Split (1)

test · 3.61k rows

interaction_id stringlengths 6 9	query stringlengths 26 101	query_time stringclasses 1 value	answer listlengths 1 23	alt_ans listlengths 0 0	domain stringclasses 1 value	question_type stringclasses 1 value	static_or_dynamic stringclasses 1 value	search_results listlengths 0 0	retrieved_chunks listlengths 50 50
test_3300	when did the black death end in england?	n/a	[ "December 1349" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17632332", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nthat point outbreaks became fewer and more manageable, due largely to conscious efforts by central and local governments from the late 15th century onward to curtail the disease. By the 17th century the Second Pandemic was over. One of its last occurrences in England was the famous Great Plague of London in 1665–66. Black Death in England The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic, which reached England in June 1348. It was the first and most severe manifestation of the Second Pandemic, caused by \"\"Yersinia pestis\"\" bacteria. The term \"\"Black Death\"\" was not used until the late 17th century.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17632284", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nBlack Death in England The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic, which reached England in June 1348. It was the first and most severe manifestation of the Second Pandemic, caused by \"\"Yersinia pestis\"\" bacteria. The term \"\"Black Death\"\" was not used until the late 17th century. Originating in China, it spread west along the trade routes across Europe and arrived on the British Isles from the English province of Gascony. The plague seems to have been spread by flea-infected rats, as well as individuals who had been infected on the continent. Rats were the reservoir hosts of the \"\"Y.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19851822", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nand spreads less rapidly. The Black Death in England had survived the winter of 1348–49, but during the following winter it gave in, and by December 1349 conditions were returning to relative normalcy. It had taken the disease approximately 500 days to traverse the entire country. Various methods were used including sweating, bloodletting, forced vomiting, and urinating to treat patients infected with the plague. Several symptoms of the illness included blotches, hardening of the glands under the groin and underarms, and dementia. Within the initial phase of the disease, bloodletting was performed on the same side of where the physical", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17632287", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nthe plague returned to England, this time causing the death of around 20 percent of the population. After this the plague continued to return intermittently throughout the 14th and 15th centuries, in local or national outbreaks. From this point on its effect became less severe, and one of the last outbreaks of the plague in England was the Great Plague of London in 1665–66. It is impossible to establish with any certainty the exact number of inhabitants in England at the eve of the Black Death, and estimates range from 3 to 7 million. The number is probably in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2525274", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death\"\nmuch as 10–15% of the population, while the death rate of the plague of 1479–1480 could have been as high as 20%. The most general outbreaks in Tudor and Stuart England seem to have begun in 1498, 1535, 1543, 1563, 1589, 1603, 1625, and 1636, and ended with the Great Plague of London in 1665. In 1466, perhaps 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the plague was present in Paris around 30 per cent of the time. The Black Death ravaged Europe for three years before it continued on into Russia, where", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10454464", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death\"\nalone lost almost a million people to the plague in the epidemic of 1628–31.\"\" In England, in the absence of census figures, historians propose a range of pre-incident population figures from as high as 7 million to as low as 4 million in 1300, and a post-incident population figure as low as 2 million. By the end of 1350, the Black Death subsided, but it never really died out in England. Over the next few hundred years, further outbreaks occurred in 1361–1362, 1369, 1379–1383, 1389–1393, and throughout the first half of the 15th century. An outbreak in 1471 took as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17632285", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\npestis\"\" bacteria and the Oriental rat flea was the primary vector. The first known case in England was a seaman who arrived at Weymouth, Dorset, from Gascony in June 1348. By autumn, the plague had reached London, and by summer 1349 it covered the entire country, before dying down by December. Low estimates of mortality in the early twentieth century have been revised upwards due to re-examination of data and new information, and a figure of 40–60 percent of the population is widely accepted. The English government handled the crisis well, and the country did not experience the extreme reactions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19851844", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nproficient in French dwindled, contributing to the late 14th century flowering of English literature, represented by writers such as Geoffrey Chaucer and John Gower. The Black Death was the first occurrence of the Second Pandemic, which continued to strike England and the rest of Europe more or less regularly until the 18th century. The first serious recurrence in England came in the years 1361−62. Little is known about the death rates caused by these later outbreaks, but the so-called \"\"pestis secunda\"\" may have had a mortality of around 20 percent. This epidemic was also particularly devastating for the population's ability", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17632286", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nthat were seen elsewhere in Europe. The most immediate consequence was a halt to the campaigns of the Hundred Years' War. In the long term, the decrease in population caused a shortage of labour, with subsequent rise in wages, resisted by the landowners, which caused deep resentment among the lower classes. The Peasants' Revolt of 1381 was largely a result of this resentment, and even though the rebellion was suppressed, in the long term serfdom was ended in England. The Black Death also affected artistic and cultural efforts, and may have helped advance the use of the vernacular. In 1361–62", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20197145", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nto be struck was Bristol. The disease reached London in the autumn of 1348, before most of the surrounding countryside. This had certainly happened by November, though according to some accounts as early as 29 September. Arrival in London happened by three principal roads: overland from Weymouth through Salisbury and Winchester overland from Gloucester, and along the coast by ship. The full effect of the plague was felt in the capital early the next year. Conditions in London were ideal for the plague: the streets were narrow and flowing with sewage, and houses were overcrowded and poorly ventilated. By March", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19851845", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nto recover, since it disproportionately affected infants and young men. This was also the case with the next occurrence, in 1369, where the death rate was around 10−15 percent. Over the following decades the plague would return on a national or a regional level at intervals of five to 12 years, with gradually dwindling death tolls. Then, in the decades from 1430 to 1480, the disease returned in force. An outbreak in 1471 took as much as 10–15 percent of the population, while the death rate of the plague of 1479–80 could have been as high as 20 percent. From", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20197143", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nseries of natural occurrences likely brought humans into contact with the infected rodents. The epidemic reached Constantinople in the late spring of 1347, through Genoese merchants trading in the Black Sea. From here it reached Sicily in October that same year, and by early 1348 it had spread over the entire Italian mainland. It spread rapidly through France, and had reached as far north as Paris by June 1348. Moving simultaneously westward, it arrived in the English province of Gascony around the same time. According to the chronicle of the grey friars at King's Lynn, the plague arrived by ship", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11109915", "chunk_text": "\"Great Plague of London\"\nGreat Plague of London The Great Plague, lasting from 1665–1666, was the last major epidemic of the bubonic plague to occur in England. It happened within the centuries-long time period of the Second Pandemic, an extended period of intermittent bubonic plague epidemics which began in China in 1331, the first year of the Black Death, an outbreak which included other forms such as pneumonic plague, and lasted until 1750. The Great Plague killed an estimated 100,000 people—almost a quarter of London's population—in 18 months. The plague was caused by the \"\"Yersinia pestis\"\" bacterium, which is usually transmitted through the bite", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18018577", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death migration\"\nEgypt. In England, in the absence of census figures, historians propose a range of pre-incident population figures from as high as 7 million to as low as 4 million in 1300, and a post-incident population figure as low as 2 million. By the end of 1350 the Black Death had subsided, but it never really died out in England over the next few hundred years: there were further outbreaks in 1361–62, 1369, 1379–83, 1389–93, and throughout the first half of the 15th century. The plague often killed 10% of a community in less than a year—in the worst epidemics, such", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19851821", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\n1349 the disease was spreading haphazardly across all of southern England. During the first half of 1349 the Black Death spread northwards. A second front opened up when the plague arrived by ship at the Humber, after which it spread both south and north. In May it reached York, and during the summer months of June, July and August, it ravaged the north. Certain northern counties, like Durham and Cumberland, had been the victim of violent incursions from the Scots, and were therefore left particularly vulnerable to the devastations of the plague. Pestilence is less virulent during the winter months,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19851819", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nfrom Gascony to Melcombe in Dorset today normally referred to as Weymouth shortly before the Feast of St. John The Baptist on 24 June 1348. Other sources mention different points of arrival, including Bristol and Southampton. Though the plague might have arrived independently at Bristol at a later point, the \"\"Grey Friars' Chronicle\"\" is considered the most authoritative account. If it is assumed that the chronicle reports the first \"\"outbreak\"\" of the plague, rather than its actual \"\"arrival\"\", then the arrival most likely happened around 8 May. From Weymouth the disease spread rapidly across the south-west. The first major city", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6377913", "chunk_text": "\"England in the Late Middle Ages\"\nthe devastations of the plague. Pestilence is less virulent during the winter months, and spreads less rapidly. The Black Death in England had survived the winter of 1348–49, but during the following winter it ended, and by December 1349 conditions were returning to relative normalcy. It had taken the disease approximately 500 days to traverse the entire country. The Black Death brought a halt to Edward's campaigns by killing between a third to more than half of his subjects. The king passed the Ordinance of Labourers and the Statute of Labourers in response to the shortage of labour and social", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20197161", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nas a plague victim. This, however, is an impossibility. Ockham was living in Munich at the time of his death, on 10 April 1347, two years before the Black Death reached that city. Among the most immediate consequences of the Black Death in England was a shortage of farm labour, and a corresponding rise in wages. The medieval world-view was unable to interpret these changes in terms of socio-economic development, and it became common to blame degrading morals instead. The landowning classes saw the rise in wage levels as a sign of social upheaval and insubordination, and reacted with coercion.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17632322", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nWilliam de Shareshull and Chief Justice William Edington, whose highly competent leadership guided the governance of the nation through the crisis. The plague's greatest effect on the government was probably in the field of war, where no major campaigns were launched in France until 1355. Another notable consequence of the Black Death was the raising of the real wage of England (due to the shortage of labour as a result of the reduction in population), a trait shared across Western Europe, which in general led to a real wage in 1450 that was unmatched in most countries until the 19th", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17632320", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nIn 1349, King Edward III passed the Ordinance of Labourers, fixing wages at pre-plague levels. The ordinance was reinforced by Parliament's passing of the Statute of Labourers in 1351. The labour laws were enforced with ruthless determination over the following decades. These legislative measures proved largely inefficient at regulating the market, but the government's repressive measures to enforce them caused public resentment. These conditions were contributing factors to the Peasants' Revolt in 1381. The revolt started in Kent and Essex in late May, and once the rebels reached London they burnt down John of Gaunt's Savoy Palace, and killed both", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18018578", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death migration\"\nas at Norwich in 1579 and Newcastle in 1636, as many as 30 or 40%. The most general outbreaks in Tudor and Stuart England, all coinciding with years of plague in Germany and the Low Countries, seem to have begun in 1498, 1535, 1543, 1563, 1589, 1603, 1625, and 1636. The plague repeatedly returned to haunt Europe and the Mediterranean throughout the 14th to 18th centuries, and still occurs in isolated cases today. The plague of 1575–77 claimed some 50,000 victims in Venice. In 1634, an outbreak of plague killed 15,000 Munich residents. Late outbreaks in central Europe include the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14402074", "chunk_text": "\"Consequences of the Black Death\"\nConsequences of the Black Death The consequences of the Black Death are the short-term and long-term effects of the Black Death on human populations across the world. They include a series of various biological, social, economic, political and religious upheavals which had profound effects on the course of world history, especially European history. Often referred to as simply \"\"The Plague\"\", the Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, peaking in Eurasia between 1331 and 1350 with an estimated one-third of the continent's population ultimately succumbing to the disease. Historians estimate that it reduced the total", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12154196", "chunk_text": "\"Epidemiology of plague\"\nthe epidemic of 1628–31.\"\" In England, in the absence of census figures, historians propose a range of pre-incident population figures from as high as 7 million to as low as 4 million in 1300, and a postincident population figure as low as 2 million. By the end of 1350, the Black Death subsided, but it never really died out in England. Over the next few hundred years, further outbreaks occurred in 1361–62, 1369, 1379–83, 1389–93, and throughout the first half of the 15th century. An outbreak in 1471 took as much as 10–15% of the population, while the death rate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20389158", "chunk_text": "\"Second plague pandemic\"\nSecond plague pandemic The second plague pandemic is a major series of epidemics of the plague that started with the Black Death, which reached mainland Europe in 1348 and killed up to a half of the population of Eurasia in the next four years. Although it died out in most places, it became epizootic and recurred regularly until the nineteenth century. A series of major plagues occurred in the late 17th century and it recurred in some places until the 19th. After this a new strain of the bacterium appeared as the third pandemic. Plague is caused by the bacterium", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17777700", "chunk_text": "\"Consequences of the Black Death\"\nBlack Death assured its demise throughout much of western and central Europe by 1500. Severe depopulation and migration of the village to cities caused an acute shortage of agricultural labourers. Many villages were abandoned. In England, more than 1300 villages were deserted between 1350 and 1500. Wages of labourers were high, but the rise in nominal wages following the Black Death was swamped by post-Plague inflation, so that real wages fell. Labor was in such a short supply that Lords were forced to give better terms of tenure. This resulted in much lower rents in western Europe. By 1500, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12154197", "chunk_text": "\"Epidemiology of plague\"\nof the plague of 1479–80 could have been as high as 20%. The most general outbreaks in Tudor and Stuart England seem to have begun in 1498, 1535, 1543, 1563, 1589, 1603, 1625, and 1636, and ended with the Great Plague of London in 1665. In 1466, perhaps 40,000 people died of plague in Paris. During the 16th and 17th centuries, plague visited Paris for almost one year out of three. The Black Death ravaged Europe for three years before it continued on into Russia, where the disease hit somewhere once every five or six years from 1350 to 1490.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11014495", "chunk_text": "\"Economics of English towns and trade in the Middle Ages\"\nwas also high during the period, striking at the wealthier as well as the poorer classes. The commencement of war with France in 1337 only added to the economic difficulties. The Great Famine firmly reversed the population growth of the 12th and 13th centuries and left a domestic economy that was \"\"profoundly shaken, but not destroyed\"\". The Black Death epidemic first arrived in England in 1348, re-occurring in waves during 1360-2, 1368-9, 1375 and more sporadically thereafter. The most immediate economic impact of this disaster was the widespread loss of life, between around 27% mortality amongst the upper classes, to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19108713", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of England in the Middle Ages\"\nthe population growth of the 12th and 13th centuries and left a domestic economy that was \"\"profoundly shaken, but not destroyed\"\". The Black Death epidemic first arrived in England in 1348, re-occurring in waves during 1360–62, 1368–69, 1375 and more sporadically thereafter. The most immediate economic impact of this disaster was the widespread loss of life, between around 27% mortality amongst the upper classes, to 40–70% amongst the peasantry. Despite the very high loss of life, few settlements were abandoned during the epidemic itself, but many were badly affected or nearly eliminated altogether. The medieval authorities did their best to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20197160", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nwith any certainty to have died from the Black Death was in France at the time of her infection. Edward III's daughter Joan was residing in Bordeaux on her way to marry Pedro of Castile in the summer of 1348. When the plague broke out in her household she was moved to a small village nearby, but she could not avoid infection, and died there on 2 September. It is possible that the popular religious author Richard Rolle, who died on 30 September 1349, was another victim of the Black Death. The English philosopher William of Ockham has been mentioned", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17632298", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nremain in their possession for over two centuries. The term \"\"Black Death\"\" which refers to the first and most serious outbreak of the Second Pandemic was not used by contemporaries, who preferred such names as the \"\"Great Pestilence\"\" or the \"\"Great Mortality\"\". It was not until the 17th century that the term under which we know the outbreak today became common, probably derived from Scandinavian languages. It is generally agreed today that the disease in question was plague, caused by \"\"Yersinia pestis\"\" bacteria. These bacteria are carried by fleas, which can be transferred to humans through contact with rats. Flea", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10454474", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death\"\n14th-century epidemic as a proper name. However, ' is used to refer to a pestilential fever (') already in the 12th-century \"\"On the Signs and Symptoms of Diseases\"\" () by French physician Gilles de Corbeil. In English, the term was first used in 1755. Writers contemporary with the plague described the event as \"\"great plague\"\" or \"\"great pestilence\"\". Black Death The Black Death, also known as the Great Plague, the Black Plague, or simply the Plague, was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated people in Eurasia and peaking in Europe", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9668747", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death\"\nabout four years consecutively, it was probably closer to 75–80% of the population. In Germany and England ... it was probably closer to 20%. A death rate as high as 60% in Europe has been suggested by Norwegian historian Ole Benedictow: Detailed study of the mortality data available points to two conspicuous features in relation to the mortality caused by the Black Death: namely the extreme level of mortality caused by the Black Death, and the remarkable similarity or consistency of the level of mortality, from Spain in southern Europe to England in north-western Europe. The data is sufficiently widespread", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5416411", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death\"\nin the spring of 1349, where it spread through the country in three epidemics. Surveys of plague pit remains from the Dutch town of Bergen op Zoom showed the \"\"Y. pestis\"\" genotype responsible for the pandemic that spread through the Low Countries from 1350 differed from that found in Britain and France, implying Bergen op Zoom (and possibly other parts of the southern Netherlands) was not directly infected from England or France in 1349 and suggesting a second wave of plague, different from those in Britain and France, may have been carried to the Low Countries from Norway, the Hanseatic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17632289", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nThe main export, and the source of the nation's wealth, was wool. Until the middle of the century the export had consisted primarily of raw wool to cloth makers in Flanders. Gradually though, the technology for cloth making used on the Continent was appropriated by English manufacturers, who started an export of cloths around mid-century that would boom over the following decades. Politically, the kingdom was evolving into a major European power, through the youthful and energetic kingship of Edward III. In 1346, the English had won a decisive battle over the Scots at the Battle of Neville's Cross, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11109967", "chunk_text": "\"Great Plague of London\"\nin Great Britain. The last recorded death from plague came in 1679, and it was removed as a specific category in the Bills of Mortality after 1703. It spread to other towns in East Anglia and the southeast of England but fewer than ten percent of parishes outside London had a higher than average death rate during those years. Urban areas were more affected than rural ones; Norwich, Ipswich, Colchester, Southampton and Winchester were badly affected, while the West of England and areas of the Midlands escaped altogether. The population of England in 1650 was approximately 5.25 million, which declined", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20389173", "chunk_text": "\"Second plague pandemic\"\nepidemics. Second plague pandemic The second plague pandemic is a major series of epidemics of the plague that started with the Black Death, which reached mainland Europe in 1348 and killed up to a half of the population of Eurasia in the next four years. Although it died out in most places, it became epizootic and recurred regularly until the nineteenth century. A series of major plagues occurred in the late 17th century and it recurred in some places until the 19th. After this a new strain of the bacterium appeared as the third pandemic. Plague is caused by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6377912", "chunk_text": "\"England in the Late Middle Ages\"\nsewage, and houses were overcrowded and poorly ventilated. By March 1349 the disease was spreading in a haphazard way across all of southern England. During the first half of 1349 the Black Death spread northwards. A second front opened up when the plague arrived by ship at the Humber, from where it spread both south and north. In May it reached York, and during the summer months of June, July and August, it ravaged the north. Certain northern counties, like Durham and Cumberland, had been the victim of violent incursions from the Scots, and were therefore left particularly vulnerable to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17632313", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nalmost by necessity, put them at a greater risk of infection. Estimates suggest that the death rate of clergy in some parts of the archdiocese could have been as high as 48 percent. This is reflected in the Ordination Register, which shows a massive rise in ordained clergy over the period – some being recruited before the arrival of plague in a clerical recruitment drive, but many once plague had arrived, replacing those who had been killed. The nation's population decreased by a third causing a labour shortage and giving the lower class negotiating power against their overlords. In 1346,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20197142", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nremains exhumed there but also dating the remains to mid-1349. Genotyping showed that it was [at that time] a newly evolved strain, ancestor of all modern strains and proved the Black Death was bubonic plague. Modern medical knowledge suggests that because it was a new strain, the human immune system would have had little or no defence against it, helping to explain the plague's virulence and high death rates. The Black Death seems to have originated in Central Asia, where the \"\"Y. pestis\"\" bacterium is endemic in the rodent population. It is unknown exactly what caused the outbreak, but a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2525261", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death\"\nbubonic plague with other diseases, including typhus, smallpox and respiratory infections. In addition to the bubonic infection, others point to additional septicemic (a type of \"\"blood poisoning\"\") and pneumonic (an airborne plague that attacks the lungs before the rest of the body) forms of the plague, which lengthen the duration of outbreaks throughout the seasons and help account for its high mortality rate and additional recorded symptoms. In 2014, Public Health England announced the results of an examination of 25 bodies exhumed in the Clerkenwell area of London, as well as of wills registered in London during the period, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5416397", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death\"\nweeks later that was the entry point to northern Italy. Towards the end of January, one of the galleys expelled from Italy arrived in Marseille. From Italy, the disease spread northwest across Europe, striking France, Spain, Portugal and England by June 1348, then turned and spread east through Germany and Scandinavia from 1348 to 1350. It was introduced in Norway in 1349 when a ship landed at Askøy, then spread to Bjørgvin (modern Bergen) and Iceland. Finally it spread to northwestern Russia in 1351. The plague was somewhat less common in parts of Europe that had smaller trade relations with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19851816", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nThese types of infection probably both played a significant part in the Black Death, while a third strain was more rare. This is the septicaemic plague, where the flea bite carries the bacteria directly into the blood stream, and death occurs very rapidly. A study reported in 2011 of skeletons exhumed from the Black Death cemetery in East Smithfield London found \"\"Yersinia pestis\"\" DNA. An archaeological dig in the vicinity of Thornton Abbey in Lincolnshire was reported in the science section of The Guardian for November 30, 2016, not only confirming evidence of the \"\"Y. pestis\"\" DNA in the human", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11109938", "chunk_text": "\"Great Plague of London\"\nRepublic were put in place in 29 other ports from May, commencing with Great Yarmouth. The Dutch ambassador objected at the constraint of trade with his country, but England responded that it had been one of the last countries introducing such restrictions. Regulations were enforced quite strictly, so that people or houses where voyagers had come ashore without serving their quarantine were also subjected to 40 days quarantine. Plague was one of the hazards of life in Britain from its dramatic appearance in 1348 with the Black Death. The Bills of Mortality began to be published regularly in 1603, in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5416410", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death\"\nAges\"\". The study also found that there were two previously unknown but related clades (genetic branches) of the \"\"Y. pestis\"\" genome associated with medieval mass graves. These clades (which are thought to be extinct) were found to be ancestral to modern isolates of the modern \"\"Y. pestis\"\" strains \"\"Y. p. orientalis\"\" and \"\"Y. p. medievalis\"\", suggesting the plague may have entered Europe in two waves. Surveys of plague pit remains in France and England indicate the first variant entered Europe through the port of Marseille around November 1347 and spread through France over the next two years, eventually reaching England", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2525233", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death\"\nBlack Death The Black Death, also known as the Great Plague, the Black Plague, or simply the Plague, was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated people in Eurasia and peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1351.<ref name=\"\"ABC/Reuters\"\"></ref> The bacterium \"\"Yersinia pestis\"\", which results in several forms of plague, is believed to have been the cause. The Black Death was the first major European outbreak of the second plague pandemic. The plague created a series of religious, social and economic upheavals, which had profound effects on the course of European history.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6377911", "chunk_text": "\"England in the Late Middle Ages\"\nGascony to Melcombe in Dorsettoday normally referred to as Weymouthshortly before \"\"the Feast of St. John The Baptist\"\" on 24 June 1348. From Weymouth the disease spread rapidly across the south-west. The first major city to be struck was Bristol. London was reached in the autumn of 1348, before most of the surrounding countryside. This had certainly happened by November, though according to some accounts as early as 29 September. The full effect of the plague was felt in the capital early the next year. Conditions in London were ideal for the plague: the streets were narrow and flowing with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6342396", "chunk_text": "\"Consequences of the Black Death\"\na third of property in London was unused due to a severe outbreak in 1348–49. However, for reasons that are still debated, population levels declined after the Black Death's first outbreak until around 1420 and did not begin to rise again until 1470, so the initial Black Death event on its own does not entirely provide a satisfactory explanation to this extended period of decline in prosperity. See Medieval demography for a more complete treatment of this issue and current theories on why improvements in living standards took longer to evolve. The great population loss brought favourable results to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2525275", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death\"\nthe disease was present somewhere in the country 25 times between 1350 and 1490. Plague epidemics ravaged London in 1563, 1593, 1603, 1625, 1636, and 1665, reducing its population by 10 to 30% during those years. Over 10% of Amsterdam's population died in 1623–1625, and again in 1635–1636, 1655, and 1664. Plague occurred in Venice 22 times between 1361 and 1528. The plague of 1576–1577 killed 50,000 in Venice, almost a third of the population. Late outbreaks in central Europe included the Italian Plague of 1629–1631, which is associated with troop movements during the Thirty Years' War, and the Great", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17632288", "chunk_text": "\"Black Death in England\"\nhigher end, and an estimate of around 6 million inhabitants seems likely. Earlier demographic crises − in particular the Great Famine of 1315–1317 − had resulted in great numbers of deaths, but there is no evidence of any significant decrease in the population prior to 1348. England was still a predominantly rural and agrarian society; close to 90 percent of the population lived on the countryside. Of the major cities, London was in a class of its own, with perhaps as many as 70,000 inhabitants. Further down the scale were Norwich, with around 12,000 people, and York with around 10,000.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11109916", "chunk_text": "\"Great Plague of London\"\nof an infected rat flea. The 1665–66 epidemic was on a far smaller scale than the earlier Black Death pandemic; it was remembered afterwards as the \"\"great\"\" plague mainly because it was the last widespread outbreak of bubonic plague in England during the 400-year timespan of the Second Pandemic. As in other European cities of the period, the plague was endemic in 17th century London. The disease periodically erupted into massive epidemics. There were 30,000 deaths due to the plague in 1603, 35,000 in 1625, and 10,000 in 1636, as well as smaller numbers in other years. During the winter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3301	cat in the hat knows a lot about space movie?	n/a	[ "Space is the Place" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10382255", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat from Outer Space\"\nThe Cat from Outer Space The Cat from Outer Space is a 1978 American science fiction comedy film starring Ken Berry, Sandy Duncan, Harry Morgan, Ronnie Schell, Roddy McDowall and McLean Stevenson. Produced by Walt Disney Productions, it was shot at the studio's Golden Oak Ranch and Santa Clarita, California. An unidentified flying object makes an emergency landing on Earth and is taken into custody by the United States government. The occupant of the \"\"flying saucer\"\" turns out to be a strange cat-like alien named Zunar-J-5/9 Doric-4-7. Since the Mother Ship cannot send a rescue party before it leaves the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6332209", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat (film)\"\nThe Cat in the Hat (film) The Cat in the Hat (also known as Dr. Seuss' The Cat in the Hat) is a 2003 American fantasy comedy film directed by Bo Welch in his directorial debut and based on Dr. Seuss’s book of the same name. Starring Mike Myers, Dakota Fanning, Spencer Breslin, Alec Baldwin and Kelly Preston, it is the second feature-length Dr. Seuss adaptation after the 2000 film \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\"\". The idea was originally conceived in 2001 with Tim Allen initially cast as the Cat, but he dropped his role due to work on \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8975355", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat from Outer Space\"\nJake and Frank use a broken-down biplane to rescue Liz and Lucybelle from Olympus's helicopter, which crashes; Olympus, Stallwood and their men survive and are presumably arrested. In the final scene, Jake is allowed to stay on Earth as a representative of an off-world \"\"friendly power\"\", with Jake applying for and being granted United States citizenship. The Cat from Outer Space The Cat from Outer Space is a 1978 American science fiction comedy film starring Ken Berry, Sandy Duncan, Harry Morgan, Ronnie Schell, Roddy McDowall and McLean Stevenson. Produced by Walt Disney Productions, it was shot at the studio's Golden", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18223706", "chunk_text": "\"John R. Ellis\"\n1999, he became the visual effects coordinator for the Unified Film Organization. In 2000, Ellis began working free-lance again from his home studio. He created special effects for the 13-segment television series \"\"William Shatner’s Full Moon Fright Night\"\" for the Science Fiction Channel. He is involved in digital film cleanup and restoration of such films as \"\"8 Mile\"\" and \"\"The Cat in the Hat\"\". In 2009, Ellis was invited to Dayton, Ohio, to attend the National Aviation Hall of Fame's second \"\"Reel Stuff Film Festival of Aviation.\"\" Ellis is currently employed by the Milton Caniff estate to restore to DVDs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4174124", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat (film)\"\n5, 2003, and PC on November 9, 2003, shortly before the film's theatrical release. A version for the Nintendo GameCube was planned to be released, but it was later cancelled. The Cat in the Hat game received mixed reviews (except for the PC version, which received negative reviews). The Cat in the Hat (film) The Cat in the Hat (also known as Dr. Seuss' The Cat in the Hat) is a 2003 American fantasy comedy film directed by Bo Welch in his directorial debut and based on Dr. Seuss’s book of the same name. Starring Mike Myers, Dakota Fanning, Spencer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4174102", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat (film)\"\nLarry Quinn, much to Conrad's dismay and disgruntlement because Larry is constantly on the lookout for any mischief Conrad may be up to as he wants nothing more than to send him away to military school as Conrad has earned the reputation of \"\"hot-headed troublemaker\"\". Once Joan leaves, Sally and Conrad meet an anthropomorphic humanoid talking cat with a red-and-white striped top hat and a large red bow tie named the Cat in the Hat, who persuades them to learn to have fun but the family's fish does not want the Cat around while Joan is away. During his presence,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6332221", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat (film)\"\nfilm one star, stating, \"\"\"\"Cat\"\", another overblown Hollywood raid on Dr. Seuss, has a draw on Mike Myers, who inexplicably plays the Cat by mimicking Bert Lahr in \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\".\"\" Roger Ebert of the \"\"Chicago Sun-Times\"\" gave the film 2 out of 4 stars. Although he praised the production design, he considered the film to be \"\"all effects and stunts and CGI and prosthetics, with no room for lightness and joy\"\". Ebert and co-host Richard Roeper gave the film \"\"Two Thumbs Down\"\". Roeper said of Myers' performance that \"\"Maybe a part of him was realizing as the movie", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13433025", "chunk_text": "\"Cat suit\"\nare also made by the Olympus Group and serve the purpose of having people relate to the brand. Costumes of the feline characters Puss in Boots and Kitty Softpaws were commissioned by DreamWorks to promote the film Puss in Boots and appeared at its premiere alongside the characters' voice actors. Suits of the character The Cat in the Hat are sold to schools and communities by the National Education Association to help teach children literacy, by relating it to the books of Dr. Seuss. The character Hello Kitty is often represented by mascot costumes, although she only bears the appearance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4042592", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat\"\nI'm proudest of because it had something to do with the death of the Dick and Jane primers.\"\" The book was adapted into a 1971 animated television special and a 2003 live-action film. The story begins as a girl named Sally and her brother, who serves as the narrator of the book, sit alone in their house on a cold, rainy day, staring wistfully out the window. Then they hear a loud bump which is quickly followed by the arrival of the Cat in the Hat, a tall anthropomorphic cat in a red and white striped hat and a red", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6332210", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat (film)\"\nSanta Clause 2\"\" and the role was later given to Myers. Filming took place in California for three months. While the basic plot parallels that of the book, the film filled out its 82 minutes by adding new subplots and characters significantly different from the original story similar to \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\"\". Released theatrically on November 21, 2003 in the United States, the film grossed $134 million worldwide against a budget of $109 million, but was panned by critics largely for its family-unfriendly humor and innuendos while the visual aspects were mostly praised. Following the film's release, Seuss'", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5255054", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That!\"\nhas 40 half-hour episodes. PBS Kids renewed it for a second season of 20 episodes which premiered on September 10, 2012. A 20 episode third season is currently in development. Each episode features The Cat in the Hat (voiced by Martin Short), who leads neighbours Nick and Sally, the Fish, and Thing One and Thing Two on a variety of adventures in his \"\"Thinga-ma-jigger\"\", a Seussian contraption that can sprout wings, pontoons, booster rockets, change size, and do just about anything else necessary to further the adventure. The adventures are prompted by a question posed by either Nick or Sally", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14394946", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat (film)\"\nblame. The Cat having overheard this, happily returns to clean up the mess with a great cleaning invention, fixes up the house, says goodbye to the kids and departs just as Joan arrives. Larry returns thinking he has busted the kids, but when Joan sees the clean house and a messy Larry, she does not believe and dumps him. After the successful party, Joan spends quality time with her kids while the Cat along with Thing 1 and Thing 2 walk off into the sunset. DreamWorks Pictures acquired rights to the original book in 1997. However, production did not originally", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1816628", "chunk_text": "\"Dot in Space\"\nDot in Space Dot in Space is a 1994 Australian animated film, featuring \"\"Dot\"\" from \"\"Dot and the Kangaroo\"\" animated television series. Dot decides to rescue Whyka, the Russian space dog, who is circling the earth trapped in a broken down satellite. After making her way into the space lab's complex, Dot trades with the space monkey Buster, then pilots an American rocket and sets a course to rescue Whyka. After the successful rescue, they both end up stranded on an alien planet, where a dictator named Papa Drop rules over people who are perfectly round in shape (called the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7673324", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat\"\nThe Cat in the Hat The Cat in the Hat is a children's book written and illustrated by Theodor Geisel under the pen name Dr. Seuss and first published in 1957. The story centers on a tall anthropomorphic cat, who wears a red and white-striped hat and a red bow tie. The Cat shows up at the house of Sally and her brother one rainy day when their mother is away. Despite the repeated objections of the children's fish, the Cat shows the children a few of his tricks in an attempt to entertain them. In the process he and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17078156", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That!\"\nat the beginning of each episode, which will inevitably lead them around the globe to \"\"make natural science discoveries.\"\" Similar to other PBS Kids series such as \"\"Curious George\"\" and \"\"Sid the Science Kid\"\", \"\"The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That!\"\" focuses on introducing preschoolers to various science and learning concepts. Various DVDs were released by NCircle Entertainment beginning in late October 2010 where every DVD is in region 1, subtitled in English and Spanish, approximately 60 minutes except for a few, in Dolby Digital, in 5.1 surround and Dolby surround stereo in Spanish. Every DVD has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18066212", "chunk_text": "Spaceballs\nSpaceballs Spaceballs is a 1987 American comic science fiction film co-written, produced and directed by Mel Brooks. Starring Brooks, Bill Pullman, John Candy and Rick Moranis, the film also features Daphne Zuniga, Dick Van Patten, and the voice of Joan Rivers. In addition to Brooks in a supporting role, the film also features Brooks regulars Dom DeLuise and Rudy De Luca in cameo appearances. The film's setting and characters parody the original \"\"Star Wars\"\" trilogy, as well as other sci-fi franchises including \"\"Star Trek\"\", \"\"Alien\"\" and the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" films. It was released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer on June 24,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4830828", "chunk_text": "\"Interstellar (film)\"\nInterstellar (film) Interstellar is a 2014 science fiction film directed, co-written, and co-produced by Christopher Nolan. It stars Matthew McConaughey, Anne Hathaway, Jessica Chastain, Bill Irwin, Ellen Burstyn, and Michael Caine. Set in a dystopian future where humanity is struggling to survive, the film follows a group of astronauts who travel through a wormhole in search of a new home for humanity. Brothers Christopher and Jonathan Nolan wrote the screenplay, which had its origins in a script Jonathan developed in 2007. Christopher produced \"\"Interstellar\"\" with his wife, Emma Thomas, through their production company Syncopy, and with Lynda Obst through Lynda", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17078154", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That!\"\nThe Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That! The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That! is a British-Canadian-American Animated television series that premiered on August 7, 2010 on Treehouse TV in Canada, on September 6, 2010 on PBS Kids in the US and also in the UK on CITV and Tiny Pop. The award-winning series is based on Random House's Beginner Books franchise and \"\"The Cat in the Hat's Learning Library\"\", and is developed by Portfolio Entertainment, Random House Children Entertainment and Collingwood O'Hare Productions in conjunction with KQED and CBC Kids. The first season", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4174103", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat (film)\"\nthe Cat leaves a trail of destruction across the house and in the process releases two troublemaking things named Thing 1 and Thing 2 from a crate that he explains is actually a portal to his world. The Cat tells Conrad that he only has one rule: To never open the crate and allows the Things to have fun but they instead make a mess out of the house. Despite the Cat's warning, Conrad picks the lock on the crate anyway resulting in it attaching itself to the collar of the family dog Nevins. The three then drive the Cat's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19691954", "chunk_text": "\"International Space Development Conference\"\nand the Honorable Norman Mineta, Secretary of Transportation. NSS members met and debated aerospace pioneers like Burt Rutan, Elon Musk, and Peter Diamandis, while hearing the latest on the explorations of Saturn, Mars and extrasolar planets. A few of the many highlights: Presenting sponsor Transformational Space brought a new twenty-foot mockup of its new space vehicle, the t/Space CXT. The Spaceward Foundation erected a forty-foot model of its upcoming space elevator competition. IMAX director Mark Cowen wowed the crowd with the inside story of NSS Governor and Academy Award winning actor-producer Tom Hanks' latest IMAX film release, . Apollo 9", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20467137", "chunk_text": "\"The Wizard of Mars\"\nThe Wizard of Mars The Wizard of Mars is a 1965 low budget science fiction film takeoff of L. Frank Baum's \"\"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz\"\" co-written and directed by stage magician David L. Hewitt. The title character is portrayed by John Carradine, who gives a lengthy monologue as a projection near the end of the film. The film centers on four astronauts—Steve (Roger Gentry), \"\"Doc\"\" (Vic McGee), Charlie (Jerry Rannow), and Dorothy (Eve Bernhardt), shown aboard ship wearing Silver Shoes—who dream they are struck by a storm and encounter the \"\"Horrors of the Red Planet\"\" (one of the film's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15693932", "chunk_text": "\"Al Markim\"\nAl Markim Alfred Markim (born Alfred D. Moskowitz; May 22, 1927 – November 24, 2015) was an American film and television actor, best known for his role as Astro in the 1950s live, sci-fi television series, \"\"Tom Corbett, Space Cadet\"\". His lead character, Astro, was an engineer and scientist from Venus on the show. He transitioned to television production during the 1960s and was inducted into the Video Hall of Fame in 1996. Markim was born and raised in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. He served in the United States Army during World War II and was present at the post-war Nuremberg trials.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15693929", "chunk_text": "\"Al Markim\"\nAl Markim Alfred Markim (born Alfred D. Moskowitz; May 22, 1927 – November 24, 2015) was an American film and television actor, best known for his role as Astro in the 1950s live, sci-fi television series, \"\"Tom Corbett, Space Cadet\"\". His lead character, Astro, was an engineer and scientist from Venus on the show. He transitioned to television production during the 1960s and was inducted into the Video Hall of Fame in 1996. Markim was born and raised in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. He served in the United States Army during World War II and was present at the post-war Nuremberg trials.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8692070", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat\"\nbeen adapted for various media, including theater, television, and film. The animated musical TV special premiered in 1971 and starred Allan Sherman as the Cat. In 2003, a live-action film adaptation was released, starring Mike Myers as the Cat. Boxoffice.com reports that the film grossed $133,960,541 worldwide on an estimated $109 million budget. In 2012, following the financial success of \"\"The Lorax\"\", the animated film adaptation of the Dr. Seuss book of the same name, Universal Pictures and Illumination Entertainment announced plans to produce a CGI adaptation of \"\"The Cat in the Hat\"\". Rob Lieber was set to write the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3859847", "chunk_text": "\"Lost in Space (film)\"\nLost in Space (film) Lost in Space is a 1998 American science-fiction adventure film directed by Stephen Hopkins, and starring William Hurt, Matt LeBlanc, and Gary Oldman. The plot is adapted from the 1965–1968 CBS television series \"\"Lost in Space\"\". Several actors from the TV show make cameo appearances. The film focuses on the Robinson family, who undertake a voyage to a nearby star system to begin large-scale emigration from a soon-to-be uninhabitable Earth, but are thrown off course by a saboteur and must try to find their way home. \"\"Lost in Space\"\" met with negative reviews, and grossed $136.2", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7989252", "chunk_text": "\"Everything You Know Is Wrong\"\naddresses him as \"\"Mr. Hamburger\"\"). They lampoon the \"\"happy talk\"\" television news format which came into fashion about this time. Cox leaves his trailer to talk to Wholeflaffer, but leaves the TV on. After a commercial for \"\"Bear Wiz\"\" beer, a quick weather report, and another commercial for \"\"Magog Brothers Atlantis Carpet Reclaimers\"\", who are stuck with a warehouse full of inventory damaged by the recent collision of a comet, cynical reporter Pat Hat (Bergman, a lampoon of Howard Cosell) interviews \"\"daredemon\"\" Reebus Caneebus (Austin), who plans to jump into the deep hole left in the desert by the comet", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20864230", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Cahill (director)\"\nby the work of astronomer Richard Berendzen, in particular, Berendzen's audiobook \"\"Pulp Physics\"\". He is also an admirer of Carl Sagan and Isaac Asimov. He has always admired science. His favorite movie of all time is 2001: A Space Odyssey. \"\"Because that movie, what it presents to you, can’t be articulated in any other form than as a movie,\"\" he said. Mike Cahill (director) Mike Cahill (born July 5, 1979) is an American film director and screenwriter. Mike Cahill was born in New Haven, Connecticut on July 5, 1979. His first forays into filmmaking were with Fisher-Price and VHS camcorders", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8832255", "chunk_text": "\"NCircle Entertainment\"\nNCircle Entertainment NCircle Entertainment is an entertainment content distributor based in Dallas, Texas that specializes in the sales, marketing, and distribution of children and family programming content. NCircle was founded in 2006 and is led by industry veteran Mary Flynn. NCircle has the rights to manage and distribute content from several studios. Current content includes, but is not limited to, the following: ABC Monsters; The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That!; Dino Dan; The Gruffalo, The Gruffalo's Child, and Room on the Broom; Jim Henson's Pajanimals and Sid the Science Kid; The Legend of Zelda, Sonic the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14394959", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat (film)\"\nit as being \"\"attractively designed, energetically performed and, above all, blessedly concise, this adaptation of one of the most popular American kids' books walks the safe side of surrealism with its fur-flying shenanigans. The younger the viewers, the better reactions are bound to be, while grownups will sit in varying states of bemusement\"\". Baldwin addressed complaints the film received because of its dissimilarity to the source material. He expressed a belief that a film is \"\"an idea about something\"\" and that because Dr. Seuss' work is so unique, making a feature-length film out of one of his stories that would", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4174111", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat (film)\"\ncharacter was designed by Steve Johnson. The Cat costume was made of angora and human hair and was fitted with a cooling system. To keep Myers cool during the outdoor shoots, a portable air conditioner was available that connected a hose to the suit between shots. The tail and ears were battery operated. The Fish was considered somewhat of a unique character for Rhythm & Hues (responsible for some of the effects and animation in such films as \"\"Cats & Dogs\"\", \"\"\"\", and \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\"), in that the character had no shoulders, hips or legs, so all of the physical performance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17261305", "chunk_text": "\"Hidden Figures (book)\"\nher mathematical abilities were recognized, Katherine Johnson was allowed into all male meetings at NASA. The book was adapted as a film of the same name, written by Theodore Melfi and Allison Schroeder, and directed by Melfi. It was released on December 25, 2016 to positive reviews from critics, and received a nomination for Best Picture at the 89th Academy Awards. It received numerous other nominations and awards. Taraji P. Henson starred as mathematician Katherine Johnson, and Octavia Spencer played Dorothy Vaughan, an African-American mathematician who worked for NASA in 1949. The movie made 231.3 million USD (United States Dollar).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9453502", "chunk_text": "\"Mercury-Atlas 6\"\nbut their true explanation is not revealed; instead they are depicted as magical protection summoned by Australian Aborigines at the Muchea Tracking Station. The 2016 film \"\"Hidden Figures\"\" features the \"\"Friendship 7\"\" mission in the climax of the movie, focusing on Katherine Johnson's calculations of the landing. On February 20, 2012, to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the flight, Glenn was surprised with the opportunity to speak with the orbiting crew of the International Space Station while Glenn was on-stage with NASA Administrator Charlie Bolden at Ohio State University, where the public affairs school is named in honor of Glenn.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8692072", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat\"\nNovember 2001, but eventually became a staple in regional and school theaters. A ride at Universal Studios' Islands of Adventure park in Orlando, Florida, has a \"\"Cat in the Hat\"\" theme. In 1997, the book was made into a Living Books adaption for the PC and then, there were similar differences to reflect the new media such as Conrad sings his lines at the subtitles of the story as the narrator in the rainy day. The Cat in the Hat The Cat in the Hat is a children's book written and illustrated by Theodor Geisel under the pen name Dr.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5494185", "chunk_text": "\"And a Star to Steer Her By\"\nthe electronics man, Winchell 'Winch' Astrabadi, an Arab 'Moslem' with a New York accent and his cat, Cosmo. During the nine month flight, Garver decides he will open a restaurant catering to the tastes of spacemen, as he isn't ready to retire. The three men get to know each other and enjoy watching Cosmo, who, like most cats, has adapted well to zero-g life. Arriving at Terra, they land at White Sands, New Mexico, with only a minor mechanical incident. Garver departs to open a spaceman-oriented bar and grill, Vanderhoff puts the \"\"Fafnir\"\" up for sale as scrape and Winch", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17868726", "chunk_text": "\"Cat-Women of the Moon\"\nspacesuits, and she promises to return them in the morning. Food and drink are then brought, and private conversations between crew and Cat-Women begin. As the conversations progress (\"\"You're too smart for me, baby. I like 'em stupid\"\") the gun-wielding Kip sits alone, unable to intervene, while the Cat-Women successfully exploit the \"\"weak points\"\" of expedition commander Laird (Sonny Tufts) and the other men. By that evening, the Cat-Women have learned how to pilot the spaceship. Following a modern dance performance by the Cat-Women, Walt (Douglas Fowley) is stabbed to death by Beta. However, the Cat-Woman named Lambda (Susan Morrow)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8832257", "chunk_text": "\"NCircle Entertainment\"\nto Entertainment One. NCircle Entertainment NCircle Entertainment is an entertainment content distributor based in Dallas, Texas that specializes in the sales, marketing, and distribution of children and family programming content. NCircle was founded in 2006 and is led by industry veteran Mary Flynn. NCircle has the rights to manage and distribute content from several studios. Current content includes, but is not limited to, the following: ABC Monsters; The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That!; Dino Dan; The Gruffalo, The Gruffalo's Child, and Room on the Broom; Jim Henson's Pajanimals and Sid the Science Kid; The Legend of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1478314", "chunk_text": "\"Little Orbit the Astrodog and the Screechers from Outer Space\"\nLittle Orbit the Astrodog and the Screechers from Outer Space Little Orbit the Astrodog and the Screechers from Outer Space () is a 1979 French animated science fiction film directed by Jean Image. It is based on the 1972 TV series \"\"Arago X-001\"\". The film is also known in English as Pluk in Cosmos and Pluk in the Space. Pluk, an extraterrestrial robot endowed with extraordinary strength, is stranded on Earth. He befriends the boy genius Niki, his girlfriend Babette and Niki's smart dog Jupiter. They all leave Earth in Niki's spacecraft \"\"l'Arago X-001\"\", searching for Pluk's ship \"\"Le Cosmos\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16594120", "chunk_text": "Spaceballs\nwith the introduction of Barf and Lone Starr. Spaceballs Spaceballs is a 1987 American comic science fiction film co-written, produced and directed by Mel Brooks. Starring Brooks, Bill Pullman, John Candy and Rick Moranis, the film also features Daphne Zuniga, Dick Van Patten, and the voice of Joan Rivers. In addition to Brooks in a supporting role, the film also features Brooks regulars Dom DeLuise and Rudy De Luca in cameo appearances. The film's setting and characters parody the original \"\"Star Wars\"\" trilogy, as well as other sci-fi franchises including \"\"Star Trek\"\", \"\"Alien\"\" and the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" films.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4831325", "chunk_text": "\"Interstellar (film)\"\nMartin called \"\"Interstellar\"\" \"\"the most ambitious and challenging science fiction film since Kubrick's \"\"2001\"\".\"\" \"\"Interstellar\"\" won the Best Visual Effects award at the 87th Academy Awards, with nominations for Best Original Score, Best Production Design, Best Sound Editing, and Best Sound Mixing. Interstellar (film) Interstellar is a 2014 science fiction film directed, co-written, and co-produced by Christopher Nolan. It stars Matthew McConaughey, Anne Hathaway, Jessica Chastain, Bill Irwin, Ellen Burstyn, and Michael Caine. Set in a dystopian future where humanity is struggling to survive, the film follows a group of astronauts who travel through a wormhole in search of a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16642211", "chunk_text": "\"That Darn Katz!\"\na puppet controlled by his pet cat, Katz, the entire time, who is actually part of an alien race of highly intelligent talking space cats that invaded Earth during 3500 BC in ancient Egypt. The space cats' home planet, Thuban 9, began to lose its rotation, and they discovered that only Earth had the correct orientation and magnetic field with which to harness its rotational energy. They built the Great Pyramid of Giza—really an energy transfer antenna—and planned to send Earth's rotational energy to Thuban 9, but became distracted by their reverential treatment by the Egyptians, eventually forgetting their technology", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5785838", "chunk_text": "\"Space and survival\"\ncan hitch a ride on a starship that will either make them extremely wealthy or lead them to their death. In the 2005 John Scalzi novel \"\"Old Man’s War\"\", Earth itself is a backwater and the Colonial Defense Force must fight for the scarce habitable planets left. In the Jack Vance omnibus volume \"\"Dying Earth\"\", a far-future Earth is under a giant red sun that is about to go out forever. The 2014 blockbuster “\"\"Interstellar\"\"” starring Matthew McConaughey and Anne Hathaway follows the plot where a global crop blight and second Dust Bowl are slowly rendering the planet uninhabitable. Professor", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16943679", "chunk_text": "\"Cool Guys Don't Look at Explosions\"\nabout various other clips, including Mark Wahlberg wearing a hat in the film \"\"Shooter\"\". Samberg then yells, \"\"Keyboard solo, J.J. Abrams!\"\" as the camera turns toward J. J. Abrams (director of \"\"Star Trek\"\" and creator of \"\"Lost\"\") playing the keyboard with one hand. They continue to sing as more film clips are displayed. At the end, it shows Samberg and Ferrell walking away from a building that bursts into flames in a large explosion. However, unlike in most films, they cower at the sight of the explosion instead of calmly walking away. Cool Guys Don't Look at Explosions \"\"Cool Guys", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17078157", "chunk_text": "\"The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That!\"\nthe bonus segments from the show. The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That! The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That! is a British-Canadian-American Animated television series that premiered on August 7, 2010 on Treehouse TV in Canada, on September 6, 2010 on PBS Kids in the US and also in the UK on CITV and Tiny Pop. The award-winning series is based on Random House's Beginner Books franchise and \"\"The Cat in the Hat's Learning Library\"\", and is developed by Portfolio Entertainment, Random House Children Entertainment and Collingwood O'Hare Productions in conjunction with KQED", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18491427", "chunk_text": "\"The Science of Interstellar\"\nThe Science of Interstellar The Science of Interstellar is a non-fiction book by American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate Kip Thorne, with a foreword by Christopher Nolan. The book was initially published on November 7, 2014 by W. W. Norton & Company. This is his second full-size book for non-scientists after \"\"Black Holes and Time Warps\"\", released in 1994. \"\"The Science of Interstellar\"\" is a follow-up text for Nolan's 2014 film \"\"Interstellar\"\", starring Matthew McConaughey, Anne Hathaway, and Jessica Chastain. Kip Thorne was the scientific consultant and an executive producer for the movie. In this book he explains the scientific", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8201769", "chunk_text": "\"Jacob Ewaniuk\"\nJacob Ewaniuk Jacob Ewaniuk (born September 1, 2000) is a Canadian teen actor. He is the voice of Nick in the television series The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That and its 2011 Christmas special called \"\"The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About Christmas\"\" Jacob also has a recurring lead role in the cartoon series called Arthur voicing Timmy Tibble and voiced Hockey Math Monitor in the cartoon series Monster Math Squad. He voiced Jasper in \"\"Super Why\"\" and Billy in The Adventures of Chuck and Friends. Jacob voices three characters, Spotty Pig, Twin Pig", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19878952", "chunk_text": "\"Space Mouse\"\nfrom his yard, Space Mouse hands him over to the police. In other tales from this issue, Space Mouse visits a moon of Jupiter named ICHI (in \"\"Terry and the Dream-Makers\"\"), and visits both the planets Venus (in \"\"Beauty Contest!\"\") and Jupiter (in \"\"Flying Saucers!\"\") for the first time. Space Mouse is occasionally spelled \"\"Spacemouse\"\", and Millie is also spelled \"\"Milly\"\" in \"\"Atomic Attack!\"\" (in a later issue, she is referred to as \"\"Molly\"\"). Publication History (list may not be complete) In the 1959 \"\"\"\"Space Mouse\"\"\"\" theatrical short by Universal Studios, a cat named Doc attempts to capture and sell", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14489728", "chunk_text": "\"Race to Space\"\nRace to Space Race to Space is a 2001 American family drama film. The film was shot on location at Cape Canaveral and Cocoa Beach and Edwards AFB in cooperation with NASA and the U.S. Air Force. The film takes place during the 1960s space race between the United States and the Soviet Union. Dr. Wilhelm von Huber (James Woods), a top NASA scientist, relocates to Cape Canaveral with his 12-year-old son, Billy (Alex D. Linz). Their relationship has become strained in the wake of the recent death of Billy's mother, and the ever-widening gap between father and son has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18201165", "chunk_text": "\"Kelly Preston\"\nKelly Preston Kelly Preston (born October 13, 1962) is an American actress and former model. She has appeared in more than sixty television and film productions, most notably including \"\"Mischief\"\", \"\"Twins,\"\" and \"\"Jerry Maguire\"\". She is married to John Travolta, with whom she collaborated on the science fiction film \"\"Battlefield Earth\"\". She also starred in the films \"\"The Cat in the Hat\"\", \"\"Old Dogs\"\", and \"\"Broken Bridges\"\". Kelly Kamalelehua Smith (the middle name \"\"Kamalelehua\"\" means 'garden of lehuas' in Hawaiian - a lehua being a well-known Hawaiian flower) was born in Honolulu, Hawaii. Her mother Linda was an administrator of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11288616", "chunk_text": "\"The Martian (film)\"\nThe Martian (film) The Martian is a 2015 science fiction film directed by Ridley Scott and starring Matt Damon. The screenplay by Drew Goddard is based on Andy Weir's 2011 novel of the same title about an astronaut who is mistakenly presumed dead and left behind on Mars. The film depicts his struggle to survive and others' efforts to rescue him. It also stars Jessica Chastain, Kristen Wiig, Jeff Daniels, Michael Peña, Kate Mara, Sean Bean, Sebastian Stan, Donald Glover, Aksel Hennie, and Chiwetel Ejiofor. The film, produced through 20th Century Fox, is a co-production of the United States and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18116381", "chunk_text": "\"Space Cowboys\"\nSpace Cowboys Space Cowboys is a 2000 American space drama film directed and produced by Clint Eastwood. It stars Eastwood, Tommy Lee Jones, Donald Sutherland, and James Garner as four older \"\"ex-test pilots\"\" who are sent into space to repair an old Soviet satellite. In 1958, two U.S. Air Force pilots and aspiring astronauts, William \"\"Hawk\"\" Hawkins (Tommy Lee Jones) and Frank Corvin (Clint Eastwood), are testing a modified X-plane when Hawk decides to break a height record. The plane stalls and they are forced to eject, narrowly missing a B-50 Superfortress piloted by navigator \"\"Tank\"\" Sullivan (James Garner) as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3302	when do new episodes of ncis los angeles return?	n/a	[ "May 13, 2018", "October 1, 2017" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3975157", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS: Los Angeles\"\ncast as Shay Mosley for the ninth season after Miguel Ferrer's death. On April 18, 2018, CBS renewed the series for a tenth season, which premiered on September 30, 2018. \"\"NCIS: Los Angeles\"\" follows Special Agent G. Callen (Chris O'Donnell), a \"\"legend\"\" assigned to the Office of Special Projects (OSP), a fictitious branch of the Naval Criminal Investigative Service (the real-life NCIS has no offices in Los Angeles). Callen leads an elite team of undercover operatives as they battle enemies both foreign and domestic under the watchful eye of Operational Manager Henrietta \"\"Hetty\"\" Lange (Linda Hunt). The team is composed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16997165", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS (TV series)\"\ncracking the Top 30 in the first two seasons, the third season showed progress, consistently ranking in the top 20, and by its sixth season, it became a top five hit, having remained there since. In 2011, \"\"NCIS\"\" was voted America's favorite television show in an online Harris Poll. The series finished its tenth season as the most-watched television series in the U.S. during the 2012–13 TV season. On April 13, 2018, \"\"NCIS\"\" was renewed for a sixteenth season, that premiered on September 25, 2018. Diona Reasonover joined the main cast in Season 16, following the departures of Duane Henry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3975156", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS: Los Angeles\"\nNCIS: Los Angeles NCIS: Los Angeles is an American action television series combining elements of the military drama and police procedural genres, which premiered on CBS on September 22, 2009, and stars Chris O'Donnell and LL Cool J. The series follows the exploits of the Los Angeles–based Office of Special Projects (OSP), an elite division of the Naval Criminal Investigative Service that specializes in undercover assignments. \"\"NCIS: Los Angeles\"\" is the first spin-off of the successful series \"\"NCIS\"\". On March 23, 2017, CBS renewed the series for a ninth season which premiered on October 1, 2017. Nia Long joined the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1040034", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS (season 15)\"\nwhen Bello's character premieres. In another central casting announcement, \"\"TV Line\"\" reported on October 4, 2017, that founding NCIS actress Pauley Perrette will be leaving the role of \"\"Abby Sciuto\"\" after the conclusion of season fifteen. Perrette's final episode was episode 22, which aired on May 8, 2018. Also, in this episode, Duane Henry (Clayton Reeves) was written off the show. NCIS was renewed for a sixteenth season on April 13, 2018, following a deal with Mark Harmon to return for an additional two years. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Season 15 was praised for its sharp cases and bringing new life into", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14139414", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS (season 15)\"\nNCIS (season 15) The fifteenth season of the American police procedural drama \"\"NCIS\"\" premiered on September 26, 2017, in the same time slot as in the previous seasons, Tuesdays at 8 PM. The season premiere was watched by 17.42 milion viewers, picking up two months after Gibbs and McGee were last seen fighting a group of rebels in Paraguay and focused on the aftermath of those events. The season concluded on May 22, 2018 and contained 24 episodes. \"\"NCIS\"\" revolves around a fictional team of special agents from the Naval Criminal Investigative Service, which conducts criminal investigations involving the U.S.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2386213", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS (franchise)\"\nlater not picked up by CBS. , 696 episodes of the \"\"NCIS\"\" franchise have aired. The main \"\"NCIS\"\" series is the longest-running show of the franchise which began its sixteenth season on September 25, 2018. \"\"NCIS\"\", voted America's favorite Television Series in 2011, finished its tenth season as the most-watched television series in the U.S. during 2012–13 and is broadcast in over 200 territories worldwide. As of the end of the 2014–15 TV season, \"\"NCIS\"\" remains TV's most watched drama series. Spin-off \"\"NCIS: New Orleans\"\" ended its first season as the second most watched drama on CBS, and the fifth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1040036", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS (season 15)\"\nupticks from the previous season. Season 15 of \"\"NCIS\"\" was CBS's most watched and highest rated drama on their network for another year. Whilst being the most watched drama nationally, beating out NBC's megahit \"\"This Is Us\"\" and ABC's \"\"The Good Doctor\"\", it also finished as the sixth most watched television program overall for 2017–2018 season. A DVD and BluRay of the fifteenth season of NCIS was announced for August 21, 2018. NCIS (season 15) The fifteenth season of the American police procedural drama \"\"NCIS\"\" premiered on September 26, 2017, in the same time slot as in the previous seasons,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17368303", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS: New Orleans\"\nseries for a third season, which premiered on September 20, 2016. Show creator and executive producer Gary Glasberg, age 50, died unexpectedly on September 28, 2016. On March 23, 2017, CBS renewed the series for a fourth season, which premiered on September 26, 2017. On April 18, 2018, CBS renewed the series for a fifth season, which premiered on September 25, 2018. Scott Bakula was cast as the series lead on February 2014 with CCH Pounder, Zoe McLellan and Lucas Black joining soon thereafter. Rob Kerkovich joined the cast in July. He was the final original cast member to join", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15933131", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS (season 14)\"\nNCIS (season 14) The fourteenth season of the American police procedural drama \"\"NCIS\"\" premiered on September 20, 2016, in the same time slot as in the previous seasons, Tuesdays at 8 pm. The season concluded on May 16, 2017. \"\"NCIS\"\" revolves around a fictional team of special agents from the Naval Criminal Investigative Service, which conducts criminal investigations involving the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps. The series was renewed for fourteenth and fifteenth seasons by CBS on Monday, February 29, 2016. The series was renewed for fourteenth and fifteenth seasons by CBS on Monday, February 29, 2016. Production on this", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17368305", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS: New Orleans\"\nin season 5. Brad Kern became the series showrunner in January 2016. Within a year he had become the focus of two investigations for inappropriate behavior toward women. On May 17, 2018, it was reported that Kern was exiting his role as executive producer and showrunner, but would remain as consulting producer, with Chris Silber replacing him as showrunner. Kern was placed on suspension in June 2018, when CBS launched a third investigation into claims of harassment, which ultimately led to his firing by CBS in October 2018. In December 2017, TNT acquired the rerun rights to the series. \"\"NCIS:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18611388", "chunk_text": "\"Major Crimes\"\nis an activity that James Duff and Mike Robin and all of us have been engaged in for a long time.\"\" The final season premiered on October 31, 2017, and ended on January 9, 2018, wrapping the series with 105 episodes. Following the departure of Deputy Chief Brenda Leigh Johnson from the Los Angeles Police Department, Captain Sharon Raydor is selected as the new head of its Major Crimes Division. Throughout Season 1, she faces the challenge of earning the trust and loyalty of her officers, who are still in shock over Johnson's exit, while trying to close the department's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17407599", "chunk_text": "\"Criminal Minds (season 14)\"\nCriminal Minds (season 14) The fourteenth season of \"\"Criminal Minds\"\" was ordered on May 12, 2018, by CBS with an order of 15 episodes. The season premiered on October 3, 2018. The season also featured the milestone 300th episode which served as the season premiere. The entire main cast from the previous season returned. \"\"Criminal Minds\"\" was renewed for a fourteenth season with an episode order of 15 episodes on May 12, 2018, with the possibility of more episodes being ordered later in the season. On November 27, 2018, it was reported that CBS had declined to order any more", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14376442", "chunk_text": "\"Criminal Minds\"\nratings hit for CBS, regularly featuring as one of the network's most-watched cable shows throughout its decade-long run. The show's success has spawned a media franchise, with several spinoffs, including a South Korean adaptation and a video game. Following the conclusion of the thirteenth season, CBS renewed the show for a fourteenth season, which premiered on October 3, 2018. Every episode includes one or more quotations that are tangentially connected to the crimes under investigation, recited by a main character. Most often, one quotation is heard after the opening credits, and another at the end of the episode. When the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4324193", "chunk_text": "\"American Chopper\"\nwhere the crews collaborate on a dragon-themed gun. This episode coincides with \"\"American Chopper: Senior vs. Junior\"\" Season 2, Episode 2 \"\"Big Guns\"\". A revival of the series aired in the spring of 2018 on Discovery Channel. According to the series Facebook page, the new season will premiere on May 28, 2018 at 10 p.m. ET/PT on Discovery Channel. A preview of the first episode of season 11 entitled \"\"Welcome Back\"\" aired on March 1, 2018. The episode featured the return of the Teutuls after ten years of their rocky father-son partnership, catching us up to speed with Senior and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14139415", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS (season 15)\"\nNavy and Marine Corps. The series was renewed for fourteenth and fifteenth seasons by CBS on Monday, February 29, 2016. The series was renewed for fourteenth and fifteenth seasons by CBS on Monday, February 29, 2016. It was announced that Jennifer Esposito, who portrayed NCIS agent Alexandra Quinn, had departed and would be replaced by Maria Bello as Agent Jackie Sloane — a new series regular, beginning with episode 15:5. Bello inked a three-year deal to remain with show through until the end of its seventeenth season. Production began in July 2017 with the rest of cast members returning. Showrunners", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15655780", "chunk_text": "\"Criminal Minds (season 13)\"\nCriminal Minds (season 13) The thirteenth season of \"\"Criminal Minds\"\" was ordered on April 7, 2017, by CBS with an order of 22 episodes. The season premiered on September 27, 2017 in a new time slot at 10:00PM on Wednesday when it had previously been at 9:00PM on Wednesday since its inception. The season concluded on April 18, 2018. The entire main cast from the previous season returned for the season, except Damon Gupton (Stephen Walker), who was fired from the show. His character was killed off in the season premiere off-screen. Following the cancellation of \"\"\"\", it was announced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9112104", "chunk_text": "\"The X-Files (season 11)\"\nprevious season, \"\"This new batch of episodes is considerably stronger. Even the ones that don't really do much but spin their wheels do so with feeling, and when the show is great — as it is, yet again, in Darin Morgan's episode — it's downright sublime.\"\" The X-Files (season 11) The eleventh season of the American science fiction television series \"\"The X-Files\"\" premiered on January 3, 2018, on Fox. The season consists of ten episodes and concluded on March 21, 2018. It follows newly re-instated Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15933151", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS: New Orleans (season 3)\"\nNCIS: New Orleans (season 3) The third season of \"\"\"\" premiered on CBS on September 20, 2016 with a time slot change from Tuesdays at 9:00 p.m. to Tuesdays at 10:00 p.m. to make room for new series \"\"Bull\"\". The season contained 24 episodes. This was the last season with Gary Glasberg as the showrunner as he died during production of the season. The season concluded on May 16, 2017. On March 25, 2016, \"\"NCIS: New Orleans\"\" was renewed for a third season, that premiered on September 20, 2016. Zoe McLellan, who plays Agent Brody leaves \"\"for creative reasons\"\" and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18015296", "chunk_text": "\"Basketball Wives\"\nVH1 announced the original series would return after a five-year hiatus with its sixth season premiered on April 17, 2017. Beginning with season six, the setting of the show relocated permanently to Los Angeles, effectively combining the casts of the original series and \"\"Basketball Wives LA\"\". On April 16, 2018, VH1 announced the show's return for a seventh season, which premiered on May 14, 2018. \"\"Basketball Wives\"\" debuted on April 11, 2010, with thirty-minute episodes. The second season premiered on December 12, 2010, with expanded sixty-minute episodes and featured new cast member Tami Roman. Season 3 made its debut on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9112088", "chunk_text": "\"The X-Files (season 11)\"\nThe X-Files (season 11) The eleventh season of the American science fiction television series \"\"The X-Files\"\" premiered on January 3, 2018, on Fox. The season consists of ten episodes and concluded on March 21, 2018. It follows newly re-instated Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson). The season's storyline picks up directly after last season's finale and the search for Mulder and Scully's son William is the main story arc of the season. Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) wakes up in the hospital after having a seizure, now realizing the events of \"\"My", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6156555", "chunk_text": "\"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 19)\"\nan episode titled \"\"Info Wars\"\", inspired by the Charlottesville riots and the website InfoWars. Rhea's character was inspired by InfoWars reporter Millie Weaver. On March 5, 2018, it was revealed that Stephanie March would reprise her role as ADA Alexandra Cabot in an episode titled \"\"Sunk Cost Fallacy\"\" that aired on April 18, 2018. It marked March's first appearance on the show since . <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 19) The nineteenth season of \"\"\"\" premiered on September 27, 2017 and finished on May 23, 2018 with a two-part season finale. Michael S. Chernuchin, who had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4556477", "chunk_text": "\"L.A.'s Finest\"\nThe producers of the series were expected to shop the production to other networks. On May 17, 2018, it was announced that Sony Pictures Television was in preliminary discussions with Charter Communications regarding a deal to pick up the series. By the end of the month, the talks had progressed to the point of serious negotiations. On June 26, 2018, it was announced that Charter Communications had given the production a series order for a first season consisting of thirteen episodes. Alongside the initial series development announcement, it was confirmed that Gabrielle Union would star in the series, reprising her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3980585", "chunk_text": "\"Cameron Monaghan\"\nseventh season began airing in October 2016. The eighth season, consisting of 12 episodes, went into production in May 2017; it premiered on November 5, 2017. The series was renewed for a ninth season which premiered on September 9, 2018. Monaghan announced via Instagram that he would be leaving the series following the sixth episode of the ninth season. In addition to his role on \"\"Shameless\"\", Monaghan has continued to appear in a variety of episodic television roles. In 2011, he guest-starred as Nick Peyton, a teenage boy accused of murdering his Marine father, on the CBS crime series \"\"NCIS\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18346876", "chunk_text": "\"Love & Hip Hop\"\nof \"\"Love & Hip Hop: Hollywood\"\" would premiere on July 17, 2017. On June 19, 2017, the season premiere date was moved to July 24, 2017. On July 3, 2017, three weeks before the season four premiere, VH1 aired \"\"Dirty Little Secrets\"\", a special featuring unseen footage and deleted scenes from the show's first three seasons, along with interviews with the show's cast and producers. On October 2, 2017, VH1 announced that \"\"\"\" would return for an eighth season on October 30, 2017. A behind-the-scenes special, \"\"Dirty Little Secrets\"\", aired on October 17, 2017. On November 16, 2017, VH1 announced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2476249", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS: Los Angeles\"\nM6 in France. In August 2016, Titan Books published \"\"NCIS Los Angeles: Extremis\"\", a novel by Jerome Preisler. Three months later, it was followed by \"\"NCIS Los Angeles: Bolthole\"\", written by Jeff Mariotte. Both books contain original stories featuring the characters from the show. NCIS: Los Angeles NCIS: Los Angeles is an American action television series combining elements of the military drama and police procedural genres, which premiered on CBS on September 22, 2009, and stars Chris O'Donnell and LL Cool J. The series follows the exploits of the Los Angeles–based Office of Special Projects (OSP), an elite division of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4402331", "chunk_text": "\"Summer Newman\"\n\"\"Deadline\"\" reported that King reverted to recurring status with the soap, due to being upgraded to a series regular on \"\"Life in Pieces\"\". King last appeared on December 16, 2016. On May 23, 2018, TVLine announced King's full-time return; her return aired on June 4, 2018. Due to King's commitment to \"\"Life In Pieces\"\", the role was temporarily recast with actress Bayley Corman, expected to air on October 1, 2018 for three consecutive episodes. With the decision to age the character, Summer was described as \"\"fun\"\" and \"\"feisty,\"\" and the \"\"typical\"\" teenager. Bushman said that Summer would definitely be a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17368304", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS: New Orleans\"\nthe series, though Daryl Mitchell and Shalita Grant joined the series as regulars during season 2. Both had recurred previously. In July 2016, Zoe McLellan, who plays Special Agent Meredith Brody, left the series \"\"for creative reasons\"\", and Vanessa Ferlito joined the cast as FBI Special Agent Tammy Gregorio, a series regular. On February 2, 2018, it was announced that Shalita Grant would leave the series in the 17th episode of season 4; she would ultimately depart in the 19th episode. On August 24, 2018, it was announced that Necar Zadegan would join the cast as Special Agent Hannah Khoury", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17407601", "chunk_text": "\"Criminal Minds (season 14)\"\nEmily Prentiss. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Criminal Minds (season 14) The fourteenth season of \"\"Criminal Minds\"\" was ordered on May 12, 2018, by CBS with an order of 15 episodes. The season premiered on October 3, 2018. The season also featured the milestone 300th episode which served as the season premiere. The entire main cast from the previous season returned. \"\"Criminal Minds\"\" was renewed for a fourteenth season with an episode order of 15 episodes on May 12, 2018, with the possibility of more episodes being ordered later in the season. On November 27, 2018, it was reported that CBS had declined to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12510064", "chunk_text": "\"The Last O.G.\"\nproduction replacing FX Productions. On May 17, 2017, it was announced that the series had been titled \"\"The Last O.G.\"\" On July 27, 2017, it was announced that series would premiere on October 24, 2017 with two episodes airing for a full hour. However, on January 11, 2018, it was announced that series would premiere on April 3, 2018. The premiere had been delayed after the departure of series co-creator and showrunner John Carcieri, who left after production on season one had ended. He was replaced by Saladin K. Patterson. Alongside the initial pilot announcement, it was confirmed that Tracy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4655430", "chunk_text": "\"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 19)\"\nLaw & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 19) The nineteenth season of \"\"\"\" premiered on September 27, 2017 and finished on May 23, 2018 with a two-part season finale. Michael S. Chernuchin, who had previously worked on \"\"Law & Order\"\", \"\"\"\", and \"\"Chicago Justice\"\" took over from Rick Eid as showrunner. This is also the first season since in 2010–2011 where another \"\"Law & Order\"\" series—\"\"Law & Order True Crime: The Menendez Murders\"\"—aired alongside \"\"SVU\"\" on NBC. \"\"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\"\" was renewed for a 19th season on May 12, 2017. Chernuchin took over from Eid as showrunner", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18577135", "chunk_text": "\"48 Hours (TV program)\"\non other life-threatening situations, but are recounted in the same manner. \"\"48 Hours: NCIS\"\" utilizes a similar format to the standard, although it instead features real life cases from the Naval Criminal Investigative Service. Rocky Carroll, who plays NCIS director Leon Vance on \"\"NCIS\"\", narrates these episodes, which aired on April 25, May 12, and May 23-June 13, 2017, all of which except for May 12 being on Tuesdays. As of 2018, it is in its second season. The program has received over 20 Emmy Awards, two Peabody Awards (one in 2000 for the report \"\"Heroes Under Fire\"\" and one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3643123", "chunk_text": "\"Strange Angel\"\nthe series' credit being around $7.846 million. On April 19, 2018, it was announced that the series was set to premiere on June 14, 2018. The first season, consisting of ten episodes, was expected to see each episode released weekly on Thursdays. On October 29, 2018, it was announced that CBS All Access had renewed the series for a second season. On December 10, 2018, it was reported that the second season would receive $10.6 million dollars in tax credits from the state of California. On January 5, 2018, it was announced that Jack Reynor had been cast in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9937874", "chunk_text": "\"Returning the Favor\"\n25, 2018, it was announced during the Television Critics Association's annual summer press tour that Facebook had renewed the series for a third season. On November 23, 2018, it was reported that season three would premiere on on November 27, 2018. In November 2017, \"\"Returning the Favor\"\" was one of five shows cited by Got Your 6, an entertainment industry-affiliated veterans organization with a Got Your 6 certification. In recognizing the series, the organization specifically cited the pilot episode, featuring a former Army engineer running a therapeutic motorcycle building program for other veterans, and episode six, which featured a quadruple", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20739520", "chunk_text": "\"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 20)\"\nLaw & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 20) The twentieth season of \"\"\"\" premiered on Thursday, September 27, 2018, at 9PM ET with a two-part premiere episode. The following Thursday, the series started airing new episodes at 10PM ET. This landmark season of \"\"SVU\"\" tied it with both the original \"\"Law & Order\"\" series and \"\"Gunsmoke\"\" as longest-running scripted non-animated U.S. primetime TV series. \"\"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\"\" was renewed for a twentieth season on May 9, 2018. Production started on July 16, 2018. On July 12, 2018, Executive Producer Julie Martin posted a photo of a script", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17498206", "chunk_text": "\"Wynonna Earp (TV series)\"\nfollowed by the announcement that Chantel Riley had been cast in the recurring role of a bounty hunter character named Kate. Bell Media announced on April 24 that musician Jann Arden had joined the cast as Bunny Loblaw, a member of Purgatory's town council. The key art for the season was released on June 5, 2018, along with photos of the cast. Syfy's trailer for the third season was released on June 8, 2018. Space released its trailer on June 15, 2018. The episode titles were released on June 19, 2018. Season 3 premiered on July 20, 2018, on Syfy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18063283", "chunk_text": "\"Code Black (TV series)\"\n25, 2018. On May 24, 2018, CBS cancelled the series after three seasons. The series finale aired on July 18, 2018. The show centers on the fictional Angels Memorial Hospital, where four first-year residents and their colleagues must tend to patients in an understaffed, busy emergency room that lacks sufficient resources. On January 27, 2015, the show's pilot episode was greenlighted by CBS. On June 4, Brett Mahoney was appointed as executive producer for \"\"Code Black\"\". On October 23, 2015, CBS ordered six new scripts for \"\"Code Black\"\". The following month, CBS ordered five additional episodes. CBS renewed the show", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17977326", "chunk_text": "\"Murphy Brown\"\nOn May 16, 2018, it was announced during the CBS upfronts presentation that the revival will now have Murphy anchoring a cable morning show, \"\"Murphy In the Morning\"\", with her old team, lifestyle reporter Corky Sherwood, investigative journalist Frank Fontana, and producer Miles Silverberg, while Murphy's son Avery works as a conservative anchor host for a rival cable morning show that airs opposite his mother's program. On July 9, 2018, it was announced that the series would premiere on September 27, 2018. On September 21, 2018, it was reported that CBS had extended the running time of the premiere episode", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8692558", "chunk_text": "\"Siesta Key (TV series)\"\nbringing the first season to a total of 18 episodes. The episodes premiered on January 15, 2018. On December 17, 2018 It was announced the show would be returning for a second season on January 22, 2019. The series was controversial prior to airing, due to star Alex Kompothecras being a friend of four Florida men who engaged in a viral act of animal cruelty by dragging a live shark behind a boat. Kompothecras was caught on camera shooting a shark, and also had uploaded racist posts to Instagram. Fellow reality tv stars, including \"\"Vanderpump Rules's\"\" Lala Kent and Jayde", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2092524", "chunk_text": "\"Quantico (season 3)\"\nexecutive producer. The third season premiered on April 26, 2018. After the third season renewal announcement, it was reported that Yasmine Al Massri and Pearl Thusi would leave the series, and in June 2017, it was reported that Ellis and Tovey would not return as part of a creative overhaul. However, in August 2017, it was confirmed that Tovey would in fact be returning as a series regular. In late July 2017, Marlee Matlin joined the show as a series regular in the third season. She will play the role of ex-FBI agent, Jocelyn Turner. On November 21, 2017, it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9150306", "chunk_text": "\"The Guest Book\"\nhis habit of writing fake guest book entries while on vacation, wrote all 10 episodes of the first season. The series premiered on TBS on August 3, 2017. On September 13, 2017, TBS renewed the series for a second season, which premiered on October 23, 2018. The intended fifth episode of the series was originally intended to air on August 24, 2017, but was held back as it \"\"contained elements that were deemed too sensitive\"\" at that point in time. At the end of August 2017, Garcia noted on Twitter that the held episode would not be made available \"\"for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10028694", "chunk_text": "\"Ejen Ali\"\nOctober 6 and October 13 respectively. Just like Season 1, It is shown every Friday, at 5:30 p.m. on TV3, Fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth episodes shown on November 17, November 24, December 1 and December 8 respectively. Episode nine to eleven aired from February 9 to February 23, 2018. The twelfth episode was released on March 23, 2018. Thirteenth episode (last episode of Season 2) was released on March 30, making 26 episodes total. These characters are the agents of M.A.T.A (\"\"Meta Advance Tactical Agency\"\"), a secret spy organization that possess advanced technologies and is responsible for keeping the peace", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19169898", "chunk_text": "\"Rainie Cross\"\nand I'm excited to explore the next chapter in Rainie's journey.\"\" It was also revealed that Rainie would return for one episode later in January and would return for a full-time return later in the year. Rainie returned for one episode on 19 January 2018. Rainie returned in the episode broadcast on 24 April 2018. Franks said that after her stint in 2008, many people recognised her in the street and asked if she would return. Scenes showing Phil and Rainie taking the drug crack cocaine in 2010 prompted over 200 complaints from viewers who felt the scenes were inappropriate.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17368300", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS: New Orleans\"\nNCIS: New Orleans NCIS: New Orleans is an American television series combining elements of the military drama and police procedural genres that premiered on Tuesday, September 23, 2014, following its parent series \"\"NCIS\"\". The pilot was written by Gary Glasberg. The series stars Scott Bakula and CCH Pounder, and is executively produced by Glasberg, Mark Harmon, James Hayman and Chris Silber. The series is set and filmed in New Orleans. It is the third series of the \"\"NCIS\"\" franchise. On April 18, 2018, CBS renewed the series for a fifth season. The season premiered on September 25, 2018. \"\"NCIS: New", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7430917", "chunk_text": "\"Mr. Mercedes (TV series)\"\nGlazier, and Tom Patricia. On May 11, 2017, it was announced that the series would premiere on August 9, 2017. On October 10, 2017, the Audience Network renewed the series for a second season consisting of ten episodes. It will be based on the three novels in the Bill Hodges trilogy, \"\"Mr. Mercedes\"\", \"\"Finders Keepers\"\" and \"\"End of Watch\"\". On April 15, 2018, it was announced that the second season would premiere on August 22, 2018. On November 19, 2018, it was announced that Audience had renewed the series for a third season consisting of ten episodes. Alongside the series", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10623150", "chunk_text": "\"Serena Campbell\"\nrole as Bernie during Russell's break; onscreen, Bernie left to be with Serena. On 8 September 2017, Russell confirmed that she would return to filming in October, with Serena's return airing in February 2018. Russell started filming her return scenes during the week commencing 16 October. Serena returns in the twentieth series episode \"\"Not Your Home Now\"\", first broadcast on 7 February 2018. Russell said she is pleased to reprise her role as she feels content that she has completed the things she wanted to do on her break. Serena returns after Hanssen asks her to become the acting CEO", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11523593", "chunk_text": "\"NCIS: New Orleans (season 3)\"\nVanessa Ferlito joins the cast as Special Agent Tammy Gregorio, a series regular. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> NCIS: New Orleans (season 3) The third season of \"\"\"\" premiered on CBS on September 20, 2016 with a time slot change from Tuesdays at 9:00 p.m. to Tuesdays at 10:00 p.m. to make room for new series \"\"Bull\"\". The season contained 24 episodes. This was the last season with Gary Glasberg as the showrunner as he died during production of the season. The season concluded on May 16, 2017. On March 25, 2016, \"\"NCIS: New Orleans\"\" was renewed for a third season, that premiered on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4202695", "chunk_text": "\"Heathers (TV series)\"\nvideo game with teachers holding guns. Ultimately, the edits resulted in the number of episodes being reduced from 10 to 9, with the Paramount Network's dedicated application and website on October 22, 2018. Following the premiere of the final episode on October 29, 2018, a \"\"Heathers\"\"-themed episode of \"\"Lip Sync Battle\"\" was slated to air featured guests including Melanie Field and Brendan Scannell. Following the Pittsburgh synagogue shooting on October 27, 2018, Paramount Network decided to pull episodes seven and eight from their schedule and declined to broadcast them on television. The two episodes had previously been made available on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10524559", "chunk_text": "\"FBI (TV series)\"\nof the mega-producer's previous procedural formulas overly familiar.\"\" Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 57 out of 100 based on 13 critics, indicating \"\"mixed or average reviews\"\". FBI (TV series) FBI is an American drama television series by Dick Wolf that airs on the 2018–19 United States network television schedule on CBS, where it premiered on September 25, 2018. \"\"FBI\"\" received a straight-to-series commission for 13 episodes on September 20, 2017. On October 11, 2018, it was announced that the series had received a full season order from CBS. The origins of the series go back", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12076879", "chunk_text": "\"Hawaii Five-0 (2010 TV series, season 8)\"\nHawaii Five-0 (2010 TV series, season 8) The eighth season of the CBS police procedural drama series \"\"Hawaii Five-0\"\" premiered on September 29, 2017 for the 2017–18 television season. CBS renewed the series for a 23 episode eighth season on March 23, 2017. However, on November 6, 2017 CBS ordered an additional episode for the season and did the same again on February 8, 2018 bringing the count to 25 episodes. The season concluded on May 18, 2018. The eighth season ranked #18 for the 2017-18 television season and had an average of 11 million viewers. The series was also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18611392", "chunk_text": "\"Major Crimes\"\nfifth season, On June 22, 2016, TNT ordered eight additional episodes for season five, bringing the total to 21. On January 18, 2017, the series was renewed for a 13-episode sixth season, clarified in October as the final season, which aired from October 31, 2017, to January 9, 2018. \"\"Major Crimes\"\" received a score of 65/100 and \"\"generally favorable\"\" reviews based on 17 critics at Metacritic. \"\"Newsday\"\"s Verne Gay gave the series a B+ grade, calling it \"\"sharply written, acted and directed\"\", adding \"\"producers now have to turn an (occasional) antagonist into a full-time protagonist. Let the metamorphosis begin.\"\" Robert", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3303	when did the ouija board first come out?	n/a	[ "July 1, 1890" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16619709", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nto refer to any talking board. According to Hasbro, players take turns asking questions and then \"\"wait to see what the planchette spells out\"\" for them. It is recommended for players over the age of 8. Following its commercial introduction by businessman Elijah Bond on July 1, 1890, the ouija board was regarded as a parlor game unrelated to the occult until American spiritualist Pearl Curran popularized its use as a divining tool during World War I. Spiritualists claimed that the dead were able to contact the living and reportedly used a talking board very similar to a modern ouija", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5279445", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nOuija The ouija ( ), also known as a spirit board or talking board, is a flat board marked with the letters of the alphabet, the numbers 0–9, the words \"\"yes\"\", \"\"no\"\", \"\"hello\"\" (occasionally), and \"\"goodbye\"\", along with various symbols and graphics. It uses a small heart-shaped piece of wood or plastic called a planchette. Participants place their fingers on the planchette, and it is moved about the board to spell out words. \"\"Ouija\"\" was formerly a trademark belonging to Parker Brothers, and has subsequently become a trademark of Hasbro, Inc. in the United States, but is often used generically", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7176624", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nBusinessman Elijah Bond had the idea to patent a planchette sold with a board on which the alphabet was printed, much like the previously existing talking boards. The patentees filed on May 28, 1890 for patent protection and thus are credited with the invention of the Ouija board. Issue date on the patent was February 10, 1891. They received . Bond was an attorney and was an inventor of other objects in addition to this device. An employee of Elijah Bond, William Fuld, took over the talking board production. In 1901, Fuld started production of his own boards under the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2244982", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nworks of automatic planchette writing. According to one author, similar methods of mediumistic spirit writing have been practiced in ancient India, Greece, Rome, and medieval Europe. As a part of the spiritualist movement, mediums began to employ various means for communication with the dead. Following the American Civil War in the United States, mediums did significant business in presumably allowing survivors to contact lost relatives. The ouija itself was created and named in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1890, but the use of talking boards was so common by 1886 that news reported the phenomenon taking over the spiritualists' camps in Ohio.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6278487", "chunk_text": "\"Ouija Board, Ouija Board\"\nOuija Board, Ouija Board \"\"Ouija Board, Ouija Board\"\" was a single released by Morrissey in November 1989. The single was poorly received by the music press and the public: its highest chart position was No. 18, making it the first Morrissey single not to reach the British top 10. It appeared along with its B-side \"\"Yes, I Am Blind\"\" on the compilation album \"\"Bona Drag\"\". A shorter edit, omitting a verse, appeared on the 2010 reissue of \"\"Bona Drag\"\". The song is about the protagonist using a Ouija board to contact a dead friend, who tells him to \"\"push off\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14703959", "chunk_text": "\"Jane Roberts\"\nrecalling her dreams, including two that were inarguably precognitive, the first, as far as she knew, that she'd ever had. Their curiosity piqued, the couple decided to investigate further, and she managed to land a contract with a New York publisher for a do-it-yourself book on extra-sensory perception. In late 1963, Roberts and Butts started experimenting with a Ouija board as part of Roberts' research for the book. According to Roberts and Butts, on December 2, 1963 they began to receive coherent messages from a male personality who eventually identified himself as Seth. Soon after, Roberts reported that she was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20722379", "chunk_text": "Ouija\n\"\"Scareway to Heaven\"\" in which a Ouija board results in demon possession. \"\"The Invisible Histories of the Spiral Mountain; or The Hymns of Melchizedek,\"\" an occult novel by Christopher of Detroit, contains several chapter that use the talking board for communication with the protagonist's higher self. \"\"The Uninvited,\"\" made in 1944, features a scene with an impromptu board the characters put together. The 1973 blockbuster film, \"\"The Exorcist\"\", also uses a ouija board to explain why the young girl becomes possessed. \"\"Alison's Birthday\"\" has one too, with its claustrophobia-inducing filming, as do the films \"\"Deadly Messages\"\" and \"\"Awakenings.\"\" The earliest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20546038", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nfrom Fuld's competitors flooded the market, and all these boards enjoyed a heyday from the 1920s. The ouija phenomenon is considered by the scientific community to be the result of the ideomotor response. Michael Faraday first described this effect in 1853, while investigating table-turning. Various studies have been produced, recreating the effects of the ouija board in the lab and showing that, under laboratory conditions, the subjects were moving the planchette involuntarily. A 2012 study found that when answering yes or no questions, ouija use was significantly more accurate than guesswork, suggesting that it might draw on the unconscious mind.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12273865", "chunk_text": "\"William Fuld\"\nheart and William Fuld died at the hospital. After his death, Fuld's children took over the company. Catherine and William A. Fuld ran the company until the youngest brother, Hubert, became president of William Fuld Inc. in 1942. Parker Brothers acquired the company and all of its assets in 1966. William Fuld William Fuld (July 24, 1870–February 24, 1927) was an American businessman, inventor, and entrepreneur from Baltimore, Maryland who is best known for his marketing and manufacture of Ouija boards from the 1890s through the 1920s. Fuld is seen as the father of the Ouija board. Though Fuld never", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18064955", "chunk_text": "\"Elijah Bond\"\nElijah Bond Elijah Jefferson Bond (January 23, 1847 in Bel Air, Maryland - April 14, 1921 in Baltimore, Maryland) was an American lawyer and inventor. Although he invented and patented items, including a steam boiler, he is best remembered for patenting what became known as the ouija board. He filed for a United States patent on May 28, 1890. Charles W. Kennard and William H. A. Maupin were listed as assignees. The patent was granted on February 10, 1891. By 1907 Bond had relocated to West Virginia where he registered a trademark on the word \"\"Nirvana\"\" on June 18, 1907.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9680105", "chunk_text": "\"Seth Material\"\ncreates his or her own reality, a foundational concept of the New Age movement first articulated in the \"\"Seth Material\"\". In late 1963, Jane Roberts and her husband, Robert Butts, experimented with a Ouija board as part of Roberts' research for a book on extra-sensory perception. Roberts and Butts claimed that they began to receive coherent messages from a male personality on December 2, 1963, who later identified himself as Seth. Soon after, Roberts reported that she was hearing the messages in her head. She began to dictate the messages instead of using the Ouija board, and the board was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7176631", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nof Satan. A spokesperson for Human Life International described the boards as a portal to talk to spirits and called for Hasbro to be prohibited from marketing them. Ouija boards have been the source of inspiration for literary works, used as guidance in writing or as a form of channeling literary works. As a result of Ouija boards' becoming popular in the early 20th century, by the 1920s many \"\"psychic\"\" books were written of varying quality often initiated by ouija board use. Aleister Crowley had great admiration for the use of the ouija board and it played a passing role", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2046551", "chunk_text": "\"William Fuld\"\nWilliam Fuld William Fuld (July 24, 1870–February 24, 1927) was an American businessman, inventor, and entrepreneur from Baltimore, Maryland who is best known for his marketing and manufacture of Ouija boards from the 1890s through the 1920s. Fuld is seen as the father of the Ouija board. Though Fuld never claimed to have invented the Ouija board, intense media coverage in the 1920s credited him with it. The misinformation was sustained by his own marketing, and his practice of stamping \"\"Original Ouija Board\"\" and \"\"Inventor\"\" on the back of his boards. By the end of his life he would have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8603496", "chunk_text": "Witchboard\nWitchboard Witchboard is a 1986 American supernatural horror film written and directed by Kevin S. Tenney in his directorial debut, and starring Tawny Kitaen, Stephen Nichols, and Todd Allen. The plot focuses on a female student who, after playing with a friend's Ouija board at a party, unknowingly communicates with an evil spirit that begins to terrorize her. The film had a limited release on December 31, 1986 and received a wide release on March 13, 1987. Although the critical response to the film was largely unfavorable, it has obtained a cult following since its release. Two unrelated sequels, \"\"\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7176621", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nboard at their camps in Ohio in 1886 to ostensibly enable faster communication with spirits. The Catholic Church and other Christian denominations have \"\"warned against using ouija boards\"\", holding that they can lead to demonic possession. Occultists, on the other hand, are divided on the issue, with some saying that it can be a positive transformation; others reiterate the warnings of many Christians and caution \"\"inexperienced users\"\" against it. Paranormal and supernatural beliefs associated with Ouija have been harshly criticized by the scientific community, since they are characterized as pseudoscience. The action of the board can be parsimoniously explained by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1560162", "chunk_text": "\"Ouija: Origin of Evil\"\nOuija: Origin of Evil Ouija: Origin of Evil is a 2016 American supernatural horror film directed and edited by Mike Flanagan and written by Flanagan and Jeff Howard. The film is a prequel to the 2014 film \"\"Ouija\"\" and stars Elizabeth Reaser, Annalise Basso, Lulu Wilson, Parker Mack, and Henry Thomas. The film's plot focuses on a widow and her family adding a Ouija board to their phony seance business where, unbeknownst to them, they invite a spirit that possesses the youngest daughter. The film was released on October 21, 2016, by Universal Pictures, grossing over $81 million. It received", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17364229", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nActivity\"\" (2007) involves a violent entity haunting a couple that becomes more powerful when the Ouija board is used. Another 2007 film, \"\"Ouija\"\", depicted a group of adolescents whose use of the board causes a murderous spirit to follow them, while four years later, \"\"The Ouija Experiment\"\" portrayed a group of friends whose use of the board opens, and fails to close, a portal between the worlds of the living and the dead. The 2014 film \"\"Ouija\"\" featured a group of friends whose use of the board prompted a series of deaths. That film was followed by a 2016 prequel,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1560163", "chunk_text": "\"Ouija: Origin of Evil\"\npositive reviews, with many praising it as a significant improvement over its predecessor. In 1967 Los Angeles, a young widow named Alice Zander works out of her suburban home as a spiritual medium, accompanied by her daughters, 15-year-old Paulina \"\"Lina\"\" and 9-year old Doris. The family is still reeling over the recent death of Roger, Alice's husband and the kids' father. At Lina's suggestion, Alice incorporates a Ouija board into her readings. While trying out the board, she unknowingly contacts a spirit named Marcus that begins to possess Doris. Alice receives a notice that the bank intends to foreclose on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16624435", "chunk_text": "\"Ouija (2014 film)\"\nOuija (2014 film) Ouija is a 2014 American supernatural horror film directed by Stiles White in his directorial debut, produced by Jason Blum, Michael Bay, Andrew Form, Bradley Fuller, and Bennett Schneir and written by Juliet Snowden and White, who previously together wrote \"\"The Possession\"\". It stars Olivia Cooke, Ana Coto, Daren Kagasoff, Douglas Smith, and Bianca A. Santos as teenagers who have unleashed spirits from a Ouija board. The film was released on October 24, 2014 by Universal Pictures. The film was a commercial success, receiving $103.6 million worldwide over a $5 million budget, but was overwhelmingly panned by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20546042", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nwhen using Ouija boards. In a pastoral letter, The Dutch Reformed Churches encouraged its communicants to avoid Ouija boards, as it is a practice \"\"related to the occult\"\". The Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod also forbids its faithful from using Ouija boards as it teaches that such would be a violation of the Ten Commandments. In 2001, Ouija boards were burned in Alamogordo, New Mexico, by fundamentalist groups alongside \"\"Harry Potter\"\" books as \"\"symbols of witchcraft.\"\" Religious criticism has also expressed beliefs that the Ouija board reveals information which should only be in God's hands, and thus it is a tool", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5279448", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nunconscious movements of those controlling the pointer, a psychophysiological phenomenon known as the ideomotor effect. One of the first mentions of the automatic writing method used in the ouija board is found in China around 1100 AD, in historical documents of the Song Dynasty. The method was known as \"\"fuji\"\" \"\"planchette writing\"\". The use of planchette writing as an ostensible means of necromancy and communion with the spirit-world continued, and, albeit under special rituals and supervisions, was a central practice of the Quanzhen School, until it was forbidden by the Qing Dynasty. Several entire scriptures of the Daozang are supposedly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8947043", "chunk_text": "\"Harry Welles Rusk\"\nHarry Welles Rusk Harry Welles Rusk (October 17, 1852 – January 28, 1926) was a U.S. Representative from the third district of Maryland. He was also the president of the Kennard Novelty Company in Baltimore. This was the first company to commercially sell ouija boards in 1890. Rusk was born in Baltimore, Maryland, and attended private school for his primary education. In 1866 Rusk graduated from high school from Baltimore City College. Rusk obtained a law degree from the University of Maryland School of Law in 1872 and was admitted to the bar in 1873. Following his admission to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10934613", "chunk_text": "\"Ouija Board (horse)\"\nOuija Board (horse) Ouija Board (foaled 3 March 2001) is a British Thoroughbred racehorse (named after the ouija board spiritualism device) owned by Edward Stanley, 19th Earl of Derby and trained by Ed Dunlop and Chris Hinson. In a career spanning four seasons, she won 10 of her 22 races, 7 of them Group 1s, including The Oaks in 2004 and the Hong Kong Vase in 2005. In 2004, she won the Breeders' Cup Filly & Mare Turf and came 2nd to Intercontinental the following year in the same race. In 2006, the Dunlop team took her back to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18916725", "chunk_text": "\"Séance\"\nwith an assistant who writes down or otherwise records their words. Spirit boards, also known as talking boards, or ouija boards (after a well-known brand name) are flat tablets, typically made of wood, Masonite, chipboard, or plastic. On the board are a number of symbols, pictures, letters, numbers and/or words. The board is accompanied by a planchette (French for \"\"little board\"\"), which can take the form of a pointer on three legs or magnifying glass on legs; homemade boards may employ a shot glass as a planchette. A most basic Ouija board would contain simply the alphabet of whatever country", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5279462", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nWestern film to hinge its \"\"entire\"\" plot around the (mis)use of a Ouija board, \"\"Witchboard\"\" (1986), makes a nod to \"\"The Exorcist\"\" (where there is a sequence in which a board is used), with a main character called Linda, and her partner quipping \"\"So what you're telling me is ... that I'm living with Linda Blair?\"\" \"\"Witchboard\"\" was so successful it spawned two sequels: \"\"\"\", and \"\"\"\". In the same year as the first of the trilogy, the film \"\"Spookies\"\" also had its own Ouija board scene. \"\"What Lies Beneath\"\" (2000) also includes a séance scene with a board. \"\"Paranormal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15022282", "chunk_text": "Planchette\npartner Elijah Bond on 1 July 1890, automatic-writing planchettes took a secondary role to the suddenly popular Ouija board and the many imitators its success spawned. Though early press articles had dubbed the Ouija the \"\"new planchette,\"\" the patentees were initially quick to differentiate their devices from classic automatic writers by pairing them with paddle-shaped, pencil-less pointers far different in shape from other planchettes of the period. The design changes and focus on the elegantly varnished boards and their clearly stenciled letters arching across their fronts seem to have had the intended effect, and the items were enthusiastically welcomed by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17113797", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nname \"\"Ouija\"\". Charles Kennard (founder of Kennard Novelty Company which manufactured Fuld's talking boards and where Fuld had worked as a varnisher) claimed he learned the name \"\"Ouija\"\" from using the board and that it was an ancient Egyptian word meaning \"\"good luck.\"\" When Fuld took over production of the boards, he popularized the more widely accepted etymology: that the name came from a combination of the French and German words for \"\"yes\"\". The Fuld name became synonymous with the Ouija board, as Fuld reinvented its history, claiming that he himself had invented it. The strange talk about the boards", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8603497", "chunk_text": "Witchboard\nand \"\"\"\", were respectively released in 1993 and 1995. One night at a party, Brandon Sinclair uses his Ouija board with Linda Brewster to contact the spirit of David, who he communicated with numerous times. However, her boyfriend Jim Morar insults David, provoking him to slash the tires of Brandon's car. The next day, Linda uses the board that Brandon accidentally left behind to contact David, who informs her where her lost engagement ring is. At the construction site where Jim works, his friend Lloyd is killed by fallen drywall. When Jim is questioned by Lieutenant Dewhurst at Lloyd's funeral,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20546041", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nnational newspapers at the time lowered the national discourse overall. In the 1970s ouija board users were also described as \"\"cult members\"\" by sociologists, though this was severely scrutinised in the field. Since early in the Ouija board's history, it has been criticized by several Christian denominations. For example, \"\"Catholic Answers\"\", a Roman Catholic Christian apologetics organization, states that \"\"The Ouija board is far from harmless, as it is a form of divination (seeking information from supernatural sources).\"\" Moreover, Catholic Christian bishops in Micronesia called for the boards to be banned and warned congregations that they were talking to demons", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15022281", "chunk_text": "Planchette\nand American newspapers, and by 1868 dozens of booksellers and toy manufacturers were producing the items to meet an insatiable demand on both sides of the Atlantic. Kirby & Co., the undisputed kings of planchette manufacturing, claimed to have sold over 200,000 in their first season alone. Over the years, planchette manufacturers included such established firms as Selchow & Righter, George G. Bussey, Jaques & Son, Chad Valley, and even the great magician and crystal seer Alexander. Following the commercial introduction of the Ouija board by Charles Kennard's Kennard Novelty Company and acquisition of the talking board patent by his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8603523", "chunk_text": "Witchboard\nout of print. On February 4, 2014, Scream Factory, a subsidiary of Shout Factory released the film on Blu-Ray and DVD as a combo pack. The film is exclusively available on iTunes. The film has spawned two sequels, \"\"\"\" (1993) and \"\"\"\" (1995). Witchboard Witchboard is a 1986 American supernatural horror film written and directed by Kevin S. Tenney in his directorial debut, and starring Tawny Kitaen, Stephen Nichols, and Todd Allen. The plot focuses on a female student who, after playing with a friend's Ouija board at a party, unknowingly communicates with an evil spirit that begins to terrorize", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2182781", "chunk_text": "\"Ouija Board (horse)\"\n(2/06/17) 2014 Slipped colt foal by Galileo (IRE) 2015 Barren to Galileo (IRE) 2016 Barren to Galileo (IRE) 2017 2018 To be covered by Dubawi (IRE) Ouija Board (horse) Ouija Board (foaled 3 March 2001) is a British Thoroughbred racehorse (named after the ouija board spiritualism device) owned by Edward Stanley, 19th Earl of Derby and trained by Ed Dunlop and Chris Hinson. In a career spanning four seasons, she won 10 of her 22 races, 7 of them Group 1s, including The Oaks in 2004 and the Hong Kong Vase in 2005. In 2004, she won the Breeders' Cup", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8947045", "chunk_text": "\"Harry Welles Rusk\"\nin 1896, Rusk became chairman of the Democratic State central committee for Baltimore. Rusk served in this capacity from 1898 to 1908. Thereafter, Rusk resumed practicing law in Baltimore. On January 28, 1926, Rusk died in Baltimore and was interred in Green Mount Cemetery. Harry Welles Rusk Harry Welles Rusk (October 17, 1852 – January 28, 1926) was a U.S. Representative from the third district of Maryland. He was also the president of the Kennard Novelty Company in Baltimore. This was the first company to commercially sell ouija boards in 1890. Rusk was born in Baltimore, Maryland, and attended private", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19668508", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nI believe things improve greatly with practice. I think you should keep to one angel, and make the magical preparations more elaborate. Over the years, both became so fascinated by the board that they discussed marketing their own design. Their discourse culminated in a letter, dated February 21, 1919, in which Crowley tells Jones, Re: Ouija Board. I offer you the basis of ten percent of my net profit. You are, if you accept this, responsible for the legal protection of the ideas, and the marketing of the copyright designs. I trust that this may be satisfactory to you. I", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18543990", "chunk_text": "\"Ouija (2014 film)\"\ncharacter, Erin Moriarty's character was removed from the film entirely, and new plot points were added or changed entirely. The most notable of changes included the character of Doris Zander's physical appearance changing from that of a burnt looking girl to a rotting, decomposing girl with stitches in her mouth. Universal released \"\"Ouija\"\" in the United States on October 24, 2014. A tie-in novelization for the film by Katharine Turner was released on September 16, 2014. In North America, the film was released to 2,858 theatres and earned $19,875,995 on its opening weekend (including its $911,000 gross on Thursday preview", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20722378", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nAdventure Series Book 1) by Shelby White centers on a group of friends who unintentionally release evil through their use of a Ouija board, as does \"\"The Harrowing\"\" by Alexandra Sokoloff. In \"\"For What It's Worth\"\" by Janet Tashjian a boy uses a Ouija board to contact the spirits of Janis Joplin, Jimi Hendrix, and Jim Morrison. Issue #79 of \"\"Bart Simpson\"\", a comic book series based on The Simpsons, contains a story called \"\"The Demon\"\" in which Bart and Lisa find a Ouija board and unleash a demon. Issue #10 of \"\"Bart Simpson's Treehouse of horror\"\" contains the story", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1560170", "chunk_text": "\"Ouija: Origin of Evil\"\n2015 with principal photography beginning that same month, which ran to October 21, 2015. Post-production on the film began on October 31, 2015. Universal Pictures used its 1963–90 title, designed by Universal Title and Optical for MCA Inc., to open and promote the film. The Newton Brothers composed the movie, replacing Anton Sanko, who composed the first film. The soundtrack was released by Back Lot Music on October 21, 2016. In April 2015, it was announced that the film would be released on October 21, 2016. \"\"Ouija: Origin of Evil\"\" grossed $35.1 million in North America and $46.6 million in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17364231", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nghost causing Barbra Jean to scream and run up stairs. The electric then goes out and Barbra Jean screams once again. At the end of the episode Barbra Jean asked Reba if they should ask the board if Brock was being a good husband in Vegas and the planchette moved. Reba then jumped across the table into Barbra Jean's arms. The National Geographic show Brain Games Season 5 episode \"\"Paranormal\"\" clearly showed the board did not work when all participants were blindfolded. Ouija The ouija ( ), also known as a spirit board or talking board, is a flat board", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "864950", "chunk_text": "\"Jane Roberts\"\nhearing the messages in her head. The first seven sessions were entirely with the Ouija board. The three-hour session on the evening of Jan. 2, 1964 was the first where she began to dictate the messages instead of using the Ouija board. For a while she still opened her sessions with the board, but finally was able to abandon it after the 27th session on Feb. 19, 1964. Roberts described the process of writing the \"\"Seth\"\" books as entering a trance state. She said Seth would assume control of her body and speak through her, while her husband wrote down", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8603501", "chunk_text": "Witchboard\nbeing pushed out of a window and landing on a car. After the events, Jim and a normalized Linda resume their lives, marrying each other at a church. While cleaning, the home landlady named Mrs. Moses finds the wrecked board, and wonders if it still works. Shortly after the board and the planchette are thrown into a box, the planchette moves to the word \"\"yes\"\" by itself. Tenney was writing the script while a student at the University of Southern California. Inspired to write a horror film based on a Ouija board, he began to research the concept of \"\"progression", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16619715", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nfor the moving tables and Ouija board phenomena seen at seances are examples of a class of phenomena due to what psychologists call a dissociative state. A dissociative state is one in which consciousness is somehow divided or cut off from some aspects of the individual's normal cognitive, motor, or sensory functions. Ouija boards were already criticized by scholars early on, being described in a 1927 journal as vestigial remains' of primitive belief-systems\"\" and a con to part fools from their money. Another 1921 journal described reports of ouija board findings as 'half truths' and suggested that their inclusion in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20148701", "chunk_text": "\"Ouija: Origin of Evil\"\nshe tears up half of the carpet, showing a floor and makes her own Ouija board, using her blood for the letters, and a piece of lens from a pair of circular glasses to make the Ouija Oracle symbol. Lina uses the make-shift Ouija to summon Doris's spirit, which only succeeds in calling forth Marcus in Doris' form. In a post-credits scene, 47 years later, a now elderly and still institutionalized Lina receives a visit from someone claiming to be her niece. Production in Los Angeles commenced in September 2015 and wrapped in October 2015. Although the first film in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20546044", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nin his magical workings. Jane Wolfe, who lived with Crowley at Abbey of Thelema, also used the Ouija board. She credits some of her greatest spiritual communications to use of this implement. Crowley also discussed the Ouija board with another of his students, and the most ardent of them, Frater Achad (Charles Stansfeld Jones): it is frequently mentioned in their unpublished letters. In 1917 Achad experimented with the board as a means of summoning Angels, as opposed to Elementals. In one letter Crowley told Jones: Your Ouija board experiment is rather fun. You see how very satisfactory it is, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3075640", "chunk_text": "\"John Starr Cooke\"\nCarmel highlands, perhaps a continuation of his earlier strong interest in the Bahá'ís. On the evening of August 17, 1962 a spontaneous Ouija board session took place at Carmel. Although the group of people present – Cooke, Bill Eaton, Nadine and Dean - had been meeting regularly to meditate, they had not previously together used the Ouija board. Cooke \"\"just got out a big piece of paper and wrote the alphabet around and used a silver dollar.\"\" John unsuccessfully tried Nadine and Dean as operators of the silver dollar planchette, but as soon as he paired with Bill Eaton \"\"the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2046555", "chunk_text": "\"William Fuld\"\ncompanies whose talking boards infringed on his trademarks or patents. It cannot be said whether or not he actually took himself seriously. However his numerous publicity stunts made the talking board a very successful product for Fuld, claiming in 1920 that the Ouija board had made him more than $1 million in profit. In order to combat the growing competition for other talking board manufacturers, Fuld knew that if he himself made a cheaper version of his own product he would get more business. In 1919, he introduced the \"\"Mystifying Oracle\"\", an exact replica of his Ouija board that sold", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9254256", "chunk_text": "\"Jap Herron\"\n8 1918. Because Clemens and her publishers were unable to disprove that the book was not written by the ghost of Twain, a lawsuit filed to either have Hutchings admit the book is a fraud or surrender all profits to the Mark Twain estate and Harper & Brothers who at the time had sole rights to the Mark Twain stories. While Hutchings never retracted her claims, the lawsuit was eventually dropped when Hutchings agreed to destroy all existing copies and cease publication. Jap Herron Jap Herron: A Novel Written From The Ouija Board was a novel first published in 1917", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2046553", "chunk_text": "\"William Fuld\"\ntaken over as supervisor and the company changed its name to The Ouija Novelty Company and moved into a new location. William Fuld filed for his first talking board patent in the same year. Under the direction of Fuld, the company increased production of Ouija boards to meet the growing demand and thwarted many of Kennard's attempts to manufacture other talking boards. In 1898, William and his brother Isaac went into business together under the name Isaac Fuld & Brother, leasing the \"\"Ouija\"\" name from The Ouija Novelty Company. In addition to talking boards, the brothers also manufactured pool tables", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9254254", "chunk_text": "\"Jap Herron\"\nJap Herron Jap Herron: A Novel Written From The Ouija Board was a novel first published in 1917 claimed to be authored by Mark Twain seven years after his death. The book was transcribed by Emily Grant Hutchings who claimed to have had the novel dictated to her from beyond the grave by the deceased Mark Twain through use of a Ouija board. The novel first rose to fame when \"\"The New York Times\"\" ran a review of the book on September 9, 1917. The work was claimed to be authored by the spirit of late Mark Twain by two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18064956", "chunk_text": "\"Elijah Bond\"\nThe mark incorporated a swastika as its logo and the company which produced these boards was named \"\"The Swastika Novelty Company\"\". Bond died at age 74, and is buried in Baltimore, Maryland's Green Mount Cemetery, beneath a marker that resembles an Ouija board. Elijah Bond Elijah Jefferson Bond (January 23, 1847 in Bel Air, Maryland - April 14, 1921 in Baltimore, Maryland) was an American lawyer and inventor. Although he invented and patented items, including a steam boiler, he is best remembered for patenting what became known as the ouija board. He filed for a United States patent on May", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16624436", "chunk_text": "\"Ouija (2014 film)\"\ncritics. A prequel, \"\",\"\" was released in 2016. Debbie Galardi recalls playing Ouija with her best friend Laine Morris as children. In present day, Debbie throws her Ouija board into the fire, burning it. Debbie implies to Laine that something strange happened with the Ouija board. After Laine leaves, the Ouija board reappears in Debbie's bedroom. Debbie becomes possessed and hangs herself with Christmas lights inside her home. Laine attends Debbie's wake with her boyfriend Trevor, younger sister Sarah, friend Isabelle, and Debbie's boyfriend Pete. The five friends meet at Debbie's house and use her Ouija board to try communicating", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3304	where was the movie the glass castle filmed?	n/a	[ "in Welch, West Virginia", "Welch, West Virginia" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10643247", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Castle\"\nthe movie adaptation. In August 2014, it was announced that Destin Daniel Cretton was set to direct. On October 9, 2015, it was reported that Lawrence withdrew from the film. Lionsgate acquired the film rights from Paramount and Brie Larson was cast as Jeannette Walls. Naomi Watts and Woody Harrelson were cast as Rose Mary and Rex Walls, respectively, with Gil Netter producing. Filming began May 20, 2016 in Welch, West Virginia. The film was released August 11, 2017, to mixed reviews praising the performances while noting the film's overall uneven tone. It holds a 51% rating on RottenTomatoes.com. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1070152", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Castle (film)\"\nof the film, replacing Lawrence who exited the film after a male lead couldn't be found. In November 2015, Woody Harrelson joined the cast of the film. In March 2016, Naomi Watts joined the cast. In April 2016, Max Greenfield and Sarah Snook joined the cast. In May 2016, Ella Anderson joined the cast. Principal photography began on May 20, 2016, in Welch, West Virginia. \"\"The Glass Castle\"\" was released on August 11, 2017, by Lionsgate. \"\"The Glass Castle\"\" grossed $17.3 million in the United States and Canada and $3.9 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $21.7", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12810586", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Castle (film)\"\nThe Glass Castle (film) The Glass Castle is a 2017 American biographical drama film directed by Destin Daniel Cretton and written by Cretton, Andrew Lanham, and Marti Noxon, based on Jeannette Walls' 2005 best selling memoir of the same name. Depicting Walls' real-life childhood spent squatting in homes and living in poverty, the film stars Brie Larson as Walls with Naomi Watts, Woody Harrelson, Max Greenfield, and Sarah Snook in supporting roles. \"\"The Glass Castle\"\" was released on August 11, 2017, by Lionsgate and received mixed reviews from critics, who praised the performances of its cast (particularly Larson and Harrelson)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12899179", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Castle\"\ncopies, had been translated into 22 languages, and received the Christopher Award, the American Library Association's Alex Award (2006) and the \"\"Books for Better Living Award\"\". \"\"The Glass Castle\"\" was adapted as a feature film, released in the summer of 2017. Jeannette Walls is the second oldest of four children. Her father, Rex, is an alcoholic, and her mother, Rose Mary, a painter and teacher. When Jeannette is seven, the family moves to Battle Mountain, Nevada where they enjoy stability for the first time as Rex works for a mining company and the family lives in a converted railway station.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12810587", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Castle (film)\"\nbut criticized the mishandled tones and adaptation. The film grossed $21.8 million at the box office. The film portrays the unconventional, poverty-stricken upbringing Walls and her siblings had at the hands of their deeply dysfunctional parents. In April 2012, it was revealed that Lionsgate acquired the rights to the book and Jennifer Lawrence was in talks to star in the film. In October 2013, it was revealed that Destin Daniel Cretton was in talks to direct the film and re-write the screenplay with Andrew Lanham from a previous draft by Marti Noxon. In October 2015, Brie Larson joined the cast", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12899182", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Castle\"\nHe ties himself to a bed for a week to overcome his addiction to alcohol, then decides to take the family on a trip to the desert. When their car breaks down in the desert, a woman who picks them up and takes them to the city refers to them as \"\"poor\"\", causing Rex to relapse. Rose Mary decides that since they have no money it is time to move again, and she takes the family to their paternal grandparents's in Welch, West Virginia. In Welch the children meet their paternal grandparents and uncle for the first time. They are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12570159", "chunk_text": "\"Heart of Glass (film)\"\nmost of their dialogue, memorised during hypnosis. However, many of the hypnotised actors' gestures and movements occurred spontaneously during filming. The majority of the film was shot in Bavaria, just a few miles from where Herzog was raised in the remote village of Sachrang (nestled in the Chiemgau Alps), and also at a nearby village in Switzerland. Other brief shots of landscape scenes were filmed in various locations around the world that Herzog scouted out, including Yellowstone National Park. The conclusion of the film was shot on the Skellig Islands. Herzog, along with other members of the crew, has a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "234145", "chunk_text": "\"Glass (2019 film)\"\nof rehearsals. Shyamalan planned for a 39-day shoot in this period. On October 31, 2017 it was reported that Shyamalan was filming at the Allentown State Hospital for the film and would be filming there for a few weeks. On December 12, Shyamalan revealed that 4 scenes are being planned to be shot in January 2018, stating he'd have to travel for those. On February 16, 2018, a scene was filmed at Bryn Mawr College in the athletic center. On July 12, 2018, the first official photographs from production were released, including shots of Samuel L. Jackson, Sarah Paulson, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10915074", "chunk_text": "\"The Castle (1997 Australian film)\"\nto acquisitions only by the Commonwealth, not by the States, and the latter are more likely to compulsorily acquire property. Similarly, in contrast to Kerrigan's idea that the value he places on his own home cannot be bought, the law regularly places a monetary value on intangible human values. According to Santo Cilauro, the film took five weeks from original inception to final cut. The movie was written in two weeks, shot in ten days and taken to rough cut in two weeks. \"\"The Castle\"\" was filmed mostly in Melbourne, Victoria. The external shots of the Kerrigan household were shot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14352578", "chunk_text": "\"Rose Red (miniseries)\"\nHaunting of Hill House\"\", the script continued to borrow heavily from Shirley Jackson's novel. The team of researchers strongly resembles that assembled in Jackson's novel, and the rain of rocks is identical to one described in Jackson's story. Pre-production began in July 2000. After a five-month search for a shooting location, the producers discovered Thornewood Castle in Lakewood, Washington, and secured permission to use the mansion as the façade of Rose Red. King subsequently rewrote elements of script and set the action in Seattle, Washington, to accommodate the change. The production paid $500,000 to have many of the rooms on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12899178", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Castle\"\nThe Glass Castle The Glass Castle is a 2005 memoir by Jeannette Walls. The book recounts the unconventional, poverty-stricken upbringing Walls and her siblings had at the hands of their deeply dysfunctional parents. The title refers to her father’s long held intention of building his dream house, a glass castle. The memoir spent over 260 weeks in hardcover on \"\"The New York Times\"\" Best Seller list and it remains on the list (now in paperback form) as of the list dated June 3, 2018, having persisted for 421 weeks. By late 2007, \"\"The Glass Castle\"\" had sold over 2.7 million", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4613273", "chunk_text": "\"Filming of James Bond in the 1970s\"\nand warehouse holds the record for the largest amount of break-away sugar glass used in a single scene. Drax's mansion, set in California, was actually filmed at the Château de Vaux-le-Vicomte, about southeast of Paris, for the exteriors and Grand Salon. The remaining interiors, including some of the scenes with Corinne Defour and the drawing room, were filmed at the Château de Guermantes. Much of the film was shot in the cities of London, Paris, Venice, Palmdale, California, Port St. Lucie, Florida, and Rio de Janeiro. The production team had considered India and Nepal as a location in the film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12810591", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Castle (film)\"\nfor sanitizing books that deserve better. In the case of \"\"The Glass Castle\"\", it's a damn shame.\"\" Richard Roeper of \"\"Chicago Sun-Times\"\" also gave the film two out of four stars and was equally as critical for how the material was presented, writing: \"\"...a film that presents overwhelming evidence of Rex and Rose Mary as appalling human beings for 90 percent of the journey, and then asks us to give them a break? No sale.\"\" The Glass Castle (film) The Glass Castle is a 2017 American biographical drama film directed by Destin Daniel Cretton and written by Cretton, Andrew Lanham,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1764319", "chunk_text": "\"The Three Musketeers (1993 film)\"\nalso sought out by Disney for parts in the film. Winona Ryder was considered for the role of Milady de Winter, but dropped out and Rebecca De Mornay was cast. \"\"The Three Musketeers\"\" was mostly shot in Perchtoldsdorf, Austria, where De Mornay attended high school and college. A rival TriStar version was also in development at the same time as this film, with Depp and director Jeremiah S. Chechik attached. Ultimately, it fell through. Oliver Platt had also been approached to play Porthos in that version as well. Filming locations included Charlestown, Cornwall, UK, and Castle Landsee (Burgenland); Burg Liechtenstein,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14712058", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Wall\"\nroof, where he contemplates jumping. Maggie and Tom reach him and at the sound of Tom's voice Peter collapses onto the roof. All reassure Peter that he is now safe. The film was shot on location in New York City and at the United Nations building (the \"\"glass wall\"\" of the title) on First Avenue at 46th Street in Manhattan. In 2011, film critic Dennis Schwartz liked the film and wrote a positive review, \"\"Columbia's off-beat postwar noir project, whose title is taken from the U.N.'s glass wall, turned out rather well despite a number of awkward moments as it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1120294", "chunk_text": "\"Cinderella (2015 Disney film)\"\nbegan on September 23, 2013. The film was shot at Pinewood Studios in Buckinghamshire, England, where Disney's \"\"\"\" and \"\"Maleficent\"\" were also filmed, and at various other locations including Hampton Court Palace, Blenheim Palace, Windsor Castle, Cliveden, Old Royal Naval College, and Black Park. Although the royal palace is mainly computer-generated, it has been modeled after the Zwinger in Dresden, Germany. Post-production began in December 2013, and was completed in August 2014. The finished film was rated PG for \"\"mild thematic elements\"\" by the Motion Picture Association of America. In the United Kingdom, the film received a U classification for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10915075", "chunk_text": "\"The Castle (1997 Australian film)\"\nat 3 Dagonet St, Strathmore, and airport footage was shot at Essendon Airport and Melbourne Airport. Location shots of Brunswick feature in the film, including Brunswick Town Hall and Rocky Porcino Pharmacy at 720 Sydney Rd (Dennis's office). Melbourne's 200 Queen Street and the Supreme Court of Victoria are featured along with the High Court of Australia in Canberra. Some of the film is set in Bonnie Doon, and a very small portion of it was shot there. The name Kerrigan was chosen for the family so that tow trucks for the film could be borrowed from an existing Melbourne", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16609974", "chunk_text": "\"The Three Musketeers (2013 film)\"\nin Gatchina. Filming took place in the Czech Republic: in Bouzov and Pernštejn castles, in Olomouc and picturesque Kutna Hora cities, and Russia: in Vyborg, Peterhof, including the Grand Palace, and Gatchina – in the big Gatchina palace. The Siege of La Rochelle was shot on the Gulf of Finland Vyborg Vedomosti report. All of the costumes for the main characters were sewn to order from expensive fabrics, hand lace and semiprecious stones. For example, one dress worn by the queen is 78,000 rubles. Costumes for extras take rent – in the Czech Republic, Spain and France. Specially constructed carriage", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5709352", "chunk_text": "\"The Last Castle\"\nPrison in Nashville, which had previously been used for filming in \"\"The Green Mile\"\" and \"\"Last Dance\"\", and was chosen because of its Gothic and castle-like appearance. The state of Tennessee offered to provide the location rent-free, with exemption from the state's 6 percent state sales tax. James Gandolfini earned $5 million for co-starring in the film after finishing the third season of \"\"The Sopranos\"\" in March 2001. A crew of 150 worked on refurbishing existing buildings and constructing new buildings in a time limit of nine weeks. A wall long and high was built, serving as the prison's entrance.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10863763", "chunk_text": "\"We Have Always Lived in the Castle (film)\"\nfilm. Farmiga and Daddario were cast in the main roles of protagonist Merricat Blackwood and her sister Constance Blackwood, respectively. On August 11, 2016, Crispin Glover was cast as Uncle Julian Blackwood, replacing Dafoe in the role. Peter O'Meara joined the cast on August 21, in the supporting role of Sam Clarke. Principal photography began on August 8, 2016 in Bray and Dublin, Republic of Ireland. Farmiga, Stan, and Peter Coonan were spotted on set for the second day of filming in the village of Enniskerry, County Wicklow. Production continued in Dublin, where it concluded on September 9, 2016. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12537047", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Wall\"\nThe Glass Wall The Glass Wall is a 1953 American black-and-white drama film noir directed by Maxwell Shane and starring Vittorio Gassman and Gloria Grahame. The film was produced and distributed by Columbia Pictures. The title refers to the design of the tower of United Nations headquarters in New York. It tied with two other films for the Golden Leopard, the top prize at the Locarno International Film Festival, in 1953. After the end of World War II, Peter Kuban (Vittorio Gassman), a Hungarian displaced person and survivor of the Nazi concentration camps, stows away on a ship bound for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1442052", "chunk_text": "\"Blood of Dracula's Castle\"\nare freed, Mango the hunchback gets shot, hit with an axe and set afire before dying, and the vampires wind up exposed to sunlight and dissolve away into dust. Glen and Liz decide not to live in the castle after all, and drive off together. However, two bats emerge unseen from the ashes and fly away. The End? Ostensibly located in Arizona, the film was actually shot at Shea's Castle, near Lancaster, California. Other portions of the film were shot in the Coachella Valley, California. Jayne Mansfield was originally set to star in the film as Countess Townsend, but she", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6284951", "chunk_text": "\"Moonraker (film)\"\none scene. The Venetian glass museum and fight between Bond and Chang was shot at Boulogne Studios in a building which had once been a World War II Luftwaffe aircraft factory during Germany's occupation of France. The scene in the Venice glass museum and warehouse holds the record for the largest amount of break-away sugar glass used in a single scene. Drax's mansion, set in California, was actually filmed at the Château de Vaux-le-Vicomte, about southeast of Paris, for the exteriors and Grand Salon. The remaining interiors, including some of the scenes with Corinne Defour and the drawing room, were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6235037", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass House (2001 film)\"\nThe Glass House (2001 film) The Glass House is a 2001 American psychological mystery thriller film directed by Daniel Sackheim and written by Wesley Strick. The film stars Leelee Sobieski, Stellan Skarsgård, Diane Lane, Bruce Dern, Kathy Baker, Trevor Morgan and Chris Noth. The film received generally negative reviews and was a box office bomb, grossing only $23 million on a $30 million production budget. The main reason cited for the financial failure of the film was the fact that the film was released 3 days after the September 11 attacks. Sixteen-year-old Ruby Baker (Leelee Sobieski) and her eleven-year-old brother", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5464700", "chunk_text": "\"Casa Loma\"\nand related \"\"Shadowhunters\"\" Exterior shots of the building were used in the Gothic TV Show, Strange Paradise. It is also the filming location of the TV movie \"\"re-imagining,\"\" \"\"\"\", where scenes that take place at Dr. Frank N. Furter's castle and the movie theatre where the audience participation and Ivy Levan's performance of \"\"Science Fiction Double Feature\"\" take place were filmed (a movie theatre marquee was placed at the front entrance of the castle for filming). Casa Loma Casa Loma (Spanish for \"\"Hill House\"\") is a Gothic Revival style mansion and garden in midtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada, that is now", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16001314", "chunk_text": "\"Glass (2019 film)\"\nthe film in the United States and Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures will distribute the film internationally through its Buena Vista International label. The cast will include returning actors from both films: Bruce Willis, Samuel L. Jackson, Spencer Treat Clark, and Charlayne Woodard from \"\"Unbreakable\"\" and James McAvoy and Anya Taylor-Joy from \"\"Split\"\" will all reprise their respective roles in \"\"Glass\"\". Sarah Paulson has also joined the cast as a new character. In November 2017, Adam David Thompson joined the cast in an undisclosed role. Principal photography on the film began on October 2, 2017 in Philadelphia, following a week", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14495508", "chunk_text": "\"Filming of James Bond in the 1990s\"\nEilean Donan Castle to depict the exterior of MI6 temporary operations centre at \"\"Castle Thane\"\". The skiing chase sequence in the Caucasus was shot on the slopes of Chamonix, France. Filming of the scene was delayed by an avalanche, but the crew wasted no time by helping the rescue operation. The interior (and single exterior shot) of L'Or Noir casino in Baku, Azerbaijan, was shot at Halton House, the Officer's Mess of RAF Halton, and RAF Northolt was used to depict the airfield runway in Azerbaijan. Zukovsky's quay-side caviar factory was shot entirely at the outdoor water tank at Pinewood.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4310219", "chunk_text": "\"A Life Less Ordinary\"\nwhispered conference in Al's bar, Robert and Celine walk outside to their wedding. In an epilogue, Gabriel frees O'Reilly and Jackson from a pair of body bags. After Gabriel congratulates them on a successful case, the two angels embrace as they prepare to return home. In a second epilogue (filmed with claymation), Robert and Celine retrieve the suitcase full of money and settle in their new castle in Scotland. Most of the film was shot in Utah, which was chosen for its diverse locations. The scenes at the Naville mansion were filmed in Malibu, California. \"\"A Life Less Ordinary\"\" has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2997167", "chunk_text": "\"Destin Daniel Cretton\"\nrewrite the script for \"\"The Glass Castle\"\", an adaptation of Jeannette Walls’ 2005 bestselling memoir about a successful young woman raised by severely dysfunctional parents. Her world gets turned upside down when they move to New York to be near her. Starring Brie Larson as Walls as an adult, the film also features Woody Harrelson and Naomi Watts as her alcoholic father and eccentric mother, respectively. Larson's role was originally considered by Jennifer Lawrence, but she dropped out while the studio was seeking the male lead. The film was released on August 10, 2017. In 2016, it was announced that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1963607", "chunk_text": "\"Henderson Castle\"\nMoyet, a Master French chef, who has continued the operation of the bed and breakfast since he purchased it in 2011. He has also started a fine French dining restaurant inside the home, as well as a spa, named \"\"Mary Henderson's Spa\"\". Also of interest, the castle was the setting for a science fiction movie filmed in Kalamazoo. Henderson Castle Henderson Castle, built in 1895, is a large privately owned home located on the steep West Main Hill overlooking downtown Kalamazoo, Michigan. The castle has been recently renovated and is under new ownership. The building is open to the public.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6774717", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Castle\"\nEventually Rex loses his job and the children grow hungry. Rose Mary, who has a teaching certificate, gets a job teaching at the local school, but Rex quickly siphons away her paycheck. Even so, the family is happy there until a young boy develops a fixation on Jeannette and attacks her with a BB gun when the children are home alone. Jeannette's older sister Lori retrieves their father's pistol to scare him away but the police are called and when Rex and Rose Mary learn that the children might be taken away from them, they decide to flee to Phoenix,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12384089", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Mountain (film)\"\nfilm shot in Italy, the comedy \"\"Honeymoon Deferred\"\", in 1951. \"\"The Guardian\"\" wrote, \"\"most reference books now deride the film, but at a time when Britain was emerging from the war into a period of grey austerity, The Glass Mountain and movies like it were a popular tonic. Set in the beautiful Dolomite mountains, with graceful performers and a nostalgically slow pace, it was one of the most successful British films to that date. The part of the composer was taken by Denison, with whom (Dulcie) Gray starred on stage and screen so many times that the Denisons became one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10596940", "chunk_text": "\"Castle Hill (Ipswich, Massachusetts)\"\nfeatures Castle Hill. It is the main location at which nearly all scenes were filmed. The beginning scene shows the children walking towards the front of the house after being dropped off by the bus. In reality, the bus stop is at the end of the rolling green, where the lawn ends and the ocean begins. The 2009 movie \"\"Ghosts of Girlfriends Past\"\" was predominantly filmed inside and outside the mansion. Several fake windows, statues, and columns were added to the building, in addition to a circular driveway added to the front. These fiberglass additions have now been removed, along", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12810589", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Castle (film)\"\nmillion. In North America, \"\"The Glass Castle\"\" was released alongside \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\", and was projected to gross around $5 million from 1,461 theaters in its opening weekend. The film made $1.7 million on its first day and $4.7 million over the weekend, finishing 9th at the box office. The film made $2.6 million in its second weekend (a drop of 45.5%), finishing 12th. On review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 50% based on 151 reviews, and an average rating of 6.0/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"\"\"The Glass Castle\"\" has an affecting real-life", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12899187", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Castle\"\nYork City with Jeannette following shortly thereafter. Lori, Jeannette and Brian work for the better part of a year to accumulate money for the move. Shortly before Lori is set to move, Jeannette discovers Rex has stolen their money. Lori is disheartened, but Jeannette gets an offer to babysit for the summer. She asks the couple to hire Lori instead, and to buy her a ticket to New York in payment. Jeannette begins making plans to go to college in New York City, and realizes she can leave a year early and complete 12th grade there. Rose Mary is indifferent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2503198", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass House (1972 film)\"\nThe Glass House (1972 film) The Glass House is a 1972 American made-for-television drama film starring Alan Alda, Vic Morrow and Clu Gulager, directed by Tom Gries. It originally aired on CBS on February 4, 1972. A college professor convicted of manslaughter and a prison guard both start their first day in the same prison. Filming took place at Utah State Prison in Draper, Utah, 20 miles outside of Salt Lake City. Tom Gries won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Limited Series, Movie, or Dramatic Special in 1972 for directing this TV movie. The film also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13299007", "chunk_text": "\"The Bracelet of Bordeaux\"\nbracelet, Helen receives super powers, but must learn to use them wisely and to follow the right cause. The film was shot entirely on location in The Woodlands, Texas, a suburb of Houston, as part of a project by producer Frank Eakin to generate interest in using Houston as a filming location for major motion pictures. In order to build interest in the film, it was promoted as being produced using \"\"The Community Model of Film Making.\"\" Under this business model, parents paid a fee averaging $250 for their children to appear in the film, with the money going towards", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19115946", "chunk_text": "\"Glass Castle\"\nGlass Castle Glass Castle (; also known as City of Glass) is a 2008 South Korean television series that aired on SBS from September 6, 2008, to March 1, 2009, on Saturdays and Sundays at 20:50 for 51 episodes. Yoon So-yi stars as an ambitious and tough reporter whose life and career take a turn after she falls for a charming and persistent suitor (played by Lee Jin-wook), and marries him. But her aspirations of becoming a great reporter are put on hold while she struggles with her new life as the daughter-in-law of a rich, influential but controlling chaebol", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14912446", "chunk_text": "\"Stone Barn Castle\"\nStone Barn Castle Stone Barn Castle is located in Vienna, New York. Designed by Charles William Knight, the castle was completed in 1906. The castle operated as a functional dairy farm, until it went bankrupt during the Great Depression. A fire destroyed much of the castle in 1946. The castle was rediscovered in 1969 by Dr. William Hugel and his family restored the building and opened it to the public. In 2006, the Hugel family sold the castle, and the structure remains as a private residence for actor Adrien Brody, who bought the castle in 2007. Stone Barn Castle is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11285717", "chunk_text": "\"Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children (film)\"\nconfirmed for the second lead role. Terence Stamp, Chris O'Dowd, Rupert Everett, Kim Dickens, and Judi Dench were announced as being in the cast on March 12, 2015. Filming was initially set to begin in August 2014 in London.Principal photography on the film began on February 24, 2015 in the Tampa Bay Area. Filming lasted for two weeks in Hillsborough and Pinellas counties, in the Florida area. It is the second Tim Burton film to be shot in the Tampa Bay area, the first being \"\"Edward Scissorhands\"\", in 1989. Production of the film later moved to Caerhays Castle and Minions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12899189", "chunk_text": "\"The Glass Castle\"\nand Brian try to help their parents, they must eventually ban them from their apartments. The parents become homeless and end up living in abandoned buildings. When Maureen enters her twenties, she moves back in with them. A fight eventually breaks out between Maureen and Rose Mary, and Maureen tries to stab Rose Mary. She is arrested and forced to spend a year in a mental institution. When she is released, she decides to move to California. A few years later, Rex calls Jeannette and tells her that he is dying. He dies a few weeks later. Years later, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3071288", "chunk_text": "\"Bridget Jones's Diary (film)\"\nas the Darcys' home. Stansted Airport doubled as JFK Airport in New York, while Syon House in Brentford featured as the venue for the anniversary party. The crew filmed for four days at Snowshill in Gloucestershire which featured as the home of Bridget Jones's family. After six weeks of shooting on location, the crew moved to Shepperton Studios in Surrey. The film holds an 80% approval rating on aggregate review site Rotten Tomatoes with an average score of 6.9/10, based on 158 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: \"\"Though there was controversy over the choice of casting, Zellweger's Bridget Jones", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9894517", "chunk_text": "\"Labyrinth (film)\"\nthe Goblin City was built on Stage 6 at Elstree Studios near London, and required the largest panoramic back-cloth ever made. According to Production Designer Elliot Scott, the biggest challenge he faced was building the forest Sarah and her party pass through on their way to Jareth's Castle. The film's production notes state, \"\"the entire forest required 120 truckloads of tree branches, 1,200 turfs of grass, 850 pounds of dried leaves, 133 bags of lichen, and 35 bundles of mossy old man's beard.\"\" While most filming was conducted at Elstree Studios, a small amount of location shooting was carried out", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14832846", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Innocence (1993 film)\"\nthe official wedding photographs\"\", while Day-Lewis' sister, Tamasin Day-Lewis, has a cameo admiring May's engagement ring. \"\"The Age of Innocence\"\" was filmed on location primarily in Troy, New York. The opera scenes were filmed at the Philadelphia Academy of Music in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The scenes set in the home of Mrs. Mingott were filmed in \"\"The Castle\"\", a fraternity house belonging to the Alpha Tau chapter of Pi Kappa Phi at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Formerly known as the Paine Mansion, after its completion in 1896 (then-estimated to cost $500,000), it was heralded as the grandest house in all of Troy.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14333817", "chunk_text": "\"Manorbier Castle\"\nthe buildings and walls. The castle is now privately owned. It is along with the gardens, dovecote and mill open to the public. The castle is also a wedding venue. Parts of it have been converted into a holiday cottage. The castle was used as Cair Paravel and The White Witch Castle by the BBC in an adaption of \"\"The Chronicles of Narnia\"\", and would later be used in \"\"Dragonworld\"\". The 2003 film \"\"I Capture the Castle\"\" was shot largely on location at the castle. Manorbier Castle Manorbier Castle () is a Norman castle located in the village of Manorbier,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14912447", "chunk_text": "\"Stone Barn Castle\"\nno longer open to the public. Stone Barn Castle Stone Barn Castle is located in Vienna, New York. Designed by Charles William Knight, the castle was completed in 1906. The castle operated as a functional dairy farm, until it went bankrupt during the Great Depression. A fire destroyed much of the castle in 1946. The castle was rediscovered in 1969 by Dr. William Hugel and his family restored the building and opened it to the public. In 2006, the Hugel family sold the castle, and the structure remains as a private residence for actor Adrien Brody, who bought the castle", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13191740", "chunk_text": "\"Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie\"\nwhere Alex, Justin and Archie are climbing inside the cave, was shot inside Cueva Ventana in Arecibo as well as a land that sits in the Río Grande de Arecibo valley in front of the mountain where the cave resides in which Alex asks for directions to the cave. The ancient battlefield where Alex and Justin compete to be the family wizard takes place at the Castillo San Felipe del Morro in the Old San Juan. The subway scene where the train from the platform is shown was shot in Toronto, despite the series being based in New York City.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "366769", "chunk_text": "\"The Man in the High Castle (TV series)\"\nlong-time shooting location for \"\"Northern Exposure\"\". Sites used in Seattle include the Seattle Center Monorail, the Paramount Theatre, a newspaper office in the Pike Place Market area, as well as various buildings in the city's Capitol Hill, International District, and Georgetown neighborhoods. In Roslyn, the production used external shots of the Roslyn Cafe which featured prominently in \"\"Northern Exposure\"\" along with several local businesses and scenery. For the series, filming took place in Vancouver, British Columbia, in the downtown area of West Georgia Street, along the promenade of the Coast Capital Savings building in April 2015. In May and June", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5619567", "chunk_text": "\"The Brothers Grimm (film)\"\ndecided to shoot \"\"The Brothers Grimm\"\" entirely in the Czech Republic over budget constraints. Gilliam reasoned that \"\"this is an $80 million movie, which would probably cost $120—$140 million in America\"\". The majority of filming required sound stages and backlots from Barrandov Studios in Prague. Filming at Barrandov ended on 23 October. Location filming began afterwards, which included the Křivoklát Castle. Along with \"\"Alien vs. Predator\"\" and \"\"Van Helsing\"\", \"\"The Brothers Grimm\"\" provided work for hundreds of local jobs and contributed over $300 million into the Czech Republic's economy. Gilliam hired Guy Hendrix Dyas as production designer after he was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10915066", "chunk_text": "\"The Castle (1997 Australian film)\"\nThe Castle (1997 Australian film) The Castle is a 1997 Australian comedy-drama film directed by Rob Sitch. It stars Michael Caton, Anne Tenney, Stephen Curry, Anthony Simcoe, Sophie Lee and Wayne Hope as the Kerrigan Family, as well as the film's lead co-stars Tiriel Mora, Robyn Nevin, Eric Bana, Costas Kilias and Charles 'Bud' Tingwell. The screenwriting team consisted of Rob Sitch, Santo Cilauro, Tom Gleisner and Jane Kennedy of Working Dog Productions, all of whom were veteran writers and performers on ABC's \"\"The Late Show\"\" and \"\"The D-Generation\"\". \"\"The Castle\"\" was filmed in 11 days on a budget of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3305	who grows the most coffee in the world?	n/a	[ "Brazil" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6730242", "chunk_text": "Coffee\nlargest coffee exporter, but fell quickly into rapid decline. Meanwhile, coffee had been introduced to Brazil in 1727, although its cultivation did not gather momentum until independence in 1822. After this time massive tracts of rainforest were cleared for coffee plantations, first in the vicinity of Rio de Janeiro and later São Paulo. Brazil went from having essentially no coffee exports in 1800, to being a significant regional producer in 1830, to being the largest producer in the world by 1852. In 1910–20, Brazil exported around 70% of the world's coffee, Colombia, Guatemala, and Venezuela, exported half of the remaining", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14594761", "chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\ncoffee species, Coffea canephora (robusta). Arabica contains less caffeine than any other commercially cultivated species of coffee. Robusta is a species of coffee which has its origins in western Africa. It is grown mostly in Africa and Brazil, where it is often called Conillon. It is also grown in Southeast Asia where French colonists introduced it in the late 19th century. In recent years Vietnam, which only produces robusta, has surpassed Brazil, India, and Indonesia to become the world's single largest exporter. Approximately one third of the coffee produced in the world is robusta. Coffee was introduced to Japan by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7398959", "chunk_text": "\"Economics of coffee\"\nis traded in futures contracts on many exchanges, including the New York Board of Trade, New York Mercantile Exchange, New York Intercontinental Exchange, and the London International Financial Futures and Options Exchange. The world's largest transfer point for coffee is the port of Hamburg, Germany. In 2009 Brazil was the world leader in production of green coffee, followed by Vietnam, Indonesia, Colombia and Ethiopia. Arabica coffee beans are cultivated in Latin America, eastern Africa, Arabia, or Asia. Robusta coffee beans are grown in western and central Africa, throughout southeast Asia, and to some extent in Brazil. Beans from different countries", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7087604", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in Brazil\"\n(171,000 hectares); Rondônia (95,000 hectares); and Paraná (49,000 hectares). Brazil has been the world's largest producer of coffee for the last 150 years, currently producing about a third of all coffee. In 2011 Brazil was the world leader in production of green coffee, followed by Vietnam, Indonesia and Colombia. The country is unrivaled in total production of green coffee, arabica coffee and instant coffee. In 2011, total production was 2.7 million tonnes, more than twice the amount of Vietnam, the second largest producer.