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5731a0a1b9d445190005e411 | University | By the end of the early modern period, the structure and orientation of higher education had changed in ways that are eminently recognizable for the modern context. Aristotle was no longer a force providing the epistemological and methodological focus for universities and a more mechanistic orientation was emerging. Th... | At the end of what period would universities become alike to contemporary universities? | {
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5731a21de17f3d1400422295 | University | The epistemological tensions between scientists and universities were also heightened by the economic realities of research during this time, as individual scientists, associations and universities were vying for limited resources. There was also competition from the formation of new colleges funded by private benefact... | Scientists and universities were competing for what? | {
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5731a318b9d445190005e427 | University | Other historians find incongruity in the proposition that the very place where the vast number of the scholars that influenced the scientific revolution received their education should also be the place that inhibits their research and the advancement of science. In fact, more than 80% of the European scientists betwee... | What university was Melancthon from? | {
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5731a318b9d445190005e429 | University | Other historians find incongruity in the proposition that the very place where the vast number of the scholars that influenced the scientific revolution received their education should also be the place that inhibits their research and the advancement of science. In fact, more than 80% of the European scientists betwee... | The acceptance of new concepts and sciences by universities brought these ideas what? | {
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"te... | context-423_24_6.mp3 | context-423_24.mp3 | 22,050 | Matthew | Another example was the short-lived but fairly rapid adoption of Cartesian epistemology and methodology in European universities, and the debates surrounding that adoption, which led to more mechanistic approaches to scientific problems as well as demonstrated an openness to change. | Another example was the short-lived but fairly rapid adoption of Cartesian epistemology and methodology in European universities, and the debates surrounding that adoption, which led to more mechanistic approaches to scientific problems as well as demonstrated an openness to change. | question-423_24_4.mp3 | 22,050 | Ivy | What type of epistemology was adopted for a short period of time in European universities? |
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5731a51fe17f3d140042229d | University | Examining the influence of humanism on scholars in medicine, mathematics, astronomy and physics may suggest that humanism and universities were a strong impetus for the scientific revolution. Although the connection between humanism and the scientific discovery may very well have begun within the confines of the univer... | The study of humanism among those studying math, astronomy and medicine is said to have caused what? | {
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5731a51fe17f3d140042229e | University | Examining the influence of humanism on scholars in medicine, mathematics, astronomy and physics may suggest that humanism and universities were a strong impetus for the scientific revolution. Although the connection between humanism and the scientific discovery may very well have begun within the confines of the univer... | Resisting what caused many scientists to court private benefactors? | {
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57318c85a5e9cc1400cdc03b | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | The priesthoods of public religion were held by members of the elite classes. There was no principle analogous to separation of church and state in ancient Rome. During the Roman Republic (509–27 BC), the same men who were elected public officials might also serve as augurs and pontiffs. Priests married, raised familie... | The members of what class were priests in ancient Rome? | {
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57318c85a5e9cc1400cdc03e | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | The priesthoods of public religion were held by members of the elite classes. There was no principle analogous to separation of church and state in ancient Rome. During the Roman Republic (509–27 BC), the same men who were elected public officials might also serve as augurs and pontiffs. Priests married, raised familie... | Which God exemplified just rule for the Romans? | {
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... | context-424_0_6.mp3 | context-424_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Joanna | The Roman triumph was at its core a religious procession in which the victorious general displayed his piety and his willingness to serve the public good by dedicating a portion of his spoils to the gods, especially Jupiter, who embodied just rule. | The Roman triumph was at its core a religious procession in which the victorious general displayed his piety and his willingness to serve the public good by dedicating a portion of his spoils to the gods, especially Jupiter, who embodied just rule. | question-424_0_1.mp3 | 22,050 | Joey | Which God exemplified just rule for the Romans? |
57318c85a5e9cc1400cdc03d | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | The priesthoods of public religion were held by members of the elite classes. There was no principle analogous to separation of church and state in ancient Rome. During the Roman Republic (509–27 BC), the same men who were elected public officials might also serve as augurs and pontiffs. Priests married, raised familie... | What was the time span of the Roman Republic? | {
