title stringlengths 3 83 | links list | pid stringlengths 3 6 | text stringlengths 549 8.52k | questions list |
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Opera Ireland | [
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"target": "John McCormack (tenor)"
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"target": "Irish Army"
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"target": "RTÉ National Symphony Orchestra"
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... | p_1700 | The Dublin Grand Opera Society (DGOS) was founded in 1941 by Captain (later Colonel) William O'Kelly and a group of opera enthusiasts with John McCormack as its patron. The shows were cast with local singers and a volunteer chorus. Initially the music was provided by the orchestra of the Irish Army music school, and later by the Radio Eireann Symphony Orchestra. The Society put on two one-week seasons of opera throughout the years of World War II. After the war ended the DGOS presented performances by European opera companies such as the Opera-Comique, Hamburg Opera and the Netherlands Opera. From the mid 1950s to 1966, the Society, concentrated on Italian opera with the help of sponsorship from the Italian government. During that time numerous Italian stars and rising stars of the day appeared there, including Luciano Pavarotti who sang in Rigoletto, La traviata, and La bohème. The Italian sponsorship ended in 1966, but the Arts Council of Ireland and the Bord Fáilte (Ireland's tourist board) continued to provide guarantees for any financial losses. New opera companies were brought in, including the Romanian National Opera and the Prague National Theatre.
| [
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"text": "The Dublin Grand Opera Society (DGOS) was founded in 194... |
Atheism | [
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"target": "Middle Ages"
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"target": "Medieval Inquisition"
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"target": "Metaphysics"
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"target": "J... | p_1701 | In Europe, the espousal of atheistic views was rare during the Early Middle Ages and Middle Ages (see Medieval Inquisition); metaphysics and theology were the dominant interests pertaining to religion. There were, however, movements within this period that furthered heterodox conceptions of the Christian god, including differing views of the nature, transcendence, and knowability of God. Individuals and groups such as Johannes Scotus Eriugena, David of Dinant, Amalric of Bena, and the Brethren of the Free Spirit maintained Christian viewpoints with pantheistic tendencies. Nicholas of Cusa held to a form of fideism he called docta ignorantia ("learned ignorance"), asserting that God is beyond human categorization, and thus our knowledge of him is limited to conjecture. William of Ockham inspired anti-metaphysical tendencies with his nominalistic limitation of human knowledge to singular objects, and asserted that the divine essence could not be intuitively or rationally apprehended by human intellect. Followers of Ockham, such as John of Mirecourt and Nicholas of Autrecourt furthered this view. The resulting division between faith and reason influenced later radical and reformist theologians such as John Wycliffe, Jan Hus, and Martin Luther.
| [
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"text": "John Wycliffe"
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... |
William Godolphin (Royalist) | [
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"target": "Maurice of the Palatinate"
},
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"target": "Chard, Somerset"
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168
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"target": "Taunton"
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180
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"target... | p_1702 | The Cornish Royalist army then received orders to rendezvous with Prince Maurice's men, whom they met at Chard in Somerset in June. This combined force now took Taunton, Bridgwater, Dunster Castle and Wells. Their first contact with the Parliamentarian commander William Waller was a cavalry skirmish at Chewton Mendip. Waller was driven out of Monkton Farleigh on 3 July 1643 and on 5 July, two days later, the Royalists won a pyrrhic victory at the Battle of Lansdowne. Sir Bevill Grenvile fell at the battle. The foot were now besieged in Devizes but witnessed the destruction of Waller's forces at Roundway Down. The Western Royalists took Bath, and after joining Prince Rupert on 26 July 1643 they stormed Bristol. The Battle lasted over thirteen hours and at the end the Royalist had taken the City, but lost both Sir Nicholas Slanning and Sir John Trevanion. The Cornish returned to Devon, and unfer Prince Maurice, they took Exeter on 4 September and Dartmonth on 6 October, and arrived back near Plymouth for the winter. Godolphin was knighted at Oxford on 6 May 1644. Later in the year the Royalist captured and disbanded the parliamentary army of the Earl of Essex on 22 August 1644. In 1645 Godolphin's Regiment returned to Exeter to become one of the garrison units and was still there at the fall of the city on 9 April 1646. Godolphin was one of the signatories to the surrender.
| [
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"passage": "main",
"text": "Waller was driven out of Monkton Farleigh"
}
],... |
West Syriac liturgical rites | [
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"target": "Syriac Christianity"
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"target": "East Syriac Rite"
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"target": "Church of the East"
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"... | p_1703 | West Syriac liturgies represent one of the major strains in Syriac Christianity, the other being the East Syriac Rite, the liturgy of the Church of the East and its descendants. Distinct West Syriac liturgies developed following the Council of Chalcedon (451), which largely divided the Christian community in Antioch into Melkites, who supported the Emperor and the Council and adopted the Byzantine Rite, and the non-Chalcedonians, who rejected the council and developed an independent liturgy – the West Syriac Rite. An independent West Syriac community that grew around the monastery of Saint Maron eventually developed into the Maronite Church, which uses its own Maronite Rite. A variant of the West Syriac Rite, the Malankara Rite, developed in the Malankara Church of India and is still used in its descendant churches.
| [
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"end": 1578,
"passage": "syriac christianity",
"start": 1557,
"text": "Aramaic-speaking Jews"
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
... |
San Nicolas Island | [
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"target": "Tongva language"
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"target": "California"
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"target": "Channel Islands (California)"
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"targ... | p_1704 | San Nicolas Island (Tongva: Haraasnga) is the most remote of California's Channel Islands, located 61 miles (98 km) from the nearest point on the mainland coast. It is part of Ventura County. The 14,562 acre (58.93 km or 22.753 sq mi) island is currently controlled by the United States Navy and is used as a weapons testing and training facility, served by Naval Outlying Field San Nicolas Island. The uninhabited island is defined by the United States Census Bureau as Block Group 9, Census Tract 36.04 of Ventura County, California. The Nicoleño Native American tribe inhabited the island until 1835. As of the 2000 U.S. Census, the island has since remained officially uninhabited, though the census estimates that at least 200 military and civilian personnel live on the island at any given time. The island has a small airport, though the 10,000 foot runway is the second longest in Ventura County (slightly behind the 11,102 ft. at the Naval Air Station Point Mugu). Additionally, there are several buildings including telemetry reception antennas.
| [
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"text": "The island has a small airport, though the 10,000 foot ru... |
Bunty Lawless | [
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"target": "Great Depression"
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"target": "Cup and Saucer Stakes"
},
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"target": "Queen's Plate"
},
{
"indices": [
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"tar... | p_1705 | Racing during the Great Depression of the 1930s, Bunty Lawless competed for purse money that was very small. At age two, he finished first or second in all but one of his ten races. The one time he was out of the money that year was in the Cup and Saucer Stakes, when his equipment broke. In 1938, the horse was the top 3-year-old in Canada, and his victory in the King's Plate, his country's most prestigious race, was enormously popular with the public. In an era when millionaires still dominated Thoroughbred horse racing, the owner and breeder of Bunty Lawless was the opposite. The working man's hero, Willie Morrissey grew up penniless in the poorest section of Toronto, worked as a newsboy, then became a successful hotel owner and boxing promoter. At the race track, he sat in the cheap grandstand seats with the rest of the crowd and was frowned upon by the aristocratic elite owners in their top hats and tails, seated in their exclusive viewing boxes.
| [
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"context": [
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"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1938, the horse was the top 3-year-old in Canada, and ... |
Paul Penson | [
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"target": "United States Air Force"
},
{
"indices": [
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"target": "United States Army"
},
{
"indices": [
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"target": "Starting pitcher"
},
{
"indices": [
602,
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],... | p_1706 | Penson's professional career began in April 1954 after he had had a successful three-year skein as a pitcher while he served in the military. Penson won 50 games pitching for his base team, although sources disagree about the branch in which he served, reported as the United States Air Force and the U.S. Army. Penson made the Phillies out of training camp in 1954 as a member of the team's early-season, 28-man roster. His five games pitched included three starts, and he split two decisions. His lone MLB win came in his first start, on Sunday, May 16, 1954. in the second game of a doubleheader at Connie Mack Stadium. He went six innings against the St. Louis Cardinals, and allowed four hits, four bases on balls, and one earned run. But he was forced to leave the game leading 6–3 when the game was suspended because of Pennsylvania blue laws prohibiting sporting events on Sunday evenings. The game resumed on Monday, May 17, and Philadelphia went on to win, 8–4; veteran Murry Dickson nailed down the save with three innings of one-run relief.
| [
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"end": 30,
"passage": "united states army",
"start": 12,
"text": "United States Army"
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"context": [
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"in... |
Great Britain in the Seven Years' War | [
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"target": "Ohio Country"
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"target": "Thirteen Colonies"
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"indices": [
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84
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"target": "New France"
},
{
"indices": [
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172
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"target": "Montreal"... | p_1707 | The Ohio Country located between Britain's Thirteen Colonies and France's New France saw France and Britain clash. In 1753 the French sent an expedition south from Montreal that began constructing forts in the upper reaches of the Ohio River. In 1754 the Province of Virginia sent the Virginia Regiment led by George Washington to the area to assist in the construction of a British fort at present-day Pittsburgh, but the larger French force had driven away a smaller British advance party and built Fort Duquesne. Washington and some native allies ambushed a company of French scouts at the Battle of Jumonville Glen in late May 1754. In the skirmish the French envoy Joseph Coulon de Jumonville was left dead leading to a diplomatic incident. The French responded in force from Fort Duquesne, and in July Washington was forced to surrender at the Battle of Fort Necessity. Despite the conflict between them, the two nations were not yet formally at war.
| [
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"passage": "fort duquesne",
"start": 295,
"text": "Pennsylvania"
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"context": [
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"indices": [... |
Haraldur Sigurðsson | [
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"target": "Caribbean"
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"indices": [
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"target": "University of Rhode Island"
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"indices": [
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318
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"target": "Mount Vesuvius"
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"indices": [
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"targ... | p_1708 | Sigurðsson worked on monitoring and research of the volcanoes of the Caribbean until 1974, when he was appointed professor at the Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island. He is best known for his work on the reconstruction of major volcanic eruptions of the past, including the eruption of Vesuvius in Italy in AD 79 and the consequent destruction of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. In 1991 he discovered tektite glass spherules at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary (K–T boundary) in Haiti, providing proof for a meteorite impact at the time of the extinction of the dinosaurs. In 2004 he discovered the lost town of Tambora in Indonesia, which was buried by the colossal 1815 explosive eruption of Tambora volcano. In 1999, Haraldur Sigurdsson published a scholarly account of the history of volcanology. He was also editor in chief of the Encyclopedia of Volcanoes, also published in 1999. He was awarded the Coke Medal of the Geological Society of London in 2004.
| [
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"passage": "university of rhode island",
"start": 201,
"text": "Rhode Island"
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... |
I Married Marge | [
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"indices": [
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"target": "Barney Gumble"
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"indices": [
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"target": "Charlie's Angels"
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"indices": [
243,
257
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"target": "Farrah Fawcett"
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347
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"target":... | p_1709 | Homer's encounter with the doughnut delivery man is a reference to a scene in the film Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory. Homer and his best friend Barney Gumble are watching Charlie's Angels when Marge tells the news of her pregnancy. A of Farrah Fawcett, a cast member of Charlie's Angels, hangs on the wall in Barney's apartment. Dolly Parton's 9to5 is heard when Homer looks for a new job. The sign outside the wedding chapel resembles Vegas Vic from the Pioneer Club in Las Vegas. When Homer returns to the power plant to apply for a job the second time, Mr. Burns is seen playing the arcade game Ms. Pac-Man. The episode marks the first appearance of Burns's assistant Smithers's first name, Waylon, which comes from the puppeteer Wayland Flowers. When Homer is working at the Gulp N' Blow, he is wearing an "I Shot J.R." T-Shirt, a reference to the Who Shot J.R.? storyline in Dallas in 1980.
| [] |
Lansing Mall | [
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"indices": [
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"target": "T.J. Cinnamons"
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"indices": [
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"target": "Champs Sports"
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"target": "Midwestern United States"
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"... | p_1710 | Many store closings ensued at the mall in the early 1990s, including five chain clothing stores and a T.J. Cinnamons bakery all in late 1991 and early 1992. Despite these closures, the mall also gained Champs Sports and a dollar store, and its occupancy level of 92 percent was higher than the average occupancy rate of 85 percent for malls in the Midwestern United States at the time. Limited Brands (now L Brands) opened three stores then under its ownership in 1993: a combination Limited Express/Structure store (now known as Express and Express Men, respectively) and Victoria's Secret. The combined Limited Express/Structure took the place of Herman's World of Sporting Goods, which had closed earlier in the year. According to the mall's then-general manager, Limited Brands had wanted to open all three brands at the mall for several years, and that all three were highly demanded by shoppers due to their presence at Meridian Mall. Following these additions, Lansing and Meridian malls had nearly 60 stores in common with each other and nearly 40 others that were unique to each. In 1995, the mall received new planters and an enlarged customer service booth. Meanwhile, RadioShack and Regis Hairstylists moved to new storefronts, Lane Bryant expanded its existing store, and Buckle, Bombay Company, and Pacific Sunwear joined. These were followed in 1996 by Gymboree, Bath & Body Works, and the second Disney Store in the state of Michigan.
| [
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"passage": "main",
"text": "Despite these closures, the mall also gained Champs Sport... |
Harvey Lisberg | [
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"target": "The Moody Blues"
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51
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"target": "Hotlegs"
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"target": "Ramases"
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{
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"target": "Neil Sedaka"
},... | p_1711 | After supporting The Moody Blues on tour as Hotlegs, and their acclaimed work as studio band for Ramases, Kasenetz-Katz, Neil Sedaka and others, the four session musicians decided to pool their talents as a unit. In 1972, they signed to Jonathan King's UK Records label, who named the band 10cc releasing two albums, 10cc (1973), and Sheet Music (1974), which featured five UK hit singles, "Donna" – No. 2, "Rubber Bullets" – No. 1, "The Dean and I" – No. 10, "The Wall Street Shuffle" – No. 10 and "Silly Love" – No. 24. The band satirized its small royalty in "4% of Something", and Lisberg tried to leverage the band's success by renegotiating but UK Records was intransigent. In 1975, for a big advance and fair royalty, 10cc left UK Records and moved to Phonogram.
| [
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"context": [
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"text": "In 1975, for a big advance and fair royalty, 10cc left UK... |
Roussel de Bailleul | [
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"target": "Battle of Manzikert"
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"target": "Anatolia"
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"target": "Galatia"
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512
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"target": "Southern ... | p_1712 | He was present at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, where he refused to join the fray; the battle proved to be a disastrous defeat for the Byzantines. Despite this treachery, he was kept in imperial service, where good generals were needed, and was sent into Asia Minor again with a force of 3,000 Franco-Norman heavy cavalry. There Roussel conquered some territory in Galatia and declared it an independent state in 1073, with himself as prince, following the example set by his fellow Normans in the Mezzogiorno. His capital was Ankara, now the capital of Turkey. He defeated the Caesar John Ducas and sacked Chrysopolis, near Constantinople. He even supported a usurper candidate, but by formally ceding lands that the Seljuk Turks had actually conquered, the emperor Michael VII persuaded the Seljuk warlord Tutush I to remove Roussel. However both Ducas and Roussel were defeated and captured by Turkish forces, fortunately for Roussel his wife was able to pay the ransom demanded by the Turks allowing Roussel to return to Amasea, where the population so loved him that he made himself undisputed governor. He was given up by the people through a ploy of Alexius Comnenus (1074), then a general, later an emperor.
| [
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84
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"text": "He was present at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, where he... |
Live in Atlantic City | [
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"target": "Singer-songwriter"
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"indices": [
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"target": "Sia (musician)"
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"target": "Life Is But a Dream"
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"t... | p_1713 | Live in Atlantic City contains live performances of twenty-one songs along with a new song "God Made You Beautiful", written by Australian singer-songwriter Sia Furler. Several short excerpts of the performances found on the film are also featured in Life Is But a Dream itself. The film opens with Beyoncé appearing in front of a large screen with her silhouette being seen. As the music of "End of Time" starts, she performs a choreography with her female dancers and French duo Les Twins on stage further singing the song's lyrics. "Get Me Bodied" follows with a similarly choreographed performance and for the third song "Baby Boy", the singer dances with her background dancers in front of a holographic background performing a Dutty Wine dance at the end. "Crazy in Love" and "Diva" are featured as the fourth and fifth song, respectively. "Naughty Girl" is preceded by a video projection with a voice-over by Beyoncé talking about female sexuality. A snippet of Donna Summer's "Love to Love You Baby" is interpolated within it and the singer performs the song with her female dancers. She continues with "Party" for which a prominent Las Vegas showgirl theme is featured.
| [] |
102nd Regiment of Foot (Royal Madras Fusiliers) | [
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"target": "East India Company"
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"target": "Sepoy"
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"target": "Siege of Arcot"
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"target": "Carnat... | p_1714 | The regiment was raised by the Honourable East India Company as the Madras Europeans from independent companies in 1742 – "European" indicating it was composed of white soldiers, not Indian sepoys. It saw action at the Siege of Arcot in autumn 1751 during the Second Carnatic War and went on to fight at the Battle of Plassey in June 1757, the Battle of Condore in December 1758 and the Battle of Wandiwash in January 1760 during the Seven Years' War. It also fought at the Siege of Pondicherry in September 1760 during the Third Carnatic War. It became the 1st Madras Europeans, on formation of the 2nd and 3rd Madras Europeans, in 1766. It went on to become the 1st Madras European Regiment in 1774. After that it took part in the Siege of Nundydroog in October 1791 and the Siege of Seringapatam in February 1792 during the Third Anglo-Mysore War.
| [
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"text": "the Kingdom of Mysore and the East India Company "
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},... |
Jake Taylor (footballer, born 1998) | [
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"target": "Moorside High School, Swinton"
},
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"target": "Swinton, Greater Manchester"
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{
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"target": "Manchester United F.C."
