title stringlengths 3 83 | links list | pid stringlengths 3 6 | text stringlengths 549 8.52k | questions list |
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Warner Bros. Animation | [
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"target": "Jean MacCurdy"
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"target": "Tom Ruegger"
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"target": "Hanna-Barbera"
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"target": "A Pu... | p_3100 | Beginning in 1986, Warner Bros. moved into regular television animation production. Warners' television division was established by WB Animation President Jean MacCurdy, who brought in producer Tom Ruegger and much of his staff from Hanna-Barbera Productions' A Pup Named Scooby-Doo series (1988–1991). A studio for the television unit was set up in the office tower of the Imperial Bank Building adjacent to the Sherman Oaks Galleria northwest of Los Angeles. Darrell Van Citters, who used to work at Disney, would work on the newer Bugs Bunny shorts, before leaving to form Renegade Animation in 1992. The first Warner Bros. original animated TV series Tiny Toon Adventures (1990–1995) was produced in conjunction with Amblin Entertainment, and featured young cartoon characters based upon specific Looney Tunes stars, and was a success. Later Amblin/Warner Bros. television shows, including Animaniacs (1993–1998), its spin-off Pinky and the Brain (1995–1998), and Freakazoid! (1995–1997) followed in continuing the Looney Tunes tradition of cartoon humor.
| [
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"text": "Warners' television division was established by WB Ani... |
Oleksander Ohloblyn | [
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"target": "Ukraine"
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"target": "Kiev"
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"target": "Odessa"
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"target": "Moscow"
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"indi... | p_3101 | Ohloblyn traced his ancestry to the Novgorod-Siversky region of Left-bank Ukraine, which had formed an important part of the autonomous Ukrainian "Hetmanate" in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and throughout his professional career as a historian retained a lively interest in this area and wrote frequently about it. Educated at the universities in Kiev, Odessa, and Moscow, from 1921 to 1933 he taught history at the Kiev Institute of People's Education (as Kiev University was known after the revolution), but during Joseph Stalin's purges, was dismissed from his posts, forced to recant his allegedly "bourgeois nationalist" views, and suffered repression including several months of imprisonment. In the late 1930s he returned to teaching at Kiev and Odessa universities. When the Germans occupied Kiev in the fall of 1941, Ohloblyn was appointed head of the Kiev Municipal Council, a post which he held from September 21 to October 25, and was a member of the Ukrainian National Council which tried to organize Ukrainian life under the difficult conditions of the occupation. He desperately tried to save from execution some of Jews he knew but the German commandant of Kiev informed him that "the Jewish issue belongs to exclusive jurisdiction of Germans and they will solve it at their own discretion" (, in Russian). Politics under the Nazis was not to his taste and he quickly retired from his public positions and returned to his scholarly work. In 1942 he worked as a director of Kiev Museum-Archive of Transitional Period, whose exhibition compared life under Bolsheviks and under Germans. In 1943 he moved to Lviv in western Ukraine and in 1944 to Prague. Upon the approach of the Red Army, he fled west to Bavaria. From 1946 to 1951, he taught at the Ukrainian Free University in Munich. In 1951, he moved to the United States where he was active in various Ukrainian emigre scholarly institutions such as the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the US and the Ukrainian Historical Association. From 1968 to 1970, he was a Visiting Professor of History at Harvard University.
| [
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32... |
Ekaterina Alexandrova | [
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"target": "2019 St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy"
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"target": "2019 Hungarian Ladies Open"
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"target": "2019 BNP Paribas Open"
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... | p_3102 | In 2019, Alexandrova had more success in the WTA Tour. Seeded sixth, she reached the quarterfinals of the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, followed by a semifinal entry at the Hungarian Ladies Open. She entered the 3rd Round of the Premier Mandatory BNP Paribas Open in Indian Wells, after beating World No. 13 Caroline Wozniacki in three sets. She performed not satisfying on clay tournaments, except at French Open, reaching the third round of a Grand Slam tournament for the first time. In the grass court season, Alexandrova made it into the quarterfinals of the Premier Eastbourne International tournament, losing there to Karolina Pliskova. She achieved her best run in a Premier 5 tournament at the Rogers Cup, reaching the 3rd Round as qualifier. She lost to Serena Williams. After reaching the 2nd Round of the US Open and following Daria Kasatkina's 1st Round loss, Alexandrova became Russia's number one female tennis player.
| [
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"text": "Seeded sixth, she reached the quarterfinals of the St. Pet... |
Spokane Veterans Memorial Arena | [
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"target": "Basketball"
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"target": "Gonzaga Bulldogs men's basketball"
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"target": "Washington State Cougars men's basketball"
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... | p_3103 | Spokane Arena, in addition to its duties as being the host of Chiefs and Shock games, also has served as a secondary home for the men's basketball programs of Gonzaga University and Washington State University for nearly every year since opened. Washington State has played 33 matchups in the Spokane Arena in 19 of the 22 years with a record of 18–15 (1–7 vs. ranked opponents), while Gonzaga has hosted 18 games in 15 of the 22 years with a record of 12–6 (1–2 vs. ranked opposition). In-state rivals Washington State and Gonzaga have faced off against each other in the arena on five occasions (1995, 1996, 1998, 1999, and 2014) with the Zags owning a 3–2 record against the Cougars in those games. The Bulldogs' faced off against local rival Eastern Washington University at the arena in four consecutive years (2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005), each won by the Zags, but just like with the Cougars, the rivalry has gone dormant due to the rise of the Zags' program to major status since the late 1990s, while the Cougars and Eagles have not seen much national spotlight. Washington State has often hosted home games at the Spokane Arena as a part of its Pac-12 Conference men's basketball schedule, holding a 7–9 against conference foes in the arena, facing UCLA (1996 and 2004), Oregon (1997 and 2011), Oregon State (1997, 2011, and 2017), Arizona (1998, 2001, and 2006), Washington (1999), USC (2000 and 2004), Stanford (2004), California (2005), and Colorado (2014). With Gonzaga's rise to prominence, the Zags were able to bring high major schools like Washington (1998), Georgia (2003), Memphis (2007, 2009, and 2011) and Oklahoma (2009) to the Spokane Arena, with the Gonzaga holding a 2–3 record in those matchups, but with conference realignment and the West Coast Conference's additions of BYU (2011) and Pacific (2013), the Zags have been more selective and limited in their scheduling with four less matchups in their non-conference schedule, so they have only played in the Spokane Arena once since 2012.
| [
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Charles E. Vreeland | [
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"target": "Sloop-of-war"
}... | p_3104 | Vreeland was further promoted to master and then lieutenant after successive tours of duty on board the screw steamer , the gunboat and the sloop-of-war . He was then assigned to the Nautical Almanac Office of the US Naval Observatory in November 1881 after a brief period ashore awaiting orders. In March 1884, Lt. Vreeland began a three-year tour at sea aboard the sloop-of-war , after which he was assigned for two years at the Bureau of Navigation. He was then assigned briefly (from July to September 1889) with the Office of Naval Intelligence and reported to the Coast Survey late in October, a posting he took until the spring of 1893, when Vreeland was assigned a series of tours as naval attaché — first in Rome, Vienna and finally in Berlin.
| [
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"text": "1862 "
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{... |
Joey Hamilton | [
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"indices": [
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],... | p_3105 | He made his Major League debut on May 24, 1994. In the game, Hamilton allowed three runs and five hits in six innings but ended up winning the game 6–3 after Phil Clark hit a three–run home run. Overall, Hamilton went 9–6 with a 2.69 ERA in 108 innings pitched. He was fifth in the Major League Baseball Rookie of the Year Award voting for the National League. In 1995, Hamilton went 6–9 with a 3.08 ERA in 30 starts and 204 innings pitched. Hamilton gave up 189 hits and 70 earned runs (89 unearned). Hamilton walked 56 batters and struck out 123. At age 25 in 1996, Hamilton put up a career high in wins (15) and his second most innings pitched (211). Hamilton accrued a 4.17 ERA in 33 starts, along with 206 hits allowed and 98 earned runs. In his fourth year with San Diego in 1997, Hamilton started on Opening Day for the Padres. In the game, he pitched six innings and gave up four runs on eight hits. The Padres won the game over the New York Mets 12–6. Hamilton compiled a 12–7 record with a 4.25 ERA for the season and gave up 69 walks and struck out 124. Hamilton suffered a shoulder injury that was described as an inflammation of the rotator cuff and bursa sac. This injury forced Hamilton onto the disabled list during the 1997 season. Hamilton called the injury "real scary", saying that he feared he may lose the ability to throw . During the 1998 off-season, San Diego acquired Kevin Brown through a trade with the Florida Marlins, giving San Diego three pitchers who could throw at and above, including Hamilton. With the Padres in 1998, Hamilton's last season in San Diego, he had a 13–13 record, 4.27 ERA in 34 starts and 217 innings pitched. He walked a career-high 106 batters and struck out 147. There was a rumored trade around the 1998 MLB trade deadline that would have sent Hamilton to the Detroit Tigers, but it never materialized. During the 1998 World Series, the Padres scheduled Hamilton to pitch game four but was passed over for game one starter Kevin Brown and instead entered game three to relieve starter Sterling Hitchcock. With San Diego, Hamilton went 55 and 44 with a 3.75 ERA in 934 innings pitched.
| [
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"text": "This injury forced Hamilton onto the disabled list duri... |
Agnieszka Radwańska | [
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"target": "Svetlana Kuznetsova"
},
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"target": "2007 Wimbledon Championships"
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"target": "2008 Australian Open"
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41... | p_3106 | Radwańska and Svetlana Kuznetsova played each other eighteen times since 2007, with Radwańska trailing the head-to-head 4–14. Their first meeting was at Wimbledon in 2007 with Radwańska losing in straight sets. She lost their first three meetings, but in the four meetings that eventuated in 2008, she would win three of them, including in the third round of the Australian Open and in the fourth round of Wimbledon. Additionally, she also defeated her at the year-end championships later in the year after replacing an injured Ana Ivanovic during the round robin stage. Radwańska would later struggle in the rivalry, at one point losing six meetings in a row, including an upset loss at the 2012 French Open, before ending this losing streak at the 2014 Mutua Madrid Open, saving three match points in the process. Radwańska also lost to Kuznetsova in the two finals in which they met, first at Beijing in 2009 and then at San Diego in 2010. In 2015, Radwańska lost to Kuznetsova again in the opening match of Fed Cup tie between Russia and Poland. Their most recent meeting at the 2016 Wuhan Open saw Radwańska lose a three-set, quarter-final thriller after holding a match point in the second set. They met for the 17th time at the WTA Finals in Singapore, with Radwańska again wasting a match point in a three-set loss. Their most recent meeting, at the 2017 Wimbledon Championships, saw Radwańska lose in straight sets, a decade on from their first meeting.
| [
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Livonian Chronicle of Henry | [
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"target": "Fourth Crusade"
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"target": "Constantinople"
},
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203
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"target": "Norther... | p_3107 | Papal calls for renewed holy war at the end of the twelfth century inspired not only the disastrous Fourth Crusade that sacked Constantinople in 1204, but also a series of simultaneous "Northern Crusades" that are less fully covered in English-language popular history, but which were more successful in the long run. Before the crusades, the region of Livonia was a mixed outpost, a pagan society where merchants from the Hanseatic League encountered merchants of Novgorod, and where Germanic, Scandinavian, and Russian trade, culture, and cults all mingled. The specific ethnic groups that intermingled and traded with the Germans, Danish, Swedish, and Russians here included the Wends, who were merchants from Lübeck, the Estonians, the Karelians, the Kuronians, the Lettgallians, the Semgallians (sometimes known as the Letts), the Livonians and the Lithuanians. The Western merchants would trade silver, textiles, and other luxury goods for furs, beeswax, honey, leather, dried fish, and amber. Livonia had been an especially promising location in terms of resources, and Arnold of Lübeck, in his Chronicle of the Slavs wrote that the land was "abundant in many riches" and was "fertile in fields, plentiful in pastures, irrigated by rivers", and "also sufficiently rich in fish and forested with trees".
| [
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"text": "Papal calls for renewed holy war at the end of the twelfth ... |
Brazilian cruiser Bahia | [
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"target": "Philadelphia"
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"target": "Sesquicentennial Exposition"
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... | p_3108 | On 28 June 1926, the Ludington Daily News reported that Bahia would pay a visit to Philadelphia, accepting an invitation from the United States government to participate in the sesquicentennial celebrations. In mid-1930, Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul—under the command of Heráclito Belford Gomes—escorted Brazil's President-elect Júlio Prestes to the United States. Traveling on board the Brazilian-Lloyd ocean liner , Prestes was returning American then-President-elect Herbert Hoover's visit to Brazil in December 1928. The cruisers and met the three ships about off Sandy Hook and honored Prestes with a 21-gun salute. After spending five hours in the Ambrose Channel due to fog, Prestes traveled on a launch to a pier, during which Bahia rendered one 21-gun salute and Fort Jay offered two. After arriving ashore, he traveled to City Hall before speeding down to Washington, D.C. He stayed in the United States for eight days before departing for France on the White Star Line's . Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul were berthed at the Brooklyn Navy Yard for the visit.
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"text": "On 28 June 1926, the Ludington Daily News reported that ... |
Kevin Thomson (cricketer) | [
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"target": "Brechin High School"
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"target": "First-class cricket"
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"target": "I... | p_3109 | Thomson was born in Dundee, and attended Brechin High School. He made his debut for Scotland in June 1992, in a first-class game against Ireland. Later in 1992, and also in 1994, Thomson trialled with English counties, playing Second XI Championship games for Leicestershire and Durham, respectively. At the 1997 ICC Trophy in Malaysia, he played in five of Scotland's nine matches, taking six wickets. His best figures, 3/37 from eight overs, came against Papua New Guinea. Thomson was a regular for Scotland throughout the late 1990s and into the early 2000s, although he missed out on both the team's appearance at the 1999 World Cup and the 2001 ICC Trophy. His final matches for the national team came in the 2003 National Cricket League, against Derbyshire and Lancashire.
| [
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0... |
Piccadilly | [
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"target": "Reading, Berkshire"
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"target": "Colnbrook"
},
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"target": "Picca... | p_3110 | The street has been a main thoroughfare since at least medieval times, and in the Middle Ages was known as "the road to Reading" or "the way from Colnbrook". Around 1611 or 1612, a Robert Baker acquired land in the area, and prospered by making and selling piccadills. Shortly after purchasing the land, he enclosed it and erected several dwellings, including his home, Pikadilly Hall. What is now Piccadilly was named Portugal Street in 1663 after Catherine of Braganza, wife of Charles II, and grew in importance after the road from Charing Cross to Hyde Park Corner was closed to allow the creation of Green Park in 1668. Some of the most notable stately homes in London were built on the northern side of the street during this period, including Clarendon House and Burlington House in 1664. Berkeley House, constructed around the same time as Clarendon House, was destroyed by a fire in 1733 and rebuilt as Devonshire House in 1737 by William Cavendish, 3rd Duke of Devonshire. It was later used as the main headquarters for the Whig party. Burlington House has since been home to several noted societies, including the Royal Academy of Arts, the Geological Society of London, the Linnean Society, and the Royal Astronomical Society. Several members of the Rothschild family had mansions at the western end of the street. St James's Church was consecrated in 1684 and the surrounding area became St James Parish.
| [
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"text": "What is now Piccadilly was named Portugal Street in 1... |
Trinity (musician) | [
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"indices": [
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"target": "Spaghetti Western"
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263
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"target": "Sound system (Jamaican)"
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357
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... | p_3111 | Born in 1954, Brammer was educated at the Alpha Boys School. After initially working under the name Prince Glen, he began working under the stage name Trinity, taken from the spaghetti western character. After working as a deejay on several Kingston sound systems, he made his debut recording in March 1976 with "Set Up Yourself" for producer Joseph Hoo Kim. "Words of The Prophet" followed for Yabby You, who also produced his debut album, Shanty Town Determination. Late in 1976, he joined up with Dillinger for the "Crank Face" single, and the Clash album, produced by UK-based producer Clement Bushay. 1977 saw the deejay in great demand, recording more than 20 singles for a variety of producers, including Winston Riley, Tommy Cowan, Joe Gibbs, and Yabby You, his biggest hit coming with "Three Piece Suit" for Gibbs, featuring Trinity toasting over a new version of Alton Ellis's "I'm Still In Love With You" rhythm, with a lyric that anticipated the move from 'cultural' lyrics to more material/carnal concerns of the dancehall era. This prompted an answer record from Althea & Donna using the same rhythm, in the form of the UK-chart topping "Uptown Top Ranking". Trinity recorded "Slim Thing" in response, but failed to match Althea & Donna's success. 1977 also saw the release of the Uptown Girl album, produced by Bunny Lee, and strong albums in 1978 in the form of Three Piece Chicken and Chips (with Ranking Trevor) and Showcase. In 1978, Trinity also performed at the One Love Peace Concert in Kingston. In the later 1970s, Trinity began producing both himself and other artists, starting his own Flag Man label. In 1979, he recorded the duet "Funny Feeling" with Dennis Brown, and joined up with Barrington Levy for "Lose Respect" and "I Need a Girl" in 1979 and 1980 respectively. Subsequent albums met with diminishing commercial success, and Trinity switched from deejaying to singing, releasing the albums Telephone Line and Hold Your Corner in 1987 under the name Junior Brammer.
| [
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"text": "Born in 1954, Brammer was educated at the Alpha Boys School.... |
Wilhelm Knöchel | [
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"target": "Offenbach am Main"
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... | p_3112 | Wilhelm Knöchel was born into a Social Democratic working class family in Offenbach, a short distance upriver from Frankfurt. He qualified and worked as a factory machine operator ("Dreher"). In 1917 he was conscripted into the Imperial Army, shortly after which he was badly wounded. There are also references to his having worked as a mines maintenance engineer ("Grubenschlosser"). In 1919, with Germany affected by acute economic hardship and, especially in the cities, a succession of revolutionary uprisings, Knöchel joined the Social Democratic Party ("Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands" / SPD). By 1920 he had relocated in search of work to the industrially vital and internationally critical Ruhr region. Sources differ over whether it was in 1920 or 1923 that he switched to the recently created Communist Party. Between 1924 and 1930 he was a member of the party leadership team for the Dortmund region ("...des Unterbezirk Dortmund"). In 1930, following the death of his first wife, he returned to Offenbach, where it was arranged that his daughter should be brought up by relatives. Knöchel was now employed as a party official.
