title stringlengths 3 83 | links list | pid stringlengths 3 6 | text stringlengths 549 8.52k | questions list |
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Bryan Joseph McEntegart | [
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"target": "Columbia University School of Social Work"
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"target": "Catholic charities"
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1... | p_4100 | After pursuing his graduate studies at the New York School of Social Work (1919-1920), McEntegart was named the first director of the Children's Division in the Catholic Charities of the Archdiocese of New York. During his tenure as director, he also taught courses in child welfare at Fordham Graduate School of Social Service (1920-1930), served on the White House Committee on Child Welfare under Presidents Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt, and was director of the Child Welfare League of America (1931-1937). He was a curate at St. Frances de Sales Church from 1938 to 1941. In 1941 he was elected president of the National Conference of Catholic Charities. From 1941 to 1943, he served as national secretary of the Catholic Near East Welfare Association. He became the first executive director of Catholic Relief Services in 1943. He also served on the board of the United Service Organizations for fourteen years.
| [
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"text": "In 1941 he was elected president of the National Conferen... |
Albert Roux | [
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"target": "Dumbwaiter"
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"target": "Harold Macmillan"
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"target": "Prime... | p_4101 | In one notable incident whilst employed by the Viscountess, Roux managed to jam oeufs en cocotte in a dumbwaiter which were due to go to Harold Macmillan, then Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. Otherwise, his apprenticeship at Cliveden went without problems. He moved on to work at the French embassy in London and became a private chef for Sir Charles Clore. He was then called up by the French Armed Forces to serve his military service in Algeria, where he cooked on occasion for the officer's mess. Once he left the military, he worked as a sous chef at the British Embassy in Paris, before returning to the UK to become private chef to Major Peter Cazalet where he worked for eight years.
| [
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"text": "Shipbourne, Kent"
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... |
Emmett Stuber | [
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"target": "Basketball"
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"target": "Westminster College (Missouri)"
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... | p_4102 | Emmett R. "Abe" Stuber (November 12, 1903 – November 20, 1989) was an American football player and coach of football and basketball. He served as the head football coach at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri from 1929 to 1931, at Southeast Missouri State Teachers College—now known as Southeast Missouri State University—from 1932 to 1946, and at Iowa State University from 1947 to 1953, compiling a career college football coaching record of 116–85–12. He was also the head basketball coach at Southeast Missouri State from 1932 to 1935 and from 1943 to 1946, tallying a mark of 60–42. Stuber played college football as a quarterback at the University of Missouri. He worked as an assistant coach in the National Football League (NFL), with the Philadelphia Eagles in 1955, the Green Bay Packers in 1956, and the Chicago Cardinals in 1958, and later as the director of player personnel for the Cardinals, then located in St. Louis. He died on November 20, 1989 at this home in Cape Girardeau, Missouri.
| [
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"text": "He served as the head football coach at Westminster Colle... |
List of Ripley's Believe It or Not! TV series | [
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"target": "NBC"
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"target": "... | p_4103 | Ripley's Believe It or Not! is the name of several documentary television series based on the newspaper feature. The first series aired on NBC from 1949 to 1950, and was hosted by Robert L. Ripley until his death, after which several substitute hosts filled in. The series was revived again on ABC, running from 1982-1986, and was hosted primarily by Jack Palance. Another revival debuted on TBS in 2000, and aired until 2003, with Dean Cain as the host. A Filipino version, hosted by Chris Tiu, debuted in 2008. An animated series based on the Ripley's franchise was also created, and premiered in 1999. Another revival premiered on Travel Channel in June 2019, with Bruce Campbell as the host.
| [
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"text": "Another revival premiered on Travel Channel in June 2... |
Empire of Japan | [
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"target": "Doolittle Raid"
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"target": "Battle of Bataan"
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"target": "Bataan Death March"
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"targe... | p_4104 | In April 1942, Japan was bombed for the first time in the Doolittle Raid. During the same month, after the Japanese victory in the Battle of Bataan, the Bataan Death March was conducted, where 5,650 to 18,000 Filipinos died under the rule of the imperial army. In May 1942, failure to decisively defeat the Allies at the Battle of the Coral Sea, in spite of Japanese numerical superiority, equated to a strategic defeat for the Japanese. This setback was followed in June 1942 by the catastrophic loss of four fleet carriers at the Battle of Midway, the first decisive defeat for the Imperial Japanese Navy. It proved to be the turning point of the war as the Navy lost its offensive strategic capability and never managed to reconstruct the "'critical mass' of both large numbers of carriers and well-trained air groups". Australian land forces defeated Japanese Marines in New Guinea at the Battle of Milne Bay in September 1942, which was the first land defeat suffered by the Japanese in the Pacific. Further victories by the Allies at Guadalcanal in September 1942 and New Guinea in 1943 put the Empire of Japan on the defensive for the remainder of the war, with Guadalcanal in particular sapping their already-limited oil supplies. During 1943 and 1944, Allied forces, backed by the industrial might and vast raw material resources of the United States, advanced steadily towards Japan. The Sixth United States Army, led by General MacArthur, landed on Leyte on October 20, 1944. The Palawan massacre was committed by the imperial army against Filipinos in December 1944. In the subsequent months, during the Philippines campaign (1944–45), the Allies, including the combined United States forces together with the native guerrilla units, liberated the Philippines.
| [
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"text": "During the same month, after the Japanese victory in the B... |
Brownsea Island | [
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"target": "Cerne Abbey"
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"target": "Dorchester, Dorset"
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]... | p_4105 | The first records of inhabitants on Brownsea Island occurred in the 9th century, when a small chapel and hermitage were built by monks from Cerne Abbey near Dorchester. The chapel was dedicated to St Andrew and the only resident of the island was a hermit, who may have administered to the spiritual welfare of sailors passing through Poole Harbour. In 1015, Canute led a Viking raid to the harbour and used Brownsea as a base to sack Wareham and Cerne Abbey. In the 11th century the owner of the island was Bruno, who was Lord of the Manor of Studland. Following his invasion of England, William the Conqueror gave Studland, which included Brownsea, to his half-brother, Robert de Mortain. In 1154, King Henry II granted the Abbot of Cerne the right of wreck for the island and the abbey continued to control the interests of Brownsea for the following 350 years.
| [
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"text": "when a small chapel and hermitage were built by monks from... |
Wally Akers | [
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"target": "Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C."
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"target": "Newport County A.F.C."
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{
"indices": [
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],... | p_4106 | Born in West Auckland, he began his professional career with Wolverhampton Wanderers in 1934, but left the club without ever playing for the first team, and joined Newport County, where he experienced a similar spell. He finally made his debut in The Football League for Bournemouth & Boscombe Athletic, where he made 15 League starts in total. After a short spell with Chelsea, in which he again played no first-team football, he joined Mansfield Town for the start of the 1939–40 season. He played three times and scored three goals before the League was abandoned due to the start of the war. After the war, he joined Gillingham of the Southern League, where he played for two seasons, scoring 20 goals in 40 games. One of his goals came in a 12–1 win over Gloucester City, which remains the club's biggest-ever win in a competitive fixture. In 1948, he moved on to Corby Town and later played for Goole Town.
| [
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... |
2018 Nigeria Women Premier League | [
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"target": "Nasarawa Amazons"
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"target": "Nasarawa State"
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"target": "FC Robo"
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"target": "Lagos... | p_4107 | The 2018 Nigeria Women Premier League began on April 7 in a game featuring defending champions Nasarawa Amazons from Nasarawa State and FC Robo of Lagos State. The date was decided following a congress held in Ikeja on March 3. Prior to the game, a maiden super cup named the NWFL Champions Shield match was played between Aiteo Cup winners, Rivers Angels and Nasarawa Amazons to officially open the new season. At the end of the 2017 season, Sure Babes of Ilorin, Jokodolu Babes of Ogbomosho and Taraba Queens of Taraba State were promoted to compete in the elite division pending registration procedures, while Saadatu Amazons of Minna and Heartland Queens of Owerri were relegated to the pro league. In May 2018, the league went on a mid-season break due to the 2018 FIFA World Cup, this was further elongated after an emerging NFF leadership crisis. In August 2018, it was announced that the remaining games of the league will commence September 12.
| [
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"text": "The 2018 Nigeria Women Premier League began on April 7 in a... |
Brett Kavanaugh | [
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"target": "Delta Kappa Epsilon"
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"target": "Yale Law School"
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"target... | p_4108 | Kavanaugh graduated from Yale University, where he joined Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. After graduating from Yale Law School, he began his career as a law clerk and then a postgraduate fellow working under Judge Ken Starr. After Starr left the D.C. Circuit to take the position as head of the Office of Independent Counsel, Kavanaugh followed and assisted him with various investigations concerning President Bill Clinton, including the drafting of the Starr Report, which urged Clinton's impeachment. After the 2000 U.S. presidential election (in which he worked for the George W. Bush campaign in the Florida recount), he joined the administration as White House Staff Secretary and was a central figure in its efforts to identify and confirm judicial nominees. Kavanaugh was nominated to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit by President Bush in 2003. His confirmation hearings were contentious; they stalled for three years over charges of partisanship. He was ultimately confirmed to the D.C. Circuit in May 2006 after a series of negotiations between Democratic and Republican U.S. Senators. An evaluation of Kavanaugh's appellate court decisions in four separate public policy areas was performed by two law professors for the Washington Post. It found he had the most conservative overall voting record on the D.C. Court between 2003 and 2018.
| [
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"text": "After the 2000 U.S. presidential election"
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],... |
USS Bering Strait | [
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"target": "Bofors 40 mm gun"
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"target": "Oerli... | p_4109 | The Andrés Bonifacio-class frigates were passed to the Philippine Navy with fewer weapons aboard than they had had during their U.S. Navy and U.S. Coast guard careers and with old surface search radars installed. The Philippine Navy addressed these shortfalls through modernization programs. In Philippine service, Diego Silang retained her South Vietnamese armament, consisting of a single Mark 12 5"/38 caliber (127-mm) gun, a dual-purpose weapon capable of anti-surface and anti-air fire, mounted in a Mark 30 Mod 0 enclosed base ring with a range of up to yards; two twin Mark 1 Bofors 40mm anti-aircraft gun mounts, four Mk. 4 single 20-millimeter Oerlikon anti-aircraft gun mounts, four M2 Browning .50-caliber (12.7-millimeter) general-purpose machine guns, and two 81-mm mortars. However, in 1979 Hatch and Kirk, Inc., added a helicopter deck aft which could accommodate a Philippine Navy MBB Bo 105C helicopter for utility, scouting, and maritime patrol purposes, although the ship had no capability to refuel or otherwise support visiting helicopters. The Sperry SPS-53 surface search and navigation radar also was installed, replacing the AN/SPS-23 radar, although the ship retained both its AN/SPS-29D air search radar and its Mark 26 Mod 1 Fire Control Radar System. The Philippine Navy made plans to equip Diego Silang and her sister ships with new radar systems and long-range BGM-84 Harpoon anti-ship cruise missiles, but this upgrade did not materialize due to the worsening political and economic crisis in the Philippines in the mid-1980s.
| [
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"text": "However, in 1979 Hatch and Kirk, Inc., added a helicopter... |
John D. Bates | [
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"target": "Roszel Cathcart Thomsen"
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"target": "United States District Court for the District of Maryland"
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... | p_4110 | Bates was a law clerk for Judge Roszel Cathcart Thomsen of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland from 1976 to 1977 and was an associate at Steptoe & Johnson from 1977 to 1980. He served as an Assistant United States Attorney for the District of Columbia from 1980 to 1987, and was Chief of the Civil Division of the United States Attorney's Office from 1987 to 1997. Bates was on detail as Deputy Independent Counsel for the Whitewater investigation from 1995 to mid-1997. In 1998, he joined the Washington, D.C. law firm of Miller & Chevalier, where he was Chair of the Government Contracts/Litigation Department and a member of the Executive Committee. From September 1995 until leaving in March 1997, Bates worked as Deputy Independent Counsel for Kenneth Starr and the Independent Counsel's office during the investigation into President Bill Clinton.
| [
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... |
Pressurized heavy-water reactor | [
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"target": "Light-water reactor"
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"target": "Uranium-238"
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"tar... | p_4111 | Heavy-water reactors may pose a greater risk of nuclear proliferation versus comparable light-water reactors due to the low neutron absorption properties of heavy water, discovered in 1937 by Hans von Halban and Otto Frisch. Occasionally, when an atom of U is exposed to neutron radiation, its nucleus will capture a neutron, changing it to U. The U then rapidly undergoes two β decays — both emitting an electron and an antineutrino, the first one transmuting the U into Np, and the second one transmuting the Np into Pu. Although this process takes place with other moderators such as ultra-pure graphite or beryllium, heavy water is by far the best.
| [
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... |
Anton Constandse | [
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"target": "World War I"
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"target": "Individualist ... | p_4112 | The son of a baptist hotelier, Constandse completed the normal school between 1914 and 1918 and in this period came into contact with the teetotalers movement. In response to World War I, he developed anti-militarist ideas. He joined the Social-Anarchist Youth Organisation (Dutch Sociaal-Anarchistische Jeugd Organisatie, SAJO) in 1919. Within this organisation, he chose the side of the individualist faction within this organisation when factional struggles erupted, denouncing even trade organizations as counterrevolutionary. Instead of taking a job as a teacher, Constandse devoted himself to spreading anarchist ideas. He published two anarchist monthlies, Alarm (1922–1926) and Opstand ("Revolt", 1926–1928), which together with Herman Schuurman's De Moker and Arthur Lehning's Grondslagen renewed the theoretical basis of Dutch anarchism. Constandse's 1927 call for mutiny in De Vrije Socialist ("the free socialist"), following the sending of HNLMS Sumatra to Shanghai, led to a conviction for sedition and a prison sentence of two months.
| [
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... |
Tatsuhito Takaiwa | [
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"target": "Shinjiro Otani"
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"t... | p_4113 | While attending vocational school, Takaiwa passed the New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW) entry exam and began training with the promotion in 1992. Takaiwa was part of the same trainee class as Shinjiro Otani and the two became frequent opponents and tag team partners when they eventually debuted. Takaiwa debuted on July 21, 1992, losing to Satoshi Kojima. In 1993, Takaiwa took part in the Young Lions Cup, finishing last with zero wins and zero points. During the early years of his career, Takaiwa primarily competed in opening matches, usually on the losing end as is customary for young wrestlers in Japan. Beginning in 1997, Takaiwa began to create more of a name for himself, competing in that year's Best of the Super Juniors tournament and finishing with four points. In 1998, Takaiwa teamed up with Otani to take part in the league to crown the inaugural IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Champions, with the two of them defeating Koji Kanemoto and Dr Wagner Jr in the finals to become the first ever holders of the belts. In December 1998, Takaiwa received his first shot at the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Championship, unsuccessfully challenging Jushin Thunder Liger. Days later on December 11, Takaiwa and Otani travelled to Wrestle Association R where they defeated Masaaki Mochizuki and Masao Orihara to win the vacant International Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship, making themselves double champions. Their days as double champions didnt last long, however, as they would lose the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship to Kendo Kashin and Dr Wagner Jr at Wrestling World 1999. Later in the year they would regain the championships, defeating Jushin Thunder Liger and The Great Sasuke in July. In 2000, both Otani and Takaiwa took part in the Best of the Super Juniors tournament, with both men winning their blocks and reaching the final, where, on June 9, Takaiwa defeated Otani to win the 2000 Best of the Super Juniors. Later in the month after just under a year as champions, Otani and Takaiwa lost the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championships to the Junior Stars (Koji Kanemoto and Minoru Tanaka). After losing the titles, Takaiwa began focusing more on his singles career, winning the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Championship for the first time in his career in July, defeating Jushin Thunder Liger. Takaiwa eventually lost the championship to Minoru Tanaka in October.
| [
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Yugoslav torpedo boat T2 | [
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"target": "250t-class torpedo boat"
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"t... | p_4114 | T2 was a seagoing torpedo boat that was operated by the Royal Yugoslav Navy between 1921 and 1941. Originally 77 T, a 250t-class torpedo boat of the Austro-Hungarian Navy built in 1913–1914, she was armed with two guns and four torpedo tubes, and could carry 10–12 naval mines. She saw active service during World War I, performing convoy, patrol, escort, minesweeping and minelaying tasks, anti-submarine operations, and shore bombardment missions. Following Austria-Hungary's defeat, 77 T was allocated to the Navy of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, which became the Royal Yugoslav Navy, and was renamed T2. At the time, she and seven other 250t-class boats were the only modern sea-going vessels of the fledgling maritime force. During the interwar period, T7 and the rest of the navy were involved in training exercises and cruises to friendly ports, but activity was limited by reduced naval budgets. She was scrapped in 1939.
