if (x > box.x && x < box.x + box.width) { flipCol((x - box.x) / (box.width / n)); } else if (y > box.y && y < box.y + box.height) flipRow((y - box.y) / (box.height / n)); if (solved(grid, target)) solved = true; printGrid(solved ? "Solved!" : "The board", grid); } repaint(); } }); } void startNewGame() { if (solved) { n = (n == maxLevel) ? minLevel : n + 1; grid = new int[n][n]; target = new int[n][n]; do { shuffle(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) target[i] = Arrays.copyOf(grid[i], n); shuffle(); } while (solved(grid, target)); solved = false; printGrid("The target", target); printGrid("The board", grid); } } void printGrid(String msg, int[][] g) { System.out.println(msg); for (int[] row : g) System.out.println(Arrays.toString(row)); System.out.println(); } boolean solved(int[][] a, int[][] b) { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) if (!Arrays.equals(a[i], b[i])) return false; return true; } void shuffle() { for (int i = 0; i < n * n; i++) { if (rand.nextBoolean()) flipRow(rand.nextInt(n)); else flipCol(rand.nextInt(n)); } } void flipRow(int r) { for (int c = 0; c < n; c++) { grid[r][c] ^= 1; } } void flipCol(int c) { for (int[] row : grid) { row[c] ^= 1; } } void drawGrid(Graphics2D g) { g.setColor(getForeground()); if (solved) g.drawString("Solved! Click here to play again.", 180, 600); else g.drawString("Click next to a row or a column to flip.", 170, 600); int size = box.width / n; for (int r = 0; r < n; r++) for (int c = 0; c < n; c++) { g.setColor(grid[r][c] == 1 ? Color.blue : Color.orange); g.fillRect(box.x + c * size, box.y + r * size, size, size); g.setColor(getBackground()); g.drawRect(box.x + c * size, box.y + r * size, size, size); g.setColor(target[r][c] == 1 ? Color.blue : Color.orange); g.fillRect(7 + box.x + c * size, 7 + box.y + r * size, 10, 10); } } @Override public void paintComponent(Graphics gg) { super.paintComponent(gg); Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) gg; g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); drawGrid(g); } public static void main(String[] args) { SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> { JFrame f = new JFrame(); f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); f.setTitle("Flipping Bits Game"); f.setResizable(false); f.add(new FlippingBitsGame(), BorderLayout.CENTER); f.pack(); f.setLocationRelativeTo(null); f.setVisible(true); }); } }
from random import randrange from copy import deepcopy from string import ascii_lowercase try: input = raw_input except: pass N = 3 board = [[0]* N for i in range(N)] def setbits(board, count=1): for i in range(count): board[randrange(N)][randrange(N)] ^= 1 def shuffle(board, count=1): for i in range(count): if randrange(0, 2): fliprow(randrange(N)) else: flipcol(randrange(N)) def pr(board, comment=''): print(str(comment)) print(' ' + ' '.join(ascii_lowercase[i] for i in range(N))) print(' ' + '\n '.join(' '.join(['%2s' % j] + [str(i) for i in line]) for j, line in enumerate(board, 1))) def init(board): setbits(board, count=randrange(N)+1) target = deepcopy(board) while board == target: shuffle(board, count=2 * N) prompt = ' X, T, or 1-%i / %s-%s to flip: ' % (N, ascii_lowercase[0], ascii_lowercase[N-1]) return target, prompt def fliprow(i): board[i-1][:] = [x ^ 1 for x in board[i-1] ] def flipcol(i): for row in board: row[i] ^= 1 if __name__ == '__main__': print(__doc__ % (N, N)) target, prompt = init(board) pr(target, 'Target configuration is:') print('') turns = 0 while board != target: turns += 1 pr(board, '%i:' % turns) ans = input(prompt).strip() if (len(ans) == 1 and ans in ascii_lowercase and ascii_lowercase.index(ans) < N): flipcol(ascii_lowercase.index(ans)) elif ans and all(ch in '0123456789' for ch in ans) and 1 <= int(ans) <= N: fliprow(int(ans)) elif ans == 'T': pr(target, 'Target configuration is:') turns -= 1 elif ans == 'X': break else: print(" I don't understand %r... Try again. " "(X to exit or T to show target)\n" % ans[:9]) turns -= 1 else: print('\nWell done!\nBye.')
Convert this Java snippet to Python and keep its semantics consistent.
import java.math.*; public class Hickerson { final static String LN2 = "0.693147180559945309417232121458"; public static void main(String[] args) { for (int n = 1; n <= 17; n++) System.out.printf("%2s is almost integer: %s%n", n, almostInteger(n)); } static boolean almostInteger(int n) { BigDecimal a = new BigDecimal(LN2); a = a.pow(n + 1).multiply(BigDecimal.valueOf(2)); long f = n; while (--n > 1) f *= n; BigDecimal b = new BigDecimal(f); b = b.divide(a, MathContext.DECIMAL128); BigInteger c = b.movePointRight(1).toBigInteger().mod(BigInteger.TEN); return c.toString().matches("0|9"); } }
from decimal import Decimal import math def h(n): 'Simple, reduced precision calculation' return math.factorial(n) / (2 * math.log(2) ** (n + 1)) def h2(n): 'Extended precision Hickerson function' return Decimal(math.factorial(n)) / (2 * Decimal(2).ln() ** (n + 1)) for n in range(18): x = h2(n) norm = str(x.normalize()) almostinteger = (' Nearly integer' if 'E' not in norm and ('.0' in norm or '.9' in norm) else ' NOT nearly integer!') print('n:%2i h:%s%s' % (n, norm, almostinteger))
Produce a functionally identical Python code for the snippet given in Java.
import java.math.*; public class Hickerson { final static String LN2 = "0.693147180559945309417232121458"; public static void main(String[] args) { for (int n = 1; n <= 17; n++) System.out.printf("%2s is almost integer: %s%n", n, almostInteger(n)); } static boolean almostInteger(int n) { BigDecimal a = new BigDecimal(LN2); a = a.pow(n + 1).multiply(BigDecimal.valueOf(2)); long f = n; while (--n > 1) f *= n; BigDecimal b = new BigDecimal(f); b = b.divide(a, MathContext.DECIMAL128); BigInteger c = b.movePointRight(1).toBigInteger().mod(BigInteger.TEN); return c.toString().matches("0|9"); } }
from decimal import Decimal import math def h(n): 'Simple, reduced precision calculation' return math.factorial(n) / (2 * math.log(2) ** (n + 1)) def h2(n): 'Extended precision Hickerson function' return Decimal(math.factorial(n)) / (2 * Decimal(2).ln() ** (n + 1)) for n in range(18): x = h2(n) norm = str(x.normalize()) almostinteger = (' Nearly integer' if 'E' not in norm and ('.0' in norm or '.9' in norm) else ' NOT nearly integer!') print('n:%2i h:%s%s' % (n, norm, almostinteger))
Please provide an equivalent version of this Java code in Python.
