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Malaysia–Vietnam relations | [
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"target": "N... | p_3300 | Relations with the former state of South Vietnam were established when South Vietnam recognised the Federation of Malaya's independence on 1957. From that point, Malaya provided aid to the South Vietnamese regime in its fight against the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese army. Malayan Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman made a first visit on 1958 which was reciprocated twice by the South Vietnamese President Ngô Đình Diệm on 28–31 January 1958 and in October 1961. By 1963, when Malaya transformed into Malaysia (with an additional territory in the island of Borneo), the main government in Kuala Lumpur worried the influence of North Vietnamese communists would threaten its existence in accordance to the Domino theory, thus changing its position to become very supportive of the American involvement in the Vietnam War as Malaysia had also experienced a communist insurgency of its own. Tunku Abdul Rahman then expressed these concerns in December 1966 and called on the United States and the United Kingdom to provide increased logistical support to war efforts in Vietnam. Malaysia hosted training courses in public administration and jungle warfare for government officials, and provided motorcycles to bolster the South Vietnamese police and military logistical capabilities. Towards the end of the Vietnam War in 1975, Malaysia closed its embassy in Saigon in two stages; first it withdrew the embassy dependants on 12 April 1975, before a complete closure 16 days later—two days before the fall of Saigon. Malaysia had also extended recognition to the short-lived Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam within days of its formation in May 1975, citing Malaysia's impartial position on political ideology and social system.
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"text": "Malayan Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman made a firs... |
William Anstruther-Gray (St Andrews MP) | [
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... | p_3301 | He joined the Militia's Fife Artillery as a Sub-Lieutenant (Supernumerary) on 16 December 1876. He served for four years until he joined the 13th Hussars as a second lieutenant in 1880, served in India and Afghanistan in 1880-1881 and was promoted to lieutenant on 1 July 1881, before transferring to the Royal Horse Guards in 1885. He was Aide-de-Camp to the Earl of Kintore, Governor of South Australia, from 1889-1891, was promoted to captain on 30 December 1893, and to major on 1 May 1897. He served in South Africa from 1901-1902 where he was commandant of the district of Knysna in 1901, and Inspector of Concentration Camps in Transvaal in 1902. Following the end of the war in June 1902, he returned to the United Kingdom in the SS Dunottar Castle, which arrived at Southampton in July 1902. He later commanded 3rd Line Group, Scottish Horse during World War I.
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Rabbids Go Home | [
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"target": "Rayman Raving... | p_3302 | The Wii version of Rabbids Go Home received generally favorable reviews from critics. Pedro Hernandez of Nintendo World Report praised the game's "inventive" uses for the Wii Remote, "easy-to-get-into" gameplay, "deep" Rabbid customization modes, "great" soundtrack and "incredible" sense of humor, but noted the redundancy of the gameplay and inconsistent framerate as weak points. NGamer UK concluded that "the Rabbids can pull off a fully fledged game without Rayman's assistance. This is witty, charming and, above all, incredible fun." GamesMaster UK described the game as "witty, energetic and hugely entertaining, even if it isn't particularly smart." Matt Casamassina of IGN stated that the game was "far more inspired and ambitious" than Rayman Raving Rabbids and said that the title "at times feels like an action romp and at times a platformer on wheels, but regardless of the scenario, you'll be having fun and smiling if not laughing." Chris Scullion of Official Nintendo Magazine UK considered Rabbids Go Home to be "the funniest game on the Wii" and commented positively on the "tight" controls and "fantastic" soundtrack, but stated that the game was too easy. Aceinet of GameZone praised the game's humor and "ever-changing" gameplay, concluding with a reminder that "games are supposed to be fun and Rabbids Go Home is a fun-filled experience that shouldn’t be missed regardless of the score." Aaron Koehn of GamePro pointed out that the game draws its strength from its odd tone, but added that the simplicity of the gameplay becomes tiresome. Dan Pearson of Eurogamer noted that the "constant enthusiasm" of the Rabbids can be "draining" to some and said that the game wasn't for hardcore gaming enthusiasts. Annette Gonzalez of Game Informer said that the animations were "laugh-out-loud", but some of the gameplay sequences were "repetitive". Matt Leone of 1UP.com remarked that the licensed soundtrack and customization features added enough personality to make the game worth playing. Nintendo Power concluded that while the game had "difficulty issues", it was "a definite step in the right direction for the Rabbids, and I hope to see them continue this way." Tom McShea of GameSpot commented positively on the character creator, unlockable content and cutscenes, but said that the early levels were too easy and simple and the game became repetitive.
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141... |
Go:Audio | [
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"target": "Kerrang! Radio"
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"target": "U... | p_3303 | Formed in 2006, Go:Audio signed to Epic Records in May 2007. Their promotional single, Woodchuck, was released to many radio and music television stations in late January the following year to promote the 4-track Woodchuck EP. It received heavy rotation, most notably from Kerrang! 105.2 which helped make the accompanying music video one of the most played on YouTube in the United Kingdom that month. The band's first official single, "Made Up Stories" was released on 26 May 2008 and the video, in which a hand-picked group of fans participated, was frequently shown on Kerrang!, Scuzz and Fizz TV (now known as Starz TV). Following the single's release the band announce via their MySpace page that their debut album would carry the same title. Recording for the album took place in Sussex, England and was completed by early June 2008 for a 25 August release. The album was leaked in late June 2008, and a decision was made to delay the release date until 19 January 2009. The second single from Made Up Stories was "She Left Me", released on August 11, the first day of their UK headline tour. The band debuted an acoustic version of the track on 6 August on Rocklouder.co.uk. "She Left Me" just missed on reaching the UK Top 40, peaking at No. 41.
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John Braham (RAF officer) | [
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"target": "No. 12 ... | p_3304 | By August 1940 the Battle of Britain was intensifying. Most of the battles thus far were in daylight, leaving night-fighter crews frustrated. Now based at RAF Digby in Lincolnshire and operating from the satellite airfield at Wellingore the unit formed part of No. 12 Group RAF defending British air space north of London. On the night of 24 August 1940 Braham took off and patrolled the Humberside area. The Blenheim was piloted by Braham, and contained air gunner Sergeant Wilsdon and aircraftman and trained radar operator N. Jacobson. Braham was directed to an aircraft held in searchlights but he closed too fast and overshot. His gunner succeeded in damaging the aircraft sufficiently and a searchlight crew saw it crash into the sea. It was identified as a Heinkel He 111. Braham's only other interaction with the enemy occurred at Ternhill, when a Junkers Ju 88 dropped bombs on the airfield destroying 13 Avro Ansons and damaged 20 more. Braham survived the attack uninjured.
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Helmut Kohl | [
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... | p_3305 | As Chancellor Kohl was strongly committed to European integration and French–German cooperation in particular; he was also a steadfast ally of the United States and supported Reagan's more aggressive policies in order to weaken the Soviet Union. Kohl's 16-year tenure was the longest of any German Chancellor since Otto von Bismarck. He oversaw the end of the Cold War and the German reunification, for which he is generally known as Chancellor of Unity. Together with French President François Mitterrand, Kohl was the architect of the Maastricht Treaty, which established the European Union (EU) and the euro currency. Kohl was also a central figure in the eastern enlargement of the European Union, and his government led the effort to push for international recognition of Croatia, Slovenia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina when the states declared independence. He played an instrumental role in solving the Bosnian War. Domestically, Kohl's policies focused on economic reforms and later also on the process of integrating the former East Germany into the reunited Germany, and he moved the federal capital from the "provisional capital" Bonn back to Berlin, although he himself never resided there because the government offices were only relocated in 1999. Kohl also greatly increased federal spending on arts and culture. After his chancellorship, Kohl's reputation suffered domestically because of his role in the CDU donations scandal and he had to resign from his honorary chairmanship of the CDU after little more than a year in January 2000, but he was partly rehabilitated in later years. The later Chancellor Angela Merkel started her political career as Kohl's protegée.
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Sarah Vaughan | [
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"target": "A Time in My Life"
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"target": "B... | p_3306 | In 1971, Bob Shad, who had worked with her as producer at Mercury, asked her to record for his label, Mainstream, which he had founded after leaving Mercury. Breaking a four-year hiatus, Vaughan signed a contract with Mainstream and returned to the studio for A Time in My Life, a step away from jazz into pop music with songs by Bob Dylan, John Lennon, and Marvin Gaye arranged by Ernie Wilkins. She didn't complain about this eclectic change in direction, but she chose the material for her next album after admiring the work of Michel Legrand. He conducted an orchestra of over one hundred musicians for Sarah Vaughan with Michel Legrand, an album of compositions by Legrand with lyrics by Alan and Marilyn Bergman. The songs brought some of the musicians to tears during the sessions. But Shad wanted a hit, and the album yielded none. She sang a version of the pop hit "Rainy Days and Mondays" by the Carpenters for Feelin' Good. This was followed by Live in Japan, her first live album since 1963. Sarah Vaughan and the Jimmy Rowles Quintet (1974) was more experimental, containing free improvisation and some unconventional scatting.
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There's No Place Like Home (Lost) | [
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"target":... | p_3307 | Patrick Kevin Day of the Los Angeles Times praised Michael Giacchino's musical score, writing that "I'm reminded of the heights of emotion this series can evoke." Jarett Wieselman of the New York Post thought that the finale's split and two-week break was "not cool", but asked "how brilliant was Sun's smackdown on her bad daddy?". Alan Sepinwall of The Star-Ledger wrote that "when Lost is at its best … it manages to balance revelations … with great character moments. I don't know that I'd put this one in the pantheon (again, a lot of it was set-up for … [Parts 2 & 3]), but it was definitely in the spirit of what I love about the show." Kristin dos Santos of E! praised the chemistry between Naveen Andrews and Andrea Gabriel, who play Sayid and Nadia, respectively. Chris Carabott of IGN gave Part 1 of the three-hour finale a 7.9. He commended the music and called it "a good opening to what should be an exciting season finale"; however, the lack of suspense in favor of set-up was cited as the reason for the modest rating. However, Carabott gave Parts 2 & 3 a perfect 10 review, tying with other perfect-10 episodes such as "The Constant" and "Through the Looking Glass". He stated that "Not a moment is wasted in this brilliantly paced and well-executed conclusion to what has been a fantastic season." Dan Compora of SyFy Portal called "Part 1" "an excellent setup episode [with] fast pace, important revelations, and nearly a full utilization of the cast". Compora decided that "certain characters work much better in very small doses … a little bit of [Hurley] goes a long way [and] it was nice to see Jack featured without completely dominating an episode." Oscar Dahl of BuddyTV summed up Part 1 as "very good", but said that the opening flashforward in which the Oceanic Six are reunited with their families was anticlimactic and "although each flashforward scene had minor and major revelations, it felt patched together and a little sloppy, like Lindelof and Cuse had all this ground to cover in their quest to link all the action up to the final scene of season 3 … That said, the flashforward scenes all played out exceedingly well." Daniel of TMZ welcomed the return of Richard (on the island) and gave the episode an "A", saying that it had "more than a few fantastic scenes. All the flashforward scenes tonight were right on the money as far as I was concerned." Jay Glatfelter of The Huffington Post "really liked this episode" and concluded that it "definitely showcased the new breath of life the fourth season gave to the show."
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Nandamuri Harikrishna | [
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... | p_3308 | Harikrishna made his acting debut in 1964 as a child artist in Sri Krishnavataram, in which he played Krishna. It was directed by Kamalakara Kameshwara Rao. He then starred in Thalla? Pellama? (1970), which was followed by Tatamma Kala (1974), Ram Raheem (1974) and Daana Veera Shura Karna (1977). After long years of sabbatical, and political stint he then started as a Character actor in works such as Sri Ramulayya (1998), followed by a full length role alongside Nagarjuna in Seetharama Raju (1999), Lahiri Lahiri Lahirilo (2002) and Seetayya (2003). In 2002, he received Nandi Award for Best Character Actor for his work in Lahiri Lahiri Lahirilo. Harikrishna died in a crash on 29 August 2018 at age 61. He served as the member of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly during 1996-1999. He became a Cabinet Minister for Road Transport in 1996. In 2008, he was a candidate of the Telugu Desam Party and was elected to Rajya Sabha.
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... |
Tennessee State Route 87 | [
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"target... | p_3309 | SR 87 begins on the banks of the Mississippi River in Lauderdale County, just north of the mouth of the Hatchie River. The highway then passes through the community of Fulton, where it has an intersection with SR 207, which provides access to Fort Pillow State Park. SR 87 continues east through wooded areas and passes by the West Tennessee State Penitentiary before coming to the community of Cherry, where it has its first intersection with SR 371. The highway then goes east through farmland and has another intersection with SR 371 before coming to an intersection with US 51/SR 3 and entering the town of Henning. SR 87 enters downtown along Graves Avenue before having a short concurrency with SR 209 (Main Street). SR 87 then leaves Henning along Mc Farland Avenue and passes just south of Durhamville before continuing east and crossing into Haywood County.
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Simon Hackney | [
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... | p_3310 | Hackney impressed on his trial, from non-league Woodley Sports scoring two goals in two games for the reserves, he signed for Carlisle United in February 2005. He made his debut for Carlisle as a substitute in Carlisle's 3–0 win away at Canvey Island he only made one more appearance for the season again as a sub in a loss against Forest Green Rovers. At the end of the season Carlisle were promoted to League Two, in the 2005–06 season he made many more appearances for Carlisle although most of them came after being brought into the game as a sub. He also scored his first professional goal in Carlisle's 5–0 win against Rushden & Diamonds he also scored a second goal in this game, these were 2 of the 6 goals he scored in his 30 league appearances this season that made him a key part of the promotion winning team. After helping Carlisle to gain their second successive promotion up to League One. During Carlisle's first season in league one Hackney was only able to make 18 appearances this was due to him picking up a serious injury to his knee cartilage in December, however in these 18 games he did manage to score two goals. Hackney managed to recover from his knee injury in time for the 2007–08 season which enabled him to make himself a key part of the team which led to him making 45 league appearances for the club scoring eight times including a vital goal to help Carlisle end Leeds United's undefeated start to the season and help them defeat Leeds 3–1. During the first half of the 2008–09 season he made 22 appearances for Carlisle but only managed to score one goal against Crewe Alexandra, however towards the middle of the season his form dropped slightly and Jeff Smith took his place in the starting line up. Colchester United made two enquires which were both rejected after one reportedly being £25,000 being called 'a mickey take', then Colchester came back with an improved 'six-figure' offer which Carlisle accepted on 26 January. During his time at Carlisle, Hackney made over 100 appearances for the club, helped them gain successive promotions and became a huge favourite with the fans.
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Operation Mosaic | [
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"target": "Quebec Ag... | p_3311 | During the early part of the Second World War, Britain had a nuclear weapons project, code-named Tube Alloys, which the 1943 Quebec Agreement merged with the American Manhattan Project to create a combined American, British, and Canadian project. The British government expected that the United States would continue to share nuclear technology, which it regarded as a joint discovery, but the United States Atomic Energy Act of 1946 (McMahon Act) ended technical co-operation. Fearing a resurgence of United States isolationism, and Britain losing its great power status, the British government restarted its own development effort, which was given the cover name "High Explosive Research". The first British atomic bomb was tested in Operation Hurricane at the Monte Bello Islands in Western Australia on 3 October 1952.
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Eduardo Romero | [
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"target":... | p_3312 | Romero first played on the European Tour in 1985 and was a full member from 1988 to 2005. He has 8 tournament victories and seven top twenty placings on the Order of Merit. In 2002 he became the third oldest winner on the European Tour (behind Des Smyth and Neil Coles) when he won the Scottish Open just three days before his 48th birthday. Romero came fifth on the Order of Merit for 2002. Romero turned fifty in 2004, and just a few days later he finished in a tie for second at his first senior tournament, the Senior British Open. In 2005 he won his first senior title at the European Seniors Tour's Travis Perkins Senior Masters, and he won the Wentworth Senior Masters in both 2005 and 2006. In 2006, he lost in a playoff against Loren Roberts for the Senior British Open Championship and won a playoff against Lonnie Nielsen for the JELD-WEN Tradition for his first Champions Tour win and major. He was the Champions Tour's 2006 Rookie of the Year. He won the U.S. Senior Open, his second major, at The Broadmoor in Colorado Springs in 2008.
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Nicki Minaj | [
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"target": "Till the Wo... | p_3313 | Minaj was one of the opening acts on Britney Spears' 2011 Femme Fatale Tour. She and Kesha appeared on the remix of Spears' "Till the World Ends", which peaked at number-three on the Billboard Hot 100. On August 7, 2011, Nicki experienced a "nip slip" during a live performance on Good Morning America. Minaj was criticized for wearing the low-cut shirt during her performance which led to the brief exposure of her breast on a live telecast. ABC apologized for incident. Minaj, while interviewed on ABC's Nightline show, apologized for the incident and denied that she intentionally sought to expose herself on live television as a publicity stunt. The incident attracted protest from the Parents Television Council. Despite this, Minaj continued to perform at high-profile events throughout 2011; Donatella Versace invited her to perform with Prince for the introduction of a Versace collection for H&M, and she performed "Super Bass" at the 2011 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show.