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{
"indices": [
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... | p_1715 | Taylor was a pupil at Moorside High School in Swinton, Greater Manchester and was associated with Manchester United as a schoolboy until he was not offered a scholarship at Old Trafford at the age of 16. In July 2015 he began a two-year apprenticeship at Nottingham Forest's youth-team. On 30 August 2019, he joined EFL League Two side Port Vale on loan after impressing manager John Askey in training games during a trial spell. Taylro said that "Port Vale have strong links with Forest, as you have seen with Adam Crookes and also Toby Edser came in. Phil Sproson is good friends with the academy manager Gary Brazil so the link is there. They have shown an interest and I have jumped at it." He made his debut the following day, coming on as a 67th-minute substitute for Cristian Montaño in a 1–0 win over Cambridge United at Vale Park. He later said that "I knew it would be physical but I think I have dealt with that quite well. Probably the speed of the game has surprised me." On 24 September, he scored his first goal in senior football in a 3–2 victory at Macclesfield Town in the EFL Trophy. He scored his first league goal four days later, bending the ball into the top corner from the edge of the penalty area in a 3–3 draw at Leyton Orient. On 2 November, he scored the only goal of the game at local rivals Crewe Alexandra.
| [
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"text": "Evangelos Marinakis"
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... |
West Kirby railway station | [
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"target": "Wirral Railway"
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"target": "Great Float"
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"target": "Hoylake"
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317
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"target": "Wirral Rail... | p_1716 | In 1873, the Hoylake and Birkenhead Railway was authorised to construct two extensions to its lines. One was a short connecting section near to Birkenhead docks, and the other was the extension from Hoylake to West Kirby. The station and the extension were opened on 1 April 1878 as the terminus of the Wirral Railway's route from Birkenhead Park station. The station's original signal box was built in 1886, to a London and North Western Railway (LNWR) design. This signal box was removed and replaced in 1932. After the opening of the Mersey Railway Tunnel in 1886, carriages were operated through Birkenhead Park, every half-hour, all the way to James Street station in Liverpool. As traffic increased, the line into West Kirby was doubled, from a single track, in 1896. After a board meeting on 28 October 1895, it was decided to extend the line from Hooton, into West Kirby. The station was relocated on the western side of the original station, with an enlarged island platform and rebuilt, in 1898-9, in red brick, with a turreted clock tower and mock Tudor frontage. A further platform was constructed for the Hooton line, on the eastern side of the original station. The site of the original station was used for goods sidings. In the present day, this is the site of The Concourse, a community building operated by Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council.
| [
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... |
Gypsy Joe | [
{
"indices": [
93,
104
],
"target": "Puerto Rico"
},
{
"indices": [
177,
190
],
"target": "Pedro Morales"
},
{
"indices": [
195,
211
],
"target": "Carlos Colón Sr."
},
{
"indices": [
254,
270
],
"target": "Su... | p_1717 | Meléndez began his wrestling career in 1951 at age 18. During a lengthy tenure in his native Puerto Rico, he went under various monikers and learned the ropes with the likes of Pedro Morales and Carlos Colón Sr.. Meléndez made his United States debut at Sunnyside Garden in Long Island, New York in 1963. Primarily using the name Gypsy Joe by this point, he mainly worked for Nick Gulas and later Jerry Jarrett in the Southeastern region, particularly Mid-Southern Wrestling. During his Gulas run, he was often teamed with heels like Tojo Yamamoto, with whom he formed the No Pain Train, and The Cuban Assassin. He also joined forces with Frank Martinez to be collectively known as the Blue Infernos. The masked duo would attain tag team championships on numerous occasions. By the 1970s, Gypsy Joe was a local star of Chattanooga, Tennessee, regularly performing at Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Auditorium on Saturdays and appearing on local WDEF-TV. His career wasn't limited to the South, however, winning championships around the country as well as in Canada’s Stampede Wrestling.
| [
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{
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"text": "April 25, 1954,"
}
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... |
2010 New York Jets season | [
{
"indices": [
149,
161
],
"target": "Robbie Gould"
},
{
"indices": [
200,
210
],
"target": "Matt Forte"
},
{
"indices": [
267,
279
],
"target": "Shonn Greene"
},
{
"indices": [
320,
333
],
"target": "Dwight ... | p_1718 | Coming off their win over the Steelers the Jets played an interconference duel with the Bears. In the first quarter the Jets trailed early as kicker Robbie Gould got a 37-yard field goal, followed by Matt Forte getting a 22-yard TD run. The Jets pulled ahead with RB Shonn Greene getting a 3-yard TD run, followed by CB Dwight Lowery returning an interception 20 yards for a touchdown, followed by RB LaDainian Tomlinson getting a 3-yard TD run letting the Jets lead 21–10. The lead was narrowed as QB Jay Cutler scrambled 2 yards for a touchdown, but was soon extended as kicker Nick Folk made a 26-yard field goal. They trailed again with Cutler completing a 40 and a 25-yard TD pass to wide receivers Devin Hester and Johnny Knox respectively, but soon were able to tie the game with QB Mark Sanchez throwing a 23-yard TD pass to WR Santonio Holmes. The Bears escaped the tie with Cutler finding Knox again on a 26-yard TD pass. The Jets tried to come back, but only came away with a 34-yard field goal from Folk. When the Jets got the ball back, Sanchez threw a pass intended for Holmes, only to be intercepted by safety Chris Harris with 0:58 to go.
| [
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{
"indices": [
39,
186
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "the Jets played an interconference duel with the Bears. In... |
2014 Northern Illinois Huskies football team | [
{
"indices": [
61,
89
],
"target": "Northern Illinois University"
},
{
"indices": [
97,
137
],
"target": "2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season"
},
{
"indices": [
188,
211
],
"target": "Mid-American Conference"
},
{
"indices"... | p_1719 | The 2014 Northern Illinois Huskies football team represented Northern Illinois University in the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Huskies competed in the West Division of the Mid-American Conference. They were led by second-year head coach Rod Carey. They played their home games at Huskie Stadium. The Huskies' regular season loss to Central Michigan snapped a 26-game home winning streak dating back to the 2009 season. They finished the season 11–3, 7–1 in MAC play to win a share of the MAC West Division Title with Toledo. Due to their head-to-head win over Toledo, the Huskies represented the West Division in the MAC Championship Game where they defeated Bowling Green to be crowned MAC Champions. They were invited to the Boca Raton Bowl where they lost to Conference USA Champion Marshall.
| [
{
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{
"end": 930,
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"start": 920,
"text": "Ohio State"
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],
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"context": [
... |
Pearl Jam discography | [
{
"indices": [
46,
67
],
"target": "Red Hot Chili Peppers"
},
{
"indices": [
76,
86
],
"target": "Jack Irons"
},
{
"indices": [
136,
143
],
"target": "No Code"
},
{
"indices": [
156,
161
],
"target": "Yield (... | p_1720 | Following Abbruzzese's exit in 1994, original Red Hot Chili Peppers drummer Jack Irons joined the band. Pearl Jam subsequently released No Code in 1996 and Yield in 1998. The band once again changed drummers in 1998, with Irons being replaced by former Soundgarden drummer Matt Cameron, who had previously worked with the members of Pearl Jam in the Temple of the Dog project and had drummed on the band's first demos. Cameron has remained as Pearl Jam's drummer ever since. In 1998, Pearl Jam released "Last Kiss" on the band's fan club Christmas single; however, by popular demand, the cover was released to the public as a single in 1999. "Last Kiss" became the band's highest-charting single, peaking at number two on the Billboard Hot 100. In 2000, Pearl Jam released its sixth studio album, Binaural, and initiated a series of "official bootlegs" of live albums. The band released seventy-two such live albums in 2000 and 2001, and set a record for most albums to debut in the Billboard 200 at the same time. The band's seventh studio album, 2002's Riot Act, was their last for Epic. After a one-record deal with J Records in 2006 for the distribution of their eighth studio album, the eponymous Pearl Jam, the band started releasing through self-owned label Monkeywrench Records, starting with their ninth studio album, Backspacer, in 2009. Since its inception, Pearl Jam has sold 32 million albums in the US, including all of the band's live official bootlegs, and over 85 million copies worldwide until 2016.
| [
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
1214,
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],
"passage": "main",
"text": "he band started releasing through self-owned label Monk... |
Egon Mayer | [
{
"indices": [
39,
68
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"target": "United States Army Air Forces"
},
{
"indices": [
119,
141
],
"target": "Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress"
},
{
"indices": [
148,
162
],
"target": "Consolidated B-24 Liberator"
},
{
"indices": [
... | p_1721 | Mayer claimed his first victories over United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) four-engine bombers when he shot down two B-17 Flying Fortresses and a B-24 Liberator on 23 November 1942. Together with fellow fighter ace Georg-Peter Eder, Mayer developed the head-on attack as the most effective tactic against the Allied daylight heavy combat box bomber formations. He received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves on 16 April 1943 after 63 victories. On 1 July 1943, he replaced Walter Oesau as commander of JG 2. He claimed his 90th victory on 31 December 1943 and on 5 February 1944 became the first pilot on the Channel Front to reach 100 victories. Mayer was killed in action on 2 March 1944 while leading an attack on a USAAF bomber formation; he was shot down by P-47 Thunderbolt escort fighters near Montmédy, France. He was posthumously awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords.
| [
{
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"text": "Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress"
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"context": [
... |
Otto Kuhler | [
{
"indices": [
4,
31
],
"target": "American Locomotive Company"
},
{
"indices": [
230,
235
],
"target": "ALCO HH series"
},
{
"indices": [
338,
352
],
"target": "Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad"
},
{
"indices":... | p_1722 | The American Locomotive Company (ALCO) assigned Kuhler to its advertising department in 1931 and commissioned him as a design consultant the following year. His first task was restyling the exterior trim of ALCO's Diesel switcher HH600 that persisted through all following variants. The next task established Kuhler's worldwide fame. The Milwaukee Road wanted a high-speed train for the competitive route between Chicago and Minneapolis. The cars were built in the company's shops, and the four A class locomotives were built by ALCO. Kuhler embellished their inverted bathtub look by a carefully colored livery. These Hiawatha trains became the fastest passenger service in the world by 1935. He had also designed the cars' interior, including the napkins and draperies in the dining car. His finned Beaver Tail observation car of the next generation was sensational, as were again the streamlined second-generation Milwaukee Road class F7 4-6-4 passenger locomotives designed by Kuhler. Also he designed the ALCO DL-109, the predecessor of world-famous ALCO PA diesel locomotives. He also designed Southern Railway (U.S.) Ps-4 class number 1380's streamlined appearance for The Tennessean in 1941. The 1380 was Southern's only streamlined steam engine.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"answer_value": "30",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
92
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The American Locomotive Company (ALCO) assigned Kuhler t... |
Nicola Formichetti | [
{
"indices": [
49,
61
],
"target": "Haus of Gaga"
},
{
"indices": [
106,
113
],
"target": "Wardrobe stylist"
},
{
"indices": [
187,
202
],
"target": "Sebastian Faena"
},
{
"indices": [
369,
382
],
"target": "... | p_1723 | Formichetti is a prominent current member of the Haus of Gaga and his collaboration with Lady Gaga as her stylist or fashion director began in early May 2009 at a shoot with photographer Sebastian Faena for the July 2009 issue of V Magazine (V60), Formichetti saying that "It was an instant love." This was soon followed by a cover shoot for V61 (September issue) with Mario Testino. The following June he was fashion director for her performance at the 2009 MuchMusic Video Awards, and following that for the majority of Lady Gaga's important performances and appearances in the second half of 2009, including at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards in September, where she appeared in four dresses by Jean-Paul Gaultier and one by Alexander McQueen, then on Saturday Night Live in October, where she appeared in a metal orb structure designed by Nazir Mazhar, and later at the Royal Variety Performance in December, where she appeared in a latex dress, by Atsuko Kudo, designed to resemble those worn by Elizabeth I of England, for Gaga's introduction to her namesake Elizabeth II. In the fall she also appeared in the third volume of Vogue Hommes Japan, the editorial titled "Lady Gaga & Araki's Tokyo Love" shot by Nobuyoshi Araki, with fashion direction by Formichetti. Their first collaboration in a music video together, for "Bad Romance", directed by Francis Lawrence, would later be voted Video of the Year and then win the Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video. In this Gaga appears in several outfits and footwear by Alexander McQueen, reappears in the orb by Nazir Mazhar, as well as in a "diamond crown" outfit by Franc Fernandez, and one by her creative team—the Haus of Gaga—among other pieces. Formichetti is also credited as stylist for her album The Fame Monster (shot by Hedi Slimane), and has been fashion director for her sold-out The Monster Ball Tour.
| [
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"answer": {
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{
"end": 25,
"passage": "mario testino",
"start": 12,
"text": "Mario Testino"
}
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{
"indices": [
... |
Ruhakana Rugunda | [
{
"indices": [
20,
35
],
"target": "Kabale District"
},
{
"indices": [
253,
271
],
"target": "Kigezi High School"
},
{
"indices": [
276,
296
],
"target": "Busoga College"
},
{
"indices": [
349,
383
],
"target... | p_1724 | Rugunda was born in Kabale District on 7 November 1947. As a young boy, he would often sit and read the newspapers to his father Surumani Rugunda, and it is these experiences at an early age that sparked his later interest in politics. Rugunda attended Kigezi High School and Busoga College Mwiri where he served as head prefect, before joining the Makerere University Medical School and later the University of Zambia where he studied medicine, graduating a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery. He later studied at the University of California, Berkeley and obtained a Master of Science in public health. Before joining Ugandan politics, Rugunda worked as medical officer in Zambia, as a physician at the District of Columbia General Hospital in Washington, D. C., and at Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya.
| [
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"text": "1,800"
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Thérésa Tallien | [
{
"indices": [
63,
68
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"target": "Salon (gathering)"
},
{
"indices": [
122,
135
],
"target": "Greek Revival architecture"
},
{
"indices": [
136,
152
],
"target": "Directoire style"
},
{
"indices": [
161,
169
],... | p_1725 | Thérésa became one of the leaders of Parisian social life. Her salon was famous and she was one of the originators of the Greek Revival Directoire style women's fashions of the French Directory period. She was a very colorful figure; one story is that she was said to bathe in the juice of strawberries for their healing properties. She once arrived at the Tuileries Palace, then the chief residence of Napoleon Bonaparte, supported by a black page, with eight sapphire rings and six toe rings, a gold bracelet on each ankle and nine bracelets on each arm. To top the look off Theresa had a head band covered in rubies. On another occasion she appeared at the Paris Opera wearing a white silk dress without sleeves and not wearing any underwear. Talleyrand commented: "Il n'est pas possible de s'exposer plus somptueusement!" ("One could not be more sumptuously unclothed!").