</small> Some 3.5 million people are involved in the industry, mostly in rural areas. There are about 220,000", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1438065", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee in world cultures\"\nMayor of Amsterdam gifted King Louis XIV a coffee plant in 1714, naval officer Gabriel de Clieu stole a seed and brought it to the island of Martinique. Its cultivation eventually spread across the aforementioned regions. Brazil, today's largest producer of coffee, was brought coffee by Francisco de Mello Palheta, who got the seeds from French Guinea. Today's high-grossing industry of coffee was built by the institution of slavery across the world. Once the demand for coffee grew past the amount being produced in the Arabic world, the Dutch began cultivating coffee in Indonesia, modern-day Java, and eventually moved to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3412987", "chunk_text": "\"Coffea canephora\"\nworld is robusta. It is mostly grown in Vietnam, where French colonists introduced it in the late 19th century, though it is also grown in Africa and Brazil, where it is often called \"\"conilon\"\". In recent years, Vietnam, which produces mostly robusta, has surpassed Brazil, India, and Indonesia to become the world's single largest exporter of robusta coffee. Brazil is still the biggest producer of coffee in the world, producing one-third of the world's coffee, though 80% of that is \"\"C. arabica\"\". Robusta is easier to care for and has a greater crop yield than \"\"C. arabica\"\", so is cheaper", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13674536", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee bean\"\nbeans are a major cash crop and an important export product, counting for over 50% of some developing nations' foreign exchange earnings. According to popular legend, the coffee plant was discovered in Ethiopia by a goatherd named Kaldi. South America is now responsible for about 45% of the world's total coffee exports. Most of this coffee is grown in Brazil. The United States imports more coffee than any other nation. The per capita consumption of coffee in the United States in 2011 was 4.24 kg (9 lbs), and the value of coffee imported exceeded $8 billion. As of 2015, Americans", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8098937", "chunk_text": "Coffee\nare especially appreciated by worms and acid-loving plants such as blueberries. Some commercial coffee shops run initiatives to make better use of these grounds, including Starbucks' \"\"Grounds for your Garden\"\" project, and community sponsored initiatives such as \"\"Ground to Ground\"\". Climate change may significantly impact coffee yields within a few decades. Kew Royal Botanic Gardens concluded that global warming threatens the genetic diversity of Arabica plants found in Ethiopia and surrounding countries. In 2016, world production of green coffee beans was 9.2 million tonnes, led by Brazil with 33% of the total (table). Vietnam, Colombia, and Indonesia were other major", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8874562", "chunk_text": "Coffee\nback to their homeland and began to cultivate the seed. By the 16th century, the drink had reached Persia, Turkey, and North Africa. From there, it spread to Europe and the rest of the world. As of 2016, Brazil was the leading grower of coffee beans, producing one-third of the world total. Coffee is a major export commodity, being the top legal agricultural export for numerous countries. It is one of the most valuable commodities exported by developing countries. Green, unroasted coffee is one of the most traded agricultural commodities in the world. Some controversy has been associated with coffee", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2420489", "chunk_text": "\"Robusta coffee\"\nBrazil (25% of the world's production), Indonesia (15%), India (6%), and Uganda (4,5%). Brazil is still the biggest coffee producer in the world, producing one-third of the world's coffee, though 70% of that is \"\"C. arabica\"\". Robusta is easier to care for and has a greater crop yield than \"\"C. arabica\"\", so is cheaper to produce. Roasted robusta beans produce a strong, full-bodied coffee with a distinctive, earthy flavour, but usually with more bitterness than arabica due to their pyrazine content. Since arabica beans are believed to have a smoother taste with more acidity and a richer flavour, they are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14594756", "chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nbe the finest coffee grown in the shade rather than direct sunlight anywhere in the world. There are approximately 250,000 coffee growers in India; 98% of them are small growers. As of 2009, the production of coffee in India was only 4.5% of the total production in the world. Almost 80% of the country's coffee production is exported. Of that which is exported, 70% is bound for Germany, Russian federation, Spain, Belgium, Slovenia, United States, Japan, Greece, Netherlands and France, and Italy accounts for 29% of the exports. Most of the export is shipped through the Suez Canal. Coffee is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8874688", "chunk_text": "Coffee\nfinal competition each year. The competition includes the following events: Barista Championship, Brewers Cup, Latte Art and Cup Tasters. A World Brewer's Cup Championship takes place in Melbourne, Australia, every year that houses contestants from around the world to crown the World's Coffee King. Organizations: Coffee Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, the seeds of berries from certain \"\"Coffea\"\" species. The genus \"\"Coffea\"\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean. Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8098897", "chunk_text": "Coffee\nCoffee Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, the seeds of berries from certain \"\"Coffea\"\" species. The genus \"\"Coffea\"\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean. Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, Indian subcontinent, and Africa. The two most commonly grown are \"\"C. arabica\"\" and \"\"C. robusta\"\". Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and dried. Dried coffee seeds (referred to as \"\"beans\"\") are roasted to varying", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10362004", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee culture\"\nrefreshments. Some provide other services, such as wired or wireless internet access (thus the name, \"\"internet café\"\" — which has carried over to stores that provide internet service without any coffee) for their customers. Many social aspects of coffee can be seen in the modern-day lifestyle. By absolute volume, the United States is the largest market for coffee, followed by Germany and Japan. Canada, Australia, Sweden and New Zealand are the other large coffee consuming countries. Tim Hortons is Canada's largest coffee chain, making millions of cups of coffee a day. The Nordic countries consume the most coffee per capita,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16426652", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in Ethiopia\"\nThe coffee plant, Coffea arabica, originates in Ethiopia. According to legend, the 9th-century goatherder Kaldi discovered the coffee plant after noticing the energizing effect the plant had on his flock, but the story did not appear in writing until 1671 and is probably apocryphal. Ethiopia is the world's seventh largest producer of coffee, and Africa's top producer, with 260,000 metric tonnes in 2006. Half of the coffee is consumed by Ethiopians, and the country leads the continent in domestic consumption. The major markets for Ethiopian coffee are the EU (about half of exports), East Asia (about a quarter) and North", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8098981", "chunk_text": "Coffee\ningestion on average is about a third of that of tap water in North America and Europe. Worldwide, 6.7 million metric tons of coffee were produced annually in 1998–2000, and the forecast is a rise to seven million metric tons annually by 2010. Brazil remains the largest coffee exporting nation, however Vietnam tripled its exports between 1995 and 1999 and became a major producer of robusta seeds. Indonesia is the third-largest coffee exporter overall and the largest producer of washed arabica coffee. Organic Honduran coffee is a rapidly growing emerging commodity owing to the Honduran climate and rich soil. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4954836", "chunk_text": "\"Colombian coffee growing axis\"\n- the Wax Palm, which grows up to 60 metres tall. Colombian coffee growing axis The Colombian coffee Region (), also known as the Coffee Triangle () is a part of the Colombian Paisa region in the rural area of Colombia. It is famous for growing and producing majority of Colombian coffee, considered by many to be the best coffee in the world. There are four departments in the area: Caldas, Quindío Risaralda and Tolima. The most visited cities are Manizales, Armenia Pereira and Ibague Coffee was first grown commercially in Colombia in Salazar de las Palmas, north of Santander,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16564204", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in Colombia\"\nCoffee production in Colombia Coffee production in Colombia has a reputation as producing mild, well-balanced coffee beans. Colombia's average annual coffee production of 11.5 million bags is the third total highest in the world, after Brazil and Vietnam; though highest in terms of the arabica bean. The beans are exported to United States, (Germany), France, Japan, and Italy. Most coffee is grown in the Colombian coffee growing axis region. In 2007, the European Union granted Colombian coffee a protected designation of origin status. In 2011 UNESCO declared the \"\"Coffee Cultural Landscape\"\" of Colombia, a World Heritage site.<ref name=UNESCO/ The coffee", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14594752", "chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nstatus ever since. It dominated world production, exporting more coffee than the rest of the world combined, from 1850 to 1950. The period since 1950 saw the widening of the playing field due to the emergence of several other major producers, notably Colombia, Ivory Coast, Ethiopia, and, most recently, Vietnam, which overtook Colombia and became the second-largest producer in 1999 and reached 15% market share by 2011. Around the turn of the century an organization named Fair Trade emerged. In the past 20 years Fair trade coffee has become very popular. The idea of fair trade is to pay the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14594774", "chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nthe major coffee producer in the world. Large-scale production in Vietnam began following normalization of trade relations with the US in 1995. Nearly all of the coffee grown there is Robusta. Despite the origins of coffee cultivation in Ethiopia, that country produced only a small amount for export until the Twentieth Century, and much of that not from the south of the country but from the environs of Harar in the northeast. The Kingdom of Kaffa, home of the plant, was estimated to produce between 50,000 and 60,000 kilograms of coffee beans in the 1880s. Commercial production effectively began in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12486854", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in Costa Rica\"\nproduce the most desirable coffee beans in Costa Rica. In 2012, Tarrazú Geisha coffee became the most expensive coffee sold by Starbucks in 48 of their stores in the United States, using the Clover automated French press. The Agriculture and Livestock Ministry and the Costa Rican Coffee Institute organise an annual festival: National Coffee Day, during which a producer is awarded the Cup of Excellence for the highest quality of coffee produced in Costa Rica. The winner sells their coffee through an auction to the international community. The major growing regions and season are illustrated in the table below. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8699562", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in Indonesia\"\nproducts. The domestic market consumes about 150,000 metric tons of robusta annually. The main markets are the United States, western Europe and Japan, although demand from emerging markets such as Russia, China, Taiwan, South Korea and Malaysia is increasing. Robusta is also an important part of traditional espresso blends, where it adds characteristic flavours and the all important crema on top of the coffee. Coffee production in Indonesia Indonesia was the fourth-largest producer of coffee in the world in 2014. Coffee cultivation in Indonesia began in the late 1600s and early 1700s, in the early Dutch colonial period, and has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16455237", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in Brazil\"\nfrom Brazil, but importing green and roasted coffee into the country is taxed by 10% and soluble coffee by 16%. Unprocessed coffee can be exported duty-free into the three largest markets: the United States, the European Union and Japan, but processed coffee such as roasted beans, instant coffee and decaffeinated coffee is taxed 7.5% into the EU and 10% into Japan. Exports to the United States are tariff-free. Coffee production in Brazil Coffee production in Brazil is responsible for about a third of all coffee, making Brazil by far the world's largest producer, a position the country has held for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16455236", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in Brazil\"\n50 years. Coffee exports as a percentage of total exports was over 50% between the 1850s and 1960s, peaking in 1950 with 63.9%. The percentage began to decline in the 1960s when other export-heavy sectors expanded. In 1980, coffee export was down to 12.3% of the total, and by 2006 accounted for only to 2.5%. Brazil itself is the largest consumer of coffee by surpassing the United States in mid-2010's . Per capita, Brazil is the 14th largest consumer and is together with Ethiopia the only coffee producer with a large domestic consumption. There are no taxes on coffee exports", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2420488", "chunk_text": "\"Robusta coffee\"\nthe balance. Roasted robusta beans produce a strong, full-bodied coffee with a distinctive, earthy flavour, but usually with more bitterness than arabica due to their high pyrazine content. Some 37% to 40% of the coffee produced in the world is robusta. It is mostly grown in Vietnam, where French colonists introduced it in the late 19th century, though it is also grown in India, Africa and Brazil, where it is often called \"\"conilon\"\". In recent years, Vietnam, which produces mostly robusta, has become the world's largest exporter of robusta coffee, accounting for over 40% of the total production. It surpasses", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7398957", "chunk_text": "\"Economics of coffee\"\nEconomics of coffee Coffee is a popular beverage and an important commodity. Tens of millions of small producers in developing countries make their living growing coffee. Over 2.25 billion cups of coffee are consumed in the world every day. Over 90% of coffee production takes place in developing countries - mostly South America, while consumption happens mainly in the industrialized economies. 25 million small producers rely on coffee for a living worldwide. In Brazil alone, where almost a third of all the world's coffee is produced, over 5 million people are employed in the cultivation and harvesting of over 3", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7087597", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in Brazil\"\nCoffee production in Brazil Coffee production in Brazil is responsible for about a third of all coffee, making Brazil by far the world's largest producer, a position the country has held for the last 150 years. Coffee plantations, covering some , are mainly located in the southeastern states of Minas Gerais, São Paulo and Paraná where the environment and climate provide ideal growing conditions. The crop first arrived in Brazil in the 18th Century and the country had become the dominant producer by the 1840s. Brazilian coffee prospered since the early 19th century, when the Italian immigrants came to work", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12028160", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in Venezuela\"\nBrazil. In the Andean frontier region coffee production had increased ten times (between 1830 and 1930) making it the second largest coffee producing nation in the world. More than 82,000 tonnes of coffee were produced in 1919; however, poor agricultural practices, soil erosion, less incidence of rainfall and over use of soil strength caused a drastic decline in the yield, in the 1920s, which resulted in the decline of the coffee industry in the country; petroleum extraction compounded its downfall. Typically, coffee production is at its greatest during the months December and January, and shipping of Venezuelan coffee takes place", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6730245", "chunk_text": "Coffee\nconsumed in the US. Coffee has become a vital cash crop for many developing countries. Over one hundred million people in developing countries have become dependent on coffee as their primary source of income. It has become the primary export and backbone for African countries like Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda, and Ethiopia, as well as many Central American countries. Several species of shrub of the genus \"\"Coffea\"\" produce the berries from which coffee is extracted. The two main species commercially cultivated are \"\"Coffea canephora\"\" (predominantly a form known as 'robusta') and \"\"C. arabica\"\". \"\"C. arabica\"\", the most highly regarded species, is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1841403", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in Indonesia\"\nthat the illegal coffee is sold to Western companies such as Nestlé and Kraft Foods. \"\"Coffea robusta\"\" is grown at lower altitudes than \"\"Coffea arabica\"\". The island of Sumatra is the largest producer, with the provinces of Lampung, South Sumatra and Bengkulu accounting for 50% of total national coffee production and up to 75% of Robusta production. Smaller volumes are also grown in Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali and Flores. Robusta is grown on small farms that average one hectare. The crop is harvested by stripping off all the fruit on the branch, resulting in a mix of ripe and green cherries.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19544330", "chunk_text": "\"Coffea arabica\"\nCoffea arabica Coffea arabica (), also known as the Arabian coffee, \"\"coffee shrub of Arabia\"\", \"\"mountain coffee\"\", or \"\"arabica coffee\"\", is a species of \"\"Coffea\"\". It is believed to be the first species of coffee to be cultivated, and is the dominant cultivar, representing some 60% of global production. Coffee produced from the less acidic, more bitter, and more highly caffeinated robusta bean (\"\"C. canephora\"\") makes up the preponderance of the balance. Wild plants grow between tall, and have an open branching system; the leaves are opposite, simple elliptic-ovate to oblong, long and broad, glossy dark green. The flowers are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1394858", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in Brazil\"\nin the coffee plantations. Production as a share of world coffee output peaked in the 1920s but has declined since the 1950s due to increased global production. Coffee was not native to the Americas and had to be planted in the country. The first coffee was grown by the Native Americans. The first coffee bush in Brazil was planted by Francisco de Melo Palheta in the state of Pará in 1727. According to the legend, the Portuguese were looking for a cut of the coffee market, but could not obtain seeds from bordering French Guiana due to the governor's unwillingness", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20289724", "chunk_text": "\"United Coffee\"\nUnited Coffee United Coffee is one of Europe’s largest coffee roasters. It produces and distributes a wide range of coffee, coffee machines and related services through retail and out-of-home distribution channels, including hotels, restaurants and cafés. The company is based in Geneva, Switzerland. United Coffee was founded in 1818 and now employs nearly 1,000 people and roasts over 60,000 tons of coffee per year. The company buys 1% of the world’s total coffee exports per year. The company is a market leader within the private label and single portion coffee sector and owns retail and out-of-home brands such as Grand", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18227628", "chunk_text": "\"International Coffee Agreement\"\nthe expense of more traditional varieties such as robusta. Brazil in particular – the world's most powerful coffee producer – refused to reduce its quotas believing it would lower their market share. The consumers, led by the United States, demanded higher quality coffee and the end of selling coffee to non-members at reduced rates. The US criticized Brazil for not being willing to accept a reduction of the country's quotas despite falling share of the world market since 1980. Jorio Dauster, head of the state-controlled Brazilian Coffee Institute, described Brazil as an \"\"extremely efficient producer\"\" and believed it could survive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16455235", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in Brazil\"\nand raised worldwide prices the following years. The processing industry is divided in two distinct groups, ground/roasted coffee and instant coffee. The ground/roasted coffee market is highly competitive and had over 1000 companies in 2001. In contrast, the instant coffee market is highly concentrated with four major firms accounting for 75% of the market. Brazil is the world's largest exporter of instant coffee, with instant coffee constituting 10–20% of total coffee exports. Both types of coffee are mainly exported to the US, the world's largest coffee consumer. Coffee remains an important export, but its importance has declined in the last", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6730244", "chunk_text": "Coffee\nthe 19th century was matched by growth in consumption in developed countries, though nowhere has this growth been as pronounced as in the United States, where high rate of population growth was compounded by doubling of per capita consumption between 1860 and 1920. Though the United States was not the heaviest coffee-drinking nation at the time (Nordic countries, Belgium, and Netherlands all had comparable or higher levels of per capita consumption), due to its sheer size, it was already the largest consumer of coffee in the world by 1860, and, by 1920, around half of all coffee produced worldwide was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7087606", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in Brazil\"\nunwashed or natural coffee). The entire berries are cleaned and placed in the sun to dry for 8–10 days (or up to four weeks during unfavorable conditions). The outer layer of the dried berry is then removed in a hulling process before the beans are sorted, graded and packed in 60 kg bags. Several species in the coffee genus, \"\"Coffea\"\", can be grown for their beans, but two species, arabica and robusta, account for virtually all production. Arabica dominates both Brazil and the world as a whole with about 85% of the production; robusta accounts for the remaining 30%. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9833866", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in Ecuador\"\ncompanies. Agriculturists dedicated to this activity, as well as the extension of exports, make important contributions to the Ecuadorian economy. , Ecuadorian coffee is exported to 29 countries worldwide, with Russia, Poland, Germany, Colombia, Italy, and the Netherlands accounting for over 80 percent of the total export volume. Coffee production in Ecuador Coffee production in Ecuador is one of only 15 countries in the world that grows and exports both Arabica and Robusta coffee, the two main species of coffee produced and consumed in the world. Different ecosystems in Ecuador permit different coffee cultures to occur all over the country,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19211029", "chunk_text": "\"International Coffee Organization\"\nin March and September to discuss coffee matters, approve strategic documents and consider the recommendations of advisory bodies and committees. The ICO's headquarters is located at 222 Gray's Inn Road in London and its current Executive Director is the Brazilian José Sette. After the withdrawal of the U.S. from the International Coffee Agreement in June 2018, ICO Member Governments represent 98% of world coffee production and 67% of world consumption. As June 2018, its membership comprises 44 producing members and 6 importing members. International Coffee Organization The International Coffee Organization (ICO) was set up in 1963 in London, under the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19171716", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee bean\"\nconsumed approximately 400 million cups of coffee per day, making the United States the leading consumer of coffee in the world. Coffee plants grow within a defined area between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, termed the bean belt or coffee belt. The Oxford English Dictionary suggests that the European languages generally appear to have gotten the name from Turkish \"\"kahveh\"\", about 1600, perhaps through Italian \"\"caffè\"\". Arab \"\"qahwah\"\", in Turkish pronounced \"\"kahveh\"\", the name of the infusion or beverage; said by Arab lexicographers to have originally meant \"\"wine\"\" or some type of wine, and to be a derivative of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6730258", "chunk_text": "Coffee\nare generally known by the region in which they are grown, such as Colombian, Java and Kona. Arabica coffee beans are cultivated mainly in Latin America, eastern Africa or Asia, while robusta beans are grown in central Africa, throughout southeast Asia, and Brazil. Originally, coffee farming was done in the shade of trees that provided a habitat for many animals and insects. Remnant forest trees were used for this purpose, but many species have been planted as well. These include leguminous trees of the genera \"\"Acacia\"\", \"\"Albizia\"\", \"\"Cassia\"\", \"\"Erythrina\"\", \"\"Gliricidia\"\", \"\"Inga\"\", and \"\"Leucaena\"\", as well as the nitrogen-fixing non-legume sheoaks", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9026709", "chunk_text": "\"Economics of coffee\"\n1990 to 1995, 37 were coffee producers As a result, there has been a return to both traditional and new methods of growing shade-tolerant varieties. Shade-grown coffee can often earn a premium as a more environmentally sustainable alternative to mainstream sun-grown coffee. Economics of coffee Coffee is a popular beverage and an important commodity. Tens of millions of small producers in developing countries make their living growing coffee. Over 2.25 billion cups of coffee are consumed in the world every day. Over 90% of coffee production takes place in developing countries - mostly South America, while consumption happens mainly in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14594764", "chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\nfrom the Indonesian Archipelago. The colloquial name for coffee, Java, comes from the time when most of Europe and America's coffee was grown in Java. Today Indonesia is one of the largest coffee producers in the world, mainly for export. However coffee is enjoyed in various ways around the archipelago like traditional \"\"Kopi Ende\"\" which is with ginger to fancy new ways in Jakartas many coffee shops like Anomali. The Philippines is one of the few countries that produces the four varieties of commercially viable coffee: Arabica, Liberica (Barako), Excelsa and Robusta. Climatic and soil conditions in the Philippines –", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18603609", "chunk_text": "\"Coffea liberica\"\nCoffea liberica Coffea liberica (or Liberian coffee) is a species of flowering plant in the Rubiaceae family from which coffee is produced. It is native to western and central Africa from Liberia to Uganda and Angola, and has become naturalized in the Philippines, Seychelles, the Andaman & Nicobar Islands, French Polynesia, Central America, the West Indies, Venezuela, Colombia, Malaysia and Brazil. The \"\"Coffea liberica\"\" tree grows up to 20 metres in height, producing larger fruits than those found on \"\"Coffea arabica\"\" trees. It was brought to Indonesia to replace the \"\"arabica\"\" trees killed by the coffee rust disease at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15463223", "chunk_text": "Coffea\nCoffea Coffea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. \"\"Coffea\"\" species are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical Asia. The seeds of some species, called coffee beans, are used to make various coffee beverages and products. Coffee ranks as one of the world's most valuable and widely traded commodity crops and is an important export product of several countries, including those in Central and South America, the Caribbean and Africa. There are over 120 species of \"\"Coffea\"\", which is grown from seed. The two most popular are \"\"Coffea arabica\"\" (commonly known", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20302525", "chunk_text": "\"The Birth of Coffee\"\nThe Birth of Coffee The Birth of Coffee is a transmedia project which includes a book of words and images, a photographic exhibit, and a website. It focuses on the people worldwide who grow and produce coffee. The project illustrates how coffee – combined with the volatile locations where it grows and labor-intensive growing processes – often shapes those people's lives. The Lorenzettis, a husband and wife team, created this project by documenting their visits to eight major coffee-producing countries. The countries included in the book are Ethiopia, Yemen, Indonesia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Kenya. The author and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2097106", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in China\"\nthe cultivation of coffee. Hogood Coffee, the largest domestic instant coffee maker, was founded in 2007 and has been responsible for cultivating much of the coffee in the Dehong region. Hogood capitalizes on relaxed land use policies in Yunnan which have allowed farm land consolidation through contract farming schemes; seedlings are planted by Hogood and harvested by farmers of the beans that are in the end purchased by Hogood. In 2013, Yunnan Coffee Traders became the region's first dedicated specialty coffee exporter; they are now (2018) the largest exporter of Yunnan specialty coffee in China. Domestic coffee consumption in China", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16001294", "chunk_text": "\"Coffee production in India\"\nCoffee production in India Coffee production in India is dominated in the hill tracts of South Indian states, with Karnataka accounting for 71%, followed by Kerala with 21% and Tamil Nadu (5% of overall production with 8,200 tonnes). Indian coffee is said to be the finest coffee grown in the shade rather than direct sunlight anywhere in the world. There are about 250,000 coffee growers in the country; 98% of them are small growers. As of 2009, Indian coffee made up just 4.5% of the global production. Almost 80% of Indian coffee is exported; 70% is bound for Germany, Russia,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16029854", "chunk_text": "\"Colombian coffee growing axis\"\nColombian coffee growing axis The Colombian coffee Region (), also known as the Coffee Triangle () is a part of the Colombian Paisa region in the rural area of Colombia. It is famous for growing and producing majority of Colombian coffee, considered by many to be the best coffee in the world. There are four departments in the area: Caldas, Quindío Risaralda and Tolima. The most visited cities are Manizales, Armenia Pereira and Ibague Coffee was first grown commercially in Colombia in Salazar de las Palmas, north of Santander, and over the twentieth century grew to be Colombia's primary export.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14594755", "chunk_text": "\"History of coffee\"\ncame to India well before the East India company, through an India Sufi saint named \"\"Baba Budan\"\". The first record of coffee growing in India is following the introduction of coffee beans from Yemen by Baba Budan to the hills of Chikmagalur (Coorg, Southern India) in 1670. Since then coffee plantations have become established in the region, extending south to Kodagu. Coffee production in India is dominated in the hill tracts of South Indian states, with the state of Karnataka accounting 53% followed by Kerala 28% and Tamil Nadu 11% of production of 8,200 tonnes. Indian coffee is said to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3306	when are the next commonwealth games going to be held?	n/a	[ "2022" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16185511", "chunk_text": "\"Commonwealth Games\"\nbeen the highest achieving team for twelve games, England for seven, and Canada for one. The most recent Commonwealth Games were held in Gold Coast from 4 to 15 April 2018. The next Commonwealth Games are to be held in Birmingham from 27 July to 7 August 2022. A sporting competition bringing together the members of the British Empire was first proposed by John Astley Cooper in 1900, when he wrote an article in \"\"The Times\"\" suggesting a \"\"Pan-Britannic-Pan-Anglican Contest and Festival every four years as a means of increasing goodwill and good understanding of the British Empire\"\". John Astley", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8188258", "chunk_text": "\"2022 Commonwealth Games\"\n2022 Commonwealth Games The 2022 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XXII Commonwealth Games and commonly known as Birmingham 2022, is an international multi-sport event for members of the Commonwealth that is scheduled to be held in Birmingham, England. This is due to be the third time England has hosted the Games. The Games are expected to take place between 27 July and 7 August 2022. The city was announced as the host at a press conference at the Arena Academy in Birmingham on 21 December 2017. Two cities initially launched bids for the games; Durban, South Africa and Edmonton,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8188260", "chunk_text": "\"2022 Commonwealth Games\"\nrights to host the games. It would have marked the first time the games were held in Africa and the second time a Commonwealth republic would have hosted, following Delhi, India in 2010. The games were set to open on the 18 July 2022, coinciding with the birthday of the late South African President, Nelson Mandela. A new bidding process was launched, where Liverpool and Birmingham expressed their interests in hosting the games. On 14 March 2017, Manchester, who previously hosted the 2002 Commonwealth Games, expressed their interest in hosting the games. In September 2017, Birmingham beat Liverpool for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16185532", "chunk_text": "\"Commonwealth Games\"\nof Scotland, with Commonwealth Games Federation chief executive Mike Hooper hailing them as \"\"the standout games in the history of the movement\"\". The 2018 Commonwealth Games were held in Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, the fifth time Australia hosted the Games. There were an equal number of events for men and women, the first time in history that a major multi-sport event had equality in terms of events. The 2022 Commonwealth Games will be held in Birmingham, England. They will be the third Commonwealth Games to be hosted in England following London 1934 and Manchester 2002. The three nations to have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "923826", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\n2018 Commonwealth Games The 2018 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XXI Commonwealth Games and commonly known as Gold Coast 2018, were an international multi-sport event for members of the Commonwealth that were held on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, between 4 and 15 April 2018. It was the fifth time Australia had hosted the Commonwealth Games and the first time a major multi-sport event achieved gender equality by having an equal number of events for males and female athletes. More than 4,400 athletes including 300 para-athletes from 71 Commonwealth Games Associations took part in the event. The Gambia which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "923852", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nclaim which Channel 7 later refuted. 2018 Commonwealth Games The 2018 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XXI Commonwealth Games and commonly known as Gold Coast 2018, were an international multi-sport event for members of the Commonwealth that were held on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, between 4 and 15 April 2018. It was the fifth time Australia had hosted the Commonwealth Games and the first time a major multi-sport event achieved gender equality by having an equal number of events for males and female athletes. More than 4,400 athletes including 300 para-athletes from 71 Commonwealth Games Associations took part", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5461844", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\ncountry's name. The closing ceremony was held at Carrara Stadium on Sunday 15 April and was produced by Jack Morton Worldwide at a cost of AU$30 million. Australian pop stars Guy Sebastian, Samantha Jade, Dami Im, Ricki Lee and The Veronicas were among the performers along with children's entertainers, The Wiggles. Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex, declared the Games closed and passed the Commonwealth Games flag to Birmingham, England which will host the 2022 Games. There were 71 nations competing at 2018 Commonwealth Games. Maldives were scheduled to participate, but in October 2016 they withdrew from the Commonwealth. The Gambia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13024821", "chunk_text": "\"Commonwealth Games\"\nscoring team for thirteen games, England for seven and Canada for one. Very few Commonwealth dependencies and nations have yet to take part: The 1934 British Empire Games, originally awarded in 1930 to Johannesburg was moved to London after South Africa's pre-apartheid government refused to allow nonwhite participants. The 2022 Commonwealth Games were originally awarded to Durban on 2 September 2015, at the CGF General Assembly in Auckland. It was reported in February 2017 that Durban may be unable to host the games due to financial constraints. On 13 March 2017, the CGF stripped Durban of their rights to host", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5461852", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nwas worldwide released on 5 April 2018 in Delta Goodrem's official YouTube channel. At least 13 athletes from four countries - Cameroon, Uganda, Rwanda, and Sierra Leone - absconded during or immediately after the Games. Some missed their competitions. Athletes regularly abscond during major sporting events, and many subsequently claim asylum in their host countries. Most hold nationalities that are deemed high-risk by immigration authorities and find it impossible to get visas outside of exceptional events, such as major games. A month after the games ended, officials estimated that fifty athletes had remained in Australia illegally, with another 200 staying", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19913983", "chunk_text": "\"Commonwealth of Nations\"\nis held every four years; the 2014 Commonwealth Games were held in Glasgow, Scotland, and the 2018 Commonwealth Games in Gold Coast, Australia. Birmingham is set to be the host for 2022 Commonwealth Games. As well as the usual athletic disciplines, as at the Summer Olympic Games, the games include sports particularly popular in the Commonwealth, such as bowls, netball, and rugby sevens. Started in 1930 as the Empire Games, the games were founded on the Olympic model of amateurism, but were deliberately designed to be \"\"the Friendly Games\"\", with the goal of promoting relations between Commonwealth countries and celebrating", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19574918", "chunk_text": "\"2026 Commonwealth Games\"\n2026 Commonwealth Games The 2026 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XXIII Commonwealth Games, is a multi-sport event for members of the Commonwealth to be organised in a city designated by the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF). The host city will be selected at the 2019 CGF General Assembly in Kigali, Rwanda. During the CGF General Assembly on 31 March 2017 in Gold Coast, the executive board announced that they had planned to award both 2026 and 2030 Commonwealth Games simultaneously at the CGF General Assembly in September 2019. The 71 Commonwealth Games Associations (CGAs) were informed of an 18-month-long consultative", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5461845", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nreturned to the Commonwealth Games after being readmitted as a Commonwealth Games Federation member on 31 March 2018. The regulations stated that from the 26 approved sports administered by Commonwealth Governing Bodies, a minimum of ten core sports and maximum of seventeen sports must be included in any Commonwealth Games schedule. The approved sports included the 10 core sports: athletics, badminton, boxing, hockey, lawn bowls, netball (for women), rugby sevens, squash, swimming and weightlifting. Integrated disabled competitions were also scheduled for the Games in nine sports: swimming, athletics, cycling, table tennis, powerlifting and lawn bowls. Along with these events for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "923827", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nwithdrew its membership from the Commonwealth of Nations and Commonwealth Games Federation in 2013, was readmitted on 31 March 2018 and participated in the event . With 275 sets of medals, the games featured 19 Commonwealth sports, including beach volleyball, para triathlon and women's rugby sevens. These sporting events took place at 14 venues in the host city, two venues in Brisbane and one venue each in Cairns and Townsville. These were the first Commonwealth Games to take place under the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) presidency of Louise Martin, . The host city Gold Coast was announced at the CGF", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5461837", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nservices like plunge baths, including accessible baths, saunas, massage and consults from the Sports Medical personnel. The Main Dining served over 18,000 meals per day to the athletes during the games. The village also consisted of retail shops, Optus phone store, salon, bar and a games room which featured a number of arcade games, pool tables and game consoles. The Gold Coast 2018 Queen's Baton Relay was launched on Commonwealth Day, 13 March 2017, on the historic forecourt at Buckingham Palace, signalling the official countdown to the start of the Games. Accompanied by the Duke of Edinburgh and Prince Edward", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10497628", "chunk_text": "\"Australia at the 2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nathletes was announced on 2 March 2018. Robert Whittaker wihdrew from the Team on 16 March 2018. Australia at the 2018 Commonwealth Games Australia competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in Gold Coast, Queensland between 4 and 15 April 2018. It was Australia's 21st appearance at the Commonwealth Games, having competed at every Games since their inception in 1930. Australia has previously hosted the Games four times – 1938 Sydney, 1962 Perth, 1982 Brisbane and 2006 Melbourne. Being the host nation, Australia sent a contingent of 474 athletes, participating in all of the 18 sports staged. Though only 469 competed.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5461831", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nand ended on 22 May 2017. The first round of tickets were allocated on 22 June 2017 via a computer-generated ballot system. About 70% of the people who applied for the tickets had received some or all of the tickets requested in the first phase. In Australia, ticket prices ranged from A$10 for many events to A$495 for the most expensive seats at the opening ceremony. The games expected to have 1.2 million tickets for sale. Around 1.06 million tickets were sold by 3 April 2018. Ticketek was the provider of ticketing services for the games. The organizing committee expected", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17961818", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games medal table\"\nlisted alphabetically by their three-letter country code. Australia tops the medal table rank with 80 gold, second England with 45 gold and third India with 26 gold. Host nation (Australia) </onlyinclude> Khumukcham Sanjita Chanu, the Weightlifting Women's 53 kg gold medallist for India subsequently failed an anti-doping test, but later her B sample found negative and she was handed over her medal back. 2018 Commonwealth Games medal table The 2018 Commonwealth Games (officially known as the XXI Commonwealth Games), were a multi-sport event held in Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, between 4 and 15 April 2018. 275 medal events were held", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5461823", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nthat study is now well advanced.\"\" On 15 March 2010, it was announced that the Queensland Government will provide initial funding of A$11 million for the 2018 Commonwealth Games bid. The Premier of Queensland has indicated the Government's support for the bid to the Australian Commonwealth Games Association. On 31 March 2010, the Australian Commonwealth Games Association officially launched the bid to host the 2018 Commonwealth Games. In October 2011, Gold Coast City Mayor Ron Clarke stated that the games would provide a strong legacy for the city after the games have ended. On 31 March 2010, a surprise bid", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5461819", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nGeneral Assembly in Basseterre, Saint Kitts, on 11 November 2011. Gold Coast became the seventh Oceanian city and the first regional city to host the Commonwealth Games. These were the eighth games to be held in Oceania and the Southern Hemisphere. The host nation Australia topped the medal table for the fourth time in the past five Commonwealth Games, winning the most golds (80) and most medals overall (198). England and India finished second and third respectively. Vanuatu, Cook Islands, Solomon Islands, British Virgin Islands and Dominica each won their first Commonwealth Games medals. On 22 August 2008, the Premier", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8188262", "chunk_text": "\"2022 Commonwealth Games\"\nare ideal for hosting sport during the Games. 95% of the competition venues are already in place for the 2022 games. Alexander Stadium which is scheduled to host the ceremonies and athletics is planned to be renovated and the capacity increased to 50,000 seats. A new 400 metre warm up track is also planned. This would leave the stadium well placed to become the home of UK Athletics, hosting all the major national and international competitions after the Games. On 22 December 2017, the BBC Reported that the organisers of the games are currently in talks with the International Cricket", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8188259", "chunk_text": "\"2022 Commonwealth Games\"\nAlberta, Canada. Edmonton withdrew its bid in February 2015, leaving Durban as the only bid to go forward to CGF General Assembly in September 2015. The coastal South African city of Durban initially secured the right to host the games, as they were the sole bidder for the event. The city previously considered bidding for the 2020 or 2024 Summer Olympics. It was reported in February 2017 that Durban may be unable to host the games due to financial constraints. This was confirmed one month later on 13 March 2017 when the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) stripped Durban of their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14599251", "chunk_text": "Birmingham\nGames, replacing Durban, which was forced to withdraw as host due to economic problems. The Games are expected to take place between 27 July and 7 August 2022. Birmingham has a wealth of existing sports venues, arenas and conference halls that are ideal for hosting sport during the Games. Alexander Stadium, which will host the ceremonies and athletics, will be renovated and the capacity will be increased to 50,000 seats. The 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham are expected to generate a £526 million boost to the West Midlands regional economy. The official handover to Birmingham took place at the Gold", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7395456", "chunk_text": "\"2022 Commonwealth Games\"\nrecommended bid for England. With Birmingham being the sole bidder for the event they won the right to stage the Games. However, it was announced that the bid was not fully compliant, and the bidding process was extended until 30 November 2017. The CGF had 170 questions regarding Birmingham's bid. On 21 December 2017, Birmingham was awarded for the 2022 Games as Durban's replacement host. Louise Martin, president of the Commonwealth Games Federation, made the official announcement at a press conference at the Arena Academy in Birmingham. Birmingham has a wealth of existing sports venues, arenas and conference halls that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16916006", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games Parade of Nations\"\nCGF. 2018 Commonwealth Games Parade of Nations During the Parade of Nations at the 2018 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony, held on 4 April 2018, 71 athletes bearing the flags of their respective nations led their national delegations as they paraded into Carrara Stadium in the host city of Gold Coast, Australia. Following tradition, the host of the previous games, Scotland enters first, followed by the rest of the European countries competing. Following this, all countries parade in alphabetical order from their respective regions. After the European countries enter, countries from Africa, the Americas, Asia, the Caribbean, and lastly Oceania march", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13024822", "chunk_text": "\"Commonwealth Games\"\nand reopened the bidding process for the 2022 games. Many cities from Australia, Canada, England and Malaysia expressed interest to host the games. However, the CGF received only one official bid and that was from Birmingham, England. On 21 December 2017, Birmingham was awarded for the 2022 Games as Durban's replacement host. Nigeria boycotted the 1978 Commonwealth Games at Edmonton in protest of New Zealand's sporting contacts with apartheid-era South Africa. Uganda also stayed away, in protest of alleged Canadian hostility towards the government of Idi Amin. During the 1986 Commonwealth Games at Edinburgh, a majority of the Commonwealth nations", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17961815", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games medal table\"\n2018 Commonwealth Games medal table The 2018 Commonwealth Games (officially known as the XXI Commonwealth Games), were a multi-sport event held in Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, between 4 and 15 April 2018. 275 medal events were held at these games. Australia, serving as the host nation, dominated the games with 80 gold, 59 silver and 59 bronze, for a total of 198 medals. The Solomon Islands won its first ever Commonwealth Games medal, a bronze won by Jenly Tegu Wini in the women's 58 kg weightlifting event. The Cook Islands won its first ever Commonwealth Games medal, a bronze won", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5461830", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nbuilt and they were the A$105.3 million Gold Coast Sport and Leisure Centre, the A$40 million Coomera Indoor Sports Centre and the A$59 million Anna Meares Velodrome. More than A$6.4 million were spent on the Queen's Baton Relay. The countdown clock was unveiled on 4 April 2013, exactly five years from the opening ceremony of the games. The clock was shaped as a surfboard and was located at the beach end of Cavill Avenue in Surfers Paradise. The Countdown Clock was the first fixed element of the Commonwealth Games visual identity program. The ticket requests began on 24 April 2017", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5461821", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nWorld Cup Finals bid. On 16 April 2009, Queensland Premier Anna Bligh told reporters that a successful Commonwealth Games bid by Gold Coast City could help the tourist strip win a role in hosting the World Cup. \"\"Some of the infrastructure that would be built for the Commonwealth Games will be useful for Gold Coast City to get a World Cup game out of the soccer World Cup if we're successful as a nation,\"\" she said. However the decision on the venues for the 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cups were made eleven months prior to the bid decision for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7958881", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony\"\n2018 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony The opening ceremony for the 2018 Commonwealth Games took place on the evening of Wednesday 4 April in the Carrara Stadium, Gold Coast. As mandated by the Commonwealth Games Charter, the proceedings of the ceremony combined the formal opening of the sporting event (including hoisting of the flags, parade of the athletes and welcome speeches) with an artistic performance to showcase the host nation's culture. The 2018 Games were formally opened by Charles, Prince of Wales. Jack Morton Worldwide was given the contract to produce the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2018 Commonwealth Games.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4746523", "chunk_text": "\"Gold Coast bid for the 2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nGold Coast bid for the 2018 Commonwealth Games The Gold Coast bid for the 2018 Commonwealth Games was a successful bid to host the 2018 Commonwealth Games by the city of Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. It beat the Hambantota bid for the 2018 Commonwealth Games to host the games, which will be held over 11 days, with the opening ceremony on 4 April 2018, and the last day of competition and closing ceremony on 15 April 2018. On 22 August 2008, the Premier of Queensland, Anna Bligh, officially launched the Gold Coast's bid to host the Commonwealth Games in 2018.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5461839", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nAustralian soil in December 2017 and then spent 100 days travelling through Australia, finishing its journey at the Opening Ceremony on 4 April 2018, where the message was removed from the Baton and read aloud by Charles, Prince of Wales. During the games period, free public transportation within Queensland region was provided to ticket and accreditation holders. The free transportation services were available on local buses, train and Gold Coast light rail () services in Gold Coast and on TransLink and Qconnect bus services in Cairns and Townsville. The Gold Coast light rail system, connected a number of the key", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4746528", "chunk_text": "\"Gold Coast bid for the 2018 Commonwealth Games\"\ncity after the games have ended. Commonwealth Games celebrated in Australia Gold Coast bid for the 2018 Commonwealth Games The Gold Coast bid for the 2018 Commonwealth Games was a successful bid to host the 2018 Commonwealth Games by the city of Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. It beat the Hambantota bid for the 2018 Commonwealth Games to host the games, which will be held over 11 days, with the opening ceremony on 4 April 2018, and the last day of competition and closing ceremony on 15 April 2018. On 22 August 2008, the Premier of Queensland, Anna Bligh, officially launched", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13024779", "chunk_text": "\"Commonwealth Games\"\nCommonwealth Games The Commonwealth Games are an international multi-sport event involving athletes from the Commonwealth of Nations. The event was first held in 1930, and has taken place every four years since then. The Commonwealth Games were known as the British Empire Games from 1930 to 1950, the British Empire and Commonwealth Games from 1954 to 1966, and British Commonwealth Games from 1970 to 1974. It is the world's first multi-sport event which inducted equal number of women’s and men’s medal events and was implemented recently in the 2018 Commonwealth Games. Their creation was inspired by the Inter-Empire Championships, as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4708608", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nenough votes to win the hosting rights. However, on 11 November it was officially announced Gold Coast City had won the rights to host the games. The event was overseen by the Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth Games Corporation (GOLDOC). The GOLDOC was formed in 2012 by the Government of Queensland. Its headquarters were located in Ashmore, a suburban region of Gold Coast. In February 2012, Mark Peters was appointed Chief Executive Officer of the GOLDOC. The Queensland Government Minister tasked with overseeing the Games was Kate Jones. Peter Beattie served as the Chairman of GOLDOC who was appointed on 17", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5461840", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\ngames venues including the Optus Aquatic Centre, Broadwater Parklands and the Gold Coast Convention & Exhibition Centre with the major accommodation centres of Surfers Paradise and Broadbeach and the Athletes Village at Parklands. An extension to the system was announced in October 2015, connecting the then current terminus at Gold Coast University Hospital to the railway line to Brisbane at Helensvale. The extension opened in December 2017, in time for the games. The Australian Sports Anti-Doping Authority conducted an anti-doping drive in the months prior to the games, covering around 2500 tests of Australian athletes, as well as 500 tests", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5461822", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nthe 2018 Commonwealth Games, so the potential World Cup venues had already been chosen. On 3 June 2009, Gold Coast City was confirmed as Australia's exclusive bidder vying for the 2018 Commonwealth Games. \"\"Should a bid proceed, Gold Coast City will have the exclusive Australian rights to bid as host city for 2018,\"\" Bligh stated. \"\"Recently I met with the president and CEO of the Australian Commonwealth Games Association and we agreed to commission a full and comprehensive feasibility study into the potential for the 2018 Commonwealth Games,\"\" she said. \"\"Under the stewardship of Queensland Events new chair, Geoff Dixon,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18917623", "chunk_text": "\"2026 Commonwealth Games\"\nbidding process for the 2026 and 2030 editions of the Games, under the new CGF Partnerships model. This step will allow the Commonwealth Sports Movement to capitalise on the Federation's innovative new Games delivery model, CGF Partnerships (CGFP) which aims to support host nations and cities and enhance the overall value of hosting the Games. 2026 Commonwealth Games The 2026 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XXIII Commonwealth Games, is a multi-sport event for members of the Commonwealth to be organised in a city designated by the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF). The host city will be selected at the 2019", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5124980", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games closing ceremony\"\non the night was foreshadowed during the Opening Ceremony which also fell victim to poor - and many felt, disrespectful, athlete attendance. In addition, large numbers of people left the stadium before the conclusion of the ceremony as the concert of female Australian artists was poorly received by both spectators and the viewing public. 2018 Commonwealth Games closing ceremony The closing ceremony for the 2018 Commonwealth Games was held on 15 April 2018 in the Carrara stadium, Gold Coast. The worldwide broadcast began at 20:30 and finished at 22:30 AEST, lasting almost two hours. The closing ceremony started with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8188263", "chunk_text": "\"2022 Commonwealth Games\"\nCouncil (ICC) about the inclusion of women's cricket. It was also reported that shooting is likely to be excluded from the games citing a lack of facilities around Birmingham, if this is true it will be the first time since 1970 where shooting has not been included in the games. The dropping of shooting from the games programme was confirmed by the Commonwealth Games Federation CEO, David Grevemberg in January 2018. In November 2018,the ICC confirmed that they have submitted a bid to include women's cricket in Birmingham. 2022 Commonwealth Games The 2022 Commonwealth Games, officially known as the XXII", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18917588", "chunk_text": "\"Bids for the 2022 Commonwealth Games\"\nBids for the 2022 Commonwealth Games The city of Durban, South Africa was initially elected as the host for the 2022 Commonwealth Games on 2 September 2015, at a General Assembly in Auckland, New Zealand. It was reported in February 2017 however, Durban may be unable to host the games due to financial constraints. On 13 March 2017, the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) stripped Durban of their rights to host. On 21 December 2017, Birmingham was awarded for the 2022 Games as Durban's replacement host. Louise Martin, president of the Commonwealth Games Federation, made the official announcement at a press", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10497621", "chunk_text": "\"Australia at the 2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nAustralia at the 2018 Commonwealth Games Australia competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in Gold Coast, Queensland between 4 and 15 April 2018. It was Australia's 21st appearance at the Commonwealth Games, having competed at every Games since their inception in 1930. Australia has previously hosted the Games four times – 1938 Sydney, 1962 Perth, 1982 Brisbane and 2006 Melbourne. Being the host nation, Australia sent a contingent of 474 athletes, participating in all of the 18 sports staged. Though only 469 competed. This was the highest number of athletes to represent Australia in a Commonwealth Games ever, eclipsing their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5461820", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nof Queensland, Anna Bligh, officially launched Gold Coast City's bid to host the Commonwealth Games in 2018. On 7 April 2009, the ABC reported a land exchange deal between Gold Coast City and State of Queensland for Carrara Stadium. According to Mayor Ron Clarke, the land would aid a potential bid for the 2018 Commonwealth Games. The land exchanged would be used as the site of an aquatics centre. In the same article, Mayor Clarke raised the question of the Australian Federal Government's commitment to a 2018 Commonwealth Games bid in light of the Government's support for Australia's 2018 FIFA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "923845", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nthe first time EAD events in triathlon were held, with the medals added to the final tally for each nation. A record 38 para events were contested at these games. On 8 March 2016, beach volleyball was announced as the 18th sport. The program was broadly similar to that of the 2014 Commonwealth Games, with the major changes being the dropping of judo, the reintroduction of basketball, the debut of women's rugby sevens and beach volleyball. On 7 October 2016, it was announced seven new events for women were added to the sport program, meaning there are an equal number", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5461848", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nGuyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Saint Barthelemy, Saint Kitts & Nevis, St. Martin, St. Vincent & the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago and Turks & Caicos. Flow Sports provided coverage of the event on Flow Sports 1, Flow Sports 2 and up to three additional \"\"Flow Sports Extra\"\" channels. The New Zealand government funded Pacific Cooperation Broadcasting Limited (PCBL) broadcast the event on Pasifika TV in the Oceanian countries such as Cook Islands, Fiji, Nauru, Niue, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Vanuatu, Kiribati and Tuvalu. The official motto for the 2018 Commonwealth Games was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9514590", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Commonwealth Games Parade of Nations\"\n2018 Commonwealth Games Parade of Nations During the Parade of Nations at the 2018 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony, held on 4 April 2018, 71 athletes bearing the flags of their respective nations led their national delegations as they paraded into Carrara Stadium in the host city of Gold Coast, Australia. Following tradition, the host of the previous games, Scotland enters first, followed by the rest of the European countries competing. Following this, all countries parade in alphabetical order from their respective regions. After the European countries enter, countries from Africa, the Americas, Asia, the Caribbean, and lastly Oceania march in.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4076495", "chunk_text": "\"Australia at the Commonwealth Games\"\nAustralia at the Commonwealth Games Australia has won 13 Commonwealth games. Australia first competed at the Games, then titled the British Empire Games, in 1930; and is one of only six countries to have sent athletes to every Commonwealth Games. The others are Canada, England, New Zealand, Scotland, and Wales. Six of the 21 games have been hosted by Australia, with the city of Gold Coast hosting the 2018 Commonwealth Games. Australia has placed first at 13 out of the 21 games (compared with England 7 and Canada 1) and has been in the top three for all meets except", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19574897", "chunk_text": "\"Bids for the 2022 Commonwealth Games\"\nin the past, when we voted with Asia, Oceania or the Americas and not for ourselves. The time has come to show the world that there are no lions roaming the streets or naked people walking around\"\" Bids for the 2022 Commonwealth Games The city of Durban, South Africa was initially elected as the host for the 2022 Commonwealth Games on 2 September 2015, at a General Assembly in Auckland, New Zealand. It was reported in February 2017 however, Durban may be unable to host the games due to financial constraints. On 13 March 2017, the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2427825", "chunk_text": "\"Boxing at the 2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nBoxing at the 2018 Commonwealth Games Boxing at the 2018 Commonwealth Games is scheduled to be held at the Oxenford Studios in the Gold Coast, Australia from April 5th to 14th. A total of 16 events are scheduled to be held, 10 for men and six for women. Additional women's events were added by the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) to get to a gender equal amount of events overall for men and women. Host nation (Australia) There are 48 participating nations in boxing with a total of 217 athletes. The number of athletes a nation entered is in parentheses beside", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9490547", "chunk_text": "\"Gymnastics at the 2018 Commonwealth Games\"\nGymnastics at the 2018 Commonwealth Games Gymnastics competitions at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in the Gold Coast, Australia, are scheduled to be held from April 5 to 9, 2018 (artistic) and 11 to 13 (rhythmic) at the Coomera Indoor Sports Centre. A total of 14 artistic gymnastics events are scheduled to be held (eight for men and six for women), while six rhythmic gymnastics events are scheduled to be held. There are 21 participating nations in the artistic gymnastics competitions with a total of 98 athletes. The number of athletes a nation entered is in parentheses beside the name of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4775728", "chunk_text": "\"Birmingham bid for the 2022 Commonwealth Games\"\nBirmingham bid for the 2022 Commonwealth Games The Birmingham bid for the 2022 Commonwealth Games was a bid by Birmingham, England and Commonwealth Games England to host the 2022 Commonwealth Games. On 21 December 2017 it was announced that the bid has been successful. Birmingham was actually planning to bid for the 2026 Commonwealth Games. On 13 March 2017, Commonwealth Games Federation stripped Durban, South Africa of their rights to host the 2022 Commonwealth Games and reopened the bid process for the 2022 games. On 19 June 2017 Birmingham announced its bid to host the 2022 Commonwealth Games along with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3307	where can tight junctions be found in the body?	n/a	[ "Internal epithelia", "the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6160912", "chunk_text": "\"Tight junction\"\nTight junction Tight junctions, also known as occluding junctions or zonulae occludentes (singular, zonula occludens) are multiprotein junctional complexes whose general function is to prevent leakage of transported solutes and water and seals the paracellular pathway. Tight junctions may also serve as leaky pathways by forming selective channels for small cations, anions, or water. Tight junctions are present only in vertebrates. The corresponding junctions that occur in invertebrates are septate junctions. Tight junctions are composed of a branching network of sealing strands, each strand acting independently from the others. Therefore, the efficiency of the junction in preventing ion passage increases", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19957409", "chunk_text": "\"Cell–cell interaction\"\ntype can only adhere to cells of the same tissue rather than to a different tissue. Tight junctions are multi-protein complexes that hold cells of a same tissue together and prevent movement of water and water-soluble molecules between cells. In epithelial cells, they function also to separate the extracellular fluid surrounding their apical and basolateral membranes. These junctions exist as a continuous band located just below the apical surface between the membranes of neighboring epithelial cells. The tight junctions on adjacent cells line up so as to produce a seal between different tissues and body cavities. For example, the apical", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6160915", "chunk_text": "\"Tight junction\"\nthe case. Epithelia are classed as \"\"tight\"\" or \"\"leaky\"\", depending on the ability of the tight junctions to prevent water and solute movement: Tight junction Tight junctions, also known as occluding junctions or zonulae occludentes (singular, zonula occludens) are multiprotein junctional complexes whose general function is to prevent leakage of transported solutes and water and seals the paracellular pathway. Tight junctions may also serve as leaky pathways by forming selective channels for small cations, anions, or water. Tight junctions are present only in vertebrates. The corresponding junctions that occur in invertebrates are septate junctions. Tight junctions are composed of a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9125481", "chunk_text": "Epithelium\ndetermines which substances will be able to enter the epithelium. Cell junctions are especially abundant in epithelial tissues. They consist of protein complexes and provide contact between neighbouring cells, between a cell and the extracellular matrix, or they build up the paracellular barrier of epithelia and control the paracellular transport. Cell junctions are the contact points between plasma membrane and tissue cells. There are mainly 5 different types of cell junctions: tight junctions, adherens junctions, desmosomes, hemidesmosomes, and gap junctions. Tight junctions are a pair of trans-membrane protein fused on outer plasma membrane. Adherens junctions are a plaque (protein layer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6160913", "chunk_text": "\"Tight junction\"\nexponentially with the number of strands. Each strand is formed from a row of transmembrane proteins embedded in both plasma membranes, with extracellular domains joining one another directly. There are at least 40 different proteins composing the tight junctions. These proteins consist of both transmembrane and cytoplasmic proteins. The three major transmembrane proteins are occludin, claudins, and junction adhesion molecule (JAM) proteins. These associate with different peripheral membrane proteins such as ZO-1 located on the intracellular side of plasma membrane, which anchor the strands to the actin component of the cytoskeleton. Thus, tight junctions join together the cytoskeletons of adjacent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "349069", "chunk_text": "Claudin\nClaudin Claudins are a family of proteins which, along with occludin, are the most important components of the tight junctions (zonulae occludentes). Tight junctions establish the paracellular barrier that controls the flow of molecules in the intercellular space between the cells of an epithelium. They have four transmembrane domains, with the N-terminus and the C-terminus in the cytoplasm. Claudins are small (20–27 kilodalton (kDa)) transmembrane proteins which are found in many organisms, ranging from nematodes to human beings, and are very similar in their structure, although this conservation is not observed on the genetic level. Claudins span the cellular membrane", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20742991", "chunk_text": "\"Cell adhesion\"\nstrength and resistance to mechanical stress by unloading forces onto the flexible but resilient intermediate filaments, something that cannot occur with the rigid actin filaments. This makes desmosomes important in tissues that encounter high levels of mechanical stress, such as heart muscle and epithelia, and explains why it appears frequently in these types of tissues. Tight junctions are normally present in epithelial and endothelial tissues, where they seal gaps and regulate paracellular transport of solutes and extracellular fluids in these tissues that function as barriers. Tight junction is formed by transmembrane proteins, including claudins, occludins and tricellulins, that bind closely", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17429981", "chunk_text": "\"Cell junction\"\nCell junction A cell junction (or intercellular bridge) is a type of structure that exists within the tissue of some multicellular organisms, such as animals. Cell junctions consist of multiprotein complexes that provide contact between neighboring cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. They also build up the paracellular barrier of epithelia and control the paracellular transport. Cell junctions are especially abundant in epithelial tissues. Cell junctions are especially important in enabling communication between neighboring cells via specialized proteins called communicating junctions. Cell junctions are also important in reducing stress placed upon cells. Combined with cell adhesion molecules", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4926254", "chunk_text": "\"Intercellular cleft\"\nIntercellular cleft An intercellular cleft is a channel between two cells through which molecules may travel and gap junctions and tight junctions may be present. Most notably, intercellular clefts are found between epithelial cells and the endothelium of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, also helping to form the blood-nerve barrier surrounding nerves. Intercellular clefts are important for allowing the transportation of fluids and small solute matter through the endothelium. The dimensions of intercellular clefts vary throughout the body, however cleft lengths have been determined for a series of capillaries. The average cleft length for capillaries is about 20m/cm. The depths", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17429988", "chunk_text": "\"Cell junction\"\nextracellular fluid. Gap junctions play vital roles in the human body, including their role in the uniform contractile of the heart muscle. They are also relevant in signal transfers in the brain, and their absence shows a decreased cell density in the brain. Retinal and skin cells are also dependent on gap junctions in cell differentiation and proliferation. Found in vertebrate epithelia, tight junctions act as barriers that regulate the movement of water and solutes between epithelial layers. Tight junctions are classified as a paracellular barrier which is defined as not having directional discrimination; however, movement of the solute is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9648829", "chunk_text": "\"Mucocutaneous junction\"\nMucocutaneous junction A mucocutaneous junction, or mucocutaneous boundary, is a region of the body in which mucosa transitions to skin. Mucocutaneous zones occur in animals, at the body orifices. In humans, mucocutaneous junctions are found at the lips, nostrils, conjunctivae, urethra, vagina (in females), foreskin (in males), and anus. In the nostrils the mucocutaneous junction has a dense microvascular network, and shows a marked similarity to that found in the mouth, between the oral mucosa and the lips. At a mucocutaneous junction, epithelium transitions to epidermis, lamina propria transitions to dermis, and smooth muscle transitions to skeletal muscle. A mucocutaneous", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7822420", "chunk_text": "\"Intestinal epithelium\"\nand cadherin families. They are located in the membrane at the contact points between the cells. They are formed by interactions between intracellular adapter proteins, transmembrane proteins and the actin cytoskeletons of the cells . Besides their role in linking adjacent cells, these complexes are important for regulating epithelial migration, cell polarity, and the formation of other cell junction complexes. Tight junctions, also called zonula occludens, are the most important components of the intenstinal epithelium for its barrier function. These complexes, formed primarily of members of the claudin and the occludin families, consist of about 35 different proteins, form a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6160914", "chunk_text": "\"Tight junction\"\ncells. Transmembrane proteins: They perform vital functions: In human physiology there are two main types of epithelia using distinct types of barrier mechanism. Epidermal structures such as skin form a barrier from many layers of keratinized squamous cells. Internal epithelia on the other hand more often rely on tight junctions for their barrier function. This kind of barrier is mostly formed by only one or two layers of cells. It was long unclear whether tight cell junctions also play any role in the barrier function of the skin and similar external epithelia but recent research suggests that this is indeed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16811211", "chunk_text": "\"Vaginal epithelium\"\nof structural adhesions between epithelial cells are: tight junctions, adherens junctions, and desmosomes. \"\"Tight junctions (zonula occludens) are composed of transmembrane proteins that make contact across the intercellular space and create a seal to restrict transmembrane proteins difusion. of molecules across the epithelial sheet. Tight junctions also have an organizing role in epithelial polarization by limiting the mobility of membrane-bound molecules between the apical and basolateral domains of the plasma membrane of each epithelial cell. Adherens junctions (zonula adherens) connect bundles of actin filaments from cell to cell to form a continuous adhesion belt, usually just below the microfilaments.\"\" Junction", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6875914", "chunk_text": "\"Stress fiber\"\nadherens junctions. Tight junctions, or zona occludens, are the most important cellular element for the formation of semi-permeable barriers within or between tissues. Tight junctions primarily consist of claudins and occludins, which are membrane proteins that form the cell-cell contact, as well as ZO-1, ZO-2 and ZO-3, which link tight junctions to the actin cytoskeleton. However, tight junctions have not been found to be directly linked to stress fibers, like they are for focal adhesions and adherens junctions. Focal adhesions are macromolecular assemblies that are used to connect cells to the ECM. They consist of three functional layers: an ECM-associated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8754738", "chunk_text": "Connexon\nsmaller units of connexons, called connexins, possibly leading to the onset of heart disease. Cardiovascular disease and diabetes, type I and II, affects similar locations within cells of the heart and pancreas. This location is the gap junction, where connexons facilitate rapid cell-to-cell interactions via electrical transmissions. Gap junctions are often present at nerve endings such as in cardiac muscle and are important in maintaining homeostasis in the liver and proper function of the kidneys.The gap junction itself is a structure that is a specialized transmembrane protein formed by a connexon hemichannel. Cardiovascular disease and possibly type I and II", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19114667", "chunk_text": "\"Cell–cell interaction\"\nsurface of gastrointestinal epithelial cells serve as a selective permeable barrier that separates the external environment from the body. The permeability of these junctions is dependent on a variety of factors including protein makeup of that junction, tissue type and signaling from the cells. Tight junctions are made up of many different proteins. The four main transmembrane proteins are occludin, claudin, junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs) and tricellulins. The extracellular domains of these proteins form the tight junction barrier by making homophilic (between proteins of the same kind) and heterophilic interactions (between different types of proteins) with the protein domains on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20834988", "chunk_text": "\"Tissue (biology)\"\noccluding junctions called tight junctions, to create a selectively permeable barrier. This tissue covers all organismal surfaces that come in contact with the external environment such as the skin, the airways, and the digestive tract. It serves functions of protection, secretion, and absorption, and is separated from other tissues below by a basal lamina. Connective tissues are fibrous tissues. They are made up of cells separated by non-living material, which is called an extracellular matrix. This matrix can be liquid or rigid. For example, blood contains plasma as its matrix and bone's matrix is rigid. Connective tissue gives shape to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "677497", "chunk_text": "\"Adherens junction\"\nAdherens junction Adherens junctions (or zonula adherens, intermediate junction, or \"\"belt desmosome\"\") are protein complexes that occur at cell–cell junctions in epithelial and endothelial tissues, usually more basal than tight junctions. An adherens junction is defined as a cell junction whose cytoplasmic face is linked to the actin cytoskeleton. They can appear as bands encircling the cell (zonula adherens) or as spots of attachment to the extracellular matrix (adhesion plaques). Adherens junctions uniquely disassemble in uterine epithelial cells to allow the blastocyst to penetrate between epithelial cells. A similar cell junction in non-epithelial, non-endothelial cells is the fascia adherens. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17429990", "chunk_text": "\"Cell junction\"\nis the protein molecule responsible for the selective permeability between epithelial layers. A three-dimensional image is still yet to be achieved and as such specific information about the function of tight junctions is yet to be determined. Tricellular junctions seal epithelia at the corners of three cells. Due to the geometry of three-cell vertices, the sealing of the cells at these sites requires a specific junctional organization, different from those in bicellular junctions. In vertebrates, components tricellular junctions are tricellulin and lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptors. In invertebrates, the components are gliotactin and anakonda. Tricellular junctions are also implicated in the regulation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10499549", "chunk_text": "\"Intercellular cleft\"\nof intercellular protein aggregate transfer, particularly routes involving clefts is imperative in understanding the progressive spreading of this infection. Endothelial tight junctions are most commonly found in the intercellular cleft and provide for regulation of diffusion through the membranes. These links are most commonly found in the most apical aspect of the intercellular cleft. They prevent macromolecules from navigating the intercellular cleft and limit the lateral diffusion of intrinsic membrane proteins and lipids between the apical and basolateral cell surface domains. In the intercellular clefts of capillaries, tight junctions are the first structural barriers a neutrophil encounters as it penetrates", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16251931", "chunk_text": "\"Intestinal epithelium\"\nring shaped continuous ribbon around the cells, and are located near the borders of the lateral and apical membranes. The extracellular domains of the transmembrane proteins in adjacent cells cross connect to form a tight seal. These interactions include those between proteins in the same membrane (\"\"cis\"\") and proteins in adjacent cells (\"\"trans\"\"). In addition, interactions can be homophilic (between identical proteins) or heterophilic (between different proteins). Similar to adherens junctions, the intracellular domains of tight junctions interact with different scaffold proteins, adapter proteins and signaling complexes to regulate cytoskeletal linking, cell polarity, cell signaling and vesical trafficking. Tight junctions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9648830", "chunk_text": "\"Mucocutaneous junction\"\njunction is often the site of an arterial anastomosis, a watershed area of venous and lymphatic drainage, and sensory (but not motor) nerve overlap. Winkelmann (1959) reported the mucocutaneous boundary is a \"\"specific erogenous zone with rete ridges where the nerve endings rise closer to the surface\"\". Mucocutaneous junction A mucocutaneous junction, or mucocutaneous boundary, is a region of the body in which mucosa transitions to skin. Mucocutaneous zones occur in animals, at the body orifices. In humans, mucocutaneous junctions are found at the lips, nostrils, conjunctivae, urethra, vagina (in females), foreskin (in males), and anus. In the nostrils the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "922433", "chunk_text": "CLDN1\nand a component of tight junction strands. Loss of function mutations result in neonatal ichthyosis-sclerosing cholangitis syndrome. CLDN1 has been shown to interact with CLDN5 and CLDN3. CLDN1 Claudin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the \"\"CLDN1\"\" gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Tight junctions represent one mode of cell-to-cell adhesion in epithelial or endothelial cell sheets, forming continuous seals around cells and serving as a physical barrier to prevent solutes and water from passing freely through the paracellular space. These junctions are composed of sets of continuous networking strands in the outwardly facing cytoplasmic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3866165", "chunk_text": "\"Cell communication (biology)\"\ndo not allow the cells to pass materials between each other like in gap junction. Desmosome junctions connect the cell with a thread like substance that also connect to the cytoskeleton aiding in the structural support of the cell. These types of junctions are found in areas of the body that undergo a lot of stress, require a lot of flexibility, and movement such as the epidermis and intestines. The breakdown of cell communication result in many forms of diseases and the different types of communication breakdown produce different diseases. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the product when a signal is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5344783", "chunk_text": "\"Drug delivery to the brain\"\nallow larger molecules to pass between them. The structure of these tight junctions was first determined in the 1960s by Tom Reese, Morris Kranovsky and Milton Brightman. These tight junctions are formed through the tight apposition of the endothelial cells with one another. Furthermore, astrocytic, \"\"end feet\"\" \"\"the terminal regions of the astrocytic processes surround the outside of the capillary endothelial cell\"\". The astrocytes are glial cells that are restricted to the brain and spinal cord that work to maintain an appropriate environment for neural signaling. The connection between these glial and endothelial cells is not very well known but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11177235", "chunk_text": "Epidermis\nno blood supply and is nourished almost exclusively by diffused oxygen from the surrounding air. Epidermal cells are tightly interconnected to serve as a tight barrier against the exterior environment. The junctions between the epidermal cells are of the adherens junction type, formed by transmembrane proteins called cadherins. Inside the cell, the cadherins are linked to actin filaments. In immunofluorescence microscopy, the actin filament network appears as a thick border surrounding the cells, although the actin filaments are actually located inside the cell and run parallel to the cell membrane. Because of the proximity of the neighboring cells and tightness", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "922432", "chunk_text": "CLDN1\nCLDN1 Claudin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the \"\"CLDN1\"\" gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Tight junctions represent one mode of cell-to-cell adhesion in epithelial or endothelial cell sheets, forming continuous seals around cells and serving as a physical barrier to prevent solutes and water from passing freely through the paracellular space. These junctions are composed of sets of continuous networking strands in the outwardly facing cytoplasmic leaflet, with complementary grooves in the inwardly facing extracytoplasmic leaflet. The protein encoded by this gene, a member of the claudin family, is an integral membrane protein", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11079411", "chunk_text": "\"Loose connective tissue\"\ntissue, whose blood vessels provide the epithelium with nutrition, waste removal, and a ready supply of infection-fighting leukocytes when needed. Because of the abundance of open, fluid-filled space, leukocytes can move about freely in areolar tissue and can easily find and destroy pathogens. The areolar tissue is found beneath the dermis layer and is also underneath the epithelial tissue of all the body systems that have external openings. It is also a component of the lamina propria of the digestive and respiratory tracts, the mucous membranes of reproductive and urinary systems, the stroma of glands, and the hypodermis of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6981248", "chunk_text": "\"Intestinal epithelium\"\nprovide a narrow but modifiable seal between adjacent cells in the epithelial layer and thereby provide selective paracellular transport of solutes. While previously thought to be static structures, tight junctions are now known to be dynamic and can change the size of the opening between cells and thereby adapt to the different states of development, physiologies and pathologies. They function as a selective and semipermeable paracellular barrier between apical and basolateral compartments of the epithelial layer. They function to facilitate the passage of small ions and water-soluble solutes through the paracellular space while preventing the passage of luminal antigens, microorganisms", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1160733", "chunk_text": "\"Head and neck anatomy\"\n(BBB) is semi-permeable membrane that controls the capillary leak potential of the circulatory system. In most parts of the body, the smallest blood vessels, called capillaries, are lined with endothelial cells, which have small spaces between each individual cell so substances can move readily between the inside and the outside of the capillary. This is not in the case of brain. In the brain, the endothelial cells fit tightly together to create a tight junction and substances cannot pass out of the bloodstream. Specialized glial cells called astrocytes form a tight junction or protective barrier around brain blood vessels and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3866164", "chunk_text": "\"Cell communication (biology)\"\nnervous system. Tight signals are just about what the sound like. The 2 cells are squished up against each other, directly connecting the 2 cells membranes, but the contents of the cell are not connected since there is no tube running between the cells. This type of cell connection takes place where certain fluids need to be contained in certain parts of the body like intestines, kidneys, and the bladder. This junction forms a water tight seal, prohibiting the fluids contained in these organs from circulating at will through the body. Desmosome cell junctions physically hold the cells together, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17917889", "chunk_text": "\"Segmentation in the human nervous system\"\nof the plates is maintained constant. Although intercellular connections mechanisms such as gap junctions and tight junctions are formed in the cells of the segmental plates, tight junctions are not involved in large network of cells as observed commonly in mature epithelium. A cell-cell adhesion chemical, namely calcium dependent N-cadherin, is present at varying concentrations in the anterior and posterior parts as it is expressed at a higher concentration in the anterior portion of the segmental plate and at lower concentration at the posterior part. During segmentation, the concentration of N-cadherin increases at the apical portion of the cell surface.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11079410", "chunk_text": "\"Loose connective tissue\"\nwidely dispersed in this tissue; they are irregular branching cells that secrete strong fibrous proteins and proteoglycans as an extracellular matrix. The cells of this type of tissue are generally connected by a gelatinous substance known as ground substance primarily made up of collagenous and elastic fibers. It may be found in tissue sections from almost every part of the body. It surrounds blood vessels and nerves and penetrates with them even into the small spaces of muscles, tendons, and other tissues. It may likewise be present in the mediastinal extremities. Nearly every epithelium rests on a layer of areolar", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1132489", "chunk_text": "Cingulin\nCingulin Cingulin (CGN; from the Latin \"\"cingere\"\" “to form a belt around”) is a cytosolic protein encoded by the \"\"CGN\"\" gene in humans localized at tight junctions (TJs) of vertebrate epithelial and endothelial cells. Cingulin was originally discovered at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Cambridge, UK) by Dr. Sandra Citi, as a protein present in chicken intestinal epithelial cells, that co-purified with non-muscle myosin II and was specifically localized at tight junctions (\"\"zonulae occludentes\"\"). Cingulin is a homodimer, each subunit containing a N-terminal globular \"\"head\"\" domain, a long α-helical coiled-coil \"\"rod\"\" domain and a small globular C-terminal \"\"tail\"\" region.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2869799", "chunk_text": "Capillary\nand therefore utilize gaps present in cell junctions to permit transfer between endothelial cells, and hence across the membrane. Sinusoid blood vessels are primarily located in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and adrenal glands. Some sinusoids are distinctive in that they do not have the tight junctions between cells. They are called \"\"discontinuous sinusoidal capillaries\"\", and are present in the liver and spleen, where greater movement of cells and materials is necessary. A capillary wall is only 1 cell thick and is simple squamous epithelium. The capillary wall performs an important function by allowing nutrients and waste substances to pass", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11079408", "chunk_text": "\"Loose connective tissue\"\nLoose connective tissue Loose connective tissue is a category of connective tissue which includes areolar tissue, reticular tissue, and adipose tissue. Loose connective tissue is the most common type of connective tissue in vertebrates. It holds organs in place and attaches epithelial tissue to other underlying tissues. For example, it forms telae, such as the tela submucosa and tela subserosa, which connect mucous and serous membranes to the muscular layer. It also surrounds the blood vessels and nerves. Cells called fibroblasts are widely dispersed in this tissue; they are irregular branching cells that secrete strong fibrous proteins and proteoglycans as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17429984", "chunk_text": "\"Cell junction\"\nas rivets through the plasma membrane of adjacent cells. Intermediate filaments composed of keratin or desmin are attached to membrane-associated attachment proteins that form a dense plaque on the cytoplasmic face of the membrane. Cadherin molecules form the actual anchor by attaching to the cytoplasmic plaque, extending through the membrane and binding strongly to cadherins coming through the membrane of the adjacent cell. Hemidesmosomes form rivet-like links between cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix components such as the basal laminae that underlie epithelia. Like desmosomes, they tie to intermediate filaments in the cytoplasm, but in contrast to desmosomes, their transmembrane anchors are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9754265", "chunk_text": "\"Gap junction\"\ngoldfish and hamster pressure sensing acoustico-vestibular receptors, lamprey and tunicate heart, rat seminiferous tubules, myometrium, eye lens and cephalopod digestive epithelium. Since the 1970s gap junctions have continued to be found in nearly all animal cells that touch each other. By the 1990s new technology such as confocal microscopy allowed more rapid survey of large areas of tissue. Since the 1970s even tissues that were traditionally considered to possibly have isolated cells such as bone showed that the cells were still connected with gap junctions, however tenuously. Gap junctions appear to be in all animal organs and tissues and it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8359858", "chunk_text": "\"Tight junction protein 1\"\nanchors Tight Junction (TJ) strand proteins, which are fibril-like structures within the lipid bilayer, to the actin cytoskeleton. This gene encodes a protein located on a cytoplasmic membrane surface of intercellular tight junctions. The encoded protein may be involved in signal transduction at cell–cell junctions. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. Tight junction protein 1 has been shown to interact with: Tight junction protein 1 Zonula occludens-1 ZO-1, also known as Tight junction protein-1 is a 220-kD peripheral membrane protein that is encoded by the \"\"TJP1\"\" gene in humans. It belongs to the family", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8359857", "chunk_text": "\"Tight junction protein 1\"\nTight junction protein 1 Zonula occludens-1 ZO-1, also known as Tight junction protein-1 is a 220-kD peripheral membrane protein that is encoded by the \"\"TJP1\"\" gene in humans. It belongs to the family of \"\"zona occludens proteins\"\" (ZO-1, ZO-2, and ZO-3), which are tight junction-associated proteins and of which, ZO-1 is the first to be cloned. It was first isolated in 1986 by Stevenson and Goodenough using a monoclonal antibody raised in rodent liver to recognise a 225-kD polypeptide in whole liver homogenates and in tight junction-enriched membrane fractions. It has a role as a scaffold protein which cross-links and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17842269", "chunk_text": "Occludin\n(BLC-PMG). BLC-PMG is an autosomal recessive neurologic disorder. Occludin has been shown to interact with Tight junction protein 2, YES1 and Tight junction protein 1. Occludin Occludin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the \"\"OCLN\"\" gene. Occludin is a 65-kDa (522-amino acid polypeptide -human) integral plasma-membrane protein located at the tight junctions, described for the first time in 1993 by Shoichiro Tsukita. Together with the Claudin group of proteins, it is the main component of the tight junctions. The OCLN gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 5 at position q13.1. The gene starts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17429989", "chunk_text": "\"Cell junction\"\nlargely dependent upon size and charge. There is evidence to suggest that the structures in which solutes pass through are somewhat like pores. Physiological pH plays a part in the selectivity of solutes passing through tight junctions with most tight junctions being slightly selective for cations. Tight junctions present in different types of epithelia are selective for solutes of differing size, charge, and polarity. There have been approximately 40 proteins identified to be involved in tight junctions. These proteins can be classified into four major categories; scaffolding proteins, signalling proteins, regulation proteins, and transmembrane proteins. It is believed that claudin", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "192639", "chunk_text": "CLDN3\nCLDN3 Claudin 3, also known as CLDN3, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the \"\"CLDN3\"\" gene. It is a member of the claudin protein family. Tight junctions represent one mode of cell-to-cell adhesion in epithelial or endothelial cell sheets, forming continuous seals around cells and serving as a physical barrier to prevent solutes and water from passing freely through the paracellular space. These junctions are composed of sets of continuous networking strands in the outwardly facing cytoplasmic leaflet, with complementary grooves in the inwardly facing extracytoplasmic leaflet. The protein encoded by this intron-less gene, a member of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20742992", "chunk_text": "\"Cell adhesion\"\nto each other on adjacent membranes in a homophilic manner. Similar to anchoring junctions, intracellular domains of these tight junction proteins are bound with scaffold proteins that keep these proteins in clusters and link them to actin filaments in order to maintain structure of the tight junction. Claudins, essential for formation of tight junctions, form paracellular pores which allow selective passage of specific ions across tight junctions making the barrier selectively permeable. Gap junctions are composed of channels called connexons, which consist of transmembrane proteins called connexins clustered in groups of six. Connexons from adjacent cells form continuous channels when", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5981977", "chunk_text": "\"Lymph node\"\nMedullary sinuses contain histiocytes (immobile macrophages) and reticular cells. Lymph nodes are present throughout the body, are more concentrated near and within the trunk, and are divided in the study of anatomy into groups. Some lymph nodes can be felt when enlarged (and occasionally when not), such as the axillary lymph nodes under the arm, the cervical lymph nodes of the head and neck and the inguinal lymph nodes near the groin crease. Some lymph nodes can be seen, such as the tonsils. Most lymph nodes however lie within the trunk adjacent to other major structures in the body -", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17842263", "chunk_text": "Occludin\nOccludin Occludin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the \"\"OCLN\"\" gene. Occludin is a 65-kDa (522-amino acid polypeptide -human) integral plasma-membrane protein located at the tight junctions, described for the first time in 1993 by Shoichiro Tsukita. Together with the Claudin group of proteins, it is the main component of the tight junctions. The OCLN gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 5 at position q13.1. The gene starts at base pair 69,492,292 and goes to base pair 69,558,104 and is 65,813 base pairs long. Occludin's structure can be broken down into 9 domains.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14958539", "chunk_text": "\"Gap junction\"\nchannel is composed of two connexons (or hemichannels), which connect across the intercellular space. Gap junctions are analogous to the plasmodesmata that join plant cells. Gap junctions occur in virtually all tissues of the body, with the exception of adult fully developed skeletal muscle and mobile cell types such as sperm or erythrocytes. Gap junctions, however, are not found in simpler organisms such as sponges and slime molds. In vertebrates, gap junction hemichannels are primarily homo- or hetero-hexamers of connexin proteins. Invertebrate gap junctions comprise proteins from the innexin family. Innexins have no significant sequence homology with connexins. Though differing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14958542", "chunk_text": "\"Gap junction\"\nup gap junction channels. An alternative naming system based on this protein's molecular weight is also popular (for example: connexin43=GJA1, connexin30.3=GJB4). A connexon channel pair: To date, five different functions have been ascribed to gap junction protein: Gap Junctions have been observed in various animal organs and tissues where cells contact each other. From the 1950s to 1970s they were detected in crayfish nerves, rat pancreas, liver, adrenal cortex, epididymis, duodenum, muscle, Daphnia hepatic caecum, Hydra muscle, monkey retina, rabbit cornea, fish blastoderm, frog embryos, rabbit ovary, re-aggregating cells, cockroach hemocyte capsules, rabbit skin, chick embryos, human islet of Langerhans,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19957411", "chunk_text": "\"Cell–cell interaction\"\nadjacent cells. Their cytoplasmic domains interact with the cell cytoskeleton to anchor them. Of the three types of anchoring junctions, only two are involved in cell-cell interactions: adherens junctions and desmosomes. Both are found in many types of cells. Adjacent epithelial cells are connected by adherens junctions on their lateral membranes. They are located just below tight junctions. Their function is to give shape and tension to cells and tissues and they are also the site of cell-cell signaling. Adherens junctions are made of cell adhesion molecules from the cadherin family. There are over 100 types of cadherins, corresponding to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3308	who sang one bad apple spoils the bunch?	n/a	[ "The Osmonds" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1702843", "chunk_text": "\"One Bad Apple\"\nOne Bad Apple \"\"One Bad Apple\"\" was a number-one hit single released by The Osmonds on November 14, 1970. It debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 on January 2, 1971. It hit the top of the chart on February 13, 1971 and stayed there for five weeks. It also reached number six on the R&B chart. \"\"Billboard\"\" ranked it as the No. 4 song for 1971. Both \"\"One Bad Apple\"\" and the Donny Osmond-credited single \"\"Sweet and Innocent\"\" are on the 1970 album \"\"Osmonds\"\". It was certified Gold by the RIAA on February 4, 1971. The song was written by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1702844", "chunk_text": "\"One Bad Apple\"\nGeorge Jackson, who originally had the Jackson 5 in mind when he wrote it. According to Donny Osmond, Michael Jackson later told him that the Jackson 5 almost recorded this song first, but chose to record \"\"ABC\"\" instead. \"\"One Bad Apple\"\" was also used as the theme to \"\"The Osmonds\"\" cartoon show on ABC-TV. One Bad Apple \"\"One Bad Apple\"\" was a number-one hit single released by The Osmonds on November 14, 1970. It debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 on January 2, 1971. It hit the top of the chart on February 13, 1971 and stayed there for five", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "448068", "chunk_text": "\"The Osmonds\"\nOsmonds get a record contract with MGM Records and arranged for them to record at Muscle Shoals with R&B producer Rick Hall. Under Hall's guidance, the Osmonds hit the top spot on the pop chart with \"\"One Bad Apple\"\" in 1971. The song, \"\"One Bad Apple\"\", written by George Jackson, who had The Jackson Five in mind when he wrote it, was originally presented to Motown executive Berry Gordy for The Jackson Five to record but he turned it down. It was then presented to MGM Records for The Osmonds, and it became their first number-one hit single, released on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2818259", "chunk_text": "\"Osmonds (album)\"\nOsmonds (album) Osmonds is the sixth album released by The Osmonds, the first under MGM as The Osmonds and the first to feature Donny. The first single from the album, \"\"One Bad Apple\"\", became a number-one hit according to the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 singles chart. The second single from the album, \"\"Sweet and Innocent\"\", reached number seven, with the single sleeve crediting group member Donny Osmond as the artist. The album reached number 14 on the Billboard Top Lps chart on February 27, 1971. It was certified Gold by the RIAA on September 13, 1971. Dave Thompson of AllMusic criticised", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10764500", "chunk_text": "\"The Jackson 5\"\nand Michael joked he became really tired of it!\"\" The song \"\"One Bad Apple\"\", written by George Jackson, who had the Jackson Five in mind when he wrote it, was originally presented to Motown Record's Chairman of the Board Berry Gordy for the group to record, but he turned it down. It was then presented to MGM Records for the Osmonds. \"\"One Bad Apple\"\", which the Osmonds recorded in a similar style to the songs of the Jackson 5 at the time, reached number one and began a string of several hits for the Osmonds. Both bands followed a similar", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2818260", "chunk_text": "\"Osmonds (album)\"\nthe album's \"\"Motown medley that contrarily ranks among the least soulful excursions you could imagine\"\" and said that the album \"\"nevertheless finds them [the Osmonds] still putting performance ahead of personality, and barely hinting at the heights they would soon be scaling\"\". Osmonds (album) Osmonds is the sixth album released by The Osmonds, the first under MGM as The Osmonds and the first to feature Donny. The first single from the album, \"\"One Bad Apple\"\", became a number-one hit according to the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 singles chart. The second single from the album, \"\"Sweet and Innocent\"\", reached number seven, with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5751735", "chunk_text": "\"Joe Jones (singer)\"\nband, Joe Jones and his Atomic Rebops, in the late 1940s; band members played on Roy Brown's 1947 hit \"\"Good Rocking Tonight\"\". He was expelled from the New Orleans local chapter of the American Federation of Musicians for attempting to set up a rival organization but was later reinstated. He became a valet, then pianist and arranger for B.B. King, and recorded his first solo single, \"\"Adam Bit the Apple\"\", for Capitol Records in 1954. He also discovered Shirley and Lee, whose recording of \"\"Let the Good Times Roll\"\" became a hit in 1956. In 1960, a re-recording of a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14534240", "chunk_text": "\"FAME Studios\"\nafter having been nominated for a Grammy Award in the same category. As the hits kept coming, Hall expanded into the area of teen pop hits with the Osmonds, a vocal group from Utah, featuring the younger brother Donny Osmond. The collaboration resulted in the hit \"\"One Bad Apple\"\" in 1970, among others, and helped Hall to become named \"\"Producer of the Year\"\" in 1971. As the decade of the 70s rolled in, FAME moved back towards country music, producing hits for Mac Davis, Bobbie Gentry, Jerry Reed, and the Gatlin Brothers. Successful singers working at FAME included Bobbie Gentry,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20577302", "chunk_text": "\"Bad Company (song)\"\nBad Company (song) \"\"Bad Company\"\" is a song by the hard rock band Bad Company. It was released as the third single from their debut album \"\"Bad Company\"\" in 1974, although it did not chart (in America). Co-written by the group's lead singer Paul Rodgers and drummer Simon Kirke, the song's meaning comes from a book on Victorian morals. The song uses the same chords and piano figure as Joni Mitchell's song \"\"Woodstock\"\" from 1970. It is an eponymous song. Tori Amos performed the song at a number of concerts in 1994 and 1996. Bill Champlin did a cover of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13203228", "chunk_text": "\"The Spokesmen\"\nThe Spokesmen The Spokesmen were an American pop music trio. They scored a hit single in the U.S. in 1965 with the tune \"\"The Dawn of Correction\"\", which was a partially sarcastic counterpoint and answer record to Barry McGuire's protest song, \"\"Eve of Destruction\"\". The song was written by the group's members, John Medora, David White, and Ray Gilmore, the latter a long time radio personality at WIBG (Wibbage) 990AM in Philadelphia, Pa. The tune hit #36 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart. They also released a cover version on a 45 rpm of the Beatles' \"\"Michelle\"\" on Decca Records", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13203229", "chunk_text": "\"The Spokesmen\"\nthat got significant airplay on WIBG. Co-composers White and Medora had previously co-written several hit singles, including \"\"At the Hop\"\" for Danny and the Juniors; \"\"You Don't Own Me\"\" for Lesley Gore; and \"\"1-2-3\"\" for Len Barry. The Spokesmen The Spokesmen were an American pop music trio. They scored a hit single in the U.S. in 1965 with the tune \"\"The Dawn of Correction\"\", which was a partially sarcastic counterpoint and answer record to Barry McGuire's protest song, \"\"Eve of Destruction\"\". The song was written by the group's members, John Medora, David White, and Ray Gilmore, the latter a long", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8188245", "chunk_text": "\"One Bad Thing\"\nOne Bad Thing \"\"One Bad Thing\"\" is a song written by Barry Gibb in 1969, with Maurice Gibb Re-recorded by Gibb for his debut solo LP \"\"The Kid's No Good\"\". The original copyright of the song was originally credited to Barry and Maurice, but the other versions credited only to Barry alone. \"\"One Bad Thing\"\" was re-recorded by Barry on 23 March 1970 for his first album \"\"The Kid's No Good\"\", same day as \"\"Happiness\"\", but the album was not released, Barry was also proposed \"\"One Bad Thing\"\" as the second single from the album (after \"\"I'll Kiss Your Memory\"\")", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2935781", "chunk_text": "\"The Road Apples\"\nThe Road Apples The Road Apples were an American pop rock group from Cambridge, Massachusetts. Their lead singer/guitarist was David Finnerty. The other band members were Flip Morse (lead guitar and vocals), Bard Richmond (bass guitar and vocals), Jean-Do Sifantus (drums), and Chuck Eisenhardt (the original keyboard player, later replaced by Wally Baier). The group charted two singles on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in the mid-1970s. Their first single \"\"Let's Live Together\"\" rose to No. 35 on that chart. A follow-up release \"\"Holding On\"\" b/w \"\"Good Lovin' Woman\"\" also entered the Hot 100 and rose to No. 77. The Road", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16947255", "chunk_text": "\"Apple of Sodom (song)\"\nApple of Sodom (song) \"\"Apple of Sodom\"\" is a song recorded by American rock band Marilyn Manson for the soundtrack to David Lynch's 1997 film \"\"Lost Highway\"\". It was written by the band's eponymous vocalist and produced by Manson with Sean Beavan. Lynch personally chose the band to contribute music to the soundtrack as he found Manson inspiring, and because of the band's commercial viability. An industrial song about obsession, \"\"Apple of Sodom\"\" was named after the eponymous fruit, and was inspired by Manson's feelings about singer Fiona Apple. The song was followed by multiple collaborations between Manson and Lynch.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12368717", "chunk_text": "\"David Peel (musician)\"\nDavid Peel (musician) David Peel (born David Michael Rosario; August 3, 1942 – April 6, 2017) was a New York City-based musician who first recorded in the late 1960s with Harold Black, Billy Joe White, George Cori and Larry Adam performing as David Peel and The Lower East Side Band. His raw, acoustic \"\"street rock\"\" with lyrics about marijuana and \"\"bad cops\"\" appealed mostly to hippies and the disenfranchised. In 1968, Peel was contracted by Elektra Records when he was first discovered and recorded two \"\"envelope pushers\"\" for the label. His album \"\"Have a Marijuana\"\" peaked at No. 186 on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1860461", "chunk_text": "\"Sitting on Top of the World\"\nFitzgerald sang, \"\"If you don't like my peaches, why do you shake my tree? / Stay out of my orchard, and let my peach tree be\"\". In 1929 Blind Lemon Jefferson recorded \"\"Peach Orchard Mama\"\" (\"\"... you swore nobody'd pick your fruit but me / I found three kid men shaking down your peaches free\"\"). In later years lines using similar imagery were used in \"\"Matchbox\"\" by Carl Perkins and Jerry Lee Lewis; \"\"The Joker\"\" by the Steve Miller Band; an early version of \"\"Pipeliner Blues\"\" by Moon Mullican; and, most directly, \"\"If You Don't Want My Peaches, Don't Shake", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16438432", "chunk_text": "\"Rotten Apple (album)\"\nRotten Apple (album) Rotten Apple is the second studio album by G-Unit rapper Lloyd Banks, released October 10, 2006 on G-Unit Records and Interscope Records. The title of the album is a play on the New York City nickname, \"\"The Big Apple\"\". The album cover also resembles the cover of the film, \"\"King of New York\"\". Originally the album was titled, \"\"The Big Withdrawal\"\", however two women Banks had a ménage à trois with in 2005 leaked an unmastered copy of the album he had left at their home. The album was scrapped and soon after, Banks began working on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13750169", "chunk_text": "\"Big Apple (song)\"\nBig Apple (song) \"\"Big Apple\"\" is a song written and performed by the British band Kajagoogoo. Released in September 1983, it was the first single to be taken from the band's second album \"\"Islands\"\" (1984), and their first song without lead singer Limahl, who had been fired from the band earlier that year. From this single onwards, lead vocals were performed by bassist Nick Beggs. The song became the group's fourth Top 20 hit in the United Kingdom, peaking at number eight (though was less successful in the United States, where the band are still considered to be a one-hit", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19050725", "chunk_text": "\"Apple of My Eye (song)\"\nApple of My Eye (song) \"\"Apple of My Eye\"\" is a song recorded by the rock/pop band Badfinger for inclusion on their 1973 album, \"\"Ass.\"\" The song was written and sung by Pete Ham, produced by Chris Thomas and Badfinger, and released on Apple Records. Ham wrote the song about his mixed feelings upon the band's leaving Apple Records (which was the \"\"apple of my eye\"\" to Ham) to pursue a larger contract by moving to Warner Bros. Records. The same concern is reflected on the \"\"Ass\"\" album cover, which shows a donkey following a carrot into the distance. Coincidentally,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5086235", "chunk_text": "\"Juicy Fruit\"\none of the two men who killed the Clutter family in Kansas in 1959. \"\"Grapefruit—Juicy Fruit\"\" is a song written and performed by American popular music singer songwriter Jimmy Buffett. It was first released on his 1973 album \"\"A White Sport Coat and a Pink Crustacean\"\" and was his third single from that album. The single reached #23 on the Billboard Easy Listening chart in September 1973. Juicy Fruit is mentioned in the Regina Spektor song \"\"Wallet\"\", from her album \"\"Far\"\". It is referenced in the film \"\"One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest\"\" by Chief Bromden: \"\"Mmm, Juicy Fruit\"\". It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13095241", "chunk_text": "\"Wipe the Windows, Check the Oil, Dollar Gas\"\nand now being played shortly after the band lost Berry Oakley, illustrated the group's mixture of lament and resolve. The album's title is derived from the song \"\"Too Much Monkey Business\"\" by Chuck Berry. Album cover art was by Jim Evans. Sides one and two recorded at Winterland, San Francisco, California, September 26, 1973. Track 1 of side three recorded at The Warehouse, New Orleans, Louisiana, December 31, 1972. Track 2 of side three recorded at the Summer Jam at Watkins Glen, New York, July 28, 1973. Track 3 of side three and 1 and 2 of side four recorded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4966673", "chunk_text": "\"Bad, Bad Leroy Brown\"\nthe \"\"Theme from Shaft\"\". Bad, Bad Leroy Brown \"\"Bad, Bad Leroy Brown\"\" is a song written by American folk rock singer Jim Croce. Released as part of his 1973 album \"\"Life and Times\"\", the song was a Number One pop hit for him, spending two weeks at the top of the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in July 1973. \"\"Billboard\"\" ranked it as the No. 2 song for 1973. Croce was nominated for two 1973 Grammy awards in the Pop Male Vocalist and Record of the Year categories for \"\"Bad, Bad Leroy Brown\"\". It was his last number-one single before his death", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20513813", "chunk_text": "\"George Jackson (songwriter)\"\nGeorge Jackson (songwriter) George Henry Jackson (March 12, 1945 – April 14, 2013) was an American blues, rhythm & blues, rock and soul songwriter and singer. His prominence was as a prolific and skilled songwriter; he wrote or co-wrote many hit songs for other musicians, including \"\"Down Home Blues,\"\" \"\"One Bad Apple\"\", \"\"Old Time Rock and Roll\"\" and \"\"The Only Way Is Up\"\". As a southern soul singer he recorded fifteen singles between 1963 and 1985, with some success. Jackson was born in Indianola, Mississippi, and moved with his family to Greenville at the age of five. He started writing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19840476", "chunk_text": "\"Trooper (band)\"\nTrooper (band) Trooper is a Canadian rock band that developed from a group formed by vocalist Ramon McGuire and guitarist Brian Smith in 1975. The group is best known for its Canadian hits: \"\"Raise a Little Hell\"\", \"\"We're Here for a Good Time (Not a Long Time)\"\", \"\"The Boys in the Bright White Sports Car\"\", \"\"General Hand Grenade\"\", \"\"3 Dressed Up as a 9\"\", \"\"Janine\"\", \"\"Two for the Show\"\", \"\"Oh, Pretty Lady\"\", and \"\"Santa Maria\"\". 1967, Ra McGuire and Brian Smith played in a band called Winter's Green, which recorded two songs, \"\"Are You a Monkey\"\" and \"\"Jump in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14820238", "chunk_text": "Hurriganes\nthe concert venue Folkpark's record in audience numbers several times. The same in 1975, when Hurriganes released the album \"\"Crazy Days\"\", which reached diamond disk status quickly, but never did beat the \"\"Roadrunner\"\" album in terms of sales. \"\"Crazy Days\"\" contained one major hit, originally released by Jim & The Beatmakers in 1964: \"\"My Only One\"\", which had long been on Hurriganes's concert repertoire, a song sung by Cisse in a bravura performance until the end. The album also covered the Lennon-McCartney composition \"\"Bad to Me\"\". After \"\"Crazy Days\"\", \"\"Hot Wheels\"\"s sound was rawer and heavier than its predecessor. This", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16066866", "chunk_text": "\"All Hands on the Bad One\"\nthe Bad One\"\" features guitar riffs that are reminiscent of the band's second album, \"\"Call the Doctor\"\". It was chosen as the title track because, according to guitarist Carrie Brownstein, it is the song that best represents the sentiment of the album. Brownstein explained that the song deals with \"\"your relationship to evil and your relationship to the hypocrisy of forcing a morality on someone else when you yourself are no better.\"\" She added, \"\"'Ballad of the Ladyman', for instance—who is 'the ladyman'? Is the person that wants to be on the radio, 'the bad one,' or is it the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19500716", "chunk_text": "\"Record Plant\"\nband, Attitudes. One of the Keltner jam sessions in late December 1973 became known later as \"\"Too Many Cooks\"\". Under the leadership of John Lennon, an all-star lineup performed an extended version of the blues song \"\"Too Many Cooks (Spoil the Soup)\"\", with Mick Jagger on lead vocals, Keltner on drums, Kortchmar and Jesse Ed Davis on guitars, Al Kooper on keyboards, Bobby Keys playing tenor saxophone, Trevor Lawrence on baritone saxophone, Jack Bruce on bass and Harry Nilsson singing background vocals. Jagger was uncomfortable stretching to reach the top of his vocal range, and he grew unhappy with the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2437747", "chunk_text": "\"Let's Be Bad (song)\"\nLet's Be Bad (song) \"\"Let's Be Bad\"\" is an original song introduced in the fifth episode of the first season of the musical TV series Smash, entitled \"\"Let's Be Bad\"\". It was written by Marc Shaiman and Scott Wittman, but within the show's universe, it was written by the songwriting team Tom Levitt (Christian Borle) and Julia Houston (Debra Messing) for the \"\"Bombshell\"\" musical they are working on about Marilyn Monroe. In the episode, the setting has Ivy Lynn (Megan Hilty) and the ensemble of \"\"Bombshell\"\" in a rehearsal room working on the song, while the show cuts away to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17383470", "chunk_text": "\"Eve of Destruction (song)\"\nwill grin, and shoo us away\"\". Eve of Destruction (song) \"\"Eve of Destruction\"\" is a protest song written by P. F. Sloan in mid-1964. Several artists have recorded it, but the best-known recording was by Barry McGuire. This recording was made between July 12 and July 15, 1965, and released by Dunhill Records. The accompanying musicians were top-tier Los Angeles session players: P. F. Sloan on guitar, Hal Blaine (of Phil Spector's Wrecking Crew) on drums, and Larry Knechtel on bass guitar. The vocal track was thrown on as a rough mix and was not intended to be the final", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7082691", "chunk_text": "\"Bad Day (R.E.M. song)\"\nBad Day (R.E.M. song) \"\"Bad Day\"\" is a song recorded by American alternative rock band R.E.M.. It is one of two previously unreleased songs from their 2003 compilation album, \"\"\"\", and was released as the album's lead single in October 2003. The song first appeared in 1985, when Michael Stipe sang a few words of it during a concert in Albany, New York, as part of the Reconstruction tour. Then, around the time of \"\"Lifes Rich Pageant\"\", the song emerged in a more polished version with the title \"\"PSA\"\"—an abbreviation for \"\"public service announcement\"\". An anti-media rant inspired by a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15617402", "chunk_text": "\"The Monks (UK band)\"\nD'Arcy's website. Their song \"\"Ain't Gettin' Any\"\" was covered by The Slickee Boys, and appears on their live album \"\"A Postcard from the Day\"\". The Monks (UK band) The Monks were an English pop punk/new wave band, formed in the late 1970s by three former members of Strawbs—Richard Hudson (guitar), John Ford (vocals, guitars, synthesisers) and Brian Willoughby—along with Terry Cassidy (vocals and synthesisers) and Clive Pierce (drums). Their first album, \"\"Bad Habits\"\", was recorded and released in 1979 after the success of \"\"Nice Legs Shame About Her Face\"\", which reached number 19 in the UK Singles Chart. The song", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "298020", "chunk_text": "\"Bad, Bad Leroy Brown\"\nBad, Bad Leroy Brown \"\"Bad, Bad Leroy Brown\"\" is a song written by American folk rock singer Jim Croce. Released as part of his 1973 album \"\"Life and Times\"\", the song was a Number One pop hit for him, spending two weeks at the top of the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in July 1973. \"\"Billboard\"\" ranked it as the No. 2 song for 1973. Croce was nominated for two 1973 Grammy awards in the Pop Male Vocalist and Record of the Year categories for \"\"Bad, Bad Leroy Brown\"\". It was his last number-one single before his death on September 20 of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14766175", "chunk_text": "\"Song structure\"\nMacDonald\"\", \"\"Amazing Grace\"\", \"\"The Thrill Is Gone\"\", and Gordon Lightfoot's \"\"The Wreck of the \"\"Edmund Fitzgerald\"\"\"\". AABA may be found in Crystal Gayle's \"\"Don't It Make My Brown Eyes Blue\"\", Billy Joel's \"\"Just the Way You Are\"\", and The Beatles' \"\"Yesterday\"\". ABA (verse/chorus or chorus/verse) format may be found in Pete Seeger's \"\"Turn! Turn! Turn!\"\" (chorus first) and The Rolling Stones's \"\"Honky Tonk Woman\"\" (verse first). ABAB may be found in AC/DC's \"\"Back in Black\"\", Jimmy Buffett's \"\"Margaritaville\"\", The Archies's \"\"Sugar, Sugar\"\", and The Eagles's \"\"Hotel California\"\". ABABCB format may be found in John Cougar Mellencamp's \"\"Hurts So Good\"\", Tina", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17383461", "chunk_text": "\"Eve of Destruction (song)\"\nCorrection\"\". A few months later, Green Beret medic SSgt. Barry Sadler released the patriotic \"\"Ballad of the Green Berets\"\". Johnny Sea's spoken word recording, \"\"Day For Decision\"\", was also a response to the song. In addition the British artist Alan Klein wrote and performed a savage parody and attack on folk-singers such as Donovan and Bob Dylan entitled \"\"Age of Corruption\"\" on his album \"\"Well at Least It's British\"\". Due to its controversial lyrics, some American radio stations, \"\"claiming it was an aid to the enemy in Vietnam\"\", and Radio Scotland banned the song. It was placed on a \"\"restricted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19509967", "chunk_text": "\"One Good Woman\"\nIt also spent four weeks atop the \"\"Billboard\"\" adult contemporary chart. One Good Woman \"\"One Good Woman\"\" is a popular song from 1988 by Peter Cetera, formerly the lead singer of the rock band Chicago. Cetera co-wrote and co-produced the track with Patrick Leonard, and the song was included on Cetera's 1988 album \"\"One More Story\"\". The song was originally to be included in the Tom Hanks film \"\"Big\"\", but Cetera withdrew \"\"One Good Woman\"\" from consideration because 20th Century Fox had proposed too many changes. Instead, it became the lead single from his \"\"One More Story\"\" album and reached", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20598681", "chunk_text": "\"Too Many People\"\nToo Many People \"\"Too Many People\"\" is a song by Paul McCartney from he and his wife Linda McCartney's 1971 album \"\"Ram\"\" as well as the B-side of the \"\"Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey\"\" single. \"\"Too Many People\"\" was written as a dig at McCartney's former bandmate and songwriting partner John Lennon, as well as his wife Yoko Ono. The song also begins with the line \"\"piss off\"\", later revealed to be a direct attack on Lennon. McCartney sang falsetto during parts of the bridge. The guitar solo between the second bridge and third stanza is played by Hugh McCracken. The second", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16816354", "chunk_text": "\"Hoochie Coochie Man\"\n\"\"lingua franca\"\" of blues, jazz, and rock and roll\"\". In 1955, songwriters Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller used the riff for \"\"Riot in Cell Block Number 9\"\" (later reworked by the Beach Boys as \"\"Student Demonstration Time\"\") and \"\"Framed\"\" for the R&B group the Robins. \"\"Trouble\"\", another Leiber and Stoller composition that uses the riff, was sung by Elvis Presley in the 1958 musical drama film \"\"King Creole\"\". American composer Elmer Bernstein quoted the figure in another film, \"\"The Man with the Golden Arm\"\", which received a nomination for an Academy Award for Best Original Score in 1955. Dixon remarked,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18420755", "chunk_text": "\"The Bug\"\nThe Bug \"\"The Bug\"\" is a song written by Mark Knopfler and originally performed by Dire Straits on the final studio album by the band, \"\"On Every Street\"\" (1991). It was covered by Mary Chapin Carpenter in 1992 and also recorded on the albums \"\"Blues Ballads\"\" (1996) by The Alex Bollard Assembly and \"\"Keep Your Hands to Yourself\"\" (2002) by Mike Berry & The Outlaws. The song is the fourth and final UK single from the album \"\"On Every Street\"\" by English rock band Dire Straits, and it also was to be Dire Straits' final single release in the UK.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3840264", "chunk_text": "\"Charlie Barnet\"\nlent Barnet his charts after Barnets' had been destroyed in a fire at the Palomar Ballroom in Los Angeles. Throughout his career he was an opponent of syrupy arrangements. In the song \"\"The Wrong Idea\"\", he lampooned the \"\"sweet\"\" big band sound of the era. The song was written by Billy May, who later used the same satirical bent in his collaborations with Stan Freberg on Capitol Records including the Lawrence Welk satire \"\"Wunnerful! Wunnerful!\"\" Barnet's was a notorious party band where drinking and vandalism were not uncommon. While Glenn Miller enforced strict standards of dress and deportment, Barnet was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11563293", "chunk_text": "\"Black Steel in the Hour of Chaos\"\nthe phone. Flavor went to another room and did actually call the studio to achieve this effect. In 1995, English trip hop musician Tricky released a cover version entitled \"\"Black Steel\"\", with Martina Topley-Bird performing the vocals backed by the techno-rock band FTV. The song features a slower, more melodic beat in comparison to other songs from \"\"It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back\"\" but still remains highly chaotic. Aside from the aforementioned Hayes sample, the song samples \"\"Little Green Apples\"\" by The Escorts and \"\"Living for the City\"\" by Stevie Wonder. The lines in the scratch", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18566323", "chunk_text": "\"Ass (album)\"\nAss (album) Ass is the fourth studio album by British rock band Badfinger, and their last album released on Apple Records. The opening track, \"\"Apple of My Eye\"\", refers to the band leaving the label to begin its new contract with Warner Bros. Records. The cover artwork, showing a donkey chasing a distant carrot, alludes to Badfinger's feelings that they had been misled by Apple. The cover was painted by Grammy Award-winning artist Peter Corriston, who would later create album covers for Led Zeppelin (\"\"Physical Graffiti\"\") and the Rolling Stones (\"\"Some Girls\"\", \"\"Tattoo You\"\"). Although recordings for the album began", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18191793", "chunk_text": "\"One Nite Alone...\"\nOne Nite Alone... One Nite Alone... is the twenty-fifth studio album by American recording artist Prince. It was released on May 14, 2002 by NPG Records. It features him singing and accompanying himself on piano, making only occasional use of other instruments. It includes a cover of the Joni Mitchell classic, \"\"A Case of You\"\", retitled \"\"A Case of U\"\". Mitchell receives special thanks in the liner notes. One song that caused some controversy amongst fans is \"\"Avalanche\"\", which describes Abraham Lincoln as a racist. \"\"One Nite Alone...\"\" was given to members of the NPG Music Club, separately and included", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8263783", "chunk_text": "\"Don't Sit Under the Apple Tree (with Anyone Else but Me)\"\nWith the Miller, Andrews, and Kyser records all being popular on the radio, \"\"Don't Sit Under the Apple Tree\"\" became one of the few songs in history to have three different versions on the radio hit parade at the same time. The Andrews version was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2016. In 1943, Harold Adamson and Jimmy McHugh wrote \"\"They Just Chopped Down the Old Apple Tree\"\" for the film \"\"Around the World\"\" as a humorous parody of this song, which was recorded by The Dinning Sisters. Frank Loesser's and Arthur Schwartz's \"\"They're Either Too Young or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18508155", "chunk_text": "\"George Jackson (songwriter)\"\nand had his first chart success as a singer in 1970 with \"\"That's How Much You Mean To Me\"\", which reached no. 48 on the R&B chart. The Osmonds visited the FAME studio in 1970, and heard and liked Jackson's song \"\"One Bad Apple\"\", which he had originally written with The Jackson 5 in mind. The Osmonds recorded the song, and it became the group's first hit, rising to the top of the Hot 100 in February 1971; it also reached no.6 on the R&B chart. In 1972 he briefly rejoined the Hi label, and had his second and last", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18420757", "chunk_text": "\"The Bug\"\nAugust 1993. The Bug \"\"The Bug\"\" is a song written by Mark Knopfler and originally performed by Dire Straits on the final studio album by the band, \"\"On Every Street\"\" (1991). It was covered by Mary Chapin Carpenter in 1992 and also recorded on the albums \"\"Blues Ballads\"\" (1996) by The Alex Bollard Assembly and \"\"Keep Your Hands to Yourself\"\" (2002) by Mike Berry & The Outlaws. The song is the fourth and final UK single from the album \"\"On Every Street\"\" by English rock band Dire Straits, and it also was to be Dire Straits' final single release in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4491394", "chunk_text": "\"Ruarri Joseph\"\nthe record \"\"hugely rewarding\"\" and a \"\"gorgeous, understated collection of songs\"\". A slightly more mixed review came from Nima Baniamer of Contactmusic.com. Giving the album three stars, the review stated that the LP \"\"does have major failures\"\", although he praised lead single 'Orchard for an Apple' and described the opening songs as \"\"beautiful\"\" and \"\"haunting\"\". British newspapers \"\"The Independent\"\", \"\"Metro\"\", and \"\"Uncut\"\" all gave \"\"Shoulder to the Wheel\"\" three stars. All songs written by Ruarri Joseph. All songs written by Ruarri Joseph. All songs written by Ruarri Joseph except 'Rich Folk's Hoax', a cover of the Sixto Diaz Rodriguez song", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12190417", "chunk_text": "\"Miss Jackson\"\nreleased as the second single from her breakthrough album \"\"Control\"\". The song was originally titled \"\"Bad Apple\"\" as it contained a sample from Fiona Apple's tune \"\"Every Single Night\"\", but when the band played it for her she denied them publishing rights to use her melody. Lead singer Brendon Urie confessed to being 'pretty pissed' by the refusal, but also admitted he prefers the band's new approach to the song. In an interview with MTV, the lead singer Brendon Urie, says the lyrics were based on personal experiences: \"\"'Miss Jackson' is about something that actually happened to me when I", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "727505", "chunk_text": "\"Strange Fruit\"\nStrange Fruit \"\"Strange Fruit\"\" is a song performed most famously by Billie Holiday, who first sang and recorded it in 1939. Written by teacher Abel Meeropol as a poem and published in 1937, it protested American racism, particularly the lynching of African Americans. Such lynchings had reached a peak in the South at the turn of the century, but continued there and in other regions of the United States. According to the Tuskegee Institute, 1,953 Americans were murdered by lynching, about three quarters of them black. The lyrics are an extended metaphor linking a tree’s fruit with lynching victims. Meeropol", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10859286", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen, Stephen\"\nsame episode of the show) with the lines \"\"he's calling out the bears in their evil lairs/he's calling out the press in their fancy dress/he's calling out The Decemberists and their Green Screen Contest\"\". Soon after the show aired, a studio version of the song was made available for download on the band's MySpace page. It was included on the B-sides and rarities collection \"\"Electronic Projects for Musicians\"\" in 2008. The song was also covered by R. Stevie Moore. Stephen, Stephen \"\"Stephen, Stephen\"\" is a song by American rock band, The Apples in Stereo. The song made its debut on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17889726", "chunk_text": "\"One Hit Wonder (band)\"\nOne Hit Wonder (band) One Hit Wonder was a Californian punk band that made its debut in 1994. Front man Dan Root is credited as playing guitar for Tender Fury,Rik L Rik,Cathedral of Tears Keith Morris Buglamp,Adolescents,CJ Ramone,The Vandals appearing in the 1987 movie \"\"Dudes\"\". Randy Bradbury played bass on the first two One Hit Wonder albums, before leaving to join the widely successful skate punk band Pennywise. Chris Webb previously played drums for the alternative rock band No Doubt, but never played on their albums. Trey Pangborn from the Falling Idols, Bargain Music, and later Long Beach Short Bus", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3309	where is the tennessee titans football stadium located?	n/a	[ "Nashville, Tennessee" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14305427", "chunk_text": "\"Tennessee Titans\"\nfor one season. The team then moved to Nashville in 1998 and played in Vanderbilt Stadium. For those two years, they were known as the \"\"Tennessee Oilers\"\", but changed their name to \"\"Tennessee Titans\"\" for the 1999 season. The team currently plays at Nissan Stadium in Nashville, which opened in 1999 as Adelphia Coliseum. The Titans' training facility is at Saint Thomas Sports Park, a site at the MetroCenter complex in Nashville. The team has appeared once in the Super Bowl (XXXIV), the same year they changed their name to \"\"Titans\"\", and in which they lost to the St. Louis", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14305426", "chunk_text": "\"Tennessee Titans\"\nTennessee Titans The Tennessee Titans are a professional American football team based in Nashville, Tennessee. The Titans compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the American Football Conference (AFC) South division. Previously known as the Houston Oilers, the team began play in 1960 in Houston, Texas, as a charter member of the American Football League (AFL). The Oilers won the first two AFL Championships, and joined the NFL as part of the AFL–NFL merger in 1970. The team relocated from Houston to Tennessee in 1997, and played at the Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18250196", "chunk_text": "\"Nissan Stadium\"\nthe stadium. Nissan Stadium Nissan Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. Owned by the Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County, it is primarily used for football and is the home field of the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL) and the Tennessee State Tigers of Tennessee State University. The stadium is also the site of the Franklin American Mortgage Music City Bowl, a postseason college football bowl game played each December, and is occasionally used as a venue for soccer matches. Nissan Stadium is even used for large concerts, such as the CMA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7011149", "chunk_text": "\"Nissan Stadium\"\nNissan Stadium Nissan Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. Owned by the Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County, it is primarily used for football and is the home field of the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL) and the Tennessee State Tigers of Tennessee State University. The stadium is also the site of the Franklin American Mortgage Music City Bowl, a postseason college football bowl game played each December, and is occasionally used as a venue for soccer matches. Nissan Stadium is even used for large concerts, such as the CMA Music Festival", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18029643", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Tennessee Titans\"\nAFC's Central Division, which they were part of until 2002. After fan support in Houston collapsed for the 1996 season, the Oilers announced they would be moving to Tennessee for 1997. They intended to play at a new stadium in Nashville, but it would not be ready until 1999. The largest stadium in Nashville at the time, Vanderbilt Stadium on the campus of Vanderbilt University, seated only 41,000 — a capacity deemed too small for even temporary use. Vanderbilt was also unwilling to permit alcohol sales. However, Adams ruled out using the state's largest stadium, the University of Tennessee's Neyland", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18407294", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Tennessee Titans\"\nHistory of the Tennessee Titans The Tennessee Titans are the professional American football team based in Nashville, Tennessee. They are members of the South Division of the American Football Conference (AFC) in the National Football League (NFL). Previously known as the Houston Oilers, the then-Houston, Texas, team began play in 1960 as a charter member of the American Football League. The Oilers won two AFL championships before joining the NFL as part of the AFL–NFL merger. In 1999, the Titans played their most memorable season since joining the NFL, when they made it all the way to Super Bowl XXXIV,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20495539", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Tennessee Titans\"\nStadium, in Knoxville; at 102,000 seats, it would have been all but impossible to sell out in time to avoid local blackouts on television. Ultimately, Adams announced that the renamed Tennessee Oilers would play the next two seasons at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis. The team would be based in Nashville, commuting to Memphis only for games—essentially sentencing the Oilers to 32 road games for the next two years. Even though this arrangement was acceptable to the NFL and the Oilers at the time, few people in either Memphis or Nashville were happy about it. After numerous attempts to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15258091", "chunk_text": "\"Nashville, Tennessee\"\nplayed at the Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis for one season, then moved to Nashville in 1998 and played in Vanderbilt Stadium for one season. During those two years, the team was known as the Tennessee Oilers, but changed its name to Titans in 1999. The team now plays at Nissan Stadium in Nashville, which opened in 1999. Since moving to Nashville, the Titans have won three division championships (2000, 2002, and 2008) and one conference championship (1999). They competed in 1999's Super Bowl XXXIV, losing to the St. Louis Rams, 23–16. The city previously hosted the 1939 Nashville", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18029661", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Tennessee Titans\"\nfailing again to reach the playoffs, but remaining in contention to Week 17. Bud Adams established the Titans/Oilers Hall of Fame after the 40th season of the franchise to honor past players and management (*) Indicates This Player or Coach Began Their Tenure in Houston History of the Tennessee Titans The Tennessee Titans are the professional American football team based in Nashville, Tennessee. They are members of the South Division of the American Football Conference (AFC) in the National Football League (NFL). Previously known as the Houston Oilers, the then-Houston, Texas, team began play in 1960 as a charter member", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8731707", "chunk_text": "\"Vanderbilt Stadium\"\nVanderbilt Stadium Vanderbilt Stadium is a football stadium located in Nashville, Tennessee. Completed in 1922 (then named Dudley Field) as the first stadium in the South to be used exclusively for college football, it is the home of the Vanderbilt University football team. Vanderbilt Stadium hosted the Tennessee Oilers (now Titans) during the 1998 NFL season and the first Music City Bowl in 1998 and also hosted the Tennessee state high school football championships for many years. Vanderbilt Stadium is the smallest football stadium in the Southeastern Conference, and was the largest stadium in Nashville until the completion of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7011150", "chunk_text": "\"Nissan Stadium\"\nnightly concerts, which take place for four days every June. Facilities are included to enable the stadium to host other public events, meetings, parties, and gatherings. Nissan Stadium is located on the east bank of the Cumberland River, directly across the river from downtown Nashville and has a listed seating capacity of 69,143. Its first event was a preseason game between the Titans and the Atlanta Falcons on August 27, 1999. Since opening in 1999, it has been known by multiple names, including Adelphia Coliseum from 1999 to 2002, The Coliseum from 2002 to 2006, and LP Field from 2006", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6839428", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Tennessee Titans season\"\n2018 Tennessee Titans season The 2018 season is the Tennessee Titans' 49th in the National Football League and their 59th overall. It also marks the franchise's 22nd season in the state of Tennessee, their first under head coach Mike Vrabel, and the first with new uniforms and blue helmets, as they've worn white helmets since the club was based in Houston, Texas. On January 15, 2018, the Titans and former head coach Mike Mularkey agreed to part ways, ending his three year tenure as head coach with a record of 20-21. Five days later, the Titans named former Houston Texans", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9392726", "chunk_text": "\"Titans Radio Network\"\nnew stadium, the Adelphia Coliseum (now Nissan Stadium) was completed in August 1999. WGFX became the flagship station for the network, and served as flagship from 1997 until the completion of the 2001 season, although WGFX served as an \"\"affiliate\"\" for the 2004 season. Between the team's initial relocation and the start of the 1999 preseason, the radio network was spread to many radio stations across Tennessee, as well as southern and western Kentucky, northern and central Alabama, and portions of three other states. Titans Radio signed up over 50 affiliates in non-metro areas and a few major cities. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11842867", "chunk_text": "\"Johnny \"\"Red\"\" Floyd Stadium\"\nJohnny \"\"Red\"\" Floyd Stadium Johnny \"\"Red\"\" Floyd Stadium is a stadium in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, United States. It is primarily used for American football, and is the home field of the Middle Tennessee State University Blue Raiders. It also serves as the stadium for the Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Association's (TSSAA) State High School Football Championships. It previously served as the home stadium for Riverdale and Oakland high schools, for a long period when those schools did not have stadiums. It later was the home stadium for Siegel High School for a short period, when construction for a stadium was delayed.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17538115", "chunk_text": "\"Neyland Stadium\"\na 12-inch bed of sand to enhance drainage. Neyland Stadium Neyland Stadium (pronounced \"\"NEE-land\"\") is a sports stadium in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States. It serves primarily as the home of the Tennessee Volunteers football team, but is also used to host large conventions and has been a site for several National Football League (NFL) exhibition games. The stadium's official capacity is 102,455. Constructed in 1921, and originally called Shields–Watkins Field (the playing surface is still called that today), the stadium has undergone 16 expansion projects, at one point reaching a capacity of 104,079 before being slightly reduced by alterations in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9392722", "chunk_text": "\"Titans Radio Network\"\nTitans Radio Network The Titans Radio Network is the radio and television network of the National Football League's franchise in Nashville, Tennessee, the Tennessee Titans. The network consists of almost 70 AM and FM radio stations in Tennessee, along with nearby areas of Kentucky, Alabama, Mississippi, eastern Arkansas, and far southern Illinois. The radio network began with the 1960 American Football League season as the Houston Oiler Radio Network, when the now-Tennessee Titans were based in Houston, Texas, and were known as the Oilers. Houston's KXYZ was the first flagship of the network for 1960 through 1963. KILT was the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15857436", "chunk_text": "\"Nashville, Tennessee\"\nrenewal a priority, Bredesen fostered the construction or renovation of several city landmarks, including the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum, the downtown Nashville Public Library, the Bridgestone Arena, and Nissan Stadium. Nissan Stadium (formerly Adelphia Coliseum and LP Field) was built after the National Football League's (NFL) Houston Oilers agreed to move to the city in 1995. The NFL team debuted in Nashville in 1998 at Vanderbilt Stadium, and Nissan Stadium opened in the summer of 1999. The Oilers changed their name to the Tennessee Titans and finished the season with the Music City Miracle and a close", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17266109", "chunk_text": "\"Neyland Stadium\"\nNeyland Stadium Neyland Stadium (pronounced \"\"NEE-land\"\") is a sports stadium in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States. It serves primarily as the home of the Tennessee Volunteers football team, but is also used to host large conventions and has been a site for several National Football League (NFL) exhibition games. The stadium's official capacity is 102,455. Constructed in 1921, and originally called Shields–Watkins Field (the playing surface is still called that today), the stadium has undergone 16 expansion projects, at one point reaching a capacity of 104,079 before being slightly reduced by alterations in the following decade. Neyland Stadium is the fifth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20495545", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Tennessee Titans\"\n1998. In 1999, Adelphia Coliseum, now known as Nissan Stadium, was completed and the newly christened Titans had a grand season, finishing with a 13–3 record — the best season in franchise history. They won their first game as the \"\"Titans\"\", defeating the Bengals before a sold out stadium (Every game since the Titans moved to Nashville has been sold out). They did not lose a game at home and finished one game behind the Jacksonville Jaguars for the AFC Central title. Tennessee then won their first round playoff game over the Buffalo Bills on a designed play, known as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7476851", "chunk_text": "\"Hale Stadium\"\nheld at the close of the Tigers' spring practice. The stadium was renovated before the 2012 season to celebrate the University's centennial, and was reopened in time for the Tigers' game against Austin Peay. The Tigers now split their home games between Hale Stadium and Nissan Stadium. Hale Stadium Hale Stadium is a 10,000-seat outdoor stadium located on the campus of Tennessee State University in Nashville, Tennessee. Built in 1953 and nicknamed \"\"The Hole\"\", the stadium hosted TSU Tigers football games until 1999, when home games were moved to what is now Nissan Stadium, home of the Tennessee Titans. Allowing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7011152", "chunk_text": "\"Nissan Stadium\"\nwestern tower. Nissan Stadium's dual videoboards are located behind the lower bowl in each end zone. The playing surface of Nissan Stadium is Tifsport Bermuda Sod, a natural grass. However, the relatively warm climate of Nashville, combined with the wear and tear of hosting a game nearly every weekend, usually results in a resodding of the area \"\"between the hashes\"\" in late November. On Nissan Stadium's eastern side is the Titans Pro Shop, a retail store which sells team merchandise. It remains open year-round and maintains an exterior entrance for use on non-event dates. During the 1995 NFL Preseason, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12206524", "chunk_text": "\"Jaguars–Titans rivalry\"\nJaguars–Titans rivalry The Jaguars–Titans rivalry is a professional American football rivalry between the Jacksonville Jaguars and Tennessee Titans in the National Football League (NFL)'s AFC South division. The first game of the rivalry was played on September 3, 1995, at EverBank Field (then Jacksonville Municipal Stadium) in Jacksonville, Florida. In the first regular season game for Jacksonville's new expansion franchise, the Titans, then known as the Houston Oilers, defeated the Jaguars 10–3. The rivalry intensified during the 1999–2000 postseason, when the 14–2 Jaguars, champions of the AFC Central division, hosted the newly named Titans, who were 13–3. The Titans erased", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8731722", "chunk_text": "\"Vanderbilt Stadium\"\nfor the Chargers and Los Angeles Rams, who are currently playing in the far larger Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, with opening scheduled in 2020. Over its history, Vanderbilt Stadium has occasionally been used for concerts and major speakers. Vanderbilt Stadium Vanderbilt Stadium is a football stadium located in Nashville, Tennessee. Completed in 1922 (then named Dudley Field) as the first stadium in the South to be used exclusively for college football, it is the home of the Vanderbilt University football team. Vanderbilt Stadium hosted the Tennessee Oilers (now Titans) during the 1998 NFL season and the first Music City Bowl", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7476849", "chunk_text": "\"Hale Stadium\"\nHale Stadium Hale Stadium is a 10,000-seat outdoor stadium located on the campus of Tennessee State University in Nashville, Tennessee. Built in 1953 and nicknamed \"\"The Hole\"\", the stadium hosted TSU Tigers football games until 1999, when home games were moved to what is now Nissan Stadium, home of the Tennessee Titans. Allowing the Tigers to play their home games at the new venue was a requirement for the funding the new facility received from the State of Tennessee. After the move, Hale fell into a state of disrepair. The facility was named for William J. Hale, who served as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16866771", "chunk_text": "\"Nissan Stadium\"\nthe stadium. The concession stands and restrooms in these two areas were decorated to look like suburban homes using LP products. On June 24, 2015, car manufacturer Nissan, which has its North American headquarters just south of Nashville in Franklin and operates a large manufacturing plant in nearby Smyrna, bought the naming rights for the stadium in a 20-year contract, rebranding the stadium as Nissan Stadium. As part of the sponsor agreement, a 2016 Nissan Titan pickup truck was placed next to the stadium scoreboard. The Titans have posted an impressive record at Nissan Stadium since moving there in 1999,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8731719", "chunk_text": "\"Vanderbilt Stadium\"\nto encourage fans to go ahead and enter the stadium. After wins the Commodores raise a victory flag sporting the \"\"Star V\"\" emblem. On September 15, 2018, while Vanderbilt was away playing Notre Dame, the Virginia Cavaliers played the Ohio Bobcats in Vanderbilt Stadium. The game was relocated from Charlottesville, Virginia due to the threat of Hurricane Florence. Upon moving to Nashville, the Oilers/Titans franchise initially played at the larger Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis while Nissan Stadium (then called Adelphia Coliseum) was under construction in Nashville. Initially, the Oilers were unwilling to play at Vanderbilt Stadium while Nissan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11187957", "chunk_text": "\"Houston Texans\"\nHouston Texans The Houston Texans are a professional American football team based in Houston, Texas. The Texans compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the American Football Conference (AFC) South division. The team plays its home games at NRG Stadium. The club first played in as an expansion team, making them the youngest franchise currently competing in the NFL. The Texans replaced the city's previous NFL franchise, the Houston Oilers, which moved to Nashville, Tennessee and are now known as the Tennessee Titans. The team was founded and owned by Bob McNair from 1999 to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1155079", "chunk_text": "\"Tennessee Titans\"\nany of its games on Sirius XM Radio. According to the Titans Radio Network, this was because the Titans' contract with Citadel Broadcasting (parent of both WKDF and WGFX) predated the arrival of satellite radio, thus there was no provision for the NFL to reserve satellite-radio rights. In 2011, the Titans were able to extend their agreement with existing radio partners while creating a provision allowing home games to be broadcast on SiriusXM. They were the final team in the NFL to reach such a deal. Most preseason games are televised on WKRN-TV, the ABC affiliate in Nashville. WKRN-TV also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6839430", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Tennessee Titans season\"\nreceivers coach Rob Moore. The Titans signed two former New England Patriots players. Running back Dion Lewis and Cornerback Malcolm Butler. The two will reunite with current cornerback Logan Ryan, who also played for the Patriots, in which their last season in New England together was capped off with a Super Bowl comeback win. Source: On January 11, 2018, the NFL announced that the Titans will play the Los Angeles Chargers in one of three London Games at Wembley Stadium in London, England, with the Chargers serving as the home team. It will be the Titans' first appearance in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20706732", "chunk_text": "\"Titans Preseason Football\"\nTitans Preseason Football Titans Preseason Football is a live game presentation of Tennessee Titans pre-season football games not shown nationally on network television. The program is broadcast on the Titans Preseason Television Network, a unit of ABC Television Network affiliate WKRN-TV of Nashville, Tennessee. As of August 2015, the program is sponsored by Nissan, Tennessee Lottery, and by Comcast/Xfinity. The program is a production of WKRN-TV and its parent company, Media General. The Titans Preseason Television Network was formed in 1999 after the football franchise moved to the then-new Adelphia Coliseum (later LP Field, now Nissan Stadium). WKRN-TV has been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13876688", "chunk_text": "\"TIAA Bank Field\"\nTIAA Bank Field TIAA Bank Field is an American football stadium located in Jacksonville, Florida, that primarily serves as the home facility of the Jacksonville Jaguars of the National Football League (NFL). The stadium opened in 1995 as Jacksonville Municipal Stadium on the site of the old Gator Bowl Stadium (erected 1927), and included some portions of the older stadium. Located on the St. Johns River, it sits on of land in downtown Jacksonville. In addition to hosting the Jaguars, the stadium is also regularly used for college football, concerts, and other events. It is the regular site of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13461384", "chunk_text": "Tennessee\nTennessee Tennessee (, ; ) is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the 36th largest and the 16th most populous of the 50 United States. Tennessee is bordered by Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, Arkansas to the west, and Missouri to the northwest. The Appalachian Mountains dominate the eastern part of the state, and the Mississippi River forms the state's western border. Nashville is the state's capital and largest city, with a population of 660,388. Tennessee's second largest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16568332", "chunk_text": "\"Las Vegas Stadium\"\nLas Vegas Stadium Las Vegas Stadium is the working name for a domed stadium under construction in Paradise, Nevada for the Las Vegas Raiders of the National Football League (NFL) and the UNLV Rebels football team of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV). It is located on about 62 acres west of Mandalay Bay at Russell Road and Hacienda Avenue and between Polaris Avenue and Dean Martin Drive, just west of Interstate 15. Construction of the $1.8 billion stadium began in September 2017 and is expected to be completed in time for the 2020 NFL season. In January 2016,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9392725", "chunk_text": "\"Titans Radio Network\"\nof Texas and western Louisiana to only the flagship station in Houston, and a few affiliates in Tennessee, including its future flagship, Adult contemporary-formatted WGFX/Gallatin, which is really based in Nashville. In October 1996, KTRH cut off games in favor of preseason basketball involving the Houston Rockets of the NBA. It was renamed the Tennessee Oilers Radio Network in 1997 during the team's first season in Tennessee. The headquarters were now located in Nashville, but their home games were played in the Liberty Bowl in Memphis in 1997 and the Vanderbilt University's Stadium in 1998 and at least until their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1155070", "chunk_text": "\"Tennessee Titans\"\nsince 2007 that the Titans wore navy as their primary home jersey, though the team plans to continue wearing white jerseys for early-season hot-weather home games. The light Titans blue jersey, which was the team's primary jersey color from 2008 to 2014, became the team's alternate jersey for a second time. The Titans debuted new uniforms on April 4, 2018, at an event attended by over 10,000 fans in downtown Nashville. The uniforms retain the color palette of navy blue, Titans blue, and white; with new red and silver elements being introduced. The new helmets are navy blue with one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13203605", "chunk_text": "\"Levi's Stadium\"\nLevi's Stadium Levi's Stadium is a football stadium located in Santa Clara, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. It has served as the home venue for the National Football League (NFL)'s San Francisco 49ers since 2014. The stadium is located approximately south of San Francisco and is named for Levi Strauss & Co., which purchased naming rights in 2013. In 2006, the 49ers initially proposed constructing a new stadium at Candlestick Point in San Francisco, the site of their existing home, Candlestick Park. The project, which included plans for retail space and housing improvements, was claimed to be of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1810143", "chunk_text": "\"Georgia Dome\"\nGeorgia Dome The Georgia Dome was a domed stadium in the Southeastern United States. Located in Atlanta between downtown to the east and Vine City to the west, it was owned and operated by the State of Georgia as part of the Georgia World Congress Center Authority. Its successor, Mercedes-Benz Stadium, was built adjacent to the south and opened on August 26, 2017. The Georgia Dome was demolished on November 20, 2017. The Georgia Dome was the home stadium for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL) and the Georgia State University Panthers football team. It hosted 25", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "623080", "chunk_text": "\"Mercedes-Benz Stadium\"\nMercedes-Benz Stadium The Mercedes-Benz Stadium is a multi-purpose retractable roof stadium located in Atlanta, Georgia. The home of the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL) and Atlanta United FC of Major League Soccer (MLS), it replaced the now-demolished Georgia Dome, the Falcons' home stadium from 1992 through 2016. Mercedes-Benz stadium holds the record of the world's largest halo board and is one of few American football stadiums with retractable roofs, and one of five in the NFL that has such a roof. The stadium is owned by the state of Georgia through the Georgia World Congress Center Authority,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16866772", "chunk_text": "\"Nissan Stadium\"\nincluding winning their first 16 games before losing to the Baltimore Ravens on November 12, 2000. Overall, the Titans are 45–27 in the regular season and 2–2 in playoff games at Nissan Stadium. Every Titans home game (including preseason) has been a sellout since the stadium opened in 1999. This is due to fans purchasing season tickets associated with the personal seat licenses each season ticketholder must own. The seat licenses helped finance construction of the stadium. There is a long waiting list for personal seat licenses, as well as season tickets. On January 8, 2000, one of the most", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20526401", "chunk_text": "\"Texans–Titans rivalry\"\nTexans–Titans rivalry The Texans–Titans rivalry is a professional American football rivalry in the National Football League (NFL) between the Houston Texans and Tennessee Titans. The Texans–Titans rivalry is an intense rivalry, pitting the Tennessee Titans (formerly based in Houston as the Houston Oilers) with Houston's present-day team, the Texans. The 2002 expansion and conference realignment by the NFL put a new team into Houston. With the expansion Texans in place, the NFL's realignment created the AFC South and put the two teams together as division rivals. Following the 2016 matchups between the teams, the Titans lead the series 16–14. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15778018", "chunk_text": "\"Houston Texans\"\nhas been raised for the Foundation since its creation in 2002. Houston Texans The Houston Texans are a professional American football team based in Houston, Texas. The Texans compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the American Football Conference (AFC) South division. The team plays its home games at NRG Stadium. The club first played in as an expansion team, making them the youngest franchise currently competing in the NFL. The Texans replaced the city's previous NFL franchise, the Houston Oilers, which moved to Nashville, Tennessee and are now known as the Tennessee Titans. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13542081", "chunk_text": "\"Jaguars–Titans rivalry\"\nAFC along with the Cincinnati Bengals, Cleveland Browns, Houston Oilers, and Pittsburgh Steelers. Since 1995, the Jaguars have played most of their home games at what was originally called Jacksonville Municipal Stadium (now named TIAA Bank Field) on the site of the original Gator Bowl stadium. On September 3, 1995, the Jaguars played their first ever regular season game in Jacksonville against the Oilers, who had existed since the founding of the American Football League in 1960. Houston receiver Haywood Jeffries caught the game's only touchdown in a 10-3 Oilers victory. Four weeks later, the clubs met again in Houston.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13365555", "chunk_text": "EverBank\nField Drive on the shores of the St. Johns River in Jacksonville, EverBank Field is the 67,246-seat home stadium of the National Football League's Jacksonville Jaguars. In 2005, the stadium served as the host site of Super Bowl XXXIX. On July 25, 2014, EverBank extended the naming rights of the stadium until 2024. On June 4, 2018, EverBank became TIAA Bank and the stadium was renamed to TIAA Bank Field. EverBank EverBank, now TIAA Bank, is an American diversified financial services company providing banking, mortgages, and investing services. It is based in Jacksonville, Florida, U.S. It operates through standard banking", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19821383", "chunk_text": "\"New Jersey Titans\"\nNew Jersey Titans The New Jersey Titans are a team of the Women's Spring Football League 11-woman division. Originally based in Wayne, New Jersey, the Titans played their home games on the campus of Passaic County Technical Institute through their 2010 season. Upon their return for the 2012 season, the Titans relocated their home games to Belleville Municipal Stadium in Belleville, New Jersey. Before joining the WSFL, the Titans played a season each in the Women's Professional Football League and the National Women's Football Association (both of which have since gone moribund), as well as two seasons in the Women's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17266110", "chunk_text": "\"Neyland Stadium\"\nlargest stadium in the United States, the sixth largest stadium in the world, and the second largest stadium in the Southeastern Conference. The stadium is named for Robert Neyland, who served three stints as head football coach at the University of Tennessee between 1926 and 1952. The Tennessee Volunteers football team originally played at Baldwin Park, which was once located between Grand Avenue and Dale Avenue, north of Fort Sanders. From 1908 to 1920, the team played at Wait Field, which was located where the Walters Life Science Building now stands. The stadium was first conceived in 1919. Colonel W.S.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10171752", "chunk_text": "\"Nashville Sounds\"\nfor most of the season. In 2015, the Sounds clinched the division title in Memphis. Roles were reversed in 2016 as the Redbirds won the division in Nashville. The Redbirds defeated the Sounds in Memphis to win the 2018 division title. The Sounds originally played at Herschel Greer Stadium from 1978 through 2014. The ballpark, which has been abandoned but still stands, is located on the grounds of Fort Negley, an American Civil War fortification approximately south of downtown Nashville. The venue experienced numerous expansions and contractions after its completion in 1978, but seated 10,300 spectators during its final 2014", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12206536", "chunk_text": "\"Jaguars–Titans rivalry\"\nthe Titans made it in by beating the Jaguars in week 17. <br> Jaguars–Titans rivalry The Jaguars–Titans rivalry is a professional American football rivalry between the Jacksonville Jaguars and Tennessee Titans in the National Football League (NFL)'s AFC South division. The first game of the rivalry was played on September 3, 1995, at EverBank Field (then Jacksonville Municipal Stadium) in Jacksonville, Florida. In the first regular season game for Jacksonville's new expansion franchise, the Titans, then known as the Houston Oilers, defeated the Jaguars 10–3. The rivalry intensified during the 1999–2000 postseason, when the 14–2 Jaguars, champions of the AFC", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2984136", "chunk_text": "\"Sulphur Dell\"\nNashville and State of Tennessee officials on December 10, 2013. The stadium, First Tennessee Park, was built on the former site of Sulphur Dell and replaced Herschel Greer Stadium, the Sounds' home ballpark since 1978. The stadium holds up to 10,000 people, with 8,500 of that in fixed seating and the rest in open areas, such as a grass berm. The cost of the entire development, including commercial and retail space, a greenway, and a parking garage, is approximately $150 million; the stadium itself costs $47 million. The new stadium opened on April 17, 2015. In the ballpark's inaugural game,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9485956", "chunk_text": "\"Nissan Stadium\"\ntime of installation, the two boards became the second-largest displays in the National Football League (trailing only AT&T Stadium). In 2014 and 2015, the stadium hosted the Nashville Kickoff Game, a college football game featuring major NCAA teams for Tennessee. During its construction, the stadium had no official name, though it was generally referred to as \"\"The East Bank Stadium\"\", a reference to the stadium's location on the eastern bank of the Cumberland River. Upon its completion, it was given the name \"\"Adelphia Coliseum\"\" in a 15-year, $30 million naming rights arrangement with Adelphia Business Solutions, a subsidiary of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12978220", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Tennessee Titans season\"\nInternational Series. The game will occur during Week 7 (October 21), and will be televised by CBS in the United States. The exact date, along with the network and kickoff time, were announced in conjunction with the release of the regular season schedule. Notes Due to two weather delays, the game lasted for 7 hours and 10 minutes, the longest game since the AFL–NFL merger in 1970. NFL London Games 2018 Tennessee Titans season The 2018 season is the Tennessee Titans' 49th in the National Football League and their 59th overall. It also marks the franchise's 22nd season in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3310	how many goals did mikel score for chelsea?	n/a	[ "6", "1" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15545244", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nClattenburg during a 3–2 defeat to Manchester United. On 5 December 2012, Mikel signed a contract extension with Chelsea, keeping him at the club until 2017. On 21 September 2013, Mikel scored his first-ever Premier League goal in a 2–0 win against Fulham. He scored his second goal of the season in Chelsea's third round tie with Derby County on 5 January 2014, heading in the opening goal in an eventual 2–0 victory. He made his 200th Premier League appearance for Chelsea on 3 February, coming on as a late substitute in a 1–0 away victory at Manchester City. On", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15545241", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nMikel appeared in 16 of the club's last 20 games and started in 14 of them, and began to play some of his best football for the club. Mikel played the full 90 minutes in Chelsea's 2–1 victory over Liverpool in the 2012 FA Cup Final on 5 May 2012, picking up a yellow card in the 36th minute. The 2011–12 Premier League campaign saw Mikel appear in 22 league fixtures, starting 15 of them, as well as playing in eight fixtures leading up to the team's appearance in the 2012 Champions League Final against Bayern Munich. In the final", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12556122", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\n30 August 2014, Mikel, who substituted Willian on the 75-minute mark, set up Diego Costa's second goal after intercepting up Muhamed Bešić's backheel pass. Chelsea went on to win 6–3 against Everton at Goodison Park. Mikel scored a rare goal against Sporting CP on 10 December in a 3–1 victory at Stamford Bridge in the 2014–15 Champions League. Against Watford on Boxing Day 2015, in the first game of Guus Hiddink's second spell in charge, Mikel came on to become the 21st player to make 350 appearances for Chelsea. Chelsea then faced Paris Saint-Germain in the first leg of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4701312", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nJuly, Mikel signed a new five-year contract with Chelsea. On 13 February 2010, Mikel provided a long ball for Didier Drogba to latch onto and fire past goalkeeper David Marshall as Chelsea beat Cardiff City 4–1 in the FA Cup Round of 16. Mikel provided another assist for a Drogba goal in a 5–0 win over FA Cup finalists and relegated side Portsmouth on 24 March, as Chelsea cut United's lead at the top of the table to one point. Mikel played the full ninety minutes in Chelsea's 7–1 smashing of Aston Villa three days later as Chelsea kept pace", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12556106", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\ncourt of law.