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"text": "In 1917 he was conscripted into the Imperial Army"
... |
Villa d'Este (Cernobbio) | [
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"target": "Roman Catholic Diocese of Como"
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"target": "Tolomeo Gallio"
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... | p_3113 | Gerardo Landriani, Bishop of Como (1437–1445), founded a female convent here at the mouth of the Garovo torrent in 1442. A century later Cardinal Tolomeo Gallio demolished the nunnery and commissioned Pellegrino Tibaldi to design a residence for his own use. The Villa del Garovo, together with its luxuriant gardens, was constructed during the years 1565–70 and during the cardinal’s lifetime it became a resort of politicians, intellectuals and ecclesiastics. On Gallio’s death the villa passed to his family who, over the years, allowed it to sink into a state of some decay. From 1749 to 1769 it was a Jesuit centre for spiritual exercises, after which it was acquired first by Count Mario Odescalchi and then in 1778 by a Count Marliani. In 1784 it passed to the Milanese Calderari family who undertook a major restoration project and created a new park all’Italiana with an impressive nymphaeum and a temple displaying a seventeenth-century statue of Hercules hurling Lichas into the sea. After the death of Marquis Calderari his wife Vittoria Peluso, a former ballerina at La Scala and known as la Pelusina, married a Napoleonic general, Count Domenico Pino and a mock fortress was erected in the park in his honour.
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"text": "In 1784 it passed to the Milanese Calderari family who un... |
Lord Claud Hamilton (1787–1808) | [
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"target": "Harrow School"
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"target": "Christ Church, Oxford"
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"indices": [
283,
... | p_3114 | The younger son of John Hamilton, 1st Marquess of Abercorn, he was evidently educated at Harrow School, where he was a lieutenant of volunteers in 1803. He matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford on 24 October 1805, but left there for Cambridge, where he was admitted as a nobleman to St John's College on 19 October 1807. In the mean time, he was elected as Member of Parliament for Dungannon at the general election in May 1807, though underage, through the patronage of his father's political ally, Thomas Knox, 1st Viscount Northland. It was intended that he should later contest County Donegal or County Tyrone, but he suffered from illness, and may not ever have taken his seat. In January 1808, he sailed for Brazil in the brig Eclipse to recover his health, but died in Madeira in June.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "51",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
58
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The younger son of John Hamilton, 1st Marquess of Aberco... |
Lambertia formosa | [
{
"indices": [
59,
71
],
"target": "Joseph Banks"
},
{
"indices": [
76,
91
],
"target": "Daniel Solander"
},
{
"indices": [
99,
120
],
"target": "James Cook"
},
{
"indices": [
134,
144
],
"target": "Botany Ba... | p_3115 | Specimens of Lambertia formosa were collected by botanists Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander during Lieutenant James Cook's landing at Botany Bay between April and May in 1770. These are thought to have been obtained from vegetation currently known as the Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub that occurs in sandy areas near present-day La Perouse. The shrub was first described in 1798 by English botanist James Edward Smith who concurrently erected the new genus Lambertia, the name honouring English botanist Aylmer Bourke Lambert. The specific name formosa is the Latin adjective for 'handsome'. English plantsman Henry Charles Andrews wrote in 1799, "Of all the plants yet introduced from New Holland, that have hitherto flowered with us, this unquestionably takes the lead for beauty, considering the plant altogether", although his countryman Joseph Knight in his 1809 work On the cultivation of the plants belonging to the natural order of Proteeae added that the species name "applies only to the flowers, the foliage being generally of a sickly hue". French botanist Michel Gandoger described specimens collected at Hornsby and Port Jackson as Lambertia proxima, and material sent to him by plant collector Charles Walter as L. barbata in 1919; these turned out to be L. formosa. Gandoger described 212 taxa of Australian plants, almost all of which turned out to be species already described.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "yes",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
144
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Specimens of Lambertia formosa were collected by botanis... |
Charles Ogston | [
{
"indices": [
55,
70
],
"target": "Kincardineshire"
},
{
"indices": [
95,
128
],
"target": "Royal Military College, Sandhurst"
},
{
"indices": [
148,
165
],
"target": "Second lieutenant"
},
{
"indices": [
173,
191
... | p_3116 | Ogston was the son of Alexander Milne Ogston of Ardoe, Kincardineshire. He was educated at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst and commissioned a second lieutenant in the Gordon Highlanders in November 1897. He served on the North-West Frontier of India from 1897 to 1898 and took part in the Tirah Campaign under Sir William Lockhart. Promoted to lieutenant on 21 July 1899, he was later the same year sent to South Africa to serve as an intelligence officer in the Second Boer War. He took part in the Relief of Kimberley (February 1900), including the Battle of Magersfontein (11 December 1899), followed by fighting in the Orange Free State from February to May 1900, including the Battle of Paardeberg (18–27 February 1900). In May 1900 he was posted to the Transvaal Republic, where he took part in the occupation of Johannesburg and Pretoria, the capital of the republic, followed by service around the occupied areas, including the Battle of Bergendal (August 1900) and fighting near Lydenburg. He was promoted to captain on 22 January 1902, and following the end of hostilities in early June 1902 left Cape Town on board the SS Orotava, arriving at Southampton the next month.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "56",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
210,
337
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He served on the North-West Frontier of India from 18... |
History of Iran | [
{
"indices": [
178,
193
],
"target": "Iranian Plateau"
},
{
"indices": [
226,
243
],
"target": "Ancient Near East"
},
{
"indices": [
249,
253
],
"target": "Elam"
},
{
"indices": [
264,
280
],
"target": "Bronz... | p_3117 | Iran is home to one of the world's oldest continuous major civilizations, with historical and urban settlements dating back to 7000 BC. The south-western and western part of the Iranian Plateau participated in the traditional Ancient Near East with Elam, from the Early Bronze Age, and later with various other peoples, such as the Kassites, Mannaeans, and Gutians. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel calls the Persians the "first Historical People". The Medes unified Iran as a nation and empire in 625 BC. The Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC), founded by Cyrus the Great, was the first true global superpower state and it ruled from the Balkans to North Africa and also Central Asia, spanning three continents, from their seat of power in Persis (Persepolis). It was the largest empire yet seen and the first world empire. The Achaemenid Empire was the only civilization in all of history to connect over 40% of the global population, accounting for approximately 49.4 million of the world's 112.4 million people in around 480 BC. They were succeeded by the Seleucid, Parthian, and Sasanian Empires, who successively governed Iran for almost 1,000 years and made Iran once again as a leading power in the world. Persia's arch-rival was the Roman Empire and its successor, the Byzantine Empire.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
255,
280
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "from the Early Bronze Age"
},
{
"indi... |
Chaim Topol | [
{
"indices": [
41,
53
],
"target": "Israel Defense Forces"
},
{
"indices": [
69,
74
],
"target": "Nahal"
},
{
"indices": [
126,
133
],
"target": "Kibbutz"
},
{
"indices": [
202,
215
],
"target": "Haifa Theatr... | p_3118 | Topol began his acting career during his Israeli army service in the Nahal entertainment troupe, and later toured Israel with kibbutz theatre and satirical theatre companies. He was a co-founder of the Haifa Theatre. His breakthrough film role came in 1964 as the title character in Sallah Shabati, by Israeli writer Ephraim Kishon, for which he won a Golden Globe for Most Promising Newcomer—Male. Topol went on to appear in more than 30 films in Israel and the United States, including Galileo (1975), Flash Gordon (1980) and For Your Eyes Only (1981). He was described as Israel's only internationally recognized entertainer from the 1960s through 1980s. He won a Golden Globe for Best Actor and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor for his 1971 film portrayal of Tevye, and was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Actor for a 1991 Broadway revival of Fiddler on the Roof.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 187,
"passage": "sallah shabati",
"start": 171,
"text": " Ephraim Kishon "
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indice... |
2014 Hong Kong protests | [
{
"indices": [
36,
50
],
"target": "Sino-British Joint Declaration"
},
{
"indices": [
92,
109
],
"target": "Handover of Hong Kong"
},
{
"indices": [
131,
160
],
"target": "Special administrative region"
},
{
"indices": [
2... | p_3119 | As a result of negotiations and the 1984 agreement between China and Britain, Hong Kong was returned to China and became its first Special Administrative Region on 1 July 1997, under the principle of "one country, two systems". Hong Kong has a different political system from mainland China. Hong Kong's independent judiciary functions under the common law framework. The Hong Kong Basic Law, the constitutional document drafted by the Chinese side before the handover based on the terms enshrined in the Joint Declaration, governs its political system, and stipulates that Hong Kong shall have a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign relations and military defence. The declaration stipulates that the region maintain its capitalist economic system and guarantees the rights and freedoms of its people for at least 50 years after the 1997 handover. The guarantees over the territory's autonomy and the individual rights and freedoms are enshrined in the Hong Kong Basic Law, which outlines the system of governance of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, but which is subject to the interpretation of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC).
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 541,
"passage": "handover of hong kong",
"start": 532,
"text": "156 years"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indice... |
Wanstead | [
{
"indices": [
44,
47
],
"target": "A12 road (England)"
},
{
"indices": [
70,
81
],
"target": "Wanstead Roman Villa"
},
{
"indices": [
90,
104
],
"target": "Wanstead Manor"
},
{
"indices": [
128,
133
],
"targ... | p_3120 | The main road going through Wanstead is the A12 and was the site of a Roman villa, whilst Wanstead Manor was a Saxon and Norman manor. It formed part of the Municipal Borough of Wanstead and Woodford in Essex from 1937 until 1965, when Greater London was created. The area has a largely suburban feel, containing open grasslands such as Wanstead Flats, and the woodland of Wanstead Park, part of Epping Forest. The park, with artificial lakes, was formerly part of the estate of a large stately home Wanstead House, built by Richard Child, 1st Earl Tylney, one of the finest Palladian mansions in Britain and the architectural inspiration for Mansion House, London. It was subsequently demolished to pay the gambling debts of a relation of the Duke of Wellington.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 147,
"passage": "wanstead house",
"start": 143,
"text": "1722"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Keith Usherwood Ingold | [
{
"indices": [
15,
37
],
"target": "Christopher Kelk Ingold"
},
{
"indices": [
42,
61
],
"target": "Hilda Ingold"
},
{
"indices": [
81,
84
],
"target": "Bachelor of Science"
},
{
"indices": [
105,
125
],
"tar... | p_3121 | He was born to Sir Christopher Ingold and Dr. Hilda Usherwood, and studied for a BSc in Chemistry at the University of London, completing his degree in 1949. He continued his higher education with a PhD in chemistry at Oxford University, which he completed in 1951. Soon after graduation he moved to Canada to begin work with the National Research Council, followed by two years of post-doctoral research at the University of British Columbia. He returned to work for the NRC in 1955 as a research officer, followed by a promotion to head of the Free Radical Chemistry Section. He was awarded the 1968 Petroleum Chemistry Award, the 1988 Linus Pauling Award, and both the Davy Medal and Royal Medal of the Royal Society, the latter for "elucidating the mechanism of reactions involving free radicals". In 1995 he was made an officer of the Order of Canada. He has received honorary degrees from the universities of Guelph, Mount Allison, St Andrews, Carleton, McMaster and Dalhousie.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
158,
265
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He continued his higher education with a PhD in chemistry... |
Iannis Xenakis | [
{
"indices": [
68,
74
],
"target": "Athens"
},
{
"indices": [
112,
151
],
"target": "National Technical University of Athens"
},
{
"indices": [
237,
244
],
"target": "Harmony"
},
{
"indices": [
249,
261
],
"t... | p_3122 | In 1938, after graduating from the Spetses school, Xenakis moved to Athens to prepare for entrance exams at the National Technical University of Athens. Although he intended to study architecture and engineering, he also took lessons in harmony and counterpoint with Aristotelis Koundouroff. In 1940 he successfully passed the exams, but his studies were cut short by the Greco-Italian War, which began with the Italian invasion on 28 October 1940. Although Greece eventually won the war, it was not long before the German army joined the Italians in the Battle of Greece, in April 1941. This led to the Axis occupation of Greece during World War II, which lasted until late 1944, when the Allies began their drive across Europe, forcing the Axis forces to withdraw. Xenakis joined the National Liberation Front early during the war, participating in mass protests and demonstrations, and later becoming part of armed resistance—this last step was a painful experience Xenakis refused to discuss until much later in life. After the Axis forces left, Churchill ordered that British forces step in to help restore the Greek monarchy; they were opposed by the Democratic Army of Greece, and the country plunged into a civil war. In December 1944, during the period of Churchill's martial law, Xenakis (who was by then a member of the communist students' company of the left-wing Lord Byron faction of ELAS) became involved in street fighting against British tanks. He was wounded and facially disfigured when shrapnel from a tank blast hit his cheek and left eye, which was blinded; that Xenakis survived the injury has been described as a miracle.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
74
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1938, after graduating from the Spetses school, Xenakis m... |
Bryan Cranston | [
{
"indices": [
128,
147
],
"target": "San Fernando Valley"
},
{
"indices": [
373,
394
],
"target": "Universal Life Church"
},
{
"indices": [
804,
810
],
"target": "Loving (TV series)"
},
{
"indices": [
906,
921
]... | p_3123 | After college, Cranston began his acting career in local and regional theaters, getting his start at the Granada Theater in the San Fernando Valley. He had previously performed as a youth, but his show business parents had mixed feelings about their son being involved in the profession, so he did not continue until years later. Cranston was ordained as a minister by the Universal Life Church, and performed weddings for $150 a service to help with his income. He also worked as a waiter, night-shift security guard at the gates of a private LA community, truck loader, camera operator for a video dating service, and CCTV security guard at a supermarket. He started working regularly in the late 1980s, mostly doing minor roles and advertisements. He was an original cast member of the ABC soap opera Loving, where he played Douglas Donovan from 1983 to 1985. Cranston starred in the short-lived series Raising Miranda in 1988. Cranston's voice acting includes English dubbing of Japanese anime (for which he primarily used the non-union pseudonym Lee Stone), including Macross Plus and Armitage III: Poly-Matrix, and most notably, as Fei-Long, and the children's series Mighty Morphin Power Rangers. Cranston did voice work for the 1993-94 first season of that series, playing characters such as Twin Man and Snizzard, for which he was paid about $50 an hour for two or three hours of daily work. The Blue Power Ranger, Billy Cranston, was named for him.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
1402,
1458
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The Blue Power Ranger, Billy Cranston, was named for hi... |
Theo Pijper | [
{
"indices": [
8,
14
],
"target": "Dokkum"
},
{
"indices": [
16,
27
],
"target": "Netherlands"
},
{
"indices": [
204,
222
],
"target": "Edinburgh Monarchs"
},
{
"indices": [
284,
298
],
"target": "Premier Lea... | p_3124 | Born in Dokkum, Netherlands, Pijper first rode a motorbike at the age of five. He was a successful long track rider before starting his speedway career. He made his debut in British speedway in 2002 with Edinburgh Monarchs, staying with the team until 2007 in a spell that included a Premier League title in 2003. In 2004 he won the European Grasstrack Championship at Eenrum. In 2007 he moved up to the Elite League with Wolverhampton Wolves, but after losing his place in the team returned to the Monarchs for a short spell, later moving to Berwick Bandits. He lost his team place once again, but later that season won the European Grasstrack Championship for a second time. He joined Elite League team Swindon Robins in 2008, but lost his place in June, going on to a spell with Mildenhall Fen Tigers in the Premier League. He returned to British speedway in 2011 with Glasgow Tigers, with whom he won the Premier League in both 2011 and 2012, and also signed with Elite League Birmingham Brummies as their number eight. In 2012 he returned to the Edinburgh Monarchs team, and was part of the 2013 Premier League Four-Team Championship winning team. In 2018 he signed to ride for the Redcar Bears
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
375,
443
],
"passage": "main",
"text": ". In 2007 he moved up to the Elite League with Wolverhamp... |
Nicky Winmar | [
{
"indices": [
14,
22
],
"target": "Pingelly, Western Australia"
},
{
"indices": [
30,
39
],
"target": "Wheatbelt (Western Australia)"
},
{
"indices": [
98,
113
],
"target": "South Fremantle Football Club"
},
{
"indices": [
... | p_3125 | Growing up in Pingelly in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, Winmar began his career with South Fremantle, playing 58 games at the club before being recruited prior to the 1987 season by St Kilda. In a twelve-season career with St Kilda, Winmar won the club's best and fairest award, the Trevor Barker Award, in 1989 and 1995 and was also twice named in the All-Australian team. He left St Kilda at the end of the 1998 season and was drafted by the Western Bulldogs, playing one further season in the AFL before retiring at the end of the 1999 season. Having represented Western Australia in eight interstate matches, Winmar was named in St Kilda's in 2003 and was inducted into the West Australian Football Hall of Fame in 2009. An Indigenous Australian, he was the first Aboriginal footballer to play 200 games in the AFL and was named in the Indigenous Team of the Century in 2005. He was involved in several incidents of racial vilification during his career and a photograph of Winmar responding to one such incident during the 1993 season has been described as one of the most memorable images in Australian sporting history.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 1683,
"passage": "pingelly, western australia",
"start": 1663,
"text": "over 1,100 residents"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
... |
Bombay Presidency | [
{
"indices": [
72,
80
],
"target": "Fee tail"
},
{
"indices": [
88,
106
],
"target": "East India Company"
},
{
"indices": [
112,
125
],
"target": "Royal Charter of 27 March 1668"
},
{
"indices": [
135,
150
],