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 1029,
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"text": " 17th century"
}
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{
"indices": [... |
Mallory Walker | [
{
"indices": [
49,
78
],
"target": "Oldenburgisches Staatstheater"
},
{
"indices": [
120,
133
],
"target": "Cologne Opera"
},
{
"indices": [
207,
223
],
"target": "Cincinnati Opera"
},
{
"indices": [
229,
248
],
... | p_1726 | In 1963-1964 Walker was a resident artist at the Oldenburgisches Staatstheater. He then became a resident artist at the Cologne Opera from 1964-1966. Other contracts soon followed with such companies as the Cincinnati Opera, the Houston Grand Opera, the Lyric Opera of Kansas City, the Miami Opera, and the New Orleans Opera among others. In 1971 he created the role of Jonathan Gilourin in the world premiere of Dominick Argento’s Colonel Jonathan the Saint at the Denver Lyric Opera. In 1974 he was handpicked by Sir Georg Solti to sing the role of the Evangelist in Bach's St Matthew Passion with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO). He returned twice more for performances with Solti and the CSO for performances of the Shepherd in Stravinsky's Oedipus Rex (1976) and Beethoven's Missa Solemnis (1977); the latter of which was recorded for London Records.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
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"start": 264,
"text": "1833"
}
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Battle of the Raz de Sein | [
{
"indices": [
11,
36
],
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},
{
"indices": [
41,
51
],
"target": "Royal Navy"
},
{
"indices": [
131,
142
],
"target": "French Navy"
},
{
"indices": [
177,
182
],
"target": ... | p_1727 | During the French Revolutionary Wars the Royal Navy had exerted dominance at sea over its continental rivals, most immediately the French Navy with its principal fleet based at Brest on the Breton coast of the Bay of Biscay. To contain this fleet the British practiced a close blockade strategy; maintaining a fleet off Brest whenever weather conditions permitted to prevent the French fleet from breaking out into the Atlantic Ocean. This blockade force also limited French trade and maritime communications, attacking merchant ships and individual warships seeking to resupply or reinforce the main French fleet. This made French maritime journeys extremely hazardous even in inshore waters: in June 1795 the main French fleet had suffered a defeat at the hands of the blockade force at the Battle of Groix in the approaches to the port of Lorient, while at the Action of 13 January 1797 the independently sailing 74-gun ship of the line Droits de l'Homme was driven ashore and destroyed in the approaches to Brest by two frigates of the blockade squadron.
| [
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"text": "During the French Revolutionary Wars the Royal Navy had exe... |
Eli Lequime | [
{
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42
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},
{
"indices": [
119,
132
],
"target": "San Francisco"
},
{
"indices": [
193,
199
],
"target": "France"
},
{
"indices": [
218,
229
],
"target": "Crimean War"
},
... | p_1728 | Eli Lequime (1811–1898) was born in France and began traveling the world in 1825 at the age of fourteen. He arrived in San Francisco in 1852 for the gold rush but soon gave up. Eli returned to France and fought in the Crimean War. He returned to San Francisco by 1856 and with his new wife, Marie Louise (née Altabagoethe) he caught a boat to Victoria, British Columbia. From there, the family caught a boat to the mainland. he had two children, Bernard and Gaston. The family panned for gold at Rock Creek which is west of Osoyoos. During Eli's time at Rock Creek, his son Gaston fell into a miner's sluice box and drowned at two years of age. Eli, Marie Louise and Bernard headed for the Cariboo with the hopes of striking it rich. On their way, Marie Louise gave birth to another son, who they named Gaston. Father Pandosy met the family on the trail and convinced them to come to Okanagan Mission with him. In 1861, Eli registered a land claim northeast of the Mission. Eli built a log home and a trading post on his new property. His store soon became the social and business hub of the area. Eli and Marie Louise had two more children at the Mission, Aminade (1866) and Leon (1870). The Lequime family had over 1,300 heads of cattle and had more than two thousand acres of land. Eli lived in the Mission Valley for twenty-seven years. When he was seventy, Eli decided to move back to San Francisco. By 1888 Eli was in San Francisco with his daughter, Aminade and his niece, Dorothy. Marie Louise would join him a couple years later. In 1905, Eli Lequime's homestead was added to the K.L.O. company for $12,000.00.
| [
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{
"indices": [
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],
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"text": "When he was seventy, Eli decided to move back to San Fr... |
William Stirling (British Army officer, born 1835) | [
{
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12,
29
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},
{
"indices": [
38,
70
],
"target": "Royal Military Academy, Woolwich"
},
{
"indices": [
107,
122
],
"target": "Royal Artillery"
},
{
"indices": [
145,
159
... | p_1729 | Educated at Edinburgh Academy and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Stirling was commissioned into the Royal Artillery and saw action at the Battle of Alma, at the Battle of Balaclava and at the Battle of Inkerman as well as the Siege of Sevastopol during the Crimean War. He took part in the expedition to China during the Second Opium War in 1860 and saw action again during the Second Anglo-Afghan War in 1878. Stirling became Assistant Adjutant and Quarter Master General, Woolwich District in 1880, Commander Royal Artillery for Southern District in 1885 and Governor of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich in 1890. In 1893 he was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in the 1893 Birthday Honours list. He went on to be Lieutenant of the Tower of London in 1900 and was promoted to full general on 5 January 1902, shortly before his retirement in August that year.
| [
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"context": [
... |
History of American Airlines | [
{
"indices": [
619,
630
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},
{
"indices": [
635,
643
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"target": "Shanghai Pudong International Airport"
},
{
"indices": [
686,
691
],
"target": "Incheon International Airport"
},
{
... | p_1730 | American expanded its service to Asia and the Pacific. It was one of the initial US bidders in February 2010 to serve Tokyo's Haneda Airport, and was awarded rights to serve Haneda from New York JFK. American planned to begin JFK-Haneda service in January 2011, but postponed the service until February 2011 citing low booking demand, ultimately terminating its JFK-Narita service in favor of JFK-Haneda service in June 2012. American later cancelled its JFK-Haneda service in October 2013 due to the service being "quite unprofitable" due to the time constraints at Haneda Airport. American also began service between Los Angeles and Shanghai in 2011 and between Dallas/Fort Worth and Seoul in 2013, and from Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport to both Shanghai and Hong Kong in the summer of 2014, providing the first ever nonstop service between Dallas/Fort Worth and China. In October 2014, American filed a report to the DOT to launch flights from Los Angeles to Tokyo-Haneda in place of Delta's Seattle-Tacoma operating slot, sparking a war that lasted for over eight months. American was originally granted the slot as a back-up to Delta's Seattle-Haneda route if it failed to operate on a daily basis on March 28, 2015 (which would give the operating rights to American), but in June 2015, Delta announced the cancellation of its Seattle-Haneda service, claiming the daily operation was not feasible due to the route not being an economically viable one in the Seattle market due to certain regulatory and market conditions. American launched daily service from Los Angeles to Tokyo-Haneda on February 11, 2016 using their Boeing 787 aircraft. American also added daily service from Los Angeles to Sydney, Auckland and Hong Kong on their flagship Boeing 777-300ER (to Sydney and Hong Kong) and Boeing 787-8 (to Auckland) respectively (the flights to Auckland and Sydney was replaced by Boeing 787-9 aircraft in Fall 2017), returning to Australia and New Zealand for the first time since the 1990s and providing the first ever non-stop service between the Continental U.S. and Australia and New Zealand on American Airlines. American added service from Los Angeles to Beijing on November 5, 2017, and has plans for more expansion in the Asia-Pacific region in the coming years. As of November 2017, American Airlines offers service to eight destinations in Asia and Oceania from its hubs in Los Angeles, Chicago and Dallas-Fort Worth, offering a total of fifteen routes.
| [
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{
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... |
Clifford E. Charlesworth | [
{
"indices": [
63,
82
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"target": "Red Wing, Minnesota"
},
{
"indices": [
142,
161
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"target": "Mississippi College"
},
{
"indices": [
169,
186
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"target": "Bachelor's degree"
},
{
"indices": [
190,
197
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... | p_1731 | Clifford Eugene Charlesworth was born on November 29, 1931, in Red Wing, Minnesota, and grew up in Mississippi. He completed his education at Mississippi College with a bachelor's degree in physics in 1958. After a time as a civil servant with the United States Navy and the Pershing missile program of the United States Army, he joined NASA in 1962. He worked at the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, Texas, until 1970. He served as the Flight Director on Gemini 11 and Gemini 12, and as one of the Flight Directors on Apollo 8, the first mission to orbit the Moon; Apollo 11, the first mission to land on the Moon; and Apollo 12, the second Moon landing mission. From 1970 to 1972 he was manager of the Earth observation satellite program. He then worked as Deputy Head of the Payload Section of the Space Shuttle program, as Deputy Director of the Johnson Space Center, and as Director of Space Operations before he retired in 1988.
| [
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{
"indices": [
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"passage": "main",
"text": "He served as the Flight Director on Gemini 11 and Gemini ... |
Charles Merivale | [
{
"indices": [
31,
51
],
"target": "John Herman Merivale"
},
{
"indices": [
100,
112
],
"target": "Joseph Drury"
},
{
"indices": [
128,
134
],
"target": "Harrow School"
},
{
"indices": [
175,
188
],
"target":... | p_1732 | Merivale was the second son of John Herman Merivale (1770–1844) and Louisa Heath Drury, daughter of Joseph Drury, headmaster of Harrow. He was educated at Harrow School under George Butler from 1818 to 1824, where his chief schoolfriends were Charles Wordsworth and Richard Chenevix Trench. He took part in the Eton versus Harrow cricket match in 1824. In 1824 he was offered a post in the Indian civil service, and went for a short time to Haileybury College, where he did well in Oriental languages. Deciding against an Indian career, he went up to St John's College, Cambridge in 1826. Among other distinctions he came out as fourth classic in 1830, and in 1833 was elected fellow of St John's. He was a member of the Apostles' Club, his fellow-members including Tennyson, A. H. Hallam, Monckton Milnes, W. H. Thompson, Trench and James Spedding. Merivale was the main protagonist on the Cambridge side in instigating the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race held at Henley on Thames in 1829. He rowed at number four in the Cambridge boat in the race which Oxford won.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years old",
"answer_value": "20",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
112
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Merivale was the second son of John Herman Merivale... |
List of Marvel Cinematic Universe television series | [
{
"indices": [
16,
19
],
"target": "American Broadcasting Company"
},
{
"indices": [
30,
35
],
"target": "Television pilot"
},
{
"indices": [
85,
96
],
"target": "Joss Whedon"
},
{
"indices": [
98,
108
],
"ta... | p_1733 | In August 2012, ABC ordered a pilot for a show called S.H.I.E.L.D., to be written by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, and directed by Joss Whedon. On April 6, 2013, ABC announced that the show would be titled Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D., and it was officially ordered to series on May 10, 2013. Jed Whedon, Tancharoen and Jeffrey Bell act as the series' showrunners, while Clark Gregg reprises his role from the films as Phil Coulson. The series was renewed for a second season on May 8, 2014, a third on May 7, 2015, a fourth on March 3, 2016, and a fifth on May 11, 2017, a sixth on May 14, 2018, and a seventh season on November 16, 2018; the sixth and seventh seasons both consist of 13 episodes. The seventh season will serve as the series' final season.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 5327,
"passage": "american broadcasting company",
"start": 5322,
"text": "1943."
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"... |
Archdiocese of Uppsala | [
{
"indices": [
10,
31
],
"target": "Archbishop of Uppsala"
},
{
"indices": [
47,
62
],
"target": "Cistercians"
},
{
"indices": [
83,
97
],
"target": "Alvastra Abbey"
},
{
"indices": [
108,
125
],
"target": "W... | p_1734 | The first Archbishop of Uppsala was Stephen, a Cistercian monk from the celebrated Alvastra Abbey. Cardinal William of Sabina came as papal legate to Sweden during the archiepiscopate of Jarler, a Dominican friar (1235–55). The legate had been commissioned, among other things, to establish cathedral chapters wherever such were lacking, and to grant them the exclusive right of electing the bishops. Another important matter which the legate had been ordered to carry out was the enforcement of the law of clerical celibacy. At a provincial synod held at Skänninge in 1248 under the presidency of the cardinal, the rules as to celibacy were made more severe. The pious and energetic Archbishop Jarler and his successor Laurentius (1257–67), a Franciscan, constantly strove to elevate the clergy and to enforce the law of celibacy. A century later Saint Bridget (d. 1373), laboured zealously for the enforcement of the same law.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
98
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The first Archbishop of Uppsala was Stephen, a Cistercian mo... |
George Montagu (Royal Navy officer) | [
{
"indices": [
88,
100
],
"target": "Flag captain"
},
{
"indices": [
118,
130
],
"target": "Newfoundland Colony"
},
{
"indices": [
185,
194
],
"target": "HMS Pearl (1762)"
},
{
"indices": [
225,
231
],
"targe... | p_1735 | Shortly after he returned to England in bad health. From 1777 to 1779 he commanded , as flag captain to his father at Newfoundland. On his return he was appointed to the 32-gun frigate HMS Pearl, which when cruising near the Azores on 14 September 1779, captured the Spanish frigate Santa Monica of equal force. In December Pearl sailed with the fleet under Sir George Rodney, and assisted in the capture of the Caracas convoy; but having sprung her foremast, was ordered home with the prizes. She was afterwards sent out to North America, and on 30 September 1780, while on a cruise off the Bermudas, captured the Espérance, a frigate-built privateer of 32 guns. In the battle of Cape Henry, on 16 March 1781, she acted as repeating frigate. She was not with the fleet during the battle of the Chesapeake on 5 September, but joined it, still off Cape Henry, on the 14th, and was left to keep watch on the movements of the French till the 25th, when she sailed for New York. On 19 October she sailed again with the fleet, and on the 23rd was stationed ahead as a look-out (Pearl's Log). She returned to England in 1782.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "day",
"answer_value": "1",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
696,
973
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "16 March 1781, she acted as repeating frigate. She was n... |
Küstendorf Film and Music Festival | [
{
"indices": [
33,
68
],
"target": "2008 Serbian presidential election"
},
{
"indices": [
99,
110
],
"target": "Boris Tadić"
},
{
"indices": [
139,
155
],
"target": "Democratic Party (Serbia)"
},
{
"indices": [
176,
... | p_1736 | Held against the backdrop of the 2008 Serbian presidential elections — contested between incumbent Boris Tadić from the ruling center-left Democratic Party (DS) and challenger Tomislav Nikolić from the opposition right-wing Serbian Radical Party (SRS) — as well as speculation that Albanians from Serbia's province of Kosovo were in the final stages of coordination with the United States to unilaterally declare independence, the festival received plenty of attention both in the Serbian and foreign press. Political angles and overtones dominated foreign press reports such as the one by in center-left Libération who, after giving praise to the festival for celebrating auteur cinema, wondered if the fact that festival's jury is headed by Peter Handke — whom she described as someone "who still smelled of sulfur after being at Milošević's funeral and who wrote about Serbs in panegyric form due to seeing them unjustly accused of all evils" — also mean that Kusturica adheres to these ideas. She answers her own question by saying that, like Handke, Kusturica also believes western Europeans have demonized Serbs and Serbia, but that the Serbian director supports center-left candidate Tadić at the presidential elections.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
251
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Held against the backdrop of the 2008 Serbian presidential ... |
Wally Pipp | [
{
"indices": [
3,
7
],
"target": "1918 New York Yankees season"
},
{
"indices": [
153,
167
],
"target": "Naval aviation"
},
{
"indices": [
168,
173
],
"target": "Cadet"
},
{
"indices": [
181,
218
],
"target":... | p_1737 | In 1918, Pipp hit only two home runs, but batted .304. He missed playing time under the nation's "work or fight" rule during World War I; he worked as a naval aviation cadet at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He batted .275 with seven home runs in 1919, as Babe Ruth surpassed him as the best power hitter in the American League. The Yankees moved to strengthen their team after the 1919 season, adding Ruth and fellow outfielder Bob Meusel and third baseman Joe Dugan. Between 1920 and 1924, Pipp had a .301 average, with season averages of 29 doubles, 94 runs scored, and 97 runs batted in (RBI) per season. Led by their strong lineup and additions to the pitching staff, such as Waite Hoyt, the Yankees finished in second place in 1920. Pipp became the cleanup hitter, behind Ruth in the batting order. Pipp hit .296 in 1921, and the Yankees won the American League pennant. However, they lost the 1921 World Series to the crosstown rival New York Giants of the National League.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "24",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
220,
340
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He batted .275 with seven home runs in 1919, as Babe ... |
Ephraim | [
{
"indices": [
25,
31
],
"target": "Joseph (Genesis)"
},
{
"indices": [
47,
55
],
"target": "Manasseh (tribal patriarch)"
},
{
"indices": [
106,
112
],
"target": "Rachel"
},
{
"indices": [
117,
122
],
"target... | p_1738 | In the biblical account, Joseph's other son is Manasseh, and Joseph himself is one of the two children of Rachel and Jacob, the other being Benjamin. Biblical scholars regard it as obvious, from their geographic overlap and their treatment in older passages, that originally Ephraim and Manasseh were considered one tribe – that of Joseph. The Book of Revelation, however, accords only Ephraim the tribal name of Joseph. According to several biblical scholars, Benjamin was originally part of the suggested Ephraim-Manasseh single "Joseph" tribe, but the biblical account of Joseph as his father became lost. A number of biblical scholars suspect that the distinction of the Joseph tribes (including Benjamin) is that they were the only Israelites which went to Egypt and returned, while the main Israelite tribes simply emerged as a subculture from the Canaanites and had remained in Canaan throughout. According to this view, the story of Jacob's visit to Laban to obtain a wife originated as a metaphor for this migration, with the property and family which were gained from Laban representing the gains of the Joseph tribes by the time they returned from Egypt; according to textual scholars, the Jahwist version of the Laban narrative only mentions the Joseph tribes, and Rachel, and does not mention the other tribal matriarchs at all.