import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Random; import java.util.Set; public class AverageLoopLength { private static final int N = 100000; private static double analytical(int n) { double[] factorial = new double[n + 1]; double[] powers = new double[n + 1]; powers[0] = 1.0; factorial[0] = 1.0; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { factorial[i] = factorial[i - 1] * i; powers[i] = powers[i - 1] * n; } double sum = 0; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { sum += factorial[n] / factorial[n - i] / powers[i]; } return sum; } private static double average(int n) { Random rnd = new Random(); double sum = 0.0; for (int a = 0; a < N; a++) { int[] random = new int[n]; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { random[i] = rnd.nextInt(n); } Set<Integer> seen = new HashSet<>(n); int current = 0; int length = 0; while (seen.add(current)) { length++; current = random[current]; } sum += length; } return sum / N; } public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(" N average analytical (error)"); System.out.println("=== ========= ============ ========="); for (int i = 1; i <= 20; i++) { double avg = average(i); double ana = analytical(i); System.out.println(String.format("%3d %9.4f %12.4f (%6.2f%%)", i, avg, ana, ((ana - avg) / ana * 100))); } } }
from __future__ import division from math import factorial from random import randrange MAX_N = 20 TIMES = 1000000 def analytical(n): return sum(factorial(n) / pow(n, i) / factorial(n -i) for i in range(1, n+1)) def test(n, times): count = 0 for i in range(times): x, bits = 1, 0 while not (bits & x): count += 1 bits |= x x = 1 << randrange(n) return count / times if __name__ == '__main__': print(" n\tavg\texp.\tdiff\n-------------------------------") for n in range(1, MAX_N+1): avg = test(n, TIMES) theory = analytical(n) diff = (avg / theory - 1) * 100 print("%2d %8.4f %8.4f %6.3f%%" % (n, avg, theory, diff))
Convert this Java snippet to Python and keep its semantics consistent.
import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Random; import java.util.Set; public class AverageLoopLength { private static final int N = 100000; private static double analytical(int n) { double[] factorial = new double[n + 1]; double[] powers = new double[n + 1]; powers[0] = 1.0; factorial[0] = 1.0; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { factorial[i] = factorial[i - 1] * i; powers[i] = powers[i - 1] * n; } double sum = 0; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { sum += factorial[n] / factorial[n - i] / powers[i]; } return sum; } private static double average(int n) { Random rnd = new Random(); double sum = 0.0; for (int a = 0; a < N; a++) { int[] random = new int[n]; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { random[i] = rnd.nextInt(n); } Set<Integer> seen = new HashSet<>(n); int current = 0; int length = 0; while (seen.add(current)) { length++; current = random[current]; } sum += length; } return sum / N; } public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(" N average analytical (error)"); System.out.println("=== ========= ============ ========="); for (int i = 1; i <= 20; i++) { double avg = average(i); double ana = analytical(i); System.out.println(String.format("%3d %9.4f %12.4f (%6.2f%%)", i, avg, ana, ((ana - avg) / ana * 100))); } } }
from __future__ import division from math import factorial from random import randrange MAX_N = 20 TIMES = 1000000 def analytical(n): return sum(factorial(n) / pow(n, i) / factorial(n -i) for i in range(1, n+1)) def test(n, times): count = 0 for i in range(times): x, bits = 1, 0 while not (bits & x): count += 1 bits |= x x = 1 << randrange(n) return count / times if __name__ == '__main__': print(" n\tavg\texp.\tdiff\n-------------------------------") for n in range(1, MAX_N+1): avg = test(n, TIMES) theory = analytical(n) diff = (avg / theory - 1) * 100 print("%2d %8.4f %8.4f %6.3f%%" % (n, avg, theory, diff))
Please provide an equivalent version of this Java code in Python.
String original = "Mary had a X lamb"; String little = "little"; String replaced = original.replace("X", little); System.out.println(replaced); System.out.printf("Mary had a %s lamb.", little); String formatted = String.format("Mary had a %s lamb.", little); System.out.println(formatted);
>>> original = 'Mary had a %s lamb.' >>> extra = 'little' >>> original % extra 'Mary had a little lamb.'
Please provide an equivalent version of this Java code in Python.
import java.util.*; public class PatienceSort { public static <E extends Comparable<? super E>> void sort (E[] n) { List<Pile<E>> piles = new ArrayList<Pile<E>>(); for (E x : n) { Pile<E> newPile = new Pile<E>(); newPile.push(x); int i = Collections.binarySearch(piles, newPile); if (i < 0) i = ~i; if (i != piles.size()) piles.get(i).push(x); else piles.add(newPile); } PriorityQueue<Pile<E>> heap = new PriorityQueue<Pile<E>>(piles); for (int c = 0; c < n.length; c++) { Pile<E> smallPile = heap.poll(); n[c] = smallPile.pop(); if (!smallPile.isEmpty()) heap.offer(smallPile); } assert(heap.isEmpty()); } private static class Pile<E extends Comparable<? super E>> extends Stack<E> implements Comparable<Pile<E>> { public int compareTo(Pile<E> y) { return peek().compareTo(y.peek()); } } public static void main(String[] args) { Integer[] a = {4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 83, 782, 1}; sort(a); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(a)); } }
from functools import total_ordering from bisect import bisect_left from heapq import merge @total_ordering class Pile(list): def __lt__(self, other): return self[-1] < other[-1] def __eq__(self, other): return self[-1] == other[-1] def patience_sort(n): piles = [] for x in n: new_pile = Pile([x]) i = bisect_left(piles, new_pile) if i != len(piles): piles[i].append(x) else: piles.append(new_pile) n[:] = merge(*[reversed(pile) for pile in piles]) if __name__ == "__main__": a = [4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 83, 782, 1] patience_sort(a) print a
Convert the following code from Java to Python, ensuring the logic remains intact.