... | p_3126 | The Bombay Presidency was created when the city of Bombay was leased in fee tail to the East India Company by a Royal Charter from the King of England, Charles II, who had in turn acquired it on May 11, 1661, when his marriage treaty with Catherine of Braganza, daughter of King John IV of Portugal, placed the islands of Bombay in possession of the English Empire, as part of Catherine's dowry to Charles. The English East India Company transferred its Western India headquarters from Surat, its first colony in that region, to Bombay in 1687. The Presidency was brought under British Parliament control along with other parts of British India through Pitt's India Act. Major territorial acquisitions were made during the Anglo-Maratha Wars when the whole of the Peshwa's dominions and much of the Gaekwad's sphere of influence were annexed to the Bombay Presidency in different stages till 1818. Aden was annexed in 1839, while Sind was annexed by the Company in 1843 after defeating the Talpur dynasty in the Battle of Hyderabad and it was made a part of the Bombay Presidency.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "7",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
107,
260
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "by a Royal Charter from the King of England, Charles I... |
Jeff Williams (cyclist) | [
{
"indices": [
31,
72
],
"target": "British National Hill Climb Championships"
},
{
"indices": [
415,
440
],
"target": "Manchester Wheelers' Club"
},
{
"indices": [
669,
702
],
"target": "British National Hill Climb Championships"
},
... | p_3127 | In 1979 Williams won his first British National Hill Climb Championships setting a new course record that still stands to this day. A rival, Andy Hitchens, who remembers it well, said: "Williams looked like he'd been on starvation rations for months — he was built like a sparrow. Some people assume that there was a howling tailwind that day, but there wasn't. It was sunny, but cool.” In 1980 Williams joined the Manchester Wheelers' Club and was expected to win International honours during the next two or three seasons. Later that year he won his first stage in the Sealink International finishing four minutes clear. However Williams was left disappointed in the National Hill Climb Championships that year beaten into second place by Malcolm Elliott by only one fifth of a second after being knocked off his bike whilst warming up and receiving a broken nose and severe bruising. At the age of 21 Williams competed for Great Britain in the individual road race at the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games. He was sponsored by Harry Hall Cycles. Williams finished 47th, alongside Stephen Roche. At the end of the 1980 season Williams publicly declared his intention of living and racing in France for the 1981 racing calendar with a view to turning professional therefore joining the French club ACBB (Athletic Club de Boulogne Billencourt), Europe’s most successful sports club.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
72
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1979 Williams won his first British National Hill Climb C... |
Easton, Pennsylvania | [
{
"indices": [
47,
59
],
"target": "Lehigh River"
},
{
"indices": [
305,
319
],
"target": "Pennsylvania Canal (Delaware Division)"
},
{
"indices": [
360,
372
],
"target": "Lehigh Canal"
},
{
"indices": [
524,
530
... | p_3128 | Sited at the confluence of the rapidly flowing Lehigh River's waters with the more stately waters of the deeper wider Delaware, Easton became a major commercial center during the canal and railroad periods of the 19th century, when it would become a transportation hub for the eastern steel industry. The Delaware Canal, was quickly built soon after the lower Lehigh Canal (1818) became effective in regularly and reliably delivering much needed anthracite coal, into more settled lands along the rivers. And eventually the Morris would also serve to connect the rapidly developing Coal Regions to the north and west, to the fuel starved iron works to the west, the commercial port of Philadelphia to the south, and to the many home owners seeking fuel for heat within Pennsylvania, Maryland, New Jersey, Delaware and New York. Seeing other ways of exploiting the new fuel source, other entrepreneurs quickly moved to connect across the Delaware River reaching into the New York City area to the east via a connection with the Morris Canal in Phillipsburg, New Jersey, so the town became a canal nexus or hub from which the Coal from Mauch Chunk reached the world. The early railroads were often built to parallel and speed shipping along transportation corridors, and by the late 1860s the Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad (LH&S) and Lehigh Valley Railroad (LVRR) were built to augment the bulk traffic through the canals and provide lucrative passenger travel services. The LVRR, known as 'the Black Diamond Line' would boast the twice daily "Black Diamond Express" daily passenger trains to and from New York City and Buffalo, New York via Easton. The Central Railroad of New Jersey (CNJ), would lease and operate the LH&S tracks from the 1870s until the Conrail consolidations absorbed both the Central Railroad of New Jersey and Lehigh Valley Railroad in 1966. Today, the Lehigh Valley Railroad's main line is the only major rail line that goes through Easton and is now known as the Lehigh Line; the Lehigh Line was bought by the Norfolk Southern Railway in 1999.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
13,
126
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "confluence of the rapidly flowing Lehigh River's waters wi... |
Kyoto | [
{
"indices": [
40,
48
],
"target": "Buddhism"
},
{
"indices": [
65,
79
],
"target": "Shinto shrine"
},
{
"indices": [
227,
240
],
"target": "Kiyomizu-dera"
},
{
"indices": [
320,
330
],
"target": "Kinkaku-ji"... | p_3129 | With its 2,000 religious places – 1,600 Buddhist temples and 400 Shinto shrines, as well as palaces, gardens and architecture intact – it is one of the best preserved cities in Japan. Among the most famous temples in Japan are Kiyomizu-dera, a magnificent wooden temple supported by pillars off the slope of a mountain; Kinkaku-ji, the Temple of the Golden Pavilion; Ginkaku-ji, the Temple of the Silver Pavilion; and Ryōan-ji, famous for its rock garden. The Heian Jingū is a Shinto shrine, built in 1895, celebrating the Imperial family and commemorating the first and last emperors to reside in Kyoto. Three special sites have connections to the imperial family: the Kyoto Gyoen area including the Kyoto Imperial Palace and Sentō Imperial Palace, homes of the Emperors of Japan for many centuries; Katsura Imperial Villa, one of the nation's finest architectural treasures; and Shugaku-in Imperial Villa, one of its best Japanese gardens. In addition, the temple of Sennyu-ji houses the tombs of the emperors from Shijō to Kōmei.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 50,
"passage": "question",
"start": 37,
"text": "Kiyomizu-dera"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Colorado Rockies | [
{
"indices": [
33,
53
],
"target": "Denver Zephyrs"
},
{
"indices": [
54,
75
],
"target": "Minor League Baseball"
},
{
"indices": [
140,
162
],
"target": "Pittsburgh drug trials"
},
{
"indices": [
213,
231
],
... | p_3130 | Denver had long been a hotbed of Denver Bears/Zephyrs minor league baseball and many in the area desired a Major League team. Following the Pittsburgh drug trials, an unsuccessful attempt was made to purchase the Pittsburgh Pirates and relocate them. However, in 1991, as part of Major League Baseball's two-team expansion (along with the Florida (now Miami) Marlins), an ownership group representing Denver led by John Antonucci and Michael I. Monus was granted a franchise; they took the name "Rockies" due to Denver's proximity to the Rocky Mountains, which is reflected in their logo; the name was previously used by the city's first NHL team (who are now the New Jersey Devils). Monus and Antonucci were forced to drop out in 1992 after Monus' reputation was ruined by an accounting scandal. Trucking magnate Jerry McMorris stepped in at the 11th hour to save the franchise, allowing the team to begin play in 1993. The Rockies shared Mile High Stadium (which had originally been built for the Bears) with the National Football League (NFL)'s Denver Broncos for their first two seasons while Coors Field was constructed. It was completed for the 1995 Major League Baseball season.
| [
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"text": "Following the Pittsburgh drug trials, an unsuccessfu... |
Norman Surplus | [
{
"indices": [
32,
46
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"target": "People of Northern Ireland"
},
{
"indices": [
116,
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"target": "Autogyro"
},
{
"indices": [
255,
261
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"target": "Europe"
},
{
"indices": [
267,
278
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"target": "Mid... | p_3131 | Norman Surplus (born 1963) is a Northern Irish pilot, who became the first person to circumnavigate the globe in an autogyro, nicknamed "Roxy". His trip began in 2010 and ended on 28 June 2019. In 2010, during the first leg of his trip, Surplus flew over Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and North America. In June 2015, Surplus commenced the second leg of his journey by flying through the United States and crossing the Atlantic Ocean to eventually land in Larne, Northern Ireland in August 2015, becoming the first person to cross the Atlantic in an autogyro. In 2019, he completed the last leg of his journey when he finally obtained permission from the Russian Federation to fly through its airspace. He left Ireland on Easter Monday in 2019, and flew through Russia to eventually reach the United States and land at the Evergreen Aviation and Space Museum in Oregon completing his circumnavigation of the globe in an autogyro. Surplus's AutoGyro MT-03 is currently displayed at the EAA Aviation Museum and will remain there for the duration of AirVenture 2020. Surplus took nine years to complete his journey around the world, and flew over 32 countries, over a total distance of . In a 2015 interview with the CBC, while on a stopover at Iqaluit, Canada, Surplus mentioned that the trip should have taken approximately four months but the problems with obtaining permission to fly over Russia, which persisted for three years, derailed his plans.
| [
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{
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704,
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"text": "He left Ireland on Easter Monday in 2019, and flew throug... |
Melchior van Santvoort | [
{
"indices": [
67,
76
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"target": "Rotterdam"
},
{
"indices": [
117,
156
],
"target": "Sebald de Weert"
},
{
"indices": [
186,
205
],
"target": "Strait of Magellan"
},
{
"indices": [
253,
257
],
"target": "H... | p_3132 | De Liefde (the Love, sometimes translated as the Charity) departed Rotterdam in 1598, on a trading voyage that was a five ship expedition to the East Indies. After making it through the Straits of Magellan, they became separated, but later rejoined the Hoop (Hope) off the coast of Chile, where some of the crew and captains of both vessels lost their lives in an encounter with natives. They decide to leave hostile Spanish waters and sell their woolen cloth cargo in Japan rather than in the warmer Moluccas. The two ships encountered a storm and Hoop was lost. With a decimated and sick crew (only 24 were still alive, and several were dying) the damaged De Liefde made landfall off Bungo (present-day Usuki) on the coast of Kyūshū in April 1600. Portuguese Jesuit missionary priests claimed that the ship was a pirate vessel and that the crew should be executed. The ship was seized on orders of Tokugawa Ieyasu, the daimyō of Edo (Tokyo) and the future shōgun, and later the crew was ordered to sail her to Sakai (near Osaka) and then on to Edo. Some of them were received by Tokugawa Ieyasu, who questioned them at length on European politics, wars and foreign affairs. The crew eventually went separate ways when some decided they should split the money provided as compensation for their losses of the ship and cargo. The nineteen bronze cannons were unloaded from the ship and, according to Spanish accounts, later used at the decisive Battle of Sekigahara on October 21, 1600 (between Tokogawa forces and their rivals).
| [
{
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{
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"passage": "strait of magellan",
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"text": "Chile"
}
],
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{
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... |
Samson and Delilah (opera) | [
{
"indices": [
4,
22
],
"target": "Metropolitan Opera"
},
{
"indices": [
70,
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"target": "Margaret Matzenauer"
},
{
"indices": [
102,
115
],
"target": "Enrico Caruso"
},
{
"indices": [
131,
145
],
"target... | p_3133 | The Metropolitan Opera revived the opera in its 1915/1916 season with Margaret Matzenauer as Delilah, Enrico Caruso as Samson, and Pasquale Amato as the High Priest. Since then the company has staged productions of the opera at least once every decade giving more than 200 performances of the work. Plácido Domingo performed as Samson in the 1981 San Francisco Opera production co-starring Shirley Verrett, under Julius Rudel and at the Metropolitan Opera's 1998 production with Olga Borodina. More recent productions of the opera by the Metropolitan have been in 2006, with Marina Domashenko and Olga Borodina alternating as Delilah, and in 2018 with Elīna Garanča and Roberto Alagna. The Lyric Opera of Chicago gave their first performance of the opera in November 1962 with Rita Gorr as Delilah and as Samson. The company has revived the work numerous times since then, most recently in their 2003/2004 season with Olga Borodina as Dalila and José Cura as Samson. Likewise, the San Francisco Opera has staged the opera 10 times during its history giving its first performance in 1925, with Marguerite d'Alvarez and Fernand Ansseau in the principal roles, and its most recent performance in 2008, with Borodina and Clifton Forbis.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 121,
"passage": "metropolitan opera",
"start": 111,
"text": " New York "
}
],
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"context": [
{
"indices"... |
TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs (2012) | [
{
"indices": [
58,
70
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"target": "WWE Championship"
},
{
"indices": [
71,
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"target": "CM Punk"
},
{
"indices": [
83,
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],
"target": "Ryback"
},
{
"indices": [
123,
139
],
"target": "Hell in a Cell (20... | p_3134 | The major rivalry going into TLC was between the reigning WWE Champion CM Punk and Ryback. Having been denied the title at Hell in the Cell by 'rogue official' Brad Maddox, Ryback along with John Cena competed in a triple threat match for Punk's title at Survivor Series. However, Punk was able to retain the title again when the debuting trio of Dean Ambrose, Seth Rollins, and Roman Reigns interfered and powerbombed Ryback through a table as he was closing in on victory. The trio followed this up by putting Ryback through a table once again the next night on Raw, and, calling themselves The Shield, continued to attack a myriad of superstars over the following weeks including repeated assaults on the WWE Tag Team Champions, Team Hell No, who vowed to put aside the personal differences which had marred their title reign and become united as a result. Having been denied the chance to win the WWE Championship at Survivor Series, Ryback was granted another opportunity at the title in a Tables, Ladders, and Chairs match against Punk. However, the following week during a brawl involving The Shield, Team Hell No and The Miz, Ryback assaulted Punk with a chair and a ladder before powerbombing him through a table. The next day, Punk underwent surgery for a (legit) knee injury, and so was removed from the card. Instead, Ryback would team with Team Hell No against Ambrose, Rollins and Reigns in a six-man tag team TLC match. This match (which was announced via a press release by WWE chairman Vince McMahon) differed from standard TLC matches as it would be decided via pinfall or submission. However, the original TLC match between CM Punk and Ryback was rescheduled to took place on the first Raw of 2013.
| [
{
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"text": "$1.1 billion"
}
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{
"indices... |
1940 Louisiana hurricane | [
{
"indices": [
20,
33
],
"target": "Extratropical cyclone"
},
{
"indices": [
34,
40
],
"target": "Trough (meteorology)"
},
{
"indices": [
64,
78
],
"target": "South Carolina"
},
{
"indices": [
83,
90
],
"targ... | p_3135 | In early August, an extratropical trough moved off the coast of South Carolina and Georgia, with a stationary front extending from it. A weak low-pressure area began to develop at the southern end of the front just offshore of Jacksonville, Florida. Initially, the storm had an open center of circulation and remained a frontal low as it moved southwestward across Florida, and thus was not considered a fully tropical system at the time. Upon entering the Gulf of Mexico, however, observations indicated that the disturbance developed a closed center of circulation. As a result, the storm was analyzed to have developed into a tropical depression off the western coast of Florida at 1200 UTC on August 3. At the time, weather reports revealed a definite cyclonic rotation, though the depression had a shallow minimum barometric pressure of 1012.5 mbar (hPa; 29.90 inHg). Moving west-southwest, the depression steadily intensified and attained tropical storm intensity at 0000 UTC on August 4. Late that evening, the tropical storm executed a slight northward curve. Strengthening continued into the following day, and ships in the storm's vicinity began to report a much stronger storm than was previously suggested. A ship reported the first gale-force winds associated with the storm at 2100 UTC on August 4. The S.S. Connecticut observed force 11 winds, the strongest wind measurement associated with the storm as recorded by vessel. A minimum pressure of 995 mbar (hPa; 29.39 inHg) was analyzed for the system at 0600 UTC on August 5 based on an observation from a nearby ship.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
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"start": 4911,
"text": " gusts of at least 69 knots "
}
],
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{
... |
1874 transit of Venus | [
{
"indices": [
19,
34
],
"target": "Pietro Tacchini"
},
{
"indices": [
143,
150
],
"target": "Roorkee"
},
{
"indices": [
156,
169
],
"target": "Visakhapatnam"
},
{
"indices": [
193,
210
],
"target": "Hugo von... | p_3136 | Italian astronomer Pietro Tacchini led an expedition to Muddapur, India. Other locations in India from where the transit was observed included Roorkee, and Visakhapatnam. The German astronomer Hugo von Seeliger directed an expedition that travelled to the Auckland Islands (subantarctic New Zealand islands). German astronomers also travelled to Isfahan in Persia, and to Kerguelen. The Dutch astronomer Jean Abraham Chrétien Oudemans made observations from Réunion, and observations were also made from various points in the Dutch East Indies. Austrian astronomers made observations from Jassy, in what is now Romania. The Russian astronomer Otto Wilhelm von Struve organised expeditions to make observations in eastern Asia, the Caucasus, Persia and Egypt. Two Mexican expeditions travelled to Yokohama in Japan.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "2",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
71
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Italian astronomer Pietro Tacchini led an expedition to M... |
Yahya Kemal College | [
{
"indices": [
60,
66
],
"target": "Skopje"
},
{
"indices": [
68,
77
],
"target": "North Macedonia"
},
{
"indices": [
151,
158
],
"target": "Turkish people"
},
{
"indices": [
175,
194
],
"target": "Yahya Kema... | p_3137 | The Yahya Kemal College is the first private high school in Skopje, Macedonia. The high school was established in 1996 and bears the name of the great Turkish writer and poet Yahya Kemal Beyatlı, who was born in Skopje in 1884 and was one of the most eminent figures in Turkish literature. Shortly after the inauguration the school obtained the interest and appreciation of Macedonian people, because of the achievements and awards it gathered. The Turkish College, as it is popularly known, offers education at primary and high school level and is bestowed with the title of 'first and biggest private educational institution' in Macedonia. The number of enrolled students increases for few times each year. The college has six branches: in Avtokomanda (established 1996), Gostivar (established 1999), Struga (established 2002), Butel (established 2007), Strumica (established 2010), and Bogovinje, Tetovo (established 2011).