| [
{
"answer": {
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
123
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In the biblical account, Joseph's other son is Manasseh, an... |
Kenny Aronoff | [
{
"indices": [
88,
123
],
"target": "University of Massachusetts Amherst"
},
{
"indices": [
212,
234
],
"target": "Jacobs School of Music"
},
{
"indices": [
314,
335
],
"target": "Aspen Music Festival and School"
},
{
"indices":... | p_1739 | After attending Berkshire Country Day, Aronoff went to music school for one year at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and spent four more years at the Indiana University School of Music (presently known as Jacobs School of Music) as a performance major in classical music as well as spending a summer at the Aspen School of Music run by Juilliard School of Music. He also spent one summer at Tanglewood in the Fellowship program (now Tanglewood Music Center), which at that time was managed by the Boston Symphony Orchestra where he worked with conductors Leonard Bernstein, Aaron Copland and Arthur Fiedler. While studying at Indiana University from 1972 to 1976 Aronoff studied under timpanist George Gaber. He also studied privately with Vic Firth and Arthur Press, both formerly with The Boston Symphony Orchestra. After graduating in 1976 he was offered jobs with the Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra and Quito Ecuador Symphony Orchestra but decided to move to the East Coast to study in Boston with Alan Dawson, a teacher from Berklee College of Music, and with Gary Chester in New York where he began to concentrate on jazz and fusion music.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 150,
"passage": "aspen music festival and school",
"start": 142,
"text": "Colorado"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Telahun Haile Bekele | [
{
"indices": [
42,
59
],
"target": "Czech Indoor Gala"
},
{
"indices": [
90,
103
],
"target": "Cinque Mulini"
},
{
"indices": [
207,
242
],
"target": "Meeting Iberoamericano de Atletismo"
},
{
"indices": [
261,
294
... | p_1740 | He began 2018 in Europe with third at the Czech Indoor Gala and a runner-up finish at the Cinque Mulini. A 5000 m win at the Ethiopian U20 Championships and a personal best of 13:04.63 minutes to win at the Meeting Iberoamericano de Atletismo saw him enter the 2018 IAAF World U20 Championships saw him enter the competition as the second fastest runner after training mate Selemon Barega. He was beaten by the heat, however, and finished fifth in the 5000 m. He made his IAAF Diamond League debut that year, placing seventh at Athletissima. He closed the year with third place at the Great Ethiopian Run. At the start of 2019 he continued to show his strength over distance with second place at the Giro Media Blenio 10K. Turning to the track, he won the Ethiopian national title, was fifth at the Shanghai Golden Grand Prix, then had his first Diamond League victory by winning the 5000 m at the Golden Gala, beating his partner Selemon Barega. He was third at that year's Athletissima and placed fourth at the Diamond League final at the Weltklasse Zürich.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
13
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He began 2018"
},
{
"indices": [
... |
John Webster (theologian) | [
{
"indices": [
52,
69
],
"target": "St John's College, Durham"
},
{
"indices": [
71,
88
],
"target": "Durham University"
},
{
"indices": [
143,
159
],
"target": "Wycliffe College, Toronto"
},
{
"indices": [
167,
188
... | p_1741 | Webster began his career as a chaplain and tutor at St John's College, Durham University (1982–86) and went on to teach systematic theology at Wycliffe College at the University of Toronto – one of the seven colleges that comprise the Toronto School of Theology (1986–1996) – before becoming the Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity at the University of Oxford, a prestigious chair in which he was immediately preceded by Rowan Williams who later became Archbishop of Wales (1999–2002) and then Canterbury (2002–2012). During Webster's seven-year tenure at Oxford (1996–2003), he also served as a canon of Christ Church. In 2003, he was installed in the Chair of Systematic Theology at King's College, University of Aberdeen, Scotland. In Summer 2013, he became Chair of Divinity at the University of St Andrews. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 2005.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 359,
"passage": "John Webster (theologian)",
"start": 338,
"text": " University of Oxford"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{... |
Elaine Storkey | [
{
"indices": [
70,
92
],
"target": "University of Stirling"
},
{
"indices": [
128,
131
],
"target": "BBC"
},
{
"indices": [
196,
210
],
"target": "Calvin University"
},
{
"indices": [
212,
220
],
"target": "M... | p_1742 | She left Manchester College to join her husband on the faculty of the University of Stirling. She started broadcasting with the BBC in 1986, after they both returned from a period of lecturing at Calvin College, Michigan, and Covenant College, Tennessee, in the United States. She has since been involved in many documentaries, arts, news and current affairs programmes. She was a presenter on BBC Radio 4's Thought for the Today for more than 20 years and has written many scripts for the BBC World Service. She currently broadcasts regularly with BBC Radio Ulster, especially Sunday Sequence. Elaine Storkey has authored several books, including What's Right With Feminism, The Search for Intimacy and Mary's Story, Mary's Song. She has also been a member of the General Synod of the Church of England from 1987 to 2016, serving on the Archbishop's Rural Commission and the Cathedrals Commission. For many years she wrote for The Independent and for the Swedish newspaper Dagen and for the Church Times. During the 1990s she collaborated with Roman Catholic author and theologian Margaret Hebblethwaite, and they co-authored a book exploring Christian feminism from two different traditions. Their writings on women are widely used within the Roman Catholic as well as other churches. Storkey was also a close colleague of the Biblical scholar Catherine Clark Kroeger, whose obituary she wrote in July 2011.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 108,
"passage": "university of stirling",
"start": 88,
"text": " Stirling, Scotland,"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Voyage (novel) | [
{
"indices": [
18,
24
],
"target": "Skylab"
},
{
"indices": [
72,
84
],
"target": "Wet workshop"
},
{
"indices": [
113,
122
],
"target": "Saturn IB"
},
{
"indices": [
123,
128
],
"target": "S-IVB"
},
{
... | p_1743 | In the 1970s, the Skylab Space Station is launched, but apparently as a wet workshop design that is based on the Saturn IB S-IVB upper stage called Skylab A. The Saturn V that might have launched Skylab in our timeline instead launches Skylab B, a lunar orbit space station unofficially named "Moonlab", also a wet workshop based on the S-IVB. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project is instead a series of visits by the Apollo Command/Service Module to Salyut space stations, and Soyuz missions to both Skylab and Moonlab. To facilitate the latter, the Soviets finally finish work on their N-1. The Skylab/Moonlab programs lead to improvements in the design of the Apollo Command/Service Module. A Block III CSM is produced using battery power in place of fuel cells, followed by the Block IV and V, which have a degree of reusability (modular construction and resistance to salt water corrosion). Also chronicled is the development of the experimental 'Mars Excursion Module' by small aerospace firm Columbia Aviation as it struggles against larger rival contractors of NASA and its engineers working painstakingly against the technical challenges of a working and reliable Mars lander.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 6361,
"passage": "skylab",
"start": 6347,
"text": "September 1963"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Simon Fraser University Men's Ice Hockey | [
{
"indices": [
55,
59
],
"target": "National Collegiate Athletic Association"
},
{
"indices": [
148,
165
],
"target": "Air Force Falcons men's ice hockey"
},
{
"indices": [
169,
184
],
"target": "Atlantic Hockey"
},
{
"indices":... | p_1744 | Since 2012-13 Simon Fraser University has been playing NCAA Division 1 programs with increased frequency. 2012–13 saw the Clan face off against the Air Force Falcons of Atlantic Hockey. It would also see them play host to the Arizona State Sun Devils and Oklahoma Sooners. 2013-14 saw the Clan travel to college hockey hotbed Boston and take on the Sacred Heart Pioneers and College of the Holy Cross Crusaders. That year they would also host two major historical college hockey programs in the 8 time NCAA Champion University of North Dakota Fight Hawks, and two time ECAC champion Princeton Tigers. 2014-15 would take the Clan to Ohio to take on the perennial powerhouse Miami RedHawks who would go on to capture the NCHC championship that year, as well as the former national champion Bowling Green Falcons. 2015-16 would once again take the Clan back to Boston to play the defending national champion Providence College Friars, as well as former national champions in the Northeastern University Huskies. 2016-17 would be the first season played by the Clan under probationary NCAA Division 1 status. The season saw the Clan travel to Alaska to take on the Alaska Anchorage Seawolves and the Alaska Fairbanks Nanooks, then in February they would travel to Tempe, Arizona to take on the Arizona State Sun Devils for the second time in their history.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 410,
"passage": "Simon Fraser University Men's Ice Hockey",
"start": 374,
"text": " College of the Holy Cross Crusaders"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
... |
Anthony Shaw | [
{
"indices": [
33,
51
],
"target": "Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom)"
},
{
"indices": [
64,
66
],
"target": "Military Cross"
},
{
"indices": [
139,
152
],
"target": "Epsom College"
},
{
"indices": [
156,
169
]... | p_1745 | Shaw was born on 13 July 1930 to Lieutenant Colonel W. A. Shaw, MC and Mrs E. Shaw (née Malley). Between 1943 and 1948, he was educated at Epsom College, a public school in Epsom, Surrey. He was a member of the school's Rugby XV and Hockey XI. He was also won the Smith-Pearse Botany Prize. He went up to Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge in 1950; earning a Bachelor of Arts (BA), later promoted to Master of Arts (MA). Having studied at Westminster Hospital Medical School, he qualified MRCS, LRCP in 1954. He graduated Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MB BCh) from the University of Cambridge in 1955. He undertook his two pre-registration house officer placements at Westminster Hospital as a casualty officer and at Kingston Hospital as a house surgeon and obstetrics house officer.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "77",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
29
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Shaw was born on 13 July 1930"
},
{
... |
Lionel Davidson | [
{
"indices": [
197,
219
],
"target": "The Night of Wenceslas"
},
{
"indices": [
248,
262
],
"target": "Czechoslovakia"
},
{
"indices": [
274,
282
],
"target": "Cold War"
},
{
"indices": [
377,
383
],
"target"... | p_1746 | When the war ended, he returned to the Keystone Agency and travelled all over Europe as a freelance reporter. It was during one of these trips that he came up with the idea for his first thriller, The Night of Wenceslas (1960). The novel is set in Czechoslovakia during the Cold War, and tells the story of young Nicolas Whistler, a 24-year-old Londoner whose business trip to Prague goes horribly awry. The Night of Wenceslas was an instant success, inviting favourable comparisons with such luminaries as Eric Ambler. Davidson became one of the handful of living writers to have their first novel appear in a green Penguin jacket. The book won the Crime Writers' Association's Gold Dagger Award (the top prize for crime and spy fiction in Britain) as well as the Authors' Club First Novel Award. It was filmed as Hot Enough for June (1964), with Dirk Bogarde in the role of Whistler.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "45",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
228,
282
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The novel is set in Czechoslovakia during the Cold Wa... |
Natalie Dessay | [
{
"indices": [
36,
49
],
"target": "Laurent Pelly"
},
{
"indices": [
66,
86
],
"target": "La fille du régiment"
},
{
"indices": [
101,
118
],
"target": "Royal Opera House"
},
{
"indices": [
138,
156
],
"targe... | p_1747 | The year 2007 saw Dessay premiering Laurent Pelly's production of La fille du régiment at the London Royal Opera House in January and the Vienna State Opera in April. She performed the title role in Manon at the Liceu in Barcelona in June/July and opened the season at the Metropolitan Opera in the new Mary Zimmerman production of Lucia di Lammermoor. She returned in the same season to sing Lucia again and subsequently reprised in Pelly's production of La fille du régiment. She went on performing Lucia at the San Francisco Opera and a joint concert with tenor Jonas Kaufmann at Le Corum in Montpellier as part of the Festival de Radio France et Montpellier. In October, she sang Manon at the Lyric Opera of Chicago.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 5677,
"passage": "la fille du régiment",
"start": 5672,
"text": "Marie"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices":... |
Pina Pellicer | [
{
"indices": [
83,
101
],
"target": "Paramount Pictures"
},
{
"indices": [
113,
127
],
"target": "One-Eyed Jacks"
},
{
"indices": [
187,
198
],
"target": "Karl Malden"
},
{
"indices": [
216,
229
],
"target": ... | p_1748 | Pellicer's first acting role, albeit only her second movie to be released, was the Paramount Pictures production One-Eyed Jacks. In the movie, Pellicer played Louisa, the stepdaughter of Karl Malden and the lover of Marlon Brando. Mexican actress Katy Jurado also appeared as Louisa's mother. The production of the movie was much-delayed, and the original director Stanley Kubrick left along with screenwriter Sam Peckinpah, leaving Brando to finish the movie – the only time Brando was credited with directing a movie. So even though production started in 1958, the movie was not released until 1961. European response was positive, and in July 1961 the movie received the Golden Shell (Concha de Oro) at the San Sebastián International Film Festival. In addition, Pellicer was awarded the prize for best female performer, with reviews comparing her to Audrey Hepburn. In the United States, the response was more mixed and the movie received only one Academy Award nomination, for Charles Lang's cinematography.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "no",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
638,
752
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "in July 1961 the movie received the Golden Shell (Conch... |
József Lenz | [
{
"indices": [
76,
87
],
"target": "Nyékládháza"
},
{
"indices": [
643,
653
],
"target": "Klára Lenz"
},
{
"indices": [
668,
677
],
"target": "Hungarians"
},
{
"indices": [
678,
694
],
"target": "Gobelins Man... | p_1749 | In this lands the welfare situation of maids was exemplary. For example, in Nyékládháza, they built 25 modern flats in high-rise, reinforced concrete houses that they eventually got after long years of service at the company. He built the Roman Catholic neo-Gothic church in the village in 1943 and personally dedicated it to Archbishop Gyula Czapik himself, who, after the ceremony, handed over the "Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice Order of Honor" to Joseph Jozef. On the other hand, he gave scholarships to several students of the Budapest Piarist High School. (This initiative was known as the "Lenz József Foundation") József Lenz' daughter was Klára Lenz (1924–2013) a Hungarian Gobelin tapestry artist, landowner who emigrated to Venezuela during World War II. She was the wife of the Hungarian nobleman Endre Farkas de Boldogfa (1908–1994), Major of the General Staff of the Hungarian Armies during World War II, who hailed from the family Farkas de Boldogfa; he was the son of dr. István Farkas de Boldogfa (1875–1921), jurist, supreme chief magistrate of district of Sümeg (főszolgabíró) in the county of Zala, and the noble lady Erzsébet Persay de Persa (1885—1913).