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"text": "T2 was a seagoing torpedo boat that was operated by the Roya... |
Nancy Tyson Burbidge | [
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"target": "CSIRO"
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"target": "Canberra"
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"target": "South Australia"
},... | p_4115 | In 1943 she was appointed assistant agronomist at the Waite Agricultural Research Institute in Adelaide, where she started working on native pasture species for arid and semi-arid South Australia. She was appointed to the new position of systematic botanist at the CSIRO Division of Plant Industry, Canberra in 1946. At CSIRO she worked on organising and extending the herbarium, first as a research scientist and then as curator and was responsible for laying the foundations of the Herbarium Australiense, later the National Australian Herbarium. She wrote Key to the South Australian species of Eucalyptus L'Hér. but had not specialised on the genus. Her professional interest in systemic botany was reflected by her tenure as secretary of the systematic botany committee of the Australian and New Zealand Association for the Advancement of Science from 1948 to 1952. She also edited Australasian Herbarium News until her until 1953, when she took a years leave to be the Australian Botanical Liaison Officer at the Kew Gardens herbarium. While at Kew she photographed and indexed type specimens of Australian plants and made microfilm copies of Robert Brown's notebooks for Australian herbaria.
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"text": "In 1943 she was appointed assistant agronomist at the Waite ... |
Lawhitton | [
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"target": "Member of parliament"
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"target": "English Civil War"
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344,
359
... | p_4116 | Richard Bennet (d.1619), a Councillor at Law, built Hexworthy House as his seat within the parish. The Bennet family originated in Sussex and settled at Hexworthy during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558-1603). His son was Col. Robert Bennet (1605–1683) of Hexworthy, a Member of Parliament during the Civil War and a noted commander of the Parliamentarian forces. His descendant Richard Bennett-Coffin (d.1796) was the son of Edward Bennett of Lawhitton by his wife Honor Coffin (born 1682), 11th daughter of Richard Coffin (1623-1700) of Portledge in the parish of Alwington in North Devon, lord of the manor of Alwington and Sheriff of Devon in 1683. Richard Bennett-Coffin (d.1796) became heir to the Coffin estates following the death of his childless uncle Richard Coffin (1684-1766). The Coffin family had been established at Alwington since the reign of King Henry II (1154-1189), and remained there in unbroken male succession until 1766. He adopted the name and arms of Coffin, but died without progeny at Esher in Surrey and was buried at Lawhitton where survives his monument. His heir was Rev. John Pine-Coffin (1735-1824), eldest surviving grandson of Dorothy Coffin (1651-1690), eldest daughter of Richard Coffin (1623-1700), who in 1672 married Edward Pyne (1648-1675) of East Down. Her descendants remained seated at East Down manor house until 1866, the Pyne family having occupied it since the 13th century. The last in the Pine-Coffin family to occupy Portledge manor house was Richard Geoffrey Pine-Coffin (1908-1974).
| [
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"answer_value": "2",
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{
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"text": "His son was Col. Robert Bennet (1605–1683) of Hexworth... |
Taro Sugahara | [
{
"indices": [
21,
25
],
"target": "Ōtsu"
},
{
"indices": [
66,
93
],
"target": "Shizuoka Gakuen Junior and Senior High School"
},
{
"indices": [
125,
133
],
"target": "Mirassol Futebol Clube"
},
{
"indices": [
184,
... | p_4117 | Sugahara was born in Otsu on June 14, 1981. After graduating from Shizuoka Gakuen High School, he moved to Brazil and joined Mirassol in 2000. In 2001, he returned to Japan and joined J1 League club Kashiwa Reysol. Although he debuted in 2002, he could hardly play in the match. In 2003, he moved to J1 club Vissel Kobe. However he could hardly play in the match. In 2004, he moved to J2 League club Sagan Tosu. However he could hardly play in the match. In 2005, he moved to Japan Football League (JFL) club Ehime FC. Although he could not play many matches, the club won the champions and was promoted to J2 end of 2005 season. In 2006, he moved to Regional Leagues club Zweigen Kanazawa. He played many matches and many goals. In 2007, he moved to Regional Leagues club Grulla Morioka. He played many matches and scored many goals in 2 seasons. In 2009, he moved to JFL club TDK (later Blaublitz Akita). He played many matches in 2 seasons. In 2011, he moved to JFL club Sony Sendai. However he could not play many matches. In 2012, he moved to JFL club Hoyo Oita. However he could not play many matches. In 2013, he moved to JFL club Blaublitz Akita again for the first time in 3 years and played many matches. In 2014, he moved to newly was promoted to J3 League club, Grulla Morioka for the first time in 6 years. He retired end of 2014 season.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "19",
"type": "value"
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{
"indices": [
0,
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],
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"text": "Sugahara was born in Otsu on June 14, 1981. After gradu... |
Columbia (name) | [
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"indices": [
28,
43
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"target": "Personification"
},
{
"indices": [
51,
64
],
"target": "United States"
},
{
"indices": [
117,
125
],
"target": "Americas"
},
{
"indices": [
134,
143
],
"target": "New World... | p_4118 | Columbia (; ) is the female personification of the United States. It was also a historical name used to describe the Americas and the New World. It has given rise to the names of many persons, places, objects, institutions and companies; for example: Columbia University, the District of Columbia (the national capital of the United States), and the ship Columbia Rediviva, which would give its name to the Columbia River. Images of the Statue of Liberty largely displaced personified Columbia as the female symbol of the United States by around 1920, although Lady Liberty was seen as an aspect of Columbia. The District of Columbia is named after the personification, as is the traditional patriotic hymn "Hail Columbia", which is the official vice presidential anthem of the United States Vice President.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 184,
"passage": "columbia river",
"start": 160,
"text": "British Columbia, Canada"
}
],
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
... |
Poles in Lithuania | [
{
"indices": [
58,
80
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"target": "Second Polish Republic"
},
{
"indices": [
138,
167
],
"target": "Republic of Central Lithuania"
},
{
"indices": [
238,
255
],
"target": "Wilno Voivodeship (1926–1939)"
},
{
"indices": [
... | p_4119 | A large portion of the Vilnius area was controlled by the Second Polish Republic during the interwar period, particularly the area of the Republic of Central Lithuania, which had a significant Polish speaking population. For example, the Wilno Voivodeship (25% of it is a part of modern Lithuania and 75% - modern Belarus) in 1931 contained 59.7% Polish speakers and only 5.2% Lithuanian speakers; see Ethnic history of the region of Vilnius for details. From 1918 to 1921 there were several conflicts, such as the activity of the Polish Military Organization, Sejny uprising (that was met with massive outrage in Lithuania) and a discovered attempt at a Polish coup on the Lithuanian government. From the documents stolen from Polish Military Organization headquarters safe in Vilnius and given to Prime Minister of Lithuania Augustinas Voldemaras, it is clear that this plot was directed by Józef Piłsudski himself. The Polish-Lithuanian War and Żeligowski's Mutiny contributed to a worsening of Polish-Lithuanian relations; increasingly Polish people were viewed with suspicion in Lithuania. The loss of Vilnius was a stunning blow to Lithuanian aspirations and identity, and the unrelenting irredentist demand for its return became one of the most important elements of Lithuanian political and social life in the interwar period. The irredentist campaign resulted in the emergence of feelings of hatred and revenge directed against the Poles in the Lithuanian society. In fact, the largest social organization in interwar Lithuania was the League for the Liberation of Vilnius, which propagated irredentist views in its magazine Mūsų Vilnius (Our Vilnius).
| [
{
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{
"indices": [
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],
"passage": "main",
"text": "A large portion of the Vilnius area was controlled by the S... |
Hibernian F.C. in European football | [
{
"indices": [
62,
90
],
"target": "UEFA Champions League"
},
{
"indices": [
127,
140
],
"target": "Gabriel Hanot"
},
{
"indices": [
156,
164
],
"target": "L'Équipe"
},
{
"indices": [
348,
371
],
"target": "1... | p_4120 | The first officially sanctioned European club tournament, the European Champion Clubs' Cup, was launched in 1955. Conceived by Gabriel Hanot, the editor of L'Équipe, as a competition for winners of the European national football leagues, it is considered the most prestigious European football competition. Hibernian had only finished fifth in the 1954–55 Scottish league, but were one of the 16 sides invited to take part in the tournament's first season. As there was no English representative in the first competition, Hibernian also became the first British club to participate in European club competition. In their first tie, Hibernian defeated Rot-Weiss Essen (West Germany) thanks to a comfortable win in the away leg. Swedish club Djurgardens were their next opponents, but they were unable to play the home match in Stockholm due to adverse winter weather. Both legs were played in Scotland, with the Djurgardens "home" venue being Firhill. Hibernian won 3–1 in Glasgow and 1–0 at Easter Road to progress to the semi-finals. At that stage they were drawn with French club Reims, who won 3–0 on aggregate to progress to the final (which Reims lost 4–3 to Real Madrid).
| [
{
"answer": {
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"answer_value": "yes",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
113
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The first officially sanctioned European club tournament... |
Claudia Christian | [
{
"indices": [
19,
26
],
"target": "Playboy"
},
{
"indices": [
81,
97
],
"target": "Freaks and Geeks"
},
{
"indices": [
127,
136
],
"target": "She Spies"
},
{
"indices": [
212,
236
],
"target": "Laguna Beach,... | p_4121 | She posed nude for Playboy magazine in October 1999, appeared in two episodes of Freaks and Geeks in 2000, and appeared in the She Spies 2002 episode "Spy vs Spy". In 2004, she returned to the live stage (and to Laguna Beach, California, where she had attended high school), starring in the United States premiere of Michael Weller's play What the Night is For, with Kip Gilman, directed by Richard Stein, at the Laguna Playhouse. She starred in the BBC comedy series Broken News in 2005. She also plays Janine Foster, mother of Peri Brown, in the Doctor Who audio drama The Reaping, produced by Big Finish Productions released in the United Kingdom in September 2006.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 215,
"passage": "the reaping (audio drama)",
"start": 204,
"text": "Colin Baker"
}
],
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"context": [
{
"... |
Marv Albert | [
{
"indices": [
216,
220
],
"target": "1967–68 New York Knicks season"
},
{
"indices": [
250,
265
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"target": "New York Knicks"
},
{
"indices": [
320,
328
],
"target": "Ball boy"
},
{
"indices": [
409,
423
],
... | p_4122 | Marv did his first Knicks game on January 27, 1963 on WCBS Radio. He filled in for his mentor, Marty Glickman, who was away in Europe. The game was against the Celtics at the Boston Garden. For 37 years beginning in 1967, Albert was the voice of the New York Knicks on radio and television (getting his start by being a ball boy for the Knicks before getting his first break on New York radio by sportscaster Marty Glickman) before being let go by James L. Dolan, the chairman of the MSG Network and Cablevision, after Albert criticized the Knicks' poor play on-air in 2004. It was said that Marv's high salary was also a factor. His son Kenny Albert has been a part-time play-by-play announcer for the Knicks since 2009, whenever the older Albert's successor Mike Breen (whom he later followed on the NBA on NBC broadcasts and now works on ESPN and ABC aside from his role at MSG) is unavailable.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 4543,
"passage": "msg network",
"start": 4529,
"text": "James L. Dolan"
}
],
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
"indices":... |
Thomas A. Budd | [
{
"indices": [
22,
30
],
"target": "Democratic Party (United States)"
},
{
"indices": [
213,
247
],
"target": "Union blockade"
},
{
"indices": [
264,
280
],
"target": "Potomac Flotilla"
},
{
"indices": [
331,
365
... | p_4123 | Politically, he was a democrat and he opposed abolitionism. At the start of the Civil War, Budd offered his services to the Union and was placed in command of the gunboat . The Penguin was initially a part of the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, but joined the Potomac Flotilla on August 19, 1861. In October she shifted to the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron. He participated in the bombardment of Hilton Head in November. During that battle, the Penguin was disabled, and Budd ordered that a tug tow the ship into range so that it could continue to bombard the harbor. In December 1861, Budd assisted escaped slaves around Edisto Island, South Carolina while supporting activities in that area while under the command of Percival Drayton. He was killed in a skirmish at Mosquito Inlet on the east coast of Florida near Smyrna on March 22, 1862. He was buried in Buffalo's Forest Lawn Cemetery.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 114,
"passage": "forest lawn cemetery (buffalo)",
"start": 106,
"text": "New York"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
... |
Bamberg | [
{
"indices": [
9,
27
],
"target": "Holy Roman Emperor"
},
{
"indices": [
28,
36
],
"target": "Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor"
},
{
"indices": [
95,
102
],
"target": "Diocese"
},
{
"indices": [
254,
263
],
"targ... | p_4124 | In 1007, Holy Roman Emperor Henry II made Bamberg a family inheritance, the seat of a separate diocese. The Emperor's purpose in this was to make the Diocese of Würzburg less unwieldy in size and to give Christianity a firmer footing in the districts of Franconia, east of Bamberg. In 1008, after long negotiations with the Bishops of Würzburg and Eichstätt, who were to cede portions of their dioceses, the boundaries of the new diocese were defined, and Pope John XVIII granted the papal confirmation in the same year. Henry II ordered the building of a new cathedral, which was consecrated 6 May 1012. The church was enriched with gifts from the pope, and Henry had it dedicated in honor of him. In 1017 Henry also founded Michaelsberg Abbey on the Michaelsberg ("Mount St. Michael"), near Bamberg, a Benedictine abbey for the training of the clergy. The emperor and his wife Kunigunde gave large temporal possessions to the new diocese, and it received many privileges out of which grew the secular power of the bishop. Pope Benedict VIII visited Bamberg in 1020 to meet Henry II for discussions concerning the Holy Roman Empire. While he was here he placed the diocese in direct dependence on the Holy See. He also personally consecrated some of Bamberg's churches. For a short time Bamberg was the centre of the Holy Roman Empire. Henry and Kunigunde were both buried in the cathedral.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"type": "none"
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
104,
281
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The Emperor's purpose in this was to make the Diocese of ... |
Lookout Mountain Incline Railway | [
{
"indices": [
42,
56
],
"target": "Inclined plane"
},
{
"indices": [
57,
74
],
"target": "Funicular"
},
{
"indices": [
97,
113
],
"target": "Lookout Mountain"
},
{
"indices": [
132,
153
],
"target": "St. Elm... | p_4125 | The Lookout Mountain Incline Railway is a inclined plane funicular railway leading to the top of Lookout Mountain from the historic St. Elmo neighborhood of Chattanooga, Tennessee. Passengers are transported from St. Elmo's Station at the base, to Point Park at the mountain summit, which overlooks the city and the Tennessee River. It is just a short drive to three of Chattanooga's main tourist attractions, Ruby Falls, Cavern Castle, and Rock City. The railway is approximately in length (single-track except for a short two-track passing loop at the midway point, allowing operation of two cars at one time). It has a maximum grade of 72.7%, making it one of the world's steepest passenger railways. It obtained Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark status in 1991. The cable system for the cars was made by the Otis Elevator Company.