\"\" This claim was subsequently resolved out of court. On 12 September 2006, Mikel made his first start for Chelsea in the UEFA Champions League against Bulgarian club Levski Sofia and took a powerful shot which the goalkeeper failed to save and Didier Drogba pounced on the rebound. Mikel received many positive comments for his performance in the match. However, since being sent off in a match against Reading on 14 October 2006, Mikel was fined on three separate occasions by Chelsea for turning up late to training. At the time, Chelsea manager José Mourinho was believed to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4701313", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nin the title race with Manchester United. In their next Premier League game against United, Mikel played excellent as a marshall in midfield as Chelsea climbed above United in the table with a 2–1 win at Old Trafford, thanks to goals from Joe Cole and Drogba. Under new manager Carlo Ancelotti, Mikel continued to perform with efficiency in his defensive midfield role, notching 32 appearances for the Blues. In May 2010, he received Premier League and FA Cup winner's medals as part of Chelsea's first ever league-cup double winning team. Mikel and Chelsea started the new 2010–11 Premier League campaign", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "914921", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nin the second half of the season. Mikel featured in 28 Premier League campaigns for Chelsea as the London side finished in second place, nine points behind champions Manchester United. Following the disappointment of not winning a title, Chelsea manager Carlo Ancelotti was sacked by the club. Before the start of their league campaign, Mikel's father was abducted in his native Nigeria on 10 August; despite this, Mikel started in the club's opening fixture against Stoke City at Britannia Stadium. Mikel came close to claiming his first Premier League goal for Chelsea in an inspired game as the sides played", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2614678", "chunk_text": "\"2016–17 Chelsea F.C. season\"\nfive points clear of second-placed Liverpool following their draw with Sunderland. On 6 January, long-serving midfielder John Obi Mikel completed a move to Chinese Super League club Tianjin TEDA for an undisclosed fee, having played 376 times for the Blues since joining in 2006, winning two Premier League titles, four FA Cups and the 2012 Champions League during his time at Stamford Bridge. Mikel had not featured under new Chelsea boss Antonio Conte all season, with Mikel himself stating that the time was right for \"\"a new challenge\"\". Besides, Chelsea recalled young forward Isaiah Brown from his loan spell at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14916398", "chunk_text": "\"Mikel Alonso\"\na professional footballer at the San Sebastián side. Mikel Alonso Mikel Alonso Olano (born 17 May 1980) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Real Unión as a midfielder. He spent most of his career at Real Sociedad, making 110 appearances and scoring four goals over seven seasons. He totalled 132 games and three goals in La Liga for that club and CD Tenerife, while also recording 48/3 in Segunda División for the latter and Numancia. Additionally, Alonso had two brief spells in England, finishing his career at Real Unión. A product of Real Sociedad's youth ranks, as was younger", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15545236", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nhave strong reservations about his lifestyle outside of Stamford Bridge, and the club were reportedly considering offloading the player. Mikel was dropped for over a month, during which his father Michael voiced his concerns over his son's behaviour. After improved punctuality and showings at training sessions, Mikel earned a recall for Chelsea's Champions League group stage away game against Werder Bremen on 23 November 2006. He scored his first goal for Chelsea in their 6–1 FA Cup victory over Macclesfield Town on 6 January 2007. He also scored against Nottingham Forest in the following round of the competition. During Chelsea's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "914920", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nwhere they left off from the 2009–10 season, playing strong defense and adding deadly finishing. Mikel played the full 90 and helped keep three clean-sheets in the first three games as Chelsea eased past West Bromwich Albion 6–0 on 14 August, crushed Wigan Athletic 6–0 at the DW Stadium seven days later and edged past Stoke City 2–0 on 28 August. Mikel was the preferred option in defensive midfield as teammate Michael Essien spent most of the season on the sideline with knee injuries. The injury to the versatile Essien forced the club to play new signing Ramires more often", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "914915", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nagainst Valencia, the Champions League semi-final games against Liverpool and also the victorious 2007 FA Cup Final against Manchester United. Mikel's height and great strength, allied to good ball control and an unusually wide range of passing, allows him not only to disrupt opposing attacks, but also to spread the play effectively. Mikel supplanted the French midfielder Claude Makélélé in the lineup following his departure to Paris Saint-Germain. Mikel was sent-off for the third time in his career in September 2007, when referee Mike Dean dismissed him for a tackle on Manchester United defender Patrice Evra. Chelsea appealed against the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17238983", "chunk_text": "\"Mikel Agu\"\nin a 3-0 friendly win over Togo on 1 June 2017. In May 2018 he was named in Nigeria’s preliminary 30 man squad for the 2018 World Cup in Russia. However, he did not make the final 23. Agu's style of play can be likened to former Chelsea player John Obi Mikel. He received the nickname \"\"Mikel\"\" from fans in Benin City, where he grew up, due to similarities in movement and overall play. He has an excellent close-control and has shown a very good passing range, complementing this with the vision to play long balls from the back. On", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12556123", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nUEFA Champions League round of 16. Mikel conceded a foul just outside the 18-yard box. PSG forward Zlatan Ibrahimović's free kick deflected off Mikel, who was part of the wall, and past goalkeeper Thibaut Courtois. Just a few minutes later, however, Mikel equalised from a stoppage time corner kick. Due to the injuries of John Terry and Gary Cahill, Mikel had to play as a centre-back in multiple games. On 4 November 2016, it was announced that the club would not be renewing his contract when it expired at the end of the season. On 6 January 2017, Chinese club", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15545242", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nin Munich on 19 May, Mikel played the full 120 minutes as the sides played out a 1–1 draw. Chelsea played a tough defensive battle and Mikel was hailed by Sky Sports pundit Jamie Redknapp as playing an excellent game, putting in \"\"a performance that I didn't think he had in him; he was putting out fires everywhere,\"\" as Chelsea claimed a 4–3 victory in the penalty shootout. Following his performance, Mikel told reporters that it was \"\"best night of our lives.\"\" Mikel's strong performances in the final stages of the season and his impressive display in Munich helped Chelsea", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6761540", "chunk_text": "\"Mikel Arteta\"\nrole at Arsenal, particularly after the sale of Alex Song to Barcelona in 2012. With 100 fouls committed against him in the 2006–07 season, he was the most fouled player in the Premier League. He was an extremely potent creative force thanks mainly to his pinpoint crossing ability and propensity for the killer pass, with his total of 12 league assists in the 2006–07 season being third to Cesc Fàbregas and Cristiano Ronaldo. Arteta's wife is the former Miss Spain Lorena Bernal. with whom he has three sons, Gabriel, Daniel and Oliver. He is close friends with Xabi Alonso. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14916391", "chunk_text": "\"Mikel Alonso\"\nMikel Alonso Mikel Alonso Olano (born 17 May 1980) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Real Unión as a midfielder. He spent most of his career at Real Sociedad, making 110 appearances and scoring four goals over seven seasons. He totalled 132 games and three goals in La Liga for that club and CD Tenerife, while also recording 48/3 in Segunda División for the latter and Numancia. Additionally, Alonso had two brief spells in England, finishing his career at Real Unión. A product of Real Sociedad's youth ranks, as was younger brother Xabi, Alonso was born in Tolosa, Gipuzkoa,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4701311", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nthe role. His ever-improving game was praised by Chelsea manager Luiz Felipe Scolari, and his importance to the team was underlined when he provided the free kick that Salomon Kalou scored to equalise against Manchester United. He played so well in 2008–09 that he was nominated for the club player and young player of the season. On 24 January 2009, Mikel was charged with drunk driving, just hours before an FA Cup game against Ipswich Town – Mikel was not due to play in the game as he was serving a suspension. Although he had all that trouble on 22", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9234485", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Lampard\"\nChelsea's all-time leading FA Cup goalscorer with 26 goals. Lampard's 200th Chelsea goal came against his former club West Ham on 17 March 2013, heading home an Eden Hazard cross. Lampard equalled Bobby Tambling's record with a long-range goal into the top left corner from just outside the box in the 61st minute in a league match against Aston Villa on 11 May. Then, later on in the 88th minute, he scored a second goal, breaking the record and securing a 2–1 victory for Chelsea. In the UEFA Europa League final on 15 May, Lampard captained the London club to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12556129", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nSuper Eagles' opening game against Iran and helping the team to reach the knockout stage for the first time since 1998. In a 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification match against Algeria, Mikel scored a goal and assisted his Chelsea teammate Victor Moses in a 3-1 victory. He was selected by Nigeria for their 35-man provisional squad for the 2016 Summer Olympics and was later named captain of the Olympics squad. On 13 August 2016, Mikel scored his first ever Olympic goal in a 2–0 win against Denmark to advance to the semi-final. After the 2–0 defeat to Germany, Nigeria went", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "914925", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nsecure Champions League football next season despite finishing in sixth place, knocking London rivals Tottenham into the UEFA Europa League. Mikel started all of Chelsea's first five games of the new 2012–13 Premier League season, and also played in the Community Shield against Manchester City and Super Cup against Atlético Madrid. In November, Mikel was named on the shortlist for the African Footballer of the Year along with former Chelsea teammate Didier Drogba. Mikel was charged with misconduct by the Football Association (FA) on 22 November 2012. He was given a three-match ban and fined £60,000 for threatening referee Mark", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9234486", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Lampard\"\na 2–1 victory over Benfica, securing the 11th major trophy of the Roman Abramovich era. On 16 May 2013, Lampard signed a one-year extension to his contract with Chelsea, stating \"\"I always maintained the dream was to stay at Chelsea.\"\" On the opening day of the 2013–14 Premier League season, Lampard scored a free-kick in a 2–0 win against newly promoted Hull City. On 1 October, he scored his 205th goal for Chelsea in a 4–0 win away to Steaua București in the Champions League. On 23 November 2013, Lampard scored his 206th and 207th goals for Chelsea against his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11333409", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Lampard\"\nthe final. In the 2009–10 season, Lampard helped Chelsea secure their first league and FA Cup double, and also had his most prolific season with the club, scoring 22 league goals and 14 league assists. In 2012, Lampard captained Chelsea to their first UEFA Champions League success and a year later to their first UEFA Europa League title. He was released by the club after the 2013–14 season. A three-time Chelsea Player of the Year, Lampard is the club's all-time top goalscorer with 211 goals in all competitions. Lampard is one of seven players, and the only midfielder, to have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12556124", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nTianjin TEDA signed Mikel by free transfer. On 14 April 2018, he scored his second league goal for Tianjin, and first goal of the season against Guangzhou R&F F.C. Mikel represented the Nigeria under-20 team at the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship and won the Silver Ball for the second-best player at the tournament (behind Lionel Messi) as the Africans finished runner-up to Argentina. He made his debut for the Nigeria senior team on 17 August 2005, when he came on as a second-half substitute in a 1–0 friendly win over Libya. He did not play for the national team", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14821265", "chunk_text": "\"2013–14 Chelsea F.C. season\"\nseasons, Mata made 135 appearances for Chelsea, scoring 33 goals and winning both the Champions League and the Europa League alongside the FA Cup following a highly successful spell at the club, winning the Chelsea the Player of the Year award in two consecutive seasons. Chelsea began their 2014 FA Cup campaign with a comfortable 2–0 win against second tier side Derby County, managed by former England coach Steve McClaren. Victory came courtesy of a rare John Obi Mikel goal, scoring his second of the season despite not having scored since 2007 before his goal against Fulham in October, followed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7767829", "chunk_text": "\"Mikel Arteta\"\nthe 2008–09 season and the first five months of 2009–10. Over the course of the season, Arteta began to play again in the centre of the field, usually being partnered with a defensive midfielder, giving him the freedom to dictate the tempo of the game and connecting with Pienaar and Osman on the wing. Arteta made his return from injury in January 2010 as a substitute in an FA Cup tie against Birmingham City, before starting in a 2–1 home Premier League win against Chelsea. His first two goals of the season were scored in a 5–1 win over Hull", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4701304", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nmidfielder after they completed the £16 million signing in June 2006. In the aftermath of the transfer, Lyn Director Morgan Andersen, who had a previous conviction for forging official documents, was convicted of fraud and making false accusations; he was given a one-year suspended jail sentence by an Oslo court. The court also ordered him to pay 20,000 kroner (£1,944) in costs. Chelsea made a High Court claim for £16 million against Lyn and Andersen following the conviction, claiming that the previously agreed settlement was not binding as \"\"the transfer was based on a fraudulent misrepresentation, now proven by a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16502164", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.–Chelsea F.C. rivalry\"\n2018). Arsenal's record win was a 5–1 victory in a First Division match at Stamford Bridge on 29 November 1930. Chelsea's record win was a 6–0 victory at Stamford Bridge in the Premier League on 22 March 2014. Chelsea also had scored five goals against Arsenal at Highbury on 11 November 1998. On 29 September 2012, Chelsea became the first team to beat Arsenal three times at the Emirates with a 2–1 away victory. This followed a 4–1 win in 2009 and a 3–0 scoreline later that year. Didier Drogba holds the mark for the most derby goals with 13", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7767825", "chunk_text": "\"Mikel Arteta\"\nLeague when they finished fourth in the Premier League; however, they were knocked out by Villarreal in the last qualifying round. He scored his first Everton goal in a 4–0 victory over Crystal Palace, and signed a permanent five-year deal in July 2005 for a fee of £2 million. The 2005–06 season saw Arteta pick up both the Everton \"\"Fans' Player of the Season\"\" and the \"\"Players' Player of the Season\"\" awards. Arteta's good form extended into 2006–07. As well as retaining his starting place, he frequently turned in man-of-the-match displays, and finished the season with nine goals from the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4701303", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nChelsea, Manchester United and Lyn reached a settlement to resolve the future of the player. Mikel's registration was to be transferred from Lyn to Chelsea; Manchester United agreed to terminate their option agreement with Mikel. Under the terms of this agreement, Chelsea agreed to pay United £12 million, half paid upon the finalization of the contract and the other half in June 2007, and Lyn £4 million, half payable immediately and half in June 2007. As a result of this settlement, all claims in this matter were withdrawn. On 19 July 2006, Chelsea were granted a work permit for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9234467", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Lampard\"\nthe winning goal in extra-time, as Chelsea won it 1–0. In a post-match interview following Chelsea's FA Cup Final victory over Manchester United, Lampard said he wanted to stay at the club \"\"forever\"\". Lampard's 2007–08 season was hampered by injury. He managed to play 40 matches, 24 of them in the Premier League. This was the fewest number of league games he had played in a season since 1996–97. On 16 February 2008, Lampard became the eighth Chelsea player to score 100 goals for the club in a 3–1 FA Cup fifth-round win over Huddersfield Town. After the final whistle,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9234484", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Lampard\"\nvictory over Southampton. On 6 January 2013, Lampard's agent Steve Kutner announced that Lampard would not be offered a new contract with Chelsea and would leave when his contract expired in June 2013. On 12 January 2013, Lampard scored a penalty in the 4–0 win over Stoke City at the Britannia Stadium. This goal made Lampard Chelsea's second-highest goalscorer of all-time with 194 goals and moved him clear of Kerry Dixon and putting him eight goals behind Bobby Tambling in first. He scored his 199th goal for Chelsea in a 4–0 FA Cup victory over Brentford on 17 February, becoming", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3154094", "chunk_text": "\"Chelsea F.C.\"\npassed Bobby Tambling's longstanding record of 202 in May 2013. Seven other players have also scored over 100 goals for Chelsea: George Hilsdon (1906–12), George Mills (1929–39), Roy Bentley (1948–56), Jimmy Greaves (1957–61), Peter Osgood (1964–74 and 1978–79), Kerry Dixon (1983–92) and Didier Drogba (2004–12 and 2014–2015). Greaves holds the record for the most goals scored in one season (43 in 1960–61). Chelsea's biggest winning scoreline in a competitive match is 13–0, achieved against Jeunesse Hautcharage in the Cup Winners' Cup in 1971. The club's biggest top-flight win was an 8–0 victory against Wigan Athletic in 2010, which was matched", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4701296", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nplayer's original move to Europe with a view to signing him at a later date. Further substance was added to this claim after it was revealed that the player had impressed Chelsea manager José Mourinho while training with the club's first-team squad during the summer of 2004. Mikel expressed his delight at joining United in a hastily arranged press conference, where he was pictured holding up a Manchester United shirt bearing the squad number 21. Following his signing of the contract to join United, there were claims from Norway that he had received a number of threatening phone calls from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6761536", "chunk_text": "\"Mikel Arteta\"\nArteta signed a one-year extension with Arsenal for 2015-16 and came on as a substitute as Arsenal beat Chelsea 1–0 to win the 2015 FA Community Shield, his first competitive appearance for the club since November 2014. His final game for Arsenal came on the last day of the season. Arteta came on as a substitute and forced Aston Villa goalkeeper Mark Bunn into scoring an own goal after his shot went off the crossbar. He received a standing ovation from the crowd at full time. Arteta was eligible for the Spanish national team. He went on to play for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14821251", "chunk_text": "\"2013–14 Chelsea F.C. season\"\ngame losing streak in all competitions against Fulham. The 2–0 victory was secured by two close-range finishes by Oscar and John Obi Mikel respectively, the latter being a staggering surprise, as Mikel had not scored for Chelsea since 2007 and became the source of many jokes between Chelsea fans. After two well-worked goals from Fernando Torres and Ramires, Chelsea comfortably defeated Swindon Town in their League Cup third round tie on 24 September to set up a trip to the Emirates to face local rivals Arsenal. Four days later, Chelsea faced another local rival in Tottenham. The game ended all", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19904000", "chunk_text": "\"Olivier Giroud\"\nOlivier Giroud Olivier Giroud (; born 30 September 1986) is a French professional footballer who plays as a forward for club Chelsea and the France national team. He began his career at Grenoble in Ligue 2 before joining Tours in 2008. In his second season at Tours, he was the division's top scorer with 21 goals, earning him a move to top-flight side Montpellier. Giroud was again the top scorer with 21 goals in the 2011–12 season, giving the club their first ever Ligue 1 title before moving to Arsenal. Giroud won the FA Cup with Arsenal in 2014, 2015", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14916396", "chunk_text": "\"Mikel Alonso\"\nin the second matchday, a 1–0 home win against Athletic Bilbao. However, he appeared less regularly in the final stretch, as the Canarians were eventually relegated back. In late June 2011, following another Tenerife relegation, 31-year-old Alonso returned to England, joining Football League One club Charlton Athletic. He made his official debut on 5 October in the Football League Trophy tie at The Valley against Brentford, conceding a penalty in an eventual 0–3 loss. Alonso was released at the end of the season, without making any appearances in any of the three major competitions. On 14 July 2014, after nearly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9234487", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Lampard\"\nformer club West Ham in a 3–0 win. Lampard moved to fourth on the all-time Premier League goal-scoring list on 2 December by beating Robbie Fowlers number of 164 goals. On 22 February 2014, Lampard scored a stoppage-time winner against Everton, initially credited to John Terry but awarded to Lampard by the Dubious Goals Committee, keeping Chelsea in first place. On 2 April, he played his 100th Champions League match, losing 3–1 to Paris Saint-Germain. On 5 April 2014, Lampard scored 250th goal of his club career in a 3–0 win against Stoke. On 23 May 2014, Lampard was included", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12556130", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\non to the bronze medal match against Honduras. On 20 August, Mikel helped Nigeria to the bronze medal in a 3–2 victory over Honduras. Nigeria became the first ever country to win all three medals at the Olympic Games with the 1996 squad winning the gold and 2008 squad winning the silver. Chelsea Nigeria Individual On 12 August 2011, Mikel's father, Michael Obi, was the victim of a suspected kidnapping in Nigeria. Mikel was informed before Chelsea's match against Stoke City two days later but opted to play despite his concerns for his father's well-being. On 15 August 2011, Mikel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11993440", "chunk_text": "\"Bobby Tambling\"\nBobby Tambling Robert Victor Tambling (born 18 September 1941) is an English former professional footballer, who played as a forward, most notably for Chelsea, Crystal Palace and England. He was Chelsea's all-time top scorer for 47 years, with 202 goals in all competitions until Frank Lampard surpassed this total on 11 May 2013. Tambling remains Chelsea's all-time top scorer in league competition with 164 goals. After enjoying a successful career in the Football League during the 1960s and early 1970s, Tambling moved to Ireland. He subsequently played for several clubs in the League of Ireland and also represented the League", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "914916", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\nred card, but the three-match suspension was upheld. Mikel was also sent off in the semi-final of the League Cup against Everton for a challenge on Phil Neville. Despite this, he came back strongly to round off what has been a good first two seasons for him at Chelsea. The summer of 2008 saw veteran defensive midfielder Claude Makélélé transferred to French club Paris Saint-Germain, leaving the defensive midfield position vacant. Throughout the 2008–09 season, Mikel saw a great deal of playing time due to an injury to Michael Essien. During this period of increased action, Mikel performed admirably in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9234465", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Lampard\"\nChelsea proggresed to the first knock-out round to face Barcelona, with Lampard scoring a goal in the second leg, but Chelsea were eliminated 3–2 on aggregate. Due to a back injury sustained by John Terry, Lampard spent much of the 2006–07 campaign as team captain in his absence. He enjoyed a streak of seven goals in eight games. He scored both goals in a 2–0 win over Fulham and scored his 77th goal for Chelsea from a long range strike in a 3–2 win over Everton on 17 December, overtaking Dennis Wise as Chelsea's highest scoring midfielder. Then in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3154093", "chunk_text": "\"Chelsea F.C.\"\nthe country, found that many clubs' main rivals had changed since 2003 and reported that Chelsea fans consider Tottenham to be their main rival, above Arsenal and Manchester United. Chelsea's highest appearance-maker is ex-captain Ron Harris, who played in 795 competitive games for the club between 1961 and 1980. The record for a Chelsea goalkeeper is held by Harris's contemporary, Peter Bonetti, who made 729 appearances (1959–79). With 103 caps (101 while at the club), Frank Lampard of England is Chelsea's most capped international player. Frank Lampard is Chelsea's all-time top goalscorer, with 211 goals in 648 games (2001–2014); he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11333426", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Lampard\"\nPremier League player. He started the 2008–09 season by scoring five goals in his first eleven league matches. He scored the 150th goal of his club career with a goal against Manchester City in the Premier League. In October 2008, in the Premier League he scored a chipped goal against Hull City with his left foot; he unleashed a chip from 20 yards that curled and swerved and fooled the goalkeeper as it went into the net. FIFA World Cup-winning coach Luiz Felipe Scolari said after the game, \"\"It was the best goal I have seen, my vote for World", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17674082", "chunk_text": "\"Olivier Giroud\"\nfor the brand of which was released in August 2016. Often using elaborate moves in his goal celebrations, Giroud’s ‘Glamour slide’ goal celebration is included in EA Sports' \"\"FIFA 16\"\". Montpellier Arsenal Chelsea France Olivier Giroud Olivier Giroud (; born 30 September 1986) is a French professional footballer who plays as a forward for club Chelsea and the France national team. He began his career at Grenoble in Ligue 2 before joining Tours in 2008. In his second season at Tours, he was the division's top scorer with 21 goals, earning him a move to top-flight side Montpellier. Giroud was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3324283", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Lampard\"\nPlayer of the year award will go to him, only a player with his intelligence could have done that.\"\" Lampard scored his hundredth career Premier League goal in a 5–0 victory over Sunderland on 2 November. Eighteen of Lampard's hundred goals were penalties. He was named Premier League Player of the Month for the third time in his career in October. After a streak of matches without scoring, Lampard scored three goals in two games, the first being against West Bromwich Albion and the latter two against Fulham. On 17 January 2009, he made his 400th Chelsea appearance against Stoke", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9234445", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Lampard\"\nFrank Lampard Frank James Lampard, (born 20 June 1978) is an English football manager and former professional footballer. He is the manager of Championship club Derby County. He is the all-time leading goalscorer for Chelsea, where he played for 13 years, and is considered by a number of journalists and football experts to be one of the greatest midfielders of his generation, and as Chelsea's greatest ever player by some Chelsea players. Lampard began his career at West Ham United, for whom his father Frank Lampard Sr. had also played. He secured a place in the first team by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "914914", "chunk_text": "\"John Obi Mikel\"\ntriumph in the League Cup final in 2007, Mikel was sent off in injury time (having come on as a substitute) after clashing with Kolo Touré. The incident was followed by a huge fracas, in which Touré and Emmanuel Adebayor of Arsenal were sent off, Cesc Fàbregas and Frank Lampard were booked and Mourinho and Arsène Wenger were involved in a kerfuffle on the pitch. In subsequent games, Mourinho deployed Mikel as a starter in a holding role in key games where he impressed greatly, notably in the Chelsea–Tottenham Hotspur FA Cup sixth round replay, the Champions League quarter-final games", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7767826", "chunk_text": "\"Mikel Arteta\"\n35 league games he played. Arteta was awarded the \"\"Player of the Season Award\"\" for the second consecutive year. He was also voted the Premiership's 'Midfielder of the Year' by the readers of Sky Sports, beating PFA Players' Player of the Year Cristiano Ronaldo. Arteta's creativity was an essential part of Everton's attacking play the following season, and he had scored six goals by the end of January. That improved further a season later, with Arteta scoring nine times in the 2006–07 season and once again ending the season as the Player of the Year. He helped Everton secure a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3311	how many players on the line of scrimmage in american football?	n/a	[ "at least seven players", "at least seven", "seven" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18333961", "chunk_text": "\"American football plays\"\nas described above. The offensive team must have seven players on the line of scrimmage at the start of a play. Those players may be positioned at any place along the line of scrimmage (which extends all of the way across the playing field). The defensive team may position as many as 11 players on the line of scrimmage. Usually, there are from 3 to 8 defensive players on the line of scrimmage. In a running play, the ball is advanced beyond the line of scrimmage by a player who receives it from behind the line of scrimmage. The player", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11229701", "chunk_text": "\"Formation (American football)\"\nits side of the neutral zone, and players are free to move at any time before the snap, but all defensive players must remain on their side of the neutral zone (defined as the width of the ball) before the snap. If they line up on the wrong side of the line, the offending players are offside. The exception is during a field goal attempt, PAT, or punt. The defense is only allowed a maximum of 6 players on the line of scrimmage on either side of the snapper at the snap. Having 7 or more players on the line", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13493866", "chunk_text": "\"American football rules\"\nplay and catch the ball, although they will also block in some instances. The players on offense must arrange themselves in a formation, all behind their line of scrimmage (that is, on their side of the ball). For reasons of safety and competitive balance, there are strict rules which define the way in which the offensive players may line up. Seven players must line up directly on the line of scrimmage while four players line up behind the line of scrimmage. Within this formation, there are six eligible receivers who may receive a forward pass during play. These eligible receivers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19873786", "chunk_text": "\"Six-man football\"\nFurthermore, the game specifies a 15-yard distance (14-m) from the line of scrimmage to gain a first down, instead of the normal 10 yards (9 m). All six players are eligible to be receivers. On offense, three linemen are required on the line of scrimmage at the start of the play. The player to whom the ball is snapped cannot run the ball past the line of scrimmage; however, if the ball is tossed to another player, that player can run or throw the ball and the player to whom the ball was snapped is still an eligible receiver. All", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5415100", "chunk_text": "\"American football positions\"\nand receivers are also commonly known as skill position players or as eligible receivers (or eligible ball carriers). Offensive linemen are not eligible to advance the ball past the line of scrimmage during a play. The organization of the offense is strictly mandated by the rules; there must be at least seven players on the line of scrimmage and no more than four players (known collectively as \"\"backs\"\") behind it. The only players eligible to handle the ball during a normal play are the backs and the two players on the end of the line (the \"\"ends\"\"). The remaining players", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17160549", "chunk_text": "\"Gridiron football\"\nplayers (seven in standard American and Canadian football, four in standard indoor ball) on the offense must line up on the line of scrimmage in this formation, including the snapper, who handles the ball before play commences; the rest can (and almost always do) line up behind the line. Neither the offense nor the defense can cross the line of scrimmage before the play commences. Once the formation is set, the snapper snaps the ball to one of the players behind him. (A snapper must snap the ball within 20 to 25 seconds of the official setting the ball back", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "108702", "chunk_text": "\"Canadian football\"\n(line from sideline to sideline for the length of the ball) is referred to as the line of scrimmage. This line is similar to \"\"no-man's land\"\"; players must stay on their respective sides of this line until the play has begun again. For a scrimmage to be valid the team in possession of the football must have seven players, excluding the quarterback, within one yard of the line of scrimmage. The defending team must stay a yard or more back from the line of scrimmage. On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8606218", "chunk_text": "\"Offensive backfield\"\nthe beginning of the play. There are many rules which differ for play in the offensive backfield as opposed to play in front of the line of scrimmage. The 1906 football rule reforms mandated that the offensive team line up with at least seven players on the line of scrimmage, which are now commonly called \"\"lineman\"\". Therefore, a maximum of four players are allowed in the offensive backfield. The other players not on the line of scrimmage may be positioned anywhere, but all must be at least 1 yard behind the seven or more players on the line of scrimmage.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5415098", "chunk_text": "\"American football positions\"\nAmerican football positions In American football each team has 11 players on the field at one time. The specific role that a player takes on the field is called his position. Under the modern rules of American football, teams are allowed unlimited substitutions; that is, teams may change any number of players after any play. This has resulted in the development of three \"\"platoons\"\" of players: the offense (the team with the ball, which is trying to score), the defense (the team trying to prevent the other team from scoring, and to take the ball from them), and the special", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8480326", "chunk_text": "\"Eligible receiver\"\non the defensive team is considered eligible. The offensive team must have at least seven players lined up on the line of scrimmage. Of the players on the line of scrimmage, only the two players on the ends of the line of scrimmage are eligible receivers. The remaining players are in the backfield (four in American football, five in Canadian football), including the quarterback. These backfield players are also eligible receivers. In the National Football League, a quarterback who takes his stance behind center as a T-formation quarterback is not eligible unless, before the ball is snapped, he legally moves", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5627332", "chunk_text": "\"Eight-man football\"\ngames reaching the 70s and \"\"low scoring\"\" games falling below 30. Eight-man football is noted for producing multi-skilled players that are responsible for playing several positions, which require speed, agility, and strength. A variety of offensive formations can be used in eight-man football, most of which are converted from traditional eleven-man formations. Eight-man football rules require five players to be on the line of scrimmage with players on each end remaining pass eligible. The interior of the line consists of two guards and a center. Most often, the line players on the edges of the formation are tight ends, or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12803250", "chunk_text": "\"Starting lineup\"\nbe denoted by a number as well as by a name. In that instance, the associated number is used as well. If a common abbreviation is known, the abbreviation is listed after the associated number. In American football since the 1950s, most upper level teams use a three-platoon system, each with its own starting lineup. The starting lineups for offense and defense, each with eleven players, typically get the most attention. The starting lineups are defined as the eleven players who take the first offensive or defensive play from scrimmage of a given game. (An offensive player does not have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7979302", "chunk_text": "\"End (gridiron football)\"\nEnd (gridiron football) An end in American and Canadian football is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles. Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on the end of the line constitutes an eligible receiver. Before the advent of two platoons, in which teams fielded distinct defensive and offensive units, players that lined up on the ends of the line on both offense and defense were referred to simply as \"\"ends\"\". The position was used", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9228820", "chunk_text": "\"Line of scrimmage\"\nlines of scrimmage at the outset of each play: one that restricts the offense and one that restricts the defense. The area between the two lines (representing the length of the ball as extended to both sidelines) is called the \"\"neutral zone\"\". Only the center, the offensive player who snaps the ball, is allowed to have any part of his body in the neutral zone. In order for there to be a legal beginning of a play, a certain number of the players on the offensive team, including certain eligible receivers, must be at, on or within a few inches", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5415103", "chunk_text": "\"American football positions\"\nmany years, the standard set consisted of the quarterback, two running backs (a tailback/halfback and a fullback), two wide receivers (a flanker and a split end) and a tight end. Modern teams show a wide variety of formations, from a \"\"full house\"\" formation with three running backs, two tight ends, and no wide receivers, to \"\"spread\"\" formations featuring four or five wide receivers, sometimes without any running backs. The I formation is one of the most common. The defensive team or defense is the team that begins a play from scrimmage not in possession of the ball. The objective of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3722895", "chunk_text": "\"History of American football positions\"\nthe forwards) was fixed at three per team. It became customary for six to eight of the other players to continue as what might be known in rugby as loose (non-packing, i.e. not binding together) forwards who in Canadian football formed \"\"wing lines\"\" on either side of the scrimmage. In scrimmage, each team had one centre scrimmager flanked by two side scrimmagers. The side scrimmagers bound with hands and arms to their centre scrimmager. The centre scrimmager of the side entitled (and required) to do so would put the ball down in front of him for play by scrimmage, while", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17473769", "chunk_text": "\"Touch football (American)\"\nfrom traditional American football. Touch football can be played by teams as few as two or as many as eleven on each side; usually, games consist of teams of four to seven. Positions in touch football are far less formal than its more organized counterpart. While some games roughly follow conventions, more often, all players will be considered eligible receivers (as in six-man football), and there are usually no running backs. There may or may not be a snapper; if there is not, the quarterback initiates play by hovering the ball above the line of scrimmage and pulling it backward", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7835355", "chunk_text": "\"Eight-in-the-box defense\"\nEight-in-the-box defense In American football, an eight-in-the-box defense is a defensive alignment in which 8 of the 11 defensive players are close to the line of scrimmage. The area occupied by defensive linemen and linebackers is often referred to as \"\"the box\"\". The box is usually about 3-5 yards in depth and spans the offensive line in width. Normally five to seven defensive players occupy this area but frequently another player is brought into the box for run support against smashmouth-oriented offensive teams or short yardage situations. The most common occurrence of eight in the box in the NFL involves", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4275905", "chunk_text": "\"Eight-in-the-box defense\"\nEight-in-the-box defense In American football, an eight-in-the-box defense is a defensive alignment in which 8 of the 11 defensive players are close to the line of scrimmage. The area occupied by defensive linemen and linebackers is often referred to as \"\"the box\"\". The box is usually about 3-5 yards in depth and spans the offensive line in width. Normally five to seven defensive players occupy this area but frequently another player is brought into the box for run support against smashmouth-oriented offensive teams or short yardage situations. The most common occurrence of eight in the box in the NFL involves", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15655151", "chunk_text": "\"Play from scrimmage\"\nPlay from scrimmage A play from scrimmage is the activity of the games of Canadian football and American football during which one team tries to advance the ball, get a first down, or to score, and the other team tries to stop them or take the ball away. Once a play is over, and before the next play starts, the football is considered dead. A game of American football (or Canadian Football) consists of many (about 120-150) such plays. The term is also used to denote a specific plan of action, or its execution, under a particular set of circumstances", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12010189", "chunk_text": "\"Formation (American football)\"\nbe two additional players on the line of scrimmage called ends. These players are eligible receivers and may play near the linemen (tight ends) or farther away (split end or wide receiver). Most teams play additional players near (but still off) the line of scrimmage to act as extra pass receivers. Up to four players can be behind the offensive line, but one is always designated the quarterback (defined as the player who receives the ball from the center). Upon the snap of the ball, the quarterback becomes the \"\"ball carrier\"\". The ball carrier has five options: The three other", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14313753", "chunk_text": "\"American football\"\nAmerican football American football, referred to as football in the United States and Canada and also known as gridiron, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end. The offense, which is the team controlling the oval-shaped football, attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball, while the defense, which is the team without control of the ball, aims to stop the offense's advance and aims to take control of the ball for themselves. The offense must advance at least ten yards in four", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15655157", "chunk_text": "\"Play from scrimmage\"\nas a turnover. Play from scrimmage A play from scrimmage is the activity of the games of Canadian football and American football during which one team tries to advance the ball, get a first down, or to score, and the other team tries to stop them or take the ball away. Once a play is over, and before the next play starts, the football is considered dead. A game of American football (or Canadian Football) consists of many (about 120-150) such plays. The term is also used to denote a specific plan of action, or its execution, under a particular", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3722921", "chunk_text": "\"History of American football positions\"\n\"\"wideouts\"\"—they play from wide of the rest of the formation. Note, however, that the playing rules still distinguish between ends and backs on offense. There are differences as to the motions, the players in those positions are allowed to make, during and preparatory to their team's snapping the ball. At the time they snap the ball, the team is required to have seven players (minus any number their side is playing short in Canadian football) on their line of scrimmage, which includes split or tight ends, but not flankers or wingbacks. Meanwhile, the distinction between fullback and halfback was erased,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2689699", "chunk_text": "\"American football\"\ncan snap the ball. An offensive formation is considered illegal if there are more than four players in the backfield or fewer than five players numbered 50–79 on the offensive line. Players can temporarily line up in a position whose eligibility is different from what their number permits as long as they immediately report the change to the referee, who then informs the defensive team of the change. Neither team's players, with the exception of the snapper, are allowed to line up in or cross the neutral zone until the ball is snapped. Interior offensive linemen are not allowed to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "952258", "chunk_text": "\"Formation (American football)\"\nFormation (American football) A formation in football refers to the position players line up in before the start of a down. There are both offensive and defensive formations and there are many formations in both categories. Sometimes, formations are referred to as packages. At the highest level of play in the NFL and NCAA, the one constant in all formations is the offensive line, consisting of the left and right tackle, left and right guard, and a center. These five positions are often referred to collectively as the \"\"line\"\", and have the primary role of blocking. By rule there must", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9794928", "chunk_text": "\"Formation (American football)\"\nplayer football field. Formation (American football) A formation in football refers to the position players line up in before the start of a down. There are both offensive and defensive formations and there are many formations in both categories. Sometimes, formations are referred to as packages. At the highest level of play in the NFL and NCAA, the one constant in all formations is the offensive line, consisting of the left and right tackle, left and right guard, and a center. These five positions are often referred to collectively as the \"\"line\"\", and have the primary role of blocking. By", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12886798", "chunk_text": "\"Continental Indoor Football League\"\nin motion in any direction behind the line of scrimmage prior to the snap. Offensive Linemen – Three linemen must be in a three- or four-point stance prior to the snap. They must line up guard, center, guard and next to one another. Any offensive lineman not covered up by the fourth man on the line of scrimmage is an eligible receiver if he is wearing an eligible receiver number (1-49, 80-89). Defensive Linemen – There must be three defensive linemen, and they must line up on the nose, or can line up inside foot-to-outside foot outside of an offensive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6091639", "chunk_text": "\"Early history of American football\"\ndown-and-distance rules. The 1880 season also saw the first year of 11 players to a team. From 1869 to 1873, one saw 25 players to a side. From 1873 to 1875, one saw 20 players per side. 1876 to 1879 saw 15 players per side. Camp's new scrimmage rules revolutionized the game, though not always as intended. Princeton, in particular, used scrimmage play to slow the game, making incremental progress towards the end zone during each down. Rather than increase scoring, which had been Camp's original intent, the rule was exploited to maintain control of the ball for the entire", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11229700", "chunk_text": "\"Formation (American football)\"\nmost commonly occupied by defensive linemen and linebackers. The \"\"secondary\"\" can refer to the defensive backs as a group, or to the area behind the linebackers usually occupied by defensive backs. The two standard NFL defenses, the 4-3 and the 3-4, have 7 players in the box. The phrase \"\"8 in the box\"\" is used to indicate that 1 of the 2 safeties has moved into the box to defend against the run. The three basic defensive positions are: Rules regarding defensive formations are not as complex or strict as their offensive counterparts. The defense may line up anywhere on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8220075", "chunk_text": "\"Early history of American football\"\nthe introduction of rugby-style rules to American football, Camp became a fixture at the Massasoit House conventions where rules were debated and changed. Dissatisfied with what seemed to him to be a disorganized mob, he proposed his first rule change at the first meeting he attended in 1878: a reduction from fifteen players to eleven. The motion was rejected at that time but passed in 1880. The effect was to open up the game and emphasize speed over strength. Camp's most famous change, the establishment of the line of scrimmage and the snap from center to quarterback, was also passed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13493867", "chunk_text": "\"American football rules\"\nare either the running back, fullback, tight end, or wide receivers. The remaining five linemen, often called \"\"interior linemen\"\" do not normally handle the ball during a play. Because of these rules, various leagues of American football have enacted strict rules of uniform numbering so officials may more easily judge which players were eligible and which were not at the start of a play. For example, in college football, ineligible players wear numbers 50–79, while eligible receivers wear 1–49 or 80–99. Even within this structure, offenses can still present a wide number of formations, so long as they maintain the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13493868", "chunk_text": "\"American football rules\"\n\"\"seven and four\"\" arrangement. Receivers, for example, may play close to the other linemen or they may play some distance down the line of scrimmage, where they would sometimes be called split ends. Of the four backs, they may play behind the linemen, or may play \"\"split out\"\" to provide additional wide receivers. These additional receivers can be flankers (if they play split far wide, but still in the backfield) or slot receivers if they play in the \"\"slot\"\" between the split end and the rest of the offensive line. The players on defense may arrange themselves in any manner,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8171204", "chunk_text": "\"Personnel grouping (gridiron football)\"\namount of running backs and tight ends on the field. For example, if there are one running back and two tight ends on the field, the grouping is called 12 personnel. If there are two running backs and one tight end, the grouping is referred to as 21 personnel. The number of wide receivers on the field is inferred, based on the fact that 11 players are allowed on the field. Defenses are also able to substitute players that will allow them to match up more favorably against the personnel group that is used by the offense. In 2013, NFL", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15096700", "chunk_text": "\"Line of scrimmage\"\ncame into use in 1880. Developed by Walter Camp (who introduced many innovations that are part of the modern game of American football), it replaced a contested scrimmage that had descended from the game's rugby roots. This uncontested line of scrimmage would set into motion many more rules that lead to the formation of the modern form of American football. Line of scrimmage In American and Canadian football, a line of scrimmage is an imaginary transverse line (across the width of the football field) beyond which a team cannot cross until the next play has begun. Its location is based", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9228822", "chunk_text": "\"Line of scrimmage\"\nReferees, when explaining a penalty, will refer to \"\"the previous spot\"\" instead of the \"\"line of scrimmage\"\" in order to avoid confusion. Modern video techniques enable broadcasts of American football to display a visible line on the screen representing the line of scrimmage. The line is tapered according to camera angle and gets occluded by players and other objects as if the line were painted on the field. The line may represent the line of scrimmage or the minimum distance that the ball must be moved for the offensive team to achieve a first down. The line of scrimmage first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5415102", "chunk_text": "\"American football positions\"\nwhen a player who is normally an offensive lineman takes a different position on the field. The offensive line consists of: The six backs and receivers are those that line up outside or behind the offensive line. There are four main positions in this set of players: Depending on the style of offense the coaches have designed, the game situation, and the relative skill sets of the players, teams may run formations which contain any number of running backs, wide receivers, and tight ends, so long as the mandated \"\"four backs and seven on the line\"\" rule is followed. For", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11919581", "chunk_text": "\"History of American football\"\nwith what seemed to him to be a disorganized mob, he proposed his first rule change at the first meeting he attended in 1878: a reduction from fifteen players to eleven. The motion was rejected at that time but passed in 1880. The effect was to open up the game and emphasize speed over strength. Camp's most famous change, the establishment of the line of scrimmage and the snap from center to quarterback, was also passed in 1880. Originally, the snap was executed with the foot of the center. Later changes made it possible to snap the ball with the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5415107", "chunk_text": "\"American football positions\"\nof linebackers and defensive linemen, when there is a need to cover additional pass receivers. Defensive formations are often known by a numerical code indicating the number of players at each position. The two most common formations are the 3–4 defense and the 4–3 defense, where the first number refers to the number of defensive linemen, and the second number refers to the number of linebackers (the number of defensive backs can be inferred, since there should be eleven players on the field.) Thus, 3–4 defense will consist of three defensive linemen (usually a nose tackle and two defensive ends),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7880315", "chunk_text": "\"Nine-man football\"\nis reduced to 50 yards by 50 yards. The rules require that the offense align four players in the backfield and five on the line of scrimmage. A standard I formation has a quarterback, a fullback, a tailback, and five linemen. Usually, the outside linemen are a tight end and a wide receiver, but the alignment varies by formation. The fourth player in the offensive backfield often plays as an additional wide receiver or tight end. A common defensive formation is the 3-3-2, with three defensive linemen, three linebackers, and two defensive backs with one safety. The games are frequently", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8845851", "chunk_text": "Cornerback\ndefend against the offense's pass. The rules of American professional football and American college football do not mandate starting position, movement, or coverage zones for any member of the defense. There are no \"\"illegal defense\"\" formations. Cornerbacks can be anywhere on the defensive side of the line of scrimmage at the start of play, although their proximity, formations, and strategies are outlined by the coaching staff or captain. Most modern National Football League defensive formations use four defensive backs (two safeties and two corners); Canadian Football League defenses generally use five defensive backs (one safety, two defensive halfbacks, and two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5415105", "chunk_text": "\"American football positions\"\nsets of players, and several individual positions. Like their offensive counterparts, defensive linemen (also called rushers) line up directly on the line of scrimmage, close to the ball. There are two positions usually considered part of the defensive line: Often, though not always, a defensive lineman will have his \"\"hand(s) on the ground,\"\" in a three- or four-point stance before the ball is snapped; this distinguishes his pre-snap stance from a linebacker, who begins in a two-point stance (i.e. without a hand touching the ground). Linebackers play behind the defensive line and perform various duties depending on the situation, including", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15379497", "chunk_text": "\"Comparison of American and Canadian football\"\nis in position to block following the snap. The defensive team must stay a set distance away from the line of scrimmage on their side of the line. In Canadian football, the distance between the line of scrimmage and the defensive team is one full yard. Because of this one-yard distance, teams will tend to gamble on \"\"third and one\"\" or \"\"third and inches\"\". If a team has possession within one yard of either goal line, the line of scrimmage is moved to the one-yard line. In American football, the set distance between the offensive and defensive teams is eleven", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5415108", "chunk_text": "\"American football positions\"\nfour linebackers, and four defensive backs (two cornerbacks, a strong safety, and a free safety) Special teams are units that are on the field during kicking plays. While many players who appear on offensive or defensive squads also play similar roles on special teams (offensive linemen to block, or defensive players to tackle) there are some specialist roles which are unique to the kicking game. American football positions In American football each team has 11 players on the field at one time. The specific role that a player takes on the field is called his position. Under the modern rules", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9228819", "chunk_text": "\"Line of scrimmage\"\nLine of scrimmage In American and Canadian football, a line of scrimmage is an imaginary transverse line (across the width of the football field) beyond which a team cannot cross until the next play has begun. Its location is based on the spot where the ball is placed after the end of the most recent play and following the assessment of any penalty yards. A line of scrimmage is parallel to the goal lines and touches one edge of the ball where it sits on the ground prior to the snap. Under NFL, NCAA, and NFHS rules, there are two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3722897", "chunk_text": "\"History of American football positions\"\nuse the nomenclature (see above) of quarterback, halfback, and fullback, and sometimes included one or two flying wings (see below). When six played on the winglines, their positions were called \"\"inside wing\"\", \"\"middle wing\"\", and \"\"outside wing\"\", arrayed in order away from the scrimmage. An additional player called \"\"flying wing\"\" could \"\"fly\"\", between a position on the wingline outside the outside wing, and the backfield. However, the 14-a-side game's rules never required certain numbers of players in either the winglines or the backfield. With the later reduction in sides from 14 to 12 players, and introduction of the thrown (not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15437748", "chunk_text": "\"Lineman (gridiron football)\"\nLineman (gridiron football) In gridiron football, a lineman is a player who specializes in play at the line of scrimmage. The linemen of the team currently in possession of the ball are the offensive line, while linemen on the opposing team are the defensive line. A number of NFL rules specifically address restrictions and requirements for the offensive line, whose job is to help protect the quarterback from getting sacked for a loss, or worse, fumbling. The defensive line is covered by the same rules that apply to all defensive players. Linemen are usually the largest players on the field", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9228821", "chunk_text": "\"Line of scrimmage\"\nof their line of scrimmage. In American football, the set distance of the line of scrimmage between the offense and defense is , the length of the ball. In Canadian football, the set distance of the line of scrimmage is , almost three times as long as the American line. Many fans and commentators refer colloquially to the entire neutral zone as the \"\"line of scrimmage,\"\" although this is technically not correct. Others use the general term to refer specifically to the defensive line of scrimmage, since it is the line relevant to the measurement of progress toward the goal.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7519249", "chunk_text": "\"Snap (gridiron football)\"\nthree—a \"\"centre scrimmager\"\" bound on either side by props called \"\"side scrimmagers\"\". The centre scrimmager was later renamed the \"\"snap\"\", and in intercollegiate play one side was given the right to put foot to ball first. Beginning regionally again and universally by 1923, the Burnside rules led to the 3-man scrimmage being reduced to the centre alone, the number of players on the field being reduced commensurately from 14 to 12, and a snap rule and neutral zone similar to that of American football was adopted. In addition to the between-the-legs requirement noted above, for several years after the adoption", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3534182", "chunk_text": "\"American football rules\"\ncan vary, however their most common role is to help the cornerbacks cover the opponent's wide receivers, which is called \"\"double coverage\"\". The linemen and linebackers close to the line of scrimmage, are often referred to as playing \"\"in the box\"\". Players outside \"\"the box\"\" (usually cornerbacks and safeties) are collectively referred to as the \"\"secondary\"\". A scrimmage down begins with a \"\"snap\"\", where the center throws or hands the ball backward to one of the backs, usually the quarterback. The quarterback then either hands the ball off to a back, throws the ball, or runs with it himself. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3312	where does the last name cintron come from?	n/a	[ "Portuguese", "Spanish-French" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15529146", "chunk_text": "\"Quinctia (gens)\"\ncognomen \"\"Capitolinus\"\" is derived from the \"\"Mons Capitolinus\"\", or Capitoline Hill, one of the famous seven hills of Rome. The agnomen \"\"Barbatus\"\" of this family means \"\"bearded\"\". The surname \"\"Cincinnatus\"\" refers to someone with fine, curly hair, as does the agnomen \"\"Crispinus\"\", which belonged to the later Capitolini. A few of the Quinctii bear both the surnames \"\"Cincinnatus\"\" and \"\"Capitolinus\"\", and men of both families also bore the cognomen \"\"Pennus\"\" (sometimes found as \"\"Poenus\"\"). According to Isidore, this surname had the meaning of \"\"sharp\"\": \"\"\"\"pennum antiqui acutum dicebant\"\".\"\" Alternately the name could be connected with \"\"penna\"\", a feather, or wing.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4611533", "chunk_text": "\"Cerviño\"\nCerviño Cerviño is a surname originally from the province of Pontevedra, in the autonomous community of Galicia in northwestern Spain. In Galician, the native language of the region, it means \"\"little deer\"\", the \"\"-iño\"\" ending being very characteristic of this romance language. The surname Cerviño derives directly from the Latin \"\"cervus\"\" and has also derived into Cervinho in Portuguese. Most branches of the Cerviño family originated in the province of Pontevedra and from there extended itself to other parts of Spain (like Ourense, A Coruña and parts of Andalusia) and several other countries, among which Uruguay, Cuba and Argentina can", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1278138", "chunk_text": "\"Pueyrredón (surname)\"\nPueyrredón (surname) The Pueyrredón surname has its origins in 13th century France. Initial variants were Puyredón, Puiredón, Puecheredón and Puitredón. The etymology comes from \"\"Podium Rotundum\"\". \"\"Puy\"\" (\"\"podium\"\" in Latin) means mountain or hill, and \"\"redón\"\" means round. So, Pueyrredón\"\" would mean \"\"rounded hill\"\". It was used at the Languedoc to name \"\"puy\"\" (podium) any lonely mountain. As such structures were strategically useful for the construction of castles, many royal families had names with the \"\"Puy\"\" element in them. Juan Martín de Pueyrredón is a noted member of the Pueyrredón family of Buenos Aires, with French ancestry. The surname had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13798778", "chunk_text": "\"Cimino family\"\nCimino family Cimino or Cimini is the name of one, two or many different families possibly originating from Orvieto. The origin of the name is disputed, but certainly a branch of the family has taken the name from the Cimini Hills, in Latium. The origin of the Cimini name in this context goes back to the Etruscan era. The use of Cimini as a family name can be traced through history. In a study of family names in Roman Legions, the name DeCiminus is found C. Catullius DeCiminus of Troyes was a Roman Federal priest of the Roman Cult in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13819185", "chunk_text": "Quinton\nQuinton Quinton is a place name, a surname or a masculine given name. The place name originates from Old English \"\"cwen\"\" \"\"queen\"\" or \"\"cwene\"\" \"\"woman\"\" and \"\"tun\"\" \"\"farmstead, estate\"\". The English surname and given name may originate from the English place name Quinton. The French surname \"\"Quinton\"\" [kɛ̃tɔ̃] is a common surname and a former given name. It is a variant form of \"\"Quenton\"\" [kɑ̃tɔ̃], itself from \"\"Quentin, Quintin\"\" with a usual replacement of the suffix \"\"-in\"\" (such as in the surnames \"\"Quintard, Quintier\"\") by \"\"-on\"\", suffix commonly used in the French given names (e. g. \"\"Marion, Yvon\"\") and surnames", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9424732", "chunk_text": "\"Pueyrredón (surname)\"\nnot acute accent at the \"\"o\"\", neither by the members of the family or by contemporary people. Nevertheless, the current usage always apply such accent, even at the transcription of historic documents. Pueyrredón (surname) The Pueyrredón surname has its origins in 13th century France. Initial variants were Puyredón, Puiredón, Puecheredón and Puitredón. The etymology comes from \"\"Podium Rotundum\"\". \"\"Puy\"\" (\"\"podium\"\" in Latin) means mountain or hill, and \"\"redón\"\" means round. So, Pueyrredón\"\" would mean \"\"rounded hill\"\". It was used at the Languedoc to name \"\"puy\"\" (podium) any lonely mountain. As such structures were strategically useful for the construction of castles,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13819186", "chunk_text": "Quinton\n(e.g. \"\"Creton, Crinon, Bricon\"\", etc.) Quinton may refer to: Quinton Quinton is a place name, a surname or a masculine given name. The place name originates from Old English \"\"cwen\"\" \"\"queen\"\" or \"\"cwene\"\" \"\"woman\"\" and \"\"tun\"\" \"\"farmstead, estate\"\". The English surname and given name may originate from the English place name Quinton. The French surname \"\"Quinton\"\" [kɛ̃tɔ̃] is a common surname and a former given name. It is a variant form of \"\"Quenton\"\" [kɑ̃tɔ̃], itself from \"\"Quentin, Quintin\"\" with a usual replacement of the suffix \"\"-in\"\" (such as in the surnames \"\"Quintard, Quintier\"\") by \"\"-on\"\", suffix commonly used in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13073597", "chunk_text": "\"Conchita Cintrón\"\nConchita Cintrón Concepción Cintrón Verrill, also known as Conchita Cintrón or La Diosa de Oro ('The Golden Goddess') (August 9, 1922 in Antofagasta – February 17, 2009 in Lisbon), was a Chile-born Peruvian torera (female bullfighter), perhaps the most famous in the history of bullfighting. In the ring Cintrón was said to display particular grace, style and bravado, a combination known as \"\"duende\"\". Cintrón was born in 1922 in Antofagasta, in northern Chile. Her father, Francisco Cintrón Ramos, was from Puerto Rico and the second Puerto Rican to graduate from West Point, Major General Luis R. Esteves being the first.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12667009", "chunk_text": "Citron\nthe origin of the genus name. A source of confusion is that \"\"citron\"\" or similar words in French (and other languages), and English are false friends, as they refer to the lemon. Indeed, into the 16th century, the English name citron included the lemon and perhaps the lime as well. In Italian it is known as a cedro. In Persian languages, it is called \"\"Turunj\"\", as against \"\"Naranj\"\" (bitter orange); both names borrowed by Arabic and introduced into Spain and Portugal after their occupation by the Muslims in AD 711, whence it became the source of the name \"\"orange\"\". In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9359222", "chunk_text": "\"History of Andalon (surname)\"\nHistory of Andalon (surname) The historical archives show the last name Andalon as first appearing in Spain and then in Mexico and the United States, respectively. Variations in the spelling of this surname throughout history include \"\"Andallón\"\" or \"\"Andayón\"\" (Castilian Spanish), \"\"Andalón\"\" (Mexican Spanish), \"\"Andalon\"\" (American English), and, the most archaic version, \"\"Andalionis\"\" (Roman Latin). Andalon traces its origins to , a north-west coastal province in Spain. Over several hundred years in , a municipality of Asturias, Andallón, which is an older derivation of Andalon, has been used to identify a town, river, street, church, chapel, religious festival, military fortress,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2444892", "chunk_text": "\"Carballo (name)\"\nCarballo (name) Carballo is originally a (Spanish, Galician, Catalan and Basque), surname. The surname derived from both a (Galician) and (Portuguese) word meaning Oak, referring to the families settlement's surroundings of forest on mountainous terrain in A Coruña, Galicia, the north western part of Spain. Throughout the years the surname has become more frequent among other countries and the name has had variances in its spelling. It widely became renowned in the early 1600s in the Spanish colonization of the Americas or New Spain and greatly expanded during the 1800s. Spreading from South America, Central America, Mexico and North America,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16093550", "chunk_text": "\"Nitza Margarita Cintrón\"\nNitza Margarita Cintrón Nitza Margarita Cintrón (born 1950) is a Puerto Rican scientist and Chief of Space Medicine and Health Care Systems Office at NASA's Johnson Space Center. Cintrón was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico, the capital city of the island. As a child, she lived throughout Europe, as her father was a member of the U.S. Army. When her father retired from the armed forces, they returned to Puerto Rico and settled down in Santurce, a barrio of San Juan. There she attended elementary and high school, where she excelled in science and mathematics. She dedicated many hours", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15395984", "chunk_text": "Sobalvarro\ncontinuously struggled to state its own independent country. The surname later spread throughout France and Spain and into parts of Italy. The surname appears in Germany, North America, and some parts of South and Central America, where it was assumed by native plantation workers on farms owned and operated by Sobalvarro families. Currently, the largest group of Sobalvarros are found in Central American countries, specifically in Nicaragua and Guatemala. The second largest density is found in regions of Italy: Vicenza, Venito or Venetia. The surname migrated to this part of Europe around 12th century A.D. The third largest population is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18440357", "chunk_text": "\"Maroon (people)\"\nWorld. Lyle Campbell says the Spanish word \"\"cimarrón\"\" means \"\"wild, unruly\"\" or \"\"runaway slave\"\". The linguist Leo Spitzer, writing in the journal \"\"Language\"\", says, \"\"If there is a connection between Eng. \"\"maroon\"\", Fr. \"\"marron\"\", and Sp. \"\"cimarrón\"\", Spain (or Spanish America) probably gave the word directly to England (or English America).\"\" The Cuban philologist José Juan Arrom has traced the origins of the word \"\"maroon\"\" further than the Spanish \"\"cimarrón\"\", used first in Hispaniola to refer to feral cattle, then to enslaved Indians who escaped to the hills, and by the early 1530s to enslaved Africans who did the same.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8475960", "chunk_text": "Cittern\nCittern The cittern or cithren (Fr. \"\"cistre\"\", It. \"\"cetra\"\", Ger. \"\"Cister,\"\" Sp. \"\"cistro, cedra, cítola\"\") is a stringed instrument dating from the Renaissance. Modern scholars debate its exact history, but it is generally accepted that it is descended from the Medieval citole (or cytole). It looks much like the modern-day flat-back mandolin and the modern Irish bouzouki, and is descended from the English Guitar. Its flat-back design was simpler and cheaper to construct than the lute. It was also easier to play, smaller, less delicate and more portable. Played by all classes, the cittern was a premier instrument of casual", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6791101", "chunk_text": "\"Cimarron people (Panama)\"\nlikelihood, the name of this group is derived from the Spanish word \"\"cimarrón\"\", meaning \"\"wild\"\" or \"\"untamed\"\". This word usually referred to runaways or castaways and is ultimately derived from the word for \"\"thicket\"\" in Old Spanish. A less common folk etymology holds that \"\"cimarron \"\" comes from the Taino word \"\"si'maran\"\" meaning \"\"the flight of an arrow\"\". Slave rebellions and uprisings in the New World were very common during the first years of exploration. Runaway slaves were prevalent in Brazil as well, where they were known as \"\"palenques, cumbes\"\" and \"\"quilombos\"\". These runaway slaves fled from the mines and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3914814", "chunk_text": "\"Cerviño\"\nbe accounted for. Nevertheless, the surname is still more common in Pontevedra, and more particularly in the area of Cotobade. Though no single family tree has been established yet, it is perfectly possible that almost all Cerviños are blood-related (since most come from the same area). Several famous people can claim kinship with this clan. Among them are: Cerviño Cerviño is a surname originally from the province of Pontevedra, in the autonomous community of Galicia in northwestern Spain. In Galician, the native language of the region, it means \"\"little deer\"\", the \"\"-iño\"\" ending being very characteristic of this romance language.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13114641", "chunk_text": "\"Civis (surname)\"\nCivis (surname) The surname Civis is an ancient surname that is derived from Latin and means Citizen. It has the same root as the words civil, civilized, civilian and civic. In ancient times it implied a Roman Citizen, as contrasted to a military person, and was perhaps most famously uttered by the Roman Senator Cicero, who said, \"\"Civis Romanus sum,\"\" meaning, \"\"I am a Roman Citizen.\"\" Whether or not the surname Civis as currently used implies descent from a Roman fore bearer, or whether it arose 'de novo' from Central European citizenship records that were kept in Latin is not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4902860", "chunk_text": "\"Ballantine (surname)\"\nof a deity, and \"\"teine\"\", meaning fire, and relating to a place where Belenus, or Bal, was worshiped by the Celts. Ballantine (surname) Ballantine is a surname of Scottish Gaelic origin. It is first found in Lanarkshire, where the family had been settled since ancient times. The name has also been variously spelled Ballantyne, Bannatyne, Ballanden. In his book \"\"The Clans, Septs, and Regiments of the Scottish Highlands\"\" (1908), Sir Thomas Innes Learney states that the original family name was Bannatyne, and was a sept associated with both Clan Campbell and Clan Stuart of Bute. In the Fourth Edition (1952)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8156604", "chunk_text": "\"Heron (surname)\"\nHeron (surname) Heron or Héron is a surname originating in the British Isles and Normandy during the Middle Ages. This name is believed to have more than one origin. In England, it is most commonly derived as nickname for a tall, thin man with long legs from Middle English heiroun/heyron itself coming from Old French hairon. The surname may also be an habitual name; of Anglo-Saxon origin from Harome in North Yorkshire or Norman origin from Le Héron, near Rouen. In Ireland, this surname is often an Anglicised form of any one of three Irish Gaelic names: \"\"O'hEarain\"\", descendant of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13114642", "chunk_text": "\"Civis (surname)\"\nknown, but certainly there are records going back many hundreds of years that attest to people with the last name of Civis. The name is not common, but is well known in Central Europe, especially in the Czech Republic and other countries that were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Many people with the surname Civis had the rank of Zeman (nobleman) in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which is the lowest rank of hereditary nobility. In the United States, the name is sometimes alternately spelled as Civish, since the terminal S in Civis (Civiš) had an SH sound in many of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19950985", "chunk_text": "\"House of Carrillo\"\nHouse of Carrillo The House of Carrillo is a Spanish noble house that traces its origins from the ancient Kingdom of Castile. There are several branches that exist such as Carrillo de Albornoz, Carrillo de Mendoza, Carrillo de Figueroa, Carrillo de Toledo and Carrillo Tablas among others. There are also several variations in spelling of the surname Carrillo such as \"\"Carillo\"\". Records prove that both surnames are one and the same. Carrillo is a Spanish surname. References to the origins of the name dates back to the Kingdom of Castile in the thirteenth century. According to a legend of family", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16257426", "chunk_text": "Zambrano\nZambrano Zambrano is a surname of Spanish and also Basque origin. Members of this family have played a prominent role through the history of Spain and The Americas. Zambrana or Zambrano comes from the word \"\"soberano\"\" (\"\"sovereign\"\"). The Zambrano family originated in the mountains of Biscay. Piferrer records that the first to bear this name was Fortun Sanchez. Francisco Zazo y Rosillo, the Chronicler King of Arms to Philip V of Spain, chronicled the lineage of the Zambrano family from its origins in the village of Zambrana in the Guizpuzcoa province in what was at the time the Kingdom of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "487806", "chunk_text": "Citrus\noriginated with the Spanish Conquistadors. The agronomists of classical Rome already made many references to the cultivation of citrus fruits within the limits of their empire. King Louis XIV of France housed citrus in orangeries, to protect the tropical fruit to be grown in the 1600s France. The generic name originated from Latin, where it referred to either the plant now known as citron (\"\"C. medica\"\") or a conifer tree (\"\"Thuja\"\"). It is somehow related to the ancient Greek word for cedar, κέδρος (\"\"kédros\"\"). This may be due to perceived similarities in the smell of citrus leaves and fruit with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12659571", "chunk_text": "\"Roberto Feliberti Cintrón\"\nRoberto Feliberti Cintrón Roberto Feliberti Cintrón (born April 7, 1963) is a Puerto Rican jurist and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico. Feliberti Cintrón was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico. He was the second of four children born to Emiliano Feliberti Martínez and Hilda Cintrón Brandes. Thanks to a U.S. Navy scholarship, he was able to attend Purdue University, where he earned a B.S. in Mathematics. During his time in the Navy attended the Naval Justice School. He later graduated from the University of Puerto Rico School of Law in 1991. After graduating from Purdue, he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17717528", "chunk_text": "\"House of Carrillo\"\nthe name Carrillo has been subject to several false etymologies, but the legendary story has roots in anecdotal evidence. The surname \"\"Carrillo\"\" is first found in Castile, Spain, in Burgos, Palencia, Soria, Logroño, Navarre, and Andalucia. Family members later went off to help in the conquest and establishment of colonies outside Spain, and included Cuba, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Venezuela, Costa Rica, Colombia, Chile, Philippines, Argentina, and the United States of America, particularly California. The House of Carrillo frequently served the government through holding many offices and providing military leaders for Spain. Several prominent members of the house have been granted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13954192", "chunk_text": "\"Cameron (given name)\"\nname is \"\"Camron\"\". Modern variants of the name are \"\"Kameron\"\", and \"\"Kamron\"\". Cameron (given name) Cameron is a given name in the English language. It is a very popular male name in North America, Europe, and Australia. Cameron is ranked as a top 50 name for boys in Scotland, Canada, England, and the United States. The name originates from the Scottish surname \"\"Cameron\"\". In the Scottish Highlands the surname is thought to be derived from the Gaelic \"\"cam sròn\"\", meaning \"\"crooked nose\"\" or \"\"crooked river\"\"; in the Scottish Lowlands the name is thought to be derived from a form of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2827306", "chunk_text": "\"Jiménez (surname)\"\nJiménez (surname) Jiménez (Galician and Portuguese: Ximenes, Catalan: Ximenis or Eiximenis) is a surname of Iberian origin, first appearing in the Basque lands. Jiménez is a patronymic construction from the modern-styled given name \"\"Jimeno\"\", plus the Spanish suffix \"\"-ez\"\", meaning \"\"son [of]\"\". The root appears to stem from Basque \"\"semen\"\" ('son'), attested in the Aquitanian inscriptions as \"\"Sembeconnis\"\" and like forms. Variants of the surname include the archaic Ximénez, Ximenes, as well as Giménez, Gimenes, Jimenes, Chiménez, Chimenes, Seménez and Semenes. In Spanish orthography, the variations of \"\"Jiménez\"\" that end with a \"\"z\"\" are written with an acute accent on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13398639", "chunk_text": "Nontron\nNontron Nontron (; ) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. According to the historian Ribault de Laugardière, the name Nontron derives from the Tyrian language, from \"\"Nata\"\" (valley) and \"\"Dun\"\" (mountain). Over time, the placename has been spelt Natadun, Nattun, Nantrun and Nontroun, before the current Nontron. The town has probably existed for around 1100 years and has been invaded or sacked several times, including by Saracens in the seventh century and by Normans in the ninth century. In the eighth century, a Gallo-Roman castrum was built for the counts of Limoges and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20414099", "chunk_text": "\"Beaton (surname)\"\nas Peutan (masculine form), and Pheutan (feminine form). Beaton (surname) Beaton is a Scottish surname in the English language, which has multiple origins. One origin of the name is from the placename of Béthune, in Pas-de-Calais, France. Another derivation is from the mediaeval personal name \"\"Beaton\"\", \"\"Beton\"\", which is pet form of a short form of the names \"\"Bartholomew\"\" or \"\"Beatrice\"\". \"\"Bartholomew\"\" is a masculine name, while \"\"Beatrice\"\" is a feminine name; the names are not etymologically related to each other. Another derivation of the surname \"\"Beaton\"\" is that it is an Anglicisation of the Scottish Gaelic \"\"Mac Beath\"\". The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6643310", "chunk_text": "\"Traynor (surname)\"\nTraynor (surname) Traynor (also Trainor, Trainer, Treanor, Trener, Trenor, Trinor, Tronor, Trynor, Triner, Trinner, MacTreanor, MacCreanor, and McCrainor) is an English surname found throughout the Anglosphere. The surname is most prevalent in the United States with 5,143 people bearing the surname, followed by England with 3,548 people, Ireland with 2,148 people, Scotland with 1,567 people, Australia with 1,251 people and Canada with 1,176 people. In Northern Ireland, 692 people bear the surname making it the 546th most common surname in the country. This Anglo-Saxon surname most likely descends from the old English word \"\"trayne\"\" which means to trap or snare", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14270257", "chunk_text": "\"Pazmiño\"\nthe surname as \"\"Peace\"\" (Shalom). The contextual translation renders it as Shlomo (שלמה, Solomon). The surname \"\"Miño\"\", conversely, has only one language origin. It is a Galician topographic surname adopted by, or imposed upon, a person originally from the banks of the Miño River, or several towns of the same name, traversing Galicia in northeast Spain and flowing into northern Portugal. The river forms a natural border between the two countries. Etynologically, Miño is derived from a Latin comparative adjective that carries the meaning \"\"Cinnabar-red\"\" (from Latin 'minius', superlative 'minium'). Cinnabar itself is a mercuric sulfide mineral occurring in red", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10682059", "chunk_text": "Corvin\nCorvin The name Corvin comes from the Latin name Corvinus which derives from the Latin word corvus meaning raven, although the word today refers to the birds' genus including ravens and crows among others. Corvin most commonly is a surname, but it and its variations are being used as a given name as well. As a surname it can refer to: and others. As a given name its most common variations are Corvan, Korvin and Korwin and their English equivalent Raven. There is also a Corvin River. Hundreds of streets, schools, museums, hotels, etc. are named after King Matthias Corvinus", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1216194", "chunk_text": "\"Nitza Margarita Cintrón\"\nin Los Angeles, California, was established in 1998 and recognizes the contributions of Hispanics in the fields of science, engineering and technology. In 2006, she was also recognized as one of the 100 most influential Hispanics in the United States by Hispanic magazine. Nitza Margarita Cintrón Nitza Margarita Cintrón (born 1950) is a Puerto Rican scientist and Chief of Space Medicine and Health Care Systems Office at NASA's Johnson Space Center. Cintrón was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico, the capital city of the island. As a child, she lived throughout Europe, as her father was a member of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15928045", "chunk_text": "Etxeberria\nEtxeberria Etxeberria (, modern Basque spelling) is a Basque language placename and surname from the Basque Country in Spain and France, meaning 'the new house'. It shows one meaningful variant, \"\"Etxeberri\"\" (no Basque article \"\"–a\"\", 'the'), and a number of later spelling variants produced in Spanish and other languages. \"\"Etxebarri(a)\"\" is a western Basque dialectal variant, with the same etymology. \"\"Etxarri\"\" (\"\"Echarri\"\") is attested as stemming from \"\"Etxaberri\"\". The original surname is often associated to the construction of new farms (\"\"baserri\"\") after the introduction of New World crops like maize and potatoes. In many Basque areas, the surname \"\"Etxeberri(a)\"\" was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13954191", "chunk_text": "\"Cameron (given name)\"\nCameron (given name) Cameron is a given name in the English language. It is a very popular male name in North America, Europe, and Australia. Cameron is ranked as a top 50 name for boys in Scotland, Canada, England, and the United States. The name originates from the Scottish surname \"\"Cameron\"\". In the Scottish Highlands the surname is thought to be derived from the Gaelic \"\"cam sròn\"\", meaning \"\"crooked nose\"\" or \"\"crooked river\"\"; in the Scottish Lowlands the name is thought to be derived from a form of Norman baronial name—from Cambernon, in Normandy. A variant spelling of the given", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10285466", "chunk_text": "Piccardo\nPiccardo Piccardo is an Italian surname, a version of Picard, meaning a person from Picardy, a historical region and cultural area of France. It is found primarily in Liguria. The Piccardo family is an ancient Italian family, from Liguria. In the 19th century a family branch relocated from Voltri, in the Kingdom of Sardinia, to Monte San Giovanni Campano, in the Papal States. A branch of the family also settled in the Eastern North America, according to genealogical organisation House of Names. They were famous entrepreneurs in the paper industry of the region Liguria and in Southern Lazio. \"\"Piccardo family\"\":", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5227439", "chunk_text": "Piccardo\nPiccardo Piccardo is an Italian surname, a version of Picard, meaning a person from Picardy, a historical region and cultural area of France. It is found primarily in Liguria. The Piccardo family is an ancient Italian family, from Liguria. In the 19th century a family branch relocated from Voltri, in the Kingdom of Sardinia, to Monte San Giovanni Campano, in the Papal States. A branch of the family also settled in the Eastern North America, according to genealogical organisation House of Names. They were famous entrepreneurs in the paper industry of the region Liguria and in Southern Lazio. \"\"Piccardo family\"\":", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10651533", "chunk_text": "\"Conn (name)\"\nConn (name) Conn is a masculine English- and Irish-language given name, as well as an English-language surname. The origin of the given name is uncertain. It may be related to the Old Irish \"\"cond\"\" (\"\"intellect\"\" or \"\"mind\"\"), or perhaps to the Old Irish \"\"cenn\"\" (\"\"head\"\", \"\"chief\"\"). The latter word-origin may have resulted from a popular, but incorrect etymology, applied to the Old Irish terms \"\"Leth Cuinn\"\" and \"\"Dál Cuinn\"\"; these terms originally meant \"\"half of the chief\"\" and \"\"tribe of the chief\"\" but were mistakenly regarded to mean \"\"half of \"\"Conn\"\"\"\" and \"\"tribe of \"\"Conn\"\"\"\". In some cases the given", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7618692", "chunk_text": "\"Cintra Bay\"\nCintra Bay Cintra Bay or the Gulf of Cintra is a large, half-moon shaped bay on the coast of Río de Oro province, Western Sahara. It is located about south of Dakhla. Its coastline is sparsely populated, and the environment is mostly wild and undeveloped. Originally called \"\"St. Cyprian’s Bay\"\", it was renamed after Gonçalo de Sintra, a 15th-century Portuguese explorer and slave raider. The area was originally called \"\"St. Cyprian’s Bay\"\" but was renamed after Gonçalo de Sintra. The Treaty of Angra de Cintra of 1958, which led to the end of the War of Ifni, was named after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8766941", "chunk_text": "Cucuron\nwhere relevant. The villages closest to Cucuron are Ansouis (5 km), Vaugines (2.2 km) and Lourmarin (7.4 km). Local tradition ascribes the origin of the village name to Julius Caesar, like many Provence villages. Caesar, seeing the inhabitants of the place run, was said to have stated the Latin phrase \"\"cur currunt?\"\" (\"\"Why do they run?\"\"). In fact Cucuron, under various spellings, is a common placename in southern France, meaning a peak, mound. Many localities are so named, as well as various villages: Coucouron (Ardèche), Cuguron (Haute-Garonne), Cuqueron (Pyrénées-Atlantiques). The village name derives from the pre-indo-European root \"\"Kuk\"\", which means", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2827309", "chunk_text": "\"Jiménez (surname)\"\nactress, Mariana Ximenes, are prime examples of this historical difference. The Jiménez dynasty in 905 became kings of Pamplona, eventually expanding control to most of Christian Spain. Jiménez (surname) Jiménez (Galician and Portuguese: Ximenes, Catalan: Ximenis or Eiximenis) is a surname of Iberian origin, first appearing in the Basque lands. Jiménez is a patronymic construction from the modern-styled given name \"\"Jimeno\"\", plus the Spanish suffix \"\"-ez\"\", meaning \"\"son [of]\"\". The root appears to stem from Basque \"\"semen\"\" ('son'), attested in the Aquitanian inscriptions as \"\"Sembeconnis\"\" and like forms. Variants of the surname include the archaic Ximénez, Ximenes, as well as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13689259", "chunk_text": "Villacorta\nVillacorta Villacorta is a Spanish surname. Spelling variations of this family surname include Villacreses, Villacrecis, and Villacrusis. It was first found in Andalusia, in Southern Spain, the chief city being Seville and ancient pre-Roman Iberian town. Some of the first settlers of this family name were: Andres de Villacorta, who arrived in Americas in 1812, and Diego de Villacorta, who landed in America in 1814. This Spanish surname Villacorta is such a name literally meaning one who came from a \"\"villa\"\" which was a Spanish habitation name from any of the numerous places so called, which acquired their name from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17051314", "chunk_text": "\"Crane (surname)\"\nCrane (surname) Crane is a surname. The name is a derivative from \"\"Cron\"\" in Old English or is the English translation of the German \"\"Krahn\"\" or \"\"Kranich.\"\" According to The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain & Ireland, \"\"Cron,\"\" \"\"Krahn\"\" and \"\"Kranich\"\" all mean \"\"crown\"\" in both Old English and German respectively. According to the same source, \"\"Crone\"\" is also compared with \"\"Crane\"\", \"\"Crown\"\", \"\"Cron\"\" and \"\"Crowne\"\". In some places in Britain, \"\"Crane\"\", when used as a name, can also be a reference to a tall, slender man, similar to the bird, \"\"Crane\"\" or to someone with long legs.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15689446", "chunk_text": "\"García (surname)\"\nname of Edith Piaf, born Edith Gassion). Other theories suggest that García is of Germanic origin and may derive from \"\"wars\"\" meaning \"\"young warrior\"\" or the Visigothic words \"\"garxa\"\" and \"\"garcha\"\" meaning \"\"graceful prince\"\". \"\"García\"\" is the most common surname in Spain (where 3.32% of population is named \"\"García\"\") and also the second most common surname in Mexico and Cuba. In the 1990 United States Census, \"\"Garcia\"\" was the 18th most reported surname, accounting for 0.25% of the population. It became more common since then, jumping to 8th place in 2000. Quite rare before the 1st World War in France,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12954851", "chunk_text": "Bergeron\nBergeron Bergeron is a surname of French origin. The name Bergeron may be derived from the Old German word \"\"berg\"\", meaning hill or mountain. It may also be derived from the old French \"\"berger\"\", meaning shepherd. Spelling variations include: Bergetron, Berger, Bergey, Bergez, Bergier, Bergeret, Bergerot, Bergereau, Bergeron, Bergerron, Bergerone, Bergeronne, Bergeronneau, Bergerat, Bergerie, Bergère, Bergière, Bergiron, Bergirone, Bergironne, le Berger, le Bergeron, de Bergeron, Leberger and many more. First found in Burgundy, where the family was anciently seated. Some of the first North American settlers of this name or some of its variants were: André Bergeron, who settled in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8156606", "chunk_text": "\"Heron (surname)\"\nin County Down, Tyne and Wear, Surrey and Lancashire. Heron (surname) Heron or Héron is a surname originating in the British Isles and Normandy during the Middle Ages. This name is believed to have more than one origin. In England, it is most commonly derived as nickname for a tall, thin man with long legs from Middle English heiroun/heyron itself coming from Old French hairon. The surname may also be an habitual name; of Anglo-Saxon origin from Harome in North Yorkshire or Norman origin from Le Héron, near Rouen. In Ireland, this surname is often an Anglicised form of any", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19454812", "chunk_text": "Quintal\n\"\"qintar\"\" قنطار. The \"\"qintar\"\" was reimported to Europe by traders during the Middle Ages, where it became Medieval Latin \"\"quintale\"\", and finally Old French \"\"quintal\"\" before passing into the English language from French. The word \"\"centner\"\", on the other hand, is simply a Germanicized form of its original Latin name \"\"centenarius\"\". Languages drawing its cognate name for the weight from Arabic \"\"qintar\"\" include French, Portuguese and Spanish \"\"quintal\"\", Italian \"\"quintale\"\", Esperanto \"\"kvintalo\"\". Languages taking their cognates from Germanicized \"\"centner\"\" include German \"\"Zentner\"\", Lithuanian \"\"centneris\"\", Swedish \"\"centner\"\", Polish \"\"cetnar\"\", Russian \"\"центнер\"\" (tsentner), Ukrainian \"\"це́нтнер\"\" (tséntner), Estonian \"\"tsentner\"\" and Spanish \"\"centena\"\". Many", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13114643", "chunk_text": "\"Civis (surname)\"\nSlavic languages. Civis (surname) The surname Civis is an ancient surname that is derived from Latin and means Citizen. It has the same root as the words civil, civilized, civilian and civic. In ancient times it implied a Roman Citizen, as contrasted to a military person, and was perhaps most famously uttered by the Roman Senator Cicero, who said, \"\"Civis Romanus sum,\"\" meaning, \"\"I am a Roman Citizen.\"\" Whether or not the surname Civis as currently used implies descent from a Roman fore bearer, or whether it arose 'de novo' from Central European citizenship records that were kept in Latin", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4480774", "chunk_text": "Surname\nchildren hyphenated or combined surnames. In medieval Spain, a patronymic system was used. For example, Álvaro, the son of Rodrigo would be named Álvaro Rodríguez. His son, Juan, would not be named Juan Rodríguez, but Juan Álvarez. Over time, many of these patronymics became family names and are some of the most common names in the Spanish-speaking world. Other sources of surnames are personal appearance or habit, e.g. Delgado (\"\"thin\"\") and Moreno (\"\"dark\"\"); occupations, e.g. Molinero (\"\"miller\"\"), Zapatero (\"\"shoe-maker\"\") and Guerrero (\"\"warrior\"\"); and geographic location or ethnicity, e.g. Alemán (\"\"German\"\"). During the modern era, many cultures around the world adopted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3313	who invented the transtheoretical model of behavior change?	n/a	[ "colleagues", "Carlo Di Clemente" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7491657", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\nlevels of change, etc. Several self-help books—\"\"Changing for Good\"\" (1994), \"\"Changeology\"\" (2012), and \"\"Changing to Thrive\"\" (2016)—and articles in the news media have discussed the model. It has been called \"\"arguably the dominant model of health behaviour change, having received unprecedented research attention, yet it has simultaneously attracted criticism\"\". James O. Prochaska of the University of Rhode Island, and Carlo Di Clemente and colleagues developed the transtheoretical model beginning in 1977. It is based on analysis and use of different theories of psychotherapy, hence the name \"\"transtheoretical\"\". Prochaska and colleagues refined the model on the basis of research that they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8494688", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\nTranstheoretical model The transtheoretical model of behavior change is an integrative theory of therapy that assesses an individual's readiness to act on a new healthier behavior, and provides strategies, or processes of change to guide the individual. The model is composed of constructs such as: stages of change, processes of change, levels of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance. The transtheoretical model is also known by the abbreviation \"\"TTM\"\" and sometimes by the term \"\"stages of change\"\", although this latter term is a synecdoche since the stages of change are only one part of the model along with processes of change,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7491656", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\nTranstheoretical model The transtheoretical model of behavior change is an integrative theory of therapy that assesses an individual's readiness to act on a new healthier behavior, and provides strategies, or processes of change to guide the individual. The model is composed of constructs such as: stages of change, processes of change, levels of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance. The transtheoretical model is also known by the abbreviation \"\"TTM\"\" and sometimes by the term \"\"stages of change\"\", although this latter term is a synecdoche since the stages of change are only one part of the model along with processes of change,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3619661", "chunk_text": "\"James O. Prochaska\"\nJames O. Prochaska James O. Prochaska (born 1942) is a Professor of Psychology and Director of the Cancer Prevention Research Center at the University of Rhode Island He is the lead developer of the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (TTM) beginning in 1983. Prochaska earned his B.A. in Psychology at Wayne State University in 1964, followed by his M.A. (1967) and Ph.D. Degrees (1969) both at Wayne State University. He is the author or co-author of over 400 publications on the dynamics of behavioral change - most of which expand the theory, test the TTM in randomized controlled trials, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3619663", "chunk_text": "\"James O. Prochaska\"\nas one of the three most preeminent living clinical psychologists. James O. Prochaska James O. Prochaska (born 1942) is a Professor of Psychology and Director of the Cancer Prevention Research Center at the University of Rhode Island He is the lead developer of the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (TTM) beginning in 1983. Prochaska earned his B.A. in Psychology at Wayne State University in 1964, followed by his M.A. (1967) and Ph.D. Degrees (1969) both at Wayne State University. He is the author or co-author of over 400 publications on the dynamics of behavioral change - most of which expand", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3953480", "chunk_text": "\"Behavioural change theories\"\nhypothesises that self-efficacy is important in determining the strength of the individual's intention to perform a behaviour. In 2010, Fishbein and Ajzen introduced the reasoned action approach, the successor of the theory of planned behaviour. According to the transtheoretical model of behavior change, also known as the \"\"stages of change model\"\", states that there are five stages towards behavior change. The five stages, between which individuals may transition before achieving complete change, are precontemplation, contemplation, preparation for action, action, and maintenance. At the precontemplation stage, an individual may or may not be aware of a problem but has no thought", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3223138", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\nbehavior models, including the transtheoretical model, theory of planned behavior and norm-activation model, to build the stage model of self-regulated behavior change (SSBC). Bamberg claims that his model is a solution to criticism raised towards the TTM. Some researchers in travel, dietary, and environmental research have conducted empirical studies, showing that the SSBC might be a future path for TTM-based research. This core construct is \"\"the situation-specific confidence people have that they can cope with high-risk situations without relapsing to their unhealthy or high risk-habit\"\". The construct is based on Bandura's self-efficacy theory and conceptualizes a person's perceived ability to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2000851", "chunk_text": "\"Edward C. Tolman\"\nEdward C. Tolman Edward Chace Tolman (April 14, 1886 – November 19, 1959) was an American psychologist. Through Tolman's theories and works, he founded what is now a branch of psychology known as purposive behaviorism. Tolman also promoted the concept known as latent learning first coined by Blodgett (1929). A \"\"Review of General Psychology\"\" survey, published in 2002, ranked Tolman as the 45th most cited psychologist of the 20th century. Born in West Newton, Massachusetts, brother of Caltech physicist Richard Chace Tolman, Edward C. Tolman studied at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and received his PhD from Harvard University in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11851641", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\nor negative attitude about something or someone. During the change process individuals gradually shift from cons to pros, forming a more positive attitude towards the target behaviour. Attitudes are one of the core constructs explaining behaviour and behaviour change in various research domains. Other behaviour models, such as the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the stage model of self-regulated change, also emphasise attitude as an important determinant of behaviour. The progression through the different stages of change is reflected in a gradual change in attitude before the individual acts. Most of the processes of change aim at evaluating and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9558420", "chunk_text": "\"Teaching-family model\"\nTeaching-family model The Teaching-Family Model (TFM) is a model of care for troubled youth used internationally in group homes (residential child care communities, residential treatment centers, etc.), schools, home-based treatment, and other youth and dependent adult care programs. It was developed in the 1960s through research at the University of Kansas. Researchers included Montrose Wolf (the inventor of time-out as a learning tool to shape behavior) and Gary Timbers. The model has been replicated over 800 times, although not all of the replications have proven effective and successful. This model of care is based on an \"\"organized approach to providing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2000867", "chunk_text": "\"Edward C. Tolman\"\nNoted singer-songwriter, music producer Russ Tolman, is Tolman's grandson. Edward C. Tolman Edward Chace Tolman (April 14, 1886 – November 19, 1959) was an American psychologist. Through Tolman's theories and works, he founded what is now a branch of psychology known as purposive behaviorism. Tolman also promoted the concept known as latent learning first coined by Blodgett (1929). A \"\"Review of General Psychology\"\" survey, published in 2002, ranked Tolman as the 45th most cited psychologist of the 20th century. Born in West Newton, Massachusetts, brother of Caltech physicist Richard Chace Tolman, Edward C. Tolman studied at the Massachusetts Institute of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7491660", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\nin the near future (within 6 months), and may be unaware of the need to change. People here learn more about healthy behavior: they are encouraged to think about the pros of changing their behavior and to feel emotions about the effects of their negative behavior on others. Precontemplators typically underestimate the pros of changing, overestimate the cons, and often are not aware of making such mistakes. One of the most effective steps that others can help with at this stage is to encourage them to become more mindful of their decision making and more conscious of the multiple benefits", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7491658", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\npublished in peer-reviewed journals and books. This construct refers to the temporal dimension of behavioural change. In the transtheoretical model, change is a \"\"process involving progress through a series of stages\"\": In addition, the researchers conceptualized \"\"Relapse\"\" (recycling) which is not a stage in itself but rather the \"\"return from Action or Maintenance to an earlier stage\"\". The quantitative definition of the stages of change (see below) is perhaps the most notorious feature of the model. However it is also one of the most critiqued, even in the field of smoking cessation, where it was originally formulated. It has been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7491659", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\nsaid that such quantitative definition (i.e. a person is in preparation if it intends to change within a month) does not reflect the nature of behaviour change, that it does not have better predictive power than simpler questions (i.e. \"\"do you have plans to change...\"\"), and that it has problems regarding its classification reliability. Communication theorist and sociologist Everett Rogers suggested that the stages of change are analogues of the stages of the innovation adoption process in Rogers' theory of diffusion of innovations. Stage 1: Precontemplation (not ready) People at this stage do not intend to start the healthy behavior", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13724194", "chunk_text": "\"Behavior change (public health)\"\non a few behavioral change theories which gained ground in the 1980s. These theories share a major commonality in defining individual actions as the locus of change. Behavior change programs that are usually focused on activities that help a person or a community to reflect upon their risk behaviors and change them to reduce their risk and vulnerability are known as interventions. Examples include: \"\"Transtheoretical (Stages of Change) Model of Behavior Change\"\", \"\"theory of reasoned action\"\", \"\"health belief model\"\", \"\"theory of planned behavior\"\", diffusion of innovation\"\", and the health action process approach. Developments in health behavior change theories since the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8494667", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\npeople use to progress through the stages\"\". To progress through the early stages, people apply cognitive, affective, and evaluative processes. As people move toward Action and Maintenance, they rely more on commitments, conditioning, contingencies, environmental controls, and support. Prochaska and colleagues state that their research related to the transtheoretical model shows that interventions to change behavior are more effective if they are \"\"stage-matched\"\", that is, \"\"matched to each individual's stage of change\"\". In general, for people to progress they need: The ten \"\"processes of change\"\" include: Health researchers have extended Prochaska's and DiClemente's 10 original processes of change by an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17440938", "chunk_text": "Behaviorism\nforms of psychology, which often had difficulty making predictions that could be tested experimentally. The earliest derivatives of Behaviorism can be traced back to the late 19th century where Edward Thorndike pioneered the law of effect, a process that involved strengthening behavior through the use of reinforcement. During the first half of the twentieth century, John B. Watson devised methodological behaviorism, which rejected introspective methods and sought to understand behavior by only measuring observable behaviors and events. It was not until the 1930s that B. F. Skinner suggested that private events—including thoughts and feelings—should be subjected to the same controlling", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7491662", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\nreducing the cons of changing their behavior. Stage 3: Preparation (ready) People at this stage are ready to start taking action within the next 30 days. They take small steps that they believe can help them make the healthy behavior a part of their lives. For example, they tell their friends and family that they want to change their behavior. People in this stage should be encouraged to seek support from friends they trust, tell people about their plan to change the way they act, and think about how they would feel if they behaved in a healthier way. Their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15412467", "chunk_text": "\"Marsha M. Linehan\"\nMarsha M. Linehan Marsha M. Linehan (born May 5, 1943) is an American psychologist and author. She is the creator of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), a type of psychotherapy that combines behavioral science with Buddhist concepts like acceptance and mindfulness. Linehan is a Professor of Psychology, Adjunct Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the University of Washington in Seattle and Director of the Behavioral Research and Therapy Clinics. Her primary research is in borderline personality disorder, the application of behavioral models to suicidal behaviors, and drug abuse. Linehan was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma on May 5, 1943. She was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16299252", "chunk_text": "\"Montrose Wolf\"\nMontrose Wolf Montrose Madison Wolf (May 29, 1935 – March 19, 2004) was an American psychologist. He developed the technique of \"\"time-out\"\" as a learning tool to shape behavior in children in the 1960s. He was a leader in creating the discipline of problem-solving, real-world psychological research known as applied behavior analysis. He created the Teaching Family Model as an intervention program for dealing with juvenile delinquents. He helped replicate this model almost 800 times. In the field of applied behavior analysis he introduced and named the concept of social validity. Donald Baer, Sidney W. Bijou, Todd Risley, James Sherman,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7491663", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\nnumber one concern is: when they act, will they fail? They learn that the better prepared they are, the more likely they are to keep progressing. Stage 4: Action (current action) People at this stage have changed their behavior within the last 6 months and need to work hard to keep moving ahead. These participants need to learn how to strengthen their commitments to change and to fight urges to slip back. People in this stage progress by being taught techniques for keeping up their commitments such as substituting activities related to the unhealthy behavior with positive ones, rewarding themselves", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12501745", "chunk_text": "\"Behavior modification\"\nsubjected to the same conditions as overt behavior. The first use of the term behavior modification appears to have been by Edward Thorndike in 1911. His article \"\"Provisional Laws of Acquired Behavior or Learning\"\" makes frequent use of the term \"\"modifying behavior\"\". Through early research in the 1940s and the 1950s the term was used by Joseph Wolpe's research group. The experimental tradition in clinical psychology used it to refer to psycho-therapeutic techniques derived from empirical research. It has since come to refer mainly to techniques for increasing adaptive behavior through reinforcement and decreasing maladaptive behavior through extinction or punishment", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14087465", "chunk_text": "Psychotherapy\nexternal relationships and the self. Sessions tended to number into the hundreds over several years. Behaviorism developed in the 1920s, and behavior modification as a therapy became popularized in the 1950s and 1960s. Notable contributors were Joseph Wolpe in South Africa, M.B. Shipiro and Hans Eysenck in Britain, and John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner in the United States. Behavioral therapy approaches relied on principles of operant conditioning, classical conditioning and social learning theory to bring about therapeutic change in observable symptoms. The approach became commonly used for phobias, as well as other disorders. Some therapeutic approaches developed out of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18722009", "chunk_text": "\"Clinical behavior analysis\"\ntherapy developed from dissatisfaction with traditional behavioral couples therapy. Integrative behavioral couples therapy looks to Skinner (1966) for the difference between contingency shaped and rule-governed behavior. It couples this analysis with a thorough functional assessment of the couples relationship. Recent efforts have used radical behavioral concepts to interpret a number of clinical phenomena including forgiveness. Community reinforcement approach and family training is a model first developed by Nathan H. Azrin and Hunt. The model focuses on the use of functional behavioral assessment to reduce drinking behavior. Dialectical behavioral therapy was created by Marsha Linehan. The model attempts to balance acceptance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10392838", "chunk_text": "\"Behavioural change theories\"\nimportant element of many of the theories, including the health belief model, the theory of planned behaviour and the health action process approach. From behaviourists such as B. F. Skinner come the learning theories, which state that complex behaviour is learned gradually through the modification of simpler behaviours. Imitation and reinforcement play important roles in these theories, which state that individuals learn by duplicating behaviours they observe in others and that rewards are essential to ensuring the repetition of desirable behaviour. As each simple behaviour is established through imitation and subsequent reinforcement, the complex behaviour develops. When verbal behaviour is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7491661", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\nof changing an unhealthy behavior. Stage 2: Contemplation (getting ready) At this stage, participants are intending to start the healthy behavior within the next 6 months. While they are usually now more aware of the pros of changing, their cons are about equal to their Pros. This ambivalence about changing can cause them to keep putting off taking action. People here learn about the kind of person they could be if they changed their behavior and learn more from people who behave in healthy ways. Others can influence and help effectively at this stage by encouraging them to work at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12501744", "chunk_text": "\"Behavior modification\"\nBehavior modification Behavior modification refers to behavior-change procedures that were employed during the 1970s and early 1980s. Based on methodological behaviorism, overt behavior was modified with presumed consequences, including artificial positive and negative reinforcement contingencies to increase desirable behavior, or administering positive and negative punishment and/or extinction to reduce problematic behavior. For the treatment of phobias, habituation and punishment were the basic principles used in flooding, a subcategory of desensitization. Applied behavior analysis (ABA)—the application of behavior analysis—is based on radical behaviorism, which refers to B. F. Skinner's viewpoint that cognition and emotions are covert behavior that are to be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17440950", "chunk_text": "Behaviorism\nwhat is right or wrong. The conceptualization of learning using this approach could be considered \"\"superficial\"\" as the focus is on external changes in behaviour i.e. not interested in the internal processes of learning leading to behaviour change and has no place for the emotions involved the process. Operant conditioning was developed by B.F. Skinner in 1937 and deals with the modification of \"\"voluntary behaviour\"\" or operant behaviour. Operant behavior operates on the environment and is maintained by its consequences. Reinforcement and punishment, the core tools of operant conditioning, are either positive (delivered following a response), or negative (withdrawn following", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16299253", "chunk_text": "\"Montrose Wolf\"\nand Wolf established the \"\"Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis\"\", in 1968 as a peer-reviewed journal publishing research about experimental analysis of behavior and its practical applications. Montrose Wolf Montrose Madison Wolf (May 29, 1935 – March 19, 2004) was an American psychologist. He developed the technique of \"\"time-out\"\" as a learning tool to shape behavior in children in the 1960s. He was a leader in creating the discipline of problem-solving, real-world psychological research known as applied behavior analysis. He created the Teaching Family Model as an intervention program for dealing with juvenile delinquents. He helped replicate this model almost 800", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13359499", "chunk_text": "\"Transpersonal psychology\"\nPsychology announced that it was changing its name to Sofia University. A change that included a new profile in the academic landscape, with an expanded graduate program. Several psychological schools, or branches, have influenced the field of transpersonal psychology. Among these schools we find the Analytical psychology of Carl Jung, the psychosynthesis of Roberto Assagioli, and the humanistic psychology of Abraham Maslow. The major transpersonal models of psychotherapy, as reviewed by Cortright, are the models of Ken Wilber, C.G Jung, Michael Washburn, Stanislav Grof, and Hameed Ali. Dr. William J. Barry established transpersonal psychology as a valid action research method", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10439632", "chunk_text": "\"Decisional balance sheet\"\nand colleagues then incorporated Janis and Mann's concept into the transtheoretical model of change, an integrative theory of therapy that is widely used for facilitating behaviour change. Research studies on the transtheoretical model suggest that, in general, for people to succeed at behaviour change, the pros of change should outweigh the cons before they move from the contemplation stage to the action stage of change. Thus, the balance sheet is both an informal measure of readiness for change and an aid for decision-making. One research paper reported that combining the decisional balance sheet technique with the implementation intentions technique was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15001154", "chunk_text": "\"Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies\"\nthe name Association for Advancement of Behavioral Therapies by 10 behaviorists who were dissatisfied with the prevailing Freudian/psychoanalytic model (founding members: John Paul Brady, Joseph Cautela, Edward Dengrove, Cyril Franks, Martin Gittelman, Leonard Krasner, Arnold Lazarus, Andrew Salter, Dorothy Susskind, and Joseph Wolpe). Although AABT/ABCT was not established until 1966, its history begins in the early 1900s with the birth of the behaviorist movement, which was brought about by Pavlov, Watson, Skinner, Thorndike, Hull, Mowrer, and others—scientists who, concerned primarily with observable behavior, were beginning to experiment with conditioning and learning theory. By the 1950s, two entities—Hans Eysenck's research group", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3223144", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\n(i.e., reducing calorie and dietary fat intake), moderate exercise, and managing emotional distress without eating. Up to three tailored reports (one per behavior) were delivered based on assessments conducted at four time points: baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months. All participants were followed up at 6, 12, and 24 months. Multiple Imputation was used to estimate missing data. Generalized Labor Estimating Equations (GLEE) were then used to examine differences between the treatment and comparison groups. At 24 months, those who were in a pre-Action stage for healthy eating at baseline and received treatment were significantly more likely to have reached", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15664164", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\nassessing which processes are most effective in the context of travel behaviour change should be a priority in the future in order to secure the role of TTM in travel behaviour research. The TTM has been called \"\"arguably the dominant model of health behaviour change, having received unprecedented research attention, yet it has simultaneously attracted criticism\"\". Depending on the field of application (e.g. smoking cessation, substance abuse, condom use, diabetes treatment, obesity and travel) somewhat different criticisms have been raised. In a systematic review, published in 2003, of 23 randomized controlled trials, the authors found that \"\"stage based interventions are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19445713", "chunk_text": "\"Albert Ellis\"\nAlbert Ellis Albert Ellis (September 27, 1913 – July 24, 2007) was an American psychologist who in 1955 developed Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). He held MA and PhD degrees in clinical psychology from Columbia University and the American Board of Professional Psychology (ABPP). He also founded and was the President of the New York City-based Albert Ellis Institute for decades. He is generally considered to be one of the originators of the cognitive revolutionary paradigm shift in psychotherapy and one of the founders of cognitive-behavioral therapies. Based on a 1982 professional survey of US and Canadian psychologists, he was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15664157", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\ndistress without eating, with 49.7% of those in a pre-Action stage at baseline moving to Action or Maintenance versus 30.3% of the comparison group. The groups differed on weight lost at 24 months among those in a pre-action stage for healthy eating and exercise at baseline. Among those in a pre-Action stage for both healthy eating and exercise at baseline, 30% of those randomized to the treatment group lost 5% or more of their body weight vs.18.6% in the comparison group. Coaction of behavior change occurred and was much more pronounced in the treatment group with the treatment group losing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10159727", "chunk_text": "\"Behavioral activation\"\ntherapy (ACT), as well as dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) and functional analytic psychotherapy (FAP). Behavioral activation owes its basis to Charles Ferster's \"\"Functional Analysis of Depression\"\" (1973) which developed B.F. Skinner's idea of depression, within his analysis of motivation, as a lack of reinforcement. The Association for Behavior Analysis International has a special interest group for practitioner issues, behavioral counseling, and clinical behavior analysis. The association has larger special interest groups for behavioral medicine. It also serves as the core intellectual home for behavior analysts. The Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies (ABCT) also has an interest group in behavior", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17628023", "chunk_text": "\"Elliot Aronson\"\nElliot Aronson Elliot Aronson (born January 9, 1932) is an American psychologist who is best known for his experiments on the theory of cognitive dissonance and for his invention of the Jigsaw Classroom, a cooperative teaching technique which facilitates learning while reducing interethnic hostility and prejudice. In his popular (1972) social psychology textbook, \"\"The Social Animal,\"\" (now in its 11th edition), he stated Aronson's First Law: \"\"People who do crazy things are not necessarily crazy,\"\" thus asserting the importance of situational factors in bizarre behavior. He is the only person in the 120-year history of the American Psychological Association to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10392836", "chunk_text": "\"Behavioural change theories\"\npredict a specific behavior, theories of change are more process-oriented and generally aimed at changing a given behavior. Thus, from this perspective, understanding and changing behavior are two separate but complementary lines of scientific investigation. Each behavioural change theory or model focuses on different factors in attempting to explain behaviour change. Of the many that exist, the most prevalent are learning theories, social cognitive theory, theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour, transtheoretical model of behavior change, the health action process approach and the BJ Fogg model of behavior change. Research has also been conducted regarding specific elements of these", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1779159", "chunk_text": "\"Kurt Lewin\"\nfoundational model for making change in organizations. There is now evidence, however, that Lewin never developed such a model and that it took form after his death in 1947. Lewin's equation, \"\"B\"\" = \"\"ƒ\"\"(\"\"P\"\", \"\"E\"\"), is a psychological equation of behavior developed by Kurt Lewin. It states that behavior is a function of the person in their environment. The equation is the psychologist's most well known formula in social psychology, of which Lewin was a modern pioneer. When first presented in Lewin's book \"\"Principles of Topological Psychology\"\", published in 1936, it contradicted most popular theories in that it gave importance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3223146", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\nsignificantly more than the comparison group. This study demonstrates the ability of TTM-based tailored feedback to improve healthy eating, exercise, managing emotional distress, and weight on a population basis. The treatment produced the highest population impact to date on multiple health risk behaviors. Multiple studies have found individualized interventions tailored on the 14 TTM variables for smoking cessation to effectively recruit and retain pre-Action participants and produce long-term abstinence rates within the range of 22% – 26%. These interventions have also consistently outperformed alternative interventions including best-in-class action-oriented self-help programs, non-interactive manual-based programs, and other common interventions. Furthermore, these interventions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18322648", "chunk_text": "\"Teaching-family model\"\nModel. In general, research supports the use of Teaching-Family Homes to reducing recidivism while in program and some suggestion that it reduces post-programming. The Teaching-Family Model has been suggested as a model program for residential treatment facility. Teaching-family model The Teaching-Family Model (TFM) is a model of care for troubled youth used internationally in group homes (residential child care communities, residential treatment centers, etc.), schools, home-based treatment, and other youth and dependent adult care programs. It was developed in the 1960s through research at the University of Kansas. Researchers included Montrose Wolf (the inventor of time-out as a learning tool", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2690224", "chunk_text": "\"Professional practice of behavior analysis\"\nyet it kept \"\"ego dystonic\"\" homosexuality as a condition until the DSM III-R (1987). In 1974 Ole Ivar Lovaas, pioneer of the use of discrete trial teaching (DTT) to treat autism, was the second author on a journal article describing the use of ABA to reduce \"\"feminine\"\" behaviors and increase \"\"masculine\"\" behaviors of a male child in an effort to prevent adult transsexualism. Treatments designed to uphold traditional sex-role behaviors were opposed by some behavior analysts who argued that the intervention was not justified. In the late 1960s Wolpe refused to treat homosexual behavior arguing that it was easier and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7491664", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\nfor taking steps toward changing, and avoiding people and situations that tempt them to behave in unhealthy ways. Stage 5: Maintenance (monitoring) People at this stage changed their behavior more than 6 months ago. It is important for people in this stage to be aware of situations that may tempt them to slip back into doing the unhealthy behavior—particularly stressful situations. It is recommended that people in this stage seek support from and talk with people whom they trust, spend time with people who behave in healthy ways, and remember to engage in healthy activities to cope with stress instead", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12501758", "chunk_text": "\"Behavior modification\"\nanalysis and behavior modification. Behavior modification Behavior modification refers to behavior-change procedures that were employed during the 1970s and early 1980s. Based on methodological behaviorism, overt behavior was modified with presumed consequences, including artificial positive and negative reinforcement contingencies to increase desirable behavior, or administering positive and negative punishment and/or extinction to reduce problematic behavior. For the treatment of phobias, habituation and punishment were the basic principles used in flooding, a subcategory of desensitization. Applied behavior analysis (ABA)—the application of behavior analysis—is based on radical behaviorism, which refers to B. F. Skinner's viewpoint that cognition and emotions are covert behavior", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5229417", "chunk_text": "\"Albert Bandura\"\nAlbert Bandura Albert Bandura (; born December 4, 1925) is a Canadian-American psychologist who is the David Starr Jordan Professor Emeritus of Social Science in Psychology at Stanford University. Bandura has been responsible for contributions to the field of education and to several fields of psychology, including social cognitive theory, therapy, and personality psychology, and was also of influence in the transition between behaviorism and cognitive psychology. He is known as the originator of social learning theory (renamed the social cognitive theory) and the theoretical construct of self-efficacy, and is also responsible for the influential 1961 Bobo doll experiment. This", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13881560", "chunk_text": "\"Marsha M. Linehan\"\nher adult adopted Peruvian daughter Geraldine \"\"Geri\"\" and her son-in-law Nate in Seattle, Washington. Linehan is a long-time Roman Catholic and reports that she is involved in such practices as meditation that she was taught by Roman Catholic priests, including her Zen teacher Willigis Jäger. Marsha M. Linehan Marsha M. Linehan (born May 5, 1943) is an American psychologist and author. She is the creator of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), a type of psychotherapy that combines behavioral science with Buddhist concepts like acceptance and mindfulness. Linehan is a Professor of Psychology, Adjunct Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7491687", "chunk_text": "\"Transtheoretical model\"\ndrawing conclusions on the benefits of the transtheoretical model\"\" as related to dietary interventions. Again, studies with slightly different design, e.g. using different processes, proved to be effective in predicting the stage transition of intention to exercise in relation to treating patients with diabetes. TTM has generally found a greater popularity regarding research on physical activity, due to the increasing problems associated with unhealthy diets and sedentary living, e.g. obesity, cardiovascular problems. A 2011 Cochrane Systematic Review found that there is little evidence to suggest that using the Transtheoretical Model Stages of Change (TTM SOC) method is effective in helping", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19369419", "chunk_text": "\"David Kantor\"\nDavid Kantor David Kantor, (b. 1927) is an American systems psychologist, organizational consultant, and clinical researcher. He is the founder of three research and training institutes, the author of numerous books and articles, and the inventor of a series of psychometric instruments that provide insight into individual and group behaviors. His groundbreaking empirical research revealed a fundamental structure to all communication, known as Structural Dynamics, which provides the solution to the most common communication challenges experienced in any human system. Kantor’s Four Player Model has been referenced by hundreds of other theorists including Peter Senge in The Fifth Discipline, Bill", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11032885", "chunk_text": "\"Eric Berne\"\nEric Berne Eric Berne (May 10, 1910 – July 15, 1970) was a Canadian-born psychiatrist who, in the middle of the 20th century, created the theory of transactional analysis as a way of explaining human behavior. Berne’s theory of transactional analysis was based on the ideas of Freud but was distinctly different. Freudian psychotherapists focused on talk therapy as a way of gaining insight to their patient’s personalities. Berne believed that insight could be better discovered by analyzing patients’ social transactions. Berne was among the first psychiatrists to apply game theory to the field of psychiatry, along with the famed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3314	who sings love me tender in princess diaries 2?	n/a	[ "Norah Jones", "Adam Levy" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11380322", "chunk_text": "\"The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement\"\nCrowning Glory\"\", a duet between Queen Clarisse (Julie Andrews) and Princess Asana (Raven-Symoné) was the first time Andrews had sung in public or on screen since she had throat surgery in 1997. In March 2016, despite the death of producer Whitney Houston in February 2012, Garry Marshall announced that Hathaway, who was pregnant with her first child, would appear in a third \"\"Princess Diaries\"\" film after she gave birth. However, with Marshall's death in July 2016, the project had been pulled. In August 2016, Hector Elizondo discussed a possibility that the third installment would still be produced. In an interview", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11380321", "chunk_text": "\"The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement\"\nscore of 4.6/10 based on 115 critical reviews. The site's general consensus is that \"\"Anne Hathaway and Julie Andrews bring charm and elegance to the movie, but there's not enough material for them to work with in this sequel.\"\" On Metacritic, which assigns a weighted mean rating out of 100 reviews from film critics, it has an average score of 43 from the 31 reviews, which indicates \"\"Mixed or average reviews\"\". The film's writer, Shonda Rhimes, later said that she treasured the experience if for nothing else – the opportunity to work with its star, Julie Andrews. The song, \"\"Your", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11380306", "chunk_text": "\"The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement\"\nThe Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement is a 2004 American romantic comedy film and the sequel to 2001's \"\"The Princess Diaries\"\". Unlike the first film, this film is not based on any of the books. Most of the cast returned from the first film, including Julie Andrews, Anne Hathaway, Héctor Elizondo, Heather Matarazzo, and Larry Miller. Garry Marshall returned to direct and Debra Martin Chase to produce. New characters include Viscount Mabrey (John Rhys-Davies), Lord Nicholas Devereaux (Chris Pine), and Andrew Jacoby (Callum Blue). Despite generally negative reviews from critics, the film had a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11380307", "chunk_text": "\"The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement\"\nworldwide box office of $134.7 million. Five years after the first film, Mia Thermopolis has just graduated from Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson School and is returning to Genovia with her bodyguard, Joe. There, she will await her reign once her grandmother, Queen Clarisse, steps down as Queen. During Mia's twenty first birthday party, she dances with all the eligible bachelors in hope of finding a husband. She becomes attracted to a handsome gentleman named Nicholas. During the course of the night, Mia's tiara falls off and is caught by a Member of Parliament, Viscount Mabrey, who secretly plans to steal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6851593", "chunk_text": "\"Love Me Tender (song)\"\nLove Me Tender (song) \"\"Love Me Tender\"\" is a 1956 song recorded by Elvis Presley and published by Elvis Presley Music from the 20th Century Fox film of the same name. The words and music are credited to Ken Darby under the pseudonym \"\"Vera Matson\"\", the name of his wife, and Elvis Presley. The RCA Victor recording by Elvis Presley was no. 1 on both the \"\"Billboard\"\" and \"\"Cashbox\"\" charts in 1956. The song was adapted from the tune of \"\"Aura Lee\"\", a sentimental Civil War ballad. The song is also featured in many other films such as \"\"FM, Touched", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18623144", "chunk_text": "\"Jonny Blu\"\nToluca Lake, California. Blu appeared as himself in the Garden Party scene of \"\"Princess Diaries 2: A Royal Engagement\"\", singing a Mandarin Chinese version of the song \"\"Miracles Happen\"\" (originally sung in English by Myra in the film \"\"Princess Diaries\"\"). Marshall and the music supervisor for the film \"\"Dawn Soler\"\" liked Blu's song so much that it ended up on the \"\"Princess Diaries 2\"\" soundtrack and earned Blu a RIAA Certified Gold Record with over 700,000 units sold. In 2005, Blu began an album in Los Angeles, recording swing and jazz songs which he had written with some classic standards", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5432295", "chunk_text": "\"Your Crowning Glory\"\nbefore handing it over to Assana after a remixed version starts to play. Andrews initially resisted the idea of singing in \"\"The Princess Diaries 2\"\", and she felt it would come across to audiences as gimmicky, and slow down the action, but she was eventually convinced by husband Blake Edwards and director Garry Marshall, on the condition that she would have the right to cut the number if it was unsuccessful. Andrews then personally chose Larry Grossman to work on the film's music, and he constructed a song that was written in a single octave to avoid it from being", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "287807", "chunk_text": "\"Love Me Tender (song)\"\nThe studio, 20th Century Fox, originally wanted to call the movie \"\"The Reno Brothers\"\" but instead re-titled it \"\"Love Me Tender\"\" to capitalize on the song's popularity. Movie producer David Weisbart would not allow Presley's regular band (Scotty Moore, Bill Black, and D.J. Fontana) to play on the soundtrack. Instead, The Ken Darby Trio provided the musical backing with Red Robinson on drums, Charles Prescott on bass, Vita Mumolo on guitar, and Jon Dodson on background vocals, with Presley providing only lead vocals. The single debuted at #2 on the \"\"Best Sellers in Stores\"\" pop singles chart, the first time", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18915600", "chunk_text": "\"The Princess Diaries (film)\"\nproduce the sequel. Unlike the first film, it is not based on any of the books. Most of the cast returned for the sequel, including Anne Hathaway, Julie Andrews, Héctor Elizondo, Heather Matarazzo, and Larry Miller. New cast and characters include Viscount Mabrey (John Rhys-Davies), Lord Nicholas Devereaux (Chris Pine), and Andrew Jacoby (Callum Blue). The Princess Diaries (film) The Princess Diaries is a 2001 American teen romantic comedy film directed by Garry Marshall and written by Gina Wendkos, based on Meg Cabot's 2000 novel of the same name. It stars Anne Hathaway (in her film debut) as Mia Thermopolis,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1019532", "chunk_text": "\"The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement\"\nis impressed by her act of generosity, while Mabrey sees it as a political maneuver. Mia later decides to convert one of the royal palaces into a temporary children's center. That night, Mia has her bachelorette party, inviting princesses from around the world, where Queen Clarisse surfs on a mattress and sings a duet with Princess Asana, one of Mia's good friends. In the meantime, Mabrey realizes Nicholas has fallen for Mia, but Nicholas says that Mia will never love him. Nicholas comes upon Mia as she is practicing her archery as part of her coronation rites. He helps her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7601702", "chunk_text": "\"Tender Kisses\"\nwith Darius McCrary who played the character of Eddie Winslow on an episode of the comedy/family sitcom \"\"Family Matters\"\" which aired on the ABC network in February 1993. Tender Kisses \"\"Tender Kisses\"\" is a song by American singer–songwriter Tracie Spencer. This song is the fourth single released from Spencer's second album, \"\"Make the Difference\"\" which was released in August 1990. The single was released on July 16, 1991. The song was written by Matt Sherrod, Paul Sherrod, Sir Spence and Tracie Spencer. The song is one of Spencer's most known hits to date, reaching number 1 on the R&B chart", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19756320", "chunk_text": "\"Love Me Tender (EP)\"\nand October 1, 1956. The title song was released as a single on September 28, 1956, and went to #1 on the singles chart. The music was based on the Civil War ballad \"\"Aura Lee,\"\" with new lyrics by Ken Darby. Darby, in fact, wrote all of the soundtrack songs, but credited them to his wife, Vera Matson, while Parker cut his publishing company, Hill and Range, in on the royalties by further crediting the writing to Presley as well. A reprise of \"\"Love Me Tender\"\" was recorded on October 1 and is heard at the end of the film;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "718254", "chunk_text": "\"The Princess Diaries (film)\"\nsecretary Charlotte Kutaway. Charlotte's surname is mentioned only in the credits, and Garry Marshall says it is a reference to how she is often used in cutaway shots. In one scene, Robert Schwartzman's real-life group Rooney makes a cameo playing a garage band named Flypaper, whose lead singer is Michael, played by Schwartzman. The Cable car tourist was portrayed by Kathy Garver. The book was set in New York City, but the film's location was changed to San Francisco. West Coast radio personalities Mark & Brian appear as themselves. The film opened in 2,537 theaters in North America and grossed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7601700", "chunk_text": "\"Tender Kisses\"\nTender Kisses \"\"Tender Kisses\"\" is a song by American singer–songwriter Tracie Spencer. This song is the fourth single released from Spencer's second album, \"\"Make the Difference\"\" which was released in August 1990. The single was released on July 16, 1991. The song was written by Matt Sherrod, Paul Sherrod, Sir Spence and Tracie Spencer. The song is one of Spencer's most known hits to date, reaching number 1 on the R&B chart in the United States by August 1991. \"\"Tender Kisses\"\" became a summer hit in 1991, hitting number one on the Hot R&B Singles chart by August 1991 and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19671776", "chunk_text": "\"Heartbreak Lullaby\"\nHeartbreak Lullaby Heartbreak Lullaby was A-Teens fourth and final single from the German and Scandinavian versions of their second studio album \"\"Teen Spirit\"\" and for \"\"The Princess Diaries\"\" movie soundtrack in Europe and Asia. The song was written by Jan Kask, Peter Mansson and Cathy Dennis. By public demand, the song was released on radio and TV in Mexico in January 2002 to promote the album \"\"Teen Spirit - New Version\"\" but failed to get the public's attention peaking only at fifty-eight on the Airplay Chart. The single had minor exposure due to big competition on the winter releases by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "287803", "chunk_text": "\"Love Me Tender (song)\"\nBy Love, This is Elvis, Porky's Revenge, Wild at Heart, Die Hard 2, Honeymoon in Vegas, Backbeat, Gaudi Afternoon, Machine Gun Molly, , William Eggleston in the Real World, California Dreamin', Love in Space, Devil's Due, Just Before I Go,\"\" and \"\"90 Minutes in Heaven.\"\" The 1956 song \"\"Love Me Tender\"\" puts new words to a new musical adaptation of the Civil War song \"\"Aura Lee,\"\" published in 1861. \"\"Aura Lee\"\" had music by George R. Poulton and words by W. W. Fosdick. It later became popular with college glee clubs and barbershop quartets. It was also sung at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18915599", "chunk_text": "\"The Princess Diaries (film)\"\n$22,862,269 in its opening weekend. It grossed $165,335,153 worldwide—$108,248,956 in North America and $57,086,197 in other territories. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 47% of 113 film critics gave the film a positive review, with a rating average of 5.2/10. The site's consensus reads, \"\"A charming, if familiar, makeover movie for young teenage girls.\"\" Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, gives the film a score of 52 based on 27 reviews. A sequel, \"\"\"\", was released on August 11, 2004, with Garry Marshall returning to direct and Debra Martin Chase to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12281311", "chunk_text": "\"The Boy I Love is Up in the Gallery\"\nhas Jessie Wallace singing the song in the title role. 2013 British drama-series \"\"Ripper Street\"\" has Charlene McKenna singing the song in the instalment titled \"\"Our Betrayal: Part 2\"\". The song featured in a 2017 episode of BBC Two series \"\"Peaky Blinders\"\" titled \"\"The Duel\"\". Annabelle Wallis's character Grace Burgess sang it; vocal credit was Dara MacMahon. 2018 film \"\"The Happy Prince\"\" has Rupert Everett singing the song in the role of Oscar Wilde. The Boy I Love is Up in the Gallery \"\"The Boy I Love Is Up in the Gallery\"\" is a music hall song written in 1885", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19672318", "chunk_text": "\"Julie Andrews\"\na sequel, \"\"\"\" (2004). In \"\"The Princess Diaries 2\"\", Andrews sang on film for the first time since having throat surgery. The song, \"\"Your Crowning Glory\"\" (a duet with teen idol Raven-Symoné), was set in a limited range of an octave to accommodate her recovering voice. The film's music supervisor, Dawn Soler, recalled that Andrews \"\"nailed the song on the first take. I looked around and I saw grips with tears in their eyes.\"\" Andrews continued her association with Disney when she appeared as the nanny in two television films based on the Eloise books, a series of children's books", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6851607", "chunk_text": "\"Love Me Tender (song)\"\nthe audience. \"\"Love Me Tender\"\" was also included in the four song Extended Play album (EP) \"\"Love Me Tender\"\" of the songs from the film. The reprise of the song was not included on the EP. The 1997 compact disc reissue with bonus tracks of the \"\"Jailhouse Rock\"\" EP contains these three versions. Love Me Tender (song) \"\"Love Me Tender\"\" is a 1956 song recorded by Elvis Presley and published by Elvis Presley Music from the 20th Century Fox film of the same name. The words and music are credited to Ken Darby under the pseudonym \"\"Vera Matson\"\", the name", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11380320", "chunk_text": "\"The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement\"\n\"\"Her Majesty Amelia Mignonette Thermopolis Renaldi, \"\"Queen\"\" of Genovia\"\", with all in attendance in the royal palace. An epilogue shows that Genovian Parliament now allows female members, one of whom is Charlotte (Clarisse's lady-in-waiting). In a final scene, Queen Mia officially opens a new children's home with the help of Carolina. The film opened in 3,472 theaters in North America and grossed $23 million in its opening weekend. It grossed $134.7 million worldwide—$95.2 million in North America and $39.6 million in other territories. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported that the film had a 25% \"\"certified rotten\"\" rating, with an average", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8689333", "chunk_text": "\"Russian Red\"\nSpain. In May 2011, she released her second album \"\"Fuerteventura\"\". At the same time, she toured in Asia including China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Korea. She also released a duet with Elvis Presley of his song \"\"Love Me Tender\"\" in the special Spanish edition of the album \"\"Viva Elvis\"\". \"\"Fuerteventura\"\" was recorded in Glasgow, Scotland with producer Tony Doogan (Belle & Sebastian, David Byrne, Mogwai). After the release of the album she began promoting it throughout Spain with presentations and concerts in major cities. In the summer of 2011 she started playing in the major festivals (Bilbao BBK Live, FIB,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "324934", "chunk_text": "\"Krystal Harris\"\nKrystal Harris Krystal Marie Peterson (née Harris; November 7, 1981 in Anderson, Indiana) is a singer-songwriter/instrumentalist who primarily plays the piano. Krystal has been singing since she was just 18 months old, and began playing the piano at 3 years of age. She also plays the drums and the flute. She graduated in 1999 from Anderson High School in Anderson, Indiana at the age of 17. She got her first big break performing the title song \"\"Supergirl!\"\" on Disney's \"\"The Princess Diaries\"\" soundtracks and was also known for touring as the opening act for the Backstreet Boys on their The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "287804", "chunk_text": "\"Love Me Tender (song)\"\nU.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York. The principal writer of the lyrics was Ken Darby, who also adapted Poulton's Civil War tune, which was in the public domain. The song was published by Elvis Presley Music. and credited to Presley and Darby's wife Vera Matson. Presley received co-songwriting credit due to his Hill & Range publishing deal which demanded songwriters concede 50 percent of the credit of their song if they wanted Presley to record it; Presley had songwriting input on only a very small number of the many songs he recorded When asked why he credited his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15500103", "chunk_text": "\"Tender Love\"\nTender Love \"\"Tender Love\"\" is a song by Force MDs from their second album \"\"Chillin'\"\" (1985). Written and produced by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, the tune appeared in the film \"\"Krush Groove\"\" (1985), and was featured on the film's soundtrack. Although primarily known as a pre-new jack swing/old school hip hop band, the Force MDs introduced themselves to a whole new audience with this song. Not only did the song reach number 4 on the R&B charts (where the group had already amassed a steady string of minor hits), but it also became a crossover hit, cracking the top", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12939121", "chunk_text": "\"Descendants 2\"\nwith the pre-order of the soundtrack. It debuted at number 1 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles. The song is produced by Sam Hollander and Josh Edmondson who wrote the song with Grant Michaels and Charity Daw. \"\"What's My Name\"\", performed by China Anne McClain, Thomas Doherty and Dylan Playfair, premiered on Radio Disney and then was officially released as second single on June 2, 2017. \"\"Rather Be With You\"\", from \"\"\"\", performed by Dove Cameron, Sofia Carson, Lauryn McClain and Brenna D'Amico, was released as first promotional single on October 28, 2016. \"\"Evil\"\", from Wicked World, performed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11308883", "chunk_text": "\"Love & Sex, Pt. 2\"\nLove & Sex, Pt. 2 \"\"Love & Sex, Pt. 2\"\" is a song by American recording artist Joe, featuring guest vocals from singer Kelly Rowland. Originally recorded by Joe and fellow R&B singer Fantasia Barrino for his tenth album \"\"\"\" (2013), a re-arranged version of the song, featuring a new instrumentation and vocals by Rowland, was included on Joe's follow-up album \"\"Bridges\"\" (2014). Written by Alvin Garrett, Gerald Isaac, and Derek \"\"D.O.A.\"\" Allen, with production helmed by the latter, it was released as the lead single from the \"\"Bridges\"\" album. It reached the top five on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Adult", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2163189", "chunk_text": "\"Tender (song)\"\n\"\"13\"\". The appearance of \"\"Song 2\"\" on the single was a last-minute substitution. A remix of the song by Cornelius was released on the \"\"No Distance Left to Run\"\" single. The song is featured during the ending credits of the movie \"\"Southland Tales\"\" (2007) by Richard Kelly. In December 2017, a cover version of the song featured in a Christmas advert for Co-op. The song is featured during the ending credits of the final episode of the 2018 five-part Showtime Limited drama miniseries starring Benedict Cumberbatch, \"\"Patrick Melrose\"\". Tender (song) \"\"Tender\"\" is a 1999 song by English rock band Blur.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "544570", "chunk_text": "\"Prince + Princess 2\"\nHowever, there are songs used in the series. In particular, the series had six songs from different artists released in their respective albums. The opening theme song used is \"\"I Love Hang Drop\"\" (我的愛吊點滴) by Rainie Yang while the ending theme song used is by Afalean Lufiz entitled \"\"Can You Love Me\"\" (可不可以愛我). A 128-page paperback cover photo book was published detailing behind the scenes and production of the drama. The book contains published hand written letters from the two main leads and original series director Winnie Qu You Ning showing their appreciation for the fans support of the drama.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9532710", "chunk_text": "\"If I Love U 2 Nite\"\non Valentine's Day, 1996. The song was originally written by Prince for his band member Gayle Chapman to sing. Chapman recorded two versions of this song. Later, Prince sang it as an outtake in 1987 from a man's point of view. It was also covered by Mica Paris in 1991. The original Prince guide vocal for \"\"If I Love U 2 Nite\"\" appeared by mistake on the rare Mica Paris \"\"Stand for Love\"\" EP, of which only a handful exist. It was Mayte's biggest hit and a fan favorite due to Mayte's shy, cute, pop sound, unlike the others' soul", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18447201", "chunk_text": "\"Breakaway (Kelly Clarkson song)\"\nfrom a small town who follows her dream and becomes an international star. It also contained scenes interspersed from \"\"The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement\"\". Clarkson acted out most of the lyrics in the music video because she felt that the song was autobiographical. Critics responded positively to the music video for being faithful to the central theme shared by the song, the film, and Clarkson's personal biography. Clarkson performed the song in a series of live appearances such as television shows \"\"Saturday Night Live\"\", \"\"The Oprah Winfrey Show\"\" and \"\"The Tonight Show with Jay Leno\"\". She has performed the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3391233", "chunk_text": "\"Bridget Benenate\"\nBridget Benenate Bridget Benenate is an American songwriter who first found success with the song \"\"Permission to Shine,\"\" which was performed by the band Bachelor Girl. The same year Bridget's song \"\"Everything Changes\"\" was featured on \"\"Dawson’s Creek\"\" in Episode #2-21 \"\"Ch...Ch...Ch...Changes...\"\". In 2001 Benenate met music producer Matthew Gerrard. They quickly clicked and started to collaborate. One of the first songs they wrote together was \"\"Hold On\"\" for the girl group Bewitched, which was featured in the movie \"\"Princess Diaries\"\". In 2003 the duo penned several songs for young Christian artists Nate Sallie and Jaci Velasquez. Jaci’s album, \"\"Unspoken\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2315636", "chunk_text": "\"Love Me Tender (EP)\"\nLove Me Tender (EP) Love Me Tender is an EP by Elvis Presley, containing the four songs from the motion picture of the same name. It was released by RCA in November 1956. The EP peaked at #9 on Top Pop Albums chart with sales of over 600,000, as well as making it to #35 on the singles chart. It was simultaneously certified Gold and Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America on March 27, 1992. The film was originally intended to be a straight acting role for Presley, but due to the popularity of the single \"\"Love Me", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3485032", "chunk_text": "\"Broken Vow\"\nBroken Vow \"\"Broken Vow\"\" is a song that was written by Lara Fabian and Walter Afanasieff for Fabian's self-titled album released in 1999. It has since been recorded and performed by many other singers. \"\"Broken Vow\"\" was featured as an insert song in the Taiwanese soap opera \"\"Meteor Garden II\"\". It has a music video consisting of several scenes from the soap opera. Josh Groban first recorded the song in 2002 on his album, \"\"Closer\"\". It has also been recorded by Emile Pandolfi (2005), G4 (2005), Petra Berger and Jan Vayne (2008), and Thomas Spencer-Wortley (2009). It is also a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3426198", "chunk_text": "BBMak\nYear's Eve special. In 2001, BBMak released a DVD called \"\"Sooner or Later: Our First Year in America\"\" and their third single, \"\"Ghost of You and Me\"\", peaked at No. 8 on the US adult contemporary chart. In July 2001, BBMak had the track \"\"Miss You More\"\" featured on the soundtrack to \"\"The Princess Diaries\"\". Later that year in October, Christian Burns' vocals were featured along with those of 'N Sync's Lance Bass and Joey Fatone, Mandy Moore and True Vibe on the single \"\"On the Line\"\" for the film of the same name. The song \"\"Don't Look Down\"\" was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5783294", "chunk_text": "\"The Princess Bride (album)\"\nThe Princess Bride (album) The Princess Bride is a soundtrack album by British singer-songwriter and guitarist Mark Knopfler, released on 12 November 1987 by Vertigo Records internationally, and by Warner Bros. Records in the United States. The album contains music composed for the 1987 film \"\"The Princess Bride\"\", directed by Rob Reiner. The album features the song \"\"Storybook Love\"\", written and performed by Willy DeVille and arranged by Mark Knopfler. In 1988, the song received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song. In his audio commentary of the film on the Special Edition DVD, director Rob Reiner said that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18327827", "chunk_text": "\"Kiss the Girl\"\nsong from \"\"The Little Mermaid\"\" soundtrack. This song is written in the key of C Major. It took place in the scene where Ariel a Eric are in a boat and Sebastian tries to bring the mood On a two-part 1995 episode of Family Matters, \"\"We're Going to Disney World\"\", the song was played in the background on some love scenes between Stefan Urquelle (Played by Jaleel White) and Laura Winslow (Played by Kellie Shanygne Williams) throughout Disney World. In 1991, Soul II Soul released a version for the compilation \"\"Simply Mad About the Mouse: A Musical Celebration of Imagination\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20954434", "chunk_text": "\"Ready 2 Go\"\nstands brandish square papers of different colors to form the words \"\"Ready to Go\"\". Ready 2 Go \"\"Ready 2 Go\"\" is a song performed by French DJ and record producer Martin Solveig from his fifth studio album, \"\"Smash\"\" (2011). It features vocals from British singer Kele Okereke. The dubstep-influenced song was released as the album's second single on 28 March 2011. It peaked at number 20 on the French Singles Chart. It is a secondary theme song of the 2011 Copa América tournament. The song has been featured in the episode \"\"Disturbing Behavior\"\" of \"\"The Vampire Diaries\"\" and on its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3499471", "chunk_text": "\"Silly Love Songs (Glee)\"\nSilly Love Songs (Glee) \"\"Silly Love Songs\"\" is the twelfth episode of the second season of the American musical television series \"\"Glee\"\", and the thirty-fourth overall. The Valentine's Day-themed episode was written by series creator Ryan Murphy, directed by Tate Donovan, and premiered on Fox on February 8, 2011. In this episode, Director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) assigns the McKinley High School glee club to perform love songs in honor of Valentine's Day. Club member Finn Hudson (Cory Monteith) sets up a kissing booth for the occasion, to take advantage of his rising popularity and raise money for the club.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "376093", "chunk_text": "\"Overboard (a cappella)\"\ncover of Katy Perry's hit song \"\"Firework\"\" performed by Ithaca College's Ithacappella and Premium Blend a cappella groups reached iTunes' Top 200. Proceeds of the song are donated to The Trevor Project, an organization focused on suicide prevention efforts among LGBTQ youth. Overboard Productions edited and mixed the backing track to the University of St Andrews' The Other Guys' viral video \"\"Royal Romance\"\". Released to commemorate the wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton, \"\"Royal Romance\"\" is a mashup of Lady Gaga's \"\"Bad Romance\"\", Michael Jackson's \"\"Billie Jean\"\" and Gustav Holst's \"\"I Vow To Thee, My Country\"\" The video was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17653100", "chunk_text": "\"Far Longer than Forever\"\nThan Forever'...echoes the first five notes of \"\"Beauty and the Beast.\"\" It is sung within the context of the film as a love song, and again performed over the credits as an RnB ballad by Regina Belle and Jeffrey Osborne. In the 1994 animated film, the song was performed by vocalists, Liz Callaway, as the singing voice of Princess Odette, and Howard McGillin, as the speaking and singing voice of Prince Derek. In the closing credits, a popular rendition of the song was performed by renowned R&B recording artists, Regina Belle and Jeffrey Osborne. Michelle Nicastro and Kenneth Cope sings", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9888185", "chunk_text": "\"Descendants 2\"\nDescendants 2 Descendants 2 is an American musical fantasy television film. It premiered as a Disney Channel Original Movie on July 21, 2017 on Disney Channel, and was simulcast on Disney-owned networks ABC, Disney XD, Freeform, Lifetime and Lifetime Movies. It is the second installment in the \"\"Descendants\"\" franchise and the sequel to the 2015 film \"\"Descendants\"\". The film stars Dove Cameron, Cameron Boyce, Sofia Carson, Booboo Stewart, Mitchell Hope and China Anne McClain. A third film, \"\"Descendants 3\"\", will premiere in 2019. Mal struggles with her new celebrity life as the girlfriend of King Ben, putting a spell on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1019529", "chunk_text": "\"The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement\"\nMia's crown. While the Parliament is in-session the next morning, Mia stumbles upon a hidden room that allows her to secretly listen in. Viscount Mabrey reveals his nephew, Lord Devereaux, is another heir to the Genovian throne. Despite Queen Clarisse's objection, the only way Mia can assume her duties as Queen is if she marries within the month. Clarisse invites Lord Devereaux to stay at the palace, while Mia is shocked to discover Lord Devereaux is actually Nicholas. Mia's best friend, Lilly Moscovitz, surprises her by visiting. Together, they pick through potential husbands. Mia eventually chooses Andrew Jacoby, Duke of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19571030", "chunk_text": "\"The Princess Diaries (film)\"\nThe Princess Diaries (film) The Princess Diaries is a 2001 American teen romantic comedy film directed by Garry Marshall and written by Gina Wendkos, based on Meg Cabot's 2000 novel of the same name. It stars Anne Hathaway (in her film debut) as Mia Thermopolis, a teenager who discovers that she is the heir to the throne of the fictional Kingdom of Genovia, ruled by her grandmother Queen dowager Clarisse Renaldi (Julie Andrews). The film also stars Heather Matarazzo, Héctor Elizondo, Mandy Moore, and Robert Schwartzman. Released in North America on August 3, 2001, the film was a commercial success,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2819486", "chunk_text": "\"The Princess Bride (album)\"\nindicated. The Princess Bride (album) The Princess Bride is a soundtrack album by British singer-songwriter and guitarist Mark Knopfler, released on 12 November 1987 by Vertigo Records internationally, and by Warner Bros. Records in the United States. The album contains music composed for the 1987 film \"\"The Princess Bride\"\", directed by Rob Reiner. The album features the song \"\"Storybook Love\"\", written and performed by Willy DeVille and arranged by Mark Knopfler. In 1988, the song received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song. In his audio commentary of the film on the Special Edition DVD, director Rob Reiner said", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10474909", "chunk_text": "\"Dangerously in Love 2\"\nhad New Yorkers cheering like the Yankees had just won the World Series when she perfectly hit the high note toward the end of 'Dangerously in Love 2'.\"\" On August 5, 2007, Beyoncé performed the song at the Madison Square Garden in Manhattan. While singing, Beyoncé was accompanied by her all-female band, and she incorporated Jill Scott's \"\"He Loves Me\"\" in \"\"Dangerously in Love 2\"\". Shaheem Reid of MTV News praised the performance, writing: \"\"For all the dancing she did, Beyoncé got an equally big — if not more resounding — response for displaying her undeniable vocal ability on the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12607515", "chunk_text": "\"Jill Paquette\"\nYear. Paquette wrote two songs for the 2014 romantic drama The Song –\"\"All I Wanna Be\"\" and the film’s title song, \"\"The Song (Awaken Love).\"\" She appears in the film singing \"\"I Love You Truly,\"\" which is also featured on the film’s soundtrack. Jill Paquette Jill Paquette-DeZwaan (born 1979) is a Canadian folk musician and Christian pop singer. She launched her music career in 2003 with her first studio album, \"\"Jill Paquette\"\", released by Reunion Records. Jill Paquette-DeZwaan was born in Houston, Canada in 1979. She is of French-Canadian and Native American ancestry. Raised in a musical family, Paquette first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8833055", "chunk_text": "\"Wild Orchid (band)\"\nsession singer for children's music. She provided the singing voice for 'Princess Fiona' in the movie \"\"Shrek 2\"\". Also, her vocals are prominently featured on several Disney albums, including: \"\"SuperStar Kidz\"\" (2003), \"\"Superstar Kidz 2\"\" (2004), \"\"Mousercise\"\" (2007), \"\"Disney Cuties\"\" (2008), \"\"Camp Rock\"\" Soundtrack (2008), and \"\"Playhouse Disney Let's Dance\"\" (2010). In 2007, she sang with Ruben Martinez in \"\"Just Like We Dreamed It\"\", which was the theme song for the 15th anniversary of Disneyland Resort Paris. The song was released as a single exclusively in France on March 31, 2007. She also sang on several television commercials, including the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20954432", "chunk_text": "\"Ready 2 Go\"\nReady 2 Go \"\"Ready 2 Go\"\" is a song performed by French DJ and record producer Martin Solveig from his fifth studio album, \"\"Smash\"\" (2011). It features vocals from British singer Kele Okereke. The dubstep-influenced song was released as the album's second single on 28 March 2011. It peaked at number 20 on the French Singles Chart. It is a secondary theme song of the 2011 Copa América tournament. The song has been featured in the episode \"\"Disturbing Behavior\"\" of \"\"The Vampire Diaries\"\" and on its sister show \"\"The Secret Circle\"\" in the episode \"\"Masked\"\". The Hardwell remix of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16139688", "chunk_text": "\"Love Me Tender (song)\"\nsong was Presley's second adaptation of \"\"Aura Lee\"\". Although Presley never re-recorded \"\"Love Me Tender\"\" in a studio setting, two live recordings of the song were released on the albums: \"\"NBC-TV Special\"\" and \"\"\"\", with additional performances from concert and television appearances being released after Presley's death. The song was also performed in the Golden Globe-winning concert film \"\"Elvis on Tour\"\" (1972). As seen in that film, and in other filmed and recorded accounts, Presley generally performed only a portion of the song's lyrics live, instead usually using the song as a device to interact with (usually) female members of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3315	who was the chicago bears quarterback last year?	n/a	[ "Matt Barkley", "Jay Cutler (5)", "Matt Barkley (6)", "Brian Hoyer", "Jay Cutler", "Brian Hoyer (5)" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "55870", "chunk_text": "\"Chicago Bears\"\nstarters and secondary players, including Jay Cutler, who only played five games as a result of two separate injuries. Backup quarterback Brian Hoyer started the next three games before a broken arm put him out for the season. He was replaced by Matt Barkley, who made his first career start with the Bears. None of the three quarterbacks returned for the 2017 season. In the 2017 NFL Draft, the team selected quarterback Mitchell Trubisky with the second-overall pick, who sat behind newly-signed quarterback Mike Glennon for the first four games before taking over. The Bears ended the season 5–11 and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4550586", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\n49ers in exchange for their second-overall pick. Moving up a spot in the draft order, the Bears used it on North Carolina quarterback Mitchell Trubisky; although he only started for one full season, Trubisky threw for 30 touchdowns and just six interceptions in 2016, including completing 68 percent of his passes and an average of 8.4 yards per pass. In the second round, the Bears traded the 36th-overall pick and a seventh-round selection (No. 211) to the Cardinals in exchange for their 45th-overall pick, a fourth- (No. 119) and sixth-rounder (No. 197), and a fourth-rounder in 2018. With the new", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15378846", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Chicago Bears season\"\nleague-most 94.3 percent of field goals to be converted. At quarterback, the Bears alternated between three players due to injuries; Jay Cutler and Brian Hoyer started five games each, while Matt Barkley started six. After injuring his thumb in week two and missing the next five games, Cutler made his return in Minnesota with a touchdown pass. He struggled in the next two games against the Buccaneers and Giants before his season ended with a shoulder injury. In 2016, Cutler threw for 1,059 yards with four touchdowns, five interceptions and a 78.1 passer rating. Second-stringer Hoyer threw for 300 yards", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4550694", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nTrubisky ran for 246 yards, the most by a Bears quarterback since Kordell Stewart in 2003, along with throwing for 193 yards; the latter increased his season passing yard total to 2,015, the most by a rookie in Bears history. On New Year's Eve, Chicago played 12–3 Minnesota, who led the NFC North and would clinch the second seed in the playoffs with a win, at U.S. Bank Stadium. The Bears' 30th-ranked offense (11th in rushing and 31st in passing) faced a Vikings defense that led the league, including second-place rankings in rush and pass defense. To survive, Jeff Joniak", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929909", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\n2017 Chicago Bears season The 2017 season was the Chicago Bears' 98th in the National Football League and their third and final season under head coach John Fox. The Bears improved upon the previous year's 3–13 record, finishing 5–11, but failed to make the playoffs and suffered their fourth consecutive losing season. This was their first season since 2008 without Jay Cutler as their starting quarterback, ending an eight-year era. Instead, the Bears picked up former Tampa Bay Buccaneers quarterback Mike Glennon in free agency and traded up to the number two overall pick in the draft for Mitchell Trubisky.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6836363", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Chicago Bears season\"\n38–20, but lost by more than 20 points in their last two games. On the other hand, the Bears won the last game between the two in Chicago in 2014. Although regular starting quarterback Jameis Winston was returning from a three-game suspension, the Buccaneers gave the start against the Bears to backup Ryan Fitzpatrick, who excelled in the first three games as he threw for over 1,200 yards with 11 touchdowns and a 124.8 passer rating. He also threw for over 400 yards in all three games, becoming the first quarterback in NFL history to have such a streak. However,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929989", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nof eleven third down situations. In the second half, the offense was forced to punt on four straight drives and ended the day having allowed four total sacks. Trubisky completed just four of seven passes, making him the first quarterback since the 2011 Denver Broncos' Tim Tebow to win a game while completing less than five passes; coincidentally, Tebow's head coach was also John Fox. While coaching the Panthers in 2006, Fox's team defeated the Falcons as quarterback Chris Weinke also completed four of seven passes. During the eighth week of the season, the Bears went to the Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929945", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nmargin to five points, though the Bears retaliated as Trubisky launched a 45-yard pass to Tanner Gentry for the score. Two series later, Titans quarterback Matt Cassel was strip-sacked by Lamarr Houston, with Chicago's John Jenkins recovering; Connor Shaw eventually took over the Bears' quarterback role, though his drive also ended with a fumble when Freddie Stevenson lost the ball after being tackles by Justin Staples, with Daren Bates recovering. With 1:46 Alex Tanney guided the Titans offense into Chicago territory before failing to convert on fourth down. Shaw kneeled once to end the game with a 19–7 win. Despite", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4345774", "chunk_text": "\"Mitchell Trubisky\"\nMitchell Trubisky Mitchell David Trubisky (born August 20, 1994) is an American football quarterback for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at North Carolina, and was drafted by the Bears with the second overall pick in the 2017 NFL Draft. Trubisky was born in Mentor, Ohio. He attended Mentor High School where he played for the Cardinals football team. During his high school football career, he passed for 9,126 yards and 92 touchdowns and rushed for 1,559 career yards and 33 touchdowns. He was the recipient of the Ohio Mr. Football Award in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4550664", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\n2013 54–11. To take on the Eagles defense, Jeff Joniak elaborated on using a rushing attack that ranked fifth in the league, along with keeping Mitchell Trubisky protected and scoring points; entering the game, the Eagles were allowing less than 19 points per game. Defensively, the Bears faced quarterback Carson Wentz, who led the league in touchdown passes with three, and an offense that ranked first in scoring; eleven different players on the Eagles had scored a touchdown in 2017. With Danny Trevathan and Leonard Floyd out due to injuries, the backups were also challenged by a rushing unit featuring", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4550596", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\ncommitted four consecutive penalties and Denver was able to add three points to the score with Brandon McManus' 38-yard field goal. Another turnover for the Bears offense occurred when Cody Whitehair's snap missed Glennon and was recovered by Jamal Carter of the Broncos. Both teams traded punts and Mark Sanchez eventually replaced Glennon at quarterback; Glennon struggled greatly, completing just two of eight passes for 20 yards with an interception and a 0.0 passer rating. Sanchez would play one series, completing a pass for four yards. With 1:55 remaining in the first half, Mitchell Trubisky became the Bears' quarterback, where", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4550581", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nyards and a touchdown, along with four rushing attempts for two yards, while he did not record a rush or a reception in 2016. On January 9, linebacker Josh Shirley was waived. Shirley, who was signed to the Bears' practice squad on December 14 and promoted to the active roster for the season finale, played only one defensive snap for the team in 2016. On March 9, the team released longtime quarterback Jay Cutler; the 33-year-old quarterback holds multiple franchise passing records, but played just five games in 2016 due to injury. Later in the month, on March 31, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929954", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nMike Glennon returned to Raymond James Stadium to take on his former team, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Although the Bears led the all-time series 38–19 and had won three of the last four games, the Buccaneers routed the Bears 36–10 in their latest meeting in 2016. Chicago's 25th-ranked defense (tenth against the run and 27th against the pass) faced a Tampa offense spearheaded by quarterback Jameis Winston, who threw for 28 touchdowns and 18 interceptions for a passer rating of 86.1 passer rating in 2016. Winston's catchers included receivers Mike Evans and DeSean Jackson, along with tight ends Cameron Brate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929970", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nOn \"\"Monday Night Football\"\", Mitchell Trubisky made his NFL debut against the Minnesota Vikings, who led the all-time series 58–52–2, though the Bears had won all but two games at Soldier Field since 2007. Trubisky is the eleventh rookie quarterback in team history to start a game and the first since Kyle Orton in 2005, though only three won their first games (Jim McMahon, Rex Grossman, Craig Krenzel); furthermore, since 2009, only one of nine Bears quarterbacks won in their debuts with the team (Todd Collins). Jeff Joniak emphasized a focus on first down success; the Bears' rushing game, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3677553", "chunk_text": "\"Jay Cutler\"\nJay Cutler Jay Christopher Cutler (born April 29, 1983) is a former American football quarterback who played 12 seasons in the National Football League. He played college football at Vanderbilt and was drafted by the Denver Broncos in the first round of the 2006 NFL Draft, for whom he played for three seasons. In 2009, he was traded to the Chicago Bears, where he played for eight seasons. Following the 2016 season, Cutler announced his retirement and his intention to become a sportscaster for NFL on Fox's television broadcasts. However, following a season-ending injury to Miami Dolphins quarterback Ryan Tannehill", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9570652", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Chicago Bears\"\nplaying. None of the three quarterbacks returned for the 2017 season. In the 2017 NFL Draft, the team selected quarterback Mitchell Trubisky, who sat behind newly-signed quarterback Mike Glennon for the first four games before taking over. The Bears ended the season 5–11 and again finished last in the NFC North. On January 1, 2018, Fox was fired, ending his tenure in Chicago with a 14–34 record. A week later, Kansas City Chiefs offensive coordinator Matt Nagy was hired to become the 16th head coach in Bears history. On September 2, 2018, the Bears traded away their 2019 and 2020", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4345784", "chunk_text": "\"Mitchell Trubisky\"\n20–3 victory over the Cleveland Browns, Trubisky threw for 193 yards; increasing his season passing yard total to 2,015, the most by a rookie in Bears history. In the regular season finale, a 23–10 loss to the Minnesota Vikings, he had 178 passing yards and no interceptions. Trubisky ended his rookie season with a 4–8 record in 12 starts, seven touchdown passes, and seven interceptions. He also ran for 248 yards, the most by a Bears quarterback since Kordell Stewart in 2003. Fox was fired after the 2017 season and was replaced by Kansas City Chiefs offensive coordinator Matt Nagy,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15378848", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Chicago Bears season\"\nto the Lions. Of his 216 pass attempts, 89 went for a first down (41.2 percent), trailing only Atlanta's Matt Ryan (44.6) for the highest percentage in the league. His success dropped in the final three games when he allowed a combined ten turnovers. Barkley ended the year having thrown for eight touchdowns and 14 interceptions. The quarterbacks threw a combined 13 interceptions in the second half during the 2016 season, second-most in the league behind the Jets (19). Entering the 2016 season, rookie Jordan Howard was the third-string running back behind Jeremy Langford and Ka'Deem Carey. After injuries sidelined", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929986", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nMcCaffrey, and Ed Dickson. The Bears started the game on a strong note when Newton's pitch to Curtis Samuel was dropped and recovered by Eddie Jackson, who returned the fumble for a 75-yard touchdown. The next three drives ended with punts, with Chicago's next series stalling after Mitchell Trubisky was sacked for a nine-yard loss on Carolina's 25-yard line. Connor Barth's 52-yard field goal attempt was partially blocked by Kawann Short and hit the crossbar. On the Panthers' following possession, Newton's pass for Benjamin was broken up by Prince Amukamara and intercepted by Jackson, resulting in a 76-yard pick six.