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 101,
"passage": "nyékládháza",
"start": 94,
"text": "Hungary"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Battle of Alborán | [
{
"indices": [
44,
53
],
"target": "Sardinia"
},
{
"indices": [
54,
62
],
"target": "Turncoat"
},
{
"indices": [
121,
128
],
"target": "Algiers"
},
{
"indices": [
152,
172
],
"target": "Hayreddin Barbarossa"
... | p_1750 | In mid-1540 the Barbary pirate Ali Hamet, a Sardinian renegade in service of the Ottoman Empire, formed a small fleet at Algiers, as ordered by Admiral Hayreddin Barbarossa. He assembled three galleys, five galliots, six fustas and two brigantines, manned by 900 captive oarsmen and 2,000 Turkish soldiers and Valencian Moriscos under the command of General Caramani, a former slave in the Spanish galleys. In August, knowing that Spanish galleys were in the Balearic Islands, the fleet set sail to the western waters of the Alborán Sea. A few days later a thousand soldiers from the galleys landed on the beach of Gibraltar and attacked the village. Although they failed to capture the well-protected castle, 73 civilians were taken prisoner, 40 vessels moored in the port were plundered, and a galley under construction (owned by Don Álvaro de Bazán the Elder) was burnt. The prisoners were carried off to Vélez de la Gomera, on the Moroccan coast, where they were imprisoned until their release following a payment of 7,000 ducats.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 787,
"passage": "balearic islands",
"start": 782,
"text": "Spain"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Bob Heffron | [
{
"indices": [
31,
50
],
"target": "Melbourne"
},
{
"indices": [
70,
78
],
"target": "Victoria (Australia)"
},
{
"indices": [
123,
181
],
"target": "Clothing and Allied Trades Union of Australia"
},
{
"indices": [
210,
... | p_1751 | In 1921, the Heffrons moved to Melbourne, Victoria. That same year in Victoria, Heffron was appointed an organiser for the Federated Clothing Trades of the Commonwealth of Australia and also joined the leftist Victorian Socialist Party. Later in 1921 he moved to Sydney, becoming the secretary of the New South Wales branch of the Federated Marine Stewards' and Pantrymen's Association of Australasia. As the union's state secretary, a role he would hold for ten years, he took a prominent role in maritime trade unionism in Sydney. In February 1924, when the Commonwealth and Dominion Line steamer Port Lyttelton was declared 'Black' by the Labor Council of New South Wales owing to various worker's disputes and the ship having been declared unseaworthy, Heffron and six other union representatives acted to advise members of the Seamen's Union to refuse to work on the Port Lyttelton. For this, in April the government of Sir George Fuller had Heffron and the six other unionists arrested on the charge of conspiracy to strike action. Although controversially refused bail by the trial judge, Heffron and his fellow defendants, represented by Richard Windeyer KC and H. V. Evatt, were found not guilty and released in July 1924 by the court, a verdict that had been returned by the direction of the judge. Later joining the Labor Party, at the time he showed himself to be a supporter of party leader Jack Lang, supporting Lang's successful motion at the 1923 state conference to readmit James Dooley to the party.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "133",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
237,
401
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Later in 1921 he moved to Sydney, becoming the secre... |
Michele Lee | [
{
"indices": [
107,
114
],
"target": "Country music"
},
{
"indices": [
120,
131
],
"target": "Dottie West"
},
{
"indices": [
323,
340
],
"target": "Jacqueline Susann"
},
{
"indices": [
464,
496
],
"target": "... | p_1752 | After Knots Landing ended in 1993, Lee has appeared in many made-for-TV movies, including a biopic of late country star Dottie West () and she became the first woman to star in, direct, and produce a TV movie for Lifetime, Color Me Perfect (1996). She also starred in the reunion miniseries (1997), and portrayed novelist Jacqueline Susann in the television biopic Scandalous Me: The Jacqueline Susann Story (1998). In 2000, she returned to the Broadway stage in The Tale of the Allergist's Wife and received a 2001 Tony Award nomination for Best Featured Actress in a Play. In 2004, she returned to feature films in the role of Ben Stiller's character's mother in Along Came Polly. She guest-starred alongside Chita Rivera in a February 2005 episode of Will & Grace. Also in 2005, she reunited with her Knots Landing co-stars for the nonfiction special , in which the stars reminisced about their time on the hit series. Also in 2005, she appeared alongside Tyne Daly, Leslie Uggams, Christine Baranski and Karen Ziemba for the Kennedy Center Honor of Julie Harris. In 2010, Lee did voice work for an episode of the animated comedy series Family Guy. She returned to Broadway in 2015 to star as Madame Morrible in the musical Wicked.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 105,
"passage": "the tale of the allergist's wife",
"start": 92,
"text": "Charles Busch"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Middle English literature | [
{
"indices": [
10,
25
],
"target": "Norman conquest of England"
},
{
"indices": [
38,
48
],
"target": "Law French"
},
{
"indices": [
118,
124
],
"target": "Norman language"
},
{
"indices": [
208,
220
],
"targ... | p_1753 | After the Norman conquest of England, Law French became the standard language of courts, parliament, and society. The Norman dialects of the ruling classes mixed with the Anglo-Saxon of the people and became Anglo-Norman, and Anglo-Saxon underwent a gradual transition into Middle English. Around the turn of the thirteenth century, Layamon wrote in Middle English. Other transitional works were popular entertainment, including a variety of romances and lyrics. With time, the English language regained prestige, and in 1362 it replaced French and Latin in Parliament and courts of law. Early examples of Middle English literature are the Ormulum and Havelock the Dane. In the fourteenth century major works of English literature began once again to appear, including the works of Chaucer. The latter portion of the 14th century also saw the consolidation of English as a written language and a shift to secular writing. In the late 15th century William Caxton printed four-fifths of his works in English, which helped to standardize the language and expand the vocabulary.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "356",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
922,
1005
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In the late 15th century William Caxton printed fou... |
Frans Timmermans | [
{
"indices": [
10,
40
],
"target": "2006 Dutch general election"
},
{
"indices": [
45,
57
],
"target": "Labour Party (Netherlands)"
},
{
"indices": [
59,
86
],
"target": "Christian Democratic Appeal"
},
{
"indices": [
101,... | p_1754 | After the Dutch general election of 2006 the Labour Party, Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and the ChristianUnion (CU) formed a coalition agreement which resulted in the formation of the Cabinet Balkenende IV. Timmermans became Undersecretary for Foreign Affairs and was responsible for the co-ordination of government policy towards the European Union, and was conferred the diplomatic title of Minister of European Affairs during international visits. A major theme of his time as Undersecretary for European Affairs was to increase support for European integration. This was done both by seeking greater influence of citizens on European policies and by improving communication and public perception; besides citizens the aim was that education should have also be more involved with Europe. The Treaty of Lisbon was signed whilst he was Undersecretary, before which Timmermans and Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende successfully lobbied to secure a greater role for national parliaments in European Union decision-making processes. In February 2010, NATO officially requested the Netherlands to extend its military involvement in Task Force Uruzgan. The Labour Party strongly opposed the extension of the mission and on 23 February 2010 the Cabinet Balkenende IV fell after the Labour Party officially withdrew its support with all Labour Party Cabinet members resigning.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
211
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "After the Dutch general election of 2006 the Labour Party, ... |
Jason Cayless | [
{
"indices": [
34,
55
],
"target": "National Rugby League"
},
{
"indices": [
65,
80
],
"target": "Parramatta Eels"
},
{
"indices": [
110,
124
],
"target": "Nathan Cayless"
},
{
"indices": [
223,
253
],
"targe... | p_1755 | Cayless started his career in the National Rugby League with the Parramatta Eels alongside his older brother, Nathan Cayless, who had already been with the club for three years. In 2001 he made his representative début for New South Wales Country Origin. The following year Cayless moved to the Sydney Roosters and played for them at prop forward in their 2002 NRL Grand Final win over the New Zealand Warriors. Having won the 2002 NRL Premiership, the Roosters traveled to England to play the 2003 World Club Challenge against Super League champions, St. Helens. Cayless played at prop forward in Sydney's victory. He made his international début for New Zealand in 2002 and went on to play in ten Test matches for New Zealand. He played at prop for the Sydney Roosters in the 2003 NRL grand final which was lost to the Penrith Panthers.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
453,
562
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Roosters traveled to England to play the 2003 World Club ... |
Henri Albers | [
{
"indices": [
63,
80
],
"target": "Grand Théâtre de Bordeaux"
},
{
"indices": [
108,
125
],
"target": "Royal Opera House"
},
{
"indices": [
144,
164
],
"target": "Opéra de Monte-Carlo"
},
{
"indices": [
188,
206
... | p_1756 | After Antwerp, Albers was engaged as Principal Baritone at the Opéra de Bordeaux and went on to sing at the Royal Opera House in London and the Opéra de Monte-Carlo. He was engaged by the Metropolitan Opera in 1898 and sang with the company both on tour and in New York City. He made his company debut on 8 November 1898 as Mercutio in the Met's touring performance of Roméo et Juliette in Chicago. He remained with the company through 1899, appearing 36 times in eight different operas and tackling his first Wagnerian role, Wolfram in Tannhäuser. On his return to Europe he sang regularly at the Théâtre de la Monnaie in Brussels from 1901 to 1906 and added several more Wagnerian roles to his repertoire: Telramund in Lohengrin; Hans Sachs in Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg; Wotan in Das Rheingold, Siegfried, and Die Walküre; and Kurwenal in Tristan und Isolde. A highly versatile singer, he also appeared in the title roles of La Monnaie's productions of Hamlet, Rigoletto, Hérodiade, and Le roi Arthus, as well as singing Count di Luna in Il trovatore, Iago in Otello, and Baron Scarpia in Tosca.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 29,
"passage": "royal opera house",
"start": 12,
"text": "Royal Opera House"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indi... |
Epsilon axe | [
{
"indices": [
29,
39
],
"target": "Battle axe"
},
{
"indices": [
85,
92
],
"target": "Epsilon"
},
{
"indices": [
145,
156
],
"target": "Middle East"
},
{
"indices": [
223,
237
],
"target": "Eastern Europe"
... | p_1757 | The epsilon axe is a type of battle axe named for its similarity to the Greek letter epsilon (ϵ). The epsilon axe was widely used throughout the Middle East, its usage spread from there and grew in popularity to be used in eastern Europe and Russia as well as the Nordic countries. The axe is also depicted in Egyptian hieroglyphics with the warrior carrying both the epsilon axe and a shield thus leaving some to believe that this weapon was used also as a one handed weapon. Bronze examples of the Assyrian design are kept in the British Museum. Some historians have called the epsilon axe the "poor man's" kopesh, it is possible that the epsilon axe would be assigned to less valuable or "irregular" infantry while main forces would be equipped with the kopesh.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 96,
"passage": "british museum",
"start": 74,
"text": "London, United Kingdom"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"in... |
Natalie Sims | [
{
"indices": [
34,
40
],
"target": "Lecrae"
},
{
"indices": [
47,
52
],
"target": "Rehab (Lecrae album)"
},
{
"indices": [
99,
109
],
"target": "Sho Baraka"
},
{
"indices": [
215,
230
],
"target": "Deitrick H... | p_1758 | In 2010, Sims collaborated on the Lecrae album Rehab, featuring on the song "High", also featuring Sho Baraka, and co-wrote and provided backing vocals to the song "Killa." That same year, she designed the cover to Deitrick Haddon's soundtrack album Blessed & Cursed - Voices of Unity, which included her song "So What". Sims also provided art direction for Juanita Bynum's album More Passion and creative design for Thankful by Myron Williams. In 2011, Sims wrote for and contributed vocals to Blacklight by Tedashii and The Good Life (2012) by Trip Lee, and featured on the song "Fantasy" from the latter album. She also featured on the single "Hello" from KB's forthcoming album Weight & Glory (2012), an album to which she also contributed some song-writing. She also featured on two songs by Pro, "Get In" from PSA Vol. 2 and "Drink from His Cup" from Dying to Live, the song "Survivor" by Da' T.R.U.T.H. from his album The Whole Truth, the "Battle Song" by Lecrae from his album , and Canon's song "Poppin' Off" from the album Blind World. Additionally, that year Sims co-founded the hip hop group High Society, along with Sho Baraka, J.R., and Swoope. The group released its first single, "One Moment", on June 20, and a second single, "Devil", on October 31, 2011.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 109,
"passage": "Natalie Sims",
"start": 99,
"text": "Sho Baraka"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Robert Eden (bishop) | [
{
"indices": [
27,
48
],
"target": "Sir Frederick Eden, 2nd Baronet"
},
{
"indices": [
95,
113
],
"target": "Westminster School"
},
{
"indices": [
118,
139
],
"target": "Christ Church, Oxford"
},
{
"indices": [
220,
... | p_1759 | Eden, the third son of Sir Frederick Morton Eden, was born on 2 September 1804 and educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford. He took a third class in Classics in 1826 and proceeded B.A. in 1827. Ordained deacon and priest by Christopher Bethell, the Bishop of Gloucester in 1828, he served successively the curacies of Weston-sub-Edge in Gloucestershire, and Messing and Peldon in Essex, and became Rector of Leigh in Essex in 1837. Here, on the resignation of Bishop Low, he accepted the offer of the Scottish See of Moray and Ross; he was consecrated at Old Saint Paul's, Edinburgh, 9 March 1851. On this occasion his university conferred on him the degree of D.D. In 1862 he was elected Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church, in succession to Bishop Terrot. In 1827 he married Emma, daughter of Justice Allan Park, by whom he had five sons and five daughters. He died peacefully on the evening of 26 August 1886, at his official residence in Inverness.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "38",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
48
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Eden, the third son of Sir Frederick Morton Eden"
... |
Ryan Mau | [
{
"indices": [
49,
65
],
"target": "College baseball"
},
{
"indices": [
112,
137
],
"target": "Longwood Lancers"
},
{
"indices": [
197,
208
],
"target": "2015 NCAA Division I baseball season"
},
{
"indices": [
235,
2... | p_1760 | Ryan Mau (born November 27, 1978) is an American college baseball coach, currently serving as head coach of the Longwood Lancers baseball team. He has held that position since the beginning of the 2015 season. He pitched one season at Flagler and three at College of Charleston before two seasons in the Miami Marlins organization and one in independent baseball. His coaching career began at Charleston Southern, where he served as pitching coach for one year. He next moved to Marist for two seasons, guiding the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference pitcher and relief pitcher of the year en route to the MAAC regular season and tournament championship and an NCAA Regional appearance. Next, he moved to VMI where he rose to associate head coach. He helped the Keydets to a school record in wins and their first national rankings, while his pitching staff set school records and ranked among the nation's leaders is several categories. He next moved to Navy, where he served as recruiting coordinator and pitching and catching coach. He helped the Midshipmen to an NCAA Regional appearance. After the 2014 season he was hired at Longwood.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 165,
"passage": "longwood lancers",
"start": 146,
"text": "Farmville, Virginia"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"i... |
Tennessee Colony, Texas | [
{
"indices": [
58,
67
],
"target": "Tennessee"
},
{
"indices": [
72,
79
],
"target": "Alabama"
},
{
"indices": [
312,
318
],
"target": "Cotton"
},
{
"indices": [
439,
450
],
"target": "Plantations in the Amer... | p_1761 | Tennessee Colony was established in 1847 by settlers from Tennessee and Alabama, who named their settlement for one of their home states. The first settlers who settled in the community had the last names Shelton, Avant, Hank, and Seagler. The community's fertile soil and moist climate made it feasible to grow cotton, and several plantations were established, including the Jackson Plantation, which, at one time, was one of the largest plantations in East Texas. They were extremely successful. A post office was established at Tennessee Colony in 1852. Before the Civil War, as well as after, the community fell victim to racial tensions. Two white men from Mississippi named Cable and Wyrick were accused of plotting a slave uprising in 1860, in which they encouraged slaves to kill most of the community's white residents by poisoning the water supply in the settlement. They were tried and hanged soon after. The nearby city of Palestine had the community's first railroad built there. As of 1884 Tennessee Colony boasted a population of 200 and three churches, a steam-powered gristmill, and a cotton gin. As the community's businesses moved to the nearby city of Palestine, the community's population plummeted over the next few decades. There were a few grocers and cotton gins in the area, and it eventually received a telephone connection. It functioned as a small cultural port in the 20th century. The population declined to just 100 people by 1914, rose again to 300 in 1927, but again declined during the 1930s. In 1941 there were 150 people in Tennessee Colony. A total of 21,000 acres of land was purchased just southwest of the settlement by the Texas Department of Corrections in 1965, and the first medium security prison facility named the Coffield Unit was built in the community and held approximately 2,000 prisoners. It reached its population zenith of 400 by that year. Then the Beto Unit, the community's second prison, was finished in 1984. There were factories built for fabricating metal, as well as building concrete blocks and highway signs, in these prison facilities. It also had thriving agricultural and livestock operations. It had a steady population of 120 from the 1970s to 1990. It had a population of 300 in 2000. It currently has two historical markers, with one honoring the community, and the other commemorating the community's cemetery.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "103",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
643,
696
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Two white men from Mississippi named Cable and Wyric... |
Brian Casser | [
{
"indices": [
77,
90
],
"target": "Merchant Navy (United Kingdom)"
},
{
"indices": [
204,
217
],
"target": "Adrian Barber"
},
{
"indices": [
242,
248
],
"target": "Ilkley"
},
{
"indices": [
342,
351
],
"targ... | p_1762 | Casser lived in Liverpool in the late 1950s, having previously worked in the Merchant Navy. As singer and rhythm guitarist, he formed a trio, Cass & the Cassanovas, in May 1959, with singer and guitarist Adrian Barber (born 13 November 1938, Ilkley, Yorkshire), and drummer and singer Brian J. Hudson (born Brian James Hudson, 21 April 1938, Cleveland, Yorkshire). After a few months, Hudson left and was replaced by Johnny Hutchinson (born 18 July 1940, Malta), known as Johnny Hutch. In need of a bass guitarist, Hutchinson then brought in Johnny Gustafson (born 8 August 1942, Liverpool) in December 1959. At that time Gustafson did not have a proper bass guitar so Barber converted an acoustic for him. The group became popular playing a wide range of music, from Latin American music to rock and roll, in dance halls in the Liverpool area. Casser also started his own music club in Liverpool, the Casanova Club, whose guest groups included one known at the time as the "Silver Beetles"; according to some reports, Casser had suggested that they change their name from the earlier spelling of "Beatals" which Casser found "ridiculous". In May 1960 Cass & the Cassanovas took part in auditions in front of leading manager Larry Parnes who was looking for backing bands for his stable of pop singers. The group secured a place as backing group for singer Duffy Power and toured with him. By this time, Casser had begun using the stage names of "Casey Jones" and "Casey Valence".