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Luke Wall | [
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"ta... | p_3314 | Wall was born in Liverpool and started his career with Blackburn Rovers as a youth player joining at under-14 level. In the summer of 2015 he signed his first professional contract after completing his scholarship with the academy. In November 2015, he joined Northern Premier League Premier Division side Skelmersdale United on a one-month youth loan. In the summer of 2016 he was released by Blackburn and joined League Two side Accrington Stanley on a one-year contract following a trial. He was recommended to the club by former Blackburn teammate and Accrington player John O'Sullivan. He made his first team debut for the club in August 2016 as a second-half substitute for Sean McConville in the 3–0 defeat to Crewe Alexandra in an EFL Trophy group-stage match. After struggling to break through into the match-day squad, he returned to Skelmersdale for a second loan spell in September 2016. In February 2017, he was sent out on loan again, joining Northern Premier League Division One North side Clitheroe on a short-term deal. He made a total of seven appearances in all competitions during the loan spell, scoring twice in a 4–3 away win over Ramsbottom United. In March 2017, he was on the move again joining Northern Premier League Premier Division side Marine on loan until the end of the season.
| [
{
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
116
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Wall was born in Liverpool and started his career with Blac... |
James Powderly | [
{
"indices": [
104,
113
],
"target": "Evan Roth"
},
{
"indices": [
130,
151
],
"target": "Graffiti Research Lab"
},
{
"indices": [
181,
192
],
"target": "Open-source model"
},
{
"indices": [
243,
255
],
"targ... | p_3315 | In 2005, Powderly became a Research and Development Fellow at Eyebeam where he began collaborating with Evan Roth. Working as the Graffiti Research Lab, Roth and Powderly developed open source tools for graffiti writers and activists, such as LED Throwies and L.A.S.E.R. Tag. Together, they also founded the Free Art and Technology Lab (F.A.T. Lab). Most recently, Powderly has won awards for his work on the EyeWriter project, including the 2009 Design of the Year in Interactive Art from the Design Museum, London, the 2010 Prix Ars Electronica, the 2010 FutureEverything Award and featured on NPR and TED. Several of Powderly' works are in the permanent collection of the Museum of Modern Art. Powderly was a professor at Hongik University in the Visual Communication Design Department in Seoul, South Korea, before moving to Fort Lauderdale, Florida, to work for the augmented reality company Magic Leap.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 3194,
"passage": "led art",
"start": 3182,
"text": "LED throwies"
}
],
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Montreal Forum | [
{
"indices": [
102,
114
],
"target": "Dallas Stars"
},
{
"indices": [
146,
149
],
"target": "The Sports Network"
},
{
"indices": [
154,
157
],
"target": "V (TV network)"
},
{
"indices": [
176,
181
],
"target"... | p_3316 | On March 11, 1996, the Montreal Canadiens played their last game at the Montreal Forum, defeating the Dallas Stars 4-1. The game was televised on TSN and TQS in Canada, and on ESPN2 in the United States. The Stars' Guy Carbonneau, who had captained the Canadiens from 1989 to 1994 (including their 1993 Cup win), took the ceremonial opening faceoff. After the game, many previous hockey greats were presented to the crowd, most notably Maurice Richard (said to be the Canadiens' most beloved player of all time), who received a sixteen-minute standing ovation from the crowd as he broke down in tears. A symbolic torch—representative of a line quoted from the poem In Flanders Fields, "To you from failing hands we throw the torch; be yours to hold it high," displayed in the Forum's home dressing room—was carried by Emile Bouchard out of the Canadiens dressing room to the playing surface. The flaming torch was passed on to each of the former Canadiens captains (Jean Beliveau, Yvan Cournoyer, Henri Richard, Serge Savard, Bob Gainey, and Carbonneau), and finally to the then-current captain Pierre Turgeon. The next day, a parade was organized in which the torch was carried down the route to the Molson Centre (which has since been renamed the Bell Centre). Their first game at the new venue was against the New York Rangers, a game which the Canadiens won.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
119
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "On March 11, 1996, the Montreal Canadiens played their last... |
Chilean Navy | [
{
"indices": [
110,
132
],
"target": "Chilean Civil War of 1891"
},
{
"indices": [
267,
279
],
"target": "Chilean Army"
},
{
"indices": [
298,
319
],
"target": "José Manuel Balmaceda"
},
{
"indices": [
400,
411
]... | p_3317 | A new pre-dreadnought battleship, , was ordered under the new construction program in 1889. The advent of the 1891 Chilean Civil War saw a breach between the two branches of the Chilean Armed forces, while the bulk of navy sided the congress side the majority of the Chilean Army remained loyal to José Manuel Balmaceda. When the majority of the national congress broke relations with the government Jorge Montt took control of the fleet at Valparaíso and with notable politicians, like Ramón Barros Luco, on board the fleet sailed north to the nitrate-rich Tarapacá area which Chile had seized from Peru ten years earlier. Tarapacá was by that time Chile's richest region in terms of natural resources and was without the fleet practically out of reach for the Chilean Army. From here the navy organized an army made of nitrate miners which they armed and trained to face the 40,000-men strong Army of Chile. In August 1891 the new army was disembarked in Quintero and defeated the Chilean Army at the Battle of Concón and the Battle of Placilla before the presidential faction disbanded and the congressional side took power. On the elections of October 1891 Jorge Montt was elected president.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 62,
"passage": "jorge montt",
"start": 48,
"text": "April 26, 1845"
}
],
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
William Thomas Clark | [
{
"indices": [
47,
57
],
"target": "Lieutenant"
},
{
"indices": [
78,
105
],
"target": "13th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment"
},
{
"indices": [
124,
140
],
"target": "Battle of Shiloh"
},
{
"indices": [
145,
152
... | p_3318 | At the beginning of the Civil War, he became a lieutenant and adjutant of the 13th Iowa Infantry Regiment. He fought at the battle of Shiloh and Corinth. He served as assistant adjutant general in the XVII Corps during the siege of Vicksburg and assistant adjutant general to the Army of the Tennessee during the Atlanta Campaign. He was made a brevet brigadier general for service in the Atlanta Campaign and was assigned to an infantry brigade in the XV Corps during the Carolinas Campaign, but was only lightly engaged in fighting. He rose to the full rank of brigadier general of volunteers (1865), and was made a brevet major general at the close of the same year for gallant and meritorious services during the war.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "days",
"answer_value": "22",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
107,
152
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He fought at the battle of Shiloh and Corinth"
}... |
Political positions of Paul Ryan | [
{
"indices": [
30,
43
],
"target": "Capital gain"
},
{
"indices": [
79,
89
],
"target": "Inheritance tax"
},
{
"indices": [
99,
122
],
"target": "Alternative minimum tax"
},
{
"indices": [
152,
174
],
"target... | p_3319 | Ryan supports eliminating the capital gains tax, the corporate income tax, the estate tax, and the Alternative Minimum Tax. In 1999, Ryan supported the Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act, which repealed some financial regulation of banks from the Glass–Steagall Act of 1933. During the economic recovery from the Great Recession of the late 2000s, Ryan supported the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), which authorized the Treasury to purchase toxic assets from banks and other financial institutions, and the auto industry bailout; Ryan opposed the Credit CARD Act of 2009, which expanded consumer protections regarding credit card plans, and the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, which strengthened financial regulation.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
133,
261
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Ryan supported the Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act, which repealed... |
Markos Palaiologos Iagaris | [
{
"indices": [
20,
34
],
"target": "Constantinople"
},
{
"indices": [
144,
153
],
"target": "Republic of Venice"
},
{
"indices": [
161,
166
],
"target": "Morea"
},
{
"indices": [
217,
238
],
"target": "John V... | p_3320 | He first appears in Constantinople in 1401, qualified as an oikeios of the emperor. In 1417 he was possibly sent on a diplomatic mission to the Venetians in the Morea. In 1422 and again in 1429 he was sent by Emperor John VIII Palaiologos as an envoy to the Ottoman Sultan Murad II. At the time he had the relatively lowly rank of protovestiarites, but was quickly promoted to protostrator and then to the senior rank of megas stratopedarches, which he held already during his mission in 1430 to Pope Martin V. During his return from the mission to the Pope, on orders from the Emperor, he raised Thomas Palaiologos to the rank of Despot in the Morea. He led two more missions abroad, one in 1433 to Pope Eugene IV, and one in 1438 to Venice.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 303,
"passage": "constantinople",
"start": 297,
"text": "Turkey"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
1948 United States presidential election | [
{
"indices": [
70,
91
],
"target": "Franklin D. Roosevelt"
},
{
"indices": [
187,
222
],
"target": "1948 Democratic National Convention"
},
{
"indices": [
335,
346
],
"target": "Third party (United States)"
},
{
"indices": [
... | p_3321 | Truman had acceded to the presidency in April 1945 after the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Defeating attempts to drop him from the ticket, Truman won the presidential nomination at the 1948 Democratic National Convention. The Democratic convention's civil rights plank caused a walk-out by several Southern delegates, who launched a third-party "Dixiecrat" ticket led by Governor Strom Thurmond of South Carolina. The Dixiecrats hoped to win enough electoral votes to force a contingent election in the House of Representatives, where they could extract concessions from either Dewey or Truman in exchange for their support. Truman also faced a challenge from the left in the form of former Vice President Henry A. Wallace, who launched the Progressive Party and challenged Truman's confrontational Cold War policies. Dewey, who was the leader of his party's moderate eastern wing and had been the 1944 Republican presidential nominee, defeated Senator Robert A. Taft and other challengers at the 1948 Republican National Convention.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "63",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
92
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Truman had acceded to the presidency in April 1945 after... |
Watershed management | [
{
"indices": [
8,
25
],
"target": "World Water Forum"
},
{
"indices": [
38,
43
],
"target": "The Hague"
},
{
"indices": [
101,
113
],
"target": "Multilateralism"
},
{
"indices": [
222,
232
],
"target": "Gover... | p_3322 | The 2nd World Water Forum held in The Hague in March 2000 raised some controversies that exposed the multilateral nature and imbalance the demand and supply management of freshwater. While donor organizations, private and government institutions backed by the World Bank, believe that freshwater should be governed as an economic good by appropriate pricing, NGOs however, held that freshwater resources should be seen as a social good. The concept of network governance where all stakeholders form partnerships and voluntarily share ideas towards forging a common vision can be used to resolve this clash of opinion in freshwater management. Also, the implementation of any common vision presents a new role for NGOs because of their unique capabilities in local community coordination, thus making them a valuable partner in network governance.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 186,
"passage": "world water forum",
"start": 168,
"text": " every three years"
}
],
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"i... |
Mat McBriar | [
{
"indices": [
3,
7
],
"target": "2009 NFL season"
},
{
"indices": [
57,
65
],
"target": "Red zone (gridiron football)"
},
{
"indices": [
88,
91
],
"target": "National Football League"
},
{
"indices": [
168,
180
... | p_3323 | In 2009, he had a team record 38 punts downed inside the red zone, ranking third in the NFL and sixth all-time in a single season in league history. With the injury of Brad Johnson that same year, he took up holding duties for the Cowboys on field goals and extra point attempts. However, after several missed field goals, holding duties were handed over to Tony Romo in the 13th game versus the San Diego Chargers. McBriar resumed his role as the team's holder during the 2010 season, in which he also was named to his second Pro Bowl, after leading the NFL in both gross punting average (47.9 yards) and net average (41.7). He also had 22 punts downed inside the red zone, with eight touchbacks.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "rings",
"answer_value": "2",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
149,
222
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "With the injury of Brad Johnson that same year, he too... |
Port wine | [
{
"indices": [
124,
158
],
"target": "Mutage"
},
{
"indices": [
191,
203
],
"target": "Fermentation in winemaking"
},
{
"indices": [
258,
273
],
"target": "Alcohol"
},
{
"indices": [
328,
334
],
"target": "Br... | p_3324 | Port is produced from grapes grown and processed in the demarcated Douro region. The wine produced is then fortified by the addition of a neutral grape spirit known as aguardente to stop the fermentation, leaving residual sugar in the wine, and to boost the alcohol content. The fortification spirit is sometimes referred to as brandy but it bears little resemblance to commercial brandies. The wine is then stored and aged, often in barrels stored in a Lodge (meaning "cellar") as is the case in Vila Nova de Gaia, before being bottled. The wine received its name, "port", in the later half of the 17th century from the seaport city of Porto at the mouth of the Douro River, where much of the product was brought to market or for export to other countries in Europe. The Douro valley where port wine is produced was defined and established as a protected region, and the name Douro thus an official appellation, in 1756, making it the third oldest, after Chianti (1716) and Tokaj (1730).
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 266,
"passage": "barrel",
"start": 256,
"text": "common oak"
},
{
"end": 295,
"passage": "barrel",
"start": 286,
"text": "white oak"
},
{
... |
Douglas John Fisher | [
{
"indices": [
19,
45
],
"target": "Valley Stream, New York"
},
{
"indices": [
63,
77
],
"target": "Catholic Church"
},
{
"indices": [
121,
141
],
"target": "St. John's University (New York City)"
},
{
"indices": [
166,
... | p_3325 | Fisher was born in Valley Stream, Long Island and grew up as a Roman Catholic. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts from St John’s University. He also studied at the Immaculate Conception Seminary School of Theology where he earned a Master of Divinity, after which he was ordained priest for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Rockville Centre in 1980. Later, he earned a Doctor of Ministry from Episcopal Divinity School. In 1984, Fisher left the Roman Catholic priesthood and married Elizabeth Fisher. In 1997, he joined the Episcopal Church and was received as an Episcopal priest. He served as rector of Holy Innocents Church in Highland Falls, New York, chaplain to United States Military Academy at West Point and chair of the standing committee for the diocese of New York. In 2000 he became rector of Grace Church in Millbrook, New York where he remained till 2012 when he was elected Bishop of Western Massachusetts on June 2. He was consecrated on December 1, 2012 by Presiding Bishop Katharine Jefferts Schori.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 128,
"passage": "st. john's university (new york city)",
"start": 115,
"text": "New York City"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
... |
Eino Kaila | [
{
"indices": [
23,
31
],
"target": "Alajärvi"
},
{
"indices": [
58,
69
],
"target": "Erkki Kaila"
},
{
"indices": [
76,
86
],
"target": "Protestantism"
},
{
"indices": [
87,
95
],
"target": "Minister (Christi... | p_3326 | Eino Kaila was born in Alajärvi, Finland. Kaila's father, Erkki Kaila was a Protestant minister and later archbishop. He graduated from the University of Helsinki in 1910. In the 1920s he worked in the field of literary criticism and psychology as a professor at the University of Turku and is said to have been the first to introduce gestalt psychology to Finland. He was a part of the cultural circles of the time with the likes of Jean Sibelius and Frans Eemil Sillanpää. In 1916 he married the painter Anna Lovisa Snellman, who was granddaughter of Johan Vilhelm Snellman. He had University positions as lecturer in Helsinki and professor in Turku, and in 1930 he was appointed professor of theoretical philosophy at the University of Helsinki. In the 1930s, Kaila was closely associated with the Vienna Circle.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
70,
117
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "was a Protestant minister and later archbishop."