import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Random; public class SequenceMutation { public static void main(String[] args) { SequenceMutation sm = new SequenceMutation(); sm.setWeight(OP_CHANGE, 3); String sequence = sm.generateSequence(250); System.out.println("Initial sequence:"); printSequence(sequence); int count = 10; for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) sequence = sm.mutateSequence(sequence); System.out.println("After " + count + " mutations:"); printSequence(sequence); } public SequenceMutation() { totalWeight_ = OP_COUNT; Arrays.fill(operationWeight_, 1); } public String generateSequence(int length) { char[] ch = new char[length]; for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) ch[i] = getRandomBase(); return new String(ch); } public void setWeight(int operation, int weight) { totalWeight_ -= operationWeight_[operation]; operationWeight_[operation] = weight; totalWeight_ += weight; } public String mutateSequence(String sequence) { char[] ch = sequence.toCharArray(); int pos = random_.nextInt(ch.length); int operation = getRandomOperation(); if (operation == OP_CHANGE) { char b = getRandomBase(); System.out.println("Change base at position " + pos + " from " + ch[pos] + " to " + b); ch[pos] = b; } else if (operation == OP_ERASE) { System.out.println("Erase base " + ch[pos] + " at position " + pos); char[] newCh = new char[ch.length - 1]; System.arraycopy(ch, 0, newCh, 0, pos); System.arraycopy(ch, pos + 1, newCh, pos, ch.length - pos - 1); ch = newCh; } else if (operation == OP_INSERT) { char b = getRandomBase(); System.out.println("Insert base " + b + " at position " + pos); char[] newCh = new char[ch.length + 1]; System.arraycopy(ch, 0, newCh, 0, pos); System.arraycopy(ch, pos, newCh, pos + 1, ch.length - pos); newCh[pos] = b; ch = newCh; } return new String(ch); } public static void printSequence(String sequence) { int[] count = new int[BASES.length]; for (int i = 0, n = sequence.length(); i < n; ++i) { if (i % 50 == 0) { if (i != 0) System.out.println(); System.out.printf("%3d: ", i); } char ch = sequence.charAt(i); System.out.print(ch); for (int j = 0; j < BASES.length; ++j) { if (BASES[j] == ch) { ++count[j]; break; } } } System.out.println(); System.out.println("Base counts:"); int total = 0; for (int j = 0; j < BASES.length; ++j) { total += count[j]; System.out.print(BASES[j] + ": " + count[j] + ", "); } System.out.println("Total: " + total); } private char getRandomBase() { return BASES[random_.nextInt(BASES.length)]; } private int getRandomOperation() { int n = random_.nextInt(totalWeight_), op = 0; for (int weight = 0; op < OP_COUNT; ++op) { weight += operationWeight_[op]; if (n < weight) break; } return op; } private final Random random_ = new Random(); private int[] operationWeight_ = new int[OP_COUNT]; private int totalWeight_ = 0; private static final int OP_CHANGE = 0; private static final int OP_ERASE = 1; private static final int OP_INSERT = 2; private static final int OP_COUNT = 3; private static final char[] BASES = {'A', 'C', 'G', 'T'}; }
import random from collections import Counter def basecount(dna): return sorted(Counter(dna).items()) def seq_split(dna, n=50): return [dna[i: i+n] for i in range(0, len(dna), n)] def seq_pp(dna, n=50): for i, part in enumerate(seq_split(dna, n)): print(f"{i*n:>5}: {part}") print("\n BASECOUNT:") tot = 0 for base, count in basecount(dna): print(f" {base:>3}: {count}") tot += count base, count = 'TOT', tot print(f" {base:>3}= {count}") def seq_mutate(dna, count=1, kinds="IDSSSS", choice="ATCG" ): mutation = [] k2txt = dict(I='Insert', D='Delete', S='Substitute') for _ in range(count): kind = random.choice(kinds) index = random.randint(0, len(dna)) if kind == 'I': dna = dna[:index] + random.choice(choice) + dna[index:] elif kind == 'D' and dna: dna = dna[:index] + dna[index+1:] elif kind == 'S' and dna: dna = dna[:index] + random.choice(choice) + dna[index+1:] mutation.append((k2txt[kind], index)) return dna, mutation if __name__ == '__main__': length = 250 print("SEQUENCE:") sequence = ''.join(random.choices('ACGT', weights=(1, 0.8, .9, 1.1), k=length)) seq_pp(sequence) print("\n\nMUTATIONS:") mseq, m = seq_mutate(sequence, 10) for kind, index in m: print(f" {kind:>10} @{index}") print() seq_pp(mseq)
Produce a functionally identical Python code for the snippet given in Java.
import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Random; public class SequenceMutation { public static void main(String[] args) { SequenceMutation sm = new SequenceMutation(); sm.setWeight(OP_CHANGE, 3); String sequence = sm.generateSequence(250); System.out.println("Initial sequence:"); printSequence(sequence); int count = 10; for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) sequence = sm.mutateSequence(sequence); System.out.println("After " + count + " mutations:"); printSequence(sequence); } public SequenceMutation() { totalWeight_ = OP_COUNT; Arrays.fill(operationWeight_, 1); } public String generateSequence(int length) { char[] ch = new char[length]; for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) ch[i] = getRandomBase(); return new String(ch); } public void setWeight(int operation, int weight) { totalWeight_ -= operationWeight_[operation]; operationWeight_[operation] = weight; totalWeight_ += weight; } public String mutateSequence(String sequence) { char[] ch = sequence.toCharArray(); int pos = random_.nextInt(ch.length); int operation = getRandomOperation(); if (operation == OP_CHANGE) { char b = getRandomBase(); System.out.println("Change base at position " + pos + " from " + ch[pos] + " to " + b); ch[pos] = b; } else if (operation == OP_ERASE) { System.out.println("Erase base " + ch[pos] + " at position " + pos); char[] newCh = new char[ch.length - 1]; System.arraycopy(ch, 0, newCh, 0, pos); System.arraycopy(ch, pos + 1, newCh, pos, ch.length - pos - 1); ch = newCh; } else if (operation == OP_INSERT) { char b = getRandomBase(); System.out.println("Insert base " + b + " at position " + pos); char[] newCh = new char[ch.length + 1]; System.arraycopy(ch, 0, newCh, 0, pos); System.arraycopy(ch, pos, newCh, pos + 1, ch.length - pos); newCh[pos] = b; ch = newCh; } return new String(ch); } public static void printSequence(String sequence) { int[] count = new int[BASES.length]; for (int i = 0, n = sequence.length(); i < n; ++i) { if (i % 50 == 0) { if (i != 0) System.out.println(); System.out.printf("%3d: ", i); } char ch = sequence.charAt(i); System.out.print(ch); for (int j = 0; j < BASES.length; ++j) { if (BASES[j] == ch) { ++count[j]; break; } } } System.out.println(); System.out.println("Base counts:"); int total = 0; for (int j = 0; j < BASES.length; ++j) { total += count[j]; System.out.print(BASES[j] + ": " + count[j] + ", "); } System.out.println("Total: " + total); } private char getRandomBase() { return BASES[random_.nextInt(BASES.length)]; } private int getRandomOperation() { int n = random_.nextInt(totalWeight_), op = 0; for (int weight = 0; op < OP_COUNT; ++op) { weight += operationWeight_[op]; if (n < weight) break; } return op; } private final Random random_ = new Random(); private int[] operationWeight_ = new int[OP_COUNT]; private int totalWeight_ = 0; private static final int OP_CHANGE = 0; private static final int OP_ERASE = 1; private static final int OP_INSERT = 2; private static final int OP_COUNT = 3; private static final char[] BASES = {'A', 'C', 'G', 'T'}; }
import random from collections import Counter def basecount(dna): return sorted(Counter(dna).items()) def seq_split(dna, n=50): return [dna[i: i+n] for i in range(0, len(dna), n)] def seq_pp(dna, n=50): for i, part in enumerate(seq_split(dna, n)): print(f"{i*n:>5}: {part}") print("\n BASECOUNT:") tot = 0 for base, count in basecount(dna): print(f" {base:>3}: {count}") tot += count base, count = 'TOT', tot print(f" {base:>3}= {count}") def seq_mutate(dna, count=1, kinds="IDSSSS", choice="ATCG" ): mutation = [] k2txt = dict(I='Insert', D='Delete', S='Substitute') for _ in range(count): kind = random.choice(kinds) index = random.randint(0, len(dna)) if kind == 'I': dna = dna[:index] + random.choice(choice) + dna[index:] elif kind == 'D' and dna: dna = dna[:index] + dna[index+1:] elif kind == 'S' and dna: dna = dna[:index] + random.choice(choice) + dna[index+1:] mutation.append((k2txt[kind], index)) return dna, mutation if __name__ == '__main__': length = 250 print("SEQUENCE:") sequence = ''.join(random.choices('ACGT', weights=(1, 0.8, .9, 1.1), k=length)) seq_pp(sequence) print("\n\nMUTATIONS:") mseq, m = seq_mutate(sequence, 10) for kind, index in m: print(f" {kind:>10} @{index}") print() seq_pp(mseq)
Transform the following Java implementation into Python, maintaining the same output and logic.