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 3880,
"passage": "yahya kemal beyatlı",
"start": 3690,
"text": "Proses:\n- Aziz İstanbul (1964)\n- Eğil Dağlar (1966)\n- Siyasi Hikayeler (1968)\n- Siyasi ve Edebi Portreler (1968)\n- Edebiyata Dair (1971)\n- Tarih Mü... |
Rob Terry | [
{
"indices": [
92,
115
],
"target": "TNA Television Championship"
},
{
"indices": [
294,
305
],
"target": "Amazing Red"
},
{
"indices": [
669,
673
],
"target": "Face (professional wrestling)"
},
{
"indices": [
789,
8... | p_3138 | On 27 January 2010, Terry defeated Eric Young at a house show in Cardiff, Wales, to win the TNA Global Championship. Terry's win also made him the first Welshman to hold a championship in a major wrestling organisation. On the following night's edition of Impact! the British Invasion attacked Amazing Red, but as Terry went to cash in his "Feast or Fired" contract he was ordered by Magnus to hand it over to Williams, who then instead faced Red and quickly defeated him for the X Division Championship. On the edition of 18 February of Impact! Terry finally grew tired of Magnus' abuse and attacked him, thus ending his alliance with the British Invasion and turning face. On the edition of 25 February of Impact! Terry made his first Global Championship title defence, when he defeated Mr. Anderson, after interference from Kurt Angle. Since then, Terry went on to defend the Global Championship in quick squash matches against his former British Invasion team-mate Doug Williams, as well as Magnus at Destination X. The very next day on Impact!, Terry again successfully defended the championship, squashing Tomko in a mere 65 seconds. On the edition of 5 April of Impact! Terry adopted the nickname "The Freak". On the edition of 19 April of Impact! Terry joined Team Hogan and teamed with Abyss, Jeff Jarrett and Samoa Joe to defeat Team Flair (Sting, Desmond Wolfe, Robert Roode and James Storm) in an eight-man tag team match. During this time, Terry was being built as an unstoppable monster and was asked and agreed to take an unprotected chair shot to the head during a match with Homicide. Several wrestling news outlets reported on the incident, which caused Terry to legitimately bleed heavily from the top of his head. Dave Meltzer of The Wrestling Observer Online called it "completely disgusting and unnecessary." Later, he started a feud with newcomer Orlando Jordan. After weeks of stalking Terry, Jordan debuted his new interview segment, "The O-Zone" on the edition of 3 May of Impact!, attacking Terry during the segment and beginning a feud. On the next edition of Impact! Jordan attacked Terry with a lead pipe as Terry was preparing to defend his title against Abyss. At Sacrifice Terry defeated Jordan to retain the Global Championship. On 20 June, Terry became the longest reigning Global Champion in history, beating Booker T's reign of 143 days as champion. On 13 July at the tapings of the edition of 22 July of Impact!, Terry lost the Global Championship to A.J. Styles, ending his reign at 167 days. Terry received a rematch for the title, now renamed the TNA Television Championship, on the edition of 5 August of Impact!, but was defeated by Styles after a low blow.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
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"text": "three"
}
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"context": [
{
"in... |
Teodors Spāde | [
{
"indices": [
44,
53
],
"target": "Ventspils"
},
{
"indices": [
72,
86
],
"target": "Russian Empire"
},
{
"indices": [
144,
170
],
"target": "Riga Technical University"
},
{
"indices": [
239,
251
],
"target"... | p_3139 | Spāde was born into a fisherman's family in Ventspils, then part of the Russian Empire, in 1891. He was trained as a mechanical engineer at the Riga Polytechnic Institute, which he graduated in 1914. He was drafted in the Imperial Russian Baltic Fleet at the outset of World War I. He advanced from a position of michman to that of a torpedo boat commander and ended up as a commanding officer at the Black Sea Navy Brigade Headquarters in Batumi, where he married a Georgian woman in 1917. After the fall of the Russian Empire, he joined the navy of the People's Republic of Ukraine in early 1918 and, following a peace treaty between Ukraine and the Central Powers, pledged his loyalty to the Democratic Republic of Georgia. In Georgian service Spāde commanded a detachment of cutters in Batumi. In June 1918, the Ottoman troops took control of Batumi and made the town's garrison, including Spāde, captive. Released in October 1918, Spāde joined the ranks of the Armed Forces of South Russia, a White party to the Russian Civil War. He was promoted to Senior Lieutenant and put in charge of the Sevastopol port. In March 1920, Spāde, together with the defeated White forces, was evacuated to Constantinople, where he accepted Latvian citizenship and returned to Latvia with his wife.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
95
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Spāde was born into a fisherman's family in Ventspils, then ... |
John Doherty (pitcher) | [
{
"indices": [
90,
104
],
"target": "Detroit Tigers"
},
{
"indices": [
112,
144
],
"target": "1989 Major League Baseball draft"
},
{
"indices": [
152,
179
],
"target": "Concordia College (New York)"
},
{
"indices": [
279,
... | p_3140 | A 1985 graduate of Eastchester High School in Eastchester NY, Doherty was selected by the Detroit Tigers in the 1989 Major League Baseball draft out of Concordia College, New York. He reached the majors in 1992 with the Tigers, spending four years with them before moving to the Boston Red Sox (1996). In his rookie year, he went 7–4 with a 3.88 ERA and 11 starts. His most productive season came in 1993, when he recorded 14 wins with 63 strikeouts and three complete games in 184⅔ innings – all career-numbers. After a subpar 1994 season, he was relegated to the bullpen. He also made three relief appearances for Boston in 1996, his last major league season.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
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"passage": "concordia college (new york)",
"start": 4627,
"text": "1,037 students"
}
],
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},
"context": [
{
... |
Jimmy Seed | [
{
"indices": [
111,
128
],
"target": "Durham Challenge Cup"
},
{
"indices": [
222,
233
],
"target": "World War I"
},
{
"indices": [
293,
311
],
"target": "Army Cyclist Corps"
},
{
"indices": [
354,
360
],
"ta... | p_3141 | Seed spent the 1914–15 season playing in Sunderland reserves, he scored plenty of goals as the team lifted the Durham Senior Cup. Official League football was suspended at the end of that season because of the outbreak of World War I. At the end of the season, the 20-year-old Seed joined the Army Cyclist Corps. In the summer of 1916, he was drafted to France with the 8th battalion of the West Yorkshire Regiment. Seed suffered with depression after his arrival and in July 1917, he was gassed when a German aeroplane dropped mustard gas bombs on a house in Nieuwpoort, Belgium, in which he was sleeping. He returned to England to convalesce and returned to France in August 1918, until being evacuated after being gassed in Valenciennes, France two months later. With the cessation of hostilities, Seed played a Victory League match for Sunderland against Durham City in 1918, however his lungs were weak and he had a poor game. On the strength of that performance the Sunderland directors decided that Seed's wartime experience had finished him as a footballer and gave him a free transfer. Seed never played an official first team game for Sunderland. Seed was discharged from the army in March 1919.
| [
{
"answer": {
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
316,
414
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "the summer of 1916, he was drafted to France with the 8th... |
Allan MacDonald (Australian politician) | [
{
"indices": [
48,
65
],
"target": "Nationalist Party (Australia)"
},
{
"indices": [
158,
164
],
"target": "Australian Senate"
},
{
"indices": [
172,
185
],
"target": "1934 Australian federal election"
},
{
"indices": [
20... | p_3142 | MacDonald was involved in raising funds for the Nationalist Party from 1925 and by 1930 was its general secretary in Western Australia. He was elected to the Senate at the 1934 election, representing the United Australia Party, although he took his seat early in March 1935, filling a casual vacancy. He was minister without portfolio assisting the Minister for Commerce from November 1937 to November 1938 and then assisting the Treasurer until April 1939. Due to his support for Billy Hughes for the leadership after the death of Joseph Lyons, MacDonald was left out of Robert Menzies' ministries. He lost his seat at the September 1946 election, with his term finishing in June 1947. He failed to get Liberal Party endorsement for the December 1949 election.
| [
{
"answer": {
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
136,
226
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He was elected to the Senate at the 1934 election, repres... |
Robert Evans (wrestler) | [
{
"indices": [
44,
57
],
"target": "Ring of Honor"
},
{
"indices": [
230,
239
],
"target": "Ring name"
},
{
"indices": [
241,
250
],
"target": "Barrister"
},
{
"indices": [
297,
320
],
"target": "Ring of Hono... | p_3143 | On March 27, 2010, Evans made his debut for Ring of Honor (ROH), working in a dark match, where he, David E. Jones and Ryan Stone were defeated by Johnny Goodtime, Johnny Yuma and Mike Sydal. On January 22, 2011, Evans, under the ring name "Barrister" R.D. Evans, made his television debut at the Ring of Honor Wrestling tapings, where he was unveiled as one of the new members of Prince Nana's The Embassy stable. Though he has not wrestled a single match for ROH since his dark match, Evans has been a part of several storylines involving The Embassy, including filing a lawsuit against Homicide, accusing him of attempted murder, assault and battery, attempted sexual assault and battery, sexual harassment and intentional infliction of emotional distress, and making various business deals for the stable, including one that resulted in its name being changed to The Embassy Limited, all with a goal of making Tommaso Ciampa a champion. However, after Prince Nana struck a deal with Truth Martini and cost Ciampa his match for the ROH World Television Championship against House of Truth member Roderick Strong, Ciampa turned on Nana at the June 29 tapings of Ring of Honor Wrestling, dissolving The Embassy Limited and making Evans his new primary manager. Evans continued managing Ciampa until August, when Ciampa was sidelined with a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
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"text": "February 23, 2002"
}
],
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},
"context": [
{
"indi... |
Michael J. Smith (astronaut) | [
{
"indices": [
34,
58
],
"target": "Beaufort, North Carolina"
},
{
"indices": [
138,
157
],
"target": "Bachelor of Science"
},
{
"indices": [
191,
218
],
"target": "United States Naval Academy"
},
{
"indices": [
262,
... | p_3144 | Smith was born April 30, 1945, in Beaufort, North Carolina. He graduated from East Carteret High School in 1963, and went on to receive a Bachelor of Science degree in Naval Science from the United States Naval Academy in 1967. He subsequently attended the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School at Monterey, California, from which he graduated with a Master of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering in 1968. He completed naval aviation jet training at Naval Air Station Kingsville, Texas, receiving his aviator wings in May 1969. He was then assigned to the Advanced Jet Training Command (VT-21) where he served as an instructor from May 1969 to March 1971. During the 2-year period that followed, he flew A-6 Intruders and completed a tour in 1972 during the Vietnam War while assigned to Attack Squadron 52 (VA-52) aboard the aircraft carrier . During his deployment with VA-52, Smith took part in Operation Linebacker, the first continuous bombing effort conducted against North Vietnam since 1968.
| [
{
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
59
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Smith was born April 30, 1945, in Beaufort, North Carolina."... |
Embrace (English band) | [
{
"indices": [
41,
62
],
"target": "Independiente (record label)"
},
{
"indices": [
92,
106
],
"target": "Out of Nothing"
},
{
"indices": [
204,
211
],
"target": "Gravity (Embrace song)"
},
{
"indices": [
251,
263
... | p_3145 | They were signed by Andy McDonald to his Independiente Records label and released the album Out of Nothing, which reached number one in the UK in 2004. The 'comeback' single that preceded this album was "Gravity", which had been written by Coldplay's Chris Martin. Danny McNamara and Martin had become friends after Coldplay had supported Embrace in 2000 in Blackpool. The single was a hit, charting at number seven in the UK Singles Chart. Coldplay have since recorded "Gravity" as a B-side for their single "Talk". In 2004, Radio 1's Live Lounge, Embrace recorded a version of the D12 rap song "How Come". In October 2005, the band released their first compilation, called . It features 18 tracks from singles and EPs across their entire career, including a version of "Blind", an early live favourite which was omitted from their debut album The Good Will Out, as was their Otis Redding-influenced "The Way I Do".
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 88,
"passage": "independiente (record label)",
"start": 84,
"text": "1997"
}
],
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"context": [
{
"indice... |
2012–13 Brentford F.C. season | [
{
"indices": [
75,
82
],
"target": "Walsall F.C."
},
{
"indices": [
90,
100
],
"target": "EFL Cup"
},
{
"indices": [
288,
305
],
"target": "Huddersfield Town A.F.C."
},
{
"indices": [
313,
326
],
"target": "J... | p_3146 | Brentford began the season with a disappointing 1–0 defeat at the hands of Walsall in the League Cup first round and hovered around mid-table in League One before coming into form in late October 2012. Summer forward signing Paul Hayes failed to produce regular goals and was replaced by Huddersfield Town loanee Jimmy Spencer, who in turn was replaced by Marcello Trotta and the Italian would remain with the Bees for the duration of the season on loan from West London rivals Fulham. Inspired by the form of attacking midfielder Harry Forrester, an unbeaten run of 9 wins and four draws in 13 matches between 23 October 2012 and 21 January 2013 firmly established the Bees as challengers for automatic promotion, rising as high as 2nd position in the table. Headway was also made in the FA Cup during the same period, with victories over Boreham Wood, Bradford City and Southend United setting up a fourth round tie versus West London neighbours Chelsea at Griffin Park on 27 January. In a match televised on ITV, Brentford twice took the lead through a quick-reaction Marcello Trotta finish and a Harry Forrester penalty, but the Premier League side ensured a replay when Fernando Torres pulled the score back to 2–2 with seven minutes remaining. Brentford were comfortably beaten 4–0 at Stamford Bridge in the replay and the match ended on a sour note when Chelsea defender David Luiz's "sickening" late shoulder charge on Bees midfielder Jake Reeves went unpunished and left Reeves concussed.
| [
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"answer": {
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"end": 16755,
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"text": "Dean Smith"
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"context": [
{
"indices": ... |
Jim Nantz | [
{
"indices": [
94,
102
],
"target": "SEC on CBS"
},
{
"indices": [
107,
117
],
"target": "College Basketball on CBS"
},
{
"indices": [
161,
169
],
"target": "PGA Tour on CBS"
},
{
"indices": [
208,
220
],
"ta... | p_3147 | Nantz joined CBS Sports in 1985, initially working as a studio host for the network's college football and basketball coverage, and as an on-course reporter for PGA Tour golf, as well as calling NFL games on Westwood One (from 1988 to 1990, when he was moved to television, Nantz called Sunday Night Football games for what was then called CBS Radio Sports). Nantz has anchored CBS' coverage of the Masters Tournament since 1989. He teamed with Billy Packer to call the NCAA Final Four men's basketball finals from 1991 until 2008. From 2008 to 2013, Clark Kellogg had been his analyst. From 2010 to 2013, Nantz and Kellogg were joined during the Final Four by Steve Kerr of TNT Sports. From 2013 to 2014, Greg Anthony partnered with Nantz. Following Anthony's suspension, Bill Raftery and Grant Hill were selected to replace him and are Nantz's new partners. Leading up to the Final Four, Nantz typically covers the games of the team awarded the overall #1 seed.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"answer_value": "no",
"type": "binary"
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
31
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Nantz joined CBS Sports in 1985"
},
{
... |
Why Do These Kids Love School? | [
{
"indices": [
76,
91
],
"target": "Dorothy Fadiman"
},
{
"indices": [
131,
147
],
"target": "Menlo Park, California"
},
{
"indices": [
493,
509
],
"target": "Menlo Park, California"
},
{
"indices": [
538,
562
],... | p_3148 | Why Do These Kids Love School? is a documentary film directed by filmmaker, Dorothy Fadiman, which examines an independent school, Peninsula School, followed by visits to eight public schools around the country (pre-school through high school) all of which have innovative programs. What emerges is the value of implementing humane values and programs that value creative thinking, self-directed learning, and first-hand experience more than memorization of facts. The schools in the film are Peninsula School, Graham and Parks School in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Central Park East Secondary School in New York City (now a high school since 2005), Clara Barton Open School in Minneapolis, Clement Gregory McDonough City Magnet School in Lowell, Massachusetts, Jefferson County Open School in Lakewood, Colorado, New Orleans Free School (closed after Hurricane Katrina), Central Park East II in New York City, and Davis Alternative Magnet School in Jackson, Mississippi.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 1419,
"passage": "dorothy fadiman",
"start": 1415,
"text": "1990"
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],
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Josh Freese | [
{
"indices": [
49,
55
],
"target": "Fallen (Evanescence album)"
},
{
"indices": [
59,
70
],
"target": "Evanescence"
},
{
"indices": [
145,
161
],
"target": "A Perfect Circle"
},
{
"indices": [
285,
299
],
"ta... | p_3149 | Freese was the session drummer on the 2003 album Fallen by Evanescence and on the Acroma album released on Universal Records. He has drummed for A Perfect Circle since their first album, and is considered one of the core members. As of 2006, the band is on hiatus. Since then, founder Billy Howerdel has started up a new band (Ashes Divide) with drums contributed by Freese. Freese took over from drummer Ron Welty for the recording of the Offspring's 2003 album Splinter after Welty's departure from the band. He is credited for playing drums on the album, but Atom Willard later took on the position as the band's full-time drummer. In July 2007, it was announced Atom Willard had left the band. He would be replaced by Pete Parada. In the meantime, Freese was called upon to record the new Offspring album, Rise and Fall, Rage and Grace. In January 2011, he mentioned on his website that he was working with the Offspring again on their next album Days Go By.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 107,
"passage": "evanescence",
"start": 102,
"text": "1995 "
}
],
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Stanley Fingland | [
{
"indices": [
31,
39
],
"target": "Rhodesia"
},
{
"indices": [
111,
120
],
"target": "Ian Smith"
},
{
"indices": [
132,
170
],
"target": "Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence"
},
{
"indices": [
374,
386... | p_3150 | In 1964 Fingland was posted to Rhodesia as Deputy High Commissioner, and was still there in November 1965 when Ian Smith signed the Unilateral Declaration of Independence and a state of emergency. The British High Commissioner has to leave and Fingland stayed on as head of the residual mission until he was also expelled in 1966. He was then posted as High Commissioner to Sierra Leone 1966–69, an unstable time during which there were three military coups. After three years as assistant Under-Secretary of State at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office Fingland was posted as ambassador to Cuba 1972–75 and finally as High Commissioner to Kenya 1975–79, during which time he was also the UK Permanent Representative to the UN Environment Programme and briefly to the UN Centre for Human Settlements after it was established in 1978 (both UN organisations have their headquarters at Nairobi, Kenya).
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"indices": [
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"text": "In 1964 Fingland was posted to Rhodesia as Deputy High Commi... |
Tony Brown (record producer) | [
{
"indices": [
78,
90
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"target": "J. D. Sumner"
},
{
"indices": [
161,
179
],
"target": "The Blackwood Brothers"
},
{
"indices": [
204,
218
],
"target": "The Oak Ridge Boys"
},
{
"indices": [
284,
297
],
"t... | p_3151 | Following stints with the Dixie Melody Boys and Trav'lers Quartets, he joined J. D. Sumner and the Stamps Quartet in 1966. In 1972, he traveled briefly with the Blackwood Brothers, thereafter joining the Oak Ridge Boys as a member of The Mighty Oaks Band. Brown also played piano for Elvis Presley. He toured with the TCB Band for much of Presley's final two years and was a part of the 1976 "Jungle Room" recording sessions at Graceland. In 1979, he joined Emmylou Harris's backing band, the Hot Band, taking over for former Presley sideman Glen D. Hardin. Brown stayed with Harris until 1981. Later, he became a session musician in Nashville and toured with acts such as Rosanne Cash.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "42",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
68,
121
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "he joined J. D. Sumner and the Stamps Quartet in 1966"... |
Martin Foster (footballer) | [
{
"indices": [
75,
91
],
"target": "Doncaster Rovers F.C."
},
{
"indices": [
157,
170
],
"target": "Ilkeston Town F.C. (1945)"
},
{
"indices": [
203,
222
],
"target": "Forest Green Rovers F.C."