}
... |
Georgy Lvov | [
{
"indices": [
0,
11
],
"target": "Lvov princely family"
},
{
"indices": [
24,
31
],
"target": "Dresden"
},
{
"indices": [
75,
88
],
"target": "Rurik dynasty"
},
{
"indices": [
100,
109
],
"target": "Yaroslav... | p_3327 | Prince Lvov was born in Dresden, Germany, and descended from the sovereign Rurik dynasty princes of Yaroslavl. His family moved home to Popovka in the Aleksin district of Tula Governorate from Germany soon after his birth. He graduated from the University of Moscow with a degree in law, then worked in the civil service until 1893. During the Russo-Japanese War he organized relief work in the East and in 1905 joined the liberal Constitutional Democratic Party. A year later he won election to the First Duma, and was nominated for a ministerial position. He became chairman of the All-Russian Union of Zemstvos in 1914, and in 1915 he became a leader of the Union of Zemstvos as well as a member of Zemgor, a joint committee of the Union of Zemstvos and the Union of Towns that helped supply the military and tend to the wounded from World War I. In December 1916, after Prince Lvov's tirades at the Congress of Zemstvos, the Voluntary Organisations would allow no one to work for the government unless their collaboration were purchased by political concessions.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
41
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Prince Lvov was born in Dresden, Germany,"
}
],
... |
Frank Wheaton | [
{
"indices": [
59,
75
],
"target": "Ulysses S. Grant"
},
{
"indices": [
78,
95
],
"target": "Overland Campaign"
},
{
"indices": [
138,
157
],
"target": "Siege of Petersburg"
},
{
"indices": [
192,
208
],
"tar... | p_3328 | Wheaton remained in command of the brigade during Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's Overland Campaign in 1864, as well as during the subsequent Siege of Petersburg. His men were hurried by train to Washington, D.C., in time to help repel Jubal Early's raid on the capital. During the ensuing operations in the Shenandoah Valley, under Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan, Wheaton was promoted to command of the first division after Brig. Gen. David Allen Russell was killed at the Third Battle of Winchester. His division fought well in subsequent battles. In the Battle of Sailors Creek Virginia, on April 6, 1865, his division captured Confederate Major General George Washington Custis Lee, son of Robert E. Lee. After the return of VI Corps to the Petersburg front, Wheaton earned the brevet rank of major general in the volunteer army and was brevetted colonel in the regular services.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 190,
"passage": "overland campaign",
"start": 186,
"text": "1864"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Chris Paul | [
{
"indices": [
11,
34
],
"target": "McDonald's All-American Game"
},
{
"indices": [
63,
85
],
"target": "Wake Forest University"
},
{
"indices": [
103,
121
],
"target": "College basketball"
},
{
"indices": [
143,
156... | p_3329 | Paul was a McDonald's All-American in high school. He attended Wake Forest University for two years of college basketball, where he helped the Demon Deacons achieve their first-ever number one ranking. He was selected fourth overall in the 2005 NBA draft by the New Orleans Hornets, where he developed into one of the league's premier players, finishing second in NBA Most Valuable Player Award voting in 2008. During the 2011 offseason, Paul was traded to the Los Angeles Lakers, only for the transaction to be controversially voided by the NBA. Later that summer, he was dealt to the Los Angeles Clippers instead. Behind Paul's playmaking, the Clippers developed a reputation for their fast-paced offense and spectacular alley-oop dunks, earning them the nickname "Lob City". In 2017, he was traded to the Houston Rockets, and helped the team win a franchise-record 65 games in his debut season. He was traded to the Oklahoma City Thunder for Russell Westbrook on July 16, 2019.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
344,
410
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "finishing second in NBA Most Valuable Player Award voting... |
Luigi Guardigli | [
{
"indices": [
22,
29
],
"target": "Ravenna"
},
{
"indices": [
108,
120
],
"target": "World War II"
},
{
"indices": [
175,
187
],
"target": "Regia Marina"
},
{
"indices": [
212,
221
],
"target": "La Spezia"
... | p_3330 | Guardigli was born in Ravenna. At 18 he enrolled in and attended the School of Fine Arts of Ravenna. During World War II he was drafted and served from 1943 until 1946 in the Regia Marina (Italian Royal Navy) at La Spezia). After the war he returned to the School of Fine Arts, receiving his diploma in 1948. He enrolled in the School of Painting and Mosaics, also in Ravenna, graduating in 1951. From 1951 to 1955 he worked with the Gruppo mosaicisti of Ravenna and restored many mosaics. Also in 1951, at the end of November, he arrived in Paris to teach at the Ecole d'Art Italien (School of Italian Art) as an assistant to the painter Gino Severini, founder and director of the school. Together with another mosaicist, his fellow Ravennan Lino Melano, he executed mosaic works for artists including Fernand Léger, Georges Braque, Marc Chagall, Jean Bazaine, and Raoul Ubac. He collaborated also on the mosaic for the façade of the Musée national Fernand Léger in Biot (Alpes-Maritimes). In 1960 he executed, at the Colombe d'Or of Saint-Paul-de-Vence, a mosaic by the painter Georges Braque. From 1961 he had a studio in the artists' residence La Ruche at 2, passage de Dantzing in Paris, the place described by Lorenzo Viani in the book Parigi 1925 (Paris 1925), published by Fratelli Treves. In 1962, in another collaboration with Braque, he created the famous long fish tank of the Fondation Maeght in St Paul de Vence. His collaborations with many illustrious artists continued; the last was Jean-Michel Folon. Many of his personal works in painting and mosaics are in prominent private and public collections. The latter portion of his life was spent in an old people's rest home in Paris, where he died in 2008.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 133,
"passage": "ravenna",
"start": 128,
"text": "Italy"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,... |
Stargate (film) | [
{
"indices": [
4,
20
],
"target": "Stargate Program"
},
{
"indices": [
116,
150
],
"target": "Cheyenne Mountain Complex"
},
{
"indices": [
195,
201
],
"target": "List of Stargate SG-1 characters"
},
{
"indices": [
269,
... | p_3331 | The Stargate Command setting was transferred from the fictional military facility located in Creek Mountain, to the Cheyenne Mountain military complex. The unnamed planet from the film was named Abydos in the series and the distance from Earth changed from millions of light-years away (in an entirely different galaxy, "the Kalium galaxy") to becoming the closest planet to Earth with a Stargate, residing in the same galaxy as Earth. Also in SG-1, Stargate travel is limited to the Stargate network in the Milky Way galaxy (unless a tremendous amount of power is used to lengthen the subspace wormhole of a Stargate to another galaxy's Stargate). Ra was the last of an unnamed race in the film, being of a humanoid species with large black eyes and a lack of facial features. In SG-1, Ra is one of many "Goa'uld System Lords," who are a race of parasitic eel-like creatures. There were also changes to the Stargate. The unique set of 39 Stargate symbols in the film were replaced with the concept of 38 symbols that are the same for each Stargate (Earth's symbols based on Earth's constellations), plus a single point of origin symbol that is unique to that individual gate. While the kawoosh effect in the movie was created by filming the actual swirl of water in a glass tube, and looked like a vortex on the back of the Gate; on the TV series this effect was completely created in computer graphics by the Canadian visual effects company Rainmaker. At the beginning of season 9, the original movie wormhole sequence was substituted by a new sequence similar to the one already used on Stargate Atlantis, but being blue as it was in the movie and SG-1, whereas in Atlantis it is green and in Universe, it's white.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 167,
"passage": "cheyenne mountain complex",
"start": 159,
"text": "Colorado"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"ind... |
Brian Henson | [
{
"indices": [
31,
44
],
"target": "New York City"
},
{
"indices": [
71,
82
],
"target": "Jane Henson"
},
{
"indices": [
110,
120
],
"target": "Jim Henson"
},
{
"indices": [
156,
160
],
"target": "Lisa Henson... | p_3332 | Brian David Henson was born in New York City, is the first born son of Jane Henson (née Nebel; 1934–2013) and Jim Henson (1936–1990). He has four siblings: Lisa (born 1960), Cheryl (born 1961), John (1965–2014), and Heather Henson (born 1970). As a child, he made several cameo appearances in some of the filmed segments his father produced for the PBS children's series Sesame Street, most notably in various segments of the "Number Song Series." As he got older, he built the very first Muppet penguin puppet for the opening "Lullaby of Broadway" segment of a season three episode of The Muppet Show, guest starring Gilda Radner. During his summer break from high school in 1980, he assisted in the bicycle sequence from The Great Muppet Caper (1981). He helped create and operate a special rigging device that was created to allow the Muppets to ride bicycles since he was skilled in the use of marionette puppets. A few years later, he similarly operated a marionette of Scooter riding a bicycle in The Muppets Take Manhattan (1984).
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 18414,
"passage": "new york city",
"start": 18392,
"text": "the County of New York"
}
],
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Kodi Smit-McPhee | [
{
"indices": [
60,
70
],
"target": "Young Ones (film)"
},
{
"indices": [
98,
120
],
"target": "Sundance Film Festival"
},
{
"indices": [
165,
174
],
"target": "Slow West"
},
{
"indices": [
238,
250
],
"target... | p_3333 | In 2013, Smit-McPhee filmed the action science fiction film Young Ones. The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2014. Soon after, he appeared in Slow West, which was released in 2015. In March 2014, he was cast in the Nine Network's seven-part drama series Gallipoli; which was broadcast in February and March 2015, the year that marks the 100th anniversary of the Gallipoli landing. He plays 17-year-old Thomas "Tolly" Johnson, who ages himself up so that he can enlist with his brother Bevan and ends up fighting at Gallipoli in the campaign that helped create the Anzac legend. The series was produced by Endemol Australia and was shot over a three-month period starting in March 2014. Smit-McPhee played Nightcrawler in (2016), a character whose older version was previously played by Alan Cumming. Smit-McPhee reprised the role in Dark Phoenix, which was released in 2019.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 350,
"passage": "sundance film festival",
"start": 333,
"text": "the United States"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Richmond, California | [
{
"indices": [
95,
107
],
"target": "Shipbuilding"
},
{
"indices": [
165,
169
],
"target": "Ton"
},
{
"indices": [
195,
208
],
"target": "Port of Richmond (California)"
},
{
"indices": [
253,
260
],
"target":... | p_3334 | During World War II, Richmond developed rapidly as a heavy industrial town, chiefly devoted to shipbuilding. Its major activity now is as a seaport, with 26 million tons of goods shipped through Port Richmond in 1993, mostly oil and petroleum products. Chevron USA has a major oil refinery in the city, with a storage capacity of 15 million barrels (2,400 m). The Social Security Administration employs over 1,000 at its regional office and program service center in Downtown Richmond. Kaiser Permanente's Richmond Medical Center hospital in the Downtown Richmond is one of the largest employers in the city. Galaxy Desserts is run and operated in the city. Vetrazzo, an award-winning green business that manufactures Recycled Glass Countertops out of waste glass such as beer bottles and old traffic lights, is located in the refurbished Ford Assembly Plant. Treeskunk Productions a video game animation studio is based in the town. Bay View recording studios are located in the city, and have worked with artists such as Smash Mouth. Photon Films, LLC, a video production and editing studio, is located in Harborfront area along the southeast shoreline.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 1115,
"passage": "port of richmond (california)",
"start": 1106,
"text": "the 1980s"
}
],
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
... |
Exo (band) | [
{
"indices": [
16,
20
],
"target": "Suho"
},
{
"indices": [
163,
166
],
"target": "Kai (entertainer, born 1994)"
},
{
"indices": [
277,
285
],
"target": "Park Chanyeol"
},
{
"indices": [
339,
344
],
"target":... | p_3335 | Exo-K's leader, Suho, was the first member to join SM Entertainment, after a successful audition through the company's casting system in 2006. The following year, Kai, with encouragement from his father, auditioned at the SM Youth Best Contest; he won and received a contract. Chanyeol, who took second place in a Smart Model Contest, and Sehun, who went through four auditions in two years, were the next members to become trainees in 2008. In 2010, Exo-K's D.O. sang for his audition and was eventually offered a contract. The last member of Exo-K to become a trainee was Baekhyun, who joined in 2011 through SM Entertainment's casting system and trained for approximately one year before debut. In Exo-M, Kris auditioned in 2008 at a global SM Entertainment audition in Canada, before moving to South Korea for training. That same year, Lay auditioned in Changsha, China, and subsequently moved to South Korea, while Xiumin attended an audition with his friend and won second place. In 2010, Luhan was scouted by an SM Entertainment representative in Seoul and passed his audition, while Tao was scouted at a talent show. The last member to join Exo-M was Chen, who took part in the casting system in 2011. The band's first televised performance was at the annual SBS Gayo Daejeon event on December 29, 2011.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "no",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
142
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Exo-K's leader, Suho, was the first member to join SM Ent... |
Herb Kohl | [
{
"indices": [
84,
102
],
"target": "Affirmative action"
},
{
"indices": [
201,
224
],
"target": "Defense of Marriage Act"
},
{
"indices": [
379,
393
],
"target": "Discrimination"
},
{
"indices": [
403,
421
],
... | p_3336 | Kohl is strongly pro-choice and opposes the death penalty. He is highly in favor of affirmative action and supports setting aside funds for women and minorities. Although he voted in favor of the 1996 Defense of Marriage Act, Kohl rejected the recent proposal to amend the U.S. Constitution to define marriage as between one man and one woman and has supported measures that ban discrimination based on sexual orientation. Kohl has consistently voted against the flag desecration amendment and in recent years has voted against restrictions on travel to Cuba and funding for TV Martí. In 2005, he secured a victory for one of his main causes: requiring handguns to be sold with child safety locks. The amendment was attached to the Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act, with every Democrat and many Republicans voting in favor of the amendment. Earlier in his career, he helped push the Gun-Free Schools Act which the U.S. Supreme Court overturned in 1995 and has submitted many amendments to that effect. He is a strong supporter of public education and has rejected school vouchers. Kohl has voted in favor of allowing for the establishment of educational savings accounts.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
162,
342
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Although he voted in favor of the 1996 Defense of Marriag... |
History of yerba mate | [
{
"indices": [
19,
29
],
"target": "Yerba mate"
},
{
"indices": [
150,
164
],
"target": "Guaraní people"
},
{
"indices": [
280,
294
],
"target": "Río de la Plata Basin"
},
{
"indices": [
388,
397
],
"target":... | p_3337 | The consumption of yerba mate became widespread in the Spanish colony of Paraguay in the late 16th century both among Spanish settlers and indigenous Guaraní people, who had to some extent consumed it before the Spanish arrival. Mate consumption spread in the 17th century to the Platine region and from there to Chile and Peru. This widespread consumption turned it into Paraguay’s main commodity above other wares like tobacco, and Indian labour was used to harvest wild stands. In the mid 17th century Jesuits managed to domesticate the plant and establish plantations in their Indian reductions in Misiones, sparking severe competition with the Paraguayan harvesters of wild stands. After the expulsion of the Jesuits in the 1770s their plantations fell into decay as did their domestication secrets. The industry continued to be of prime importance for the Paraguayan economy after independence, but development in benefit of the Paraguayan state halted after the Paraguayan War (1864–1870) which devastated the country both economically and demographically. Brazil then became the prime producer of yerba mate. In Brazilian and Argentine projects in late 19th and early 20th century the plant was domesticated once again opening the way for modern plantation systems. When Brazilian entrepreneurs turned their attention to coffee in the 1930s Argentina, which had long been the prime consumer, took over as the largest producer, resurrecting Misiones Province where the Jesuits had once had most of their plantations. However, the coffee production regions in Brazil are distinct from the mate plantations. According to FAO in 2012, Brazil is the biggest producer of mate in the world with 513,256 MT (58%), followed by Argentina with 290,000 MT (32%) and Paraguay with 85,490 MT (10%).
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 317,
"passage": "río de la plata basin",
"start": 310,
"text": "Bolivia"
},
{
"end": 346,
"passage": "río de la plata basin",
"start": 340,
"text": "Brazil"
... |
Gene Dale | [
{
"indices": [
113,
134
],
"target": "Minor League Baseball"
},
{
"indices": [
140,
147
],
"target": "Pitcher"
},
{
"indices": [
156,
169
],
"target": "Dallas Rangers"
},
{
"indices": [
185,
197
],
"target": ... | p_3338 | Dale began playing baseball in the semi-professional Trolley League in St. Louis in 1908. In 1910, he debuted in minor league baseball as a pitcher for the Dallas Giants of the Class C Texas League, which became league co-champions that season. He pitched to a 10–7 win–loss record in 204 innings pitched. Though the Boston Red Sox of the American League gave Dale a tryout before the 1911 season, he did not make their roster, and Dale returned to Dallas. After pitching to a 12–8 win–loss record with 179 strikeouts for Dallas in 1911, the St. Louis Cardinals of the National League (NL) purchased Dale from the Giants towards the end of the season. He made his Major League Baseball debut with the Cardinals on September 19, and pitched to a 0–2 record with a 6.75 earned run average (ERA) in innings.
| [
{
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
135,
197
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "as a pitcher for the Dallas Giants of the Class C Texas... |
John Hansen (footballer, born 1924) | [
{
"indices": [
115,
125
],
"target": "Association football"
},
{
"indices": [
142,
149
],
"target": "Forward (association football)"
},
{
"indices": [
241,
254
],
"target": "Juventus F.C."