| [
{
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
180
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The Lookout Mountain Incline Railway is a inclined plane fu... |
U.S. Route 50 in Ohio | [
{
"indices": [
72,
81
],
"target": "Hillsboro, Ohio"
},
{
"indices": [
86,
96
],
"target": "Bainbridge, Ross County, Ohio"
},
{
"indices": [
130,
141
],
"target": "Chillicothe, Ohio"
},
{
"indices": [
229,
242
],... | p_4126 | East of Milford, US 50 becomes a two-lane highway as it travels through Hillsboro and Bainbridge before reaching the outskirts of Chillicothe. In Chillicothe, US 50 becomes Western Avenue and then Main Street before merging with U.S. Route 23 and U.S. Route 35 east of the city. State Route 104 overlaps US 50 through downtown Chillicothe. As US 50 leaves Chillicothe it becomes a two-lane highway once again as it winds its way through McArthur and heavy forested Southern Ohio before reaching the outskirts of Athens where it becomes a four-lane highway. It will remain four-lane until reaching the Ohio River. US 50 joins with State Route 32 near the Ohio University Bush Airport–Snyder Field in Albany, west of Athens. US 50 intersects with U.S. Route 33 east of the city before continuing eastward toward Belpre and the Ohio River. US 50 begins to overlap SR 7 near Reedsville as it heads north along the river, and splits from SR 7 before it crosses the river on the Blennerhassett Island Bridge to Parkersburg, West Virginia.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 21,
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"start": 12,
"text": "Hillsboro"
}
],
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Stefano Nava | [
{
"indices": [
15,
20
],
"target": "A.C. Milan"
},
{
"indices": [
305,
317
],
"target": "1989–90 Coppa Italia"
},
{
"indices": [
331,
340
],
"target": "U.S. Triestina Calcio 1918"
},
{
"indices": [
409,
416
],
... | p_4127 | He returned to Milan in 1990, where he was a reserve in the first team's defence, behind the legendary Maldini, Baresi, Costacurta, Tassotti back-line, which is regarded by many as the sport as one of the greatest difensive line-ups of all time. He made his Milan debut on 5 September 1990, in a 1–0 home Coppa Italia victory over Triestina, as Milan went on to reach the final of the tournament. He made his Serie A debut with the club on 3 March 1991, in a 4–1 home win over Napoli. In his four non-consecutive seasons with Milan (1990–91 under Arrigo Sacchi, and 1992–995 under Fabio Capello), Nava made a total of 47 appearances in all competitions, and 21 Serie A league appearances, scoring 1 goal, which came in Serie A. During his time at the club he won two Serie A titles, three Supercoppa Italiana titles, two UEFA Super Cups, an UEFA Champions League, and an Intercontinental Cup. He spent the 1991–92 season only loan with Parma, where he won the Coppa Italia. His final appearance with Milan was in a 5–0 away victory against Brescia, during the 1994–95 Serie A season, on 5 March 1995.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "91",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
81
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He returned to Milan in 1990, where he was a reserve in ... |
Dusty Zeigler | [
{
"indices": [
12,
19
],
"target": "National Football League Draft"
},
{
"indices": [
46,
60
],
"target": "1996 NFL Draft"
},
{
"indices": [
176,
187
],
"target": "Ruben Brown"
},
{
"indices": [
204,
217
],
"... | p_4128 | Zeigler was drafted in the sixth round of the 1996 NFL Draft by the Bills in 1996. He became their starting center as a sophomore in 1997, playing between left offensive guard Ruben Brown and right guard Corbin Lacina, replacing the 11-year incumbent Kent Hull. That was the final one in Marv Levy's term as head coach (6-10 won-lost record), replaced the following year by his defensive coordinator, Wade Phillips, who guided the Bills to playoff berths in 1998 and 1999. In 1998, when Zeigler started all 16 games, playing between Brown and Joe Panos, Buffalo finished in second place in the AFC East and lost a wild-card game to the Miami Dolphins. In 1999, Buffalo also finished in second place in the AFC east, but Zeigler was switched to right guard to make place for Jerry Ostroski as the center next to Brown. The Bills lost another wild-card game, this time to the Tennessee Titans.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "Super Bowl",
"answer_value": "1",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
262,
472
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "That was the final one in Marv Levy's term as hea... |
Split-intein circular ligation of peptides and proteins | [
{
"indices": [
72,
85
],
"target": "Biotechnology"
},
{
"indices": [
125,
140
],
"target": "Cyclic peptide"
},
{
"indices": [
217,
223
],
"target": "Intein"
},
{
"indices": [
367,
379
],
"target": "Gramicidin... | p_4129 | Split-intein circular ligation of peptides and proteins (SICLOPPS) is a biotechnology technique that permits the creation of cyclic peptides. These peptides are produced by ribosomal protein synthesis, followed by an intein-like event that splices the protein into a loop. By contrast with the nonribosomal peptide synthetases that produces some cyclic peptides like gramicidin S, SICLOPPS offers the advantage that the peptides' structure can be encoded by DNA in a simple manner according to the genetic code, but for this reason it imposes limitations on the types of amino acids incorporated that are comparable to those that apply to ordinary proteins. As implemented there is also some constraint on the peptide sequence of the cyclic sequence; for example, libraries may use the sequence SGXX..XXPL to increase the efficiency of circularization of the peptide. SICLOPPS is frequently used with a library of randomized DNA sequence that permits the simultaneous production and screening of large numbers of constructs at once, followed by the recovery of the DNA sequences responsible for the activity of the clone of interest.
| [
{
"answer": {
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
141
],
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"text": "Split-intein circular ligation of peptides and proteins (SI... |
Barry Allen (Arrowverse) | [
{
"indices": [
63,
68
],
"target": "Pilot (The Flash)"
},
{
"indices": [
200,
230
],
"target": "Central City Police Department"
},
{
"indices": [
254,
274
],
"target": "Particle accelerator"
},
{
"indices": [
291,
30... | p_4130 | Barry Allen's first appearance on The Flash is in the episode "Pilot". Barry is introduced as quite a goofy and kind character, who is quite brilliant at his job as a crime scene investigator for the Central City Police department. His obsession for the particle accelerator and interest in Harrison Wells began before his superhuman abilities. After the explosion that consequently led to Barry being struck by lightning, he wakes up and discovers that he has developed meta-human abilities, in particular the power of speed. This season portrays Barry's development in his superpowers, he has his setbacks in the beginning, in "Fastest Man Alive" he begins fainting, which he only finds out later that it is because his body is burning more energy than he could intake. Throughout the episode, Barry's character develops and he is able to better control his powers through training at the S.T.A.R Labs, with his team the STAR team: Caitlin Snow, Cisco Ramon and Harrison Wells. Barry's once platonic (at least to Iris West) relationship with Iris is turned complicated after all the episode "The Man in the Yellow Suit" when Barry confesses his love to her. In the episode "Crazy for You" however, Barry begins a relationship with Linda Park, who in the next episode suspects that Barry is still in love with Iris West. Over the course of the second half of the season, Barry begins to suspect and learns that Wells is actually the man in the yellow suit that killed his mother, otherwise known by his true name Eobard Thawne, whom had been manipulating events since that night to turn Barry into The Flash in an effort to harness his speed and return to the future. Eobard ultimately fails and is erased from existence by his distant ancestor, Eddie Thawne when Eddie kills himself. This provides an effort to allow Barry to travel to the past and save his mother. However, doing so results in a singularity opening above Central City which Barry then has to stop.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 277,
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"start": 273,
"text": "2014"
}
],
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Historicity of King Arthur | [
{
"indices": [
37,
57
],
"target": "Sidonius Apollinaris"
},
{
"indices": [
166,
174
],
"target": "Armorica"
},
{
"indices": [
188,
202
],
"target": "Riothamus"
},
{
"indices": [
237,
246
],
"target": "Anthem... | p_4131 | About 460, Roman diplomat and bishop Sidonius Apollinaris sent a letter to Riothamus asking his help to quell unrest among the Brettones, British colonists living in Armorica; this letter still survives. In the year 470, Western Emperor Anthemius began a campaign against Euric, king of the Visigoths who were campaigning outside their territory in Gaul. Anthemius requested help from Riothamus, and Jordanes writes that he crossed the ocean into Gaul with 12,000 soldiers. The location of Riothamus' army was betrayed to the Visigoths by Arvandus, the jealous praetorian prefect of Gaul, and Euric defeated him in the Battle of Déols after Riothamus army was driven from Avaricum (Bourges) where he had been welcomed by the Bituriges before the fight. Riothamus was last seen retreating northward to Burgundy when Euric besieged Arvernum (Clermont-Ferrand) just south of the Bituriges territory.
| [
{
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
84
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "About 460, Roman diplomat and bishop Sidonius Apollinari... |
Aileen Tan | [
{
"indices": [
81,
92
],
"target": "Star Awards"
},
{
"indices": [
230,
252
],
"target": "Three Women and A Half"
},
{
"indices": [
464,
478
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"target": "Women of Times"
},
{
"indices": [
483,
497
],
"target... | p_4132 | She has been nominated multiple times in the Best Actress category at the annual Star Awards. She was nominated for the "Best Actress" award in 1995, 1996, 1997, 2001, 2002 and 2003; she won the award once in 2001 for her role in Three Women and a Half, playing a manager in an advertising company who would make use of her looks and charms to climb up the corporate ladder. Tan took a break from television in 2005. In 2006, she appeared in two Singapore dramas, Women of Times and Measure of Man, the latter drama clinching the runner-up position in 2006's television viewership ratings. Tan also ventured into English dramas. In 2000, she played Mae in MediaCorp Channel 5's longest-running drama series, Growing Up. Later in 2009, she played Suzanne Kong, the wife of a tycoon in the 40-episode drama Red Thread. In 2013, Tan won the "Best Actress in a Supporting Role" award at the 18th Asian Television Awards (ATA) for her role in The Day It Rained On Our Parade which consisted only four episodes. On 29 May 2015, it was announced that Tan will play the lead role in Jack Neo's film, Long Long Time Ago alongside Mark Lee and Wang Lei. At Star Awards 2017, Tan received the Best Supporting Actress for the drama Hero (2016 TV series) , she announced in a speech that this would be the last time, she would go on stage to receive this award. In Star Awards 2018 , she landed her 4th nomination for Best Supporting Actress for the drama, Have a Little Faith.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 497,
"passage": "Aileen Tan",
"start": 482,
"text": " Measure of Man"
}
],
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [... |
Atika Shubert | [
{
"indices": [
81,
109
],
"target": "2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami"
},
{
"indices": [
124,
131
],
"target": "Tsunami"
},
{
"indices": [
148,
152
],
"target": "Aceh"
},
{
"indices": [
286,
304
],
"t... | p_4133 | CNN claims that Shubert was one of the first CNN correspondents to report on the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and resulting tsunami, reporting from Aceh, Indonesia, where she was vacationing at the time. Also in Indonesia, Shubert covered a number of major new events that included the 2002 Bali bombings, the fall of Indonesian President Abdurrahman Wahid and the inauguration of President Megawati Sukarnoputri, East Timor's transition to independence, the resurgence of the Free Aceh separatist movement, the religious conflict in Ambon City and the fall of former Indonesian President Suharto and resulting reform movement. Shubert also briefly covered the Schapelle Corby verdict in Bali; however, due to the time consuming and overall expensive nature of this landmark court case, CNN eventually opted to run stock footage obtained from its Australian network affiliates instead of direct reporting. Shubert has also contributed reports from the Philippines and Singapore.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 147,
"passage": "post-suharto era in indonesia",
"start": 142,
"text": "1998 "
}
],
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
"in... |
Ladipo Adamolekun | [
{
"indices": [
36,
41
],
"target": "Akure"
},
{
"indices": [
56,
66
],
"target": "Ondo State"
},
{
"indices": [
105,
111
],
"target": "Farmer"
},
{
"indices": [
176,
201
],
"target": "Christ's School Ado Ekit... | p_4134 | He was born in Iju, a town close to Akure and Idanre in Ondo State to the family of Joshua Adamolekun, a farmer and Madam Juliana Bama. Educated at Oyemekun Grammar School and Christ's School Ado Ekiti. He earned a first class degree in French at the University of Ibadan, a master's degree in Public Administration at Ife and a doctoral degree in politics at Oxford University. He joined the faculty of Administration at the Obafemi Awolowo University of Ife, in 1968, and from 1979–1982, he was dean of the faculty. During his tenure at Ife, he focused on the institutions of administration in Africa especially the transplanted French traditional norms of Administration in francophone countries and civil and political management in NIgeria.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 165,
"passage": "christ's school ado ekiti",
"start": 158,
"text": "Nigeria"
}
],
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"context": [
{
"indi... |
Thomas Heftye | [
{
"indices": [
26,
36
],
"target": "Oslo"
},
{
"indices": [
97,
120
],
"target": "Knudsen's First Cabinet"
},
{
"indices": [
253,
267
],
"target": "Prime Minister of Norway"
},
{
"indices": [
268,
282
],
"tar... | p_4135 | Heftye served one term in Kristiania city council, from 1907 to 1910. On 19 March 1908, when the Knudsen's First Cabinet assumed office, he was appointed for his second term as Minister of Defence. He resigned already on 10 April the same year, because Prime Minister Gunnar Knudsen refused to seek a vote of confidence in Parliament, a form of investiture. This was a problematic question at that time, as Norway had made important steps towards parliamentarism, but not formalized the process with change of government. Former Prime Minister Christian Michelsen had asked for a vote of confidence following the 1906 general election, and survived. When he retired from politics in 1907 due to illness, Jørgen Løvland took over, but he was felled in 1908. In early 1908, the Liberal Party had evicted 24 legislators who supported Christian Michelsen and the endeavors of the Coalition Party (later leading to the creation of the Liberal Left Party), and hence, when Knudsen took over, he had no way of achieving a parliamentary majority. In that situation he could not expect to survive a vote of confidence. It has been said that parliamentarism works best in a two-party system, which Norway did not have at that time, and has never had since, although the Coalition Party tried to implement it. On the other hand, Knudsen and his cabinet resigned following the 1909 general election, which the Liberal Party lost. Such an action is not required by law, but if not carried through, the cabinet would most likely face a vote of no confidence.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 812,
"passage": "christian michelsen",
"start": 806,
"text": "Norway"
}
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
"indices": [... |
Scott Baker (right-handed pitcher) | [
{
"indices": [
17,
38
],
"target": "Shreveport, Louisiana"
},
{
"indices": [
53,
78
],
"target": "Oklahoma State University–Stillwater"
},
{
"indices": [
135,
159
],
"target": "2003 Major League Baseball draft"
},
{
"indices": [... | p_4136 | Baker grew up in Shreveport, Louisiana, and attended Oklahoma State University. He was drafted by the Twins in the second round of the 2003 amateur entry draft and reached the major leagues in 2005. In 2006, he made their starting rotation out of Spring training but struggled and was sent to the minor leagues for most of the rest of the season. Beginning 2007 in the minors, he was called up in May and nearly threw a perfect game on August 31. He went 11–4 in 2008 and posted a 3.45 earned run average (ERA). In 2009, Baker logged a career-high 200 innings and started the American League (AL) tiebreaker game against the Detroit Tigers which the Twins won to advance to the postseason. He had a 12–9 record in 2010 but battled injuries towards the end of the year and was left out of the Twins' postseason rotation. Injuries limited Baker in 2011 again, but he was the only Twins' pitcher to post a winning record. He missed 2012 after undergoing Tommy John surgery; this also caused him to miss most of 2013, which he spent with the Chicago Cubs. He began 2014 in the minor leagues but was later added to the Texas Rangers' roster.
| [
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
919,
1051
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He missed 2012 after undergoing Tommy John surgery; ... |
Tubercle effect | [
{
"indices": [
76,
88
],
"target": "Leading edge"
},
{
"indices": [
95,
102
],
"target": "Airfoil"
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{
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119,
131
],
"target": "Aerodynamics"
},
{
"indices": [
325,
332
],
"target": "Stream"
},
... | p_4137 | The tubercle effect is a phenomenon where tubercles or large 'bumps' on the leading edge of an airfoil can improve its aerodynamics. The effect, while already discovered, was analyzed extensively by Frank E. Fish et al in the early 2000 onwards. The tubercle effect works by channeling flow over the airfoil into more narrow streams, creating higher velocities. Another side effect of these channels is the reduction of flow moving over the wingtip and resulting in less parasitic drag due to wingtip vortices. Using computational modeling, it was determined that the presence of tubercles produces a delay in the angle of attack until stall, thereby increasing maximum lift and decreasing drag. Fish first discovered this effect when looking at the fins of humpback whales. These whales are the only known organisms to take advantage of the tubercle effect. It is believed that this effect allows them to be much more maneuverable in the water, allowing for easier capture of prey. The tubercles on their fins allow them to do aquatic maneuvers to catch their prey.
| [
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"answer": {
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{
"end": 174,
"passage": "humpback whale",
"start": 165,
"text": "12 - 16 m"
}
],
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"indices": [
... |
2019–20 Rosario Central season | [
{
"indices": [
46,
57
],
"target": "Lucas Gamba"
},
{
"indices": [
63,
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"target": "Club Atlético Huracán"
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{
"indices": [
109,
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"target": "Alfonso Parot"
},
{
"indices": [
138,
158
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"target": "... | p_4138 | On 1 August, Rosario announced the arrival of Lucas Gamba from Huracán on a three-year contract. Soon after, Alfonso Parot's departure to Universidad Católica was confirmed. A goal versus Talleres from off-season signing Diego Zabala secured Rosario two wins from two in the Primera División on 3 August. Rosario shared victories with Sarmiento in exhibition fixtures on 6 August. Rosario met Argentino in friendly action again on 9 August, as they beat them by scoring twice, as they did on 15 June, in both games. Andrés Lioi headed to Poland on loan with Korona Kielce of the Ekstraklasa on 13 August. San Lorenzo and Rosario Central cancelled each other out on 17 August, as Rosario threw away a two-goal advantage to draw 2–2 which ended winning starts for both.
| [
{
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"context": [
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"indices": [
0,
96
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "On 1 August, Rosario announced the arrival of Lucas Gamb... |
Esopus, New York | [
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"indices": [
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99
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"target": "John Burroughs"
},
{
"indices": [
111,
130
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"target": "Harry Payne Bingham"
},
{
"indices": [
145,
160
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"target": "Sojourner Truth"
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{
"indices": [
191,
206
],
"targe... | p_4139 | Historical figures and celebrated people who have lived in Esopus include naturalist John Burroughs; financier Harry Payne Bingham; abolitionist Sojourner Truth; 19th-century U.S. politician George W. Pratt; Standard Oil treasurer Colonel Oliver Hazard Payne; business leader and president of Avco Corporation Raymond Rich; the Smith Brothers, who invented the first cough drops in America; Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini (patron saint of immigrants); Major Gen. Daniel Butterfield, who founded the American Express Company and wrote "Taps" in 1862; Eugene R. Durkee, who made a fortune in spices and salad dressings and whose West Park summer mansion became part of the Christian Brothers monastery; John Jacob Astor III; boxing champion Floyd Patterson; who attended Wiltwyck School for Boys in West Park; and Alton Brooks Parker, a lawyer and judge who ran for U.S president as the 1904 Democratic Party nominee, losing to incumbent Theodore Roosevelt.