},
{
"indices": [
230,
... | p_3152 | After a short period in Scotland, Foster returned to English football with Doncaster Rovers where his opportunities were limited, though he had a spell with Ilkeston Town on loan. In 2001, he signed for Forest Green Rovers in the Conference National. He made well over 100 appearances for the club and had a spell as captain. He also appeared for Forest Green in the 2001 FA Trophy final at Villa Park but was on the losing side in a 1-0 defeat to Canvey Island. He was highly regarded amongst the supporters at The Lawn and many were sad to see him leave when he departed for Halifax Town in 2004. He made just under 100 league appearances for Halifax at The Shay before a move in 2007 to Oxford United.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
180,
250
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 2001, he signed for Forest Green Rovers in the Confere... |
Margaret Danner | [
{
"indices": [
50,
57
],
"target": "Chicago"
},
{
"indices": [
69,
84
],
"target": "Great Migration (African American)"
},
{
"indices": [
113,
133
],
"target": "Pryorsburg, Kentucky"
},
{
"indices": [
295,
307
],... | p_3153 | Born in 1915, Margaret Esse Danner came of age in Chicago during the Great Migration. Sources place her birth in Pryorsburg, Kentucky, in 1915, although she adamantly claimed Chicago as her birthplace. In eighth grade, she won first prize in a school contest for "The Violin", a poem describing Stradivarius and Guarnerius violins. Danner's college education included courses at Loyola University, Northwestern University, YMCA College, and the newly founded Roosevelt College. Perhaps equally significant was her education in the African-American cultural community of Chicago's South Side, which in the 1930s and 1940s harbored grassroots cultural institutions and informal circles devoted to politics, education, art and literature and often tied to the Communist Popular Front. Although Danner stayed detached from Communism and would eventually oppose all radical politics, she participated in various South Side groups, including Inez Cunningham Stark's poetry workshop at the South Side Community Art Center, along with Gwendolyn Brooks and Margaret Goss Burroughs, her "sometime friends (and rivals)." In 1946, Danner founded Art Associates to gather and promote Chicago's black writers and poets. She counted as friends the poet and critic Edward Bland, as well as Hoyt Fuller, who would head the revived Negro Digest (later Black World) beginning in 1951.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 122,
"passage": "chicago",
"start": 114,
"text": "Illinois"
}
],
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Nicolae Bagdasar | [
{
"indices": [
113,
121
],
"target": "Botoșani"
},
{
"indices": [
617,
637
],
"target": "University of Bucharest"
},
{
"indices": [
752,
778
],
"target": "Ion A. Rădulescu-Pogoneanu"
},
{
"indices": [
878,
892
],... | p_3154 | In October 1916, shortly after Romania entered World War I, he began studying at the reserve officers' school in Botoșani. From spring 1917 to March 1918, he fought on the front as a student master sergeant. He later recalled his wartime experiences in Amintiri. Notații autobiografice, pointing out the absurdity and uselessness of many of the army's actions. He found that officers, rather than judging based on circumstances, hid behind regulations, and that the troops' activities were subject to little real oversight. In October 1918, near the war's end, he enrolled in the literature and philosophy faculty of Bucharest University, graduating in 1922. Initially intending to study sociology, he changed his mind when he found that his professor Ion A. Rădulescu-Pogoneanu did not know the material. Bagdasar then opted for the history of philosophy, taught by a youthful Mircea Florian, whom he found erudite. While a student, he was an editor for Gazeta Transilvaniei, a newspaper based in Brașov, in the newly acquired Transylvania region. Following graduation and with the help of Mihai Popovici, he earned a scholarship at the University of Berlin, where he studied from 1922 to 1926. At Berlin, he took courses with Carl Stumpf, Heinrich Maier and Max Dessoir, and was active in the Kant-Gesellschaft society. He also acquired a solid grounding in Kantianism. He took his doctorate in 1926; it was titled Der Begriff des theoretischen Wertes bei Rickert ("The Notion of Theoretical Value in Rickert").
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 2458,
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"start": 2451,
"text": "106,847"
}
],
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Wale (rapper) | [
{
"indices": [
64,
91
],
"target": "Northwest (Washington, D.C.)"
},
{
"indices": [
124,
130
],
"target": "Yoruba people"
},
{
"indices": [
160,
167
],
"target": "Nigeria"
},
{
"indices": [
211,
224
],
"targe... | p_3155 | Olubowale Victor Akintimehin was born on September 21, 1984, in Northwest, Washington, D.C.. His parents were both from the Yoruba ethnic group of southwestern Nigeria, and both of them came from Austria to the United States in 1979. Wale's family first lived in Northwest, Washington, D.C. and then moved to Montgomery County, when Wale was at the age of 10. In 2002, he graduated from the Quince Orchard High School in Gaithersburg, Maryland, and moved to Largo, Maryland in Prince George's County. Wale attended Robert Morris University and Virginia State University on football scholarships, then transferred to Bowie State University. However, he dropped out due to academic reasons. Wale's love of the game of football and the Washington Redskins has led to a longstanding rumor that Wale had a tattoo of tight end Chris Cooley. He's also the cousin of an actor Gbenga Akinnagbe, who is best known as for playing Chris Partlow on HBO's The Wire. Wale's first recorded track, called "Rhyme of the Century", became his first song to ever be played on the local radio. In 2006, he was featured in the "Unsigned Hype" column of The Source magazine, and later signed to a local label, Studio 43. The track, called "Dig Dug (Shake It)" became popular in Washington, D.C., Maryland and Virginia, and was a tribute to Ronald "Dig Dug" Dixon, who was a percussion player for the go-go band Northeast Groovers. The song became the most requested song by a local artist in Washington D.C. radio history and Wale was the first local artist to get some BDS spins since DJ Kool in the early 1990s. The song was included in Wale's first mixtape, Paint a Picture.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 427,
"passage": "bowie state university",
"start": 404,
"text": "Bowie State University "
}
],
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Bofors 37 mm anti-tank gun | [
{
"indices": [
38,
51
],
"target": "Anti-tank gun"
},
{
"indices": [
85,
91
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"target": "Bofors"
},
{
"indices": [
338,
355
],
"target": "Spanish Civil War"
},
{
"indices": [
364,
374
],
"target": "Winter Wa... | p_3156 | The Bofors 37 mm anti-tank gun was an anti-tank gun designed by Swedish manufacturer Bofors in the early 1930s originally for Swedish use. It was exported to several countries during the 1930's of which several bought licences to produce it themselves. The gun was used in several conflicts but most of its fame comes from its use in the Spanish civil war and the Winter war where it was used very successfully against light tanks and armored cars among other targets. Beyond its use as an infantry gun it was also used as the main armament in several armored cars and tanks such as the Dutch M39 Pantserwagen and the Polish 7TP to name a few. As the armor of tanks was increased during World War II the gun very quickly became obsolete as an anti-tank gun but was still used effectively as an infantry support gun for the entirety of the war, and well into the Cold War. This was due to its high fire rate, great mobility and effective high explosive shells.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
253,
468
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The gun was used in several conflicts but most of its fam... |
CVV 3 Arcore | [
{
"indices": [
117,
122
],
"target": "Milan"
},
{
"indices": [
248,
262
],
"target": "CVV 1 Pinguino"
},
{
"indices": [
283,
289
],
"target": "Aircraft fabric covering"
},
{
"indices": [
323,
333
],
"target":... | p_3157 | The Arcore was designed at the Centro Volo a Vela (CVV), or Experimental Soaring Centre, of the Royal Polytechnic of Milan by Gildo Preti. It was the third glider to be designed and built there and had a close resemblance to the first of them, the CVV 1 Pinguino. Both were wood and fabric single seat competition gliders, cantilever monoplanes with mid-mounted gull wings. The wings in particular were very similar in all respects apart from the Arcore's greater span. They were built around a single spar, with a plywood covered D-box ahead of it and fabric behind. In plan, they had a constant chord centre section, filling about a third of the span, and outer sections with taper on both leading and trailing edges ending in semi-elliptical tips. The centre section had positive dihedral but there was none on the outer panels. Ailerons occupied the whole of these outer panels, hinged parallel to the trailing edge. Short span airbrakes extended upwards only, mounted just behind the spar at the outer ends of the centre section.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 407,
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"start": 390,
"text": "Ermenegildo Preti"
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],
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"context": [
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"indic... |
Henry E. Noyes | [
{
"indices": [
33,
49
],
"target": "Fort Leavenworth"
},
{
"indices": [
94,
104
],
"target": "Fort Riley"
},
{
"indices": [
150,
162
],
"target": "Fort Laramie National Historic Site"
},
{
"indices": [
239,
257
]... | p_3158 | Noyes served on frontier duty at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas from November 1865 to June 1866, at Fort Riley, Kansas from June 1866 to March 13, 1867, at Fort Laramie, Dakota Territory from May 1 to November 1867, and at the newly established Fort D. A. Russell, Dakota Territory from November 17, 1867 to June 1868, during which time he was on a leave of absence from December 15, 1867 to March 28, 1868. He served at Fort McPherson, Nebraska from July 1868 to May 1869 and in the field to November 1869, at Omaha Barracks, Nebraska to April 1870, and at Medicine Bow, Nebraska until November 1870. Noyes was stationed at Fort Sanders, Wyoming Territory until March 1874, during which time he escorted engineers making a reconnoissance of northwestern Wyoming from June 4 to September 27, 1873. He returned to Fort Laramie from March to October 1874 before again being stationed at Fort Sanders until May 3, 1875. Noyes went on a leave of absence from May 3 to July 23, 1875, and then was a witness before civil court until September 2, 1875. He returned to frontier duty and was assigned to Fort Laramie from October 1875 until early 1876, when he was ordered to move his Company I of the 2nd Cavalry to Fort Fetterman, Wyoming Territory, in order to participate in the Big Horn Expedition of March 1-27, 1876. During this campaign Noyes was given command of the 3rd Battalion, consisting of Companies I and K of the 2nd U.S. Cavalry at the Battle of Powder River in Montana Territory. Upon returning to Fort Laramie, Noyes would be court-martialed for his actions during the battle in unsaddling his company and therefore rendering it unable to support the remainder of the command fighting in the village. He was found guilty on May 2, but allowed to rejoin his regiment and command a five-company battalion of the 2nd Cavalry during on Big Horn and Yellowstone Expedition from May 23 to October 28, 1876, being engaged in the Battle of Prairie Dog Creek on June 9 and the Battle of Rosebud on June 17, 1876. Noyes was posted to Fort D. A. Russell from November 8, 1876 to January 13, 1877, at Fort Fred Steele from January 14 to September 23, 1877, and at the newly established Fort Keogh, Montana Territory from October 24, 1877 to August 15, 1878, during which time he was on a leave of absence from March 14 to April 25, 1878. Noyes served on Mounted Recruiting Service from October 1878 to September 30, 1879 and was promoted Major, 4th Cavalry effective June 14, 1879. He was in command of a battalion at Fort Garland, California from December 1, 1879 to March 12, 1880, of Fort Hays, Kansas until May 30, 1880, of a battalion in the field in New Mexico Territory until November 6, 1880, and again of Fort Hays, Kansas until July 20, 1881. Noyes was transferred to Fort Elliott, Texas until November 1881, to Fort Craig, New Mexico Territory to March 27, 1883, in command of a battalion in the field until April 8, 1883, again at Fort Craig until June 28, 1883, and at Fort Wingate, New Mexico Territory to June 13, 1884. He was in command of Fort McDowell, Arizona Territory until June, 1886, stationed at Tucson, Arizona until October 1886, in command of Fort Lowell, Arizona until November 30, 1888, and at Fort Bowie until July 1890. Major Noyes was then transferred to the northwest, serving at Fort Walla Walla, Washington until August 1890, and at Boisé Barracks, Idaho on July 1, 1891. He was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel of the 5th Cavalry on July 1, 1891 and served in that capacity at Fort Supply, Indian Territory from November 1891 to August 1892 before being transferred to his old regiment, the 2nd Cavalry, on August 12, 1892. Noyes served with the 2nd at Fort Huachuca, Arizona until August 1893, at Fort Wingate, New Mexico until September 1894, at Fort Logan, Colorado, until November 1895, and again at Fort Wingate until April 17, 1898. Lieutenant Colonel Noyes was serving there when the Spanish American War broke out in the spring of 1898.
| [
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{
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0,
89
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Noyes served on frontier duty at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas fr... |
Richard Hignett | [
{
"indices": [
27,
35
],
"target": "Cheshire County Cricket Club"
},
{
"indices": [
48,
75
],
"target": "Minor Counties Cricket Championship"
},
{
"indices": [
84,
94
],
"target": "Shropshire County Cricket Club"
},
{
"indices":... | p_3159 | Hignett made his debut for Cheshire in the 1992 Minor Counties Championship against Shropshire. Hignett played Minor counties cricket for Cheshire from 1992 to 2003, including 83 Minor Counties Championship matches and 30 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 1993, he made his List A debut against Nottinghamshire in the NatWest Trophy. He played 13 further List A matches for Cheshire, the last coming against Bedfordshire in the 1st round of the 2004 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2004. In his 14 List A matches for Cheshire, he scored 473 runs at a batting average of 36.38, with six half centuries and a high score of 84, which came against Lincolnshire in the 2nd round of the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was played in 2002. With the ball he took 8 wickets at a bowling average of 21.25, with best figures of 3/21.
| [
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"passage": "main",
"text": "Hignett made his debut for Cheshire in the 1992 Minor C... |
Brabham BT34 | [
{
"indices": [
43,
59
],
"target": "Carlos Reutemann"
},
{
"indices": [
148,
173
],
"target": "1972 Argentine Grand Prix"
},
{
"indices": [
271,
283
],
"target": "1972 South African Grand Prix"
},
{
"indices": [
403,
... | p_3160 | Brabham replaced Schenken with Argentinian Carlos Reutemann for 1972. Hill remained with the team, but Brabham put the Argentinian in the BT34. The 1972 Argentine Grand Prix saw Reutemann take pole in his first grand prix but finish seventh. The Argentinian retired from South Africa with fuel system failure. Reutemann broke his ankle after a mechanical failure on his Rondel Racing entered Brabham at Thruxton during a Formula Two race. The BT34 was not used at the Spanish and Monaco Grands Prix. For Belgium, Brabham entered a third car for Brazilian Wilson Fittipaldi, but he retired with a broken gearbox. The Brazilian finished eighth at the French Grand Prix. Fittipaldi finished 12th at Britain despite having stopped the car on lap 69 with broken suspension. The Brazilian finished seventh at the German Grand Prix. Fittipaldi retired from the final four races of the year, brake failure at Austria, broken suspension in Italy, broken gearbox at Canada and engine failure at the United States.
| [
{
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
500,
611
],
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"text": "For Belgium, Brabham entered a third car for Brazilian Wi... |
RAF Mildenhall | [
{
"indices": [
42,
55
],
"target": "George V"
},
{
"indices": [
269,
281
],
"target": "World War II"
},
{
"indices": [
326,
345
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"target": "Vickers Wellington"
},
{
"indices": [
347,
362
],
"target": "Short... | p_3161 | RAF Mildenhall opened on 16 October 1934. King George V reviewed 350 aircraft there in 1935 on the occasion of his Silver Jubilee. This historical event is commemorated by a memorial tablet located in front of the Building 562, the current 100 ARW headquarters. During World War II, Mildenhall became a bomber station, flying Vickers Wellingtons, Short Stirlings and Avro Lancasters. It was also the headquarters of 3 Group Bomber Command. From 1950, Mildenhall became home to bombers and later tanker aircraft of the United States Air Force. Throughout the 1950s, Strategic Air Command bomber units were deployed on a regular rotational basis from the United States to the United Kingdom. The B-47 Stratojet was a familiar sight in the skies over RAF Mildenhall and RAF Upper Heyford at this time, as entire wings deployed on 90-day rotations. From 1976 to 1990, the SR-71 Blackbird was flown out of Mildenhall by Detachment 4 of the 9th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing of the USAF. RAF Mildenhall was, until 2003, the home of the largest military-sponsored air show in Europe, when it was cancelled because of increasing operational requirements.
| [
{
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
262,
317
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "During World War II, Mildenhall became a bomber station... |
Charles J. Loring Jr. | [
{
"indices": [
175,
187
],
"target": "Jet aircraft"
},
{
"indices": [
188,
201
],
"target": "Fighter pilot"
},
{
"indices": [
216,
234
],
"target": "Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star"
},
{
"indices": [
279,
296
],
... | p_3162 | In July 1952, Loring transferred to the 36th Fighter-Bomber Squadron full-time, where he served as operations officer. In this role he returned to combat duty, this time as a jet aircraft fighter pilot operating the F-80 Shooting Star. Missions for this unit primarily concerned close air support, air strikes and interdiction missions supporting United Nations Command ground troops in the country. In this role, Loring's unit primarily fought North Korean and Chinese ground targets. By November 22, 1952, Loring had completed 50 combat missions. At that time the ground battle in Korea had developed into a stalemate, with the two sides firmly entrenched along the 38th Parallel. Throughout November, the UN forces had been launching Operation Showdown against two targets: Triangle Hill and Sniper Ridge, northwest of Kunwha, north of the 38th Parallel. During the battle, the Chinese managed to amass 133 large caliber guns, 24 BM-13 rocket launchers and 47 anti-aircraft guns in the largest Chinese artillery operation during the Korean War, and it posed a serious threat to ground troops of the ROK 2nd Infantry Division operating in the area. The artillery was heavily guarded, forcing the UN forces to use airpower to combat them.
| [
{
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
236,
398
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Missions for this unit primarily concerned close air supp... |
Something (Beatles song) | [
{
"indices": [
25,
43
],
"target": "Ivor Novello Awards"
},
{
"indices": [
145,
167
],
"target": "The Concert for Bangladesh"
},
{
"indices": [
361,
370
],
"target": "Yesterday (Beatles song)"
},
{
"indices": [
373,
... | p_3163 | "Something" received the Ivor Novello Award for the "Best Song Musically and Lyrically" of 1969. Harrison subsequently performed the song at his Concert for Bangladesh shows in 1971 and throughout the two tours he made as a solo artist. Up to the late 1970s, it had been covered by over 150 artists, making it the second-most covered Beatles composition after "Yesterday". Shirley Bassey had a top-five UK hit with her 1970 recording, while Frank Sinatra regularly performed the song. Other artists who have covered "Something" include Elvis Presley, Ray Charles, Peggy Lee, James Brown, Tony Bennett, Andy Williams, Smokey Robinson and Ike & Tina Turner. In 1999, Broadcast Music Incorporated named "Something" as the 17th-most performed song of the twentieth century, with 5 million performances. In 2004, it was ranked at number 278 on Rolling Stones list of "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time", while two years later, Mojo placed it at number 7 in the magazine's list of the Beatles' best songs. A year after Harrison's death in November 2001, McCartney and Eric Clapton performed it at the Concert for George tribute at London's Royal Albert Hall.