},
{
"indices": [
268,
275
... | p_3339 | John Angelo Valdemar Østergaard Hansen, known simply as John Hansen, (24 June 1924 – 12 January 1990) was a Danish footballer who played as a forward. He played professionally for seven years in Italy: he scored 124 goals in 187 matches for Juventus F.C., and won two Serie A championships with the club, finishing as Capocannoniere top-goal scorer in the 1951–52 Serie A season; he later also played for Italian club S.S. Lazio. He won the 1944 Danish championship with childhood club BK Frem. Hansen scored 10 goals in eight games for the Denmark national football team in 1948, and won a bronze medal with Denmark at the 1948 Summer Olympics. In 1985, Hansen received the Italian order of chivalry.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
149
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "John Angelo Valdemar Østergaard Hansen, known simply as Joh... |
Cubulco | [
{
"indices": [
49,
71
],
"target": "Bartolomé de las Casas"
},
{
"indices": [
73,
77
],
"target": "Dominican Order"
},
{
"indices": [
675,
694
],
"target": "Alonso de Maldonado"
},
{
"indices": [
887,
894
],
... | p_3340 | On his second visit to Guatemala, in 1537, friar Bartolome de las Casas, O.P. wanted to employ his new method of conversion based on two principles: 1) to preach the Gospel to all men and treat them as equals, and 2) to assert that conversion must be voluntary and based on knowledge and understanding of the Faith. It was important for Las Casas that this method be tested without meddling from secular colonists, so he chose a territory in the heart of Guatemala where there were no previous colonies and where the natives were considered fierce and war-like. Because of the fact that the land had not been possible to conquer by military means, the governor of Guatemala, Alonso de Maldonado, agreed to sign a contract promising that if the venture was successful he would not establish any new encomiendas in the area. Las Casas's group of friars established a Dominican presence in Rabinal, Sacapulas and Cobán, reaching as far as Chahal and including Cubulco. Through the efforts of Las Casas' missionaries the so-called "Land of War" came to be called "Verapaz", "True Peace". Las Casas's strategy was to teach Christian songs to merchant Indian Christians who then ventured into the area. In this way he was successful in converting several native chiefs, among them those of Atitlán and Chichicastenango, and in building several churches in the territory named Alta Verapaz. These congregated a group of Christian Indians in the location of what is now the town of Rabinal. In 1538 Las Casas was recalled from his mission by Bishop Francisco Marroquin who wanted him to go to Mexico and then on to Spain in order to seek more Dominicans to assist in the mission.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"answer_value": "53",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
147
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "On his second visit to Guatemala, in 1537, friar Bartol... |
Sangita Mukhopadhyay | [
{
"indices": [
12,
26
],
"target": "New Year's Day"
},
{
"indices": [
38,
47
],
"target": "Khargapur"
},
{
"indices": [
71,
85
],
"target": "Madhya Pradesh"
},
{
"indices": [
180,
225
],
"target": "Regional M... | p_3341 | Born on the New Year's Day of 1966 at Khargapur in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh, Sangita Mukhopadhyay completed her MSc with a gold medal and did her doctoral studies at the Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar which fetched her a Phd from Utkal University in 1998 for her thesis on immunoregulation in filariasis. Subsequently, she did the post-doctoral work at the National Institute of Immunology and, later, in U.S.A. at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. On her return to India, she joined the Central Drug Research Institute in 1999 and after a short stint, moved to the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD). She later became the head of the Molecular Biology Group at the Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the institute and holds the position of a Grade IV staff scientist. At her laboratory, she hosts many research scholars who are involved in the studies in the disciplines of cell signaling and signal transduction, immunity, macrophage biology and tuberculosis.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 148,
"passage": "national institute of immunology, india",
"start": 139,
"text": "New Delhi"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
... |
Ottava rima | [
{
"indices": [
42,
53
],
"target": "Elizabethan era"
},
{
"indices": [
146,
161
],
"target": "Michael Drayton"
},
{
"indices": [
182,
196
],
"target": "Thomas Heywood"
},
{
"indices": [
220,
234
],
"target": ... | p_3342 | In English, ottava rima first appeared in Elizabethan translations of Tasso and Ariosto. The form also became popular for original works, such as Michael Drayton's The Barons' Wars, Thomas Heywood's Troia Britannica, or Aemilia Lanyer's Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum. William Browne's Britannia's Pastorals also contains passages in ottava rima. The first English poet to write mock-heroic ottava rima was John Hookham Frere, whose 1817-8 poem Prospectus and Specimen of an Intended National Work used the form to considerable effect. Lord Byron read Frere's work and saw the potential of the form. He quickly produced Beppo, his first poem to use the form. Shortly after this, Byron began working on his Don Juan (1819–1824), probably the best-known English poem in ottava rima. Byron also used the form for The Vision of Judgment (1822). Shelley translated the Homeric Hymns into English in ottava rima. In the 20th century, William Butler Yeats used the form in several of his best later poems, including "Sailing to Byzantium" and "Among School Children". So did Kenneth Koch for instance in his autobiographical poem "Seasons on Earth" of 1987. In America Emma Lazarus wrote the poem An Epistle that consists of thirty four ottava rimas. Earlier Richard Henry Wilde used the stanza in his long poem Hesperia.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 44,
"passage": "michael drayton",
"start": 29,
"text": "Michael Drayton"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices"... |
Meteorological history of Hurricane Dorian | [
{
"indices": [
0,
16
],
"target": "Hurricane Dorian"
},
{
"indices": [
55,
66
],
"target": "The Bahamas"
},
{
"indices": [
113,
126
],
"target": "Abaco Islands"
},
{
"indices": [
131,
143
],
"target": "Grand ... | p_3343 | Hurricane Dorian was the strongest hurricane to affect the Bahamas on record, causing catastrophic damage in the Abaco Islands and Grand Bahama in early September 2019. The fifth tropical cyclone, fourth named storm, second hurricane, and first major hurricane of the annual hurricane season, Dorian originated from a westward traveling tropical wave that was located over a thousand miles east of the Windward Islands on August 23. The disturbance rapidly organized and became a tropical depression and later a tropical storm, both on August 24. The newly formed Dorian struggled to intensify over the next few days due to a combination of dry air and vertical wind shear. The storm passed over Barbados and entered the Caribbean Sea on August 26 as it gradually strengthened. Dorian made landfall in St. Lucia on the next day, which caused serious disruption to the system's structure. Initially predicted to strike Hispaniola, Dorian's track gradually shifted to the east as the storm neared Greater Antilles. Due to land interaction and the dry air, Dorian's center reformed north of its previous location, causing the system's track to shift northward. The storm then turned towards the northwest as it traveled through a weakness in a ridge. A combination of the dry air and shear relaxing as well as the warm sea surface temperatures, allowed Dorian to become a Category 1 hurricane as it passed over St. Thomas on August 28. The storm developed an eye in satellite imagery soon after, but dry air still continued to disrupt the system. The commencement of an eyewall replacement cycle on August 29 temporarily impeded intensification, but Dorian completed the cycle the next morning and soon resumed strengthening.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
76
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Hurricane Dorian was the strongest hurricane to affect the B... |
DeVotchKa | [
{
"indices": [
30,
39
],
"target": "American burlesque"
},
{
"indices": [
125,
139
],
"target": "Dita Von Teese"
},
{
"indices": [
350,
375
],
"target": "Everything Is Illuminated (film)"
},
{
"indices": [
382,
396
... | p_3344 | Originally a backing band for burlesque shows, in their early years DeVotchKa also toured with burlesque performer and model Dita Von Teese. Numerous nationwide tours in support of self-released records earned the band an underground following. Their song "How It Ends" introduced the band to a wider audience after being featured in the trailer for Everything Is Illuminated, in a Gears of War 2 trailer called "The Last Day", and in an episode of Everwood (Season 4). Their performance at the 2006 Bonnaroo music festival was considered a breakout event. In between tours, the band was picked by first time film directors Jonathan Dayton and Valerie Faris to score Little Miss Sunshine, a 2006 film that would go on to garner four Academy Award nominations. DeVotchKa, along with composer Mychael Danna, composed and performed the majority of the music for the film's soundtrack and were nominated for a 2006 Grammy Award for Best Compilation Soundtrack. The main song, "The Winner Is", was also used in a commercial by the French-based environment and energy company Suez and the Dutch pension fund PGGM.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 317,
"passage": "bonnaroo music festival",
"start": 296,
"text": "Manchester, Tennessee"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
... |
2013 World Rally Championship | [
{
"indices": [
0,
15
],
"target": "Sébastien Ogier"
},
{
"indices": [
144,
158
],
"target": "Mikko Hirvonen"
},
{
"indices": [
188,
204
],
"target": "Thierry Neuville"
},
{
"indices": [
272,
302
],
"target": ... | p_3345 | Sébastien Ogier held the lead of the rally from start to finish; with three stage wins on the first day, Ogier held a lead of 46.6 seconds over Mikko Hirvonen, who battled for second with Thierry Neuville, with a difference of only 3.1 seconds at the end of the day. Both Qatar M-Sport World Rally Team drivers, Mads Østberg and Evgeny Novikov retired. On the second day, Hirvonen started with a stage win, but on the next stage went wide and got stuck into a ditch, leaving second place to Neuville. Ogier's teammate, Jari-Matti Latvala recovered from 12th position after a puncture on stage one, to finish third. Dani Sordo was the best Citroën finisher in fourth, ahead of Martin Prokop in fifth, while Elfyn Evans finished sixth on his début in a World Rally Car. Michał Kościuszko got his best result of the year in seventh, ahead of Østberg – recovering from his accident – to finish eighth via Rally-2. Robert Kubica got his first championship points by finishing ninth and Khalid Al Qassimi completed the top ten finishers.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 204,
"passage": "2013 World Rally Championship",
"start": 187,
"text": " Thierry Neuville"
}
],
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{... |
Grand Review of the Armies | [
{
"indices": [
11,
34
],
"target": "President of the United States"
},
{
"indices": [
35,
49
],
"target": "Andrew Johnson"
},
{
"indices": [
287,
304
],
"target": "Funeral and burial of Abraham Lincoln"
},
{
"indices": [
3... | p_3346 | On May 10, United States President Andrew Johnson had declared that the rebellion and armed resistance was virtually at an end, and had made plans with government authorities for a formal review to honor the troops. One of his side goals was to change the mood of the capital, which was still in mourning following the assassination of United States President Abraham Lincoln a month before at Ford's Theater. Three of the leading Federal armies were close enough to participate in the procession. The Army of the Tennessee arrived via train. The Army of Georgia, also under the command of William T. Sherman, had just completed its Carolinas Campaign and had accepted the surrender of the largest remaining Confederate army, that of Joseph E. Johnston. It arrived from North Carolina in mid-May and camped around the capital city in various locations, across the Potomac River from the Army of the Potomac, fresh off its victories over Robert E. Lee in Virginia. It had arrived in Washington on May 12. Officers in the three armies who had not seen each other for some time (in some cases since before the war) communed and renewed acquaintances, while at times, the common infantrymen engaged in verbal sparring (and sometimes fisticuffs) in the town's taverns and bars over which army was superior. Sherman, concerned that his Westerners would not present as polished an image as the eastern army, drilled his forces and insisted that uniforms be cleaned, buttons and brass shined, and that bayonets glistened.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 164,
"passage": "assassination of abraham lincoln",
"start": 147,
"text": "John Wilkes Booth"
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... |
Fuerza Guerrera | [
{
"indices": [
124,
155
],
"target": "Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre"
},
{
"indices": [
315,
326
],
"target": "Negro Casas"
},
{
"indices": [
456,
497
],
"target": "Mexican National Lightweight Championship"
},
{
"indices": [
... | p_3347 | The combination of Guerrera's in ring skills, natural charisma and unique mask quickly landed him a regular job working for Empresa Mexicana de Lucha Libre (EMLL), Mexico's largest wrestling promotion. On September 25, 1981 Fuerza Guerrera made his first appearance at a major EMLL show as he wrestled and defeated Negro Casas on EMLL's 48th Anniversary show. On November 6, 1983 Guerrera defeated Aguila Venezolana in a tournament final to win the vacant Mexican National Lightweight Championship, the first professional wrestling championships of his career. In May, 1984 Guerrera vacated the title when he moved from the lightweight weight class (between and ) and into the Welterweight weight class (between and ). On December 3, 1985 Fuerza Guerrera captured the Mexican National Welterweight Championship when he defeated Javier Cruz. Guerrera held the title for approximately 240 days before vacating the title as he left EMLL to work for other wrestling promotions in Mexico. By late 1988 Guerrera had returned to EMLL and captured the NWA World Welterweight Championship on October 4, 1988 when he defeated Solar II and won the highest ranking title in the Welterweight division at the time. Guerrera would go on to make several successful title defenses until he lost to Águila Solitaria on June 2, 1980. Guerrera regained the title three days later and went on to have an 808-day reign that included successful title defenses against Pantera II, Americo Rocca, his trainer Gallo Tapado, Misterioso and Octagón. In 1989 Guerrera also began working part-time in the Tijuana, Baja California based World Wrestling Association promotion, winning the WWA Welterweight Championship twice in 1989 and 1990.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "yes",
"type": "binary"
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
202,
359
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "On September 25, 1981 Fuerza Guerrera made his first a... |
James Ingram | [
{
"indices": [
63,
75
],
"target": "Quincy Jones"
},
{
"indices": [
90,
107
],
"target": "The Secret Garden (Sweet Seduction Suite)"
},
{
"indices": [
144,
155
],
"target": "Barry White"
},
{
"indices": [
157,
167
... | p_3348 | In the 1990s, Ingram's highest-profile team-up came again with Quincy Jones, on the song "The Secret Garden". This song also featured vocals by Barry White, El DeBarge, and Al B. Sure!. Soundtrack songs were popular for Ingram in the 1990s. From the movie Sarafina! came "One More Time", and from City Slickers came "Where Did My Heart Go?" In 1991, he and Melissa Manchester performed the song "The Brightest Star" in the animated Christmas film Precious Moments Timmy's Gift. In 1993, they performed the song again in the film's sequel Precious Moments Timmy's Special Delivery. Ingram's 1994 composition "The Day I Fall in Love", a duet with Dolly Parton, was the theme song for the movie Beethoven's 2nd and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song. Ingram and Parton performed the song live on the Oscar broadcast. In 1997, he and Carnie Wilson co-wrote the song "Our Time Has Come" and lent it to the animated film Cats Don't Dance.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 11070,
"passage": "quincy jones",
"start": 11062,
"text": "Thriller"
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"type": "span"
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{
"indices": [
... |
Southeastern Freight Lines | [
{
"indices": [
72,
97
],
"target": "Lexington, South Carolina"
},
{
"indices": [
248,
256
],
"target": "Florence, South Carolina"
},
{
"indices": [
341,
347
],
"target": "Semi-trailer truck"
},
{
"indices": [
546,
55... | p_3349 | Southeastern Freight Lines was founded in 1950 by William T. Cassels in Lexington, South Carolina. The company first had 14 trucks and 20 employees with a $5,000 loan. In 1975 W. T. "Bill" Cassels, Jr. became President of Southeastern Freight. The Florence facility was opened in September 1953 where Bill Cassels, Jr. operated one of three trucks. On October 2, 1987 W. T. Cassels died leaving his son Cassels, Jr. as CEO of Southeastern Freight. "Tobin" Cassels III, who worked at Southeastern Freight since 1973, became President in 2001. The Augusta was established in March 1976. The expansion into the Southwest began in the 1990s with the establishment of a facility in New Orleans in 1996. Southeastern Freight expanded into the Texas market by expanding in Tyler in 2005. Eight years later Southeastern Freight further expanded in Texas with a Houston facility on February 21, 2013 and a Lubbock facility on May 11, 2015. International operations were expanded in October 2008 by offering four shipping options to Mexico. Kentucky operations of Southeastern Freight was established in 2015 with expansions to Lexington, Louisville and Bowling Green. On November 2, 2015 the West Atlanta service center opened enabling service to customers of West Georgia and East Alabama.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
97
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"passage": "main",
"text": "Southeastern Freight Lines was founded in 1950 by William T.... |
Constantine Lips | [
{
"indices": [
67,
77
],
"target": "Conjecture"
},
{
"indices": [
119,
134
],
"target": "Leo VI the Wise"
},
{
"indices": [
163,
172
],
"target": "Monastery"
},
{
"indices": [
182,
209
],
"target": "Church of... | p_3350 | The facts regarding Constantine's life are confused and subject to conjecture. It is known that at the time of Emperor Leo VI the Wise (r. 886–912), he restored a monastery near the Church of the Holy Apostles, which is nowadays identified with the Fenari Isa Mosque on account of a partial inscription commemorating its dedication to the Theotokos. The date of the inauguration is traditionally placed in 907/908. Constantine Lips also participated in the failed coup of the prominent general Constantine Doukas against the infant Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos (r. 913–959) in July 913, after the death of Leo's brother and successor Alexander (r. 912–913). In its wake, several nobles who had been or were suspected of being involved in the coup were executed, while others fled the city, amongst them Constantine Lips. On August 20, 917, he fell at the Battle of Acheloos, fighting against the Bulgarian forces under Simeon I.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 210,
"passage": "church of the holy apostles",
"start": 196,
"text": "Constantinople"
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{
... |
Origins of baseball | [
{
"indices": [
74,
89
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"target": "A. G. Spalding"
},
{
"indices": [
369,
383
],
"target": "Henry Chadwick (writer)"
},
{
"indices": [
393,
401
],
"target": "Spalding (company)"
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{
"indices": [
490,
498
],
... | p_3351 | Doubleday's invention of baseball was the finding of a panel appointed by Albert Spalding, a former star pitcher and club executive, who had become the leading American sporting goods entrepreneur and sports publisher. Debate on baseball's origins had raged for decades, heating up in the first years of the 20th century, due in part to a 1903 essay baseball historian Henry Chadwick wrote in Spalding's Official Baseball Guide stating that baseball gradually evolved from English game of “rounders”. To end argument, speculation, and innuendo, Spalding organized the Mills Commission in 1905. The members were baseball figures, not historians: Spalding's friend Abraham G. Mills, a former National League president; two United States Senators, former NL president Morgan Bulkeley and former Washington club president Arthur Gorman; former NL president and lifelong secretary-treasurer Nick Young; two other star players turned sporting goods entrepreneurs (George Wright and Alfred Reach); and AAU president James E. Sullivan.