| [
{
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{
"indices": [
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],
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"text": "Historical figures and celebrated people who have lived in ... |
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic | [
{
"indices": [
63,
81
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"target": "October Revolution"
},
{
"indices": [
88,
103
],
"target": "Sovereign state"
},
{
"indices": [
143,
158
],
"target": "Socialist state"
},
{
"indices": [
180,
189
],
"target... | p_4140 | The Russian Soviet Republic was proclaimed on 7 November 1917 (October Revolution) as a sovereign state and the world's first constitutionally socialist state with the ideology of Communism. The first Constitution was adopted in 1918. In 1922, the Russian SFSR signed the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR officially setting up of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The 1977 Soviet Constitution stated that "[a] Union Republic is a sovereign [...] state that has united [...] in the Union" and "each Union Republic shall retain the right freely to secede from the USSR". On 12 June 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty, established separation of powers (instead of Soviet form of government), established citizenship of Russia and stated that the RSFSR shall retain the right of free secession from the USSR. On 12 June 1991, Boris Yeltsin (1931–2007), supported by the Democratic Russia pro-reform movement, was elected the first and only President of the RSFSR, a post that would later become the presidency of the Russian Federation.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 13895,
"passage": "october revolution",
"start": 13884,
"text": "the Soviets"
}
],
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"context": [
{
"ind... |
Vincent Browne | [
{
"indices": [
12,
18
],
"target": "Magill"
},
{
"indices": [
68,
80
],
"target": "Mary Holland (journalist)"
},
{
"indices": [
165,
178
],
"target": "Gene Kerrigan"
},
{
"indices": [
196,
207
],
"target": "P... | p_4141 | He launched Magill magazine in September 1977 with Noel Pearson and Mary Holland. Magill became Ireland's foremost investigative publication. Among its writers were Gene Kerrigan, Pat Brennan and Paddy Agnew. He remained editor of Magill until 1983, when he became involved in the relaunch of the Sunday Tribune with Tony Ryan, then of GPA and later of Ryanair. A series of articles he published in Magill highlighting the links between the Workers' Party of Ireland and the Official IRA in the 1980s caused him and other journalists to receive death threats. After the publication of "The Lost Revolution: the Story of the Official IRA and the Workers' Party" it was revealed that the Official IRA had planned to assassinate him by planting a bomb on his boat, but the operation was called off at the last minute. He was editor of the Sunday Tribune until 1994. He has written a weekly column for The Irish Times since then, and since 2000, has written weekly for The Sunday Business Post. He started broadcasting on RTÉ radio in 1996.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
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"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
81
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He launched Magill magazine in September 1977 with Noel ... |
Derek Bell (racing driver) | [
{
"indices": [
103,
117
],
"target": "Pagham Harbour"
},
{
"indices": [
200,
211
],
"target": "Lotus Seven"
},
{
"indices": [
259,
267
],
"target": "Goodwood Circuit"
},
{
"indices": [
307,
320
],
"target": "... | p_4142 | Bell grew up on a farm and helped to run the Church Farm caravan site, complete with its own pub, near Pagham Harbour before being encouraged by his stepfather Bernard Hender to take up racing with a Lotus Seven in 1964. He won his first race in the Lotus at Goodwood in March of that year. He graduated to Formula Three in the following year racing a Lotus 31 and in 1966 switched to a Lotus 41 scoring his first victory, again at Goodwood. In 1967 he enjoyed seven wins. He entered Formula Two in a privateer Brabham BT23C fielded by his stepfather's Church Farm Racing team and after several promising performances, which caught Enzo Ferrari's eye, made his Formula One Grand Prix debut for Ferrari at Monza in 1968. He contested the 1969 Tasman Series in a 2.4 Dino and was second at Lakeside to Amon and Rindt at Warwick Farm. In 1969 he raced the four-wheel-drive McLaren M9A in its only ever race at the British Grand Prix at Silverstone.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 130,
"passage": "goodwood circuit",
"start": 116,
"text": "United Kingdom"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indice... |
Mühleberg | [
{
"indices": [
67,
85
],
"target": "County of Burgundy"
},
{
"indices": [
93,
111
],
"target": "House of Zähringen"
},
{
"indices": [
164,
177
],
"target": "Laupen Castle"
},
{
"indices": [
182,
197
],
"targe... | p_4143 | Gümmenen Castle, of which nothing remains, was built by either the Counts of Burgundy or the Dukes of Zähringen as part of the defenses along the Saane, along with Laupen Castle and Grasburg Castle. The castle was built to defend a bridge over the river. By 1391, a village (villa inferiori Dicti castri) had developed around the bridge. In 1259, Peter of Savoy made Gümmenen into an imperial fief and imperial castellans took over the castle and village. In 1282–83 King Rudolph I of Germany forced the Savoy castellan out and granted it to a Habsburg knight, Ulrich II of Maggenberg as a fief. Ulrich's heirs sold the castle, ferry and ford to Fribourg in 1319. Fribourg then granted the lands to the knights of Vuippens, who lost it back to either the Holy Roman Empire or Fribourg in 1325. The castle and village were besieged and destroyed in 1333 during Bern and Fribourg's first war over the Sense and Saane valleys, the Gümmenenkrieg. The peace treaty brokered in 1333 by Queen Agnes returned Gümmenen to Fribourg.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
338,
455
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1259, Peter of Savoy made Gümmenen into an imperial fi... |
Jimmy Boswell | [
{
"indices": [
8,
15
],
"target": "Chester"
},
{
"indices": [
52,
64
],
"target": "Chester City F.C."
},
{
"indices": [
163,
179
],
"target": "World War II"
},
{
"indices": [
259,
274
],
"target": "Royal Engi... | p_4144 | Born in Chester, Boswell joined local football club Chester F.C. upon leaving school, initially as an amateur. He remained with the club until the outbreak of the Second World War, but never made it to the club's first team. During the war he served with the Royal Engineers and also made appearances as a guest player for Sheffield Wednesday during unofficial wartime competitions. He was later posted to Barton Stacey in Hampshire, where he helped his unit's football team win a major Army Football Association trophy. Upon leaving the army in 1946 he joined Gillingham, who at the time were playing in the Kent League. Gillingham manager Archie Clark also signed four other players who had served with Boswell at Barton Stacey and played alongside him in the unit football team, namely Jackie Briggs, George Forrester, Hughie Russell and Vic Hole.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 57,
"passage": "chester city f.c.",
"start": 31,
"text": "Chester City Football Club"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Youth activism | [
{
"indices": [
224,
250
],
"target": "Mary Harris Jones"
},
{
"indices": [
352,
364
],
"target": "Pennsylvania"
},
{
"indices": [
661,
684
],
"target": "American Youth Congress"
},
{
"indices": [
884,
925
],
... | p_4145 | Youth activism as a social phenomenon in the United States truly became defined in the mid- to late-nineteenth century when young people began forming labor strikes in response to their working conditions, wages, and hours. Mary Harris "Mother" Jones organized the first youth activism in the U.S., marching 100,000 child miners from the coal mines of Pennsylvania to the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C. in 1908. Youth newspaper carriers soon followed. These actions isolated youths' interests in the popular media of the times, and separated young people from their contemporary adult labor counterparts. This separation continued through the 1930s, when the American Youth Congress presented a "Bill of Youth Rights" to the US Congress. Their actions were indicative of a growing student movement present throughout the US from the 1920s through the early 1940s. The 1950s saw the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee bring young people into larger movements for civil rights. All the way back in 1959, Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. engaged youth activists in protesting against Bull Connor's racist law enforcement practices in Birmingham, Alabama. The youth activism of Tom Hayden, Keith Hefner and other 1960s youth laid a powerful precedent for modern youth activism. John Holt, Myles Horton and Paulo Freire were important in this period. Youthful life and expression defined this era.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 77,
"passage": "mary harris jones",
"start": 73,
"text": "1930"
}
],
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Claire Porter | [
{
"indices": [
26,
50
],
"target": "New Britain, Connecticut"
},
{
"indices": [
151,
162
],
"target": "Mathematics"
},
{
"indices": [
172,
195
],
"target": "College of New Rochelle"
},
{
"indices": [
371,
386
],
... | p_4146 | Claire Porter was born in New Britain, Connecticut, where, as a child, she was a star athlete and danced in a local studio. After she earned her BA in Mathematics from the College of New Rochelle in New York, she became a computer programmer for G.E. Analytical Engineering in Schenectady, New York. Porter returned to her dancing roots after witnessing a performance by Maria Tallchief. She then attended Sonoma State University in California from 1969-1973. At Sonoma State, she studied dance, taught Family Dance, Exercise, and Children’s Dance, and directed a dance company of 12 members. Porter eventually moved from California to Ohio to study dance at Ohio State University. It was there that Porter discovered Laban Movement Analysis and began exploring gestures, acting, writing, and voice. She later received her certification for Laban Movement Analysis at the Laban/Bartenieff Institute of Movement Studies NYC. She earned her MA in Dance from Ohio State and has continued the exploration of gestural movement as a teacher, choreographer and performer.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 884,
"passage": "new britain, connecticut",
"start": 880,
"text": "1850"
}
],
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
"indices"... |
Hella von Sinnen | [
{
"indices": [
38,
49
],
"target": "Gummersbach"
},
{
"indices": [
154,
157
],
"target": "Von"
},
{
"indices": [
164,
170
],
"target": "Germans"
},
{
"indices": [
244,
253
],
"target": "RTL Group"
},
{
... | p_4147 | Hella Kemper (born 2 February 1959 in Gummersbach) known by her stage name Hella von Sinnen (lit. Hella out of [her] mind, making pun of the aristocratic von) is a German entertainer. She had several TV shows on German private channels (mainly RTL Group). Since the show's first air date on 11 January 2003, she has formed (until 2011 together with Bernhard Hoëcker and since 2017 with Wigald Boning) the two permanent panel members of the award-winning weekly Sat.1 improvisational comedy show Genial daneben (lit. ingeniously off the mark) presented by her main TV partner Hugo Egon Balder. In this show, von Sinnen, Hoëcker and three varying comedians try to answer strange questions sent in by the audience. Since 2018 she is a panel member at the spin-off Genial Daneben - Das Quiz. Her stage name is a pun on the German von preposition denoting noble descent; von Sinnen is a German expression for mad or insane.
| [] |
Romeo Tan | [
{
"indices": [
82,
94
],
"target": "Star Search (Singaporean season 10)"
},
{
"indices": [
98,
109
],
"target": "Star Search (Singaporean TV series)"
},
{
"indices": [
415,
425
],
"target": "Jeffrey Xu"
},
{
"indices": [
5... | p_4148 | After completing his filming for The Best Things in Life, Tan participated in the tenth season of Star Search. He auditioned for the show and was put through to the quarter-final as one of the top 20 contestants of the season. He was announced as one of the top 3 participants during the quarter-final, and was put through to the grand final during the semi-final. Tan finished in fourth place, losing the title to Jeffrey Xu. He was offered a two-year contract by MediaCorp together with Xu, Adeline Lim, Sora Ma, James Seah, and Darryl Yong. In 2012,RomeoTan was the first among his fellow Star Search finalists to be given a supporting role in the critically acclaimed police procedural series C.L.I.F.. He was nominated for the Best Newcomer Award at Star Awards 2012 for his performance, but lost the award to Kate Pang. He was then given a role in the star-studded drama series Joys of Life and made a career breakthrough in which he played a role as an antagonist for the first time. His performance was well-received from the public, and was widely regarded as one of the current rising stars. He was given another leading role in Don't Stop Believin', which he played a role of Jin Zhengnan, a charming chef who experienced a love triangle with Du Siman (Felicia Chin) and Wu Yanbin (Elvin Ng). He later also appeared in the year-end blockbuster, It Takes Two as the Fish Prince. In 2013, Romeo Tan replaced Dai Xiang Yu, who was originally selected to play the role of Hong Khee Leong, as the male lead in the drama series Sudden. He was also one of the original singers of the theme song of the drama series, together with Da Feng Chui.