| [
{
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
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96
],
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"text": "\"Something\" received the Ivor Novello Award for the \"Best... |
Remix | [
{
"indices": [
82,
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"target": "Disco"
},
{
"indices": [
198,
209
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"target": "Tom Moulton"
},
{
"indices": [
818,
835
],
"target": "Break (music)"
},
{
"indices": [
844,
858
],
"target": "Twelve-inch si... | p_3164 | From the mid-1970s, DJs in early discothèques were performing similar tricks with disco songs (using loops and tape edits) to get dancers on the floor and keep them there. One noteworthy figure was Tom Moulton who invented the dance remix as we now know it. Though not a DJ (a popular misconception), Moulton had begun his career by making a homemade mix tape for a Fire Island dance club in the late 1960s. His tapes eventually became popular and he came to the attention of the music industry in New York City. At first Moulton was simply called upon to improve the aesthetics of dance-oriented recordings before release ("I didn't do the remix, I did the mix"—Tom Moulton). Eventually, he moved from being a "fix it" man on pop records to specializing in remixes for the dance floor. Along the way, he invented the breakdown section and the 12-inch single vinyl format. Walter Gibbons provided the dance version of the first commercial 12-inch single ("Ten Percent", by Double Exposure). Contrary to popular belief, Gibbons did not mix the record. In fact his version was a re-edit of the original mix. Moulton, Gibbons and their contemporaries (Jim Burgess, Tee Scott, and later Larry Levan and Shep Pettibone) at Salsoul Records proved to be the most influential group of remixers for the disco era. The Salsoul catalog is seen (especially in the UK and Europe) as being the "canon" for the disco mixer's art form. Pettibone is among a very small number of remixers whose work successfully transitioned from the disco to the House era. (He is certainly the most high-profile remixer to do so.) His contemporaries included Arthur Baker and François Kevorkian.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"answer_value": "22",
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
873,
989
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Walter Gibbons provided the dance version of the firs... |
Battle of Lucas Bend | [
{
"indices": [
196,
217
],
"target": "Dahlgren gun"
},
{
"indices": [
260,
268
],
"target": "Howitzer"
},
{
"indices": [
293,
312
],
"target": "City-class ironclad"
},
{
"indices": [
330,
350
],
"target": "Ca... | p_3165 | The USS Essex had been constructed in 1856. She was a 1000-ton river gunboat, converted from her original role as a timberclad ferry named New Era. She was armed with one 32-pounder cannon, three Dahlgren smooth bores, one Dahlgren smoothbore and a 12-pounder howitzer. The USS St Louis was a City class ironclad built in 1861 at Carondelet, Missouri. She was armed with three 8-inch smoothbores, four 42-pounder rifles, six 32-pounder rifles and one 12-pounder rifle at the time of her service at Lucas Bend. Both ships were sent to Cairo, Illinois, early in the Civil War as part of troop transports moving the army into Tennessee. Illinois, a Union state which contributed 250,000 men to the Union Army, a figure surpassed by only New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio, was a key theater. Cairo, at the confluence between the Mississippi and Ohio rivers, was a key supply point and headquarters for Flag Officer Andrew Hull Foote and General Ulysses S. Grant. It was defended by Fort Defiance. The complex river network provided routes for the Union gunboats into the heart of the Confederate forces; however the water levels – particularly in the Tennessee River – were often not sufficient for gunboats to pass.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 297,
"passage": "carondelet, st. louis",
"start": 285,
"text": "9,960 people"
}
],
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"context": [
{
"ind... |
JoJuan Armour | [
{
"indices": [
22,
37
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"target": "Oakland Raiders"
},
{
"indices": [
74,
92
],
"target": "Cincinnati Bengals"
},
{
"indices": [
118,
125
],
"target": "Starting lineup"
},
{
"indices": [
236,
246
],
"target"... | p_3166 | He was drafted by the Oakland Raiders in 1999 and was later signed by the Cincinnati Bengals in December 1999. Armour started for the Bengals in 2001 and 2002 and was released by them in August 2003. In June 2004 Armour was signed as a free agent by the British Columbia Lions and played for them in 2004 and 2005. After the 2005 season Armour was signed by the Hamilton Tiger-Cats and played for them in the 2006 and 2007 seasons. In February 2008 he was signed by the Calgary Stampeders. He helped Calgary win the 2008 Grey Cup. He was later released on June 22, 2009 for overaggressive plays during training camp. On August 3, 2009, the BC Lions re-signed Armour. On February 25, 2010, Armour announced his retirement after six seasons in the CFL, having spent three with the BC Lions.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 23395,
"passage": "oakland raiders",
"start": 23385,
"text": "Jon Gruden"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
"indices... |
Adam Ruben | [
{
"indices": [
36,
62
],
"target": "Outrageous Acts of Science"
},
{
"indices": [
70,
85
],
"target": "Science Channel"
},
{
"indices": [
250,
259
],
"target": "Head Rush (TV series)"
},
{
"indices": [
307,
321
]... | p_3167 | Ruben is known for hosting the show Outrageous Acts of Science on the Science Channel, known outside the United States as You Have Been Warned and Loco Lab. He has also been seen and heard on the Food Network's Food Detectives, the Science Channel's Head Rush, the Weather Channel's Weather Gone Viral, the Travel Channel's Mysteries at the Kremlin, Discovery International's Superhuman Science, the Science Channel's How Do They Do It?, the documentary Mortified Nation, and NPR's All Things Considered and The Moth Radio Hour. He is the author of Surviving Your Stupid, Stupid Decision to Go to Grad School (Random House, 2010), a satirical guide to post-baccalaureate education, and Pinball Wizards: Jackpots, Drains, and the Cult of the Silver Ball (Chicago Review Press, 2017), a narrative nonfiction book about the past, present, and future of pinball. Ruben is also known for writing the monthly science humor column "Experimental Error" in the AAAS journal Science Careers. Ruben frequently gives keynote lectures and performances about science, education, career-related topics, comedy, science communication, public perception of science, and performs his one-man show about bullying, Please Don't Beat Me Up: Stories and Artifacts from Adolescence.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"context": [
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"indices": [
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62
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"text": "Ruben is known for hosting the show Outrageous Acts of Scien... |
Donald Mitchell (writer) | [
{
"indices": [
80,
95
],
"target": "Dulwich College"
},
{
"indices": [
132,
154
],
"target": "Conscientious objector"
},
{
"indices": [
197,
216
],
"target": "Non-Combatant Corps"
},
{
"indices": [
246,
273
],
... | p_3168 | Mitchell was born in London, and educated at Brightlands Preparatory School and Dulwich College, London. In 1943 he registered as a conscientious objector and his war-time service was spent in the Non-Combatant Corps. After the war, he taught at Oakfield Preparatory School, London and in 1947 founded and edited the journal Music Survey; several issues appeared before he was joined in 1949 by Hans Keller and the journal was re-launched in the Music Survey's so-called 'New Series' (1949–52), whose uncompromising critical standards and pugnaciously pro-Britten and pro-Schoenberg stance brought it renown and notoriety in equal measure. Mitchell studied at Durham University 1949-50. In the 1950s he was a regular contributor to the journals Musical Times and Musical Opinion. In 1958 he became editor of Music Books at Faber and Faber and in the same year was appointed Editor of Boosey & Hawkes's music journal Tempo, until 1962. From 1963 to 1964 he was a special music adviser at Boosey & Hawkes with particular responsibility for contemporary music and the acquisition of contemporary composers. He was responsible for Peter Maxwell Davies and Nicholas Maw joining the publisher's list. In 1965, with the encouragement of Benjamin Britten he founded the music-publishing firm of Faber Music, and was its first Managing Director (vice-chairman, 1976, chairman, 1977, president, 1988–95). In 1972 he became the first Professor of Music at Sussex University (until 1976). Following the death of Benjamin Britten, Mitchell became a senior trustee of the Britten-Pears Foundation; in 1986 he became the Foundation's director and chairman of the Britten Estate Ltd. From 1989 to 1992 he was chairman of the Performing Right Society. He was appointed a CBE in the 2000 New Year Honours, and died on 28 September 2017.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "28",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
218,
338
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "After the war, he taught at Oakfield Preparatory Scho... |
Roger Gracie | [
{
"indices": [
50,
69
],
"target": "Brazilian jiu-jitsu"
},
{
"indices": [
118,
138
],
"target": "Mixed martial arts"
},
{
"indices": [
156,
169
],
"target": "Gracie family"
},
{
"indices": [
214,
227
],
"tar... | p_3169 | Roger Gracie Gomes (born September 26, 1981) is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu practitioner (10x world champion) and a retired mixed martial artist. A member of the Gracie family, he is the son of Reila Gracie (daughter of Carlos Gracie) and Mauricio Motta Gomes. Roger was awarded his black belt by his cousin Renzo Gracie at the behest of Carlos Gracie, Jr. whilst training in New York in 2003. He is currently a fourth degree black belt. Roger Gracie is the founder and head instructor at The Roger Gracie Academy located in Kensington, London, England. Notable Black belt promotions include Raymond Stevens, Nicolas Gregoriades and Kywan Gracie Behring. Roger is an active mixed martial arts competitor, and is the former ONE World Cruiserweight (now Light Heavyweight) Champion.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"answer_value": "yes",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
82
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Roger Gracie Gomes (born September 26, 1981) is a Brazili... |
Jamaica women's national football team | [
{
"indices": [
46,
60
],
"target": "2018 CONCACAF Women's Championship qualification"
},
{
"indices": [
309,
343
],
"target": "2018 CONCACAF Women's Championship"
},
{
"indices": [
384,
425
],
"target": "Football at the 2018 Central Ame... | p_3170 | In May 2018, Jamaica began the first round of Caribbean Zone qualifying, this was the first time the team had assembled in two years. Jamaica won their group and advanced to the final round of Caribbean Zone qualifying. They hosted the final round tournament and won all four games securing their spot at the 2018 CONCACAF Women's Championship. The same year, Jamaica competed in the 2018 Central American and Caribbean Games. In the group stage, they had a record of one win and two losses, but did not advance to the knockout round. At the 2018 CONCACAF Women's Championship, Jamaica was drawn into Group B alongside Canada, Costa Rica and Cuba. In their first match against Canada, they played well but lost 2–0. Jamaica secured an upset 1–0 victory over Costa Rica in their second match, thanks in part to the great play of goalkeeper Sydney Schneider. In their final group match against Cuba, Jamaica won 9–0. As a result of Costa Rica losing their final group match, Jamaica finished second in their group and advanced to the semi-finals where they would face the number one ranked United States. The US defeated Jamaica 6–0, in the semi-final. Jamaica won the third place match against Panama on penalty kicks, securing a spot at the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup. Jamaica is the first Caribbean nation to ever qualify for a Women's World Cup and became the first Caribbean country to have both men's and women's teams to participate in men's and women's World Cup. Interestingly, its male counterparts also qualified to the only FIFA World Cup also in France.
| [
{
"answer": {
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
220,
426
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "They hosted the final round tournament and won all four g... |
Andy McCoy | [
{
"indices": [
54,
96
],
"target": "Bangkok Shocks, Saigon Shakes, Hanoi Rocks"
},
{
"indices": [
306,
319
],
"target": "Oriental Beat"
},
{
"indices": [
652,
658
],
"target": "Razzle (musician)"
},
{
"indices": [
783,
... | p_3171 | Hanoi Rocks released their first album in 1981 titled Bangkok Shocks, Saigon Shakes, Hanoi Rocks, with eight out of ten tracks written by McCoy. The album was produced by Andy McCoy and Michael Monroe who were known as "The Muddy Twins". In 1982 Hanoi Rocks recorded and released their second studio album Oriental Beat in London. The original cover's back side featured Andy McCoy's then girlfriend Anna's naked breasts painted blue and red with "Hanoi Roxx" written across it. After the album's release, the band moved to London the same year, and subsequently fired drummer Gyp Casino before hiring Hanoi Rocks fan Nicholas Dingley, better known as Razzle, as drummer. The line-up with Razzle is considered the definitive version of Hanoi Rocks. Later that year the band released Self Destruction Blues, which had Razzle on the cover, but he didn't play on the album, because it was actually a compilation of old singles. The tour for the album took the band to Asia for the first time. The next year 1983, the band released Back to Mystery City and after that, in 1984, the band worked with producer Bob Ezrin, and released Two Steps from the Move. Before this, McCoy had written most of the songs by himself, but for this album Bob Ezrin helped McCoy with the writing, along with Monroe. He also got some help with the lyrics from legendary Ian Hunter (of Mott The Hoople). After Razzle's death, Sam Yaffa left the band due to personal differences with McCoy (amongst other reasons he was now engaged to Anna, McCoy's former girlfriend known from the Oriental Beat cover). The band tried out new members (amongst them The Clash ex-drummer Terry Chimes and bassist René Berg), but things didn't work out, so the band disbanded in 1985.
| [
{
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
143
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Hanoi Rocks released their first album in 1981 titled Bangk... |
Josh Mathews | [
{
"indices": [
63,
66
],
"target": "WWE Raw"
},
{
"indices": [
74,
86
],
"target": "Jerry Lawler"
},
{
"indices": [
174,
192
],
"target": "WrestleMania XXVII"
},
{
"indices": [
252,
275
],
"target": "Stone Co... | p_3172 | In late 2010, Mathews often worked as the color commentator on Raw due to Jerry Lawler's increased in-ring competition. On April 3, 2011, Mathews commentated the majority of WrestleMania XXVII, though he received a 'Stone Cold Stunner' from an angered Stone Cold Steve Austin, cutting his night short. The following night on Raw, Mathews found himself aligned with Jerry Lawler, and against Michael Cole. He then became the alternate spokesman for the Anonymous Raw General Manager, when Michael Cole was not commentating. He then using the new catchphrase "The Anonymous Raw General Manager says...", before reading each e-mail. On the April 25 episode of Raw, Mathews announced that the Jim Ross and Jerry Lawler vs. Michael Cole and Jack Swagger match at Extreme Rules will be a Country Whipping match, which Cole and Swagger won. At the following pay-per-view, Over the Limit, Mathews supported Lawler, Bret Hart and Eve Torres in having Michael Cole kiss Lawler's foot. The following night, again as the spokesman for the anonymous Raw General Manager, Mathews read the e-mail that denied The Miz's request for another title shot, seemingly done with John Cena. He left the Raw broadcasting table the following week, after Cole and Lawler reconciled, though he remained on the show as a backstage interviewer and backup commentator.
| [
{
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{
"end": 251,
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"text": " Atlanta, Georgia"
}
],
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"context": [
{
"i... |
Wayne Edward Alley | [
{
"indices": [
8,
16
],
"target": "Portland, Oregon"
},
{
"indices": [
18,
24
],
"target": "Oregon"
},
{
"indices": [
44,
63
],
"target": "Bachelor of Arts"
},
{
"indices": [
69,
88
],
"target": "Stanford Uni... | p_3173 | Born in Portland, Oregon, Alley received an Artium Baccalaureus from Stanford University in 1952 and was a lieutenant in the United States Army during the Korean War, from 1952 to 1954. He received a Juris Doctor from Stanford Law School in 1957, and was a law clerk on the Supreme Court of Oregon, in Salem, Oregon in 1957, and then in private practice in Portland from 1957 to 1959. He returned to the military as assistant staff judge advocate, U. S. Army Artillery and Missile Center, Fort Sill, Oklahoma, 1959–1960 and then as assistant staff judge advocate, Headquarters, U. S. Army Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa, Japan), 1960–1964. He was in the Thirteenth Career Class, TJAGSA, 1965, and was a member of the faculty of Judge Advocate General's School in Charlottsville, Virginia, from 1965 to 1968. He was a military judge for the U.S. Army Trial Judiciary in Saigon, Republic of Vietnam, from 1968 to 1969, and at Schofield Barracks in Hawaii from 1970 to 1972. He then served on the U.S. Army Court of Military Review in Falls Church, Virginia, from 1972 to 1975, serving as chief trial judge of that court in 1975. He was chief of the Criminal Law Division, Office of the Judge Advocate General, Department of the Army, in Washington, D.C. from 1975 to 1978, and in the United States Army, judge advocate, in Heidelberg, Germany, from 1978 to 1981. He was dean and professor of law at the University of Oklahoma College of Law, in Norman, Oklahoma, from 1981 to 1985.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 157,
"passage": "stanford university",
"start": 147,
"text": "California"
}
],
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
"indices... |
René Binder | [
{
"indices": [
19,
28
],
"target": "Innsbruck"
},
{
"indices": [
60,
67
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"target": "Kart racing"
},
{
"indices": [
289,
303
],
"target": "Formula racing"
},
{
"indices": [
331,
350
],
"target": "2009 ADAC F... | p_3174 | Binder was born in Innsbruck. He began his racing career in karting in 2002, remaining in the category until 2008. During this time, he finished third in the German Junior Kart Championship in 2007 and was runner-up in the German Challenger Kart Championship in 2008. In 2009 he began his formula racing career by competing in the ADAC Formel Masters series for the Abt Sportsline team. Whilst his teammate Daniel Abt won the championship, Binder finished the season in seventh position with three podium finishes. Binder then moved up to the German Formula Three Championship: in 2010, he drove for Motopark Academy and finished in twelfth place in the championship, with a best result of third position; 2011 saw him move to the Jo Zeller Racing team, for whom he improved to eighth place despite missing a round of the championship; and for the 2012 season he is driving for the Van Amersfoort Racing team. In 2011 he also competed in one round of the FIA Formula Two Championship, held at the Austrian Red Bull Ring.