| [
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"answer": {
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"answer_value": "84",
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"indices": [
322,
389
],
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"text": "due in part to a 1903 essay baseball historian Henry ... |
Greek hero cult | [
{
"indices": [
61,
72
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"target": "Cleisthenes"
},
{
"indices": [
85,
94
],
"target": "History of Athens"
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{
"indices": [
104,
109
],
"target": "DEME"
},
{
"indices": [
135,
141
],
"target": "Delphi"
},
... | p_3352 | Hero cults could be of the utmost political importance. When Cleisthenes divided the Athenians into new demes for voting, he consulted Delphi on what heroes he should name each division after. According to Herodotus, the Spartans attributed their conquest of Arcadia to their theft of the bones of Orestes from the Arcadian town of Tegea. Heroes in myth often had close but conflicted relationships with the gods. Thus Heracles's name means "the glory of Hera", even though he was tormented all his life by the queen of the gods. This was even truer in their cult appearances. Perhaps the most striking example is the Athenian king Erechtheus, whom Poseidon killed for choosing Athena over him as the city's patron god. When the Athenians worshiped Erechtheus on the Acropolis, they invoked him as Poseidon Erechtheus.
| [
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"answer": {
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{
"end": 9418,
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"start": 9325,
"text": "Hera often conspired against Zeus' mortal offspring as revenge for her husband's infidelities"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": n... |
History of leprosy | [
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"indices": [
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162
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"target": "William Roxburgh"
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{
"indices": [
232,
250
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"target": "East India Company"
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{
"indices": [
273,
281
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"target": "Kolkata"
},
{
"indices": [
310,
328
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"target": "... | p_3353 | This paper caused some confusion. Mouat indicated that the oil was the product of a tree Chaulmoogra odorata, which had been described in 1815 by William Roxburgh, a surgeon and naturalist, while he was cataloging the plants in the East India Company’s botanical garden in Calcutta. This tree is also known as Gynocardia odorata. For the rest of the 19th century, this tree was thought to be the source of the oil. In 1901, Sir David Prain identified the chaulmoogra seeds of the Calcutta bazaar and of the Paris and London apothecaries as coming from Taraktogenos kurzii, which is found in Burma and Northeast India. The oil mentioned in the Ayurvedic texts was determined to be from the tree Hydnocarpus wightiana, known as Tuvakara in Sanskrit and chaulmugra in Hindi and Persian.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 1082,
"passage": "william roxburgh",
"start": 1062,
"text": "Edinburgh University"
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{
"end": 875,
"passage": "william roxburgh",
"start": 852,
"text": "Underwo... |
Kip Williams | [
{
"indices": [
27,
41
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"target": "Bertolt Brecht"
},
{
"indices": [
44,
76
],
"target": "The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui"
},
{
"indices": [
87,
99
],
"target": "Hugo Weaving"
},
{
"indices": [
158,
173
],
... | p_3354 | In 2018, Williams directed Bertolt Brecht's The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui, starring Hugo Weaving in the titular role. The production was nominated for six Helpmann Awards, including Best Production, Best Director for Williams, and winning Best Supporting Actress and Best Actor for Anita Hegh and Weaving respectively. It was nominated for a further nine Sydney Theatre Awards, again for Best Production and Best Director for Williams, and winning four awards including Best Actor for Weaving, Best Stage Design for Robert Cousins, and Best Supporting Actor for Mitchell Butel. Next Williams directed a 6 hour stage adaptation of The Harp in the South: Part One & Part Two by Kate Mulvany. The highly acclaimed production brought to life Ruth Park's celebrated trilogy of novels, Missus, The Harp in the South, and Poor Man's Orange, using an ensemble of 18 actors to perform the marathon work across two nights of theatre. The production was nominated for 11 Sydney Theatre Awards, winning Best Production, Best New Australian Work for Mulvany, and Best Direction for Williams. It was nominated for a further six Helpmann Awards, including Best Production of a Play, Best New Australian Work, and Best Director for Williams. Williams finished 2018 with an operatic take on Patrick White's classic play A Cheery Soul, featuring his signature use of live video. Staged at the Sydney Opera House, the production starred Sarah Peirse, with an ensemble including Anita Hegh, Shari Sebbens, and Tara Morice.
| [
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121,
320
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The production was nominated for six Helpmann Awards, inc... |
U.S. Route 422 | [
{
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42,
72
],
"target": "Partial cloverleaf interchange"
},
{
"indices": [
78,
84
],
"target": "U.S. Route 322 in Pennsylvania"
},
{
"indices": [
113,
118
],
"target": "Pennsylvania Route 39"
},
{
"indices": [
1... | p_3355 | The eastern section of US 422 begins at a partial cloverleaf interchange with US 322 and the eastern terminus of PA 39 east of the borough of Hummelstown in Derry Township, Dauphin County, heading northeast as a four-lane divided highway. The road passes commercial development along with some farm fields and residential development as it heads into the community of Hershey, where it becomes West Chocolate Avenue. The route heads into a mix of homes and businesses and turns east-northeast, where it narrows to a two-lane undivided road. At this point, West Chocolate Avenue becomes lined with street lamps that are shaped like Hershey's Kisses. US 422 continues along West Chocolate Avenue and comes to an intersection with PA 743 at Cocoa Avenue in the center of Hershey. At this point, the route becomes East Chocolate Avenue, a three-lane divided with two eastbound lanes and one westbound lane that passes southeast of the Hershey Chocolate factory. The road becomes undivided, still with two eastbound lanes and one westbound lane, and passes near a few residences and businesses as it heads between two golf courses, narrowing to two lanes. US 422 runs past more residential and commercial development, leaving Hershey and heading through the community of Palmdale.
| [
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{
"end": 375,
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"text": "Hershey"
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"indices": [
... |
Duan Ju | [
{
"indices": [
20,
27
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"target": "Tianjin"
},
{
"indices": [
194,
201
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"target": "Tianjin TEDA F.C."
},
{
"indices": [
231,
236
],
"target": "China national football team"
},
{
"indices": [
244,
258
],
"t... | p_3356 | Duan Ju was born in Tianjin. At the age of 17, he was called up to China youth football team. Duan Ju played for Tianjin football Team 2 from 1980 to 1983. From 1984 to 1991, Duan Ju played for Tianjin. In 1988, Duan Ju played for China in the 1988 Asian Cup and football match at the 1988 Olympic Games. In 1990, China lost to Thailand in football match at the 1990 Asian Games. The coach of China, Gao Fengwen quit office， then Duan Ju quit the China national team and returned to Tianjin. in 1992, Duan Ju had gone to Japan and played for NKK SC. In 1993, Duan Ju retired in Japan and returned to China. In 1995, Duan Ju played for Tianjin Yuancheng football club, in the same year， Duan Ju retired again.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"indices": [
203,
258
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1988, Duan Ju played for China in the 1988 Asian Cup"
... |
Connaught Theatre | [
{
"indices": [
27,
39
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"target": "World War II"
},
{
"indices": [
149,
176
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"target": "The Rank Organisation"
},
{
"indices": [
293,
307
],
"target": "Glenda Jackson"
},
{
"indices": [
309,
322
],
"target... | p_3357 | A temporary closure during World War II was followed by a period in which the theatre was managed on Seebold's behalf by a group associated with the J. Arthur Rank Organisation, who pursued a policy of employing young actors who later became important figures in film, television and theatre. Glenda Jackson, Susannah York, Charles Morgan, Maria Charles and several others appeared at the theatre during this period. In the 1950s, Alan Ayckbourn appeared in several plays at the Connaught. In 1956, Winston Churchill visited the theatre to see his daughter Sarah perform in Terence Rattigan's play Variation on a Theme. Harold Pinter acted at the Connaught under the stage name David Baron, moving to a house just a few yards from the theatre in Ambrose Place in the 1960s. Pinter's first wife, actress Vivien Merchant acted at the Connaught during this period. Giles Cooper worked with Pinter at the Connaught. Robin Maugham wrote several plays which he directed and premiered at the Connaught, including The Claimant (1962) and Winter in Ischia (1964). Actress Marina Sirtis, perhaps best known for her role on , began her career in repertory at the Connaught in 1976. Actor Robert Blythe has also worked in repertory theatre at the Connaught.
| [
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"answer": {
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"end": 138,
"passage": "the rank organisation",
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"text": "J. Arthur Rank "
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{
"... |
Maria Costanza Panas | [
{
"indices": [
4,
11
],
"target": "Artisan"
},
{
"indices": [
101,
112
],
"target": "Immigration to the United States"
},
{
"indices": [
117,
141
],
"target": "United States"
},
{
"indices": [
224,
232
],
"ta... | p_3358 | Her artisan parents lost their jobs due to the industrialization in the region and so were forced to emigrate to the United States of America in 1902. Panas was left in the care of her paternal priest uncle Angelo who was a chaplain in Asiago and later the archpriest for Enego and who was living with his nurse sister Maria. Her schooling began under the Canossians in Feltre and later continued in Vicenza and on 5 August 1906 she made her First Communion. Panas remained in her uncle's care (receiving her initial education and religious formation from him) until her parents returned in 1910. Her parents returned with two new children Maximina and Rosa who had been born in the United States. In 1910 she moved to the Saint Alvise college in Venice and also attended the Nicolò Tommaseo Institute there before she graduated in 1913. It was following her graduation that she began teaching in the Conetta neighborhood of Cona close to Venice and it was there in 1914 that she met Father Luigi Fritz who would begin serving as her confidante and spiritual director until the end of their lives (which occurred within weeks of each other). It was also around this stage that Panas began keeping a journal and made the resolution that she would never write unless it was about or for Jesus Christ.
| [
{
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
151,
277
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Panas was left in the care of her paternal priest uncle A... |
Kepler-39b | [
{
"indices": [
4,
10
],
"target": "Kepler space telescope"
},
{
"indices": [
27,
31
],
"target": "NASA"
},
{
"indices": [
56,
67
],
"target": "Photometry (astronomy)"
},
{
"indices": [
206,
217
],
"target": "... | p_3359 | The Kepler spacecraft is a NASA telescope equipped with photometric equipment. Launched in 2009, Kepler continuously watches 156,000 stars in a small area. A team of astronomers, hoping to learn more about hot jupiter planets and brown dwarfs, selected four F-type stars from the Kepler Input Catalog flagged as host to a Kepler Object of Interest (a transiting object that could possibly be a planet). Using three quarters of Kepler's data, the science team conducted a follow-up investigation in using the SOPHIE échelle spectrograph at the Haute-Provence Observatory in southern France, observing stars Kepler-40, Kepler-39, KOI-552 and KOI-410. Of these, conclusive evidence of a planet orbiting KOI-410 could not be found, and KOI-552 was found to be a binary star with an M-type companion. The Hot Jupiter KOI-428b was the first of these four to be confirmed.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"type": "none"
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
79,
155
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Launched in 2009, Kepler continuously watches 156,000 star... |
Gore Vidal | [
{
"indices": [
27,
34
],
"target": "Weekend (play)"
},
{
"indices": [
46,
75
],
"target": "An Evening with Richard Nixon"
},
{
"indices": [
363,
375
],
"target": "Harold Bloom"
},
{
"indices": [
518,
538
],
"... | p_3360 | After publishing the plays Weekend (1968) and An Evening With Richard Nixon (1972) and the novel Two Sisters: A Novel in the Form of a Memoir (1970), Vidal concentrated upon the essay and developed two types of fiction. The first type is about American history, novels specifically about the nature of national politics. About those historical novels, the critic Harold Bloom said that "Vidal's imagination of American politics ... is so powerful as to compel awe". The historical novels formed the seven-book series, Narratives of Empire: (i) Burr (1973), (ii) 1876 (1976), (iii) Lincoln (1984), (iv) Empire (1987), (v) Hollywood (1990), (vi) Washington, D.C. (1967) and (vii) The Golden Age (2000). Besides U.S. history, Vidal also explored and analyzed the history of the ancient world, specifically the Axial Age (800–200 B.C.), with the novel Creation (1981). The novel was published without four chapters that were part of the manuscript he submitted to the publisher; years later, Vidal restored the chapters to the text and re-published the novel Creation in 2002.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
82
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "After publishing the plays Weekend (1968) and An Evening Wit... |
Alia Bhatt | [
{
"indices": [
14,
26
],
"target": "List of Hindi film families"
},
{
"indices": [
61,
73
],
"target": "Mahesh Bhatt"
},
{
"indices": [
86,
97
],
"target": "Soni Razdan"
},
{
"indices": [
161,
170
],
"target"... | p_3361 | Born into the Bhatt family, she is the daughter of filmmaker Mahesh Bhatt and actress Soni Razdan. After making her acting debut as a child in the 1999 thriller Sangharsh, Bhatt played her first leading role in Karan Johar's teen drama Student of the Year (2012). She went on to establish herself with starring roles in several films produced by Johar's studio Dharma Productions, including the romances 2 States (2014), Humpty Sharma Ki Dulhania (2014), and Badrinath Ki Dulhania (2017); and the coming-of-age drama Dear Zindagi (2016). Bhatt won the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actress for playing a kidnapping victim in the road drama Highway (2014), and two Best Actress awards at the ceremony for playing a Bihari migrant in the crime drama Udta Punjab (2016) and a spy in the thriller Raazi (2018). The latter emerged as one of Hindi cinema's biggest-earning female-led films, and her highest-grossing release came with the musical drama Gully Boy (2019).
| [
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{
"end": 916,
"passage": "mahesh bhatt",
"start": 911,
"text": "Sadak"
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Lewis Pugh Evans | [
{
"indices": [
49,
61
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"target": "British Army"
},
{
"indices": [
69,
79
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"target": "Officer (armed forces)"
},
{
"indices": [
87,
98
],
"target": "Black Watch"
},
{
"indices": [
102,
119
],
"target": "Se... | p_3362 | Following a year at Sandhurst, Evans entered the British Army with a commission in the Black Watch as second lieutenant on 23 December 1899, and served with the 2nd battalion in the Second Boer War in South Africa. He took part in operations in the Orange Free State February to May 1900, including the battles of Poplar Grove, Driefontein and Vet River; operations in the Transvaal May-June 1900, including the actions around Johannesburg, the occupation of Pretoria and the battle of Diamond Hill; and the battle of Battle of Belfast (August 1900). After the end of the conventional war he served with his battalion in the Orange River Colony during the Boer guerrilla warfare until peace was declared in June 1902. Following the end of the war in South Africa he left Point Natal for British India on the SS Ionian in October 1902 with other officers and men of his battalion, which after arrival in Bombay was stationed in Sialkot in Umballa in Punjab.. After service with his regiment in India, Evans returned to England and obtained a pilot's certificate.
| [
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"end": 20730,
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"start": 20709,
"text": "Gen. Sir Robert Rollo"
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{
"... |
T.B. Perry House | [
{
"indices": [
58,
69
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"target": "Albia, Iowa"
},
{
"indices": [
71,
84
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"target": "United States"
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{
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86,
100
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"target": "Theodore Perry"
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{
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177
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"target": "Iowa Sen... | p_3363 | The T.B. Perry House is a historical residence located in Albia, Iowa, United States. Theodore Perry was a local attorney and businessman who served two terms in the Iowa Senate. He is also responsible for a couple of buildings in the Albia Square and Central Commercial Historic District. This house is a High Victorian eclectic style structure. It is one of four large brick houses in Albia known as the Four Sisters. They all feature a running brick bond on their exterior walls. It is an unusual architectural feature for southern Iowa in the period they were built, and it also suggests they have the same architect and/or brick mason. The Elbert-Bates House is another house in this group. The Perry house was designed by Charles A. Dunham from the prominent Burlington, Iowa architectural firm of Dunham & Jordan. It is noteworthy for its elaborate roofing system. It features five dormer windows, two hip-and-deck roofs, three gable roofs, and two hipped roofs. The steeply pitched roof also has finials, pendants, and brackets with a modified frieze under the eaves. Other elements of the richly ornamented exterior include barge boards on the second story and entry gables, and a front porch with Gothic tracery millwork. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
| [
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Chase A. Clark | [
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"target": "Hadley, Indiana"
},
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"target": "Indiana"
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69
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"target": "Eastern Idaho"
},
{
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"target": "Idaho Territor... | p_3364 | Born on August 21, 1883, in Hadley, Indiana, Clark arrived in eastern Idaho Territory in 1884. His father Joseph engineered an early canal on the Snake River and later became the first Mayor of Idaho Falls, Idaho in 1900. Clark attended the public schools and left Idaho Falls High School at age 15 and then attended school in Terre Haute, Indiana. Clark returned to Idaho Falls working as a mercantile clerk, then moved to Mackay, Idaho shortly after its founding and saved money to attend the University of Michigan Law School, but did not graduate but instead read law to enter the bar in 1904. He entered private practice in Mackay from 1904 to 1930. He was a Judge Advocate General for the State of Idaho from 1914 to 1915. Clark left to fight in 1916 in the Border War and then World War I. He served in a machine gun unit and achieved the rank of lieutenant in the United States Army. He was a member of the Idaho House of Representatives from 1913 to 1916. He returned to private practice in Idaho Falls from 1930 to 1940. He served in the Idaho Senate from 1933 to 1936. He was the Mayor of Idaho Falls from 1937 to 1938. He was the Governor of Idaho from 1941 to 1942.