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12977940", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Chicago Bears season\"\nand won just three of eleven all-time meetings, visited Soldier Field in week eight. The Jets were led by rookie quarterback Sam Darnold and running back Isaiah Crowell, who was averaging 5.7 yards per carry. Entering the game, Darnold led the league in interceptions with ten and had lost much of his receiving corps to injury, a predicament that Stankevitz pointed out could be exploited by the Bears defense even with Mack out with ankle issues; the game was the first that Mack missed in his NFL career. For the Bears offense, Robinson did not play due to a nagging", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16133889", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Chicago Bears season\"\ndrive. After three drives ended in punts, Trubisky threw a 14-yard touchdown to Allen Robinson. Chandler Catanzaro kicked a 30-yard field goal to start the second quarter, but Trubisky and the Bears answered with three straight unanswered touchdowns through the air of 9, 20, and 3 yards to Tarik Cohen, Josh Bellamy, and Taylor Gabriel. The final score saw a trick play that featured Daniel lining up beside Trubisky in the backfield, with Trubisky pitching the ball forward to Gabriel before faking the hand-off to Daniel. The play, nicknamed \"\"Willy Wonka\"\", had been devised by Nagy and the two quarterbacks.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6836318", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Chicago Bears season\"\nRobinson tore an anterior cruciate ligament in the first game of 2017 with the Jacksonville Jaguars; in the three prior years, he recorded 2,831 receiving yards and 22 touchdowns, and was named to the 2015 Pro Bowl. During the 2017 Atlanta Falcons season, Gabriel caught 33 passes for 378 yards and a touchdown. Burton, who played for the Eagles in 2017, had 23 receptions for 248 yards and five scores. In Super Bowl LII, he threw a touchdown pass to quarterback Nick Foles. Parkey, who worked with Tabor during his tenure with the Browns, converted 21 of 23 field goals", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13229011", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Chicago Bears season\"\n2016 Chicago Bears season The 2016 Chicago Bears season was the franchise's 97th season in the National Football League and the second under head coach John Fox. The Bears looked to improve upon their 6–10 record from 2015; however, they suffered a second consecutive 0–3 start and were plagued by injuries with an NFL-high 19 players on the injured reserve list by the end of the season. Multiple injuries to quarterback Jay Cutler resulted in backups Brian Hoyer and Matt Barkley playing much of the season. They finished with a 3–13 record, the worst record for the team since the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929965", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nsecond-most in the NFL. A product of running the ball would be keeping Packers quarterback Aaron Rodgers off the field; Rodgers, who was 15–4 against the Bears, led the league in completions and passing first downs (49), along with second in passing yards. The Packers offense was ranked third in third down conversion percentage (48.8) and time of possession. However, the Packers offensive line was struggling with injuries, especially with five tackles hurt and three on injured reserve, which Joniak expected the Bears to capitalize on. Rodgers opened the scoring on the first drive of the game, throwing a five-yard", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15378847", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Chicago Bears season\"\nin four straight games, the first Bear to do so in team history, with a season total of 1,445 yards with six touchdowns, no interceptions and a 98.0 passer rating. However, the Bears went 1–3 during his stint before he suffered a season-ending arm injury in Green Bay. Third-string quarterback Connor Shaw's leg injury in the preseason resulted in Barkley becoming the new signal-caller for the Bears. he threw for three touchdown passes in the six-point loss against the Titans, followed by leading the Bears to a win over the 49ers and recorded another touchdown pass in a close loss", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4345781", "chunk_text": "\"Mitchell Trubisky\"\nquarterbacks with at least 50 passes with 106.2, along with three touchdowns and no interceptions. Despite his strong preseason, he was named the backup to Mike Glennon for the 2017 regular season. After the Bears started the season with a 1–3 record, head coach John Fox benched Glennon and Trubisky was named the starter for Week 5. Trubisky made his first regular season start on October 9, 2017, against the Minnesota Vikings, where he completed 12-of-25 passes for 128 yards, a touchdown, and an interception, as the Bears lost 20–17 on \"\"Monday Night Football\"\". His first career touchdown was a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4550686", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nteam's total yards), but was one of three teams in the league with less than 300 total rushing attempts and averaging fewer than 77 rushing yards per game. Detroit's passing attack continued to be led by Matthew Stafford, who recorded a career-best 120.2 passer rating against the Bears earlier in the season. Matt Prater made a 48-yard field goal on the Lions' opening drive, followed by a 31-yard kick in the second quarter to put Detroit up by six. After being pinned on his team's eight-yard line, Stafford led a 92-yard drive that ended with a three-yard touchdown pass to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12977939", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Chicago Bears season\"\nwhere Trubisky threw a Hail Mary pass; although Kevin White caught the pass, he was tackled one yard short of the end zone to seal the 38–31 defeat. Now on a two-game losing streak that dropped them to 3–3, the Bears fell from first to third in the NFC, tied with the Lions. Trubisky's 39-yard run to set up the Cohen touchdown was the longest by a Bear in 2018, while his team-leading 81 rushing yards were the most by a Bears quarterback since Cade McNown in 2000. The New York Jets, who had not defeated the Bears since 2000", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4345790", "chunk_text": "\"Mitchell Trubisky\"\nsince 2010. Trubisky is nicknamed \"\"Mr. Biscuit\"\" as a play on his name. Mitchell Trubisky Mitchell David Trubisky (born August 20, 1994) is an American football quarterback for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at North Carolina, and was drafted by the Bears with the second overall pick in the 2017 NFL Draft. Trubisky was born in Mentor, Ohio. He attended Mentor High School where he played for the Cardinals football team. During his high school football career, he passed for 9,126 yards and 92 touchdowns and rushed for 1,559 career yards and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929915", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nbeing released by the Philadelphia Eagles at the end of the preseason. On March 10, the Bears signed quarterback Mike Glennon, wide receiver Markus Wheaton, tight end Dion Sims and safety Quintin Demps. Glennon, who started 18 games for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers between 2013 and 2014, signed a three-year, $43.5 million deal with the Bears and started the first four games of the season. Wheaton, a former third-round pick by the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2013, missed most of the 2016 season with a shoulder injury, after recording 44 receptions for 749 yards and five touchdowns in 2015. Sims, an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4550597", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nhe led the offense by completing all four of his passes for 24 yards on a six-play, 50-yard drive, culminating in a two-yard touchdown pass to Victor Cruz. After the Broncos punted to start the second half, Trubisky guided the Bears on a 75-yard series, which ended with Benny Cunningham's one-yard touchdown run to take the 14–10 lead. On Chicago's next possession, the offense traveled 45 yards before Connor Barth kicked a 25-yard field goal. Despite the seven-point advantage, the Broncos scored 14 unanswered points on Kyle Sloter's 47-yard touchdown pass to Isaiah McKenzie and DeAngelo Henderson's 41-yard run on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929979", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\n305 yards per game) that also ranked ninth in average yards allowed per play (5.07). With Danny Trevathan returning from suspension, the defense faced a Ravens offense that ranked sixth in rushing with 130.4 yards per game. On the other hand, Baltimore's offensive line – particularly the guards – had been struggling due to injuries, and Cox wrote the defense should take advantage of the openings. While the Bears had yet to record an interception in 2017, Ravens quarterback Joe Flacco had thrown 33 in his last 31 games, including one in ten consecutive games; Cox added, \"\"It's up to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11049846", "chunk_text": "\"Tyler Bray\"\ngame. On March 16, 2018, Bray signed a one-year contract with the Chicago Bears. He was waived on September 1, 2018 and was signed to the practice squad the next day. He was promoted to the active roster on November 21, 2018 to serve as the backup to Chase Daniel following an injury to starter Mitchell Trubisky. Tyler Bray Tyler Ian Bray (born December 27, 1991) is an American football quarterback for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). After playing his college football at the University of Tennessee, he declared himself eligible for the 2013 NFL Draft,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929975", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nto Zach Miller, who caught a pass that had been tipped by Andrew Sendejo. Now trailing by just two points, the Bears elected to go for a two-point conversion, on which they attempted another trick play: Trubisky handed the ball to Howard on what appeared to be a draw play until Howard gave it to Miller, who was running in the opposite direction. Trubisky ran alongside Miller on a reverse option play, catching a lateral from the tight end when Miller was stopped by Anthony Barr, allowing the quarterback to run into the end zone unscathed. The next three series", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6839179", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Chicago Bears season\"\nfeatured one practice and no film session, the Bears visited Ford Field to play the Lions for the second time in three weeks. Part of the NFL's Thanksgiving Day tradition, it was the 17th meeting between the two on the holiday; the Bears were 17–15–2 in total games played on Thanksgiving. With Trubisky out due to his shoulder injury, Chicago started Daniel at quarterback, his first regular season start since 2014 and third of his career. Tyler Bray was promoted from the practice squad to back up Daniel, which led to Marcus Cooper being released to make room for him", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15482496", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Glennon\"\nbefore the Week 5 game against the Minnesota Vikings, it was announced that Glennon had been benched in favor of rookie 2017 first-round pick Mitchell Trubisky. Glennon saw no more playing time in the 2017 season after Trubisky was named the starter. In four games, he finished with 833 passing yards, four touchdowns, and five interceptions. He also had eight turnovers, which led the league at the time of his benching. On February 28, 2018, the Bears' general manager Ryan Pace announced that Glennon would be released at the start of the new league year. He was officially released on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12977927", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Chicago Bears season\"\nwith a shoulder injury and was replaced by Brock Osweiler. Osweiler won both of his career starts against the Bears with the Denver Broncos and Houston Texans in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The Dolphins were also playing sans defensive end Cameron Wake; with Miller and Amukamara returning from their injuries, Lorin Cox described the game as having \"\"the potential to go quite poorly for Miami.\"\" Cohen, Trevathan, and Bellamy were the team captains. After two drives that ended with punts, the Dolphins capitalized on two Bears penalties as Osweiler threw a five-yard touchdown pass to Nick O'Leary. The Bears' next", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4550671", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\ngoal. While the Bears punted on their first drive, Kyle Fuller recorded his first interception since 2015 when he yanked the ball from Louis Murphy's hands, which set up Mitchell Trubisky's eight-yard touchdown pass to Dontrelle Inman. Gould added a 28-yard field goal in the second quarter to narrow the gap to one point, but Tarik Cohen responded with a 61-yard punt return touchdown; after catching the punt at his 39-yard line, Cohen ran back to his 24, moved to his right, then ran forward for the touchdown. With 24 seconds left in the first half, Gould kicked his third", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6836336", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Chicago Bears season\"\nto Hayden Hurst. In the fourth quarter, Cody Parkey kicked a 22-yard field goal, followed by Bray completing a ten-yard touchdown to Tanner Gentry. The Bears attempted a two-point conversion, but failed to score and ultimately lost by one point. With the exception of certain players like Allen Robinson, Taylor Gabriel, and Jordan Howard, Chicago's first-string offense made its preseason debut against the Cincinnati Bengals. Starting quarterback Mitchell Trubisky was present for just eight plays. Defensively, despite a Kyle Fuller interception returned for touchdown and Taquan Mizzell's one-yard touchdown run, the unit also allowed two touchdowns. After being down 23–14", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929968", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nin a stretcher. A series later, Glennon had his fourth turnover of the game when his pass was intercepted by Kentrell Brice, which led to an eight-yard touchdown pass to Nelson. With 6:01 left in the game, Howard scored on a three-yard run to make the final score 35–14. With the loss, the Bears trailed the all-time series for the first time since 1933. Although the Bears had built a strong lead for much of the rivalry, Packers quarterbacks Brett Favre and Rodgers had beaten the Bears 35 of 45 times; Rodgers had won 16 of 20 meetings. Trevathan apologized", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4345785", "chunk_text": "\"Mitchell Trubisky\"\nwho expressed an interest in working with Trubisky after the two met prior to the 2017 draft. General manager Ryan Pace made it an off-season priority to build the Bears' offense around Trubisky, the team signed Allen Robinson, Taylor Gabriel and Trey Burton over the 2018 off-season. Despite Trubisky having a slow start to the 2018 regular season in which he threw just two touchdown passes in first three games, the Bears managed a 2–1 start through the first three weeks. In Week 4 against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, he played one of the greatest games for a Bears quarterback", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20930024", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nhalf, Trubisky scored on a four-yard touchdown run. On the ensuing drive, Dalton's pass to A. J. Green was deflected and intercepted by Eddie Jackson, which resulted in Trubisky's one-yard touchdown pass to Adam Shaheen. Jackson forced another takeaway when he pulled the ball away from Green's hands and recovered; Chicago once again capitalized via Howard's eight-yard touchdown run to put the Bears up 33–7. Neither team was able to score for the rest of the game. The 26-point victory marked the largest blowout for the Bears since a 51–20 win over the Tennessee Titans in 2012. It was also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12977961", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Chicago Bears season\"\nWith Daniel leading the offense again, Stankevitz stressed the importance of avoiding turnovers, especially as the Giants averaged 30.8 points per game in those that they record at least two takeaways, compared to just 16 points if they do not. Chicago's defense was challenged by Giants receiver Odell Beckham Jr., who Vic Fangio remarked could only be contained by \"\"going to mass on Saturday night\"\", and running back Saquon Barkley, who Fangio described required all eleven players to stop. Nevertheless, quarterback Eli Manning struggled when pressured, being sacked 38 times and throwing four interceptions under such circumstances. Stankevitz added for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13229016", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Chicago Bears season\"\nAlso on March 31, a fourth Bronco was signed in defensive back and return specialist Omar Bolden. On April 30, the Bears agreed to sign former Texans quarterback Brian Hoyer. On June 2, the team signed former Carolina Panthers offensive tackle Nate Chandler. Two weeks later, Kansas City Chiefs tight end Tony Moeaki and Minnesota Vikings defensive lineman Marquis Jackson were signed. On July 3, Cleveland Browns quarterback Connor Shaw was claimed by the Bears off waivers. On July 20, the Bears signed former Carolina Panthers offensive lineman Amini Silatolu. On July 27, the Bears signed defensive back Brandon Boykin", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929947", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\non nine consecutive plays, with three straight drives ending with punts. By the end of the game, he attempted only four passes, completing two for ten yards. The game was scoreless until late in the first half, when Cleveland's Cody Kessler threw a 27-yard touchdown pass to Rannell Hall. In the second half, the Browns scored 18 unanswered points: Zane Gonzalez kicked a 53-yard field goal, Calvin Pryor and Karter Schult sacked Shaw in the end zone for a safety, and Kevin Hogan threw 51- and 21-yard touchdown passes to Randall Telfer and Jordan Leslie, respectively. Trubisky returned to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929984", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nten-game losing streak. The Bears' rushing attack resulted in a career high 167 rushing yards on 36 carries for Howard, while Cohen had 14 carries for 32 yards. Trubisky threw just 16 passes, completing eight for 113 yards and a touchdown. John Fox explained the Ravens were the reason for the run-based strategy, having used the same philosophy with the 2012 Denver Broncos; in that team's game against Baltimore, the Broncos ran 44 times against just 21 passing plays despite the presence of Peyton Manning. Chicago hosted the Carolina Panthers, who trailed the all-time series 5–4, in week seven. With", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13229079", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Chicago Bears season\"\nYork's players after catches; Odell Beckham Jr. had 281 yards after catches, sixth-most among receivers, while the Giants as a whole was ranked sixth in the category. However, the Giants struggled with turnovers, allowing 18 (including ten by quarterback Eli Manning's interceptions), which ranked 27th in the league. Joniak stated the Bears needed \"\"to find the players who are willing to fight, scratch and crawl their way out of the hole they're in.\"\" On the opening drive, Jay Cutler threw a 19-yard touchdown pass to Zach Miller, but in windy conditions, Connor Barth missed the extra point wide right. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9126338", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Chicago Bears season\"\nsix, their first game since a 41–3 Bears victory in 2012 and the first in Chicago since the Bears won 23–10 in 2008. In six games, the Bears led the series 4–2. Jeff Joniak wrote the offense should employ a run-based attack with Jordan Howard, interspersed with short passes by Brian Hoyer. The Bears led the league in passes of at least four yards and rushes of at least six yards on first down. Defensively, the Bears needed to disrupt quarterback Blake Bortles' rhythm; when his consistency is broken, he is prone to throwing interceptions. To do so, Joniak stated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929976", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\nended with punts. With 2:32 remaining in the game and pinned at his team's ten-yard line, Trubisky's pass for Miller was intercepted by Harrison Smith, which set up Forbath's game-winning 26-yard field goal with 12 seconds to go. On the final play of the game, Trubisky passed to Markus Wheaton, who lateraled to Cohen before he was tackled to end the game. In his debut, Trubisky completed 12 of 25 passes for 128 yards, one touchdown, one interception, and a 60.1 passer rating. He also had three rushing attempts for 22 yards. John Fox reflected on Trubisky's first game by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20929966", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Chicago Bears season\"\ntouchdown pass to Davante Adams. On the Bears' first offensive play, Glennon was sacked by Clay Matthews III and fumbled, with Green Bay's Jake Ryan recovering the ball. Another Packers score took place three plays later on Rodgers' two-yard throw to Randall Cobb. Chicago's woes continued when Cody Whitehair's snap bounced off Glennon and was recovered by Blake Martinez. Unlike the previous drive, the Packers were unable to score off the takeaway and were forced to punt. The next four series of the game also ended with punts. On Chicago's next possession, Glennon's pass for Markus Wheaton was intercepted by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3316	where are they playing the superbowl at this year?	n/a	[ "Minneapolis, Minnesota" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16032894", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LII\"\nSuper Bowl LII Super Bowl LII was an American football game played to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2017 season. The National Football Conference (NFC) champion Philadelphia Eagles defeated the American Football Conference (AFC) and defending Super Bowl LI champion New England Patriots, 41–33, to win their first Super Bowl and their first NFL title since 1960. The game was played on February 4, 2018, at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. This was the second time that a Super Bowl was played in Minneapolis, the northernmost city to ever host the event, after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17075384", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LIII\"\nthat the American pop rock band, Maroon 5, will headline the game's halftime show, though neither the NFL nor Maroon 5 have confirmed the reports. Super Bowl LIII Super Bowl LIII, the 53rd Super Bowl and the 49th modern-era National Football League (NFL) championship game, will decide the league champion for the 2018 NFL season. The game is scheduled to be played on February 3, 2019, at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. This will be the third Super Bowl in Atlanta, having previously hosted Super Bowl XXVIII in 1994 and Super Bowl XXXIV in 2000 at the Georgia Dome. On", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4528885", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LIII\"\nSuper Bowl LIII Super Bowl LIII, the 53rd Super Bowl and the 49th modern-era National Football League (NFL) championship game, will decide the league champion for the 2018 NFL season. The game is scheduled to be played on February 3, 2019, at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. This will be the third Super Bowl in Atlanta, having previously hosted Super Bowl XXVIII in 1994 and Super Bowl XXXIV in 2000 at the Georgia Dome. On May 19, 2015, the league announced the four finalists that will compete to host Super Bowl LIII in 2019, LIV in 2020, and LV in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4776945", "chunk_text": "\"NFL Kickoff Game\"\nof Super Bowl 50) retired and Brock Osweiler left as a free agent. 2017: The defending Super Bowl LI champions, the New England Patriots, hosted the Kansas City Chiefs for the 2017 Kickoff Game at Gillette Stadium. Goodell visited Gillette Stadium for the Kickoff Game, having been absent from the venue since the 2014 season. 2018: The defending Super Bowl LII champions, the Philadelphia Eagles hosted the Atlanta Falcons for the 2018 Kickoff Game at Lincoln Financial Field, in a rematch of their 2017 Divisional Playoff Game. \"\"Winning team labeled in bold.\"\" <nowiki>*</nowiki> – Game was not yet hosted by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5669816", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NFL season\"\nwith the Wild Card playoff round. The four winners of these playoff games visited the top two seeded teams in each conference in the Divisional round games played on the weekend of January 13–14, 2018. The winners of those games advanced the Conference championship games was held on January 21, 2018. The two Conference champions advanced to Super Bowl LII was held on February 4, 2018 at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis. The 2018 Pro Bowl was held at Camping World Stadium in Orlando on January 28, 2018. During a September 22, 2017 speech, the President of the United States,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17465229", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 NFL playoffs\"\n2017–18 NFL playoffs The 2017–18 NFL playoffs began on January 6, 2018, after the 2017 season, and concluded with Super Bowl LII on Sunday, February 4, 2018, when the Philadelphia Eagles defeated the New England Patriots at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. These playoffs were notable for several teams snapping long playoff droughts, as the Buffalo Bills, Los Angeles Rams, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Tennessee Titans each qualified for the playoffs for the first time since 1999, 2004, 2007, and 2008, respectively. The playoffs were also notable for the Patriots reaching a seventh consecutive AFC Championship Game, extending their own", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20153727", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LVI\"\nSuper Bowl LVI Super Bowl LVI, the 56th Super Bowl and the 52nd modern-era National Football League (NFL) championship game, will decide the league champion for the 2021 season. The game is scheduled to be played on February 6, 2022 at Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park in Inglewood, California (with the exact date pending potential changes to the NFL calendar). It will be the eighth Super Bowl hosted by the Greater Los Angeles Area, with the last one being Super Bowl XXVII in 1993, held at the Rose Bowl, and the first in the City of Inglewood. The game", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11703567", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LV\"\nSuper Bowl LV Super Bowl LV, the 55th Super Bowl and the 51st modern-era National Football League (NFL) championship game, will decide the league champion for the 2020 season. The game is scheduled to be played on February 7, 2021 in Tampa, Florida (with the exact date pending potential changes to the NFL calendar). This will be the fifth Super Bowl hosted by the Tampa area, with the last one being Super Bowl XLIII in 2009, and the third one held at Raymond James Stadium. The game will be televised nationally by NBC. It will be the third time that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19495098", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LI\"\nSuper Bowl LI Super Bowl LI was an American football game played at NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas, on February 5, 2017, to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2016 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots, after trailing by as many as 25 points (28–3) during the third quarter, defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Atlanta Falcons, 34–28 in overtime. The Patriots' 25-point comeback is the largest comeback in Super Bowl history, and Super Bowl LI was the first final to be decided in overtime. The Patriots' victory was their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13860191", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NFL season\"\nthe weekend of January 12–13. The winners of those games will advance to the Conference Championship games on January 20. (In the event that both Los Angeles teams advance to their respective conference championships with both as the home team, one of the two games will be postponed to the evening of January 21.) The 2019 Pro Bowl will be held at Camping World Stadium in Orlando, Florida on January 27 and will be broadcast on ESPN and ABC. Super Bowl LIII will be held on February 3 at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, on CBS. Note:\"\" Scenarios involving ties are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17075385", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LIV\"\nSuper Bowl LIV Super Bowl LIV, the 54th Super Bowl and the 50th modern-era National Football League (NFL) championship game, will decide the league champion for the league's centennial 2019 season. The game is scheduled to be played on February 2, 2020 in Miami Gardens, Florida (with the exact date pending potential changes to the NFL calendar). This will be the 11th Super Bowl hosted by the South Florida region and the sixth Super Bowl hosted in Miami Gardens, with the last one being Super Bowl XLIV ten years earlier. The game will be televised nationally by Fox. On May", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18406739", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LVIII\"\nSuper Bowl LVIII Super Bowl LVIII, the 58th Super Bowl and the 54th modern-era National Football League (NFL) championship game, will decide the league champion for the 2023 NFL season. The game is scheduled to be played on February 4, 2024 at Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana (with the exact date pending potential changes to the NFL calendar). It will be the eleventh Super Bowl hosted by New Orleans, with the last one being Super Bowl XLVII in 2013 eleven years earlier, also held at the Superdome. Super Bowl LVIII, along with Super Bowl LVII, was part of a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13876982", "chunk_text": "\"U.S. Bank Stadium\"\ngame, on January 14, 2018, as the Vikings hosted the New Orleans Saints. The Vikings won the game 29-24 on a last second 61-yard catch by wide receiver Stefon Diggs, in a play that became known as the Minneapolis Miracle. The Vikings then advanced to the NFC Championship game against the Philadelphia Eagles in Philadelphia’s Lincoln Financial Field, where the Vikings lost 38-7, costing the Vikings the chance to become the first NFL team to play a Super Bowl in its own home stadium. Super Bowl LII was played at the stadium on February 4, 2018 between the Philadelphia Eagles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17465299", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 NFL playoffs\"\nAFC playoff games. Coverage of the NFC Wild Card and Divisional rounds was split between Fox and NBC, with each network having coverage of one game in each of those two rounds. CBS had exclusive coverage of the AFC Championship Game. Fox had exclusive coverage of the NFC Championship Game. NBC had exclusive coverage of Super Bowl LII. 2017–18 NFL playoffs The 2017–18 NFL playoffs began on January 6, 2018, after the 2017 season, and concluded with Super Bowl LII on Sunday, February 4, 2018, when the Philadelphia Eagles defeated the New England Patriots at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20984773", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LI\"\nthe third quarter, the Falcons' chances of winning were estimated at 99.8%. Sources: The Football Database Super Bowl LI Completions/attempts<br>Carries<br>Long gain<br>Receptions<br>Times targeted Super Bowl LI had eight officials. The numbers in parentheses below indicate their uniform numbers. Super Bowl LI Super Bowl LI was an American football game played at NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas, on February 5, 2017, to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2016 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots, after trailing by as many as 25 points (28–3) during the third quarter, defeated the National Football Conference", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13860182", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NFL season\"\n2018 NFL season The 2018 NFL season is the 99th season of the National Football League (NFL). The season began on September 6, 2018, with the NFL Kickoff Game with the defending Super Bowl LII champion Philadelphia Eagles defeating the Atlanta Falcons 18–12. The season will conclude with Super Bowl LIII, the league's championship game, on February 3, 2019, at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. The 2018 NFL League year and trading period began on March 14. On March 9, clubs were allowed to exercise options for 2018 on players who have option clauses in their contracts, submit qualifying offers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20187813", "chunk_text": "\"2019 NFL season\"\n2019 NFL season The 2019 NFL season will be the 100th season of the National Football League. (NFL) The season will tentatively begin on September 5, 2019 in the home team of the Super Bowl LIII champion. The season will conclude with Super Bowl LIV, the league's championship game, tentatively scheduled for February 2, 2020 at Hard Rock Stadium in Miami, Florida. The 2019 NFL Draft will be held from April 25–27 in Nashville, Tennessee. Training Camps for the 2019 season will be held in late July through August. Teams will start training camp no earlier than 15 days before", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4528888", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LIII\"\nThe NFL unveiled the official logo for Super Bowl LIII in February 2018; it is a navy blue-tinted version of the design introduced at Super Bowl LI, and the overall branding of the game will feature use of blue and red. The host committee logo features a stylized overhead rendition of Mercedes-Benz Stadium's roof. Pre-game events and entertainment will be centered around Downtown Atlanta, with State Farm Arena to host Super Bowl Opening Night, the Georgia World Congress Center hosting the Super Bowl Experience, and Super Bowl Live at Centennial Olympic Park. State Farm Arena will also host the inaugural", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9389540", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LV\"\nStadium at Hollywood Park would not be completed until the start of the 2020 NFL season. As a result, on May 23, 2017, NFL owners voted to move Super Bowl LV to Tampa. The City of Inglewood will instead be hosting Super Bowl LVI in 2022. NBC will broadcast Super Bowl LV , as part of an annual cycle between the three main broadcast television partners of the NFL. As with NBC's previous Super Bowl (Super Bowl LII) Universo has carried Spanish-language simulcasts of select games, after years of aborted attempts to simulcast the games on Telemundo Super Bowl LV", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18406741", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LVIII\"\ncontract, the game will be televised by NBC. Super Bowl LVIII Super Bowl LVIII, the 58th Super Bowl and the 54th modern-era National Football League (NFL) championship game, will decide the league champion for the 2023 NFL season. The game is scheduled to be played on February 4, 2024 at Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana (with the exact date pending potential changes to the NFL calendar). It will be the eleventh Super Bowl hosted by New Orleans, with the last one being Super Bowl XLVII in 2013 eleven years earlier, also held at the Superdome. Super Bowl LVIII, along", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17075389", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LIV\"\nat Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. On May 24, 2016, Atlanta was chosen to host Super Bowl LIII, thereby making it ineligible to host Super Bowl LIV. Meanwhile, Los Angeles removed itself from the running for Super Bowl LIV; it was awarded rights to Super Bowl LV shortly thereafter. However, a year later, on May 23, 2017, NFL owners opted to instead award Super Bowl LV to Tampa and give Super Bowl LVI to Los Angeles after it was announced that Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park would open in 2020 due to construction delays. The two remaining finalists for Super", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "751311", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LVI\"\nSuper Bowl LIV, and Los Angeles (who declined to bid on Super Bowl LIV and was not eligible for Super Bowl LIII) was granted Super Bowl LV. On May 18, 2017, authorities announced that the stadium opening, originally scheduled for the start of the 2019 season, had been delayed an additional year to 2020. At the league's owners meetings in Chicago on May 23, 2017, the league re-awarded Super Bowl LV to the lone remaining candidate, Tampa Bay, and awarded Super Bowl LVI to Los Angeles. Super Bowl LVI will be broadcast by CBS, as part of the annual cycle", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20153728", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LVI\"\nwill be televised nationally by CBS. With Super Bowl LVI scheduled to be held on February 6, 2022, the game overlaps with the 2022 Winter Olympics, which will be held in Beijing, China. In contrast to previous Super Bowl bidding processes, no bids were accepted for Super Bowl LVI. The bids for Super Bowl LIII, Super Bowl LIV and Super Bowl LV were all drawn from the same pool of candidates in a meeting on May 24, 2016. Atlanta, Miami, Los Angeles, and Tampa Bay were the four candidates for the three contests; Atlanta received Super Bowl LIII, Miami received", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9389538", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LV\"\nthe Super Bowl is in the same state in back to back years with Super Bowl LIV taking place at Hard Rock Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida. On May 19, 2015, the league announced the five finalists that will compete to host Super Bowl LIII in 2019 and Super Bowl LIV in 2020. NFL owners voted on these cities in May 2016, with the first round of voting determining who will host Super Bowl LIII, the second round deciding the site for Super Bowl LIV; and in a development not known in advance, a third round of voting was added", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17075387", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LIV\"\nrelocation window in January 2016, selecting the former St. Louis Rams to return to Los Angeles; their new stadium in Inglewood, California was, at the time of the vote, not scheduled to open until August 2019 (it began construction in December 2016, giving nearly three years to construct the stadium). This meant that the new stadium was scheduled to be open in time for the game (and the league selected the relocating team just in time to be considered for Super Bowl LIV), but, under the current construction timetable, would require a waiver of league policy to host Super Bowl", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10704056", "chunk_text": "\"NFL Experience\"\nrenamed the Super Bowl Experience, and was held at the Minneapolis Convention Center. On November 30, 2017, the NFL opened a new, permanent version of the concept, NFL Experience Times Square, within four ground-level floors of 20 Times Square in New York City. The 40,000 square-foot attraction is a collaboration with Cirque du Soleil Entertainment Group, and features various interactive activities and multimedia experiences, including a 4D film, a simulated locker room and practice area, displays of memorabilia, and a bar and restaurant that would feature a rotation of menu selections from NFL stadiums. In February 2018, it was announced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6891247", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LII halftime show\"\nSuper Bowl LII halftime show The Super Bowl LII Halftime Show (officially known as the Pepsi Super Bowl LII Halftime Show) took place on February 4, 2018 at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota, as part of Super Bowl LII. Justin Timberlake was the featured performer, as confirmed by the National Football League (NFL) on October 22, 2017. It was televised nationally by NBC. It received four nominations at the 70th Primetime Emmy Awards. The show began with Jimmy Fallon introducing Justin Timberlake, followed by a video screen depicting Timberlake performing \"\"Filthy\"\" in a club setting below the field level", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7434879", "chunk_text": "\"2016 NFL season\"\nfour winners of these playoff games visited the top two seeded teams in each conference in the Divisional round games, which were played on the weekend of January 14–15, 2017. The winners of those games advanced to the Conference championship games, which will be held on January 22, 2017. The 2017 Pro Bowl was held at the recently renovated Camping World Stadium (the former Citrus Bowl stadium) in Orlando, Florida on January 29, 2017 and aired on ESPN. Super Bowl LI was held on February 5, 2017 at NRG Stadium in Houston on Fox. On April 25, 2016, the 2nd", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13116690", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LVII\"\nSuper Bowl LVII Super Bowl LVII, the 57th Super Bowl and the 53rd modern-era National Football League (NFL) championship game, will decide the league champion for the 2022 NFL season. The game is scheduled to be played on February 5, 2023 at State Farm Stadium in Glendale, Arizona (with the exact date pending potential changes to the NFL calendar). It will be the fourth Super Bowl hosted by the Phoenix metropolitan area, with the last one being Super Bowl XLIX in 2015, also held at State Farm Stadium (then University of Phoenix Stadium). The game will be televised nationally by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2861877", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl Sunday (This Is Us)\"\nthe end of the second season and asked for the slot upon knowing NBC would air the Super Bowl. The fire sequence was filmed in December 2017 in Newhall Ranch, California. The episode was edited moments before airing to integrate footage of the Super Bowl LII, including the pregame show and the actual game featuring the Philadelphia Eagles against the New England Patriots. \"\"Super Bowl Sunday\"\" was originally broadcast on Sunday, February 4, 2018, in the United States on NBC. The episode was watched in the United States by a total of 26.97 million people. It is the most-watched entertainment", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7454572", "chunk_text": "\"FirstEnergy Stadium\"\nother being Mercedes-Benz Stadium, which opened in 2017 and is scheduled to host Super Bowl LIII in February 2019. The Browns are one of five teams who have yet to host a home playoff game in their respective stadium, along with the Atlanta Falcons, San Francisco 49ers, Detroit Lions, and New York Jets. The latter three teams, however, have hosted the Super Bowl at their respective stadiums, while the Jets' home, MetLife Stadium, has also hosted a New York Giants home playoff game. The stadium was designed by Populous, which was known at the time as the Sport Venue Event", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4528887", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LIII\"\nevent conflicts in 2020 and 2021, were then pitted against Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park in Inglewood, California for Super Bowl LIV and Super Bowl LV hosting rights. Miami eventually won the rights to host Super Bowl LIV, and Los Angeles won the rights to host Super Bowl LV. However, on May 23, 2017, NFL owners opted to award Super Bowl LV to Tampa and give Super Bowl LVI to Los Angeles after it was announced that Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park would open in 2020 due to construction delays. New Orleans would be awarded Super Bowl LVIII.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16774854", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LII halftime show\"\nin line with that of the game as a whole, which had lost 7% compared to the previous year. According to initial sales reports from Nielsen Music, sales of the songs Timberlake performed during the halftime show gained 534% in the United States on February 4, the day of the Super Bowl, compared to Feb. 3, while his streams on Spotify gained 214%. Super Bowl LII halftime show The Super Bowl LII Halftime Show (officially known as the Pepsi Super Bowl LII Halftime Show) took place on February 4, 2018 at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota, as part of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3125475", "chunk_text": "\"U.S. Bank Stadium\"\nin the NFL since Ford Field in Detroit, which opened in 2002. As of March 2015, the overall budget was estimated to be $1.061 billion, with $348 million from the state of Minnesota, $150 million from the city of Minneapolis, and $551 million from the team and private contributions. U.S. Bank Stadium hosted Super Bowl LII on February 4, 2018, the ESPN X Games on July 19–22, 2018, and is expected to host the 2019 NCAA Final Four, and the 2020 NCAA Division I Wrestling Championships. While the Vikings' owners wanted an outdoor stadium, the state and local governments would", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5542671", "chunk_text": "\"Raymond James Stadium\"\nRaymond James Stadium Raymond James Stadium, also known as \"\"Ray Jay\"\", is a multi-purpose football stadium located in Tampa, Florida. It is home to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL) as well as the NCAA's South Florida Bulls football team. The stadium seats 65,618. With the addition of temporary seating, it can be expanded to 75,000 for special events. Raymond James Stadium hosted Super Bowls XXXV and XLIII, as well as the 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship. It is also set to host Super Bowl LV in February 2021. Raymond James Stadium was built to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4021346", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LIII halftime show\"\nSuper Bowl LIII halftime show The Super Bowl LIII Halftime Show (officially known as the Pepsi Super Bowl LIII Halftime Show) will take place on Sunday February 3, 2019 at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. \"\"The New York Times\"\", \"\"Rolling Stone\"\", and \"\"Billboard\"\" reported that U.S. pop band Maroon 5 was set to headline the show (with Cardi B and Travis Scott as guests); the NFL has not yet officially announced the performer. In October 2018, it was reported that Rihanna had declined an offer to perform, due to her support of Colin Kaepernick. On November 27, a petition was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12177177", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NFL season\"\n2017 NFL season The 2017 NFL season was the 98th season in the history of the National Football League (NFL). The season began on September 7, 2017, with the Kansas City Chiefs defeating the defending Super Bowl LI champion New England Patriots 42–27 in the NFL Kickoff Game. The season concluded with Super Bowl LII, where the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Philadelphia Eagles faced the American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots. The Philadelphia Eagles defeated the New England Patriots 41–33 to win their first title in franchise history. It was also a rematch of Super Bowl XXXIX,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14354103", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NFL season\"\nthe Los Angeles Rams as tenants in their new stadium, Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park in Inglewood, California when that stadium is complete in 2020. For the time being, the Chargers are playing at the 30,000 seat StubHub Center in Carson, California, the smallest venue (in terms of number of seats) the league has used for a full season since 1956. On January 19, 2017, the Oakland Raiders filed paperwork to relocate to Las Vegas, Nevada. The NFL officially approved the Raiders relocation to Las Vegas on March 27. Unlike the Chargers, the Raiders will remain at the Oakland–Alameda", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8767186", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl\"\nfranchise outside of the Super Bowl. No team has ever played the Super Bowl in its home stadium. The closest any team has come was the 2017 Minnesota Vikings, who were within one win of playing Super Bowl LII in U.S. Bank Stadium, but lost the NFC Championship game to the Philadelphia Eagles. Two teams have played the Super Bowl in their home market: the San Francisco 49ers, who played Super Bowl XIX in Stanford Stadium instead of Candlestick Park; and the Los Angeles Rams, who played Super Bowl XIV in the Rose Bowl instead of the Los Angeles Memorial", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17075390", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LIV\"\nBowl LIV were as follows: Miami was selected as the host site at the NFL owners meeting on May 24, 2016. This is the first time the state of Florida will host back to back Super Bowls since Super Bowl XLIII in 2009 in Tampa and Super Bowl XLIV in 2010 in Miami Gardens. Super Bowl LIV Super Bowl LIV, the 54th Super Bowl and the 50th modern-era National Football League (NFL) championship game, will decide the league champion for the league's centennial 2019 season. The game is scheduled to be played on February 2, 2020 in Miami Gardens, Florida", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16774790", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LI halftime show\"\nof the stage, shouted \"\"Super Bowl 51\"\", dropped her microphone, and jumped off the stage catching a football. Around August 2016 media began reporting that singer Adele was in discussions with the National Football League (NFL) to perform at the Super Bowl LI halftime show, on February 5, 2017, at Houston's NRG Stadium. Pepsi Zero Sugar sponsored the show. A representative from the NFL said that \"\"organisers are doing absolutely everything they can to try to persuade her to sign up\"\". During her Adele Live 2016 concert tour at Los Angeles, Adele clarified that although she had been asked to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8253361", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 NFL playoffs\"\n2018–19 NFL playoffs The 2018–19 NFL playoffs will begin on January 5, 2019, after the 2018 season, and conclude with Super Bowl LIII on Sunday, February 3, 2019 at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. Source: All playoff games will be broadcast nationally on network television. ABC and ESPN will simulcast 1 NFC Wild Card game, while CBS And NBC will broadcast two AFC playoff games and CBS having the rest of the AFC Playoffs. Coverage of the NFC Playoffs wil be seen on Fox with the Network having coverage of the other NFC Playoff Games. CBS has exclusive coverage of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8208053", "chunk_text": "\"2016 NFL season\"\n2016 NFL season The 2016 NFL season was the 97th season in the history of the National Football League (NFL). The season began on September 8, 2016, with the defending Super Bowl 50 champion Denver Broncos defeating the Carolina Panthers 21–20 in the NFL Kickoff Game. The season concluded with Super Bowl LI, the league's championship game on February 5, 2017, at NRG Stadium in Houston with the New England Patriots defeating the Atlanta Falcons 34–28 in overtime. For the first time since the Houston Oilers relocated to Tennessee in , an NFL team relocated to another state, as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13047981", "chunk_text": "\"NFL Experience\"\nthe NFL organized an outdoor festival, Super Bowl Boulevard, along Broadway and Times Square, which featured a similar array of fan-oriented events and attractions (such as an artificial toboggan hill). The 2015 NFL Experience was hosted at the Phoenix Convention Center. The 2016 NFL Experience was hosted at the Moscone Center in San Francisco. The 2017 NFL Experience was hosted at George R. Brown Convention Center in Houston. The Houston Super Bowl Host Committee also hosted its own outdoor festival, \"\"Super Bowl Live\"\", in the adjacent Discovery Green park, which featured entertainment events. For Super Bowl LII, the event was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20930150", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Minnesota Vikings season\"\nBowl due to injury, replaced by Thomas Davis and Michael Bennett respectively. Source: Minnesota Vikings' official website Source: NFL.com. 2017 Minnesota Vikings season The 2017 season was the Minnesota Vikings' 57th in the National Football League, and their fourth under head coach Mike Zimmer. With the team's home stadium, U.S. Bank Stadium, scheduled to host Super Bowl LII at the end of the season, the Vikings attempted to make history as the first team to play the Super Bowl on their home field; in recording their best regular season record since 1998, they clinched a first-round bye for the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13116692", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LVII\"\nof the annual cycle between the three main broadcast television partners of the NFL. It is the last game in the league's current television contracts. Super Bowl LVII Super Bowl LVII, the 57th Super Bowl and the 53rd modern-era National Football League (NFL) championship game, will decide the league champion for the 2022 NFL season. The game is scheduled to be played on February 5, 2023 at State Farm Stadium in Glendale, Arizona (with the exact date pending potential changes to the NFL calendar). It will be the fourth Super Bowl hosted by the Phoenix metropolitan area, with the last", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8253362", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 NFL playoffs\"\nthe AFC Championship Game. Fox has exclusive coverage of the NFC Championship Game. CBS will have exclusive coverage of Super Bowl LIII. 2018–19 NFL playoffs The 2018–19 NFL playoffs will begin on January 5, 2019, after the 2018 season, and conclude with Super Bowl LIII on Sunday, February 3, 2019 at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia. Source: All playoff games will be broadcast nationally on network television. ABC and ESPN will simulcast 1 NFC Wild Card game, while CBS And NBC will broadcast two AFC playoff games and CBS having the rest of the AFC Playoffs. Coverage of the NFC", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18889547", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Pro Bowl\"\n2018 Pro Bowl The 2018 Pro Bowl was the National Football League's all-star game for the 2017 season, which was played at Camping World Stadium in Orlando, Florida on January 28, 2018. For the first time since 2008, the game started during afternoon hours instead of primetime hours for U.S. Mainland viewers with a 3:00 PM ET start. It marked the second year the game was played in Orlando. It was televised nationally by ESPN and simulcasted on ABC. The roster was announced on December 19 on NFL Network. The AFC team won the game 24–23, the second straight year", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13669947", "chunk_text": "\"Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park\"\nprojected for August 2020, it will mark the return of major professional sports to Inglewood for the first time since the Los Angeles Lakers and Los Angeles Kings left The Forum for Staples Center in May 1999. The stadium will host Super Bowl LVI in 2022. It was initially to host Super Bowl LV in 2021, but construction delays mentioned above have pushed back the Super Bowl hosting duties by one year (NFL owners voted to move Super Bowl LV to Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida). On November 1, 2017, it was announced that the stadium will host the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17075383", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LIII\"\n\"\"Bud Light Super Bowl Music Fest\"\", a three-night concert series that will be headlined by Ludacris and Migos (night 1), Aerosmith (night 2), and Bruno Mars and Cardi B (night 3). The NFL will officially launch its centennial commemorations at Super Bowl LIII, ahead of its 100th season later in the year. CBS will broadcast Super Bowl LIII, as part of an annual cycle between the three main broadcast television partners of the NFL. As with CBS's previous Super Bowl (Super Bowl 50), ESPN Deportes will air a Spanish-language broadcast of the game. On September 19, 2018, it was reported", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3317	who has won the 2018 formula one australia grand prix tournament?	n/a	[ "Ferrari driver Sebastian Vettel", "Sebastian Vettel" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2441807", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Australian Grand Prix\"\nAlonso resisted the pressure from Verstappen while holding on to fifth place. Vettel took the chequered flag to win the Australian Grand Prix for the second consecutive year, followed by Hamilton and Räikkönen rounding the podium. Ricciardo, Alonso, Verstappen, Hülkenberg, Bottas, Vandoorne and Sainz in that order completed the top ten, with Renault scoring their first double-points-finish since the 2011 Turkish Grand Prix. Ricciardo's 4th placed finish marked his joint best finish at Albert Park, but also the joint best finish for an Australian at the Australian Grand Prix, equalling his 2016 result, and Mark Webber's 4th place in 2012.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19711210", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Formula One World Championship\"\nto the high level of blistering experienced by Mercedes at the re-surfaced Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya in pre-season testing. The championship started in Melbourne with the Australian Grand Prix. The race ended with a victory for Ferrari and Sebastian Vettel, who used a timely virtual safety car period – triggered by the stricken Haas of Romain Grosjean – to pass Mercedes's Lewis Hamilton, after which Vettel successfully defended his position until the finish. Kimi Räikkönen finished third in the other Ferrari ahead of Red Bull Racing's Daniel Ricciardo. McLaren ended the first race of their partnership with Renault with a fifth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19742461", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Australian Grand Prix\"\nGrand Prix Circuit. The reigning World Champion Nico Rosberg was the winner of the 2016 race, but he did not defend his win as he retired from the sport after the 2016 season. Mercedes driver Lewis Hamilton started the race from pole, matching Ayrton Senna's record of six pole positions in Australia. Sebastian Vettel won the race, which was his and Ferrari's first win since the 2015 Singapore Grand Prix. Hamilton finished second, with Valtteri Bottas completing the podium in third on his début for Mercedes. The race was also Ferrari's first win at the track since the 2007 edition.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2441802", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Australian Grand Prix\"\nVettel was the defending race winner. Lewis Hamilton started the race from pole—his seventh pole position in Australia, a record for the event—while Vettel successfully defended his race win, the forty-eighth of his career. The race marked the competitive début of the \"\"halo\"\" cockpit protection device after eighteen months of rigorous testing. Tyre supplier Pirelli provided teams with the soft, supersoft and ultrasoft compounds. In the week before the Grand Prix, race officials confirmed the inclusion of a third drag reduction system (DRS) zone. The detection point for the third zone was positioned on the approach to the Turn 11-12", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2441808", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Australian Grand Prix\"\n2018 Australian Grand Prix The 2018 Australian Grand Prix (formally known as the Formula 1 2018 Rolex Australian Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race held on 25 March 2018 in Melbourne, Victoria. The race was contested over fifty-eight laps of the Melbourne Grand Prix Circuit and was the first round of the 2018 FIA Formula One World Championship. The race marked the eighty-second race in the combined history of the Australian Grand Prix—which dates back to the 100 Miles Road Race of 1928—and the twenty-third time the event was held at the Albert Park circuit. Ferrari driver Sebastian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2441801", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Australian Grand Prix\"\n2018 Australian Grand Prix The 2018 Australian Grand Prix (formally known as the Formula 1 2018 Rolex Australian Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race held on 25 March 2018 in Melbourne, Victoria. The race was contested over fifty-eight laps of the Melbourne Grand Prix Circuit and was the first round of the 2018 FIA Formula One World Championship. The race marked the eighty-second race in the combined history of the Australian Grand Prix—which dates back to the 100 Miles Road Race of 1928—and the twenty-third time the event was held at the Albert Park circuit. Ferrari driver Sebastian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2441803", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Australian Grand Prix\"\nchicane with the activation point on the exit to Turn 12. The existing DRS zones were unchanged from previous years, with one positioned on the main straight and the second on the straight between Turns 2 and 3. In his first run in the third part of qualifying Valtteri Bottas crashed and damaged his gearbox. As a result he received a five place grid penalty and started fifteenth. Lewis Hamilton qualified on pole, Kimi Räikkönen qualified second, Sebastian Vettel qualified third. Ricciardo qualified fifth but started eighth. Verstappen, Magnussen, Grosjean started fourth, fifth and sixth. Hülkenberg started seventh, while Sainz", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17154170", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Formula One World Championship\"\n2018 Formula One World Championship The 2018 FIA Formula One World Championship was the motor racing championship for Formula One cars and the 69th running of the Formula One World Championship. Formula One is recognised by the governing body of international motorsport, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), as the highest class of competition for open-wheel racing cars. Drivers and teams competed in twenty-one Grands Prix for the World Drivers' and World Constructors' championship titles. Lewis Hamilton won the World Drivers' Championship title, while his team, Mercedes, secured the World Constructors' Championship title. Hamilton clinched his fifth title at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2441804", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Australian Grand Prix\"\nand Alonso started ninth and tenth. After the start the top three stayed in the same order they started while Verstappen lost a place to Magnussen at the start. Sergey Sirotkin was the first retirement of the race when on lap 4 he retired due to a brake failure caused by overheating. On lap 9, Verstappen spun at turn one while chasing Magnussen and dropped down to eighth. Hamilton led Räikkönen, Vettel, Magnussen, Grosjean, Ricciardo, Hülkenberg, Verstappen, Sainz and Alonso. They stayed in that order until the first round of pit stops. On lap 18 Räikkönen pitted for softs. On", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4629635", "chunk_text": "\"Australian Grand Prix\"\nseason. The race ended with Button, who had led from the start, leading the field over the line after the safety car had been deployed with three laps remaining following a crash between Sebastian Vettel and Robert Kubica, who had been fighting for second place. Toyota's Jarno Trulli was given a 25-second penalty for passing Lewis Hamilton for third place under yellow flags during that safety car period, which promoted Hamilton into that position. However, Hamilton was later disqualified and docked his points for \"\"deliberately misleading stewards\"\", with Trulli reinstated in third. The results earned by Brawn, Williams, and Toyota", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12652135", "chunk_text": "\"Motorsport in Australia\"\nmanufacture and name when he won his final championship in driving the Repco V8 powered Brabham BT19 and BT20; and Alan Jones, who won in , giving Williams its first Drivers' and Constructors championships. As of , Daniel Ricciardo (Red Bull Racing) is the only Australian driver in Formula One. Of the 13 Australians who have driven in Formula One, only Brabham (14), Jones (12), Webber (9) and Ricciardo () have won a Formula One Grand Prix. Australian Formula 3 has been the name applied to two distinctly different motor racing categories, separated by over twenty years. The original Australian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6132225", "chunk_text": "\"Australian Grand Prix\"\nOne World Championship.\"\" As of the 2018 edition, four-time World Drivers' Champion Alain Prost remains the only driver to win the race in both World Championship and domestic formats, winning the Australian Drivers' Championship 1982 race before winning in Adelaide in 1986 and 1988. \"\"Teams in bold are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.\"\"<br> \"\"A pink background indicates an event which was not part of the Formula One World Championship.\"\" \"\"A pink background indicates an event which was not part of the Formula One World Championship.\"\" Australian Grand Prix The Australian Grand Prix is a motor", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20770596", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Formula One World Championship\"\nand ninth place for Alonso and Vandoorne respectively. Max Verstappen finished sixth after an early spin ahead of Nico Hülkenberg. Valtteri Bottas was eighth, having started fifteenth when he took a penalty for a gearbox change after a heavy crash in qualifying. Carlos Sainz Jr. completed the points-scoring positions in tenth. Charles Leclerc and Sergey Sirotkin both made their competitive débuts for Sauber and Williams respectively. Leclerc finished thirteenth while Sirotkin retired with a brake failure. Vettel then won from pole at the next round in Bahrain, holding off a late charge from Bottas to win by seven-tenths of a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9364165", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Austrian Grand Prix\"\nwith a fourteen-point lead over Sebastian Vettel in the drivers' championship. In the constructors' championship, Mercedes held a twenty-five-point lead over Ferrari. The race was won by Max Verstappen for Red Bull, marking the first time that Red Bull has won at their home Grand Prix. This race also marked the first double retirement for Mercedes since the 2016 Spanish Grand Prix and the first retirement for Hamilton since the 2016 Malaysian Grand Prix. The circuit included three drag reduction system (DRS) zones for the first time. These included a zone along the main straight, with the second zone on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "745811", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix\"\nthe race to win from pole position. Lewis Hamilton finished in close second place, with Sebastian Vettel finishing third. Red Bull's Daniel Ricciardo retired due to mechanical failure, which was significant in facilitating fourth place for Kimi Räikkönen in the Driver's Championship. The first Formula One eSports event was held in tandem with the Grand Prix, with British competitor Brendon Leigh winning the 2017 competition. With both championships and the top places almost settled, the final race of the season would settle an intense three-way battle for sixth place between constructors Toro Rosso, Renault and Haas. Toro Rosso was ahead", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20076979", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Formula One World Championship\"\nor lower for the Championship to remain in contention. Red Bull's Daniel Ricciardo secured his latest pole position, but would eventually retire from the Grand Prix with an engine failure, his eighth failure to finish during the season. His teammate, Max Verstappen won by 17.3 seconds while Vettel came in second place. Hamilton finished in 4th place, which was enough to secure his fifth Drivers' Championship. In Brazil, the penultimate race of the season, Ferrari needed to outscore Mercedes by at least 13 points to remain in contention for the Constructors' Championship. Hamilton started from pole but lost the lead", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20076937", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Formula One World Championship\"\n2018 Mexican Grand Prix, with the team securing its fifth consecutive title at the following race. Ferrari driver Sebastian Vettel finished runner-up, 88 points behind Hamilton, with his teammate Kimi Räikkönen finishing third. In the Constructors' Championship, Mercedes finished 84 points ahead of Ferrari, with Red Bull Racing third. The following teams and drivers participated in the 2018 FIA Formula One World Championship. All teams competed with tyres supplied by Pirelli. For the first time in Formula One history, all regular drivers competed in all races. No replacement drivers competed during any race weekend, with the exception of free practice", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15392946", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Australian Grand Prix\"\ndriver Lewis Hamilton was the defending race winner. Hamilton took the first pole position of the season and the fiftieth of his career in a qualifying session that saw the introduction of a new one-by-one elimination format that was widely criticised. His teammate Nico Rosberg took victory ahead of Hamilton and Ferrari's Sebastian Vettel. The race was stopped on lap 18 following an accident involving Fernando Alonso and Esteban Gutiérrez. Mercedes used the break for a change of tyres that allowed their drivers to take a 1–2 finish after Vettel had initially led the race from the start. Romain Grosjean", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9364149", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Azerbaijan Grand Prix\"\n2018 Azerbaijan Grand Prix The 2018 Azerbaijan Grand Prix (formally known as the Formula 1 2018 Azerbaijan Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race held on 29 April 2018 at the Baku City Circuit in Baku, Azerbaijan. The race was the fourth round of the 2018 Formula One World Championship, and the second running of the Azerbaijan Grand Prix as a round of the Formula One World Championship. Red Bull Racing driver Daniel Ricciardo was the defending race winner. Ferrari's Sebastian Vettel entered the round with a nine-point lead over Lewis Hamilton in the World Drivers' Championship. In the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11411104", "chunk_text": "\"Motorsport in Australia\"\nwon at Calder in 1980 driving his Williams FW07B-Ford, and no Australian has finished on the podium since John Smith finished second in 1983. Since becoming a round of the World Championship in 1985 only 4 Australian drivers have actually raced in the Australian Grand Prix. They are Alan Jones (1985–1986), David Brabham (1990, 1994), Mark Webber (2002–2013) and Daniel Ricciardo (2012–). Two Australians have won the World Driver's Championship: Jack Brabham, who won the title on three occasions, including becoming the first (and so far only) driver to win the World Championship in a car of his own design,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3493024", "chunk_text": "\"2018 United States Grand Prix\"\nCircuit of the Americas in Austin, Texas. Mercedes driver Lewis Hamilton entered the round with a 67-point lead over Ferrari's Sebastian Vettel in the World Drivers' Championship. Hamilton's team-mate, Valtteri Bottas, sat third, a further 57 points behind. In the World Constructors' Championship, Mercedes held a lead of 78 points over Ferrari, with Red Bull Racing a further 141 points behind in third place. The race was won by Kimi Räikkönen, who made a one-stop strategy work, achieving his first Grand Prix win since the 2013 Australian Grand Prix, breaking a record-setting 113-race winless streak. It was also his first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17154200", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Formula One World Championship\"\nthe first lap saw the safety car deployed when Haas' Romain Grosjean spun off at turn 3. He had spun back onto the track, but his spinning rear tyres caused a plume of smoke to bellow, which Pierre Gasly of Toro Rosso and Nico Hülkenberg of Renault got caught in and led to a 3-car retirement. In the end, Hamilton won comfortably in Spain, extending his lead to seventeen points. Bottas finished second while Verstappen finished third, his first podium of the season. Ricciardo took pole in Monaco and won the event despite developing an engine problem mid-race that left", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1467289", "chunk_text": "\"Abu Dhabi Grand Prix\"\n2018 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix was held on 25 November 2018. The race was won by Lewis Hamilton, with Sebastian Vettel in second and Max Verstappen completing the podium. The Yas Marina Circuit was designed by Hermann Tilke and is located on Yas Island – a island on the east coast of Abu Dhabi – and the 2009 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix was the first major event to take place on the circuit. Etihad Airways has been the title sponsor of the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix since its inception. \"\"Drivers in bold are competing in the Formula One championship in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20076980", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Formula One World Championship\"\nto Max Verstappen on lap 40 as Mercedes had to turn his engine down to prevent failure. Verstappen then looked set to win the race, but was spun around on lap 44 by the Force India of Esteban Ocon who was attempting to unlap himself. Verstappen's spin allowed Hamilton to retake the lead and subsequently win the race. Räikkönen finished third for Ferrari while his teammate Vettel finished sixth after a sensor problem and a failed gamble on tyre strategy compromised his race. This, combined with Hamilton's win and Bottas's fifth place finish, allowed Mercedes to clinch their fifth successive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7559692", "chunk_text": "\"Daniel Ricciardo\"\nFerrari of Sebastian Vettel to take his first Monaco Grand Prix victory and his first Grand Prix win from pole position, despite having to manage a loss of power due to a MGU-K power output issue throughout the race. Later in the season, he tied for the most retirements in the 2018 season, with 8 retirements in total. He has claimed four fastest laps this season, in Australia, China, Spain and Hungary and finished the season sixth in the World Drivers' Championship with 170 points, behind champion Lewis Hamilton who scored 408 points. It was announced on 3 August 2018", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2441805", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Australian Grand Prix\"\nlap 19 Hamilton pitted for softs to cover Räikkönen and emerged on track ahead of him. Verstappen pitted on lap 20. Magnussen pitted at the end of lap 21, but retired the next lap due to the cross-threaded wheel-nut being fitted loosely. On lap 24, Grosjean retired at turn 2 from seventh after pitting with the same problem as his team mate Magnussen resulting in a Virtual Safety Car (VSC) being called out. On lap 26 Vettel pitted under the VSC and emerged ahead of Hamilton and Räikkönen. Mercedes miscalculated the required gap between Vettel and Hamilton to prevent a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19711212", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Formula One World Championship\"\nsecond. Hamilton finished third despite a 5 place grid penalty for a gearbox change and contact with Verstappen on the second lap. However, in China, Vettel's winning run was broken, with Ricciardo's 2 stop strategy helping the Australian to his sixth career victory, ahead of Bottas and Räikkönen. Ricciardo pitted for a new set of softs with 20 laps to go under safety car while the leaders stayed out on their used set of mediums, he then fought his way past both Ferraris and Mercedes to the lead. Hamilton took his first win of the year in Azerbaijan and with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19524855", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Formula One World Championship\"\nin the Drivers' Championship. Racing Point Force India qualified 3rd and 4th on the grid during qualifying, and finished 5th and 6th in the race. In Italy, on Ferrari's home turf, Räikkönen took the fastest ever pole position in F1 history, ahead of teammate Vettel. There was a first lap incident between Hamilton and Vettel which left the latter struggling as he could only manage 4th. During a nail-biting race, Hamilton overtook Räikkönen on lap 45, thus winning his sixth race of the season, with Räikkönen finishing second and Bottas finishing third after a collision with Verstappen. Sergey Sirotkin scored", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9364160", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Azerbaijan Grand Prix\"\nAt the same time, Force India's Pérez passed Vettel to gain a 3rd place podium position as Bottas dropped out. Bottas's sudden retirement was the last incident that affected the podium order. Hamilton won, Raikkonen was second, and Pérez third. Other notable points finishers included Renault's Sainz in fifth, Sauber's Charles Leclerc, and Toro Rosso's Brendon Hartley (who both earned the first Formula One championship points of their careers). McLaren drivers Fernando Alonso and Stoffel Vandoorne also both managed to earn points: Alonso finished seventh despite the double puncture he suffered early in the race; while Vandoorne used the safety", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19524822", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Formula One World Championship\"\nIndia team to retain prize money accrued by Sahara Force India in the preceding years. Toro Rosso signed 2016 GP2 Series champion Pierre Gasly and two-time World Endurance champion Brendon Hartley as their full-time drivers for 2018. Both Gasly and Hartley made their Formula One débuts with the team in the latter stages of the 2017 championship. Daniil Kvyat left the team and the Red Bull driver programme, securing a development role with Ferrari. Charles Leclerc, the reigning Formula 2 champion, made his competitive début with Sauber. Leclerc, who had previously driven in Friday practice sessions in 2016 and 2017,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18170317", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Formula One World Championship\"\nthe Vettel–Bottas crash. Räikkönen finished third, passing Ricciardo in the closing laps of the race. In Austria, Bottas started the race on pole, followed by Hamilton and Räikkönen. However, in the race, both Mercedes suffered from technical problems and neither one was able to finish the race. Ricciardo also retired from the race. Verstappen won, followed by Räikkönen in 2nd and Vettel in 3rd. Haas took full advantage of the Mercedes and Ricciardo retirements and finished 4th (Grosjean) and 5th (Magnussen). Vettel re-took the lead of the championship by 1 point, following Hamilton's retirement. At his home race in Great", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9364168", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Austrian Grand Prix\"\napologize via team radio. Hamilton pitted on lap 25, ceding the lead to Verstappen, and rejoined in P4, ahead of Vettel, who overtook him on lap 39. On lap 54 Ricciardo retired with an exhaust problem and then Brendon Hartley retired on the next lap with a hydraulics issue. Hamilton retired on lap 64 with a fuel pressure problem, giving Mercedes only their third double retirement since returning to F1 as a constructor in 2010 (after Australia 2011 and Spain 2016), their first double retirement due to mechanical failures, and Hamilton's first non-finish since the 2016 Malaysian Grand Prix. Verstappen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4629583", "chunk_text": "\"Australian Grand Prix\"\nracing memorable for deciding Championship results, most notably the 1986 and 1994 races which saw the and World Drivers' Championships decided. Australian driver Lex Davison and German driver Michael Schumacher are the most successful drivers in the 86-year history of the event taking four wins each, while McLaren and Ferrari have been the most successful constructors with twelve victories each. Frenchman Alain Prost is the only driver to win the Australian Grand Prix in both Australian domestic and World Championship formats, having won the race in 1982 driving a Formula Pacific Ralt RT4 and in Formula One in 1986 and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8730608", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Australian Open\"\n2018 Australian Open The 2018 Australian Open was a tennis tournament played at Melbourne Park between 15–28 January 2018, and was the first Grand Slam tournament of the 2018 season. The tournament consisted of events for professional players in singles, doubles and mixed doubles play. Junior and wheelchair players compete in singles and doubles tournaments. Roger Federer was the defending champion in the men's singles event and successfully retained his title (his sixth), defeating Marin Čilić in the final, while Caroline Wozniacki won the women's title, defeating Simona Halep in the final to win her first Grand Slam. The tournament", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3062504", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Australian Grand Prix\"\n2017 Australian Grand Prix The 2017 Australian Grand Prix (formally known as the 2017 Formula 1 Rolex Australian Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race that took place on 26 March 2017 in Melbourne. The race was contested over fifty-seven laps of the Melbourne Grand Prix Circuit and was the first round of the 2017 FIA Formula One World Championship. The race marked the eighty-first race in the combined history of the Australian Grand Prix – which dates back to the 100 Miles Road Race of 1928 – and the twenty-second time the event was held at the Melbourne", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9620398", "chunk_text": "\"Baku City Circuit\"\nof 2017. The race was notable for Sebastian Vettel deliberately crashing into Lewis Hamilton after accusing Hamilton of brake-checking him under the Safety Car. Vettel received a stop-go penalty for his actions, eventually finishing 4th, whilst Hamilton's headrest became loose while he was leading the race, which forced him to pit and eventually finish in 5th. Daniel Ricciardo won the race for Red Bull, with Valtteri Bottas finishing second despite being a lap down and last in the early stages of the race after colliding with Kimi Räikkönen on lap 1, and Lance Stroll taking a surprise podium for Williams", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15392970", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Australian Grand Prix\"\nVettel slowly closed on Rosberg, with the gap between the two also coming down. Vettel came onto the back of Hamilton with five laps remaining, chasing him closely for several laps before making a mistake in the second to last corner of lap 55, losing his chances at second place. As the race ended, Nico Rosberg took victory, thirty-one years after his father Keke Rosberg had won the 1985 Australian Grand Prix. Hamilton and Vettel rounded out the podium ahead of Ricciardo and Massa. With Romain Grosjean having finished in sixth, Haas F1 became the first new (and \"\"from scratch\"\")", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19658649", "chunk_text": "\"Max Verstappen\"\nPrix winner, youngest to win the same Grand Prix multiple times and youngest to win the same Grand Prix in successive years. † Did not finish, but was classified as he had completed more than 90% of the race distance. Max Verstappen Max Emilian Verstappen (; born 30 September 1997) is a Belgian-Dutch racing driver who competes under the Dutch flag in Formula One with Red Bull Racing. Aged , he became the youngest driver to compete in Formula 1 at the 2015 Australian Grand Prix. He also holds eight other \"\"firsts\"\" in Formula One racing. After spending the entire", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2932050", "chunk_text": "\"Hawthorn Memorial Trophy\"\nhas won the award a record eight times, ranging from to . His eighth trophy in 2018 surpassed Nigel Mansell, the World Champion, who won the trophy seven times in the space of eight years between and 1992. The only instance of the award not going to the highest placed British or Commonwealth driver was in , when the trophy was given to Alan Jones instead of Gilles Villeneuve. Villeneuve had finished runner-up in the championship, one place ahead of Jones in third. The least successful driver in any one year to win the award was Jenson Button in ,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "70248", "chunk_text": "\"2014 Australian Grand Prix\"\nthe stewards had yet to disqualify Daniel Ricciardo). Daniil Kvyat, aged 19, was classified in ninth, becoming the youngest points-scorer in Formula One. Australian driver Daniel Ricciardo originally finished in second place for Red Bull Racing, but was later disqualified due to illegal fuel flow throughout the race. The race was also notable for ending Sebastian Vettel's streak of nine race wins in a row. Tyre supplier Pirelli brought its white-banded medium compound tyre as the harder \"\"prime\"\" tyre and the yellow-banded soft compound tyre as the softer \"\"option\"\" tyre, as opposed to the previous year where medium and super-soft", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18810269", "chunk_text": "\"Max Verstappen\"\nValtteri Bottas for 2nd place. However a safety car was deployed during the middle of the 1st lap caused by a collision between Scuderia Toro Rosso driver Brendon Hartley and Williams Grand Prix Engineering driver Lance Stroll. He finished third in the race and set the fastest lap of the race on lap 65. The 2018 French Grand Prix brought him second place. At the 2018 Austrian Grand Prix, on Red Bull's home track, he started fourth on the grid, passed Kimi Räikkönen before taking advantage of retirement from Valtteri Bottas and a botched pit-stop strategy by Lewis Hamilton, who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17385845", "chunk_text": "\"2010 Australian Grand Prix\"\n2010 Australian Grand Prix The 2010 Australian Grand Prix (formally the 2010 Formula 1 Qantas Australian Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race held on 28 March 2010 at the Melbourne Grand Prix Circuit in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It was the second round of the 2010 Formula One season. The 58-lap race was won by McLaren driver Jenson Button who started from fourth position. Robert Kubica finished second for the Renault team and Ferrari driver Felipe Massa came in third. The victory was Button's first of the season; the result moved him to third place in the Drivers' Championship,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9364200", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix\"\nlivery to celebrate the last race of Fernando Alonso. This was the first time McLaren had run a special livery since the 1986 Portuguese Grand Prix. Prior to the race, Lewis Hamilton had already secured the 2018 World Drivers' Championship title, while his team, Mercedes, had secured the 2018 World Constructors' Championship title. Lewis Hamilton claimed his fifth World Drivers' title at the 2018 Mexican Grand Prix; following the Brazilian Grand Prix he led Sebastian Vettel by 81 points with Kimi Räikkönen being third, a further 51 points behind. In the World Constructors' Championship, Mercedes led Ferrari by 67 points", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20076981", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Formula One World Championship\"\nConstructors' Championship. In Abu Dhabi, the final race of the season, the safety car was brought out on the first lap when Renault's Nico Hülkenberg barrel-rolled into the barricade at turn 9 after accidentally colliding with Grosjean. In his final race for Ferrari, Raikkonen retired on lap 7 when his engine failed, triggering the virtual safety car. In the end, Hamilton won with Vettel finishing second, and the two Red Bulls third and fourth. After the race, Hamilton and Vettel flanked the retiring Fernando Alonso on the post-race lap, and all three drivers performed synchronized \"\"donuts\"\" on the finish straight.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10815893", "chunk_text": "\"Ferrari SF71H\"\nFerrari SF71H The Ferrari SF71H was a Formula One racing car designed and constructed by Scuderia Ferrari to compete during the 2018 FIA Formula One World Championship. The car was driven by Sebastian Vettel and Kimi Räikkönen, and made its competitive debut at the 2018 Australian Grand Prix. Keeping with his tradition to name his cars, Vettel named his SF71H \"\"Loria\"\". This car used the \"\"less white\"\" livery design similar to the livery used in the 2007, 2008, and 2009 cars since their sponsor Santander departed from Formula 1. It took two wins in the three opening Grands Prix, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6132220", "chunk_text": "\"Australian Grand Prix\"\nwere awarded, despite an appeal being held two weeks later against a ruling on the legality of the teams' diffuser design. The outcome of the appeal was in favour of the teams and that their diffusers were legal under the new rules and there were no changes to the results of the race. 2010 again saw Jenson Button win at Melbourne. Starting from fourth, he gambled on an early change to slick tires under drying conditions that let him move up to second place after losing several positions at the start. Sebastian Vettel retired with mechanical issues after qualifying on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9121894", "chunk_text": "\"Australian Grand Prix\"\nAustralian Grand Prix The Australian Grand Prix is a motor race held annually in Australia currently under contract to host Formula One until 2023. The Grand Prix is the second oldest surviving motor racing competition held in Australia, after the Alpine rally first held in 1921, having been contested 83 times since it was first run at Phillip Island in 1928. It is currently sponsored with naming rights by the Swiss watchmaker Rolex. Prior to its inclusion in the World Championship, it was held at a multitude of venues in every state of Australia. It was a centrepiece of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3492977", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Canadian Grand Prix\"\n2018 Canadian Grand Prix The 2018 Canadian Grand Prix (formally known as the Formula 1 Grand Prix Heineken du Canada 2018) is a Formula One motor race that took place on 10 June 2018 at the Circuit Gilles Villeneuve in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The race was the seventh round of the 2018 FIA Formula One World Championship. The race was won by Sebastian Vettel of Ferrari. It was the fifty-fifth running of the Canadian Grand Prix, the forty-ninth time the event had been included as a round of the Formula One World Championship since the inception of the series in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7864534", "chunk_text": "\"Haas VF-18\"\nHaas VF-18 The Haas VF-18 is a Formula One car designed by Italian manufacturer Dallara for the Haas F1 Team to compete in the 2018 FIA Formula One World Championship. The car was driven by Romain Grosjean and Kevin Magnussen and made its competitive début at the 2018 Australian Grand Prix. The focus of the VF-18's design was to produce a more stable chassis than its predecessor, the VF-17, with the aim of building a car capable of producing more consistent performances between rounds. To do this, Dallara worked to reduce the weight of the chassis as much as possible,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3600682", "chunk_text": "\"Williams Grand Prix Engineering\"\n10th. On 12 October 2018, the team announced that George Russell would be joining the team from the season and on 22 November 2018 it was announced that Robert Kubica would join him as his teammate. On 29 November was announced a partnership with PKN Orlen, a leading player in the fuels and energy market. The following drivers won the Formula One Drivers' Championship for Williams: Williams Grand Prix Holdings is the public company of Williams Group, that includes the Formula One Team, Williams Advanced Engineering and others like Williams Heritage and collaborations with other brands. Williams Advanced Engineering (WAE)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3318	what was the last episode of the flash?	n/a	[ "The Elongated Knight Rises", "\"Finish Line\"" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2989334", "chunk_text": "\"Flash in other media\"\nepisodes; a still frame of Kyle Gallner from earlier seasons was used to give the appearance that Bart was attending a Justice League meeting via videoscreen in the season 9 finale, \"\"Salvation\"\". The character is also present in the season 10 episode \"\"Icarus\"\" at the funeral of Carter Hall, but his face is not shown. In the series' penultimate episode, villains are assembled and are each given a hero to kill. Bart is given to Captain Cold. The character later features prominently in the comic book continuation to the TV series (2012–). In 2003, it was reported that The WB", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5962826", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2014 TV series)\"\nin the history of The CW, after \"\"The Vampire Diaries\"\" in 2009. It has been well received by critics and audiences, and won the People's Choice Award for \"\"Favorite New TV Drama\"\" in 2014. The series, together with \"\"Arrow\"\", has spun characters out to their own show, \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", which premiered on January 21, 2016. On April 2, 2018, The CW renewed the series for a fifth season, which premiered on October 9, 2018. In season one, after witnessing his mother's supernatural murder, Barry Allen is taken in by Detective Joe West and his family. Barry becomes a brilliant", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160163", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nThe Flash (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, premiered on The CW on October 10, 2017, and ran for 23 episodes until May 22, 2018. The season follows a crime scene investigator with superhuman speed who fights criminals, including others who have also gained superhuman abilities. It is set in the Arrowverse, sharing continuity with the other television series of the universe, and is a spin-off of \"\"Arrow\"\". The season is produced by Berlanti Productions, Warner Bros. Television, and DC Entertainment, with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7176108", "chunk_text": "\"Flash in other media\"\nhe maintained roughly the same personality. However, he is now using his powers to help others. Along with Aquaman, Green Arrow, Cyborg and Black Canary he now works to stop one of Lex Luthor's evil side projects, 33.1. Kyle Gallner reprises his role as Impulse for a final time in the season eight finale, \"\"Doomsday\"\". The character's presence continues to be felt thereafter, though he does not directly feature. For example, in the ninth-season episode \"\"Absolute Justice\"\", the Golden Age Flash, Jay Garrick, is seen in flashbacks, getting arrested with the other Justice Society members. Impulse appeared in two additional", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10224706", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\nThe Flash (season 5) The fifth season of the American television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, premiered on The CW on October 9, 2018 and is set to consist of 22 episodes. The season follows Barry, a crime scene investigator with superhuman speed who fights criminals, including others who have also gained superhuman abilities, as he deals with the consequences of his future daughter's time traveling. It is set in the Arrowverse, sharing continuity with the other television series of the universe, and is a spin-off of \"\"Arrow\"\". The season", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5287554", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2014 TV series)\"\nmake Cisco create a weapon for her, as he did for Golden Glider, Captain Cold, and Heatwave. When he does not cooperate, she shoots him. Cisco survives being shot, realizing that the orange soda he spilt on his shirt was the missing catalyst to his bulletproof formula. Cisco tries to bring Peek-a-Boo back to the pipeline, but she locks him in the cell instead. Cisco is then seen being woken up due to a call from Barry. He believes he dreamt the whole experience, until he finds the bullet that shot him on the ground. On November 14, 2017, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160186", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nDoviak gave the finale a B+, praising the light tone and character moments, while adding that \"\"None of this can make up for the long stretches of mediocrity this year, but at least it doesn’t leave me with a bad taste in my mouth.\"\" General references The Flash (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, premiered on The CW on October 10, 2017, and ran for 23 episodes until May 22, 2018. The season follows a crime scene investigator with superhuman speed who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2244275", "chunk_text": "\"Flash in other media\"\nmagical disguise of Tigress. In the penultimate episode \"\"Summit\"\", Artemis is exposed as a mole to Black Manta, the Light and the alien Reach, but is rescued from them by the entire team, including Wally, who has briefly come out of retirement. In the season two finale, Artemis and Wally work together to destroy one of 21 Reach devices which were set to destroy the planet. Flash (Barry) and Impulse (Bart) are required to produce enough kinetic energy to reverse the final device, and Wally joins them to increase their chances of success, but his slower speed leads to him", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5962865", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2014 TV series)\"\nCBS on March 28, 2016. Intersecting with the events of the eighteenth episode of \"\"The Flash\"\", which aired on April 19, 2016, Barry accidentally arrives on Earth-38 and helps Kara battle two of her enemies, Silver Banshee (Italia Ricci) and Livewire (Brit Morgan), before returning home. The Flash (2014 TV series) The Flash is an American superhero television series developed by Greg Berlanti, Andrew Kreisberg, and Geoff Johns, airing on The CW. It is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, a costumed superhero crime-fighter with the power to move at superhuman speeds. It is a spin-off", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19477723", "chunk_text": "\"Killer Frost (The Flash episode)\"\nKiller Frost (The Flash episode) \"\"Killer Frost\"\" is the seventh episode of the third season of The CW television series \"\"The Flash\"\". The episode was written by Andrew Kreisberg and Brooke Roberts, with a story by Judalina Neira and directed by Kevin Smith. It was first broadcast on November 22, 2016 on The CW. The show is itself a spin-off of the show \"\"Arrow\"\", where many characters in the series were introduced during the second season. The episode revolves around Caitlin Snow (Danielle Panabaker) slowly losing control of her Killer Frost persona after using her powers to save Barry from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160180", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nfrom Earth-X. \"\"Arrow\"\" actor David Ramsey appears as John Diggle, as well as DeVoe's Diggle disguise earlier in the twenty-second episode. The season began airing on October 10, 2017, on The CW in the United States, and on CTV in Canada. The season concluded on May 22, 2018. Sky One acquired the rights to air the season in the UK & Ireland, airing it alongside the other Arrowverse shows. The season premiered October 17. In July 2017, cast from the series appeared at San Diego Comic-Con International to promote the season, where exclusive footage was shown. During the panel, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1869758", "chunk_text": "\"Flashpoint (TV series)\"\n9, 2009 at 9 pm for a midseason start. In the United States and Canada, the remaining four episodes that were originally produced for Season 1 aired as a part of Season 2. CTV in Canada originally considered these episodes as part of Season 1; however, after the airing of the fourth episode (which was originally considered the final episode of Season 1), CTV changed the labelling of these four episodes and, following CBS, began considering them part of Season 2. CBS and CTV both ended Season 2 on May 25, 2009 after airing only the first nine episodes produced.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160178", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nblack market of metahuman supervillains. Filming for the season began on July 4, 2017, in Vancouver, British Columbia, and concluded on April 21, 2018. Kevin Smith returned to direct an episode in January 2018. In August 2017, series composer Blake Neely and Nathaniel Blume began to compose the music for the fourth season. In May 2017, The CW president Mark Pedowitz officially announced plans for a four-show Arrowverse crossover event, crossing over episodes of the television series \"\"Supergirl\"\", \"\"The Flash\"\", \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", and \"\"Arrow\"\". The crossover, \"\"Crisis on Earth-X\"\", began with \"\"Supergirl\"\" and a special airing of \"\"Arrow\"\" on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2399564", "chunk_text": "\"Duet (The Flash)\"\nGustin and Benoist and that Gustin was able to \"\"reconnect with the character's endearing side.\"\" Von Doviak concluded, \"\"It's probably logistically untenable for them to ever be more than 'super friends,' but if this show ever needed the positive energy they generate together, now was certainly the time.\"\" Duet (The Flash) \"\"Duet\"\" is the seventeenth episode of the third season of The CW television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which aired on March 21, 2017. The episode was written by Aaron Helbing and Todd Helbing from a story by Greg Berlanti and Andrew Kreisberg, and was directed by Dermott Daniel Downs. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160179", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nNovember 27, 2017, and concluded on \"\"The Flash\"\" and \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\" on November 28. In August 2017, Berlanti noted that it would be \"\"a big life event for a few different people\"\" that would bring them all together for the crossover, adding \"\"There are many life events that happen.\"\" Prior to that, \"\"Arrow\"\" actress Emily Bett Rickards appears as Felicity Smoak in the fifth episode of the season. Following the crossover, Katie Cassidy (who has previously appeared on \"\"The Flash\"\" as both Laurel Lance and Black Siren) appears in the nineteenth episode as Siren-X, an alternate version of Laurel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3812606", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2014 TV series)\"\nshowrunner; after having served as consulting producer and writer on the first season's finale \"\"Fast Enough\"\". However, it was later reported that Kreisberg would be returning to sole showrunner duties at an unspecified time. That time was later proved to be at the start of 2016, \"\"Potential Energy\"\", when Stanton was no longer credited as being involved with the show. In May 2017, it was reported that Aaron Helbing would be departing the series. Helbing had served as a writer since the first season, and as co-showrunner, along with his brother Todd and Kreisberg, since the second. The costume was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5962861", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2014 TV series)\"\n\"\"Supergirl\"\" novels. The first, \"\"The Flash: Hocus Pocus\"\", was released on October 3, 2017. The novel takes place in an alternate timeline where the show's \"\"Flashpoint\"\" event never occurred, and The Flash must fight a villain known as Hocus Pocus who can control the minds and actions of people. A sequel, \"\"The Flash: Johnny Quick\"\" was released on April 3, 2018, as well as a third novel, titled \"\"The Flash: The Tornado Twins\"\", on October 2, 2018. On October 21, 2016, \"\"The Art and Making of The Flash\"\" by Abbie Bernstein was released. This is a 160-page behind-the-scenes book with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13801619", "chunk_text": "\"Pilot (The Flash)\"\n\"\"90210\"\", and the third-highest rated in the 18–49 demographic. The CW re-aired the pilot the following day on Wednesday, October 8, 2014 after the season 3 premiere of \"\"Arrow\"\". The episode was watched by 2.11 million viewers and achieved a 0.7 adults 18–49 rating. Factoring live plus seven-day ratings, the pilot was watched by a total of 6.8 million viewers, becoming The CW's most-watched telecast and the highest-rated premiere among men 18–34 (2.5 rating). It broke the previous record for the most-watched telecast held by the cycle 8 finale of \"\"America's Next Top Model\"\" in 2007 (6.69 million). Additionally, across", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1121021", "chunk_text": "\"Flashpoint (comics)\"\n2011, but was withdrawn. The storyline is loosely adapted in the film \"\"\"\" as well as in the third season of the CW network television series \"\"The Flash\"\". At the 2017 San Diego Comic-Con, it was announced that \"\"Flashpoint\"\" will be adapted into a feature film as part of the DC Extended Universe. Barry Allen wakes up to discover everything and everyone around him has changed. He is not Flash, nor does he have powers. His mother Nora (deceased in his own timeline) is alive; his father, Henry, died of a heart attack three years ago (instead of in prison).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17061539", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 2)\"\n23 episodes, airing on The CW until May 24, 2016. The premiere was watched by 3.58 million viewers, down from the first season premiere but average for the series. The second season of \"\"The Flash\"\" received universal acclaim from critics, and finished as the 112th ranked show, slightly up from season one, with an average viewership of 4.25 million. The series was renewed for a third season on March 11, 2016. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On January 11, 2015, \"\"The Flash\"\" was renewed for a second season. With the commencement of production on the season, former \"\"Arrow\"\" and \"\"Ugly Betty\"\" writer Gabrielle Stanton", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13127505", "chunk_text": "\"Gorilla City (The Flash)\"\n21, 2017 with \"\"Attack on Gorilla City\"\", and concluded on February 28 with \"\"Attack on Central City\"\". The first episode was written by Aaron Helbing and David Kob from a story by Andrew Kreisberg, and the second episode was written by Benjamin Raab and Deric A. Hughes from a story by Todd Helbing. Both episodes were directed by Dermott Daniel Downs. Grant Gustin portrays Barry Allen / Flash, joined by series regulars Candice Patton, Danielle Panabaker, Carlos Valdes, Tom Cavanagh, Jesse L. Martin and Keiynan Lonsdale and recurring cast members Tom Felton, Violett Beane, and Jessica Camacho. Keith David and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "537610", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\non July 21, 2018 to promote the season. Starting on September 14, 2018, several billboards advertising Ralph Dibny as a private investigator were seen around Vancouver, the city where the show is filmed. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 93% approval rating for the fifth season with an average rating of 7.96/10, based on 132 reviews. The website's consensus reads, \"\"\"\"The Flash\"\"s fifth season maintains the show's high standard for compelling visuals, chilling villains, and well-scripted moments of humor, but also turns a more focused gaze on the role of family dynamics amongst the increasingly complex characters.\"\" Reviewing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19576859", "chunk_text": "\"What's Past Is Prologue (The Flash)\"\n1990 television series in a pre-credits scene that ties-in with the Arrowverse crossover \"\"Elseworlds\"\". \"\"What's Past Is Prologue\"\" originally aired on The CW on December 4, 2018, and was watched by 1.78 million viewers according to Nielsen Media Research. The episode received a positive critical response. Barry Allen and Nora West-Allen time travel to gather items to stop Cicada; a highly magnetic alloy from Savitar's armor, dark matter, and Harry Wells' Speed Force transmitter to transfer dark matter into the armor piece. They first travel to Barry's final battle against Savitar. After a Time Wraith appears, Barry distracts it so", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19477731", "chunk_text": "\"Killer Frost (The Flash episode)\"\nseems to continue this season’s spiral into the depressing abyss. (However, there is one moment at the end that points toward lighter moments to come).\"\" Killer Frost (The Flash episode) \"\"Killer Frost\"\" is the seventh episode of the third season of The CW television series \"\"The Flash\"\". The episode was written by Andrew Kreisberg and Brooke Roberts, with a story by Judalina Neira and directed by Kevin Smith. It was first broadcast on November 22, 2016 on The CW. The show is itself a spin-off of the show \"\"Arrow\"\", where many characters in the series were introduced during the second", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10224715", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\nseason also introduces Barry's \"\"Flash ring\"\" from the comics. The new suit adopts brighter colors than previous suits – which had maroon overtones – and, unlike prior incarnations, does not have a chin strap. Production for the season began on July 6, 2018, in Vancouver, British Columbia, and is set to conclude on April 10, 2019. Kevin Smith will direct an episode of the season. Danielle Panabaker will make her directorial debut this season. Tom Cavanagh directed the eighth episode of the season, which served as the 100th episode of the series and led into the annual crossover. Due to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4805620", "chunk_text": "\"Flash (Barry Allen)\"\nhis wife Iris and save her from the slavery of the Anti-Life Equation. Seeing his wife again for the first time in years, Barry is overcome with emotion and gives his brainwashed wife a deep kiss. While kissing her, the Speed Force sparkles out of his body, enveloping Iris and freeing her from the Equation. The Allens and Wally West are left to fend in a conquered world. In the seventh and final issue of \"\"Final Crisis\"\", Barry and Wally lead the Black Racer to Darkseid, dealing the cosmic tyrant a blow that, coupled with Batman shooting him in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17363601", "chunk_text": "\"Flash in other media\"\nidea who this is,\"\" although the costume is still kept. The Flash appeared at the end of \"\"The Batman\"\"'s fourth-season finale \"\"The Joining\"\" as one of the members of the Justice League. The Flash was properly introduced in the episode \"\"A Mirror Darkly\"\" to help Batman battle Mirror Master. Also Charlie Schlatter reprised the role of Flash in the Superman episode \"\"Speed Demons\"\". The creators stated that their version was intended to be Barry Allen, but they would leave it up to viewers to decide for themselves. This Flash is known to speak at an unusually fast pace. Kid Flash", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4805601", "chunk_text": "\"Flash (Barry Allen)\"\ndisguised as Reverse Flash to ruin the Flash's good name. Defeating Kadabra, he retreats to the future to be reunited with Iris, having learned that Iris' spirit was in fact drawn to the 30th century, and given a new body (and was in fact the mind inhabiting the juror). The final issue of \"\"The Flash\"\" ends with Flash and Iris kissing passionately and the caption \"\"And they lived happily ever after... for a while\"\". There are a few references in the final issue (\"\"The Flash\"\" #350) to the upcoming events, and Flash's impending death. In the controversial storyline \"\"Identity Crisis\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1869749", "chunk_text": "\"Flashpoint (TV series)\"\nthe show held by CBS including the option to continue production. After the fourth season of \"\"Flashpoint\"\" concluded, a fifth season was ordered; starting to air in Canada in September 2012. On May 1, 2012, the producers announced that the fifth season would be the last of the series. The series finale aired on December 13, 2012. The show focuses on a fictional elite tactical unit, the Strategic Response Unit (SRU), within a Canadian metropolitan police force (styled on the Toronto Police Emergency Task Force). The SRU are tasked to resolve extreme situations that regular officers are not trained to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18074583", "chunk_text": "\"Finale (Smallville)\"\nit shook \"\"the show awake, sending the needle hurtling rudely into the red zone\"\". He ultimately stated that Rosenbaum's acting—in both the finale and the series as a whole—was \"\"one of the great TV series performances of the past 10 years and proof once again that talent will blossom in the least expected places\"\". Finale (Smallville) \"\"Finale\"\" is the title of the two-episode series finale of the superhero television series \"\"Smallville\"\". The episodes are the 21st and 22nd of the 10th season, and the 216th and 217th episodes overall. The finale originally aired on The CW in the United States", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2399562", "chunk_text": "\"Duet (The Flash)\"\nWaterTower Music containing the songs featured the episode. After beginning in the ending scene of the March 20, 2017 episode of \"\"Supergirl\"\", \"\"Duet\"\" aired in the United States on The CW on March 21, 2017. It was simulcast with the US broadcast in Canada on CTV Two. In early March 2017, a promotional poster for the episode was released, with it being marketed as \"\"Dynamic Duet\"\", a play on words of the phrase \"\"dynamic duo\"\". In Australia, where \"\"The Flash\"\" and \"\"Supergirl\"\" both air on Fox8, the crossover was marketed as a two-night event called \"\"DC Musical Crossover\"\". Jesse Schedeen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18818425", "chunk_text": "\"Invasion! (Arrowverse)\"\na separate DVD on August 17, 2017 in Region 2 and September 20 in Region 4. The episodes are available for streaming on Netflix and The CW app in the United States. \"\"Invasion!\"\" gave the CW its most-watched week in six years. \"\"The Flash\"\" episode had a season-three-high viewership (the series' largest since December 9, 2014) and a season-three-high 18–49 rating, the highest since February 16, 2016. The episode improved 40 and 36 percent in viewership and the 18–49 rating, respectively, on the previous episode, \"\"Killer Frost\"\". It increased by five percent in total viewers and seven percent in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8155557", "chunk_text": "\"Black Lightning (TV series)\"\nLightning\"\". In February 2017, Fox passed on the series, with it being picked up by The CW with a new script for the pilot. The CW officially ordered the series in May 2017. The first season premiered on January 16, 2018, for a 13-episode run. On April 2, 2018, The CW renewed the show for a second season, which premiered on October 9, 2018. High school principal Jefferson Pierce, who retired from his superhero persona Black Lightning nine years ago after seeing the effects it had on his family, is forced to become a vigilante again when the rise of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7204356", "chunk_text": "\"Flash vs. Arrow\"\nthe previous episode, \"\"Power Outage\"\". The \"\"Arrow\"\" episode was the most viewed of season three, and had the show's largest audience since the series' premiere on October 10, 2012, and a series high 18–49 rating. Its viewership grew by 46% and its 18-49 rating by 56% over the previous episode, \"\"Draw Back Your Bow\"\", and helped contribute to the most watched Wednesday on The CW in more than two years. The Canadian broadcast of \"\"The Flash\"\" was watched by 2.45 million viewers, earning the highest viewership for the week. The \"\"Arrow\"\" broadcast had 2.22 million viewers, the second highest for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16412915", "chunk_text": "\"Pilot (The Flash)\"\nPilot (The Flash) \"\"Pilot\"\" is the first episode of The CW series \"\"The Flash\"\". The episode was written by Andrew Kreisberg and Geoff Johns, based on a story by Greg Berlanti, Kreisberg, and Johns, and directed by David Nutter. It was first broadcast on October 7, 2014, on The CW. The show is a spin-off from \"\"Arrow\"\" where many of the characters in \"\"The Flash\"\" were introduced during its second season. The episode revolves around Barry Allen (Grant Gustin), a forensic scientist working for the Central City Police Department. On the night of the launch of a particle accelerator, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8883228", "chunk_text": "\"Gorilla City (The Flash)\"\ntheir performances. Due to a prolonged snowfall in Vancouver, filming of the \"\"Gorilla City\"\" scenes had to be moved south of the original site. Visual effects for both episodes were handled by Encore Post. According to post-production producer Jeff Garrett, episodes with Grodd cost 50 percent more than other Flash episodes. The first part, \"\"Attack on Gorilla City\"\", aired on February 21, 2017, and concluded with part two, \"\"Attack on Central City\"\", on February 28, both on The CW. The event was simulcast with the US broadcast in Canada on CTV for the first part, after which the series moved", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2399552", "chunk_text": "\"Duet (The Flash)\"\nDuet (The Flash) \"\"Duet\"\" is the seventeenth episode of the third season of The CW television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which aired on March 21, 2017. The episode was written by Aaron Helbing and Todd Helbing from a story by Greg Berlanti and Andrew Kreisberg, and was directed by Dermott Daniel Downs. The episode features a musical crossover with \"\"Supergirl\"\" and reunites Grant Gustin and Melissa Benoist with their former \"\"Glee\"\" co-star Darren Criss, who portrays the Music Meister. Jesse L. Martin also reunites with Jeremy Jordan, with whom he previously worked in the 2012 musical film \"\"Joyful Noise\"\". The story", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4805610", "chunk_text": "\"Flash (Barry Allen)\"\nalerts the group to a probably lethal force field. During the final battle, Barry saves Hawkeye from being killed when the Absorbing Man breaks the ground beneath him, but both of them are blasted and apparently killed by Dreamslayer. At the end, it is revealed that Barry got the two of them out alive and at Captain America's suggestion they laid low and because of this, Hawkeye is able to destroy Krona's machine with a TNT arrow while Barry distracts him, then Barry takes the 12 items of power. As a result, reality is restored, Barry disappears and Wally returns.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18730989", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2016)\"\nWoman and Aquaman are at war with one another and have decimated Western Europe, among other changes. Following its conclusion, the series radically changed the status quo of the DC Universe, leading to The New 52. DC cancelled all of their titles and debuted 52 new series in September 2011 with new first issues. One of the new 52 series starting in September was the fourth volume of \"\"The Flash\"\", starring Barry Allen. In February 2015, it was announced that following the \"\"Convergence\"\" storyline in May, DC would be ending its New 52 branding, though the continuity established post-\"\"Flashpoint\"\" would", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18701078", "chunk_text": "\"Hartley Sawyer\"\nannounced that Sawyer was exiting from the role eight months after his debut. He made his last appearance on January 27, 2014. In 2014, he starred in the thriller \"\"Kept Man\"\", and the Geek & Sundry superhero comedy \"\"Caper\"\" from \"\"Eureka\"\" creator Amy Berg and executive producer Felicia Day. In 2015, Sawyer hosted and co-wrote the documentary series \"\"Courageous Leaders\"\", and starred in the Wall Street drama \"\"SPiN\"\". In July 2017, Sawyer was cast in The CW's superhero drama \"\"The Flash\"\" as Ralph Dibny / Elongated Man, a fast-talking private investigator who is able to stretch his body to any", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8902147", "chunk_text": "\"Salvation Run\"\nto the series have occurred in \"\"Countdown to Final Crisis\"\" (which details Piper and Trickster's continual evasion of capture), \"\"Outsiders\"\", \"\"Checkmate\"\", \"\"Catwoman\"\", and \"\"Justice League of America\"\". A compiled paperback version of this mini-series was released on September 24, 2008. Following the events of Black Adam's rampage in \"\"World War III\"\", the Amazonian attack on the United States, the murder of the Flash (Bart Allen), and the Injustice League's attack upon the wedding of Green Arrow and Black Canary, a U.S. government sponsored secret program is put in place to combat the growing metahuman threat. Initiated by Executive Order by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8855446", "chunk_text": "\"Nora (The Flash episode)\"\nNora (The Flash episode) \"\"Nora\"\" is the first episode of the fifth season, and 93rd episode overall of the CW series \"\"The Flash\"\". The episode was written by Todd Helbing & Sam Chalsen and directed by David McWhirter. It first aired on The CW on October 9, 2018. This episode marks the first appearance of Jessica Parker Kennedy as Nora West-Allen as a main character after making numerous cameos last season. Team Flash meet Nora, Barry and Iris' daughter from the future. While Iris expresses excitement, Barry is concerned that she could alter the timeline based on his own mistakes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17323817", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 2)\"\nis established as being in an alternate universe where the Flash helps Kara fight the Silver Banshee and Livewire in exchange for her help in returning home. The episode title was inspired by the \"\"World's Finest Comics\"\" series, in which Superman would team up with various other DC superheroes, including the Flash. The events of this episode take place between two moments in the eighteenth episode of \"\"The Flash\"\" season two, \"\"Versus Zoom\"\", which aired on April 19, 2016, in which Barry enters and exits a breach while wearing the tachyon device seen in this episode. The crossover required \"\"a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7204354", "chunk_text": "\"Flash vs. Arrow\"\nAmell, Gustin, David Ramsey, Emily Bett Rickards, Danielle Panabaker and Carlos Valdes were joined by executive producers Berlanti, Kreisberg and Guggenheim for a Q&A panel. The first part of the crossover, \"\"The Flash\"\", was broadcast on December 2, 2014, followed by part two on \"\"Arrow\"\" on December 3, both on The CW. The crossover was simulcast with the US broadcast in Canada on CTV. It first aired in the United Kingdom on Channel 5 on December 16 and December 18, 2014. In Australia, the episodes aired back-to-back on January 28, 2015, on Fox8, after Nine Network, which broadcasts \"\"Arrow\"\", allowed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17247431", "chunk_text": "\"Barry Allen (Arrowverse)\"\nagain due to Barry's changes in history and the timeline, this resulted in the death of Cisco's brother and Caitlin gaining frost powers. The team at first distrust Barry for these changes but forgives him after they have to team up to fight Savitar. The season ends with Barry sacrificing himself and places himself in the speed force prison. Team Flash rescues Barry out of the speed force prison and Barry is given a new suit. Barry and Iris attend couples therapy in attempts to mend their relationship. Barry and Caitlin are kidnapped by two different people and the team", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20774683", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (comic book)\"\nan extended storyline titled \"\"The Trial of the Flash\"\" in which the hero must face the repercussions of his actions. Bates became the editor as well as the writer of \"\"The Flash\"\" title during this time and oversaw it until its cancellation in 1985. \"\"The Trial of the Flash\"\" was collected in a volume of the \"\"Showcase Presents\"\" series in 2011. Shortly before Barry Allen's death in \"\"Crisis on Infinite Earths\"\", the series was cancelled with issue #350 (October 1985). In the final issue of \"\"Crisis on Infinite Earths\"\", Wally West, previously known as Allen's sidekick Kid Flash, stated his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10983659", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 2)\"\nTelevision, and DC Entertainment, with Andrew Kreisberg, Gabrielle Stanton, Aaron Helbing, and Todd Helbing serving as showrunners. The season was ordered in January 2015, and filmed from that July to the following April in Vancouver. Grant Gustin stars as Barry, alongside principal cast members Candice Patton, Danielle Panabaker, Carlos Valdes, Tom Cavanagh, and Jesse L. Martin also returning from the first season, and are joined by Keiynan Lonsdale. This season also introduces characters from \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", which was being developed as a spin-off. The first episode of the season premiered on October 6, 2015, with the season, consisting of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2902701", "chunk_text": "\"Pilot (The Flash)\"\nepisode was nominated for the 2015 Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation (Short Form). Gustin was named TVLine's \"\"Performer of the Week\"\" for the week of October 6, 2014, for his performance in this episode for \"\"[nailing] moments of whimsy, elation, heartbreak, fear and loss — all while exuding the kind of rare charisma upon which entire franchises can be built\"\". The site praised in particular the scene when Barry puts his new powers to the test and the scene at the prison with his father, calling the latter the episode's \"\"most powerful interlude\"\". Pilot (The Flash) \"\"Pilot\"\" is the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19684285", "chunk_text": "\"Flash vs. Arrow\"\n\"\"The Flash\"\" in a big way\"\". In the episode, Oliver runs into an ex-girlfriend, last seen pregnant with his child in season two of \"\"Arrow\"\" and had been told by Oliver's mother Moira to tell him that she'd lost the baby and disappear. It is revealed to the viewers that she has a child and it's presumed to be Oliver's. After the airing of the episode, Guggenheim confirmed that indeed it was Oliver's child. At the end of the episode, Robbie Amell, who played Ronnie Raymond—Caitlin's former fiancée presumed dead after the particle accelerator explosion—appears as Firestorm using his powers.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4805557", "chunk_text": "\"Wally West\"\nkeep a steady job, and the mistrust of the League for his decision to bring two children into the fold. The series was canceled with issue #247 (February 2009). In \"\"Final Crisis\"\", the character was reunited with Barry Allen, who had returned to life. Interviews with \"\"\"\" artist Ethan Van Sciver revealed that the character would adopt a newly designed costume in the limited series that reintroduces Barry Allen as the Flash. The new costume is heavily inspired by the original changes made to the suit in \"\"Flash\"\" vol. 2, #50 (cowl lenses, \"\"wingless\"\" boots, the belt-line V-shape, a lightning", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3319	who represents the arizona 9th district in the house?	n/a	[ "Kyrsten Sinema" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4749351", "chunk_text": "\"Arizona's 9th congressional district\"\nballots to be counted significantly exceeded the margin between the two. Sinema was officially declared the winner on November 12, 2012. Sinema was easily reelected in both 2014 and 2016. Since the 9th district's incumbent representative Kyrsten Sinema ran for Senate in 2018 to replace retiring U.S. Senator Jeff Flake, Greg Stanton was elected on November 6th and is congressman-elect. Arizona began sending a ninth member to the House after the 2010 Census, the 2012 Congressional election, and the convening of the 113th Congress. As the result of the closed primary on August 28, 2012, Democrat Kyrsten Sinema faced Republican", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20973296", "chunk_text": "\"2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona\"\nwith 50.90 percent of the vote over Republican nominee Paul Babeu. This district is one of the most competitive in the state with a PVI of R+2. In 2018, the district was one of 36 Democratic-held House districts targeted by the National Republican Congressional Committee. The ninth district is based in suburban Phoenix and is centered around Tempe, and also includes portions of Chandler, Mesa, and Scottsdale. This district is moderately competitive with a PVI of D+4. Democrat Kyrsten Sinema was re-elected to a third term in 2016 with 60.89% of the vote. In 2018, Sinema did not seek reelection", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15054423", "chunk_text": "\"Arizona's 9th congressional district\"\nVernon Parker in the November 6 general election. Sinema was the first candidate to announce an intention to run. A former member of both the Arizona House of Representatives and the Arizona State Senate, until resigning to launch her House campaign in Arizona's 9th congressional district, she was endorsed by EMILY's List, AFL-CIO, The Professional Firefighters of Arizona, Former Congressman Sam Coppersmith, among others. On January 11, 2012, Republican Travis Grantham announced that he was running. Arizona State Senate Minority Leader David Schapira announced his candidacy on January 17, 2012. Schapira was born in the district, has resided there for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "93897", "chunk_text": "Arizona\nof Representatives are Tom O'Halleran (D-1), Martha McSally (R-2), Raul Grijalva (D-3), Paul Gosar (R-4), Andy Biggs (R-5), David Schweikert (R-6), Ruben Gallego (D-7), Debbie Lesko (R-8), and Kyrsten Sinema (D-9). Arizona gained a ninth seat in the House of Representatives due to redistricting based on Census 2010. \"\"See also: , Political party strength in Arizona\"\" From statehood through the late 1940s, Arizona was primarily dominated by the Democratic Party. During this time period, the Democratic candidate for the presidency carried the state each election, with the only exceptions being the elections of 1920, 1924 and 1928—all three of which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15054425", "chunk_text": "\"Arizona's 9th congressional district\"\nKavanaugh, former Phoenix Mayor Phil Gordon and many other strong Arizona leaders have done so as well. On February 22, 2012, Republican Martin Sepulveda declared his candidacy for Congressional District 9. Martin Sepulveda is a former Chandler City Councilman, a business owner, and a Commander in the United States Navy having served four tours in Afghanistan and Iraq. On March 3, 2012, Lieutenant Colonel Wendy Rogers (Ret.) announced her candidacy for Congressional District 9. Rogers and husband Hal Kunen, along with children George and Emily, settled in Tempe in 1996, upon their retirement from the United States Air Force. Rogers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20973297", "chunk_text": "\"2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona\"\nto the U.S. House, instead running for U.S. Senate in order to replace Jeff Flake. In 2018, this district was one of 36 Democratic-held House districts targeted by the National Republican Congressional Committee. 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona The 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona were held on November 6, 2018, to elect the nine U.S. Representatives from the state of Arizona, one from each of the state's nine congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2018 Arizona gubernatorial election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4749355", "chunk_text": "\"Arizona's 9th congressional district\"\nis a Republican. Leah Campos Schandlbauer announced her candidacy March 26, 2012. She is a former CIA operations officer and a conservative Republican. There are no former members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Arizona's 9th congressional district, living or dead: Representative Sinema has served for the entirety of the district's existence. Arizona's 9th congressional district Arizona's ninth congressional district was created as a result of the 2010 Census. The first candidates ran in the 2012 House elections, and the first representative was seated for the 113th Congress in 2013. The district is located entirely within Maricopa County. Geographically", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15054420", "chunk_text": "\"Arizona's 9th congressional district\"\nArizona's 9th congressional district Arizona's ninth congressional district was created as a result of the 2010 Census. The first candidates ran in the 2012 House elections, and the first representative was seated for the 113th Congress in 2013. The district is located entirely within Maricopa County. Geographically and demographically, it is the successor to the old 5th district; 60 percent of the new 9th's territory comes from the old 5th. It is centered around Tempe and includes southern Scottsdale, western Mesa, northwestern Chandler, and southern Phoenix including the Ahwatukee district. As of the 2012 general election, there were 344,770 registered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2397108", "chunk_text": "\"Greg Stanton\"\n99 police officers and 300 other city employees. Stanton was married to Nicole, a lawyer with whom he shares two children, for ten years before the couple divorced in 2016. Greg Stanton Gregory John Stanton (born March 8, 1970) is an American politician. He is the member-elect of the U.S. House of Representatives from Arizona's 9th district. Prior to his congressional career, he served as Mayor of Phoenix. He won the November 8, 2011 runoff election to succeed term-limited mayor Phil Gordon. Stanton, a Democrat and former Phoenix City Council member, defeated Republican political consultant/lobbyist Wes Gullett after a contentious", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8163563", "chunk_text": "\"Greg Stanton\"\nGreg Stanton Gregory John Stanton (born March 8, 1970) is an American politician. He is the member-elect of the U.S. House of Representatives from Arizona's 9th district. Prior to his congressional career, he served as Mayor of Phoenix. He won the November 8, 2011 runoff election to succeed term-limited mayor Phil Gordon. Stanton, a Democrat and former Phoenix City Council member, defeated Republican political consultant/lobbyist Wes Gullett after a contentious campaign that resulted in large election turnout. Stanton was sworn in as 59th Mayor of Phoenix in January 2012 and resigned on May 29, 2018, in order to run for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19431262", "chunk_text": "\"Debbie Lesko\"\nDebbie Lesko Debbie Lesko (born November 14, 1958) is an American politician and a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives, representing . She previously served as a member of the Arizona Senate from 2015 to 2018, representing the state's 21st district. She also was President pro tempore of the Arizona Senate from 2017 to 2018. Lesko also served as a member of Arizona House of Representatives from 2009 until 2015. Lesko won the Republican nomination for Arizona's 8th congressional district special election to replace Trent Franks, who resigned from Congress, on February 27, 2018. She won the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15054421", "chunk_text": "\"Arizona's 9th congressional district\"\nvoters. Of these, 118,077 (34.2%) were registered Republican, 107,123 (31.1%) were registered Democratic, 3,232 (0.9%) were registered Libertarian, and 761 (0.2%) were registered Green. A substantial number, 115,531 (33.5%) were independents. It is split between liberal bastions such as Tempe (home to Arizona State University), strongly conservative portions of the East Valley, and more moderate Republicans in eastern and southern Phoenix. The district was one of seven across the United States whose winner was not declared on 2012 election night. Although Democratic candidate Kyrsten Sinema held a narrow lead over Republican candidate Vernon Parker, the number of provisional and absentee", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4749353", "chunk_text": "\"Arizona's 9th congressional district\"\nmost of his life, and currently represents Tempe and South Scottsdale. On February 9, 2012, former Clinton White House aide and Arizona prosecutor Andrei Cherny launched his bid for Congress in the new district. Cherny was Chair of the Arizona Democratic Party. His campaign slogan is \"\"Save the Middle Class,\"\" for his mission is to \"\"put our government back on the side of Arizona's families.\"\" He served as an Assistant Attorney General under Terry Goddard and worked in the Clinton White House. Both men have given their endorsements to Cherny. Former Ahwatukee State Rep. Rae Waters, Mesa City Councilman Dennis", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20973294", "chunk_text": "\"2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona\"\n2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona The 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona were held on November 6, 2018, to elect the nine U.S. Representatives from the state of Arizona, one from each of the state's nine congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2018 Arizona gubernatorial election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections. The 2018 general elections saw the Democratic party gain the 2nd Congressional district, thus flipping the state from a 5-4 Republican advantage to a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19914063", "chunk_text": "\"Paul Gosar\"\nof November 2017, Gosar is a member of dozens of House caucuses. They include: Paul Gosar Paul Anthony Gosar (; born November 27, 1958) is an American politician who has served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Arizona since 2011. He currently represents , which includes most of the rural western portion of the state, as well as a few suburbs of Phoenix. He represented the neighboring 1st district during his first term and is a member of the Republican Party. Gosar was born in Rock Springs, Wyoming, in 1958, son of Antone John Gosar", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2470723", "chunk_text": "\"2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona\"\nMassachusetts Congressman Barney Frank revealed that he was an atheist after he left office). Republican David Schweikert has represented the district since being elected in 2010. Democrat John W. Williamson ran against him. The 7th district is heavily Hispanic. It is located primarily in Phoenix, and includes portions of Glendale and the town of Guadalupe. The incumbent was Democrat Ed Pastor, who had represented the district since 2013, and previously represented the 4th district from 2003 to 2013 and the 2nd district from 1991 to 2013. He was re-elected with 82% of the vote in 2012 and the district has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15389526", "chunk_text": "\"2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona\"\nfiled to run. No Democrats filed to run. Democrat Kyrsten Sinema won election to the House of Representatives in 2012, when the district was created. Declared 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona The 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona were held on Tuesday, November 4, 2014 to elect the nine U.S. Representatives from the state of Arizona, one from each of the state's nine congressional districts, with Democratic and Republican primaries taking place on August 26. The elections coincided with the elections of other federal and state offices, including Governor of Arizona. The table", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9622191", "chunk_text": "\"2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona\"\nDemocrat Raúl Grijalva has represented the district since being elected in 2002. Republican Gabriela Saucedo Mercer and Libertarian Miguel Olivas also ran. Republican Paul Gosar has represented the district since being elected in 2010. Democrat Mike Weisser ran against him. Republican Matt Salmon has represented the district since being elected in 2012. He was challenged by Democrat James Woods. Woods was looking to make history as the first openly atheist candidate to be elected to the U.S. Congress (former California Congressman Pete Stark, who served from 1973 to 2013, is an atheist but did not reveal this until 2007; former", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13002774", "chunk_text": "\"Ruben Gallego\"\nRuben Gallego Ruben Marinelarena Gallego (born November 20, 1979) is an American politician who is the U.S. Representative for Arizona's 7th congressional district. A Democrat, he previously served as a member of the Arizona House of Representatives, serving as assistant minority leader in the Arizona House of Representatives from 2012 until his resignation to run for Congress. Gallego was elected to Congress in the 2014 midterm congressional elections. His district includes most of southern, western, and downtown Phoenix, along with a portion of Glendale. Gallego was born in Chicago and is a first generation American of Colombian and Mexican descent.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2577436", "chunk_text": "\"Arizona's 8th congressional district\"\nwere drawn into the 8th. This House seat was vacated by Representative Trent Franks on December 8, 2017. A special election was held on April 24, 2018 and won by Republican Debbie Lesko. Arizona picked up an eighth congressional district after the 2000 census. It originally encompassed the extreme southeastern part of the state. It included all of Cochise County and parts of Pima, Pinal, and Santa Cruz counties. For all intents and purposes, it was the successor to the 5th District. Longtime Republican Jim Kolbe retired in 2007, and was succeeded by Democrat Gabrielle Giffords, who was shot and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19078931", "chunk_text": "\"Paul Gosar\"\nPaul Gosar Paul Anthony Gosar (; born November 27, 1958) is an American politician who has served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Arizona since 2011. He currently represents , which includes most of the rural western portion of the state, as well as a few suburbs of Phoenix. He represented the neighboring 1st district during his first term and is a member of the Republican Party. Gosar was born in Rock Springs, Wyoming, in 1958, son of Antone John Gosar and Bernadette M. (née Erramouspe) Gosar. His paternal grandparents were Slovenian and his maternal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20473658", "chunk_text": "\"Michelle Ugenti-Rita\"\nMichelle Ugenti-Rita Michelle Ugenti-Rita (born June 28, 1980) is an American politician and a Republican member of the Arizona House of Representatives representing District 23 since January 14, 2013. Ugenti previously served consecutively from January 10, 2011 until January 14, 2013 in the District 8 seat. Ugenti graduated from Arizona State University. Ugenti sponsored a number of bills to reform voter initiatives. Ugenti was the only Republican to oppose a 'Blue Lives Matter' bill that toughens penalties for assaulting off-duty police. Ugenti and her husband divorced in 2010. During the case, Ugenti used her legislative privilege after her husband's attorney", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "841306", "chunk_text": "\"Ann Kirkpatrick\"\nAnn Kirkpatrick Ann Kirkpatrick (born March 24, 1950) is an American politician who served as the U.S. Representative from from 2009 to 2011 and again from 2013 to 2017. A Democrat, she is also a former member of the Arizona House of Representatives. Kirkpatrick was defeated in the 2010 midterm election but regained her old seat in a close race in 2012. She retained her seat by winning in 2014. Kirkpatrick lost her Senate bid to incumbent Republican John McCain in the 2016 election. Kirkpatrick was the Democratic nominee for in the 2018 election. She was elected on November 6", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "93896", "chunk_text": "Arizona\ninto political jurisdictions designated as \"\"counties\"\". There are 15 counties in the state, ranging in size from to . Arizona's two United States Senators are Jeff Flake (R) and Jon Kyl (R). Kyl was appointed by Governor Ducey on September 5, 2018, to fill the spot formerly occupied by the late six-term senior Senator John McCain, who died August 25, 2018. Senator Kyl, who previously served as the state's junior Senator from 1995 to 2013, will serve in office until a special election in 2020. As of the start of the 115th Congress, Arizona's representatives in the United States House", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20755135", "chunk_text": "\"Pamela Hannley\"\nPowers Hannley is a graduate of Marion L. Steele High School in Amherst, Ohio. Pamela Hannley Pamela Powers Hannley (born July 30, 1951) is an American activist, blogger, politician and a Democratic member of the Arizona House of Representatives elected to represent District 9 in 2016. In addition to her work in the Arizona Legislature, she is also the social media and technology editor of the American Journal of Medicine. Powers Hannley is a native of Amherst, Ohio but has lived in Tucson, Arizona since 1981. For most of her professional career, Powers Hannley worked in public relations and corporate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13038040", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Arizona's 8th congressional district special election\"\ncampaign finance records. 2018 Arizona's 8th congressional district special election A special election for Arizona's 8th congressional district was held in 2018 subsequent to the resignation of U.S. Representative Trent Franks. Governor Doug Ducey called a special primary election for Tuesday, February 27, 2018, and a special general election for Tuesday, April 24, 2018. Incumbent Representative Trent Franks announced on December 7, 2017, that he would resign effective January 31, 2018, after admitting allegations regarding the issue of surrogacy. However, after his wife was hospitalized, Franks resigned effective December 8, 2017. Candidates must file nomination forms and petitions within 30", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13038037", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Arizona's 8th congressional district special election\"\n2018 Arizona's 8th congressional district special election A special election for Arizona's 8th congressional district was held in 2018 subsequent to the resignation of U.S. Representative Trent Franks. Governor Doug Ducey called a special primary election for Tuesday, February 27, 2018, and a special general election for Tuesday, April 24, 2018. Incumbent Representative Trent Franks announced on December 7, 2017, that he would resign effective January 31, 2018, after admitting allegations regarding the issue of surrogacy. However, after his wife was hospitalized, Franks resigned effective December 8, 2017. Candidates must file nomination forms and petitions within 30 days of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6580672", "chunk_text": "\"Catherine Miranda\"\nCatherine Miranda Catherine Miranda (born October 5, 1964) is an American educator and Democratic Party politician who serves in the Arizona Senate, representing the 27th electoral district. She was a member of the Arizona House of Representatives from 2011 to 2015. Miranda was first elected in the 16th district, the same seat that her late husband, Ben Miranda, had held. She was then redistricted to the 27th district. Miranda served on the Roosevelt School District school board and cites education cuts as the reason she ran for a seat in the state legislature. Miranda is running in the Democratic primary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11292644", "chunk_text": "\"Charlene Fernandez\"\nCharlene Fernandez Charlene Fernandez (born Charlene Elise Ramos) is an American politician who is the Democratic Leader-Elect of the Arizona House of Representatives and is currently serving as the Democratic Whip. She represents the 4th Legislative District and serves on the Committee on Appropriations. She was first elected to the state House in 2014 and represents Southwestern Arizona, specifically, the majority of Yuma County, western Pima County, southwestern Maricopa County and southwestern Pinal County. Fernandez was born in Yuma, Arizona to the late Antonio \"\"Tony\"\" Ramos and Carmen Ramos. She attended Yuma High School where she graduated, and went on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6593570", "chunk_text": "\"Randall Friese\"\nFriese is a trauma surgeon, and he served as an Associate Professor of Surgery at the University of Arizona Medical Center. He now is a surgeon for Banner Health following the 2015 merger with UAHN. He treated U.S. Representative Gabrielle Giffords and nine-year-old Christina Taylor-Green after they were shot in the 2011 Tucson shooting. Friese ran for the Arizona House of Representatives in District 9 as a member of the Democratic Party in the 2014 elections. He defeated Republican incumbent Ethan Orr by 0.12% of the vote. Randall Friese Randall S. Friese is an American surgeon and politician from the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10991415", "chunk_text": "\"Andy Biggs\"\nAndy Biggs Andrew Steven Biggs (born November 7, 1958) is an American politician and a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives, representing . The district includes most of the East Valley, covering most of Mesa and Chandler and all of Queen Creek and his hometown of Gilbert. Previously, he was a member of the Arizona Senate representing the 12th District from 2011 to 2017 (numbered as the 22nd District from 2011 to 2013) and a member of the Arizona House of Representatives representing the 22nd District from 2003 to 2011. He was President of the Arizona Senate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15981860", "chunk_text": "\"Daniel Hernández Jr.\"\nendorsed a 2016 ballot measure to legalize recreational marijuana in Arizona. Daniel Hernández Jr. Daniel Hernández Jr. (born January 25, 1990) is an American politician, who was elected to the Arizona House of Representatives in the 2016 elections. A member of the Arizona Democratic Party, he serves alongside Rosanna Gabaldón in Legislative District 2. Hernandez was born in 1990 to Daniel Hernandez Sr. and Consuelo Quiñones Hernandez, a struggling working class family in Tucson, Arizona. He has two younger sisters, Consuelo and Alma. In 2008 Hernandez volunteered for Hillary Clinton's presidential campaign and for Gabrielle Giffords' re-election campaign. He graduated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16423825", "chunk_text": "\"Catherine Miranda\"\nAerospace technology company. She passed away from breast cancer when Catherine Miranda was only 17 years old. Catherine Miranda Catherine Miranda (born October 5, 1964) is an American educator and Democratic Party politician who serves in the Arizona Senate, representing the 27th electoral district. She was a member of the Arizona House of Representatives from 2011 to 2015. Miranda was first elected in the 16th district, the same seat that her late husband, Ben Miranda, had held. She was then redistricted to the 27th district. Miranda served on the Roosevelt School District school board and cites education cuts as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19448481", "chunk_text": "\"Andy Biggs\"\nAmerican Family Sweepstakes and subsequently appeared in a TV ad with Dick Clark and Ed McMahon promoting the sweepstakes. Andy Biggs Andrew Steven Biggs (born November 7, 1958) is an American politician and a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives, representing . The district includes most of the East Valley, covering most of Mesa and Chandler and all of Queen Creek and his hometown of Gilbert. Previously, he was a member of the Arizona Senate representing the 12th District from 2011 to 2017 (numbered as the 22nd District from 2011 to 2013) and a member of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20473660", "chunk_text": "\"Michelle Ugenti-Rita\"\nissued a subpoena to Verizon for her texts. Her husband claimed she was having an affair with a co-worker at the Arizona House of Representatives. Ugenti was criticized in 2012 for making a joke about masturbation to a colleague during a committee hearing. Four women lawmakers call for Ugenti to be suspended from her leadership role due to alleged affair with House staffer. Michelle Ugenti-Rita Michelle Ugenti-Rita (born June 28, 1980) is an American politician and a Republican member of the Arizona House of Representatives representing District 23 since January 14, 2013. Ugenti previously served consecutively from January 10, 2011", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13587341", "chunk_text": "\"2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona\"\nWith the new map, most of the old 5th District became the 9th District. It now encompasses portions of southern Phoenix, as well as all of Tempe and parts of Scottsdale, Mesa, Chandler and Paradise Valley. It is not considered safe for either party. Former Democratic state senator Kyrsten Sinema defeated Republican nominee Vernon Parker and Libertarian nominee Powell Gammill. Sinema won the general election on November 6, 2012. 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona The 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona were held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012, to elect the nine U.S.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8924339", "chunk_text": "\"2010 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona\"\nCounty treasurer David Schweikert defeated businessman and political newcomer Jim Ward, and former Scottsdale city council member Susan Bitter Smith, who he had defeated in the 2008 primary election, as well as 3 other candidates. Schweikert's victory sets up a rematch against Mitchell, who defeated him 53-44% in the 2008 general election. Ryan Blackman was the Green Party nominee, but he withdrew. District 5 has been represented by Mitchell since 2007. Prior to Mitchell's victory over incumbent conservative Republican J. D. Hayworth, the district had been held by Republicans since 1985. David Schweikert defeated Democratic incumbent Harry Mitchell on November", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1584904", "chunk_text": "\"T. J. Shope\"\nT. J. Shope Thomas Ray \"\"T. J.\"\" Shope Jr. (born August 12, 1985) is a Republican politician and businessman who serves in the Arizona House of Representatives from the 8th Legislative District. He was first elected to the state House in 2012 and represents central and eastern Pinal County and southern Gila County. He was re-elected to a second term in 2014. In 2016, he was re-elected to his third term and was appointed Speaker Pro Tempore of the House in January 2017. Shope was born in Florence, Arizona, to Thomas \"\"Tom\"\" Shope, Sr. and Luz Shope. Tom is the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17046133", "chunk_text": "\"David Gowan (politician)\"\n2015 he announced his candidacy for Arizona's 1st congressional district, but withdrew shortly before the Republican primary. Gowan graduated from the University of Arizona with a degree in Secondary Education and Social Studies. He is currently married with two children and lives in Sierra Vista, Arizona. David Gowan (politician) David M. Gowan Sr. an American politician who served as Speaker of the Arizona House of Representatives for the 2015-2017 legislative session and a Representative for Legislative District 14 from January 14, 2013, to January 9, 2017, when he term limited. Gowan served consecutively from January 2009 until January 14, 2013", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3867375", "chunk_text": "\"Tempe, Arizona\"\nTempe is in Arizona's 9th Congressional District, served by Representative Kyrsten Sinema (D). Tempe is served by multiple school districts. Most of Tempe is within the Tempe Elementary School District and the Tempe Union High School District; however, other portions are served by the Kyrene School District (K–8), Scottsdale Unified School District (K–12), and Mesa Public Schools (K–12). James Madison Preparatory School and Tempe Preparatory Academy are also located in the area. Emmanuel Lutheran School is a Christian Pre-K-8 grade school of the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod in Tempe. Tempe also contains one of the state's three major universities, Arizona", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9622190", "chunk_text": "\"2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona\"\nit emerged that he had threatened to deport his gay lover if he outed Babeu as homosexual. He was speculated to run against Kirkpatrick in 2014, but he declined to do so. Democrat Ron Barber was elected to a full term in the House of Representatives in 2012, narrowly defeating Republican Martha McSally. McSally filed to run against Barber again in 2014. Also running for the Republican nomination were Shelley Kais and Chuck Wooten. As the election margin was less than 1% in favor of McSally, a recount began on December 3, 2014. McSally won the recount by 161 votes.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5928452", "chunk_text": "\"Debbie Lesko\"\nthat would allow health officials to conduct warrantless and unannounced inspections of abortion clinics, which critics said undermined the privacy of patients at the clinics. She opposes changes to existing gun laws, saying \"\"I think there's enough laws. The laws need to be enforced.\"\" Debbie Lesko Debbie Lesko (born November 14, 1958) is an American politician and a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives, representing . She previously served as a member of the Arizona Senate from 2015 to 2018, representing the state's 21st district. She also was President pro tempore of the Arizona Senate from 2017", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "535924", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Arizona elections\"\nwill not seek re election. President Trump and Republicans have backed Martha McSally to succeed Flake. Kelli Ward, former State Senator and candidate for the U.S. Senate in 2016 announced she will run for the Republican nomination for the open seat. On the evening of Monday, November 12, 2018 McSally posted on her Twitter that she had spoke with Sinema and conceded. Sinema celebrated with supporters later that evening. All of Arizona's nine seats in the United States House of Representatives will be up for election in 2018. The primary elections took place on August 28th, 2018. The general elections", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9622188", "chunk_text": "\"2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona\"\n2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona The 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona were held on Tuesday, November 4, 2014 to elect the nine U.S. Representatives from the state of Arizona, one from each of the state's nine congressional districts, with Democratic and Republican primaries taking place on August 26. The elections coincided with the elections of other federal and state offices, including Governor of Arizona. The table below shows the total number and percentage of votes, as well as the number of seats gained and lost by each political party in the election", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2397106", "chunk_text": "\"Greg Stanton\"\nmembers of Congress multiple times. Mayor Stanton was re-elected on August 25, 2015. In 2017, \"\"Governing\"\" magazine named Stanton one of its Public Officials of the Year for his efforts to expand light rail, bike lanes, and sidewalks while reducing the city's greenhouse gas emissions. After current Democratic Representative for Arizona's 9th congressional district Kyrsten Sinema decided to run for the US Senate in 2018, to replace retiring U.S. Senator Jeff Flake, Stanton – who is term-limited as mayor – decided to run for this seat in the 2018 election. He resigned as Mayor effective May 29, 2018 to focus", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10280983", "chunk_text": "\"David Schweikert\"\nDavid Schweikert David S. Schweikert (born March 3, 1962) is a member of the United States House of Representatives from Arizona, serving since 2011. He is a member of the Republican Party. Schweikert currently represents , which includes most of northern Phoenix as well as Scottsdale, Paradise Valley, and Cave Creek. He previously represented the 5th District from 2011 to 2013. Schweikert previously served two terms in the Arizona State House of Representatives (1991–1994), was chairman of the state Board of Equalization (1995–2004), and was the elected Maricopa County Treasurer (2004–2007). Schweikert ran for the U.S. House of Representatives twice", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2470720", "chunk_text": "\"2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona\"\nfor the United States House of Representatives in Arizona. In addition, the voter turnout and the number of votes not valid are listed below. Democrat Ann Kirkpatrick won election to the House of Representatives in 2012. She faced no formal opposition in the Democratic primary. She had previously served in this district from 2007 to 2009. Adam Kwasman, a Republican member of the Arizona House of Representatives, ran. Also running were rancher Gary Kiehne and Arizona House of Representatives Speaker Andy Tobin. Pinal County Sheriff Paul Babeu briefly ran for the 4th congressional district in 2012, before dropping out after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5920401", "chunk_text": "\"Vernon Parker\"\nVernon Parker Vernon B. Parker (born November 16, 1959) is an American politician. He is a member of the Republican Party. Parker served as the Mayor of Paradise Valley, Arizona from 2008 to 2010 and as a Paradise Valley councilmember. Parker was the Republican nominee in Arizona's 9th congressional district for the 2012 election, although he did not live in the district at the time. Parker was born in Houston, Texas to a poor mother and was eventually sent to live with his grandmother in Long Beach, California. He did well in high school and attended Long Beach Community College.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12805696", "chunk_text": "\"Kirk Adams\"\nKirk Adams Kirk Adams (born February 2, 1973) is a former Republican member of the Arizona House of Representatives, serving as Speaker from 2009 to 2011. Adams serves as Chief of Staff to Governor Doug Ducey, since Ducey's election in 2014. Adams was born in Phoenix, Arizona, and graduated from Mountain View High School in Mesa, Arizona in 1991. Adams served an mission on behalf of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Tonga. Adams was first elected to the Arizona legislature in 2006. During his tenure in the State House, Adams endorsed legislation which resulted in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15981857", "chunk_text": "\"Daniel Hernández Jr.\"\nDaniel Hernández Jr. Daniel Hernández Jr. (born January 25, 1990) is an American politician, who was elected to the Arizona House of Representatives in the 2016 elections. A member of the Arizona Democratic Party, he serves alongside Rosanna Gabaldón in Legislative District 2. Hernandez was born in 1990 to Daniel Hernandez Sr. and Consuelo Quiñones Hernandez, a struggling working class family in Tucson, Arizona. He has two younger sisters, Consuelo and Alma. In 2008 Hernandez volunteered for Hillary Clinton's presidential campaign and for Gabrielle Giffords' re-election campaign. He graduated from Sunnyside High School in 2008 and started at the University", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3320	when did are you smarter than a 5th grader first air?	n/a	[ "February 27, 2007" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11550602", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\nbegan on September 6, 2007, and aired in the same timeslot. Following the end of the original run of the primetime version on September 18, 2009, a first-run syndicated version of the show ran from September 2009 to May 2011, with Foxworthy returning as host. On May 26, 2015, the program returned to Fox for a new, sixth season, with Foxworthy, again, returning as host. The show also airs internationally, and the format has been picked up for local versions in a number of other countries. \"\"5th Grader\"\" games are played by a single contestant, who attempts to answer ten", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13383474", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\nAre You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show) Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? is an American quiz game show that aired on Fox. It is produced by Mark Burnett and is hosted by Jeff Foxworthy. The show premiered as a three-day special which began on February 27, 2007 with the first two shows each a half-hour in length. Regular one-hour episodes began airing Thursdays from March 1 through May 10, and the first season continued with new episodes beginning May 31. \"\"Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?\"\" was picked up for the 2007–08 season, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15953067", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\nto a higher-grade question before attempting at least one question from each lower grade. David Hinckley of the \"\"New York Daily News\"\" gave the revival series' cast a positive review, calling the classmates \"\"terrific... smart, outgoing and funny,\"\" while arguing that Foxworthy \"\"understands how much to showcase them.\"\" The first season of the original series averaged 11.5 million viewers. The 2015 revival premiered on May 26, 2015 to 3.31 million viewers, scoring a 0.8/3 rating/share among adults 18–49. Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show) Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? is an American quiz game", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5226318", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\nseason of this TV program ranked 28th in the Nielsen ratings in the U.S., with an average of 12.7 million viewers per episode. The status of the Fox-TV series following the summer of 2008 was unknown, but the syndicated TV show debuted in late September 2009. Episodes from this series were also broadcast on MyNetworkTV one evening per week, and on the Country Music Television (CMT) channel it was broadcast on five evenings per week. GSN began airing the show November 6, 2011 in five-hour blocks starting at 7:00 p.m. Eastern/6:00 p.m. They currently air \"\"Are You Smarter than a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5226317", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\nAre You Smarter than a 5th Grader? Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? is a game show franchise based on the television game show of the same name. The television show began broadcast on the Fox Broadcasting Company network as a special in the United States and Canada on February 27, 2007, and it grew to be popular enough that a half-hour-long syndicated TV series was developed by the owners. Since then, \"\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\" has been replicated in several other countries, some versions under the same title, and some under modified ones. The first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11550618", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\nepisodes, the consolation prizes are cash donations to the celebrity's favorite charity. In Season 1, there are 10 regular questions before the bonus question. The 3rd grade questions are worth $2,500; 4th grade, $3,500; and 5th grade, $5,000. Season 2 premiered on September 20, 2010. The game was shortened, with the fifth grade questions removed from the main game, reducing the number of questions to eight (plus the 5th-grade bonus question). To compensate, the 3rd and 4th grade questions were increased to $3,500 and $7,500 respectively. In addition, the \"\"Save\"\" was removed, and contestants were no longer allowed to skip", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13383488", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\n2009. This version features a top prize of $250,000 and a tweaked format between the prime time version and the daytime version. On March 24, 2011, the show was canceled along with \"\"Don't Forget the Lyrics!\"\" due to low ratings. Reruns continued on several cable outlets for a year afterward; as of 2018, the reruns air on Light TV. On the syndicated version, each class had three kids in each episode, but there were nine kids who traded off with one another throughout both seasons. The class is as follows: The game play for this version of \"\"5th Grader\"\" is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11550605", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\nbeing pitched, the first episode aired. On November 6, 2014, Fox announced it would revive the series, with a new generation of fifth-graders, to its lineup as part of the summer season of the 2014–15 season. The new season features several changes, including a new panel of six regular fifth-grade students (whose usage & seating positions will rotate per episode), a new \"\"Grade School Giveaway\"\" feature on the $10,000 question, in which a school will win $10,000 towards improvements if the contestant answers their $10,000 question correctly, and the million dollar question is now from the sixth grade. Foxworthy explained", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11550604", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\nfor the U.S. state of Georgia; and George Smoot, winner of the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physics and professor at the University of California, Berkeley. In November 2006 it was pitched as \"\"Do You Remember Grade School?\"\" by Burnett and Zoo Productions to network executives in the form of a six-question quiz; the only network president who was able to win on the quiz was Fox's Peter Liguori. On January 31, 2007, Fox announced that they had picked up the show for an initial six-episode run, and on February 9 Foxworthy was announced as host. Less than eight weeks after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16425165", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (Australian game show)\"\nAre You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (Australian game show) Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? is an Australian quiz show (based on the American show of the same name) produced by Roving Enterprises that debuted on Network Ten on 26 September 2007. It is hosted by popular TV personality Rove McManus. Filming for the show commenced on 11 September 2007 at Global Television Studios in Forest Hill. McManus inspected the United States production (in its second series at the time) of the show while in the United States of America hosting his show \"\"Rove\"\". The children for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5226333", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\n\"\"cheats\"\" by landing symbols on the primary game: Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? is a game show franchise based on the television game show of the same name. The television show began broadcast on the Fox Broadcasting Company network as a special in the United States and Canada on February 27, 2007, and it grew to be popular enough that a half-hour-long syndicated TV series was developed by the owners. Since then, \"\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\" has been replicated in several other countries, some versions under the same", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18006366", "chunk_text": "\"La classe de 5e\"\nLa classe de 5e La classe de 5e (French for \"\"Fifth Grade Class\"\") is a Quebec television game show which premiered on February 5, 2009 on TVA. The show, an adaptation of the U.S. game show \"\"Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?\"\", is hosted by Québécois host and actor Charles Lafortune, who hosted \"\"L'école des fans\"\" and \"\"Le Cercle\"\". The grand prize in this version is C$250,000. All winnings on this version are tax free. The slogan used by the network is \"\"Êtes-vous plus brillant qu'un élève de 5e?\"\", the literal translation for \"\"Are you smarter than a 5th", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4561842", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a Canadian 5th Grader?\"\nvariations in the Canadian version, however: Are You Smarter than a Canadian 5th Grader? Are You Smarter than a Canadian 5th Grader? is a Canadian English television game show, which began airing on October 25, 2007 on Global. The show, based on the U.S. game show \"\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\", was hosted by Canadian comedian Colin Mochrie. Five episodes were produced, and aired Thursdays at 9 p.m. ET. Contestants included a lawyer, a professor, a nuclear engineer amongst others. A veterinarian, Andrew Oster, from Midland, Ontario was the show's biggest winner garnering $300,000 (CDN), tax-free; his prize", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16588169", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a Canadian 5th Grader?\"\nAre You Smarter than a Canadian 5th Grader? Are You Smarter than a Canadian 5th Grader? is a Canadian English television game show, which began airing on October 25, 2007 on Global. The show, based on the U.S. game show \"\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\", was hosted by Canadian comedian Colin Mochrie. Five episodes were produced, and aired Thursdays at 9 p.m. ET. Contestants included a lawyer, a professor, a nuclear engineer amongst others. A veterinarian, Andrew Oster, from Midland, Ontario was the show's biggest winner garnering $300,000 (CDN), tax-free; his prize was the highest sum in Canadian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16588175", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a Canadian 5th Grader?\"\nfor the show was made up of seven Grade 5 students: Katherine, age 10, from Halifax, Nova Scotia; Nathan, 10, from Calgary, Alberta; Michael, 9, from Vancouver, British Columbia; Isiah, 10, from Mississauga, Ontario; Taylor, 10, from Toronto, Ontario; Jacob, 9, from Bedford, Nova Scotia; and Rachel, 9, from Lockport, Manitoba. On the show's fourth episode, Nathan and Rachel relinquished their seats. They were replaced by Elliot from Oakville, Ontario and Shea from Brooklin, Ontario, which is a part of Whitby. Global Television, the network that produced the first season of the show, announced on its website that they are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5226319", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\n5th Grader\"\"? Sunday nights. In 2013, the show appeared in \"\"TV Guide\"\"s list of the 60 greatest game shows ever. Each game is played by a single contestant who earns money incrementally based on a payout ladder by answering simple trivia questions, with the game themed as a school quiz. The game relies on the premise that an adult would not know the information generally taught in elementary grade school, because it is rarely used in adult life by the type of person chosen to be a contestant. Therefore, the show is essentially a test to see how much an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9331594", "chunk_text": "\"Jeff Foxworthy\"\nFoxworthy has also made several ventures into television, starting in the mid-1990s with his own sitcom called \"\"The Jeff Foxworthy Show\"\". He has also appeared alongside Engvall and Larry the Cable Guy in several Blue Collar television specials, most notably \"\"Blue Collar TV\"\". Since 2007, he has been the host of the quiz show \"\"Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?\"\" on Fox (2007–09 and 2015) and in syndication (2009–11). Foxworthy hosted a nationally syndicated radio show called \"\"The Foxworthy Countdown\"\" from April 1999 to December 2009. For three seasons, he hosted GSN's \"\"The American Bible Challenge\"\". Foxworthy was born", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16425167", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (Australian game show)\"\nfive cast members (who are fifth grade students), in answering the questions. Notably, upon getting an answer incorrect or deciding to end the game, the contestant must profess to the camera \"\"My name is [contestants name] and I am not smarter than a fifth grader.\"\". A second season of the show commenced in late 2008. Five new students feature due to the five original students being no longer able to feature because they had advanced to grade six. An additional change will be the addition of celebrity contestants playing for charity alongside regular contestants. On 10 November 2008, it was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9582973", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (Australian game show)\"\nisland is Mawson Peak located?\"\". Brown didn't know the answer and was glad to have taken the money. The correct answer was Heard Island. Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (Australian game show) Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? is an Australian quiz show (based on the American show of the same name) produced by Roving Enterprises that debuted on Network Ten on 26 September 2007. It is hosted by popular TV personality Rove McManus. Filming for the show commenced on 11 September 2007 at Global Television Studios in Forest Hill. McManus inspected the United States production (in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5226330", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\nOctober 26, 2009 for Nintendo DS, Wii and Xbox 360. Capcom Mobile released a game based on the game show for iOS devices called \"\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader 2010\"\" in 2009. In 2012, Ludia released a free game based on the game show called \"\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? & Friends\"\" for iOS devices. In 2015, GameMill Entertainment released a game based on the 2015 FOX Primetime revival for the Nintendo 3DS. Parker Brothers released a DVD game based on the show. Unlike the show, the player can only pick one classmate for the whole", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6921841", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (Hong Kong game show)\"\nAre You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (Hong Kong game show) The Hong Kong version of Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (Traditional Chinese: 係咪小兒科, literally translated \"\"is it child's play?\"\") was produced by TVB from 2008 to 2009. This show was based on the American show of the same name. It is hosted by Leo Ku and narrated by . The first season started on October 25, 2008 and ended on April 25, 2009. The second season aired between October 5, 2009 and November 16, 2009. The format is based on the original 2007-09 United States version (not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8546452", "chunk_text": "\"Broadcast syndication\"\nof \"\"Deal or No Deal\"\" (which featured certain elements that differed from the show's franchised format, most notably with prospective players instead of models holding briefcases that held the monetary amounts) and of the popular board game \"\"Trivial Pursuit\"\". While \"\"Deal\"\" caught on and was renewed for the 2009–2010 season, \"\"\"\" suffered low ratings throughout its run and was canceled. For the 2009–2010 season, the Fox game show \"\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\" moved to syndication with a new, less expensive format. \"\"Don't Forget the Lyrics!\"\" followed for the 2010–2011 season. \"\"Deal\"\", suffering from falling ratings, was canceled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8749104", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\ncomputer lab, courtesy of the show. \"\"Field Trip\"\" questions, introduced in the third season, feature a video clip of a National Geographic Channel correspondent asking the question from an appropriate location somewhere in the world. On the sixth season, the $10,000 question will also reward $10,000 to a grade school (connected to the studio via Skype) towards refurbishments and improvements if the contestant answers correctly. Each season, a new group of children are cast to appear as the \"\"classmates\"\" on the show. Any child cast must be \"\"smart, funny, and outgoing\"\", and must actually be in the 5th grade (age", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4678335", "chunk_text": "\"Education Station\"\nwas \"\"gooped,\"\" which means a bucket of slime was dumped on team members' heads, or the team members received a pie in the face. Other aspects of the show include rolling the \"\"dice of doom,\"\" \"\"spill the beans\"\" or \"\"silly noodle.\"\" Education Station Education Station is a 2010 American television game show that was aired on Trinity Broadcasting Network. It was taped in Carnegie, Pennsylvania. The show is similar to Fox's \"\"Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?\"\", but geared toward Christian educational entertainment. Produced by Greg Robbins, CEO of Uplifting Entertainment, \"\"Education Station\"\" is one of 11 television series", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10776582", "chunk_text": "\"Noel Edmonds\"\nA Winner!\"\" celebrating National Lottery \"\"good causes\"\". The programme was broadcast on 23 September 2006. Edmonds had in fact presented the very first National Lottery in 1994 before handing over to Anthea Turner and Gordon Kennedy. On 24 May 2007 Sky One announced that Edmonds would host the UK version of the American hit \"\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\", titled \"\"Are You Smarter than a 10 Year Old?\"\". The programme made its debut on Sky One on 7 October 2007, at 6.00 pm. Edmonds hosted the peak-time showing of the programme, with the daily programme being presented by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "579250", "chunk_text": "\"Kakasa Ka Ba sa Grade 5?\"\nratings, the final episode of \"\"Kakasa Ka Ba sa Grade 5?\"\" scored a 21.2% rating. Kakasa Ka Ba sa Grade 5? Kakasa Ka Ba sa Grade 5? () is Philippine television game show broadcast by GMA Network. The show is the Philippine version of \"\"Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?\"\". Hosted by Janno Gibbs, it premiered on October 27, 2007. The first season concluded on March 29, 2008. It was replaced by \"\"Pinoy Idol\"\" on its timeslot. The show returned for its second season on November 8, 2008 replacing \"\"\"\". The show concluded on May 9, 2009 with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4806149", "chunk_text": "\"Colin Mochrie\"\nfirst of five episodes aired on October 25, 2007. As a result, Mochrie became the fifth member of the American \"\"Whose Line?\"\" cast to become a game show host, after colleagues Brad Sherwood (\"\"The Dating Game\"\" and \"\"The Big Moment\"\"), Greg Proops (\"\"VS.\"\", \"\"Head Games\"\" and \"\"Rendez-View\"\"), Wayne Brady (\"\"Don't Forget the Lyrics! and Let's Make A Deal\"\"), and Drew Carey (\"\"Power of 10\"\" and \"\"The Price Is Right\"\"). Mochrie hosted the only season, consisting of five episodes, of Are You Smarter than a Canadian 5th Grader?, which began airing on October 25, 2007. The image of Mochrie's face is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11550607", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\nThe player can answer the questions in any order, and each correct answer raises their cumulative amount of winnings to the next level (see table at right); after answering the fifth question correctly, they are guaranteed to leave with at least $25,000. If the player correctly answers the first ten questions, they are given the opportunity to answer a fifth-grade bonus question (sixth-grade in the 2015 revival) worth $1,000,000. Five fifth graders (some of whom are also professional child actors) appear on each show and play along on stage – in general, each episode in a season has the same", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11550611", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\nthe contestant wins the million, they will have the opportunity to declare to the camera \"\"I am smarter than a 5th grader!\"\" However, if at any point during the game the player drops out or flunks out, they must face the camera, state their name, and declare \"\"I am not smarter than a 5th grader.\"\" \"\"Classroom Club\"\" questions were introduced into the game at the beginning of the second season. These questions are written by elementary school students, who submit them via the show's Web site. When one is used, the school of the student who wrote it receives a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5226329", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\nHowever, if the million dollar question is answered correctly (which has only happened twice), the contestant has the opportunity to claim, \"\"I am smarter than a fifth grader.\"\" The show has spawned many versions around the world: On October 20, 2008, developer THQ released the first video game, titled \"\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?: Make the Grade\"\", for the PC, PS2, Nintendo DS, Wii, and Xbox Live Arcade. The Xbox Live Arcade version as of mid-2010 was delisted from the Xbox Live Game Marketplace. A sequel \"\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? Game Time\"\" was released on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5226324", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\ncorrectly (Federalist). However, his winnings of $500,000 were enough to regain the all-time game show winnings record from Brad Rutter, who had defeated him in the Jeopardy! Ultimate Tournament of Champions to claim it (but Brad Rutter since reclaimed the title by winning in the Jeopardy! 2014 Battle of the Decades, where Rutter won the tournament, prize money of one million dollars, and the record as the highest money-winner ever on American game shows, which Jennings had held since 2008). Seven other contestants have also dropped out at the million-dollar question. There were five \"\"classmates\"\" (three since season 5) in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11550606", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\nthat the revival was the result of a conversation he had over dinner with Mark Burnett the previous year, in which he considered \"\"5th Grader\"\" to be his favorite television role. When Fox approached him later in 2014 about reviving the series, he accepted the role with little hesitation. In each game, the contestant (an adult) is asked a series of eleven questions, spanning ten subjects (such as Animal Science, Spelling or Math) taken from textbooks for first through fifth grade students. Each question is associated with a grade level; there are two questions per grade, from first to fifth.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10527538", "chunk_text": "\"Jeff Foxworthy\"\ntalk show \"\"Space Ghost Coast to Coast\"\", where he attempts to explain his famous “You might be a Redneck” joke to Space Ghost, yet fails entirely. Throughout the episode, Space Ghost, Zorak and Moltar are taking the Ghost Planet to the US, with plans to make it the 51st state. By the end of the episode Foxworthy is sent to “The Box”. He hosted \"\"Are You Smarter than A 5th Grader?\"\" on Fox in prime time. He hosted the syndicated version of the series from September 21, 2009 until its cancellation on March 24, 2011. It was announced that Foxworthy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13383486", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\n9, 10 or 11) during the television season finales. Contestants who make it through the auditioning process are required to sign a one-year contract stating that they will not tell anybody how much money they make, and that they cannot tell or release any information about the actual auditioning process, such as the number of screening processes, the questions asked by the auditioners, and the actual credit for being accepted onto the show. During every classmate's final appearance on the show (\"\"Graduation Night\"\"), each classmate receives a $25,000 savings bond. Beginning in season 2, many celebrities played the game and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16425168", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (Australian game show)\"\nannounced that a third season of \"\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\" would be produced and aired in 2009. The first episode screened on Monday 27 July 2009. In each game, the contestant is asked a series of eleven questions taken from textbooks from first through fifth grade curricula. Each contestant is given ten subjects to choose from (such as Spelling, Maths or Social Studies), each of which is associated with a grade level; there are two questions per grade, from first to fifth. In 2008, this changed to one 1st & 2nd grade question, two 3rd grade questions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13383487", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\ndonated their winnings to the charity of their choice. Of these celebrities, Gene Simmons was the most successful, winning $500,000 for Glazer Pediatrics AIDS Foundation. In addition to these celebrities, former \"\"Jeopardy!\"\" champion Ken Jennings and Nobel Prize winner George Smoot, both of whom were playing on their own behalf, won $500,000 and $1,000,000 respectively. Jennings's stint on the show helped propel him back into the lead for the most money won on game shows by one person in the United States. A half-hour daily syndicated version of the show, also with Foxworthy as host, began airing on September 21,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5226323", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\nTyler Hammons, appeared on October 24, 2008, winning $25,000 for his charity after missing the question \"\"What's the name of the first American woman to travel to outer space?\"\". Unsure of the correct answer (which is Sally Ride), he \"\"copied\"\" the 5th-grader's answer, which was wrong. Ken Jennings could have become the second person to win the million dollars but he decided not to go for the Social Studies million-dollar question (\"\"U.S. President John Adams was a member of what political party at the time of his election?\"\"). Upon seeing the question after dropping out of school, he answered it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "579244", "chunk_text": "\"Kakasa Ka Ba sa Grade 5?\"\nKakasa Ka Ba sa Grade 5? Kakasa Ka Ba sa Grade 5? () is Philippine television game show broadcast by GMA Network. The show is the Philippine version of \"\"Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?\"\". Hosted by Janno Gibbs, it premiered on October 27, 2007. The first season concluded on March 29, 2008. It was replaced by \"\"Pinoy Idol\"\" on its timeslot. The show returned for its second season on November 8, 2008 replacing \"\"\"\". The show concluded on May 9, 2009 with a total of 47 episodes. It was replaced by \"\"Are You the Next Big Star?\"\" in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6981641", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (Chinese game show)\"\nAre You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (Chinese game show) The Chinese version of Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? began in 2007 as the project of at least six television stations: Hunan Economic TV Station, China Central Television, Shenzhen TV, Tianjin Television, China Shaanxi TV Station and Guangdong TV. 5th Grade Rescue Team (Simplified Chinese: 五年级救助队) is produced by Hunan Economic TV Station for 7 consecutive days during the \"\"Golden Week\"\" started from the Labour Day in 2007. The host was Wang Han (). The tagline of the show is \"\"谁比5年级学生更聪明\"\" (who is smarter than a 5th grader?).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16744383", "chunk_text": "\"Amy Yasbeck\"\nas the mother of one of the main characters, Chelsea. The episode originally aired on September 22, 2006. In late 2007, plans surfaced of a potential \"\"That's So Raven\"\" spin-off featuring Yasbeck and Anneliese van der Pol, who portrayed her daughter, with occasional appearances by Raven-Symoné. The show was scrapped due to van der Pol signing onto a new Broadway play, and Yasbeck wanting to take a break from acting to focus on her family. She was a contestant on the syndicated version of \"\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\" in 2010. Yasbeck is the widow of actor John", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11550616", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\nsimilar to the original Fox network version. Games are played by a single contestant, who attempts to answer eight questions plus one final 5th grade bonus question with the assistance of one of three 5th grade classmates (instead of five on the network version), who vary each week. In addition, each classmate can be used for up to three questions (as opposed to two on the network version). Contestants are required to attempt all questions, and do not flunk out simply by answering a question incorrectly, instead losing all money earned to that point. If a player has any money", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6981648", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (Chinese game show)\"\n(save). New 5th Grader (Simplified Chinese: 五年级插班生) is produced by Guangdong TV. The host is He Haopeng (何浩鹏). The top prize is 100,000 Renminbi (about US$14,600). The three \"\"cheats\"\" are \"\"出猫\"\" (peek), \"\"开卷\"\" (copy) and \"\"补考\"\" (save). The show ended on February 28, 2009 and replaced by \"\"Power of 10\"\" (also hosted by He Haopeng) on the next day. The second series of the show, called New 5th Grader: Smart Family (Simplified Chinese: 五年级插班生之智叻家庭), was premiered on October 31, 2009 and the host is Song Jiaqi (宋嘉其). The top prize is 50,000 Renminbi (about US$7,300). Four families participate in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15639433", "chunk_text": "\"Smart Guy\"\nSmart Guy Smart Guy is an American sitcom centering on the exploits of child genius T.J. Henderson (Tahj Mowry), who moves from being an elementary school student in the fourth grade to a high school student in the tenth grade, attending the same school as his two elder siblings Yvette and Marcus. Created by Danny Kallis, the series ran for three seasons on The WB from April 2, 1997 to May 16, 1999. The series was produced by de Passe Entertainment and Danny Kallis Productions, in association with Walt Disney Television. Set in Washington, D.C., the show centers on the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11652184", "chunk_text": "\"Rove McManus\"\nin the industry that he might quit television for good. He returned, however, in the competitive Sunday 8.30 pm timeslot on 1 April 2007 with a major format overhaul, including renaming the show to simply \"\"Rove\"\". \"\"Rove\"\" scored its highest ever audience of 1.69 million viewers. In September 2007, McManus made his debut as a game show host in the Australian version of the US game show \"\"Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?\"\". On 2 May 2007, 25 July 2007, and 29 October 2008, McManus appeared as a guest on NBC's \"\"The Tonight Show with Jay Leno\"\" and as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9582971", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (Australian game show)\"\nnot smarter than a 5th grader.\"\" However, if the $500,000 question is answered correctly, the contestant has the opportunity to claim, \"\"I am smarter than a fifth grader.\"\" The highest amount which has been won on the show was during the finale of the first season, when Shelly McClean won A$250,000. She decided to \"\"drop out\"\" after seeing the topic (Myths and Legends) of the $500,000 question. She proudly proclaimed that she is not smarter than a fifth grader, but richer. This was equaled by Sarah Carlin-Smith on the first episode of the second season and Dr. Chris Brown in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20444875", "chunk_text": "\"Kakasa Ka Ba sa Grade 5?\"\nits timeslot. The show is announced under the proposed title \"\"Are You Smarter Than a Fifth Grader?: Pinoy Edition\"\" after the network acquired the format from Mark Burnett International. The acquisition came as GMA's sister network Q started airing the American version. The title of the Philippine version came later. For two episodes in March 2009, Mo Twister temporarily took over the hosting plum for the show after Gibbs called in sick. Rules are roughly the same as the original US version, down the composition of the classroom (although comparatively smaller) and the theme song. The Philippine version also has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4573849", "chunk_text": "\"Star Jones\"\njudge in \"\"Drop Dead Diva\"\" in August 2012. She has also served as a legal analyst for \"\"The Insider\"\" and \"\"Dr. Phil\"\", and often appears on \"\"The Wendy Williams Show\"\". On July 17, 2009, Jones appeared on a celebrity version of \"\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\", during which she won $25,000 to benefit The East Harlem School at Exodus House, a New York City middle school for underserved populations. Jones was also a contestant on the fourth season of \"\"The Celebrity Apprentice\"\". She placed fifth on the show, eliminated after her brand messaging efforts in a TV commercial", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11550603", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show)\"\nquestions (plus a final bonus question). Content is taken from elementary school textbooks, two from each grade level from first to fifth. Each correct answer increases the amount of money the player banks; a maximum cash prize of $1,000,000 can be won. Along the way, contestants can be assisted by a \"\"classmate\"\", one of five school-age cast members, in answering the questions. Notably, upon getting an answer incorrect or deciding to prematurely end the game, contestants must state that they are \"\"not smarter than a 5th grader.\"\" Two people have won the $1,000,000 prize: Kathy Cox, superintendent of public schools", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18049360", "chunk_text": "\"Are You Smarter than a 10 Year Old? (New Zealand game show)\"\nAre You Smarter than a 10 Year Old? (New Zealand game show) Are You Smarter than a 10 Year Old? is a New Zealand game show broadcast on the TV2 channel. It is based on the American game show \"\"Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?\"\". The show premiered on 9 September 2007, and ended on 25 November 2007. In each game, the contestant (an adult) is asked a series of eleven questions, spanning ten subjects (such as Human Sciences, Maths or Literacy) taken from textbooks for year 2 through year 6 students. Each question is associated with a year", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4678334", "chunk_text": "\"Education Station\"\nEducation Station Education Station is a 2010 American television game show that was aired on Trinity Broadcasting Network. It was taped in Carnegie, Pennsylvania. The show is similar to Fox's \"\"Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?\"\", but geared toward Christian educational entertainment. Produced by Greg Robbins, CEO of Uplifting Entertainment, \"\"Education Station\"\" is one of 11 television series created by the company since its 1999 foundation. The show features four rounds of multiple choice questions from categories including English, Math, Science, History and the Bible. Teams of two faced off and any time a team lost a round, it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3321	leader of carthage in the first punic war?	n/a	[ "Hanno the Great", "Xanthippus", "Hasdrubal the Fair", "Hamilcar Barca" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522873", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nFirst Punic War The First Punic War (264 to 241 BC) was the first of three wars fought between Ancient Carthage and the Roman Republic, the two great powers of the Western Mediterranean. For 23 years, in the longest continuous conflict and greatest naval war of antiquity, the two powers struggled for supremacy, primarily on the Mediterranean island of Sicily and its surrounding waters, and also in North Africa. The war began in 264 BC with the Roman conquest of the Carthaginian-controlled city of Messina in Sicily, granting Rome a military foothold on the island. The Romans built up a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11192931", "chunk_text": "Hannibal\nHannibal Hannibal Barca (; 247 – between 183 and 181 BC) was a Carthaginian general, considered one of the greatest military commanders in history. His father Hamilcar Barca was the leading Carthaginian commander during the First Punic War. His younger brothers were Mago and Hasdrubal, and he was brother-in-law to Hasdrubal the Fair. Hannibal lived during a period of great tension in the western Mediterranean Basin, when the Roman Republic established its supremacy over other great powers such as ancient Carthage, the Etruscans, the Samnites, and the Greek kingdom of Syracuse. One of his most famous achievements was at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522874", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nnavy to challenge Carthage, the greatest naval power in the Mediterranean, for control over the waters around Sicily. In naval battles and storms, 700 Roman and 500 Carthaginian quinqueremes were lost, along with hundreds of thousands of lives. Command of the sea was won and lost by both sides repeatedly. A Roman invasion of Carthaginian Africa was destroyed in battle at the Bagradas and the Roman consul Marcus Atilius Regulus was captured by the Carthaginians in 255. In 23 years, the Romans slowly conquered Sicily and drove the Carthaginians to the west end of the island. After both sides had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4666402", "chunk_text": "Carthage\nthe Third Punic War in 146 BC at the Battle of Carthage. Despite initial devastating Roman naval losses and Rome's recovery from the brink of defeat after the terror of a 15-year occupation of much of Italy by Hannibal, the end of the series of wars resulted in the end of Carthaginian power and the complete destruction of the city by Scipio Aemilianus. The Romans pulled the Phoenician warships out into the harbor and burned them before the city, and went from house to house, capturing and enslaving the people. About 50,000 Carthaginians were sold into slavery. The city was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20220734", "chunk_text": "Autaritus\nAutaritus Autaritus (died 238 BCE) was a leader of Gallic mercenaries in the Carthaginian army during the First Punic War. With his men Autaritus fought in 262 BCE at the Battle of Agrigentum and remained loyal to Carthage when his countrymen defected \"\"en masse\"\" to the Romans. After his return to Africa he was one of the leaders of the mercenaries rebelling against Carthage in the Mercenary War of 240. With Autaritus' gifts as an orator, and his passable command of Phoenician, he incited his men to particular savagery, and was the instigator of the massacre of the Carthaginian commander", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6419944", "chunk_text": "\"Military of Carthage\"\nseeking battles on open plains, Xanthippus was able to make the fullest use of Carthage's strengths, where Roman formations broke under attack from the elephant and cavalry charges. Under the leadership of Xanthippus, the reformed Carthaginian army completely defeated the Romans at the Battle of Tunis. In 247 BC, after eighteen years of fighting in the First Punic War, the Carthaginian Senate appointed Hamilcar Barca to assume command of Carthage's land and naval forces in the struggle against the Roman Republic. Though Carthage dominated the sea following its victory in the Battle of Drepanum in 249 BC, Rome controlled Sicily.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522894", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nbehind, or from the side. The \"\"corvus\"\" was usually still able to pivot and grapple most oncoming ships. After a further 20 Carthaginian ships had been hooked and lost to the Romans, Hannibal Gisco retreated with his surviving ships, leaving Duilius with a clear victory. Instead of pursuing the remaining Carthaginians, Duilius sailed to Sicily to relieve the city of Segesta, which had been under siege from the Carthaginian infantry commander Hamilcar. Modern historians have wondered at Duilius’ decision not to immediately follow up with another naval attack, but Hannibal Gisco’s remaining 80 ships were probably still too strong for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522904", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nsuperiority. At this point (247 BC), Carthage sent general Hamilcar Barca (Hannibal's father) to Sicily. His landing at Heirkte (near Panormus) drew the Romans away to defend that port city and resupply point and gave Drepana some breathing room. Subsequent guerrilla warfare kept the Roman legions pinned down and preserved Carthage's toehold in Sicily, although Roman forces which bypassed Hamilcar forced him to relocate to Eryx, to better defend Drepana. Perhaps in response to Hamilcar's raids, Rome built another fleet (paid for by donations from wealthy citizens). It was this fleet that rendered the Carthaginian success in Sicily futile, as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16385368", "chunk_text": "\"Hannibal Gisco\"\nHannibal Gisco Hannibal Gisco (, ; –258BC) was a Carthaginian military commander in charge of both land armies and naval fleets during the First Punic War against Rome. His efforts proved ultimately unsuccessful and his eventual defeat in battle led to his downfall and execution. The details of Hannibal Gisco's early life and career are unknown. Hannibal Gisco's first appearance in the sources is in 262 BC, as the general in command of the garrison besieged by the Romans in Agrigentum. Despite the tenacity shown by Gisco and his men for months and the arrival of reinforcements led by Hanno,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20636018", "chunk_text": "\"Ancient Carthage\"\nthe Strait of Messina, and demonstrated a clear and present danger to nearby Rome and her interests. As a result, the Roman Assembly, although reluctant to ally with a band of mercenaries, sent an expeditionary force to return control of Messana to the Mamertines. The Roman attack on the Carthaginian forces at Messana triggered the first of the Punic Wars. Over the course of the next century, these three major conflicts between Rome and Carthage would determine the course of Western civilization. The wars included a Carthaginian invasion led by Hannibal Barca, which nearly prevented the rise of the Roman", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522911", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nwithin the territory of the other. This denied the Carthaginians access to any mercenary manpower from Italy and most of Sicily, although this later clause was temporarily abolished during the Mercenary War. In the aftermath of the war, Carthage had insufficient state funds. Hanno the Great tried to induce the disbanded armies to accept diminished payment, but kindled a movement that led to an internal conflict, the Mercenary War. After a hard struggle from the combined efforts of Hamilcar Barca, Hanno the Great and others, the Punic forces were finally able to annihilate the mercenaries and the insurgents. However, during", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4666373", "chunk_text": "Carthage\nCarthage Carthage (; , \"\"\"\", \"\"New City\"\"; ; , \"\"Qarṭāj\"\") was the center or capital city of the ancient Carthaginian civilization, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now the Tunis Governorate in Tunisia. The city developed from a Phoenician colony into the capital of a Punic empire dominating the Mediterranean during the first millennium BC. The legendary Queen Dido is regarded as the founder of the city, though her historicity has been questioned. According to accounts by Timaeus of Tauromenium, she purchased from a local tribe the amount of land that could be covered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11509065", "chunk_text": "\"Xanthippus of Carthage\"\nXanthippus of Carthage Xanthippus was a Spartan mercenary general hired by the Carthaginians to aid in their war against the Romans during the First Punic War. He trained Carthaginian soldiers and led them into the Battle of Tunis, where Carthaginian forces routed the Roman expeditionary force and captured the Roman consul Marcus Atilius Regulus in 255 BC. Xanthippus is credited with the Carthaginian formation, cavalry split between the two wings, mercenary infantry on their right, with a hastily raised phalanx of civilians in the centre and a line of elephants in front of the infantry, which defeated the Romans formed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11669141", "chunk_text": "\"Mercenary War\"\noutmatched in terms of troops, money, and supplies, an unprepared Carthage fared poorly in the initial engagements of the war, especially under the generalship of Hanno the Great. Hamilcar Barca, general from the campaigns in Sicily and father of Hannibal Barca, was given supreme command, and eventually defeated the rebels in 237 BC. In 241 BC the First Punic War between Rome and Carthage came to an end with Carthaginian defeat. As part of the terms of the treaty, Rome demanded that Carthage give up \"\"all islands lying between Sicily and Italy\"\", immediately pay Rome a sum of 1,000 talents", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522899", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nThe Siege of Aspis (or Clupea) was the first fighting on African land during the war. Regulus was next victorious at the Battle of Adys, forcing Carthage to sue for peace. According to Polybius, the terms suggested were so heavy that Carthage decided they would be better off not under Roman rule. The negotiations failed but fortunately, for the Carthaginians, Xanthippus, a Spartan mercenary, returned to Carthage to reorganise its army. Xanthippus defeated the Roman army and captured Regulus at the Battle of Tunis, and then managed to cut off what remained of the Roman army from its base by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522876", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nin violation of the peace treaty. The unresolved strategic competition between Rome and Carthage would lead to the eruption of the Second Punic War in 218 BC. The series of wars between Rome and Carthage took the name \"\"Punic\"\" from the Latin adjective for Carthaginian, \"\"Punicus\"\". This is derived from \"\"Poeni\"\" (Carthaginians) and refers to the Carthaginian heritage as Phoenician colonists. A Carthaginian name(s) for the conflicts does not survive in any records. Rome had recently emerged as the leading city-state in the Italian Peninsula, a wealthy, powerful, expansionist republic with a successful citizen army. Over the past one hundred", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "58182", "chunk_text": "Carthage\non agriculture written by Mago of Carthage survives only via quotations in Latin from several later Roman works. Carthage Carthage (; , \"\"\"\", \"\"New City\"\"; ; , \"\"Qarṭāj\"\") was the center or capital city of the ancient Carthaginian civilization, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now the Tunis Governorate in Tunisia. The city developed from a Phoenician colony into the capital of a Punic empire dominating the Mediterranean during the first millennium BC. The legendary Queen Dido is regarded as the founder of the city, though her historicity has been questioned. According to accounts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "58169", "chunk_text": "Carthage\nfabric. Carthage was very stable; there were few openings for tyrants. Only after defeat by Rome devastated Punic imperial ambitions did the people of Carthage seem to question their governance and to show interest in political reform. In 196, following the Second Punic War (218–201), Hannibal Barca, still greatly admired as a Barcid military leader, was elected suffet. When his reforms were blocked by a financial official about to become a judge for life, Hannibal rallied the populace against the 104 judges. He proposed a one-year term for the 104, as part of a major civic overhaul. Additionally, the reform", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14194329", "chunk_text": "\"Second Punic War\"\noverthrew the established balance of power of the ancient world and Rome rose to become the dominant power in the Mediterranean Basin for the next 600 years. Carthage's defeat in the First Punic War meant the loss of Carthaginian Sicily to Rome under the terms of the Roman-dictated 241 BC Treaty of Lutatius. Rome exploited Carthage's distraction during the Truceless War against rebellious mercenaries and Libyan subjects to break the peace treaty and annex Carthaginian Sardinia and Corsica to Rome in 238 BC. Under the leadership of Hamilcar Barca and his family, Carthage defeated the rebels and began the Barcid", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522878", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nmilitary and economic affairs of the western Mediterranean Sea, especially on the North African coasts and islands, and above all, due to its navy. It originated as a Phoenician colony in Africa, near modern Tunis. Carthage had become a wealthy centre for trade networks extending from Gadir (Cádiz) along the coasts of southern Iberia and North Africa, across the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia, and the western half of Sicily, to the ports of the eastern Mediterranean, including Tyre, its mother city, on the shores of the Levant. At the height of power, just before the First Punic War, Carthage was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4934295", "chunk_text": "\"Punic Wars\"\na new low point. After Carthage emerged victorious from the Mercenary War there were two opposing factions: the reformist party was led by Hamilcar Barca while the other, more conservative, faction was represented by Hanno the Great and the old Carthaginian aristocracy. Hamilcar had led the initial Carthaginian peace negotiations and was blamed for the clause that allowed the Roman popular assembly to increase the war indemnity and annex Corsica and Sardinia, but his superlative generalship was instrumental in enabling Carthage to ultimately quell the mercenary uprising, ironically fought against many of the same mercenary troops he had trained. Hamilcar", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6419941", "chunk_text": "\"Military of Carthage\"\nHanno the Navigator in 480 BC, Carthage regularly began employing Iberian infantry and Balearic slingers to support Carthaginian spearmen in Sicily, a practice that would continue until the destruction of Carthage in 146 BC. Punic recruiters toured all corners of the Mediterranean, attracting mercenaries and fugitive slaves. Gauls, Ligurians, Numidians, Libyans, Greeks, and especially Iberians. were extensively recruited by Carthage. Troops were recruited both by simple monetary contracts and through partnerships established through treaties with other states and tribes. In 256 BC, during the First Punic War with the Roman Republic for domination over Sicily, the Roman Consul Marcus Atilius", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522914", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nfirst Roman province (Sicilia) governed by a former praetor, instead of an ally. Sicily would become very important to Rome as a source of grain. Importantly, Syracuse was granted nominal independent ally status for the lifetime of Hiero II, and was not incorporated into the Roman province of Sicily until after it was sacked by Marcus Claudius Marcellus during the Second Punic War. First Punic War The First Punic War (264 to 241 BC) was the first of three wars fought between Ancient Carthage and the Roman Republic, the two great powers of the Western Mediterranean. For 23 years, in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522885", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nat Messana in 264 BC. According to Polybius, despite the Carthaginian pre-war naval advantage, the Roman landing was virtually unopposed. Two legions commanded by Appius Claudius Caudex disembarked at Messana, where the Mamertines had expelled the Carthaginian garrison commanded by Hanno (no relation to Hanno the Great). After defeating the Syracusan and Carthaginian forces besieging Messana, the Romans marched south and in turn besieged Syracuse. After a brief siege, with no Carthaginian help in sight, Syracuse made peace with the Romans. According to the terms of the treaty, Syracuse would become a Roman ally, pay a somewhat light indemnity of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522903", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nat Drepana, forcing the Romans to continue their attacks from land. Roman forces at Lilybaeum were relieved, and Eryx, near Drepana, was seized thus menacing that important city as well. Following the conclusive naval victory off Drepana in 249 BC, Carthage ruled the seas as Rome was unwilling to finance the construction of yet another expensive fleet. Nevertheless, the Carthaginian faction that opposed the conflict, led by the land-owning aristocrat Hanno the Great, gained power and in 244 BC, considering the war to be over, started the demobilisation of the fleet, giving the Romans a chance to again attain naval", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522892", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nthe bridge, and send legionaries across as boarding parties. The new weapon would prove its worth in the Battle of Mylae, the first Roman naval victory, and would continue to do so in the following years, especially in the huge Battle of Cape Ecnomus. The addition of the \"\"corvus\"\" forced Carthage to review its military tactics, and since the city had difficulty in doing so, Rome had the naval advantage. The Roman fleet, under the command of Gaius Duilius, engaged the Carthaginians, under general Hannibal Gisco, off northern Mylae in 260 BC. Polybius states that the Carthaginians had 130 ships,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522880", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nindependent of Rome and Carthage. Hostilities of the First Punic War began with developments involving the Romans, Carthaginians, and Greek colonists in Sicily and southern Italy. In 288 BC, the Mamertines, a group of Italian (Campanian) mercenaries originally hired by Agathocles of Syracuse, occupied the city of Messana (modern Messina) in the north-eastern tip of Sicily, killing all the men and taking the women as their wives. At the same time, a group of Roman troops made up of Campanian \"\"citizens without the vote\"\" revolted and seized control of Rhegium, lying across the Straits of Messina on the mainland of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522895", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nRome to conquer. The Roman advance now continued westward from Agrigentum to relieve the besieged city of Macella in 260 BC, which had sided with Rome and was attacked by the Carthaginians for doing so. In the north, the Romans, with their northern sea flank secured by their naval victory at the Battle of Mylae, advanced toward Thermae. They were defeated there by the Carthaginians under Hamilcar (a popular Carthaginian name, not to be confused with Hannibal Barca's father, with the same name) in 260 BC. The Carthaginians took advantage of this victory by counter-attacking, in 259 BC, and seizing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522913", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nowed to Rome, turned its attention to Iberia; and in 237 BC, the Carthaginians, led by Hamilcar Barca, began a series of campaigns to expand their control over the peninsula. Though Hamilcar was killed in 229 BC, the offensive continued with the Carthaginians extending their power towards the Ebro valley and founding \"\"New Carthage\"\" in 228 BC. When Carthage besieged the Roman protected town of Saguntum in 218 BC, it ignited the Second Punic War with Rome. As for Rome, the end of the First Punic War marked the start of Rome's expansion beyond the Italian Peninsula. Sicily became the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7684816", "chunk_text": "\"Hamilcar (Drepanum)\"\nof the largest naval battles in antiquity, with the loss of 94 ships, to the Romans' 24. After the Roman invasion of Africa, Hamilcar was recalled by Carthage from Sicily. He was defeated at the Battle of Adys in 255 BC by Marcus Atilius Regulus. Hamilcar (Drepanum) Hamilcar (, ) was a general who succeeded to the command of the Carthaginians in the First Punic War. He defeated Rome's allies at the Battle of Thermae in 259 BC and killed 4,000–6,000 of them with the help of surprise and good use of military intelligence. He then captured the towns of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13414177", "chunk_text": "\"Battle of Panormus\"\nBattle of Panormus The Battle of Panormus was fought in 251 BC between a Roman consular army led by Lucius Caecilius Metellus and Carthaginians led by Hasdrubal during the First Punic War. The resulting Roman victory allowed for Panormus to remain in Roman control for the remainder of the war. Towards the end of 252 BC or early 251 BC, Carthage had put down a Libyan revolt in Africa and sent an army under the command of Hasdrubal, son of Hanno the Great, to Sicily. Hasdrubal was present at the Battle of Tunis, along with the Greek mercenary general Xanthippus,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522875", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nbeen brought to a state of near exhaustion, the Romans mobilized their citizenry's private wealth and created a new fleet under consul Gaius Lutatius Catulus. The Carthaginian fleet was destroyed at the Aegates Islands in 241, forcing the cut-off Carthaginian troops on Sicily to give up. A peace treaty was signed in which Carthage was made to pay a heavy indemnity and Rome ejected Carthage from Sicily, annexing the island as a Roman province. The war was followed by a failed revolt against the Carthaginian Empire. The Romans exploited Carthage's weakness to seize the Carthaginian possessions of Sardinia and Corsica", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16385371", "chunk_text": "\"Hannibal Gisco\"\nfall from favor lasted not very long. In 258, he was sent to Sardinia, which he had to defend against the Romans. However, he was no match for the Roman commander Gaius Sulpicius Paterculus, who defeated him. Having lost the confidence of his peers, Hannibal Gisco was subsequently executed for incompetence shortly afterwards, together with other defeated Punic generals. According to some references he was crucified by his own men. Hannibal Gisco Hannibal Gisco (, ; –258BC) was a Carthaginian military commander in charge of both land armies and naval fleets during the First Punic War against Rome. His efforts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522905", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nthe stalemate Hamilcar produced in Sicily became irrelevant following the Roman naval victory at the Battle of the Aegates Islands in 241 BC, where the new Roman fleet under consul Gaius Lutatius Catulus was victorious over an undermanned and hastily built Carthaginian fleet. Carthage lost most of its fleet and was economically incapable of funding another, or of finding manpower for the crews. Without naval support, Hamilcar Barca was cut off from Carthage and forced to negotiate peace and agree to evacuate Sicily. It should be noted that Hamilcar Barca had a subordinate named Gesco conduct the negotiations with Lutatius,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5496077", "chunk_text": "\"Hamilcar (Drepanum)\"\nHamilcar (Drepanum) Hamilcar (, ) was a general who succeeded to the command of the Carthaginians in the First Punic War. He defeated Rome's allies at the Battle of Thermae in 259 BC and killed 4,000–6,000 of them with the help of surprise and good use of military intelligence. He then captured the towns of Enna and Camarina that same year with traitors. He was defeated at the Battle of Tyndaris in 257 BC, losing 18 ships and sinking 9 Roman ships. He failed to prevent the Roman landing in Africa, being defeated at the Ecnomus in 256 BC, one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2092690", "chunk_text": "\"Third Punic War\"\nbeginning the Third Punic War. After the main Roman expedition landed at Utica, consuls Manius Manilius and Lucius Marcius Censorius launched a two-pronged attack on Carthage, but were eventually repulsed by the army of the Carthaginian Generals Hasdrubal the Boeotarch and Himilco Phameas. Censorius lost more than 500 men when they were surprised by the Carthaginian cavalry while collecting timber around the Lake of Tunis. A worse disaster fell upon the Romans when their fleet was set ablaze by fire ships which the Carthaginians released upwind. Manilius was replaced by consul Calpurnius Piso Caesonius in 149 after a severe defeat", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17189050", "chunk_text": "\"Ancient Carthage\"\nEmpire. In 256-255 BC the Romans, under the command of Marcus Atilius Regulus, landed in Africa and after suffering some initial defeats the Carthaginian forces eventually repelled the Roman invasion. Shortly after the First Punic War, Carthage faced a major mercenary revolt which changed the internal political landscape of Carthage (bringing the Barcid family to prominence), and affected Carthage's international standing, as Rome used the events of the war to base a claim by which it seized Sardinia and Corsica. The Second Punic War lasted from 218 to 202 BC and involved combatants in the western and eastern Mediterranean, with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3207337", "chunk_text": "\"History of Carthage\"\nRomans learned how to fight at sea and then decisively defeated the Punic fleet. Carthage lost Sicily (all of its former western portion) and paid a huge indemnity. Evidently Carthage had not then been ready to wage war against an equal power. Following the defeat of Carthage, their mercenaries revolted against them, which threatened the survival of the Punic social order. Yet Carthage endured, under their opposing leaders Hanno II the Great, and Hamilcar Barca. During this crisis at Carthage, Rome refused to aid the rebels (underpaid mercenaries and dissident Berbers), but later occupied Sardinia. As to the Second Punic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8466762", "chunk_text": "\"History of Carthage\"\nThe fall of Carthage came at the end of the Third Punic War in 146 BC at the Battle of Carthage. This resulted in the end of Carthaginian power and the complete destruction of the city by Scipio Aemilianus. The Romans pulled the Phoenician warships out into the harbor and burned them before the city, and went from house to house, capturing and enslaving the people. About 50,000 Carthaginians were sold into slavery. The city was set ablaze and then, according to tradition, it was ploughed over and salted. A new city of Carthage was built on the same land", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11602152", "chunk_text": "\"Second Punic War\"\nthe most lethal battles in military history, the destruction of cities, and massacres and enslavements of civilian populations and prisoners of war by both sides. The war began with the Carthaginian general Hannibal's conquest of the pro-Roman Iberian city of Saguntum in 219 BC, prompting a Roman declaration of war on Carthage in the spring of 218. Hannibal surprised the Romans by marching his army overland from Iberia to cross the Alps and invade Roman Italy, followed by his reinforcement by Gallic allies and crushing victories over Roman armies at Trebia in 218 and on the shores of Lake Trasimene", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17821986", "chunk_text": "\"Military of Carthage\"\nRepublic during the Punic Wars. While Carthage was finally defeated by Rome in 146 BC, its military achieved notable success under the command of Hamilcar Barca and his son Hannibal. The most distinct feature of the Carthaginian army was its composition. Contrary to most other states in the Mediterranean at the time, the army was composed almost exclusively of foreign mercenary units while its navy was manned by citizens. Carthage lacked a history of citizen infantry forces, requiring its army to be composed mainly of foreign troops, particularly Libyans, Numidians, Iberians, Gauls, and Greeks. Its Phoenician origins, however, granted Carthage", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17480734", "chunk_text": "\"Ancient Carthage\"\nfierce resistance and ill-fortune. During the siege of Agrigentum, the Carthaginian forces were ravaged by plague, Hannibal Mago himself succumbing to it. Although his successor, Himilco, successfully extended the campaign by breaking a Greek siege - capturing the city of Gela and repeatedly defeating the army of Dionysius, the new tyrant of Syracuse - he, too, was weakened by the plague and forced to sue for peace before returning to Carthage. In 398 BC, Dionysius had regained his strength and broke the peace treaty, striking at the Carthaginian stronghold of Motya. Himilco responded decisively, leading an expedition which not only", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16721170", "chunk_text": "\"Hamilcar Barca\"\nHamilcar stood out far above the Carthaginians of his age in military and diplomatic skill and in strength of patriotism; in these qualities he was surpassed only by his son Hannibal, whom he may have imbued with his own deep suspicion of Rome and trained to be his successor in the conflict. One historian commented that had he not been the father of Hannibal, Hamilcar's Sicilian front might have received scant notice. Hamilcar is thought to be the best commander of the First Punic War and as a man, Cato placed Hamilcar a cut above most leaders, including most Romans.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522879", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nhostile to foreign ships (such as Roman and Greek vessels) in the western Mediterranean. North African peoples, such as the Berbers, in the area around Carthage were loosely associated with Carthage. In the midst of the First Punic War, some tribes rebelled against Carthage, opening a second front while the Carthaginians battled the Romans in Sicily. Greek colonists were also a major presence in the western Mediterranean, following centuries of colonial settlement, trade and conflicts with Rome over Magna Graecia and with Carthage over places such as Sicily. The rich, strategically influential, and well-fortified Greek colony of Syracuse was politically", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1813105", "chunk_text": "\"Punic Wars\"\nwith a sharp spike to secure the two ships together. Roman legionaries could then board and capture Carthaginian ships. This innovative Roman tactic reduced the Carthaginian navy's advantage in ship-to-ship engagements. However, the \"\"corvus\"\" was also cumbersome and dangerous, and was eventually phased out as the Roman navy became more experienced and tactically proficient. Save for the disastrous defeat at the Battle of Tunis in Africa, and the early naval defeats, the First Punic War was a nearly unbroken string of Roman victories. In 241 BC, Carthage signed a peace treaty under the terms of which they evacuated Sicily and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15627494", "chunk_text": "\"History of Carthage\"\ntreaty status, chiefly regarding trading areas; later in 348, another similar treaty was made between Carthage, Tyre, Utica, and Rome; a third Romano-Punic treaty in 280 regarded wars against the Greek invader Pyrrhus. Yet eventually their opposing interests led to disagreement, suspicion, and conflict. The First Punic War (264–241) started in a dispute over Messina, a city in eastern Sicily. \"\"Probably both sides miscalculated the reaction of the other. The war... escalated beyond anyone's expectations... . Begun over one town in Sicily [it] became a struggle for the whole island.\"\" The conflict developed into a naval war in which the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14213218", "chunk_text": "\"Battle of Utica\"\nis likely that he based much of his account on now-lost works of prior Greek and Roman historians, who are unlikely to have had an unbiased view of Carthage. Battle of Utica The Battle of Utica (c. 240 BC) was the first major engagement in the Mercenary War between Carthaginian forces and part of the combined forces of the former mercenary armies previously deployed by Carthage to conduct the First Punic War and those of rebelling Libyan cities. The forces of Hanno the Great broke the siege of Utica. However, they failed to prepare any meaningful defense of the city", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7522881", "chunk_text": "\"First Punic War\"\nItaly. In 270 BC, the Romans regained control of Rhegium and severely punished the survivors of the revolt. In Sicily, the Mamertines ravaged the countryside and collided with the expanding regional empire of the independent city of Syracuse. Hiero II, tyrant of Syracuse, defeated the Mamertines near Mylae on the Longanus River. Following their defeat, the Mamertines appealed to both Rome and Carthage for assistance. The Carthaginians acted first, approached Hiero to take no further action and convinced the Mamertines to accept a Carthaginian garrison in Messana. Either unhappy with the prospect of a Carthaginian garrison or convinced that the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14786293", "chunk_text": "\"History of Carthage\"\nGreek settlers to return to Selinus, Akragas, Camarina and Gela, but these were made tributary to Carthage. The Elymian and Sicel cities were kept free of both Punic and Greek dominion, and Dionysius, who had usurped power in Syracuse, was confirmed as tyrant of Syracuse. The home-bound Punic army carried the plague back to Carthage. Dionysius I of Syracuse ruled for 38 years and engaged in four wars against Carthage with varying results. In 398 BC, after building up the power of Syracuse while Carthage was suffering from the plague, Dionysius broke the peace treaty. His soldiers massacred the Carthaginian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12115288", "chunk_text": "\"Punic Wars\"\nlay under Carthaginian control. At the start of the First Punic War (264-241 BC), Carthage was the dominant power of the Western Mediterranean, with an extensive maritime empire. Rome was a rapidly ascending power in Italy, but it lacked the naval power of Carthage. The Second Punic War (218-201 BC) witnessed Hannibal's crossing of the Alps in 218 BC, followed by a prolonged but ultimately failed campaign of Carthage's Hannibal in mainland Italy. By the end of the Third Punic War (149-146 BC), after more than a hundred years and the loss of many hundreds of thousands of soldiers from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3322	where did the indian myna bird come from?	n/a	[ "native to Asia", "Asia" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16922184", "chunk_text": "Myna\nMyna The myna (; mynah) is a bird of the starling family (Sturnidae). This is a group of passerine birds which are native to southern Asia, especially India. Several species have been introduced to areas like North America, Australia, South Africa, Fiji and New Zealand, especially the common myna which is often regarded as an invasive species. It is often known as \"\"Selarang\"\" and \"\"Teck Meng\"\" in Malay and Chinese respectively in Singapore, due to their high population there. Mynas are not a natural group; instead, the term \"\"myna\"\" is used for any starling in the Indian subcontinent, regardless of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16922187", "chunk_text": "Myna\nposition in the taxonomic list. The following species are often included in the \"\"Acridotheres\"\" mynas: Myna The myna (; mynah) is a bird of the starling family (Sturnidae). This is a group of passerine birds which are native to southern Asia, especially India. Several species have been introduced to areas like North America, Australia, South Africa, Fiji and New Zealand, especially the common myna which is often regarded as an invasive species. It is often known as \"\"Selarang\"\" and \"\"Teck Meng\"\" in Malay and Chinese respectively in Singapore, due to their high population there. Mynas are not a natural group;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6590545", "chunk_text": "\"Common myna\"\nCommon myna The common myna or Indian myna (\"\"Acridotheres tristis\"\"), sometimes spelled mynah, is a member of the family Sturnidae (starlings and mynas) native to Asia. An omnivorous open woodland bird with a strong territorial instinct, the myna has adapted extremely well to urban environments. The range of the common myna is increasing at such a rapid rate that in 2000 the IUCN Species Survival Commission declared it one of the world's most invasive species and one of only three birds in the top 100 species that pose an impact to biodiversity, agriculture and human interests. In particular, the species", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16922186", "chunk_text": "Myna\ncaptivity. \"\"Myna\"\" is derived from the Hindi language \"\"mainā\"\" which itself is derived from Sanskrit \"\"madanā\"\". Mynas are medium-sized passerines with strong feet. Their flight is strong and direct, and they are gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country, and they eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark, often brown, although some species have yellow head ornaments. Most species nest in holes. Some species have become well known for their imitative skills; the common hill myna is one of these. The following are species of mynas. The coleto and the two \"\"Saroglossa\"\" starlings are included because of their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16435686", "chunk_text": "\"Common myna\"\n\"\"picturesque eyes\"\"; \"\"peetanetra\"\" (one with yellow eyes) and \"\"peetapaad\"\" (one with yellow legs). Common myna The common myna or Indian myna (\"\"Acridotheres tristis\"\"), sometimes spelled mynah, is a member of the family Sturnidae (starlings and mynas) native to Asia. An omnivorous open woodland bird with a strong territorial instinct, the myna has adapted extremely well to urban environments. The range of the common myna is increasing at such a rapid rate that in 2000 the IUCN Species Survival Commission declared it one of the world's most invasive species and one of only three birds in the top 100 species that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5118776", "chunk_text": "\"Common myna\"\nits feathers and bobs its head in singing. The common myna screeches warnings to its mate or other birds in cases of predators in proximity or when it is about to take off flying. Common mynas are popular as cage birds for their singing and \"\"speaking\"\" abilities. Before sleeping in communal roosts, mynas vocalise in unison, which is known as \"\"communal noise\"\". Morphometry. It is a species of bird native to Asia with its initial home range spanning from Iran, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka; as well as Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Myanmar, to Malaysia, Singapore, peninsular", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8363086", "chunk_text": "\"Jungle myna\"\nJungle myna The jungle myna (\"\"Acridotheres fuscus\"\") is a myna, a member of the starling family. It is found patchily distributed across much of the mainland of the Indian Subcontinent but absent in the arid zones of India. It is easily recognized by the tuft of feathers on its forehead that form a frontal crest, a feature also found in the closely related Javan myna and the pale-bellied myna which were treated as a subspecies in the past. The eyes are pale, yellow or blue depending on the population and the base of the orange-yellow bill is dark. It has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5118777", "chunk_text": "\"Common myna\"\nThailand, Indo-China and China. The myna has been introduced in many other parts of the world such as Canada, Australia, Israel, New Zealand, New Caledonia, United States, South Africa, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan and islands in the Indian Ocean (Seychelles, Mauritius, Réunion, Madagascar, Maldives, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep archipelago) and also in islands of the Atlantic, such as Ascension and St Helena, and Pacific Oceans. The range of the common myna is increasing to the extent that in 2000 the IUCN Species Survival Commission declared it among the World's 100 worst invasive species. This abundant passerine is typically found", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7772565", "chunk_text": "\"Pied myna\"\nsupport its inclusion within \"\"Sturnus\"\" leading to the reinstatement of an older genus name \"\"Gracupica\"\". It has been claimed that the species name \"\"contra\"\" is derived from an Indian name for it, although this has not been traced subsequently. The nominate subspecies (based on the species description given by Linnaeus in 1758) is found mainly along the Gangetic plains extending south into Andhra Pradesh and east to Bangladesh. The population in northeastern India (Sadiya to Tirap and the Naga Hills) was named as \"\"sordida\"\" (originally \"\"Sturnus contra sordidus\"\") by Sidney Dillon Ripley in 1950. This form differs from the Indian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7772564", "chunk_text": "\"Pied myna\"\nPied myna The pied myna or Asian pied starling (\"\"Gracupica contra\"\") is a species of starling found in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. They are usually found in small groups mainly on the plains and low foothills. They are often seen within cities and villages although they are not as bold as the common myna. They produce a range of calls made up of liquid notes. Several slight plumage variations exist in the populations and about five subspecies are named. The species has been included in the genus \"\"Sturnus\"\" and \"\"Sturnopastor\"\" in the past but recent studies do not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7772568", "chunk_text": "\"Pied myna\"\nplains but extending south to the Krishna River. Their range is increasing, with populations establishing more recently in Pakistan, Rajkot, and Bombay (since 1953), possibly aided by trade in caged birds and accidental escape. Their westerward spread in India particularly in parts of Rajasthan has been aided by changes in irrigation and farming patterns, and the spread into Sumatra has been aided by deforestation. The species has also established itself in Dubai, UAE. The habitat is lowland open areas with scattered trees near water, often near human habitation. This species is often seen at sewage farms and refuse tips. These", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8839", "chunk_text": "\"Bank myna\"\nThey make use of food scrap disposed by humans, even following catering vehicles at airports to standing aircraft. The distribution was formerly noted to be restricted north roughly of a line between Bombay and Balasore in Orissa, but the species may be expanding its range. They are also common in Pakistan in the districts of Sind and Punjab. A specimen from Kandahar was earlier considered the westernmost record a vagrant, but the birds have since established in the region. Although mainly resident, they make movements in response to food and weather. The species name of the bird is based on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12753033", "chunk_text": "\"Crested myna\"\nCrested myna The crested myna (\"\"Acridotheres cristatellus\"\") is a species of starling native to southeastern China and Indochina. Unlike other similar mynas, its bill is dull whitish rather than orange-yellow. Around 1890, the crested myna was introduced into the Vancouver region of British Columbia. It was initially successful, reaching a population in the thousands, without spreading far from the Lower Mainland. By the mid-twentieth century, numbers began declining, and the bird is now extirpated in North America, although they have released or escaped in Florida, U.S, but not confirmed to be breeding. Population persists only with repeated introductions and/or escapes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15532266", "chunk_text": "\"Jungle myna\"\nmake clipped cheeping contact calls. The jungle myna is part of the \"\"Acridotheres\"\" clade which is thought to have speciated in the late Pliocene and Pleistocene periods. Unlike starlings in the genus \"\"Sturnus\"\" they do not have well-developed adaptations including the musculature required for prying or open bill probing (which need muscles to open the beak apart forcefully). The nominate population \"\"A. f. fuscus\"\" was described from Bengal by Wagler as \"\"Pastor fuscus\"\" in 1827. It has a pale creamy vent. This population with yellow iris extends south of the Brahmaputra into Burma and the Malay Peninsula. \"\"A. f. fumidus\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15532273", "chunk_text": "\"Jungle myna\"\nlab. Other parasites that have been found in the jungle myna include \"\"Dorisa aethiopsaris\"\" in the intestine. Jungle myna The jungle myna (\"\"Acridotheres fuscus\"\") is a myna, a member of the starling family. It is found patchily distributed across much of the mainland of the Indian Subcontinent but absent in the arid zones of India. It is easily recognized by the tuft of feathers on its forehead that form a frontal crest, a feature also found in the closely related Javan myna and the pale-bellied myna which were treated as a subspecies in the past. The eyes are pale, yellow", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15538781", "chunk_text": "\"Common hill myna\"\nthe other hand, in captivity, they are among the most renowned mimics, perhaps on par only with the grey parrot (\"\"Psittacus erithacus\"\"). They can learn to reproduce many everyday sounds, particularly the human voice, and even whistled tunes, with astonishing accuracy and clarity. This myna is a resident breeder from Kumaon division in India (80° E longitude) east through Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan and Arunachal Pradesh, the lower Himalayas, terai and foothills up to 2000 m ASL. Its range continues east through Southeast Asia northeastwards to southern China, and via Thailand southeastwards across northern Indonesia to Palawan in the Philippines. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5444948", "chunk_text": "\"Sri Lanka hill myna\"\nSri Lanka hill myna The Sri Lanka hill myna, Ceylon myna or Sri Lanka myna (\"\"Gracula ptilogenys\"\"), is a myna, a member of the starling family. This bird is endemic to Sri Lanka. This passerine is typically found in forest and cultivation. The Sri Lanka myna builds a nest in a hole. The normal clutch is two eggs. These 25 cm long birds have green-glossed black plumage, purple-tinged on the head and neck. There are large white wing patches, which are obvious in flight. The strong legs are bright yellow, and there are yellow wattles on the nape. The different", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5443998", "chunk_text": "\"Common hill myna\"\nCommon hill myna The common hill myna (\"\"Gracula religiosa\"\"), sometimes spelled \"\"mynah\"\" and formerly simply known as hill myna, is the myna most commonly seen in aviculture, where it is often simply referred to by the latter two names. It is a member of the starling family (Sturnidae), resident in hill regions of South Asia and Southeast Asia. The Sri Lanka hill myna, a former subspecies of \"\"G. religiosa\"\", is now generally accepted as a separate species \"\"G. ptilogenys\"\". The Enggano hill myna (\"\"G. enganensis\"\") and Nias hill myna (\"\"G. robusta\"\") are also widely accepted as specifically distinct, and many", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7772567", "chunk_text": "\"Pied myna\"\nthroat and breast are black while the cheek, lores, wing coverts and rump are contrastingly white. The sexes are similar in plumage but young birds have dark brown in place of black. The subspecies vary slightly in plumage, extent of streaking of the feathers and in measurements. The flight is slow and butterfly-like on round wings. Leucistic individuals have been recorded. The species is found mainly in the plains but in the foothills up to about 700m above sea level. They are found mainly in areas with access to open water. Their main distribution in India is in the Gangetic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7772572", "chunk_text": "\"Pied myna\"\na season. An instance of interspecific feeding, where an adult of a common myna fed a young pied myna has been reported. These mynas form communal roosts at night and jointly defend nesting areas. The ability of these mynas to mimic human voices made them popular as cagebirds. The Sema Nagas will not eat this bird as they believe it is the reincarnation of a human. They are considered to be generally beneficial because they eat many insects. Pied myna The pied myna or Asian pied starling (\"\"Gracupica contra\"\") is a species of starling found in the Indian subcontinent and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8838", "chunk_text": "\"Bank myna\"\nThe sexes are indistinguishable in the field. Young birds have a browner head and neck. The species is evolutionarily closest to the common myna. The native range of the bank myna is almost restricted to the Indian subcontinent from the Indus valley in the West, to the Gangetic delta in the East and south of the lower foothills of the Himalayas, only rarely being found in sheltered valleys. They are found mainly in the vicinity of open water and their usual habitat is cultivated farmland and open country but flocks will often live within cities, in markets and railway stations.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8840", "chunk_text": "\"Bank myna\"\nthe name given by Latham from a description by Pierre Sonnerat who described \"\"Le petit Martin de Gingi\"\" in 1782, referring to Gingee near Pondicherry in southern India. Thomas C. Jerdon noted in 1863 that the species did not occur in southern India however the species was recorded in the region in 1914 at Vandalur near Madras. Records from further south in India are however increasing. Breeding colonies have been found in Assam. These mynas have been introduced into Kuwait, where they have established in the wild. Flocks have also been found in the Maldives, Taiwan and Japan. Bank mynas", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10891114", "chunk_text": "\"Common myna\"\nwhich was largely non-existent there by the 1890s. In contrast, the North Island population was able to breed more successfully and large portions of the North Island are now populated. However, in the southern reaches of the North Island, the cooler summer temperatures, like those of the South Island, have prevented the establishment of large Indian myna populations. In South Africa where it escaped into the wild in 1902, it has become very common and its distribution is greater where human populations are greater or where there is more human disturbance. The bird is also notorious for being a pest,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11577364", "chunk_text": "\"Crested myna\"\nof individuals. Crested myna The crested myna (\"\"Acridotheres cristatellus\"\") is a species of starling native to southeastern China and Indochina. Unlike other similar mynas, its bill is dull whitish rather than orange-yellow. Around 1890, the crested myna was introduced into the Vancouver region of British Columbia. It was initially successful, reaching a population in the thousands, without spreading far from the Lower Mainland. By the mid-twentieth century, numbers began declining, and the bird is now extirpated in North America, although they have released or escaped in Florida, U.S, but not confirmed to be breeding. Population persists only with repeated introductions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "907123", "chunk_text": "\"Common hill myna\"\nwhen the population becomes too large. Common hill myna The common hill myna (\"\"Gracula religiosa\"\"), sometimes spelled \"\"mynah\"\" and formerly simply known as hill myna, is the myna most commonly seen in aviculture, where it is often simply referred to by the latter two names. It is a member of the starling family (Sturnidae), resident in hill regions of South Asia and Southeast Asia. The Sri Lanka hill myna, a former subspecies of \"\"G. religiosa\"\", is now generally accepted as a separate species \"\"G. ptilogenys\"\". The Enggano hill myna (\"\"G. enganensis\"\") and Nias hill myna (\"\"G. robusta\"\") are also widely", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15532268", "chunk_text": "\"Jungle myna\"\nIt has a white throat and a half collar extending around the neck. The species has a diploid chromosome number of 74 (80 in the common myna). The jungle myna is a common resident breeder in tropical southern Asia from Nepal, Bangladesh, India. Subspecies \"\"fuscus\"\" is found across northern India west from Mount Abu, east to Puri in Orissa. It has also been introduced into the Andaman Islands and Fiji where it was introduced around 1890 to control insect pests in sugarcane. They have expanded on their own into some Pacific Islands such as Niuafo'ou where they are a threat", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5118778", "chunk_text": "\"Common myna\"\nin open woodland, cultivation and around habitation. Although this is an adaptable species, its population has been decreasing significantly in Singapore and Malaysia (where it is locally called as \"\"gembala kerbau\"\", literally 'buffalo shepherd') due to competition with its cousin, the introduced Javan myna. The common myna thrives in urban and suburban environments; in Canberra, for instance, 110 common mynas were released between 1968 and 1971. By 1991, common myna population density in Canberra averaged 15 birds per square kilometer. Only three years later, a second study found an average population density of 75 birds per square kilometer in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5118775", "chunk_text": "\"Common myna\"\na larger yellow cheek-patch. The common myna is readily identified by the brown body, black hooded head and the bare yellow patch behind the eye. The bill and legs are bright yellow. There is a white patch on the outer primaries and the wing lining on the underside is white. The sexes are similar and birds are usually seen in pairs. The common myna obeys Gloger's rule in that the birds from northwest India tend to be paler than their darker counterparts in South India. The calls includes croaks, squawks, chirps, clicks, whistles and 'growls', and the bird often fluffs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14853272", "chunk_text": "\"Bali myna\"\nBali myna The Bali myna (\"\"Leucopsar rothschildi\"\"), also known as Rothschild's mynah, Bali starling, or Bali mynah, locally known as jalak Bali, is a medium-sized (up to long), stocky myna, almost wholly white with a long, drooping crest, and black tips on the wings and tail. The bird has blue bare skin around the eyes, greyish legs and a yellow bill. Both sexes are similar. It is critically endangered and fewer than 100 adults are assumed to currently exist in the wild. Placed in the monotypic genus Leucopsar, it appears to be most closely related to \"\"Sturnia\"\" and the brahminy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10891110", "chunk_text": "\"Common myna\"\nintroduced widely elsewhere, including adjacent areas in Southeast Asia, Madagascar, the Middle East, South Africa, Israel, the United States, Argentina, Germany, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand and various oceanic islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, including prominent populations in Fiji and Hawaii. The common myna is regarded as a pest in South Africa, North America, the Middle East, Australia, New Zealand and many Pacific islands. It is particularly problematic in Australia. Several methods have been tried to control the bird's numbers and protect native species. In Australia, the common myna is an invasive pest. They are now often", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "909290", "chunk_text": "\"Sri Lanka hill myna\"\npostal stamp. It is also the media icon of Sri Lanka Rupavahini Corporation. Sri Lanka hill myna The Sri Lanka hill myna, Ceylon myna or Sri Lanka myna (\"\"Gracula ptilogenys\"\"), is a myna, a member of the starling family. This bird is endemic to Sri Lanka. This passerine is typically found in forest and cultivation. The Sri Lanka myna builds a nest in a hole. The normal clutch is two eggs. These 25 cm long birds have green-glossed black plumage, purple-tinged on the head and neck. There are large white wing patches, which are obvious in flight. The strong legs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8836", "chunk_text": "\"Bank myna\"\nBank myna Bank myna (\"\"Acridotheres ginginianus\"\") is a myna found in northern parts of South Asia. It is smaller but similar in colouration to the common myna but differs in having a brick red bare skin behind the eye in place of yellow. It is greyer on the underside and in this and in the presence of a slight tuft of feathers bears some resemblance to the jungle myna. They are found in flocks on the plains of northern and central India, often within towns and cities. Their range appears to be extending southwards in India. The name is derived", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4703879", "chunk_text": "\"Chestnut-tailed starling\"\nChestnut-tailed starling The chestnut-tailed starling or grey-headed myna (\"\"Sturnia malabarica\"\") is a member of the starling family. It is a resident or partially migratory species found in wooded habitats in India and Southeast Asia. The species name is after the distribution of a former subspecies in the Malabar region. While the chestnut-tailed starling is a winter visitor to peninsular India, the closely related resident breeding population with a white head is now treated as a full species, the Malabar starling (\"\"Sturnia blythii\"\"). The lack of monophyly in the earlier starling genera has led to this species being placed variously under", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10891111", "chunk_text": "\"Common myna\"\nthe predominant bird in urban areas all along the East coast. In a 2008 popular vote, the bird was named \"\"The Most Important Pest/Problem\"\" in Australia, also earning the nickname \"\"flying rats\"\" due to their scavenging resembling that of rats. It is also known as \"\"the cane toad of the sky\"\". The common myna was first introduced to Australia in Victoria between 1863 and 1872 into Melbourne’s market gardens to control insects. The bird is likely to have spread to New South Wales (where it is currently most populous) at around the same time, but documentation is uncertain. The bird", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5443999", "chunk_text": "\"Common hill myna\"\nauthors favor treating the Southern hill myna (\"\"G. indica\"\") from the Nilgiris and elsewhere in the Western Ghats of India as a separate species. This is a stocky jet-black myna, with bright orange-yellow patches of naked skin and fleshy wattles on the side of its head and nape. At about 29 cm length, it is somewhat larger than the common myna (\"\"Acridotheres tristis\"\"). It is overall green-glossed black plumage, purple-tinged on the head and neck. Its large, white wing patches are obvious in flight, but mostly covered when the bird is sitting. The bill and strong legs are bright yellow,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10891113", "chunk_text": "\"Common myna\"\nmean warmest month temperature no less than 23.2 °C and mean coldest month temperature no less than -0.4 °C, implying that the common myna could potentially spread from Sydney northward along the eastern coast to Cairns and westward along the southern coast to Adelaide (though not to Tasmania, Darwin, or the arid interior regions). The Indian myna was introduced to both the North Island and South Island of New Zealand in the 1870s. However, the cooler summer temperatures in the South Island appear to have impeded the breeding success rate of the southern populations, preventing the proliferation of the species,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16435685", "chunk_text": "\"Common myna\"\nare regularly observed to usurp nests and hollows, destroy the eggs and kill the young of native bird species including seabirds and parrots. There is evidence that Mynas have killed small land mammals such as mice, squirrels and possums, but further research on these occurrences are under consideration. In Sanskrit literature, the common myna has a number of names, most are descriptive of the appearance or behaviour of the bird. In addition to \"\"saarika\"\", the names for the common myna include \"\"kalahapriya\"\", which means \"\"one who is fond of arguments\"\" referring to the quarrelsome nature of this bird; \"\"chitranetra\"\", meaning", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12546274", "chunk_text": "\"Jungle myna\"\nalso been introduced either intentionally or accidentally into many other parts of the world including Fiji, Taiwan, the Andaman Islands, and parts of Japan. The species has also spread out on its own to some islands in the Pacific. Jungle mynas are long and have grey plumage, darker on the head and wings. The sexes are indistinguishable in plumage. A large white wing patches on the base of the primaries becomes conspicuous in flight, and the tail feathers are broadly tipped in white. There is a tuft of feathers on the forehead arising at the base of the bill. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7772570", "chunk_text": "\"Pied myna\"\nThe strong protractor muscles allow them to part a mat of grass and their eyes are positioned to obtain a binocular view of the space between the parted beak. They often feed in grazing land or among cattle. The breeding season in India is spread from March to September. With the onset of breeding, the sizes of flocks decline and birds pair up. Courtship involves calling, fluffing of the feathers and head bobbing. The nest is a loose mass of straw formed into a dome with an entrance on the side and placed in a large tree (often banyan, mango,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10891104", "chunk_text": "\"Common myna\"\nsame area. The bird likely owes its success in the urban and suburban settings of Sydney and Canberra to its evolutionary origins; having evolved in the open woodlands of India, the common myna is pre-adapted to habitats with tall vertical structures and little to no vegetative ground cover, features characteristic of city streets and urban nature preserves. The common myna (along with European starlings, house sparrows, and feral rock pigeons) is a nuisance to city buildings; its nests block gutters and drainpipes, causing water damage to building exteriors. Common mynas are believed to pair for life. They breed through much", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "441031", "chunk_text": "\"Sulawesi myna\"\nSulawesi myna The Sulawesi myna (\"\"Basilornis celebensis\"\") is a species of starling in the family Sturnidae. It is endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. The Sulawesi myna grows to a length of . It is a glossy black bird with a permanently raised crest which is larger in the male. The sides of the face and throat have white patches. The eye is surrounded by a bluish-black ring of bare skin, the beak is pale bluish-green and the legs are yellowish. Juvenile birds are chocolate brown. This myna has a range of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7772566", "chunk_text": "\"Pied myna\"\nform in having reduced streaking on the shoulders and nape. The populations in Manipur south to Myanmar and east to Yunnan have the white extending over the eye and are included in the subspecies \"\"superciliaris\"\" first described by Edward Blyth in 1863. The subspecies in Thailand, Laos and Cambodia is included in \"\"floweri\"\" ( Sharpe, 1897) while \"\"jalla\"\" described by Horsfield in 1821 is found on Sumatra, Java and Bali. This myna is strikingly marked in black and white and has a yellowish bill with a reddish bill base. The bare skin around the eye is reddish. The upper body,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4698969", "chunk_text": "\"Brahminy starling\"\nBrahminy starling The brahminy myna or brahminy starling (\"\"Sturnia pagodarum\"\") is a member of the starling family of birds. It is usually seen in pairs or small flocks in open habitats on the plains of the Indian subcontinent. This myna is pale buff creamy with a black cap and a loose crest. The bill is yellow with a bluish base. The iris is pale and there is a bluish patch of skin around the eye. The outer tail feathers have white and the black primaries of the wings do not have any white patches. The adult male has a more", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10171622", "chunk_text": "Meena\nMeena The Meena () is a tribe found mainly in the Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh regions of India. Its name is also transliterated as \"\"Meenanda\"\" or \"\"Mina\"\". The Meenas claim connection to the Matsya avatar of Vishnu, and the ancient Matsya Kingdom. The word \"\"Meena\"\" is derived from \"\"Meen\"\", the Sanskrit word for \"\"fish\"\", and the Meenas claim a mythological descent from the Matsya avatar, or fish incarnation, of Vishnu. They also claim to be descendants of the people of the Matsya Kingdom, which flourished in the 6th century B.C. The historian Pramod Kumar notes that it is likely that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16922185", "chunk_text": "Myna\ntheir relationships. This range was colonized twice during the evolution of starlings, first by rather ancestral starlings related to the coleto and \"\"Aplonis\"\" lineages, and millions of years later by birds related to the common starling and wattled starling's ancestors. These two groups of mynas can be distinguished in the more terrestrial adaptions of the latter, which usually also have less glossy plumage except on the heads and longer tails. The Bali myna which is nearly extinct in the wild is highly distinctive. Some mynas are considered talking birds, for their ability to reproduce sounds, including human speech, when in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15532271", "chunk_text": "\"Jungle myna\"\nare being ploughed. They also forage on kitchen waste in urban areas. They may take larger prey including small mice to feed their young. In Fiji, they have been noticed anting using a millipede. The breeding season is in summer and before the rains, February to May in southern India and April to July in northern India. They are secondary cavity nesters, using both holes in trees and in man-made constructions such as walls, embankments, and in houses from 2 to 6 metres above the ground. As secondary tree hole nesters, they compete with other hole-nesters. They have also been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15532265", "chunk_text": "\"Jungle myna\"\nbill and legs are bright yellow, and there is no bare skin around eye as in the common myna and the bank myna. The base of the beak is dark in adults with a shade of blue at the base of the lower mandible. The southern Indian population has a blue iris. The northeast Indian populations have a smoky dark belly and vent. Juveniles are browner with a pale throat and along the median of the underside. Abnormal leucistic plumages have been recorded. The calls of the jungle myna are higher pitched than those of the common myna. Foraging flocks", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4698975", "chunk_text": "\"Brahminy starling\"\nit within the genus \"\"Sturnia\"\". Brahminy starling The brahminy myna or brahminy starling (\"\"Sturnia pagodarum\"\") is a member of the starling family of birds. It is usually seen in pairs or small flocks in open habitats on the plains of the Indian subcontinent. This myna is pale buff creamy with a black cap and a loose crest. The bill is yellow with a bluish base. The iris is pale and there is a bluish patch of skin around the eye. The outer tail feathers have white and the black primaries of the wings do not have any white patches. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10807062", "chunk_text": "\"Javan myna\"\nlength is . Its weight is about . The Javan myna is native to Java and Bali and has been introduced to southeast Thailand, southern Malaysia, Singapore, Sumatra, the Lesser Sundas, Taiwan, Puerto Rico, and Japan. It is found in cities and cultivated areas. The Javan myna is omnivorous and eats seeds, fruit, nectar, insects and human waste. It is often found in large groups. Its voice is similar to that of the common myna. It builds its nest in holes. The eggs are bluish-glaucous. Javan mynas are bold and not very afraid of humans. Javan mynas are kept in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20568430", "chunk_text": "\"Long-tailed myna\"\nLong-tailed myna The long-tailed myna (\"\"Mino kreffti\"\") is a member of the starling family. It is resident in the Bismarck Archipelago and northern Solomon Islands. It resembles the yellow-faced myna, and the two were formerly considered conspecific. Its binomial name commemorates Gerard Krefft, Australian zoologist and palaeontologist. Going on standard measurements and length, this very large myna is one of the largest member of the diverse family Sturnidae, behind only perhaps the Nias hill myna. It measures in length. Among standard measurements, the wing chord is , the tail is , the culmen is and the tarsus is . No", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3323	when was the 50th star added to the united states flag?	n/a	[ "1960" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11076817", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States\"\nto 13 so as to honor the original colonies. The act specified that new flag designs should become official on the first July 4 (Independence Day) following admission of one or more new states. The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in 1960 when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August 1959. Before that, the admission of Alaska in January 1959 prompted the debut of a short-lived 49-star flag. Prior to the adoption of the 48-star flag in 1912, there was no official arrangement of the stars in the canton, although the U.S.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9741181", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States\"\n13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the U.S. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner. The current design of the U.S. flag is its 27th; the design of the flag has been modified officially 26 times since 1777. The 48-star flag was in effect for 47 years until the 49-star version became official on July 4, 1959. The 50-star flag was ordered by the then president Eisenhower on August 21, 1959, and was adopted in July", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1647158", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States\"\nthe grade with his teacher, it was agreed (somewhat jokingly) that if the flag was accepted by Congress, the grade would be reconsidered. Heft's flag design was chosen and adopted by presidential proclamation after Alaska and before Hawaii was admitted into the Union in 1959. According to Heft, his teacher did keep to their agreement and changed his grade to an A for the project. The 49- and 50-star flags were each flown for the first time at Fort McHenry on Independence Day, in 1959 and 1960 respectively. Traditionally, the flag may be decorated with golden fringe surrounding the perimeter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1348984", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the President of the United States\"\nunified the coat of arms, flag, and seal to use the new design. The flag was first flown at the commissioning of the two days later. The only changes have been to add more stars for new states; President Eisenhower issued on May 26, 1959 (effective July 4) to add a star for Alaska, and later issued on February 5, 1960 (again effective the following July 4) to add a 50th star for Hawaii. The design has not changed since. It is illegal to reproduce or sell the flag of the President pursuant to Title 18 of the United States", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6954745", "chunk_text": "\"Seal of the President of the United States\"\nnew seal was first used on December 5, 1945. Alaska was admitted as the 49th state on January 3, 1959, which caused the 49th star to be added to the United States flag on the following July 4. On May 26, President Eisenhower issued , which added a 49th star to the outer ring on the presidential coat of arms (and therefore the seal and flag as well), also effective on July 4. The order was otherwise identical to Truman's order, which it replaced. Hawaii was admitted as the 50th state on August 21, 1959, and Eisenhower duly issued on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11076796", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States\"\nFlag of the United States The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"\"union\"\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows, where rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternate with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11076816", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States\"\nwhich is now the American national anthem. The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \"\"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem\"\" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view. On April 4, 1818, a plan was passed by Congress at the suggestion of U.S. Naval Captain Samuel C. Reid in which the flag was changed to have 20 stars, with a new star to be added when each new state was admitted, but the number of stripes would be reduced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6954746", "chunk_text": "\"Seal of the President of the United States\"\nFebruary 5, 1960 (effective July 4, 1960) to add the 50th star to the coat of arms. Once again, it was identical to the previous orders other than the number of stars. This remains the official definition today. Because the upcoming admission of Hawaii would cause a further change the following year, no seal dies were made in 1959 with 49 stars, and the 1945 dies continued in use. New dies with 50 stars were made by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing only after the 1960 executive order came into effect. Many people erroneously believe that the seal is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9741230", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States\"\nofficers often wear a small flag patch, either on a shoulder, or above a shirt pocket. Every U.S. astronaut since the crew of Gemini 4 has worn the flag on the left shoulder of his or her space suit, with the exception of the crew of Apollo 1, whose flags were worn on the right shoulder. In this case, the canton was on the left. The flag did not appear on U.S. postal stamp issues until the Battle of White Plains Issue was released in 1926, depicting the flag with a circle of 13 stars. The 48-star flag first appeared", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2867502", "chunk_text": "\"Orpha Klinker\"\nFebruary 23, 1955, California Congressman Gordon L. McDonough presented to the U. S. House of Representatives a new United States flag design created by Klinker incorporating two additional stars for the proposed statehood of Alaska and Hawaii. This was entered into Congressional Record on March 7, 1955. The new proposed design spelled the words \"\"Freedom\"\" with 50 white stars on a blue field. The record reflects, \"\"The design created by Miss Klinker symbolizes the spirit of freedom which has ever represented the guiding principle of our American way of life, and when we again rearrange the stars of the flag,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11076818", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States\"\nArmy and U.S. Navy used standardized designs. Throughout the 19th century there was an abundance of different star patterns, rectangular and circular. On July 4, 2007, the 50-star flag became the version of the flag in longest use, surpassing the 48-star flag that was used from 1912 to 1959. The U.S. flag was brought to the city of Canton (Guǎngzhōu) in China in 1784 by the merchant ship \"\"Empress of China\"\", which carried a cargo of ginseng. There it gained the designation \"\"Flower Flag\"\" (). According to a pseudonymous account first published in the \"\"Boston Courier\"\" and later retold by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9826309", "chunk_text": "\"Red star\"\nmost well-known include the current state flag of California (echoing the Californian red star flag of 1836) and the flag of New Zealand (designed in 1869, officially adopted in 1902). The flag of the District of Columbia (designed in 1921, adopted in 1938) recalls George Washington's coat of arms. The crescent moon and star was a symbol used by the Ottoman Empire. Various states with Ottoman history have thus adopted this symbol into their present-day flags. The red star was adopted as the symbol of the International Red Star Alliance, a Geneva international treaty signed in 1914 with the purpose", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6954719", "chunk_text": "\"Seal of the President of the United States\"\nleast 1850, and probably much earlier. The basic design of today's seal originated with Rutherford B. Hayes, who was the first to use the coat of arms on White House invitations in 1877. The precise design dates from 1945, when President Truman specified it in . The only changes since were in 1959 and 1960, which added 49th and 50th stars to the circle following the admissions of Alaska and Hawaii as states. The current seal is defined in , made by President Dwight D. Eisenhower on February 5, 1960, and effective since July 4, 1960. It states: The blazon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10783393", "chunk_text": "\"Ensign of the United States\"\nThe Grand Union Flag was the \"\"de facto\"\" first U.S. naval ensign. It was first raised aboard Continental Navy Commodore Esek Hopkins' flagship on the Delaware River on December 3, 1775; John Paul Jones, then the ship's senior lieutenant, personally claimed this honor. The current \"\"Stars and Stripes\"\" design was first adopted when the Second Continental Congress passed the Flag Resolution of June 14, 1777: \"\"\"\"Resolved,\"\" That the flag of the thirteen United States be thirteen stripes, alternate red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new constellation.\"\" Subsequent flag acts have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19284519", "chunk_text": "\"Five-pointed star\"\nfor the white rose of Edward IV by the Earl of Warwick, so that he erroneously attacked his own ally, losing the battle, which probably changed the outcome of the entire War of the Roses. The five-pointed stars on the Flag of the United States were introduced in the Flag Act of 1777. The Flag Act did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1647157", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States\"\nto President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Although some of them were 49-star versions, the vast majority were 50-star proposals. At least three of these designs were identical to the present design of the 50-star flag. At the time, credit was given by the executive department to the United States Army Institute of Heraldry for the design. Of these proposals, one created by 17-year-old Robert G. Heft in 1958 as a school project received the most publicity. His mother was a seamstress, but refused to do any of the work for him. He originally received a B– for the project. After discussing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1647180", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States\"\ntype of practice has somewhat diminished the meaning of the original intent of lowering the flag to honor those who held high positions in federal or state offices. President Dwight D. Eisenhower issued the first proclamation on March 1, 1954, standardizing the dates and time periods for flying the flag at half-staff from all federal buildings, grounds, and naval vessels; other congressional resolutions and presidential proclamations ensued. However, they are only guidelines to all other entities: typically followed at state and local government facilities, and encouraged of private businesses and citizens. To properly fly the flag at half-staff, one should", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9741182", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States\"\n1960. It is the longest-used version of the U.S. flag and has been in use for over years. At the time of the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the Continental Congress would not legally adopt flags with \"\"stars, white in a blue field\"\" for another year. The flag contemporaneously known as \"\"the Continental Colors\"\" has historically been referred to as the first national flag. The Continental Navy raised the Colors as the ensign of the fledgling nation in the American War for Independence—likely with the expedient of transforming their previous British red ensigns by adding white stripes—and would use", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1348979", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the President of the United States\"\nblue\"\". This left the Navy flag unchanged, but did force a change in the Army version, and so on February 20, 1913 an order was duly issued which switched the background of the Army presidential color to blue and the color of the star in the middle to scarlet. A 46th star had previously been added to the Army color in 1908, and the blue version was also updated to have 48 stars. On September 29, 1915, President Wilson watched a march by the Grand Army of the Republic where the reviewing stand displayed both the presidential flag and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2581481", "chunk_text": "\"United States Bicentennial\"\naffirmation to the Founding Fathers of the United States principles of dignity, equality, government by representation, and liberty. Bruce N. Blackburn, co-designer of the modernized NASA insignia, designed the logo. The logo consisted of a white five-point star inside a stylized star of red, white and blue. It was encircled by the inscription \"\"American Revolution Bicentennial 1776–1976\"\" in Helvetica Regular. An early use of the logo was on a 1971 U.S. postage stamp. The logo became a flag that flew at many government facilities throughout the United States and appeared on many other souvenirs and postage stamps issued by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13934671", "chunk_text": "\"Jack of the United States\"\nthe union. Rules for flying the jack are similar to the national ensign, except that the jack is only worn at the bow when the ship is anchored, made fast or alongside. Since September 11, 2002, the U.S. Navy has made use of the so-called First Navy Jack. However, the standard U.S. jack (i.e., 50 white stars on a blue field) continues to be used as the jack by vessels of U.S. federal agencies such as the U.S. Coast Guard, the Military Sealift Command and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Corps. The standard 50-star jack continues to be used", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1348983", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the President of the United States\"\nchanged by President Truman in 1945, a process which began with inquiries by President Roosevelt (who had been involved with the creation of the 1916 flag) shortly before his death. The new flag used the same basic design for the eagle, except (in response to some heraldic criticisms) changed the eagle to face towards its right (dexter, the direction of honor) and thus towards the olive branch, and the eagle was changed to be in full color. Instead of the four stars, a circular ring of 48 stars was added around the eagle. Truman issued on October 25, 1945, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1348974", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the President of the United States\"\nHouse during the war, and was first shown in public during peace jubilee celebrations in Chicago and Philadelphia in October, 1898. In 1908, following the admission of Oklahoma as a state, a 46th star was added at the bottom. One of these flags was given to Theodore Roosevelt as a gift, and one hangs today in Roosevelt's home at Sagamore Hill. In March 1901, the German naval attaché in Washington inquired as to the proper use of the flags when rendering honors abroad, as having \"\"two\"\" flags to represent a head of state was a unique situation. After discussions, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16195532", "chunk_text": "\"Star (heraldry)\"\nof the Southern Cross consisting of four or five stars. The star and crescent symbol is found in flags of states succeeding the Ottoman Empire, which used flags with this symbol during 1793-1923. The twelve stars on the Flag of Europe (1955) symbolize unity. The green five-pointed star on the Esperanto flag (1890) symbolizes the five inhabited continents. The 50 stars of the US flag is the largest number on any national flag. The second-largest number of stars on a current national flag is 27, on the flag of Brazil. The current national flags featuring stars include: Not bearing heraldic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1647142", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States\"\nto rumor, the Washington family coat of arms, shown in a 15th-century window of Selby Abbey, was the origin of the stars and stripes. In 1795, the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union). For a time the flag was not changed when subsequent states were admitted, probably because it was thought that this would cause too much clutter. It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write \"\"Defence of Fort M'Henry\"\", later known as \"\"The Star Spangled Banner\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "252604", "chunk_text": "\"Flag Acts (United States)\"\nflag of the thirteen United States be thirteen stripes, alternate red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new constellation. The Flag Act of 1794 () was signed into law by President George Washington on January 13, 1794. It changed the design of the flag to accommodate the admission into the Union of the states of Vermont and Kentucky. It provided for fifteen stripes as well as fifteen stars. This would be the only official flag of the United States not to have thirteen stripes. The Flag Act of 1818 () was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19284521", "chunk_text": "\"Five-pointed star\"\na single five-pointed star known as \"\"La Estrella Solitaria\"\" (The Lone Star). The similar flag of Texas was introduced in 1839. The star and crescent used by the Ottoman Empire was shown with an eight-pointed stars in early forms (18th century), but was changed to a five-pointed star in the official flag in 1844. Numerous other national or regional flags adopted five-pointed star designs in the later 19th to early 20th century, including Venezuela (1859), Honduras (1866), Philippines (1898), Cuba (1902), Panama (1925) and Jordan (1928). The Flag of Minnesota and 1901 Maine Flag both utilized the 5-pointed design. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19284520", "chunk_text": "\"Five-pointed star\"\nfeatures 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. The American flag shown in the painting \"\"Surrender of Lord Cornwallis\"\" by John Trumbull (c. 1820, depicting an event of 1781) shows twelve stars arranged along the outline of a rectangle with an additional star in the center. Five-pointed stars became more frequently used in the 19th century. The coat of arms of Valais, adopted for the Rhodanic Republic (1802), was designed with twelve five-pointed stars. The flag of Chile, introduced in 1817, has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8003838", "chunk_text": "\"History of the flags of the United States\"\nHistory of the flags of the United States This article describes the evolution of the flag of the United States of America, as well as other flags used within the country, such as the flags of governmental agencies. There are also separate flags for embassies and boats. Since 1818, a star for each new state has been added to the flag on the Fourth of July immediately following each state's admission. In years which multiple states were admitted, the number of stars on the flag jumped correspondingly; the most pronounced example of this is 1890, when five states were admitted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5176165", "chunk_text": "\"Star-Spangled Banner (flag)\"\nstars and stripes, approved by the United States Congress's Flag Act of 1794, represent Vermont and Kentucky's entrance into the Union. The stars are arranged in vertical rows, with five horizontal rows of stars, offset, each containing three stars. At the time, the practice of adding stripes (in addition to stars) with the induction of a new state had not yet been discontinued. The flag originally measured . Each of the fifteen stripes is wide, and each of the stars measures about in diameter. After the battle, the Armistead family occasionally gave away pieces of the flag as souvenirs and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1647130", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States\"\nand white; that the union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new constellation.\"\" Flag Day is now observed on June 14 of each year. While scholars still argue about this, tradition holds that the new flag was first hoisted in June 1777 by the Continental Army at the Middlebrook encampment. The first official U.S. flag flown during battle was on August 3, 1777, at Fort Schuyler (Fort Stanwix) during the Siege of Fort Stanwix. Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler. Soldiers cut up their shirts to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7079109", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States Navy\"\nFlag of the United States Navy The flag of the United States Navy consists of the seal of the U.S. Department of the Navy in the center, above a yellow scroll inscribed \"\"United States Navy\"\" in dark blue letters, against a dark blue background. The flag was officially authorized by President Dwight D. Eisenhower on 24 April 1959 and was formally introduced to the public on 30 April 1959 at a ceremony at Naval Support Facility Carderock in Maryland . It replaced the infantry battalion flag which had been used as the U.S. Navy's unofficial flag for many years beforehand.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3175059", "chunk_text": "\"Castle Hill (Sitka, Alaska)\"\n1877, and remained a center of US government administration until the building burned. In 1898 the hill was transferred to the United States Department of Agriculture, which built a structure on the hill which served as its Alaska headquarters until 1932. This building was then used for a variety of commercial purposes before it was demolished in 1955. The site was then designated a territorial park. When Alaska was admitted as the 49th U.S. state in 1959, Castle Hill was the location where the first 49-star U.S. flag in Alaska was raised, though the ceremony was unofficial and secret. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8003839", "chunk_text": "\"History of the flags of the United States\"\nwithin the span of a single year (North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, and Washington in November 1889 and Idaho on July 3, 1890). This change has typically been the only change made with each revision of the flag since 1777, with the exception of changes in 1795 and 1818, which increased the number of stripes to 15 and then returned it to 13, respectively. As the exact pattern of stars was not specified prior to 1912, and the exact colors not specified prior to 1934, many of the historical U.S. national flags shown below are typical rather than official designs.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20986124", "chunk_text": "\"United States Navy\"\nMany ships chose to shift colors later that year on the first anniversary of the September 11, 2001 attacks. The previous naval jack was a blue field with 50 white stars, identical to the canton of the ensign (the flag of the United States) both in appearance and size, and remains in use with vessels of the U.S. Coast Guard and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. A jack of similar design was used in 1794, though with 13 stars arranged in a 3–2–3–2–3 pattern. When a ship is moored or anchored, the jack is flown from the bow of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19284524", "chunk_text": "\"Five-pointed star\"\nthe People's Republic of China (1949), as well as on the flags of most Communist countries. In the 1930s, red luminescent Kremlin stars were installed on five towers of the Moscow Kremlin, replacing gilded eagles that had symbolized Imperial Russia. Since then, it is customary to install similarly looking red stars atop New Year trees in the Soviet Union, a tradition that continues to this day in Russia. In the Emblem of Italy, adopted in 1947, the five-pointed star represents the \"\"Star of Italy\"\". The \"\"Flag of Europe\"\", designed in 1955 on behalf of the Council of Europe (CoE) and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7523599", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States\"\nor vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12655620", "chunk_text": "\"National flag\"\ndefined in a Flag Act of 1818 to the effect that \"\"on the admission of every new state into the Union, one star be added to the union of the flag\"\"; it was changed for the last time in 1960 with the accession of Hawaii. A change in national flag is often due to a change of regime, especially following a civil war or revolution. In such cases, the military origins of the national flag and its connection to political ideology (form of government, monarchy vs. republic vs. theocracy, etc.) remains visible. In such cases national flags acquire the status", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20563667", "chunk_text": "\"Byron McCandless\"\nRoosevelt and Assistant Secretary of War Henry Breckinridge. McCandless suggested a design which added four stars to the Navy's version (which used the Great Seal on a blue background), as this would be enough to distinguish it from the Army infantry flag. McCandless then met with Wilson to demonstrate the proposed design; Wilson liked it but wanted to use the eagle from the presidential seal instead. This became the final design, and Wilson issued on May 29, 1916 to officially define it. In March 1945, Franklin Roosevelt wondered if the four stars were still appropriate, given the creation of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8684753", "chunk_text": "\"United States Flag Code\"\n77-623; chapter 435. Little had changed in the code since the Flag Day 1923 Conference. The most notable change was the removal of the Bellamy salute due to its similarities to the Hitler salute. The Freedom to Display the American Flag Act of 2005 prohibits real estate management organizations from restricting homeowners from displaying the Flag of the United States on their own property. The Army Specialist Joseph P. Micks Federal Flag Code Amendment Act of 2007 added a provision to fly the flag at half-staff upon the death of a member of the Armed Forces from any State, territory,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10783403", "chunk_text": "\"Ensign of the United States\"\nwith a fouled anchor in a circle of thirteen stars in the canton, was created by Act of Congress in August 1848 as a flag to be used by licensed U.S. yachts. The design was recommended by the New York Yacht Club in 1849. Yachts eligible for the license were initially 20 net tons and over (later reduced to 15 net tons) and otherwise eligible to be enrolled as a US vessel; the license allowed the yacht to proceed from port to port without the formality of clearing customs. The 1848 act used the word 'signal' to describe the flag", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11356512", "chunk_text": "\"Samuel Chester Reid\"\nSamuel Chester Reid Samuel Chester Reid (24 August 1783 – 28 January 1861) was an officer in the United States Navy who commanded a privateer during the War of 1812. He is also noted for having helped design the 1818 version of the flag of the United States, which first established the rule of keeping thirteen stripes and adding one star for each U.S. state. Reid was born in Norwich, Connecticut, to John and Rebecca (Chester) Reid. John Reid, a lieutenant in the British Navy, was captured during the American Revolutionary War before resigning and joining the American side. Rebecca", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4652136", "chunk_text": "\"Jack (flag)\"\nand Latvia. From 1777 until September 2002, the United States Navy flew the \"\"union jack\"\", the blue canton with white stars from the U.S. national ensign. (Since September 11, 2002, the U.S. Navy has flown the First Navy Jack, originally used 1775–76, with a rattlesnake and the motto \"\"Dont Tread on Me\"\" superimposed on thirteen alternating red and white stripes.) The Confederate States of America followed the same pattern for its first naval jack (1861–1863), the canton of its first navy ensign, with seven stars forming a circle on a \"\"medium blue\"\" field. Later versions had up to fifteen stars.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10783401", "chunk_text": "\"Ensign of the United States\"\nemblem. The Coast Guard badge was slightly modified in 1966. The Coast Guard continues to use the \"\"badged\"\" or \"\"defaced\"\" version of the ensign, although it is now flown by Coast Guard ships and facilities in conjunction with the US national ensign, and not as a stand-alone ensign. The design of both flags' (Customs and Coast Guard) cantons (i.e., the eagle and stars) was altered in 1951 to make them conform to \"\"the arms of the United States,\"\" as was specified in Wolcott's original design statement in 1799. Information about early U.S. civil ensigns is scant, but there is evidence", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2124483", "chunk_text": "\"Star-Spangled Banner (flag)\"\ngifts; this cutting, along with deterioration from continued use, removed several feet of fabric from the flag's fly end, and it now measures . The flag currently has only fourteen stars—the fifteenth star was similarly given as a gift, but its recipient and current whereabouts are unknown. The Flag was flown over the fort when 5,000 British soldiers and a fleet of 19 ships attacked Baltimore on September 12, 1814. The bombardment turned to Fort McHenry on the evening of September 13, and continuous shelling occurred for 25 hours under heavy rain. When the British ships were unable to pass", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16195530", "chunk_text": "\"Star (heraldry)\"\nof Waldeck and Erbach have stars in their coats of arms, as do several Swiss knights. Stars are nearly ubiquitous in United States heraldry and vexillology and nearly always appear unpierced with five straight-sided points. In the flag of the United States, each star represents one state. The flag adopted in 1777 is the attributed origin of the thirteen stars, representing the thirteen United States, appearing on the Great Seal since 1780. A mullet \"\"barbed to chief\"\" appears in the arms of the 240th Signal Battalion of the 40th Infantry Division of the California Army National Guard United States Army.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5891526", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States Coast Guard\"\nSemper Paratus\"\" were added. After 1950, the semicircle of stars was changed to the circle containing 13 stars. The Coast Guard standard is used during parades and ceremonies and is adorned by the Coast Guard's 34 battle streamers. The Coast Guard is unique to the other services for it has two official flags, the Coast Guard standard and the Coast Guard ensign. The current flag was officially adopted on January 28, 1964. The Coast Guard Ensign (flag) was first flown by the Revenue Cutter Service in 1799 to distinguish revenue cutters from merchant ships. The order stated the Ensign would", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19284523", "chunk_text": "\"Five-pointed star\"\nfigure of Helvetia surrounded by 22 stars, enumerating the Swiss cantons (in 1983 changed to 23 stars to reflect the creation of the canton of Jura). The green five-pointed star used as a symbol of Esperanto was first proposed in 1890. The five-pointed Red Star as a symbol of communism was adopted during the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922. Its origin is unknown. The red star is featured on the state emblem of the Soviet Union (1923) and North Korea (1948). Another variant is a yellow (golden) star on red background, as on the state emblem of Vietnam (1945) and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11356518", "chunk_text": "\"Samuel Chester Reid\"\nWar (1863), served as the United States consul in Cyprus (1866–77) and became the first Director of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York (1879-1904). Samuel Chester Reid Samuel Chester Reid (24 August 1783 – 28 January 1861) was an officer in the United States Navy who commanded a privateer during the War of 1812. He is also noted for having helped design the 1818 version of the flag of the United States, which first established the rule of keeping thirteen stripes and adding one star for each U.S. state. Reid was born in Norwich, Connecticut, to John and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19338314", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of Arkansas\"\nchaired by Secretary of State Earle Hodges, Hocker added \"\"ARKANSAS\"\" and rearranged the stars to one on top and two on bottom. This flag was adopted by the legislature on February 26, 1913. In 1923, the legislature added a fourth star, representing the Confederate States of America. This fourth star was originally placed so that there were two stars above the state name and two below; this was to include the Confederacy alongside Spain, France, and the United States. Since this disturbed the other two meanings of the original three stars, the legislature corrected this in 1924 by placing the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3324	who was the famous scientist that ran the research lab moseley went to in manchester?	n/a	[ "Sir Ernest Rutherford" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14963599", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Moseley\"\nthe daughter of the Welsh biologist and conchologist John Gwyn Jeffreys. Henry Moseley had been a very promising schoolboy at Summer Fields School (where one of the four 'leagues' is named after him), and he was awarded a King's scholarship to attend Eton College. In 1906 he won the chemistry and physics prizes at Eton. In 1906, Moseley entered Trinity College of the University of Oxford, where he earned his bachelor's degree. Immediately after graduation from Oxford in 1910, Moseley became a demonstrator in physics at the University of Manchester under the supervision of Sir Ernest Rutherford. During Moseley's first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1659019", "chunk_text": "\"Balliol College, Oxford\"\nHall\"\" and \"\"Old Library\"\" is also by Salvin, of 1853 and balances that at Stc XVI–XIX. Underneath part of the Garden Quad and extending into Trinity were the Balliol-Trinity Laboratories, the most prominent Oxford physical and chemical laboratories in late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, in which physical chemist Henry Moseley (originator of the atomic number) and Nobel Laureate Cyril Hinshelwood worked. These are now disused, following the construction of the University Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory on South Parks Road. The Garden Quad at Balliol is the scene of the well-known limerick that parodies the immaterialist philosophy of Bishop", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14963598", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Moseley\"\nat the age of 27. Experts have speculated that Moseley could otherwise have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1916. As a consequence, the British government instituted new policies for eligibility for combat duty. Henry G. J. Moseley, known to his friends as Harry, was born in Weymouth in Dorset in 1887. His father Henry Nottidge Moseley (1844–91), who died when Henry Moseley was quite young, was a biologist and also a professor of anatomy and physiology at the University of Oxford, who had been a member of the Challenger Expedition. Moseley's mother was Amabel Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16806683", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Moseley (mathematician)\"\nHenry Moseley (mathematician) Henry Moseley (9 July 1801 – 20 January 1872) was an English churchman, mathematician, and scientist. The son of Dr. William Willis Moseley, who kept a school at Newcastle-under-Lyme, and his wife Margaret (née Jackson), he was born on 9 July 1801. He was sent at an early age to the grammar school there, and when fifteen or sixteen to a school at Abbeville. Later he attended, for a short time, a naval school in Portsmouth. In 1819 Moseley went to St John's College, Cambridge. He graduated B.A. in 1826, coming out seventh wrangler, and proceeded M.A.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11972818", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Moseley\"\nstep of demonstrating the actual foundation of atomic numbers. Ernest Rutherford commented that Moseley's work, \"\"Allowed him to complete during two years at the outset of his career a set of researches that would surely have brought him a Nobel prize\"\". Memorial plaques to Moseley were installed at Manchester and Eton, and a Royal Society scholarship, established by his will, had as its second recipient the physicist P. M. S. Blackett, who later became president of the Society. Henry Moseley Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley (; 23 November 1887 – 10 August 1915) was an English physicist, whose contribution to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14963600", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Moseley\"\nyear at Manchester, he had a teaching load as a graduate teaching assistant, but following that first year, he was reassigned from his teaching duties to work as a graduate research assistant. He declined a fellowship offered by Rutherford, preferring to move back to Oxford, in November 1913, where he was given laboratory facilities but no support. Experimenting with the energy of beta particles in 1912, Moseley showed that high potentials were attainable from a radioactive source of radium, thereby inventing the first atomic battery, though he was unable to produce the 1MeV necessary to stop the particles. In 1913,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1744424", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Moseley\"\nLeeds, and developing others himself. Many of the techniques of X-ray spectroscopy were inspired by the methods that are used with visible light spectroscopes and spectrograms, by substituting crystals, ionization chambers, and photographic plates for their analogs in light spectroscopy. In some cases, Moseley found it necessary to modify his equipment to detect particularly soft [lower frequency] X-rays that could not penetrate either air or paper, by working with his instruments in a vacuum chamber. Sometime in the first half of 1914, Moseley resigned from his position at Manchester, with plans to return to Oxford and continue his physics research", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14963596", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Moseley\"\nHenry Moseley Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley (; 23 November 1887 – 10 August 1915) was an English physicist, whose contribution to the science of physics was the justification from physical laws of the previous empirical and chemical concept of the atomic number. This stemmed from his development of Moseley's law in X-ray spectra. Moseley's law advanced atomic physics, nuclear physics and quantum physics by providing the first experimental evidence in favour of Niels Bohr's theory, aside from the hydrogen atom spectrum which the Bohr theory was designed to reproduce. That theory refined Ernest Rutherford's and Antonius van den Broek's model,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160641", "chunk_text": "\"Science and engineering in Manchester\"\nGeiger, Ernest Marsden, John Cockcroft and James Chadwick. J. J. Thomson, a Manchester-born physicist hailing from Cheetham Hill, who enrolled to Owens College as a 14-year-old. Thomson would go on to discover the electron in 1897 and isotope, as well as inventing the mass spectrometer. All of which, contributed to his award of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1906. Thomson also proposed the plum pudding model, which was later confirmed as scientifically incorrect by Rutherford. In 1907, Ernest Rutherford, a scientist who had been taught by Thomson at the University of Cambridge, moved to Manchester to become chair of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10367429", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Nottidge Moseley\"\nHenry Nottidge Moseley Henry Nottidge Moseley FRS (14 November 1844 – 10 November 1891) was a British naturalist who sailed on the global scientific expedition of HMS \"\"Challenger\"\" in 1872 through 1876. Moseley was born in Wandsworth, London, the son of Henry Moseley. He was educated at Harrow School, at Exeter College, Oxford (Arts) and at the University of London (medicine). He married Amabel Gwyn Jeffreys, daughter of the conchologist John Gwyn Jeffreys, in 1881, and they were the parents of the noted British physicist Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley. Moseley delivered the Royal Society Croonian Lecture in 1878 and was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8654002", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Moseley\"\nwhich proposed that the atom contains in its nucleus a number of positive nuclear charges that is equal to its (atomic) number in the periodic table. This remains the accepted model today. When World War I broke out in Western Europe, Moseley left his research work at the University of Oxford behind to volunteer for the Royal Engineers of the British Army. Moseley was assigned to the force of British Empire soldiers that invaded the region of Gallipoli, Turkey, in April 1915, as a telecommunications officer. Moseley was shot and killed during the Battle of Gallipoli on 10 August 1915,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1744427", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Moseley\"\ncertainty never dreamed of before. Had the European War had no other result than the snuffing out of this young life, that alone would make it one of the most hideous and most irreparable crimes in history.\"\" Isaac Asimov wrote, \"\"In view of what he [Moseley] might still have accomplished … his death might well have been the most costly single death of the War to mankind generally.\"\" Because of Moseley's death in World War I, and after much lobbying by Ernest Rutherford, the British government instituted a policy of no longer allowing its prominent and promising scientists to enlist", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20576147", "chunk_text": "\"University of Manchester\"\nbeing subsequently added. Manchester has traditionally been strong in the sciences; it is where the nuclear nature of the atom was discovered by Ernest Rutherford, and the world's first electronic stored-program computer was built at the university. Notable scientists associated with the university include physicists Ernest Rutherford, Osborne Reynolds, Niels Bohr, James Chadwick, Arthur Schuster, Hans Geiger, Ernest Marsden and Balfour Stewart. Contributions in other fields such as mathematics were made by Paul Erdős, Horace Lamb and Alan Turing and in philosophy by Samuel Alexander, Ludwig Wittgenstein and Alasdair MacIntyre. The author Anthony Burgess, Pritzker Prize and RIBA Stirling Prize-winning", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20576172", "chunk_text": "\"University of Manchester\"\nuniversity (namely the first working computer and the contraceptive pill). The university currently employs four Nobel Prize winners amongst its staff, more than any other in the UK. The Langworthy Professorship, an endowed chair at the University's School of Physics and Astronomy, has been historically given to a long line of academic luminaries, including Ernest Rutherford (1907–19), Lawrence Bragg (1919–37), Patrick Blackett (1937–53) and more recently Konstantin Novoselov, all of whom have won the Nobel Prize. In 2013 Manchester was given the Regius Professorship in Physics, the only one of its kind in the UK; the current holder is Andre", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7364636", "chunk_text": "\"Science and engineering in Manchester\"\nquote linked to Manchester is: \"\"\"\"What Manchester does today, the rest of the world does tomorrow\"\"\"\". Pioneering breakthroughs such as the first 'true' canal which spawned 'Canal Mania', the first intercity railway station which led to 'railway mania' and the first stored-program computer. The city has achieved great success in the field of physics, with the electron (J. J. Thomson, 1897), proton (Rutherford, 1917), neutron (James Chadwick, 1934) all being discovered by scientists educated (Chadwick and Rutherford) or born (Thomson) in Manchester. Famous scientists to have studied in Manchester include John Dalton, James Prescott Joule, J. J. Thomson, Ernest Rutherford,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13979773", "chunk_text": "\"Moseley's law\"\ntube to aim x-rays at an element and measure the diffraction lines and spectra produced. Moseley and other physicists used this technique to study various elements. The use of x-rays does not produce the full spectrum of a heated element, but produces a limited number of spectral lines within the x-ray region with the most visually prominent or intense line denoted as the K-alpha line. Following conversations in 1913 with Niels Bohr, a fellow worker in Ernest Rutherford's Cavendish laboratory, Moseley had become interested in the Bohr model of the atom, in which the spectra of light emitted by atoms", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7700616", "chunk_text": "\"University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology\"\nfounding of what is now the Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester. Famous alumni include Nobel Laureate in nuclear physics Sir John Cockcroft, aeroplane pioneer Sir Arthur Whitten Brown, and designer of the Lancaster bomber Roy Chadwick, while famous academics include mathematicians Louis Joel Mordell, Hanna Neumann, Lewis Fry Richardson and Robin Bullough, and the physicist Henry Lipson. Other notable alumni include Margaret Beckett, a politician who in 2006 became Foreign Secretary. The later 20th century saw UMIST diminishing its formal connections with Manchester University. In 1994 most of the remaining institutional ties with the Victoria University of Manchester", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8956754", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Nottidge Moseley\"\nBurnett Tylor, oversaw the transfer of Pitt-Rivers' collection from London to Oxford Moseley exerted significant influences on his noted students Halford Mackinder and Walter Garstang, who changed his career choice from medicine to zoology under Moseley's supervision. Moseley was awarded the Royal Society's Royal Medal in 1887. Moseley's publications include : Moseley studied invertebrate biology and the phylogeny of arthropods, coral, and molluscs. Moseley is commemorated in the Latin name of the species, northern rockhopper penguin, the \"\"Eudyptes moseleyi\"\". Henry Nottidge Moseley Henry Nottidge Moseley FRS (14 November 1844 – 10 November 1891) was a British naturalist who sailed on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11429114", "chunk_text": "\"School of Chemistry, University of Manchester\"\nChemistry. John Dalton founded modern Chemistry in 1803 with his atomic theory. William Henry (1774 – 1836) was a Manchester chemist who developed what is known today as Henry's Law. James Joule pioneered the science of thermodynamics in the 1840s while working in Manchester. In the basement of the Royal Manchester Institution a laboratory was installed by Lyon Playfair who worked there briefly as Professor of Chemistry after he left Thomson's of Clitheroe. He was succeeded by Frederick Crace Calvert who made phenol which was used by Joseph Lister as an antiseptic. The teaching of chemistry in Owens College began", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16717329", "chunk_text": "\"Culture of the United Kingdom\"\nat Roslin Institute in Edinburgh), became a celebrity in the 1990s. Other famous scientists, engineers, theorists and inventors from the UK include Sir Francis Bacon, Richard Trevithick (Train), Thomas Henry Huxley, Francis Crick (DNA), Rosalind Franklin (Photo 51), Robert Boyle (Boyle's Law), Robert Hooke, Thomas Young, Humphry Davy (discovered \"\"laughing gas\"\" (nitrous oxide), isolated many elements (such as calcium), invented Davy lamp), Robert Watson-Watt (radar), J. J. Thomson (discovered Electron), James Chadwick (discovered Neutron), Frederick Soddy (discovered Isotope), John Cockcroft, Henry Bessemer, Edmond Halley (Halley's comet), Sir William Herschel (discovered Uranus), Charles Parsons (Steam turbine), Alan Blumlein (Stereo sound), John", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16648869", "chunk_text": "\"University of Manchester\"\nWoolton Hall is next to Oak House. Allen Hall is a traditional hall near Ashburne Hall (Sheavyn House being annexed to Ashburne). Richmond Park is a recent addition to the campus. Many notable people have worked or studied at one or both of the two former institutions that now form the University of Manchester, including 25 Nobel prize laureates. Some of the best-known are: John Dalton (founder of modern atomic theory), Ernest Rutherford who proved the nuclear nature of the atom whilst working at Manchester, Ludwig Wittgenstein (considered one of the most significant philosophers of the 20th century, who studied", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10398035", "chunk_text": "\"Dorothy M. Needham\"\nDorothy M. Needham Dorothy Mary Moyle Needham FRS (22 September 1896 – 22 December 1987) was an English biochemist known for her work on the biochemistry of muscle. She was married to biochemist Joseph Needham. Dorothy Moyle was born in London, to patent clerk John Thomas Moyle and his wife, Ellen Daves. She attended Claremont College, Stockport, an institution run by her aunt, Agnes Daves, and St Hilary's School, Alderley Edge, before entering Girton College at the University of Cambridge. At Girton she became interested in chemistry, and biochemistry in particular after attending the lectures of Frederick Gowland Hopkins. After", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15093583", "chunk_text": "\"Charles Moseley (writer)\"\nCharles Moseley (writer) Charles Moseley (born 24 April 1941), who also publishes as C. W. R. D. Moseley, is an English writer, scholar, and teacher, and a former fellow of Wolfson College and Life Fellow of Hughes Hall in Cambridge, as well as a fellow of the English Association, the Society of Antiquaries of London, and the Royal Society of Arts. Moseley was born in Lancashire and educated at Beach Road County Primary School, Cleveleys, Arnold School, Blackpool (1952-9), Queens' College, Cambridge (BA, 1962), and completed his PhD at the University of East Anglia in 1971 entitled \"\"\"\"Mandeville's travels: a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10894697", "chunk_text": "\"University of Manchester Faculty of Science and Engineering\"\nnew ground. Rutherford began his work on splitting the atom at the University (and later received the Nobel Prize in 1908 for his work on radioactivity). The world's first electronic stored-program computer, the Manchester Baby, came into being at the University, as did its successor, the Manchester Mark 1. The University of Manchester was the birthplace of Chemical Engineering. The world's first steerable radio telescope at Jodrell Bank was built at the University by Bernard Lovell. Since 1906, when former student Joseph Thompson won the Nobel Prize in Physics, the faculty and its antecedent institutions have produced more than 11", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10744562", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Moseley (mathematician)\"\nand other journals. The observed motion of the lead on the roof of Bristol Cathedral, under changes of temperature, caused him to advance the theory that the motion of glaciers might be explained in the same way. Moseley married, on 23 April 1835, Harriet, daughter of William Nottidge of Wandsworth Common, Surrey. Henry Nottidge Moseley was their son. Henry Moseley (mathematician) Henry Moseley (9 July 1801 – 20 January 1872) was an English churchman, mathematician, and scientist. The son of Dr. William Willis Moseley, who kept a school at Newcastle-under-Lyme, and his wife Margaret (née Jackson), he was born on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11972815", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Moseley\"\nfor combat duty in the armed forces of the Crown. Isaac Asimov also speculated that, in the event that he had not been killed while in the service of the British Empire, Moseley might very well have been awarded the 1916 Nobel Prize in Physics, which, along with the prize for chemistry, was not awarded to anyone that year. Additional credence is given to this idea by noting the recipients of the Nobel Prize in Physics in the two preceding years, 1914 and 1915, and in the following year, 1917. In 1914, Max von Laue of Germany won the Nobel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17846837", "chunk_text": "\"Thomas Edward Thorpe\"\nThomas Edward Thorpe Sir Thomas Edward Thorpe CB, FRS HFRSE LLD (8 December 1845 – 23 February 1925) was a British chemist. He is usually simply called Edward Thorpe. From 1894 to 1909 he was Chief Chemist to the British Government, as Director of the Government Laboratory. Born at Barnes Green in Harpurhey, Manchester, the son of George Thorpe, a cotton merchant at Trafford Bank and his wife, Mary Wilde. He was educated at Hulme Grammar School. Thorpe originally worked as a clerk, but in 1863 began working as an assistant to Henry Roscoe, a professor of chemistry at Owen's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20576157", "chunk_text": "\"University of Manchester\"\nWalters, who also designed Manchester's Free Trade Hall. Whitworth used the house as a social, political and business base, entertaining radicals such as John Bright, Richard Cobden, William Forster and T.H. Huxley at the time of the Reform Bill of 1867. Whitworth, credited with raising the art of machine-tool building to a previously unknown level, supported the Mechanics Institute – the birthplace of UMIST – and was a founder the Manchester School of Design. Whilst living there, Whitworth used land at the rear (now the site of the University's botanical glasshouses) for testing his \"\"Whitworth rifle\"\". In 1882, The Firs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14963622", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Moseley\"\nPrize in Physics for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals, which was a crucial step towards the invention of X-ray spectroscopy. Then, in 1915, William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg, a British father-son pair, shared this Nobel Prize for their discoveries in the reverse problem — determining the structure of crystals using X-rays (Robert Charles Bragg, William Henry Bragg's other son, had also been killed at Gallipoli, on 2 September 1915). Next, Moseley used the diffraction of X-rays by known crystals in measuring the X-ray spectra of metals. This was the first use of X-ray spectroscopy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17406248", "chunk_text": "\"University of Manchester\"\n25 Nobel laureates among its past and present students and staff, the fourth-highest number of any single university in the United Kingdom. Four Nobel laureates are currently among its staff – more than any other British university. The University of Manchester traces its roots to the formation of the Mechanics' Institute (later UMIST) in 1824, and its heritage is linked to Manchester's pride in being the world's first industrial city. The English chemist John Dalton, together with Manchester businessmen and industrialists, established the Mechanics' Institute to ensure that workers could learn the basic principles of science. John Owens, a textile", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12105693", "chunk_text": "\"John Pickstone\"\nJohn Pickstone John Pickstone (29 May 1944 – 12 February 2014) was a British historian of science and the Wellcome Research Professor in the Centre for the History of science, Technology and Medicine, in the Faculty of Life Sciences of the University of Manchester. Pickstone was born and raised in Burnley, Lancashire, England. After attending Burnley Grammar School, he studied Natural sciences, especially physiology, at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge and at Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario. After his degree he took an MSc in History and philosophy of science at University College London, 1969, and completed his PhD at Chelsea College London,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6302418", "chunk_text": "\"West Heath, West Midlands\"\nrecords that several middle class residents were living in the larger houses of West Heath including two professors of chemistry at the new University of Birmingham - Percy Faraday Frankland F.R.S. (son of Edward Frankland, an eminent scientist who discovered chemical valency and also godson of the famous physicist, Michael Faraday) lived at The Dell and Adrian John Brown F.R.S. (whose chair at the university was actually that of Malting and Brewing and who became a pioneer in enzyme kinetics) who lived with his family in West Heath House, which was the largest residence in the village but was demolished", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13979771", "chunk_text": "\"Moseley's law\"\nMoseley's law Moseley's law is an empirical law concerning the characteristic x-rays that are emitted by atoms. The law was discovered and published by the English physicist Henry Moseley in 1913. It is historically important in quantitatively justifying the conception of the nuclear model of the atom, with all, or nearly all, positive charges of the atom located in the nucleus, and associated on an integer basis with atomic number. Until Moseley's work, \"\"atomic number\"\" was merely an element's place in the periodic table, and was not known to be associated with any measurable physical quantity. Moseley was able to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17227777", "chunk_text": "\"Royal Manchester Institution\"\nheld regular art exhibitions, collected works of fine art and promoted the arts generally from the 1820s until 1882, when the building and its collections were transferred under Act of Parliament to Manchester Corporation, becoming Manchester Art Gallery. In the basement a laboratory was installed by Lyon Playfair who worked there briefly as Professor of Chemistry after he left Thomson's of Clitheroe. He was succeeded by Frederick Crace Calvert who made phenol which was used by Joseph Lister as an antiseptic. The first school of design in Manchester was accommodated in the building from 1838. In the 1880s it moved", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5415711", "chunk_text": "\"Science and technology in the United Kingdom\"\nScience and technology in the United Kingdom Science and technology in the United Kingdom has a long history, producing many important figures and developments in the field. Major theorists from the UK include Isaac Newton whose laws of motion and illumination of gravity have been seen as a keystone of modern science and Charles Darwin whose theory of evolution by natural selection was fundamental to the development of modern biology. Major scientific discoveries include hydrogen by Henry Cavendish, penicillin by Alexander Fleming, and the structure of DNA, by Francis Crick and others. Major engineering projects and applications pursued by people", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8654026", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Moseley\"\ntime of his death, Moseley could, in the opinion of some scientists, have contributed much to the knowledge of atomic structure had he survived. Niels Bohr said in 1962 that Rutherford's work \"\"was not taken seriously at all\"\" and that the \"\"great change came from Moseley.\"\" Robert Millikan wrote, \"\"In a research which is destined to rank as one of the dozen most brilliant in conception, skillful in execution, and illuminating in results in the history of science, a young man twenty-six years old threw open the windows through which we can glimpse the sub-atomic world with a definiteness and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17939170", "chunk_text": "\"Langworthy Professor\"\nFlowers, Arthur Schuster (1888–1907), Samuel Devons. The current holder is Konstantin Novoselov (2013–). Langworthy Professor The Langworthy Professor is the holder of an endowed chair in the School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, England. It was founded by a bequest of £10,000 for the purpose of endowing a professorship of experimental physics by E. R. Langworthy in 1874. It began at Owens College and from 1903/04 to 2004 was a chair at the Victoria University of Manchester, now The University of Manchester. Previous holders include the Nobel prize winners Ernest Rutherford (1907–19), Lawrence Bragg (1919–37), Patrick Blackett (1937–1953),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7364637", "chunk_text": "\"Science and engineering in Manchester\"\nJames Chadwick and Alan Turing. A creative and often seen as a bohemian city, Manchester also had the highest number of patent applications per head of population in the United Kingdom in 2003. The city is served by the University of Manchester, previously UMIST and the Victoria University of Manchester pre-2004. The university has a total of 25 Nobel Laureates; only the Oxbridge universities have more Nobel laureates. The city is also served by the Museum of Science and Industry celebrating Mancunian, as well as national achievements in both fields. In 1630, astronomer William Crabtree observed the transit of Venus.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7126861", "chunk_text": "Withington\nin 1897. In 1911, the Austrian philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein was known to have lodgings at 104 (now 154) Palatine Road while he was a student at the Victoria University of Manchester. Dame Kathleen Ollerenshaw, who was a Conservative councillor for Rusholme for 26 years and a post-graduate of the University of Oxford, was born here in 1912. Ernest Rutherford, who pioneered the orbital theory of the atom, lived in the village between 1898 and 1910. He is commemorated with a blue plaque on the house in which he lived on Wilmslow Road, now called \"\"Rutherford Lodge\"\". Alan Erasmus, co-founder of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10894698", "chunk_text": "\"University of Manchester Faculty of Science and Engineering\"\nNobel laureates in Physics out of the 25 awarded to staff or students of the University of Manchester as a whole. Most recently, Manchester physicists Andre Geim and Kostya Novoselov won the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics for their pioneering work with graphene. The University's history is closely linked to Manchester's emergence as the world's first industrial city. Manchester businessmen and industrialists established the Mechanics' Institute to ensure that their workers could learn the basic principles of science. Similarly, John Owens, a Manchester textile merchant, left a bequest of £96,942 in 1851 for the purpose of founding a college for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10398041", "chunk_text": "\"Dorothy M. Needham\"\nto found two new colleges at Cambridge University for research women who had no college appointments: New Hall in 1946, and Lucy Cavendish College in 1962. Dorothy M. Needham Dorothy Mary Moyle Needham FRS (22 September 1896 – 22 December 1987) was an English biochemist known for her work on the biochemistry of muscle. She was married to biochemist Joseph Needham. Dorothy Moyle was born in London, to patent clerk John Thomas Moyle and his wife, Ellen Daves. She attended Claremont College, Stockport, an institution run by her aunt, Agnes Daves, and St Hilary's School, Alderley Edge, before entering Girton", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6766514", "chunk_text": "\"Edward Schunck\"\nnext to other laboratories of the university. It is no longer used as a laboratory and is Grade II listed; the building is named after him. The room in which Schunck kept his library on the first floor is remarkably ornate. His books are now in the John Rylands University Library and his specimens in the Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester. Chaim Weizmann spent a period working in this laboratory during his time at Manchester. Edward Schunck Henry Edward Schunck (16 August 1820 – 13 January 1903) was a British chemist who did much work with dyes. Henry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17406251", "chunk_text": "\"University of Manchester\"\npolytechnics. Manchester mill owner, Thomas Ashton, chairman of the extension movement had studied at Heidelberg University. Sir Henry Roscoe also studied at Heidelberg under Robert Bunsen and they collaborated for many years on research projects. Roscoe promoted the German style of research led teaching that became the role model for the redbrick universities. Charles Beyer studied at Dresden Academy Polytechnic. There were many Germans on the staff, including Carl Schorlemmer, Britain's first chair in organic chemistry, and Arthur Schuster, professor of Physics. There was even a German chapel on the campus. In 1873 the college moved to new premises on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3147098", "chunk_text": "Chemistry\nJ.J. Thomson of Cambridge University discovered the electron and soon after the French scientist Becquerel as well as the couple Pierre and Marie Curie investigated the phenomenon of radioactivity. In a series of pioneering scattering experiments Ernest Rutherford at the University of Manchester discovered the internal structure of the atom and the existence of the proton, classified and explained the different types of radioactivity and successfully transmuted the first element by bombarding nitrogen with alpha particles. His work on atomic structure was improved on by his students, the Danish physicist Niels Bohr and Henry Moseley. The electronic theory of chemical", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10955645", "chunk_text": "\"Daresbury Laboratory\"\nDaresbury Laboratory Daresbury Laboratory is a scientific research laboratory based at Sci-Tech Daresbury science and innovation campus near Daresbury in Halton, Cheshire, England. The laboratory began operations in 1962 and was officially opened on 16 June 1967 as the Daresbury Nuclear Physics Laboratory by the then Prime Minister of United Kingdom, Harold Wilson. It is run by the Science and Technology Facilities Council with around three hundred full-time staff. The present director is Prof. Susan Smith. Daresbury Laboratory is renowned for its world leading scientific research in fields such as accelerator science, bio-medicine, physics, chemistry, materials, engineering and computational science.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6468655", "chunk_text": "\"Rose Scott-Moncrieff\"\nRose Scott-Moncrieff Rose Scott-Moncrieff (Mrs O.M. Meares) (1903-1991), was an English biochemist, credited with founding the science of bio-chemical genetics. She was born Rose Scott-Moncrieff in 1903 and she received a PhD from Cambridge. However because she was female she was given only a certificate and she was not allowed to join the university. in 1930. She worked at the John Innes Horticultural Institution. In the 1930s she worked alongside some of the leading figures in chemistry and genetics, and her recollections of her career were recounted in her book 'The Classical Period in Chemical Genetics. Recollections of Muriel Wheldale", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "767878", "chunk_text": "\"Frederick Walker Mott\"\nFrederick Walker Mott Sir Frederick Walker Mott (23 October 1853 in Brighton, Sussex – 8 June 1926 in Birmingham, Warwickshire) was one of the pioneers of biochemistry in Britain. He is noted for his work in neuropathology and endocrine glands in relation to mental disorder, and consequently as psychiatrist and social scientist. He was Croonian Lecturer to the Royal College of Physicians for the year 1900. The Maudsley Hospital in London was Mott's idea, inspired by Emil Kraepelin's clinic in Germany, and Mott conducted the negotiations for its funding and construction. He ran the pathology laboratory which was transferred there,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19717105", "chunk_text": "\"Raymond Gosling\"\nRaymond Gosling Raymond George Gosling (15 July 1926 – 18 May 2015) was a British scientist. While a PhD student at King's College, London he worked under the supervision of Rosalind Franklin. Their crystallographic experiments, together with those of Maurice Wilkins of the same laboratory, produced data that helped James Watson and Francis Crick to infer the structure of DNA. He was born in 1926 and attended school in Wembley. He studied physics at University College London from 1944 to 1947 and became a hospital physicist at the King's Fund and Middlesex Hospital between 1947 and 1949 before joining King's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20577626", "chunk_text": "\"University of Manchester\"\nfor a doctorate in engineering), George E. Davis (founder of the discipline of Chemical Engineering), Marie Stopes (pioneer of birth control and campaigner for women's rights), Bernard Lovell (a pioneer of radio astronomy), Alan Turing (one of the founders of computer science and artificial intelligence), Tom Kilburn and Frederic Calland Williams (who developed the Manchester Baby, the world's first stored-program computer at Victoria University of Manchester in 1948), Irene Khan (former Secretary General of Amnesty International), physicist and television presenter Brian Cox, the author Anthony Burgess and Robert Bolt (two times Academy Award winner and three times Golden Globe winner", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9759223", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Moseley\"\nand also one more step towards the creation of X-ray crystallography. In addition, Moseley's methods and analyses substantially supported the concept of atomic number, placing it on a firm, physics-based foundation. Moreover, Charles Barkla of Great Britain was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1917 for his experimental work in using X-ray spectroscopy in discovering the characteristic X-ray frequencies emitted by the various elements, especially the metals. \"\"Siegbahn, who carried on Moseley's work, received one [the 1924 Nobel Prize in Physics].\"\" Moseley's discoveries were thus of the same scope as those of his peers, and in addition, Moseley made the larger", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3325	when did come fly with me come out?	n/a	[ "25 December 2010" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10155793", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (1957 song)\"\nCome Fly with Me (1957 song) \"\"Come Fly with Me\"\" is a 1957 popular song composed by Jimmy Van Heusen, with lyrics by Sammy Cahn. \"\"Come Fly with Me\"\" was written for Frank Sinatra, and was the title track of his 1958 album of the same name. The song sets the tone for the rest of the album, describing adventures in exotic locales, in Bombay, Peru and Acapulco Bay respectively. It subsequently became part of Sinatra's concert repertoire, and would feature in numerous performances. The song is featured prominently in the 1963 feature film \"\"Come Fly with Me\"\" sung by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11551198", "chunk_text": "\"Fly with Me (Jonas Brothers song)\"\nFly with Me (Jonas Brothers song) \"\"Fly with Me\"\" is the second single by American pop rock band Jonas Brothers from their fourth studio album \"\"Lines, Vines and Trying Times\"\". It was released on June 9, 2009, through Hollywood Records. The song was featured in the film \"\"\"\", in which the Brothers provided voiceover work. It was written by the group and their bassist, Greg Garbowsky, about Kevin and Danielle's relationship before marriage, despite both of them being far apart from each other. A Cantonese version of the song is played in the \"\"Flights of Fantasy Parade\"\", a parade at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5404402", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (Michael Bublé album)\"\nCome Fly with Me (Michael Bublé album) Come Fly with Me is the first live album released by Canadian singer Michael Bublé. The album was released on March 8, 2004, consisting of an Audio CD and Live DVD. The title track was originally sung by Frank Sinatra on his 1958 album of the same name. The video of the live performances reached the top 10 of the \"\"Billboard\"\" Music Video Charts of early May 2004. The album made the top 100 of the Billboard Top 200 and has also made the Australian top 50 album charts. The album rose to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2725528", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (film)\"\non 27 March 1963. Glemsser wrote a follow-up novel in 1972, \"\"The Super-Jet Girls\"\". It was not made into a film however. \"\"Variety\"\" wrote upon the film's release, \"\"Sometimes one performance can save a picture and in \"\"Come Fly with Me\"\" it's an engaging and infectious one by Pamela Tiffin. The production has other things going for it like an attractive cast, slick pictorial values and smart, stylish direction by Henry Levin, but at the base of all this sheer sheen lies a frail, frivolous and featherweight storyline that, in trying to take itself too seriously, flies into dramatic air", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6814605", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (film)\"\nCome Fly with Me (film) Come Fly with Me is a 1963 British comedy film about three beautiful international air hostesses looking for romance and excitement. The film has dramatic or soap opera elements to it, and was a vehicle for glamorizing the jet age and the prestige, adventure and romance that came with being an air hostess. It is based on Bernard Glemser's 1960 chick-lit novel \"\"Girl on a Wing,\"\" which was published again in 1969 under the title, \"\"The Fly Girls.\"\" Directed by Henry Levin, the film stars Dolores Hart, Hugh O'Brian, Karlheinz Böhm, Pamela Tiffin, Karl Malden,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10155794", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (1957 song)\"\nFrankie Avalon. The song was also used as the theme tune to the 1998 television series Airline and it also appears in numerous films, including \"\"Raging Bull\"\" (1980), \"\"Dear Mr. Wonderful\"\" (1982), \"\"Betsy's Wedding\"\" (1990), \"\"Air America\"\" (1990), \"\"Vegas Vacation\"\" (1997), \"\"Little Voice\"\" (1998), \"\"Heartbreakers\"\" (2001), \"\"Catch Me If You Can\"\" (2002), and \"\"Two Weeks Notice\"\" 2001, \"\"\"\" (2003), and \"\"PanAm\"\" (2011), and in two television bio-pics about Sinatra; the 1992 mini-series \"\"Sinatra\"\" and 1997's \"\"The Rat Pack\"\". Come Fly with Me (1957 song) \"\"Come Fly with Me\"\" is a 1957 popular song composed by Jimmy Van Heusen, with lyrics", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15305969", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (Frank Sinatra album)\"\nCome Fly with Me (Frank Sinatra album) Come Fly with Me is an album by American singer Frank Sinatra, released in 1958. Sinatra's first collaboration with arranger/conductor Billy May, \"\"Come Fly with Me\"\" was designed as a musical trip around the world. Sammy Cahn and Jimmy Van Heusen wrote the title track at Sinatra's request. May would arrange two other Capitol albums for Sinatra, \"\"Come Dance with Me!\"\" (1958) and \"\"Come Swing with Me!\"\" (1961). In his autobiography \"\"All You Need Is Ears\"\", producer George Martin wrote of having visited the Capitol Tower during the recording sessions for the album.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1716415", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (2010 TV series)\"\nDay 2011, gained viewers over 8.80 million, and the remaining four episodes averaged around seven million viewers throughout the rest of the series. The series began airing in the United States on BBC America on 18 June 2011, edited to fit a thirty-minute time slot with commercials. \"\"Come Fly on the Wall\"\" discussed the making of \"\"Come Fly with Me\"\" with Walliams and Lucas. The programme featured clips from filming, outtakes and interviews with the show's creators as they developed the series. It featured pre production discussions and rehearsals, and showed the actors filming at some of the United Kingdom's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2322715", "chunk_text": "\"Come Go with Me (Pockets song)\"\nCome Go with Me (Pockets song) \"\"Come Go with Me\"\" was a single by R&B group Pockets released in 1977 upon Columbia Records. The single rose to nos. 17 & 32 upon the Billboard Hot R&B Songs and Dance Club Songs charts. \"\"Billboard\"\" described the song as having a definite R&B feel, featuring horns and strings with an Earth Wind & Fire influence coming from its co-writer and producer Verdine White. In \"\"Jet Magazine\"\", the song placed no 15 in the Soul Brothers Top 20 Singles list. A remixed version of the song is featured on the album, \"\"Remixed With", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16883548", "chunk_text": "\"Fly Away with Me\"\nFly Away with Me \"\"Fly Away With Me\"\" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Sy Smith. It was written by Sy Smith and Kay of the Foundation, and produced by Ty Macklin for Smith's third studio album, \"\"Conflict\"\". Following the less successful chart performances of buzz single \"\"Reach Down In Your Soul\"\", the record was released as the album's first official single during the first quarter of 2008 (see 2008 in music) in North America. \"\"Fly Away With Me\"\" is a slow-tempo composition featuring R&B production and soul elements. While most of the tracks featured on Conflict are mid-tempo,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3804485", "chunk_text": "\"Come and Get with Me\"\nCome and Get with Me \"\"Come and Get with Me\"\" was the lead single from Keith Sweat's sixth studio album, \"\"Still in the Game\"\". The song was produced by Keith Sweat himself and featured two rapped verses from Snoop Dogg. The song became Sweat's seventh top-40 single on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, peaking at No. 12 on the chart. It also became his fifth and final single to earn a gold certification for sales of 500,000 copies, accomplishing the feat on November 9, 1998. The official remix was produced by Clark Kent and featured Noreaga in place of Snoop Dogg.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3804486", "chunk_text": "\"Come and Get with Me\"\nCome and Get with Me \"\"Come and Get with Me\"\" was the lead single from Keith Sweat's sixth studio album, \"\"Still in the Game\"\". The song was produced by Keith Sweat himself and featured two rapped verses from Snoop Dogg. The song became Sweat's seventh top-40 single on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, peaking at No. 12 on the chart. It also became his fifth and final single to earn a gold certification for sales of 500,000 copies, accomplishing the feat on November 9, 1998. The official remix was produced by Clark Kent and featured Noreaga in place of Snoop Dogg.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4187151", "chunk_text": "\"Come Go with Me\"\nwas later featured in the films \"\"American Graffiti\"\" (1973), \"\"Diner\"\" (1982), \"\"Stand by Me\"\" (1986), \"\"Joe Versus the Volcano\"\" (1990), and Netflix film \"\"Set It Up\"\" (2018). \"\"Come Go with Me\"\" was later covered by American rock band the Beach Boys and was included on their 1978 album, \"\"M.I.U. Album\"\". Although not released as a single at the time, the song was included on a Beach Boys compilation album, \"\"Ten Years of Harmony\"\", in 1981. After being released as a single to promote the compilation, it rose to #18 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart in January 1982. When that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8510156", "chunk_text": "\"Lines, Vines and Trying Times\"\nJune 9, 2009. The song was first used during the end credits of the movie \"\"\"\". A music video for the song premiered on Disney Channel on June 7, 2009. To date, Fly with Me has peaked at #83 on the Billboard Hot 100, making it one of the group's lower charting singles. \"\"Keep It Real\"\" was released as promotional single on September 6, 2009. Critiques of the song have noted its strong similarities to Maxine Nightingale' 1975 recording Right Back Where We Started From. Lines, Vines and Trying Times Lines, Vines and Trying Times is the fourth and final", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8222629", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (Peter Andre album)\"\nCome Fly with Me (Peter Andre album) Come Fly With Me is the tenth studio album released by British-Australian singer Peter Andre. The album was released on 16 October 2015, via East West Records. The album is Andre's second swing album following the release of \"\"Big Night\"\" in 2014, however, unlike \"\"Big Night\"\", the album consists mostly of covers of Rat Pack classics, as well as three original songs and a swing version of his former hit \"\"Mysterious Girl\"\". The album was recorded to coincide with Peter's appearance on the latest series of \"\"Strictly Come Dancing\"\". The album was produced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5404403", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (Michael Bublé album)\"\n#4 on the chart, while Buble's self-titled album peaked at #3, both in the same week. \"\"Come Fly With Me\"\" was certified gold by ARIA (Australian Charts) in 2006. Come Fly with Me (Michael Bublé album) Come Fly with Me is the first live album released by Canadian singer Michael Bublé. The album was released on March 8, 2004, consisting of an Audio CD and Live DVD. The title track was originally sung by Frank Sinatra on his 1958 album of the same name. The video of the live performances reached the top 10 of the \"\"Billboard\"\" Music Video Charts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2725527", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (film)\"\nBergstrom, (Lois Nettleton) gets noticed by a multi-millionaire widower from Texas named Walter Lucas (Karl Malden). Henry Levin was signed to direct in April 1962. The movie was also known in production as \"\"Champagne Flight\"\", \"\"The Friendliest Girls in the World\"\" and \"\"Girl on a Wing\"\". The film was shot in Panavision and Metrocolor, during 1962, in New York City, Paris and Versailles, Vienna and the Woerther See with studio interiors shot at MGM British Studios, Borehamwood, Hertfordshire, England. The shoot took 12 weeks. It filmed at the same time as \"\"Follow the Boys\"\". It premiered in the United States", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15305974", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (Frank Sinatra album)\"\nwhile the song \"\"Chicago\"\" (and \"\"It Happened in Monterey\"\" on some pressings) were used in other parts of the British Commonwealth. Sinatra sang the song in Australia, during a , and relayed the story of the Kipling family objection to the song and how the Australian release of Come Fly with Me came to contain \"\"Chicago\"\". Come Fly with Me (Frank Sinatra album) Come Fly with Me is an album by American singer Frank Sinatra, released in 1958. Sinatra's first collaboration with arranger/conductor Billy May, \"\"Come Fly with Me\"\" was designed as a musical trip around the world. Sammy Cahn", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2725529", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (film)\"\npockets and crosscurrents that threaten to send the entire aircraft into a tailspin.\"\" Come Fly with Me (film) Come Fly with Me is a 1963 British comedy film about three beautiful international air hostesses looking for romance and excitement. The film has dramatic or soap opera elements to it, and was a vehicle for glamorizing the jet age and the prestige, adventure and romance that came with being an air hostess. It is based on Bernard Glemser's 1960 chick-lit novel \"\"Girl on a Wing,\"\" which was published again in 1969 under the title, \"\"The Fly Girls.\"\" Directed by Henry Levin,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3676781", "chunk_text": "\"Come Go with Me\"\nCome Go with Me \"\"Come Go with Me\"\" is a song written by C. E. Quick (a.k.a. Clarence Quick), an original member (bass vocalist) of the American doo-wop vocal group The Del-Vikings (also spelled Dell Vikings on Dot records releases, without a dash). The song was originally recorded by The Del-Vikings in 1956 and was released on Fee Bee Records. Norman Wright was the lead vocalist on this song. When the group signed with Dot Records in 1957, the song became a hit, peaking at #4 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart and becoming the group's highest-charting song. The song", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8222631", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (Peter Andre album)\"\nto the Moon\"\" exclusively via the Daily Mail. One of the tracks on the album, \"\"Little Miss Notting Hill\"\", was written by fellow swing band The Overtones, alongside producer Southwood. The release of the album will be accompanied by a 16-date tour in 2016, entitled the \"\"Come Swing with Me\"\" tour. The tour will incorporate both arenas and theatres, and includes a flagship show at the 02 Arena in London on 20 March 2016. Come Fly with Me (Peter Andre album) Come Fly With Me is the tenth studio album released by British-Australian singer Peter Andre. The album was released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11861224", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nMe\"\" with Billy May, designed as a musical world tour. It reached the top spot on the Billboard album chart in its second week, remaining at the top for five weeks, and was nominated for the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the inaugural Grammy Awards. The title song, \"\"Come Fly With Me\"\", written especially for him, would become one of his best known standards. On May 29 he recorded seven songs in a single session, more than double the usual yield of a recording session, and an eighth was planned, \"\"Lush Life\"\", but Sinatra found it too", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13289715", "chunk_text": "\"Come with Me (Ricky Martin song)\"\nCome with Me (Ricky Martin song) \"\"Come with Me\"\" is a song recorded by Puerto Rican singer-songwriter Ricky Martin. It was produced by the Australian duo DNA Songs (Anthony Egizii and David Musumeci) and IIan Kidron from The Potbelleez. \"\"Come with Me\"\" premiered on June 13, 2013, during \"\"The Kyle and Jackie O Show\"\" in Australia and was digitally released worldwide on June 14, 2013. The Spanglish Version of the song was released on July 18, 2013 and the 7th Heaven remixes were released on September 16, 2013. \"\"Come with Me\"\" premiered on Australian radio stations on June 13, 2013.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11551199", "chunk_text": "\"Fly with Me (Jonas Brothers song)\"\nHong Kong Disneyland in Hong Kong. The music video premiered on the Disney Channel on June 7, 2009 and was uploaded to Hollywood Records' YouTube account on the same night. It features footage of the group rehearsing the song with backstage \"\"behind-the-scenes\"\" video clips of their 2009 World Tour preparation and rehearsals. The song debuted on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 at number 83 and fell off the chart the next week. Fly with Me (Jonas Brothers song) \"\"Fly with Me\"\" is the second single by American pop rock band Jonas Brothers from their fourth studio album \"\"Lines, Vines and Trying", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1915339", "chunk_text": "\"Come Go with Me (Exposé song)\"\nCome Go with Me (Exposé song) \"\"Come Go with Me\"\" is a song by American girl group Exposé from their debut studio album \"\"Exposure\"\" (1987). Composed and produced by Lewis A. Martineé, the song was released in January 1987 as the third single from \"\"Exposure\"\". The groups' second lineup recorded \"\"Come Go with Me\"\", with Jeanette Jurado singing lead vocals, and Gioia Bruno and Ann Curless singing backup. \"\"Come Go with Me\"\" became Exposé's first single to reach the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart, where it peaked at number five in April 1987 and remained in the Top 40 for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5356824", "chunk_text": "\"Fly with Me (Mumzy Stranger song)\"\nFly with Me (Mumzy Stranger song) \"\"Fly with Me\"\" is a song recorded by English singer Mumzy Stranger. It was released on 10 October 2013 by Tiffin Beats Records. \"\"Fly with Me\"\" is the second single from \"\"Journey Begins\"\". The single debuted at number 15 on the UK Asian Download Chart and stayed in the top 40 for more than 17 weeks but dropped off the chart at week 18. There are several remixes of \"\"Fly with Me\"\", a Grime Mix featuring Flo Dan, Gods Gift, KID & Roly; a Rishi Rich Kulcha Mix, a Bangla Mix featuring SH8S, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1716412", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (2010 TV series)\"\nCome Fly with Me (2010 TV series) Come Fly with Me is an English mockumentary television comedy series created by and starring Matt Lucas and David Walliams. Narrated by Lindsay Duncan, the series launched on 25 December 2010 on BBC One and BBC One HD. A spoof of British documentaries \"\"Airport\"\" and \"\"Airline\"\", the series follows the activity at London Stansted Airport and three fictional airlines:FlyLo (a low cost British airline), Our Lady Air (an Irish low-cost airline) and Great British Air (a major international British airline). Lucas and Walliams portray many of the focal airline and airport staff, as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1716416", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (2010 TV series)\"\nbusiest airports. It also showed Walliams and Lucas transforming into their new characters in the make up chair, and bringing them to life in front of the camera. The programme was broadcast on BBC One on 8 February 2011. On 28 January 2011, the BBC announced that the show had been commissioned for a second series. The new series was set to air during 2013. However, in January 2013, Walliams confirmed that a second series would not air, stating that Lucas did not wish to continue the show. In conjunction with the television episodes, a selection of extra online content", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1716414", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (2010 TV series)\"\nHood Airport Doncaster Sheffield. A further three weeks were spent filming at London Stansted Airport, with further weeks of filming at Pinewood Studios. A 'making of' documentary titled \"\"Come Fly on the Wall\"\" aired on BBC One on 8 February 2011. On 28 January 2011, the BBC announced it had commissioned a second series. However, Walliams confirmed in January 2013 that a second series was not going to air. Series One of \"\"Come Fly with Me\"\" began airing on Christmas Day 2010, and received mixed reviews from critics, and viewers over 12.47 million. Episode Two, which aired on New Year's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18327049", "chunk_text": "\"Take Me with U\"\nTake Me with U \"\"Take Me with U\"\" is a song by Prince and The Revolution, and the final US single released from their album, \"\"Purple Rain\"\" (1984). The song is sung as a duet with Apollonia Kotero, and was originally intended for the \"\"Apollonia 6\"\" album, but was pulled for the \"\"Purple Rain\"\" soundtrack. A result of this addition, Prince made cuts to the suite-like original \"\"Computer Blue\"\", which circulates among collectors in an extended version (a portion of this second section of \"\"Computer Blue\"\" can be heard in the film \"\"Purple Rain\"\" as Prince walks in on the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15177608", "chunk_text": "\"Come with Me (Puff Daddy song)\"\nCome with Me (Puff Daddy song) \"\"Come with Me\"\" was featured on the for the 1998 \"\"Godzilla\"\" film. The song recreates the 1975 Led Zeppelin song \"\"Kashmir\"\". Jimmy Page and producer Tom Morello also supplied live guitar parts (Morello also played bass on the song). The song also features heavy orchestral elements. It reached #2 in the UK and #4 in the US. In France, when football club Olympique Marseille scores a goal, this song is played. A music video, directed by Howard Greenhalgh featuring both Puff Daddy and Jimmy Page, was made for the song. This collaboration was number", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9421098", "chunk_text": "\"Fly Life\"\nFly Life \"\"Fly Life\"\" (often stylized as \"\"Flylife\"\") is a song by English electronic dance music duo Basement Jaxx from their fourth extended play called \"\"EP3\"\", released in 1996. The track was largely based on the 1996 single \"\"Live Your Life with Me\"\", which they produced for vocalist Corrina Joseph, their collaborator since 1995 in order to make \"\"proper songs.