| [
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"answer": {
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"end": 104,
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"text": "Austria"
}
],
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
List of people involved in the Fort Lee lane closure scandal | [
{
"indices": [
33,
51
],
"target": "John Wisniewski"
},
{
"indices": [
85,
101
],
"target": "Loretta Weinberg"
},
{
"indices": [
883,
897
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"target": "Marlene Caride"
},
{
"indices": [
922,
945
],
"target": ... | p_3175 | On January 21, 2014, Assemblyman John S. Wisniewski and State Senate majority leader Loretta Weinberg, whose district includes Fort Lee, announced that the Senate and Assembly committee investigating the matter would merge into the bi-partisan joint New Jersey Legislative Select Committee on Investigation, which they would co-chair and would have 12 members. While the committee initially focused on the Bridgegate scandal, it had the power to investigate other allegations against the Christie administration. On January 24, 2014 the members of the bi-partisan committee were announced; eight Assembly representatives, including five Democrats and three Republicans, and four Senators, including three Democrats and one Republican. At the time, 40% of the members of the New Jersey Legislature were Republican. Besides the two Democratic co-chairs, members included Assemblywoman Marlene Caride (D-Bergen), Assemblyman Michael Patrick Carroll (R-Morris), Senator Nia Gill (D-Essex), Senator Linda Greenstein (D-Middlesex), Assembly Majority Leader Louis Greenwald (D-Camden), Assemblywoman Amy Handlin (R-Monmouth), Assemblywoman Valerie Huttle (D-Bergen), Assemblywoman Holly Schepisi (R-Bergen), Assemblywoman Bonnie Watson Coleman (D-Mercer), and an unnamed Republican Senator. On January 27, both houses voted unanimously to combine the investigations, maintaining the partisan balance, and announced Kevin O'Toole's (R-Essex) inclusion despite his mention in a December 5 email from Wildstein to Michael Drewniak. Assemblyman Paul Moriarty (D-4th Legislative) District subsequently replaced Watson.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 50,
"passage": "List of people involved in the Fort Lee lane closure scandal",
"start": 33,
"text": "John S. Wisniewsk"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
... |
Alan Brown (footballer, born 1937) | [
{
"indices": [
26,
31
],
"target": "Lewes"
},
{
"indices": [
33,
39
],
"target": "Sussex"
},
{
"indices": [
91,
96
],
"target": "Irvin Brown"
},
{
"indices": [
101,
105
],
"target": "Stan Brown (footballer)"
... | p_3176 | Brown was born in 1937 in Lewes, Sussex, one of six brothers who all played football; two, Irvin and Stan, also played in the Football League. He played local football for Lewes St Mary's and Portslade before being called up for National Service. A tall, heavily built man, Brown was serving in Gibraltar in March 1958 when he was recommended to Brighton & Hove Albion as a promising centre half; he signed for the club six months later, the day after his brother Irvin, also a centre half, left it. He made his first-team debut three years later, by which time he had converted to play at centre forward, and made eight appearances, scoring twice, in the first half of the 1961–62 Second Division season. In January 1962, he joined Exeter City, managed by former Brighton team-mate Glen Wilson. He scored three goals from eleven Division Four appearances, and left at the end of the season for non-league football with clubs including Hastings United and Dover. After football, Brown worked as a landscape gardener. He died in Lewes in 2016 at the age of 78.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 119,
"passage": "sussex",
"start": 111,
"text": " England"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Sutlej Yamuna link canal | [
{
"indices": [
78,
86
],
"target": "Ludhiana"
},
{
"indices": [
125,
140
],
"target": "Aam Aadmi Party"
},
{
"indices": [
145,
168
],
"target": "List of chief ministers of Delhi"
},
{
"indices": [
169,
184
],
... | p_3177 | The Shiromani Akali Dal held a protest over the SYL issue on 12 April 2016 in Ludhiana, whilst accusing national convenor of Aam Aadmi Party and Chief Minister of Delhi Arvind Kejriwal and his government of "double-speak" and "anti-Punjab stand". On 11 November 2016, all Indian National Congress MLAs of the Punjab Legislative Assembly resigned in protest at the Supreme Court's decision that the state's termination of the link canal was unconstitutional. Aam Aadmi Party began an indefinite protest on the same day at Kapoori village, blaming both the Shiromani Akali Dal and Congress for SYL. Apprehending law and order problem over the issue, the Punjab Police deployed the Rapid Action Force in parts of Punjab, sealed the border with Haryana and increased patrolling on the National Highway-1 on 12 November. A Congress rally was organised on 13 November at Khuian Sarwar village. President of Punjab Pradesh Congress Committee Amarinder Singh declared that not a single drop a water will go out of Punjab while also announcing that a Congress delegation including MPs and MLAs would meet President of India Pranab Mukherjee on the issue. The delegation met the President on 17 November, urging him to form a panel to look into the SYL issue and direct the Union government to consider ground realities and water availability in the state before taking any action on advice of the Supreme Court. Amarinder resigned from Lok Sabha on 23 November in protest against the issue. A delegation of Punjab government's ministers met the President on 28 November, urging him not to accept any advice against the riparian water rights. The Akali Dal held a rally at Moga on 8 December regarding the issue. Chief Minister Prakash Singh Badal stated that the controversy had been resolved after hiving back the land meant for the canal to the original owners. He also stated that Punjab didn't have a single drop of water to spare.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
1403,
1480
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Amarinder resigned from Lok Sabha on 23 November in pro... |
Viscounty of Béarn | [
{
"indices": [
28,
43
],
"target": "Francis Phoebus of Navarre"
},
{
"indices": [
59,
77
],
"target": "Kingdom of Navarre"
},
{
"indices": [
162,
176
],
"target": "Personal union"
},
{
"indices": [
230,
249
],
... | p_3178 | In 1479, the Lord of Béarn, Francis Phoebus, inherited the Kingdom of Navarre, across the Pyrenees to the southwest. The two sovereign principalities remained in personal union until their extinction. Béarn went on to be ruled by Henry II of Navarre, who inherited it from his mother. In 1512, the Kingdom of Navarre was almost entirely occupied by Spain; only Lower Navarre, north of the Pyrenees escaped Spanish permanent occupation. The Bearnese monarchs extended the use of Occitan to Navarre after 1512, despite the fact that it was not the vernacular there, where Basque was the tongue of the people. The Estates of Navarre convoked in 1522 (or in 1523, according to other sources) kept records in Occitan, as did the Chancery of Navarre created in 1524. When Henry II revised the Fueros of Navarre in 1530, he had them translated from Castilian into Occitan.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 35820,
"passage": "kingdom of navarre",
"start": 35806,
"text": "Queen Eleanor "
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"... |
Rama in Jainism | [
{
"indices": [
0,
10
],
"target": "Dasharatha"
},
{
"indices": [
27,
43
],
"target": "Solar dynasty"
},
{
"indices": [
54,
61
],
"target": "Ayodhya"
},
{
"indices": [
89,
98
],
"target": "Lakshmana"
},
{
... | p_3179 | Dasharatha was the king of Ikshvaku dynasty who ruled Ayodhya. He had four princes Rama, Lakshmana, Bharata and Shatrughna. Janaka ruled Videha. His daughter Sita was married to Rama. Sita was kidnapped by Ravana, who took her to his kingdom Lanka. During the search for Sita, Rama and Lakshmana meet Sugriva and Hanuman. Sugriva, the king of Vanara clan was removed from his throne of Kiskindha by his brother Vali(He later become Jain Monk and attained Moksha). Rama and Lakshmana helped Sugriva get back his kingdom. They, along with the army of Sugriva marched towards Lanka. Vibhishana, Ravana's brother tried to persuade him to return Sita. However, Ravana did not agree. Vibhishana allied with Rama. There was a war fought between the armies of Rama and Ravana. Lakshmana kills Ravana in the end(deviating from the Ramayana where the hero Rama slays Ravana) and Vibhishana becomes the king of Lanka. Rama and Lakshmana return to Ayodhya. Rama had around eight thousand wives among whom Sita was the principle consort(in the Hindu epic , Rama has only one wife Sita), where as Lakshmana had around sixteen thousand wives in which Prithvisundari was his principle consort(in the Hindu epic, he had only one wife, Urmila). After Lakshmana's death, Rama becomes a monk. He attains Kevala Jnana and subsequently moksha. Lakshmana and Ravana, on the other hand, go to hell. Sita was born in heaven.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 174,
"passage": "solar dynasty",
"start": 169,
"text": "India"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
South East England | [
{
"indices": [
4,
24
],
"target": "Francis Pettit Smith"
},
{
"indices": [
52,
61
],
"target": "Propeller"
},
{
"indices": [
124,
149
],
"target": "Maidenhead Railway Bridge"
},
{
"indices": [
217,
238
],
"ta... | p_3180 | Sir Francis Pettit Smith of Kent invented the screw propeller. Faversham Oyster Fishery is the oldest company in the world. Maidenhead Railway Bridge is known for its flat arch, built in 1839 with 39-metre spans. The Wealden iron industry in the Weald was the site of the first blast furnace in Britain in 1491, and produced much of Britain's cast iron until the 1770s. Portsmouth Block Mills were the site of the world's first metal machine tools, built for the manufacture of wooden pulleys, invented by Henry Maudslay, and the site of the world's first industrial assembly line in 1803. South Foreland Lighthouse on 8 December 1858 was the world's first lighthouse with electric light, with the first type of industrial electrical generator made by Frederick Hale Holmes, from work he had carried out with Floris Nollet of Belgium, and 36 permanent magnets. By 1880, of the ten lighthouses with electric light, five were in the UK. From the lighthouse in 1899, the first international radio broadcast to France was made. Zénobe Gramme of Belgium made a much better design in 1870 with self-excitation of magnets, and the first modern dynamo. North Foreland Lighthouse was the UK's last-manned lighthouse until 1998.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 307,
"passage": "blast furnace",
"start": 303,
"text": "coke"
},
{
"end": 454,
"passage": "blast furnace",
"start": 416,
"text": "air (sometimes with oxygen enri... |
Bengt Odhner | [
{
"indices": [
19,
28
],
"target": "Stockholm"
},
{
"indices": [
66,
85
],
"target": "Nils Hjalmar Odhner"
},
{
"indices": [
127,
139
],
"target": "Juris Doctor"
},
{
"indices": [
150,
155
],
"target": "Genoa... | p_3181 | Odhner was born in Stockholm, Sweden and was the son of Professor Nils Hjalmar Odhner and Signhild (née Hagström). He earned a Juris Doctor degree in Genoa in 1944 and served in Genoa and Milan from 1938 to 1945 before becoming an attaché at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs in 1945. Odhner served as an attaché in Tehran and Baghdad from 1947 to 1950 and was the second secretary at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs from 1950 to 1955. He was then first secretary at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs and held the same position in Washington, D.C. from 1955 to 1959. He was legation counsellor in Warsaw from 1959 to 1961 and director at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs (head of international aid cases) from 1962 to 1964. He was ambassador in Baghdad from 1964 to 1969, also accredited to Kuwait City from 1965 to 1969 and ambassador in (Rawalpindi), Islamabad from 1969 to 1973 and ambassador in Tehran, also accredited to Kabul from 1973 to 1978. After that he was trade policy negotiator at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs from 1978 to 1982 and ambassador in Tunis from 1983 to 1984.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 126,
"passage": "stockholm",
"start": 119,
"text": "972,647"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Masahiko Nakagawa | [
{
"indices": [
21,
37
],
"target": "Osaka Prefecture"
},
{
"indices": [
80,
101
],
"target": "Kokushikan University"
},
{
"indices": [
113,
129
],
"target": "Yokohama Flügels"
},
{
"indices": [
188,
201
],
"t... | p_3182 | Nakagawa was born in Osaka Prefecture on August 26, 1969. After graduating from Kokushikan University, he joined Yokohama Flügels in 1992. However he could hardly play in the match behind Atsuhiko Mori. In June 1995, he moved to rival club in Yokohama, Yokohama Marinos. In 1996, he played many matches when regular goalkeeper Yoshikatsu Kawaguchi let the club for 1996 Summer Olympics and injury. In 1998, he moved to Kyoto Purple Sanga. However he could hardly play in the match behind Shigetatsu Matsunaga. In March 2000, he moved to Nagoya Grampus Eight on loan. In 2001, he returned to Purple Sanga was relegated to J2 League. From June, he became a regular goalkeeper and the club returned to J1 League in a season. However he could hardly play in the match in 2002 season and retired end of 2002 season.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
217,
397
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "he moved to rival club in Yokohama, Yokohama Marinos. In ... |
Polish Orthodox Church | [
{
"indices": [
57,
71
],
"target": "Peace of Riga"
},
{
"indices": [
141,
155
],
"target": "Russian Empire"
},
{
"indices": [
172,
194
],
"target": "Second Polish Republic"
},
{
"indices": [
247,
262
],
"targ... | p_3183 | The establishment of the church was undertaken after the Treaty of Riga left a large amount of territory previously under the control of the Russian Empire, as part of the Second Polish Republic. Eastern Orthodoxy was widespread in the Belarusian Western Belarus regions and the Ukrainian Volhynia. The loss of ecclesiastical link due to the persecution of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Soviet Union, left the regional clergy in a crisis moment, and in 1924, the Ecumenical Patriarchate took over establishing several autonomous churches on territories of the new states that were formerly wholly or partially part of the Russian Empire (Finland, the Baltic States, and Poland). Earlier, in January 1922, the Polish government had issued an order recognizing the Orthodox church and placing it under the authority of the state. At that time a Ukrainian, Yurii Yaroshevsky, was appointed Metropolitan and exarch by the patriarch of Moscow. When Yaroshevsky began to reject the authority of Moscow Patriarchate, he was assassinated by a Russian monk. Nonetheless, his successor, Dionizy Waledyński (Dionisii Valedinsky), continued to work for the autocephaly of the Polish Orthodox church, which was finally granted by the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople in his Tomos of 13 November 1924. Given that most of the parishioners were Ukrainians and Belarusians living in the Eastern areas of the newly independent Polish Second Republic, the Patriarch of Constantinople had a canonical basis to grant the Tomos to the Polish church as a successor of the Kyiv Metropolia, the former territory of Kyivan Rus' which Constantinople continued to see as its canonical territory (despite having agreed to allow Moscow to be its caretaker it in 1686). The Russian Orthodox Church at the time did not recognise the Polish autocephaly, as it did not recognise the autocephaly of the Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
155
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The establishment of the church was undertaken after the Tr... |
History of Nigeria | [
{
"indices": [
4,
15
],
"target": "Nok culture"
},
{
"indices": [
75,
86
],
"target": "Jos Plateau"
},
{
"indices": [
218,
226
],
"target": "Smelting"
},
{
"indices": [
239,
245
],
"target": "Taruga"
},
{... | p_3184 | The Nok culture thrived from approximately 1,500 BC to about 200 AD on the Jos Plateau in north and central Nigeria and produced life-sized terracotta figures that include human heads, human figures, and animals. Iron smelting furnaces at Taruga, a Nok site, date from around 600 BC. The Nok culture is thought to have begun smelting iron by 600-500 BC and possibly some centuries earlier. Kainji Dam excavations revealed iron-working by the 2nd century BC. Evidence of iron smelting has also been excavated at sites in the Nsukka region of southeast Nigeria in what is now Igboland: dating to 2,000 BC at the site of Lejja (Uzomaka 2009) and to 750 BC and at the site of Opi (Holl 2009). The transition from Neolithic times to the Iron Age apparently was achieved indigenously without intermediate bronze production. Others have suggested that the technology moved west from the Nile Valley, although the Iron Age in the Niger River valley and the forest region appears to predate the introduction of metallurgy in the upper savanna by more than 800 years. The earliest iron technology in West Africa has also been found to be contemporary with or predate that of the Nile valley and North Africa, and some archaeologists believe that iron metallurgy was likely developed independently in sub-Saharan West Africa.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 314,
"passage": "nok culture",
"start": 307,
"text": "unknown"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Brandi Rhodes | [
{
"indices": [
118,
131
],
"target": "Farm team"
},
{
"indices": [
146,
149
],
"target": "WWE"
},
{
"indices": [
184,
214
],
"target": "Florida Championship Wrestling"
},
{
"indices": [
296,
308
],
"target": ... | p_3185 | While working as a model after completing her master's degree, Reed was invited to a WWE tryout in 2011. She signed a developmental contract with WWE in March 2011 and was assigned to Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW). The following month, she debuted under the ring name Brandi, accompanying Lucky Cannon at an FCW house show. On May 12, she began working as a ring announcer on weekly episodes of Superstars. On July 11, Reed also began announcing duties on NXT, under the ring name Eden Stiles. She filled in as the ring announcer for SmackDown on the July 15 and November 11 episodes. Her only match took place on July 16 at FCW Summer SlamaRama, where she was involved in a battle royal, which was won by Sonia. In December, at her request, Reed was released from her WWE contract.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 177,
"passage": "wwe smackdown",
"start": 163,
"text": "April 29, 1999"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices":... |
John Quincy Adams | [
{
"indices": [
8,
32
],
"target": "Braintree, Massachusetts"
},
{
"indices": [
201,
207
],
"target": "Boston"
},
{
"indices": [
228,
245
],
"target": "George Washington"
},
{
"indices": [
292,
303
],
"target"... | p_3186 | Born in Braintree, Massachusetts, Adams spent much of his youth in Europe, where his father served as a diplomat. After returning to the United States, Adams established a successful legal practice in Boston. In 1794, President George Washington appointed Adams as the U.S. ambassador to the Netherlands, and Adams would serve in high-ranking diplomatic posts until 1801, when Thomas Jefferson took office as president. Federalist leaders in Massachusetts arranged for Adams's election to the United States Senate in 1802, but Adams broke with the Federalist Party over foreign policy and was denied re-election. In 1809, Adams was appointed as the U.S. ambassador to Russia by President James Madison, a member of the Democratic-Republican Party. Adams held diplomatic posts for the duration of Madison's presidency, and he served as part of the American delegation that negotiated an end to the War of 1812. In 1817, newly-elected President James Monroe selected Adams as his Secretary of State. In that role, Adams negotiated the Adams–Onís Treaty, which provided for the American acquisition of Florida. He also helped formulate the Monroe Doctrine, which became a key tenet of U.S. foreign policy.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 63,
"passage": "adams–onís treaty",
"start": 59,
"text": "1819"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Jed Mercurio | [
{
"indices": [
39,
51
],
"target": "Line of Duty"
},
{
"indices": [
97,
101
],
"target": "BBC Two"
},
{
"indices": [
364,
394
],
"target": "Royal Television Society"
},
{
"indices": [
487,
511
],
"target": "R... | p_3187 | Mercurio's next original drama series, Line of Duty (first broadcast 26 June 2012), premiered as BBC2's then best-performing drama series in 10 years with 4.1 million viewers. A well-received second series (first broadcast 12 February 2014) resulted in the BBC commissioning two further series for production in 2015 and 2016. The first series was nominated for a Royal Television Society Award for Best Drama Series and earned Mercurio his third nominations as Best Drama Writer by the Royal Television Society and The Writers' Guild of Great Britain. In 2014, Line of Duty was named in the Top 50 BBC2 Shows of All-Time, and named best television drama of the year by The Observer, and in 2016 ranked among the best BBC shows of all time and among the best police series of all time. In 2015, the second series won the Royal Television Society Award for Best Drama Series. and was nominated for four BAFTA Awards. Series 3 of Line of Duty became the most watched drama series broadcast on BBC2 in the multichannel era. Series 4 transferred to BBC One, consisting of six episodes broadcast from 26 March 2017.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
553,
682
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 2014, Line of Duty was named in the Top 50 BBC2 Shows ... |
Bless the Beasts and Children (film) | [
{
"indices": [
39,
54
],
"target": "Barry De Vorzon"
},
{
"indices": [
59,
75
],
"target": "Perry Botkin Jr."