| [
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"text": "Clark arrived in eastern Idaho Territory in 1884"
}
... |
Gaston-Armand Amaudruz | [
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"target": "Fascism"
},
{
"indices": [
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],
"target": "Arthur Fonjallaz"
},
{
"indices": [
223,
236
],
"target": "The Holocaust"
},
{
"indices": [
302,
307
],
"target": "Malmö"
... | p_3365 | Initially a supporter of the Swiss fascist movement of Arthur Fonjallaz, he came to wider attention in 1949 when he published Ubu Justicier au Premier Procès de Nuremberg, one of the first works to question the veracity of the Holocaust. Increasingly active in neo-fascism, he organized conferences in Malmö in 1951 which led to the formation of a pan-European nationalist group known as the European Social Movement and then led the more radical splinter group known as the New European Order later that year. This group sought the creation of a new Rome–Berlin axis to unite Europe against capitalism and communism and in January 1953 set up a European Liaison Office under Amaudruz in Lausanne to co-ordinate the work of affiliated groups. He also came an early member of the Volkspartei der Schweiz but left the party over the issue of South Tyrol (where he was opposed to irredentism). Of all the groups involved Amaudruz was closest to Ordine Nuovo. Conferences were held irregularly, although membership was fluid and Amaudruz devoted much of his time to writing for journals such as Nation Europa.
| [
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"text": "he came to wider attention in 1949 when he published Ub... |
Simone Alaimo | [
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"indices": [
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"target": "Villabate"
},
{
"indices": [
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"target": "La Scala"
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{
"indices": [
198,
215
],
"target": "Gaetano Donizetti"
},
{
"indices": [
218,
230
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"target": "Don Pasqua... | p_3366 | A native of Villabate, Alaimo studied at the Palermo Conservatory and then the L'Accademia di La Scala in Milan before making his début in 1977 at the Teatro Fraschini in Pavia as the title hero in Gaetano Donizetti's Don Pasquale. Shortly thereafter he joined the roster of singers at the Teatro Massimo in his home city. In 1980 he made his first appearance at the Piccola Scala in a production of Carlo Evasio Soliva's La testa di bronzo and performed for the first time at the Maggio Musicale Fiorentino as Radamanto in Giulio Caccini's Euridice. That year also marked his debut at the Festival de Ópera de Las Palmas and the Teatro Carlo Felice, two places he has sung with some frequency. In 1982 he performed for the first time at the Teatro di San Carlo, the Teatro dell'Opera di Roma, the Liceu, and the Rossini Opera Festival. He sang the role of Mustafà in Gioachino Rossini's L'italiana in Algeri for his United States debut at the Lyric Opera of Chicago in 1987. He reprised the role the following year for his first performance in the United Kingdom at the Royal Opera, London.
| [
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"text": "In 1982 he performed for the first time at the Teatr... |
Froilano de Mello | [
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"target": "Parasitology"
},
{
"indices": [
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"target": "Berlin"
},
{
"indices": [
201,
221
],
"target": "Max Planck Society"
},
{
"indices": [
223,
230
],
"target": "Potsd... | p_3367 | During the same period, he also served as Chief of Public Health for Portuguese India. He undertook a postgraduate course in parasitology in Kaiser Willhelm Institute fuer Biologie, Berlin, and at the Max Planck Institute, Potsdam, Germany from 1922–23. In 1922, at the age of 35, Mello became a Colonel in the Portuguese Army Medical Corps, achieving the highest rank in the medical military hierarchy of that time, exclusively through merits in the medical campaigns on Public Health which he carried out in Goa, Daman, Diu, and in Angola. Mello was the head of a Portuguese delegation to the World Leprosy Conference in Cuba and is known to have attended at least 40 World Conferences, including the All India Sanitary Conference in Lucknow (1914) and the Third Entomological Meeting in Lucknow (1914) where, at the invitation of the Governor-General of India, he lectured on medical mycology. His researches in tropical medicine brought him international fame and recognition as a world-renowned expert on the subject. Mello published more than 200 research papers on bacteriology in Portuguese, French and English journals. He founded the following medical journals in Goa, Boletim Geral de Medicina, Arquivos Indo-Portugueses de Medicina e Historia Natural, and Arquivos da Escola Medico–Cirurgica de Nova Goa. His work in French entitled, A la veille du Centenaire (On the eve of the Centenary) elaborated in great detail the contributions of Goa Medical College during the first hundred years of its establishment. Separate from his medical career, Mello also authored a book in 1946 on the Bengali poet, Rabindranath Tagore entitled O Cantico da Vida na Poesia Tagoreana (The song of life in the poetry of Tagore).
| [
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... |
`Abdu'l-Bahá's journeys to the West | [
{
"indices": [
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"target": "Montreal"
},
{
"indices": [
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"target": "Windsor Station (Montreal)"
},
{
"indices": [
311,
322
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"target": "Peel Street, Montreal"
},
{
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342,
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... | p_3368 | `Abdu'l-Bahá had mentioned an intention of visiting Montreal as early as February 1912 and in August a phone number was listed for inquirers to arrange appointments for his visit there. He left to Boston and then rode to Montreal where he arrived near midnight on 30 August 1912 at the Windsor train station on Peel Street and was greeted by William Sutherland Maxwell. He would stay in Montreal until 9 September. On his first day in the city he was visited by Frederick Robertson Griffin who would later lead the First Unitarian Church of Philadelphia. Later that morning he visited a friend of the Maxwell's who had a sick baby. In the afternoon he took a car ride around Montreal. That evening a reception was held including a local socialist leader. The next day he spoke at a Unitarian church on Sherbrooke Street. Anne Savage recorded that she had sought him out but uncharacteristically was shy upon seeing him. He took up residence in the Windsor Hotel. The next day William Peterson, then Principal of McGill University visited him. After a day of meeting individuals he took an afternoon excursion on his own possibly to the francophone part of the city and back. That evening he spoke to a socialist meeting addressing "The Economic Happiness of the Human Race" — that we are as one family and should care for each other, not to have absolute equality but to have a firm minimum even for the poorest, to note foremost the position of the farmer, and a progressive tax system. The next day he rode the Mountain Elevator of Montreal The next day Paul Bruchési Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Montreal visited him and later he spoke at the Saint James United Church; his talk outlined a comprehensive review of the Bahá'í teachings. Afterwards he said:I find these two great American nations highly capable and advanced in all that appertains to progress and civilization. These governments are fair and equitable. The motives and purposes of these people are lofty and inspiring. Therefore, it is my hope that these revered nations may become prominent factors in the establishment of international peace and the oneness of the world of humanity; that they may lay the foundations of equality and spiritual brotherhood among mankind; that they may manifest the highest virtues of the human world, revere the divine lights of the Prophets of God and establish the reality of unity so necessary today in the affairs of nations. I pray that the nations of the East and West shall become one flock under the care and guidance of the divine Shepherd. Verily, this is the bestowal of God and the greatest honor of man. This is the glory of humanity. This is the good pleasure of God. I ask God for this with a contrite heart.
| [
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"text": "He left to Boston and then rode to Montreal where he ... |
Mark Price (cricketer) | [
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},
{
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"target": "Gloucestershire County Cricket Club"
},
{
"indices": [
7... | p_3369 | Price made his first-class debut for Glamorgan against Gloucestershire in the 1984 County Championship. He made sixteen further first-class appearances for the Welsh county, the last of which came against Sussex in the 1985 County Championship. In his seventeen first-class matches, he took 19 wickets at an average of 42.42, with best figures of 4/97. With the bat, he scored 144 runs at an average of 16.00, with a high score of 36. He made his List A debut for the county against Derbyshire in the 1985 John Player Special League. He made ten further List A appearances for Glamorgan during the 1985 season, the last of which came against Sussex. In his eleven List A appearances, he took 5 wickets at an average of 38.00, with best figures of 3/22. With the bat, he scored 59runs at an average of 9.83, with a high score of 22. He left Glamorgan at the end of that season.
| [
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Alex Jackson (footballer, born 1905) | [
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"indices": [
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"target": "Renton, West Dunbartonshire"
},
{
"indices": [
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"target": "Midfielder"
},
{
"indices": [
137,
147
],
"target": "Free kick (association football)"
},
{
"indices": [
212,
22... | p_3370 | Alex Jackson was born in Renton in 1905. A highly talented winger, known as the Gay Cavalier, he was particularly adept at dribbling and free kicks. He initially played for Renton Victoria but was transferred to Dumbarton in 1922 for the pre-inflation price of a football. In 1923, he left Scotland to play in the American Soccer League with Bethlehem Steel alongside his brother Wattie, before both returned to Scotland to play for Aberdeen. After an impressive debut season for the Dons he joined English side Huddersfield Town, then the reigning League Champions, for a record £5000. Jackson helped Huddersfield retain their league title in 1925–26 and the runners-up spot in the following two years. He also led them to two FA Cup Finals. He scored in the 1928 final against Blackburn Rovers, but it was not enough to prevent a 3–1 loss. In 1930 he was again on the losing side, this time against Arsenal.
| [
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"text": "In 1923, he left Scotland to play in the American Soccer ... |
William Marbury Carpenter | [
{
"indices": [
33,
40
],
"target": "Jackson, Louisiana"
},
{
"indices": [
42,
63
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"target": "East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana"
},
{
"indices": [
65,
74
],
"target": "Louisiana"
},
{
"indices": [
118,
134
],
... | p_3371 | He went into medical practice at Jackson, East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana and continued to pursue an interest in the natural sciences. In 1838, he published a study of a submerged forest he discovered near Port Hudson, East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana. In 1842, he was a professor of "materia medica" at the University of Louisiana, where he was appointed dean in 1845. In 1844, he published a study on the habit of dirt eating among Negro slaves, and he published several other significant studies. He was a leading proponent of research into disease transportability and transmission as related to importation of disease and outbreak of epidemics. He joined the faculty of the Medical College of Louisiana as Professor of Botany and Geology, and from 1845-1846 he was Dean of the Tulane University School of Medicine. From 1846 through 1848, he was editor of the New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal. In early 1846, he met Sir Charles Lyell, who said of him: "His knowledge of botany and geology, as well as his amiable manners, made him a most useful and agreeable companion". His botanical collections were published posthumously and several plants were named in his honor, including the rare flowering California Bush Anemone, Carpenteria californica, which was "named in honour of Professor William M. Carpenter (1811-48), a physician from Louisiana, by its discoverer, Major General John Charles Fremont, who collected it on one of his four journeys of exploration in the extreme west of the United States between 1842 and 1848." Carpenter's Groundcherry (Physalis carpenteri Riddell, 1853 ex Rydberg, 1896), a plant in the nightshade family indigenous to Louisiana, and Carpenter's Oak, Quercus carpenteri Riddell, 1853, also indigenous to Louisiana, were named in his honor by fellow naturalist John Leonard Riddell.
| [
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"indices": [
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"text": "In 1842, he was a professor of \"materia medica\" at the ... |
Sarah Fox | [
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},
{
"indices": [
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76
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"target": "Jenůfa"
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{
"indices": [
109,
121
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"target": "Don Giovanni"
},
{
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147,
165
],
"target": "... | p_3372 | In 2000, Fox made her debut for the Glyndebourne Festival as Karolka (Jenufa), returning in 2002 as Zerlina (Don Giovanni) and in 2003 as Susanna (Le nozze di Figaro). Of her Susanna in Le Nozze di Figaro at the Glyndebourne Festival Barbarina Diana, writing in Il giornale della musica described her performance at Glyndebourne as "a delight for the eye and heart, whose voice, fresh and crystal clear is blessed with a rare beauty accompanied by a strong musicality: 'Deh vieni' interpreted without affectation, directed to her beloved, takes your breath away". With Glyndebourne on tour she has sung Marzelline (Fidelio) and Miss Wordsworth (Albert Herring). In 2004, she made her debut with the Royal Opera Covent Garden as Woglinde (Das Rheingold), returning to the house in 2005 as Waldvogel (Siegfried) and in 2006 as Woglinde (Götterdämmerung). In 2007 she sang Zerlina (Don Giovanni) and Woglinde (Das Rheingold and Götterdämmerung; in 2008, Lucy Lockitt in The Beggars Opera and in 2009, Asteria in Handel's "Tamerlano." Further British engagements include Ann Page (Sir John in Love) with English National Opera, Merab (Saul), Musetta and Mimi (La Bohème) with Opera North, and Servilia (La clemenza di Tito) with Welsh National Opera. At the Edinburgh Festival, her roles have included Iphis (Jephtha) and Cleofide (Poro).
| [
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"indices": [
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"text": "In 2004, she made her debut with the Royal Opera Cov... |
Battle of Chongju (1950) | [
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"target": "United Nations Command"
},
{
"indices": [
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"target": "Yalu River"
},
{
"indices": [
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158
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"target": "North Korea"
},
{
"indices": [
171,
182
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"target": "... | p_3373 | The Battle of Chongju (29–30 October 1950) took place during the United Nations Command (UN) offensive towards the Yalu River, which followed the North Korean invasion of South Korea at the start of the Korean War. The battle was fought between Australian forces from 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (3 RAR) and the 17th Tank Brigade of the Korean People's Army (KPA) for control of Chongju, North Korea and the surrounding area. After detecting a strong KPA armoured force equipped with T-34 tanks and SU-76 self-propelled guns on a thickly wooded ridgeline astride the line of advance, the Australians launched a series of company attacks with American M4 Sherman tanks and aircraft in support. Despite heavy resistance the KPA were forced to withdraw and the Australians captured their objectives after three hours of fighting.
| [
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"context": [
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"indices": [
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537
],
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"text": "a strong KPA armoured force equipped with T-34 tanks and ... |
Paul Jackson (producer) | [
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"target": "Bill Cotton"
},
{
"indices": [
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"target": "Red Dwarf"
},
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"indices": [
461,
467
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"target": "Bottom (TV series)"
},
{
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574,
587
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"target": "Sat... | p_3374 | Jackson was a member of the council of IPPA, a forerunner of Pact, the body which established terms for trade between independent producers and the BBC and other broadcasters. PJP was eventually taken over by Noel Gay Television, a company chaired by the British entertainment executive, Bill Cotton. Jackson served as the Managing Director and the company produced Red Dwarf, the long-running and internationally successful comedy series, the pilot episode of Bottom (Rik Mayall and Adrian Edmonson) and, working with LWT, the hugely influential Channel Four variety show, Saturday Live. Saturday Live featured such comedy stars as Lenny Henry, Pamela Stephenson, Michael Barrymore, Peter Cook and Barry Humphries and brought to prominence talents such as Ben Elton (as a performer), Fry and Laurie, Harry Enfield and Julian Clary. The company also held the contract to provide all entertainment programming for the short lived UK satellite service, British Satellite Broadcasting and produced shows featuring then unknown names such as Armando Ianucci, Steve Coogan, Lee Evans and Jack Dee, as well as The Happening, a precursor to the long-running BBC show Later... with Jools Holland. In 1988 Jackson also co-produced the Oscar-winning short film, The Appointments of Dennis Jennings, starring Steven Wright and Rowan Atkinson.