\"\" It was re-released as a single by Multiply Records on 19 May 1997 with a new mix, featuring added vocals from British reggae artist Glamma Kid. It later went to become Basement Jaxx's first charting single in the United Kingdom", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16385821", "chunk_text": "\"Come Away with Me (song)\"\nCome Away with Me (song) \"\"Come Away with Me\"\" is a song written, produced, and performed by American recording artist Norah Jones. It was released on December 30, 2002 as the third single from her debut studio album, \"\"Come Away with Me\"\" (2002). The song reached number 21 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Adult Top 40. It also peaked at number 2 in Canada (Jones's second and highest chart achievement on the Canadian Singles Chart) and number 80 on the UK Singles Chart. \"\"Come Away with Me\"\" was included on the soundtrack for the film \"\"Maid in Manhattan\"\" (2002). The music", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17653460", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (1958 TV series)\"\nCome Fly with Me (1958 TV series) Come Fly With Me is a Canadian music variety television series which aired on CBC Television in 1958. This series replaced \"\"Front Page Challenge\"\" between the 1957 and 1958 television seasons. It was recorded in various international locations such as Banff, Edinburgh, Los Angeles, New York City, Niagara Falls, Paris, Rome, San Francisco and Vancouver. Host Shane Rimmer was joined by Don Wright's vocal group and Rudy Toth's orchestra. The debut episode (24 June 1958) featured guest Barry Morse who sang the \"\"My Fair Lady\"\" musical number \"\"Why Can't the English\"\". This half-hour", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13733137", "chunk_text": "\"Come Walk with Me (song)\"\nCome Walk with Me (song) \"\"Come Walk with Me\"\" is a song by British recording artist M.I.A. for her fourth studio album, Matangi (2013). The track was written by Maya \"\"M.I.A.\"\" Arulpragasam and Switch, and produced by the latter. The singer first uploaded demo of the track online in April 2012, and the final version of the song was self-released worldwide as a digital download, under exclusive license to Interscope Records, on 3 September 2013. The song served as the third single from the album, and was performed the on \"\"The Colbert Report\"\", \"\"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\"\", the 2013", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8138737", "chunk_text": "\"Fly with Me (Artsvik song)\"\nFly with Me (Artsvik song) \"\"Fly with Me\"\" is a song performed by Armenian singer Artsvik. The song was released as a digital download on 29 March 2017 through Universal Music, while its music video premiered on 18 March. It represented Armenia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017, while it was written by Avet Barseghyan and David Tserunyan, and produced by Lilith and Levon Navasardyan. From October to December 2016, Artsvik competed in \"\"Depi Evratesil\"\", Armenia's national final for the Eurovision Song Contest 2017. During her time on the show, she was a member of Essaï Altounian's team. On 24", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20451261", "chunk_text": "\"Come Away with Me\"\nAmerica (RIAA) on August 22, 2002, sold over ten million copies through early 2005, and on February 15, 2005 was certified Diamond by the RIAA. As of March 2016, the album had sold 11.1 million copies in the US, making it the eleventh best-selling album of the Nielsen SoundScan era. As of October 2016 the album had sold more than 27 million copies worldwide. In Germany, the album debuted at No. 37. It remained on the German Albums Chart for 141 weeks and reached No. 2 in its 37th week on that chart, where it stayed for four weeks. \"\"Come", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16172809", "chunk_text": "\"Weather with You\"\nWeather with You \"\"Weather with You\"\" is a song by rock band Crowded House. It was the third and most successful single released from the group's third studio album \"\"Woodface\"\" (1991), reaching top 50 in ten countries, including the United Kingdom, where it reached number seven. The song was intended to be part of the Finn Brothers' unreleased 1990 debut, but after Capitol Records found the recordings, they were merged with a Crowded House session to become \"\"Woodface\"\". In 1996 Crowded House disbanded, releasing a greatest hits album \"\"Recurring Dream\"\" in June of that year. \"\"Weather with You\"\" was made", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13645661", "chunk_text": "\"Fly Me\"\nFly Me Fly Me is a 1973 United States-Filipino sexploitation film about the adventures of three flight attendants. Three young flight attendants fly from Los Angeles, California to Hong Kong. Toby's mother has followed her on the plane and Toby tries to lose her so she can romance a doctor, David. Andrea's lover Donald has gone missing. Shelley is smuggling drugs and is kidnapped by a white slave ring. The film contains some kung fu scenes shot by Jonathan Demme and Joe Dante worked on the movie as a dialogue director. Corman did not want the film to seem like", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "513621", "chunk_text": "\"Come with Me (TV series)\"\nCome with Me (TV series) Come with Me (; literally \"\"Have Sexual Feelings\"\") is a 2016 Hong Kong comedy web drama produced by Jazz Boon for TVB, starring Eddie Cheung, Sharon Chan, Elena Kong, Louis Yuen, Benz Hui, May Chan, Sammy Sum and Grace Wong as the main cast. It premiered on Hong Kong's TVB web streaming site \"\"myTV SUPER\"\" on June 4, 2016, with five episodes released each Saturday at 12:00 am. The series concluded on June 25, 2016 with a total of 20 episodes.(Will repeat in Malaysia from 29 May on Astro CH326 at 9.30pm. every night) \"\"Come", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5356825", "chunk_text": "\"Fly with Me (Mumzy Stranger song)\"\nCyantific Remix, a Dance Mix, a Young Archie Dance Mix, a Remix featuring VEE, an undergrime mix featuring Roly and a radio edit version. Fly with Me (Mumzy Stranger song) \"\"Fly with Me\"\" is a song recorded by English singer Mumzy Stranger. It was released on 10 October 2013 by Tiffin Beats Records. \"\"Fly with Me\"\" is the second single from \"\"Journey Begins\"\". The single debuted at number 15 on the UK Asian Download Chart and stayed in the top 40 for more than 17 weeks but dropped off the chart at week 18. There are several remixes of \"\"Fly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9085185", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (Peter Andre album)\"\nby Nick Southwood, and features bassist Adam King, drummer Adrian Meehan and keyboardist Rich Milner. Andre said of the album: “All of these songs are great great classics. The fact that we’re celebrating hundred years of Frank Sinatra makes the choice even better because you can start to pick some of the favourites that Franky was really well-known for. When you listen to these old classics, you realise what real music is.” On 28 September 2015 Andre released a music video for \"\"Come Fly With Me\"\" exclusively via Heatworld.com. On 22 October Andre released a music video for \"\"Fly Me", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11936439", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (2010 TV series)\"\nthe script and characters (translated to Dutch). It was broadcast on RTL 4 from August 2011. Come Fly with Me (2010 TV series) Come Fly with Me is an English mockumentary television comedy series created by and starring Matt Lucas and David Walliams. Narrated by Lindsay Duncan, the series launched on 25 December 2010 on BBC One and BBC One HD. A spoof of British documentaries \"\"Airport\"\" and \"\"Airline\"\", the series follows the activity at London Stansted Airport and three fictional airlines:FlyLo (a low cost British airline), Our Lady Air (an Irish low-cost airline) and Great British Air (a major", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2344970", "chunk_text": "\"Come with Me Now\"\nAfrica, \"\"Come with Me Now\"\" was considered a fan favorite there though it initially struggled to find an audience in the United States. The band admitted that when \"\"it didn't seem like things were getting along we really lost heart – we were ready to move on to new material\"\". In early January 2014, the song began receiving airplay in the US, generating major label attention for the band which was eventually signed to Epic Records. It was released to US contemporary hit radio on 15 April 2014. The song appears on the soundtrack of the movie \"\"The Expendables 3\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2725526", "chunk_text": "\"Come Fly with Me (film)\"\nand Lois Nettleton. Three air hostesses, based in New York City, are working for the fictional airline Polar Atlantic Airways. The three serve on a Boeing 707 making regular flights between New York, Paris and Vienna. Along the way, air hostess Donna Stuart (Dolores Hart), meets Baron Franz Von Elzingen (Karlheinz Böhm), an impoverished Austrian baron who turns out to be a diamond smuggler. \"\"Southern belle\"\" Carol Brewster (Pamela Tiffin) develops a crush on the plane's First Officer, Ray Winsley (Hugh O'Brian), who himself is having an affair with a married woman (Dawn Addams). The third air hostess, Hilda \"\"Bergie\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1713094", "chunk_text": "\"Secrets of Flying\"\nSecrets of Flying Secrets Of Flying is the second and final album released by Bahamian American singer-songwriter Johnny Kemp. Released at the end of 1987, this album featured two massively successful singles. The first hit from the album was the Grammy-nominated single \"\"Just Got Paid,\"\" which cracked the Top 10 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in 1988, and went on to top both the R&B chart and Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart. The second hit from the album, \"\"Dancin' with Myself\"\" also became a top-5 R&B success. A third single from the album, the slow jam \"\"One Thing Led to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17209674", "chunk_text": "\"Come with Us\"\nthe album started in September 2001, and somewhat concluded in November 2002. The album was released on 28 January 2002 in the UK, following the release of the single \"\"It Began in Afrika\"\", a variation of the band's \"\"Electronic Battle Weapon 5\"\", which was released in September 2001 and appears on the album, as well as the release of the single \"\"Star Guitar\"\". Both tracks were successful in the charts, both reaching number 8 in the UK Singles Chart. The album itself entered at number 1, being their third consecutive number 1 album. As well as the two singles released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8138739", "chunk_text": "\"Fly with Me (Artsvik song)\"\ntied with 2013 and only worsened by the 2011 contestant, who didn't qualify for the final. Fly with Me (Artsvik song) \"\"Fly with Me\"\" is a song performed by Armenian singer Artsvik. The song was released as a digital download on 29 March 2017 through Universal Music, while its music video premiered on 18 March. It represented Armenia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017, while it was written by Avet Barseghyan and David Tserunyan, and produced by Lilith and Levon Navasardyan. From October to December 2016, Artsvik competed in \"\"Depi Evratesil\"\", Armenia's national final for the Eurovision Song Contest 2017.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5496756", "chunk_text": "\"Come with Me (Ricky Martin song)\"\nmalfunction when the back of her top snapped, leaving her to improvise her way off the set. She eventually came back on to finish the performance. Come with Me (Ricky Martin song) \"\"Come with Me\"\" is a song recorded by Puerto Rican singer-songwriter Ricky Martin. It was produced by the Australian duo DNA Songs (Anthony Egizii and David Musumeci) and IIan Kidron from The Potbelleez. \"\"Come with Me\"\" premiered on June 13, 2013, during \"\"The Kyle and Jackie O Show\"\" in Australia and was digitally released worldwide on June 14, 2013. The Spanglish Version of the song was released on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16883549", "chunk_text": "\"Fly Away with Me\"\n\"\"Fly Away With Me\"\" was well received by critics for its beat-driven melody. The song peaked into the Top 40 Hot Adult R&B Singles Airplay Chart at #38. Fly Away With Me is Smith's first song to chart on the Hot Adult R&B Singles Airplay Chart and her second song to chart on any Billboard chart (\"\"Gladly\"\" is the first). The video was shot on March 13, 2008 with Shawn Carter Peterson as the director. The song aired Centric's Soul Sessions and VH1 Soul. The video features Smith singing in her house while writing the lyrics to her song. Her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3326	when did avatar the last airbender first air?	n/a	[ "February 2005", "February 21, 2005", "February 21, 2005" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060226", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\nsketch to DiMartino, who was watching a documentary about explorers trapped at the South Pole. Konietzko described their early development of the concept; \"\"There's an air guy along with these water people trapped in a snowy wasteland ... and maybe some fire people are pressing down on them\"\". The co-creators successfully pitched the idea to Nickelodeon vice-president and executive producer Eric Coleman two weeks later. The series was introduced to the public in a teaser reel at Comic-Con 2004, and premiered on February 21, 2005. In an interview, Konietzko said: \"\"Mike and I were really interested in other epic 'Legends", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060224", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\nState. Aang strips Ozai of his firebending powers. Zuko is crowned the new Fire Lord and arranges an armistice, establishing peace in the world. The series consists of sixty-one episodes. The first episode—an-hour-long premiere—aired on February 21, 2005, on Nickelodeon. The series concluded with a two-hour television movie broadcast on July 19, 2008. Each season of the series is known as a \"\"book\"\", in which each episode is referred to as a \"\"chapter\"\". Each book takes its name from one of the elements Aang, the protagonist, must master; Water, Earth, and Fire. The show's first two seasons each consists of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9827667", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 1)\"\nAvatar: The Last Airbender (season 1) Season one (Book One: Water) of \"\"\"\", an American animated television series produced by Nickelodeon Studios, aired 20 episodes from February 21, 2005 to December 2, 2005. The series was created by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko, and starred Zach Tyler Eisen, Mae Whitman, Jack DeSena, Dante Basco, Dee Bradley Baker, Mako Iwamatsu and Jason Isaacs as the main character voices. The season revolves around the protagonist Aang and his friends and Sokka going on a journey to the North Pole to find a Waterbending master to teach Aang and Katara. The Fire", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060210", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\nAvatar: The Last Airbender Avatar: The Last Airbender (Avatar: The Legend of Aang in some regions) is an American animated television series that aired for three seasons on Nickelodeon. The series began in February 2005 and concluded with a two-hour episode titled Sozin's Comet in July 2008. \"\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\" is set in an Asiatic-like world in which some people can manipulate the classical elements with psychokinetic variants of the Chinese martial arts known as \"\"bending\"\". The series is presented in a style that combines anime with American cartoons and relies on the imagery of East-and-South Asian, Inuit, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9827678", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 1)\"\nand had a theatrical release on July 1, 2010. The film was directed by M. Night Shyamalan. Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 1) Season one (Book One: Water) of \"\"\"\", an American animated television series produced by Nickelodeon Studios, aired 20 episodes from February 21, 2005 to December 2, 2005. The series was created by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko, and starred Zach Tyler Eisen, Mae Whitman, Jack DeSena, Dante Basco, Dee Bradley Baker, Mako Iwamatsu and Jason Isaacs as the main character voices. The season revolves around the protagonist Aang and his friends and Sokka going on a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20141419", "chunk_text": "\"The Last Airbender\"\nThe Last Airbender The Last Airbender is a 2010 American action fantasy adventure film written, co-produced and directed by M. Night Shyamalan. Based on of the Nickelodeon animated television series \"\"\"\", the film stars Noah Ringer as Aang, with Dev Patel as Prince Zuko, Nicola Peltz as and Jackson Rathbone as Sokka. Development for the film began in 2007. It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and distributed by Paramount Pictures. Premiering in New York City on June 30, 2010, it opened the following day in the rest of the US grossing an estimated $16 million. The film was universally panned", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060243", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\nof the Fire Nation\"\", consisting of the episodes \"\"The Serpent's Pass\"\" and \"\"The Drill\"\", aired on September 15, 2006, and attracted 5.1 million viewers. According to the Nielsen Media Research, the special was the highest-rated cable-television program that week. In 2007, \"\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\" was syndicated to more than 105 countries and was one of Nickelodeon's top-rated programs. The series ranked first on Nickelodeon in Germany, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Colombia. The four-part series finale, \"\"Sozin's Comet\"\", had the series' highest ratings. Its first airing averaged 5.6 million viewers, 95 percent more than Nickelodeon had in mid-July", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060240", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\nShyamalan's directing; it had a six-percent approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes and received five Razzies at the 31st Golden Raspberry Awards, including Worst Picture. Although the film originally shared the title of the television series, the title \"\"The Last Airbender\"\" was used because producers feared it would be confused with James Cameron's film \"\"Avatar\"\". \"\"The Last Airbender\"\" stars Noah Ringer as Aang, Nicola Peltz as Katara, Jackson Rathbone as Sokka, Dev Patel as Zuko, and Shaun Toub as Iroh. \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\", a sequel series to \"\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\", premiered on Nickelodeon on April 14, 2012. It was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9827670", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 1)\"\ncan play in Europe. The first book has been adapted into a live-action film, \"\"The Last Airbender\"\", directed by M. Night Shyamalan and released in 2010. The show was produced by and aired on Nickelodeon, which is owned by Viacom. The show's executive producers were co-creators Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko, who worked alongside episode director and co-producer Aaron Ehasz. Eight episodes were directed by Dave Filoni. Animation directors Lauren MacMullan and Giancarlo Volpe directed five episodes each, and Anthony Lioi directed two. Episodes were written or co-written by a team of writers, which included Nick Malis, John O'Bryan,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6942683", "chunk_text": "Korra\nRepublic City\"\", originally airing on Nickelodeon on April 14, 2012. At the start of the series, she meets Bolin and Mako after arriving in Republic City, where she first experiences independence after living a secluded life of training, led by the Order of the White Lotus. The series' final scene, indicating the beginning of a romantic relationship between Korra and Asami Sato, was unprecedented in its LGBT representation in western children's television. After the death of Aang, Korra is born among the Southern Water Tribe, her bending abilities over Water, Earth and Fire manifesting by age 4. Korra, now seventeen,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060212", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\nParks, and two Lego . An art book was published in June 2010. The complete series was released on Blu-ray on June 5, 2018 for the 10th anniversary of season 3's finale. The series inspired a critically panned but financially successful live-action film, \"\"The Last Airbender\"\", directed by M. Night Shyamalan and considered one of the worst movies ever made. An animated sequel series, \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\", aired from 2012 to 2014. A new live-action remake of the series by its original creators produced for Netflix was announced in September 2018. \"\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\" is set in a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060211", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\nNew World societies. It follows the protagonist, twelve-year-old Aang and his friends, who must bring peace and unity to the world by ending the Fire Lord's war with three nations. The series was commercially successful and was acclaimed by audiences and critics who praised its art direction, humor, cultural references, characters, and themes. It was nominated for—and won—Annie Awards, Genesis Awards, a Primetime Emmy Award, and a Peabody Award. The first season's success prompted Nickelodeon to order a second and third season. Merchandising for the series consisted of action figures, a , three video games, stuffed animals distributed by Paramount", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13495329", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar (The X-Files)\"\nwhere Mulder confronts Skinner about where his loyalties lie was excised when the producers felt it was too aggressive. The episode's title, \"\"Avatar\"\" is a Sanskrit word referring to the material appearance or incarnation of a deity on earth. \"\"Avatar\"\" premiered on the Fox network in the United States on April 26, 1996. The episode earned a Nielsen rating of 9.3, with a 16 share, meaning that roughly 9.3 percent of all television-equipped households, and 16 percent of households watching television, were tuned in to the episode. The episode was watched by a total of 14.62 million viewers. The episode", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060241", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\nwritten and produced by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko, the creators and producers of the original series. The show was initially titled \"\"Avatar: Legend of Korra\"\", then \"\"The Last Airbender: Legend of Korra\"\"; its events occur seventy years after the end of \"\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\". The series' protagonist is Korra, a 17-year-old woman from the Southern Water Tribe who is the incarnation of the Avatar after Aang's death. Netflix announced in September 2018 that a \"\"reimagined\"\" live-action remake of \"\"Avatar\"\" was to start production in 2019. The series' original creators, DiMartino and Konietzko, are to be the executive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060225", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\ntwenty episodes and the third season has twenty-one. The entire series has been released on DVD in regions 1, 2 and 4. \"\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\" was co-created and produced by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko at Nickelodeon Animation Studios in Burbank, California. Its animation was mostly done by South Korean studios JM Animation, DR Movie, and MOI Animation. According to Konietzko, the series was conceived in early 2001 when he took an old sketch of a balding, middle-aged man and imagined the man as a child. He drew the character herding bison in the sky and showed the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16868373", "chunk_text": "\"The Legend of Korra (season 1)\"\nThe Legend of Korra (season 1) Book One: Air is the first season of the U.S. animated TV series \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\" created by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko. Consisting of twelve episodes (called \"\"chapters\"\"), it was initially intended to be a stand-alone miniseries before the series was expanded to four seasons (\"\"books\"\") and fifty-two episodes (\"\"chapters\"\") total. \"\"Book One: Air\"\" aired from April 14 to June 23, 2012, on the Nickelodeon channel in the U.S., and is broadcast in other countries beginning in June 2012. \"\"Book One: Air\"\" follows seventeen-year-old Korra from the Southern Water Tribe, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9827673", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 1)\"\nmade available on DVD in PAL regions. The episode was released with audio commentary from the creators, which unlike commentary on other episodes in the season is not possible to disable on the DVD set. On June 14, 2010, the unaired pilot was made available with and without commentary for the first time via the iTunes Store.</onlyinclude> Most of the show's main characters made their debut within most, if not all, of the first episodes: Zach Tyler Eisen provided Aang's voice, Mae Whitman as Katara's voice, Jack DeSena as Sokka's voice, Dante Basco as Zuko's voice, Mako as Iroh's voice,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060216", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\nnamed Aang. Because the Avatar was now a child, Sozin saw his chance and proceeded with his militant plans. At the age of twelve, Aang learned about his avatar status because of the threat of Sozin's war. Afraid of his new responsibilities and of separation from his mentor Gyatso, he fled his home on his flying bison, Appa. Aang was forced into the ocean by a storm; he entered the Avatar State and encased himself and Appa in suspended animation in an iceberg near the South Pole for one-hundred years. Sozin, knowing the avatar's reincarnation cycle mandated an Air Nomad", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9827671", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 1)\"\nMatthew Hubbard, James Eagan, Ian Wilcox, Tim Hedrick and Elizabeth Welch Ehasz. All of the show's music was composed by \"\"The Track Team\"\", which consists of Jeremy Zuckerman and Benjamin Wynn, who were known to the producers because Zuckerman was Konietzko's roommate. Two alternating Korean studios were enlisted to provide animation production support for the series, DR Movie and JM Animation Co. <onlyinclude>A pilot episode for the series was made in 2003. It was animated by Tin House, Inc., written by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko, and directed by Dave Filoni. Mitchel Musso voiced Aang in this pilot but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20141478", "chunk_text": "\"The Last Airbender\"\nthe show's creators and got their blessing for his project, it wasn't his plot to address. \"\"The Last Airbender\"\" was rumored to be released in the summer of 2010 before it received a formal release date of July 1, 2010.<ref name=\"\"/FILM\"\"></ref> To avoid confusion with James Cameron's \"\"Avatar\"\", the title was changed from \"\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\" to simply \"\"The Last Airbender\"\". On June 16, 2010, it was revealed that the film would be released on July 1, 2010, and after questions about the definition of the release being limited or wide, was later confirmed by the studio to be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17496218", "chunk_text": "\"The Legend of Korra\"\nto 52 episodes. These episodes are grouped into four separate seasons (\"\"Books\"\") composed of twelve to fourteen episodes (\"\"Chapters\"\") each, with each season telling a stand-alone story. Beginning with episode 9 of season 3, new episodes were first distributed through the Internet rather than broadcast. \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\" concluded with the fourth season. \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\" is set in the fictional world of \"\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\", 70 years after the events of that series. The world is separated into four nations: the northern and southern Water Tribes, the Earth Kingdom, the Fire Nation, and the Air Nomads.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20141495", "chunk_text": "\"The Last Airbender\"\nsequel. The Last Airbender The Last Airbender is a 2010 American action fantasy adventure film written, co-produced and directed by M. Night Shyamalan. Based on of the Nickelodeon animated television series \"\"\"\", the film stars Noah Ringer as Aang, with Dev Patel as Prince Zuko, Nicola Peltz as and Jackson Rathbone as Sokka. Development for the film began in 2007. It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and distributed by Paramount Pictures. Premiering in New York City on June 30, 2010, it opened the following day in the rest of the US grossing an estimated $16 million. The film was universally", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16197230", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 3)\"\nby Creators, \"\"The Women of Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\", Book 3 Finale Pencil Test Animation and \"\"Into the Fire Nation\"\" at San Diego Comic-Con. The boxed set was released on February 1, 2010 in the United Kingdom. Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 3) Season Three (Book Three: Fire) of \"\"\"\", an American animated television series on Nickelodeon, first aired its 21 episodes from September 21, 2007 to July 19, 2008. The season was created by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko, and starred Zach Tyler Eisen, Mae Whitman, Jack DeSena, Jessie Flower, Dante Basco, Dee Bradley Baker, Greg Baldwin, Grey", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10475067", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2)\"\nAvatar: The Last Airbender (season 2) Season Two (Book Two: Earth) of \"\"\"\", an American animated television series on Nickelodeon, first aired its 20 episodes from March 17, 2006 to December 1, 2006. The season was created and produced by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko, and starred Zach Tyler Eisen, Mae Whitman, Jack DeSena, Jessie Flower, Dante Basco, Dee Bradley Baker, Mako Iwamatsu and Grey DeLisle as the main character voices. In this season, Aang and his friends and Sokka are on a quest to find an Earthbending teacher which finishes when they recruit Toph Beifong. After finding important", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16197222", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 3)\"\nAvatar: The Last Airbender (season 3) Season Three (Book Three: Fire) of \"\"\"\", an American animated television series on Nickelodeon, first aired its 21 episodes from September 21, 2007 to July 19, 2008. The season was created by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko, and starred Zach Tyler Eisen, Mae Whitman, Jack DeSena, Jessie Flower, Dante Basco, Dee Bradley Baker, Greg Baldwin, Grey DeLisle and Mark Hamill as the main character voices. This third and final season focuses on Aang's quest to defeat the tyrannical . The season is then followed by \"\"\"\", \"\"\"\", and \"\"\"\" comic series that take", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9827677", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 1)\"\n1 Collection was released on September 12, 2006 containing all twenty episodes plus extras on six discs. PAL versions of the single-disc volume sets started being released on February 19, 2007;. As with the original Region 1 NTSC DVDs, each set contains four episodes per disc. The Complete Book One Collection was released on January 26, 2009 containing all twenty episodes on five discs. These Region 2 releases lack the commentary tracks and other DVD extras found on the Region 1 releases. \"\"The Last Airbender\"\" is a live action film based on the first season of the animated television series", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18649994", "chunk_text": "\"The Legend of Korra\"\nTV soundtrack for the 2013 GoldSpirit Awards. On July 16, 2013, Nickelodeon and Sony Music Entertainment's Legacy Recordings released \"\"The Legend of Korra: Original Music from Book One\"\". To date, it is the only soundtrack officially released for either \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\" or \"\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\". The first season (\"\"\"\") aired in the United States on Nickelodeon on Saturday mornings between April 14, 2012 and June 23, 2012. It was broadcast in other countries on the local Nickelodeon channels beginning in August 2012. The second season (\"\"\"\") began airing on Nickelodeon in the United States on September 13,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9827668", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 1)\"\nNation is waging a seemingly endless war against the Earth Kingdom and the , following the long-ago disappearance of the Air Nomads. Aang, the current Avatar, must master the four elements (Air, Water, Earth, and Fire) to end the war. Along the way, Aang and his friends are chased by various pursuers: banished Fire Nation Prince Zuko, along with his uncle and former general Iroh, and Admiral Zhao of the Fire Navy. Each episode of Season One attracted more than a million viewers on its first airing. Season One won \"\"Best TV Series\"\" and \"\"Best Animated Television Series\"\" in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3640172", "chunk_text": "\"Rebel Spirit\"\nRebel Spirit \"\"Rebel Spirit\"\" is the first episode of the second season of the American animated television series \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\". It originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on September 13, 2013, immediately followed by the second episode, \"\"The Southern Lights\"\". Six months after the end of \"\"\"\", Korra believes she has mastered airbending, Mako works as a policeman, Bolin fares poorly in pro-bending with the new \"\"Fire Ferrets\"\", and Asami tries to keep Future Industries afloat. With Tenzin and his brother Bumi, now retired from the military, the friends visit Korra's and Tenzin's family in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12790791", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender – The Promise\"\nAvatar: The Last Airbender – The Promise Avatar: The Last Airbender – The Promise is a graphic novel in three parts written by Gene Yang and illustrated by Studio Gurihiru, the first in a serving as both a continuation of the \"\"\"\" and a prequel to \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\", both animated television series created by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko. \"\"Part 1\"\" was released on January 25, 2012, \"\"Part 2\"\" was released on May 30, 2012 and \"\"Part 3\"\" was released on September 26, 2012. The events of \"\"The Promise\"\" begin immediately after the last episode of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060239", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\nworld. \"\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\" was THQ's bestselling Nickelodeon game in 2006 and was one of Sony CEA's Greatest Hits. The series' first season was the basis of the 2010 live-action film \"\"The Last Airbender\"\", which was written and directed by M. Night Shyamalan. It was intended as the first of a trilogy of films, each of which would be based upon one of the three television seasons. The film's reception from critics and fans of the television series was overwhelmingly negative and it considered one of the worst movies ever for the writing, acting, casting, dialogue, source material, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11772427", "chunk_text": "Aang\nAang Avatar Aang () is a fictional character and the protagonist of Nickelodeon's animated television series \"\"\"\" (created by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko), voiced by Zach Tyler Eisen. Aang is the last surviving Airbender, a monk of the Air Nomads' Southern Air Temple. He is an incarnation of the \"\"Avatar\"\", the spirit of light and peace manifested in human form. As the Avatar, Aang controls all four elements (fire, water, earth and air) and is tasked with keeping the at peace. At 12 years old, Aang is the series' reluctant hero, spending a century in suspended animation before", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3535744", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar (The X-Files)\"\nAvatar (The X-Files) \"\"Avatar\"\" is the twenty-first episode of the third season of the science fiction television series \"\"The X-Files\"\". It premiered on the Fox network in the United States on April 26, 1996. The story for the episode was developed by David Duchovny and Howard Gordon, the teleplay was written by Gordon, and it was directed by James Charleston. The episode is a \"\"Monster-of-the-Week\"\" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. \"\"Avatar\"\" earned a Nielsen household rating of 9.3, being watched by 14.62 million viewers in its initial broadcast. The episode received mixed reviews from television critics. The show", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17496219", "chunk_text": "\"The Legend of Korra\"\nThe distinguishing element of the series is \"\"bending\"\", the ability of some people to telekinetically manipulate the classical element associated with their nation (water, earth, fire, or air). Bending is carried out by spiritual and physical exercises, portrayed as similar to Chinese martial arts. Only one person, the \"\"Avatar\"\", can bend all four elements. Cyclically reincarnating among the world's four nations, the Avatar maintains peace and balance in the world. \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\" focuses on Avatar Korra, a seventeen-year-old girl from the Southern Water Tribe and the successor of Avatar Aang from \"\"The Last Airbender\"\". The first season is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20141479", "chunk_text": "\"The Last Airbender\"\na full nationwide release. The film premiered in New York City on June 30, 2010, and opened the following day in 3,169 theaters, against \"\"\"\" which also stars Jackson Rathbone. \"\"The Last Airbender\"\" was released on DVD and Blu-ray on November 16, 2010. At the same time, a Blu-ray 3D version was also made available exclusively at Best Buy locations. \"\"The Last Airbender\"\" grossed $12,757,094 and sold a total of 750,859 units in its first week on DVD. \"\"The Last Airbender\"\" was re-released on DVD and Blu-ray on April 25, 2017. \"\"The Last Airbender\"\" had grossed $131,772,187 in the United", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17201912", "chunk_text": "\"The Legend of Korra\"\nshow, but seventy years later. In 2011, the title was changed to \"\"The Last Airbender: Legend of Korra\"\", and again in March 2012 to \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\". The premiere was eventually delayed to April 14, 2012. Animation work was mostly done by the South Korean animation studio Studio Mir. According to animation director Yoo Jae-myung, Nickelodeon was initially reluctant to approve the series and suspended production because, unlike in almost all American animated series, the protagonist was a girl. Conventional wisdom, according to Konietzko, had it that \"\"girls will watch shows about boys, but boys won't watch shows about", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20141469", "chunk_text": "\"The Last Airbender\"\nbe overlooked\"\" and that this film exemplifies the need for a debate within Hollywood about racial diversity in its films. In July 2013, series co-creator Bryan Konietzko responded to an online comment about skin color in \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\". Konietzko wrote that his work on the two series \"\"speaks for itself which obviously does not include the gross misinterpretations and misrepresentations of our work in [Shyamalan's] work.\"\" The teaser trailer for the film was attached to \"\"\"\", released in theaters on June 24, 2009. The teaser trailer was also shown exclusively on the June 22, 2009 episode of \"\"Entertainment", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060242", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\nproducers and showrunners. They said that they intended to adapt the series \"\"with a culturally appropriate, non-whitewashed cast\"\". Jeremy Zuckerman, who composed music for the original show, will also be returning to do the music for the remake. The release is slated for 2020. The \"\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\" was the highest-rated animated television series in its demographic at its premiere; an average of 3.1 million viewers watched each new episode. It had 5.6 million viewers for its highest-rated episode and was a highly rated part of the Nicktoons lineup beyond its 6-to-11-year-old target demographic. A one-hour special, \"\"The Secret", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13293691", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2)\"\nof the DVD sets for Book 2 were released with Region 1 encoding, meaning that they can only play on North American DVD players. Book 2 was released on Region 2 on July 20, 2009. Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2) Season Two (Book Two: Earth) of \"\"\"\", an American animated television series on Nickelodeon, first aired its 20 episodes from March 17, 2006 to December 1, 2006. The season was created and produced by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko, and starred Zach Tyler Eisen, Mae Whitman, Jack DeSena, Jessie Flower, Dante Basco, Dee Bradley Baker, Mako Iwamatsu and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20141470", "chunk_text": "\"The Last Airbender\"\nTonight\"\". The trailer shows Aang airbending in a temple which is being attacked by a multitude of Fire Nation ships. A trailer was to be released around Christmas 2009, but it was pushed back until February 2010 because not enough visual effects shots were completed. This trailer was attached to the first \"\"\"\" film released on February 12, 2010. A trailer was later released on March 25, 2010. It was then attached with \"\"How to Train Your Dragon\"\". The last theatrical trailer is attached to \"\"Iron Man 2\"\" which was released May 7, 2010. The first TV spot aired during", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6323357", "chunk_text": "\"Rebel Spirit\"\nby Korra; \"\"a Kaiju parade with beasts that mirror velociraptors\"\". Rebel Spirit \"\"Rebel Spirit\"\" is the first episode of the second season of the American animated television series \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\". It originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on September 13, 2013, immediately followed by the second episode, \"\"The Southern Lights\"\". Six months after the end of \"\"\"\", Korra believes she has mastered airbending, Mako works as a policeman, Bolin fares poorly in pro-bending with the new \"\"Fire Ferrets\"\", and Asami tries to keep Future Industries afloat. With Tenzin and his brother Bumi, now retired from the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17201911", "chunk_text": "\"The Legend of Korra\"\nproduction process (about 10 to 12 months per episode) and the overlap of the various phases, Konietzko wrote in July 2013 that their team was already developing the storyboards for the first episode of \"\"Book 4\"\" while the last episodes of \"\"Book 2\"\" were not yet finished. Production of the series was announced at the annual Comic-Con in San Diego on July 22, 2010. It was originally due for release in October 2011. Tentatively titled \"\"Avatar: Legend of Korra\"\" at the time, it was intended to be a twelve-episode mini series set in the same fictional universe as the original", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16713513", "chunk_text": "\"The Legend of Korra\"\nThe Legend of Korra The Legend of Korra is an American animated television series created by Bryan Konietzko and Michael Dante DiMartino that aired on Nickelodeon from 2012 to 2014. A sequel to Konietzko and DiMartino's previous series \"\"\"\", which aired from 2005 to 2008, the series is animated in a style strongly influenced by anime with most of the animation being done by Studio Mir of South Korea and some by Pierrot Co. of Japan. The series is set in a fictional universe in which some people can manipulate, or \"\"bend\"\", the elements of water, earth, fire, or air.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060238", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\nKyoshi will be written by F. C. Yee and published by Abrams Children's Books. The first book, \"\"The Rise of Kyoshi\"\", is scheduled to be published in July 2019. A video-game trilogy based on the series has been released. The \"\"\"\" video game was released on October 10, 2006, and \"\"\"\" was released on October 16, 2007. \"\"\"\" was released on October 13, 2008. \"\"Avatar: Legends of the Arena\"\", a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) for Microsoft Windows, was released on September 15, 2008, by Nickelodeon. Players can create their own character and interact with other players around the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20699510", "chunk_text": "\"The Last Airbender\"\nJin Solstein played an earthbending boy. Comedian Aasif Mandvi played Commander Zhao, Cliff Curtis played Fire Lord Ozai, and Keong Sim was cast in the role of an Earthbender. Ringer began practicing Taekwondo – the martial art and national sport of Korea – at the age of 10. His skills later garnered accolades, including the title of American Taekwondo Association Texas State Champion. He began shaving his head during his martial arts training to help cool off, which gave him the nickname \"\"Avatar\"\" due to his resemblance to Aang from the animated series. When he heard about the film adaptation,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060214", "chunk_text": "\"Avatar: The Last Airbender\"\namong the four nations, and act as a mediator between humans and spirits. When the Avatar dies, their spirit is reincarnated into the next of the four nations in what is known as the Avatar cycle: the Fire Nation, Air Nomads, Water Tribe and Earth Kingdom. An Avatar is required to master each bending art, beginning with the element of their home nation, and proceeding to learn the others in the order of the Avatar cycle, starting at the age of sixteen. Avatars also possess the ability to enter a condition known as the Avatar State, in which they gain", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7011464", "chunk_text": "\"The Legend of Korra (season 1)\"\naired on Nickelodeon and Nickelodeon HD between April 14, 2012, and June 23, 2012. For U.S. residents, the episodes were available for free viewing on the channel's website and for purchase through digital download services. Nicktoons re-aired \"\"Book One\"\", with a few minutes of commentary from the series's creators during commercial breaks, from July 9 to July 20, 2012, under the name \"\"Korra: Making of a Legend\"\". This series debuted in Canada on channel YTV on June 9, 2012, and on Nickelodeon Canada in late 2012. The series also premiered on Nickelodeon UK and Ireland on July 7, 2013. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18649998", "chunk_text": "\"The Legend of Korra\"\nand the Blu-ray releases contain commentary for additional episodes. The following table indicates the release dates of the DVD and Blu-ray versions of the series: The series premiere averaged 4.5 million viewers, ranking it as basic cable's number-one kids' show and top animated program for the week with total viewers. \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\" also ranks as the network's most-watched animated series premiere in three years. \"\"Book One: Air\"\" drew an average of 3.8 million viewers per episode. This was the highest audience total for an animated series in the United States in 2012. \"\"Book Two: Spirits\"\" premiered with 2.6", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20141422", "chunk_text": "\"The Last Airbender\"\nfor many years. In 2018, Michael Dante Dimartino and Bryan Konietzko announced a live-action remake of the animated series on Netflix, effectively cancelling any chance of future films. 15-year-old Sokka and his 14-year-old sister , are near a river at the Southern Water Tribe, a small village in the South Pole. While hunting, they discover an iceberg that when broken open shoots a beam of light into the sky. Inside of the iceberg is a 12-year-old boy named Aang and a giant flying bison named Appa. Unknown to them, Aang is the long-lost Avatar – the only person capable of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16018981", "chunk_text": "\"Welcome to Republic City\"\nWelcome to Republic City \"\"Welcome to Republic City\"\" is the first episode of the Nickelodeon series \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\". The series premiered online on March 24, 2012 and on Nickelodeon on April 14, 2012, as a sequel to the original series, \"\"\"\". The setting of the second series has changed dramatically from the first series. Most events take place in a city known as Republic City, which is a \"\"steampunk\"\" style city. Most notably, the access to electricity in the new series substantiates the passing of time between the two series. Set 70 years after the events of ,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3327	islamic term for the community of the faithful?	n/a	[ "ummat al-Islamiyah", "Ummah" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4288548", "chunk_text": "Ummah\nUmmah It is a synonym for ' (, 'the Islamic community'), and it is commonly used to mean the collective community of Islamic peoples. In the Quran the ummah typically refers to a single group that shares common religious beliefs, specifically those that are the objects of a divine plan of salvation. In the context of pan-Islamism and politics, the word ' can be used to mean the concept of a \"\"Commonwealth of the Believers\"\" ( \"\"\"\"). The word \"\"Ummah\"\" (pl. \"\"umam\"\") means Nation in Arabic. For example the Arabic term for the United Nations in Arabic is \"\"الأمم المتحدة", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12271267", "chunk_text": "Ummah\nin a guided community. The essentials of the new society were the new relations between human beings and God and between human beings and one another. The society was held together by the Prophet. Feuding among Muslim clans was forbidden. Muhammad's community was designed to transform the world itself through action in the world. Ummah It is a synonym for ' (, 'the Islamic community'), and it is commonly used to mean the collective community of Islamic peoples. In the Quran the ummah typically refers to a single group that shares common religious beliefs, specifically those that are the objects", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3702612", "chunk_text": "\"Religious community\"\nReligious community A religious community is a community (group of people) who practice the same religion. The term is used in a wider sense and a different narrower sense. People who define themselves as having a particular religion are considered to be members of the religion's community. In the wider sense, the term is used to refer to members of one religion who may live in groups, or near or intermingled with members of other religions. Community members may mix with others in everyday life, but worship separately, typically in a dedicated temple such as a church or mosque. One", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12376193", "chunk_text": "Sahabah\nSahabah The term ( meaning \"\"the companions\"\", from the verb meaning \"\"accompany\"\", \"\"keep company with\"\", \"\"associate with\"\") refers to the companions, disciples, scribes and family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. This form is definite plural; the indefinite singular is masculine sahabi ('), feminine sahabia ('). Later scholars accepted their testimony of the words and deeds of Muhammad, the occasions on which the Quran was revealed and various important matters of Islamic history and practice. The testimony of the companions, as it was passed down through trusted chains of narrators (\"\"isnads\"\"), was the basis of the developing Islamic tradition. From the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19254360", "chunk_text": "Infidel\nIn the Quran the term \"\"people of the book\"\" refers to Jews, Christians, and Sabians. Some scholars claim Islam considers Jews and Christians as fellow believers. They are called the \"\"People of the Book (\"\"Ahl al-kitab\"\")\"\". Other Islamic scholars and literature, however, consider Jews and Christians as kafirs. The class of \"\"kafir\"\" also includes the category of \"\"murtadd\"\", variously translated as apostate or renegades, for whom classical jurisprudence prescribes death if they refuse to return to Islam. On the subject of ritual impurity of unbelievers, one finds a range of opinions, \"\"from the strictest to the most tolerant\"\", in classical", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4962041", "chunk_text": "\"Mu'mina\"\nMu'mina Muʾmin () is an Arabic Islamic term, frequently referenced in the Quran, that literally means \"\"believer\"\", and denotes a person who has complete submission to the Will of Allah and has faith firmly established in his heart, i.e. a \"\"faithful Muslim\"\". The term(Mu'mina) مومينه is used to identify a female that has a higher degree of faith in Islam. The Quran states: This verse addresses the believers, exhorting them to believe, implying multiple stages of belief. In Islamic theology, there exists a significant difference between a Muslim and a Mu'min. A Muslim is a person who has come under", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8083977", "chunk_text": "\"Yoruba people\"\ntraditionally known to the Yoruba as Esin Male or simply Imale i.e. religion of the Malians. The adherents of the Islamic faith are called Musulumi in Yoruba to correspond to Muslim, the Arabic word for an adherent of Islam having as the active participle of the same verb form, and means \"\"submitter (to Allah)\"\" or a nominal and active participle of Islam derivative of \"\"Salaam\"\" i.e. (Religion of) Peace. The word sometimes has distinct connotations in its various occurrences in the Quran. In some verses, there is stress on the quality of Islam as a Religion of Peace and as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14000682", "chunk_text": "Islam\n\"\"submission\"\" or \"\"surrender\"\". \"\"Muslim\"\", the word for an adherent of Islam, is the active participle of the same verb form, and means \"\"submitter\"\" or \"\"one who surrenders\"\". The word sometimes has distinct connotations in its various occurrences in the Quran. In some verses, there is stress on the quality of Islam as an internal spiritual state: \"\"Whomsoever God desires to guide, He opens his heart to Islam.\"\" Other verses connect Islam and religion (\"\"dīn\"\") together: \"\"Today, I have perfected your religion (\"\"dīn\"\") for you; I have completed My blessing upon you; I have approved Islam for your religion.\"\" Still others", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12350022", "chunk_text": "\"People of the Book\"\nPeople of the Book People of the Book/Scripture ( ′Ahl al-Kitāb) is an Islamic term referring to Jews, Christians, and Sabians and sometimes applied to members of other religions such as Zoroastrians. It is also used in Judaism to refer to the Jewish people and by members of some Christian denominations to refer to themselves. The Quran uses the term in reference to Jews, Christians and Sabians in a variety of contexts, from religious polemics to passages emphasizing community of faith between those who possess monotheistic scriptures. The term was later extended to other religious communities that fell under Muslim", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1105798", "chunk_text": "Schism\n\"\"My Ummah (Community or Nation) will be fragmented into seventy-three sects, and all of them will be in the Hell fire except one.\"\" The Sahaba (his companions) asked him which group that would be, whereupon he replied, \"\"It is the one to which I and my companions belong\"\" (reported in Sunan al-Tirmidhi Hadith No. 171). Sunni Muslims, often referred to as \"\"Ahl as-Sunnah wa’l-Jamā‘h\"\" or \"\"Ahl as-Sunnah\"\", are the largest denomination of Islam. The word \"\"Sunni\"\" comes from the word \"\"Sunnah\"\", which means the teachings and actions or examples of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad; therefore, the term Sunni refers to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11245776", "chunk_text": "Nasiba\nNasiba Nasiba (from the Arabic word ناصبة ) is a derogatory Islamic term among Shia and Sunni Today the term is used by most Shia to refer to the Salafi sect. Salafis and Wahhabis regard Shia as heretics. Massacres or persecutions of Shi'a include the Wahhabi sack of Karbala in 1801, Taliban massacre of Hazara Shi'a, and guerrilla attacks in contemporary Pakistan and Iraq). In Sahih Muslim Zirr reported that 'Ali observed: By Him Who split up the seed and created something living, the Apostle (Mohammed) gave me a promise that no one but a believer would love me, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18661871", "chunk_text": "\"Schools of Islamic theology\"\nlimited to being a political symbol of Muslim strength and unity. Atharism (; \"\"textualism\"\") is a movement of Islamic scholars who reject rationalistic Islamic theology (kalam) in favor of strict textualism in interpreting the Quran. The name is derived from the Arabic word , literally meaning \"\"remnant\"\" and also referring to a \"\"narrative\"\". Their disciples are called the \"\"Athariyya\"\", or Atharis. For followers of the Athari movement, the \"\"clear\"\" meaning of the Qur'an, and especially the prophetic traditions, has sole authority in matters of belief, and to engage in rational disputation (kalam), even if one arrives at the truth, is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "445536", "chunk_text": "Mawla\nMawla Mawlā (), plural mawālī (), is a polysemous Arabic word, whose meaning varied in different periods and contexts. In the Quran and hadith it is used in two senses: Lord; and guardian, trustee, helper. In the pre-Islamic era the term originally applied to any form of tribal association. During the early Islamic era, this institution was adapted to incorporate new converts to Islam into the Arab-Muslim society and the word \"\"mawali\"\" gained currency as an appellation for non-Arab Muslims. The word \"\"mawla\"\" is derived from the root \"\"w-l-y\"\", meaning \"\"to be close to\"\", \"\"to be friends with\"\", or \"\"to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1090498", "chunk_text": "\"Sunni Islam\"\nadherents are referred to in Arabic as ' (\"\"the people of the sunnah and the community\"\") or ' for short. In English, its doctrines and practices are sometimes called \"\"Sunnism\"\", while adherents are known as Sunni Muslims, Sunnis, Sunnites and Ahlus Sunnah. Sunni Islam is sometimes referred to as \"\"orthodox Islam\"\". However, other scholars of Islam, such as John Burton believe that there is no such thing as \"\"orthodox Islam\"\". The Quran, together with hadith (especially those collected in Kutub al-Sittah) and binding juristic consensus form the basis of all traditional jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. Sharia rulings are derived from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5069336", "chunk_text": "Mohammedan\nIslam based on the hadith and examples from the life of the prophet. It has adapted institutions such as the Boy Scouts to Islamic ends as the Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia. Mohammedan Mohammedan (also spelled \"\"Muhammadan\"\", \"\"Mahommedan\"\", \"\"Mahomedan\"\" or \"\"Mahometan\"\") is a term for a follower of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It is used as both a noun and an adjective, meaning belonging or relating to, either Muhammad or the religion, doctrines, institutions and practices that he established. The word was formerly common in usage, but the terms Muslim and Islamic are more common today. Though sometimes used stylistically by some", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "296035", "chunk_text": "Takfiri\nTakfiri A takfiri ( \"\"\"\") is a Muslim who accuses another Muslim (or an adherent of another Abrahamic faith) of apostasy. The accusation itself is called \"\"takfir\"\", derived from the word \"\"kafir\"\" (unbeliever), and is described as when \"\"one who is a Muslim is declared impure.\"\" If a person (or a group) claims to be Muslim but deny any of the basic tenets of Islam, then the one who declares them kafir, is not counted as takfiri. This is used for groups like the Ahmadiyya, who are considered kafir by many Muslims because they deny the basic tenet, The Finality", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5164797", "chunk_text": "Mumin\nMumin Mumin or Momin ( \"\"mū‘min\"\"; feminine مؤمنة \"\"mū‘mina\"\") is an Arabic Islamic term, frequently referenced in the Quran, meaning \"\"believer\"\". It denotes a person who has complete submission to the Will of Allah and has faith firmly established in his heart, i.e. a \"\"faithful Muslim\"\". Also, it is used as a name and one of the names of God in Islam. The Quran states: (An-Nisa ) O you who believe! Believe in Allah, and His Messenger (Muhammad), and the Book (the Quran) which He has sent down to His Messenger, and the Scripture which He sent down to those", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4962043", "chunk_text": "\"Mu'mina\"\nHis Apostle, He will not allow you to lose any of your actions, for God is Forgiving, Merciful. http://quran.com/23 Surat ul Mu'minoon Mu'mina Muʾmin () is an Arabic Islamic term, frequently referenced in the Quran, that literally means \"\"believer\"\", and denotes a person who has complete submission to the Will of Allah and has faith firmly established in his heart, i.e. a \"\"faithful Muslim\"\". The term(Mu'mina) مومينه is used to identify a female that has a higher degree of faith in Islam. The Quran states: This verse addresses the believers, exhorting them to believe, implying multiple stages of belief. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5437297", "chunk_text": "\"Islamic revival\"\nIslamic revival Islamic revival (\"\" \"\", lit. \"\"regeneration, renewal\"\"; also \"\"\"\", \"\"Islamic awakening\"\") refers to a revival of the Islamic religion. Within the Islamic tradition, \"\"tajdid\"\" has been an important religious concept, which has manifested itself throughout Islamic history in periodic calls for a renewed commitment to the fundamental principles of Islam and reconstruction of society in accordance with the Quran and the traditions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (hadith). The concept of \"\"tajdid\"\" has played a prominent role in contemporary Islamic revival. In academic literature, \"\"Islamic revival\"\" is an umbrella term encompassing \"\"a wide variety of movements, some intolerant", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12759539", "chunk_text": "Sufism\nThey usually include a mosque, meeting rooms, Islamic religious schools (madrassas), residences for a teacher or caretaker, hospitals, and other buildings for community purposes. The term \"\"Tariqa\"\" is used for a school or order of Sufism, or especially for the mystical teaching and spiritual practices of such an order with the aim of seeking ḥaqīqah (ultimate truth). A tariqa has a murshid (guide) who plays the role of leader or spiritual director. The members or followers of a tariqa are known as \"\"murīdīn\"\" (singular \"\"murīd\"\"), meaning \"\"desirous\"\", viz. \"\"desiring the knowledge of knowing God and loving God\"\". The Bektashi Order", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16399637", "chunk_text": "\"Islamic schools and branches\"\nto be the promised Messiah (\"\"Second Coming of Christ\"\"), the Mahdi awaited by the Muslims and a \"\"subordinate\"\" prophet to Muhammad whose job was to restore the original Sharia given to Muhammad by guiding or rallying disenchanted Ummah back to Islam and thwart attacks on Islam by its opponents. The followers are divided into two groups, the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community and the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for the Propagation of Islam, the former believing that Ghulam Ahmad was a non-law bearing prophet and the latter believing that he was only a religious reformer though a prophet in an allegorical sense. Ahmadis", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10718555", "chunk_text": "\"Ma'ruf\"\nis quoted as saying, \"\"My ummah will never agree upon an error.\"\" This has been interpreted to mean that the consensus of the community is a source of moral and legal authority. There is also another verse in Quran, that says (( والاقربون أولى بالمعروف)), this is often translated as “ those who are close to you--or relatives--have priority for good deeds”. Ma’ruf is also the name of a US-based Muslim organization that advocates social justice by serving individuals, families, and communities in need. Ma'ruf Miftahul Ma'ruf () is an Islamic term meaning that which is commonly known or acknowledged.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11541454", "chunk_text": "Wahhabism\nWahhabism Wahhabism (, \"\"\"\") is an Islamic doctrine and religious salafi movement founded by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. It has been variously described as \"\"ultraconservative\"\", \"\"austere\"\", \"\"fundamentalist\"\", or \"\"puritan(ical)\"\"; as an Islamic \"\"reform movement\"\" to restore \"\"pure monotheistic worship\"\" (tawhid) by devotees; and as a \"\"deviant sectarian movement\"\", \"\"vile sect\"\" and a distortion of Islam by its opponents. The term Wahhabi(ism) is often used polemically and adherents commonly reject its use, preferring to be called \"\"Salafi\"\" or \"\"muwahhid\"\". claiming to emphasize the principle of \"\"tawhid\"\" (the \"\"uniqueness\"\" and \"\"unity\"\" of God), for exclusivity on monotheism, dismissing other Muslims as practising", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12780219", "chunk_text": "Yarsanism\nfasting during the month of Ramadan, nor share Islamic theology and sacred space, such as belief in the day of resurrection and sanctity of the mosque. Extremist Sunni Islamic groups such as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and al-Qaeda regard the followers of Yarsanism as unbelievers who have to convert to Islam or die. These militants have prosecuted Yarsanis during the Iraq conflict, possibly prompting some Iraqi Yarsan community leaders to declare in 2013 that their people were actually Muslims to avoid sectarian attacks. Yarsanism The Yarsan or Ahle Haqq (, \"\"Yarsan\"\", ; \"\"People of Truth\"\"), is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20407915", "chunk_text": "Mysticism\nre-emphasis through newly established academic investigation. Sufism is said to be Islam's inner and mystical dimension. Classical Sufi scholars have defined Sufism as A practitioner of this tradition is nowadays known as a \"\"\"\" (), or, in earlier usage, a dervish. The origin of the word \"\"Sufi\"\" is ambiguous. One understanding is that Sufi means wool-wearer; wool wearers during early Islam were pious ascetics who withdrew from urban life. Another explanation of the word \"\"Sufi\"\" is that it means 'purity'. Sufis generally belong to a \"\"khalqa\"\", a circle or group, led by a Sheikh or \"\"Murshid\"\". Sufi circles usually belong", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1090500", "chunk_text": "\"Sunni Islam\"\nthe prophet Muhammad. In Arabic, this branch of Islam is referred to as ' (), \"\"the people of the sunnah and the community\"\", which is commonly shortened to \"\"\"\" (Arabic أهل السنة). One common mistake is to assume that Sunni Islam represents a normative Islam that emerged during the period after Muhammad's death, and that Sufism and Shi'ism developed out of Sunni Islam. This perception is partly due to the reliance on highly ideological sources that have been accepted as reliable historical works, and also because the vast majority of the population is Sunni. Both Sunnism and Shiaism are the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19182730", "chunk_text": "\"People of Ya-Sin\"\nPeople of Ya-Sin People of Ya-Sin is the phrase used by Muslims to refer to an ancient community who are mentioned in the Quran as the People of the City or the Companions of the City. The location and people of this city has been the subject of much scholarly debate in Islam. According to the Quran, God sent two prophets to this particular community. When the people of the city refused to hear their words, God sent a third prophet to strengthen them. The prophets told the people: \"\"Truly we have been sent on a mission to you\"\". The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12868496", "chunk_text": "Tariqa\nTariqa A tariqa (or \"\"tariqah\"\"; \"\"\"\") is a school or order of Sufism, or specifically a concept for the mystical teaching and spiritual practices of such an order with the aim of seeking \"\"Haqiqa\"\", which translates as \"\"ultimate truth\"\". A tariqa has a \"\"murshid\"\" (guide) who plays the role of leader or spiritual director. The members or followers of a tariqa are known as \"\"muridin\"\" (singular \"\"murid\"\"), meaning \"\"desirous\"\", viz. \"\"desiring the knowledge of knowing God and loving God\"\" (also called a \"\"Faqir\"\"). The metaphor of \"\"way, path\"\" is to be understood in connection of the term \"\"sharia\"\" which also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12350039", "chunk_text": "\"People of the Book\"\nWorld\"\" (February 2010 edition), it is claimed that prominent Islamic leaders have endorsed Seventh-day Adventists as the Qur'an's true People of the Book. People of the Book People of the Book/Scripture ( ′Ahl al-Kitāb) is an Islamic term referring to Jews, Christians, and Sabians and sometimes applied to members of other religions such as Zoroastrians. It is also used in Judaism to refer to the Jewish people and by members of some Christian denominations to refer to themselves. The Quran uses the term in reference to Jews, Christians and Sabians in a variety of contexts, from religious polemics to passages", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11525550", "chunk_text": "\"Shia Islam\"\nin two separate directions: the metaphorical Ismailli group focusing on the mystical path and nature of God and the divine manifestation in the personage of the \"\"Imam of the Time\"\" as the \"\"Face of God\"\", with the more literalistic Twelver group focusing on divine law (\"\"sharī'ah\"\") and the deeds and sayings (\"\"sunnah\"\") of Muhammad and his successors (the \"\"Ahlu l-Bayt\"\"), who as A'immah were guides and a light to God. Though there are several sub-groupings within the Ismailis, the term in today's vernacular generally refers to The Shia Imami Ismaili Muslim (Nizari community), generally known as the Ismailis, who are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3597755", "chunk_text": "Ahmadiyya\nAhmadiyya—a term adopted expressly in reference to Muhammad's alternative name \"\"Aḥmad\"\"—are known as Ahmadi Muslims or simply Ahmadis. Ahmadi thought emphasizes the belief that Islam is the final dispensation for humanity as revealed to Muhammad and the necessity of restoring it to its true intent and pristine form, which had been lost through the centuries. Its adherents consider Ahmad to have appeared as the Mahdi—bearing the qualities of Jesus in accordance with their reading of scriptural prophecies—to revitalize Islam and set in motion its moral system that would bring about lasting peace. They believe that upon divine guidance he purged", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5069335", "chunk_text": "Mohammedan\nChristian and Christianity imply the worship of Christ.\"\" Also, the term \"\"al-Muḥammadīya\"\" has been used in Islam to denote several sects considered heretical. Islam has, and has had, many schools and branches. \"\"Tariqa Muhammadiyya\"\" (the Way of Mohammad) is a school of reform Sufism that arose in the 18th century and seeks to redirect and harmonize Sufi philosophy and practices with the authority and example of the prophet and hadith. In Indonesia, Muhammadiyah (followers of Muhammad) is the name of a Sunni socioreligious reform movement that shuns syncretistic and Sufi practices and advocates a return to a purer form of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16399646", "chunk_text": "\"Islamic schools and branches\"\nthe Salafi or Wahhabi movement. The Salafi movement is an ultra-conservative reform movement within Sunni Islam that emerged in the second half of the 19th century and advocated a return to the traditions of the \"\"devout ancestors\"\" (the salaf). The doctrine can be summed up as taking \"\"a fundamentalist approach to Islam, emulating the Prophet Muhammad and his earliest followers—\"\"al-salaf al-salih\"\", the 'pious forefathers'...They reject religious innovation, or bid'ah, and support the implementation of sharia (Islamic law).\"\" The movement is often divided into three categories: the largest group are the purists (or quietists), who avoid politics; the second largest group", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4096576", "chunk_text": "\"Zindīq\"\nand is therefore to be regarded as an apostate and an infidel. The jurists differ as to the theoretical formulation of the point of exclusion, but in fact usually adopt the practical criterion of open rebellion.\"\" In modern times, the term \"\"zindiq\"\" is occasionally used to denote members of religions, sects or cults that originated in a Muslim society but are considered heretical or independent faiths by mainstream Muslims. In this sense, a \"\"zindiq\"\" is perceived to be incorrigibly disloyal to the tenets of Islam. Zindīq Zindīq is a medieval Islamic term applied by Muslims to individuals who are considered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1275639", "chunk_text": "Ibadah\nare known as the \"\"pillars of Islam\"\": According to Oxford Islamic Studies, \"\"because they are of central importance to the Muslim community, the ibadat form the first subject matter of Islamic jurisprudence and most collections of prophetic traditions (hadith).\"\" The subject of ibadat is especially important in Islam (according to author Faleel Jamaldeen) because without these religious laws, \"\"Muslims would likely create their own rituals and prayers, and the religion of Islam would falter and eventually disappear.\"\" Ibadah Ibadah (, \"\"‘ibādah\"\", also spelled ibada) is an Arabic word meaning service or servitude. In Islam, \"\"ibadah\"\" is usually translated as \"\"worship\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7412171", "chunk_text": "\"Abrahamic religions\"\nto Yazidi shrines. Nevertheless, the Shabak people also go on pilgrimages to Shia holy cities such as Najaf and Karbala, and follow many Shiite teachings. The organization of Shabakism appears to be much like that of a Sufi order: adult laymen (Murids) are bound to spiritual guides (pîrs or Murshids) who are knowledgeable in matters of religious doctrine and ritual. There are several ranks of such pîrs; at the top stands the Baba, or supreme head of the order. Theoretically individuals can choose their own pîr, but in practice the pir families often become associated with lay families over several", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5629439", "chunk_text": "\"Shu'ubiyya\"\nShu'ubiyya Shu'ubiyyah () refers to the response by non-Arab Muslims to the privileged status of Arabs within the Ummah. The name of the movement is derived from the Qur'anic use of the word for \"\"nations\"\" or \"\"peoples\"\", \"\"shu'ūb\"\". The verse (49:13) is often used by Muslims to counter prejudice and fighting among different people. The use of the word in the context of a movement existed before the 9th century. The Kharijites, an early splitoff sect from mainstream Islam, used it to mean extending equality between the shu'ub and the qaba'il to bring about equality among all followers of Islam.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "527290", "chunk_text": "Sahabah\ntraditions (\"\"hadith\"\") of the life of Muhammad and his companions are drawn the Muslim way of life (\"\"sunnah\"\"), the code of conduct (\"\"sharia\"\") it requires, and the jurisprudence (\"\"fiqh\"\") by which Muslim communities should be regulated. The two largest Islamic denominations, the Sunni and Shia, take different approaches in weighing the value of the companions' testimony, have different \"\"hadith\"\" collections and, as a result, have different views about the \"\"Sahabah\"\". (The next generation of Muslims after the Sahabah — who were born after Muhammad died but knew personally at least one Sahabah — are called \"\"Tabi‘un\"\", and the generation after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14000676", "chunk_text": "Islam\nIslam Islam () is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion which teaches that there is only one God (Allah), and that Muhammad is the messenger of God. It is the world's second-largest religion with over 1.8 billion followers or 24.1% of the world's population, most commonly known as Muslims. Muslims make up a majority of the population in 50 countries. Islam teaches that God is merciful, all-powerful, unique and has guided humankind through prophets, revealed scriptures and natural signs. The primary scriptures of Islam are the Quran, viewed by Muslims as the verbatim word of God, and the teachings and normative example", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11580695", "chunk_text": "Sufism\nSufism Sufism, or Taṣawwuf (; personal noun: \"\"ṣūfiyy\"\" / \"\"ṣūfī\"\", \"\"mutaṣawwif\"\"), variously defined as \"\"Islamic mysticism\"\", \"\"the inward dimension of Islam\"\" or \"\"the phenomenon of mysticism within Islam\"\", is mysticism in Islam, \"\"characterized ... [by particular] values, ritual practices, doctrines and institutions\"\" which began very early in Islamic history and represents \"\"the main manifestation and the most important and central crystallization of\"\" mystical practice in Islam. Practitioners of Sufism have been referred to as \"\"Sufis\"\" (Arabic plurals: \"\"ṣūfiyyah\"\"; \"\"ṣūfiyyūn\"\"; \"\"mutaṣawwifah\"\"; \"\"mutaṣawwifūn\"\"). Historically, Sufis have often belonged to different \"\"ṭuruq\"\", or \"\"orders\"\" – congregations formed around a grand master referred to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7573487", "chunk_text": "Twelver\nprophet Muhammad. According to the theology of Twelvers, the Twelve Imams are exemplary human individuals who not only rule over the community with justice, but are also able to preserve and interpret \"\"sharia\"\" and the esoteric meaning of the Quran. The words and deeds (Sunnah) of Muhammad and the Imams are a guide and model for the community to follow; as a result, Muhammad and the Imams must be free from error and sin, a doctrine known as Ismah or infallibility, and must be chosen by divine decree, or \"\"nass\"\", through Muhammad. Twelver Shiism is the largest branch of Shia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14000683", "chunk_text": "Islam\ndescribe Islam as an action of returning to God—more than just a verbal affirmation of faith. In the Hadith of Gabriel, \"\"islām\"\" is presented as one part of a triad that also includes \"\"imān\"\" (faith), and \"\"ihsān\"\" (excellence). Islam was historically called Muhammadanism in Anglophone societies. This term has fallen out of use and is sometimes said to be offensive because it suggests that a human being rather than God is central to Muslims' religion, parallel to Buddha in Buddhism. Some authors, however, continue to use the term \"\"Muhammadanism\"\" as a technical term for the religious system as opposed to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15951500", "chunk_text": "Sect\ncontinue to exist. In addition, new sects like Ahmadiyya movement, Black Muslim movements, Quranists, Salafis, Wahhabis, and Zikris have been emerged independently. An Islamic convention held in Jordan in July 2005, which brought 200 Muslim scholars from over 50 countries together, announced the official recognition of eight schools of Islamic jurisprudence and the varying schools of Islamic theology. The eight recognized Islamic schools and branches are: Sect A sect is a subgroup of a religious, political, or philosophical belief system, usually an offshoot of a larger group. Although the term was originally a classification for religious separated groups, it can", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1040579", "chunk_text": "\"Shia Islam\"\ninfluential group among Shia. The word \"\"Shia\"\" ( ' ) means followers and is the short form of the historic phrase ' ( ), meaning \"\"followers of Ali\"\", \"\"faction of Ali\"\", or \"\"party of Ali\"\". \"\"Shi'a\"\" and \"\"Shiism\"\" are the forms used in English, while \"\"Shi'ite\"\" or \"\"Shiite\"\", as well as \"\"Shia\"\", refer to its adherents. The term for the first time was used at the time of Muhammad. At present, the word refers to the Muslims who believe that the leadership of the community after Muhammad belongs to Ali and his successors. Nawbakhti states that the term Shia refers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16766852", "chunk_text": "\"Muslim world\"\nMuslim world The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the unified Islamic community (Ummah), consisting of all those who adhere to the religion of Islam, or to societies where Islam is practiced. In a modern geopolitical sense, these terms refer to countries where Islam is widespread, although there are no agreed criteria for inclusion. Some scholars and commentators have criticised the term \"\"Muslim/Islamic world\"\" and its derivative terms \"\"Muslim/Islamic country\"\" as \"\"simplistic\"\" and \"\"binary\"\", since no state has a religiously homogeneous population (e.g. Egypt's citizens are c. 10% Christian), and in absolute numbers, there are sometimes fewer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5069330", "chunk_text": "Mohammedan\nMohammedan Mohammedan (also spelled \"\"Muhammadan\"\", \"\"Mahommedan\"\", \"\"Mahomedan\"\" or \"\"Mahometan\"\") is a term for a follower of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It is used as both a noun and an adjective, meaning belonging or relating to, either Muhammad or the religion, doctrines, institutions and practices that he established. The word was formerly common in usage, but the terms Muslim and Islamic are more common today. Though sometimes used stylistically by some Muslims, a vast majority consider the term a misnomer. The Oxford English Dictionary cites 1663 as the first recorded usage of the English term; the older spelling \"\"Mahometan\"\" dates back", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18661896", "chunk_text": "\"Schools of Islamic theology\"\nthe latter to be superior and eternal and this is reflected in their understanding of both the universe and humanity, which is a view that can also be found in Ismailism and Batiniyya. Bektashism is also initiatic and members must traverse various levels or ranks as they progress along the spiritual path to the Reality. First level members are called \"\"aşıks\"\" عاشق. They are those who, while not having taken initiation into the order, are nevertheless drawn to it. Following initiation (called \"\"nasip\"\") one becomes a \"\"mühip\"\" محب. After some time as a \"\"mühip\"\", one can take further vows and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12888325", "chunk_text": "Akhirah\nAkhirah ʾĀkhirah () is an Islamic term referring to the afterlife. It is repeatedly referenced in chapters of the Quran concerning the Last Judgment, an important part of Islamic eschatology. Traditionally, it is considered to be one of the six main beliefs of Muslims, the others including: Tawhid (unitarianism), belief in the angels, belief in the Revealed Books (Scrolls of Abraham, Tawrat, Zabur, Injil and Quran), belief in the prophets and messengers, and belief in predestination. According to the Islamic beliefs, God will play the role of the \"\"qadi\"\", weighing the deeds of each individual. He will decide whether that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12142528", "chunk_text": "Ulama\nUlama The Arabic term ulama (; ', singular ', \"\"scholar\"\", literally \"\"the learned ones\"\", also spelled \"\"ulema\"\"; feminine: \"\"alimah\"\" [singular] and \"\"uluma\"\" [plural]), according to the Encyclopedia of Islam (2000), in its original meaning \"\"denotes scholars of almost all disciplines\"\". More specifically, in the context of Sunni Islam, ulama are regarded as \"\"the guardians, transmitters and interpreters of religious knowledge, of Islamic doctrine and law\"\". By longstanding tradition, ulama are educated in religious institutions \"\"(madrasas)\"\". The Quran, \"\"sunnah\"\" (authentic hadith), \"\"qiyas\"\" (analogical reasoning, for Sunni Islam) or \"\"'aql\"\" (\"\"dialectical reasoning\"\", for Shia Islam), \"\"ijma\"\" (juridical consensus) are the sources of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11709116", "chunk_text": "Ibadah\nIbadah Ibadah (, \"\"‘ibādah\"\", also spelled ibada) is an Arabic word meaning service or servitude. In Islam, \"\"ibadah\"\" is usually translated as \"\"worship\"\", and \"\"ibadat\"\"—the plural form of \"\"ibadah\"\"—refers to Islamic jurisprudence (\"\"fiqh\"\") of Muslim religious rituals. In Arabic \"\"ibadah\"\" is connected with related words such as \"\"Ubudiyyah\"\" (\"\"slavery\"\"), and has connotations of obedience, submission, and humility. The word linguistically means \"\"obedience with submission\"\". In Islam, \"\"ibadah\"\" is usually translated as \"\"worship\"\" and means obedience, submission, and devotion to God. Other sources (noted Islamist author Abul A'la Maududi and others) give a broader definition of \"\"ibadah\"\", including keeping speech free", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3328	where did the river thames start and end?	n/a	[ "Thames Estuary, North Sea" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16216627", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nRiver Thames The River Thames, ( ) known alternatively in parts as the Isis, is a river that flows through southern England including London. At , it is the longest river entirely in England and the second longest in the United Kingdom, after the River Severn. It flows through Oxford (where it is called the Isis), Reading, Henley-on-Thames and Windsor. The lower reaches of the river are called the Tideway, derived from its long tidal reach up to Teddington Lock. It rises at Thames Head in Gloucestershire, and flows into the North Sea via the Thames Estuary. The Thames drains", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1304208", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nmillion years ago, in the Thanetian stage of the late Palaeocene epoch. Until around 500,000 years ago, the Thames flowed on its existing course through what is now Oxfordshire, before turning to the north east through Hertfordshire and East Anglia and reaching the North Sea near Ipswich. At this time the river system headwaters lay in the English West Midlands and may, at times, have received drainage from the Berwyn Mountains in North Wales. Brooks and rivers like the River Brent, Colne Brook and Bollo Brook either flowed into the then River Thames or went out to sea on the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6937628", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\ncourse of the present-day River Thames. About 450,000 years ago, in the most extreme Ice Age of the Pleistocene, the Anglian, the furthest southern extent of the ice sheet was at Hornchurch in east London. It dammed the river in Hertfordshire, resulting in the formation of large ice lakes, which eventually burst their banks and caused the river to be diverted onto its present course through what is now London. Progressively, the channel was pushed south to form the St Albans depression by the repeated advances of the ice sheet. This created a new river course through Berkshire and on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6937629", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\ninto London, after which the river rejoined its original course in southern Essex, near the present River Blackwater estuary. Here it entered a substantial freshwater lake in the southern North Sea basin, south of what is called Doggerland. The overspill of this lake caused the formation of the Channel River and later the Dover Strait gap between Britain and France. Subsequent development led to the continuation of the course that the river follows at the present day. Most of the bedrock of the Vale of Aylesbury is made up of clay and chalk that was formed at the end of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4234303", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nprotected by modern sea defences comprising of concrete seawall. Many of the victims were in the holiday bungalows of the eastern Newlands estate and perished as the water reached ceiling level. The small village area of the island is approximately above sea level and consequently escaped the effects of the flood. River Thames The River Thames, ( ) known alternatively in parts as the Isis, is a river that flows through southern England including London. At , it is the longest river entirely in England and the second longest in the United Kingdom, after the River Severn. It flows through", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1302227", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nThames Estuary), the river is subject to tidal activity from the North Sea. Before the lock was installed, the river was tidal as far as Staines, about upstream. London, capital of Roman Britain, was established on two hills, now known as Cornhill and Ludgate Hill. These provided a firm base for a trading centre at the lowest possible point on the Thames. A river crossing was built at the site of London Bridge. London Bridge is now used as the basis for published tide tables giving the times of high tide. High tide reaches Putney about 30 minutes later than", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6937630", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nthe ice age and at one time was under the Proto-Thames. Also created at this time were the vast underground reserves of water that make the water table higher than average in the Vale of Aylesbury. The last advance from that Scandinavian ice flow to have reached this far south covered much of north west Middlesex and finally forced the Proto-Thames to take roughly its present course. At the height of the last ice age, around 20,000 BC, Britain was connected to mainland Europe by a large expanse of land known as Doggerland in the southern North Sea basin. At", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16216648", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nWindsor and Eton, Staines-upon-Thames and Egham, Chertsey, Shepperton, Weybridge, Sunbury-on-Thames, Walton-on-Thames, Molesey and Thames Ditton. The river was subject to minor redefining and widening of the main channel around Oxford, Abingdon and Marlow before 1850, since when further cuts to ease navigation have reduced distances further. Molesey faces Hampton, and in Greater London the Thames passes Hampton Court Palace, Surbiton, Kingston upon Thames, Teddington, Twickenham, Richmond (with a famous view of the Thames from Richmond Hill), Syon House, Kew, Brentford, Chiswick, Barnes, Hammersmith, Fulham, Putney, Wandsworth, Battersea and Chelsea. In central London, the river passes Pimlico and Vauxhall, and then", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1302201", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nriver in the Ravenna Cosmography (c. AD 700). The river's name has always been pronounced with a simple \"\"t\"\" /t/; the Middle English spelling was typically \"\"Temese\"\" and the Brittonic form \"\"Tamesis\"\". A similar spelling from 1210, \"\"Tamisiam\"\", is found in the Magna Carta. The Thames through Oxford is sometimes called the Isis. Historically, and especially in Victorian times, gazetteers and cartographers insisted that the entire river was correctly named the Isis from its source down to Dorchester on Thames and that only from this point, where the river meets the Thame and becomes the \"\"Thame-isis\"\" (supposedly subsequently abbreviated to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6212908", "chunk_text": "\"Ancestral Thames\"\nAncestral Thames The Ancestral Thames is the name given to the geologically ancient precursor to the present day River Thames. During the Early and Middle Pleistocene, central and southern Britain had two main rivers of more than : the Bytham and the Ancestral Thames. For most of the Early Pleistocene the Ancestral Thames was the main river with, at its maximum extent, a catchment area that extended into Wales alongside the Chiltern Hills, through southern East Anglia and finally into lowlands in what is now the North Sea, where it joined the ancestral Rhine. In the early Ice Age the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15908449", "chunk_text": "\"Ancestral Thames\"\nin south Essex, principally the Langdon Hills, Warley and High Beach in Epping Forest. Ancestral Thames The Ancestral Thames is the name given to the geologically ancient precursor to the present day River Thames. During the Early and Middle Pleistocene, central and southern Britain had two main rivers of more than : the Bytham and the Ancestral Thames. For most of the Early Pleistocene the Ancestral Thames was the main river with, at its maximum extent, a catchment area that extended into Wales alongside the Chiltern Hills, through southern East Anglia and finally into lowlands in what is now the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16216647", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nThames Head to the confluence, the overall length of the Thames measured from Seven Springs, at , is greater than the Severn's length of . Thus, the \"\"Churn/Thames\"\" river may be regarded as the longest natural river in the United Kingdom. The stream from Seven Springs is joined at Coberley by a longer tributary which could further increase the length of the Thames, with its source in the grounds of the National Star College at Ullenwood. The Thames flows through or alongside Ashton Keynes, Cricklade, Lechlade, Oxford, Abingdon-on-Thames, Wallingford, Goring-on-Thames and Streatley, Pangbourne and Whitchurch-on-Thames, Reading, Wargrave, Henley-on-Thames, Marlow, Maidenhead,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6937650", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nthe river stopped freezing over. The building of a new London Bridge in 1825, with fewer piers (pillars) than the old, allowed the river to flow more freely and prevented it from freezing over in cold winters. Throughout early modern history the population of London and its industries discarded their rubbish in the river. This included the waste from slaughterhouses, fish markets, and tanneries. The buildup in household cesspools could sometimes overflow, especially when it rained, and was washed into London's streets and sewers which eventually led to the Thames. In the late 18th and 19th centuries people known as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14418112", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nLondon Bridge, and Teddington about an hour later. The tidal stretch of the river is known as \"\"the Tideway\"\". Tide tables are published by the Port of London Authority and are available online. Times of high and low tides are also posted on Twitter. The principal tributaries of the River Thames on the Tideway include the rivers Brent, Wandle, Effra, Westbourne, Fleet, Ravensbourne (the final part of which is called Deptford Creek), Lea, Roding, Darent and Ingrebourne. At London, the water is slightly brackish with sea salt, being a mix of sea and fresh water. This part of the river", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4234235", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nthis time, the Thames' course did not continue to Doggerland but flowed southwards from the eastern Essex coast where it met the Rhine, the Meuse and the Scheldt flowing from what are now the Netherlands and Belgium. These rivers formed a single river – the Channel River (\"\"Fleuve Manche\"\") – that passed through the Dover Strait and drained into the Atlantic Ocean in the western English Channel. The ice sheet, which stopped around present day Finchley, deposited boulder clay to form Dollis Hill and Hanger Hill. Its torrent of meltwater gushed through the Finchley Gap and south towards the new", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4231073", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nits name to three informal areas: the Thames Valley, a region of England around the river between Oxford and West London; the Thames Gateway; and the greatly overlapping Thames Estuary around the tidal Thames to the east of London and including the waterway itself. Thames Valley Police is a formal body that takes its name from the river, covering three counties. In non-administrative use, the river's name is used in those of Thames Valley University, Thames Water, Thames Television, publishing company Thames & Hudson, Thameslink (north-south railways passing through central London) and South Thames College. An example of its use", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16218877", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nupon Thames incorporated the former 'Middlesex and Surrey' banks, Spelthorne moved from Middlesex to Surrey; and further changes in 1974 moved some of the boundaries away from the river. For example, some areas were transferred from Berkshire to Oxfordshire, and from Buckinghamshire to Berkshire. On occasion – for example in rowing – the banks are still referred to by their traditional county names. Many of the present-day road bridges are on the site of earlier fords, ferries and wooden bridges. At Swinford Bridge, a toll bridge, there was first a ford and then a ferry prior to the bridge being", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16295360", "chunk_text": "\"River Brent\"\nthe goddess Brigantia The River Thames can first be identified as a discrete drainage line as early as 58 million years ago, in the Thanetian stage of the late Palaeocene epoch. Until around half a million years ago, the Thames flowed on its existing course through what is now Oxfordshire, before turning to the north east through Hertfordshire and East Anglia to reach the North Sea near Ipswich. At this time the river system headwaters lay in the English West Midlands and may, at times, have received drainage from the North Wales Berwyn Mountains. The river Brent and its valley's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4231096", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nIn addition, there are occasional backwaters and artificial cuts that form islands, distributaries (most numerous in the case of the Colne), and man-made distributaries such as the Longford River. Three canals intersect this stretch: the Oxford Canal, Kennet and Avon Canal and Wey Navigation. Its longest artificial secondary channel (cut), the Jubilee River, was built between Maidenhead and Windsor for flood relief and completed in 2002. The non-tidal section of the river is owned and managed by the Environment Agency, which is responsible for managing the flow of water to help prevent and mitigate flooding, and providing for navigation: the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16216649", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nforms one of the principal axes of the city, from the Palace of Westminster to the Tower of London. At this point, it historically formed the southern boundary of the medieval city, with Southwark, on the opposite bank, then being part of Surrey. Beyond central London, the river passes Bermondsey, Wapping, Shadwell, Limehouse, Rotherhithe, Millwall, Deptford, Greenwich, Cubitt Town, Blackwall, New Charlton and Silvertown, before flowing through the Thames Barrier, which protects central London from flooding by storm surges. Below the barrier, the river passes Woolwich, Thamesmead, Dagenham, Erith, Purfleet, Dartford, West Thurrock, Northfleet, Tilbury and Gravesend before entering the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1304223", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nbanks of the Brent but have been buried under centuries of silt. Some of the earliest written references to the Thames () occur in Julius Caesar's account of his second expedition to Britain in 54 BC, when the Thames presented a major obstacle and he encountered the Iron Age Belgic tribes the Catuvellauni and the Atrebates along the river. The confluence of the Thames and Cherwell was the site of early settlements and the River Cherwell marked the boundary between the Dobunni tribe to the west and the Catuvellauni tribe to the east (these were pre-Roman Celtic tribes). In the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1302211", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nadds some to the river's length. At Seven Springs above the source is a stone with the Latin hexameter inscription \"\"Hic tuus o Tamesine pater septemgeminus fons\"\", which means \"\"Here, O Father Thames, [is] your sevenfold source\"\". The springs at Seven Springs flow throughout the year, while those at Thames Head are only seasonal (a winterbourne). The Thames is the longest river entirely in England. (The longest river in the United Kingdom, the Severn, flows partly in Wales). However, as the River Churn, sourced at Seven Springs, is longer than the section of the Thames from its traditional source at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15908445", "chunk_text": "\"Ancestral Thames\"\nThames took a line similar to the present-day River Thame, through parts of Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire and north-west Essex, then took a course resembling that of the River Waveney along the Suffolk/Norfolk border. Initially the more northerly Bytham River was a tributary of the Thames but as the climate warmed it progressively extended its catchment. During the Anglian Stage the Bytham river more or less disappeared and the Thames was diverted to its present course through London. During the last glacial maximum, much of what is now the southern part of the North Sea was land, known to palaeogeographers as Doggerland.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16216629", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nIts catchment area covers a large part of south-eastern and a small part of western England; the river is fed by 38 named tributaries. The river contains over 80 islands. With its waters varying from freshwater to almost seawater, the Thames supports a variety of wildlife and has a number of adjoining Sites of Special Scientific Interest, with the largest being in the remaining parts of the North Kent Marshes and covering . The Thames, from Middle English \"\"Temese\"\", is derived from the Brittonic Celtic name for the river, \"\"Tamesas\"\" (from \"\"tamēssa\"\"), recorded in Latin as \"\"Tamesis\"\" and yielding modern", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1304205", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nshipping coming in and out of London, in 1732 it received the world's first lightship. This became a major landmark, and was used as an assembly point for shipping. Today it is marked by Sea Reach No. 1 Buoy. The River Thames contains over 80 islands ranging from the large estuarial marshlands of the Isle of Sheppey and Canvey Island to small tree-covered islets like Rose Isle in Oxfordshire and Headpile Eyot in Berkshire. They are found all the way from the Isle of Sheppey in Kent to Fiddler's Island in Oxfordshire. Some of the largest inland islands, for example", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4231075", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nmaritime route is formed for much of its length for shipping and supplies: through the Port of London for international trade, internally along its length and by its connection to the British canal system. The river's position has put it at the centre of many events in British history, leading to it being described by John Burns as \"\"liquid history\"\". Two broad canals link the river to other river basins: the Kennet and Avon Canal (Reading to Bath) and the Grand Union Canal (London to the Midlands). The Grand Union effectively bypassed the earlier, narrow and winding Oxford Canal which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1304207", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nCarta Island at Runnymede, Fry's Island at Reading, and Pharaoh's Island near Shepperton. In more recent times Platts Eyot at Hampton was the place where Motor Torpedo Boats (MTB)s were built, Tagg's Island near Molesey was associated with the impresario Fred Karno and Eel Pie Island at Twickenham was the birthplace of the South East's R&B music scene. Westminster Abbey and the Palace of Westminster (commonly known today as the Houses of Parliament) were built on Thorney Island, which used to be an eyot. The River Thames can first be identified as a discrete drainage line as early as 58", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4234239", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nthe ages. The northern tip of the ancient parish of Lambeth, for example, was marshland known as \"\"Lambeth Marshe\"\", but it was drained in the 18th century; it is remembered in the street name Lower Marsh. The East End of London, also known simply as the East End, was the area of London east of the medieval walled City of London and north of the River Thames, although it is not defined by universally accepted formal boundaries; the River Lea can be considered another boundary. Most of the local riverside was also marshland. The land was drained and became farmland;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18586986", "chunk_text": "\"Thames Estuary\"\nThames Estuary The Thames Estuary is where the River Thames meets the waters of the North Sea, in the south-east of Great Britain. The limits of the estuary have been defined in several ways: The estuary is one of the largest of 170 such inlets on the coast of Great Britain. It constitutes a major shipping route: its thousands of movements each year include large oil tankers, container ships, bulk carriers and roll-on/roll-off (ro-ro) ferries entering the estuary for the Port of London and the Medway Ports of Sheerness, Chatham and Thamesport. The traditional Thames sailing barge worked in this", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4231074", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nin the names of historic entities is the Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company. The administrative powers of the Thames Conservancy have been taken on with modifications by the Environment Agency and, in respect of the Tideway part of the river, such powers are split between the agency and the Port of London Authority. The marks of human activity, in some cases dating back to Pre-Roman Britain, are visible at various points along the river. These include a variety of structures connected with use of the river, such as navigations, bridges and watermills, as well as prehistoric burial mounds. A major", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16218878", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nbuilt. The earliest known major crossings of the Thames by the Romans were at London Bridge and Staines Bridge. At Folly Bridge in Oxford the remains of an original Saxon structure can be seen, and medieval stone bridges such as Newbridge, Wallingford Bridge and Abingdon Bridge are still in use. Kingston's growth is believed to stem from its having the only crossing between London Bridge and Staines until the beginning of the 18th century. During the 18th century, many stone and brick road bridges were built from new or to replace existing bridges both in London and along the length", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4234237", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nriver water to flow rapidly seaward and so erode its bed quickly downwards. The original land surface was around above the current sea level. The surface had sandy deposits from an ancient sea, laid over sedimentary clay (this is the blue London Clay). All the erosion down from this higher land surface, and the sorting action by these changes of water flow and direction, formed what is known as the Thames River Gravel Terraces. Since Roman times and perhaps earlier, the isostatic rebound from the weight of previous ice sheets, and its interplay with the eustatic change in sea level,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8960133", "chunk_text": "\"Thames Conservancy\"\nThames Conservancy The Thames Conservancy (formally the Conservators of the River Thames) was a historical body responsible for the management of the River Thames in England. It was founded in 1857, initially replacing the jurisdiction of the City of London up to Staines and later taking responsibility for the whole river from Cricklade in Wiltshire to the sea at Yantlet Creek on the Isle of Grain. Responsibilities were reduced when the Tideway was transferred to the Port of London Authority in 1909 and in 1974 the Conservancy was taken into the Thames Water Authority. The stretch of river between the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1302202", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nThames) should it be so called. Ordnance Survey maps still label the Thames as \"\"River Thames or Isis\"\" down to Dorchester. However, since the early 20th century this distinction has been lost in common usage outside of Oxford, and some historians suggest the name \"\"Isis\"\" is nothing more than a truncation of \"\"Tamesis\"\", the Latin name for the Thames. Sculptures titled \"\"Tamesis\"\" and \"\"Isis\"\" by Anne Seymour Damer can be found on the bridge at Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire (the original terracotta and plaster models were exhibited at the Royal Academy, London, in 1785. They are now on show at the River", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16218890", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nbefore the tidal section of the river starts is Royal Canoe Club, said to be the oldest in the world and founded in 1866. Since 1950, almost every year at Easter, long distance canoeists have been competing in what is now known as the Devizes to Westminster International Canoe Race, which follows the course of the Kennet and Avon Canal, joins the River Thames at Reading and runs right up to a grand finish at Westminster Bridge. In 2006 British swimmer and environmental campaigner Lewis Pugh became the first person to swim the full length of the Thames from outside", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1304252", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\npresented a formidable barrier, with Belgic tribes and Anglo-Saxon kingdoms being defined by which side of the river they were on. When English counties were established their boundaries were partly determined by the Thames. On the northern bank were the ancient counties of Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Middlesex and Essex. On the southern bank were the counties of Wiltshire, Berkshire, Surrey and Kent. The 214 bridges and 17 tunnels that have been built to date have changed the dynamics and made cross-river development and shared responsibilities more practicable. In 1965, upon the creation of Greater London, the London Borough of Richmond", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3927296", "chunk_text": "\"Thames Conservancy\"\nThames Water was privatised in 1990 the river management functions passed to the new National Rivers Authority and in 1996 to the Environment Agency. Thames Conservancy The Thames Conservancy (formally the Conservators of the River Thames) was a historical body responsible for the management of the River Thames in England. It was founded in 1857, initially replacing the jurisdiction of the City of London up to Staines and later taking responsibility for the whole river from Cricklade in Wiltshire to the sea at Yantlet Creek on the Isle of Grain. Responsibilities were reduced when the Tideway was transferred to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16218841", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nhours, but the whale died on a barge. \"\"See River Thames whale\"\". The River Thames has played several roles in human history: as an economic resource, a maritime route, a boundary, a fresh water source, a source of food and more recently a leisure facility. In 1929, John Burns, one-time MP for Battersea, responded to an American's unfavourable comparison of the Thames with the Mississippi by coining the expression \"\"The Thames is liquid history\"\". There is evidence of human habitation living off the river along its length dating back to Neolithic times. The British Museum has a decorated bowl (3300–2700", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6937649", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nThomas Doggett was so grateful to a local waterman for his efforts in ferrying him home, pulling against the tide, that he set up a rowing race for professional watermen known as \"\"Doggett's Coat and Badge\"\". By the 18th century, the Thames was one of the world's busiest waterways, as London became the centre of the vast, mercantile British Empire, and progressively over the next century the docks expanded in the Isle of Dogs and beyond. Efforts were made to resolve the navigation conflicts upstream by building locks along the Thames. After temperatures began to rise again, starting in 1814,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4234240", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nit was built on after the Industrial Revolution. Use of the term \"\"East End\"\" in a pejorative sense began in the late 19th century, Canvey Island in southern Essex (area ; population 37,479) was once marshy, but is now a fully reclaimed island in the Thames estuary. It is separated from the mainland of south Essex by a network of creeks. Lying below sea level it is prone to flooding at exceptional tides, but has nevertheless been inhabited since Roman times. Various species of birds feed off the river or nest on it, some being found both at sea and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16216644", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\ntwo Summer Olympic Games: 1908 (rowing) and 1948 (rowing and canoeing). Safe headwaters and reaches are a summer venue for organised swimming, which is prohibited on safety grounds in a stretch centred on Central London. The usually quoted source of the Thames is at Thames Head (at ). This is about north of Kemble parish church in southern Gloucestershire, near the town of Cirencester, in the Cotswolds. However, Seven Springs near Cheltenham, where the Churn (which feeds into the Thames near Cricklade) rises, is also sometimes quoted as the Thames' source, as this location is furthest from the mouth, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14418133", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nis now central southern England, and pottery was distributed by boats on the Thames and its tributaries. Competition for the use of the river created the centuries-old conflict between those who wanted to dam the river to build millraces and fish traps and those who wanted to travel and carry goods on it. Economic prosperity and the foundation of wealthy monasteries by the Anglo-Saxons attracted unwelcome visitors and by around AD 870 the Vikings were sweeping up the Thames on the tide and creating havoc as in their destruction of Chertsey Abbey. Once King William had won total control of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16218842", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nBC), found in the river at Hedsor, Buckinghamshire, and a considerable amount of material was discovered during the excavations of Dorney Lake. A number of Bronze Age sites and artefacts have been discovered along the banks of the river including settlements at Lechlade, Cookham and Sunbury-on-Thames. So extensive have the changes to this landscape been that what little evidence there is of man's presence before the ice came has inevitably shown signs of transportation here by water and reveals nothing specifically local. Likewise, later evidence of occupation, even since the arrival of the Romans, may lie next to the original", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4234260", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nto help reduce the flood risk in Maidenhead Windsor and Eton. In 2010, the Thames won the largest environmental award in the world – the $350,000 International Riverprize. One of the major resources provided by the Thames is the water distributed as drinking water by Thames Water, whose area of responsibility covers the length of the River Thames. The Thames Water Ring Main is the main distribution mechanism for water in London, with one major loop linking the Hampton, Walton, Ashford and Kempton Park Water Treatment Works with central London. In the past, commercial activities on the Thames included fishing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6937667", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\ngeneral jurisdiction over the Thames, one of the four royal rivers, and appointed water bailiffs to oversee the river upstream of Staines. The City of London exercised jurisdiction over the tidal Thames. However, navigation was increasingly impeded by weirs and mills, and in the 14th century the river probably ceased to be navigable for heavy traffic between Henley and Oxford. In the late 16th century the river seems to have been reopened for navigation from Henley to Burcot. The first commission concerned with the management of the river was the Oxford-Burcot Commission, formed in 1605 to make the river navigable", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1302200", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nwell as one of the Thames' tributaries called the Thame. Kenneth H. Jackson has proposed that the name of the Thames is not Indo-European (and of unknown meaning), while Peter Kitson suggested that it is Indo-European but originated before the Celts and has a name indicating \"\"muddiness\"\" from a root \"\"tā-\"\", 'melt'. Indirect evidence for the antiquity of the name 'Thames' is provided by a Roman potsherd found at Oxford, bearing the inscription \"\"Tamesubugus fecit\"\" (Tamesubugus made [this]). It is believed that Tamesubugus' name was derived from that of the river. Tamese was referred to as a place, not a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1302203", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nand Rowing Museum in Henley). Richard Coates suggests that while the river was as a whole called the Thames, part of it, where it was too wide to ford, was called \"\"(p)lowonida\"\". This gave the name to a settlement on its banks, which became known as Londinium, from the Indo-European roots \"\"pleu-\"\" \"\"flow\"\" and *\"\"-nedi\"\" \"\"river\"\" meaning something like the flowing river or the wide flowing unfordable river. For merchant seamen, the Thames has long been just the \"\"London River\"\". Londoners often refer to it simply as \"\"the river\"\" in expressions such as \"\"south of the river\"\". The river gives", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12447006", "chunk_text": "\"Thames Path\"\nThames Path The Thames Path is a National Trail following the River Thames from its source near Kemble in Gloucestershire to the Thames Barrier at Charlton, south east London. It is about long. A path was first proposed in 1948 but it only opened in 1996. The Thames Path's entire length can be walked, and a few parts can be cycled. Some parts of the Thames Path, particularly west of Oxford, are subject to flooding during the winter. The river is also tidal downstream from Teddington Lock and parts of the path may be under water if there is a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1302219", "chunk_text": "\"River Thames\"\nwhen the ice melt nearly concluded over the past 4,000 years. Since the beginning of the 20th century, rates of sea level rise range from 1.22 mm per year to 2.14 mm per year. The Thames River Basin District, including the Medway catchment, covers an area of . The river basin includes both rural and heavily urbanised areas in the east and northern parts while the western parts of the catchment are predominantly rural. The area is among the driest in the United Kingdom. Water resources consist of groundwater from aquifers and water taken from the Thames and its tributaries,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10816245", "chunk_text": "\"Thames Head\"\nis usually only water during a wet winter. Thames Head Thames Head is the site in Gloucestershire, traditionally identified as the source of the River Thames, a major river which runs through the centre of London. It is in a meadow known as Trewsbury Mead near the village of Kemble and the town of Cirencester. The elevation of the source is above sea level. The claim that this site is the source of the River Thames is disputed. The Environment Agency, the Ordnance Survey and other authorities have the source of the Thames as Trewsbury Mead. Others hold that the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3329	when does part 5 of jojo take place?	n/a	[ "The manga begins in 2001", "2001" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15860285", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\na different descendant of the Joestar family. During Part 5, which takes place in Italy, the series' title was occasionally written in Italian as \"\"Le Bizzarre Avventure di GioGio\"\". After volume 63, each parts' \"\"tankōbon\"\" have started the number count back at one; see \"\"Stone Ocean\"\", \"\"Steel Ball Run\"\" and \"\"JoJolion\"\". The series was switched to the magazine \"\"Ultra Jump\"\" in 2005, during \"\"Steel Ball Run\"\", with the chapters now published monthly. \"\"JoJolion\"\", the current arc, began on May 19, 2011. A \"\"sōshūhen\"\" edition that aims to recreate the manga as it was originally serialized in \"\"Weekly Shōnen Jump\"\" with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14060399", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\n16, 2011, and is based on Part 5. Isin's was released on December 16, 2011, based on Part 3 and titled \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure Over Heaven\"\". Maijō's novel, \"\"Jorge Joestar\"\", was revealed in July and released on September 19, 2012. It tells the story of George Joestar II, son of Jonathan and father of Joseph, in his childhood growing up on La Palma where he is known as \"\"Jorge Joestar\"\" as well as an alternate version living in Japan named \"\"Joji Joestar\"\" investigating mysteries behind the appearance of a moving island. It features characters from and inspired by nearly every", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20147246", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders\"\nbegan airing in North America on Adult Swim's Toonami programming block from July 29, 2017. Viz Media released a Blu-ray set of the first 24 episodes, that includes English and Japanese audio with subtitles for the Japanese, in North America on July 3, 2018. Set in 1987, the series follows Jotaro Kujo and his comrades who have developed mysterious powers known as Stands. Jotaro, his grandfather Joseph Joestar and their allies, travel to Egypt in search of the evil and immortal vampire Dio Brando, now known solely as \"\"DIO\"\" to save Jotaro's mother Holly whose Stand has awakened and threatens", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2445206", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Diamond Is Unbreakable\"\n\"\"Thus Spoke Kishibe Rohan\"\" spin-off manga was distributed in 2017 to those who purchased every DVD or Blu-ray disc release of the series. A second OVA was released with a special edition of the manga's second volume on July 19, 2018. On July 6, 2018, Viz Media announced that the series would air on Adult Swim's Toonami starting on August 18. Set in 1999, 11 years after the events of \"\"Stardust Crusaders\"\", Jotaro Kujo tracks down Josuke Higashikata, the illegitimate son of Joseph Joestar, to help him find a magical bow and arrow which grants people Stand powers. Along the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18956878", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure (2012 TV series)\"\nThe series was simulcast by Crunchyroll, with some character names altered to avoid copyright infringement. An English dub of the first three episodes was streamed on July 5, 2014. On October 24, 2015, Warner Bros. Animation announced that production on a third season of the anime to focus on the 4th story arc of \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\", \"\"Diamond Is Unbreakable\"\". Set in 1999, eleven years after the events \"\"Stardust Crusaders\"\", the series follows Joseph Joestar's illegitimate son Josuke Higashikata as he and his Stand-wielding friends in the town of Morioh in M-Prefecture's capital S-City become wrapped up in a murder", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17214739", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Golden Wind\"\non Tokyo MX and other channels and is being simulcast by Crunchyroll. Like previous seasons, some names are altered in the official English releases to avoid potential copyright infringement. The opening theme is \"\"Fighting Gold\"\" performed by Coda, while the ending theme is the 1995 single \"\"Freek'n You\"\" by Jodeci. Set in 2001, two years after the events of \"\"\"\", Koichi Hirose is sent to Italy and tasked by Jotaro Kujo to search for Giorno Giovanna, an aspiring mafia gangster who is a son of Dio Brando who took control of Jonathan Joestar's body. The series follows Giorno as he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9461859", "chunk_text": "\"Golden Wind (manga)\"\nleft off and are numbered 440 to 594, with the \"\"tankōbon\"\" volumes numbered 47 to 63. It was preceded by \"\"Diamond Is Unbreakable\"\" and followed by \"\"Stone Ocean\"\". An anime adaptation by David Production, \"\"\"\", premiered on October 5, 2018. In 2001, Koichi Hirose goes to Naples at the request of Jotaro Kujo to find someone known as Haruno Shiobana and get a skin sample of theirs. Shiobana turns out to be a middle school student named Giorno Giovanna, and the son of Dio Brando. Giorno steals Koichi's luggage using his Stand, noting that the Japanese teen has a similar", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18956876", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure (2012 TV series)\"\nthe series. The second season, titled \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders\"\", adapts the series third story arc, \"\"Stardust Crusaders\"\". Set in 1987, the story follows Joseph's grandson, Jotaro Kujo, and his companions as they seek to defeat DIO, who has placed a curse on his mother, using special abilities known as Stands. The series is split into two halves, each lasting 24 episodes. The first half aired in Japan between April 4, 2014 and September 12, 2014, while the second half, subtitled \"\"Battle in Egypt\"\", aired between January 9, 2015 and June 19, 2015. For the first half, the opening", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13752717", "chunk_text": "\"Golden Wind (manga)\"\nGolden Wind (manga) , also known as Vento Aureo, is the fifth story arc of the Japanese manga series \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\", written and illustrated by Hirohiko Araki. It was serialized in \"\"Weekly Shōnen Jump\"\" from the November 20, 1995 issue to the April 5, 1999 issue. In its original publication, it was referred to as \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure Part 5 Giorno Giovanna: Golden Heritage\"\". Within \"\"Golden Wind\"\", the \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\" title is rendered in Italian, as \"\"Le Bizzarre Avventure di GioGio\"\". As it is the fifth part of the series, the 155 chapters pick up where the fourth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15860275", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\nbegan publishing the series from the beginning in 2015. \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\" tells the story of the Joestar family, a family whose various members discover they are destined to take down supernatural foes using unique powers that they possess. The manga is split up into 8 unique parts, each following the story of one member of the Joestar family, who inevitably has a name that can be abbreviated to the titular \"\"JoJo\"\". The first six parts of the series take place within a single continuity, while parts 7 and 8 take place in an alternate continuity. For \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "143484", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\nwas officially announced in October 2013 in the November 2013 issue of \"\"Ultra Jump\"\" and the fifth \"\"tankōbon\"\" volume of \"\"JoJolion\"\". It was broadcast on Tokyo MX in two parts for a total of 48 episodes; the first from April 4 to September 12, 2014, and the second from January 9 to June 19, 2015. At the \"\"Last Crusaders\"\" event for \"\"Stardust Crusaders\"\", an adaptation of \"\"Diamond Is Unbreakable\"\" was announced. It premiered on April 1, 2016 and ended on December 23, 2016. An OVA adapting the \"\"Thus Spoke Rohan Kishibe\"\" manga spin-offs will be made available to those in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15860274", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\nadapting the fourth aired between April and December 2016, and a new season adapting the fifth premiered in October 2018. The \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\" manga has over 100 million copies in print, making it one of the best-selling manga series in history, and has spawned a large media franchise that includes several novelizations and video games, action figures, a jewelry line, and even snack foods. From 2003 to 2005, Super Techno Arts released both OVA series in North America. Viz Media released a translation of the third part of \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\" in North America from 2005 to 2010, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18956872", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure (2012 TV series)\"\n2013. In the United States, it aired on Adult Swim's Toonami programming block starting on October 15, 2016. A second season covering the third part, \"\"Stardust Crusaders\"\", was divided in two parts, the first aired between April 4, 2014 and September 12, 2014, and the second between January 9, 2015 and June 19, 2015. A third season covering the fourth part, \"\"Diamond Is Unbreakable\"\", aired from April 1, 2016 to December 23, 2016, and a fourth season covering the fifth part, \"\"Golden Wind\"\", started airing on October 5, 2018. The series is distributed in North America by Warner Home Video", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13752724", "chunk_text": "\"Golden Wind (manga)\"\n2001. An Italian translation was released in 2004. A second novel, \"\"Purple Haze Feedback\"\", was written by Kouhei Kadono and released on September 16, 2011. The PlayStation 2 video game \"\"GioGio's Bizarre Adventure\"\" was released in Japan in 2002, adapting the arc. An anime adaptation by David Production premiered in October 2018, as part of their \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\" anime television series. Golden Wind (manga) , also known as Vento Aureo, is the fifth story arc of the Japanese manga series \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\", written and illustrated by Hirohiko Araki. It was serialized in \"\"Weekly Shōnen Jump\"\" from the November", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14060397", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\nToonami block. Several light novels based on the \"\"JoJo\"\" series have been written, each by a different author, but all including illustrations by Hirohiko Araki. The first, based on Part 3, was simply titled \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\", released on November 4, 1993, and written by Mayori Sekijima and Hiroshi Yamaguchi. written by Gichi Ōtsuka and Miya Shōtarō, was released on May 28, 2001, and based on Part 5. Both of these novels received Italian translations and releases; the first in 2003, often with the added subtitle of \"\"The Genesis of Universe\"\", and the second in 2004. In 2000, it was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16721694", "chunk_text": "\"Hirohiko Araki\"\n\"\"The Gorgeous Irene\"\" in 1985, that he really developed his signature art style of buff, muscular characters (it would later become more flamboyant). His next series would become his magnum opus, 1986's \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\". The series begins in 1880s England and follows Jonathan Joestar (JoJo) and his adopted brother Dio Brando, who eventually tries to kill their father in order to obtain his share of inheritance. When confronted, Dio puts on an ancient mask that turns him into a vampire. JoJo then learns a martial arts technique called \"\"hamon\"\", and travels to Dio's castle to kill him. Subsequent arcs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1350375", "chunk_text": "\"Stardust Crusaders\"\nStardust Crusaders It is the most popular arc of the \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\" series as it introduced the audience to the concept of Stands, which made it stand out from its predecessors. This popularity later spawned video games, a three volume drama CD series, two novels and two OVA series of this arc alone. An anime television adaptation by David Production, \"\"\"\", aired in Japan between April 2014 and June 2015. The story begins in 1987, centered on troublesome student Jotaro Kujo, grandson of Joseph Joestar through his daughter Holly, who moved from America to Japan. Jotaro has been arrested", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13752733", "chunk_text": "\"Steel Ball Run\"\ntrend set by the previous part, \"\"Stone Ocean\"\", of starting over the volume count. A couple of chapters were adapted into a \"\"Vomic\"\" series, which has voice actors act over the manga pages as they are shown on screen. The series is set in 1890 in an alternate reality from previous \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\" parts, where racing jockeys from all over the world flock to the United States to take part in the Steel Ball Run — a cross-country horse race from San Diego to New York City with a prize of fifty million dollars. Johnny Joestar, a former jockey", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18558868", "chunk_text": "Vulcano\nwas also later dubbed into English and shown in the United States. An asteroid is named for this island, 4464 Vulcano. The island of Vulcano is also present in Part 2 of JoJo's Bizarre Adventure by Hirohiko Araki and is the scene of the final clash between the protagonist Joseph Joestar and the antagonist Kars, leader of the Pillar Men. In the opinion of the American attorney and writer Richard Paul Roe, the comedy play \"\"The Tempest\"\" by William Shakespeare is set on the island of Vulcano. Vulcano Vulcano () is a small volcanic island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, about", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18176620", "chunk_text": "JoJolion\nbe published in a \"\"tankōbon\"\" volume. They were serialized in \"\"Ultra Jump\"\" in the October 2018 through January 2019 issues. JoJolion Set in the same continuity as \"\"Steel Ball Run\"\", was devastated by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. In the aftermath, strange structures are known colloquially as the Wall Eyes (壁の目 Kabe no Me) appear all over the town of Morioh (杜王町 Moriō-chō), with the ground beneath them having the strange property of swapping traits of whatever two objects are buried there. When a local college student named Yasuho Hirose finds a mysterious youth buried under one of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13752727", "chunk_text": "\"Stone Ocean\"\n3 occurred. While in DIO's company, DIO spoke of \"\"Heaven\"\" and how to create a \"\"perfect world\"\" when certain conditions were met. Pucci, keeping DIO to his word, proceeds with his plan to realize this \"\"perfect world\"\", which involves absorbing the remnants of DIO's bones and arriving at a predestined place on the night of the new moon. Jolyne, Hermes, and Emporio escape from prison on their hunt for Pucci while Anasui and Weather Report also escape in pursuit of Jolyne. She succeeds in sending both of Jotaro's discs to the Speedwagon Foundation and the \"\"resurrection\"\" of Jotaro quickly goes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20436923", "chunk_text": "\"Persona 5\"\nPersona 5 Persona 5 is a role-playing video game developed by Atlus. The game is chronologically the sixth installment in the \"\"Persona\"\" series, which is part of the larger \"\"Megami Tensei\"\" franchise. It was released for the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4 in Japan in September 2016, and worldwide in April 2017, where it was published by Atlus in Japan and North America and by Deep Silver in Europe and Australia. \"\"Persona 5\"\" takes place in modern-day Tokyo, and follows the protagonist codenamed Joker after his transfer to the fictional Shujin Academy after being put on probation for an assault", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13752731", "chunk_text": "\"Stone Ocean\"\nAnakis to pick up another hitchhiker who bears a striking resemblance to Weather Report as they drive off in the rain. \"\"Kono Manga ga Sugoi!\"\" recommended the series, and called Jolyne a distinctive character within the \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\" franchise. In a 2015 poll on Charapedia, Japanese readers ranked \"\"Stone Ocean\"\" as having the seventeenth most shocking ending of all time in manga and anime. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Stone Ocean Set near Port St. Lucie, Florida, the story follows Jotaro Kujo's daughter, Jolyne Cujoh, who is framed for a murder and ends up in Green Dolphin Street Jail. However, an amulet", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14060383", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\nlineage. Having originally planned the series as a trilogy, Araki thought to have the final confrontation set in present-day Japan. But he did not want it to be a tournament affair, which was popular in \"\"Weekly Shōnen Jump\"\" at the time, and therefore decided to make Part 3 a \"\"road movie\"\" inspired by \"\"Around the World in Eighty Days\"\". With Part 4, Araki said that he moved away from \"\"muscle men\"\" as they fell out of popularity with readers and he wanted to focus more on fashion. When designing his characters' outfits, Araki considers both everyday fashion and \"\"cartoonish, bizarre", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19235811", "chunk_text": "\"Phantom Blood\"\nPhantom Blood The story is set in England in 1880, and follows Jonathan Joestar, the heir of the wealthy Joestar family, and his adoptive brother Dio Brando, who wishes to take the Joestar fortune for himself. Using an ancient stone mask, Dio transforms himself into a vampire, and Jonathan learns the sunlight-based martial arts technique of \"\"Hamon\"\" to fight him. Araki described the themes of the story as \"\"being alive\"\" and \"\"an affirmation that humanity is wonderful\"\", with characters growing and overcoming problems through their own actions. The series received reviews ranging from negative to positive, with critics frequently criticizing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13752725", "chunk_text": "\"Stone Ocean\"\nStone Ocean Set near Port St. Lucie, Florida, the story follows Jotaro Kujo's daughter, Jolyne Cujoh, who is framed for a murder and ends up in Green Dolphin Street Jail. However, an amulet from her father allows her to unlock her Stand. Jotaro soon comes to visit her and informs her that a disciple of DIO's framed her so that he could kill her in prison, and urges her to escape. This plan goes awry when a Stand named Whitesnake uses its power to remove Jotaro's Stand and memories, in the form of discs. Jotaro sinks into a deathlike state,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19235848", "chunk_text": "\"Battle Tendency\"\nKars' only desire is to kill Joseph. However, a Hamon strike toward the Red Stone causes a volcanic eruption that sends both of them flying into the sky. Kars is knocked by volcanic debris into space, where he drifts for eternity. Joseph is assumed to have died saving the world until he shows up at his own funeral, where he reveals his marriage to Suzi Q. The world is once again at peace until 1987, when an aged Joseph makes an emergency trip to visit his daughter in Japan, kicking off the events of \"\"Stardust Crusaders\"\". The original volumization and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13752665", "chunk_text": "\"Battle Tendency\"\nis the grandson of Jonathan Joestar, having been raised by his grandmother Erina Joestar and told of his grandfather's death fifty years ago. In 1938, accompanying Erina to New York to visit his \"\"uncle\"\" Robert E. O. Speedwagon, now a wealthy oil tycoon, Joseph befriends a pickpocket named Smokey Brown. Joseph soon learns that Speedwagon was leading an expedition in Mexico when he was attacked by his former friend Straizo, who used the vampire-creating Stone Mask on himself. After Joseph defeats him, Straizo admits to Joseph that Speedwagon survived and is being held captive by a group of Nazi scientists", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18956879", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure (2012 TV series)\"\nmystery. The series is being directed by Naokatsu Tsuda and written by Yasuko Kobayashi with character design by Terumi Nishii and music by Yugo Kanno. The series began airing in Japan on April 1, 2016. The ending theme is Australian pop group Savage Garden's 1996 single \"\"I Want You\"\". \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Golden Wind\"\" started airing on October 5th, 2018. At the 2013 CEDEC Awards, the anime's opening sequence won in the Visual Arts division. The first DVD release of the TV anime was the fourth best-selling animation DVD in Japan for the week of January 28 to February 3,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2305438", "chunk_text": "JoJolion\nnot present when his corpse was found. Josefumi first met Yoshikage in 1997 when his mother Holy saved the boy's life after he was left to drown. Twelve years later, Yoshikage requests Josefumi's help in stealing a Rokakaka branch from the Rock Humans, and grafting it onto another tree so they can use the fruit to cure Holy of her mysterious disease. The Rock Humans finally enact revenge for this in 2011, with Yoshikage fatally wounded as Josefumi attempts to save his life. But as Josefumi feeds Kira their last Rokakaka Fruit, they are buried alive during the Tōhoku earthquake", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13752728", "chunk_text": "\"Stone Ocean\"\nunderway. During a battle with an enemy Stand user, Weather's memory disc is returned to him, after which he remembers that Pucci is in fact his long-lost brother. With his memories returned, Weather unleashes his Stand's true powers on the world and faces Pucci in combat. Weather Report is ultimately killed, and Pucci continues on to Cape Canaveral in time for the new moon. Jolyne and company catch up to Pucci but all seems lost when they are faced by the next evolution of his Stand, C-Moon. Their lives are saved when a revived Jotaro arrives, but Pucci is able", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3099947", "chunk_text": "\"Jill Valentine\"\ncapable of infecting the aquatic ecosystem. Valentine and Redfield then unravel a political conspiracy involving an earlier mutagenic outbreak, and a botched investigation by a rival agency. \"\"Resident Evil 5\"\" takes place in 2009 in the fictional African town of Kijuju, where terrorists have been turning local residents into zombies. One of these terrorists is later revealed to be Valentine, who had been missing in action for the previous two and a half years. Set in 2006, the \"\"Lost in Nightmares\"\" DLC shows Valentine and Redfield searching inside a mansion for Umbrella's founder; to save Redfield from Wesker, Valentine tackles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14060393", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\nreleased for free on September 21, 2014, as part of Shueisha's \"\"Shōnen Jump+\"\" website debut. The newest part of the series \"\"Thus Spoke Rohan Kishibe Episode #07 Monday - Sun Shower\"\" was published in \"\"Weekly Shōnen Jump\"\" on December 4, 2015. A 13-episode OVA adaptation of Part 3, \"\"Stardust Crusaders\"\", was produced by A.P.P.P.. The first set of six episodes, which begins during the middle of the arc, were released by Pony Canyon on VHS and Laserdisc from November 19, 1993, to November 18, 1994. The series was released by Klock Worx on Region 2 DVD and VHS from May", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13752712", "chunk_text": "\"Diamond Is Unbreakable\"\nbest, but not before pranking Joseph by stealing his wallet. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> In 2000, it was announced that Otsuichi would be writing a novel based on Part 4. The novel proved difficult to complete; in \"\"Kono Mystery ga Sugoi\"\" 2004, Otsuichi claimed to have written over 2000 pages, but thrown them all out. Intent on writing a novel that lived up to the manga, it took him until 2007 before \"\"The Book: JoJo's Bizarre Adventure 4th Another Day\"\" was finally released on November 26. It is set after the events in the manga, and includes illustrations by Araki. In 1997,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13423052", "chunk_text": "\"The Fifth Sacred Thing\"\nThe Fifth Sacred Thing The Fifth Sacred Thing is a 1993 post-apocalyptic novel by Starhawk. The title refers to the classical elements of fire, earth, air, and water, plus the fifth element, spirit, accessible when one has balanced the other four. The novel describes a world set in the year 2048 after a catastrophe which has fractured the United States into several nations. The protagonists live in San Francisco and have evolved in the direction of Ecotopia, reverting to a sustainable economy, using wind power, local agriculture, and the like. San Francisco is presented as a mostly pagan city where", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13752667", "chunk_text": "\"Battle Tendency\"\nPillar Men Kars, Wamuu, and Esidisi, who have developed fighting styles to counter Hamon. Joseph plays on Wamuu's pride and convinces him to let him live to be a more worthy opponent. Both Wamuu and Esidisi implant poison-filled rings in him, giving him one month to get the antidotes from each of them. Caesar takes Joseph to Venice to meet his teacher and the last Hamon master on Earth, the mysterious Lisa Lisa. Lisa Lisa is the protector of a gemstone called the Red Stone of Aja, which Kars seeks in order to evolve the Pillar Men into ultimate beings.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7523233", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Diamond Records\"\nDecember 2016 through the \"\"Ultra Jump\"\" magazine, along with the opening of pre-registration; as an incentive, players who created an account during pre-registration were given extra in-game items. The game was released in Japan on February 20, 2017 for Android and iOS devices as a free-to-play game, with the option to purchase in-game items. The game has since gotten new content through post-release updates, including the addition of new characters. In June 2017, the new character type Solitary was added along with the introduction of the character Yoshikage Kira. On September 22, 2018, a major update was released, renaming the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "143483", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\nto commemorate the 25th anniversary of creator Hirohiko Araki's career as a manga artist. At a July 5, 2012 press conference celebrating the 25th anniversary of the series and promoting an upcoming Hirohiko Araki art exhibition, Araki and his people announced that an anime adaptation of \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\" was in production and would premiere in October 2012. The 26-episode first season, which covers both the \"\"Phantom Blood\"\" and \"\"Battle Tendency\"\" arcs, aired on Tokyo MX between October 5, 2012 and April 5, 2013. Although teased at in the post-credit scenes of the finale, the second season of the anime", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14060389", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\nrelease. The first volume was released on November 8, 2005, and the last on December 7, 2010. Viz's release changed the names of several characters due to copyright concerns and included some censorship, with scenes of animal violence redrawn by Araki himself. \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\" has also seen domestic releases in Italy by Star Comics, starting in 1993, in France by J'ai Lu and Tonkam, Taiwan by Tong Li Publishing, and in Malaysia by Comics House. In 2013, Viz revealed that they planned to release the third part digitally and expressed interest in further material of the series, however, they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13752729", "chunk_text": "\"Stone Ocean\"\nto achieve his goal as C-Moon evolves once more into its final form: Made in Heaven. Using Made in Heaven, Pucci speeds up time itself, and proceeds to kill Jolyne, Jotaro, Anasui, and Hermes in front of Emporio. The final effects of Made in Heaven are completed when time accelerates to the end of the universe, leading to a new cycle of time and a parallel universe in its place, where all surviving humans have precognitive understanding of fated actions in their lives. Pucci, who believed that such knowledge of one's fate would bring all people happiness, proceeds to hunt", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1350365", "chunk_text": "\"Battle Tendency\"\nShueisha's 2002 re-release use different chapter titles. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Ōtarō Maijō's 2012 novel \"\"Jorge Joestar\"\", follows the titular character, the father of Joseph Joestar, and his story as a child in the Canary Islands and pilot in the Royal Air Force, as well as an alternate version who lives in Japan and is investigating strange events regarding alternate dimensions. The arc was adapted as part of the first season of David Production's anime television adaptation, airing between December 7, 2012 and April 5, 2013. Warner Bros. Entertainment released this series in English on July 28, 2015. The young Joseph of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4114083", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Eyes of Heaven\"\nleads Jotaro and his allies on a journey through time, space, and alternate universes, in order to stop another iteration of DIO and his disciple Father Enrico Pucci from obtaining the other pieces of the Saint's Corpse in DIO's quest to finally be free of the Joestar family and achieve his own personal heaven. Stand Users from all 8 parts of \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\" appear as Jotaro travels through time to meet his ancestor Jonathan Joestar, his grandfather Joseph Joestar while still in his youth, his younger uncle Josuke Higashikata, DIO's son but a Joestar nonetheless Giorno Giovanna, and his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13752715", "chunk_text": "\"Diamond Is Unbreakable\"\nRohan Kishibe\"\" one-shot for \"\"Weekly Shōnen Jump\"\". Entitled \"\"Thus Spoke Rohan Kishibe ~Episode 5: Millionaire Village~\"\" it was released in the October 6, 2012 issue of the magazine. In October 2015, Warner Bros. announced that Part 4 would receive an anime television adaptation that serves as a continuation of David Production's ongoing anime television of the entire series. The series began airing in April 2016. Toho and Warner Bros. partnered to produce a live-action film based on the fourth arc of \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\" that was released on August 4, 2017. Takashi Miike directed the film that stars Kento Yamazaki", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13752706", "chunk_text": "\"Diamond Is Unbreakable\"\nin a compiled format. In 1999, in the town of located in , a freshman named Koichi Hirose meets a man looking for , a popular boy in high school. Josuke, who is the illegitimate child of Joseph Joestar, soon meets the man, who introduces himself as Jotaro Kujo. Jotaro's arrival in Morioh pulls Josuke into the world of the supernatural powers known as \"\"Stands\"\", as he becomes involved in Jotaro's search for the Stand-creating Bow and Arrow. Josuke and Koichi eventually come across a pair of Stand-using brothers, Okuyasu and Keicho Nijimura. Keicho is revealed to be the one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7972849", "chunk_text": "\"Dio Brando\"\nJoestar, teaching him Hamon so he can defeat the Pillar Man Kars whose creation of the Stone masks made him indirectly responsible for Dio's transformation. It is revealed in \"\"Stardust Crusaders\"\" that Dio survived the ship's explosion and attached his head to Jonathan's body as the ship sank, confining himself in a casket at the bottom of the ocean for a century until a shipwreck salvage operation retrieved him in 1983. Dio soon meets the mystic Enya Geil who awakens his Stand, , allowing the newly dubbed \"\"DIO\"\" to stop the passage of time around him. As his head is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2305435", "chunk_text": "JoJolion\ncorpse of a man called Yoshikage Kira is found buried next to where he was discovered, whose body is missing several parts. Yashuo leaves the youth under the care of her suitor's father, Norisuke Higashikata IV, who takes him in and gives him the name Josuke while she attempts to figure things out from police reports. They also discover that the Higashikata family is related by marriage to the late Yoshikage Kira. Yasuho finds Yoshikage's mother, Holy Joestar-Kira, who stays in a Morioh hospital due to memory loss caused by an incurable disease. Meanwhile, Kyo Nijimura, Holy's daughter who works", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7523229", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Diamond Records\"\nJoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Diamond Records JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Diamond Records is a 3D action video game developed and published by Bandai Namco Entertainment for iOS and Android, and was released on February 20, 2017 in Japan. It has since received several updates, including a major 2018 update that changed the subtitle to Diamond Records Reversal and added content from \"\"Golden Wind\"\", the fifth part of the series. The game is based on the \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\" anime series, with the main portion of the game consisting of quests based on the series' story. The player assembles and controls teams of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11801550", "chunk_text": "\"GioGio's Bizarre Adventure\"\nGioGio's Bizarre Adventure GioGio's Bizarre Adventure, known in Japan as JoJo no Kimyō na Bōken: Ōgon no Kaze, is an action-adventure video game developed and published by Capcom for the PlayStation 2 on July 25, 2002 in Japan. It is based on \"\"Golden Wind\"\", the fifth part of Hirohiko Araki's manga series \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\". The player controls characters from the manga, and fight enemies in 3D environments using both physical attacks, and special combination moves performed by spirit-like \"\"Stand\"\" characters released from the player character's body. To recreate the art style used in the manga, Capcom developed a graphics", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1350378", "chunk_text": "\"Stardust Crusaders\"\nplane and ship. However, one of these assassins, Jean Pierre Polnareff, is saved and recruited into the group. In Calcutta, the group encounters gunslinger Hol Horse and serial killer J. Geil, the man who murdered Polnareff's teen sister. Though Polnareff avenges his sister, Avdol is seemingly killed by Hol Horse as he escapes. After dealing with several more assassins, including J. Geil's mother and Dio's right hand Enya, the group arrives at an island in the Red Sea. There, Avdol reveals that he faked his death and has acquired a submarine that allows them to reach Egypt. Upon arriving in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "143482", "chunk_text": "\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure\"\n25, 2000, to October 25, 2002, starting with seven newly produced prequel episodes adapting the beginning of the arc, followed by re-releases of the earlier episodes renumbered from 8 through 13 to take into account their later chronological placement. Super Techno Arts produced an English-language dub of all thirteen episodes in North America as a six-volume DVD series between 2003 and 2005, with the episodes also arranged in chronological order. \"\"JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Phantom Blood\"\", a feature film adaptation of the manga's first story arc, was released theatrically on February 17, 2007, in Japan. The film was produced by A.P.P.P.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3330	what group of animals do octopus belong to?	n/a	[ "class Cephalopoda" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12673529", "chunk_text": "Octopus\nOctopus The octopus is a soft-bodied, eight-limbed mollusc of the order Octopoda. Around 300 species are recognised, and the order is grouped within the class Cephalopoda with squids, cuttlefish, and nautiloids. Like other cephalopods, the octopus is bilaterally symmetric with two eyes and a beak, with its mouth at the center point of the eight limbs (traditionally called \"\"arms\"\", sometimes mistakenly called \"\"tentacles\"\"). The soft body can rapidly alter its shape, enabling octopuses to squeeze through small gaps. They trail their eight appendages behind them as they swim. The siphon is used both for respiration and for locomotion, by expelling", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4910261", "chunk_text": "Octopus\nball, and to fill a glass by pouring water from a bottle. Octopus The octopus is a soft-bodied, eight-limbed mollusc of the order Octopoda. Around 300 species are recognised, and the order is grouped within the class Cephalopoda with squids, cuttlefish, and nautiloids. Like other cephalopods, the octopus is bilaterally symmetric with two eyes and a beak, with its mouth at the center point of the eight limbs (traditionally called \"\"arms\"\", sometimes mistakenly called \"\"tentacles\"\"). The soft body can rapidly alter its shape, enabling octopuses to squeeze through small gaps. They trail their eight appendages behind them as they swim.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12673530", "chunk_text": "Octopus\na jet of water. Octopuses have a complex nervous system and excellent sight, and are among the most intelligent and behaviourally diverse of all invertebrates. Octopuses inhabit various regions of the ocean, including coral reefs, pelagic waters, and the seabed; some live in the intertidal zone and others at abyssal depths. Most species grow fast, mature early and are short-lived. During breeding, the male uses a specially adapted arm to deliver a bundle of sperm directly into the female's mantle cavity, after which he becomes senescent and dies. The female deposits fertilised eggs in a den and cares for them", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12673557", "chunk_text": "Octopus\nThey are not known to be migratory. Octopuses bring captured prey back to the den where they can eat it safely. Sometimes the octopus catches more prey than it can eat, and the den is often surrounded by a midden of dead and uneaten food items. Other creatures, such as fish, crabs, molluscs and echinoderms, often share the den with the octopus, either because they have arrived as scavengers, or because they have survived capture. Nearly all octopuses are predatory; bottom-dwelling octopuses eat mainly crustaceans, polychaete worms, and other molluscs such as whelks and clams; open-ocean octopuses eat mainly prawns,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4910246", "chunk_text": "Octopus\nmany species; it is unclear whether they are parasitic or are endosymbionts. Coccidians in the genus \"\"Aggregata\"\" living in the gut cause severe disease to the host. Octopuses have an innate immune system, and the haemocytes respond to infection by phagocytosis, encapsulation, infiltration or cytotoxic activities to destroy or isolate the pathogens. The haemocytes play an important role in the recognition and elimination of foreign bodies and wound repair. Captive animals have been found to be more susceptible to pathogens than wild ones. A gram-negative bacterium, \"\"Vibrio lentus\"\", has been found to cause skin lesions, exposure of muscle and death", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12673588", "chunk_text": "Octopus\ntwo-spot octopus has had its genome sequenced, allowing exploration of its molecular adaptations. Having independently evolved mammal-like intelligence, octopuses have been compared to hypothetical intelligent extraterrestrials. Their problem-solving skills, along with their mobility and lack of rigid structure enable them to escape from supposedly secure tanks in laboratories and public aquariums. Due to their intelligence, octopuses are listed in some countries as experimental animals on which surgery may not be performed without anesthesia, a protection usually extended only to vertebrates. In the UK from 1993 to 2012, the common octopus (\"\"Octopus vulgaris\"\") was the only invertebrate protected under the Animals", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4910247", "chunk_text": "Octopus\nof octopuses in extreme cases. Cephalopods have existed for 500 million years and octopus ancestors were in the Carboniferous seas 300 million years ago. The oldest known octopus fossil is \"\"Pohlsepia\"\", which lived 296 million years ago. Researchers have identified impressions of eight arms, two eyes, and possibly an ink sac. Octopuses are mostly soft tissue, and so fossils are relatively rare. Octopuses, squids and cuttlefish belong to the clade Coleoidea. They are known as \"\"soft-bodied\"\" cephalopods, lacking the external shell of most molluscs and other cephalopods like the Nautiloids and the extinct Ammonoidea. Octopuses have eight limbs like other", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4910216", "chunk_text": "Octopus\nthe pericardial cavity, and is modified by excretion, chiefly of ammonia, and selective absorption from the renal appendages, as it is passed along the associated duct and through the nephridiopore into the mantle cavity. The octopus (along with cuttlefish) has the highest brain-to-body mass ratios of all invertebrates; it is also greater than that of many vertebrates. It has a highly complex nervous system, only part of which is localised in its brain, which is contained in a cartilaginous capsule. Two-thirds of an octopus's neurons are found in the nerve cords of its arms, which show a variety of complex", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4987042", "chunk_text": "Cephalopod\nCephalopod A cephalopod () is any member of the molluscan class Cephalopoda (Greek plural , ; \"\"head-feet\"\") such as a squid, octopus or nautilus. These exclusively marine animals are characterized by bilateral body symmetry, a prominent head, and a set of arms or tentacles (muscular hydrostats) modified from the primitive molluscan foot. Fishermen sometimes call them inkfish, referring to their common ability to squirt ink. The study of cephalopods is a branch of malacology known as teuthology. Cephalopods became dominant during the Ordovician period, represented by primitive nautiloids. The class now contains two, only distantly related, extant subclasses: Coleoidea, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4910248", "chunk_text": "Octopus\ncoleoids but lack the extra specialised feeding appendages known as tentacles which are longer and thinner with suckers only at their club-like ends. The vampire squid (\"\"Vampyroteuthis\"\") also lacks tentacles but has sensory filaments. Two possible extant cephalopod phylogenies, based on genetics studies by Strugnell \"\"et al.\"\" 2007, are shown in the possible cladograms. The scientific name Octopoda was first coined and given as the order of octopuses in 1818 by English biologist William Elford Leach, who classified them as Octopoida the previous year. The Octopoda consists of around 300 known species and can be divided into two suborders, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20424779", "chunk_text": "\"Cephalopod attack\"\nCephalopod attack Various accounts of cephalopod attacks on humans have been reported since the 13th century. Cephalopods are members of the class Cephalopoda, which include all squid, octopuses, cuttlefish, and nautiluses. Some members of the group are capable of causing injury or even death to humans. Tentacles are the major organs used by squid for defending and hunting. They are often confused with arms—octopuses have eight arms, while squid and cuttlefish have eight arms and two tentacles. These tentacles are generally longer than arms and typically have suckers only on their ends instead of along the entire length. The giant", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4910206", "chunk_text": "Octopus\nis connected to the exterior by a funnel or siphon. The mouth of an octopus, located underneath the arms, has a sharp hard beak. The skin consists of a thin outer epidermis with mucous cells and sensory cells, and a connective tissue dermis consisting largely of collagen fibres and various cells allowing colour change. Most of the body is made of soft tissue allowing it to lengthen, contract, and contort itself. The octopus can squeeze through tiny gaps; even the larger species can pass through an opening close to in diameter. Lacking skeletal support, the arms work as muscular hydrostats", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4910204", "chunk_text": "Octopus\n\"\"Haliphron atlanticus\"\", weighed 61 kg (134 lb) and was estimated to have had a live mass of 75 kg (165 lb). The smallest species is \"\"Octopus wolfi\"\", which is around and weighs less than . The octopus is bilaterally symmetrical along its dorso-ventral axis; the head and foot are at one end of an elongated body and function as the anterior (front) of the animal. The head includes the mouth and brain. The foot has evolved into a set of flexible, prehensile appendages, known as \"\"arms\"\", that surround the mouth and are attached to each other near their base by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20942886", "chunk_text": "\"Common octopus\"\ncan distinguish the brightness, size, shape, and horizontal or vertical orientation of objects. They are intelligent enough to learn how to unscrew a jar and are known to raid lobster traps. \"\"O. vulgaris\"\" was the first invertebrate animal protected by the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 in the UK; it was included because of its high intelligence. The common octopus is typically found in tropical waters throughout the world, such as the Mediterranean Sea and East Atlantic. They prefer the floor of relatively shallow, rocky, coastal waters, often no deeper than 200 meters. Although they prefer around 36 grams per", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1914285", "chunk_text": "\"Animal welfare\"\ncould potentially cause \"\"pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm\"\" to \"\"protected animals\"\". Initially, \"\"protected animals\"\" encompassed all living vertebrates other than humans, but, in 1993, an amendment added a single invertebrate species, the common octopus. Primates, cats, dogs, and horses have additional protection over other vertebrates under the Act. Revised legislation came into force in January 2013. This has been expanded to protect \"\"...all living vertebrates, other than man, and any living cephalopod. Fish and amphibia are protected once they can feed independently and cephalopods at the point when they hatch. Embryonic and foetal forms of mammals, birds and reptiles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4910240", "chunk_text": "Octopus\na circular current in their aquariums and then catching them. Octopuses often break out of their aquariums and sometimes into others in search of food. They have even boarded fishing boats and opened holds to eat crabs. The veined octopus collects discarded coconut shells, then uses them to build a shelter, an example of tool use. Octopuses use camouflage when hunting, and to avoid predators. To do this they use specialised skin cells which change the appearance of the skin by adjusting its colour, opacity, or reflectivity. Chromatophores contain yellow, orange, red, brown, or black pigments; most species have three", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4910245", "chunk_text": "Octopus\nremain sensitive to stimuli and move away from unpleasant sensations. Octopuses can replace lost limbs. Some octopuses, such as the mimic octopus, can combine their highly flexible bodies with their colour-changing ability to mimic other, more dangerous animals, such as lionfish, sea snakes, and eels. The diseases and parasites that affect octopuses have been little studied, but cephalopods are known to be the intermediate or final hosts of various parasitic cestodes, nematodes and copepods; 150 species of protistan and metazoan parasites have been recognised. The Dicyemidae are a family of tiny worms that are found in the renal appendages of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4120812", "chunk_text": "Cephalopod\nthe Fisherman's Wife), in which an ama diver is sexually intertwined with a large and a small octopus. The print is a forerunner of tentacle erotica. The biologist P. Z. Myers noted in his science blog, Pharyngula, that octopuses appear in \"\"extraordinary\"\" graphic illustrations involving women, tentacles, and bare breasts. Since it has numerous arms emanating from a common centre, the octopus is often used as a symbol for a powerful and manipulative organisation, usually negatively. Cephalopod A cephalopod () is any member of the molluscan class Cephalopoda (Greek plural , ; \"\"head-feet\"\") such as a squid, octopus or nautilus.