| [
{
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{
"indices": [
1102,
1303
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He was given another leading role in Don't Stop Believi... |
John Kingman | [
{
"indices": [
39,
54
],
"target": "Chancellor (education)"
},
{
"indices": [
62,
83
],
"target": "University of Bristol"
},
{
"indices": [
100,
107
],
"target": "Bristol"
},
{
"indices": [
558,
583
],
"targe... | p_4149 | From October 1985, Kingman was elected Vice-Chancellor of the University of Bristol. He remained in Bristol until 2001 when he took up his post at the Isaac Newton Institute in Cambridge. Shortly after making that move, Kingman drew some media attention for having the third-highest salary among British Vice-Chancellors and this having nearly doubled in his final year in the job, at a time when most academics received pay-rises of about 3%. Whilst at Bristol, he also served in a number of other capacities. In the academic field, he was president of the Royal Statistical Society from 1987 to 1989, and president of the London Mathematical Society from 1990 to 1992. In public service, he was a member of the board of the British Council between 1986 and 1991 and was on the Board of the British Technology Group from 1986 until after it was privatised in 1992. He also held directorships at a number of industrial companies, including IBM from 1985 to 1995 and SmithKline Beecham from 1986 to 1989. In 1987–88, Kingman chaired the Committee of Inquiry into the teaching of the English language. In 2000 the Chancellor of the Exchequer appointed Sir John the first chairman of the Statistics Commission, the body that oversees the work of the Office for National Statistics, the UK government's statistics agency. In 2002 Kingman attracted some media attention
| [
{
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"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
511,
669
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In the academic field, he was president of the Royal Stat... |
Old Dominion Monarchs baseball, 2010–19 | [
{
"indices": [
73,
82
],
"target": "Virginia Cavaliers baseball"
},
{
"indices": [
125,
129
],
"target": "Rice Owls baseball"
},
{
"indices": [
246,
254
],
"target": "Maryland Terrapins baseball"
},
{
"indices": [
282,
... | p_4150 | The Monarchs 2015 season included wins over two top 10 teams, beating #1 Virginina and winning the conference series from #8 Rice as well as defeating Virginia again when the team was ranked #22. The team also played and was defeated by then #18 Maryland and lost the series to #14 FAU making their record against ranked teams 5-4. In conference play the Monarchs won their series against Rice, FIU and swept LA Tech. The Monarchs lost their conference series to WKU, UTSA, Marshall, FAU, UAB and Charlotte after a Saturday win was vacated for a 27-man roster violation and got swept for the first time in C-USA play at MTSU. Out of conference play the Monarchs swept the weekend series from Penn and the season match ups from VMI and Virginia and won their weekend series from Rutgers. The team also split a home and home season series from Liberty and William & Mary and were swept by ECU and VCU. After finishing with a 13-17 conference record ODU ended up tied for 7th in conference standings with the tie-breaker over FIU to be the 7 seed in the 2015 C-USA Conference Baseball Tournament.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 337,
"passage": "virginia cavaliers baseball",
"start": 322,
"text": " Brian O'Connor"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Marine Cano | [
{
"indices": [
30,
50
],
"target": "Los Angeles Skyhawks"
},
{
"indices": [
58,
80
],
"target": "American Soccer League (1933–83)"
},
{
"indices": [
110,
125
],
"target": "Brian Parkinson"
},
{
"indices": [
206,
230
... | p_4151 | In 1976, Cano signed with the Los Angeles Skyhawks of the American Soccer League. There, he was the backup to Brian Parkinson and helped the Skyhawks to the ASL championship title. In 1978, he moved to the Fort Lauderdale Strikers of the North American Soccer League. In 1979, he returned to the ASL with the California Sunshine. In 1980, he played for the Cleveland Cobras in the ASL. That fall, he signed with the Cleveland Force in the Major Indoor Soccer League. In 1985, he played for the independent Los Angeles United. In 1986, he moved to the Los Angeles Heat of the Western Soccer Alliance. He played for the Heat as a backup to David Vanole in 1987, then left the league. In 1990, he returned to the Heat, now playing in the American Professional Soccer League. He permanently retired from playing following that season.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
125
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1976, Cano signed with the Los Angeles Skyhawks of the A... |
1909 Atlantic hurricane season | [
{
"indices": [
37,
61
],
"target": "Turks and Caicos Islands"
},
{
"indices": [
123,
142
],
"target": "Inagua"
},
{
"indices": [
150,
157
],
"target": "The Bahamas"
},
{
"indices": [
282,
288
],
"target": "An... | p_4152 | A tropical depression developed near Turks and Caicos Islands on June 26. Moving west-northwestward, the depression struck Great Inagua Island in the Bahamas. By 12:00 UTC the following day, the storm curved northwestward and strengthened into a tropical storm. While situated near Andros around 12:00 UTC on June 28, the cyclone peaked with winds of 50 mph (85 km/h). About eight hours later, it made landfall near Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The storm emerged into the Gulf of Mexico near Cedar Key early on June 30, before making landfall near St. Marks close to 14:00 UTC with winds of 40 mph (65 km/h). Although the system quickly weakened to a tropical depression, it remained a tropical cyclone while moving in a semicircular path across the Southeastern United States. Early on July 3, the storm emerged into the Atlantic near Beaufort, South Carolina. Around this time, Charleston observed a barometric pressure of , the lowest in relation to the system. The storm moved east-southeastward and continued weakening, until dissipating between Bermuda and Grand Bahama late on July 4.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 659,
"passage": "southeastern united states",
"start": 651,
"text": " Alabama"
},
{
"end": 668,
"passage": "southeastern united states",
"start": 661,
"text": "F... |
Reginald Tyrwhitt | [
{
"indices": [
25,
49
],
"target": "Richard St John Tyrwhitt"
},
{
"indices": [
119,
132
],
"target": "HMS Prince of Wales (1860)"
},
{
"indices": [
138,
143
],
"target": "Cadet"
},
{
"indices": [
184,
194
],
... | p_4153 | Born the son of the Rev. Richard St John Tyrwhitt and Caroline Tyrwhitt (née Yorke), Tyrwhitt joined the training ship HMS Britannia as a cadet on 15 July 1883. He was assigned to the battleship HMS Alexandra in the Mediterranean Fleet in August 1885 and, following his promotion to midshipman on 15 December 1885, he was appointed to the cruiser HMS Calypso in the Training Squadron in November 1888. He transferred to the armoured cruiser HMS Australia in 1889 and, following promotion to sub-lieutenant on 14 March 1890, he transferred to the battleship HMS Ajax later that year. He joined the training brig HMS Pilot at Portsmouth in March 1892 and, having been promoted to lieutenant on 25 August 1892, he transferred to the light cruiser HMS Cleopatra on the North America and West Indies Station in late 1892. He became commanding officer of the destroyer HMS Hart in January 1896 and then became First Lieutenant on the despatch vessel HMS Surprise in the Mediterranean Fleet in late 1896. He went on to be First Lieutenant in the cruiser HMS Indefatigable on the North America and West Indies Station in December 1899 and, having been promoted to commander on 1 January 1903, he became Executive Officer in the cruiser HMS Aurora early in 1903.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "no",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
1132,
1253
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "having been promoted to commander on 1 January 1903, ... |
Frank Thornton | [
{
"indices": [
54,
70
],
"target": "The Embassy Lark"
},
{
"indices": [
86,
99
],
"target": "The Navy Lark"
},
{
"indices": [
140,
153
],
"target": "The Navy Lark"
},
{
"indices": [
195,
206
],
"target": "Jon... | p_4154 | From 1966 to 1968, he starred in the BBC radio comedy The Embassy Lark, a spin-off of The Navy Lark. He appeared in at least one episode of The Navy Lark as CPO Nathanial Pertwee, filling in for Jon Pertwee who was indisposed. He also appeared in at least one episode of The Navy Lark as his character from The Embassy Lark. In 1969, he starred in The Big Business Lark which ran for one season of thirteen episodes. This was not strictly a spin-off from The Navy Lark, other than being another "Lark" written by Laurie Wyman. He continued to appear in films, mostly comedies, during the 1960s and 1970s, including Carry On Screaming!, alongside Steptoe and Son star Harry H. Corbett, The Early Bird, The Big Job, The Bed Sitting Room, Up the Chastity Belt, Some Will, Some Won't, "A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum" and No Sex Please, We're British, as well as television sitcom spin-offs. He appeared in The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes (1970) as the one-armed doorman for the Diogenes Club. In 1974, he made a rare dramatic appearance as Prince Albert in the second episode of Fall of Eagles.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
527,
862
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He continued to appear in films, mostly comedies, during ... |
Ex on the Beach (British TV series) | [
{
"indices": [
144,
150
],
"target": "Cancún"
},
{
"indices": [
152,
158
],
"target": "Mexico"
},
{
"indices": [
296,
308
],
"target": "Stephen Bear"
},
{
"indices": [
461,
474
],
"target": "Geordie Shore"
... | p_4155 | The third series of the show began on 11 August 2015. The official list of cast members was released on 14 July 2015. This series was filmed in Cancun, Mexico, making this the first series to be filmed outside of Europe. They include four boys: Graham Griffiths, Jayden Robins, Kirk Norcross and Stephen Bear, and four girls: Amy Paige Cooke, Laura Alicia Summers, Megan McKenna and Megan Rees. With the announcement of the line-up it was confirmed that former Geordie Shore cast member and star of the first series, Vicky Pattison, would be making her return as an ex alongside Series 2 star Rogan O'Connor. The Only Way Is Essex cast member Kirk Norcross was also confirmed to be taking part in the series, with his ex-fiancée and Celebrity Big Brother star Cami-Li featuring as his ex. Star of Magaluf Weekender Jordan Davies was also revealed to be taking part in the series, also featuring as an ex. Megan McKenna and Jordan later returned for the fourth series. On 5 January 2016, cast member Megan McKenna entered the Celebrity Big Brother house to compete in the seveneeth series, and on 28 July 2016, Stephen Bear entered the house to compete in the eighteenth series where he left as the winner. Jordan Davies made another return to the show, this time during the fifth series with Jemma and Bear, and Holly also returning as an ex again. In August 2017, both Jemma Lucy and Jordan Davies took part in the twentieth series of Celebrity Big Brother.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "27",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
53
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The third series of the show began on 11 August 2015."
... |
2007 BCS National Championship Game | [
{
"indices": [
4,
23
],
"target": "Ohio State Buckeyes football"
},
{
"indices": [
66,
106
],
"target": "2006 NCAA Division I FBS football season"
},
{
"indices": [
120,
134
],
"target": "Heisman Trophy"
},
{
"indices": [
... | p_4156 | The Ohio State Buckeyes were the No. 1 ranked team for the entire 2006 NCAA Division I FBS football season, anchored by Heisman Trophy winning quarterback Troy Smith. The Buckeyes were 12–0 with several wins over ranked opponents: the defending national champions, then No. 2 Texas Longhorns, then No. 24 Penn State Nittany Lions, then No. 13 Iowa Hawkeyes, and their then undefeated Big Ten Conference rival, then No. 2 Michigan. The win over Michigan to finish the regular season essentially guaranteed the Buckeyes a spot in the National Championship game. Who they would play remained a highly debated question. Despite the loss to Ohio State, Michigan remained No. 2 in the polls, followed by No. 3 Southern California (USC), No. 4 Florida, and No. 5 Notre Dame.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 26617,
"passage": "ohio state buckeyes football",
"start": 26606,
"text": "Jim Tressel"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
List of international goals scored by Andriy Shevchenko | [
{
"indices": [
0,
17
],
"target": "Andriy Shevchenko"
},
{
"indices": [
43,
65
],
"target": "Association football"
},
{
"indices": [
86,
116
],
"target": "Ukraine national football team"
},
{
"indices": [
122,
129
... | p_4157 | Andriy Shevchenko is a former professional association footballer who represented the Ukraine national football team as a striker for 17 years from 1995 to 2012. He is the Ukrainian national football team's top goalscorer with 48 goals in 111 appearances, making him the 2nd most capped Ukrainian international behind Anatoliy Tymoshchuk (144). He has represented the nation in two international tournaments: the 2006 FIFA World Cup and the 2012 UEFA European Championship. He has also played for them during every qualifying campaign during his international career. He made his debut for his country in a 4–0 loss to Croatia in March 1995 during a UEFA Euro 1996 qualifying match. However, he would not score his first goal until May 1996 in a friendly against Turkey. He scored his final goal for his country in the 55th minute of a UEFA Euro 2012 group stage match against Sweden. Ukraine would win the game 2–1. He decided to retire from international football after their final match in the group stage, which was against England. It ended with a 1–0 loss for the Ukraine.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 724,
"passage": "2006 fifa world cup",
"start": 719,
"text": "Italy"
},
{
"end": 357,
"passage": "uefa euro 2012",
"start": 352,
"text": "Spain"
}
... |
Connacht | [
{
"indices": [
48,
62
],
"target": "Gaelic revival"
},
{
"indices": [
190,
203
],
"target": "Anglicisation"
},
{
"indices": [
253,
270
],
"target": "Connaught Rangers"
},
{
"indices": [
329,
354
],
"target": ... | p_4158 | The usual English spelling in Ireland since the Gaelic revival is Connacht, the spelling of the disused Irish singular. The official English spelling during English and British rule was the anglicisation Connaught, pronounced or . This was used for the Connaught Rangers in the British Army; in the title of Queen Victoria's son Arthur, Duke of Connaught; and the Connaught Hotel, London, named after the Duke in 1917. Usage of the Connaught spelling is now in decline. State bodies use Connacht, for example in Central Statistics Office census reports since 1926, and the name of the Connacht–Ulster European Parliament constituency of 1979–2004, although Connaught occurs in some statutes. Among newspapers, the Connaught Telegraph (founded 1830) retains the anglicised spelling in its name, whereas the Connacht Tribune (founded 1909) uses the Gaelic. Connacht Rugby who represent the region and are based in Galway, use the Gaelic spelling also.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 84,
"passage": "galway",
"start": 77,
"text": "Ireland"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
795... |
Maurice (emperor) | [
{
"indices": [
93,
111
],
"target": "Battle of Solachon"
},
{
"indices": [
121,
125
],
"target": "Dara (Mesopotamia)"
},
{
"indices": [
200,
207
],
"target": "Priscus (general)"
},
{
"indices": [
370,
383
],
... | p_4159 | Maurice had to continue the war against the Persians. In 586 his troops defeated them at the Battle of Solachon south of Dara. In 588, a mutiny by unpaid Byzantine troops against their new commander, Priscus, seemed to offer the Sassanids a chance for a breakthrough, but the mutineers themselves repulsed the ensuing Persian offensive. Later in the year they secured a major victory before Martyropolis. The Sassanid commander, Maruzas, was killed, several of the Persian leaders were captured along with 3,000 other prisoners, and only a thousand men survived to reach refuge at Nisibis. The Byzantines secured much booty, including the Persian battle standards, and sent them, along with Maruzas' head, to Maurice in Constantinople. In 590 two Parthian brothers, Vistahm and Vinduyih, overthrew King Hormizd IV and made the latter's son, Prince Khosrau II, the new King. The former Persian commander-in-chief, Bahram Chobin, who had rebelled against Hormizd IV, claimed the throne for himself and defeated Khosrau. Khosrau and the two Parthians fled to the Byzantine court. Although the Senate unanimously advised against it, Maurice helped Khosrau regain his throne with an army of 35,000 men. In 591 the combined Byzantine-Persian army under generals John Mystacon and Narses defeated Bahram Chobin's forces near Ganzak at the Battle of Blarathon. The victory was decisive; Maurice finally brought the war to a successful conclusion with the re-accession of Khosrau.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
54,
125
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 586 his troops defeated them at the Battle of Solachon ... |
Juris Laizāns | [
{
"indices": [
32,
41
],
"target": "Skonto FC"
},
{
"indices": [
72,
83
],
"target": "PFC CSKA Moscow"
},
{
"indices": [
121,
129
],
"target": "UEFA Europa League"
},
{
"indices": [
185,
202
],
"target": "FC ... | p_4160 | Laizāns started his career with Skonto FC and moved to the Russian team CSKA Moscow in 2000. His team managed to win the UEFA Cup. After leaving CSKA Laizāns kept playing in Russia for FC Torpedo Moscow, FC Rostov, FC Kuban Krasnodar and FC Shinnik Yaroslavl. In 2009, he came back to Latvia, signing for Olimps/RFS, later also playing for FK Ventspils and participating in the UEFA Europa League group stages. Laizāns signed for Skonto FC at the start of 2010, but left the team soon - he joined the Russian team FC Salyut Belgorod. At the end of the season he was released, and he returned to Skonto FC once again. Playing 14 matches and scoring 2 goals, he once again left Riga, this time in July 2011 for Fakel Voronezh, playing in the Russian First League. After a season spent in Russia, Juris once again joined Skonto on 30 August 2012. Laizāns played for Skonto till April 2014, afterwards ending his professional footballer's career.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 425,
"passage": "pfc cska moscow",
"start": 414,
"text": "CSKA Moscow"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": ... |
Red Rovers | [
{
"indices": [
70,
80
],
"target": "Filibuster (military)"
},
{
"indices": [
100,
118
],
"target": "Courtland, Alabama"
},
{
"indices": [
134,
150
],
"target": "Texas Revolution"
},
{
"indices": [
181,
197
],
... | p_4161 | The Red Rovers, commonly referred to as the Alabama Red Rovers, was a filibuster force organized in Courtland, Alabama to support the Texas Revolution. Raised by doctor and planter Jack Shackelford in November 1835, the unit took its name from the red jeans of their uniforms and was outfitted with equipment from Alabama state arsenal. Consisting of some 70 men, nearly half the men in Courtland, the unit remained encamped until December 12 before setting out for Texas by way of New Orleans. After arriving at Lavaca Bay on January 19, 1836 and being accepted into Texas service on February 3, the Red Rovers were put under command of Colonel James W. Fannin. They fought in the Battle of Coleto on March 19–20, performing well, but the Texians were overrun and ultimately forced to surrender
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "45",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
152,
215
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Raised by doctor and planter Jack Shackelford in Nove... |
Walter Frederick Kuhl | [
{
"indices": [
8,
20
],
"target": "Spruce Grove"
},
{
"indices": [
22,
29
],
"target": "Alberta"
},
{
"indices": [
58,
71
],
"target": "Social Credit Party of Canada"
},
{
"indices": [
86,
112
],
"target": "H... | p_4162 | Born in Spruce Grove, Alberta, Kuhl was elected under the Social Credit banner to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1935 Canadian federal election. He defeated incumbent Member of Parliament and former Alberta Premier Charles Stewart to win the new Jasper—Edson electoral district. Kuhl would stand for re-election in the 1940 Canadian federal election this time under the New Democracy banner. He was re-elected defeating 3 other candidates winning by less than one hundred votes. Kuhl would stand for re-election for a 3rd term this time once again under the Social Credit banner he would be re-elected in the 1945 Canadian federal election. Kuhl would be defeated in the 1949 Canadian federal election by Liberal candidate John William Welbourn.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "68",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
151
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Born in Spruce Grove, Alberta, Kuhl was elected under t... |
Vittorio Tur | [
{
"indices": [
19,
30
],
"target": "World War I"
},
{
"indices": [
60,
77
],
"target": "Executive officer"
},
{
"indices": [
85,
94
],
"target": "Destroyer"
},
{
"indices": [
145,
157
],
"target": "Torpedo bo... | p_4163 | When Italy entered World War I, on 24 May 1915, Tur was the executive officer of the destroyer Irrequieto. He soon obtained his first command, a torpedo boat in the Northern Adriatic Sea. For an action with his torpedo boat off the coast of Pola, he was awarded a Bronze Medal of Military Valor. In June 1917 he was promoted to Lieutenant Commander, and in March 1918 he was given command of the "Caorle" Battalion of the Marine Regiment, deployed on the Piave River. In command of the "Caorle" Battalion, Tur participated in the Second Battle of the Piave River and the Battle of Vittorio Veneto, receiving for his actions two Silver Medals for Military Valor and another Bronze Medal.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 24,
"passage": "torpedo boat",
"start": 12,
"text": "Torpedo boat"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Sewing | [
{
"indices": [
11,
22
],
"target": "Middle Ages"
},
{
"indices": [
80,
87
],
"target": "Tailor"
},
{
"indices": [
193,
204
],
"target": "Coronation"
},
{
"indices": [
242,
278
],
"target": "Robert Radcliffe, ... | p_4164 | During the Middle Ages, Europeans who could afford it employed seamstresses and tailors. The vital importance of sewing was indicated by the honorific position of "Lord Sewer" at many European coronations from the Middle Ages. An example was Robert Radcliffe, 1st Earl of Sussex who was appointed Lord Sewer at the coronation of Henry VIII of England in 1509. Sewing for the most part was a woman's occupation, and most sewing before the 19th century was practical. Clothing was an expensive investment for most people, and women had an important role in extending the longevity of items of clothing. Sewing was used for mending. Clothing that was faded would be turned inside-out so that it could continue to be worn, and sometimes had to be taken apart and reassembled in order to suit this purpose. Once clothing became worn or torn, it would be taken apart and the reusable cloth sewn together into new items of clothing, made into quilts, or otherwise put to practical use. The many steps involved in making clothing from scratch (weaving, pattern making, cutting, alterations, and so forth) meant that women often bartered their expertise in a particular skill with one another. Decorative needlework such as embroidery was a valued skill, and young women with the time and means would practise to build their skill in this area. From the Middle Ages to the 17th century, sewing tools such as needles, pins and pincushions were included in the trousseaus of many European brides.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "yes",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
227,
359
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "An example was Robert Radcliffe, 1st Earl of Sussex wh... |
Robert James (headmaster) | [
{
"indices": [
21,
38
],
"target": "Henry James (priest)"
},
{
"indices": [
48,
52
],
"target": "Dean (Christianity)"
},
{
"indices": [
56,
62
],
"target": "Bangor Cathedral"
},
{
"indices": [
101,
115
],
"ta... | p_4165 | James was the son of Henry Lewis James, who was Dean of Bangor from 1934 to 1940. He was educated at Rossall School and Jesus College, Oxford, where he obtained a first-class degree in Literae Humaniores. He was also awarded a doctorate by the University of London. He was a housemaster at St Paul's School and taught classics from 1928 to 1939. In 1939, he became headmaster of Chigwell School before returning to St Paul's as High Master in 1946. In 1953, he became headmaster of Harrow School and on his death it was said that the prestige of the school had "seldom stood higher" than it had during his 18-year period in office. He was regarded as friendly and approachable, and was a traditionalist rather than an innovator. He twice hosted visits to the school by Elizabeth II and was awarded the CBE in 1971. He died on 14 May 1982 in Oxford at the age of 76.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
81
],
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"text": "James was the son of Henry Lewis James, who was Dean of Bang... |
Chris Stapleton discography | [
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"target": "Chris Stapleton"
},
{
"indices": [
89,
96
],
"target": "Single (music)"
},
{
"indices": [
169,
178
],
"target": "Traveller (Chris Stapleton album)"
},
{
"indices": [
211,
228
]... | p_4166 | American singer-songwriter Chris Stapleton has released three studio albums, one EP, ten singles, six promotional singles, and three music videos. His debut solo album, Traveller, was released on May 5, 2015 by Mercury Nashville. It reached number one on the US Billboard 200 and was certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and gold by Music Canada. Its album track "Tennessee Whiskey" was certified quadruple Platinum in the US and reached the top 20 on the Billboard Hot 100, while the single "Nobody to Blame" reached the top 10 on the US Country Airplay chart. Stapleton's second studio album was released on May 5, 2017, and , on December 1. Traveller and Volume 1 were the best-selling country albums of 2016 and 2017, respectively. Volume 1 and Volume 2 both debuted at number two on the Billboard 200.