public class Tau { private static long divisorCount(long n) { long total = 1; for (; (n & 1) == 0; n >>= 1) { ++total; } for (long p = 3; p * p <= n; p += 2) { long count = 1; for (; n % p == 0; n /= p) { ++count; } total *= count; } if (n > 1) { total *= 2; } return total; } public static void main(String[] args) { final long limit = 100; System.out.printf("The first %d tau numbers are:%n", limit); long count = 0; for (long n = 1; count < limit; ++n) { if (n % divisorCount(n) == 0) { System.out.printf("%6d", n); ++count; if (count % 10 == 0) { System.out.println(); } } } } }
def tau(n): assert(isinstance(n, int) and 0 < n) ans, i, j = 0, 1, 1 while i*i <= n: if 0 == n%i: ans += 1 j = n//i if j != i: ans += 1 i += 1 return ans def is_tau_number(n): assert(isinstance(n, int)) if n <= 0: return False return 0 == n%tau(n) if __name__ == "__main__": n = 1 ans = [] while len(ans) < 100: if is_tau_number(n): ans.append(n) n += 1 print(ans)
Generate a Python translation of this Java snippet without changing its computational steps.
import java.util.Scanner; public class MatrixArithmetic { public static double[][] minor(double[][] a, int x, int y){ int length = a.length-1; double[][] result = new double[length][length]; for(int i=0;i<length;i++) for(int j=0;j<length;j++){ if(i<x && j<y){ result[i][j] = a[i][j]; }else if(i>=x && j<y){ result[i][j] = a[i+1][j]; }else if(i<x && j>=y){ result[i][j] = a[i][j+1]; }else{ result[i][j] = a[i+1][j+1]; } } return result; } public static double det(double[][] a){ if(a.length == 1){ return a[0][0]; }else{ int sign = 1; double sum = 0; for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++){ sum += sign * a[0][i] * det(minor(a,0,i)); sign *= -1; } return sum; } } public static double perm(double[][] a){ if(a.length == 1){ return a[0][0]; }else{ double sum = 0; for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++){ sum += a[0][i] * perm(minor(a,0,i)); } return sum; } } public static void main(String args[]){ Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); int size = sc.nextInt(); double[][] a = new double[size][size]; for(int i=0;i<size;i++) for(int j=0;j<size;j++){ a[i][j] = sc.nextDouble(); } sc.close(); System.out.println("Determinant: "+det(a)); System.out.println("Permanent: "+perm(a)); } }
from itertools import permutations from operator import mul from math import fsum from spermutations import spermutations def prod(lst): return reduce(mul, lst, 1) def perm(a): n = len(a) r = range(n) s = permutations(r) return fsum(prod(a[i][sigma[i]] for i in r) for sigma in s) def det(a): n = len(a) r = range(n) s = spermutations(n) return fsum(sign * prod(a[i][sigma[i]] for i in r) for sigma, sign in s) if __name__ == '__main__': from pprint import pprint as pp for a in ( [ [1, 2], [3, 4]], [ [1, 2, 3, 4], [4, 5, 6, 7], [7, 8, 9, 10], [10, 11, 12, 13]], [ [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4], [ 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], [10, 11, 12, 13, 14], [15, 16, 17, 18, 19], [20, 21, 22, 23, 24]], ): print('') pp(a) print('Perm: %s Det: %s' % (perm(a), det(a)))
Rewrite the snippet below in Python so it works the same as the original Java code.
import java.util.Scanner; public class MatrixArithmetic { public static double[][] minor(double[][] a, int x, int y){ int length = a.length-1; double[][] result = new double[length][length]; for(int i=0;i<length;i++) for(int j=0;j<length;j++){ if(i<x && j<y){ result[i][j] = a[i][j]; }else if(i>=x && j<y){ result[i][j] = a[i+1][j]; }else if(i<x && j>=y){ result[i][j] = a[i][j+1]; }else{ result[i][j] = a[i+1][j+1]; } } return result; } public static double det(double[][] a){ if(a.length == 1){ return a[0][0]; }else{ int sign = 1; double sum = 0; for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++){ sum += sign * a[0][i] * det(minor(a,0,i)); sign *= -1; } return sum; } } public static double perm(double[][] a){ if(a.length == 1){ return a[0][0]; }else{ double sum = 0; for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++){ sum += a[0][i] * perm(minor(a,0,i)); } return sum; } } public static void main(String args[]){ Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); int size = sc.nextInt(); double[][] a = new double[size][size]; for(int i=0;i<size;i++) for(int j=0;j<size;j++){ a[i][j] = sc.nextDouble(); } sc.close(); System.out.println("Determinant: "+det(a)); System.out.println("Permanent: "+perm(a)); } }
from itertools import permutations from operator import mul from math import fsum from spermutations import spermutations def prod(lst): return reduce(mul, lst, 1) def perm(a): n = len(a) r = range(n) s = permutations(r) return fsum(prod(a[i][sigma[i]] for i in r) for sigma in s) def det(a): n = len(a) r = range(n) s = spermutations(n) return fsum(sign * prod(a[i][sigma[i]] for i in r) for sigma, sign in s) if __name__ == '__main__': from pprint import pprint as pp for a in ( [ [1, 2], [3, 4]], [ [1, 2, 3, 4], [4, 5, 6, 7], [7, 8, 9, 10], [10, 11, 12, 13]], [ [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4], [ 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], [10, 11, 12, 13, 14], [15, 16, 17, 18, 19], [20, 21, 22, 23, 24]], ): print('') pp(a) print('Perm: %s Det: %s' % (perm(a), det(a)))
Rewrite the snippet below in Python so it works the same as the original Java code.