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4910254", "chunk_text": "Octopus\na powerful and manipulative organisation, usually negatively. Octopuses generally avoid humans, but incidents have been verified. For example, a Pacific octopus, said to be nearly perfectly camouflaged, \"\"lunged\"\" at a diver and \"\"wrangled\"\" over his camera before it let go. Another diver recorded the encounter on video. All species are venomous, but only blue-ringed octopuses have venom that is lethal to humans. Bites are reported each year across the animals' range from Australia to the eastern Indo-Pacific Ocean. They bite only when provoked or accidentally stepped upon; bites are small and usually painless. The venom appears to be able to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3684484", "chunk_text": "\"Blue-ringed octopus\"\nBlue-ringed octopus Blue-ringed octopuses, comprising the genus \"\"Hapalochlaena\"\", are four highly venomous species of octopus that are found in tide pools and coral reefs in the Pacific and Indian oceans, from Japan to Australia. They can be identified by their yellowish skin and characteristic blue and black rings that change color dramatically when the animal is threatened. They eat small animals, including crabs, hermit crabs, shrimp, and other crustaceans. They are recognized as one of the world's most venomous marine animals. Despite their small size——and relatively docile nature, they are dangerous to humans if provoked and handled because of their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1236088", "chunk_text": "Squid\nSquid Squid are cephalopods in the order Teuthida with elongated bodies, large eyes, eight arms and two tentacles. Like all other cephalopods, squid have a distinct head, bilateral symmetry, and a mantle. They are mainly soft-bodied, like octopuses, but have a small internal skeleton in the form of a rod-like gladius or pen, made of chitin. Squid can change colour for camouflage and signalling. Some species are bioluminescent, using their light for counter-illumination camouflage. Squid are members of the class Cephalopoda, subclass Coleoidea. The squid orders Myopsida and Oegopsida are in the superorder Decapodiformes (from the Greek for \"\"ten-legged\"\"). Two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4693861", "chunk_text": "Cetacea\nCetacea Cetacea () is a widely distributed and diverse clade of aquatic mammals that today consists of whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Cetaceans are carnivorous and finned. Most species live in the sea, some in rivers. The name is derived from the Latin \"\"cetus\"\" \"\"whale\"\", itself from the Greek κῆτος \"\"kētos\"\" \"\"huge fish\"\". There are around 89 extant species, which are divided into two groups or parvorders, the Odontoceti or toothed whales, a group of more than 70 species that includes the dolphins, porpoises, belugas, narwhals, sperm and beaked whales, and the Mysticeti or baleen whales, of which there are now", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16879638", "chunk_text": "Mollusca\nand other gastropods; clams and other bivalves; squids and other cephalopods; and other lesser-known but similarly distinctive subgroups. The majority of species still live in the oceans, from the seashores to the abyssal zone, but some form a significant part of the freshwater fauna and the terrestrial ecosystems. Molluscs are extremely diverse in tropical and temperate regions, but can be found at all latitudes. About 80% of all known mollusc species are gastropods. Cephalopoda such as squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses are among the neurologically most advanced of all invertebrates. The giant squid, which until recently had not been observed alive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5399340", "chunk_text": "\"Giant Pacific octopus\"\nGiant Pacific octopus The giant Pacific octopus (\"\"Enteroctopus dofleini\"\"), also known as the North Pacific giant octopus, is a large marine cephalopod belonging to the genus \"\"Enteroctopus\"\". Its spatial distribution includes the coastal North Pacific, along California, Oregon, Washington, British Columbia, Alaska, Russia, Japan, and Korean Peninsula. It can be found from the intertidal zone down to 2,000 m (6,600 ft), and is best adapted to cold, oxygen-rich water. It is the largest octopus species, based on a scientific record of a 71-kg (156-lb) individual weighed live. All cephalopods have bilateral symmetry, a shell gland, a mantle, and a well-developed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12916454", "chunk_text": "Amphioctopus\nAmphioctopus Amphioctopus is a genus of octopuses comprising around 16 species. Members of the genus \"\"Amphioctopus\"\" reside in tropical and subtropical waters. These octopuses are found primarily in the Pacific and Indian Oceans but representatives can also be found in the Atlantic. They are characterized by arms that are about two or three times their mantle length with deep lateral webs and very shallow dorsal webs. This genus can be further divided into two subgroups, one group with ocellate octopuses, the other with non-ocellate octopuses. Historically, members of this genus were placed within the genus \"\"Octopus\"\", but recognized as forming", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4910260", "chunk_text": "Octopus\n(Scientific Procedures) Act 1986. In 2012, this legislation was extended to include all cephalopods in accordance with a general EU directive. Some robotics research is exploring biomimicry of octopus features. Octopus arms can move and sense largely autonomously without intervention from the animal's central nervous system. In 2015 a team in Italy built soft-bodied robots able to crawl and swim, requiring only minimal computation. In 2017 a German company made an arm with a soft pneumatically controlled silicone gripper fitted with two rows of suckers. It is able to grasp objects such as a metal tube, a magazine, or a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5388710", "chunk_text": "Coleoidea\nColeoidea Subclass Coleoidea, or Dibranchiata, is the grouping of cephalopods containing all the various taxa popularly thought of as \"\"soft-bodied\"\" or \"\"shell-less,\"\" i.e., octopus, squid and cuttlefish. Unlike its extant sister group Nautiloidea, whose members have a rigid outer shell for protection, the coleoids have at most an internal cuttlebone, gladius, or shell that is used for buoyancy or support. Some species have lost their cuttlebone altogether, while in some it has been replaced by a chitinous support structure. The major divisions of Coleoidea are based upon the number of arms or tentacles and their structure. The extinct and most", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20942922", "chunk_text": "\"Common octopus\"\norder to stay within its preferential temperature zone. Common octopus The common octopus (\"\"Octopus vulgaris\"\") is a mollusc belonging to the class Cephalopoda. \"\"Octopus vulgaris\"\" is the most studied of all octopus species. \"\"Octopus vulgaris\"\" is considered cosmopolitan. A global species, its range in the eastern Atlantic extends from the Mediterranean Sea and the southern coast of England to at least Senegal in Africa. It also occurs off the Azores, Canary Islands, and Cape Verde Islands. The species is also common in the Western Atlantic. \"\"Octopus vulgaris\"\" grows to 25 cm in mantle length with arms up to 1 m", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20663059", "chunk_text": "\"Octopus tehuelchus\"\nOctopus tehuelchus Octopus tehuelchus, commonly known as the Patagonian octopus, is a species of octopus, a marine cephalopod mollusc of the order Octopoda. It is native to shallow waters in the subtropical southwestern Atlantic Ocean. It was first described in 1834 by the French naturalist Alcide d'Orbigny. This is a small to medium-sized octopus with a maximum length of about . The mantle is globular with a smooth surface. The head is slightly narrower than the mantle, the eyes are prominent and are surrounded by small granulations. The mantle opening is wide with a long funnel. The neck is constricted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17234957", "chunk_text": "\"Octopus tehuelchus\"\ncochlidium\"\", clams such as \"\"Pitar rostratus\"\" or \"\"Amiantis purpurata\"\" or large barnacles in the genus \"\"Balanus\"\". Medium-sized individuals favour shells of the oyster \"\"Ostrea puelchana\"\", while the largest individuals create their own shelters from shell fragments and other materials. The oyster is the most favoured shelter overall, with the majority of eggs being deposited inside the concave valve. Octopus tehuelchus Octopus tehuelchus, commonly known as the Patagonian octopus, is a species of octopus, a marine cephalopod mollusc of the order Octopoda. It is native to shallow waters in the subtropical southwestern Atlantic Ocean. It was first described in 1834 by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7578543", "chunk_text": "\"Curled octopus\"\nCurled octopus The curled octopus (\"\"Eledone cirrhosa\"\"), also known as the horned octopus, lesser octopus or northern octopus, is a species of cephalopod found in the northeast Atlantic, ranging from Norway to the Mediterranean, including the British Isles. It has a broad, ovoid-shaped mantle and can reach a total length (including arms) of up to . The head is narrower than the rest of the body with a filament over each eye. The octopus's colour is yellowish or reddish-orange to reddish-brown dorsally with diffuse rust-brown patches, and white on the underside. The skin is covered with very fine, closely set", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20942884", "chunk_text": "\"Common octopus\"\nCommon octopus The common octopus (\"\"Octopus vulgaris\"\") is a mollusc belonging to the class Cephalopoda. \"\"Octopus vulgaris\"\" is the most studied of all octopus species. \"\"Octopus vulgaris\"\" is considered cosmopolitan. A global species, its range in the eastern Atlantic extends from the Mediterranean Sea and the southern coast of England to at least Senegal in Africa. It also occurs off the Azores, Canary Islands, and Cape Verde Islands. The species is also common in the Western Atlantic. \"\"Octopus vulgaris\"\" grows to 25 cm in mantle length with arms up to 1 m long. \"\"O. vulgaris\"\" is caught by bottom trawls", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4910242", "chunk_text": "Octopus\nlive in shallow water have evolved more complex skin than their nocturnal and deep-sea counterparts. A \"\"moving rock\"\" trick involves the octopus mimicking a rock and them inching across the open space in a speed matching the movement of in the surrounding water, allowing it to move in plain sight of a predator. Aside from humans, octopuses may be preyed on by fishes, seabirds, sea otters, pinnipeds, cetaceans, and other cephalopods. Octopuses typically hide or disguise themselves by camouflage and mimicry; some have conspicuous warning coloration (aposematism) or deimatic behaviour. An octopus may spend 40% of its time hidden away", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7833518", "chunk_text": "\"Atlantic pygmy octopus\"\nAtlantic pygmy octopus The Atlantic pygmy octopus (\"\"Octopus joubini\"\"), also known as the small-egg Caribbean pygmy octopus, is a small octopus species in the order Octopoda. Fully grown, this cephalopod reaches a mantle length of with arms up to long. They are known for being intelligent creatures with keen senses, particularly good sight. \"\"O. joubini\"\" often seeks shelter from predators in empty clamshells, cans or small openings, pulling the opening closed with its arms, combining sand and gravel to form a lid. It employs the two defensive mechanisms typical of all octopuses: ink sacs and camouflage. All Cephalopods have chromatophores,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5438981", "chunk_text": "\"Octopus cyanea\"\n\"\"O. cyanea\"\" is found on reefs and in shallow waters in the Indo-Pacific. Its range extends from the Red Sea, the East African coast, and Madagascar, to southeastern Asia, Oceania, and as far as Hawaii. While most species of octopus are nocturnal, \"\"O. cyanea\"\" is diurnal, although mostly crepuscular, being active at dawn and dusk. It maintains a den to which it returns after foraging; a rock crevice, a hidden place under an overhang, a hiding place among coral heads, or a hole excavated in rubble or sand. It is a predator and searches the reef for fish, crabs, shrimp,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12673555", "chunk_text": "Octopus\nlive in every ocean, and different species have adapted to different marine habitats. As juveniles, common octopuses inhabit shallow tide pools. The Hawaiian day octopus (\"\"Octopus cyanea\"\") lives on coral reefs; argonauts drift in pelagic waters. \"\"Abdopus aculeatus\"\" mostly lives in near-shore seagrass beds. Some species are adapted to the cold, ocean depths. The spoon-armed octopus (\"\"Bathypolypus arcticus\"\") is found in abyssal plains at depths of , and \"\"Vulcanoctopus hydrothermalis\"\" lives near hydrothermal vents at . The cirrate species are often free-swimming and live in deep-water habitats. No species are known to live in fresh water. Most species are solitary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4195781", "chunk_text": "\"Blue-ringed octopus\"\nZone\"\" featured a blue-ringed octopus in its \"\"Petals To The Metal\"\" series. Blue-ringed octopus Blue-ringed octopuses, comprising the genus \"\"Hapalochlaena\"\", are four highly venomous species of octopus that are found in tide pools and coral reefs in the Pacific and Indian oceans, from Japan to Australia. They can be identified by their yellowish skin and characteristic blue and black rings that change color dramatically when the animal is threatened. They eat small animals, including crabs, hermit crabs, shrimp, and other crustaceans. They are recognized as one of the world's most venomous marine animals. Despite their small size——and relatively docile nature,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19034382", "chunk_text": "\"Seven-arm octopus\"\nSeven-arm octopus The seven-arm octopus (\"\"Haliphron atlanticus\"\") is one of the two largest known species of octopus; based on scientific records, it has a maximum estimated total length of and mass of . The only other similarly large extant species is the giant Pacific octopus, \"\"Enteroctopus dofleini\"\". The genera \"\"Alloposina\"\" , \"\"Alloposus\"\" and \"\"Heptapus\"\" are junior synonyms of \"\"Haliphron\"\", a monotypic genus in the monotypic family Alloposidae, part of the superfamily Argonautoidea in the suborder Incirrata of the order Octopoda. The seven-arm octopus is so named because in males, the hectocotylus (a specially modified arm used in egg fertilization) is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6887218", "chunk_text": "\"Octopus mercatoris\"\nOctopus mercatoris Octopus mercatoris, the Caribbean dwarf octopus, is a small octopus species native to the Caribbean Sea region of the Atlantic Ocean. Though they are common, \"\"Octopus mercatoris\"\" are rarely seen. The Caribbean dwarf octopus is mainly nocturnal, hunting by night and staying in a cave during the day. While most octopuses are cannibalistic, \"\"O. mercatoris\"\" is less cannibalistic than other species, and is sometimes found in small groups under rocks. They eat crabs, shrimps, and small fish. This species has an average lifespan of 8–10 months. Because their eggs are large, they are sometimes kept and bred as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12673558", "chunk_text": "Octopus\nfish and other cephalopods. Major items in the diet of the giant Pacific octopus include bivalve molluscs such as the cockle \"\"Clinocardium nuttallii\"\", clams and scallops, and crustaceans such as crabs and spider crabs. Prey that it is likely to reject include moon snails, because they are too large, and limpets, rock scallops, chitons and abalone, because they are too securely fixed to the rock. A benthic (bottom-dwelling) octopus typically moves among the rocks and feels through the crevices. The creature may make a jet-propelled pounce on prey and pull it towards the mouth with its arms, the suckers restraining", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5746701", "chunk_text": "Cephalopod\nincludes octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish; and Nautiloidea, represented by \"\"Nautilus\"\" and \"\"Allonautilus\"\". In the Coleoidea, the molluscan shell has been internalized or is absent, whereas in the Nautiloidea, the external shell remains. About 800 living species of cephalopods have been identified. Two important extinct taxa are the Ammonoidea (ammonites) and Belemnoidea (belemnites). There are over 800 extant species of cephalopod, although new species continue to be described. An estimated 11,000 extinct taxa have been described, although the soft-bodied nature of cephalopods means they are not easily fossilised. Cephalopods are found in all the oceans of Earth. None of them can", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9966050", "chunk_text": "Nautiloid\nas octopus and squid. Other mollusks include gastropods, scaphopods and bivalves. Traditionally, the most common classification of the cephalopods has been a four-fold division (by Bather, 1888), into the Orthoceratoids, nautiloids, ammonoids, and coleoids. This article is about nautiloids in that broad sense, sometimes called Nautiloidea \"\"sensu lato\"\". Cladistically speaking, nautiloids are a paraphyletic assemblage united by shared primitive (plesiomorphic) features not found in derived cephalopods. In other words, they are a grade group that is thought to have given rise to Orthoceratoids, ammonoids and coleoids, and are defined by the exclusion of those descendent groups. Both ammonoids and coleoids", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4910205", "chunk_text": "Octopus\na webbed structure. The arms can be described based on side and sequence position (such as L1, R1, L2, R2) and divided into four pairs. The two rear appendages are generally used to walk on the sea floor, while the other six are used to forage for food; hence some biologists refer to the animals has having six \"\"arms\"\" and two \"\"legs\"\". The bulbous and hollow mantle is fused to the back of the head and is known as the visceral hump; it contains most of the vital organs. The mantle cavity has muscular walls and contains the gills; it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12673565", "chunk_text": "Octopus\nto the suggestion that the two rearmost appendages may be more accurately termed \"\"legs\"\" rather than \"\"arms\"\". Some species of octopus can crawl out of the water briefly, which they may do between tide pools while hunting crustaceans or gastropods or to escape predators. \"\"Stilt walking\"\" is used by the veined octopus when carrying stacked coconut shells. The octopus carries the shells underneath it with two arms, and progresses with an ungainly gait supported by its remaining arms held rigid. Octopuses are highly intelligent; the extent of their intelligence and learning capability are not well defined. Maze and problem-solving experiments", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4910209", "chunk_text": "Octopus\nback of the eye. The pupil can be adjusted in size and a retinal pigment screens incident light in bright conditions. Some species differ in form from the typical octopus body shape. Members of the suborder Cirrina have stout gelatinous bodies with webbing that reaches near the tip of their arms, and two large fins above the eyes, supported by an internal shell. Fleshy papillae or cirri are found along the bottom of the arms, and the eyes are more developed. Octopuses have a closed circulatory system, in which the blood remains inside blood vessels. Octopuses have three hearts; a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12207858", "chunk_text": "\"Pain in cephalopods\"\nof all the invertebrates and larger than that of most fish and reptiles (i.e. vertebrates). However, scientists have noted that brain size is not necessarily related to the complexity of its function. Octopuses have centralized brains located inside a cartilaginous capsule surrounding the oesophagus. It is divided into approximately 40 specialized areas and lobes that are arranged hierarchically; these include the sub- and supra-oesophageal masses, and the magnocellular, buccal, inferior frontal, vertical, basal, optic, peduncle, and olfactory lobes. The lobe's functions include learning, memory, processing information from the various sensory modalities, control of motor responses and the blood system. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15717333", "chunk_text": "Enteroctopus\nEnteroctopus Enteroctopus is an octopus genus whose members are sometimes known as giant octopus. \"\"Enteroctopus\"\" is a genus of generally temperate octopuses. Members of this genus are characterized by their large size and are often known as giant octopuses. \"\"Enteroctopus\"\" species have distinct longitudinal wrinkles or folds dorsally and laterally on their bodies. Their heads are distinctly narrower than the mantle width. The hectocotylus of the males in this genus, found on the third right arm, is long and narrow in comparison with other genera in the family Octopodidae, often comprising one-fifth the length of the arm. Octopuses in this", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12673532", "chunk_text": "Octopus\nIan Fleming's \"\"Octopussy\"\". Octopuses appear in Japanese erotic art, \"\"shunga\"\". They are eaten and considered a delicacy by humans in many parts of the world, especially the Mediterranean and the Asian seas. The scientific Latin term \"\"octopus\"\" was derived from Ancient Greek ὀκτώπους, a compound form of ὀκτώ (\"\"oktō\"\", \"\"eight\"\") and πούς (\"\"pous\"\", \"\"foot\"\"), itself a variant form of ὀκτάπους, a word used for example by Alexander of Tralles (c. 525–605) for the common octopus. The standard pluralised form of \"\"octopus\"\" in English is \"\"octopuses\"\"; the Ancient Greek plural ὀκτώποδες, \"\"octopodes\"\" (), has also been used historically. The alternative plural", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16168968", "chunk_text": "\"Marine invertebrates\"\nreferred to as slugs (sea slugs). Gastropods are by far the most numerous molluscs in terms of classified species, accounting for 80% of the total. Bivalves include clams, oysters, cockles, mussels, scallops, and numerous other families. There are about 8,000 marine bivalves species (including brackish water and estuarine species), and about 1,200 freshwater species. Cephalopod include octopus, squid and cuttlefish. They are found in all oceans, and neurologically are the most advanced of the invertebrates. About 800 living species of marine cephalopods have been identified, and an estimated 11,000 extinct taxa have been described. There are no fully freshwater cephalopods.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12207834", "chunk_text": "\"Pain in cephalopods\"\nthe Coleoidea (cuttlefish, squid, and octopus) and Nautiloidea (nautiluses). They are molluscs, meaning they are related to slugs, snails and bivalves. Cephalopods are widely regarded as the most intelligent of the invertebrates. They have well developed senses and large brains, and are considered by some to be \"\"advanced invertebrates\"\" or an \"\"exceptional invertebrate class\"\". About 700 living species of cephalopods have been identified. The nervous system of cephalopods is the most complex of all the invertebrates and their brain-to-body-mass ratio falls between that of endothermic and ectothermic vertebrates. The brain is protected in a cartilaginous cranium. The possibility that non-human", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3331	when did the second it movie come out?	n/a	[ "September 6, 2019", "September 8, 2017" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1187550", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nUnadjusted for inflation, it is the highest-grossing horror film and the fourth-highest-grossing R-rated film (after the \"\"Deadpool\"\" films and \"\"The Matrix Reloaded\"\"), as well as the most profitable horror film. It received positive reviews, with critics praising the performances, direction, cinematography and musical score, with many calling it one of the best Stephen King adaptations. A sequel, \"\"It: Chapter Two\"\", is scheduled to be released on September 6, 2019. In October 1988, Bill Denbrough gives his six-year-old brother, Georgie, a paper sailboat. Georgie sails the boat along the rainy streets of small town Derry, and is disappointed when it falls", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "406306", "chunk_text": "\"It – Chapter Two\"\nLillis, Jeremy Ray Taylor, Finn Wolfhard, Chosen Jacobs, Jack Dylan Grazer, and Wyatt Oleff return from the first film as the younger Losers, respectively. Produced by New Line Cinema, Vertigo Entertainment, Rideback and KatzSmith Productions, and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures, the film is scheduled to be released on September 6, 2019. Additionally, Javier Botet, who portrayed a hobo encountered by Eddie in the first film, will appear in the film in an undisclosed role. On February 16, 2016, producer Roy Lee, in an interview with Collider, mentioned a second film, remarking that: \"\"[Dauberman] wrote the most recent draft working", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "406305", "chunk_text": "\"It – Chapter Two\"\nIt – Chapter Two It: Chapter Two is an upcoming American supernatural horror film and the sequel to the 2017 film \"\"It\"\". Both parts were adapted from the 1986 novel \"\"It\"\" by Stephen King. The second part is directed by Andy Muschietti and written by Gary Dauberman. Set in 2016, 27 years after the events of 1989 described in the first film, the film stars Bill Skarsgård, who reprises his role as Pennywise. James McAvoy, Jessica Chastain, Jay Ryan, Bill Hader, Isaiah Mustafa, James Ransone, and Andy Bean portray the adult versions of The Losers Club, while Jaeden Lieberher, Sophia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6331882", "chunk_text": "\"It – Chapter Two\"\n2018, it was revealed that Javier Botet would appear in the film in an undisclosed role. Principal photography on the film began on June 19, 2018, at Pinewood Toronto Studios and on locations in and around Port Hope, Oshawa and Toronto, Ontario, and wrapped on October 30, 2018. Warner Bros. Pictures plans to release \"\"It: Chapter Two\"\" in theaters on September 6, 2019. On December 9, 2018, during the CCXP 2018, the first teaser and footage of the film were divulged. It – Chapter Two It: Chapter Two is an upcoming American supernatural horror film and the sequel to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "406307", "chunk_text": "\"It – Chapter Two\"\nwith [Muschietti], so it's being envisioned as two movies.\"\" On July 19, 2017, Muschietti revealed that the plan is to get production underway for the sequel to \"\"It\"\" next spring, adding, \"\"We'll probably have a script for the second part in January [2018]. Ideally, we would start prep in March. Part one is only about the kids. Part two is about these characters 27 years later as adults, with flashbacks to 1989 when they were kids.\"\" On July 21, 2017, Muschietti spoke of looking forward to having a dialogue in the second film that does not exist within the first,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17185896", "chunk_text": "\"It (novel)\"\nof the characters were played by Brandon Crane (Ben), Seth Green (Richie), Ben Heller (Stan), Marlon Taylor (Mike), Emily Perkins (Beverly), Jonathan Brandis (Bill), Adam Faraizl (Eddie), and Jarred Blancard (Henry). The miniseries was directed by Tommy Lee Wallace and scripted by Wallace and Lawrence D. Cohen. The first of a two-part feature film adaptation, \"\"It\"\", was released on September 8, 2017. It is directed by Andy Muschietti, with a screenplay by Chase Palmer, Cary Fukunaga and Gary Dauberman. Instead of a dual narrative, the first film is solely an adaptation of the section that features the characters as children,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "406308", "chunk_text": "\"It – Chapter Two\"\nstating, \"\"... it seems like we're going to do it. It's the second half, it's not a sequel. It's the second half and it's very connected to the first one.\"\" Muschietti confirmed that two cut scenes from the first film will hopefully be included in the second, one of which being the fire at the Black Spot from the book. On September 25, 2017, New Line Cinema announced that the sequel would be released on September 6, 2019, with Gary Dauberman and Jeffrey Jurgensen writing the script. Andy Muschietti was also expected to return to direct the sequel. In September", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17477091", "chunk_text": "\"It (novel)\"\nof children and the adults they later become. The novel won the British Fantasy Award in 1987, and received nominations for the Locus and World Fantasy Awards that same year. \"\"Publishers Weekly\"\" listed \"\"It\"\" as the best-selling book in the United States in 1986. It has been adapted into a 1990 two-part miniseries directed by Tommy Lee Wallace, and into a two-part film duology directed by Andy Muschietti; \"\"It: Chapter One\"\" was released in 2017 and \"\"It: Chapter Two\"\" will be released in 2019. \"\"The novel alternates between two timelines, often mid-chapter. The plot is described here in a linear", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12898844", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nDenmark and the Netherlands on September 7, 2017, and Norway and Finland on September 8, 2017. On March 7, 2017, the alternate title of the film was announced by Stephen King as \"\"Part 1 – The Losers' Club\"\". In addition to the conventional 2D format, \"\"It\"\" was also released across 615 IMAX screens globally, including 389 domestically. The film was released on digital download on December 19, 2017, and was released on 4K, Blu-ray and DVD on January 9, 2018. On January 31, 2016, Muschietti, on his Instagram, posted a sketch that was thought to be the precursor to Pennywise's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19347542", "chunk_text": "\"It (miniseries)\"\nIt (miniseries) It (also known as Stephen King's It) is a 1990 American supernatural thriller horror drama miniseries directed by Tommy Lee Wallace and adapted by Lawrence D. Cohen from Stephen King's 1986 novel of the same name. It is the first of two adaptations of the novel; the second being the 2017 film adaptation and its upcoming 2019 sequel. The story revolves around a predatory shapeshifter which has the ability to transform itself into its prey's worst fears, allowing it to exploit the phobias of its victims. It mostly takes the human form of a sadistic, wisecracking clown called", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2714642", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nthe plan is to get production underway for the sequel to \"\"It\"\" next spring, adding, \"\"We'll probably have a script for the second part in January [2018]. Ideally, we would start prep in March. Part one is only about the kids. Part two is about these characters 30 years later as adults, with flashbacks to 1989 when they were kids.\"\" On July 21, 2017, Muschietti spoke of looking forward to having a dialogue in the second film that does not exist within the first, stating, \"\"... it seems like we're going to do it. It's the second half, it's not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1187548", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nIt (2017 film) It (also known as It: Chapter One) is a 2017 American supernatural horror film directed by Andy Muschietti, based on the 1986 novel of the same name by Stephen King. The screenplay is by Chase Palmer, Cary Fukunaga and Gary Dauberman. The film is set in the summer of 1989 and tells the story of seven children in Derry, Maine, who are terrorized by the eponymous being, only to face their own personal demons in the process. The novel was previously adapted into a 1990 miniseries. The film stars Jaeden Lieberher and Bill Skarsgård as Bill Denbrough", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19795759", "chunk_text": "\"It (character)\"\nthe answer was clowns. King thought of a troll like the one in the children's tale \"\"Three Billy Goats Gruff\"\", who inhabited a sewer system. The character was portrayed in its Pennywise form by Tim Curry in the 1990 television adaptation and in the 2017 film adaptation by Bill Skarsgård, who will reprise the role in \"\"It: Chapter Two\"\", which is scheduled to be released on September 6, 2019. In the novel, It is an eternal entity that can shape shift and change forms. After arriving on Earth, It would sleep for approximately 27 to 30 years at a time,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2714643", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\na sequel. It's the second half and it's very connected to the first one.\"\" Muschietti confirmed that two cut scenes from the film will hopefully be included in the second, one of which being the fire at the Black Spot from the book. On September 25, 2017, New Line Cinema announced that the sequel would be released on September 6, 2019, with Gary Dauberman writing the script. Later in December 2017, \"\"Agent Cody Banks\"\" writer Jeffrey Jurgensen was also listed as a screenwriter. , Jessica Chastain was in negotiations to star as the adult Beverly Marsh. In April 2018, James", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10237353", "chunk_text": "\"It (miniseries)\"\nPrimetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Achievement in Music Composition for a mini-series or a Special (Dramatic Underscore) for his work on the film. It (miniseries) It (also known as Stephen King's It) is a 1990 American supernatural thriller horror drama miniseries directed by Tommy Lee Wallace and adapted by Lawrence D. Cohen from Stephen King's 1986 novel of the same name. It is the first of two adaptations of the novel; the second being the 2017 film adaptation and its upcoming 2019 sequel. The story revolves around a predatory shapeshifter which has the ability to transform itself into its prey's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1187549", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nand Pennywise the Dancing Clown, respectively, with Jeremy Ray Taylor, Sophia Lillis, Finn Wolfhard, Chosen Jacobs, Jack Dylan Grazer, Wyatt Oleff, Nicholas Hamilton, and Jackson Robert Scott in supporting roles. Principal photography began in the Riverdale neighborhood of Toronto on June 27, 2016, and ended on September 21, 2016. Other Ontario locations included Port Hope and Oshawa. \"\"It\"\" premiered in Los Angeles on September 5, 2017, and was theatrically released in the United States by New Line Cinema and Warner Bros. Pictures on September 8, 2017. Upon release, the film set numerous box office records and grossed $700 million worldwide.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12738902", "chunk_text": "It2i2\nat a conference about \"\"new media\"\". The dot com boom was at its peak. More and more computers were going online. In 2002, Robert Llewellyn decided after the successful release of his DVD comedy WomanWizard, to create the mockumentary. He wrote fifteen drafts of the script, and got a professional cameraman to help him in September, 2005. It²i² was shot using a Sony Z1 high definition camera and then edited on three Macintosh computers, and several professional movie making programs. The movie was mostly shot in actors' homes or offices. The DVD also contains bonus material, included in which is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12898852", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nwhich is all the more thrilling.\"\" IndieWire's William Earl reacted positively to the \"\"top-notch\"\" production design of Derry, Maine within the trailer. The trailer was viewed 197 million times in the first 24 hours after it was released, setting a new record as the trailer with the most views in one day (later surpassed by \"\")\"\". In addition to dethroning \"\"The Fate of the Furious\"\" (2017), the trailer numbers surpassed previous records held by \"\"\"\" (2015), \"\"Fifty Shades Darker\"\" (2017), and \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" (2017). On May 7, 2017, a second teaser trailer, this one lasting 137 seconds, was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "406310", "chunk_text": "\"It – Chapter Two\"\nBen Hanscom respectively. In June 2018, Isaiah Mustafa joined the cast to portray the adult version of Mike Hanlon, while Xavier Dolan and Will Beinbrink were also cast as Adrian Mellon and Tom Rogan respectively. Later, Teach Grant was cast to play the adult version of Henry Bowers, previously played by Nicholas Hamilton in the first film, and Jess Weixler also joined the film to play Bill's wife. This also marks the second collaboration between McAvoy, Chastain, Hader, Weixler and Beinbrink after \"\"The Disappearance of Eleanor Rigby\"\". In July 2018, Taylor Frey joined the cast of the film. In September", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12898864", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nand ends the same way, with a slow build ... leading up to a KAAA-WHUMMMMMM!!!! sound effect\"\". Eric Kohn of IndieWire praised the film's visuals but wrote that it \"\"simplifies its appeal with jump scares\"\", and Chris Nashawaty of \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" lauded the child actors but wrote that \"\"the more we see of Pennywise, the less scary he becomes\"\". On February 16, 2016, producer Roy Lee, in an interview with Collider, mentioned a second film, remarking that: \"\"[Dauberman] wrote the most recent draft working with [Muschietti], so it's being envisioned as two movies.\"\" On July 19, 2017, Muschietti revealed that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12898843", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nalive in the imagination of children, he has to keep killing.\"\" While Muschietti acknowledged \"\"It\"\" being a horror film, he felt that it is not simply that, \"\"It's a story of love and friendship and a lot of other beautiful emotions.\"\" The graphic sexual content that was in the novel and Fukunaga's original script was not included in the film. The film's score was composed by British composer, Benjamin Wallfisch. A soundtrack album was released in August 2017. \"\"It\"\" was released in North America on September 8, 2017. In Europe, the film was released in Belgium on September 6, 2017,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12898867", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nMcAvoy and Bill Hader entered negotiations to play the adult Bill Denbrough and Richie Tozier. In May 2018, James Ransone revealed on Twitter that he would play the adult Eddie Kaspbrak. Shortly afterwards, Andy Bean and Jay Ryan had joined the cast to play the adult Stanley Uris and Ben Hanscom respectively. In June 2018, Isaiah Mustafa signed on to play the adult Mike Hanlon. McAvoy revealed on his Instagram account that filming had officially begun on June 19, 2018. It (2017 film) It (also known as It: Chapter One) is a 2017 American supernatural horror film directed by Andy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2714639", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nSeptember release and a horror film, and was the second-biggest debut for an R-rated film behind \"\"Deadpool\"\" ($132.4 million). \"\"Variety\"\" and Deadline both noted that the film's opening weekend could have been even greater if not for Hurricane Irma shutting down nearly 50% of Florida's theaters, a state that typically accounts for 5% of the country's box office grosses. During its first full week, the film made $8.8 million on Monday, $11.4 million on Tuesday, $7.9 million on Wednesday and $7.2 million on Thursday, each setting September records for their respective days. In its second weekend the film grossed $60.1", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17185897", "chunk_text": "\"It (novel)\"\nthough the setting has been updated to the late 1980s. It stars Bill Skarsgård as Pennywise and Jaeden Lieberher as Bill Denbrough. Supporting roles are played by Finn Wolfhard as Richie Tozier, Sophia Lillis as Bevery Marsh, Jack Dylan Grazer as Eddie Kaspbrak, Wyatt Oleff as Stanley Uris, Chosen Jacobs as Mike Hanlon, Jeremy Ray Taylor as Ben Hanscom, Owen Teague as Patrick Hockstetter, Nicholas Hamilton as Henry Bowers, Logan Thompson as Vic Criss and Jake Sim as Belch Huggins. The second film, yet to be produced, will adapt the \"\"adult\"\" section and update the setting to the 2010s. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12898815", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nthat Cary Fukunaga was boarding the project as director, and would co-write the script with Chase Palmer. The producers were now Roy Lee of Vertigo Entertainment, Dan Lin of Lin Pictures, and Seth Grahame-Smith and David Katzenberg of KatzSmith Productions. On May 21, 2014, Warner Bros. was announced to have moved the film to its New Line Cinema division, with overseer duties conducting by New Line's Walter Hamada and Dave Neustadter, along with Vice President of Production at Warner Bros., Niija Kuykendall. On December 5, 2014, in an interview with \"\"Vulture\"\", Dan Lin announced that the first film would be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19347569", "chunk_text": "\"It (miniseries)\"\nwas scary on sight. What they assembled on set was very, very different. Not chunky at all, very lean and mean. In a panel at Fan Expo Canada in 2017, Tim Curry remarked of the spider, \"\"It was... not very scary. Or convincing.\"\" \"\"It\"\" originally aired on ABC in 1990 on the nights of November 18 and November 20. Part 1 was the fifth highest rated program of the week with an 18.5/29 rating/share, and being watched in 17.5 million households. Part 2 was the second highest rated program of the week with a 20.6/33 rating/share, and watched in 19.2", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12898846", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\npositively, stating the image to be \"\"... an appropriately macabre look that doesn't deviate too radically from the aesthetic of Curry's Pennywise ... dare I say, a more creepily seductive look to Skarsgard's version that was absent from Curry's interpretation.\"\" On July 30, 2016, Muschietti released three storyboard images, up until the date of August 22, 2016, with the first featuring Bill Denbrough making a paper boat for his younger brother George. The second storyboard features Bill leading his bike, nicknamed Silver, across a lawn with the included phrase: \"\"He thrusts his fists against the posts but still insists he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19347545", "chunk_text": "\"It (miniseries)\"\nabandon numerous subplots by virtue of the novel's length and the network's time-slot restrictions. Production on \"\"It\"\" began in early 1990, and the series was filmed over a period of three months in New Westminster, British Columbia in mid-1990. \"\"It\"\" aired on ABC over two nights on November 18 and 20, 1990, attracting 30 million viewers in its premiere. Critics praised Tim Curry's performance as Pennywise. For his work on the miniseries, Richard Bellis received a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Achievement in Music Composition for a mini-series or a Special (Dramatic Underscore). In Derry, Maine, in 1960, Georgie Denbrough", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6542350", "chunk_text": "\"Back to the Future Part II\"\nactors in a role. \"\"Back to the Future Part II\"\" was also a ground-breaking project for effects studio Industrial Light & Magic (ILM): In addition to digital compositing, ILM used the VistaGlide motion control camera system, which allowed an actor to portray multiple characters simultaneously on-screen without sacrificing camera movement. \"\"Back to the Future Part II\"\" was released by Universal Pictures on November 22, 1989. The film received mixed reviews from critics and grossed over $331 million worldwide, making it the third-highest-grossing film of 1989. On October 26, 1985, Dr. Emmett Brown arrives in the DeLorean time machine and persuades", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2714612", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nTourism Centre became the City of Derry office, and numerous shops had their frontage changed. A statue of Paul Bunyan was erected in Memorial Park, US flags hung in place of Canadian flags downtown, and Port Hope Capitol Theatre had appeared to be showing \"\"Batman\"\" and \"\"Lethal Weapon 2\"\", confirming the film's 1989 setting. On July 11, 2016, preliminary shooting took place in Port Hope Town Hall, Memorial Park cenotaph, Queen Street, between Walton and Robertson streets and the Capitol Theatre. On July 12, 2016, filming occurred between the intersection of Mill and Walton street, Walton Street bridge, and in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12898854", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nfears. It's a smart move, because if a sequel does come along, it's going to be looking at the kids as adults, so that aspect will be lost.\"\" Digital Spy's Jack Tomlin spoke of the clarity in that director Muschietti's film will carry on down the \"\"creepy as hell\"\" vibe he gave the first trailer. On July 13, 2017, \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" released a collection of new images and concept art such as Pennywise's lair to promote \"\"It\"\", including commentary from director Andrés Muschietti. On July 19, 2017, New Line Cinema showcased its promotion of \"\"It\"\", by releasing three reels of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2714595", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nrelease of September 8, 2017. On October 30, 2015, Muschietti was interviewed by \"\"Variety\"\" wherein he spoke about his vision of \"\"It\"\", while mentioning Poulter was still in the mix for the role of Pennywise: \"\"[Poulter] would be a great option. For me he is at the top of my list . ... \"\" He confirmed that next summer is the time for them to start shooting. It was decided to shoot \"\"It\"\" during the summer months to give the filmmakers time to work with the children who have the main roles in the first part of the film. Muschietti", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19347543", "chunk_text": "\"It (miniseries)\"\nPennywise. The protagonists are The Lucky Seven, or The Losers Club, a group of outcast kids who discover Pennywise and vow to destroy him by any means necessary. The series takes place over two different time periods, the first when the Losers first confront Pennywise as children in 1960, and the second when they return as adults in 1990 to defeat him a second time after he resurfaces. \"\"It\"\" features an ensemble cast, starring Richard Thomas, John Ritter, Annette O'Toole, Harry Anderson, Dennis Christopher, Tim Reid and Richard Masur as the seven members of the Losers Club, and Tim Curry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20425581", "chunk_text": "\"Greg Heffley\"\nChloë Grace Moretz as a new character named Angie, and Connor and Owen Fielding as Manny. The second film \"\"\"\" was released by 20th Century Fox on March 25, 2011 worldwide and March 17 in Singapore with the old cast reprising as their roles. The film was directed by David Bowers and it follows Greg and Rodrick's mother Susan's misguided attempts to force the two brothers to bond with each other through a system called \"\"Mom Bucks\"\". It received mixed reviews from critics though it has , mostly at the 33rd Young Artist Awards. The third film in the franchise", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17477074", "chunk_text": "\"It (1927 film)\"\nIt (1927 film) \"\"It\"\" is a 1927 silent romantic comedy film that tells the story of a shop girl who sets her sights on the handsome, wealthy boss of the department store where she works. It is based on a novella by Elinor Glyn that was originally serialized in \"\"Cosmopolitan\"\" magazine. This film turned actress Clara Bow into a major star, and led people to label her the \"\"It girl\"\". The film had its world premiere in Los Angeles on January 14, 1927, followed by a New York showing on February 5, 1927. \"\"\"\"It\"\"\"\" was released to the general public", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9155647", "chunk_text": "\"James Cameron\"\nthe most expensive films of its era, with a budget of about $100 million. The biggest challenge of the movie was the special effects used in creating the T-1000. Nevertheless, the film was finished on time and released to theaters on July 3, 1991. \"\"Terminator 2\"\", or \"\"T2\"\", as it was abbreviated, broke box-office records (including the opening weekend record for an R-rated film), earning over $200 million in the United States and Canada, and over $300 million in other territories, and became the highest-grossing film of that year. It won four Academy Awards: Best Makeup, Best Sound Mixing, Best", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12898845", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nfinal look, to celebrate pre-production getting underway. Beginning from July 11, 2016, Muschietti posted a variety of missing person posters of children within the Derry area, including Betty Ripsom, Richie Tozier, Paul Greenberg, Jonathan Chan, and Tania McGowan. The first official image for \"\"It\"\" debuted on July 13, 2016, introducing the first look at Skarsgård's Pennywise The Dancing Clown, as well as an interview with Skarsgård, conducted by Anthony Breznican. Thomas Freeman of \"\"Maxim\"\" wrote \"\"... Skarsgard in full, terrifying costume, ... he's clearly got what it takes to fill King's most macabre, nightmare-inducing creation.\"\" Chris Eggertsen of HitFix responded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4172625", "chunk_text": "\"It – Chapter Two\"\n2017, Muschietti and his sister mentioned that Jessica Chastain would be their top choice to play the adult version of Beverly Marsh. In November 2017, Chastain herself expressed interest in the project. Finally, in February 2018, Chastain officially joined the cast to portray the character, making the film her second collaboration with Muschietti after \"\"Mama\"\". In April 2018, Bill Hader and James McAvoy joined the cast to play adult versions of Richie Tozier and Bill Denbrough, respectively. In May 2018, James Ransone, Andy Bean, and Jay Ryan joined the cast to portray adult versions of Eddie Kaspbrak, Stanley Uris, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10237351", "chunk_text": "\"It (miniseries)\"\nit into four hours, with commercials. But the series really surprised me by how good it was. It's a really ambitious adaptation of a really long book.\"\" \"\"It\"\" was released on VHS and Laserdisc in 1991. The original VHS release was on two cassette tapes, one for each part. The VHS and Laserdisc releases feature \"\"It\"\" as originally aired. In 1998, \"\"It\"\" was re-released on VHS, this time, on one cassette tape (in EP format). The film was later released on DVD in 2002 and on Blu-ray on October 4, 2016. Both the DVD and the Blu-ray feature an edited", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16204462", "chunk_text": "\"The Hangover Part II\"\ntakes no chances and opts for a safe, subdued pre-wedding brunch. Things do not go as planned, resulting in another bad hangover with no memories of the previous night. Development began in April 2009, two months before \"\"The Hangover\"\" was released. The principal actors were cast in March 2010 to reprise their roles from the first film. Production began in October 2010, in Ontario, California, before moving on location in Thailand. The film was released on May 26, 2011 and became the highest-grossing R-rated comedy during its theatrical run. A third and final installment, \"\"The Hangover Part III\"\", was released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19795767", "chunk_text": "\"It (character)\"\nfeaturing a cast-bronze of two children and a plaque underneath, dedicated to the victims of the 1985 flood and of It. The plaque has been vandalized with graffiti reading, \"\"PENNYWISE LIVES\"\". In the 1990 miniseries, Pennywise is portrayed by English actor Tim Curry, whose performance was praised by critics. Two original guises are made for the miniseries: Mrs. Kersh (played by Florence Paterson), and Captain Hanscom (played by Steve Makaj). In the 2017 film adaptation and its upcoming 2019 sequel It Chapter Two, Pennywise is portrayed by Swedish actor Bill Skarsgård. Will Poulter was originally cast as Pennywise, with Curry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18077715", "chunk_text": "\"Blair Witch\"\nAfter premiering at the 1999 Sundance Film Festival, the film was released on 30 July 1999 after months of publicity during a controversial promotional campaign. The film went on to be a massive commercial success, and a sequel, \"\"\"\", was released on October 27, 2000. A second official sequel, \"\"Blair Witch\"\", was released on September 16, 2016. Series of video games, books, novels and comic books were released to accompany the films. The backstory for the movie is a faux legend fabricated by Sánchez and Myrick which is detailed in \"\"The Curse of the Blair Witch\"\", a mockumentary broadcast on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4454843", "chunk_text": "\"It Lives Again\"\nIt Lives Again It Lives Again (a.k.a. It's Alive II) is a 1978 American horror film written, produced and directed by Larry Cohen. It is the sequel to the 1974 film \"\"It's Alive\"\". The film stars Frederic Forrest, Kathleen Lloyd, John P. Ryan, John Marley, Andrew Duggan and Eddie Constantine. The film was released by Warner Bros. on May 10, 1978. This film continues with Frank Davis (John P. Ryan), still reeling from the death of his child and the part he played in it, seeing his chance to atone by assisting other would-be parents of mutant children. He tries", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "70401", "chunk_text": "\"The Conjuring 2\"\nwho are experiencing poltergeist activity at their Enfield council house in 1977 which later became referred to as the Enfield Poltergeist. \"\"The Conjuring 2\"\" was released in the United States on June 10, 2016. The film received positive reviews from critics and grossed over $320 million worldwide. A spin-off prequel, \"\"The Nun\"\", was released on September 7, 2018, and a third \"\"Conjuring\"\" film is in development. In 1976, paranormal investigators Ed and Lorraine Warren document the Amityville murders at the Amityville house, to determine if a demonic presence was truly responsible for Ronald DeFeo Jr. killing his entire family on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5663124", "chunk_text": "\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles II: The Secret of the Ooze\"\nfilm, as part of an attempt to tone down the violence of the previous installment. The film was released on March 22, 1991, and received mixed reviews from critics who felt it departed from the much darker tone of the original 1990 film, and was more light-hearted. The film was financially successful, and became the 13th highest-grossing film domestically in the year of its release. The film is a tribute to Muppets creator Jim Henson, who died less than a year before this film's release. Henson's Creature Shop created the animatronic creature costumes for the film, like the first film.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2629521", "chunk_text": "\"Sharknado 2: The Second One\"\nSharknado 2: The Second One Sharknado 2: The Second One is a 2014 American made-for-television sci-fi comedy disaster film and a sequel to the 2013 television film \"\"Sharknado\"\" and the second installment in the \"\"Sharknado film series\"\". It was directed by Anthony C. Ferrante, with Ian Ziering and Tara Reid reprising their roles from the first film. The film premiered on July 30, 2014, and was the highest-premiering film on the Syfy Channel. Fin Shepard, and his ex-wife, April Wexler, are traveling to New York City to promote \"\"How to Survive a Sharknado and Other Unnatural Disasters\"\", a book April", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11648026", "chunk_text": "\"Second Act (film)\"\nSecond Act (film) Second Act is a 2018 American romantic comedy film directed by Peter Segal and written by Elaine Goldsmith-Thomas and Justin Zackham. It stars Jennifer Lopez, Vanessa Hudgens, Leah Remini, Annaleigh Ashford, Dan Bucatinsky, Freddie Stroma, Milo Ventimiglia, Treat Williams and Larry Miller, and follows an under-achieving 40-year-old mother who gets a second chance at a corporate career after creating a fake resume. It is scheduled to be released in the United States on December 21, 2018. A woman stuck in a low-paying job gets a chance to fulfill her career ambitions when a private finance firm is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15584537", "chunk_text": "\"Terminator 2: Judgment Day\"\nthe first film to earn more than $300 million internationally, a milestone not repeated until the release of \"\"Jurassic Park\"\" in 1993. The film is ranked 110 in box office earnings of all time in the U.S. and Canada, and 84 worldwide. The original \"\"Terminator\"\" grossed $38 million in the U.S. in its theatrical run, with \"\"Terminator 2\"\" achieving 434 percent increase in box office revenue. The film sold an estimated 48,656,400 tickets in North America. On August 29, 2016 (August 29, 1997, being the date when Skynet becomes self-aware in the films), it was announced that the film would", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12898855", "chunk_text": "\"It (2017 film)\"\nfootage at San Diego Comic-Con, before an advanced screening of \"\"\"\" (2017). \"\"It\"\" has grossed $327.5 million in the United States and Canada, and $372.9 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $700.4 million, against a production budget of $35 million. \"\"Deadline Hollywood\"\" calculated the net profit of the film to be $293.7 million, when factoring together all expenses and revenues, making it the 5th most profitable release of 2017 and highest for any horror all-time. In North America, initial opening weekend projections had the film grossing $50–60 million. By the week of its release, estimates were raised", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10533207", "chunk_text": "\"Cloverfield (franchise)\"\ncritics and grossed over $170 million at the box office against a $25 million budget. \"\"Cloverfield\"\" was first publicized with a two-minute teaser trailer that did not advertise the film's title, only its release date: \"\"01·18·08\"\"; January 18, 2008. Elements of the viral marketing campaign included MySpace pages created for fictional characters, unusually intense secrecy over the film's plot, and websites created for fictional companies alluded to in the film. The second film, released in 2016, is a psychological horror-thriller film directed by Dan Trachtenberg, produced by Abrams and Lindsey Weber, and written by Josh Campbell, Matt Stuecken and Damien", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3332	suffix applied to the end of the name of enzymes?	n/a	[ "-ase" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8420991", "chunk_text": "Enzyme\nin 1965. This high-resolution structure of lysozyme marked the beginning of the field of structural biology and the effort to understand how enzymes work at an atomic level of detail. An enzyme's name is often derived from its substrate or the chemical reaction it catalyzes, with the word ending in \"\"-ase\"\". Examples are lactase, alcohol dehydrogenase and DNA polymerase. Different enzymes that catalyze the same chemical reaction are called isozymes. The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology have developed a nomenclature for enzymes, the EC numbers; each enzyme is described by a sequence of four numbers preceded by \"\"EC\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17493104", "chunk_text": "\"Homing endonuclease\"\nthe endonuclease. Thus, the gene is copied to the allele that initially did not have it and it is propagated through successive generations. This process is called \"\"homing\"\". Homing endonucleases are always indicated with a prefix that identifies their genomic origin, followed by a hyphen: \"\"I-\"\" for homing endonucleases encoded within an intron, \"\"PI-\"\" (for \"\"protein insert\"\") for those encoded within an intein. Some authors have proposed using the prefix \"\"F-\"\" (\"\"freestanding\"\") for viral enzymes and other natural enzymes not encoded by introns nor inteins, and \"\"H-\"\" (\"\"hybrid\"\") for enzymes synthesized in a laboratory. Next, a capital letter is derived", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15894535", "chunk_text": "-ose\n-ose The suffix -ose ( or ) is used in biochemistry to form the names of sugars. This Latin suffix means \"\"full of\"\", \"\"abounding in\"\", \"\"given to\"\", or \"\"like\"\". Numerous systems exist to name specific sugars more descriptively. Monosaccharides, the simplest sugars, may be named according to the number of carbon atoms in each molecule of the sugar: pentose is a five-carbon monosaccharide, and hexose is a six-carbon monosaccharide. Aldehyde monosaccharides may be called aldoses; ketone monosaccharides may be called ketoses. Larger sugars such as disaccharides and polysaccharides can be named to reflect their qualities. Lactose, a disaccharide found in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15894613", "chunk_text": "-ine\nit appears in and the accent of the speaker. In a few words (for example, \"\"quinine\"\" and \"\"strychnine\"\"), the sound is normal in some accents. \"\"Gasoline\"\" ends with ; \"\"glycerine\"\" more often with than with . The suffix \"\"-in\"\" () is etymologically related and overlaps in usage with \"\"-ine\"\". Many proteins and lipids have names ending with \"\"-in\"\": for example, the enzymes pepsin and trypsin, the hormones insulin and gastrin, and the lipids stearin (stearine) and olein. -ine -ine is a suffix used in chemistry to denote two kinds of substance. The first is a chemically basic and alkaloidal substance.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11338187", "chunk_text": "Ligase\nreplication. The common names of ligases often include the word \"\"ligase\"\", such as DNA ligase, an enzyme commonly used in molecular biology laboratories to join together DNA fragments. Other common names for ligases include the word \"\"synthetase\"\", because they are used to synthesize new molecules. Biochemical nomenclature has sometimes distinguished synthetases from synthases and sometimes treated the words as synonyms. Under one definition, synthases \"\"do not\"\" use energy from nucleoside triphosphates (such as ATP, GTP, CTP, TTP, and UTP), whereas synthetases \"\"do\"\" use nucleoside triphosphates. It is also said that a synthase is a lyase (a lyase is an enzyme", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15894536", "chunk_text": "-ose\nmilk, gets its name from the Latin word for milk combined with the sugar suffix; its name means \"\"milk sugar\"\". The polysaccharide that makes up plant starch is named amylose, or \"\"starch sugar\"\"; see amyl. There are these theories about the origin of the \"\"-ose\"\" suffix:- -ose The suffix -ose ( or ) is used in biochemistry to form the names of sugars. This Latin suffix means \"\"full of\"\", \"\"abounding in\"\", \"\"given to\"\", or \"\"like\"\". Numerous systems exist to name specific sugars more descriptively. Monosaccharides, the simplest sugars, may be named according to the number of carbon atoms in each", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10645701", "chunk_text": "\"Suffix (name)\"\nSuffix (name) A name suffix, in the Western English-language naming tradition, follows a person's full name and provides additional information about the person. Post-nominal letters indicate that the individual holds a position, educational degree, accreditation, office, or honor (e.g. \"\"PhD\"\", \"\"CCNA\"\", \"\"OBE\"\"). Other examples include generational designations like \"\"Sr.\"\" and \"\"Jr.\"\" (or often \"\"Snr\"\" and \"\"Jnr\"\" in British English) and \"\"III\"\", and legal ones such as \"\"Estate\"\" and (French) \"\"\"\". Academic suffixes indicate the degree earned at a college or university. These include the bachelor's degree (A.B, B.A., B.A., Hons, B.S., B.E., B.F.A., B.Tech., L.L.B, B.Sc., etc.), the master's degree", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11794757", "chunk_text": "Enzyme\nwhich stands for \"\"Enzyme Commission\"\". The first number broadly classifies the enzyme based on its mechanism. The top-level classification is: These sections are subdivided by other features such as the substrate, products, and chemical mechanism. An enzyme is fully specified by four numerical designations. For example, hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) is a transferase (EC 2) that adds a phosphate group (EC 2.7) to a hexose sugar, a molecule containing an alcohol group (EC 2.7.1). Enzymes are generally globular proteins, acting alone or in larger complexes. The sequence of the amino acids specifies the structure which in turn determines the catalytic activity", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18559822", "chunk_text": "Acronym\nsome proteins that contain the domain—NAIP (NLR family apoptosis inhibitor protein), C2TA (major histocompatibility complex class II transcription activator), HET-E (incompatibility locus protein from \"\"Podospora anserine\"\"), and TP1 (telomerase-associated protein)—but is not syntactically reducible to them. The name is thus itself more symbol than acronym, and its expansion cannot replace it while preserving its function in natural syntax as a name within a clause clearly parsable by human readers or listeners. A special type of macronym, the recursive acronym, has letters whose expansion refers back to the macronym itself. One of the earliest examples appears in \"\"The Hacker's Dictionary\"\" as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10109852", "chunk_text": "\"Enzyme Commission number\"\nor NISE). By contrast, UniProt identifiers uniquely specify a protein by its amino acid sequence. Every enzyme code consists of the letters \"\"EC\"\" followed by four numbers separated by periods. Those numbers represent a progressively finer classification of the enzyme. Preliminary EC numbers exist and have an 'n' as part of the fourth (serial) digit (e.g. EC 3.5.1.n3). For example, the tripeptide aminopeptidases have the code \"\"EC 3.4.11.4\"\", whose components indicate the following groups of enzymes: Similarity between enzymatic reactions (EC) can be calculated by using bond changes, reaction centres or substructure metrics (EC-BLAST). The enzyme nomenclature scheme was developed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15092880", "chunk_text": "\"Cytochrome P450\"\n+ O + NADPH + H → ROH + HO + NADP Genes encoding CYP enzymes, and the enzymes themselves, are designated with the root symbol CYP for the superfamily, followed by a number indicating the gene family, a capital letter indicating the subfamily, and another numeral for the individual gene. The convention is to \"\"italicise\"\" the name when referring to the gene. For example, \"\"CYP2E1\"\" is the gene that encodes the enzyme CYP2E1—one of the enzymes involved in paracetamol (acetaminophen) metabolism. The CYP nomenclature is the official naming convention, although occasionally CYP450 or CYP is used synonymously. However, some", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "28980", "chunk_text": "Endonuclease\nused notation for restriction endonucleases is of the form \"\"\"\"vwxyz\"\"\"\", where \"\"\"\"vwx\"\"\"\" names the life form (bacteria) where this restriction endonuclease may be found, \"\"\"\"y\"\"\"\" names the strain (and is optional), and \"\"\"\"z\"\"\"\" (in Roman numerals) indicates different restriction endonucleases in the same life form (bacteria). Thus for example, \"\"EcoRI\"\" means that the restriction endonuclease is found in \"\"Escherichia coli\"\" (\"\"Eco\"\"); strain RY13 (\"\"R\"\"), restriction endonuclease number \"\"I\"\". Another example: \"\"HaeII\"\" and \"\"HaeIII\"\" refer to bacterium \"\"Haemophilus aegyptius\"\", number II and number III, respectively. The restriction enzymes used in molecular biology usually recognize short target sequences of about 4 –", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11338189", "chunk_text": "Ligase\nLigases can be further classified into six subclasses: Some ligases associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or anchored through a single transmembrane helix, for example certain ubiquitin ligase related proteins. The word \"\"ligase\"\" uses combining forms of \"\"lig-\"\" (from the Latin verb \"\"ligāre\"\", \"\"to bind\"\" or \"\"to tie together\"\") + \"\"-ase\"\" (denoting an enzyme), yielding \"\"binding enzyme\"\". Ligase In biochemistry, a ligase is an enzyme that can catalyze the joining of two large molecules by forming a new chemical bond, usually with accompanying hydrolysis of a small pendant chemical group on one of the larger molecules or the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2755204", "chunk_text": "\"Nicking enzyme\"\nNicking enzyme A nicking enzyme (or nicking endonuclease) is an enzyme that cuts one strand of a double-stranded DNA at a specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as a restriction site. Such enzymes hydrolyse (cut) only one strand of the DNA duplex, to produce DNA molecules that are “nicked”, rather than cleaved. They can be used for strand-displacement amplification, Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction, exonucleotyic degradation, the creation of small gaps, or nick translation. The latter process has been successfully used to incorporate both radioactively labelled nucleotides and fluorescent nucleotides allowing specific regions on a double stranded DNA to be studied. Over", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13485653", "chunk_text": "Oxyacid\nacids whose names end to the suffix \"\"-ous\"\". On the other hand, the suffix \"\"-ate\"\" occurs in names of anions and salts derived from acids whose names end to the suffix \"\"-ic\"\". Prefixes \"\"hypo-\"\" and \"\"per-\"\" occur in the name of anions and salts; for example the ion is called \"\"perchlorate\"\". In a few cases, the prefixes \"\"ortho-\"\" and \"\"para-\"\" occur in names of some oxyacids and their derivative anions. In such cases, the \"\"para-\"\" acid is what can be thought as remaining of the \"\"ortho-\"\" acid if a water molecule is separated from the \"\"ortho-\"\" acid molecule. For example,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11670523", "chunk_text": "\"Nicking enzyme\"\n200 nicking enzymes have been studied, and 13 of these are available commercially and are routinely used for research and in commercial products. Nicking enzyme A nicking enzyme (or nicking endonuclease) is an enzyme that cuts one strand of a double-stranded DNA at a specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as a restriction site. Such enzymes hydrolyse (cut) only one strand of the DNA duplex, to produce DNA molecules that are “nicked”, rather than cleaved. They can be used for strand-displacement amplification, Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction, exonucleotyic degradation, the creation of small gaps, or nick translation. The latter process has been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3140619", "chunk_text": "-onym\n-onym The suffix -onym, in English and other languages, means \"\"word, name\"\", and words ending in \"\"-onym\"\" refer to a specified kind of name or word, most of which are classical compounds. For example, an acronym is a word formed from the initial letter or letters of each of the successive parts or major parts of a compound term (as radar). The use of \"\"-onym\"\" words provides a means of classifying, often to a fine degree of resolution, sets of nouns with common attributes. In some words, the \"\"-onym\"\" form has been modified by replacing (or dropping) the \"\"o\"\". In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "546344", "chunk_text": "Deoxyribonuclease\nDeoxyribonuclease A deoxyribonuclease (DNase, for short) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of phosphodiester linkages in the DNA backbone, thus degrading DNA. Deoxyribonucleases are one type of nuclease, a generic term for enzymes capable of hydrolyzing phosphodiester bonds that link nucleotides. A wide variety of deoxyribonucleases are known, which differ in their substrate specificities, chemical mechanisms, and biological functions. Some DNases cut, or \"\"cleave\"\", only residues at the ends of DNA molecules (exodeoxyribonucleases, a type of exonuclease). Others cleave anywhere along the chain (endodeoxyribonucleases, a subset of endonucleases). Some are fairly indiscriminate about the DNA sequence at which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5529665", "chunk_text": "Protein\nin processes such as DNA replication, DNA repair, and transcription. Some enzymes act on other proteins to add or remove chemical groups in a process known as posttranslational modification. About 4,000 reactions are known to be catalysed by enzymes. The rate acceleration conferred by enzymatic catalysis is often enormous—as much as 10-fold increase in rate over the uncatalysed reaction in the case of orotate decarboxylase (78 million years without the enzyme, 18 milliseconds with the enzyme). The molecules bound and acted upon by enzymes are called substrates. Although enzymes can consist of hundreds of amino acids, it is usually only", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5657670", "chunk_text": "Exoribonuclease\nExoribonuclease An exoribonuclease is an exonuclease ribonuclease, which are enzymes that degrade RNA by removing terminal nucleotides from either the 5' end or the 3' end of the RNA molecule. Enzymes that remove nucleotides from the 5' end are called \"\"5'-3' exoribonucleases\"\", and enzymes that remove nucleotides from the 3' end are called \"\"3'-5' exoribonucleases\"\". Exoribonucleases can use either water to cleave the nucleotide-nucleotide bond (which is called hydrolytic activity) or inorganic phosphate (which is called phosphorolytic activity). Hydrolytic exoribonucleases are classified under EC number 3.1 and phosphorolytic exoribonucleases under EC number 2.7.7. As the phosphorolytic enzymes use inorganic phosphate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9864003", "chunk_text": "\"Suffix (name)\"\nterms: Estate, Deceased, Orphan, Widow, \"\"\"\" (French), etc. Generational suffixes are used to distinguish persons who share the same name within a family. A generational suffix can be used informally (for disambiguation purposes, or as nicknames) and is often incorporated in legal documents. In the United States the most common name suffixes are senior and junior, which are written with a capital first letter (\"\"Sr.\"\" and \"\"Jr.\"\") with or without an interceding comma. In Britain these are more rare, but when they are used the abbreviations are \"\"Snr\"\" and \"\"Jnr\"\", respectively. The term Jr. and II can both be correctly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10109851", "chunk_text": "\"Enzyme Commission number\"\nEnzyme Commission number The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the respective enzyme. Strictly speaking, EC numbers do not specify enzymes, but enzyme-catalyzed reactions. If different enzymes (for instance from different organisms) catalyze the same reaction, then they receive the same EC number. Furthermore, through convergent evolution, completely different protein folds can catalyze an identical reaction and therefore would be assigned an identical EC number (these are called non-homologous isofunctional enzymes,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4401199", "chunk_text": "Omics\nsaturated mutant collections. The suffix \"\"-ome\"\" as used in molecular biology refers to a \"\"totality\"\" of some sort; it is an example of a \"\"neo-suffix\"\" formed by abstraction from various Greek terms in , a sequence that does not form an identifiable suffix in Greek. The \"\"Oxford English Dictionary\"\" (\"\"OED\"\") distinguishes three different fields of application for the \"\"-ome\"\" suffix: The \"\"-ome\"\" suffix originated as a variant of \"\"-oma\"\", and became productive in the last quarter of the 19th century. It originally appeared in terms like \"\"sclerome\"\" or \"\"rhizome\"\". All of these terms derive from Greek words in , a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18603910", "chunk_text": "Lyase\nLyase In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an \"\"elimination\"\" reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a \"\"substitution\"\" reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. The reverse reaction is also possible (called a \"\"Michael addition\"\"). For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase: Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they require only one substrate for the reaction in one direction, but two substrates for the reverse reaction. Systematic names are formed as \"\"\"\"substrate group-lyase\"\".\"\" Common names include decarboxylase, dehydratase, aldolase,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11794747", "chunk_text": "Enzyme\nEnzyme Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts. Enzymes accelerate chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. Almost all metabolic processes in the cell need enzyme catalysis in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life. Metabolic pathways depend upon enzymes to catalyze individual steps. The study of enzymes is called \"\"enzymology\"\" and a new field of pseudoenzyme analysis has recently grown up, recognising that during evolution, some enzymes have lost the ability to carry out biological catalysis, which is often reflected in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11338186", "chunk_text": "Ligase\nLigase In biochemistry, a ligase is an enzyme that can catalyze the joining of two large molecules by forming a new chemical bond, usually with accompanying hydrolysis of a small pendant chemical group on one of the larger molecules or the enzyme catalyzing the linking together of two compounds, e.g., enzymes that catalyze joining of C-O, C-S, C-N, etc. In general, a ligase catalyzes the following reaction: or sometimes where the lowercase letters can signify the small, dependent groups. Ligase can join two complementary fragments of nucleic acid and repair single stranded breaks that arise in double stranded DNA during", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12091798", "chunk_text": "\"Monosaccharide nomenclature\"\none of which is a carbonyl group, all the others bearing a hydrogen -H and a hydroxyl -OH each, with one extra hydrogen at either end. The carbons of the chain are conventionally numbered from 1 to \"\"n\"\", starting from the end which is closest to the carbonyl. If the carbonyl is at the very beginning of the chain (carbon 1), the monosaccharide is said to be an aldose, otherwise it is a ketose. These names can be combined with the chain length prefix, as in aldohexose or ketopentose. Most ketoses found in nature have the carbonyl in position 2;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9152117", "chunk_text": "Endonuclease\nEndonuclease Endonucleases are enzymes that cleave the phosphodiester bond within a polynucleotide chain. Some, such as deoxyribonuclease I, cut DNA relatively nonspecifically (without regard to sequence), while many, typically called restriction endonucleases or restriction enzymes, cleave only at very specific nucleotide sequences. Endonucleases differ from exonucleases, which cleave the ends of recognition sequences instead of the middle (endo) portion. Some enzymes, however, are not limited to either nuclease function, displaying qualities that are both endo- and exo-like. Evidence suggests that endonuclease activity experiences a lag compared to exonuclease activity. Restriction enzymes are endonucleases from eubacteria and archaea that recognize a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19279359", "chunk_text": "\"Gene nomenclature\"\n188.\"\" This corollary rule (which forms an adjunct to the spell-everything-out rule) often also follows the \"\"abbreviation-leading\"\" style of expansion that is becoming more prevalent in recent years. Traditionally, the abbreviation always followed the fully expanded form in parentheses at first use. This is still the general rule. But for certain classes of abbreviations or acronyms (such as clinical trial acronyms [e.g., \"\"ECOG\"\"<nowiki>]</nowiki> or standardized polychemotherapy regimens [e.g., \"\"CHOP\"\"<nowiki>]</nowiki>), this pattern may be reversed, because the short form is more widely used and the expansion is merely parenthetical to the discussion at hand. The same is true of gene/protein symbols.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20160856", "chunk_text": "N-terminus\nN-terminus The N-terminus (also known as the amino-terminus, NH-terminus, N-terminal end or amine-terminus) is the start of a protein or polypeptide referring to the free amine group (-NH) located at the end of a polypeptide. Normally the amine group is bonded to another carboxylic group in a protein to make it a chain, but since the end of a protein has only 1 out of 2 areas chained, the free amine group is referred to the N-terminus. By convention, peptide sequences are written N-terminus to C-terminus, left to right in LTR languages. This correlates the translation direction to the text", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3815350", "chunk_text": "\"Enzyme inhibitor\"\nby including a delta \"\"V\"\" term. or This term can then define the residual enzymatic activity present when the inhibitor is interacting with individual enzymes in the population. However the inclusion of this term has the added value of allowing for the possibility of activation if the secondary \"\"V\"\" term turns out to be higher than the initial term. To account for the possibly of activation as well the notation can then be rewritten replacing the inhibitor \"\"I\"\" with a modifier term denoted here as \"\"X\"\". While this terminology results in a simplified way of dealing with kinetic effects relating", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8952821", "chunk_text": "Suffix\nSuffix In linguistics, a suffix (sometimes termed postfix) is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word. Common examples are case endings, which indicate the grammatical case of nouns or adjectives, and verb endings, which form the conjugation of verbs. Particularly in the study of Semitic languages, suffixes are called afformatives, as they can alter the form of the words. In Indo-European studies, a distinction is made between suffixes and endings (see Proto-Indo-European root). Suffixes can carry grammatical information or lexical information. An \"\"inflectional suffix\"\" is sometimes called a desinence or a grammatical suffix or ending. Inflection", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3481188", "chunk_text": "\"Classical compound\"\nthrough hypnosis). When a form stands alone as a present-day word, it is usually a telescopic abbreviation: \"\"bio\"\" biography, \"\"chemo\"\" chemotherapy, \"\"hydro\"\" hydroelectricity, \"\"metro\"\" metropolitan. Some telescoped forms can be shorter than the original classical compounds: \"\"gynie\"\" is shorter than \"\"gyneco-\"\" and stands for both \"\"gynecology\"\" and \"\"gynecologist\"\"; \"\"anthro\"\" is shorter than \"\"anthropo-\"\" and stands for \"\"anthropology\"\". Suffixes include: \"\"-ectomy\"\" cutting out, \"\"-graphy\"\" writing, description, \"\"-kinesis\"\" motion, \"\"-logy\"\" study, \"\"-mancy\"\" divination, \"\"-onym\"\" name, \"\"-phagy\"\" eating, \"\"-phony\"\" sound, \"\"-therapy\"\" healing, \"\"-tomy\"\" cutting. They are generally listed in dictionaries without the interfixed vowel, which appears however in such casual phrases as ‘ologies", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19279354", "chunk_text": "\"Gene nomenclature\"\nall letters are in lowercase (\"\"shh\"\"). Protein designations are the same as the gene symbol, are not italicised; the first letter is in uppercase and the remaining letters are in lowercase (Shh). Gene symbols are italicised, with all letters in lowercase (\"\"shh\"\"). Protein designations are the same as the gene symbol, but are not italicised; the first letter is in uppercase and the remaining letters are in lowercase (Shh). A nearly universal rule in copyediting of articles for medical journals and other health science publications is that abbreviations and acronyms must be expanded at first use, to provide a glossing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6837182", "chunk_text": "\"Activation energy\"\nthe transition state to lower the activation energy is termed a catalyst; a catalyst composed only of protein and (if applicable) small molecule cofactors is termed an enzyme. It is important to note that a catalyst increases the rate of reaction without being consumed by it. In addition, while the catalyst lowers the activation energy, it does not change the energies of the original reactants or products. Rather, the reactant energy and the product energy remain the same and only the \"\"activation energy\"\" is altered (lowered). In the Arrhenius equation, the term activation energy (\"\"E\"\") is used to describe the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2530804", "chunk_text": "\"Monosaccharide nomenclature\"\nidentical to its mirror image, and there is no '-' form. A distinct common name, such as \"\"glucose\"\" or \"\"ribose\"\", is traditionally assigned to each pair of mirror-image stereoisomers, and to each achiral stereoisomer. These names have standard three-letter abbreviations, such as 'Glc' for glucose and 'Rib' for ribose. Another nomenclature uses the systematic name of the molecular graph, a '-' or '-' prefix to indicate the position of the last chiral hydroxyl on the Fischer diagram (as above), and another italic prefix to indicate the positions of the remaining hydroxyls relative to the first one, read from bottom to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13319033", "chunk_text": "Protein\nthe peptide bond determine the local shape assumed by the protein backbone. The end with a free amino group is known as the N-terminus or amino terminus, whereas the end of the protein with a free carboxyl group is known as the C-terminus or carboxy terminus (the sequence of the protein is written from N-terminus to C-terminus, from left to right). The words \"\"protein\"\", \"\"polypeptide,\"\" and \"\"peptide\"\" are a little ambiguous and can overlap in meaning. \"\"Protein\"\" is generally used to refer to the complete biological molecule in a stable conformation, whereas \"\"peptide\"\" is generally reserved for a short amino", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7949174", "chunk_text": "\"Systematic name\"\nwith or without numerical prefixes; e.g. pentane, oxazole.\"\" However, when trivial names have become part of chemical nomenclature, they can be the systematic name of a substance or part of it. Examples for some systematic names that have trivial origins are benzene (cyclohexatriene) or glycerol (trihydroxypropane). There are standardized systematic or semi-systematic names for: Systematic name A systematic name is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or chemical substance, out of a specific population or collection. Systematic names are usually part of a nomenclature. A semisystematic name or semitrivial name is a name", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8420989", "chunk_text": "Enzyme\nthe suffix \"\"-ase\"\" is combined with the name of the substrate (e.g., lactase is the enzyme that cleaves lactose) or to the type of reaction (e.g., DNA polymerase forms DNA polymers). The biochemical identity of enzymes was still unknown in the early 1900s. Many scientists observed that enzymatic activity was associated with proteins, but others (such as Nobel laureate Richard Willstätter) argued that proteins were merely carriers for the true enzymes and that proteins \"\"per se\"\" were incapable of catalysis. In 1926, James B. Sumner showed that the enzyme urease was a pure protein and crystallized it; he did likewise", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17493105", "chunk_text": "\"Homing endonuclease\"\nfrom the first letter of the name of the genus of the natural source organism, and two lower case letters are derived from the name of the species of that organism. Finally, a Roman numeral distinguishes different enzymes found in the same organism. For example, we can mention the enzyme PI-TliII that is the second enzyme encoded by an intein found in the archaea \"\"Thermococcus litoralis\"\", and H-DreI, the first synthetic homing endonuclease, created in a laboratory from the enzymes I-DmoI and I-CreI, taken respectively from \"\"Desulfurococcus mobilis\"\" and \"\"Chlamydomonas reinhardtii\"\". Homing endonucleases differ from Type II restriction enzymes in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19279363", "chunk_text": "\"Gene nomenclature\"\nthe word \"\"protein\"\" within them, so the phrase \"\"brain protein I3 (\"\"BRI3\"\")\"\" (referring to the gene) and \"\"brain protein I3 (BRI3)\"\" (referring to the protein) are both valid. The \"\"AMA Manual\"\" gives another example: both \"\"the TH gene\"\" and \"\"the \"\"TH\"\" gene\"\" can validly be parsed as correct (\"\"the gene for tyrosine hydroxylase\"\"), because the first mentions the alias (description) and the latter mentions the symbol. This seems confusing on the surface, although it is easier to understand when explained as follows: in this gene's case, as in many others, the alias (description) \"\"happens to use the same letter string\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7253068", "chunk_text": "Endoenzyme\nEndoenzyme An endoenzyme, or intracellular enzyme, is an enzyme that functions within the cell in which it was produced. Because the majority of enzymes fall within this category, the term is used primarily to differentiate a specific enzyme from an exoenzyme. It is possible for a single enzyme to have both endoenzymatic and exoenzymatic functions; for example, glycolytic enzymes of Kreb's Cycle. In most cases the term endoenzyme refers to an enzyme that binds to a bond 'within the body' of a large molecule - usually a polymer. For example an endoamylase would break down large amylose molecules into shorter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11511130", "chunk_text": "\"Restriction enzyme\"\nhave greater biological importance than mirror-like palindromes. EcoRI digestion produces \"\"sticky\"\" ends, whereas SmaI restriction enzyme cleavage produces \"\"blunt\"\" ends: Recognition sequences in DNA differ for each restriction enzyme, producing differences in the length, sequence and strand orientation (5' end or 3' end) of a sticky-end \"\"overhang\"\" of an enzyme restriction. Different restriction enzymes that recognize the same sequence are known as neoschizomers. These often cleave in different locales of the sequence. Different enzymes that recognize and cleave in the same location are known as isoschizomers. Naturally occurring restriction endonucleases are categorized into four groups (Types I, II III, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14900337", "chunk_text": "\"DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase\"\nin bacteria, and specifically, \"\"E. coli\"\" is endonuclease type III, while in humans it is a Mg-dependent AP endonuclease, APE1. This enzyme encompasses a family of lyases that cleave carbon-oxygen bonds. Several names for DNA AP lyase include: AP lyase; AP endonuclease class I; endodeoxyribonuclease (apurinic or apyrimidinic); deoxyribonuclease (apurinic or apyrimidinic); E. coli endonuclease III; phage-T4 UV endonuclease; Micrococcus luteus UV endonuclease; AP site-DNA 5'-phosphomonoester-lyase; and X-ray endonuclease III. Since DNA AP lyase is a class of structures who have numerous target genes that encode for different variations of the enzyme, there is no one single enzyme structure that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19707284", "chunk_text": "Hydrolase\nas peripheral membrane proteins or anchored through a single transmembrane helix. Some others are multi-span transmembrane proteins, for example rhomboid protease. The word \"\"hydrolase\"\" () suffixes the combining form of \"\"-ase\"\" to the \"\"hydrol\"\" syllables of \"\"hydrolysis\"\". Hydrolase Hydrolase is a class of enzyme that is commonly used as biochemical catalysts that use water to break a chemical bond. This results in a division of a larger molecule to smaller molecules. Some common examples of hydrolase enzymes are esterases including lipases, phosphatases, glycosidases, peptidases, and nucleosidases. Esterases cleave ester bonds in lipids and phosphatases cleave phosphate groups off molecules. An", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5474910", "chunk_text": "Katal\nname \"\"katal\"\" has been used for decades, and the unit became an official SI unit in 1999. The name comes from the Ancient Greek κατάλυσις (\"\"katalysis\"\"), meaning \"\"dissolution\"\", which is the same origin as the word \"\"catalysis\"\" itself comes from. Katal The katal (symbol: kat) is the unit of catalytic activity in the International System of Units (abbreviated SI). It is a derived SI unit for quantifying the catalytic activity of enzymes (that is, measuring the enzymatic activity level in enzyme catalysis) and other catalysts. The General Conference on Weights and Measures and other international organizations recommend use of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6781717", "chunk_text": "\"Suffix (name)\"\nCA is used for individuals who have completed the requirements to become a Chartered Accountant. The suffix CPA is also used for individuals who have completed the requirements to become a Certified Public Accountant. Similarly, Chartered Financial Analysts use the suffix CFA. Sommeliers (restaurant wine professionals) who have passed the Master Sommelier exam use the MS suffix. Engineers that are certified as a Professional Engineer in his or her state will use the suffix P.E., Certified Professional Geologists use P.G., Certified Professional Logisticians use CPL, and Chartered Engineers use CEng. Likewise, Registered Architects sometimes use the suffix R.A., or more", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4065657", "chunk_text": "\"Restriction enzyme\"\nof this enzyme class, and new subfamily nomenclature was developed to divide this large family into subcategories based on deviations from typical characteristics of type II enzymes. These subgroups are defined using a letter suffix. Type IIB restriction enzymes (e.g., BcgI and BplI) are multimers, containing more than one subunit. They cleave DNA on both sides of their recognition to cut out the recognition site. They require both AdoMet and Mg cofactors. Type IIE restriction endonucleases (e.g., NaeI) cleave DNA following interaction with two copies of their recognition sequence. One recognition site acts as the target for cleavage, while the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3209462", "chunk_text": "Cyclooxygenase\nbelieved to provide part of its effect. In medicine, the root symbol \"\"COX\"\" is encountered more often than \"\"PTGS\"\". In genetics, \"\"PTGS\"\" is officially used for this family of genes and proteins, because the root symbol \"\"COX\"\" was already used for the cytochrome c oxidase family. Thus the two isozymes found in humans, PTGS1 and PTGS2, are frequently called COX-1 and COX-2 in the medical literature. The names \"\"prostaglandin synthase (PHS)\"\", \"\"prostaglandin synthetase (PHS)\"\", and \"\"prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthetase (PES)\"\" are older terms still sometimes used to refer to COX. In terms of their molecular biology, \"\"COX-1\"\" and \"\"COX-2\"\" are of similar", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19279356", "chunk_text": "\"Gene nomenclature\"\nthe relationship of a gene symbol to the gene name is functionally the relationship of a nickname to a formal name (both are complete identifiers)—it is not the relationship of an acronym to its expansion. In fact, many official gene symbol–gene name pairs do not even share their initial-letter sequences (although some do). Nevertheless, gene and protein symbols \"\"look just like\"\" abbreviations and acronyms, which presents the problem that \"\"failing\"\" to \"\"expand\"\" them (even though it is not actually a failure and there are no true expansions) creates the appearance of violating the spell-out-all-acronyms rule. One common way of reconciling", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3333	who plays caesar planet of the apes 2014?	n/a	[ "Andy Serkis" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6428785", "chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nApes\"\". In September 2015, it was announced that Woody Harrelson had been cast as the film's antagonist. In October 2015, Steve Zahn was cast as a new ape in the film, retitled as \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\". Dawn of the Planet of the Apes Dawn of the Planet of the Apes is a 2014 American science fiction film directed by Matt Reeves and written by Mark Bomback, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver. It stars Andy Serkis, Jason Clarke, Gary Oldman, Keri Russell, Toby Kebbell, and Kodi Smit-McPhee. It is the sequel to the 2011 film \"\"Rise of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6428755", "chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nDawn of the Planet of the Apes Dawn of the Planet of the Apes is a 2014 American science fiction film directed by Matt Reeves and written by Mark Bomback, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver. It stars Andy Serkis, Jason Clarke, Gary Oldman, Keri Russell, Toby Kebbell, and Kodi Smit-McPhee. It is the sequel to the 2011 film \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\", which began 20th Century Fox's reboot of the original \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" series. \"\"Dawn\"\" is set ten years after the events of \"\"Rise\"\", and follows a group of people in San Francisco who struggle", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20787632", "chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nfrom the project due to production and scheduling issues, and was replaced by Matt Reeves. Set ten years after \"\"Rise\"\", the film establishes that the \"\"simian flu\"\" that increased the intelligence of the apes has killed most humans. Caesar struggles to maintain peace as his ape community is drawn into violent clashes with nearby human survivors. Weta Digital again provided special effects work, which combined practical sets, digitally manipulated backgrounds, and performance capture ape characters. The lead human characters were played by Jason Clarke, as Malcolm; Keri Russell, as Ellie; and Gary Oldman, as Dreyfus. Released on July 11, 2014,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18352151", "chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nthe screenplay, with rewrites from Scott Z. Burns and Mark Bomback. Taking place ten years after \"\"Rise\"\", \"\"Dawn\"\" follows Caesar's growing nation of evolved apes. Andy Serkis, Terry Notary and Karin Konoval reprise their roles as Caesar, Rocket and Maurice. James Franco returned as Will Rodman in a \"\"cameo via video\"\". \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" was released July 11, 2014. On January 6, 2014, 20th Century Fox announced a third installment with Reeves returning to direct and co-write along with Bomback, with a planned July 2016 release. In January 2015, Fox delayed the release to July 14,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20787631", "chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nat the 84th Academy Awards, among other accolades. The strength of Serkis's performance also inspired Fox to promote him for Oscar consideration; he was not nominated by Academy voters. Following the movie's success, Fox immediately planned for a sequel. Producers Peter Chernin and Dylan Clark started planning the film eventually titled \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" just after \"\"Rise\"\"s release in 2011. Fox allocated a budget of $170 million. Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver returned to pen the script and produce, and the studio quickly signed Andy Serkis to reprise his role as Caesar. Director Rupert Wyatt withdrew", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20787630", "chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nRupert Wyatt. To portray ape characters realistically, the production avoided practical effects in favor of performance capture acting, partnering with New Zealand visual effects company Weta Digital. Wyatt cast James Franco as Will Rodman, while veteran performance capture actor Andy Serkis signed on to star as Caesar. \"\"Rise\"\" debuted on August 5, 2011. Critics reviewed it positively, especially praising the visual effects and Serkis's performance. It was a major box office hit, taking in $482 million globally, more than five times its $93 million budget. Weta's special effects earned the film two Visual Effects Society Awards and an Oscar nomination", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14920081", "chunk_text": "\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\nWar for the Planet of the Apes War for the Planet of the Apes is a 2017 American science fiction film directed by Matt Reeves and written by Mark Bomback and Reeves. A sequel to \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2011) and \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2014), it is the third installment in the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" reboot series. The film stars Andy Serkis, Woody Harrelson and Steve Zahn, and follows a confrontation between the apes, led by Caesar, and the humans for control of Earth. Like its predecessor, its premise shares several similarities", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20787634", "chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nof \"\"Dawn\"\", he was contracted to return as director; he also wrote the script with Mark Bomback. Peter Chernin, Dylan Clark, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver again served as producers. Given a $150 million budget, \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\" was released on July 14, 2017. The film depicts the apes and humans in armed conflict, and follows Caesar and his followers as they track down the mysterious Colonel, a human paramilitary leader, and search for a new home. Serkis returned as Caesar, Woody Harrelson played the villainous Colonel, and Steve Zahn played Bad Ape. It earned widespread", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18352142", "chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nCast models of apes' heads and limbs helped the texture department replicate skin details such as wrinkles and pores. Given the difference between human and chimpanzee facial muscles, the animators tweaked the performance through a new facial muscle system adding dynamics, ballistics, and secondary motion. As the silent performance required expressive eyes, a new eye model was made to depict both greater accuracy in muscle movement in and around the eyes, and also tears, pupil dilation, and light refraction. While Andy Serkis was the primary performer for Caesar, as the effects team considered that at times \"\"Andy overcame the character,\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13239554", "chunk_text": "\"Hail, Caesar!\"\n2014, Josh Brolin, Channing Tatum, Ralph Fiennes, and Tilda Swinton joined the cast, Universal Pictures was announced to be distributing the film, and Eric Fellner and Tim Bevan signed on to produce the film for Working Title Films. In July, Jonah Hill and Scarlett Johansson entered talks to join the production. Johansson would portray \"\"an actress who suddenly becomes pregnant as her film is about to go into production\"\". The next month, Johansson and Hill were confirmed to have joined the cast, and Alden Ehrenreich entered negotiations to star. In a September 2014 interview with \"\"The Daily Beast\"\", Frances McDormand", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18352152", "chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\n2017. On May 14, 2015, the title was given as \"\"War of the Planet of the Apes\"\", later re-titled to \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\". Rise of the Planet of the Apes Rise of the Planet of the Apes is a 2011 American science fiction film directed by Rupert Wyatt and starring James Franco, Freida Pinto, John Lithgow, Brian Cox, Tom Felton, David Oyelowo, and Andy Serkis. Written by Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver, it is 20th Century Fox's reboot of the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" series, intended to act as an origin story for a new series", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7884943", "chunk_text": "\"Terry Notary\"\nTerry Notary Terry Notary (born August 14, 1968) is an American actor, stunt co-ordinator/double and movement coach. Notary mainly portrays creatures and animals for the film and television industry, and is known for his motion capture performances in films like \"\"Avatar\"\", \"\"The Adventures of Tintin: Secrets of the Unicorn\"\", the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" reboot series, and \"\"The Hobbit\"\" film trilogy. In 2018, Notary played Cull Obsidian in the Marvel Studios film \"\"\"\". Born in San Rafael, California, Notary was diagnosed as being severely hyperactive at age 7. His parents enrolled him in gymnastics class to burn off excess energy.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "511479", "chunk_text": "\"Terry Notary\"\nTerry Notary Terry Notary (born August 14, 1968) is an American actor, stunt co-ordinator/double and movement coach. Notary mainly portrays creatures and animals for the film and television industry, and is known for his motion capture performances in films like \"\"Avatar\"\", \"\"The Adventures of Tintin: Secrets of the Unicorn\"\", the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" reboot series, and \"\"The Hobbit\"\" film trilogy. In 2018, Notary played Cull Obsidian in the Marvel Studios film \"\"\"\". Born in San Rafael, California, Notary was diagnosed as being severely hyperactive at age 7. His parents enrolled him in gymnastics class to burn off excess energy.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18352145", "chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\n\"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\" breathes unlikely new life into a long-running franchise.\"\" Another review aggregator, Metacritic, gave the film a score of 68 out of 100, based on 39 critics, indicating \"\"generally favorable reviews\"\". Roger Ebert gave the film 3 out of 4 stars and praised the role of Caesar and Andy Serkis by stating it was a \"\"wonderfully executed character\"\" and \"\"one never knows exactly where the human ends and the effects begin, but Serkis and/or Caesar gives the best performance in the movie.\"\" Giving the film 5 out of 5 stars, Joe Neumaier of \"\"Daily", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16584521", "chunk_text": "\"Amiah Miller\"\nAmiah Miller Amiah Miller is an American actress. She stars in 2017 film \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes.\"\" She also appears in the TV series \"\"Henry Danger\"\", \"\"Best Friends Whenever\"\" and \"\"MacGyver\"\". Miller grew up in a small town in Virginia. Around 2013 to 2014, Miller took acting training classes in Los Angeles, California and Orlando, Florida. Besides acting, Miller also studies Muay Thai and jujutsu. In 2017, Miller stars in the lead in \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\", as the character Nova, a mute orphan who helps the apes rescue Caesar—the main character, and goes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14920106", "chunk_text": "\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\nSerkis’s performance as Caesar is one of the marvels of modern screen acting.\"\" Peter Travers of \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" gave the film 3.5 out of 4 stars, and said that Serkis performed \"\"with a resonant power and depth of feeling that's nearly Shakespearean. Oscar, get busy: Serkis deserves the gold,\"\" and went on to say that \"\"\"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\" – No. 9 in the simian cinema canon – is the best of the Apes films since the 1968 original.\"\" Eric Kohn of \"\"Indiewire\"\" gave the film a B+ rating, and praised Matt Reeves's directing, saying \"\"It’s a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2710139", "chunk_text": "\"Jason Clarke\"\nfilm \"\"Zero Dark Thirty\"\". Clarke played a major role in the 2012 crime film \"\"Lawless\"\". He played George Wilson in the 2013 remake of \"\"The Great Gatsby\"\". Also, in 2013, he played ruthless terrorist leader Emil Stenz in \"\"White House Down\"\". He played Malcolm in the 2014 film \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\". In 2015's \"\"Terminator Genisys\"\", Clarke portrayed John Connor, and the film grossed over $440 million worldwide. Jason Clarke Jason Clarke (born 17 July 1969) is an Australian film and television actor. Clarke has appeared in many TV series, and is known for playing Tommy Caffee", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18352125", "chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nRise of the Planet of the Apes Rise of the Planet of the Apes is a 2011 American science fiction film directed by Rupert Wyatt and starring James Franco, Freida Pinto, John Lithgow, Brian Cox, Tom Felton, David Oyelowo, and Andy Serkis. Written by Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver, it is 20th Century Fox's reboot of the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" series, intended to act as an origin story for a new series of films. Its premise is similar to the fourth film in the original series, \"\"Conquest of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (1972), but it is not a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14222340", "chunk_text": "\"Roddy McDowall\"\nRoddy McDowall Roderick Andrew Anthony Jude \"\"Roddy\"\" McDowall (September 17, 1928 – October 3, 1998) was an English-American actor, voice artist, film director and photographer. He is best known for portraying Cornelius and Caesar in the original \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" film series, as well as Galen in the spin-off television series. He began his acting career as a child in England, and then in the United States, in \"\"How Green Was My Valley\"\" (1941), \"\"My Friend Flicka\"\" (1943) and \"\"Lassie Come Home\"\" (1943). As an adult, McDowall appeared most frequently as a character actor on radio, stage, film, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16735749", "chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nCaesar as he leads the apes and their human subjects after a devastating war that destroyed much of the planet. He contends with both an attack by radiation-scarred human mutants and a coup attempt as he attempts to build a better society for both apes and humans. McDowall returned as Caesar, and Severn Darden returned as Kolp. Paul Williams played the orangutan Virgil, Austin Stoker played MacDonald (the brother of Hari Rhodes' character), and Claude Akins played the evil gorilla general Aldo. John Huston played the orangutan Lawgiver in a frame narrative. The film opened on May 2, 1973. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1973440", "chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nKodi Smit-McPhee were cast in lead roles for the sequel, set ten years after the events from the first film. In March 2013, actress Keri Russell was cast in a role. That same month, Judy Greer was cast as Cornelia, a female chimp and love interest for Caesar. Toby Kebbell, Enrique Murciano and Kirk Acevedo joined the cast during filming. On May 15, 2013, Jocko Sims was cast in a supporting role of military operative Werner. Filming began in April 2013 around the town of Campbell River, British Columbia. The location of Vancouver Island was chosen for its similarity to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2646308", "chunk_text": "\"Andy Serkis\"\n\"\"The Hobbit\"\" films which were released in 2012, 2013 and 2014. He was also the film's second unit director, which included directing aerial shots and battle scenes. He was invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in June 2012 along with 175 other individuals. In 2014, Serkis reprised his role as Caesar in \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\", and in 2017 again reprised the role in \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\", the last of the trilogy. In Gareth Edwards' 2014 science-fiction monster film \"\"Godzilla\"\", Serkis was the consultant on the film's motion", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1973437", "chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nas a deliberate hint to a possible sequel. In November 2011, Andy Serkis was the first to be announced as having closed a deal for a sequel to \"\"Rise\"\". It was reported to be a \"\"healthy seven-figure deal\"\" for him to reprise his role as Caesar, the ape leader. On May 15, 2012, it was announced Scott Z. Burns had been hired to do rewrites on the original screenplay by \"\"Rise\"\" writers Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver. On May 31, 2012, 20th Century Fox announced that the sequel would be titled \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\". On September", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18352143", "chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\nother motion capture team actors were also used, especially Devyn Dalton, whose height matched that of a chimpanzee. Along with that, they used Notary to play Caesar in stunt-filled scenes such as the Golden Gate Bridge scene. The score for the film was written by Patrick Doyle and performed by the Hollywood Studio Symphony conducted by James Shearman. The main concern was to have the music help progress the plot in the scenes without dialogue, for instance, conveying the emotions of Caesar's relationships with Will and Charles. To turn the score into a \"\"driving force that keeps audiences paying attention,\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1695980", "chunk_text": "\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\nWoody Harrelson had been cast as the film's antagonist, and that Chavarria's role was supporting. In October 2015, TheWrap reported that Steve Zahn was cast as a new ape in the film. It was also announced that actress Amiah Miller was cast as one of the film's humans, with Judy Greer and Karin Konoval reprising their roles as Cornelia and Maurice, while Aleks Paunovic and Sara Canning were cast as new apes. Principal photography on the film began on October 14, 2015 in the Lower Mainland in Vancouver, under the working title \"\"Hidden Fortress\"\". Filming was expected to take place", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1973439", "chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\n\"\"Now Rupert's not a part of it so I don't know. My guess is I won't be in it. Nobody's talked to me since Rupert left.\"\" Later, Matt Reeves revealed that Franco would be seen in a cameo in the film. Freida Pinto, who played primatologist Caroline Aranha in \"\"Rise\"\", confirmed that she would not be returning for \"\"Dawn\"\". In April 2014, when asked by IGN about the fate of Franco and Pinto's characters, producer Dylan Clark said, \"\"I mean, they’re the ones that died...They were ground zero of the virus.\"\" In February 2013, actors Gary Oldman, Jason Clarke, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16735766", "chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\na human household. He and Silver pitched the concept to Fox as a way to reboot the \"\"Apes\"\" franchise by reinventing the story of the chimpanzee Caesar, the lead character of \"\"Conquest\"\". Fox was impressed and bought the pitch, but development struggled for five years as the production cycled through scripts, writers, directors, and producers. In 2010, producers Peter Chernin and Dylan Clark of Chernin Entertainment stepped in to move the film forward, retaining Jaffa and Silver as writers. In the final script, Caesar receives enhanced cognition from a viral drug created by Will Rodman, who raises him. After being", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13474322", "chunk_text": "\"Andy Serkis\"\ndone critically acclaimed motion capture work in several other films, including the title character in the 2005 version of King Kong (in which he also played the ship's cook in live action) and as Caesar in \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2011), \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2014), and \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2017). He also worked with game developers Ninja Theory on the 2007 release \"\"Heavenly Sword\"\", providing the motion capture and voice for King Bohan (the game's main villain). Serkis was cast as serial killer Ian Brady in the BAFTA-nominated \"\"Longford\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16735764", "chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nfilm stars Mark Wahlberg as astronaut Leo Davidson, who accidentally travels through a wormhole to a distant planet where talking apes enslave humans. He leads a human revolt and upends ape civilization by discovering that the apes evolved from the normal earth primates who had accompanied his mission, and arrived years before. Helena Bonham Carter played chimpanzee Ari, while Tim Roth played the human-hating chimpanzee General Thade. The film received mixed reviews; most critics believed it failed to compare to the original. Much of the negative commentary focused on the confusing plot and twist ending, though many reviewers praised the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15297991", "chunk_text": "\"Kodi Smit-McPhee\"\nKodi Smit-McPhee Kodi Smit-McPhee (born 13 June 1996) is an Australian actor. He is known for his roles as The Boy in \"\"The Road\"\", Owen in \"\"Let Me In\"\", Norman Babcock in \"\"ParaNorman\"\", Alexander in \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\", Nightcrawler in the 2016 film \"\"\"\", and the lead role in the film \"\"Alpha\"\". Smit-McPhee was born in Adelaide, South Australia, the son of Sonja Smit and Andy McPhee. His father is an actor and former professional wrestler. His sister is actress and singer Sianoa Smit-McPhee. Smit-McPhee's first feature film role was in \"\"Romulus, My Father\"\", which garnered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1973438", "chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\n17, 2012, there were reports that director Wyatt was considering leaving the sequel due to his concern that a May 2014 release date would not give him enough time to make the film properly. On October 1, \"\"Cloverfield\"\" director Matt Reeves was confirmed as his replacement. Reeves had been working on developing a new \"\"Twilight Zone\"\" film. On October 18, Mark Bomback, writer of \"\"Live Free or Die Hard\"\", was reported to be doing a re-write for Reeves. In December 2012, after the departure of director Wyatt, James Franco speculated that he would not be returning for the sequel, saying,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16735758", "chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\n(Henry Cordin), Zira (Philippa Harris), Cornelius (Edwin Mills), and Dr. Zaius (Richard Blackburn). NBC broadcast thirteen episodes between September 6 and November 29, 1975. The show did not achieve particularly strong ratings. The network considered producing a second, three-episode season to complete the story, but this never materialized. Fox initiated plans to relaunch the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" series in the 1980s, but the project fell into a drawn-out and fruitless development phase—\"\"development hell\"\"—for over ten years, one of the most protracted development periods in film history. It began in 1988, when Fox announced that Adam Rifkin, then a 21-year-old", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6428756", "chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\nto stay alive in the aftermath of a plague that is wiping out humanity, while Caesar tries to maintain dominance over his community of intelligent apes. \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" was released in the United States on July 11, 2014 and was met with highly positive reviews, with critics praising its visual effects, story, direction, acting, musical score, action sequences and emotional depth. It was also a box office success, grossing over $710 million worldwide, and making it the eighth-highest-grossing film of 2014. The film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Visual Effects. It was also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18352126", "chunk_text": "\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\ndirect remake of that film. In the film, a substance designed to help the brain repair itself gives advanced intelligence to a chimpanzee named Caesar, who leads an ape uprising. \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\" was released on August 5, 2011, to critical and commercial success. The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects. It was also nominated for five Saturn Awards including Best Director for Wyatt and Best Writing for Jaffa and Silver, winning Best Science Fiction Film, Best Supporting Actor for Serkis and Best Special Effects. Serkis's performance as Caesar was widely", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20424969", "chunk_text": "\"Malcolm Danare\"\nMalcolm Danare Malcolm Danare (born June 15, 1962) is an American actor and voice actor, known for his role of Caesar in the 1985 film \"\"Heaven Help Us\"\" and Dr. Mendel Craven in the 1998 film \"\"Godzilla\"\" and its . He is also known for voicing Kipling in \"\"Monster High\"\" and voicing Tiny of \"\"Ever After High.\"\" Malcolm Danare had never been in front of a camera before he played the role that earned him a Golden Globe nomination. This debut role was Poteete in Paramount Pictures’ movie \"\"The Lords of Discipline\"\", for which he was nominated for Best Newcomer.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2916758", "chunk_text": "\"Malcolm Danare\"\nMalcolm Danare Malcolm Danare (born June 15, 1962) is an American actor and voice actor, known for his role of Caesar in the 1985 film \"\"Heaven Help Us\"\" and Dr. Mendel Craven in the 1998 film \"\"Godzilla\"\" and its . He is also known for voicing Kipling in \"\"Monster High\"\" and voicing Tiny of \"\"Ever After High.\"\" Malcolm Danare had never been in front of a camera before he played the role that earned him a Golden Globe nomination. This debut role was Poteete in Paramount Pictures’ movie \"\"The Lords of Discipline\"\", for which he was nominated for Best Newcomer.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2710137", "chunk_text": "\"Jason Clarke\"\nJason Clarke Jason Clarke (born 17 July 1969) is an Australian film and television actor. Clarke has appeared in many TV series, and is known for playing Tommy Caffee on the television series \"\"Brotherhood\"\". He has also appeared in many films, often as an antagonist. His film roles include \"\"Zero Dark Thirty\"\" (2012), \"\"White House Down\"\" (2013), \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2014), \"\"Terminator Genisys\"\" (2015), \"\"Everest\"\" (2015), \"\"Mudbound\"\" (2017), \"\"Chappaquiddick\"\" (2017), in which he portrayed Ted Kennedy, and \"\"First Man\"\" (2018), in which he portrayed astronaut Ed White. Jason Clarke was born and brought up in Winton,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15574538", "chunk_text": "\"Steve Zahn\"\nSteve Zahn Steven James Zahn (; born November 13, 1967) is an American actor and comedian. His films include \"\"Reality Bites\"\" (1994), \"\"That Thing You Do!\"\" (1996), \"\"Out of Sight\"\" (1998), \"\"Happy, Texas\"\" (1999), \"\"Riding in Cars with Boys\"\" (2001), \"\"Shattered Glass\"\" (2003), \"\"Sahara\"\" (2005), \"\"Rescue Dawn\"\" (2007), the first three \"\"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\"\" movies, \"\"Dallas Buyers Club\"\" (2013), and \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2017). Zahn has done voice acting in \"\"Chicken Little\"\" (2005), \"\"Escape from Planet Earth\"\" (2013), and \"\"The Good Dinosaur\"\" (2015). He has also worked regularly in television, including the recurring role", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12868122", "chunk_text": "\"Andy Serkis\"\nAndy Serkis Andrew Clement Serkis (born 20 April 1964) is an English actor and film director. He is best known for his performance capture roles comprising motion capture acting, animation and voice work for such computer-generated characters as Gollum in \"\"The Lord of the Rings\"\" film trilogy (2001–2003) and \"\"\"\" (2012), King Kong in the eponymous 2005 film, Caesar in the \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" reboot series (2011–17), Captain Haddock / Sir Francis Haddock in Steven Spielberg's \"\"The Adventures of Tintin\"\" (2011), and Supreme Leader Snoke in the first two \"\"Star Wars\"\" sequel trilogy films, \"\"\"\" (2015) and \"\"\"\" (2017).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1973455", "chunk_text": "\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\n2014. According to Nielsen VideoScan, it subsequently became the best-selling home video release for the week. After seeing his cut of \"\"Dawn\"\", 20th Century Fox and Chernin Entertainment signed Matt Reeves to return as director for a third installment of the reboot series. On January 6, 2014, Fox announced Reeves to direct as well as co-write along with Bomback, with a planned July 2016 release. Peter Chernin, Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver will produce. In January 2015, Fox delayed the release to July 14, 2017. On May 14, 2015, the title was given as \"\"War of the Planet of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18295139", "chunk_text": "\"Don Pedro Colley\"\nin his hometown of Klamath Falls, Oregon, at the age of age 79. Don Pedro Colley Don Pedro Colley (August 30, 1938 – October 11, 2017) was an American actor. Some of his better known roles include Gideon on \"\"Daniel Boone\"\", Ongaro in \"\"Beneath the Planet of the Apes\"\", SRT in George Lucas' \"\"THX 1138\"\", Joshua in \"\"The Legend of Nigger Charley\"\", and Sheriff Ed Little in the 1980s TV series \"\"The Dukes of Hazzard\"\". Colley was born in Klamath Falls, Oregon to Muriel and Pete Colley. He attended Klamath Union High School and actively played football and track and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20787651", "chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\ngreat ape personhood in portraying Caesar and his friends struggling for their rights in a society that does not consider them legal persons. \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" received popular and critical attention well after production ended on the original films and television series. Fans' interest in the franchise continued through publications like Marvel Comics' \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" magazine and science fiction conventions, where the series was sufficiently popular to inspire \"\"apecons\"\"—conventions devoted entirely to films involving apes—in the 1970s. The series' distinctive ape costumes were employed in live appearances, including by musician Paul Williams (Virgil from \"\"Battle\"\") on \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7460340", "chunk_text": "\"Lucas Elliot Eberl\"\ncoached two students to the Territorial Skills Competition held in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories. He added to the popularity of filmmaking in the north and encouraged the youth to continue to produce short films. Lucas Elliot Eberl Lucas Elliot Eberl (born March 29, 1986) is an American actor and director best known for his role as Birn in the 2001 film \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\" and for his film \"\"Choose Connor\"\". In 2008, Eberl was described by MovieMaker Magazine as one of the \"\"10 Young Americans to Watch\"\". Eberl began his filmmaking career in 1997 after his first film acting job", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12694242", "chunk_text": "\"Kodi Smit-McPhee\"\ntames a wolf, in \"\"Alpha\"\" (2018). Smit-McPhee lives in Los Angeles, California, with his sister. Kodi Smit-McPhee Kodi Smit-McPhee (born 13 June 1996) is an Australian actor. He is known for his roles as The Boy in \"\"The Road\"\", Owen in \"\"Let Me In\"\", Norman Babcock in \"\"ParaNorman\"\", Alexander in \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\", Nightcrawler in the 2016 film \"\"\"\", and the lead role in the film \"\"Alpha\"\". Smit-McPhee was born in Adelaide, South Australia, the son of Sonja Smit and Andy McPhee. His father is an actor and former professional wrestler. His sister is actress and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12301592", "chunk_text": "\"James Chinlund\"\nthe highest grossing opening weekend of all time. In 2015 he was nominated for an Art Director’s Guild Award and the Saturn Award for his work on the Fox film \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" directed by Matt Reeves. Most recently James has completed work on the next film in the Apes series \"\"War for the Planet of the Apes\"\". James Chinlund James Chinlund (born March 17, 1971) was born and raised in New York City. He studied Fine Art at CalArts in Los Angeles, with a focus on sculpture and large scale installation work. After graduating, Chinlund", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10495127", "chunk_text": "\"Kodi Smit-McPhee\"\nplayed Benvolio in a film adaptation of \"\"Romeo and Juliet\"\". He co-starred in the 20th Century Fox film \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes\"\" (2014). The project reunited him with director Matt Reeves, with whom he previously worked with on the film \"\"Let Me In\"\". In 2013, Smit-McPhee filmed the action science fiction film \"\"Young Ones\"\". The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2014. Soon after, he appeared in \"\"Slow West\"\", which was released in 2015. In March 2014, he was cast in the Nine Network's seven-part drama series \"\"Gallipoli;\"\" which was broadcast in February and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4999473", "chunk_text": "\"Alden Ehrenreich\"\nAlden Ehrenreich Alden Caleb Ehrenreich (; born November 22, 1989) is an American actor. He made his feature-film debut in Francis Ford Coppola's \"\"Tetro\"\" in 2009, and also appeared in Coppola's subsequent film, \"\"Twixt\"\" (2011). In 2013, he appeared in Woody Allen's \"\"Blue Jasmine\"\" and Park Chan-wook's \"\"Stoker.\"\" In 2016, Ehrenreich gained significant critical praise for his scene-stealing role as Hobie Doyle in the Coen brothers comedy \"\"Hail, Caesar!\"\" and for his leading role in Warren Beatty's romantic comedy-drama \"\"Rules Don't Apply\"\". He played the Young Han Solo in \"\"\"\", which focuses on the early years of the character, before", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2347555", "chunk_text": "\"Planet of the Apes\"\nplay Caesar, the son of his previous character Cornelius. Ricardo Montalban returned as Armando, while Don Murray played Governor Breck, Severn Darden played Kolp, and Hari Rhodes played MacDonald. Following \"\"Escape\"\", \"\"Conquest\"\" is set in a near future where humans have turned apes into slaves; Caesar rises from bondage to lead an ape rebellion. The film opened on June 30, 1972. Reviews were mixed, but the ending left the series open to another sequel, and \"\"Conquest\"\" was successful enough at the box office that Fox commissioned another film. Fox approved \"\"Battle for the Planet of the Apes\"\" with a $1.2", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5713649", "chunk_text": "\"Keri Russell\"\nthe science fiction horror film \"\"Dark Skies\"\" and the romantic comedy film \"\"Austenland\"\". In 2014, Russell starred in the science fiction action film \"\"Dawn of the Planet of the Apes,\"\" a sequel to the 2011 film \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\", alongside actors Andy Serkis and Gary Oldman. She later starred as Serena Knight in the 2016 historical war film \"\"Free State of Jones\"\". In July 2018, it was announced Russell had joined the cast of the film \"\"\"\", which is set for release on December 20, 2019. The film reunited her with former collaborator J.J. Abrams, whom", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10433338", "chunk_text": "\"Brian Cox (actor)\"\nBrian Cox (actor) Brian Denis Cox (born 1 June 1946) is a Scottish actor who works with the Royal Shakespeare Company, where he gained recognition for his portrayal of King Lear. Cox is also known for appearing in \"\"Super Troopers\"\", \"\"The Bourne Identity\"\", \"\"The Bourne Supremacy\"\", \"\"X2\"\", \"\"Braveheart\"\", \"\"Rushmore\"\", \"\"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\"\", and \"\"Troy.\"\" He was the first actor to portray Hannibal Lecter on film in 1986's \"\"Manhunter\"\". An Emmy Award winner, Cox has also been nominated for Golden Globe, BAFTA, and Screen Actors Guild Awards. In 2006, \"\"Empire\"\" readers voted him the recipient of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3334	who is the girl who played in the grinch?	n/a	[ "Taylor Michel Momsen" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11961101", "chunk_text": "\"Taylor Momsen\"\nTaylor Momsen Taylor Michel Momsen (born July 26, 1993) is an American musician, singer, model, and former actress. She is known for portraying the character of Jenny Humphrey on The CW's teen drama series \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" (2007–2012) and Cindy Lou Who in the film \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\"\" (2000). She is also known for being the lead singer and frontwoman of the American rock band The Pretty Reckless. Momsen was born in St. Louis, Missouri. Her parents are Michael and Collette Momsen and she has a younger sister, Sloane Momsen, who is also an actress. She has Russian ancestry.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1725959", "chunk_text": "\"Taylor Momsen\"\nmaterial for the third Pretty Reckless album. On September 29, 2016, the band released the single \"\"Take Me Down\"\", which reached number two on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Chart. The third album, \"\"Who You Selling For\"\" was released in October 2016. Taylor Momsen Taylor Michel Momsen (born July 26, 1993) is an American musician, singer, model, and former actress. She is known for portraying the character of Jenny Humphrey on The CW's teen drama series \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" (2007–2012) and Cindy Lou Who in the film \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\"\" (2000). She is also known for being the lead singer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11660556", "chunk_text": "\"Julianna Rose\"\nJulianna Rose Julianna Rose (born July 4, 1994 in La Jolla, California) is an American actress. Julianna started in theater at 5 years old, in a community play of Annie, in which she played Molly. Next she played Gretl in the \"\"Sound of Music\"\" at the Poway Performing Arts. For the next three years she played a \"\"Who\"\" in \"\"The Grinch Who Stole Christmas\"\" at the Old Globe under the direction of Jack O'Brien. After the Grinch, she went on to three years at \"\"The American Girl Revue Theater\"\" in Los Angeles playing the American Girl doll, \"\"Molly\"\". She also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6352303", "chunk_text": "\"The Grinch (film)\"\nThe Grinch (film) The Grinch (also known as Dr. Seuss' The Grinch) is a 2018 American 3D computer-animated Christmas comedy film produced by Illumination. Based on the 1957 Dr. Seuss book \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas!\"\", it is the third screen adaptation of the story, following the television special from 1966 and the live-action feature-length film from 2000. It also marks Illumination's second Dr. Seuss film adaptation, following \"\"The Lorax\"\" (2012). The film is directed by Yarrow Cheney and Scott Mosier, and written by Michael LeSieur and Tommy Swerdlow. It stars the voices of Benedict Cumberbatch, Rashida Jones, Kenan Thompson,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6294159", "chunk_text": "\"Jennifer Gillis\"\nSociety, Shaw, and BLT DVD Productions. Gillis attended Gleneagle Secondary School, concentrating in the performing arts. Gillis appeared in many of her school's musical theatre productions, playing such roles as Millie Dilmount in the musical \"\"Thoroughly Modern Millie\"\", Gertrude Mcfuzz in \"\"Seussical the Musical\"\", Cindy Lou Who in \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\"\" and Ariel Moore in the musical \"\"Footloose\"\". She graduated in 2014. Since the age of six, Gillis trained with Lindbjerg Academy of Performing Arts in her hometown of Coquitlam, British Columbia for over 10 consecutive years, training and studying musical theatre-singing, dancing and acting. With the performing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6759103", "chunk_text": "\"Julianna Rose\"\nstarted doing voice-overs and has done many TV, film, and radio voice-overs. Julianna relocated to Los Angeles in 2013. Currently is studying acting and enrolled full-time in college. Julianna has a sister Jennessa Rose who is also an actress. Julianna Rose Julianna Rose (born July 4, 1994 in La Jolla, California) is an American actress. Julianna started in theater at 5 years old, in a community play of Annie, in which she played Molly. Next she played Gretl in the \"\"Sound of Music\"\" at the Poway Performing Arts. For the next three years she played a \"\"Who\"\" in \"\"The Grinch", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4010533", "chunk_text": "\"Molly Shannon\"\nMolly Shannon Molly Helen Shannon (born September 16, 1964) is an American actress who was a cast member on \"\"Saturday Night Live\"\" from 1995 to 2001. In 2017 she won the Film Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in the film \"\"Other People\"\". She has appeared in supporting roles in a number of films, such as \"\"A Night at the Roxbury\"\" (1998), \"\"Never Been Kissed\"\" (1999), \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\"\" (2000), \"\"Osmosis Jones\"\" (2001), \"\"My Boss's Daughter\"\" (2003), \"\"\"\" (2006), and \"\"Me and Earl and the Dying Girl\"\" (2015). Her voice can also be heard", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6352311", "chunk_text": "\"The Grinch (film)\"\nwere set to direct, though in 2018 producer Scott Mosier took over from Candeland. Benedict Cumberbatch was cast as the titular character in April 2016. By September 2018, Angela Lansbury had been set to voice the Mayor of Whoville. Rashida Jones, Cameron Seely, and Kenan Thompson also joined the cast, while Pharrell Williams, who had previously worked on Illumination's \"\"Despicable Me\"\" films, was revealed to be narrating the film. Like almost all of Illumination's films, the animation was created entirely in France by Illumination Mac Guff. The film's animation was made using Autodesk Maya. Tyler, the Creator wrote a new", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14787905", "chunk_text": "\"Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas! The Musical\"\nMax. In 2009, the musical was produced at the Pantages Theatre in Hollywood, California, and ran from November 10, 2009 to December 27, 2009. Stefán Karl reprised his role from the tour as the Grinch, with John Larroquette as Old Max, Kayley Stallings and Issadora Ava Tulalian as Cindy Lou Who, and James Royce as Young Max. In 2010, a North American tour ran in the cities of Omaha, Houston, Dallas, Tempe and Toronto. Stefán Karl performed as the Grinch and Brooke Lynn Boyd as Cindy Lou Who. In 2011, the tour played Providence, Pittsburgh, Atlanta, St. Louis and San", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11961103", "chunk_text": "\"Taylor Momsen\"\nreal life.\"\" She began acting professionally at three years of age in a 1997 national commercial for Shake 'n Bake. She was then cast in \"\"The Prophet's Game\"\". Momsen is included on the list of Unclaimed Coogan accounts for performing children whose partial childhood earnings are mandated to be put in a special fund but who have yet to claim their earnings. Momsen attended the Professional Performing Arts School in Manhattan for high school alongside Connor Paolo, Gregori Lukas, and Sarah Hyland. In 2000, Momsen played the role of Cindy Lou Who in Dr. Seuss' \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "401119", "chunk_text": "\"Thora Birch\"\nThora Birch Thora Birch (born March 11, 1982) is an American actress and producer. She made her film debut in \"\"Purple People Eater\"\" (1988), for which she won a Young Artist Award for \"\"Best Young Actress Under Nine Years of Age\"\", and rose to prominence as a child star with appearances in films such as \"\"All I Want for Christmas\"\" (1991), \"\"Patriot Games\"\" (1992), \"\"Hocus Pocus\"\" (1993), \"\"Monkey Trouble\"\" (1994), \"\"Now and Then\"\" (1995), and \"\"Alaska\"\" (1996). Her breakthrough role came in 1999 when she played Jane Burnham in the highly acclaimed film \"\"American Beauty\"\", for which she earned a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16325067", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Stein\"\nan alien nurse. As her career developed, she played roles such as Miss Floom, the landlady and owner of the Flealands Hotel in \"\"\"\" and Miss Rue Who in \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\"\". Some of her well-known television roles include Ms. Sneed on \"\"General Hospital\"\" and Gerda in \"\"Providence\"\". She also appeared in Clint Eastwood's film \"\"Changeling\"\", alongside Angelina Jolie. Mary Stein Mary Margaret Stein is an American actress. Stein was born in Marquette, Michigan, and grew up in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. She began her acting career performing in plays. She graduated from Franklin High School and she received a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3797820", "chunk_text": "Whoville\nsnouts and twelve toes. In the live-action film, the fur was missing from the Whos. Just north of Whoville, atop a high mountain, Mount Crumpit, a bitter, cave-dwelling creature named the Grinch lives with his dog Max. Cindy Lou Who is a generous young girl who was introduced in the book \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas!\"\" In the 2000 live action film, \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas!\"\" she is played by actress Taylor Momsen. The Grinch is a fictional, green colored creature with a cat-like face and cynical personality. He lives in isolation upon Mt. Crumpet with his dog Max.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13498337", "chunk_text": "Grinch\nGrinch The Grinch is a fictional character created by Dr. Seuss. He is best known as the main character of the children's book \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas!\"\" (1957). He has been played by many different actors, including: Boris Karloff, Hans Conried, Jim Carrey and Benedict Cumberbatch. The Grinch is depicted as a hairy, pot-bellied, pear-shaped, snub-nosed creature with a cat-like face and cynical personality. In full-color adaptations, he is typically colored avocado green. He has spent the past 53 years living in seclusion on a cliff overlooking the town of Whoville. In contrast to the cheerful Whos, the Grinch", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5013301", "chunk_text": "\"The Grinch (film)\"\nCameron Seely and Angela Lansbury, and is narrated by Pharrell Williams. The plot follows the Grinch as he plans to ruin Whoville's Christmas celebration by stealing all the town's decorations and gifts. \"\"The Grinch\"\" was released by Universal Pictures in the United States on November 9, 2018, in RealD 3D and select IMAX theaters. It has grossed over $377 million worldwide, and received mixed reviews from critics, who praised the animation but said the film added little to nothing new to the source material. In the town of Whoville, human-like creatures called Whos are filled with excitement about celebrating Christmas.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15582577", "chunk_text": "\"A Very Glee Christmas\"\nit was \"\"another fun reason to love to hate Sue Sylvester\"\". Hankinson felt that the Grinch was \"\"the perfect touchstone for the heartless Ms. Sylvester and Jane Lynch's lanky frame made the physical humor (think gliding around the base of the tree on her belly) really sing.\"\" Poniewozik called Sue's transformation \"\"pretty amusing to watch\"\", admitted that he doubted he would \"\"have been able to resist the urge to put the rangy Jane Lynch in that classic role\"\" and called Brittany as Cindy Lou Who \"\"unexpected, clever and surprisingly touching\"\". Several reviewers commented favorably on Becky playing Max, including Canning,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3600811", "chunk_text": "\"Caroline Williams\"\nCaroline Williams Caroline Williams is an American actress and producer. She made her film debut in the 1975 film \"\"Smile\"\". She is best known for role as Stretch in \"\"The Texas Chainsaw Massacre\"\" film series. Her other film roles include \"\"Alamo Bay\"\" (1985), \"\"The Legend of Billie Jean\"\" (1985), \"\"Stepfather II\"\" (1989), \"\"Days of Thunder\"\" (1990), \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\"\" (2000), \"\"Halloween II\"\" (2009), and \"\"Hatchet 3\"\" (2013). Williams has made guest appearances on several television series such as \"\"Hunter\"\" (1987), \"\"Murder, She Wrote\"\" (1992), \"\"ER\"\" (1996), \"\"Suddenly Susan\"\" (1996), \"\"Sabrina, the Teenage Witch\"\" (1997), \"\"The District\"\" (2003), and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3524830", "chunk_text": "\"Kristen Wiig\"\nKristen Wiig Kristen Carroll Wiig (; born August 22, 1973) is an American actress, comedian, writer, and producer. She was born in Canandaigua, New York, and raised in both Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and Rochester, New York. Wiig attended the University of Arizona, where she majored in fine art. She later relocated to Los Angeles, where she broke into comedy as a member of the improvisational comedy troupe The Groundlings, and made her television debut in 2003. Wiig joined the cast of \"\"Saturday Night Live\"\" in 2005, and the following year, she appeared in the Christmas comedy film \"\"Unaccompanied Minors\"\". After appearing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3600813", "chunk_text": "\"Caroline Williams\"\nhad guest appearances on several television series such as \"\"ER\"\" (1996), \"\"Suddenly Susan\"\" (1996), and \"\"Sabrina, the Teenage Witch\"\" (1997). In 2000, Williams starred in \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\"\". In 2009, she had a role in Rob Zombie's \"\"Halloween II\"\". The following year, she had a guest appearance on \"\"Grey's Anatomy\"\". In 2013, Williams starred in \"\"Contracted\"\" and \"\"Hatchet III\"\". In 2015, she starred in \"\"Martian Land\"\". In 2016, Williams appeared in \"\"Blood Feast\"\". In 2017, Williams starred in \"\"Fantasma\"\". Caroline Williams Caroline Williams is an American actress and producer. She made her film debut in the 1975 film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12891190", "chunk_text": "Grinch\nversion that went under the full title of the movie. The Grinch was portrayed on the stage when the story was turned into a musical by the Children's Theater Company out of Minneapolis. The show made it to Broadway by way of a limited run in 2006, with Julia Leuchtenberg playing the Grinch. Icelandic actor Stefan Karl Stefansson portrayed the Grinch in the touring production of the musical from 2008 to 2015. The Grinch is also a minor character in \"\"Seussical\"\", which is a crossover between various Dr. Seuss stories. The Grinch's story was adapted in animated form in 2018", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16294753", "chunk_text": "\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000 film)\"\nHow the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000 film) How the Grinch Stole Christmas (also known as Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas and simply The Grinch in the UK) is a 2000 American Christmas fantasy comedy film directed by Ron Howard and written by Jeffrey Price and Peter S. Seaman. Based on Dr. Seuss's 1957 book of the same name, the film was the first Dr. Seuss book to be adapted into a full-length feature film. The film stars Jim Carrey in the title role, Jeffrey Tambor, Christine Baranski, Bill Irwin, Molly Shannon and Taylor Momsen. Because the film is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8036182", "chunk_text": "\"Jay Goede\"\nJay Goede Jay Philip Goede is an American actor best known for his stage roles on Broadway in New York City. Goede appeared on Broadway in the original productions of \"\"Angels in America\"\" (1993) \"\"Sex and Longing\"\" (opposite Sigourney Weaver) (1995) \"\"A Year with Frog and Toad\"\" (2003), and with Valerie Harper in \"\"Looped\"\" (2009). Other stage credits include the Broadway production of The Play's the Thing (1995), the off-Broadway production of \"\"Miracle Brothers\"\" (2005) and the 1999 national tour of \"\"Cabaret\"\". In 2006, Goede played the title character in the musical \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas!\"\" at the Old", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8791631", "chunk_text": "\"Jean Speegle Howard\"\n\"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\"\", directed by her son Ron, includes a dedication to her at the beginning of the end credits, saying that she was \"\"who loved Christmas the most.\"\" The film includes performances by her son Clint (as Whobris), her husband Rance (as the Elderly Timekeeper) and her granddaughter Bryce (as the Surprised Who). Jean Speegle Howard Jean Frances Speegle Howard (January 31, 1927 – September 2, 2000) was an American actress who acted primarily in film and on television. Howard made appearances in over 30 television shows, mostly sitcoms, such as \"\"Married... with Children\"\" (1994–1996), but she", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13123918", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Degerstedt\"\nfor the Performing Arts production of \"\"Dark of the Moon\"\". In December 2012, Degerstedt sang and danced in the production \"\"Kritzerland Records' Christmas with a Little Bit of Hannukah and a Lot of Cheer\"\" at \"\"Sterling's Upstairs at the Federal\"\" in North Hollywood. She performed two songs, \"\"Be A Santa\"\" and the solo \"\"Santa Baby\"\". She is currently attending University of California, Los Angeles. Emma Degerstedt Emma Kristina Degerstedt (born April 13, 1992) is an American television actress and singer. Degerstedt is of Swedish descent. Her television roles include Maris in the Nickelodeon series \"\"Unfabulous\"\". She has also appeared on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14750956", "chunk_text": "\"A Very Glee Christmas\"\nSue's deception and reclaim their gifts with the intention of donating them to the homeless charity. Incensed, Sue dresses as the Grinch, with her favorite cheerleader Becky Jackson (Lauren Potter) as Max, and steals back the presents while she vandalizes the choir room's Christmas decorations. The club members are stunned by the theft and destruction, but Will encourages them to give a private performance for the faculty, which proves successful and garners many charitable donations. Sue overhears their performance of \"\"Welcome Christmas\"\", and she comes to regret her actions. She returns the presents to Will at his apartment, and brings", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6860398", "chunk_text": "\"Chloë Grace Moretz\"\nChloë Grace Moretz Chloë Grace Moretz (; born February 10, 1997) is an American actress and model. She began acting at age six, with early roles in the supernatural horror film \"\"The Amityville Horror\"\" (2005), the drama series \"\"Desperate Housewives\"\" (2006–07), the supernatural horror film \"\"The Eye\"\" (2008), the drama film \"\"The Poker House\"\" (2008), the drama series \"\"Dirty Sexy Money\"\" (2007–08), the romantic comedy film \"\"500 Days of Summer\"\" (2009) and the children's comedy film \"\"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\"\" (2010). Moretz' breakthrough came in 2010 with her critically acclaimed performances as Hit-Girl in the superhero film \"\"Kick-Ass\"\" and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13152743", "chunk_text": "\"Arianna Afsar\"\na contestant on \"\"American Idol 8\"\". She auditioned in Phoenix and sang \"\"Put Your Records On\"\" by Corinne Bailey Rae. She was one of the final 36 contestants. Afsar progressed to the live semifinals but failed to make it through her group and was not selected to compete for a wildcard by the judges. In 2001 she appeared in a production of \"\"Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas! The Musical\"\" as Cindy Lou Who. It was announced on July 13, 2016, that Afsar would portray the role of Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton in the Chicago production of \"\"Hamilton\"\" beginning performances", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7133385", "chunk_text": "\"Kennedi Clements\"\nKennedi Clements Kennedi Clements (born January 21, 2007) is a Canadian child actress. She is best known for portraying Madison Bowen in the 2015 remake of \"\"Poltergeist\"\" and Noel in \"\"Jingle All the Way 2\"\". Kennedi is the eldest child. She has two younger siblings: Tatum (born in 2009) and Lochlan (born in 2011). She resides in Vancouver and performing as a dancer in Street Kings Academy of Dance (SK) and Project Dance Chilliwack (PDC). She also has a hiphop duo called Kromi, with her friend, Romy Sanchez. Her favorite color is blue, as she said in her musical account.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15226136", "chunk_text": "\"Elsie Fisher\"\nElsie Fisher Elsie Kate Fisher (born April 3, 2003) is an American actress. She began her career in 2009 with a role in the television series \"\"Medium\"\" at age 6, before voicing Agnes in the first two \"\"Despicable Me\"\" films. In 2018, she received critical acclaim for her performance as the socially-struggling teenage girl Kayla Day in the comedy-drama film \"\"Eighth Grade\"\"; she earned many accolades and nominations for her performance, including a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical. , Fisher has two forthcoming projects. She will portray Parker Needler in the animated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14771244", "chunk_text": "\"Christine Baranski\"\nwon both the Tony and Drama Desk Awards twice. Baranski has also starred in various roles in films. Some of her better known roles are as Katherine Archer in \"\"The Birdcage\"\" (1996), Martha May Whovier in \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\"\" (2000), Mary Sunshine in \"\"Chicago\"\" (2002), and Connie Chasseur in \"\"The Ref\"\" (1994). She received further recognition for her role as Tanya Chesham-Leigh in the hit musical film \"\"Mamma Mia!\"\" (2008), and its sequel, \"\"Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again\"\" (2018). She also played Cinderella's stepmother in the 2014 film adaptation of the musical, \"\"Into the Woods\"\". Baranski also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16729235", "chunk_text": "\"Anna Faris\"\nAnna Faris Anna Kay Faris (; born November 29, 1976) is an American actress, voice artist, producer, podcaster and author. Faris rose to prominence for her work in comedic roles, particularly the lead part of Cindy Campbell in the \"\"Scary Movie\"\" films (2000–2006). Her other films include \"\"The Hot Chick\"\" (2002), \"\"Lost in Translation\"\" (2003), \"\"Just Friends\"\" (2005), \"\"Smiley Face\"\" (2007), \"\"The House Bunny\"\" (2008), \"\"What's Your Number?\"\" (2011), \"\"The Dictator\"\" (2012), and \"\"Overboard\"\" (2018). Faris has also had voice-over roles in the film franchises \"\"Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs\"\" (2009–2013) and \"\"Alvin and the Chipmunks\"\" (2009–2015), as well", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5621074", "chunk_text": "Grinch\nTime\"\" list. Grinch The Grinch is a fictional character created by Dr. Seuss. He is best known as the main character of the children's book \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas!\"\" (1957). He has been played by many different actors, including: Boris Karloff, Hans Conried, Jim Carrey and Benedict Cumberbatch. The Grinch is depicted as a hairy, pot-bellied, pear-shaped, snub-nosed creature with a cat-like face and cynical personality. In full-color adaptations, he is typically colored avocado green. He has spent the past 53 years living in seclusion on a cliff overlooking the town of Whoville. In contrast to the cheerful Whos,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18964856", "chunk_text": "\"Gabrielle Gutierrez\"\nfor the National Tour of How the Grinch Stole Christmas production. While working on the said musical, she was cast as lead for the Royal Shakespeare Company's Matilda The Musical. Gutierrez traces her roots back from Bukidnon, Philippines. She is currently residing in Springfield, New Jersey with her older sister and their parents. Gabrielle Gutierrez Gabrielle Alexa Gutierrez (born September 29, 2005) is a Filipino-American stage actress prominently known as the first Filipino to play the lead role of Matilda in a major musical theatre adaptation of the novel of the same name. Gutierrez is a gifted child piano prodigy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17454866", "chunk_text": "\"Spencer Locke\"\nSpencer Locke Spencer Locke (born September 20, 1991) is an American actress. She is known for her roles in \"\"Cougar Town\"\", \"\"Monster House\"\", \"\"Detention\"\", and in the \"\"Resident Evil\"\" film series. Prior to appearing as Candida on \"\"Phil of the Future\"\", she had a recurring role as Bitsy on season one of the Nickelodeon series \"\"Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide\"\". Locke has also guest starred as Brandee Case in \"\"Without a Trace\"\" in the episode \"\"Wannabe\"\", Kayla in \"\"That's So Raven\"\" in episode \"\"Mad Hot Cotillion\"\", and as Jenny in the animated film \"\"Monster House.\"\" She appeared in the 2007", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12639124", "chunk_text": "\"Elsie Fisher\"\nadaptation of \"\"The Addams Family\"\". She will also star in Ken Kwapis musical film \"\"The Shaggs\"\", based on the rock band of the same name. Elsie Fisher Elsie Kate Fisher (born April 3, 2003) is an American actress. She began her career in 2009 with a role in the television series \"\"Medium\"\" at age 6, before voicing Agnes in the first two \"\"Despicable Me\"\" films. In 2018, she received critical acclaim for her performance as the socially-struggling teenage girl Kayla Day in the comedy-drama film \"\"Eighth Grade\"\"; she earned many accolades and nominations for her performance, including a Golden Globe", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6352322", "chunk_text": "\"The Grinch (film)\"\nlike its hairy protagonist’s heart), \"\"The Grinch\"\" is impossibly cute, visually rich and boasts enough festive fun to satisfy young viewers.\"\" The Grinch (film) The Grinch (also known as Dr. Seuss' The Grinch) is a 2018 American 3D computer-animated Christmas comedy film produced by Illumination. Based on the 1957 Dr. Seuss book \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas!\"\", it is the third screen adaptation of the story, following the television special from 1966 and the live-action feature-length film from 2000. It also marks Illumination's second Dr. Seuss film adaptation, following \"\"The Lorax\"\" (2012). The film is directed by Yarrow Cheney and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6942165", "chunk_text": "\"Rebecca Harrell Tickell\"\nRebecca Harrell Tickell Rebecca Reynolds Harrell Tickell (born 2 March 1980) is a producer, director, actress, singer and environmental activist. Harrell Tickell had a starring role in the Christmas film \"\"Prancer\"\". She garnered a Young Artist Award nomination for Best Young Actress Starring in a Motion Picture. Movie critic Roger Ebert highlighted Harrell Tickell's performance, saying, \"\"what really redeems the movie, taking it out of the category of kiddie picture and giving it a heart and gumption, is the performance by a young actress named Rebecca Harrell, as Jessica. She's something. She has a troublemaker's look in her eye, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11818418", "chunk_text": "\"Christine Baranski\"\n(2008). Baranski has starred in numerous films, including \"\"9½ Weeks\"\" (1986), \"\"Legal Eagles\"\" (1986), \"\"Reversal of Fortune\"\" (1990), \"\"Addams Family Values\"\" (1993), \"\"Jeffrey\"\" (1995), \"\"The Birdcage\"\" (1996), \"\"Bulworth\"\" (1998), \"\"Cruel Intentions\"\" (1999), \"\"Bowfinger\"\" (1999), \"\"Dr. Seuss's How the Grinch Stole Christmas\"\" (2000), \"\"Chicago\"\" (2002), \"\"Mamma Mia!\"\" (2008), \"\"The Bounty Hunter\"\" (2010), \"\"Into the Woods\"\" (2014), \"\"A Bad Moms Christmas\"\" (2017), and \"\"Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again\"\" (2018). Baranski was born in Buffalo, New York, the daughter of Virginia (née Mazurowski) and Lucien Baranski, who edited a Polish-language newspaper. She is of Polish descent, and her grandparents were actors in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5720253", "chunk_text": "\"Christmas Caper\"\nback on track. \"\"Christmas Caper\"\" was originally to be called \"\"Auntie Claus\"\". \"\"Christmas Caper\"\" was released on DVD on October 28, 2008. The DVD is said to feature the making of \"\"Christmas Caper\"\" and cast interviews. \"\"Christmas Caper\"\" was filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Christmas Caper Christmas Caper is an ABC Family Original Movie. It aired on November 25, 2007 on ABC Family as part of their 25 Days of Christmas. The film stars Shannen Doherty, Ty Olsson, Sonya Salomaa and Stefanie von Pfetten. A Grinch-like thief retreats to her hometown in Connecticut after a con goes bad and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3764410", "chunk_text": "\"Kennedi Clements\"\nexo Kennedi Clements Kennedi Clements (born January 21, 2007) is a Canadian child actress. She is best known for portraying Madison Bowen in the 2015 remake of \"\"Poltergeist\"\" and Noel in \"\"Jingle All the Way 2\"\". Kennedi is the eldest child. She has two younger siblings: Tatum (born in 2009) and Lochlan (born in 2011). She resides in Vancouver and performing as a dancer in Street Kings Academy of Dance (SK) and Project Dance Chilliwack (PDC). She also has a hiphop duo called Kromi, with her friend, Romy Sanchez. Her favorite color is blue, as she said in her musical", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9936912", "chunk_text": "\"Ciara Bravo\"\nCiara Bravo Ciara Quinn Bravo (pronounced ; born March 18, 1997) is an American actress. She is known for her role as Katie Knight on \"\"Big Time Rush\"\" and her role as Emma Chota on \"\"Red Band Society\"\". Bravo's work as a voice actress includes Giselita in the \"\"Open Season 3\"\", Patty in \"\"Happiness Is a Warm Blanket, Charlie Brown\"\", and Sarah in \"\"Special Agent Oso\"\". She has also starred in movies, playing Meg Murphy in \"\"Jinxed\"\" and Melissa Bing in \"\"Swindle\"\". Bravo was born in Alexandria, Kentucky, south of Cincinnati, Ohio. Her career began at the age of 9,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4470819", "chunk_text": "\"Nikki Hahn\"\nKidnapping in Mexico\"\" by Jayne Garcia Valseca and Mark Ebner. Hahn also appeared in \"\"The Secret Life of Dorks\"\" as James Belushi's daughter, her first role in a feature film. In January 2012, Hahn guest-starred in Disney's \"\"Jessie\"\" as Lindsay, and in the \"\"Wizards of Waverly Place\"\" television movie \"\"\"\" as Bianca, Alex Russo's (Selena Gomez) Italian relative and young wizard in training. Hahn appeared in two Hallmark films, \"\"Matchmaker Santa\"\" alongside Lacey Chabert, and \"\"Second Chances\"\" with Alison Sweeney and Benjamin Stockham. During this year, Hahn appeared in a commercial for State Farm Insurance with Green Bay Packers quarterback", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15449121", "chunk_text": "\"Hallie Eisenberg\"\nHallie Eisenberg Hallie Kate Eisenberg (born August 2, 1992) is an American actress, best known for being \"\"The Pepsi Girl\"\" in a series of Pepsi commercials and her role as Erika Tansy in \"\"How to Eat Fried Worms\"\". Eisenberg was born in East Brunswick Township, New Jersey, the daughter of Amy and Barry Eisenberg, who ran a hospital and later became a college professor. She has two siblings: actor Jesse Eisenberg, the Academy Award nominated star of \"\"The Social Network\"\", and Kerry. Hallie was named after the character Hallie O'Fallon in the film \"\"All I Want for Christmas\"\", portrayed by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11828268", "chunk_text": "\"Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas! The Musical\"\nin 1995 and 1998 playing to sold-out houses every time. The musical was performed at the Old Globe Theatre, San Diego, where it has run every Christmas season since 1998. The Old Globe production was directed by Jack O'Brien. This version featured songs from the television special, which had music by Albert Hague and lyrics by Seuss. A then-unknown Vanessa Anne Hudgens played Cindy Lou Who (1998–1999). For the 2007 Christmas season, three new songs were added to both this and the subsequent Broadway production. These songs are \"\"This Time of Year\"\", \"\"It's the Thought That Counts\"\" and \"\"Fah Who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2821168", "chunk_text": "\"Allison Strong\"\nAllison Strong Allison Trujillo Strong is an American pop singer, songwriter and actress of stage, television and film. She first gained notice for her Broadway work in the musicals \"\"Bye Bye Birdie\"\" and \"\"Mamma Mia!\"\", has done voice-over work on the Nickelodeon's animated children's television program \"\"Dora and Friends\"\", and appeared in television programs such as \"\"The Blacklist\"\". She gained wider exposure with her first feature film, playing Adam Sandler's daughter Sarah in \"\"The Week Of\"\" (2018). Strong, who began acting at age 7, won a national jingle-singing competition for Oscar Mayer at age 11, and appeared in local productions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7127425", "chunk_text": "\"Geraldine Viswanathan\"\nGeraldine Viswanathan Geraldine Viswanathan (born Geraldine Indira Viswanathan June 20, 1995) is an Australian actress of Indian and Swiss heritage. She gained attention in the role of Kayla in the 2018 film \"\"Blockers\"\", for which Refinery29 referred to her as \"\"the film's breakout star.\"\" The star attended a school of Performing Arts in Broadmeadow, Newcastle. She had previously appeared in \"\"Emo the Musical\"\". She plays Eliza, a worker in Heaven, as a regular in the \"\"Miracle Workers (2019 TV series)\"\", working alongside Steve Buscemi and Daniel Radcliffe. She cites the TV show \"\"Friends\"\" as an influence, with Anne Hathaway inspiring", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8226803", "chunk_text": "\"Sarah Gilman\"\nSarah Gilman Sarah Gilman (born January 18, 1996) is an American actress, known for her role as Delia in the Disney Channel series \"\"I Didn't Do It\"\". Sarah Gilman was born on January 18, 1996 and resides in Los Angeles. Her first acting jobs were in theatre. She played main roles in musicals like \"\"Narnia\"\", \"\"You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown\"\" and \"\"Alice\"\". In 2011, she made her film debut in the short movie \"\"Hold for Laughs\"\". She played the lead role as Margaret, a 13-year-old girl who is bullied at a Catholic school. She later guest starred in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19213779", "chunk_text": "\"Bailee Madison\"\ntheir own lemonade stands. Bailee Madison Bailee Madison (born October 15, 1999) is an American actress. In film, she played May Belle Aarons in \"\"Bridge to Terabithia\"\" (2007), Isabelle in \"\"Brothers\"\" (2009), Sally Hurst in \"\"Don't Be Afraid of the Dark\"\" (2010), Maggie in \"\"Just Go with It\"\" (2011), Harper Simmons in \"\"Parental Guidance\"\" (2012), and Kinsey in \"\"\"\" (2018). On television, she made guest appearances as Maxine Russo in \"\"Wizards of Waverly Place\"\" and young Snow White in \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\". She also has a recurring role as Sophia Quinn in \"\"The Fosters\"\". In 2015, she began starring", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19213770", "chunk_text": "\"Bailee Madison\"\nBailee Madison Bailee Madison (born October 15, 1999) is an American actress. In film, she played May Belle Aarons in \"\"Bridge to Terabithia\"\" (2007), Isabelle in \"\"Brothers\"\" (2009), Sally Hurst in \"\"Don't Be Afraid of the Dark\"\" (2010), Maggie in \"\"Just Go with It\"\" (2011), Harper Simmons in \"\"Parental Guidance\"\" (2012), and Kinsey in \"\"\"\" (2018). On television, she made guest appearances as Maxine Russo in \"\"Wizards of Waverly Place\"\" and young Snow White in \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\". She also has a recurring role as Sophia Quinn in \"\"The Fosters\"\". In 2015, she began starring as Grace Russell in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18812098", "chunk_text": "\"Julie Gonzalo\"\nJulie Gonzalo Julieta Susana \"\"Julie\"\" Gonzalo (; born September 9, 1981) is an Argentine-American actress and producer. She starred as Pamela Rebecca Barnes in the TNT drama series \"\"Dallas\"\" (2012–14). Gonzalo is also known for her roles in films, including \"\"Freaky Friday\"\", \"\"A Cinderella Story\"\", and \"\"Christmas with the Kranks\"\", and on television series \"\"Veronica Mars\"\" and \"\"Eli Stone\"\". Gonzalo was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina and raised in Miami, Florida, where she began her career as a print model. She later became interested in acting as she began taking theatre classes. Gonzalo moved to Los Angeles, and made her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3335	nobel laureate who began career as accountant in calcutta?	n/a	[ "Amartya Sen" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6317349", "chunk_text": "\"Mrinal Datta Chaudhuri\"\nIndia. He did his college education at Shantiniketan where he studied with Amartya Sen, who later won the Nobel Prize for economics, and Sukhamoy Chakraborty. He completed his post graduate education at Presidency College, Calcutta. Receiving a full-paid scholarship to pursue his doctoral studies at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, he studied under the guidance of Paul Samuelson, the first American Nobel Laureate in Economics who was later described by the New York Times as the \"\"foremost academic economist of the 20th century\"\". The stint at MIT also gave him opportunity to study under Nobel Prize winners such as Robert Solow,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17110278", "chunk_text": "\"University of Calcutta\"\nare: The university has produced many scientists, engineers, world leaders and Nobel laureates and teachers. As the oldest university of Bengal and India, it attracted students from diverse walks of life. Nobel laureates who either studied or worked here include Rabindranath Tagore, Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, Ronald Ross, and Amartya Sen. The Academy Award winning director Satyajit Ray was an alumnus of this university. So was the composer of the national song of India, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. Some of the industrialists who studied in this university include Sir Rajen Mookerjee, Rama Prasad Goenka, Lakshmi Mittal, and Aditya Birla. Notable scientists and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17831711", "chunk_text": "\"Amartya Sen\"\nAmartya Sen Amartya Kumar Sen, (; born 3 November 1933) is an economist and philosopher, who since 1972 has taught and worked in India, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Sen has made contributions to welfare economics, social choice theory, economic and social justice, economic theories of famines, and indices of the measure of well-being of citizens of developing countries. He is the Thomas W. Lamont University Professor at Harvard University and member of faculty at Harvard Law School. He is a Fellow and former Master of Trinity College, Cambridge and was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6744996", "chunk_text": "\"R. Sivabhogam\"\nR. Sivabhogam R Sivabhogam (Ramasamy) (born 23 July 1907 in India), is a professional was the First Woman Chartered Accountant of India. R Sivabhogam did her early schooling in Lady Wellington School Chennai,was a student of Sister Subbalakshmi in field of Social Service and graduated from The Queen Mary’s College Chennai. She participated in non cooperation movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi and was imprisoned for a year. After her release Sivabhogam registered for Government Diploma in Accountancy and created history by becoming the first Indian Woman Accountant in 1933. She underwent article-ship training under Mr. C S Sastri. Sivabhogam could", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6744999", "chunk_text": "\"R. Sivabhogam\"\non 14 June 1966. R. Sivabhogam R Sivabhogam (Ramasamy) (born 23 July 1907 in India), is a professional was the First Woman Chartered Accountant of India. R Sivabhogam did her early schooling in Lady Wellington School Chennai,was a student of Sister Subbalakshmi in field of Social Service and graduated from The Queen Mary’s College Chennai. She participated in non cooperation movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi and was imprisoned for a year. After her release Sivabhogam registered for Government Diploma in Accountancy and created history by becoming the first Indian Woman Accountant in 1933. She underwent article-ship training under Mr. C", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "208983", "chunk_text": "\"Partha Dasgupta\"\nPartha Dasgupta Sir Partha Sarathi Dasgupta, FRS, FBA (born 17 November 1942), is the Frank Ramsey Professor Emeritus of Economics at the University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge, and Visiting Professor at the New College of the Humanities, London. He was born in Dhaka, present-day Bangladesh, then moved to present-day India, and is the son of the noted economist Amiya Kumar Dasgupta. He is married to Carol Dasgupta, who is a psychotherapist. His father-in-law was the Nobel Laureate James Meade. Dasgupta was educated in Rajghat Besant School in Varanasi, India, obtaining his Matriculation Degree in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "469859", "chunk_text": "Kolkata\nenrollment and number of Institutions affiliated by it. Private institutions include the Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute and University of Engineering & Management (UEM). Notable scholars who were born, worked or studied in Kolkata include physicists Satyendra Nath Bose, Meghnad Saha, and Jagadish Chandra Bose; chemist Prafulla Chandra Roy; statisticians Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis and Anil Kumar Gain; physician Upendranath Brahmachari; educator Ashutosh Mukherjee; and Nobel laureates Rabindranath Tagore, C. V. Raman, and Amartya Sen. Kolkata houses many premier research institutes like Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), Indian Institute of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9542805", "chunk_text": "\"Satyendranath Tagore\"\nSatyendranath Tagore Satyendranath Tagore (; ; ) (1 June 1842 – 9 January 1923) was the first Indian to join the Indian Civil Service. He was an author, song composer, and linguist, and made a significant contribution towards the emancipation of women in Indian society during the British Raj. The second son of Debendranath Tagore , elder brother of Rabindranath Tagore and grandson of Dwarkanath Tagore of the Jorasanko branch of the Tagore family of Calcutta (now Kolkata), he learnt Sanskrit and English at home. A student of Hindu School, he was part of the first batch of students to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10495306", "chunk_text": "\"Pablo Ganguli\"\nWest Bengal, India, reportedly the son of an art historian. Some sources state that one of his great-grandfathers was the private secretary to Rabindranath Tagore, the Bengali poet who was Asia's first Nobel laureate. As an infant, Ganguli was brought up by his grandmother. He claimed he had never met his mother, and throughout his childhood was only visited by his art-historian father once a month. He grew up in Kolkata in a creative environment pursuing artistic interests. In 2001 at the age of 17 Ganguli founded his company, Liberatum, to organise events around the world. In August 2006, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10746605", "chunk_text": "\"Amartya Sen\"\nSciences in 1998 and India's Bharat Ratna in 1999 for his work in welfare economics. In 2017, Sen was awarded the Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science for most valuable contribution to Political Science. In 2004, Sen was ranked number 14 in BBC's poll of the Greatest Bengali of all time. Amartya Sen was born in a Bengali Hindu family in Santiniketan in West Bengal, British India, on the campus on Rabindranath Tagore's Viswa-Bharati University, to Ashutosh Sen and Amita Sen. Rabindranath Tagore gave Amartya Sen his name (Bengali অমর্ত্য \"\"ômorto\"\", lit. \"\"immortal\"\"). Sen's family was from Wari and Manikganj,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20581816", "chunk_text": "\"Bhabatosh Datta\"\nBhabatosh Datta Bhabatosh Datta (21 February 1911 – 11 January 1997) was a noted Indian economist, academic and writer. He taught at Chittagong College and later became Professor of Economics, Presidency College, Kolkata, where he later Emeritus Professor. In 1990, he was awarded the Padma Vibhushan, the second highest civilian award, by Government of India. Datta was born in Patna, Bihar to Hemendra Kishore Datta and Jogmaya Datta. At the time, his father was a professor of Chemistry at Bihar National College, Patna. Thereafter, he did his schooling at various places, including Daulatpur in Khulna district, Mymensingh followed by Dhaka,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19188833", "chunk_text": "\"Om Prakash Jindal\"\nOm Prakash Jindal Om Prakash Jindal () (7 August 1930 – 31 March 2005), popularly known as O.P. Jindal, was born in Hisar, Haryana. He established a successful business enterprise Jindal Steel and Power under the flagship of the Jindal Organization, of which he was the chairman. In November 2004, Jindal was awarded the prestigious \"\"Life Time Achievement Award\"\" for his outstanding contribution to the Indian Steel Industry by the Bengal Chamber of Commerce and Industry. According to the latest Forbes List, he was ranked 13th amongst the richest Indians and placed 548th amongst the richest persons of the world.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14666115", "chunk_text": "\"Nobel Chor\"\nNobel Chor Nobel Chor () is a 2012 Bengali-language Indian film directed by Suman Ghosh, starring Mithun Chakraborty, Soumitra Chatterjee, Roopa Ganguly and Saswata Chatterjee. The film was officially selected for the BFI London Film Festival. The first Asian Nobel Laureate, Rabindranath Tagore, is still revered as an icon in India. On 24 March 2004, his Nobel medal was stolen from Shantiniketan in Bengal, where it was housed in his residence turned museum. Subsequently, a nationwide furor started and a massive search operation was put in place to find the guilty. Ultimately the medal was not found and the Central", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20721547", "chunk_text": "\"Kishori Mohan Bandyopadhyay\"\nand Bandyopadhyay was able to impress Ross and was recruited. After his award of Gold Medal in 1903 Bandhyopadhyay made social campaigns in villages in Bengal for eradication of malaria. With his magic lantern he made public slide shows to educate villagers about malaria and anopheles mosquito. He joined politics and later campaigned for Bidhan Chandra Roy who contested against Surendranath Banerjee and won. Kishori Mohan Bandyopadhyay, with friends, founded The Panihati Cooperative Bank in 1927. Ronald Ross received the Nobel Prize in 1902, and to honour the contribution of Bandhyopadhyay Upendranath Brahmachari, Jagadish Chandra Bose, Brajendra Nath Seal, Sivanath", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19587079", "chunk_text": "\"Jagadish Chandra Bose\"\nof plants. A crater on the moon has been named in his honour. Born in Munsiganj, Bengal Presidency (present-day Bangladesh), during British governance of India, Bose graduated from St. Xavier's College, Calcutta. He went to the University of London to study medicine, but could not pursue studies in medicine because of health problems. Instead, he conducted his research with the Nobel Laureate Lord Rayleigh at Cambridge and returned to India. He joined the Presidency College of the University of Calcutta as a professor of physics. There, despite racial discrimination and a lack of funding and equipment, Bose carried on his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9665815", "chunk_text": "Zamindar\narts. The Tagore family produced India's first Nobel laureate in literature in 1913, Rabindranath Tagore, who was often based at his estate. The zamindars also promoted neoclassical and Indo-Saracenic architecture. Before Mughal rule in India, the aristocracy collected and retained revenue from land and production. The Mughals appointed people to act as tax officers, sending them around the country to oversee collection of revenue and remit it to the capital city of Delhi. These people were known as the zamindari (intermediaries) and they collected revenue primarily from the Ryots (peasants) The zamindari system was more prevalent in the north of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18693903", "chunk_text": "\"Jorasanko Thakur Bari\"\nJorasanko Thakur Bari Jorasanko Thakur Bari (Bengali: \"\"House of the Thakurs\"\" (anglicised to \"\"Tagore\"\") in Jorasanko, north of Kolkata, West Bengal, India, is the ancestral home of the Tagore family. It is currently located on the Rabindra Bharati University campus at 6/4 Dwarakanath Tagore Lane Jorasanko, Kolkata 700007. It is the house in which the poet and first non-European Nobel laureate, Rabindranath Tagore was born. It is also the place where he spent most of his childhood and died on 7 August 1941. It was built in the 18th century on the land donated by the famous Sett family of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17244518", "chunk_text": "\"Jorasanko Thakur Bari\"\nIt also organises a festival of arts, Aban Mela. Jorasanko Thakur Bari Jorasanko Thakur Bari (Bengali: \"\"House of the Thakurs\"\" (anglicised to \"\"Tagore\"\") in Jorasanko, north of Kolkata, West Bengal, India, is the ancestral home of the Tagore family. It is currently located on the Rabindra Bharati University campus at 6/4 Dwarakanath Tagore Lane Jorasanko, Kolkata 700007. It is the house in which the poet and first non-European Nobel laureate, Rabindranath Tagore was born. It is also the place where he spent most of his childhood and died on 7 August 1941. It was built in the 18th century on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "897741", "chunk_text": "\"Jyotirindranath Tagore\"\nJyotirindranath Tagore Jyotirindranath Tagore () (May 4, 1849 – March 4, 1925) was a playwright, a musician, an editor and a painter. Endowed with an outstanding talent, he had the rare capability of spotting talent in others. He played a major role in the flowering of the talents of his younger brother, the first non-European Nobel Prize winner, Rabindranath Tagore. The grandson of Dwarkanath Tagore and the fifth son of Debendranath Tagore, Jyotirindranath was born in the Tagore family of Jorasanko, in Calcutta (now Kolkata). When viewed against the exceptionally brilliant achievements of his younger brother, Rabindranath Tagore, he loses", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3390509", "chunk_text": "\"Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis\"\n(now in Bangladesh). His grandfather Gurucharan (1833–1916) moved to Calcutta in 1854 and built up a business, starting a chemist shop in 1860. Gurucharan was influenced by Debendranath Tagore (1817–1905), father of the Nobel Prize–winning poet, Rabindranath Tagore. Gurucharan was actively involved in social movements such as the Brahmo Samaj, acting as its Treasurer and President. His house on 210 Cornwallis Street was the centre of the Brahmo Samaj. Gurucharan married a widow, an action against social traditions. Gurucharan's elder son, Subodhchandra (1867–1953), became a distinguished educator after studying physiology at Edinburgh University. He was elected as a Fellow of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17962273", "chunk_text": "\"Tourist attractions in West Bengal\"\nBeing home to notable people like Rabindranath Tagore, Asia's first Nobel laureate and composer of India's national anthem and Swami Vivekananda, a key figure in introducing Vedanta and Yoga in Europe and USA there houses and residencies like Shantiniketan and Jorasanko Thakur Bari are world famous and attract many tourists. West Bengal also has a long tradition of popular literature, music and drama largely based on Bengali folklore and Hindu epics and Puranas. Kolkata, the state capital city, was also the workplace of several social reformers, like Raja Ram Mohan Ray, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar, and Swami Vivekananda. These social reforms", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14820659", "chunk_text": "Midnapore\nRabindranath Tagore, Asia's first Nobel Prize winner, was headmaster of the Zila School in 1850. He founded a girls' school, a night school for workers, and a public library. The Rajnarayan Basu Pathagar library is still in existence near Golkuar Chowk. Not only Hindu activists, but also Muslim statesmen originated or spent time in Midnapore. Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy Second Chief Minister of Bengal during British Period, Prominent member of Awami league, a prominent political party in Bangladesh, and the fifth Prime Minister of Pakistan, hailed from a prominent family of Midnapore. The Mallick Zamindars also ruled over an extensively large", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6317350", "chunk_text": "\"Mrinal Datta Chaudhuri\"\nFranco Modigliani and Kenneth Arrow and mingle with Joseph Stiglitz and George Akerlof, who would also go on to win Nobel Prize later. Datta-Chaudhuri secured his PhD in Economics in 1966 and returned to India the same year to start his career at the Indian Statistical Institute to work for the next two years there as well as at Jadavpur University. He moved to Delhi School of Economics in 1968, reportedly on invitation from K. N. Raj, the author of the introductory chapter of the first Five Year Plan of India, as a professor of Economics and worked there till", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19456458", "chunk_text": "\"University of Calcutta\"\nNobel laureates, namely Ronald Ross (Medicine), Rabindranath Tagore (Literature), C. V. Raman (Physics), and Amartya Sen (Economics). The university has the highest number of students who have cleared the doctoral entrance eligibility exam in Natural Science & Arts conducted by Government of India's National Eligibility Test to become eligible to pursue research with a full scholarship awarded by the Government of India. The Calcutta University Act came into force on 24 January 1857 and a 41-member Senate was formed as the policy making body of the university. The land for the establishment of this university was given by Maharaja Maheshwar", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "21014001", "chunk_text": "\"Alasinga Perumal\"\nthe Parliament. In December 1892 Swami Vivekananda went to Madras and was staying at the house of Manmathanath Bhattacharya, the first Indian accountant-general of the city. Very soon Vivekananda was introduced to the public of the city at the Triplicane literary society. Alasinga was an active member of this society. He heard Vivekananda's lecture and felt that he was right candidate to represent them in Chicago. Alasinga met Vivekananda, they talked, shared their views, their opinions on Vedanta and their motherland and informed Vivekananda about their plans. Vivekananda agreed to visit America as a representative of India (Vivekananda had already", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5486939", "chunk_text": "\"Chidambara Chandrasekaran\"\nChidambara Chandrasekaran Chidambara Chandrasekaran (1911–2000) was noted Indian demographer and statistician, was educated in India, UK and the US. He graduated from Morris College, Nagpur, with a B.Sc. degree, followed by a M.Sc. degree from the Nagpur University, and a PhD degree in Statistics from University College London in 1938. He was also awarded an MPH degree from Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health in 1947. Note that in some publications his name is spelled as \"\"Chandra Sekar\"\". He was related to two Nobel Prize winners: C. V. Raman was his uncle and Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar was his cousin.