| [
{
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
537,
605
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "\"Nobody to Blame\" reached the top 10 on the US Country ... |
John Senior | [
{
"indices": [
48,
58
],
"target": "California"
},
{
"indices": [
377,
421
],
"target": "Scarborough and Ryedale Mountain Rescue Team"
},
{
"indices": [
452,
487
],
"target": "Prospective parliamentary candidate"
},
{
"indices":... | p_4167 | In 1980 Senior returned home from University in California, and went to work at the family’s restaurant business taking an interest in the development of Scarborough’s tourism industry, he co-founded a number of tourism groups including the South Bay Traders Association and Forum for Tourism. A keen mountain walker and climber Senior was an active member and Chairman of the Scarborough and Ryedale Mountain Rescue Team. In 2003 he was selected as a Prospective Parliamentary Candidate for the Conservative Party, a career path not yet pursued. Senior is credited with launching Free Bay one of the first free public Wifi zones in Britain and was cosignatory to Scarborough’s urban renaissance programme the success of which helped win the town the title of most Enterprising Place in Europe 2010. Senior married his wife Nicola in 1984 at the Gibraltar Registry Office and they have a daughter Harriet, the family continue to operate their Scarborough based restaurant and property business sharing time between homes in North Yorkshire and Southern Spain, where Senior indulges his love of painting. In 2013 Senior was appointed to the post of Lifeboat Operations Manager, (LOM) RNLI at the Scarborough Station. The LOM is responsible for the smooth operation of the lifeboat station and crew. Her Majesty the Queen appointed Senior a Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire MBE in the 2016 News Years Honours list. In July 2016 the Vice Chancellor of the University of Hull Professor Calie Pistorius conferred Senior with the honour of becoming a Doctor of the University (Honoris Causa). Earlier in 2016 Senior was invited to be a contributor to John Sentamu Archbishop of York's latest book, Agape Love Stories which was launched at St Michaels De BelfryChurch, York on 1 December 2016. The book contains a series of 22 contributions, including John Vavier and Richard Taylor father to Damilola Taylor the stories illustrate personal sacrifice and love in terms of there relationship to the Christian faith. Senior's contribution reflects on the ideal of being prepared to lay one's life down for one's friend, in the context of being a member of an RNLI Lifeboat crew. Senior uses the tragic Andrew McGeown incident of Feb 2015 to illustrate the bravery, courage and potential for personal sacrifice of all those involved .
| [
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
1437,
1610
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In July 2016 the Vice Chancellor of the University of H... |
Patrick Robinson (cornerback) | [
{
"indices": [
43,
49
],
"target": "2012 New Orleans Saints season"
},
{
"indices": [
80,
92
],
"target": "Jabari Greer"
},
{
"indices": [
100,
112
],
"target": "Tracy Porter"
},
{
"indices": [
184,
203
],
"t... | p_4168 | Robinson entered the regular season as the Saints starting cornerback, opposite Jabari Greer, after Tracy Porter left via free agency. He started the Saints' season opener against the Washington Redskins and made three solo tackles and a pass deflection in a 40-32 loss. On September 23, 2012, he recorded a season-high eight combined tackles and three pass deflections in a 27-24 overtime loss to the Kansas City Chiefs. The next game, Robinson made two solo tackles, three pass deflections, and intercepted Aaron Rodgers in a 28-27 loss to the Green Bay Packers. On November 5, 2012, Robinson intercepted a pass from Michael Vick of the Philadelphia Eagles and returned it 99 yards for a touchdown, tying a Saints franchise record set by former Saints safety Darren Sharper. During a Week 16 matchup against the Dallas Cowboys, Robinson racked up a season-high seven solo tackles and an assisted tackle in a 34-31 loss.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 4456,
"passage": "tracy porter",
"start": 4437,
"text": "the Denver Broncos."
}
],
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
"ind... |
Gordi (band) | [
{
"indices": [
47,
57
],
"target": "Džentlmeni"
},
{
"indices": [
68,
71
],
"target": "Dah (band)"
},
{
"indices": [
88,
105
],
"target": "Zlatko Manojlović"
},
{
"indices": [
523,
528
],
"target": "Čovek"
... | p_4169 | The band was formed in November 1977 by former Džentlmeni, Fleš and Dah member Zlatimir Zlatko Manojlović. The band's first lineup consisted of Zlatko Manojlović (guitar, vocals), Zlatko's brother Goran Manojlović (a former Dah and Land member, keyboards), Stevan Milutinović Steva (a former Dogovor iz 1804, Moira and Dah member, drums) and Dragan Janković (a former Buket Mojih Prijatelja member, bass guitar). After Zdenko Pomper (a former Dah member) replaced Janković on bass guitar, the band released its debut album Čovek (A Man) in 1978, through ZKP RTLJ. Album featured song "Misli" ("Thoughts"), which was previously released on the B-side of the single "Žeđ" ("Thirst"), the last single released by Manojlović's previous band Dah. The album was progressive rock-influenced and in an interview for Rock Express Zlatko Manojlović described the band's sound as "psychedelic". Soon after the album release, Pomper was replaced by Slobodan Svrdlan, and Gordi released their second studio album Gordi 2. the album was released in 1979 through PGP-RTB. While the band's first album was mainly progressive rock-oriented, Gordi 2 featured more hard rock elements. In 1980 Zlatko Manojlović released his first solo album Zlatko i njegove gitare, and in 1981 the band released their third studio album Gordi 3 through PGP-RTB. Although progressive/hard rock-oriented, Gordi 3 also featured pop music elements. The same year, Gordi performed as the opening band on Ian Gillan Band concert in Belgrade Pionir Hall.
| [
{
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"type": "none"
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
106
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The band was formed in November 1977 by former Džentlmeni, ... |
Fazenda Ibicaba | [
{
"indices": [
21,
31
],
"target": "Portuguese language"
},
{
"indices": [
84,
90
],
"target": "Brazil"
},
{
"indices": [
228,
237
],
"target": "São Paulo (state)"
},
{
"indices": [
377,
389
],
"target": "Ste... | p_4170 | The Ibicaba Farm (in Portuguese: Fazenda Ibicaba) is one of the most known farms of Brazil. Established in 1817 by senator Nicolau Vergueiro, it was widely known as one of the most macabre symbols of the slavery in the state of São Paulo. Afterwards, it has become the pioneer in the replacement of the African enslaved by the European immigrants' labour and in the use of the steam engine, cart and plough. The Ibicaba has also served as a military headquarters during the War of the Triple Alliance, receiving the Emperor Dom Pedro II, the princess Isabel and the count Gaston of Eu. In the 19th century, it was the stage to the revolt of the European immigrants, led by Thomaz Davatz, who achieved to show the European authorities the conditions in which their former citizens lived in Brazil. By 1882, the Italian immigration to Brazil grew significantly, encouraging the aftermost massive immigrations of Italians to the whole state of São Paulo, including its capital. In 1890, the farm was bought by the Levy family, and then reduced thanks to the allotment and inheritance conditions. Since the 1990s, it's being used as a museum and tourist site.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 44,
"passage": "pedro ii of brazil",
"start": 32,
"text": "Dom Pedro II"
}
],
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"context": [
{
"indices"... |
John Carroll (bishop) | [
{
"indices": [
24,
54
],
"target": "St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church (Silver Spring, Maryland)"
},
{
"indices": [
136,
156
],
"target": "Continental Congress"
},
{
"indices": [
239,
251
],
"target": "Samuel Chase"
},
{
"i... | p_4171 | In 1774 Carroll founded St. John the Evangelist Parish at Forest Glen (Silver Spring) on land that belonged to his mother. In 1776, the Continental Congress asked Carroll, along with his cousin, delegate Charles Carroll, fellow Marylander Samuel Chase (1741–1811), and Benjamin Franklin (1705/06–1790), to travel north to Montreal in the Saint Lawrence River Valley to try to persuade the French Canadian-majority Province of Quebec to join the Revolution with the lower Thirteen Colonies. The French Canadians had been forced to cede control of their territory in 1763 to the occupying British Army, which won the Seven Years' War, known as the French and Indian War in North America. The Quebec Act of 1774 allowed French Canadians to keep their language, their religion, and much of their law. The group was unsuccessful, but Carroll became known to other early founders of the United States Republic. Snubbed by the local clergy on the orders of Jean-Olivier Briand, Bishop of Quebec, Carroll took an early opportunity to accompany the ailing Franklin back to the colonial capital at Philadelphia.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 5222,
"passage": "continental congress",
"start": 5205,
"text": "George Washington"
},
{
"end": 5237,
"passage": "continental congress",
"start": 5224,
"text": "... |
Purushottama | [
{
"indices": [
103,
110
],
"target": "Purusha Sukta"
},
{
"indices": [
114,
127
],
"target": "God"
},
{
"indices": [
184,
192
],
"target": "Sanskrit"
},
{
"indices": [
293,
300
],
"target": "Prakṛti"
},
{... | p_4172 | "Purushottama" ( from पुरुष, purusha "spirit" or "male" and उत्तम, uttama, "highest") meaning "Supreme Purusha", "Supreme Being", "Supreme God". It means "Foremost Amongst All Men" in Sanskrit. Its symbolic deeper meaning is "One who is the Supreme Purusha beyond the Kshara (Destroyable i.e. Prakṛti) and Akshara (Undestroyable i.e. Atman)". Purushottama is also one of the names of Lord Vishnu and appears as 24th name of Lord Vishnu in Vishnu Sahasranama of Mahabharata. According to the Bhagavad Gita, Purushottam is explained as above and beyond kshar and akshar purushas or as an omnipotent cosmic being. The Purushottama was explained by the Integral philosopher Haridas Chaudhuri (1913–1975) as representing that ineffable phenomenon which lies even beyond the undifferentiated Godhead. Lord Rama as an avatara of Lord Vishnu is called Maryada Purushottama where as Lord Krishna as an avatara of Lord Vishnu is known as Leela or Purushottama.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 1167,
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"start": 1163,
"text": "108 "
}
],
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{
"indices": [
34... |
2001 Australian Capital Territory general election | [
{
"indices": [
121,
134
],
"target": "Canberra Liberals"
},
{
"indices": [
143,
157
],
"target": "Gary Humphries"
},
{
"indices": [
181,
192
],
"target": "Australian Labor Party (Australian Capital Territory Branch)"
},
{
"indic... | p_4173 | Elections to the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly were held on Saturday, 20 October 2001. The incumbent Liberal Party, led by Gary Humphries, was challenged by the Labor Party, led by Jon Stanhope. Candidates were elected to fill three multi-member electorates using a single transferable vote method, known as the Hare-Clark system. The result was another hung parliament. However Labor, with the largest representation in the 17-member unicameral Assembly, formed Government with the support of the ACT Greens and Democrats. Stanhope was elected Chief Minister at the first sitting of the fifth Assembly on 12 November 2001. The election was conducted by the ACT Electoral Commission and was the first time in Australia's history that an electronic voting and counting system was used for some, but not all, polling places.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
214
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Elections to the Australian Capital Territory Legislative A... |
Matsumoto Domain | [
{
"indices": [
113,
127
],
"target": "Courtesy title"
},
{
"indices": [
212,
223
],
"target": "Yodo Domain"
},
{
"indices": [
290,
311
],
"target": "Matsumoto Domain"
},
{
"indices": [
358,
376
],
"target": "... | p_4174 | was the 2nd Matsudaira daimyō of Matsumoto Domain and 7th hereditary chieftain of the Toda-Matsudaira clan. His courtesy title was Tamba-no-kami. Mitsuo was the fifth son of Matsudaira Mitsuhiro and was born at Yodo Castle. In 1732, he was posthumous adopted as heir by his elder brother, Matsudaira Mitsuchika and was received in formal audience by Shōgun Tokugawa Yoshimune. In 1735, the authority to issue travel permits to women passing through official checkpoints at the Usui Pass and Fukushima-juku on then Nakasendō highway was restored to Matsumoto Domain. In 1743, the shogunate abolished its jin'ya at Shiojiri and placed the 159 tenryō villages with a kokudaka of 53,290 koku under the administration of Matsumoto Domain, although subsequently (in 1788), Naka-no-jō jin'ya was established to administer 13,000 koku of this territory. His wife was a daughter of Satake Yoshimune of Kubota Domain. He died at the clan's Gofukubashi residence in Edo in 1756 at the age of 41.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
234,
288
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "he was posthumous adopted as heir by his elder brother"
... |
J. Lisney | [
{
"indices": [
35,
54
],
"target": "First-class cricket"
},
{
"indices": [
63,
74
],
"target": "List of historically significant English cricket teams"
},
{
"indices": [
87,
110
],
"target": "Marylebone Cricket Club"
},
{
"indic... | p_4175 | Lisney made a single appearance in first-class cricket for the Surrey Club against the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) at Lord's in 1853. In a match which the MCC won by 66 runs, Lisney took five wickets in the MCC first-innings, finishing with figures of 5/33 from twenty overs. In the Surrey Club first-innings, Lisney was last man out when he was run out for 3 runs. He then proceeded to take three wickets in the MCC second-innings, but his exact figures in this innings are unknown due to an incomplete scorecard. In the Surrey Club second-innings, he was again last man out, this time dismissed for a duck by Thomas Nixon. He later stood as an umpire in the return fixture between the two sides in July 1853 at The Oval, before standing in a match between Surrey and Kent later in the season.