import java.math.BigInteger; public class PartitionFunction { public static void main(String[] args) { long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); BigInteger result = partitions(6666); long end = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("P(6666) = " + result); System.out.printf("elapsed time: %d milliseconds\n", end - start); } private static BigInteger partitions(int n) { BigInteger[] p = new BigInteger[n + 1]; p[0] = BigInteger.ONE; for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { p[i] = BigInteger.ZERO; for (int k = 1; ; ++k) { int j = (k * (3 * k - 1))/2; if (j > i) break; if ((k & 1) != 0) p[i] = p[i].add(p[i - j]); else p[i] = p[i].subtract(p[i - j]); j += k; if (j > i) break; if ((k & 1) != 0) p[i] = p[i].add(p[i - j]); else p[i] = p[i].subtract(p[i - j]); } } return p[n]; } }
from itertools import islice def posd(): "diff between position numbers. 1, 2, 3... interleaved with 3, 5, 7..." count, odd = 1, 3 while True: yield count yield odd count, odd = count + 1, odd + 2 def pos_gen(): "position numbers. 1 3 2 5 7 4 9 ..." val = 1 diff = posd() while True: yield val val += next(diff) def plus_minus(): "yield (list_offset, sign) or zero for Partition calc" n, sign = 0, [1, 1] p_gen = pos_gen() out_on = next(p_gen) while True: n += 1 if n == out_on: next_sign = sign.pop(0) if not sign: sign = [-next_sign] * 2 yield -n, next_sign out_on = next(p_gen) else: yield 0 def part(n): "Partition numbers" p = [1] p_m = plus_minus() mods = [] for _ in range(n): next_plus_minus = next(p_m) if next_plus_minus: mods.append(next_plus_minus) p.append(sum(p[offset] * sign for offset, sign in mods)) return p[-1] print("(Intermediaries):") print(" posd:", list(islice(posd(), 10))) print(" pos_gen:", list(islice(pos_gen(), 10))) print(" plus_minus:", list(islice(plus_minus(), 15))) print("\nPartitions:", [part(x) for x in range(15)])
Can you help me rewrite this code in Python instead of Java, keeping it the same logically?
import static java.lang.Math.*; public class RayCasting { static boolean intersects(int[] A, int[] B, double[] P) { if (A[1] > B[1]) return intersects(B, A, P); if (P[1] == A[1] || P[1] == B[1]) P[1] += 0.0001; if (P[1] > B[1] || P[1] < A[1] || P[0] >= max(A[0], B[0])) return false; if (P[0] < min(A[0], B[0])) return true; double red = (P[1] - A[1]) / (double) (P[0] - A[0]); double blue = (B[1] - A[1]) / (double) (B[0] - A[0]); return red >= blue; } static boolean contains(int[][] shape, double[] pnt) { boolean inside = false; int len = shape.length; for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { if (intersects(shape[i], shape[(i + 1) % len], pnt)) inside = !inside; } return inside; } public static void main(String[] a) { double[][] testPoints = {{10, 10}, {10, 16}, {-20, 10}, {0, 10}, {20, 10}, {16, 10}, {20, 20}}; for (int[][] shape : shapes) { for (double[] pnt : testPoints) System.out.printf("%7s ", contains(shape, pnt)); System.out.println(); } } final static int[][] square = {{0, 0}, {20, 0}, {20, 20}, {0, 20}}; final static int[][] squareHole = {{0, 0}, {20, 0}, {20, 20}, {0, 20}, {5, 5}, {15, 5}, {15, 15}, {5, 15}}; final static int[][] strange = {{0, 0}, {5, 5}, {0, 20}, {5, 15}, {15, 15}, {20, 20}, {20, 0}}; final static int[][] hexagon = {{6, 0}, {14, 0}, {20, 10}, {14, 20}, {6, 20}, {0, 10}}; final static int[][][] shapes = {square, squareHole, strange, hexagon}; }
from collections import namedtuple from pprint import pprint as pp import sys Pt = namedtuple('Pt', 'x, y') Edge = namedtuple('Edge', 'a, b') Poly = namedtuple('Poly', 'name, edges') _eps = 0.00001 _huge = sys.float_info.max _tiny = sys.float_info.min def rayintersectseg(p, edge): a,b = edge if a.y > b.y: a,b = b,a if p.y == a.y or p.y == b.y: p = Pt(p.x, p.y + _eps) intersect = False if (p.y > b.y or p.y < a.y) or ( p.x > max(a.x, b.x)): return False if p.x < min(a.x, b.x): intersect = True else: if abs(a.x - b.x) > _tiny: m_red = (b.y - a.y) / float(b.x - a.x) else: m_red = _huge if abs(a.x - p.x) > _tiny: m_blue = (p.y - a.y) / float(p.x - a.x) else: m_blue = _huge intersect = m_blue >= m_red return intersect def _odd(x): return x%2 == 1 def ispointinside(p, poly): ln = len(poly) return _odd(sum(rayintersectseg(p, edge) for edge in poly.edges )) def polypp(poly): print ("\n Polygon(name='%s', edges=(" % poly.name) print (' ', ',\n '.join(str(e) for e in poly.edges) + '\n ))') if __name__ == '__main__': polys = [ Poly(name='square', edges=( Edge(a=Pt(x=0, y=0), b=Pt(x=10, y=0)), Edge(a=Pt(x=10, y=0), b=Pt(x=10, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=10, y=10), b=Pt(x=0, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=0, y=10), b=Pt(x=0, y=0)) )), Poly(name='square_hole', edges=( Edge(a=Pt(x=0, y=0), b=Pt(x=10, y=0)), Edge(a=Pt(x=10, y=0), b=Pt(x=10, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=10, y=10), b=Pt(x=0, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=0, y=10), b=Pt(x=0, y=0)), Edge(a=Pt(x=2.5, y=2.5), b=Pt(x=7.5, y=2.5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=7.5, y=2.5), b=Pt(x=7.5, y=7.5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=7.5, y=7.5), b=Pt(x=2.5, y=7.5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=2.5, y=7.5), b=Pt(x=2.5, y=2.5)) )), Poly(name='strange', edges=( Edge(a=Pt(x=0, y=0), b=Pt(x=2.5, y=2.5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=2.5, y=2.5), b=Pt(x=0, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=0, y=10), b=Pt(x=2.5, y=7.5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=2.5, y=7.5), b=Pt(x=7.5, y=7.5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=7.5, y=7.5), b=Pt(x=10, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=10, y=10), b=Pt(x=10, y=0)), Edge(a=Pt(x=10, y=0), b=Pt(x=2.5, y=2.5)) )), Poly(name='exagon', edges=( Edge(a=Pt(x=3, y=0), b=Pt(x=7, y=0)), Edge(a=Pt(x=7, y=0), b=Pt(x=10, y=5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=10, y=5), b=Pt(x=7, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=7, y=10), b=Pt(x=3, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=3, y=10), b=Pt(x=0, y=5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=0, y=5), b=Pt(x=3, y=0)) )), ] testpoints = (Pt(x=5, y=5), Pt(x=5, y=8), Pt(x=-10, y=5), Pt(x=0, y=5), Pt(x=10, y=5), Pt(x=8, y=5), Pt(x=10, y=10)) print ("\n TESTING WHETHER POINTS ARE WITHIN POLYGONS") for poly in polys: polypp(poly) print (' ', '\t'.join("%s: %s" % (p, ispointinside(p, poly)) for p in testpoints[:3])) print (' ', '\t'.join("%s: %s" % (p, ispointinside(p, poly)) for p in testpoints[3:6])) print (' ', '\t'.join("%s: %s" % (p, ispointinside(p, poly)) for p in testpoints[6:]))
Transform the following Java implementation into Python, maintaining the same output and logic.