},
{
"indices": [
220,
230
],
"target": "Soap opera"
},
{
"indices": [
231,
257
],
"target": "The ... | p_3188 | The music for the film was composed by Barry De Vorzon and Perry Botkin Jr.. Their score for the movie included an instrumental selection titled "Cotton's Dream", which was later rescored to become the theme song of the soap opera The Young and the Restless; this was produced by Columbia's television division, now Sony Pictures Television. The soundtrack for the film also includes the movie's theme song, performed by The Carpenters. In late July or early August 1976, when ABC's sports summary program Wide World of Sports produced a montage of Romanian gymnast Nadia Comăneci's routines during the 1976 Summer Olympics and used "Cotton's Dream" as the background music, the song gained more popularity and was subsequently released in a re-edited and lengthened form as "Nadia's Theme", a title under which it became best known. (Comăneci herself never performed her floor exercises using this piece of music, however.) De Vorzon and Botkin Jr. also wrote lyrics for "Cotton's Dream" but no vocal version of it was known to have charted .
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 290,
"passage": "the young and the restless",
"start": 276,
"text": "March 26, 1973"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Laxmi Ratan Shukla | [
{
"indices": [
41,
47
],
"target": "Bengal cricket team"
},
{
"indices": [
62,
76
],
"target": "Sourav Ganguly"
},
{
"indices": [
92,
111
],
"target": "Vijay Hazare Trophy"
},
{
"indices": [
154,
163
],
"targ... | p_3189 | He was by far the brightest performer as Bengal (captained by Sourav Ganguly) won its first Vijay Hazare Trophy in 2012. In the group stage match against Jharkhand at Eden Gardens, he scored 151* from 96 balls (16 fours, 8 sixes) to chase down Jharkhand's score of 280/6 in just 38.1 overs. In the next match against Tripura at the Jadavpur University Sports Complex, after being bowled out to only 198 in 49 overs, he took 4/37 (and Sanjib Sanyal took 4/33 from his 8 overs) to bowl out Tripura for just 168 in 37.4 overs. In the quarter final, he took 2/37 against Madhya Pradesh. He took the wicket of Punjab's highest scorer Mandeep Singh (66) in the semifinal. In the final against Mumbai led by Ajit Agarkar, he took 4/38 (including openers Wasim Jaffer and Ajinkya Rahane) to bowl out Mumbai for only 248, and then chased it down with a 107* off 83 ball-partnership with Anustup Majumdar. He scored 106* from 90 balls, and Anustup Majumdar scored 50* from 45 balls to win the Vijay Hazare Trophy with 23 balls to spare.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "40",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
41,
119
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Bengal (captained by Sourav Ganguly) won its first Vij... |
Religion in Rome | [
{
"indices": [
219,
234
],
"target": "Catholic Church"
},
{
"indices": [
243,
255
],
"target": "Capital City"
},
{
"indices": [
263,
275
],
"target": "Papal States"
},
{
"indices": [
451,
472
],
"target": "Ch... | p_3190 | With the increasing chaos and disorder leading to the collapse of the Roman Empire in 476, the popes assumed more and more civil authority first in Rome and in the surrounding territories. Rome became the center of the Catholic Church and the capital city of the Papal States; consequently, a great number of churches, convents and other religious buildings were erected in the city, sometimes above the ruins of older pre-Christian sites of worship. Churches proliferated during the Renaissance, when the Rome's most notable churches were built (this includes St. Peter's basilica on the Vatican Hill (the largest church in the world) and the city cathedral of St. John at the Lateran. The Papacy established its residence first in the Lateran Palace, then in the Quirinal Palace. When Rome was annexed by force to the newly unified Kingdom of Italy In 1870, Pope Pius IX retired to the Vatican, proclaiming himself a prisoner of the Savoy monarchy and leading to decades of conflict between the neonate state and the Catholic Church. This was resolved in 1929, when the Lateran Treaty were signed in Rome, establishing the right for the Holy See to govern the Vatican City as an independent, sovereign state. The patron saints of Rome remain Saint Peter and Saint Paul (or, as they are collectively referred to in this context, "the most holy Saints Peter and Paul"), both celebrated on June 29.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 685,
"passage": "Religion in Rome",
"start": 662,
"text": "St. John at the Lateran"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Kakizaki Hakyo | [
{
"indices": [
27,
42
],
"target": "Matsumae Castle"
},
{
"indices": [
73,
88
],
"target": "Matsumae clan"
},
{
"indices": [
89,
95
],
"target": "Daimyō"
},
{
"indices": [
148,
152
],
"target": "Karō"
},
... | p_3191 | Kakizaki Hakyō was born in Matsumae Castle in 1764, the fifth son of the Matsumae Domain daimyō . The following year he was adopted as successor by karō (chief retainer or house elder) . At a young age he travelled to Edo, where he studied under and Sō Shiseki, learning the style of the Nanpin school. In the aftermath of the Menashi–Kunashir rebellion, he painted the , portraits of twelve Ainu chiefs who had sided with the Matsumae Domain; this series was presented to Emperor Kōkaku. In 1791 he journeyed to Kyōto, where he studied under Maruyama Ōkyo. His style was influenced by his exchanges with the painters and literati of the Maruyama-Shijō school and he became friends with , , and in particular , with whom he hosted a moon-viewing party for , attended also by . From 1807, when the Matsumae clan were transferred to the , based around Yanagawa in Mutsu Province, Kakizaki Hakyō as karō worked for their reinstatement. In 1826, after falling ill in Edo, he died in his home town of Matsumae.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "158",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
50
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Kakizaki Hakyō was born in Matsumae Castle in 1764"
... |
Holly Robinson Peete | [
{
"indices": [
43,
67
],
"target": "Mount Airy, Philadelphia"
},
{
"indices": [
69,
81
],
"target": "Pennsylvania"
},
{
"indices": [
111,
124
],
"target": "Matt Robinson (actor)"
},
{
"indices": [
363,
391
],
... | p_3192 | Peete was born Holly Elizabeth Robinson in Mount Airy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the daughter of Dolores and Matt Robinson (the original Gordon on Sesame Street). Her mother was a school teacher, in public relations, and later a personal talent manager, and her father a producer/writer. She has an older brother named Matthew Thomas Robinson III. She attended Greene Street Friends School in nearby Germantown. In 1974, her family moved to California. Peete graduated from Santa Monica High School in Santa Monica, California, where her classmates included Rob Lowe. Peete graduated from Sarah Lawrence College with a degree in psychology and French. Peete studied abroad for a year at the Sorbonne, and is fluent in French. While there she sang in Paris nightclubs, including a performance with jazz musician Lionel Hampton at the Hotel Meridian Jazz Club.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "126",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
414,
454
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1974, her family moved to California."
},
... |
N Judah | [
{
"indices": [
23,
31
],
"target": "Caltrain"
},
{
"indices": [
45,
56
],
"target": "Mission Bay, San Francisco"
},
{
"indices": [
69,
80
],
"target": "Ocean Beach, San Francisco"
},
{
"indices": [
89,
102
],
... | p_3193 | The line runs from the Caltrain depot in the Mission Bay district to Ocean Beach and the Great Highway in the Sunset District. From the Caltrain depot at Fourth and King Streets, it runs along King Street and the Embarcadero, passing by Oracle Park. It then enters the Market Street Subway, which it shares with the five other Muni Metro lines. It exits the tunnel at Church Street and, after a brief stretch along Duboce Avenue to Duboce Park, enters the older Sunset Tunnel. This tunnel serves to avoid a hill and contains no underground stations. From the western end of the tunnel, the route goes along Carl Street, past UCSF-Parnassus Campus, on Irving Street, until it turns onto 9th Avenue for one block and reaches Judah Street, which the N runs on for the rest of its route. On Judah between 9th Avenue and 19th Avenue the N runs on a right-of-way that is slightly raised above the surrounding street. There is a loop in the intersection at Judah, La Playa and Great Highway that the N uses to turn around.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 3216,
"passage": "market street subway",
"start": 3205,
"text": "K Ingleside"
},
{
"end": 3227,
"passage": "market street subway",
"start": 3218,
"text": "L Tara... |
Artim Položani | [
{
"indices": [
21,
37
],
"target": "Flamurtari Vlorë FC"
},
{
"indices": [
46,
58
],
"target": "Shpëtim Duro"
},
{
"indices": [
249,
267
],
"target": "Albanian Superliga"
},
{
"indices": [
326,
342
],
"target... | p_3194 | On 7 September 2017, Flamurtari Vlorë manager Shpëtim Duro confirmed that Položani is going to play for the club in the 2017–18 season. The transfer was made official five days later, where he was presented and was given squad number 4. He made his Albanian Superliga appearance on 9 September in the opening matchday against Skënderbeu Korçë which finished in a 0–2 away defeat. Položani concluded his first season by playing 31 league games as the team finished in 6th place despite challenging for the title in mid-season. On 5 July 2018, he signed a new contract for the upcoming season. Položani was named team captain in the beginning of February 2019 following the departure of Tomislav Bušić. His first match as the official captain was the 2–1 home defeat to Kukësi; he scored his first Flamurtari goal with a header in the first half which temporarily leveled the figures. In the second half, he scored an overhead kick, which was disallowed in controversial fashion for dangerous play, which lead Albanian media to draw comparisons to the goal Cristiano Ronaldo scored against Juventus in the 2017–18 UEFA Champions League. During the same match, he was also injured during a duel which resulted in him losing two teeth.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
237,
342
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He made his Albanian Superliga appearance on 9 September ... |
Coongie Lakes | [
{
"indices": [
34,
41
],
"target": "Wetland"
},
{
"indices": [
64,
73
],
"target": "Far North (South Australia)"
},
{
"indices": [
84,
99
],
"target": "South Australia"
},
{
"indices": [
156,
176
],
"target":... | p_3195 | The Coongie Lakes is a freshwater wetland system located in the Far North region of South Australia. The lakes system is located approximately north of the Adelaide city centre. The wetlands includes lakes, channels, billabongs, shallow floodplains, deltas, and interdune swamps. It lies on the floodplain of Cooper Creek, an ephemeral river flowing through a desert landscape in the Lake Eyre Basin which rarely, after occasional large floods, empties into Lake Eyre. The wetland system has been recognised both as being of international importance by designation under the Ramsar Convention with a listing on 15 June 1987 and being nationally important within Australia with a listing in A Directory of Important Wetlands in Australia (DIWA). Its extent includes the regional town of Innamincka, the Malkumba-Coongie Lakes National Park, the Innamincka Regional Reserve, the Strzelecki Regional Reserve and the Coongie Lakes Important Bird Area.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
99
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The Coongie Lakes is a freshwater wetland system located in ... |
Second East Turkestan Republic | [
{
"indices": [
10,
30
],
"target": "Operation Barbarossa"
},
{
"indices": [
107,
120
],
"target": "United States"
},
{
"indices": [
126,
138
],
"target": "World War II"
},
{
"indices": [
225,
235
],
"target":... | p_3196 | Following Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941, and the entry of the United States into World War II in December 1941, the Soviet Union became a less attractive patron for Sheng than the Kuomintang. By 1943 Sheng Shicai switched his allegiance to the Kuomintang after major Soviet defeats at the hands of the Germans in World War II, all Soviet Red Army military forces and technicians residing in the province were expelled, and the Republic of China National Revolutionary Army units and soldiers belonging to Ma Bufang moved into Xinjiang to take control of the province. Ma Bufang helped the Kuomintang build roads linking Qinghai and Xinjiang, which helped both of them bring Xinjiang under their influence. At August 1942 Sheng met Dekanozov, former Soviet ambassador to Nazi Germany and Vice Commissar of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the USSR, in Ürümqi and demanded that the Soviet Union withdraw all military forces and political officers from Xinjiang in three months and remove all Soviet equipment from the territory of Soviet Concessions, including closing the Soviet oil fields in Tushangze (Jungaria) and the Soviet Aircraft Manufacturing Plant in Ürümqi. On 29 August 1942, the day after Dekanozov left Ürümqi, Sheng met Madame Chiang Kai-shek, wife of the Chinese Generalissimo, who flew to Ürümqi with a letter from Chiang Kai-shek promising his forgiveness to Sheng for all of his previous deals. Sheng was appointed the head of the Kuomintang branch in Xinjiang in 1943 and allowed Kuomintang cadres into the province. To forge his ties with Kuomintang, on 17 September 1942 Sheng arrested a number of Chinese communists sent to Xinjiang by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 1938 and executed them in 1943. Among the executed was Mao Zemin, brother of Mao Zedong. In the summer of 1944, following the German defeat on the Eastern Front, Sheng attempted to reassert control over Xinjiang and turned to the Soviet Union for support again. He arrested a number of Kuomintang cadres in Ürümqi and sent a letter to Stalin offering to "incorporate Xinjiang into USSR as its 18th Soviet Socialistic Republic." Sheng Shicai asked Stalin for the post of ruler of the new Soviet Republic. Stalin refused to deal with Sheng and forwarded the confidential letter to Chiang Kai-shek. As a result, the Kuomintang removed him from the province in August 1944 and appointed him to a low-level post in the Ministry of Forestry in Chongqing.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "yes",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
766,
894
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Sheng met Dekanozov, former Soviet ambassador to Nazi ... |
Baleen | [
{
"indices": [
16,
23
],
"target": "FOSSIL"
},
{
"indices": [
203,
208
],
"target": "Skull"
},
{
"indices": [
285,
293
],
"target": "Buttress"
},
{
"indices": [
315,
318
],
"target": "Jaw"
},
{
"indic... | p_3197 | The oldest true fossils of baleen are only 15 million years old because baleen rarely fossilizes, and scientists believe it originated considerably earlier than that. This is indicated by baleen-related skull modifications being found in fossils from considerably earlier, including a buttress of bone in the upper jaw beneath the eyes, and loose lower jaw bones at the chin. Baleen is believed to have evolved around 30 million years ago, possibly from a hard, gummy upper jaw, like the one a Dall's porpoise has; it closely resembles baleen at the microscopic level. The initial evolution and radiation of baleen plates is believed to have occurred during Early Oligocene when Antarctica broke off from Gondwana and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current was formed, increasing productivity of ocean environments. This occurred because the current kept warm ocean waters away from the area that is now Antarctica, producing steep gradients in temperature, salinity, light, and nutrients, where the warm water meets the cold.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 3786,
"passage": "dall's porpoise",
"start": 3772,
"text": " 15 – 20 years"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indic... |
Shadows of the Damned | [
{
"indices": [
52,
63
],
"target": "Goichi Suda"
},
{
"indices": [
68,
81
],
"target": "Shinji Mikami"
},
{
"indices": [
98,
111
],
"target": "Resident Evil"
},
{
"indices": [
166,
173
],
"target": "Killer7"
... | p_3198 | The game's history can be traced back to 2005, when Goichi Suda and Shinji Mikami (creator of the Resident Evil series) became good friends while working together on Killer7. Suda wanted to make a survival horror game exclusively for the PlayStation 3. With his first horror title receiving decent sales in Japan by 2006, Suda immediately began working on Kurayami (Japanese for 'Darkness') in his spare time. It was at one time thought to be called "Closer". However, EA later confirmed that name had been abandoned for another title. By the Electronic Entertainment Expo (E3) in 2006, a publisher for Kurayami had not yet been established. In 2008, Suda presented the game's concept to EA Games, who agreed to license the Unreal Engine 3 and to publish the game to a worldwide audience. Shinji Mikami was then invited to executive-produce the project. Suda wanted to announce the game at E3 2009, but was not allowed to do so, due to a media silence agreement between Grasshopper Manufacture and EA Games. That December, Akira Yamaoka (sound designer for the Silent Hill series) left Konami after finishing his work on and joined Grasshopper Manufacture because he enjoyed the latter's game No More Heroes. Yamaoka began work as the sound designer for the game. The game went about five different versions until Electronics Arts approved it. The newly titled Shadows of the Damned was finally unveiled at the Tokyo Game Show in 2010 as an action game.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
174
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The game's history can be traced back to 2005, when Goichi ... |
VEU | [
{
"indices": [
225,
242
],
"target": "Oklahoma City metropolitan area"
},
{
"indices": [
462,
478
],
"target": "African Americans"
},
{
"indices": [
688,
709
],
"target": "Unincorporated area"
},
{
"indices": [
713,
... | p_3199 | The service launched as multichannel television service was beginning to be established in Oklahoma City and surrounding communities, with several cable providers and an MMDS operation having already commenced service in the metropolitan area. Cox Cable and Pan Oklahoma Communications were in the process of wiring the Oklahoma City core. (When the two providers commenced operations in April 1980, Cox serviced the western half of the city and Pan Oklahoma—an African American-owned buildout venture that was majority owned by Cox, which would acquire the company outright in December 1983—provided service to northeastern Oklahoma City, from Western Avenue eastward, and the bordering unincorporated suburb of Forest Park.) MMDS service was also provided throughout the city via the single-channel TVQ/Movie Systems, Inc., which began operations in October 1978, providing programming from HBO, Superstation WTBS and supplementary content from eventual KAUT sister station WGN-TV/Chicago (consisting of Chicago Cubs Major League Baseball games) and Nickelodeon (from which TVQ provided additional children's programming until June 1981). Multimedia Cablevision also began providing service to select suburbs and adjacent areas of Oklahoma City as early as 1972 (eventually including among others, Bethany, Edmond, Guthrie, Del City, Choctaw, Harrah, Moore, Nichols Hills, Norman and Yukon), except for Midwest City, which—in areas outside of the Multimedia-serviced Tinker Air Force Base—was served by American Cablevision (which had began operations in 1979, and would be absorbed into Multimedia's Central Oklahoma operations in May 1984). These suburban services were also in the process of expanding their lineup of cable-originated channel offerings.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 982,
"passage": "VEU",
"start": 975,
"text": " WGN-TV"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
728,... |
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