| [
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"end": 229,
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"text": "Best Live Action Short Film"
}
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Scythian Monks | [
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{
"indices": [
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{
"indices": [
182,
194
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"target": "Anastasius I Dicorus"
},
{
"indices": [
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436
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"target... | p_3375 | The monks initially won the support of Vitalian, an East Roman general who was the magister militum of Thrace and the leader of a powerful pro-Chalcedonian rebellion against Emperor Anastasius I, who was a convinced Monophysite. Vitalian was a native of Scythia Minor and one of the Scythian monks was a relative of his. The rebellion started in 512, when a nearly identical formula to that of the Scythian monks, added to the Trisagion in the liturgy of Hagia Sophia, was removed by Emperor Anastasius II. The rebellion continued until 515, when Vitalian was defeated and forced to go into hiding. By the reign of Anastasius' successor, Justin I, orthodoxy extended even to the army: soldiers were ordered to subscribe to the creed of Chalcedon or be deprived of their rations. At the beginning of the year 519, a delegation of Scythian monks traveled to Constantinople under the leadership of John Maxentius to bring their case before Emperor Justin I, proposing a new solution by arguing in favor of their formula. They were fiercely opposed by legates from Rome and by the Sleepless Monks (so-called for their around-the-clock prayer in eight-hour shifts) ironically, in trying to combat the Eutychian tendencies of the Scythian monks, the Sleepless Monks themselves shifted into Nestorianism, and were excommunicated by Pope John II for this). Faced with this opposition, the Scythian monks' view was that although the Chalcedonian definition (strongly supported by Rome) was indeed an orthodox expression of the faith, it was susceptible to a Nestorian misinterpretation which would in effect split Christ into two persons despite the verbal acknowledgment that Christ has only one person. The Scythian monks' proposal was not well received, mainly because of the timing: the monks arrived in Constantinople just as the emperor Justin I was negotiating an end to the Acacian schism. This split between Rome and Constantinople originated in 484 when Pope Felix III excommunicated Acacius, the Patriarch of Constantinople, for attempting to evade the council of Chalcedon in his attempt to bring the Monophysites back under control. Acacius had advised Emperor Zeno to issue a statement, the Henotikon (the "act of union"; 482), which was an attempt to reconcile the differences between the supporters of Orthodoxy and of Monophysitism. But the Henotikon failed to insist upon Chalcedon as the standard of orthodoxy, and the Council of Chalcedon, because of its endorsement of the Tome of Pope Leo I, had become a mark of the prestige of the Roman See. Acacius's apparent attempt to ignore Chalcedon was seen as an insult against Rome's claim to be the gold standard of orthodoxy. By the time the monks arrived in Constantinople, the political landscape changed and Emperor Justin's policies were directed more to the west than to the east where the Monophysites were dominant. This policy led him, in 519, to accede to Rome's demand that Chalcedon be the official christological confession of the empire. He received the emissaries from Rome in triumphal procession, and Patriarch John of Constantinople signed documents ending the thirty-five-year-old schism. Thus, when the Scythian monks arrived on the scene urging that the resolutions of Chalcedon needed to be supplemented with their Theopaschite formula, no one was willing to listen. The Scythian monks' views were interpreted as an attack on the Council of Chalcedon and thus a threat to the newly established reunion between Rome and Constantinople. A bishop from North Africa named Possessor, who was in Constantinople at the same time as the Scythian monks, also opposed their christological position by citing Faustus of Riez, whom the Scythian monks accused of the Pelagian heresy.
| [
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77... |
Chantal Kreviazuk production discography | [
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"target": "Rock music"
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401
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"target": "Sony Ca... | p_3376 | Canadian singer-songwriter, producer and pianist Chantal Kreviazuk has written, produced and performed on albums and tracks for a wide range recording artists, spanning from adult contemporary, pop, rock, to indie and hip-hop music. Initially, she began writing her own pop songs, especially after a 1994 motorcycle accident in Italy left her immobile for several months, and was signed by Sony Canada, where she released her debut album in June 1997. Chantal later released another album in 1999, before being featured in a range of soundtracks to films and TV series. Chantal began writing for other artists in 2001, where she co-wrote the song "Always and Forever" for Eleanor McCain. However, it was only in 2004 that Chantal started writing for more artists and received recognition as a songwriter. In the summer of 2003, Chantal met Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne, they formed a relationship of mutual respect and sisterhood, and eventually became songwriting partners. They co-wrote six songs for Lavigne's sophomore album, Under My Skin (2004): "Slipped Away," "Forgotten," "Together," "How Does It Feel," "He Wasn't" and "Who Knows." Kreviazuk described "He Wasn't" as "a super-fun, punk, screw-you-to-boys song," while "Forgotten" is a driving rock song inspired by similarly vibed music Lavigne was consumed with at the time. Also in 2004, Chantal co-wrote "Rich Girl", for Gwen Stefani's solo debut album, "Love. Angel. Music. Baby.", along with Dr. Dre, Jerry Bock, Mark Batson, Kara DioGuardi, Mike Elizondo, Sheldon Harnick and Eve. The song became a chart success, reaching the top-ten in over fifteen countries. Chantal also wrote for Kelly Clarkson's breakthrough album "Breakaway" in the end of 2004, sharing writing credits for the tracks "Where is Your Heart" and "Walk Away". In 2005, Chantal's co-writing song "He Wasn't" was released as Lavigne's final single from "Under My Skin", receiving a moderate impact on the charts and reaching only the top-forty in some countries. While in 2006, Clarkson's "Walk Away" was released as "Breakaway"'s final single, reaching the top-twenty in some countries.
| [
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"answer": {
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{
"end": 494,
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"text": "Toronto"
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... |
A. F. K. Organski | [
{
"indices": [
28,
32
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"target": "Rome"
},
{
"indices": [
34,
39
],
"target": "Italy"
},
{
"indices": [
115,
128
],
"target": "United States"
},
{
"indices": [
165,
181
],
"target": "Benito Mussolini"
},
... | p_3377 | A.F.K. Organski was born in Rome, Italy. As a youth, he attended the Ginnasio Liceo Torquato Tasso. He went to the United States fleeing the anti-Jewish laws of the Benito Mussolini regime and later served with the American armed forces in the Pacific theater from 1943 to 1945. After World War II, he settled in New York City, where he became an American citizen in 1944 and earned his B.A. (1947), M.A. (1948), and Ph.D. (1951) degrees from New York University. In 1952 he started teaching at the Brooklyn College, moving in 1964 to the University of Michigan, where he became professor of political science and senior research scientist in the Institute for Social Research. He co-founded Decision Insights, a consulting firm focused on introducing scientific rigor to the execution of policy and decision making in government and business.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
417,
463
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Ph.D. (1951) degrees from New York University."
}
... |
Keith Elias | [
{
"indices": [
18,
33
],
"target": "1996 NFL season"
},
{
"indices": [
72,
81
],
"target": "1996 New York Giants season"
},
{
"indices": [
121,
133
],
"target": "Dave Meggett"
},
{
"indices": [
429,
446
],
"t... | p_3378 | Elias entered the 1996 NFL season as the likely third down back for the 1996 team. In 1995 no one had emerged to replace Dave Meggett in that role. Elias again had strong preseason performances. In one early August exhibition game he scored two touchdowns. By August 22, he led the Giants in preseason carries. He entered the season as the first option third down back, ahead of Wheatley. In the September 30 contest against the Minnesota Vikings, John Randle picked fights with some of the Giants, including Elias. Elias suffered turf toe in that game and it affected him in the next as well. He also had an October ankle injury, which consisted of both a sprain and a bone chip. That injury kept him out of the lineup, making Wheatley the third down back by default. Elias did not get his third down role back until mid-November. When he finally returned to this role, he was able to perform as needed. However, he was soon suffering from a torn posterior cruciate ligament and a damaged meniscus in need of surgery and was lost for the season. He had immediate November surgery, which revealed that the ligament was 90% torn, but would heal on its own. It kept him out of the lineup for the rest of the season, however. He finished the season on injured reserve. During the offseason, he got involved as a narrator for the Westchester Philharmonic. As the Giants prepared for the 1997 NFL Draft they attempted to resign Elias.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"answer_value": "yes",
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{
"indices": [
914,
998
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"text": "he was soon suffering from a torn posterior cruciate l... |
Ron Ellis | [
{
"indices": [
64,
81
],
"target": "Toronto Marlboros"
},
{
"indices": [
89,
115
],
"target": "Ontario Hockey Association"
},
{
"indices": [
167,
179
],
"target": "Memorial Cup"
},
{
"indices": [
222,
229
],
... | p_3379 | Ellis was signed by the Leafs and played junior hockey with the Toronto Marlboros of the Ontario Hockey Association from 1961–1964. He played on the team that won the Memorial Cup in 1964. Ellis became a full-time Leaf in 1964–65 and played 11 seasons to 1974–75, winning the Stanley Cup in 1967. He was also a member of Team Canada at the 1972 Summit Series. Ellis retired at age 30 during training camp in 1975, coming off the most productive season of his career with 61 points. He said he no longer had the desire to play and denied that his decision had anything to do with being passed over as team captain in favour of Darryl Sittler a month earlier. In 1977, Ellis came out of retirement to play for Canada at the world hockey championships and then decided to resume his NHL career with the Leafs in 1977–78.
| [
{
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187
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He played on the team that won the Memorial Cup in 1964"
... |
James Lawrence King | [
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"indices": [
8,
13
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},
{
"indices": [
15,
22
],
"target": "Florida"
},
{
"indices": [
40,
69
],
"target": "Bachelor of Education"
},
{
"indices": [
86,
107
],
"target": "University of Fl... | p_3380 | Born in Miami, Florida, King received a Bachelor of Arts in Education degree from the University of Florida in 1949 and a Bachelor of Laws from the Fredric G. Levin College of Law at the University of Florida in 1953. There, he was a member of the law review and Phi Kappa Tau Fraternity. King served in the United States Air Force from 1953 to 1955 and was in a private law practice in Miami from 1953 until 1964 when he became a member of the Florida Board of Regents. From 1964 until 1970, he was a circuit judge of the Eleventh Judicial Circuit Court of Florida. During his service as a circuit judge, King sat by designation with the Florida Supreme Court in 1965 and with the Florida Third District Court of Appeal from 1966 to 1967.
| [
{
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{
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0,
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"text": "Born in Miami, Florida, King received a Bachelor of Arts in... |
Angelo Carbone | [
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"indices": [
101,
105
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},
{
"indices": [
154,
161
],
"target": "Serie B"
},
{
"indices": [
173,
187
],
"target": "1988–89 Serie B"
},
{
"indices": [
210,
217
],
"target": "Serie A"... | p_3381 | Carbone had a much travelled career, playing for ten different clubs. He began his youth career with Bari, making his professional debut with the club in Serie B during the 1988–89 season, earning promotion to Serie A. During his first season in Serie A, he broke into the starting line-up, making 26 appearances and scoring a goal against Inter at the San Siro stadium. In 1990, he moved to Milan at the request of manager Arrigo Sacchi. During his first season with the club, he made 21 appearances in Serie A, making his club debut on 9 September 1990, in a 1–0 home win over Genoa in Serie A. He also made his UEFA Champions League debut, scoring a goal against Club Bruges, and he started in Milan's European Supercup and Intercontinental Cup victories in 1990.
| [
{
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{
"indices": [
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],
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"text": "He began his youth career with Bari, making his profession... |
Philosophy of biology | [
{
"indices": [
131,
145
],
"target": "English Americans"
},
{
"indices": [
223,
245
],
"target": "Continental philosophy"
},
{
"indices": [
436,
451
],
"target": "Gerhard Vollmer"
},
{
"indices": [
600,
610
],
... | p_3382 | While the overwhelming majority of English-speaking scholars operating under the banner of "philosophy of biology" work within the Anglo-American tradition of analytical philosophy, there is a stream of philosophic work in continental philosophy which seeks to deal with issues deriving from biological science. The communication difficulties involved between these two traditions are well known, not helped by differences in language. Gerhard Vollmer is often thought of as a bridge but, despite his education and residence in Germany, he largely works in the Anglo-American tradition, particularly pragmatism, and is famous for his development of Konrad Lorenz's and Willard Van Orman Quine's idea of evolutionary epistemology. On the other hand, one scholar who has attempted to give a more continental account of the philosophy of biology is Hans Jonas. His "The Phenomenon of Life" (New York, 1966) sets out boldly to offer an "existential interpretation of biological facts", starting with the organism's response to stimulus and ending with man confronting the Universe, and drawing upon a detailed reading of phenomenology. This is unlikely to have much influence on mainstream philosophy of biology, but indicates, as does Vollmer's work, the current powerful influence of biological thought on philosophy. Another account is given by the late Virginia Tech philosopher Marjorie Grene.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 278,
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"text": "Mönchengladbach"
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82nd Rifle Corps | [
{
"indices": [
36,
45
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"target": "34th Army (Soviet Union)"
},
{
"indices": [
53,
71
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"target": "Northwestern Front"
},
{
"indices": [
263,
298
],
"target": "Reserve of the Supreme High Command"
},
{
"indices": [
318,
... | p_3383 | The corps was formed as part of the 34th Army of the Northwestern Front on 15 July 1943 under the command of Major General Pavel Kuznetsov, who led it for the rest of the war. It initially existed as a headquarters without assigned troops, and transferred to the Reserve of the Supreme High Command in August with the 1st and 10th Guards Airborne Divisions. In September it was transferred to the 37th Army of the Steppe Front (the 2nd Ukrainian Front from 20 October), being reinforced by the 188th Rifle Division. The corps fought in the capture of Left-bank Ukraine east of Kremenchuk, then crossed the Dnieper and captured a bridgehead northwest of Mishurin Rog during the Battle of the Dnieper. Between October and December it attacked towards Krivoi Rog. The 1st Guards Airborne was replaced by the 89th Guards Rifle Division in October, and the latter was replaced by the 28th Guards Rifle Division the following month. The 15th Guards Rifle Division replaced the 10th Guards Airborne in January 1944.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 376,
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Missoni | [
{
"indices": [
102,
111
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"target": "Gallarate"
},
{
"indices": [
185,
190
],
"target": "Milan"
},
{
"indices": [
259,
270
],
"target": "Anna Piaggi"
},
{
"indices": [
328,
344
],
"target": "Emmanuelle Khanh... | p_3384 | The business was founded in 1953, when Ottavio and Rosita Missoni set up a small knitwear workshop in Gallarate, Italy. They presented their first collection under the Missoni label in Milan in 1958. The business prospered, with the support of fashion editor Anna Piaggi, then at Arianna magazine. Rosita met the French stylist Emmanuelle Khanh in New York in 1965, which led to a collaboration and a new collection the following year. In April 1967, they were invited to show at the Pitti Palace in Florence. Rosita told the models to remove their bras, supposedly because they were the wrong color, and showed through the thin lamé blouses. The material became transparent under the lights and caused a sensation. The Missonis were not invited back the following year, but the business grew; a new factory in Sumirago was built in 1969. Missoni designs were championed in the USA by Diana Vreeland, editor of American Vogue, and a Missoni boutique was opened in Bloomingdales.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "21",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
120,
198
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "They presented their first collection under the Misso... |
Dance (Nina Girado song) | [
{
"indices": [
77,
88
],
"target": "Quezon City"
},
{
"indices": [
187,
212
],
"target": "Choreography"
},
{
"indices": [
267,
284
],
"target": "However Much Love"
},
{
"indices": [
476,
490
],
"target": "Ran... | p_3385 | Stay Alive was launched on November 22, 2011 at Patio Carlitos, White House, Quezon City. Nina sang three songs from the album including the lead single "Dance", which she performed with choreographed dance moves. She also performed the critically acclaimed ballad, "However Much Love", and her own composition, "You Should Know". On December 1, 2011, she promoted her album on Happy Yipee Yehey! after performing the song live, where she also did a duet with the show's host Randy Santiago. On December 11, 2011, she launched the album in Party Pilipinas, the rival program of variety show ASAP which she became part of. She performed "Dance" with Frencheska Farr and Julie Anne San Jose. She also guested in Joe D' Mango's midnight radio show on DZMM entitled LoveNotes, where she sang a few songs from the album including "Hagkan", "Laging Ikaw" and "However Much Love". Also, the music video for "Dance" had its nationwide premiere during the show. The episode aired on December 13, 2011. On New Year's Eve 2012, the song was played inside Big Brother's house on . On January 29, 2012, Stay Alive Mall Tour had its first leg at Market! Market! Taguig, where Nina performed most of the album songs with intensive choreography including "Dance", "Staying Alive" and "Only with You". On February 5, 2012, she promoted the album at SM City Baguio as part of the mall tour, where she performed "Dance" and other Stay Alive songs. She also sang her number-one hits "Love Moves in Mysterious Ways" and "Someday".