import static java.lang.Math.*; public class RayCasting { static boolean intersects(int[] A, int[] B, double[] P) { if (A[1] > B[1]) return intersects(B, A, P); if (P[1] == A[1] || P[1] == B[1]) P[1] += 0.0001; if (P[1] > B[1] || P[1] < A[1] || P[0] >= max(A[0], B[0])) return false; if (P[0] < min(A[0], B[0])) return true; double red = (P[1] - A[1]) / (double) (P[0] - A[0]); double blue = (B[1] - A[1]) / (double) (B[0] - A[0]); return red >= blue; } static boolean contains(int[][] shape, double[] pnt) { boolean inside = false; int len = shape.length; for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { if (intersects(shape[i], shape[(i + 1) % len], pnt)) inside = !inside; } return inside; } public static void main(String[] a) { double[][] testPoints = {{10, 10}, {10, 16}, {-20, 10}, {0, 10}, {20, 10}, {16, 10}, {20, 20}}; for (int[][] shape : shapes) { for (double[] pnt : testPoints) System.out.printf("%7s ", contains(shape, pnt)); System.out.println(); } } final static int[][] square = {{0, 0}, {20, 0}, {20, 20}, {0, 20}}; final static int[][] squareHole = {{0, 0}, {20, 0}, {20, 20}, {0, 20}, {5, 5}, {15, 5}, {15, 15}, {5, 15}}; final static int[][] strange = {{0, 0}, {5, 5}, {0, 20}, {5, 15}, {15, 15}, {20, 20}, {20, 0}}; final static int[][] hexagon = {{6, 0}, {14, 0}, {20, 10}, {14, 20}, {6, 20}, {0, 10}}; final static int[][][] shapes = {square, squareHole, strange, hexagon}; }
from collections import namedtuple from pprint import pprint as pp import sys Pt = namedtuple('Pt', 'x, y') Edge = namedtuple('Edge', 'a, b') Poly = namedtuple('Poly', 'name, edges') _eps = 0.00001 _huge = sys.float_info.max _tiny = sys.float_info.min def rayintersectseg(p, edge): a,b = edge if a.y > b.y: a,b = b,a if p.y == a.y or p.y == b.y: p = Pt(p.x, p.y + _eps) intersect = False if (p.y > b.y or p.y < a.y) or ( p.x > max(a.x, b.x)): return False if p.x < min(a.x, b.x): intersect = True else: if abs(a.x - b.x) > _tiny: m_red = (b.y - a.y) / float(b.x - a.x) else: m_red = _huge if abs(a.x - p.x) > _tiny: m_blue = (p.y - a.y) / float(p.x - a.x) else: m_blue = _huge intersect = m_blue >= m_red return intersect def _odd(x): return x%2 == 1 def ispointinside(p, poly): ln = len(poly) return _odd(sum(rayintersectseg(p, edge) for edge in poly.edges )) def polypp(poly): print ("\n Polygon(name='%s', edges=(" % poly.name) print (' ', ',\n '.join(str(e) for e in poly.edges) + '\n ))') if __name__ == '__main__': polys = [ Poly(name='square', edges=( Edge(a=Pt(x=0, y=0), b=Pt(x=10, y=0)), Edge(a=Pt(x=10, y=0), b=Pt(x=10, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=10, y=10), b=Pt(x=0, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=0, y=10), b=Pt(x=0, y=0)) )), Poly(name='square_hole', edges=( Edge(a=Pt(x=0, y=0), b=Pt(x=10, y=0)), Edge(a=Pt(x=10, y=0), b=Pt(x=10, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=10, y=10), b=Pt(x=0, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=0, y=10), b=Pt(x=0, y=0)), Edge(a=Pt(x=2.5, y=2.5), b=Pt(x=7.5, y=2.5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=7.5, y=2.5), b=Pt(x=7.5, y=7.5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=7.5, y=7.5), b=Pt(x=2.5, y=7.5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=2.5, y=7.5), b=Pt(x=2.5, y=2.5)) )), Poly(name='strange', edges=( Edge(a=Pt(x=0, y=0), b=Pt(x=2.5, y=2.5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=2.5, y=2.5), b=Pt(x=0, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=0, y=10), b=Pt(x=2.5, y=7.5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=2.5, y=7.5), b=Pt(x=7.5, y=7.5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=7.5, y=7.5), b=Pt(x=10, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=10, y=10), b=Pt(x=10, y=0)), Edge(a=Pt(x=10, y=0), b=Pt(x=2.5, y=2.5)) )), Poly(name='exagon', edges=( Edge(a=Pt(x=3, y=0), b=Pt(x=7, y=0)), Edge(a=Pt(x=7, y=0), b=Pt(x=10, y=5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=10, y=5), b=Pt(x=7, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=7, y=10), b=Pt(x=3, y=10)), Edge(a=Pt(x=3, y=10), b=Pt(x=0, y=5)), Edge(a=Pt(x=0, y=5), b=Pt(x=3, y=0)) )), ] testpoints = (Pt(x=5, y=5), Pt(x=5, y=8), Pt(x=-10, y=5), Pt(x=0, y=5), Pt(x=10, y=5), Pt(x=8, y=5), Pt(x=10, y=10)) print ("\n TESTING WHETHER POINTS ARE WITHIN POLYGONS") for poly in polys: polypp(poly) print (' ', '\t'.join("%s: %s" % (p, ispointinside(p, poly)) for p in testpoints[:3])) print (' ', '\t'.join("%s: %s" % (p, ispointinside(p, poly)) for p in testpoints[3:6])) print (' ', '\t'.join("%s: %s" % (p, ispointinside(p, poly)) for p in testpoints[6:]))
Port the following code from Java to Python with equivalent syntax and logic.