| [
{
"answer": {
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
135
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Lisney made a single appearance in first-class cricket for ... |
Afanasy Shchapov | [
{
"indices": [
70,
77
],
"target": "Irkutsk"
},
{
"indices": [
106,
112
],
"target": "Sexton (office)"
},
{
"indices": [
117,
123
],
"target": "Buryats"
},
{
"indices": [
143,
150
],
"target": "Irkutsk"
},
... | p_4176 | Afanasiy Shchapov was born in the village of Anga some 210 miles from Irkutsk, into a family of a Russian sexton and Buryat woman. Educated in Irkutsk, he moved to Kazan and became a student at Kazan Theological Academy (1852–1856). Upon receiving his Bachelor's degree, Shchapov began to deliver lectures on Russian history at his alma mater (1856–1860) and later at Kazan University (1860–1861). He also studied the Solovetsky Monastery library, which had been evacuated during the Crimean War to Kazan. Fascinated with the Solovetsky Uprising, Shchapov started writing articles about the Raskol and Old Believers. On April 16, 1861, he delivered a revolutionary speech dedicated to the victims of the Bezdna Unrest, after which he was arrested and escorted to St.Petersburg. After the investigation, Shchapov was dismissed as a teacher and appointed to the Ministry of the Interior as an official in charge of the sectarian affairs. In 1862, he was discharged and placed under police surveillance.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 133,
"passage": "kazan",
"start": 123,
"text": "1,243,500,"
}
],
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
133d Operations Group | [
{
"indices": [
47,
61
],
"target": "Hamilton Army Airfield"
},
{
"indices": [
99,
103
],
"target": "178th Reconnaissance Squadron"
},
{
"indices": [
105,
109
],
"target": "179th Fighter Squadron"
},
{
"indices": [
114,
... | p_4177 | The 367th Fighter Group was first activated at Hamilton Field, California on 15 July 1943 with the 392d, 393d and 394th Fighter Squadrons as its initial components. Several members of its initial cadre were former Flying Tigers with prior combat experience. It was not until late August, however, that the group received its first Bell P-39 Airacobra. After building up its strength, the group moved in October to Santa Rosa Army Air Field, California. In December the group moved to Oakland Municipal Airport, while its squadrons moved to separate fields in northern California. The squadrons moved temporarily in sequence to Tonopah Army Air Field, Nevada, where they performed dive bombing and gunnery training. Training accidents with the Airacobra cost eight pilots their lives. In January 1944, as it prepared for overseas movement, the 367th was beefed up with personnel from the 328th and 368th Fighter Groups. The group staged through Camp Shanks, and sailed for England aboard the . The "Drunken Duchess" docked at Greenock, Scotland on 3 April and the group was transported by train to its airfield at RAF Stoney Cross, England.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 1299,
"passage": "bell p-39 airacobra",
"start": 1281,
"text": "Benjamin S. Kelsey"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Bubba Monroe | [
{
"indices": [
137,
157
],
"target": "Pineville, Louisiana"
},
{
"indices": [
289,
316
],
"target": "Global Wrestling Federation"
},
{
"indices": [
340,
352
],
"target": "One Man Gang"
},
{
"indices": [
366,
379
... | p_4178 | A year or two later, Monroe retired from the sport to open his own training facility, the "Too Bad School of Professional Wrestling", in Pineville, Louisiana. He did, however, continue to make occasional appearances for local promoters. In November 2002, he made an appearance with fellow Global Wrestling Federation alumni Mark Von Erich, One Man Gang, and manager Skandor Akbar at a Red River Wrestling show held at the Rapides Coliseum in Alexandria, Louisiana. Two years later, on February 7, 2004, he and his father were among those in attendance at Red Bastien's annual "Texas Shootout" luncheon in Arlington, Texas, along with other Texas wrestling legends including James Beard, Ivan and Scott Putski, Killer Tim Brooks, Ric Manning, Kit Carson, Tom Jones, Nick Kozak, Johnny Mantell, Tom Renesto Jr., Ken Ramey, Karl Kox, Khris Germany, Jackie Goldman, Silento Rodriguez, Tank Gilbert, Bill Colvils, Marc Lowrance, Doug Johnson, Nikla Roberts, Bullman Downs, Chico Caballo, Jason Kettner, Chris Morrow, Clifford Hory, Bill Mercer, Tadd Murphy, Fred Urban, Wallace Evans, Chris Youngblood, Jonah, and Robert Player.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "no",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
465,
621
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Two years later, on February 7, 2004, he and his father... |
Michael Milken | [
{
"indices": [
18,
40
],
"target": "Birmingham High School"
},
{
"indices": [
145,
151
],
"target": "The Walt Disney Company"
},
{
"indices": [
162,
175
],
"target": "Michael Ovitz"
},
{
"indices": [
190,
201
],
... | p_4179 | He graduated from Birmingham High School where he was the head cheerleader and worked while in school at a diner. His classmates included future Disney president Michael Ovitz and actresses Sally Field and Cindy Williams. In 1968, he graduated from the University of California, Berkeley with a B.S. with highest honors where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa and was a member of the Sigma Alpha Mu fraternity. He received his MBA from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. While at Berkeley, Milken was influenced by credit studies authored by W. Braddock Hickman, a former president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, who noted that a portfolio of non-investment grade bonds offered "risk-adjusted" returns greater than that of an investment-grade portfolio.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
222,
287
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1968, he graduated from the University of California, ... |
Catholic Church in Norway | [
{
"indices": [
51,
62
],
"target": "Cistercians"
},
{
"indices": [
64,
74
],
"target": "Dominican Order"
},
{
"indices": [
80,
91
],
"target": "Poor Clares"
},
{
"indices": [
101,
113
],
"target": "Trappists"... | p_4180 | Four religious orders have returned to Norway: the Cistercians, Dominicans, the Poor Clares, and the Trappistines. In 2007, monks from the Abbey of Cîteaux dedicated a new monastery at Frol near Levanger in Nord-Trøndelag, naming it Munkeby Mariakloster. Trappistine nuns, likewise, bought land near the ruins of a pre-Reformation monastery on the island of Tautra in the Trondheimsfjord, moved to the site and built a new cloister, workplace, guesthouse and chapel, calling the new monastery Tautra Mariakloster. In addition to these four, 17 other orders are also working in the country, for instance the Sisters of St. Francis Xavier (Franciskussøstre), which is a unique order as it was founded in Norway in 1901. The Benedictines, who had a monastery on the island of Selja in the Medieval ages, were asked to return to Norway.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 62,
"passage": "Catholic Church in Norway",
"start": 50,
"text": " Cistercians"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"i... |
Democratic Party of Hawaii | [
{
"indices": [
81,
86
],
"target": "Liliʻuokalani"
},
{
"indices": [
104,
110
],
"target": "Bubonic plague"
},
{
"indices": [
125,
133
],
"target": "Honolulu"
},
{
"indices": [
174,
188
],
"target": "John H. ... | p_4181 | The Democratic Party of Hawaii was formed on April 30, 1900 by supporters of the queen in the wake of a plague quarantine in Honolulu. The meeting brought together five men: John H. Wilson, son of Marshal of the Kingdom Charles B. Wilson; John S. McGrew, a doctor and supporter of Kalākaua; Charles J. McCarthy, a saloon owner and former Honolulu Rifle; David Kawānanakoa, prince of the House of Kawānanakoa; and Delbert Evener Metzger, an engineer from Kaua'i. The group believed that it was necessary for a party in Hawaii, now a region of the US, to have a national counterpart to survive and established the Democratic Party of Hawaii. The intention of the party was to promote Jeffersonian philosophy and home rule. Following the Overthrow of the Hawaiian Monarchy, the Reform Party of Hawaii seized control of government and intended to annex Hawaii to the United States. The reformers became affiliated with the Republican Party for this support of Hawaii's annexation in contrast to the Democrats' opposition. The American Union Party became the regional Republican party in Hawaii, leaving the Democratic Party for any opposition group. The first convention of the Democratic Party of Hawaii was held on May 16 that year and was attended by 500 people. Later that year, Kawānanakoa attended the 1900 Democratic National Convention in Kansas City, becoming the first royal attendee. At the convention, Kawānanakoa formed an affiliation between the Democratic Party of Hawaii and the Democratic Party of the United States.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 31,
"passage": "charles j. mccarthy",
"start": 12,
"text": "Charles J. McCarthy"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"... |
Scott Zolak | [
{
"indices": [
20,
31
],
"target": "1992 New England Patriots season"
},
{
"indices": [
109,
120
],
"target": "Depth chart"
},
{
"indices": [
303,
321
],
"target": "New Orleans Saints"
},
{
"indices": [
520,
538
... | p_4182 | At the start of the 1992 season, Zolak also looked unlikely to appear, being behind Hodson and Millen on the depth chart. Millen started the first five games before being injured, and then Hodson became the starter. In early November, Zolak made his professional debut in the fourth quarter against the New Orleans Saints. Relieving Hodson, he completed five of nine passes and threw an interception as the Patriots lost, 31–14. The next week, Zolak made his first career start when the still winless Patriots faced the Indianapolis Colts. He completed 20 of 29 passes for 261 yards, two touchdowns, and an interception in the Patriots' first win of the season, 37–34. As a result of his performance, he was named the American Football Conference (AFC) Player of the Week. The next week, Zolak led his team to their second victory of the season against the New York Jets. He completed seven of 16 passes for 102 yards, getting help from Jon Vaughn who had 110 rushing yards, and the Patriots won, 24–3. However, the following week's performance against the Atlanta Falcons was less impressive. He completed nine of 16 passes for 58 yards and two interceptions in the Patriots' losing effort, and he said it felt like he was "on a desert island by myself." After Zolak's performance against Atlanta, he lost the starting job, and Millen again filled that role. However, Millen suffered a shoulder injury against the Colts, and after Zolak played part of the game against Indianapolis, he again became the starter for the game against the Kansas City Chiefs. Zolak injured his ankle at the end of the third quarter, making the appearance against Kansas City his last for the season as Jeff Carlson took over quarterbacking duties. Zolak finished the season with 52 pass completions in 100 attempts, 561 yards, two touchdowns, four interceptions, and a quarterback rating of 58.8.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
1729,
1877
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Zolak finished the season with 52 pass completions in 1... |
Carlo Rosselli | [
{
"indices": [
27,
50
],
"target": "Unitary Socialist Party (Italy, 1922)"
},
{
"indices": [
62,
71
],
"target": "Giacomo Matteotti"
},
{
"indices": [
76,
82
],
"target": "Claudio Treves"
},
{
"indices": [
106,
121
... | p_4183 | An active supporter of the Unitary Socialist Party of Turati, Matteotti and Treves, he began writing for "Critica Sociale", a review edited by Turati. After the murder of Matteotti, Rosselli pushed for a more active opposition to Fascism. With the help of Ernesto Rossi and Gaetano Salvemini he founded the clandestine publication "Non mollare" (Don't give up). During the following months, fascist violence towards the left became increasingly severe. Ernesto Rossi left the country for France, followed by Salvemini. In 15 February 1926 fellow activist Piero Gobetti died as an exile in Paris for the consequences of a fascist aggression happened in Turin the year before. Still in Italy, Rosselli and Pietro Nenni founded the review "Quarto Stato", which was banned after a few months.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "24",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
239,
361
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "With the help of Ernesto Rossi and Gaetano Salvemini ... |
Union Pass | [
{
"indices": [
149,
157
],
"target": "Eastern Shoshone"
},
{
"indices": [
159,
166
],
"target": "Bannock people"
},
{
"indices": [
168,
175
],
"target": "Arapaho"
},
{
"indices": [
177,
188
],
"target": "Gros... | p_4184 | Reports from the fur trappers who first entered the mountains and those following mention the trail through the pass as being in long term us by the Shoshone, Bannack, Arapaho, Gros Ventre, Flat Head or Bitterroot Salish, Nez Perce, Crow and others. The pass provide access into three river sheds. An east-west route ran from the east up the Wind River valley and provided a western route by the Gros Ventre or Hoback Rivers to the Valley of the Snake River in Jackson's Hole. To go south, the traveler would follow the Green River. The Union Pass Route was an extension of a North South Route up the Valley of the Yellowstone. Coming up the Valley of the Thoroughfare, west of the Absaroka Mountains and south of Yellowstone Lake, the trail followed the North Fork of the Yellowstone. Crossing over Two Ocean Pass, the trail split east and west around Terrace Mountain into the Wind River Valley at DuNoir. From Union Pass south bound travelers could use the Green River Valley to connect east through South Pass or west toward the Snake River.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 161,
"passage": "yellowstone lake",
"start": 153,
"text": "136 sqmi"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Rollo May | [
{
"indices": [
16,
25
],
"target": "Ada, Ohio"
},
{
"indices": [
143,
156
],
"target": "Schizophrenia"
},
{
"indices": [
394,
419
],
"target": "Michigan State University"
},
{
"indices": [
572,
587
],
"target... | p_4185 | May was born in Ada, Ohio, on April 21, 1909. He experienced a difficult childhood when his parents divorced and his sister was diagnosed with schizophrenia. He was the first son of a family with six children. His mother often left the children to care for themselves, and with his sister suffering from schizophrenia, he bore a great deal of responsibility. His educational career took him to Michigan State University, where he pursued a major in English, but he was expelled due to his involvement in a radical student magazine. After being asked to leave, he attended Oberlin College and received a bachelor's degree in English. He later spent three years teaching in Greece at Anatolia College. During this time, he studied with doctor and psychotherapist Alfred Adler, with whom his later work shares theoretical similarities. He became ordained as a minister shortly after coming back to the United States, but left the ministry after several years to pursue a degree in psychology. He was diagnosed with tuberculosis in 1942 and spent 18 months in a sanatorium. He later attended Union Theological Seminary for a BD during 1938, and finally to Teachers College, Columbia University for a PhD in clinical psychology in 1949. May was a founder and faculty member of Saybrook Graduate School and Research Center in San Francisco.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 152,
"passage": "ada, ohio",
"start": 146,
"text": "5,952 "
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Feyenoord | [
{
"indices": [
65,
74
],
"target": "FC Groningen"
},
{
"indices": [
147,
165
],
"target": "Stadion Oosterpark"
},
{
"indices": [
169,
178
],
"target": "Groningen"
},
{
"indices": [
317,
320
],
"target": "N.E.... | p_4186 | In 1993, Feyenoord secured another Dutch Championship by beating Groningen 5–0 in the last league match of the season. The match was played at the Oosterpark Stadion in Groningen, so 40.000 Feyenoord fans watched the game on giant screens in De Kuip. The title was followed by another two Dutch Cups in 1994 (beating NEC 2–1) and 1995 (beating Volendam 2–1). During the 1994–95 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, Feyenoord reached the quarter finals after beating Werder Bremen in the second round. They eventually lost to Real Zaragoza. In the quarter-finals in the 1995 KNVB Cup, Feyenoord visited Ajax, which would win the 1994–95 UEFA Champions League later that season. Ajax was leading 1–0 when Ruud Heus equalised with a penalty just before full time. In extra time, Feyenoord became the only team to defeat Ajax the same season they won the Eredivisie and the Champions League unbeaten. The goal scored by Mike Obiku was the decider as the new golden goal rule became in use. During the 1995–96 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, Everton and Borussia Mönchengladbach were beaten. A total of 14,000 Feyenoord fans travelled to Germany to support the team against Mönchengladbach. Feyenoord were eliminated in the semi-finals by a Carsten Jancker-inspired Rapid Wien.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 121,
"passage": "1995–96 uefa cup winners' cup",
"start": 102,
"text": "Paris Saint-Germain"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
... |
Igor Dodon | [
{
"indices": [
43,
49
],
"target": "Moscow"
},
{
"indices": [
55,
63
],
"target": "Brussels"
},
{
"indices": [
234,
242
],
"target": "Istanbul"
},
{
"indices": [
277,
293
],
"target": "Istanbul Airport"
},
... | p_4187 | His first two international visits were to Moscow, and Brussels. Since he took office in December 2016 he has made 47 foreign visits to 19 different countries, with 20 of those visits being to Russia. In late October 2019, he visited Istanbul to attend the opening ceremony of Istanbul Airport as well as the ceremony for the Turkish Republic's 95th anniversary. In February and September 2019 respectively, he attended the Munich Security Conference in Germany and the Seventy-fourth session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York City both for the first time. During the UN visit, he referred to his attendance as "a successful one" during which he and his delegation "were able to promote the interests and aspirations of the Republic of Moldova on the international arena". He attended the 2018 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony in Moscow in June 2018 and the 2019 European Games in Minsk just over a year later. In October 2018, He attended a summit of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie in Yerevan where he delivered a speech in the French language.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "yes",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
71,
102
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "he took office in December 2016"
},
{
... |
Battle of Novi (1799) | [
{
"indices": [
42,
58
],
"target": "Battle of Verona (1799)"
},
{
"indices": [
109,
115
],
"target": "Verona"
},
{
"indices": [
136,
153
],
"target": "Battle of Magnano"
},
{
"indices": [
170,
187
],
"target"... | p_4188 | The 1799 campaign in Italy began with the Battle of Verona, a series of costly but indecisive clashes around Verona on 26 March. At the Battle of Magnano on 5 April, the Habsburg Austrian army of Paul Kray triumphed over the Republican French army of Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer. While suffering losses of 4,000 killed and wounded and 2,000 captured, Kray's Austrians inflicted casualties of 3,500 killed and wounded and captured 4,500 men, 18 artillery pieces and seven colors from the French. Two days later, a distraught Schérer begged to be relieved of command. Michael von Melas arrived to take command of the Austrian army from Kray on 9 April. Hearing that 12,000 Austrians were approaching from the Tyrol to the north, Schérer abandoned the line of the Mincio River on 12 April. Leaving 12,000 troops in the fortress of Mantua and 1,600 more in Peschiera del Garda, the demoralized French commander ordered his crippled army to withdraw. As the soldiers fell back, the skies opened up and turned the retreat into a sodden nightmare.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
129,
283
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "At the Battle of Magnano on 5 April, the Habsburg Austria... |
Sioux City Grain Exchange | [
{
"indices": [
230,
239
],
"target": "Corn Belt"
},
{
"indices": [
278,
305
],
"target": "United States Grain Standards Act of 1916"
},
{
"indices": [
411,
428
],
"target": "History of the trucking industry in the United States"
},
... | p_4189 | By the 1920s, SCGX was doubling annually and had emerged as the "fastest growing grain market in the world"; transacting 22 million bushels in 1928 (valued at $336 million in 2018), resulting from its location in the heart of the Corn Belt and self-imposed standards before the Grain Standards Act of 1916 including species admittance and non-mixing. However, its growth was limited by shipping rates. With the trucking industry and Interstate Highway System not yet developed, SCGX was constrained by monopolized railroad rates, primarily by the Great Northern Railway. Exhausting their bargaining power with the Interstate Commerce Commission, SCGX President Charles C. Flanley directed future lobbying efforts to unlocking barge navigation of the Missouri River. His initiative was stalled throughout the 1930s by the Great Depression and Dust Bowl. In 1938, a renewed thirteen year campaign led by Secretary William Henry Marriott finally opened commercial navigation of the Missouri River and helped establish the Missouri River Basin Project, which included development of the Gavins Point Dam. The alternate transportation succeeded in breaking the railroad's monopoly. By the 1970s, SCGX was among the largest exchanges in the world; transacting over 100 million bushels annually (valued at $1 billion as of 2018).