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57318c85a5e9cc1400cdc03c | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | The priesthoods of public religion were held by members of the elite classes. There was no principle analogous to separation of church and state in ancient Rome. During the Roman Republic (509–27 BC), the same men who were elected public officials might also serve as augurs and pontiffs. Priests married, raised familie... | What kind of political separation did not exist in Rome? | {
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57318c85a5e9cc1400cdc03f | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | The priesthoods of public religion were held by members of the elite classes. There was no principle analogous to separation of church and state in ancient Rome. During the Roman Republic (509–27 BC), the same men who were elected public officials might also serve as augurs and pontiffs. Priests married, raised familie... | As a result of what war were many new temples built by victorious generals? | {
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57318f2c05b4da19006bd2ac | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | Roman religion was thus practical and contractual, based on the principle of do ut des, "I give that you might give." Religion depended on knowledge and the correct practice of prayer, ritual, and sacrifice, not on faith or dogma, although Latin literature preserves learned speculation on the nature of the divine and i... | What characteristics were not inherent in Roman religious practice? | {
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57318f2c05b4da19006bd2ae | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | Roman religion was thus practical and contractual, based on the principle of do ut des, "I give that you might give." Religion depended on knowledge and the correct practice of prayer, ritual, and sacrifice, not on faith or dogma, although Latin literature preserves learned speculation on the nature of the divine and i... | What religious feature did each Roman home have? | {
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5731a18fe17f3d140042228e | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | Rome offers no native creation myth, and little mythography to explain the character of its deities, their mutual relationships or their interactions with the human world, but Roman theology acknowledged that di immortales (immortal gods) ruled all realms of the heavens and earth. There were gods of the upper heavens, ... | What did Rome make the myriad various cults? | {
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5731a3b00fdd8d15006c6417 | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | Several versions of a semi-official, structured pantheon were developed during the political, social and religious instability of the Late Republican era. Jupiter, the most powerful of all gods and "the fount of the auspices upon which the relationship of the city with the gods rested", consistently personified the div... | To the Romans who was the most powerful of the gods? | {
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"te... | context-424_11_1.mp3 | context-424_11.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | Jupiter, the most powerful of all gods and "the fount of the auspices upon which the relationship of the city with the gods rested", consistently personified the divine authority of Rome's highest offices, internal organization and external relations. | Jupiter, the most powerful of all gods and "the fount of the auspices upon which the relationship of the city with the gods rested", consistently personified the divine authority of Rome's highest offices, internal organization and external relations. | question-424_11_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Emma | To the Romans who was the most powerful of the gods? |
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"t... | context-424_11_2.mp3 | context-424_11.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | During the archaic and early Republican eras, he shared his temple, some aspects of cult and several divine characteristics with Mars and Quirinus, who were later replaced by Juno and Minerva. | During the archaic and early Republican eras, he shared his temple, some aspects of cult and several divine characteristics with Mars and Quirinus, who were later replaced by Juno and Minerva. | question-424_11_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Olivia | What gods did Juno and Minerva replace in Roman religious practice? |
5731a3b00fdd8d15006c641a | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | Several versions of a semi-official, structured pantheon were developed during the political, social and religious instability of the Late Republican era. Jupiter, the most powerful of all gods and "the fount of the auspices upon which the relationship of the city with the gods rested", consistently personified the div... | From where does the practice of linking various gods into grouping come? | {
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"te... | context-424_11_5.mp3 | context-424_11.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | These later Roman pantheistic hierarchies are part literary and mythographic, part philosophical creations, and often Greek in origin. | These later Roman pantheistic hierarchies are part literary and mythographic, part philosophical creations, and often Greek in origin. | question-424_11_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Ivy | From where does the practice of linking various gods into grouping come? |
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5731a5bfe99e3014001e61a4 | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | The impressive, costly, and centralised rites to the deities of the Roman state were vastly outnumbered in everyday life by commonplace religious observances pertaining to an individual's domestic and personal deities, the patron divinities of Rome's various neighborhoods and communities, and the often idiosyncratic bl... | What type of religious practices outnumbered the state observances? | {