import static java.lang.Math.*; import java.util.Locale; public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { Pt a = Pt.fromY(1); Pt b = Pt.fromY(2); System.out.printf("a = %s%n", a); System.out.printf("b = %s%n", b); Pt c = a.plus(b); System.out.printf("c = a + b = %s%n", c); Pt d = c.neg(); System.out.printf("d = -c = %s%n", d); System.out.printf("c + d = %s%n", c.plus(d)); System.out.printf("a + b + d = %s%n", a.plus(b).plus(d)); System.out.printf("a * 12345 = %s%n", a.mult(12345)); } } class Pt { final static int bCoeff = 7; double x, y; Pt(double x, double y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; } static Pt zero() { return new Pt(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY, Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY); } boolean isZero() { return this.x > 1e20 || this.x < -1e20; } static Pt fromY(double y) { return new Pt(cbrt(pow(y, 2) - bCoeff), y); } Pt dbl() { if (isZero()) return this; double L = (3 * this.x * this.x) / (2 * this.y); double x2 = pow(L, 2) - 2 * this.x; return new Pt(x2, L * (this.x - x2) - this.y); } Pt neg() { return new Pt(this.x, -this.y); } Pt plus(Pt q) { if (this.x == q.x && this.y == q.y) return dbl(); if (isZero()) return q; if (q.isZero()) return this; double L = (q.y - this.y) / (q.x - this.x); double xx = pow(L, 2) - this.x - q.x; return new Pt(xx, L * (this.x - xx) - this.y); } Pt mult(int n) { Pt r = Pt.zero(); Pt p = this; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i <<= 1) { if ((i & n) != 0) r = r.plus(p); p = p.dbl(); } return r; } @Override public String toString() { if (isZero()) return "Zero"; return String.format(Locale.US, "(%.3f,%.3f)", this.x, this.y); } }
class Point: b = 7 def __init__(self, x=float('inf'), y=float('inf')): self.x = x self.y = y def copy(self): return Point(self.x, self.y) def is_zero(self): return self.x > 1e20 or self.x < -1e20 def neg(self): return Point(self.x, -self.y) def dbl(self): if self.is_zero(): return self.copy() try: L = (3 * self.x * self.x) / (2 * self.y) except ZeroDivisionError: return Point() x = L * L - 2 * self.x return Point(x, L * (self.x - x) - self.y) def add(self, q): if self.x == q.x and self.y == q.y: return self.dbl() if self.is_zero(): return q.copy() if q.is_zero(): return self.copy() try: L = (q.y - self.y) / (q.x - self.x) except ZeroDivisionError: return Point() x = L * L - self.x - q.x return Point(x, L * (self.x - x) - self.y) def mul(self, n): p = self.copy() r = Point() i = 1 while i <= n: if i&n: r = r.add(p) p = p.dbl() i <<= 1 return r def __str__(self): return "({:.3f}, {:.3f})".format(self.x, self.y) def show(s, p): print(s, "Zero" if p.is_zero() else p) def from_y(y): n = y * y - Point.b x = n**(1./3) if n>=0 else -((-n)**(1./3)) return Point(x, y) a = from_y(1) b = from_y(2) show("a =", a) show("b =", b) c = a.add(b) show("c = a + b =", c) d = c.neg() show("d = -c =", d) show("c + d =", c.add(d)) show("a + b + d =", a.add(b.add(d))) show("a * 12345 =", a.mul(12345))
Please provide an equivalent version of this Java code in Python.
import static java.lang.Math.*; import java.util.Locale; public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { Pt a = Pt.fromY(1); Pt b = Pt.fromY(2); System.out.printf("a = %s%n", a); System.out.printf("b = %s%n", b); Pt c = a.plus(b); System.out.printf("c = a + b = %s%n", c); Pt d = c.neg(); System.out.printf("d = -c = %s%n", d); System.out.printf("c + d = %s%n", c.plus(d)); System.out.printf("a + b + d = %s%n", a.plus(b).plus(d)); System.out.printf("a * 12345 = %s%n", a.mult(12345)); } } class Pt { final static int bCoeff = 7; double x, y; Pt(double x, double y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; } static Pt zero() { return new Pt(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY, Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY); } boolean isZero() { return this.x > 1e20 || this.x < -1e20; } static Pt fromY(double y) { return new Pt(cbrt(pow(y, 2) - bCoeff), y); } Pt dbl() { if (isZero()) return this; double L = (3 * this.x * this.x) / (2 * this.y); double x2 = pow(L, 2) - 2 * this.x; return new Pt(x2, L * (this.x - x2) - this.y); } Pt neg() { return new Pt(this.x, -this.y); } Pt plus(Pt q) { if (this.x == q.x && this.y == q.y) return dbl(); if (isZero()) return q; if (q.isZero()) return this; double L = (q.y - this.y) / (q.x - this.x); double xx = pow(L, 2) - this.x - q.x; return new Pt(xx, L * (this.x - xx) - this.y); } Pt mult(int n) { Pt r = Pt.zero(); Pt p = this; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i <<= 1) { if ((i & n) != 0) r = r.plus(p); p = p.dbl(); } return r; } @Override public String toString() { if (isZero()) return "Zero"; return String.format(Locale.US, "(%.3f,%.3f)", this.x, this.y); } }
class Point: b = 7 def __init__(self, x=float('inf'), y=float('inf')): self.x = x self.y = y def copy(self): return Point(self.x, self.y) def is_zero(self): return self.x > 1e20 or self.x < -1e20 def neg(self): return Point(self.x, -self.y) def dbl(self): if self.is_zero(): return self.copy() try: L = (3 * self.x * self.x) / (2 * self.y) except ZeroDivisionError: return Point() x = L * L - 2 * self.x return Point(x, L * (self.x - x) - self.y) def add(self, q): if self.x == q.x and self.y == q.y: return self.dbl() if self.is_zero(): return q.copy() if q.is_zero(): return self.copy() try: L = (q.y - self.y) / (q.x - self.x) except ZeroDivisionError: return Point() x = L * L - self.x - q.x return Point(x, L * (self.x - x) - self.y) def mul(self, n): p = self.copy() r = Point() i = 1 while i <= n: if i&n: r = r.add(p) p = p.dbl() i <<= 1 return r def __str__(self): return "({:.3f}, {:.3f})".format(self.x, self.y) def show(s, p): print(s, "Zero" if p.is_zero() else p) def from_y(y): n = y * y - Point.b x = n**(1./3) if n>=0 else -((-n)**(1./3)) return Point(x, y) a = from_y(1) b = from_y(2) show("a =", a) show("b =", b) c = a.add(b) show("c = a + b =", c) d = c.neg() show("d = -c =", d) show("c + d =", c.add(d)) show("a + b + d =", a.add(b.add(d))) show("a * 12345 =", a.mul(12345))
Write the same code in Python as shown below in Java.
public class CountSubstring { public static int countSubstring(String subStr, String str){ return (str.length() - str.replace(subStr, "").length()) / subStr.length(); } public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.println(countSubstring("th", "the three truths")); System.out.println(countSubstring("abab", "ababababab")); System.out.println(countSubstring("a*b", "abaabba*bbaba*bbab")); } }
>>> "the three truths".count("th") 3 >>> "ababababab".count("abab") 2
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from Java to Python, same semantics.
public class PrimeDigits { private static boolean primeDigitsSum13(int n) { int sum = 0; while (n > 0) { int r = n % 10; if (r != 2 && r != 3 && r != 5 && r != 7) { return false; } n /= 10; sum += r; } return sum == 13; } public static void main(String[] args) { int c = 0; for (int i = 1; i < 1_000_000; i++) { if (primeDigitsSum13(i)) { System.out.printf("%6d ", i); if (c++ == 10) { c = 0; System.out.println(); } } } System.out.println(); } }
from collections import deque def prime_digits_sum(r): q = deque([(r, 0)]) while q: r, n = q.popleft() for d in 2, 3, 5, 7: if d >= r: if d == r: yield n + d break q.append((r - d, (n + d) * 10)) print(*prime_digits_sum(13))
Convert this Java block to Python, preserving its control flow and logic.