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 2072,
"passage": "great northern railway (u.s.)",
"start": 2068,
"text": "1889"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"i... |
Super Bowl commercials | [
{
"indices": [
4,
8
],
"target": "Beer"
},
{
"indices": [
15,
24
],
"target": "Budweiser"
},
{
"indices": [
80,
94
],
"target": "Anheuser-Busch"
},
{
"indices": [
270,
283
],
"target": "Super Bowl 50"
},
... | p_4190 | The beer brand Budweiser has long been a Super Bowl fixture. Its parent company Anheuser-Busch held a long-term contract with the NFL that allowed it to buy several slots of air time from the game's broadcaster each year at a steep discount, a contract that ran through Super Bowl 50; the company continues to buy multiple commercials in each game. Budweiser runs several advertising campaigns throughout each game, one of which has traditionally featured its mascots, the Budweiser Clydesdales. The Clydesdales were included in at least one Super Bowl commercial every year from Super Bowl IX in 1975 through Super Bowl LI in 2017. Budweiser's parent company Anheuser-Busch has been the most successful advertiser in the annual Super Bowl Ad Meter survey organized by USA Today, having finished first on the survey fourteen times. When USA Today held an "All-Time Ad Meter" bracket tournament in 2014, two Budweiser commercials met in the finals; the winner was a 2008 ad spoofing Rocky, which went against its 1999 ad "Separated at Birth", which featured a pair of Dalmatian puppies given to two separate owners, but eventually seeing each other again after one became a mascot dog on the Clydesdales' carriage.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "99",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
496,
632
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The Clydesdales were included in at least one Super B... |
WHME-TV | [
{
"indices": [
137,
150
],
"target": "Tom and Jerry"
},
{
"indices": [
152,
162
],
"target": "Bugs Bunny"
},
{
"indices": [
164,
193
],
"target": "The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends"
},
{
"indices": [
195,
... | p_4191 | WHME signed on the air on September 10, 1977; the station ran mostly religious programs, along with a blend of classic cartoons (such as Tom and Jerry, Bugs Bunny, The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show, The Little Rascals and The Flintstones), sitcoms from the 1950s, '60s and '70s (such as The Dick Van Dyke Show, The Brady Bunch, My Three Sons, Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C., The Partridge Family and Leave It To Beaver), and some drama series (such as The Lone Ranger). By 1978, the station ran cartoons from 7 to 9 a.m. on weekdays. WHME ran Christian programs such as The PTL Club, The 700 Club, and locally produced Christian programs from 9 a.m. to about 1 p.m. Secular general entertainment programs ran from 1 to 7 p.m. Then after 7 p.m., WHME ran repeats of The PTL Club, The 700 Club and some of the religious shows that aired on Sundays, along with locally produced Christian programs. Saturdays consisted of Christian-themed children's programs until 9 a.m., a blend of secular cartoons and sitcoms until noon or 1 p.m., and some other family-friendly programs until 5 p.m. Christian programming continued after 6 p.m. Saturday nights and all day on Sundays (featuring televangelists such as Jerry Falwell, Jimmy Swaggart and Oral Roberts, as well as the Catholic Mass from Notre Dame). The station began broadcasting on a 24-hour schedule by 1980.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 99,
"passage": "our gang",
"start": 80,
"text": "The Little Rascals "
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [... |
Political positions of Hillary Clinton | [
{
"indices": [
40,
47
],
"target": "Twitter"
},
{
"indices": [
68,
79
],
"target": "Greg Abbott"
},
{
"indices": [
878,
889
],
"target": "LGBT rights by country or territory"
},
{
"indices": [
927,
965
],
"ta... | p_4192 | On November 2, 2015, Clinton got into a Twitter fight with Governor Greg Abbott over Proposition 1. On November 6, 2015, at the First in the South Candidates Forum, Clinton, when asked why Proposition 1 failed, stated that "the far right did, very successfully, is really engender a lot of fear and a lot of anxiety, and create this backlash against this ordinance. And they used the bathroom issue. And yet, you could go to another city in Texas, like San Antonio, and you would know that that was totally without merit, that there was no basis for it. I think this is a reminder that if you stand for equal rights, if you stand against discrimination, you don't just do it once and you're done," and "You've got to keep fighting for it, you've got to keep standing up for it, you've got to keep moving forward." On December 17, 2015, Clinton revealed a comprehensive plan for LGBT rights, including an endorsement of federal ban LGBT conversion therapy for minors. On January 20, 2016, Clinton criticized Senator Bernie Sanders for his comments that the Human Rights Campaign was "part of the establishment." On February 9, 2016, Clinton endorsed Florida's Competitive Workforce Act. On March 11, 2016, in an interview with MSNBC at Nancy Reagan's funeral service, Clinton credited Reagan with starting the national conversation about AIDS. Clinton's comments drew heavy criticism from LGBT groups and the media, who said that the Reagans had ignored the issue, causing Clinton to apologize and retract her statement. On March 24, 2016, Clinton condemned the Public Facilities Privacy & Security Act and Senate Bill 175. On April 6, 2016, Clinton condemned the Religious Liberty Accommodations Act. On July 2, 2016, Clinton stated she was proud of The Pentagon's decision to lift the prohibition on openly transgender people serving in the United States military. On October 6, 2016, she was the first major-party presidential candidate ever to write an op-ed for an LGBT newspaper (Philadelphia Gay News). On October 11, 2016, her Twitter account stated conversion therapy for minors should be ended.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 177,
"passage": "greg abbott",
"start": 161,
"text": "January 20, 2015"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices":... |
Chanchal II | [
{
"indices": [
0,
5
],
"target": "Gauḍa (city)"
},
{
"indices": [
91,
105
],
"target": "Pundravardhana"
},
{
"indices": [
148,
160
],
"target": "Gupta Empire"
},
{
"indices": [
186,
198
],
"target": "Sena dyn... | p_4193 | Gauda was once the “capital of the ancient bhukti or political division of Bengal known as Pundravardhana which lay on the eastern extremity of the Gupta Empire.” During the rule of the Sena Dynasty, in the 11th-12th century, Gauda was rebuilt and extended as Lakshmanawati (later Lakhnauti), and it became the hub of the Sena empire. Gauda was conquered by Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji in 1205. During the Turko-Afghan period, “the city of Lakhnauti or Gauda continued to function initially as their capital but was abandoned in 1342 by the Ilyas Shahi sultans in favour of Pandua because of major disturbances along the river course of the Ganga.” “Pandua then lay on the banks of the Mahananda, which was the major waterway of the sultanate at the time. However, when the Mahananda too began to veer away from the site of Pandua in the mid-15th century, Gauda was rebuilt and restored to the status of capital city by the Hussain Shahi sultans”… With the ascent of Akbar to the Mughal throne at Delhi… the Mughals annexed the ancient region of Gauda in 1576 and created the Diwani of Bengal. The centre of regional power shifted across the Ganga to Rajmahal,, Following the demise of the independent sultanate, the regional importance of the Gauda or Malda region declined irreversibly and the city of Gauda was eventually abandoned.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 673,
"passage": "sena dynasty",
"start": 661,
"text": "Ballala Sena"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
English cricket team in India, Pakistan and Ceylon in 1961–62 | [
{
"indices": [
4,
33
],
"target": "England cricket team"
},
{
"indices": [
48,
71
],
"target": "Marylebone Cricket Club"
},
{
"indices": [
86,
91
],
"target": "India"
},
{
"indices": [
93,
101
],
"target": "P... | p_4194 | The England national cricket team, organised by Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), toured India, Pakistan and Ceylon from October 1961 to February 1962. They played five Test matches against the India national cricket team, with India winning two matches and the other three being drawn; and three Tests against the Pakistan national cricket team, with England winning the first match and the other two drawn. The itinerary was unusual in that England began in Pakistan with three matches, including the first Test at the Gaddafi Stadium in Lahore, and then went on an extensive five-Test tour of India before crossing into East Pakistan (now Bangladesh), where they played their second Test against Pakistan at the Dacca Stadium in Dacca. For the third Test against Pakistan, they travelled to the National Stadium, Karachi before completing the tour in February with three games in Ceylon. Ceylon (now Sri Lanka was not a Test-qualified team at that time and played a single first-class match against MCC in Colombo which was won by MCC.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "seats",
"answer_value": "37000",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
406,
544
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The itinerary was unusual in that England began in... |
Steve Thomas (ice hockey) | [
{
"indices": [
62,
72
],
"target": "Free agent"
},
{
"indices": [
82,
101
],
"target": "Toronto Maple Leafs"
},
{
"indices": [
116,
119
],
"target": "National Hockey League"
},
{
"indices": [
134,
141
],
"tar... | p_4195 | Thomas went undrafted after his junior career but signed as a Free Agent with the Toronto Maple Leafs. He began his NHL career in the 1984–85 season. Thomas was born in Stockport, England but was raised in Markham, Ontario, Canada where he attended Markham District High School. As he often coasted in school on his hockey skills, he once had a teacher tell him to "smarten up, Steve; hockey can only take you so far". He played junior hockey for the Toronto Marlboros of the OHL (he was the last original Toronto Marlboro to make it to the Maple Leafs of the NHL). Prior to playing in the NHL, Thomas won the Dudley "Red" Garrett Memorial Award in 1985 as the top rookie in the American Hockey League, while playing for the St. Catharines Saints.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "Championships",
"answer_value": "13",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
102
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Thomas went undrafted after his junior career b... |
Joc Pederson | [
{
"indices": [
21,
42
],
"target": "Palo Alto, California"
},
{
"indices": [
80,
92
],
"target": "Stu Pederson"
},
{
"indices": [
128,
147
],
"target": "Los Angeles Dodgers"
},
{
"indices": [
190,
211
],
"tar... | p_4196 | Pederson was born in Palo Alto, California, and is the son of Shelly (Cahn) and Stu Pederson. Stu played in eight games for the Los Angeles Dodgers in 1985, and spent a total of 12 years in Minor League Baseball. Joc's mother was an athletic trainer in college. Pederson grew up a San Francisco Giants fan. He is Jewish by birth, and is eligible because he is Jewish to play for the Israel national baseball team, which he has played on. Through 2019, Pederson was second among Jewish baseball players in career home run frequency (behind Hank Greenberg), 7th in career slugging percentage (behind Kevin Youkilis), and 10th in career home runs (behind Mike Epstein). Pederson's Jewish maternal great-great-great-grandfather and great-great-great-uncle immigrated to the United States in the 1840s, and were charter members of synagogue Temple Emanuel in San Francisco. His great-great-grandfather Leopold Cahn (born in 1864; son of Israel Cahn, a wool merchant), great-grandmother Zelda Sugarman (born in 1907), and great-great-grandmother Fannie Morris (born in 1873) were born in San Francisco. In terms of his religious identity, Pederson has described himself as "pretty much nothing."
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 181,
"passage": "question",
"start": 121,
"text": "the Jewish player with the highest career home run frequency"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
... |
Deir ez-Zor Governorate clashes (April 2018) | [
{
"indices": [
21,
32
],
"target": "Syrian Army"
},
{
"indices": [
41,
65
],
"target": "Syrian Democratic Forces"
},
{
"indices": [
93,
102
],
"target": "Euphrates"
},
{
"indices": [
106,
129
],
"target": "De... | p_4197 | Tensions between the Syrian Army and the Syrian Democratic Forces in the eastern bank of the Euphrates of Deir ez-Zor Governorate have always been high following the liberation of Deir ez-Zor city from ISIL and the SDF's capture of large parts of the area following its offensive against ISIL with CJTF–OIR support. On 16 September 2017, either Syrian or Russian aircraft bombed SDF positions on the eastern bank. On 25 September, Russian and Syrian forces shelled SDF forces in the nearby Conoco gas field. Between 7 February and 8 February 2018, clashes between the SDF and pro-Syrian government forces near Khasham resulted in US airstrikes on pro-government forces which killed dozens of pro-government militiamen, allegedly including contractors of the Russian private military company Wagner Group. Additional armed incidents took place in the following weeks.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 2533,
"passage": "euphrates",
"start": 2526,
"text": "3000 km"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
St Andrew's Church, Penrith | [
{
"indices": [
90,
96
],
"target": "Tuscan order"
},
{
"indices": [
211,
225
],
"target": "Jacob Thompson (painter)"
},
{
"indices": [
262,
285
],
"target": "Annunciation to the shepherds"
},
{
"indices": [
295,
314
... | p_4198 | Inside the church are galleries on the north, west, and south sides. These are carried on Tuscan columns, which rise to the ceiling as wooden quasi-Tuscan columns. At the east end of the church are paintings by Jacob Thompson of Penrith dated 1845 depicting the Angel and the Shepherds, and the Agony in the Garden. The communion table dates from 1722, and was lengthened in 1951. The brass chandeliers were given to the church in 1746 by the 2nd Duke of Portland in recognition of the part the town played in the defence against the Young Pretender in 1745. The pulpit consists of the top section of a former three—decker. At the back of the gallery are royal arms dated 1723 by Mathias Read. The font consists of a simple octagonal bowl, and is dated 1661 which is the date it was brought back into use after the Restoration of King Charles II. The stained glass in the east window of 1870 is by Hardman, and that in the north aisle, dating from 1889, is by Burlison and Grylls. Elsewhere are windows by Clayton and Bell, Powell's, G.J.Baguley, and by Cox, Sons and Buckley. The monuments include two coffin lids inscribed with foliated crosses, one dating from the 14th century, the other possibly from the 12th century. There are also two worn stone effigies from the 17th century.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 1030,
"passage": "jacob thompson (painter)",
"start": 1011,
"text": "View in Cumberland,"
},
{
"end": 1156,
"passage": "jacob thompson (painter)",
"start": 1119,
... |
Jacob Diamond | [
{
"indices": [
82,
98
],
"target": "Golconda diamonds"
},
{
"indices": [
167,
172
],
"target": "Nizam of Hyderabad"
},
{
"indices": [
180,
195
],
"target": "Hyderabad State"
},
{
"indices": [
197,
215
],
"tar... | p_4199 | The Jacob Diamond, also known as the Imperial or Victoria Diamond, is a colorless Golconda Diamond ranked as the fifth-biggest polished diamond in the world. The last Nizam of the Hyderabad State, Mir Osman Ali Khan, found the diamond in the toe of the shoe of his father (Mahboob Ali Khan) at Chowmahalla Palace and used it as a paper weight for a long time. It was bought by the Government of India for an estimated $13 million in 1995. It is cut in a rectangular cushion-cut, with 58 facets, and measures 39.5 mm long, 29.25 mm wide and 22.5 mm deep. The diamond weighs 184.75 carats (36.90 g). Currently, it is kept at the Reserve Bank of India vaults in Mumbai. As part of the Nizam's jewellery exhibition in 2001 and 2007, the Jacob diamond was a major attraction at Salar Jung Museum, Hyderabad.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
101
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The Jacob Diamond, also known as the Imperial or Victoria D... |
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