| [
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"indices": [
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"text": "Stay Alive was launched on November 22, 2011 at Patio Carlit... |
U.S. Route 311 | [
{
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21,
26
],
"target": "U.S. Route 52 in North Carolina"
},
{
"indices": [
27,
31
],
"target": "North Carolina Highway 8"
},
{
"indices": [
47,
64
],
"target": "Winston-Salem, North Carolina"
},
{
"indices": [
... | p_3386 | US 311 begins at the US 52/NC 8 interchange in Winston-Salem, NC. It follows N Martin Luther King Jr Dr for a short time before continuing northeast along a two-lane road. It travels northeast and intersects NC 66 at the edge of Walkertown, then turns to follow Harley Drive and turns again to follow Main Street through town. Leaving Walkertown, the road takes the local name of Walnut Cove Road. At the southern edge of the town of Walnut Cove NC 65 joins for a short concurrency. At the northern boundary of Walnut Cove, NC 89 has its terminus at US 311, and the highway turns northeast. North Carolina Highway 772 terminates at US 311 near Pine Hall and entering the town of Madison, US 311 takes a westerly route. West of Madison, it joins with Future Interstate 73/US 220 briefly to Mayodan, then leaving the freeway, it joins with NC 135 towards Eden. Three other NC routes join with 311 in Eden in short succession: NC 770, NC 87 and NC 14, then the 4 joined routes cross the Dan River along Van Buren Street in Eden. US 311 leaves Van Buren Street on a grade-separated interchange onto Meadow Road near the Eden Mall, heading northeast into a rural area before crossing into Virginia.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"... |
1993–94 San Antonio Spurs season | [
{
"indices": [
4,
22
],
"target": "1993–94 NBA season"
},
{
"indices": [
57,
88
],
"target": "National Basketball Association"
},
{
"indices": [
160,
169
],
"target": "Alamodome"
},
{
"indices": [
229,
242
],
... | p_3387 | The 1993–94 NBA season was the Spurs' 18th season in the National Basketball Association, and 27th season as a franchise. It was also their first season at the Alamodome. During the offseason, the Spurs acquired All-Star forward Dennis Rodman from the Detroit Pistons, and signed free agent Sleepy Floyd. Rodman led the league with 17.6 rebounds per game as the Spurs went on an 8-game winning streak after a 4–5 start to the season. The team would then win 13 consecutive games between January and February, and finish second in the Midwest Division with a 55–27 record. David Robinson captured the scoring title leading the league with 29.8 points per game, and was selected for the 1994 NBA All-Star Game. However, in the first round of the playoffs, Rodman became a distraction as he scuffled with head coach John Lucas as the Spurs lost to the 5th-seeded Utah Jazz in four games.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 39132,
"passage": "national basketball association",
"start": 39086,
"text": "Adam Silver, Commissioner from 2014 to present"
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],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "sp... |
2009–10 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team | [
{
"indices": [
11,
26
],
"target": "2008–09 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team"
},
{
"indices": [
284,
308
],
"target": "2009 Big East Men's Basketball Tournament"
},
{
"indices": [
317,
352
],
"target": "2009 National Invitation To... | p_3388 | The Hoyas′ previous season had been a disappointing one in which the relatively young and experienced Georgetown team had fallen from a Top Ten ranking in early January 2009 to a 16–15 finish in March that ended with the loss of 12 out of 16 games and first-round exits from both the 2009 Big East Tournament and the 2009 National Invitation Tournament. The Hoyas had lost starting forward DaJuan Summers after the end of the season when he chose to forego his senior year of college and enter the 2009 National Basketball Association draft, as well as starting guard Jessie Sapp, who graduated, and reserve guard/forward Omar Wattad, who transferred. But with freshman forwards Jerrelle Benimon and Hollis Thompson joining the team and sophomore starting center Greg Monroe, junior reserve center Henry Sims, junior starting guards Austin Freeman and Chris Wright, junior reserve forward Julian Vaughn, and sophomore reserve forward Jason Clark all returning, the Hoyas expected to bounce back in 2009–10. The preseason Associated Press Poll ranked them No. 20.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 915,
"passage": "jerrelle benimon",
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"text": "Virginia"
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{
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... |
Theodor Lewald | [
{
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54,
66
],
"target": "Fanny Lewald"
},
{
"indices": [
101,
108
],
"target": "Prussia"
},
{
"indices": [
202,
218
],
"target": "Louisiana Purchase Exposition"
},
{
"indices": [
240,
253
],
"targe... | p_3389 | Lewald was born in 1860; his aunt was Jewish novelist Fanny Lewald. Lewald became a civil servant in Prussia in 1885, and became the acting Reich Commissioner in 1903. In that role, Lewald attended the 1904 Worlds Fair (held along with the Olympic Games), where he disagreed with Kaiser Wilhelm II over whether the Deutscher Olympischer Sportbund, of which he was the President, should be politically independent. After Berlin won the right to stage the 1916 Summer Olympics (which were later cancelled due to the outbreak of World War I), Lewald encouraged the German Reich to invest in the games, arguing that it was comparable to a World Trade Exhibition. Lewald retired from government in 1923; he had been the under Secretary of State. In 1935, Lewald recommended that Pierre de Coubertin be awarded a Nobel Prize.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 728,
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"text": "Adolf Stahr"
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... |
Holden Caprice | [
{
"indices": [
238,
246
],
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},
{
"indices": [
266,
300
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"target": "Power seat"
},
{
"indices": [
339,
354
],
"target": "Head restraint"
},
{
"indices": [
430,
433
],
"target": "Liquid-cr... | p_3390 | In 2008, Holden recommenced Caprice exports to South Korea as the Daewoo Veritas after showcasing a pre-production Daewoo L4X in 2007. Compared to the Australian-specification model, the Veritas is V6-powered only and has a modified rear floorpan to accommodate the electrically adjustable rear seats incorporating a massage function. The head restraints are also electrically adjustable, with the Caprice's dual headrest-mounted LCD screens orphaned in favour of a single, ceiling-mounted unit. GM Daewoo announced an updated Veritas on 31 March 2009 to take effect from 1 April. The update, which was yet to be seen in other markets, comprised a revised powertrain combination, featuring a new direct injection version of the 3.6-litre Alloytec engine. This new engine results in a power increase from to together with more torque and a reduced fuel consumption figure. These efficiency improvements have been enough to satisfy the government of South Korea's "Korea Ultra-Low Emission Vehicle" (KULEV) requirements. In place of the five-speed automatic transmission previously, these revised models ship with a six-speed GM 6L50 unit, featuring Active Select.
| [
{
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"text": "General Motors"
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... |
SMS Gazelle | [
{
"indices": [
89,
109
],
"target": "Halifax, Nova Scotia"
},
{
"indices": [
138,
158
],
"target": "Saint Lawrence River"
},
{
"indices": [
186,
194
],
"target": "Montreal"
},
{
"indices": [
323,
336
],
"targ... | p_3391 | Gazelle then joined Vineta for a cruise in North American waters that included a stop in Halifax, Nova Scotia; the ships then entered the Saint Lawrence River, steaming as far inland as Montreal, Canada. Gazelle arrived back in the Caribbean on 27 October, stopping in Saint Thomas. By the end of the year, Gazelle lay off Santo Domingo, the capital of the Dominican Republic; she had sent a landing party ashore to protect the German consulate owing to unrest in the country. She then moved to Port-au-Prince to send a detachment ashore there as well. Gazelle moved to Veracruz, Mexico in January 1904, where her commander made an official visit to the President of Mexico, Porfirio Díaz. The ship visited Belize in British Honduras and several islands in the area. She next returned to Newport News for maintenance, where she was visited by Theodore Roosevelt, the President of the United States. On 19 June, she was recalled to Germany, arriving back in Kiel on 18 July. She was decommissioned in Danzig on 3 August and taken into the Kaiserliche Werft (Imperial Shipyard) there for an overhaul. During the overhaul, her troublesome Niclausse boilers were replaced with navy-built models.
| [
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... |
Primus inter pares | [
{
"indices": [
29,
34
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"target": "Latin"
},
{
"indices": [
244,
253
],
"target": "Seniority"
},
{
"indices": [
283,
299
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"target": "Princeps senatus"
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{
"indices": [
307,
319
],
"target": "Roman Senate"... | p_3392 | Primus inter pares (, ) is a Latin phrase meaning first among equals. It is typically used as an honorary title for someone who is formally equal to other members of their group, but is accorded unofficial respect, traditionally owing to their seniority in office. Historically, the princeps senatus of the Roman Senate was such a figure and initially bore only the distinction that he was allowed to speak first during debate. Also, Constantine the Great was given the role of primus inter pares. However, the term is also often used ironically or self-deprecatingly by leaders with much higher status as a form of respect, camaraderie, or propaganda. After the fall of the Republic, Roman emperors initially referred to themselves only as princeps despite having power of life and death over their "fellow citizens". Various modern figures such as the chair of the United States Federal Reserve System, the prime minister of parliamentary countries, the federal president of Switzerland, the chief justice of the United States, the chief justice of the Philippines, the archbishop of Canterbury of the Anglican Communion and the ecumenical patriarch of the Eastern Orthodox Church fall under both senses: bearing higher status and various additional powers while remaining still merely equal to their peers in important senses.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "31",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
428,
497
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Also, Constantine the Great was given the role of pri... |
1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado | [
{
"indices": [
43,
65
],
"target": "1999 Oklahoma tornado outbreak"
},
{
"indices": [
129,
143
],
"target": "Great Plains"
},
{
"indices": [
310,
320
],
"target": "Supercell"
},
{
"indices": [
389,
413
],
"ta... | p_3393 | The Bridge Creek–Moore tornado was part of a much larger outbreak, which produced 71 tornadoes across five states throughout the Central Plains on May 3 alone, along with an additional 25 that touched down a day later in some of the areas affected by the previous day's activity (some of which were spawned by supercells that developed on the evening of May 3), stretching eastward to the Mississippi River Valley. On the morning of May 3, in its Day 1 Convective Outlook for the United States, the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) – based in Norman, Oklahoma, approximately south of the tornado's eventual damage path – issued a slight risk of severe thunderstorms from southern Nebraska to central Texas. SPC analysis had detected the presence of a dry line that stretched from western Kansas into western Texas that was approaching a warm, humid air-mass over the Central Plains; the conditions ahead of the dry line and a connecting trough positioned over northeastern Colorado appeared to favor the development of thunderstorms later that day that would contain large hail, damaging straight-line winds, and isolated tornadoes.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 448,
"passage": "1999 oklahoma tornado outbreak",
"start": 399,
"text": " Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Texas, and Arkansas."
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span... |
Punjabi language | [
{
"indices": [
85,
92
],
"target": "Persian language"
},
{
"indices": [
167,
178
],
"target": "Indus River"
},
{
"indices": [
225,
238
],
"target": "Turco-Persian tradition"
},
{
"indices": [
253,
263
],
"tar... | p_3394 | The word Punjabi (sometimes spelled Panjabi) has been derived from the word Panj-āb, Persian for "Five Waters", referring to the five major eastern tributaries of the Indus River. The name of the region was introduced by the Turko-Persian conquerors of South Asia and was a translation of the Sanskrit name for the region, Panchanada, which means "Land of the Five Rivers". Panj is cognate with Sanskrit () and Greek (pénte) and Lithuanian Penki - "five", and "āb" is cognate with Sanskrit (áp) and with the of . The historical Punjab region, now divided between India and Pakistan, is defined physiographically by the Indus River and these five tributaries. One of the five, the Beas River, is a tributary of another, the Sutlej.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 3646,
"passage": "indus river",
"start": 3608,
"text": "Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej,"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
... |
Rebel Wilson | [
{
"indices": [
79,
102
],
"target": "Endeavor (company)"
},
{
"indices": [
140,
151
],
"target": "Judd Apatow"
},
{
"indices": [
158,
169
],
"target": "Bridesmaids (2011 film)"
},
{
"indices": [
212,
222
],
"... | p_3395 | After moving to the United States, Wilson signed to talent and literary agents William Morris Endeavor. Wilson's next film role came in the Judd Apatow film, Bridesmaids, in which she played Brynn, the sister of Matt Lucas' character. The role was written especially for her. Wilson then appeared in the CBS sitcom Rules of Engagement and on the Comedy Central series, Workaholics. She co-hosted the 2010 ARIA Music Awards and performed at the inaugural Variety’s Power of Comedy event in Los Angeles with Lucas and Russell Brand. In early 2011, Wilson filmed A Few Best Men at Fox Studios Australia. She also filmed a role in Small Apartments. Wilson was named one of Variety magazine's "Top Ten Comics to Watch for 2011." In 2012, Wilson had a role in the ensemble comedy What to Expect When You're Expecting, as Janice, and co-starred in the indie film Struck By Lightning.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
276,
334
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Wilson then appeared in the CBS sitcom Rules of Engagemen... |
James Kempt | [
{
"indices": [
58,
64
],
"target": "Brevet (military)"
},
{
"indices": [
65,
72
],
"target": "Colonel (United Kingdom)"
},
{
"indices": [
105,
147
],
"target": "Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington"
},
{
"indices": [
1... | p_3396 | Employed from 1807 to 1811 on the staff in North America, Brevet-Colonel Kempt at the end of 1811 joined Arthur Wellesley, Marquess of Wellington's army in Spain with the local rank of major general, which was, on 1 January 1812, made substantive. As one of Thomas Picton's brigadiers, Kempt took part in the great assault on Badajoz and was severely wounded. On rejoining for duty, he was posted to the command of a brigade of the Light Division (43rd Regiment of Foot, 95th Rifles, and 3rd Portuguese Light Infantry) in time to fight at the Battle of Vitoria on 21 June 1813. He also led his brigade at the Battle of the Pyrenees at the end of July, and at the Battle of the Bidassoa, where his troops stormed French defenses near Mont La Rhune on 7 October. While still commanding his brigade at the Battle of Nivelle on 10 November, he was again wounded. In 1814, he led his brigade at the battles of Orthez and Toulouse.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "42",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
1,
246
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "mployed from 1807 to 1811 on the staff in North America... |
Battle of Erzurum (1877) | [
{
"indices": [
23,
35
],
"target": "Imperial Russian Army"
},
{
"indices": [
354,
363
],
"target": "Desertion"
},
{
"indices": [
464,
471
],
"target": "Erzurum"
},
{
"indices": [
913,
921
],
"target": "Redoub... | p_3397 | On 4 November 1877 the Russian army achieved a victory at Uzunahmet, having inflicted heavy casualties on the Turks, which included 3,000 killed and wounded, 1,000 prisoners and 42 artillery pieces left by the panicked gunners, with a loss of only 1,200 men. Although the Turkish troops ceased resistance and were fleeing in disarray, with 4,000 of them deserting the army, a part of their infantry maintained order and retreated to the well-fortified position in Erzurum with 14 guns. The Russians, being miles away and exhausted by the battle, did not chase them and therefore missed a chance to capture Erzurum on the heels of the fleeing enemy. Having developed a plan of assault on the stronghold, the Russian army advanced under the cover of night, but had difficulties of movement control in the dark. A part of their troops from the 153th Infantry Regiment mistook their direction and captured one of the redoubts, Azizieh, all by themselves, without help from the rest of the army, but had to leave it due to the lack of support. All the three Turkish battalions stationed in the Azizieh redoubt were routed, numbering 1,600, whereas the Russians lost 400 or 600 men in this battle. After the Russians left Azizieh, the Turks made an attempt to counterattack them, but were successfully driven back. As the works of Erzurum were too strong to be taken by assault, the siege park was needed at Kars and in the following days the weather set in with a snowstorm, the Russians decided to withdraw their army and instead attack Kars, which they succeeded in capturing. Ahmed Muhtar Pasha, the Ottoman commander during the siege, requested reinforcements from Istanbul and was receiving them all through November. After epidemics broke out, he withdrew his forces to Bayburt for the remainder of the war. Muhtar Pasha was awarded the title Ghazi for his role in the defence of Erzurum, Gedikler and Yahniler. The city of Erzurum would be captured by the Russians a few months later, on 8 February 1878.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "38",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
67
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "On 4 November 1877 the Russian army achieved a victory a... |
Efraín Ríos Montt | [
{
"indices": [
63,
73
],
"target": "Guatemala"
},
{
"indices": [
126,
148
],
"target": "President of Guatemala"
},
{
"indices": [
158,
171
],
"target": "Huehuetenango"
},
{
"indices": [
182,
190
],
"target": ... | p_3398 | José Efraín Ríos Montt (; June 16, 1926 – April 1, 2018) was a Guatemalan general, politician, and war criminal who served as President of Guatemala. Born in Huehuetenango, he was a dictator who took power as a result of a coup d'état on March 23, 1982. He was overthrown by his defense minister, Óscar Humberto Mejía Victores, in another coup d'état on August 8, 1983. In the 2003 presidential elections, Ríos Montt unsuccessfully ran as the candidate of the Guatemalan Republican Front (FRG). In 2007 he returned to public office as a member of Congress, thereby gaining prosecutorial immunity. He was protected from a pair of long-running lawsuits alleging war crimes against him and a number of his former ministers and counselors during their term in the presidential palace in 1982–83. His immunity ended on January 14, 2012, with the end of his term in legislative office. On January 26, 2012, he appeared in court in Guatemala and was formally indicted for genocide and crimes against humanity.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "people",
"answer_value": "81000",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
150,
172
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Born in Huehuetenango,"
},
{
... |
State government | [
{
"indices": [
3,
8
],
"target": "India"
},
{
"indices": [
71,
87
],
"target": "Government of India"
},
{
"indices": [
155,
175
],
"target": "Parliamentary system"
},
{
"indices": [
232,
253
],
"target": "Con... | p_3399 | In India, the state governments are the level of governments below the Union government. India is a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic with a Parliamentary system of government. The Republic is governed in terms of the Constitution of India. Sovereignty is shared between the union and the state government, but the union government is given greater powers. The President is the constitutional head Executive of the State. Real executive power vests in a Union Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister as head of government. The States resembles the federal system. In the states, the Governor is the head of Executive, but real executive power vests with the Chief Minister who heads the Council of Ministers. The judicial setup of the country is headed by the Chief Justice of India at federal level, who presides over one of the largest judicial apparatus dispensing criminal, civil and all other forms of litigation, and Chief Justices of the High Courts at state level. The government head of its legal wing is the Attorney General of India at federal level and Advocate General at state level.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
434,
494
],
"passage": "main",
"text": ". Real executive power vests in a Union Council of Minist... |
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