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
92,
364
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "As singer and rhythm guitarist, he formed a trio, Cass & t... |
2006–2007 Life Peerages scandal | [
{
"indices": [
78,
88
],
"target": "Tony Blair"
},
{
"indices": [
110,
148
],
"target": "House of Lords Appointments Commission"
},
{
"indices": [
228,
240
],
"target": "Labour Party (UK)"
},
{
"indices": [
281,
290
... | p_1763 | In March 2006, several men nominated for life peerages by then Prime Minister Tony Blair were rejected by the House of Lords Appointments Commission. It was later revealed they had loaned large amounts of money to the governing Labour Party, at the suggestion of Labour fundraiser Lord Levy. Suspicion was aroused by some that the peerages were a quid pro quo for the loans. This resulted in three complaints to the Metropolitan Police by Scottish National Party MP Angus MacNeil, Plaid Cymru parliamentary leader Elfyn Llwyd, and a third individual who continues to remain unidentified, as a breach of the law against selling honours. The investigation was headed by Assistant Commissioner John Yates who later resigned over the News of the World phone hacking scandal. During the investigation various members of the Labour Party (including Tony Blair), the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats were questioned, and Labour's Lord Levy was arrested and later released on bail. The investigation continued to have political impact throughout, as a range of stories continued to leak from the police investigation and damaged the government and Labour Party.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "9",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
88
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In March 2006, several men nominated for life peerages by... |
Coldingham Priory | [
{
"indices": [
33,
44
],
"target": "Benedictines"
},
{
"indices": [
87,
95
],
"target": "Scotland"
},
{
"indices": [
115,
125
],
"target": "Coldingham"
},
{
"indices": [
127,
139
],
"target": "Berwickshire"
... | p_1764 | Coldingham Priory was a house of Benedictine monks. It lies on the south-east coast of Scotland, in the village of Coldingham, Berwickshire. Coldingham Priory was founded in the reign of David I of Scotland, although his older brother and predecessor King Edgar of Scotland had granted the land of Coldingham to the Church of Durham in 1098, and a church was constructed by him and presented in 1100. The first prior of Coldingham is on record by the year 1147, although it is likely that the foundation was much earlier. The earlier monastery at Coldingham was founded by St Æbbe sometime c. 640 AD. Although the monastery was largely destroyed by Oliver Cromwell in 1650, some remains of the priory exist, the choir of which forms the present parish church of Coldingham and is serviced by the Church of Scotland.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 966,
"passage": "benedictines",
"start": 963,
"text": "529"
}
],
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Harold W. Burton | [
{
"indices": [
143,
156
],
"target": "United States"
},
{
"indices": [
161,
167
],
"target": "Canada"
},
{
"indices": [
271,
318
],
"target": "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints"
},
{
"indices": [
378,
3... | p_1765 | Harold William Burton (October 23, 1887 – October 2, 1969) was an early 20th-century architect with architectural works throughout the western United States and Canada. Burton was one of the most prolific architects of chapels, meetinghouses, tabernacles and temples for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). In 1910 he opened an architectural firm with Hyrum Pope (Pope and Burton) in Salt Lake City, Utah. They were particularly fond of Frank Lloyd Wright and the Prairie School architectural style. As young architects, Pope & Burton won design competitions for two of their better-known works, the Cardston Alberta and Laie Hawaii temples of the LDS Church. Burton moved to Los Angeles, California in 1927 to set up another office in the firm with Pope. After Pope unexpectedly died in 1939, Burton established a new firm with his son Douglas W. Burton. Together they continued to design many buildings, including some for the church. In 1955, Harold became the chief supervising architect for the LDS Church. One of his final works was the Oakland California Temple. Aside from places of worship, Burton also designed civic buildings and homes. Many of his works exist today, some of which are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "30",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
333,
431
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1910 he opened an architectural firm with Hyrum Po... |
Harold H. Joachim | [
{
"indices": [
106,
113
],
"target": "Hungary"
},
{
"indices": [
134,
147
],
"target": "Harrow School"
},
{
"indices": [
152,
175
],
"target": "Balliol College, Oxford"
},
{
"indices": [
201,
217
],
"target":... | p_1766 | Harold Henry Joachim was born in London, the son of a wool merchant who had come to England as a boy from Hungary. He was educated at Harrow School and Balliol College, Oxford, where he was a pupil of R. L. Nettleship. He was elected to a Prize Fellowship at Merton College in 1890, and in 1892 became a philosophy lecturer at the University of St Andrews. Returning to Oxford in 1894, he was lecturer at Balliol until becoming a Fellow and Tutor at Merton in 1897. In 1907 he married his first cousin, a daughter of the violinist Joseph Joachim. He became Wykeham Professor of Logic of the University of Oxford from 1919, succeeding the realist John Cook Wilson, and occupied the chair until his death. Whilst at Oxford he taught the American poet T.S. Eliot. Joachim was a nephew of the great 19th Century violinist Joseph Joachim, and was himself a talented amateur violinist.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 223,
"passage": "r. l. nettleship",
"start": 186,
"text": "Uppingham and Balliol College, Oxford"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
... |
List of United States national rugby union players | [
{
"indices": [
127,
144
],
"target": "American football"
},
{
"indices": [
251,
267
],
"target": "British Columbia"
},
{
"indices": [
338,
369
],
"target": "United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee"
},
{
"indices": [
4... | p_1767 | After the All Blacks tour, amid a time where prominent California colleges and universities were transitioning back to playing American football from rugby union, no further matches were held. However, after organizing a team for a successful tour of British Columbia in early 1920, the California Rugby Union successfully petitioned the United States Olympic Committee (USOC) to enter a team at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium. The USOC declined to provide any funding for this team; in June 1920, the Amateur Athletic Union agreed to pay for the team's expenses. After each of the home nations declined to send a team to the Games on account of scheduling conflicts with their domestic competitions, and the teams from Romania and Czechoslovakia withdrew from the Games on short notice, the Olympic rugby union competition was reduced to a single match between the United States and France. After a scoreless first half, the United States won this match by a score of 8–0. Following the Olympics, the French Rugby Union invited the American team to tour France. Sixteen members of the team that competed in the Olympics traveled to France and played three uncapped matches against regional opposition from the southeast, south, and southwest of France; each resulted in a victory for the Americans. A final match against the French national team was held on October 10, 1920 in Paris, resulting in a 14–5 defeat for the Americans. Upon returning to the United States, the team was disbanded. Charles Tilden served as team captain during the 1920 Olympics and the tour of France that followed. Daniel Carroll, veteran of the 1913 team, served as player-coach in 1920; he was inducted into the World Rugby Hall of Fame in 2016.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
283,
420
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "the California Rugby Union successfully petitioned the Un... |
Andreas Johnsson | [
{
"indices": [
11,
25
],
"target": "2017–18 AHL season"
},
{
"indices": [
125,
140
],
"target": "Kasperi Kapanen"
},
{
"indices": [
242,
253
],
"target": "Calle Rosén"
},
{
"indices": [
349,
361
],
"target": ... | p_1768 | During the 2017–18 season, Johnsson was named to the 2018 AHL All-Star Game as a replacement for fellow Maple Leafs prospect Kasperi Kapanen, who was called-up to the NHL. On 13 March 2018, Johnsson was called-up to the Maple Leafs alongside Calle Rosén. While Rosén was sent back down, Johnsson made his NHL debut on 14 March in a 6–5 win over the Dallas Stars. He recorded his first NHL goal in the following game against the Montreal Canadiens, a 4–0 victory. Johnsson recorded his first multi-point game on 2 April 2018 in a 5–2 win over the Buffalo Sabres. Near the conclusion of the 2017–18 regular season, Johnsson was selected for the AHL's Second All-Star team. Johnsson made his NHL playoff debut during the 2018 Stanley Cup playoffs against the Boston Bruins and recorded his first playoff goal on 21 April to help the Leafs win 4–3. After the Leafs were eliminated from the playoffs, Johnsson was sent down to the Marlies to help them in their 2018 Calder Cup playoff run. After leading all players in points during the playoffs, Johnsson was awarded the Jack Butterfield Trophy as MVP of the Calder Cup. As a restricted free agent entering the off-season, Johnsson accepted his qualifying offer from the Maple Leafs, signing a one-year, two-way contract worth $787,500.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 607,
"passage": "kasperi kapanen",
"start": 600,
"text": "Finland"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Dean Delany | [
{
"indices": [
37,
44
],
"target": "Everton F.C."
},
{
"indices": [
87,
96
],
"target": "Port Vale F.C."
},
{
"indices": [
181,
210
],
"target": "Republic of Ireland national under-21 football team"
},
{
"indices": [
227,
... | p_1769 | Beginning his career in England with Everton in 1997, three years later he moved on to Port Vale, having never turned out for the first team at Everton despite winning caps for the Republic of Ireland under-21s and lifting the FA Youth Cup. He spent four years with Vale, and did make 39 first team appearances, though was never their first choice keeper. He also spent time on loan at Macclesfield Town, but never made it onto the field. He returned to Ireland in 2004 to sign a contract with Shelbourne, who he helped to the League of Ireland title in 2006. He spent 2007 with Waterford United, though returned to Shelbourne the following year. The "Shels" had been demoted in his absence, and he was the goalkeeper in the 2011 season, as they won promotion back into the top-flight. He joined Bohemians in time for the 2013 season, before returning to Shelbourne again in 2017 and helpign the club to win promotion as League of Ireland First Division champions in 2019. He was named on the PFAI First Division Team of the Year for the 2009 and 2018 seasons.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
439,
559
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He returned to Ireland in 2004 to sign a contract with Sh... |
Harwell Goodwin Davis | [
{
"indices": [
25,
46
],
"target": "University of Alabama"
},
{
"indices": [
54,
70
],
"target": "Bachelor of Laws"
},
{
"indices": [
104,
113
],
"target": "Tallassee, Alabama"
},
{
"indices": [
259,
267
],
"... | p_1770 | Davis graduated from the University of Alabama with a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) in 1903 and practiced in Tallassee and later, Gadsden. In 1916, he was appointed First Assistant Attorney General of Alabama; he stepped down from the post in 1917 to enlist as an infantry officer in the 82nd Division. Davis served in World War I, where he was promoted to the rank of Major, wounded in action and received a citation for gallantry. After demobilization in 1919, he became Judge Advocate in the Alabama National Guard. In 1921, he was appointed Attorney General to complete the term of James Q. Smith, and re-elected for a further four-year term in 1923. During his time as Attorney General, Davis worked to expose and end the state's convict lease system.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 649,
"passage": "major (united states)",
"start": 632,
"text": "a golden oak leaf"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Adrian Jackson (orienteer) | [
{
"indices": [
29,
65
],
"target": "World Mountain Bike Orienteering Championships"
},
{
"indices": [
69,
77
],
"target": "Ballarat"
},
{
"indices": [
164,
176
],
"target": "Alain Berger"
},
{
"indices": [
325,
340
... | p_1771 | Jackson competed at the 2004 World MTB Orienteering Championships in Ballarat, where he won his first world championship gold medal by winning the sprint, ahead of Alain Berger from Switzerland. He won a bronze medal in the long distance, and a bronze medal with the Australian relay team. At the 2005 World Championships in Banska Bystrica he won a bronze medal in the long distance, placed eighth in the middle distance, and seventh with the Australian relay team. At the 2006 Championships in Joensuu he placed sixth in the long distance and seventh in the middle distance. At the Oceania MTB Orienteering Championships in Victoria, Australia in 2007 he won gold medals in both the sprint, the middle distance and the long distance. At the 2008 World MTB Orienteering Championships in Ostróda, he won a gold medal in the middle distance, placed sixth in the sprint, placed sixth in the long distance, and eleventh in the relay. In Ben Shemen in 2009 he became world champion in both the sprint, ahead of Lasse Brun Pedersen, and in the long distance, ahead of Ruslan Gritsan, and placed fifth in the middle distance. At the 2010 World Championships in Montalegre he won a gold medal in the sprint, ahead of Tõnis Erm, a silver medal in the middle distance behind Samuli Saarela, and a silver medal in the long distance behind Anton Foliforov.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 27,
"passage": "anton foliforov",
"start": 12,
"text": "Anton Foliforov"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices"... |
Italian battleship Vittorio Veneto | [
{
"indices": [
87,
112
],
"target": "Battle of Vittorio Veneto"
},
{
"indices": [
150,
173
],
"target": "Austria-Hungary"
},
{
"indices": [
206,
217
],
"target": "World War I"
},
{
"indices": [
223,
227
],
"t... | p_1772 | Vittorio Veneto was ordered under the 1934 construction program, and was named for the Battle of Vittorio Veneto, a decisive Italian victory over the Austro-Hungarian Empire in October–November 1918 during World War I. Her keel was laid on 28 October 1934 at Cantieri Riuniti dell'Adriatico in Trieste, the same day as her sister ship . Vittorio Veneto was launched on 25 July 1937, and major construction was completed by October 1939. The fitting-out process was greatly delayed due to repeated changes to the design and shortages of heavy armor plate. Before she could begin sea trials, Vittorio Veneto was moved to Venice on 4 October to have her bottom cleaned of the fouling that had accumulated during the long fitting-out period, since the Venice Arsenal had the only drydock in Italy long enough to accommodate a ship the size of the Littorio class.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 95,
"passage": "battle of vittorio veneto",
"start": 85,
"text": "24 October"
},
{
"end": 114,
"passage": "battle of vittorio veneto",
"start": 110,
"text": "191... |
Keith Richards | [
{
"indices": [
182,
197
],
"target": "Johnnie Johnson (musician)"
},
{
"indices": [
352,
366
],
"target": "Charles Mingus"
},
{
"indices": [
429,
441
],
"target": "George Jones"
},
{
"indices": [
471,
492
],
... | p_1773 | In the 1990s and 2000s Richards continued to contribute to a wide range of musical projects as a guest artist. A few of the notable sessions he has done include guitar and vocals on Johnnie Johnson's 1991 release Johnnie B. Bad, which he also co-produced; and lead vocals and guitar on "Oh Lord, Don't Let Them Drop That Atomic Bomb on Me" on the 1992 Charles Mingus tribute album Weird Nightmare. He duetted with country legend George Jones on "Say It's Not You" on the Bradley Barn Sessions (1994); a second duet from the same sessions, "Burn Your Playhouse Down", appeared on Jones' 2008 release Burn Your Playhouse Down – The Unreleased Duets. He partnered with Levon Helm on "Deuce and a Quarter" for Scotty Moore's album All the King's Men (1997). His guitar and lead vocals are featured on the Hank Williams tribute album Timeless (2001) and on veteran blues guitarist Hubert Sumlin's album About Them Shoes (2005). Richards also added guitar and vocals to Toots & the Maytals' recording of "Careless Ethiopians" for their 2004 album True Love, which won the Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album. Additionally, in December 2007 Richards released a download-only Christmas single via iTunes of "Run Rudolph Run"; and the B-side was a 2003 recorded version of the famous reggae song "Pressure Drop" featuring Toots Hibbert singing with Richards backed by original Maytals band members Jackie Jackson and Paul Douglas.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
398,
441
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He duetted with country legend George Jones"
}
... |
Ecology of the San Francisco Estuary | [
{
"indices": [
49,
63
],
"target": "Pacific Flyway"
},
{
"indices": [
337,
343
],
"target": "Scaup"
},
{
"indices": [
466,
484
],
"target": "Endangered species"
},
{
"indices": [
514,
535
],
"target": "Califo... | p_1774 | The San Francisco Estuary is a major stop on the Pacific flyway for migrating waterfowl. Yet little is known about the flow of carbon in or out of the estuary via birds. Millions of waterfowl annually use the bay shallows as a refuge. Most of the birds are dabbling ducks that feed on submerged aquatic vegetation. Diving ducks (such as scaups) feed on epibenthic organisms like C. amurensis, representing a possible flow of carbon from that otherwise dead end. Two endangered species of birds are found here: the California least tern and the California clapper rail. Exposed bay muds provide important feeding areas for shorebirds, but underlying layers of bay mud pose geological hazards for structures near many parts of the bay perimeter. Piscivorous birds such as cormorants and pelicans also inhabit the estuary, but their trophic impact remains poorly studied.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
462,
535
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Two endangered species of birds are found here: the Calif... |
2004 São Paulo FC season | [
{
"indices": [
4,
15
],
"target": "2004 in Brazilian football"
},
{
"indices": [
20,
29
],
"target": "São Paulo FC"
},
{
"indices": [
85,
104
],
"target": "Campeonato Paulista"
},
{
"indices": [
106,
124
],
"... | p_1775 | The 2004 season was São Paulo's 75th season since club's existence. São Paulo played Campeonato Paulista, State of São Paulo league, being defeated in a single match quarterfinal by São Caetano, 0–2, at home field due advantage points in first phase. After 10 years the club return to play the continental tournament, Copa Libertadores, that were champions in 1992, 1993 and runners-up in 1994 the last participation before 2004, reached this time the semifinals where they lost to Once Caldas in away game for 1–2 after a 0–0 in Morumbi. In Campeonato Brasileiro ending the 46 rounds with a third position, but the featured unpleasant happened in 38th match against São Caetano on 27 October when the defender of adversary Serginho fell in the field near the small area of São Caetano's defence suffering a fatal cardiac arrest at 60 minutes. With announcement of his death the match was finished and the remainder was played on 3 November. In Copa Sudamericana Tricolor was eliminated by rival Santos in second stage.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
67
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The 2004 season was São Paulo's 75th season since club's exi... |
Dinosaurs on a Spaceship | [
{
"indices": [
507,
523
],
"target": "The Angels Take Manhattan"
},
{
"indices": [
574,
587
],
"target": "Mark Williams (actor)"
},
{
"indices": [
640,
652
],
"target": "Fifth Doctor"
},
{
"indices": [
689,
702
]... | p_1776 | Chibnall suggested including a "bonkers" gang of characters picked from around time and space. He felt that Doctor Who could have "collisions of characters that no other show in the world can do", and that it was about finding a "disparate" group of characters who would "bounce" off each other. Nefertiti's decision not to return to her own time fits in with the historical record, as the date and cause of her death are unknown. Chibnall asked to introduce Rory's father, as Amy and Rory would be leaving in four episodes and Rory's family life had not been explored yet. Mark Williams who played Rory's father previously appeared in the Fifth Doctor audio adventure The Eternal Summer. Rupert Graves, who played an Edwardian hunter in this episode, previously worked with Moffat on the BBC series Sherlock. David Bradley's character, Solomon, was modelled on a "well-known nightclub owner with long hair". Chibnall described him as "half businessman, half Somali pirate". Bradley and Williams had previously worked together on the Harry Potter film franchise. Bradley was later cast as the First Doctor William Hartnell for the 50th anniversary documentary drama An Adventure in Space and Time. Comedy duo Mitchell and Webb provided the voices of Solomon's two robots; executive producer Caroline Skinner called the casting choice "perfect". Richard Hope, who played the Silurian Bleytal, previously appeared as Malohkeh in the episodes "The Hungry Earth", "Cold Blood" and "The Wedding of River Song".