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5731a5bfe99e3014001e61a5 | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | The impressive, costly, and centralised rites to the deities of the Roman state were vastly outnumbered in everyday life by commonplace religious observances pertaining to an individual's domestic and personal deities, the patron divinities of Rome's various neighborhoods and communities, and the often idiosyncratic bl... | To what did the mixture of official and individual religious practices pertain? | {
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"lawful Roman... | context-424_12_0.mp3 | context-424_12.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | The impressive, costly, and centralised rites to the deities of the Roman state were vastly outnumbered in everyday life by commonplace religious observances pertaining to an individual's domestic and personal deities, the patron divinities of Rome's various neighborhoods and communities, and the often idiosyncratic bl... | The impressive, costly, and centralised rites to the deities of the Roman state were vastly outnumbered in everyday life by commonplace religious observances pertaining to an individual's domestic and personal deities, the patron divinities of Rome's various neighborhoods and communities, and the often idiosyncratic bl... | question-424_12_1.mp3 | 22,050 | Matthew | To what did the mixture of official and individual religious practices pertain? |
5731a5bfe99e3014001e61a6 | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | The impressive, costly, and centralised rites to the deities of the Roman state were vastly outnumbered in everyday life by commonplace religious observances pertaining to an individual's domestic and personal deities, the patron divinities of Rome's various neighborhoods and communities, and the often idiosyncratic bl... | What were the characteristics of state religious observances? | {
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"impressive, costly... | context-424_12_0.mp3 | context-424_12.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | The impressive, costly, and centralised rites to the deities of the Roman state were vastly outnumbered in everyday life by commonplace religious observances pertaining to an individual's domestic and personal deities, the patron divinities of Rome's various neighborhoods and communities, and the often idiosyncratic bl... | The impressive, costly, and centralised rites to the deities of the Roman state were vastly outnumbered in everyday life by commonplace religious observances pertaining to an individual's domestic and personal deities, the patron divinities of Rome's various neighborhoods and communities, and the often idiosyncratic bl... | question-424_12_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Kimberly | What were the characteristics of state religious observances? |
5731a5bfe99e3014001e61a7 | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | The impressive, costly, and centralised rites to the deities of the Roman state were vastly outnumbered in everyday life by commonplace religious observances pertaining to an individual's domestic and personal deities, the patron divinities of Rome's various neighborhoods and communities, and the often idiosyncratic bl... | Who made the choices of personal religious practices in Rome? | {
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5731a5bfe99e3014001e61a8 | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | The impressive, costly, and centralised rites to the deities of the Roman state were vastly outnumbered in everyday life by commonplace religious observances pertaining to an individual's domestic and personal deities, the patron divinities of Rome's various neighborhoods and communities, and the often idiosyncratic bl... | What type of deities did Roman communities have? | {
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... | context-424_12_0.mp3 | context-424_12.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | The impressive, costly, and centralised rites to the deities of the Roman state were vastly outnumbered in everyday life by commonplace religious observances pertaining to an individual's domestic and personal deities, the patron divinities of Rome's various neighborhoods and communities, and the often idiosyncratic bl... | The impressive, costly, and centralised rites to the deities of the Roman state were vastly outnumbered in everyday life by commonplace religious observances pertaining to an individual's domestic and personal deities, the patron divinities of Rome's various neighborhoods and communities, and the often idiosyncratic bl... | question-424_12_4.mp3 | 22,050 | Olivia | What type of deities did Roman communities have? |
5731a76fe17f3d14004222c3 | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | Roman calendars show roughly forty annual religious festivals. Some lasted several days, others a single day or less: sacred days (dies fasti) outnumbered "non-sacred" days (dies nefasti). A comparison of surviving Roman religious calendars suggests that official festivals were organized according to broad seasonal gro... | How many religious celebrations did Rome have? | {
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5731a76fe17f3d14004222c4 | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | Roman calendars show roughly forty annual religious festivals. Some lasted several days, others a single day or less: sacred days (dies fasti) outnumbered "non-sacred" days (dies nefasti). A comparison of surviving Roman religious calendars suggests that official festivals were organized according to broad seasonal gro... | What type of day were there more of in Rome? | {
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"te... | context-424_13_1.mp3 | context-424_13.mp3 | 22,050 | Emma | Some lasted several days, others a single day or less: sacred days (dies fasti) outnumbered "non-sacred" days (dies nefasti). | Some lasted several days, others a single day or less: sacred days (dies fasti) outnumbered "non-sacred" days (dies nefasti). | question-424_13_1.mp3 | 22,050 | Olivia | What type of day were there more of in Rome? |
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