public class PrimeDigits { private static boolean primeDigitsSum13(int n) { int sum = 0; while (n > 0) { int r = n % 10; if (r != 2 && r != 3 && r != 5 && r != 7) { return false; } n /= 10; sum += r; } return sum == 13; } public static void main(String[] args) { int c = 0; for (int i = 1; i < 1_000_000; i++) { if (primeDigitsSum13(i)) { System.out.printf("%6d ", i); if (c++ == 10) { c = 0; System.out.println(); } } } System.out.println(); } }
from collections import deque def prime_digits_sum(r): q = deque([(r, 0)]) while q: r, n = q.popleft() for d in 2, 3, 5, 7: if d >= r: if d == r: yield n + d break q.append((r - d, (n + d) * 10)) print(*prime_digits_sum(13))
Generate an equivalent Python version of this Java code.
public class Compare { public static void compare (String A, String B) { if (A.equals(B)) System.debug(A + ' and ' + B + ' are lexically equal.'); else System.debug(A + ' and ' + B + ' are not lexically equal.'); if (A.equalsIgnoreCase(B)) System.debug(A + ' and ' + B + ' are case-insensitive lexically equal.'); else System.debug(A + ' and ' + B + ' are not case-insensitive lexically equal.'); if (A.compareTo(B) < 0) System.debug(A + ' is lexically before ' + B); else if (A.compareTo(B) > 0) System.debug(A + ' is lexically after ' + B); if (A.compareTo(B) >= 0) System.debug(A + ' is not lexically before ' + B); if (A.compareTo(B) <= 0) System.debug(A + ' is not lexically after ' + B); System.debug('The lexical relationship is: ' + A.compareTo(B)); } }
fun compare(a, b): print("\n$a is of type ${typeof(a)} and $b is of type ${typeof(b)}") if a < b: print("$a is strictly less than $b") if a <= b: print("$a is less than or equal to $b") if a > b: print("$a is strictly greater than $b") if a >= b: print("$a is greater than or equal to $b") if a == b: print("$a is equal to $b") if a != b: print("$a is not equal to $b") if a is b: print("$a has object identity with $b") if a is not b: print("$a has negated object identity with $b") compare("YUP", "YUP") compare('a', 'z') compare("24", "123") compare(24, 123) compare(5.0, 5)
Convert the following code from Java to Python, ensuring the logic remains intact.
import java.io.*; import java.nio.channels.*; import java.util.Date; public class TakeNotes { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { if (args.length > 0) { PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(new FileOutputStream("notes.txt", true)); ps.println(new Date()); ps.print("\t" + args[0]); for (int i = 1; i < args.length; i++) ps.print(" " + args[i]); ps.println(); ps.close(); } else { FileChannel fc = new FileInputStream("notes.txt").getChannel(); fc.transferTo(0, fc.size(), Channels.newChannel(System.out)); fc.close(); } } }
import sys, datetime, shutil if len(sys.argv) == 1: try: with open('notes.txt', 'r') as f: shutil.copyfileobj(f, sys.stdout) except IOError: pass else: with open('notes.txt', 'a') as f: f.write(datetime.datetime.now().isoformat() + '\n') f.write("\t%s\n" % ' '.join(sys.argv[1:]))
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Java to Python.
import java.io.*; import java.nio.channels.*; import java.util.Date; public class TakeNotes { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { if (args.length > 0) { PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(new FileOutputStream("notes.txt", true)); ps.println(new Date()); ps.print("\t" + args[0]); for (int i = 1; i < args.length; i++) ps.print(" " + args[i]); ps.println(); ps.close(); } else { FileChannel fc = new FileInputStream("notes.txt").getChannel(); fc.transferTo(0, fc.size(), Channels.newChannel(System.out)); fc.close(); } } }
import sys, datetime, shutil if len(sys.argv) == 1: try: with open('notes.txt', 'r') as f: shutil.copyfileobj(f, sys.stdout) except IOError: pass else: with open('notes.txt', 'a') as f: f.write(datetime.datetime.now().isoformat() + '\n') f.write("\t%s\n" % ' '.join(sys.argv[1:]))
Convert the following code from Java to Python, ensuring the logic remains intact.
import static java.lang.Math.*; public class Test { final static int N = 32; final static int N2 = (N * (N - 1) / 2); final static double STEP = 0.05; static double[] xval = new double[N]; static double[] t_sin = new double[N]; static double[] t_cos = new double[N]; static double[] t_tan = new double[N]; static double[] r_sin = new double[N2]; static double[] r_cos = new double[N2]; static double[] r_tan = new double[N2]; static double rho(double[] x, double[] y, double[] r, int i, int n) { if (n < 0) return 0; if (n == 0) return y[i]; int idx = (N - 1 - n) * (N - n) / 2 + i; if (r[idx] != r[idx]) r[idx] = (x[i] - x[i + n]) / (rho(x, y, r, i, n - 1) - rho(x, y, r, i + 1, n - 1)) + rho(x, y, r, i + 1, n - 2); return r[idx]; } static double thiele(double[] x, double[] y, double[] r, double xin, int n) { if (n > N - 1) return 1; return rho(x, y, r, 0, n) - rho(x, y, r, 0, n - 2) + (xin - x[n]) / thiele(x, y, r, xin, n + 1); } public static void main(String[] args) { for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { xval[i] = i * STEP; t_sin[i] = sin(xval[i]); t_cos[i] = cos(xval[i]); t_tan[i] = t_sin[i] / t_cos[i]; } for (int i = 0; i < N2; i++) r_sin[i] = r_cos[i] = r_tan[i] = Double.NaN; System.out.printf("%16.14f%n", 6 * thiele(t_sin, xval, r_sin, 0.5, 0)); System.out.printf("%16.14f%n", 3 * thiele(t_cos, xval, r_cos, 0.5, 0)); System.out.printf("%16.14f%n", 4 * thiele(t_tan, xval, r_tan, 1.0, 0)); } }
import math def thieleInterpolator(x, y): ρ = [[yi]*(len(y)-i) for i, yi in enumerate(y)] for i in range(len(ρ)-1): ρ[i][1] = (x[i] - x[i+1]) / (ρ[i][0] - ρ[i+1][0]) for i in range(2, len(ρ)): for j in range(len(ρ)-i): ρ[j][i] = (x[j]-x[j+i]) / (ρ[j][i-1]-ρ[j+1][i-1]) + ρ[j+1][i-2] ρ0 = ρ[0] def t(xin): a = 0 for i in range(len(ρ0)-1, 1, -1): a = (xin - x[i-1]) / (ρ0[i] - ρ0[i-2] + a) return y[0] + (xin-x[0]) / (ρ0[1]+a) return t xVal = [i*.05 for i in range(32)] tSin = [math.sin(x) for x in xVal] tCos = [math.cos(x) for x in xVal] tTan = [math.tan(x) for x in xVal] iSin = thieleInterpolator(tSin, xVal) iCos = thieleInterpolator(tCos, xVal) iTan = thieleInterpolator(tTan, xVal) print('{:16.14f}'.format(6*iSin(.5))) print('{:16.14f}'.format(3*iCos(.5))) print('{:16.14f}'.format(4*iTan(1)))