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 181,
"passage": "fifth doctor",
"start": 168,
"text": "Peter Davison"
}
],
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"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [... |
Arthur A. O'Leary | [
{
"indices": [
59,
75
],
"target": "Washington, D.C."
},
{
"indices": [
107,
134
],
"target": "Baltimore and Ohio Railroad"
},
{
"indices": [
155,
170
],
"target": "Gonzaga College High School"
},
{
"indices": [
180,
... | p_1777 | Arthur Aloysius O'Leary was born on September 27, 1887, in Washington, D.C. His father was a worker on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. He was educated at Gonzaga College, and his parish was the adjacent St. Aloysius Church. He entered the Society of Jesus on August 14, 1903, and was sent to St. Andrew-on-Hudson in New York for his scholasticate. He then completed his studies at Woodstock College in Maryland, where he earned a Doctor of Philosophy. He went to Georgetown University in 1912, as a professor of philosophy, holding the position until 1916. At the same time, he was also spiritual director for the university. He was finally ordained a priest in 1919, becoming a member of the first class of priests ordained at Georgetown. He then returned to St. Andrew-on-Hudson, where he taught for several years.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "57",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
135
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Arthur Aloysius O'Leary was born on September 27, 1887,... |
Vicelinus | [
{
"indices": [
24,
30
],
"target": "Bremen"
},
{
"indices": [
135,
166
],
"target": "Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen"
},
{
"indices": [
196,
200
],
"target": "Laon"
},
{
"indices": [
231,
238
],
"target": "Pet... | p_1778 | Vicelinus was called to Bremen to act as teacher and principal of the school, and was offered a canonry by Archbishop Frederick of the Archbishopric of Hamburg-Bremen. In 1122 he may have gone to Laon to complete his studies under Abelard. In 1126, Vicelinus decided to travel to Madgeburg, in order to see St. Norbert, who at that time was the archbishop. He hoped that St. Norbert would ordain him a priest and he could begin missionary work among the Slavs. For one reason or another this plan failed and so Vicelinus returned to Bremen, where Bishop Albero ordained him. Hamburg-Bremen's Archbishop Adalbero sent him among the Polabian Slavs, and in the fall of 1126 Henry, Prince of the Obotrites, gave him a church in Liubice, near the site of the later Lübeck. At the death of Henry (22 March 1127) Vicelinus returned to Bremen, and was appointed pastor at Wippenthorp. This gave him an opportunity to work among the Wagrians and neighbouring Obotrites.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "year",
"answer_value": "1",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
240,
356
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1126, Vicelinus decided to travel to Madgeburg, in o... |
Leland Ossian Howard | [
{
"indices": [
162,
176
],
"target": "Edward Charles Pickering"
},
{
"indices": [
250,
269
],
"target": "William Howard Taft"
},
{
"indices": [
318,
326
],
"target": "Rockford, Illinois"
},
{
"indices": [
331,
347
... | p_1779 | Howard was born to Ossian Gregory Howard, a lawyer, and Lucy Denham Thurber on 11 June 1857. His relatives from his mother's side included the Harvard astronomer E.C. Pickering while other distant relatives included Senator J.M. Howard and President William Howard Taft. Shortly after his birth, the family moved from Rockford, to Ithaca, New York where his father worked with a law firm. Howard attended Ithaca Academy. An interest in insect collecting encouraged by his parents with the gift of The Butterfly Hunters by Mary Treat at the age of 10 followed by more books and at the age of 13, along with another collector friend, recorded the introduction of the European cabbage butterfly (Pieris rapae) in the Catskill region. Along with his friends, he founded the Ithaca Natural History Society to meet and discuss papers and insects. While out collecting one day, he met John Henry Comstock, who invited him to his lab at Cornell University. Howard enrolled in Cornell in September 1873, three years after the death of his father, and following the advice of his mother's friends, went to study civil engineering. Doing poorly in differential calculus made him drop engineering and he began to study other subjects including French, German, and Italian. He then joined Comstock's lab as the first research student and graduated in June 1877 with a thesis on respiration in the larva of Corydalis cornutus. He worked with Burt Green Wilder and Simon Henry Gage and received a masters at Cornell. In the 1880s, he also attended Columbian College (now George Washington University) for medicine, although he didn't complete it. He however received an honorary MD from the same university in 1911 for his contribution to medical entomology.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 819,
"passage": "edward charles pickering",
"start": 814,
"text": "1877 "
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices... |
Nachman Dushanski | [
{
"indices": [
37,
48
],
"target": "World War I"
},
{
"indices": [
299,
307
],
"target": "Komsomol"
},
{
"indices": [
537,
545
],
"target": "Šiauliai"
},
{
"indices": [
550,
559
],
"target": "Raseiniai"
},
... | p_1780 | Dushanki's father was blinded during World War I and could not provide for the large family. Therefore, after graduating from the 6th grade, Dushanski began working. This early exposure to manual labor pushed him into communism–socialism and, in 1934, he joined the illegal Lithuanian branch of the Komsomol (Communist Union of Youth) and helped distributing underground communist publications. For such communist activities he was arrested in June 1936. First, he was jailed in a juvenile prison; later he was transferred to prisons in Šiauliai and Raseiniai. While in prison, Dushanski joined the Lithuanian Communist Party in 1938. He was released when Soviet Union occupied Lithuania in June 1940 and was given a job as an assistant security officer at the NKVD office in Telšiai. His duties included securing the Soviet Union – Nazi Germany border. He was involved in mass arrests of the "enemies of the people" and the June deportation. Conflicting witnesses testimony implicated Dushanski in the Rainiai massacre, one of the many NKVD prisoner massacres at the beginning of the German invasion of the Soviet Union. According to Dushanski, at the time he was returning from a vacation in Crimea and was attempting to evacuate his family from Šiauliai into Russia. However, the train did not leave the station and his parents and three siblings perished during the Holocaust; only his brother Jacob survived.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 104,
"passage": "nkvd",
"start": 68,
"text": "Narodnyy Komissariat Vnutrennikh Del"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
House of Lancaster | [
{
"indices": [
43,
57
],
"target": "Cadet branch"
},
{
"indices": [
71,
91
],
"target": "House of Plantagenet"
},
{
"indices": [
126,
146
],
"target": "Henry III of England"
},
{
"indices": [
159,
183
],
"tar... | p_1781 | The House of Lancaster was the name of two cadet branches of the royal House of Plantagenet. The first house was created when Henry III of England created the Earldom of Lancasterfrom which the house was namedfor his second son Edmund Crouchback in 1267. Edmund had already been created Earl of Leicester in 1265 and was granted the lands and privileges of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, after de Montfort's death and attainder at the end of the Second Barons' War. When Edmund's son Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, inherited his father-in-law's estates and title of Earl of Lincoln he became at a stroke the most powerful nobleman in England, with lands throughout the kingdom and the ability to raise vast private armies to wield power at national and local levels. This brought himand Henry, his younger brotherinto conflict with their cousin Edward II of England, leading to Thomas's execution. Henry inherited Thomas's titles and he and his son, who was also called Henry, gave loyal service to Edward's sonEdward III of England.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 4585,
"passage": "thomas, 2nd earl of lancaster",
"start": 4551,
"text": "Henry de Lacy, 3rd Earl of Lincoln"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"... |
1880 and 1881 United States Senate elections | [
{
"indices": [
14,
24
],
"target": "Republican Party (United States)"
},
{
"indices": [
76,
91
],
"target": "Dennis McCarthy (congressman)"
},
{
"indices": [
241,
256
],
"target": "Thomas C. Platt"
},
{
"indices": [
265,
... | p_1782 | The caucus of Republican State legislators met on January 13, State Senator Dennis McCarthy presided. All but one of the legislators were present, only State Senator Edward M. Madden (13th D.) was absent. The caucus nominated Ex-Congressman Thomas C. Platt for the U.S. Senate. Platt was a friend of the other U.S. Senator from New York, Roscoe Conkling, and belonged to the Stalwart faction. The opposing Half-Breeds (in the press sometimes referred to as the "anti-machine men") at first wanted to nominate Chauncey M. Depew, but he withdrew before balloting. The majority of the Half-Breeds, led by President pro tempore of the State Senate William H. Robertson, then supported Platt, a minority voted for Sherman S. Rogers, the defeated Republican candidate for Lieutenant Governor of New York in 1876. Congressman Richard Crowley was supported by a faction led by Speaker of the State Assembly George H. Sharpe, allied with Governor Alonzo B. Cornell. U.S. Vice President William A. Wheeler, and Congressmen Elbridge G. Lapham and Levi P. Morton also received votes.
| [] |
Blue Panther 40th Anniversary Show | [
{
"indices": [
47,
56
],
"target": "Ring name"
},
{
"indices": [
57,
69
],
"target": "Blue Panther"
},
{
"indices": [
166,
197
],
"target": "Universal Wrestling Association"
},
{
"indices": [
240,
275
],
"tar... | p_1783 | Genaro Vazquez Nevarez, better known under the Ring name Blue Panther, made his professional wrestling debut on October 8, 1978. His first break came working for the Universal Wrestling Association in the early 1980s. In the UWA he won the UWA World Welterweight Championship, and the UWA World Junior Light Heavyweight Championship twice. He later moved on to Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), the promotion he worked for, for most of his career. In CMLL he became involved in the storyline feud that would not only bring him to national and international attention but also helped cement his reputation as highly talented wrestler, a feud against "Love Machine" Art Barr, The feud spanned two promotions (CMLL and Asistencia Asesoría y Administración), included two high profile Lucha de Apuestas, or bet matches, where Blue Panther won the mask, and then the hair of Barr, as well as a long series of main event matches. In CMLL Blue Panther's won the CMLL World Middleweight Championship, the CMLL World Tag Team Championship with Atlantis, CMLL World Trios Championship twice, and the Mexican National Trios Championship twice. In 2007 he won the mask of Lizmark Jr., but lost his own mask the following year to Villano V. At his 35th Anniversary Show in 2013 Vazquez introduced two of his sons to the wrestling world, Blue Panther Jr. and Black Panther. For the 40th-anniversary show, Vazques was involved in booking two matches for the show, including creating the Copa Halcón Suriano in honor of his wrestling trainer.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
340,
451
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He later moved on to Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL... |
Xak: The Art of Visual Stage | [
{
"indices": [
71,
74
],
"target": "NEC"
},
{
"indices": [
77,
84
],
"target": "PC-8800 series"
},
{
"indices": [
89,
96
],
"target": "PC-9800 series"
},
{
"indices": [
185,
189
],
"target": "MSX"
},
{
... | p_1784 | The initial versions of Xak: The Art of Visual Stage were released for NEC's PC-8801 and PC-9801 systems in June 1989. These were then followed by graphically distinct releases for the MSX2 (November 1989) and Sharp X68000 (April 1990). In 1992, the game was released for the PC Engine along with its sequel, , in the one-disc compilation Xak I & II. Ported by Riot, the game features animated cut scenes and requires the Super System Card update if played on the PC Engine's original CD-ROM add-on. Another console port was published by Sunsoft for the Super Famicom in February 1993. The latest visually enhanced remake was developed for Japanese mobile phones and became available on Vodafone live! on June 1, 2004. The game was the first release in Bandai's "RPG Empire" line of role-playing games.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 164,
"passage": "pc-8800 series",
"start": 160,
"text": "1981"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Anti-Catholicism in the United Kingdom | [
{
"indices": [
4,
23
],
"target": "Glorious Revolution"
},
{
"indices": [
63,
71
],
"target": "James II of England"
},
{
"indices": [
186,
197
],
"target": "William III of England"
},
{
"indices": [
223,
245
],
... | p_1785 | The Glorious Revolution of 1689 involved the overthrow of King James II, who converted to Catholicism before he became king and favoured the Catholics, and his replacement by son-in-law William III, a Dutch Protestant. The Act of Settlement 1701, which was passed by the Parliament of England, stated the heir to the throne must not be a "Papist" and that an heir who is a Catholic or who marries one will be excluded from the succession to the throne. This law was extended to Scotland through the Act of Union which formed the Kingdom of Great Britain. The Act was amended in 2013 as regards marriage to a Catholic and the ecumenical movement has contributed to reducing sectarian tensions in the country.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 187,
"passage": "james ii of england",
"start": 172,
"text": "6 February 1685"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"in... |
D'oh-in' in the Wind | [
{
"indices": [
26,
36
],
"target": "Billy Joel"
},
{
"indices": [
50,
61
],
"target": "Uptown Girl"
},
{
"indices": [
183,
203
],
"target": "Beavis and Butt-Head"
},
{
"indices": [
289,
302
],
"target": "Grat... | p_1786 | Additionally, Homer sings Billy Joel's 1983 song "Uptown Girl". After drinking the tainted juice, Grampa and Jasper sit on a bench, laughing like the title characters from the series Beavis and Butt-head, while Flanders hallucinates skeletons and dancing bears (images associated with the Grateful Dead), marching hammers (from Pink Floyd's 1982 film Pink Floyd—The Wall) and The Rolling Stones' lips and tongue logo. Mr. Burns' film is credited as "An Alan Smithee Film", a reference to the Alan Smithee pseudonym credit used by directors who wanted to be disassociated from a film on which they had lost creative control, to the detriment of the final product. When Barney drinks alcohol to prevent the bad effects from the tainted juice, a pink elephant comes to his rescue, referencing the scene in Dumbo where Dumbo and Timothy drink alcohol and see pink elephants. Seth and Munchie's dog is named Ginsberg, thought to be a reference to beat poet Allen Ginsberg. Homer putting the flowers in the policemen's rifles is a reference to the iconic October 22, 1967 Life magazine picture, "Flower Power" by Bernie Boston.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
63
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Additionally, Homer sings Billy Joel's 1983 song \"Uptown Gi... |
Lucia Demetrius | [
{
"indices": [
8,
17
],
"target": "Bucharest"
},
{
"indices": [
47,
63
],
"target": "Vasile Demetrius"
},
{
"indices": [
136,
158
],
"target": "Saint Sava National College"
},
{
"indices": [
192,
203
],
"targ... | p_1787 | Born in Bucharest, her parents were the writer Vasile Demetrius and his wife Antigona (née Rabinovici). Her beloved father had attended Saint Sava High School, where one of his classmates was Ion G. Duca, who would become Lucia's godfather. Her mother was a baptized Jew; she had numerous siblings and the family was very poor. She attended the elite Maria Brâncoveanu central school from 1921 to 1928; its director, to whom she grew close, was the widow of Barbu Ștefănescu Delavrancea. This was followed by the University of Bucharest, where she earned degrees in literature (1931) and philosophy (1932). A student at the Dramatic Arts Conservatory from 1928 to 1931, she had Ion Manolescu as a professor. She formed part of the Sburătorul literary circle. Asking Ion Marin Sadoveanu for help in finding a job, he sent her to act at Cernăuți, and would also appear at Brașov and Bucharest, invariably in minor roles.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 83,
"passage": "bucharest",
"start": 76,
"text": "Romania"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Arthur English | [
{
"indices": [
64,
89
],
"target": "The Ghosts of Motley Hall"
},
{
"indices": [
122,
125
],
"target": "ITV (TV network)"
},
{
"indices": [
139,
157
],
"target": "ITV Granada"
},
{
"indices": [
180,
189
],
"t... | p_1788 | He had more likeable roles in two British children's TV series: The Ghosts of Motley Hall, which ran from 1976 to 1978 on ITV (produced by Granada Television), and as "Slugger" in Follyfoot, which ran from 1971 to 1973, also on ITV (produced by Yorkshire Television). He was in several other films and Everyday Maths (1978), a British TV schools programme starring Jack Wild as English's grandson. In 1978 he was the subject in This Is Your Life, while in May 1983 he was a guest on Desert Island Discs with Roy Plomley. Also in 1983 he played Frosch in Die Fliedermaus with English National Opera at the London Coliseum. In 1985 he appeared in an episode of the American TV series Magnum, P.I..
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
231
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He had more likeable roles in two British children's TV ser... |
Battle of Mannheim (1799) | [
{
"indices": [
20,
42
],
"target": "First Battle of Zurich"
},
{
"indices": [
62,
75
],
"target": "André Masséna"
},
{
"indices": [
149,
182
],
"target": "Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen"
},
{
"indices": [
334,
340... | p_1789 | On 4 June 1799, the First Battle of Zurich was fought between André Masséna's 45,000-strong Army of the Danube and a 53,000-man Austrian army led by Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen. Austrian casualties numbered 2,400 and eight guns while the French lost 4,400 men and 28 guns. Though the French held their ground, Masséna evacuated Zürich the next day and withdrew to a strong position overlooking the city. Altogether, Masséna commanded 76,781 troops. In Switzerland were infantry divisions under Claude Lecourbe (1st), Joseph Chabran (2nd), Jean-de-Dieu Soult (3rd), Jean Thomas Guillaume Lorge (4th), Jean Victor Tharreau (5th), François Goullus (6th), Joseph Souham (7th) and Louis Marie Turreau (Valais), a cavalry division under Louis Klein and an infantry reserve under Jean Joseph Amable Humbert, plus occupation troops. The 6th and 7th Divisions were supervised by Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino while Lecourbe controlled the 1st and 2nd. Included in Masséna's command were Claude Juste Alexandre Legrand with 6,186 men and Claude-Sylvestre Colaud with 5,106 men watching the Rhine north of Strasbourg. Opposed to the French were 85,000 troops led by Charles, including a force watching the French divisions on the Rhine to the north and eight battalions under Gottfried von Strauch near the Saint Gotthard Pass in the south.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 113,
"passage": "strasbourg",
"start": 107,
"text": "France"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Raffaello de Banfield | [
{
"indices": [
110,
117
],
"target": "Trieste"
},
{
"indices": [
123,
144
],
"target": "University of Bologna"
},
{
"indices": [
188,
194
],
"target": "Venice"
},
{
"indices": [
202,
226
],
"target": "Gian Fr... | p_1790 | Raffaello de Banfield attended the Swiss International "Lyceum Alpinum Zuoz", the "Dante Alighieri" Lyceum in Trieste, the University of Bologna and the Benedetto Marcello Conservatory in Venice led by Gian Francesco Malipiero. He studied composition from 1946 to 1949 at the National Conservatory (under the direction of Henri Busser) with Nadia Boulanger in Paris. In these years he met Herbert von Karajan with whom he had a lifelong friendship, and also with artists such as Pablo Picasso, Jean Cocteau and Francis Poulenc. In the United States he belonged to the intellectual circle surrounding the writer and composer Paul Bowles, through which he met Tennessee Williams and Leonard Bernstein. In 1949 through the painter Leonor Fini he was introduced to the choreographer and ballet dancer Roland Petit; out of this grew the ballet Le combat ("The Duel"), which had its first original production in London in 1949. This piece, based upon the Tancred and Clorinda episode in Torquato Tasso's poem Gerusalemme liberata, was performed 39 times at the Vienna State Opera in the choreography of Dimitrije Parlic between 1959 and 1973. Until 1958 he spent time between Paris and New York and maintained a friendship also with Maria Callas. After years abroad in Italy, France, England and the United States, where he lived for more than ten years, he was from 1972 to 1996 Director of the Giuseppe Verdi Theatre in Trieste and he comprehensively renovated and modernised the Opera House. From 1978 to 1986 he was Director of the "" ("Festival of the two worlds") in Spoleto, Italy.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "67",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
700,
920
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1949 through the painter Leonor Fini he was introd... |
History of Texas A&M University–Commerce (1996–present) | [
{
"indices": [
0,
13
],
"target": "Colby Carthel"
},
{
"indices": [
49,
66
],
"target": "Angelo State Rams football"
},
{
"indices": [
235,
254
],
"target": "NCAA Division I"
},
{
"indices": [
260,
275
],
"ta... | p_1791 | Colby Carthel, who had played linebacker for the Angelo State Rams from 1996 to 1999, was named the A&M–Commerce head coach in January 2013, following the resignation of Morriss in November 2012. During the 2013 season, the team upset NCAA Division I FCS team Houston Baptist, 55–21. In December 2013, three Lions football players were named to the All-Super Region Four team: defensive end Charles Tuaau (first team), as well as wide receiver Vernon Johnson and defensive end Tevin Moore (second team). Darvin Peterson and Tuaau were the fifth and sixth Lions to be named to the AFCA All-America first team when they accomplished the feat in 2006 and 2013, respectively. During the 2014 season, the Lions set a Division II record for total offense when they accumulated 986 yards against East Texas Baptist in a 98–20 win. Lions football players of this era who went on to play in the National Football League include Cedric Bonner, who signed with the Atlanta Falcons in 2005, and 2012 Lone Star Conference (LSC) Linebacker of the Year Danny Mason, who signed with the Denver Broncos in 2015.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years old",
"answer_value": "37",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
195
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Colby Carthel, who had played linebacker for the An... |
2008 conflict in Lebanon | [
{
"indices": [
46,
53
],
"target": "Sit-in"
},
{
"indices": [
63,
70
],
"target": "Lebanon"
},
{
"indices": [
132,
145
],
"target": "Fouad Siniora"
},
{
"indices": [
194,
203
],
"target": "Hezbollah"
},
{... | p_1792 | On December 1, 2006, a series of protests and sit-ins began in Lebanon, led by groups that opposed the government of Prime Minister Fouad Siniora. The opposition group was made up of pro-Syrian Hezbollah and Amal. A number of smaller parties were also involved, including the Marada Movement, the Lebanese Communist Party and the Syrian Social Nationalist Party. Members of the government are part of the March 14 Alliance, a coalition of anti-Syrian political parties and former militias that include the Progressive Socialist Party, the Lebanese Forces and the Future Movement. The two groups are also divided along religious lines, the majority of Sunnis supporting the government and the Shi'a supporting the opposition group. Druze aligned with Walid Jumblatt support the government, while those allied to Talal Arslan have backed the opposition. The Christian community is divided as well, with Michel Aoun claiming to have 70% of the Christian community's support, based on the results of 2005 parliamentary elections. The opposition demanded that the government resign after Shi'a ministers had left the government in protest against a decision concerning the Hariri tribunal, thus unbalancing the proportional representation of religious groups as stipulated by the Lebanese Constitution. The standoff between the March 14 government and the March 8 opposition resulted in a year-long deadlock over the election of a new President to succeed Emile Lahoud whose term had expired.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 307,
"passage": "march 14 alliance",
"start": 296,
"text": "Saad Hariri"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices"... |
Living TV Group | [
{
"indices": [
70,
74
],
"target": "UKTV"
},
{
"indices": [
120,
131
],
"target": "UK Horizons"
},
{
"indices": [
152,
160
],
"target": "Home (TV channel)"
},
{
"indices": [
184,
192
],
"target": "Alibi (TV c... | p_1793 | Eventually the concept of the BBC/Flextech channels led the launch of UKTV in September 1997, with BBC Horizon becoming UK Horizons, BBC Style becoming UK Style and BBC Arena becoming UK Arena. Also the concept of a television version of BBC Radio 1 was reused for the UK Play channel, which launched on October 1998, but became defunct in September 2002 and the concept of BBC Catch-Up was later reused for the channel Watch, which was launched on October 2008. The concept of a dedicated BBC Sport channel never materialised, however, it has been reused when BBC Parliament was temporarily replaced by a dedicated BBC Sport channel in the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2012 Summer Olympics, plus a range of dedicated BBC Sport channels was launched specifically for the 2012 Summer Olympics, plus there is a BBC Sport interactive channel that is available on Freeview channel 301 as a part of the BBC Red Button service.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"answer_value": "yes",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
193
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Eventually the concept of the BBC/Flextech channels led ... |
Karl Herzfeld | [
{
"indices": [
72,
81
],
"target": "Gymnasium (school)"
},
{
"indices": [
82,
99
],
"target": "Schottengymnasium"
},
{
"indices": [
122,
139
],
"target": "Benedictines"
},
{
"indices": [
147,
168
],
"target":... | p_1794 | In 1902, when Herzfeld was 10 years old, he was enrolled in the private Gymnasium Schottengymnasium, which was run by the Benedictine Order of the Roman Catholic Church and had its name derived from the fact that the founders came from Scotland. He attended this school until 1910, when he began attending the University of Vienna to study physics and chemistry. In 1912, he took courses at the University of Zurich and the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH). It was in Zurich he met Otto Stern, who was at the ETH; Herzfeld later credited conversations with Stern for his deeper understanding of thermodynamics. In 1913, he went to study at the University of Göttingen, after which Herzfeld returned to Vienna, and was granted his doctorate in 1914, under Friedrich Hasenöhrl, who had become Director of the Institute for Theoretical Physics, upon the suicide of Ludwig Boltzmann in 1906.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "40",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
686,
791
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "after which Herzfeld returned to Vienna, and was gran... |
Wolfgang Vondey | [
{
"indices": [
51,
68
],
"target": "Regent University"
},
{
"indices": [
89,
107
],
"target": "Virginia Beach, Virginia"
},
{
"indices": [
220,
240
],
"target": "Marquette University"
},
{
"indices": [
313,
345
]... | p_1795 | Vondey was the professor of systematic theology at Regent University School of Divinity (Virginia Beach, VA, USA) until 2015, where he also founded and directed the Regent Center for Renewal Studies. Vondey’s Ph.D. from Marquette University is in systematic theology and ethics, and he also has a M.Div. from the Pentecostal Theological Seminary (Cleveland, Tennessee), and M.A. from University of Marburg, Germany. After completing his doctoral dissertation on the work on the Holy Spirit by Roman Catholic theologian, Heribert Mühlen, he went on to author several books on Pentecostalism and Pentecostal theology. He is a member of the steering committee of the European Research Network on Global Pentecostalism, associate editor of the journal, PentecoStudies, and co-editor of the monograph series, CHARIS: Christianity & Renewal - Interdisciplinary Studies (Palgrave Macmillan) and Systematic Pentecostal and Charismatic Theology (Bloomsbury T&T Clark). He organized the ecumenical studies group of the Society for Pentecostal Studies in 2001 and served as its chair until 2005. A classically trained systematic theologian, Vondey is considered a renewal theologian whose work addresses concerns of pneumatology, ecclesiology, ecumenical theology, and the intersection of theology and science. Perhaps his most popular work is his ecclesiology, People of Bread, while his most controversial work is Beyond Pentecostalism: The Crisis of Global Christianity and the Renewal of the Theological Agenda (Eerdmans, 2010). His book, Pentecostal Theology: Living the Full Gospel, proposes a systematic and constructive Pentecostal theology on the historical motif of the full gospel, and received the Pneuma Book Award of the Society for Pentecostal Studies in 2018. He is the editor of the Journal of the European Pentecostal Theological Association since 2019.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 121,
"passage": "marquette university",
"start": 112,
"text": "Wisconsin"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices... |
Emanuel Herrera | [
{
"indices": [
25,
49
],
"target": "2012 Primera División of Chile"
},
{
"indices": [
97,
111
],
"target": "Audax Italiano"
},
{
"indices": [
326,
340
],
"target": "Club Deportivo Palestino"
},
{
"indices": [
412,
42... | p_1796 | In the opening season of Chilean Primera División, Herrera scored on his debut in a 2–0 win over Audax Italiano on 29 January 2012. After 3 games without scoring, Herrera scored a brace in a 2–2 draw against Club Deportivo Universidad Católica on 26 February 2012 and scored in the next game on 3 March 2012 in a 3–1 win over C.D. Palestino which followed by the next game on 10 March 2012 in a 3–1 loss against CD Huachipato. On 24 March 2012, Herrera scored twice and setting up a goal for Fernando Cordero in a 5–2 win over Deportes La Serena. On 7 April 2012, Herrera scored and setting up a goal for Mauro Díaz in a 4–2 win over Colo-Colo. On 21 April 2012, Herrera scored in a 2–2 draw against Santiago Wanderers. On 28 April 2012, Herrera scored and setting up a goal for Braulio Leal in a 4–1 win over C.D. Universidad de Concepción. After scoring 10 goals in the regular season, Unión Española won the qualification for the final round to be in fifth place.
| [
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"answer": {
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"end": 512,
"passage": "2012 primera división of chile",
"start": 503,
"text": "Eighteen "
}
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"context": [
{
... |
Colony of British Columbia (1866–1871) | [
{
"indices": [
4,
30
],
"target": "Colony of Vancouver Island"
},
{
"indices": [
119,
131
],
"target": "Gulf Islands"
},
{
"indices": [
182,
192
],
"target": "Royal Navy"
},
{
"indices": [
458,
464
],
"target... | p_1797 | The Colony of Vancouver Island had been created in 1849 to bolster British claims to the whole island and the adjacent Gulf Islands, and to provide a North Pacific home port for the Royal Navy at Esquimalt. By the mid-1850s, the Island Colony's non-indigenous population was around 800 people; a mix of mostly British, French-Canadian, Metis, Hawaiians, but with handfuls of Iroquoians and Cree in the employ of the fur company, and a few Belgian and French Oblate priests (thousands of First Nations died due to the smallpox epidemic). Three years earlier, the Treaty of Washington had established the boundary between British North America and the United States of America west of the Rocky Mountains along the 49th parallel. The mainland area of present-day British Columbia, Canada was an unorganised territory under British sovereignty until 1858. The region was under the de facto administration of the Hudson's Bay Company, and its regional chief executive, James Douglas, who also happened to be Governor of Vancouver Island. The region was informally given the name New Caledonia, after the fur-trading district which covered the central and northern interior of the mainland west of the Rockies.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
853,
929
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The region was under the de facto administration of the H... |
Time Splitters (professional wrestling) | [
{
"indices": [
20,
32
],
"target": "Alex Shelley"
},
{
"indices": [
75,
92
],
"target": "Forever Hooligans"
},
{
"indices": [
94,
105
],
"target": "Alex Koslov"
},
{
"indices": [
110,
122
],
"target": "Rocky ... | p_1798 | On August 26, 2012, Alex Shelley and A.J. Kirsch unsuccessfully challenged Forever Hooligans (Alex Koslov and Rocky Romero) for the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship at a Sacramento Wrestling Federation (SWF) event in Gridley, California. Following the match, Kushida saved Shelley from a beatdown at the hands of Koslov and Romero. Shelley and Kushida began forming the tag team "Time Splitters" and scoring several wins over Koslov and Romero in multiple man teamed matches, after debuting their new double-team finishing maneuver, the I-94. On October 8 at King of Pro-Wrestling, Time Splitters unsuccessfully challenged Forever Hooligans for the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship. On October 21, the Time Splitters entered the 2012 Super Jr. Tag Tournament, defeating Jado & Gedo in their first round match. On November 2, Shelley and Kushida defeated Suzuki-gun (Taichi and Taka Michinoku) to advance to the finals, where, later that same day, they defeated Apollo 55 to win the tournament and become the number one contenders to the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship. On November 11 at Power Struggle, the Time Splitters defeated Forever Hooligans in a rematch to win the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship. Time Splitters made their first successful title defense on February 10, 2013, at The New Beginning, defeating Forever Hooligans in the third title match between the two teams. Their second successful defense took place on March 3 at New Japan's 41st anniversary event, where they defeated Jyushin Thunder Liger and Tiger Mask. On April 5, Shelley received his first shot at the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Championship, but was defeated by the defending champion, Prince Devitt. Two days later at Invasion Attack, Time Splitters defeated Devitt and Ryusuke Taguchi for their third successful defense of the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship. On May 3 at Wrestling Dontaku 2013, Time Splitters lost the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship back to the Forever Hooligans in their fourth defense.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "yes",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
92
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "On August 26, 2012, Alex Shelley and A.J. Kirsch unsucces... |
Arts in Seattle | [
{
"indices": [
73,
94
],
"target": "Century 21 Exposition"
},
{
"indices": [
106,
118
],
"target": "World's fair"
},
{
"indices": [
335,
347
],
"target": "Gay Nineties"
},
{
"indices": [
547,
562
],
"target":... | p_1799 | When Seattle decided to try to put itself on the map with the futuristic Century 21 Exposition — the 1962 World's Fair — high culture was on the agenda, as well as popular entertainment along the lines of "Gracie Hansen's Paradise International" and "Les Poupees de Paris," an adult-themed puppet show, both of which aspired more to a Gay Nineties naughtiness than to anything artistic. The Opera House on the grounds of the center was rebuilt for the occasion (and would be rebuilt again 2001–2003 as McCaw Hall); performers at the fair included Igor Stravinsky, Benny Goodman, and Victor Borge; the Seattle Symphony brought in opera singers and staged Aida. The Fine Arts Pavilion (later the Exhibition Hall) managed to bring in works by Titian, Van Dyck, and Monet, as well as more contemporary pieces by Jackson Pollock, Georgia O'Keeffe, and Alexander Calder and by Pacific Northwest artists Tobey, Callahan, and Graves. There was also a significant exhibition of Asian art and Northwest Coast Indian art. The exposition also commissioned a massive abstract mural by Horiuchi, which still forms the backdrop to the stage at Seattle Center's Mural Amphitheater.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 1430,
"passage": "igor stravinsky",
"start": 1420,
"text": "Stravinsky"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices":... |
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