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18754811", "chunk_text": "\"Amiya Charan Banerjee\"\nAmiya Charan Banerjee Amiya Charan Banerjee () (23 January 1891 – 31 May 1968) was an Indian mathematician. His father Gyan Chandra Banerjee was a meritorious student of Presidency College and was a class mate of Narendranath Dutta (later Swami Vivekananda) when they studied law. He belonged to the zemindar family of Maheshtala in 24 Parganas district, now in West Bengal. While a student he was attracted to the Brahmo Samaj, after listening to some of the speeches of Keshub Chunder Sen. When he converted to Brahmo Samaj, his father tried to get him back to the house by force", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18304078", "chunk_text": "\"Satyendranath Tagore\"\nand was an authority on music, particularly Rabindrasangeet. She was vice-chancellor of Viswa Bharati University. She was married to Pramatha Chowdhury, the noted Bengali author. Supriyo Tagore, the longest serving principal of Santiniketan Patha Bhavan, is one of his great-grandsons and Ishita Das, a principal of the Calcutta Patha Bhavan, is one of his great-granddaughters. Satyendranath Tagore Satyendranath Tagore (; ; ) (1 June 1842 – 9 January 1923) was the first Indian to join the Indian Civil Service. He was an author, song composer, and linguist, and made a significant contribution towards the emancipation of women in Indian society", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7462605", "chunk_text": "\"Institute of Economic Growth\"\nStatistical Service, NABARD, and university faculty. It also conducts talks, dissertations and seminars and has hosted many renowned scholars such as Nobel Laureates Elinor Ostrom and Amartya Sen, Ronald Dore, Yujiro Hayami, Jan Breman and Nicolas Stern. IEG campus is a sprawling one, covering 7.5 acres of land and is home to the main office building, library, and residential buildings. The campus also accommodates a fitness centre, outdoor and indoor recreational facilities, seminar hall, children's park and play area for kids. IEG maintains a library, well stocked with 1,31,000 accessioned documents such as books, monographs, workshop papers, proceedings of conferences,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17415299", "chunk_text": "\"Mukul Dey\"\nMukul Dey's works are found in the collections of the Victoria and Albert Museum, London, the Indian Museum, Kolkata, the National Gallery of Modern Art NGMA in Mumbai, and the National Gallery of Art, New Delhi. The Mukul Dey Archives are housed at Mukul Dey's former home, named Chitralekha, at Santiniketan. He was also the illustrator for many book projects, one of his earliest was a scholarly book \"\"Shantiniketan Bolpur School of Rabindranath Tagore\"\", which he illustrated for the later Nobel Prize winner in 1916. Mukul Dey Mukul Chandra Dey () (23 July 1895 – 1 March 1989) was one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11558497", "chunk_text": "\"Calcutta Mathematical Society\"\nCalcutta Mathematical Society The Calcutta Mathematical Society (CalMathSoc) is an association of professional mathematicians dedicated to the interests of mathematical research and education in India. The Society has its head office located at Kolkata, India. Calcutta Mathematical Society was established on 6 September 1908 under the stewardship of Sir Asutosh Mookerjee, the then Vice-Chancellor of Calcutta University. He was the founder president of the Society, and was assisted by Sir Gurudas Banerjee, Prof. C.E. Cullis and Prof. Gauri Sankar Dey as Vice Presidents and Prof. Phanindra Lal Ganguly as the Founder Secretary of the organization. It is said that the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1613352", "chunk_text": "\"Samir Roychoudhury\"\nfamily where her father Dr.Kishori Mohan Bandyopadhyay was a fellow researcher and an assistant of Ronald Ross, Nobel prize winner for discovering the causes of malaria. Right from childhood Samir was thus in the company of people who could groom for his later literary achievements. Samir studied at City College, Calcutta, where he found as his classmates, Dipak Majumdar, Sunil Gangopadhyay and Ananda Bagchi, who were preparing to start an exclusive poetry magazine, named \"\"Krittibas\"\" (1953). Samir became an active member of the group. Sunil Gangopadhyay's first collection of poems \"\"Eka Ebong Koyekjan\"\" was funded and published by Samir. However,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10561227", "chunk_text": "\"Abhijit Banerjee\"\nPolicy Research, an international research fellow of the Kiel Institute, fellow at the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a fellow at the Econometric Society. He also has been a Guggenheim Fellow and an Alfred P. Sloan Fellow. He is the co-author of \"\"Poor Economics\"\". Banerjee was born in Kolkata, India, to Nirmala Banerjee, a professor of economics at the Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta, and Dipak Banerjee, a professor and the head of the Department of Economics at Presidency College, Calcutta. He attended South Point School and Presidency College, Calcutta, where he completed his B.S. degree", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6226078", "chunk_text": "\"Subrahmanya Bhoothalingam\"\nSubrahmanya Bhoothalingam Subrahmanya Bhoothalingam OBE, IAS, ICS (22 February 1909 - 28 November 1990) was an Indian economist and civil servant who was instrumental in establishing India's steel industry. He successively served as Secretary (Commerce and Industry), Secretary (Iron and Steel) and Finance Secretary of India. Bhoothalingam was born in the salute state of Travancore. After completing a B.A. (Economics) at Caius College, Cambridge, he joined the Indian Civil Service in October 1931. Beginning his career in the then Madras Presidency of British India as an assistant collector and magistrate, he was successively promoted to sub-collector and joint magistrate in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18606028", "chunk_text": "\"Muhammad Yunus\"\nsocial business, working in the field of poverty alleviation and sustainability. It is 'aimed primarily at promoting and disseminating Professor Yunus' philosophy, with a special focus on social business' and currently chaired by Prof. Muhammad Yunus. Muhammad Yunus Muhammad Yunus (; born 28 June 1940) is a Bangladeshi social entrepreneur, banker, economist, and civil society leader who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for founding the Grameen Bank and pioneering the concepts of microcredit and microfinance. These loans are given to entrepreneurs too poor to qualify for traditional bank loans. In 2006, Yunus and the Grameen Bank were jointly awarded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13997340", "chunk_text": "\"Nobel Prize\"\n₹73,800,000.) Medals made before 1980 were struck in 23 carat gold, and later in 18 carat green gold plated with a 24 carat gold coating. The prize is not awarded posthumously; however, if a person is awarded a prize and dies before receiving it, the prize may still be presented. A prize may not be shared among more than three individuals, although the Nobel Peace Prize can be awarded to organizations of more than three people. Alfred Nobel () was born on 21 October 1833 in Stockholm, Sweden, into a family of engineers. He was a chemist, engineer, and inventor.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20491392", "chunk_text": "\"Mira Datta Gupta\"\nMira Datta Gupta Mira Datta Gupta () (5 October, 1907 - 18 January, 1983) was a well-known freedom fighter, social worker, educationist, politician and activist on women's issues in Calcutta, India. She was a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) in Bengal and then West Bengal for twenty years from 1937 to 1957, firstly representing Women's constituency in 1937, and then Bhowanipore from 1952 to 1957. She was the first MLA from Bhowanipore. She was the daughter of Sarat Datta Gupta, IAAS, Accountant General of India (\"\"retd.\"\") and Sarajubala Datta Gupta (née Sen). She was born on 5 October at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3386902", "chunk_text": "\"Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar\"\nC. V. Raman, who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930. He became a naturalized citizen of the U.S. in 1953. Many considered him as warm, positive, generous, unassuming, meticulous, and open to debate, while some others as private, intimidating, impatient and stubborn regarding non-scientific matters, and unforgiving to those who ridiculed his work. Chandrasekhar was born on 19 October 1910 in Lahore, Punjab, British India (now Pakistan) in a Tamil Hindu family, to Sitalakshmi (Divan Bahadur) Balakrishnan (1891–1931) and Chandrasekhara Subrahmanya Ayyar (1885–1960) who was stationed in Lahore as Deputy Auditor General of the Northwestern Railways at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20641790", "chunk_text": "\"Swapan Chattopadhyay\"\nhe was the beneficiary of the gifted mentorship of the school's legendary physics teacher, Pramatha Nath Patra. Chattopadhyay completed his B.Sc. degree from Calcutta University in 1970, with Honors in Physics, graduating from St. Xavier's College, a well known institution run by the early Jesuit clergy in India, which also boasts of having graduated the famous Indian scientist Prof. Jagadish Chandra Bose and Indian steel tycoon Laxmi Mittal. Caught in the turmoil of the politically vibrant and active university community in the city of Calcutta in the state of West Bengal in the late 1960s and early 1970s, he circumvented", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7631969", "chunk_text": "Bengalis\nCalcutta and predominantly led by upper caste Bengali Hindus under the patronage of the British Raj who created a reformed religion called Brahmo dharma. The Bengal renaissance can be said to have started with reformer and humanitarian Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1775–1833), considered the \"\"Father of the Bengal Renaissance\"\", and ended with Asia's first Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941), although there have been many stalwarts thereafter embodying particular aspects of the unique intellectual and creative output. Nineteenth-century Bengal was a unique blend of religious and social reformers, scholars, literary giants, journalists, patriotic orators and scientists, all merging to form the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13768604", "chunk_text": "\"Rabindranath Tagore\"\nRabindranath Tagore Rabindranath Tagore FRAS (; 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941), sobriquet Gurudev, was a Bengali polymath from the Indian subcontinent, a poet, musician and artist. He reshaped Bengali literature and music, as well as Indian art with Contextual Modernism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Author of \"\"Gitanjali\"\" and its \"\"profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse\"\", he became in 1913 the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. Tagore's poetic songs were viewed as spiritual and mercurial; however, his \"\"elegant prose and magical poetry\"\" remain largely unknown outside Bengal. He is sometimes referred", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20306296", "chunk_text": "\"Narendra Chandra Dutta\"\nNarendra Chandra Dutta Narendra Chandra Dutta () (25 November 1878 – 15 April 1962) was an Indian banker, founder of Comilla Banking Corporation and later the prime mover behind the incorporation of the United Bank of India. Dutta was born to Mahesh Chandra Dutta in Kalikachchha, in the district of Tipperah. His father died when he was only nine months old. His mother struggled to bring him up and then had a live a life of penury. He graduated in law from the Ripon College in Calcutta in 1905. He began his practice in the civil court at Comilla and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1912160", "chunk_text": "\"Ashutosh Mukherjee\"\nCalcutta. He was often called \"\"\"\"Banglar Bagh\"\"\"\" (\"\"Tiger of Bengal\"\") for his high self-esteem, courage, academic integrity and a general intransigent attitude towards the British Government. Ashutosh Mukherjee was born on 29 June 1864 at Bowbazar, Kolkata to Jagattarini Devi and Ganga Prasad Mukhopadhyaya, a well-known doctor who founded the South Sub Urban School in Calcutta. Among his ancestors were several distinguished Sanskrit scholars, including Pandit Ramchandra Tarkalankar, a professor of \"\"nyaya\"\" who had been appointed by Warren Hastings to that chair at the Sanskrit College in Kolkata. Brought up in an atmosphere of science and literature at home, young", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10687820", "chunk_text": "\"Rajendra Nath Mookerjee\"\nRajendra Nath Mookerjee Sir Rajen Mookerjee (or Sir Rajendra Nath Mookerjee) (23 June 1854–15 May 1936) was a pioneering Bengali Indian industrialist. Rajendra Nath Mookerjee was raised by his mother after his father died when he was six. He studied engineering for three years at present day Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur then located at Presidency College, Calcutta. He started as a contractor and later earned fame as an engineer and businessman. Along with Sir Thomas Acquin Martin, he founded Martin & Co. and contributed to the success of Bengal Iron at Kulti. Undertaken Burn & Company", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11068168", "chunk_text": "\"Richard Stone\"\nand his daughter Caroline. Richard Stone Sir John Richard Nicholas Stone (30 August 1913 – 6 December 1991) was an eminent British economist, educated at Westminster School, Cambridge University (Caius and King's), who in 1984 received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for developing an accounting model that could be used to track economic activities on a national and, later, an international scale. Richard Stone was born in London, UK on 30 August 1913. He received an English upper middle class education when he was a child as he attended Cliveden Place and Westminster School. However, he had not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19319891", "chunk_text": "\"Prasanna Kumar Roy\"\nof five children, two sons, namely Akshay Kumar Bose and Jagat Kishore Bose, and three daughters, being Kamala Dutt (married to B.C. Dutt, Accountant General of Bombay), Manorama Bose (a single woman; principal of Rani Birla College for Girls, Kolkata, and briefly Chief Inspector of Women's Education in West Bengal) and Anila Khastgir (married to Satish Ranjan Khastgir, Khaira Professor of Physics at Calcutta University). Prasanna Kumar Roy Prasanna Kumar Roy (1849 – 1932; better known as Dr. P.K. Roy) was an educationist and the first Indian to be the principal of Presidency College, Kolkata. The son of Shyam Sundar", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18605956", "chunk_text": "\"Muhammad Yunus\"\nMuhammad Yunus Muhammad Yunus (; born 28 June 1940) is a Bangladeshi social entrepreneur, banker, economist, and civil society leader who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for founding the Grameen Bank and pioneering the concepts of microcredit and microfinance. These loans are given to entrepreneurs too poor to qualify for traditional bank loans. In 2006, Yunus and the Grameen Bank were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize \"\"for their efforts through microcredit to create economic and social development from below\"\". The Norwegian Nobel Committee said that \"\"lasting peace cannot be achieved unless large population groups find ways in which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9943339", "chunk_text": "\"Visva-Bharati University\"\na list of alumni that includes Nobel-winning economist Amartya Sen, globally renowned filmmaker Satyajit Ray and the country's leading art historian R. Siva Kumar, to name just a few.\"\" The origins of this eminent university date back to 1863 when Maharshi Debendranath Tagore, the \"\"zamindar\"\" of Silaidaha in East Bengal, was given a tract of land by Babu Sitikanta Sinha, the zamindar of Raipur, which is a neighbouring village not far from Bolepur and present-day Santiniketan and set up an \"\"ashram\"\" at the spot that has now come to be called \"\"chatim tala\"\" at the heart of the town. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17250089", "chunk_text": "\"Rabindra Bharati University\"\nUniversity has the central and larger share. The main administrative office is also situated at the Emerald Bower Campus. The university was reconstituted in 1981 by the Rabindra Bharati Act, 1981. The Jorasanko Thakur Bari is the ancestral home of the Tagore family, located at campus. It is the house in which the poet and first non-European Nobel laureate, Rabindranath Tagore was born. It is also the place where he spent most of his childhood and died on 7 August 1941. Certificate courses, Diploma courses, Undergraduate Degree Courses, Postgraduate Degree Courses, Research/Doctoral-Level Courses and Distance Courses. Some of the other", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13084546", "chunk_text": "\"Hirendranath Mukherjee\"\nHirendranath Mukherjee Hirendranath Mukhopadhyay (23 November 1907 – 30 July 2004), also known as Hiren Mukerjee, was an Indian politician, lawyer and academic. He was a member of the Communist Party of India having joined in 1936 when it was still illegal. He was elected to the Lok Sabha the lower house of the Indian Parliament from the Calcutta North East constituency in 1951, 1957, 1962, 1967 and 1971. He was awarded the second highest civilian honour Padma Vibhushan by Government of India in 1991, earlier he was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1990. He was a profound and passionate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3336	when did the tv show the waltons first air?	n/a	[ "September 1972" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6010734", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nwhich Warner owned. Warner Bros. acquired Lorimar in 1989, and has continued to syndicate the series ever since. Reruns currently air in the U.S. on INSP, the Hallmark Channel. In Canada, \"\"The Waltons\"\" airs on Vision TV and BookTelevision. In the UK, the series was broadcast on BBC 1 and BBC 2 during the 1970s/1980s - the first three seasons were broadcast on BBC 2 from February 18, 1974 to May 17, 1976, on Mondays at 20.00 GMT, and seasons 4 and 5 were shown on BBC 1 from September 5, 1976 to August 30, 1977, on Sundays at 16.10", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17444188", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nThe Waltons The Waltons is an American television series created by Earl Hamner Jr., based on his book \"\"Spencer's Mountain\"\" and a 1963 film of the same name, about a family in rural Virginia during the Great Depression and World War II. The television movie The Homecoming: A Christmas Story was broadcast on December 19, 1971. Based on its success, the CBS television network ordered one season of episodes based on the same characters and that became the television series \"\"The Waltons\"\". Beginning in September 1972, the series subsequently aired on CBS for nine seasons. After the series was canceled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17444190", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nThe year 1933 is suggested by a reference to the opening of the Century of Progress exposition in Chicago, a brief shot of an automobile registration, and it is divulged in episode 18 that the date is in the spring of 1933. The last episode of season one, \"\"An Easter Story\"\", is set in February–April 1934. The year 1934 takes two seasons to cover, while some successive years are covered over the course of a few months. The series finale, \"\"The Revel\"\", revolves around a party and the invitation date is given as June 4, 1946. A span of 13", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17444210", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nin 1976 and Tuesdays at 19.00 through 1977. After that, seasons 6-9 would be broadcast on BBC 2 again, starting on April 30, 1979 and concluding in April 1983. The three reunion TV movies filmed in 1982 were also shown on BBC 2 from December 21 to December 28, 1983. The show was repeated on Channel 4 in the 1990s. It currently airs on True Entertainment in the UK. The Waltons The Waltons is an American television series created by Earl Hamner Jr., based on his book \"\"Spencer's Mountain\"\" and a 1963 film of the same name, about a family", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17444189", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nby CBS in 1981, NBC aired three television movie sequels in 1982, with three more in the 1990s on CBS. \"\"The Waltons\"\" was produced by Lorimar Productions and distributed by Warner Bros. Domestic Television Distribution in syndication. The main story is set in Walton's Mountain, a fictional mountain-area community in fictitious Jefferson County, Virginia. The real place upon which the stories are based is the community of Schuyler in Nelson County, Virginia. The time period is from 1933 to 1946, during the Great Depression and World War II, during the presidential administrations of Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S Truman.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7235781", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nthe eighth season (she was usually said to be visiting relatives in nearby Buckingham County). Six feature-length movies were made after the series' run; set from 1947 to 1969, they aired between 1982 and 1997. \"\"The Homecoming: A Christmas Story\"\" (1971) was not made as a pilot for a series, but it was so popular that it led to the broadcaster, CBS, initially commissioning one season of episodes based on the same characters, and the result was \"\"The Waltons\"\". Except for the children and Grandma Walton, the actors for the movie were not the same as for the series. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17444191", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nyears is therefore covered in nine seasons. There are some chronological inconsistencies, which ostensibly do not hinder the storyline. The first three reunion movies (\"\"A Wedding on Walton's Mountain\"\", \"\"Mother's Day on Walton's Mountain\"\", and \"\"A Day for Thanks on Walton's Mountain\"\"), all produced in 1982, are set in 1947. Of the later reunions, \"\"A Walton Thanksgiving Reunion\"\", filmed in 1993, is set in 1963, and revolves around President John F. Kennedy's assassination; \"\"A Walton Wedding\"\", made in 1995, is set in 1964; \"\"A Walton Easter\"\", filmed in 1997, is set in 1969. The series began relating stories that occurred", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20608526", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nthe episode \"\"The Pony Cart\"\" (Episode #111). She first appeared in \"\"The Waltons\"\" episode \"\"The Conflict\"\" (Episode #51) as the widow of Zeb Walton's brother. The series itself earned a Peabody Award for its first season. In 2013, \"\"TV Guide\"\" ranked \"\"The Waltons\"\" No. 34 on its list of the 60 Best Series of All Time. In 2017, from March 20 to March 24 INSP network remembered the life of Earl Hamner Jr. (who had died in 2016) by featuring clips of interviews (once per episode) with him about his time involved with \"\"The Waltons\"\" during the breaks while its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6010717", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\n38 years in the past and ended with its last reunion show set 28 years in the past. The story is about the family of John Walton Jr. (known as John-Boy): his six siblings, his parents John and Olivia Walton, and the elder John's parents Zebulon \"\"Zeb\"\" and Esther Walton. John-Boy is the oldest of the children (17 years old in the beginning), who becomes a journalist and novelist. Each episode is narrated at the opening and closing by a middle-aged John Jr. (voiced by author Earl Hamner on whom John-Boy is based). John Sr. manages to eke out a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19110223", "chunk_text": "\"The Montefuscos\"\nup in a real Italian family, this shameful piece of burlesque will have you writhing in disbelief.\"\" \"\"The Montefuscos\"\" was slated to air opposite the first half-hour of \"\"The Waltons\"\" on CBS and \"\"Barney Miller\"\" on ABC. It debuted along with \"\"Fay\"\" and \"\"Medical Story\"\" on September 4, 1975, just prior to premiere week. Three weeks later on September 25, NBC announced that \"\"The Montefuscos\"\" and \"\"Fay\"\" would be dropped from its primetime schedule after October 23 because of poor showings in the Nielsen ratings. Both shows were the first ones cancelled during the 1975–76 television season. ABC Television president", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6010722", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\n(reflecting Ellen Corby's real-life stroke and the death of Will Geer, the actors who portrayed the characters). During the series' last few years, Mary Ellen and Ben start their own families; Erin, Jason and John-Boy are married in later television movie sequels. Conversely, the younger children Jim-Bob and Elizabeth, struggle to find and cement true love. World War II deeply affects the family. All four Walton boys enlist in the military. Mary Ellen's physician husband, Curtis \"\"Curt\"\" Willard, is sent to Pearl Harbor and is reported to have perished in the Japanese attack on December 7, 1941. Years later, Mary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20608524", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nElizabeth Walton, said in a 2012 interview. However, CBS had enough faith in the show to devise a full-page newspaper ad flanked with the show's positive reviews, urging people to watch the show. This ad was attributed to saving \"\"The Waltons\"\", causing the ratings to radically increase. Ralph Waite was reluctant to audition for the part of John Walton because he didn't want to be tied to a long-running TV series, but his agent persuaded him by saying, \"\"It will never sell. You do the pilot. You pick up a couple of bucks and then you go back to New", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20608525", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nYork.\"\" \"\"The Waltons\"\" won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series in 1973. Also in 1973 Richard Thomas won the Emmy for Lead Actor in a Drama Series. Michael Learned won the Emmy for Lead Actress in a Drama Series three times (1973, 1974, and 1976). Ellen Corby was also a three-time winner in the Supporting Actress category, winning in 1973, 1975, and 1976. Will Geer was awarded the Supporting Actor Emmy in 1975. Veteran actress Beulah Bondi won an Emmy in 1977 for Lead Actress in a Single Performance for her guest appearance as Martha Corrine Walton in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6010732", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nsyndicated reruns aired from 3-5pm and again at 7pm. \"\"The Walton's Reunion Movie Collection\"\": 1. \"\"A Wedding on Walton's Mountain\"\" (1982) 2. \"\"Mother's Day on Walton's Mountain\"\" (1982) 3. \"\"A Day for Thanks on Walton's Mountain\"\" (1982) 4. \"\"A Walton Thanksgiving Reunion\"\" (1993) 5. \"\"A Walton Wedding\"\" (1995) 6. \"\"A Walton Easter\"\" (1997) Warner Home Video has released all nine seasons and six TV movies of \"\"The Waltons\"\" on DVD in Region 1. Seasons 1–4 have been released in Region 2. The pilot movie, \"\"The Homecoming: A Christmas Story\"\", was released by Paramount Home Entertainment. Lorimar produced the series, CBS", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15774550", "chunk_text": "\"The New Land (TV series)\"\nOregon, near Sunriver. Popular singer John Denver sang the theme song for \"\"The New Land\"\". \"\"The New Land\"\" received almost universal acclaim from critics, many of whom compared it favorably with the hit series \"\"The Waltons\"\". In the \"\"Los Angeles Times\"\", reviewer Cecil Smith wrote that \"\"The New Land\"\" \"\"seems to catch the rich, grainy earthiness of pioneer life, of clawing a living out of the hard land with the same effectiveness \"\"The Waltons\"\" mirror the Depression.\"\" \"\"The New Land\"\" premiered on ABC on September 14, 1974. Facing tough competition in its time slot from CBSs \"\"All in the Family\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7235783", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nLead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie (Neal), Outstanding Writing Achievement in Drama - Adaptation (Earl Hamner), and Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Drama - A Single Program (Fielder Cook). The following is a brief summary of the main characters. See main article for a more complete list. Earl Hamner's rural childhood growing up in the unincorporated community of Schuyler, Virginia, provided the basis for the setting and many of the storylines of \"\"The Waltons\"\". His family and the community provided many life experiences which aided in the characters, values, area, and human-interest stories of his books, movies, and television", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6010720", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\ngood-hearted handyman with big plans but little motivation. Jefferson County sheriff Ep Bridges, who fought alongside John in World War I, keeps law and order in Walton's Mountain. The entire family (except for John) attends a Baptist church, of which Olivia and Grandma Esther are the most regular attendees. The church that the Hamners actually attended was Schuyler Baptist Church, near the Hamner homeplace and is still in operation. The church has helped host several events honoring Earl Hamner, Jr., including one in 2014. In the signature scene that closes almost every episode, the family house is enveloped in darkness,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17209871", "chunk_text": "\"Lorimar Television\"\na television producer, co-producing (with Walter Mirisch) successful series such as \"\"The Rat Patrol\"\". Lorimar initially produced made-for-TV movies for the\"\" ABC Movie of the Week\"\". Rich bought the script to an adaptation of Earl Hamner Jr.'s novel \"\"The Homecoming\"\" and subsequently sold the rights to CBS. \"\"The Homecoming: A Christmas Story\"\", airing during the 1971 holiday season, was a ratings success, and served as the pilot for Lorimar's first major hit, \"\"The Waltons\"\", which premiered in 1972. Throughout the 1970s, Lorimar produced a number of hit shows, including \"\"Eight is Enough\"\"; of these, the most popular by far was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13088035", "chunk_text": "\"The Ropers\"\nThe Ropers The Ropers is an American sitcom that aired on ABC from March 13, 1979, to May 22, 1980. It is a spin-off of \"\"Three's Company\"\" and loosely based on the British sitcom \"\"George and Mildred\"\", which was itself a spin-off of \"\"Man About the House\"\", on which \"\"Three's Company\"\" was based. It was taped at CBS Television City in Hollywood, California, where its parent series, \"\"Three's Company\"\", was taping at the time, from February to April 1979 (Season 1) and from July 1979 to February 1980 (Season 2). The series focused on middle-aged couple Stanley (Norman Fell) and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6989285", "chunk_text": "\"Michael Learned\"\nMichael Learned Michael Learned (born April 9, 1939) is an American actress, known for her role as Olivia Walton in the long-running CBS drama series \"\"The Waltons\"\" (1972–1981). She has won a record four Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series; three for \"\"The Waltons\"\" (1973, 1974, 1976), and one for \"\"Nurse\"\" (1982). Learned was born in Washington, D.C., the daughter and oldest child of Elizabeth Duane \"\"Betti\"\" (née Hooper) and Bruce Learned, a diplomat. Her maternal grandfather was an attaché for the United States Embassy in Rome. She lived on a Connecticut farm with her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7235784", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nseries. Hamner provided the voice-over of the older John-Boy, usually heard at the beginning and end of each episode. John-Boy Walton's fictional \"\"alma mater\"\", Boatwright University, is patterned after Richmond College, which became part of the University of Richmond on Boatwright Drive near Westham Station in The West End of Richmond, Virginia, about seventy miles east of Schuyler. The town of Walton's Mountain was built in the rear area of the main lot at Warner Bros. Studios, bordering the Los Angeles River, but the mountain itself was part of the Hollywood Hills range opposite Warner studios in Burbank, California (the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17786117", "chunk_text": "\"Lee Rich\"\nLee Rich Lee Rich (December 19, 1918 – May 24, 2012) was an American film and television producer, who won the 1973 Outstanding Drama Series Emmy award for \"\"The Waltons\"\" as the producer. He is also known as the co-founder and former chairman of Lorimar Television. Among the five Emmy nominated programs Rich produced were the series \"\"Dallas\"\" and \"\"Knots Landing\"\". Rich was born in Cleveland, Ohio on December 19, 1918. He earned a marketing degree from Ohio University in Athens, Ohio. Rich began his career in advertising and ultimately became an industry executive. He served in the Navy as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6010721", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nsave for one, two or three lights in the upstairs bedroom windows. Through voice-overs, two or more characters make some brief comments related to that episode's events, and then bid each other goodnight, after which the lights go out. After completing high school, John-Boy attends fictional Boatwright University (based on the University of Richmond) in the fictional nearby town of Westham. He later goes to New York City to work as a journalist. During the latter half of the 1976–77 season, Grandma Esther Walton suffers a stroke and returns home shortly before the death of her husband, Grandpa Zeb Walton", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8544585", "chunk_text": "\"Lewis Arquette\"\nin 2001 at age 65, due to congestive heart failure. Lewis Arquette Lewis Michael Arquette (December 14, 1935 – February 10, 2001) was an American film actor, writer and producer. Arquette was known for playing J.D. Pickett on the television series, \"\"The Waltons\"\", where he worked from 1978 to 1981. Arquette was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Mildred Nesbitt Le May and actor Cliff Arquette. He was proudly related to explorer Meriwether Lewis, for whom he was named. His family's surname was originally \"\"Arcouet\"\", coming from his partial French-Canadian ancestry. He was a part of the famous Arquette", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13559560", "chunk_text": "\"Jane Wyman\"\nfrom December 1981 to May 1990, was created by Earl Hamner, who had created \"\"The Waltons\"\" a decade earlier. Also starring on the show was an already established character actress, Susan Sullivan, as Angela's niece-in-law, Maggie Gioberti, and the relatively unknown actor Lorenzo Lamas as Angela's irresponsible grandson, Lance Cumson. The on- and off-screen chemistry between Wyman and Lamas helped fuel the series' success. In its first season, \"\"Falcon Crest\"\" was a ratings hit, behind other 1980s prime-time soap operas, such as \"\"Dallas\"\" and \"\"Knots Landing\"\", but initially ahead of rival \"\"Dynasty\"\". Cesar Romero appeared from 1985 to 1987 on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7555241", "chunk_text": "\"Lewis Arquette\"\nLewis Arquette Lewis Michael Arquette (December 14, 1935 – February 10, 2001) was an American film actor, writer and producer. Arquette was known for playing J.D. Pickett on the television series, \"\"The Waltons\"\", where he worked from 1978 to 1981. Arquette was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Mildred Nesbitt Le May and actor Cliff Arquette. He was proudly related to explorer Meriwether Lewis, for whom he was named. His family's surname was originally \"\"Arcouet\"\", coming from his partial French-Canadian ancestry. He was a part of the famous Arquette family, as son of Cliff Arquette and the father of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18418639", "chunk_text": "\"1, 2, 3 Go!\"\n1, 2, 3 Go! 1, 2, 3 Go! is an American filmed children's television series hosted by Jack Lescoulie with Richard Thomas (who would later go on to star in the successful CBS drama series, \"\"The Waltons\"\"); The show also featured Richard Morse, only for the first episode as The Courier, and Joseph Warren, who portrayed Thomas Jefferson in the first episode. The 30-minute educational series was telecast on NBC in 1961-62, opening with this theme song: Each episode had a theme and was narrated by Thomas. The show established that adult and child were on an equal footing, sometimes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11862693", "chunk_text": "\"Earl Hamner Jr.\"\nEarl Hamner Jr. Earl Henry Hamner Jr. (July 10, 1923 – March 24, 2016) was an American television writer and producer (sometimes credited as Earl Hamner), best known for his work in the 1970s and 1980s on the long-running series \"\"The Waltons\"\" and \"\"Falcon Crest\"\". As a novelist, he was best known for \"\"Spencer's Mountain\"\", inspired by his own childhood and formed the basis for both the film of the same name and the television series \"\"The Waltons\"\", for which he provided voice-over narration. Hamner was born July 10, 1923 in Schuyler, Virginia to Doris Marion (née Giannini) and Earl", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4869434", "chunk_text": "\"Fielder Cook\"\nFielder Cook Fielder Cook (March 9, 1923 – June 20, 2003) was an American television and film director, producer, and writer whose 1971 television movie \"\"The Homecoming: A Christmas Story\"\" spawned the series \"\"The Waltons\"\". Born in Atlanta, Georgia, Cook graduated \"\"cum laude\"\" with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Literature from Washington and Lee University, then studied Elizabethan Drama at the University of Birmingham in England. He returned to the United States and began his career in the early days of television, directing multiple episodes of such anthology series as \"\"Lux Video Theater\"\", \"\"The Kaiser Aluminum Hour\"\", \"\"Playhouse 90\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8123420", "chunk_text": "\"Frederic W. Boatwright\"\nIn 1914, under Dr. Boatwright's leadership, the College moved from the Fan district of downtown Richmond to its current West End campus. Boatwright Memorial Library, opened in 1955 on the school's campus, is named in his honor. Earl Hamner, creator of the hit CBS-TV series \"\"The Waltons\"\", attended Richmond College during Boatwright's tenure, and named the fictional Boatwright University where the character of John-Boy Walton attended college after him. Frederic W. Boatwright Frederic W. Boatwright (January 28, 1868 – October 31, 1951) was president of Richmond College, now the University of Richmond, from 1895 to 1946. Born in White Sulphur", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14370863", "chunk_text": "\"Hatton Ferry\"\noperated the ferry until 1940 when it was taken over by the Virginia Department of Highways. A new ferry was built by the Virginia Department of Transportation, and it was rededicated in September 1973. The dedication ceremonies included actor Richard Thomas, who played the character John-Boy Walton on the TV series, \"\"The Waltons\"\", and Mrs. Doris Hamner, the mother of Waltons creator and writer Earl Hamner, Jr., who lived at nearby Schuyler provided the basis for the fictional stories. The Hatton Ferry is the last poled ferry in the United States. With most regular traffic crossing the river nearby using", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1097851", "chunk_text": "\"Waltons (band)\"\nband hoped to be sued by the producers of the television series \"\"The Waltons\"\" for the free publicity. They released two independent demo cassettes, \"\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>89 Demonstrations\"\" and \"\"Demo Sandwich\"\", in 1989 and 1990, before moving to Toronto, Ontario in 1991. They released their debut album, \"\"Lik My Trakter\"\" (\"\"like my tractor\"\") independently in 1991. That year, they were nominated for two CFNY-FM CASBY Awards for Most Promising Band and Best Western Canadian Band. They signed to Warner Music Canada, which rereleased \"\"Lik My Trakter\"\" in 1992. Todd Lumley also joined the band that year, playing keyboards and accordion. The album", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13446722", "chunk_text": "\"The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet\"\nwas canceled or not. The unprecedented contract and Ozzie's insistence on perfection in the series' production paid off in the series' remarkable longevity. \"\"The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet\"\" premiered on ABC on October 10, 1952, staying until April 23, 1966; in 1962, it became the first prime-time scripted series on American television to reach the 10-year milestone. The series strove for realism and featured exterior shots of the Nelsons' actual southern California home at 1822 Camino Palmero Street in Los Angeles as the fictional Nelsons' home. Interior shots were filmed on a Hollywood Center Studios sound stage recreated to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16237736", "chunk_text": "\"David Doremus\"\n\"\"Nanny and the Professor\"\", which aired on ABC as the \"\"Saturday Superstar Movie\"\" in limited showings in 1972 and 1973. In 1972, Doremus, at the age of fourteen, was cast as G.W. Haines, boyfriend of Mary Ellen Walton (Judy Norton Taylor) & later Erin Walton (Mary Beth McDonough) in the series \"\"The Waltons\"\". Doremus appeared through November 10, 1977. In the episode \"\"The First Casualty\"\", his character died in a training accident in the early phase of World War II. Doremus appeared on NBC's \"\"Bonanza\"\" in 1972. His last role was in 1981 as Chuck in the film \"\"Rivals\"\" on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7235786", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nfall 1972 schedule in response to congressional hearings on the quality of television. Backlash from a 1971 decision to purge most rural-oriented shows from the network lineup may have also been a factor. The network gave \"\"The Waltons\"\" an undesirable timeslot – Thursdays at 8 p.m., opposite two popular programs: \"\"The Flip Wilson Show\"\" on NBC and \"\"The Mod Squad\"\" on ABC. \"\"The rumor was that they put it against \"\"Flip Wilson\"\" and \"\"The Mod Squad\"\" because they didn't think it would survive. They thought, 'We can just tell Congress America doesn't want to see this',\"\" Kami Cotler, who played", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18608906", "chunk_text": "\"Fred Silverman\"\nFred Silverman Fred Silverman (born September 13, 1937) is an American television executive and producer. He worked as an executive at all of the Big Three television networks, and was responsible for bringing to television such programs as the series \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" (1969–present), \"\"All in the Family\"\" (1971–1979), \"\"The Waltons\"\" (1972–1981), and \"\"Charlie's Angels\"\" (1976–1981), as well as the miniseries \"\"Rich Man, Poor Man\"\" (1976), \"\"Roots\"\" (1977) and \"\"Shōgun\"\" (1980). For his success in programming wildly popular shows, \"\"Time\"\" magazine declared him \"\"the man with the Golden gut\"\" in 1977. Silverman was born in New York City, the son of a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7980004", "chunk_text": "\"Walton family\"\nWalton family The Walton family is an American family whose collective fortune makes them the richest family in the United States and among the richest in the world. The majority of their wealth derives from the heritage of Bud and Sam Walton, who were the co-founders of the world's largest retailer, Walmart. The three most prominent living members (Jim, Rob and Alice) have consistently been in the top twenty of the \"\"Forbes\"\" 400 since 2001, as were John ( 2005) and Helen (d. 2007) prior to their deaths. Christy Walton took her husband John's place in that ranking after his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8731856", "chunk_text": "\"Wilford Brimley\"\nin Greybull, Wyoming and Santa Clara, Utah. In 2009, they founded nonprofit organization Hands Across the Saddle (HATS) in the Big Horn Basin. Brimley's onscreen breakthrough came when he was cast in the popular 1970s television series \"\"The Waltons\"\" as Walton's Mountain resident Horace Brimley; he made seven appearances between 1974 and 1977. His first credited feature film performance was in \"\"The China Syndrome\"\" (1979) as Ted Spindler, a friend and coworker of plant shift supervisor Jack Godell (portrayed by Jack Lemmon). Later, Brimley made a brief, but pivotal, appearance in \"\"Absence of Malice\"\" (1981) as the curmudgeonly, outspoken Assistant", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "681649", "chunk_text": "\"WKRP in Cincinnati\"\n(Venus Flytrap), Jan Smithers (Bailey Quarters), Richard Sanders (Les Nessman) and Frank Bonner (Herb Tarlek). The series won a Humanitas Prize and received 10 Emmy Award nominations, including three for Outstanding Comedy Series. Andy Ackerman won an Emmy Award for Videotape Editing in season 3. \"\"WKRP\"\" premiered September 18, 1978, on the CBS television network, and aired for four seasons and 90 episodes through April 21, 1982. Starting in the middle of the second season, CBS repeatedly moved the show around its schedule, contributing to lower ratings and its eventual cancellation. When \"\"WKRP\"\" went into syndication, it became an unexpected", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6989293", "chunk_text": "\"Michael Learned\"\nthe time she was cast in \"\"The Waltons\"\", she had \"\"hit rock bottom\"\". Then, at age 32, Learned realized she was an alcoholic. Taking herself to ex-husband Peter Donat's cabin on the California coast, she decided to \"\"get sober\"\" and that her time there was the beginning of a spiritual journey. Learned further stated in the article that she has been sober since 1977. Michael Learned Michael Learned (born April 9, 1939) is an American actress, known for her role as Olivia Walton in the long-running CBS drama series \"\"The Waltons\"\" (1972–1981). She has won a record four Primetime Emmy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16106362", "chunk_text": "\"Laverne & Shirley\"\na spin-off series for Carmine, who was shown moving to New York City to star in the Broadway show \"\"Hair\"\". Laverne was only to be seen at the beginning and end of the episode. The spin-off never materialized. \"\"Laverne & Shirley\"\" premiered in the 1975–76 TV season, with its first episode airing in January 1976. By its third season, it had become the most-watched American television program. In August, 1979, before the start of its fifth season, \"\"Laverne & Shirley\"\" was moved to Thursdays at 8 pm opposite \"\"The Waltons\"\" on CBS and \"\"Buck Rogers in the 25th Century\"\" on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17870509", "chunk_text": "\"Walton family\"\ndeath. , the Waltons collectively owned 50.8 percent of the company. In May 2018, the annual Sunday Times Rich List indicated the Walton family's wealth is at $US174.9 billion. The Walton family fortune breaks down as follows: Walton family The Walton family is an American family whose collective fortune makes them the richest family in the United States and among the richest in the world. The majority of their wealth derives from the heritage of Bud and Sam Walton, who were the co-founders of the world's largest retailer, Walmart. The three most prominent living members (Jim, Rob and Alice) have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2962425", "chunk_text": "\"Tom Byrd\"\nGodsey, the wife of storekeeper Ike Godsey (Joe Conley) in Hamner's \"\"The Waltons\"\", played Boone's \"\"Aunt Dolly\"\". Other stars on \"\"Boone\"\" included Elizabeth Huddle, as Boone's mother, William Edward Phipps as Uncle Link Sawyer, the husband of Aunt Dolly, Faye Sawyer, Andrew Prine as A.W. Holly, Julie Anne Haddock as Amanda, Robyn Lively as Banjo, and Amanda Peterson as Squirt Sawyer. Ten episodes aired in the fall of 1983, and three remaining segments were broadcast in late July and early August 1984. Byrd's first television appearance was in 1981 on ABC's situation comedy \"\"Laverne & Shirley\"\" in the episode entitled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7235782", "chunk_text": "\"The Waltons\"\nmusical score was by Oscar-winning composer Jerry Goldsmith (Goldsmith also scored several episodes of the first season, but the producers believed his TV movie theme was too gentle and requested he write a new theme for the series) and was later released on an album by Film Score Monthly paired with James Horner's score for the 1982 TV movie \"\"Rascals and Robbers: The Secret Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn\"\". Patricia Neal (as Olivia) won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Television Series Drama. The movie was also nominated for three Emmys: Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17871979", "chunk_text": "\"Bud Walton\"\nBud Walton James Lawrence “Bud” Walton (December 20, 1921 – March 21, 1995) was the brother of Sam Walton and co-founder of Walmart. James Lawrence \"\"Bud\"\" Walton was born to Thomas Gibson Walton and Nancy “Nannie” Lee Lawrence Walton on December 20, 1921, in Kingfisher, Oklahoma. His father worked as a farm appraiser and mortgage agent. The family moved often because of Thomas Walton's job. When he was 2 years old, his family moved from Oklahoma to Springfield, Missouri. The Walton family later lived in Marshall, Shelbina, and Columbia, Missouri. Growing up in the Great Depression, Bud Walton and his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18047114", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Elizabeth McDonough\"\nMary Elizabeth McDonough Mary Elizabeth McDonough (born May 4, 1961) is an American actress, best known for her role as Erin Walton on \"\"The Waltons\"\" from 1972 to 1981. In 1988, she married Rob Wickstrom, with whom she has a daughter, Sydnee. The couple divorced in 1996. She has lupus erythematosus, claimed to be from leaking silicone breast implants. In the 2000s, she returned to television acting, guest-starring on \"\"Boston Legal\"\" and \"\"The New Adventures of Old Christine\"\". McDonough is a radio guest and has been on international and syndicated shows such as \"\"Get Focused Radio\"\" with Kate Hennessy. She", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17328295", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Wightman\"\nRobert Wightman Robert Wightman is an American actor perhaps best known for replacing Richard Thomas in the role of John-Boy Walton in the TV series \"\"The Waltons\"\". He played the role beginning with the show's eighth season in 1979 until the end of the series in 1981. He also appeared in the role in the TV movie \"\"A Day of Thanks on Walton's Mountain\"\" in 1982. His movie credits include \"\"American Gigolo\"\" and the starring role in \"\"Stepfather III\"\" as the main character of the film, taking over the role originally played by Terry O'Quinn. He has worked often in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18824756", "chunk_text": "\"Joe Conley\"\nJoe Conley Joe Conley (March 3, 1928 – July 7, 2013) was an American actor who played many small roles on television and is most remembered for his role as the storekeeper Ike Godsey in \"\"The Waltons\"\". Joe Conley was born in Buffalo, New York. He started acting after returning from military service in Korea, and was running three real-estate agencies in the San Fernando Valley area of Los Angeles by the early 1970s after beginning this second career in 1961. While acting, he continued to work in real estate and, as a result, became wealthy. By the early 1970s,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18804939", "chunk_text": "\"Spencer's Mountain\"\nbecame the basis for the popular television series \"\"The Waltons\"\", which followed in 1972. The series switched the setting from the film's Wyoming to the novel's Virginia, and placed the action in 1933 during the Great Depression. The series also differed from both the film and novel by playing down many of the adult themes, including alcoholism and infidelity, to suit the standards of early-70s family television. \"\"Spencer's Mountain\"\" was the second of three films co-starring Henry Fonda and Maureen O'Hara. Twenty years earlier they starred in the 1943 war drama \"\"Immortal Sergeant\"\" and, ten years after \"\"Spencer's Mountain\"\", played", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5587798", "chunk_text": "\"Sam Walton\"\nWalmart opened on July 2, 1962, in Rogers, Arkansas. Called the Wal-Mart Discount City store, it was located at 719 West Walnut Street. He launched a determined effort to market American-made products. Included in the effort was a willingness to find American manufacturers who could supply merchandise for the entire Walmart chain at a price low enough to meet the foreign competition. As the Meijer store chain grew, it caught the attention of Walton. He acknowledges that his one-stop-shopping center format was based on Meijer’s innovative concept. Contrary to the prevailing practice of American discount store chains, Walton located stores", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3337	how many pages are in the book inside out and back again?	n/a	[ "263" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14016594", "chunk_text": "\"Inside Out & Back Again\"\nInside Out & Back Again Inside Out & Back Again is a verse novel by Thanhha Lai. The book was awarded the 2011 National Book Award for Young People's Literature and one of the two Newbery Honors. The novel was based on her first year in the United States, as a ten-year-old girl who spoke no English in 1975. Inside Out and Back Again is a story about a young girl named Kim Hà and her family, consisting of her Mother and three brothers, being forced to move to the United States because the Vietnam War had reached their home,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14016596", "chunk_text": "\"Inside Out & Back Again\"\nbook, it mentions that Hà's father, a soldier in the Vietnam war, was captured by the North Vietnamese Army when she was only a year old. In the end, Hà's family figures out that unfortunately, her father had died while in North Vietnamese hands. Hà then gets used to living in the U.S and her family celebrates the new year. She prays for good things to happen to her and her family. The main resolution of the book is family importance. Thanhha Lai had been struggling for fifteen years in order to accurately describe Hà's journey from Vietnam to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14016597", "chunk_text": "\"Inside Out & Back Again\"\nUnited States of America because Hà's journey was special—the fictional character was based on Lai’s own experience at the end of the Vietnam War. In order to avoid embellishing on her memory and risking the ire from the family who was there with her, Lai decided to tell the story of Hà instead. She attempted prose from the first person and the short, detached style of Hemingway. In the end, Lai used free verse because “these phrases reflected what Vietnamese sounded like.” Inside Out & Back Again Inside Out & Back Again is a verse novel by Thanhha Lai. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9062601", "chunk_text": "\"Thanhha Lai\"\nThanhha Lai Thanhha Lai (born 1965) is a Vietnam-born American writer of children's literature. She won the 2011 National Book Award for Young People's Literature and a Newbery Honor for her debut novel, \"\"Inside Out & Back Again\"\", published by HarperCollins. Lai fled Vietnam during the Vietnam War. She then moved to Alabama and graduated from University of Texas, Austin with a degree in journalism and from 1988 worked about two years for the Orange County, California newspaper \"\"The Register\"\", covering Little Saigon, the local Vietnamese community. She earned a Master of Fine Arts from New York University and settled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9062604", "chunk_text": "\"Thanhha Lai\"\nin the States, and finally regains academic and social confidence.\"\" Lai explains, \"\"She felt dumb in Vietnam... For her, being smart equated to confidence that she could manage her world. That’s why she would choose wartime in Saigon over peacetime in Alabama.\"\" In America, the little girl writes, Thanhha Lai Thanhha Lai (born 1965) is a Vietnam-born American writer of children's literature. She won the 2011 National Book Award for Young People's Literature and a Newbery Honor for her debut novel, \"\"Inside Out & Back Again\"\", published by HarperCollins. Lai fled Vietnam during the Vietnam War. She then moved to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8574255", "chunk_text": "\"Inside U.S.A. (book)\"\nmuch longer than originally planned, which presented a problem because paper was in short supply in the postwar period. When published in May 1946, it totaled 979 pages. The first U.S. printing run was more than 500,000 copies, including 35,000 copies for the book's British publishing house, Hamish Hamilton, which was unable to obtain enough paper to print the book in England. The book is divided into 52 chapters, organized by geography. Its geographical structure begins in California, continues through other western states to the Great Plains and Midwest, then east to the Northeast and Southeast, then west to Texas", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5755139", "chunk_text": "\"Administrative Behavior\"\nedition featured a new Introduction, causing the book to contain 48 pages of front matter and 259 pages of body and back matter. The Introduction summarized the book's structure, suggested how practitioners might apply the book's lessons, discussed the concepts of rational behavior and satisficing, commented on specific chapters in the book, and provided recent references. The third edition, which had 50 pages of front matter and 364 pages of body and back matter, placed the original Chapters I-XI and Appendix into a Part I. Its \"\"Part II\"\" consisted of six new chapters (XII through XVII) based on articles that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16478482", "chunk_text": "\"Time and Again (novel)\"\ncalled \"\"Bid Time Return.\"\" The film concerns a young man unhappy with his life as a playwright. He meets a scientist named Dr. Finney whose time travel theory mimics Jack Finney's idea of self-hypnosis in the exact environment of the desired destination time. In July 2012, it was announced that Lionsgate studios optioned the film rights to the novel, with Doug Liman set to direct and produce. A sequel, \"\"From Time to Time\"\" (1995), was published during the final year of the author's life. The book left room for a third novel, apparently never written. In November 1970, Simon Morley,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11551899", "chunk_text": "\"Everybody's Enquire Within\"\n– parts 1 to 26, pp. 1–732; Volume Two – parts 27 to 55, pp. 733–1544. The editor Charles Ray informs in his Introduction that the book contains 10,000 questions and offers 100,000 facts in answer to these questions. He gives the following examples of the questions posed: At a conservative estimate, there are at least 5000 black-and-white photographs, diagrams, drawings and illustrations in the book. Very few of the pages have only one of these (e.g. p. 424), and they mostly have at least two or more of these. Also the estimate does not include the countless illustrations and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14016595", "chunk_text": "\"Inside Out & Back Again\"\nand it was no longer safe. They board a navy ship and flee. Upon spending a couple months at a refugee camp, they end up moving to Alabama. There Hà struggles with learning English and confronting bullies, including one that she nicknamed Pink Boy, at her new school. Hà at one point said, \"\"No one would believe me but at times I would choose wartime in Saigon over peacetime in Alabama.\"\" Eventually, she has pushed through those hard times with the help of their next door neighbor, Mrs. Washington and the support of her family. In the beginning of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6268384", "chunk_text": "\"Under the Volcano\"\nreturn of his wife, Yvonne, who left him the year before, to his violent death at the end of the day. In contrast with the omniscient narrative mode of the 1940 version, the published novel \"\"focus[es] each chapter through the mind of one central figure, no two sequential chapters employing the same character's consciousness\"\". The number of chapters was important numerologically, as Lowry explained in a letter to Johnathan Cape: there are twelve hours in a day (and most of the novel happens in a single day), twelve months in a year (one year elapses between chapter 1 and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17119845", "chunk_text": "\"Finnegans Wake\"\nare complaining about my new work. They cannot understand it. Therefore they say it is meaningless. Now if it were meaningless it could be written quickly without thought, without pains, without erudition; but I assure you that these 20 pages now before us [i.e. chapter I.8] cost me twelve hundred hours and an enormous expense of spirit.\"\" When the editor of \"\"Vanity Fair\"\" asked Joyce if the sketches in \"\"Work in Progress\"\" were consecutive and interrelated, Joyce replied \"\"It is all consecutive and interrelated.\"\" Fargnoli and Gillespie suggest that the book's opening chapter \"\"introduces [the] major themes and concerns of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4296616", "chunk_text": "\"David Ignatius\"\nto continue the story. Over eight weeks, readers sent in their versions of what befalls CIA agents Alex Kassem and Sarah Mancini and voted for their favorite entries. Ignatius chose the winning entry for each round, resulting in a six-chapter Web serial. Winners of the subsequent chapters included Chapter 2, \"\"Sweets for the Sweet,\"\" by Colin Flaherty; Chapter 3, \"\"Abu Talib,\"\" by Jill Borak; Chapter 4, \"\"Go Hard or Go Home,\"\" by Vineet Daga; Chapter 5, \"\"Inside Out,\"\" by Colin Flaherty; and Chapter 6, \"\"Onward!,\"\" by Gina ‘Miel’ Ard. In early 2012 Ignatius served as an adjunct lecturer at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14009540", "chunk_text": "\"Verse novel\"\n2011. Thanhha Lai's \"\"Inside Out & Back Again\"\" (2011) won the National Book Award. Long classical verse narratives were in stichic forms, prescribing a metre but not specifying any interlineal relations. This tradition is represented in English letters by the use of blank verse (unrhymed iambic pentameter), as by both Brownings and many later poets. But since Petrarch and Dante complex stanza forms have also been used for verse narratives, including \"\"terza rima\"\" (ABA BCB CDC etc.) and \"\"ottava rima\"\" (ABABABCC), and modern poets have experimented widely with adaptations and combinations of stanza-forms. The stanza most specifically associated with the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16070656", "chunk_text": "\"Back to Blood\"\nundergraduate athletics, emerging sexuality, and academic integrity. The book was considered disappointing by many critics, and sales were much lower: Nielsen BookScan, which covers roughly 70 percent of book sales, placed hardback sales at 293,000 copies and paperback sales at 138,000. All of Wolfe's essay collections, non-fiction, and fiction had been published by Farrar, Straus & Giroux since his first book \"\"The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby\"\" in 1965. But after the relatively disappointing sales of \"\"I Am Charlotte Simmons\"\", Wolfe was unable to agree on terms for the new novel with his publisher of 42 years. The Associated Press reported", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5423024", "chunk_text": "\"Lost Girls\"\nof each chapter naturally point towards the three \"\"original\"\" authors' books: \"\"The Mirror\"\", \"\"Silver Shoes\"\", \"\"Missing Shadows\"\", \"\"A Vice From a Caterpillar\"\", \"\"Which Dreamed It?\"\", \"\"The Cowardly Lion\"\", \"\"You Won't Forget to Wave?\"\", \"\"Queens Together\"\", \"\"Snicker Snack\"\", etc. Each volume has ten chapters, and each chapter contains eight pages. This format initially derived from its original serialised publication in Stephen R. Bissette's anthology \"\"Taboo\"\", but it also reflects Carroll's multi-layered usage of mathematical allusions and links as there are 8 squares in the length of a chess board (a prominent feature of \"\"Through the Looking-Glass\"\", and the key to becoming", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11706872", "chunk_text": "\"In One Person\"\nIn One Person In One Person is a 2012 novel by American author John Irving, his 13th since 1968. The book was published on May 8, 2012 by Simon & Schuster, and deals with the coming of age of a bisexual man and his coming to grips with his sexual identity. \"\"In One Person\"\" is narrated by central character Billy, a bisexual novelist. Billy's story is told through multiple time periods and shows him initially as a teenager with crushes on the \"\"wrong people,\"\" but also shows his coming of age. Irving came up with the idea of writing a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14635901", "chunk_text": "Blacksad\nand confesses everything, hoping to atone for what he has done. Blacksad returns to New York, eager to get back to work, and water his plants. Meanwhile, in a bathroom stall back in the Chicago Greyhound Bus depot, a well-to-do man finds an abandoned manuscript in the bathroom, and is engrossed in reading it. The American version features an introduction by Neal Adams, who co-translated the book into English. The sixth and seventh volumes were supposed to have been released in French in 2016. English translations will follow but no release date has been confirmed. A 'behind the scenes' book", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9062602", "chunk_text": "\"Thanhha Lai\"\nin New York City, where she teaches at Parsons The New School for Design (on leaving this year). Virginia Wolff interviewed Lai for the January 2010 number of \"\"School Library Journal\"\". She calls \"\"Inside Out\"\" \"\"a powerful story in slender, sinewy prose poems, just a few words in each line.\"\" Hà and her family flee home and meet America's \"\"sharp-edged barriers of color, ethnicity, religion, and custom.\"\" Lai worked for 30 years on an adult novel. In her own words it was \"\"third-person omniscient, spanning 4000 years of Vietnamese history, and whiplashed by hundreds of overly dramatic, showy sentences.\"\" The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15121694", "chunk_text": "Mapback\nkept. The \"\"List of Exciting Chapters\"\" featured chapter titles which were frequently added or changed by Dell editors. Mapbacks were primarily mysteries, but many different sorts of books found their way into this inclusive line. A few oddities were published without a map on the back cover. Dell \"\"War Books\"\" such as #26, \"\"The Raft\"\" and #32, \"\"This Time For Keeps\"\", had back covers which exhorted the reader to \"\"Buy War Bonds and Stamps\"\", as did books of jokes and cartoons such as #38, \"\"Liberty Laughs\"\" and #77, \"\"G.I. Jokes\"\". The rarest mapback of all is #278, \"\"Second Dell Book", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5490891", "chunk_text": "\"R. L. Stine\"\nwriter who later co-founded Parachute Press in 1983. The couple's only child, Matthew (born June 7, 1980) works in the music industry. Both were re-released in 2010 under the name Bitten. The books followed the standard Choose Your Own Adventure formula, but also featured \"\"flagged\"\" choices that were determined by choices earlier in the book. (For example, \"\"If you already have the Unfathomable Pocket of Crowden, turn to page 65; otherwise, turn to page 78.\"\") The books attempted to introduce a further \"\"role-playing game-like\"\" element with the inclusion of randomization to determine events such as the outcome of a battle", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19132859", "chunk_text": "\"Freedom (Safire novel)\"\nmoral dilemmas in the political setting led, step by step, to the Emancipation Proclamation. As compared with other historical novels, \"\"Freedom\"\" is unusual in the volume of detail provided about its sources by the author. In a lengthy appendix, or \"\"underbook\"\" as Safire refers to it, he goes through the novel chapter by chapter, and in some cases line by line, distinguishing fact from fiction, citing his source materials, and weighing the arguments on both sides of various historical controversies. \"\"Freedom\"\" is divided into nine \"\"Books\"\" of 9-25 chapters each, except for Book Nine, which is 47 chapters in length.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5728180", "chunk_text": "Elsewhen\nElsewhen \"\"Elsewhen\"\" (1941) is a science fiction novella by American writer Robert A. Heinlein, concerning time travel and parallel universes. It was first published as \"\"Elsewhere\"\" in the September 1941 issue of \"\"Astounding Science Fiction\"\", under the pen name Caleb Saunders, and was reprinted in the 1953 book \"\"Assignment in Eternity\"\". The story concerns five diverse students who attend a philosophy seminar. The professor explains that he learned how to use his mind to go back in time and correct a bad mistake in his life. Using hypnosis he lets them travel to alternate worlds of their choice. The religious", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3799631", "chunk_text": "\"How and Why Wonder Books\"\nof…\"\" as a key component of the book's name. All 74 volumes were published in a \"\"softcover format\"\", with pages measuring 8½ × 11 inches (21.6 × 27.9 cm) in size. A number of the titles were also produced in hardcover versions, too; these being referred to as either the \"\"Trade Editions\"\" or the \"\"Library Editions.\"\" Each \"\"How and Why Wonder Book\"\" uniformly contained a total of 48 pages, with the only exception being \"\"The Environment and You\"\", which contained 64 pages. The softcover books were numbered consecutively in series starting at 5001 (with the only exception being the final", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "892084", "chunk_text": "\"Twice Through the Heart\"\ndid not want to be disloyal.<br> 3. \"\"Love\"\" — She remembers how she and her husband once loved each other and how things went wrong after their child was born. 4. \"\"By the Sea\"\" — She thinks of how she felt trapped in their house by the sea because she could not talk of his violence.<br> 5. \"\"Inside (part 2)\"\" — She thinks of her husband and of her \"\"heart, broken like bones\"\".<br> 6. \"\"Four Walls\"\" — She is trapped within the four walls of her house, her husband turning down suggestions of holidays and writing instructions for her in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1488994", "chunk_text": "\"Story within a story\"\n\"\"House of Leaves\"\" is the tale of a man who finds a manuscript telling the story of a documentary that may or may not have ever existed, contains multiple layers of plot. The book includes footnotes and letters that tell their own stories only vaguely related to the events in the main narrative of the book, and footnotes for fake books. Robert A. Heinlein's later books (\"\"The Number of the Beast\"\", \"\"The Cat Who Walks Through Walls\"\" and \"\"To Sail Beyond the Sunset\"\") propose the idea that every real universe is a fiction in another universe. This hypothesis enables many", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17544411", "chunk_text": "Chhinnapatra\nContains fifty pages, the scrapbook belongs to Ajay who has written it. The inner reality of his being is presented here through his understanding of himself, his love for Mala, and a few other persons. The complexity of his love, the nuances of his emotion, the pangs of his agony are all depicted here with the help of images and symbols. The appendix of scrapbook explains past as a flashback and ends novel. Joshi has himself considered it as a \"\"a draft of novel\"\" instead of novel. So it rejects conventional canon of novel writing. Two of the critics have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2137899", "chunk_text": "\"Back (novel)\"\nBack (novel) Back is a novel written by British writer Henry Green and published in 1946. The novel tells the story of Charley Summers, a young Englishman who comes back from Germany, where he was detained as a POW for three years after having been wounded in combat in France (possibly in 1939-1940). Summers is repatriated because, due to his wound, his leg had to be amputated. While he was prisoner, Rose, the woman he loved, died, and this adds to the shock Charley suffered because of the mutilation. Moreover, Rose was married to another man, so Charley cannot even", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10498279", "chunk_text": "\"Back to Life (novel)\"\nBack to Life (novel) Back to Life is a 2004 novel, the first book by author Wendy Coakley-Thompson. It was nominated for the 2004 \"\"Romantic Times\"\" magazine's \"\"Best First Multicultural Novel\"\" Award. The title for the book was inspired by the Soul II Soul hit of the same name. Set in 1989 New Jersey, it tells the story of the turbulent interracial relationship of Lisa, who is Black, and Marc, who is Italian-American. The book also explores how incidents in New York City influence the politics and social climate of northern New Jersey. Lisa is facing 30, is three months", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16070655", "chunk_text": "\"Back to Blood\"\nBack to Blood Back to Blood is Tom Wolfe's fourth novel, published by Little, Brown. The novel, set in Miami, Florida, focuses on the subject of Cuban immigrants there. Wolfe's 1998 novel \"\"A Man in Full\"\", about a real-estate mogul in Atlanta during that city's economic boom of the 1990s, was a considerable success. An estimated 1.4 million copies of the book were sold in hardcover alone. Wolfe followed \"\"A Man in Full\"\" with 2004's \"\"I Am Charlotte Simmons\"\", the story of a sheltered teenage girl attending a fictitious prestigious university where she is forced to navigate the world of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5200298", "chunk_text": "Abridgement\nfocus of the book in order to make its audible reading time shorter. A fully abridged audio book can span as little as 4 hours for a book that would span 20 hours unabridged. The easiest content of a fiction book to edit out is back story often provided for characters or story elements that help support the reality of the story for the reader, but do not provide any narrative to the story itself. For example, a passage such as \"\"John sped away in his automobile, a red 1967 Mustang he'd purchased from a junkyard and spent most of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7978570", "chunk_text": "\"The Notebooks of Lazarus Long\"\nThe Notebooks of Lazarus Long The Notebooks of Lazarus Long is a 1978 selection of aphorisms from one of Robert A. Heinlein's main characters (Lazarus Long). These were originally published as two \"\"intermissions\"\" in the 1973 novel \"\"Time Enough for Love\"\". In the context of the novel, these quotes were selected from Long's much longer memoirs (which make up a significant portion of the novel). Some of the phrases are humorous, some philosophical, and some merely quirky. They range in length from one sentence to multiple paragraphs. For example: Cheops' Law: Nothing \"\"ever\"\" gets built on schedule or within budget.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4127448", "chunk_text": "\"Administrative Behavior\"\nSimon had written: For the fourth edition, with 15 pages of front matter and 368 pages of body and back matter, the last word in the subtitle was changed from \"\"Organization\"\" to \"\"Organizations\"\". The fourth edition lacked Barnard's foreword which had been present in the first through third editions. Instead of the third edition's lengthy Introduction and Part II, in the fourth edition the Introduction was briefer and Simon's commentaries followed each chapter of the original text. The text and pagination of the 253 pages of Chapters I-XI and of the Appendix (\"\"What Is an Administrative Science?\"\") were the same", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12940696", "chunk_text": "\"All I Really Need to Know I Learned in Kindergarten\"\nplay, and learning. The book contains fifty short essays, ranging in length from approximately 200 to 1,000 words, which are ruminations on topics ranging from surprises, holidays, childhood, death, and the lives of interesting people including Mother Teresa. In his introduction, Fulghum describes these as having been \"\"written over many years and addressed to friends, family, a religious community, and myself, with no thought of publication in book form.\"\" Although widely published, quoted and cited in other essays, Fulghum's essays (especially the title piece) have also been criticized as trite and saccharine. Fulghum addresses this in an essay in his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5002456", "chunk_text": "\"Choose Your Own Adventure\"\nLikewise, there is no clear pattern among the various titles regarding the number of pages per ending, the ratio of good to bad endings, or the reader's progression backwards and forwards through the pages of the book. This allows for a realistic sense of unpredictability, and leads to the possibility of repeat readings, which is one of the distinguishing features of the books. As the series progressed, both Packard and Montgomery experimented with the gamebook format, sometimes introducing unexpected twists such as endless page loops or trick endings. Examples include the \"\"paradise planet\"\" ending in \"\"Inside UFO 54-40\"\", which can", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "478604", "chunk_text": "\"Inside Out: A Personal History of Pink Floyd\"\nand the Syd Barrett–led psychedelic era of the late 1960s through their success in the 1970s to the present day, via the acrimonious splits of the 1980s. As of 2005, a new paperback version was available, now including an updated section on the band's reunion at Live 8. A second paperback edition was released, mentioning the death of Barrett, in 2006. A third paperback edition was released in 2011, mentioning the death of keyboardist Rick Wright. The book was updated and reissued again in 2017, to accompany the opening of the exhibition \"\"\"\" at the Victoria and Albert Museum in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20236587", "chunk_text": "\"The Shrinking Man\"\nhis minuscule form trapped in the cellar of his home and looking for food while battling the spider; and the time and events leading up to his finding himself there. The novel is arranged in 17 chapters, with occasional segments documenting Carey's shrinking, using subheads describing height: \"\"68\"\"\"\", \"\"64\"\"\"\", etc., ultimately leading to \"\"7\"\"\"\" in Chapter 15, wherein the entrapment in the cellar is finally described. Author Richard Matheson says he was initially inspired to write the story from a scene in the comedy film \"\"Let's Do It Again.\"\" \"\"I had gotten the idea several years earlier while attending a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4467657", "chunk_text": "\"Charles Lambert (author)\"\nmemoir/fictional autobiography composed of 241 120-word sections and entitled \"\"With a Zero at its Heart\"\". Selected as one of the best books of the year by the Guardian, which described the book as \"\"elegantly written and with considerable emotional clout…poetic, tender and funny\"\", the cover and page design was the work of Vaughan Oliver \"\"The Children’s Home\"\" was published in 2016. Described by The New York Times as \"\"disquieting\"\", the novel received starred reviews from Kirkus Reviews and Booklist, which called it \"\"a magical, mesmerizing tale about the courage it takes to confront the unknown\"\". The novel has been translated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1736267", "chunk_text": "\"The Hello, Goodbye Window\"\nwords on the page; the simple lines and squiggles of color suggest a child's own drawings, but this is the art of a masterful hand.\"\" The book's dimensions are 10.5 x 0.5 x 11.4 inches. It is 32 pages long, an industry standard for children's books. A girl visits her grandparents' house, where for her the kitchen window is a special gateway, where everything important happens. Told from her point of view, the story explores her special relationship with her grandparents through the window, by the window and around the window. She tells us how the window is perfect for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12489793", "chunk_text": "\"Bass Ackwards and Belly Up\"\ntalk about her book, but they end up kissing. She, at first, thinks he thought it was weird. But when they meet again, he kisses her, telling her he had wanted to since the night they met at his apartment. Harper, however, tells him she won't kiss him again until she finishes her book. She then uses her experience with him to start writing 51 pages of a first draft. He tells her it is good for a first draft but lackluster. The book ends with her not finishing the novel. She burns her first draft and tells herself to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3040804", "chunk_text": "\"Abbi Jacobson\"\na \"\"New York Times\"\" bestseller. Jacobson published another book, \"\"I Might Regret This: Essays, Drawings, Vulnerabilities, and Other Stuff.\"\" The book was published on October 30, 2018 with Grand Central Publishing. With drawings throughout, the book of personal essays is centred around Jacobson's solo three week cross-country road trip. The 320 pages of personal essays and various short stories, although some are comical in nature, largely focus on Jacobson getting over her first love, first relationship with a woman, and general issues of identity. According to Jacobson, book is centred around self reflection: \"\"It's about how I've felt like an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2376038", "chunk_text": "\"Experiment in Autobiography\"\nExperiment in Autobiography Experiment in Autobiography is an autobiographical work by H.G. Wells, originally published in two volumes. He began to write it in 1932, and completed it in the summer of 1934. \"\"Experiment in Autobiography\"\" is divided into eight \"\"chapters\"\" (the last two of which are more than 100 pages long) which are divided \"\"in toto\"\" into 56 sections. Some sections are narrative, while others include long digressions into matters philosophical, political, sociological, or biographical. In the introductory section, Wells describes himself as a \"\"mental worker\"\" whose \"\"thoughts and work are encumbered by claims and vexations and I cannot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "465501", "chunk_text": "\"Inside Out Project\"\nposters). By using strictly black-and-white portraits, which are printed and then pasted in an exterior space, each group action can make a statement in the form of a public artwork and share their message with the rest of the world. Every Inside Out group action is documented, archived and exhibited on the project's website. As of June 2015, over 1,200 group actions have taken place, and nearly 160,000 posters have been printed and shipped to more than 127 countries. The Inside Out Project has traveled from Ecuador to Nepal, from Mexico to Palestine, inspiring group actions on varied themes such", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18508625", "chunk_text": "\"Terry Trueman\"\nwho eventually turned his shock and grief into a narrative poem, \"\"Sheehan\"\", which in turn grew to become the novel, \"\"Stuck in Neutral\"\". The acclaim and impact that book had inspired two other companion novels for teens, \"\"Cruise Control\"\" (2004) and \"\"Life Happens Next\"\" (2012), as well as a non-fiction book about his son, \"\"Sheehan: Heartbreak and Redemption\"\" (2007). His other YA novels include \"\"Inside Out\"\" (2003),\"\"No Right Turn\"\" (2006), \"\"Seven Days at the Hot Corner\"\" (2007), and \"\"Hurricane\"\" (2008). His books have received numerous national honors and he is considered by many to be one of the godfathers of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1849700", "chunk_text": "\"Chapter book\"\nChapter book A chapter book or chapterbook is a story book intended for intermediate readers, generally age 7-10. Unlike picture books for beginning readers, a chapter book tells the story primarily through prose, rather than pictures. Unlike books for advanced readers, chapter books contain plentiful illustrations. The name refers to the fact that the stories are usually divided into short chapters, which provide readers with opportunities to stop and resume reading if their attention spans are not long enough to finish the book in one sitting. Chapter books are usually works of fiction of moderate length and complexity. Examples of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18697612", "chunk_text": "\"The Stand\"\napproximately 400 pages (around 150,000 words) from the original manuscript. This edition reinstates most of the deleted pages (as selected by King), as well as updates the setting from the 1980s to the 1990s. This new edition features a new preface by King, and illustrations by Bernie Wrightson. Additionally, Doubleday published a deluxe edition of \"\"The Stand: The Complete & Uncut Edition\"\", limited to 1,250 numbered copies and 52 lettered copies. This edition, known as the \"\"Coffin Box\"\" edition due to the book being housed in a wooden case, was signed by King and Wrightson. \"\"The Stand\"\" was nominated for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5277969", "chunk_text": "Irretrievable\nIrretrievable Irretrievable (, 1892, also known as Beyond Recall and No Way Back ) is one of realist Theodor Fontane's mature German novels. As with some other of Fontane's novels (including Effi Briest), its heroine is believed to be based roughly on a real person whose demise Fontane heard about, and it deals delicately with near taboo (at the time of writing) topics including adultery and suicide. The novel has been translated twice into English. The first by Douglas Parmée in 1963 as \"\"Beyond Recall\"\", it was re-published in 2011 by New York Review of Books as \"\"Irretrievable\"\". In 2010", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4894940", "chunk_text": "\"A Long Way Home (book)\"\nA Long Way Home (book) A Long Way Home is a non-fiction book by Indian-Australian businessman Saroo Brierley written together with Larry Buttrose. The text was initially released in Australia on 24 June 2013 via Viking, then re-released internationally in 2014, and adapted into a major film in 2016. It is reported that Brierley currently writes a prequel to \"\"A Long Way Home\"\", “the story of both my mothers – biological and adoptive – before I was in the picture.” In this authobiographical book, Brierley covers three decades of his life, describing his ordeals and adventures as a lost five-year-old", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17631068", "chunk_text": "\"Lanark: A Life in Four Books\"\nheralded \"\"Lanark\"\" as \"\"one of the landmarks of 20th-century fiction.\"\" \"\"Lanark\"\" comprises four books, arranged in the order Three, One, Two, Four (there is also a Prologue before Book One, and an Epilogue four chapters before the end of the book). In the Epilogue, the author explains this by saying that \"\"I want \"\"Lanark\"\" to be read in one order but eventually thought of in another\"\", and that the epilogue itself is \"\"too important\"\" to go at the end. In Book Three, a young man awakes alone in a train carriage. He has no memory of his past and picks", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10660833", "chunk_text": "\"The Infinite Plan\"\nThe Infinite Plan The Infinite Plan () is a 1991 novel by Isabel Allende. The novel follows the protagonist, North American Greg Reeves through fives decades of his life, as he rises from a childhood in LA, through the Vietnam war and finally later life crisises. The first printing of the novel in English had 100,000 copies. The \"\"Los Angeles Times\"\" compared the novel to works by Bryce Courtenay, Ayn Rand, and James T. Farrell. \"\"Publisher's Weekly\"\" is critical of the novel, describing the protagonist as \"\"unsympathetic character\"\", which \"\" readers may have [tire] of his self-destructive behavior.\"\" Similarly, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3338	where did the dewey decimal system come from?	n/a	[ "Melvil Dewey" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415385", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nDewey Decimal Classification The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), colloquially the Dewey Decimal System, is a proprietary library classification system first published in the United States by Melvil Dewey in 1876. Originally described in a four-page pamphlet, it has been expanded to multiple volumes and revised through 23 major editions, the latest printed in 2011. It is also available in an abridged version suitable for smaller libraries. OCLC, a non-profit cooperative that serves libraries, currently maintains the system and licenses online access to WebDewey, a continuously updated version for catalogers. The Decimal Classification introduced the concepts of \"\"relative location\"\" and \"\"relative", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17388635", "chunk_text": "\"Melvil Dewey\"\nMelvil Dewey Melville Louis Kossuth \"\"Melvil\"\" Dewey (December 10, 1851 – December 26, 1931) was an American librarian and educator, inventor of the Dewey Decimal system of library classification, and a founder of the Lake Placid Club. Dewey was born in Adams Center, New York, the fifth and last child of Joel and Eliza Greene Dewey. He attended rural schools and determined early that his destiny was to reform education of the masses. He briefly attended Alfred University (1870), then Amherst College, where he belonged to Delta Kappa Epsilon, and from which he earned a bachelor's degree in 1874 and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415395", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nwas reached between the committee overseeing the development of the Decimal Classification and the developers of the French \"\"Classification Decimal\"\". The English version was published as the Universal Decimal Classification and is still in use today. According to a study done in 1927, the Dewey system was used in the US in approximately 96% of responding public libraries and 89% of the college libraries. After the death of Melvil Dewey in 1931, administration of the classification was under the Decimal Classification Committee of the Lake Placid Club Education Foundation, and the editorial body was the Decimal Classification Editorial Policy Committee", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415401", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nDewey Editorial Program Manager since 2016 has been Dr. Rebecca Green. Dewey himself held copyright in editions 1 to 6 (1876–1919). Copyright in editions 7–10 was held by the publisher, The Library Bureau. On the death of May Seymour, Dewey conveyed the \"\"copyrights and control of all editions\"\" to the Lake Placid Club Educational Foundation, a non-profit chartered in 1922. The Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) of Dublin, Ohio, US, acquired the trademark and copyrights associated with the Dewey Decimal Classification system when it bought Forest Press in 1988. In 2003 the Dewey Decimal Classification came to the attention of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415393", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nClassification numbers on nearly all of its cards, thus making the system immediately available to all libraries making use of the Library of Congress card sets. Dewey's was not the only library classification available, although it was the most complete. Charles Ammi Cutter published the Expansive Classification in 1882, with initial encouragement from Melvil Dewey. Cutter's system was not adopted by many libraries, with one major exception: it was used as the basis for the Library of Congress Classification system. In 1895, the International Institute of Bibliography, located in Belgium and led by Paul Otlet, contacted Dewey about the possibility", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415392", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nwas published in a record 7,600 copies, although subsequent editions were much lower. During this time, the size of the volume grew, and edition 12 swelled to 1243 pages, an increase of 25% over the previous edition. In response to the needs of smaller libraries which were finding the expanded classification schedules difficult to use, in 1894, the first abridged edition of the Dewey Decimal system was produced. The abridged edition generally parallels the full edition, and has been developed for most full editions since that date. By popular request, in 1930, the Library of Congress began to print Dewey", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415391", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nprivileged patrons, so shelf browsing was not considered of importance. The use of the Dewey Decimal system increased during the early 20th century as librarians were convinced of the advantages of relative positioning and of open shelf access for patrons. New editions were readied as supplies of previously published editions were exhausted, even though some editions provided little change from the previous, as they were primarily needed to fulfill demand. In the next decade, three editions followed closely on: the 3rd (1888), 4th (1891), and 5th (1894). Editions 6 through 11 were published from 1899 to 1922. The 6th edition", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415387", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nother books in the library, on the basis of its subject. The number makes it possible to find any book and to return it to its proper place on the library shelves. The classification system is used in 200,000 libraries in at least 135 countries. Melvil Dewey (1851–1931) was an American librarian and self-declared reformer. He was a founding member of the American Library Association and can be credited with the promotion of card systems in libraries and business. He developed the ideas for his library classification system in 1873 while working at Amherst College library. He applied the classification", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415399", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nBeginning in 1922, the Lake Placid Club Educational Foundation, a not-for-profit organization founded by Melvil Dewey, managed administrative affairs. The ALA set up a Special Advisory Committee on the Decimal Classification as part of the Cataloging and Classification division of ALA in 1952. The previous Decimal Classification Committee was changed to the Decimal Classification Editorial Policy Committee, with participation of the ALA Division of Cataloging and Classification, and of the Library of Congress. Melvil Dewey edited the first three editions of the classification system and oversaw the revisions of all editions until his death in 1931. May Seymour became editor", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415389", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nof the \"\"Library Journal\"\" and in an article by Dewey in the Department of Education publication \"\"Public Libraries in America\"\" in 1876. In March 1876, he applied for, and received copyright on the first edition of the index. The edition was 44 pages in length, with 2,000 index entries, and was printed in 200 copies. The second edition of the Dewey Decimal system, published in 1885 with the title \"\"\"\", comprised 314 pages, with 10,000 index entries. Five hundred copies were produced. Editions 3–14, published between 1888 and 1942, used a variant of this same title. Dewey modified and expanded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1587989", "chunk_text": "\"Education for librarianship\"\nin the library. There were no training programs, and the new librarian was expected to follow the practices of other similar libraries. (Popular libraries in the modern sense had not yet developed.) In the 19th century, although some librarians followed this older pattern, others prepared as apprentices under the direction of established librarians. A library school is an institution of higher learning specializing in the professional training of librarians. The first library school in the United States was established by Melvil Dewey (the originator of the Dewey decimal system) in 1887 at Columbia University. Since then many library schools have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415408", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nway, the Dewey Decimal Classification itself had the same relative positioning as the library shelf and could be used either as an entry point to the classification, by catalogers, or as an index to the Dewey-classed library itself. Dewey Decimal Classification numbers formed the basis of the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC), which combines the basic Dewey numbers with selected punctuation marks (comma, colon, parentheses, etc.). Adaptations of the system for specific regions outside the English-speaking world include the Korean Decimal Classification, the New Classification Scheme for Chinese Libraries, and the Nippon Decimal Classification (Japanese). Despite its widespread usage, the classification", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415397", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nthe organization of bibliographies rather than of books on the shelf; and the abridged edition. In 1933, the bibliographic edition became the Universal Decimal Classification, which left the library and abridged versions as the formal Dewey Decimal Classification editions. The 15th edition, edited by Milton Ferguson, implemented the growing concept of the \"\"standard edition\"\", designed for the majority of general libraries but not attempting to satisfy the needs of the very largest or of special libraries. It also reduced the size of the Dewey system by over half, from 1,900 to 700 pages. This revision was so radical that an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17388640", "chunk_text": "\"Melvil Dewey\"\n1905 he resigned as a result. Dewey married twice, first to Annie R. Godfrey, and then to Emily McKay Beal. He and his first wife had one child, Godfrey. Dewey became a member of the American Library Association's Hall of Fame in 1951. He died of a stroke in Lake Placid, Florida. Dewey was a pioneer in American librarianship and an influential figure in the development of libraries in America in the late 19th and early the 20th century. He is best known for the decimal classification system that many public and school libraries use. Among his other innovations was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415390", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nhis system considerably for the second edition. In an introduction to that edition Dewey states that \"\"nearly 100 persons hav [spelling of 'have' per English-language spelling reform, which Dewey championed] contributed criticisms and suggestions\"\". One of the innovations of the Dewey Decimal system was that of positioning books on the shelves in relation to other books on similar topics. When the system was first introduced, most libraries in the US used fixed positioning: each book was assigned a permanent shelf position based on the book's height and date of acquisition. Library stacks were generally closed to all but the most", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14794278", "chunk_text": "Melvyl\nMelvyl Melvyl is the name of the online catalog of the University of California's library system. The Melvyl union catalog is produced by the California Digital Library — a unit within the department of Academic Planning, Programs, and Coordination at the UC Office of the President in downtown Oakland, California. Melvyl is named after Melvil Dewey, the library pioneer who invented the Dewey Decimal System. Melvyl is now supported by the OCLC's WorldCat Local platform. The Melvyl database contains over 30 million records from the: Melvyl is a registered trademark owned by the Regents of the University of California. Melvyl", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17388642", "chunk_text": "\"Melvil Dewey\"\nInstitute which was an organization conceived to provide for the investigation, study and discussion of issues within the field of library theory and practice. Immediately after receiving his undergraduate degree he was hired to manage Amherst's library and reclassify its collections. Dewey worked out a new scheme that superimposed a system of decimal numbers on a structure of knowledge first outlined by Sir Francis Bacon. For his decision to use a decimal system he may have been inspired by two library systems that he includes in the acknowledgements in the first publication of his system in 1876. In that preface,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11683886", "chunk_text": "\"Byrd Spilman Dewey\"\nInstitute (Sayre School) where she studied literature, music, art, and language skills. In 1877 she moved with her family to Salem, Illinois, to her father's next pastorate. It was there that she met Frederick Sidney Dewey; they were married on September 25, 1877. Fred was a distant cousin of Admiral George Dewey, and also of Melvil Dewey, the inventor of the Dewey Decimal System. Because of Fred S. Dewey's respiratory ailments, contracted during his service in the American Civil War, the Deweys moved to Florida in 1881. They arrived in Jacksonville where they looked at properties in the St. Augustine", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12497907", "chunk_text": "\"Metrication in the United States\"\nin 1893, metric standards, developed through international cooperation under the auspices of BIPM, were adopted as the fundamental standards for length and mass in the United States. The definitions of United States customary units, such as the foot and pound, have been based on metric units since then. The 1895 Constitution of Utah, in Article X, Section 11, originally mandated that: \"\"The Metric System shall be taught in the public schools of the State.\"\" This section was repealed, effective July 1, 1987. On July 4, 1876, Melvil Dewey (known for his Dewey Decimal Classification) incorporated the American Metric Bureau in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415398", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nadvisory committee was formed right away for the 16th and 17th editions. The 16th and 17th editions, under the editorship of the Library of Congress, grew again to two volumes. However, by now, the Dewey Decimal system had established itself as a classification for general libraries, with the Library of Congress Classification having gained acceptance for large research libraries. The first electronic version of \"\"Dewey\"\" was created in 1993. Hard-copy editions continue to be issued at intervals; the online WebDewey and Abridged WebDewey are updated quarterly. Dewey and a small editorial staff managed the administration of the very early editions.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17388643", "chunk_text": "\"Melvil Dewey\"\nand in the following thirteen editions, Dewey cites the card system of Italian publisher Natale Battezzati as \"\"the most fruitful source of ideas\"\". Dewey copyrighted the system in 1876. This system has proved to be enormously influential; though many American libraries have since adopted the classification scheme of the Library of Congress, Dewey's system remains in widespread use. In 1877 Dewey moved to Boston, where he founded and became editor of \"\"The Library Journal\"\", which became an influential factor in the development of libraries in America, and in the reform of their administration. He was also one of the founders", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7149581", "chunk_text": "\"Library Journal\"\nLibrary Journal Library Journal is an American trade publication for librarians. It was founded in 1876 by Melvil Dewey (familiar as the inventor of the Dewey decimal system). It reports news about the library world, emphasizing public libraries, and offers feature articles about aspects of professional practice. It also reviews library-related materials and equipment. Its \"\"Library Journal Book Review\"\" does pre-publication reviews of several hundred popular and academic books each month. \"\"Library Journal\"\" has the highest circulation of any librarianship journal, according to Ulrich's — approximately 100,000. \"\"Library Journal's\"\" original publisher was Frederick Leypoldt, whose company became R. R. Bowker.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415394", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nof translating the classification into French, and using the classification system for bibliographies (as opposed to its use for books in libraries). This would have required some changes to the classification, which was under copyright. Dewey gave permission for the creation of a version intended for bibliographies, and also for its translation into French. Dewey did not agree, however, to allow the International Institute of Bibliography to later create an English version of the resulting classification, considering that a violation of their agreement, as well as a violation of Dewey's copyright. Shortly after Dewey's death in 1931, however, an agreement", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9676012", "chunk_text": "\"Natale Battezzati\"\nproponent, fell from use. In each of the first fourteen editions of the Dewey Decimal System, Melvil Dewey included a short acknowledgment of Battezzati and his card system: \"\"Perhaps the most fruitful source of ideas was the Nuovo sistema di Catalogo Bibliografico Generale of Natale Battezzati, of Milan. Certainly he [Dewey] is indebted to this system adopted by the Italian publishers in 1871, though he has copied nothing from it.\"\" It is not obvious, however, how and where Dewey encountered Battezzati's system. Battezzati himself states that: \"\"... the systems was studied and admired by Mr. Melvil Dewey of Boston, secretary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12667996", "chunk_text": "\"Henry E. Bliss\"\ngenerally disregarded in favor of other more established classification systems such as the Dewey Decimal System created by Melvil Dewey and the Library of Congress Classification system, causing “more than one author” to label him as a, “prophet without honor.” Although Bliss was an American, his system was more popular in British libraries than in American libraries. A second edition of the system has been developed in the United Kingdom in 1977. Several volumes have been published. Henry Bliss was born in New York City. The son of Henry H. Bliss and Evalina Matilda Davis. He became the deputy librarian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12852390", "chunk_text": "\"Library science\"\nsystem inspired by the Baconian method, which grouped books more or less by subject rather than alphabetically, as it was previously done. The Jefferson collection provided the start of what became the Library of Congress. The first American school of librarianship opened at Columbia University under the leadership of Melvil Dewey, noted for his 1876 decimal classification, on 5 January 1887 as the School of Library Economy. The term \"\"library economy\"\" was common in the U.S. until 1942, with the \"\"library science\"\" predominant through much of the 20th century. Later, the term was used in the title of S. R.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415409", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nhas been criticized for its complexity and limited scope of scheme-adjustment. In particular, the arrangement of subheadings has been described as archaic and as being biased towards an Anglo-American world view. In 2007–08, the Maricopa County Library District in Arizona, abandoned the DDC in favor of the Book Industry Standards and Communications (BISAC) system, one that is commonly used by commercial bookstores, in an effort to make their libraries more accessible for patrons. Several other libraries across the United States, and other countries (including Canada and the Netherlands) followed suit. The classification has also been criticized as being a proprietary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20185697", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Readmore Books\"\ncat, who was suffering from frostbite, back to health and named him Dewey, after Melvil Dewey, inventor of the Dewey Decimal library classification system. The library decided to keep him as a library cat and his story first received publicity in the \"\"Spencer Daily Reporter\"\" a week after his discovery. A contest to name the cat received nearly 400 entries, the majority of which supported retaining the name \"\"Dewey\"\". The librarians added \"\"Readmore Books\"\" to his full name, inspired partially by the cartoon library cat Cap'n O. G. Readmore, although he was usually referred to as just \"\"Dewey\"\". Aside from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10554027", "chunk_text": "\"Universal Decimal Classification\"\nwhich was intended to become a comprehensive classified index to all published information. The idea that the RBU should take the form of a card catalogue came from the young American zoologist Herbert Haviland Field, who was at the time himself setting up a bibliographical agency in Zurich, the Concilium Bibliographicum. A means of arranging the entries would be needed, and Otlet, having heard of the Dewey Decimal Classification, wrote to Melvil Dewey and obtained permission to translate it into French. The idea outgrew the plan of mere translation, and a number of radical innovations were made, adapting the purely", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2148491", "chunk_text": "\"Josephus Nelson Larned\"\nclassification systems, he met Melvil Dewey and learned about his new Dewey Decimal System. Larned's library was the first outside Dewey's Amherst College to adopt the system, which is now universal in public libraries in the US. Adopting the new system and presenting his experiences introduced him to other professionals and the new American Library Association, which he would later serve as president of for the 1893-1894 term. Larned impressed his new colleagues and Dewey would later say he was one of the country's best librarians. His interest in cataloging continued. He later developed a system for classifying newspaper clippings", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415400", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nin 1891 and served until her death in 1921. She was followed by Dorcas Fellows, who was editor until her death in 1938. Constantin J. Mazney edited the 14th edition. Milton Ferguson functioned as editor from 1949 to 1951. The 16th edition in 1958 was edited under an agreement between the Library of Congress and Forest Press, with David Haykin as director. Editions 16–19 were edited by Benjamin A. Custer and the editor of edition 20 was John P. Comaromi. Joan Mitchell was editor until 2013, covering editions 21 to 23. In 2013 Michael Panzer of OCLC became Editor-in-Chief. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18481383", "chunk_text": "\"Library Journal\"\nan up-to-date list of library jobs in the website's \"\"JobZone\"\" feature. Library Journal Library Journal is an American trade publication for librarians. It was founded in 1876 by Melvil Dewey (familiar as the inventor of the Dewey decimal system). It reports news about the library world, emphasizing public libraries, and offers feature articles about aspects of professional practice. It also reviews library-related materials and equipment. Its \"\"Library Journal Book Review\"\" does pre-publication reviews of several hundred popular and academic books each month. \"\"Library Journal\"\" has the highest circulation of any librarianship journal, according to Ulrich's — approximately 100,000. \"\"Library Journal's\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415396", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nwith participation of the American Library Association (ALA), Library of Congress, and Forest Press. By the 14th edition in 1942, the Dewey Decimal Classification index was over 1,900 pages in length and was published in two volumes. The growth of the classification to date had led to significant criticism from medium and large libraries which were too large to use the abridged edition but found the full classification overwhelming. Dewey had intended issuing the classification in three editions: the library edition, which would be the fullest edition; the bibliographic edition, in English and French, which was to be used for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8415388", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\nto the books in that library, until in 1876 he had a first version of the classification. In 1876, he published the classification in pamphlet form with the title \"\"A Classification and Subject Index for Cataloguing and Arranging the Books and Pamphlets of a Library.\"\" He used the pamphlet, published in more than one version during the year, to solicit comments from other librarians. It is not known who received copies or how many commented as only one copy with comments has survived, that of Ernest Cushing Richardson. His classification system was mentioned in an article in the first issue", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2438694", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey-free classification\"\nDewey-free classification Dewey-free (also Dewey free, Dewey-less, or word-based) refers to library classification schemes developed as alternatives to Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). Dewey-free systems are often based on the BISAC subject headings developed by the Book Industry Study Group, and are typically implemented in libraries with smaller collections. Instead of using numerical notation to indicate a document's shelving location, Dewey-free systems organize documents alphabetically by natural language words. Dewey-free systems have been implemented in both public and school libraries. A primary motivation for the development of Dewey-free systems is to eliminate DDC's numerical notation, which many library patrons find intimidating.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17388641", "chunk_text": "\"Melvil Dewey\"\nthe idea of a state library operating as the controller of the state's school and public library services. In Boston, Massachusetts, he founded the Library Bureau, a private company \"\"for the definite purpose of furnishing libraries with equipment and supplies of unvarying correctness and reliability.\"\" Its investigative unit, devoted to studying the best practices of library loss-management, circulation and data retention, recovered 3,000 books in its first year of existence. Dewey's Library Bureau company is also said to have introduced hanging vertical files, first seen at the Columbian Exposition of 1893 in Chicago. In 1905, Dewey established the American Library", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "261555", "chunk_text": "\"Universal Decimal Classification\"\nUniversal Decimal Classification The Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) is a bibliographic and library classification representing the systematic arrangement of all branches of human knowledge organized as a coherent system in which knowledge fields are related and inter-linked. The UDC is an analytico-synthetic and faceted classification system featuring detailed vocabulary and syntax that enables powerful content indexing and information retrieval in large collections. Since 1991, the UDC has been owned and managed by the UDC Consortium, a non-profit international association of publishers with headquarters in The Hague (Netherlands). Unlike other library classification schemes that have started their life as national systems,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "69351", "chunk_text": "\"Metis Classification\"\nas well as students. Nancy Daigle has successfully replicated this system in her central Vermont library at Thatcher Brook Primary School, serving students in a preK-4 school. (http://tbpsmetis.blogspot.com/) 97 % of her students reported that they had, on occasion, been unable to find what they were looking for in the library, so she re-catalogued the collection to this system based on topic and genre. Children do not typically learn decimals until the end of fourth grade (pre-k 4 school). METIS, adapted from the system used at the Ethical Culture School in New York, eliminates the Dewey Decimal System!\"\" Metis Classification", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14651838", "chunk_text": "\"Bliss bibliographic classification\"\nBliss bibliographic classification The Bliss bibliographic classification (BC) is a library classification system that was created by Henry E. Bliss (1870–1955) and published in four volumes between 1940 and 1953. Although originally devised in the United States, it was more commonly adopted by British libraries. A second edition of the system (BC2) has been in ongoing development in Britain since 1977. Henry E. Bliss began working on the Bliss Classification system while working at the City College of New York Library as Assistant Librarian. He was a critic of Melvil Dewey's work with the Dewey Decimal System and believed that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9832814", "chunk_text": "\"Information science\"\nin 1913) not only envisioned later technical innovations but also projected a global vision for information and information technologies that speaks directly to postwar visions of a global \"\"information society\"\". Otlet and Lafontaine established numerous organizations dedicated to standardization, bibliography, international associations, and consequently, international cooperation. These organizations were fundamental for ensuring international production in commerce, information, communication and modern economic development, and they later found their global form in such institutions as the League of Nations and the United Nations. Otlet designed the Universal Decimal Classification, based on Melville Dewey’s decimal classification system. Although he lived decades before computers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10853336", "chunk_text": "\"Northwood School (Lake Placid, New York)\"\nNorthwood School (Lake Placid, New York) Northwood School is an independent coeducational boarding and day school located in Lake Placid, New York in the heart of the Adirondack Mountains. Northwood School was founded in 1905 by John M. Hopkins as the Lake Placid School. For 20 years it used the facilities of the Lake Placid Club. During this time fall and spring was spent in Lake Placid, with the winter term spent at its campus in Florida. In 1922 Melvil Dewey, the originator of the Dewey Decimal System founded the Lake Placid Club Education Foundation. Under Dewey's leadership the Foundation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "515325", "chunk_text": "\"Knowledge organization\"\nThe academic International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO) engages with these issues via the research journal \"\"Knowledge Organization\"\". One widely used analysis of organizational principles summarizes them as Location, Alphabet, Time, Category, Hierarchy (LATCH). Among the major figures in the history of KO are Melvil Dewey (1851–1931) and Henry Bliss (1870–1955). Dewey's goal was an efficient way to manage library collections; not an optimal system to support users of libraries. His system was meant to be used in many libraries as a standardized way to manage collections. The first version of this system was created in 1876. An important characteristic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10738087", "chunk_text": "OCLC\nsearch, bibliographic, and bookselling sites; Open WorldCat later morphed into WorldCat.org. In October 2005, the OCLC technical staff began a wiki project, WikiD, allowing readers to add commentary and structured-field information associated with any WorldCat record. WikiD was later phased out. The Online Computer Library Center acquired the trademark and copyrights associated with the Dewey Decimal Classification System when it bought Forest Press in 1988. A browser for books with their Dewey Decimal Classifications was available until July 2013; it was replaced by the Classify Service. Until August 2009, when it was sold to Backstage Library Works, OCLC owned a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12462676", "chunk_text": "\"Lake Placid, Florida\"\nearly sources or tall according to late sources. However, government sources exclude a 270-foot height, allowing only a 240-foot height. __toc__ Lake Placid, which was formerly called \"\"Lake Stearns\"\", was chartered on December 1, 1925. Dr. Melvil Dewey, the inventor of the Dewey Decimal System, and the founder of the Lake Placid Club in Lake Placid, New York, proposed that Lake Stearns change its name to \"\"Lake Placid\"\". On April 29, 1927, the Lake Stearns Commissioners accepted Dr. Dewey's proposal. Subsequently, they submitted a request to the Florida State Legislature. On June 6, 1927, the community was chartered as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5771049", "chunk_text": "\"Lake Placid Conference Center\"\nknown as the creator of the \"\"Dewey Decimal Classification\"\" system, and \"\"the father of modern librarianship\"\". \"\"Yesterday in Florida\"\" issue 14, Lake Placid Conference Center historical files Lake Placid Conference Center The Lake Placid Conference Center is located in Lake Placid, Florida, and is owned and operated by the South Florida District Church of the Nazarene. The Nazarene district purchased the property in October 1996, for the purpose of providing a Christian place for Christian groups, and churches to come together to worship God in a camp type setting. The conference center sits on directly on Lake Placid and provides", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17388648", "chunk_text": "\"Melvil Dewey\"\nindividuals to create traveling libraries. Increased library services to small or rural communities and underserved populations fortified the efforts of many to seek out education and self-improvement. As an enthusiastic supporter of the decimal metric system of weights and measures, Dewey established in 1876 the American Metric Bureau. Dewey also served once again as its secretary. He edited the Bureau's official publication, the \"\"Metric Bulletin\"\" (later called \"\"Metric Advocate\"\"), first issued in July 1876. Later in his life he was member of the Advisory Board of the All-America Standards Council (a California-based organization that promoted metrication for all countries in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16130304", "chunk_text": "\"Paul Otlet\"\nholding the master copy. At various times between 1900 and 1914, attempts were made to send full copies of the RBU to cities such as Paris, Washington, D.C. and Rio de Janeiro; however, difficulties in copying and transportation meant that no city received more than a few hundred thousand cards. In 1904, Otlet and La Fontaine began to publish their classification scheme, which they termed the Universal Decimal Classification. The UDC was originally based on Melvil Dewey's Decimal classification system. Otlet and La Fontaine contacted Melvil Dewey to inquire if they could modify the Dewey Decimal System to suit the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10871124", "chunk_text": "\"Elizabeth Farrand\"\nfidelity, and in quickness and accuracy of perception and execution, they are quite in advance of the average young men who could be obtained, and in consequence of there being fewer remunerative place /sic/ open to females they are ready to do faithful service at a pay much lower.” The task of cataloging was important and difficult in these years because at that time there was no accepted system for doing so. Melville Dewey's decimal classification system was not published until 1876 and not adopted at the University of Michigan Library until 1897. In the meantime the Library used a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18131929", "chunk_text": "\"Decimal separator\"\nIn the Middle Ages, before printing, a bar ( ¯ ) over the units digit was used to separate the integral part of a number from its fractional part, e.g. 995 (meaning, 99.95 in decimal point format). This practice derived from the decimal system used in Indian mathematics and was popularized by the Persian mathematician Al-Khwarizmi, when Latin translation of his work on the Indian numerals introduced the decimal positional number system to the Western world. His \"\"Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing\"\" presented the first systematic solution of linear and quadratic equations in Arabic. A similar notation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2744106", "chunk_text": "\"Paul Otlet\"\nand the two became good friends. They were commissioned in 1892 by Belgium's Societé des Sciences sociales et politiques (Society of social and political sciences) to create bibliographies for various of the social sciences; they spent three years doing this. In 1895, they discovered the Dewey Decimal Classification, a library classification system that had been invented in 1876. They decided to try to expand this system to cover the classification of facts that Otlet had previously imagined. They wrote to the system's creator, Melvil Dewey, asking for permission to modify his system in this way; he agreed, so long as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3339	what was the first light beer in the us?	n/a	[ "Miller Lite" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17321151", "chunk_text": "\"Light beer\"\nis not primarily intended to produce a less intoxicating beverage. This is the primary definition in the United States, where the spelling Lite beer is also encountered, and where popular light beers include Bud Light, Miller Lite, and Coors Light. Light beer Light beer (invented in 1967 by American biochemist Joseph Owades) is a beer (usually a Pilsner) that is reduced in alcohol content or in calories compared to regular beers. Light beers may be chosen by beer drinkers who wish to manage their alcohol consumption or their calorie intake; however, they are sometimes criticised for being less flavourful than", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17516863", "chunk_text": "\"Miller Lite\"\nMiller Lite Miller Lite, also known simply as Lite, is a 4.2% ABV American light pale lager sold by MillerCoors of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. Miller Lite competes with Anheuser-Busch's Bud Light beer. The company also produces Miller Genuine Draft and Miller High Life. It is also the Official Beer Sponsor of the Dallas Cowboys and Bellator MMA. Miller Lite was the first successful mainstream light beer in the United States market. After its first inception as \"\"Gablinger's Diet Beer\"\", developed in 1967 by Joseph L. Owades, PhD, a biochemist working for New York's Rheingold Brewery, the recipe was given", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17321149", "chunk_text": "\"Light beer\"\nLight beer Light beer (invented in 1967 by American biochemist Joseph Owades) is a beer (usually a Pilsner) that is reduced in alcohol content or in calories compared to regular beers. Light beers may be chosen by beer drinkers who wish to manage their alcohol consumption or their calorie intake; however, they are sometimes criticised for being less flavourful than full-strength beers, or for tasting or actually being watered down. Light beers with significantly lower alcohol content allow consumers to drink more beers in a shorter period without becoming intoxicated. Low alcohol content can also mean a less expensive beer,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5993640", "chunk_text": "\"Beer in the United States\"\nincluding Anheuser-Busch InBev and MillerCoors. These large-scale brewers also produce other popular styles, often relatively light in body, flavor and calories. Light beer, which was introduced on a large scale by Miller Brewing Company in the early 1970s, is a beer made with reduced alcohol and carbohydrate content, and has grown to eclipse many of the original pale lager brands in sales. Bud Light, brewed by Anheuser-Busch InBev, is the top-selling beer in the United States. Ice beer is an example which has been partially freeze-distilled with the intention of concentrating flavor and alcohol. The technique is based on that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13617687", "chunk_text": "\"Natural Light\"\nNatural Light Natural Light is a reduced-calorie light pilsner brewed by Anheuser-Busch since its introduction on July 31, 1977. Its ingredients are listed as water, barley malt, cereal grains, yeast, and hops. One serving contains , 3.2 grams of carbohydrates, 0.7 grams of protein, and 4.2% alcohol by volume. Originally, the brand formulation had , to compete with Miller Lite's , and was called Anheuser-Busch Natural Light. The brand was Anheuser-Busch's first widely distributed light beer, followed by Michelob Light and Bud Light, introduced in 1978 and 1981, respectively. (Bud Light's name was also shortened from its original \"\"Budweiser Light.\"\")", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1367304", "chunk_text": "\"Joseph Owades\"\nJoseph Owades Joseph Lawrence Owades (July 9, 1919 – December 16, 2005) was an American biochemist and brewer of light and industrially produced beer. He adjusted analytical techniques and quality control, developing the first light beer and the process for making it, creating many new, unique, and successful specialty beers. He is regarded as the father of light beer. Owades was born in Manhattan, the son of Jewish parents, and raised in the Bronx. His father, Shmuel, was a dressmaker. In 1939 he graduated from City College of New York (undergraduate), followed by Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute (Master’s and PhD in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5993612", "chunk_text": "\"Beer in the United States\"\nof corn, birch sap and water. The earliest record of brewing by non-native peoples dates from 1587, and the first commercial brewery in the United States was built by the Dutch West India Company in 1632 in Lower Manhattan on Brewers (later Stone) Street. On February 5, 1663 Nicholas Varlett obtained from Peter Stuyvesant a patent for a brewery on Castle Point in Hoboken, New Jersey. The brewing traditions of England and the Netherlands (as brought to New York) ensured that colonial drinking would be dominated by beer rather than wine. Until the middle of the 19th century, British-style ales", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10182382", "chunk_text": "Lager\ntook the style with them. Traditional Vienna lager is a reddish-brown or copper-colored beer with medium body and slight malt sweetness, while Mexican Vienna lager, developed by Santiago Graf has a somewhat darker color and roasted flavor. The malt aroma and flavor may have a toasted character. Despite their name, Vienna lagers are generally uncommon in continental Europe today but can be found frequently in North America, where it is often called pre-Prohibition style amber lager (often shortened to \"\"pre-Prohibition lager\"\"), as the style was popular in pre-1919 America. Notable examples include Samuel Adams Boston Lager, Great Lakes Eliot Ness,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "393334", "chunk_text": "\"Natural Light\"\nRateBeer.com. Natural Light Natural Light is a reduced-calorie light pilsner brewed by Anheuser-Busch since its introduction on July 31, 1977. Its ingredients are listed as water, barley malt, cereal grains, yeast, and hops. One serving contains , 3.2 grams of carbohydrates, 0.7 grams of protein, and 4.2% alcohol by volume. Originally, the brand formulation had , to compete with Miller Lite's , and was called Anheuser-Busch Natural Light. The brand was Anheuser-Busch's first widely distributed light beer, followed by Michelob Light and Bud Light, introduced in 1978 and 1981, respectively. (Bud Light's name was also shortened from its original \"\"Budweiser", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17516865", "chunk_text": "\"Miller Lite\"\nDiego, California, in 1973, and heavily marketed using masculine pro sports players and other, so-called, macho figures of the day in an effort to sell to the key beer-drinking male demographic. Miller Lite was introduced nationally in 1975. Miller's heavy-advertising approach worked where the two previous light beers had failed, and Miller's early production totals of 12.8 million barrels quickly increased to 24.2 million barrels by 1977 as Miller rose to 2nd place in the American brewing marketplace. Other brewers responded, in particular Anheuser-Busch with its heavily advertised Bud Light in 1982, which eventually overtook Lite in sales by 1994.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4871317", "chunk_text": "\"American lager\"\nAmerican lager American lager or North American lager is pale lager that is produced in the United States. The pale lager-style beer originated in Europe in the mid-19th century, and moved to America with German immigrants. As a general trend outside of Bavaria and the Czech Republic where the beers may be firmly hopped, pale lager developed as a modestly hopped beer, and sometimes used adjuncts such as rice or corn – and this was also true in America. Worldwide, the best-known American lager is Anheuser-Busch InBev's Budweiser, though prominent brands are also made by MillerCoors (Coors Light, Miller Genuine", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11098787", "chunk_text": "\"Pale lager\"\nBräu, and Hacker-Pschorr; with Spaten-Franziskaner-Bräu producing a 5.2% abv pale lager called \"\"Spaten Munchner Hell\"\". The earliest known brewing of pale lager in America was in the Old City section of Philadelphia by John Wagner in 1840 using yeast from his native Bavaria. Modern American lagers are usually made by large breweries such as Anheuser-Busch. Lightness of body is a cardinal virtue, both by design and since it allows the use of a high percentage of rice or corn. Though all lagers are well attenuated, a more fully fermented pale lager in Germany goes by the name \"\"Diät-Pils\"\" or \"\"\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9139780", "chunk_text": "Beer\nbeers made from malt dried with the fuel coke. Coke was first used for roasting malt in 1642, but it was not until around 1703 that the term \"\"pale ale\"\" was used. In terms of sales volume, most of today's beer is based on the pale lager brewed in 1842 in the town of Pilsen in the present-day Czech Republic. The modern pale lager is light in colour with a noticeable carbonation (fizzy bubbles) and a typical alcohol by volume content of around 5%. The Pilsner Urquell, Bitburger, and Heineken brands of beer are typical examples of pale lager, as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8491069", "chunk_text": "\"Malt liquor\"\n1690 as a general term encompassing both beer and ale. The first mention of the term in North America appears in a patent issued by the Canadian government on July 6, 1842, to one G. Riley for \"\"an improved method of brewing ale, beer, porter, and other maltliquors.\"\" While Colt 45, St. Ides, Schlitz, Mickey's, Steel Reserve, King Cobra, and Olde English 800 are most closely associated with malt liquors in the United States, the beverage itself is older than these products. Clix is often credited as the first malt liquor made in the United States, granted a patent in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19142243", "chunk_text": "\"F. & M. Schaefer Brewing Company\"\nreputedly brewing one of the first such light, crisp, cold brewed and cold aged beers in America in 1848, which they later claimed was the first in the United States, although John Wagner of Philadelphia preceded him in 1840. In time the operation proved highly successful, rising into the number six slot among American brewers by 1871. Max's son Rudolph Jay Schaefer took over as president until his death in 1923. The firm had a large brewery complex on Park Avenue in New York City and caves for lagering its beer along the East River. In the early 20th century", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14014316", "chunk_text": "\"American lager\"\n\"\"American-Style Low-Carbohydrate Light Lager\"\", \"\"American-Style Lager\"\", \"\"American-Style Premium Lager\"\" (a term used at the World Beer Cup), \"\"North American Style Lager\"\" or \"\"North American Style Premium Lager\"\" (terms used at the Canadian Beer Awards). Both Canada and the United States were traditionally ale (and whisky) consuming regions in the British traditions before the late 19th century. Pale lager was later introduced to both Canada and the United States by German immigrants. These German brewers developed their beers from the American six-row barley which has a higher tannic acid and protein content and greater husk per weight than continental European barleys", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14014319", "chunk_text": "\"American lager\"\nGenesee Brewing Company with its Genesee Beer; and August Schell Brewing Company with its Original. In recent years a number of smaller American breweries have also reintroduced it, such as Victory Brewing Company with its Headwaters Pale Ale, North Coast Brewing Company with Scrimshaw Pilsner, and Full Sail Brewing Company with its Session Lager. American lager American lager or North American lager is pale lager that is produced in the United States. The pale lager-style beer originated in Europe in the mid-19th century, and moved to America with German immigrants. As a general trend outside of Bavaria and the Czech", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5993626", "chunk_text": "\"Beer in the United States\"\nfinished product. The dominance of the so-called \"\"macrobrew\"\" led to an international stereotype of \"\"American beer\"\" as poor in quality and flavor. By the 1970s, consolidation and dominance by the country's major brewers led to the fewest number of breweries in the country's modern history. Despite this, the period also saw the beginnings of the country's current craft beer movement. In 1976, optical engineer and homebrewer Jack McAuliffe founded New Albion Brewing Company in Sonoma County, California, becoming the nation's first microbrewery since Prohibition. Influenced by Fritz Maytag's recent turnaround of the Anchor Brewing Company and an earlier military stationing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1489609", "chunk_text": "\"Pabst Brewing Company\"\nin San Antonio, Texas. It was Lone Star Brewing Company's main brand and marketed as \"\"The National Beer of Texas\"\". The Olympia Brewing Company in Tumwater, Washington first brewed Olympia beer. Olympia is an American-style pale lager. Rainier Beer was first brewed in Seattle, Washington by the Rainier Brewing Company. It is popular in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Schmidt Beer was first brewed by the Jacob Schmidt Brewing Company in St. Paul, Minnesota in 1855. It is popular throughout the Upper Midwest. National Bohemian was the flagship beer of the National Brewing Company in Baltimore, Maryland. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5993618", "chunk_text": "\"Beer in the United States\"\nin the world. The company innovated the use of refrigeration in rail cars to transport its beers, which helped make bottled Budweiser the first national beer brand in the United States. On January 16, 1919, the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was enacted into law, creating the Prohibition era, wherein the production, sale and transportation of alcoholic beverages was made illegal. All legal American brewing came to a halt when prohibition was imposed, though the earlier temperance movement had already reduced the number of breweries significantly. Only a few breweries, mainly the largest, were able to stay in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20444092", "chunk_text": "\"Rheingold Beer\"\nRheingold Beer Rheingold Beer, introduced in 1883, is a New York beer that held 35 percent of the state's beer market from 1950 to 1960. The company was sold by the founding Jewish American Liebmann family in 1963. According to the \"\"New York Times,\"\" \"\"Rheingold Beer was once a top New York brew guzzled regularly by a loyal cadre of workingmen who would just as soon have eaten nails as drink another beer maker's suds.\"\" Its VP-Technical Joseph Owades claims credit for Rheingold's developing the first light beer. Rheingold shut down operations in 1976, when they were unable to compete", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5993627", "chunk_text": "\"Beer in the United States\"\nin Scotland, McAuliffe's brewery offered bottle-conditioned porter, stout, and pale ale to a public more accustomed to lightly-flavored lagers. Despite only staying in business for seven years, New Albion ignited an interest in craft beer and set a precedent for a generation of craft brewers, including Ken Grossman and the owners of Mendocino Brewing Company, the nation's first brewpub. On October 14, 1978, H.R. 1337 was signed into law, which legalized the home production of a small amount of beer or wine for personal consumption. Since then, the United States has witnessed a resurgence of brewing culture and the widespread", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5993615", "chunk_text": "\"Beer in the United States\"\ncompany in the United States, having been established in 1829 by David Yuengling, and is one of the largest breweries by volume in the country. Headquartered in Pottsville, Pennsylvania, it is currently the largest American-owned brewery. One of the earliest large-scale brewers was Best Brewing, a Milwaukee brewery built by German immigrant Phillip Best in the 1840s. It began shipping its beer to Chicago and St. Louis the following decade, first by ferry and eventually by rail, establishing an early trans-market beer brand in the United States. Other successful breweries of the era begun by German immigrants in Milwaukee included", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11098788", "chunk_text": "\"Pale lager\"\n\"\"Diet\"\" in the instance not referring to being \"\"light\"\" in calories or body, rather its sugars are fully fermented into alcohol, allowing the beer to be targeted to diabetics due to its lower carbohydrate content. Because the available sugars are fully fermented, dry beers often have a higher alcohol content, which may be reduced in the same manner as low-alcohol beers. The first dry beer, \"\"Gablinger's Diet Beer\"\", was released in 1967, developed by Joseph Owades at Rheingold Breweries in Brooklyn. Owades developed an enzyme that could further break down starches, so that the finished product contained fewer residual carbohydrates", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "517254", "chunk_text": "Lager\nBrewery in Germany and applied it to existing lagering brewing methods. This approach was picked up by other brewers, most notably Josef Groll who produced in Bohemia (now part of the Czech Republic) the first Pilsner beer—Pilsner Urquell. The resulting pale colored, lean and stable beers were very successful and gradually spread around the globe to become the most common form of beer consumed in the world today. Distinctly amber colored Vienna lager was developed by brewer Anton Dreher in Vienna in 1841. German speaking brewers who emigrated to Mexico in the late 19th century, during the Second Mexican Empire,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1367306", "chunk_text": "\"Joseph Owades\"\nwith no residual carbohydrates and lower calories. In 1967 Rheingold introduced the first \"\"light beer\"\", Gablinger’s Diet Beer, using this enzyme. It flopped, but its many successors, starting with Miller Lite became successful in the American beer marketplace. Following his time at Rheingold, Owades went to work in Greece for the K. Fix Brewery, then moved to Anheuser-Busch in St. Louis, Missouri, followed by Carling Breweries in Boston. In 1975 Owades formed the Center for Brewing Studies in San Francisco, where he provided consulting services to many micro- and mid-sized brewers and taught annual seminars, becoming known as \"\"the Godfather", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15856202", "chunk_text": "\"Low-alcohol beer\"\nProhibition in the United States. Near beer could not legally be labeled as \"\"beer\"\" and was officially classified as a \"\"cereal beverage\"\". The public, however, almost universally called it \"\"near beer\"\". The most popular \"\"near beer\"\" was Bevo, brewed by the Anheuser-Busch company. The Pabst company brewed \"\"Pablo\"\", Miller brewed \"\"Vivo\"\", and Schlitz brewed \"\"Famo\"\". Many local and regional breweries stayed in business by marketing their own near-beers. By 1921 production of near beer had reached over 300 million US gallons (1 billion L) a year (36 L/s). A popular illegal practice was to add alcohol to near beer. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5993617", "chunk_text": "\"Beer in the United States\"\nIn creating the brewery, the Weston Brewing Company became one of the first lager breweries in the United States. In St. Louis, a prosperous German soap maker, Eberhard Anheuser, purchased a struggling brewery in 1860. His daughter married a brewery supplier, Adolphus Busch, who took over the company after his father-in-law's death, and renamed it Anheuser-Busch. Busch soon toured Europe, discovering the success of Bohemian lager, and introduced Budweiser beer (named after a beer brewed in the town of Budweis in Bohemia) in 1876. Anheuser-Busch, and its Budweiser beer, would go on to be the largest brewery and beer brand", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17516866", "chunk_text": "\"Miller Lite\"\nAnheuser-Busch played on the branding style of \"\"Lite\"\" by highlighting the fact that their beer was called \"\"Bud Light\"\" as \"\"everything else is just a light\"\". In 1992, light beers became the biggest domestic beer in America, and in 1998, Miller relabeled its \"\"Lite\"\" brand as \"\"Miller Lite\"\". In 2008, Miller Brewing Company test-marketed three new recipes – an amber, a blonde ale, and a wheat – under the Miller Lite brand, marketed as Miller Lite Brewers Collection. In December 2013, as part of a product placement marketing campaign with the film \"\"\"\", Miller reintroduced the 1974 navy-blue blackletter font", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13548186", "chunk_text": "\"Old Milwaukee\"\nNew York, and that brewer coined the name \"\"Beer Ball\"\". Matt's first Beer Ball hit the market in 1977 and by 1982 it was being used by 10 other US and Canadian breweries. All four Old Milwaukee brews have won top honors at the Great American Beer Festival and the World Beer Cup. Over the past 10 years, Old Milwaukee Light has won more awards than any other light beer in America. Old Milwaukee Light was awarded the Gold medal in the category American-Style Light Lager at the 2008 World Beer Cup. All four brews have won numerous awards at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13548184", "chunk_text": "\"Old Milwaukee\"\nOld Milwaukee Old Milwaukee is a brand of American dry lager owned by the Pabst Brewing Company and consists of four different brews—Old Milwaukee Lager, Old Milwaukee Light, Old Milwaukee Non-Alcoholic, and Old Milwaukee Ice. Old Milwaukee is brewed throughout the USA and various packages are currently distributed in all 50 states and in select international markets. Old Milwaukee Beer was first brewed in 1849 as a value priced beer by the Joseph Schlitz Brewing Company. In 1982, the Schlitz Brewing Company and the Old Milwaukee brand were acquired by Stroh Brewery Company of Detroit. In 2000, Stroh's and all", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16128024", "chunk_text": "\"Lone Star Brewing Company\"\nthen operated under name to the Champion Brewing Company until 1940, at which time it was purchased by the Muchlebach Brewing Company of Kansas City, Missouri. The company re-branded itself as the Lone Star Brewing Company and began officially producing Lone Star Beer that year. The brewery also produced Lone Star Light, low-calorie Lime Lager (1970), and Brut Super Premium (1969). It was not until 1940 that brewer Peter Kreil from Munich created the formula for the first beer to actually be called Lone Star beer. In 1949, under the leadership of Harry Jersig, Lone Star went public. By 1960,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5993639", "chunk_text": "\"Beer in the United States\"\nWitbier, a style nearly extinct until reintroduced by Belgian brewer Pierre Celis in the 1960s, is one of the top-selling craft beer styles in the United States. Brewery Ommegang, Jolly Pumpkin, and The Bruery are other examples of breweries that produce Belgian-inspired beers. In 2014, Spencer Brewery, opened by the monks of St. Joseph's Abbey in Spencer, Massachusetts, became the first certified Trappist brewery outside of Europe. While craft brewing companies with myriad style offerings continue to gain market share, the best-selling style of beer made in the U.S. is still pale lager, most often made by most large-scale brewers,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5993613", "chunk_text": "\"Beer in the United States\"\ndominated American brewing. This changed when the longer shelf-life lager styles brought by German immigrants turned out to be more profitable for large-scale manufacturing and shipping. The hops in lager had preservative qualities, while non-hopped local ales of the time quickly turned sour and were a perceived risk to drink. The lager brewed by these companies was originally based on several different styles of Central Europe, but the Pilsener style, using mild Czech hops, pale, lightly roasted six-row barley and often adjuncts such as rice and corn, gradually won out. Steam beer, the first uniquely American beer style, evolved in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8824389", "chunk_text": "\"Beer style\"\nbegan brewing a lager in Vienna, Austria, in 1840–1841. With modern improved fermentation control, most lager breweries use only short periods of cold storage, typically 1–3 weeks. Most of today's lager is based on the original Pilsner style, pioneered in 1842 in the town of Pilsen (Plzeň), in an area of the Austrian monarchy now located in the Czech Republic. The modern pale lager that developed from Pilsner is light in colour and high in forced carbonation, with an alcohol content of 3–6% by volume. The Pilsner Urquell or Heineken brands of beer are typical examples of pale lager, with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1155539", "chunk_text": "\"Goebel Brewing Company\"\nGoebel Brewing Company Goebel Brewing Company was a brewing company in Detroit, Michigan from 1873 to 1964 eventually acquired late in its existence by Stroh Brewery Company. The beer was locally popular in Detroit from the company's inception, but grew in popularity and was eventually available in many states for a brief period in the 1940s, with an ad campaign in Life magazine that featured restaurant ads from many famous eateries around the country using Goebel beer as an ingredient. The beer, billed as a \"\"light lager\"\", was golden in color, and was noticeably drier than most everyday beers of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13500532", "chunk_text": "\"American pale ale\"\ndarker and maltier due to use of crystal malts. Anchor Liberty Ale, a 6% abv ale originally brewed by Anchor Brewing Company as a special in 1975 to commemorate Paul Revere's midnight ride in 1775 which marked the start of the American War of Independence, was seen by Michael Jackson as the first modern American ale. Fritz Maytag, the owner of Anchor, visited British breweries in London, Yorkshire and Burton upon Trent, picking up information about robust pale ales, which he used when he made his American version using just malt rather than the malt and sugar combination common in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11468400", "chunk_text": "\"Pale ale\"\nhops in the style of APA and use the name \"\"pale ale\"\", was the Sierra Nevada Brewing Company, which brewed the first experimental batch of Sierra Nevada Pale Ale in November 1980, distributing the finished version in March 1981. Anchor Liberty Ale, a 6% abv ale originally brewed by the Anchor Brewing Company as a special in 1975 to commemorate Paul Revere's midnight ride in 1775, which marked the start of the American War of Independence, was seen by Michael Jackson, a writer on beverages, as the first modern American ale. Fritz Maytag, the owner of Anchor, visited British breweries", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11468399", "chunk_text": "\"Pale ale\"\npale ales. In France the term \"\"\"\"ambrée\"\"\"\" is used to signify a beer, either cold or warm fermented, which is amber in colour; the beer, as in \"\"Pelforth Ambrée\"\" and \"\"Fischer Amber\"\", may be a Vienna lager, or it may be a \"\"Bière de Garde\"\" as in \"\"Jenlain Ambrée\"\". In North America, American-variety hops are used in varying degrees of bitterness, although very few examples are particularly hoppy. Diacetyl is barely perceived or absent in an amber ale. American pale ale (APA) was developed around 1980. The brewery thought to be the first to successfully use significant quantities of American", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12829648", "chunk_text": "\"Adolphus Busch\"\ncore brand, Budweiser, making it the most successful nationally-distributed beer of the pre-Prohibition era.\"\" To build Budweiser as a national beer, Busch created a network of rail-side ice-houses and launched the industry's first fleet of refrigerated freight cars. However, throughout his life, he jokingly referred to his beer as \"\"dot schlop\"\" and preferred wine to drink. When Busch implemented pasteurization (1878) as a way to keep the beer fresh for longer, his company was able to profit from shipping beer across the country. Busch soon acquired breweries in Texas which allowed his operation to distribute to Mexico and California. Busch", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5479091", "chunk_text": "\"Low-alcohol beer\"\nLow-alcohol beer Low-alcohol beer is beer with little or no alcohol content and aims to reproduce the taste of beer without the inebriating effects of standard alcoholic brews. Most low-alcohol beers are lagers, but there are some low-alcohol ales. Low-alcohol beer is also known as light beer, non-alcoholic beer, small beer, small ale, or near-beer. In the United States, beverages containing less than 0.5% alcohol by volume (ABV) were legally called non-alcoholic, according to the now-defunct Volstead Act. Because of its very low alcohol content, non-alcoholic beer may be legally sold to minors in many American states. In the United", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12775684", "chunk_text": "\"Coors Light\"\nCoors Light Coors Light is a 4.2% ABV light beer brewed in Golden, Colorado; Albany, Georgia; Elkton, Virginia; Fort Worth, Texas; Irwindale, California; Moncton, New Brunswick; and Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It was first produced in 1978 by the Coors Brewing Company. The beer has a \"\"Cold Certified\"\" label which turns the mountains on the label from white to blue when the beer's temperature is lowered to . Coors Light has a \"\"mountain icon\"\" to represent the beer in place of the logo. The icon is a stylized drawing of a mountain with two peaks. In Australia Coors Light is labelled as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5993611", "chunk_text": "\"Beer in the United States\"\nthe larger and older breweries. The most common style of beer produced by the big breweries is American lager, a form of pale lager; small breweries, most of which were founded since the 1980s, produce a range of styles. Beer styles indigenous in the United States include amber ale, cream ale, and California common. More recent craft styles include American Pale Ale, American IPA, India Pale Lager, Black IPA, and the American \"\"Double\"\" or \"\"Imperial\"\" IPA. Native American tribes brewed beer in the lands of the United States prior to European arrival, but didn't use barley. One recipe was composed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20767471", "chunk_text": "\"Grupo Modelo\"\nbottled in a clear bottle, increasing the opportunity for spoilage. Exposure to sunlight or light from fluorescent bulbs such as those used in refrigerated display cases significantly damages the taste of beer, yielding a taste that is often described as \"\"skunky\"\". This is the result of the essential hop oils spoiling due to UV exposure. The second Corona brand is \"\"Corona Light\"\", the first light beer produced by this brewer. \"\"Corona Light\"\" has 3.4% alcohol by volume, , per bottle. \"\"Victoria\"\" is a 4% abv Vienna lager first brewed in Toluca, México, in 1865 by Compañía Toluca y México. Grupo", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10667364", "chunk_text": "\"Cream ale\"\nCream ale Cream ale is a style of American beer, of which examples are light in color and are well attenuated. First crafted in the mid-1800s at various breweries in the United States, cream ale remained a very localized form with different styles until the early 20th century. During Prohibition in the United States, a great number of Canadian brewers took up brewing cream ale, refining it to some degree. Following the end of Prohibition in the United States, cream ale from Canada became popular and the style was produced anew in both nations. Cream ale is related to pale", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10728983", "chunk_text": "\"Beverage can printing\"\nThe larger breweries in the United States \"\"did not want to risk their reputations on such a radical innovation\"\". A smaller brewery, Gottfried Krueger Brewery, located at Newark, New Jersey, was in really bad shape due to Prohibition and the death of its founder, and American Can Company offered the canning equipment for free unless it became successful, so they decided to give the beer cans a try. The test results were extremely successful, and on January 24, 1935 in Richmond, Virginia, the first canned beer hit the public market as \"\"Krueger’s Finest Beer\"\". By the end of 1935, no", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9317381", "chunk_text": "\"Wild Goose (beer)\"\nwere forced to bottle Wild Goose due to Prohibition Era laws (that were still then in effect) that restricted brewing and sale of alcohol on the same premises. Wild Goose was only the second micro-brewery to operate in Maryland since Prohibition ended in 1933. The original label of Wild Goose Amber featured both crabs and geese, and in 1990 Wild Goose launched a new brew named \"\"Thomas Point Light,\"\" named after the Thomas Point Shoal Lighthouse. The name was later changed to \"\"Wild Goose Golden\"\" to remove confusion as to whether this was a low calorie beer like Coors Light", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16279687", "chunk_text": "\"Speakeasy Ales and Lagers\"\nSpeakeasy Ales and Lagers Speakeasy Ales & Lagers is a craft brewery that was founded in 1997 by Steve Bruce and Forest Gray in the Hunters Point neighborhood of San Francisco, California, USA. The company brands its beers with references to 1930s prohibition-era mobsters and organized crime. \"\"Prohibition Ale\"\" (an amber ale), the first beer the company produced, and \"\"Big Daddy IPA\"\" (an India Pale Ale), are two of the brewery's most popular beers. Speakeasy beer is primarily available in California, but has been distributed to over thirteen U.S. states and internationally. Speakeasy opened a tap room at the brewery", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4008490", "chunk_text": "Budweiser\nBudweiser Budweiser () is an American-style pale lager produced by Anheuser-Busch, currently part of the transnational corporation Anheuser-Busch InBev. Introduced in 1876 by Carl Conrad & Co. of St. Louis, Missouri, it has grown to become one of the largest selling beers in the United States, and is available in over 80 markets worldwidethough, due to a trademark dispute, not necessarily under the Budweiser name. It is made with up to 30% rice in addition to hops and barley malt. Produced in various breweries around the world, Budweiser is a filtered beer available in draft and packaged forms. Anheuser–Busch has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5536646", "chunk_text": "Pilsner\nPilsner Pilsner (also pilsener or simply pils) is a type of pale lager. It takes its name from the Bohemian city of Pilsen, where it was first produced in 1842. The world’s first blond lager, the original Pilsner Urquell, is still produced there today. The city of Pilsen began brewing in 1295, but until the mid-1840s, most Bohemian beers were top-fermented. The taste and standards of quality often varied widely, and in 1838, consumers dumped whole barrels to show their dissatisfaction. The officials of Pilsen founded a city-owned brewery in 1839, called \"\"Měšťanský pivovar Plzeň\"\" (, – now Pilsner Urquell),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3340	who sings the christmas song all i want for christmas is you?	n/a	[ "Mariah Carey" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059416", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\nAll I Want for Christmas Is You \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" is a Christmas song performed by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey. She wrote and produced the song alongside Walter Afanasieff. Columbia Records released it on November 1, 1994, as the lead single from her fourth studio album and first holiday album, \"\"Merry Christmas\"\" (1994). The track is an uptempo love song that includes bell chimes, heavy back-up vocals, and synthesizers. It is also considered the best-selling modern day Christmas song. Two music videos were commissioned for the song: the song's primary music video features grainy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059440", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\nchart on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 (peaking at No. 83 in January 2000). The song topped the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Digital Songs chart in December 2005, but it was unable to attain a new peak on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart because it was considered a recurrent single and was thus ineligible for chart re-entry.<ref name=billboardall> All I Want for Christmas Is You \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" is a Christmas song performed by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey. She wrote and produced the song alongside Walter Afanasieff. Columbia Records released it on November 1, 1994, as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20127325", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You (Vince Vance & The Valiants song)\"\nAll I Want for Christmas Is You (Vince Vance & The Valiants song) \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" is a Christmas song recorded by American novelty act Vince Vance & the Valiants. Initially released as a single in 1989, Vince Vance's version of the song has charted several times on the \"\"Billboard\"\" country singles charts. It is Vince Vance & the Valiants' only chart entry. \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" is a mid-tempo in triple meter, featuring lead vocals from Lisa Burgess Stewart, who now records under the name Lisa Layne. In it, the female narrator", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17530220", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You (Vince Vance & The Valiants song)\"\n100 Airplay charts), and has re-appeared on the Hot Country Recurrents chart every Christmas since late 2000-early 2001. Sammy Kershaw covered the song on his 1994 album \"\"Christmas Time's A-Comin\"\". Santa's Doo Wop Helpers (Joel Katz, Johnny Maestro, Bobby Jay and Larry Chance) recorded the song in 1996 for various compilation Christmas CDs. LeAnn Rimes covered the song for her 2004 Christmas album \"\"What a Wonderful World\"\". All I Want for Christmas Is You (Vince Vance & The Valiants song) \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" is a Christmas song recorded by American novelty act Vince Vance & the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059418", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\nsong for her second holiday album, \"\"Merry Christmas II You\"\", titled \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You (Extra Festive)\"\". Carey also re-recorded the song as a duet with Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his 2011 album \"\"Under the Mistletoe\"\", titled \"\"All I Want for Christmas for You (SuperFestive!)\"\". The song has also been covered by many artists over the years. In the years since its original release, \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" has been critically acclaimed; it was once called \"\"one of the few worthy modern additions to the holiday canon\"\" in \"\"The New Yorker\"\". It has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11710198", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You (film)\"\nAll I Want for Christmas Is You (film) All I Want For Christmas Is You (also known as Mariah Carey's All I Want For Christmas Is You) is a 2017 direct-to-video computer-animated Christmas film based on the song by Mariah Carey and the book by Carey herself and Colleen Madden. The film stars the voices of Mariah Carey, Breanna Yde, and Henry Winkler. Young Mariah (Breanna Yde) desperately wants a puppy for Christmas, but her parents are not convinced that she should have one. They agree to let Mariah dog-sit the puppy Jack (Dee Bradley Baker) and if she can", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059435", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\nlocked in a Brill Building safe.\"\" In a piece on the song in \"\"Vogue\"\", a writer felt the song's lyrics helped solidify its status over two decades later: \"\"those lyrics could have been sung by Frank Sinatra—well, maybe not Frank, but another singer back then. I think that's what gives it that timeless, classic quality.\"\" \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" received critical acclaim from music critics. Parisien called the song \"\"a year-long banger\"\", complimenting its instrumentation and melody. Steve Morse, editor of \"\"The Boston Globe\"\", wrote that Carey sang with a lot of soul. According to Barry Schwartz", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1943297", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You (film)\"\ntake care of Jack, then she can have a dog of her very own. A soundtrack for this album was released alongside the release of the movie, featuring old christmas classics by Carey as well as a brand new song called \"\"Lil Snowman\"\". All I Want for Christmas Is You (film) All I Want For Christmas Is You (also known as Mariah Carey's All I Want For Christmas Is You) is a 2017 direct-to-video computer-animated Christmas film based on the song by Mariah Carey and the book by Carey herself and Colleen Madden. The film stars the voices of Mariah", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059417", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\nhome-movie-style footage of Carey, her dogs and family during the holiday season, as well as Carey dressed in a Santa suit frolicking on a snowy mountainside. Carey's then-husband Tommy Mottola makes a cameo appearance as Santa Claus, bringing Carey a gift and leaving on a red sleigh. The second video was filmed in black and white, and features Carey dressed in 1960s style in homage to The Ronettes, alongside back up singers and female dancers. Carey has performed \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" during numerous live television appearances and tours throughout her career. In 2010, Carey re-recorded the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9346597", "chunk_text": "\"Christmas music\"\nhis orchestra recorded their version in 1935, followed later by a range of artists including: Frank Sinatra, The Supremes, The Jackson 5, The Beach Boys, and Glenn Campbell. Bruce Springsteen add a rock rendition in 1975. Long-time Christmas classics still dominate the holiday charts — such as \"\"Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!,\"\" \"\"Winter Wonderland,\"\" \"\"Sleigh Ride\"\" and \"\"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas\"\" — new songs to enter the top tier of the season's canon include \"\"Wonderful Christmastime\"\" by Paul McCartney, \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" by Mariah Carey and Walter Afanasieff, and \"\"Last", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13330548", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You: A Night of Joy and Festivity\"\nAll I Want for Christmas Is You: A Night of Joy and Festivity All I Want for Christmas Is You, a Night of Joy and Festivity is the first concert residency by American singer Mariah Carey. Performed annually at the Beacon Theatre in Manhattan, New York, the residency began on December 15, 2014, and concluded on December 17, 2018, after completing six legs and thirty-four shows. \"\"Billboard\"\" revealed that the six dates had sold out with a total of 16,196 tickets while grossing $1.5 million during the first leg of the residency. The main set list for the show encompassed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059419", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\nbecome established as a Christmas standard and continues to surge in popularity each holiday season. The song was commercially successful, topping the charts in the Czech Republic, Denmark, Hungary, the Netherlands, Norway, Slovenia and Sweden while reaching number two in Australia, Austria, Japan, and the United Kingdom, and the top 10 in several other countries. With global sales of over 16 million copies, the song remains Carey's biggest international success and is the 11th best-selling single of all time. As of 2017, the song was reported to have earned $60 million in royalties. Following the success of the singer's 1993", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059437", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\nthe original song to pieces—we blast it while decorating our Christmas tree and lighting our Menorah.\"\" Shona Craven of Scotland's \"\"The Herald\"\", said, \"\"[it's] a song of optimism and joy that maybe, just maybe, hints at the real meaning of Christmas.\"\" Additionally, she felt the main reason it was so successful is the subject \"\"you\"\" in the lyrics, explaining, \"\"Perhaps what makes the song such a huge hit is the fact that it's for absolutely everyone.\"\" Craven opened her review with a bold statement: \"\"Bing Crosby may well be turning in his grave, but no child of the 1980s will", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059434", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\nhalf-century worthy of inclusion in the Great American Songbook.\"\" \"\"The A.V. Club\"\"s Annie Zaleski attributes the song's enduring appeal to its ambiguity in being able to pin it down as belonging to a specific era. Critics also noted the song a tad reminiscent of the works of Judy Garland and Nat King Cole, while also describing it as hearkening back to \"\"'60s and '70s Motown covers of prewar Christmas classics, such as The Jackson 5's [and] Stevie Wonder\"\". \"\"Slate\"\"s Ragusea conceded that \"\"All I Want For Christmas Is You\"\" \"\"sounds like it could have been written in the '40s and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12586372", "chunk_text": "\"Merry Christmas (Mariah Carey album)\"\nMerry Christmas (Mariah Carey album) Merry Christmas is the first Christmas album, and the fourth studio album, by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey. Released by Columbia Records on November 1, 1994, the album features cover versions of popular Christmas tunes and original material. Carey worked with Walter Afanasieff, with whom she wrote all of the original tracks, as well as producing Carey's interpretations of the covered material. The album contains a contemporary holiday theme, and featured \"\"authentic, gospel flavored background vocals\"\". Three singles were released from the album, of which \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" went on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059433", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\nother places. (You might also analyze it as a half-diminished 'ii' 7th chord, but either interpretation seems accurate).\"\" According to Roch Parisien from AllMusic, the song contains \"\"The Beach Boys-style harmonies, jangling bells, and a sleigh-ride pace, injecting one of the few bits of exuberant fun in this otherwise vanilla set.\"\" Critics have noted the song's 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s influences which, in conjunction with Carey's voice and its simple melody, heralded its recipe for success. In discussing the song's chord progression and stylistic approaches, \"\"Slate\"\"s Adam Ragusea hailed the song as \"\"the only Christmas song written in the last", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6181263", "chunk_text": "\"Christmas music\"\nMud's \"\"Lonely This Christmas\"\", \"\"Walking in the Air\"\" by Aled Jones, Shakin' Stevens' \"\"Merry Christmas Everyone\"\", Chris Rea's \"\"Driving Home for Christmas\"\" and \"\"Mistletoe and Wine\"\" and \"\"Saviour's Day\"\" by Cliff Richard. The best Christmas song \"\"to get adults and children in the festive spirit for the party season in 2016\"\" was judged by the \"\"Daily Mirror\"\" to be \"\"Fairytale of New York\"\". Mariah Carey's \"\"All I Want For Christmas is You\"\" was declared \"\"the UK’s favourite Christmas song,\"\" narrowly beating out \"\"Fairytale of New York\"\" according to a \"\"points system\"\" created by The Independent in 2017. Both score well", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14133831", "chunk_text": "\"Finally It's Christmas\"\nFinally It's Christmas Finally It's Christmas is the second Christmas album by American pop rock group Hanson. The band wrote and produced the album with Mark Hudson, who also collaborated on the band's first Christmas release, \"\"Snowed In\"\" (1997). Several of the band's children also make appearances in some songs. The album was released on October 27, 2017. Taylor Hanson on why it took so long to do another Christmas album: The album features a mix of classic Christmas covers from Elvis Presley's \"\"Blue Christmas\"\" to Mariah Carey's \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" (renamed \"\"All I Want for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1843792", "chunk_text": "\"Christmas music\"\nas an edited version in 1970. \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" magazine ranked Darlene Love's version of \"\"Christmas (Baby Please Come Home)\"\" (1963) first on its list of The Greatest Rock and Roll Christmas Songs in December 2010. Carey's \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\", co-written by Carey and Walter Afanasieff, was No. 1 on Billboard's Holiday Digital Songs chart in December 2013. \"\"Fairytale of New York\"\" by The Pogues is cited as the best Christmas song of all time in various television, radio and magazine related polls in the U.K. and Ireland. Approximately half of the 30 best-selling Christmas songs by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059431", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\nthe song merrily bouncing along.\"\" Lyrically, the song describes the yearning desire to be with a loved one for Christmas, regardless of whether they have to forgo the usual commercial aspect of the holiday season such as ornamental lights, trees, snow and presents. The song incorporates various instruments, including piano, drums, violin, oboe, flute, bell chimes, bass effect, and cowbells. The song layers background vocals throughout the chorus and sections of the bridge. \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" is played at an original tempo of 150.162 beats per minute. According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes.com by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20384078", "chunk_text": "\"Under the Mistletoe\"\ncollaborating with Bieber on the album.<ref name=\"\"Other Collaborations/Name Release\"\"></ref> On September 30, 2011, Bieber released the official album cover and album name on Facebook. On October 4, 2011, Mariah Carey revealed that she and Bieber recorded her song \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" as a duet for the new album. Justin's version of the song \"\"Santa Claus Is Coming To Town\"\" from the motion picture Arthur Christmas, as samples the song \"\"I Want You Back\"\" by the \"\"Jackson 5\"\". The album's first single \"\"Mistletoe\"\", was written and produced with The Messengers, and it was released on October 17,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10347422", "chunk_text": "\"Walter Afanasieff\"\nthe 1996 Grammy Awards for Record of the Year and Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals, and received the ASCAP Song of the Year Award for 1996. In 1994, released the Christmas song \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\". He and Mariah Carey produced and composed the song by Columbia Records. Worldwide sale of over 14 million copies of the song, In 2009 Walter started working with Russian singer Yulia Nachalova. Their album \"\"Wild Butterfly\"\" was released in 2012 on iTunes. They later produced a video \"\"Zhdi menya\"\" (Wait for me) in Russian, released on iTunes in 2015. In 2014", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7189483", "chunk_text": "\"My Only Wish (song)\"\nMy Only Wish (song) \"\"My Only Wish\"\" is a holiday song written by Jessica Simpson, Aaron Pearce and Christopher Stewart, recorded by American singer-songwriter Jessica Simpson. It was released by Primary Wave Records on November 22, 2010 as the lead single from her seventh studio album, \"\"Happy Christmas\"\". The track received mixed reviews from music critics, with some commentators criticizing the song's close similarity to past hit \"\"All I Want for Christmas is You\"\". It premiered at \"\"On Air with Ryan Seacrest\"\" and the official Jessica Simpson website, jessicasimpson.com, on November 11, 2010. Simpson also notably allowed the song's free", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7189486", "chunk_text": "\"My Only Wish (song)\"\nwith Salvation Army Christmas bells and fireside pianos. GAWKER commented, \"\"Is Jessica Simpson's New Christmas Song a Complete Mariah Carey Rip Off?\"\". Jessica Simpson debuted the first single from her upcoming Christmas album, called, \"\"My Only Wish (For Christmas Is You).\"\" One problem: it's a total rip off of Mariah Carey's \"\"All I Want For Christmas Is You.\"\" My Only Wish (song) \"\"My Only Wish\"\" is a holiday song written by Jessica Simpson, Aaron Pearce and Christopher Stewart, recorded by American singer-songwriter Jessica Simpson. It was released by Primary Wave Records on November 22, 2010 as the lead single from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9000279", "chunk_text": "\"Vince Vance & the Valiants\"\nVince Vance & the Valiants Vince Vance & the Valiants are a country pop, rock and roll and novelty musical group from New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. The title character Vince Vance is portrayed by Andy Stone, the only permanent member of the group. He was born Andrew John Franichevich Jr. The remainder of the Valiants (or, if female, Valiantettes) are rotating musicians. The group's most sustained hit record, and one that is uncharacteristic of their usual stylings, is the country ballad \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\", which charted on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs charts on six", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17530217", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You (Vince Vance & The Valiants song)\"\n(Layne), explains that she does not want Christmas decorations or gifts from Santa Claus. Instead, all she wants for Christmas is her lover. The melody used in the song is based on Bobby Vinton's number 9 pop hit single from early 1964, \"\"My Heart Belongs to Only You,\"\" with a few minor alterations. In his review of the album \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\", Allmusic reviewer Jason Birchmeier referred to the song as a \"\"holiday favorite within the country community during the '90s\"\" but noted that the rest of the album was not \"\"remotely worth bothering with.\"\" Having", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20332724", "chunk_text": "\"Oh Santa!\"\nDecember 7, while a mix of \"\"Oh Santa! and one of Carey's previous Christmas songs \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\", titled \"\"Oh Santa! All I Want for Christmas Is You (Holiday Mashup)\"\", was released on December 17. \"\"Oh Santa!\"\" is an up-tempo and festive R&B song, which lasts for a duration of three minutes, thirty-one seconds. It has a 1960s girl-group swing feel. The song, in the key of C♯ major, has a tempo of 80 beats per minute. Carey's voice spans more than three octaves, from B to the high note of F. Instrumentation consists of sleigh", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9482881", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas (film)\"\nAll I Want for Christmas (film) All I Want for Christmas is a 1991 American romantic comedy film directed by Robert Lieberman, and starring Harley Jane Kozak, Lauren Bacall, Thora Birch, Ethan Randall, and Leslie Nielsen. The score was composed by Bruce Broughton, including a theme-setting song by Stephen Bishop. In New York City, siblings Ethan (Ethan Randall) and Hallie O'Fallon (Thora Birch) launch a hilarious scheme to get what they most want for Christmas involving their parents, Catherine (Harley Jane Kozak) and Michael (Jamey Sheridan), and grandmother, Lillian (Lauren Bacall). When Hallie meets Santa Claus (Leslie Nielsen), she asks", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17530218", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You (Vince Vance & The Valiants song)\"\nreceived frequent rotation on country radio and adult contemporary radio during the Christmas season since its 1993 re-release, \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" is also the most-played country music Christmas song. The song was also made into a music video directed by Steve Dunning. The song first charted in early 1994 based on airplay from the 1993 Christmas season, peaking at #55 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts on the chart week of January 8, 1994. It re-entered in December 1994, reaching a new peak of #52 on the chart week", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17530219", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You (Vince Vance & The Valiants song)\"\nof January 7, 1995. The song re-entered the country charts again every January afterward, each time peaking higher than the last (confusion with the Mariah Carey hit song of the same name, released in 1994, may have accounted for increased exposure); it did not appear in the 1998-99 holiday season but again charted for the final time in January 2000, reaching its peak on that chart of 31. Although it never charted on the country charts again, it peaked at #23 on the Hot 100 Recurrent Airplay chart in 2002 (despite having never entered the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 or Hot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059421", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\ntowards the end of a musician's waning career. Afanasieff recalled his sentiments during initial discussions for a holiday record: \"\"Back then, you didn't have a lot of artists with Christmas albums. It wasn't a known science at all back then, and there was nobody who did new, big Christmas songs. So we were going to release it as kind of an everyday, 'Hey, you know, we're putting out a Christmas album. No big deal.'\"\" Ultimately, with Mottola's persistence, Carey and Afanasieff began writing songs for its parent album \"\"Merry Christmas\"\" during the summer of 1994. \"\"All I Want for Christmas", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059429", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\nChristmas Time)\"\" and the \"\"Gospel-tinged and religious\"\" \"\"Jesus Born on This Day\"\". The third and final original song the pair planned to write was to be centered and inspired and in the vein of a \"\"Phil Spector, old rock 'n roll, sixties-sounding Christmas song\"\". The song begins with a \"\"sparking\"\" bit of percussion \"\"that resembles an antique music box or a whimsical snow globe.\"\" After Carey's a cappella style vocal introduction, the song introduces other seasonal percussive signifiers including; celebratory church-like bells, cheerful sleigh bells, and \"\"an underlying rhythmic beat that sounds like the loping pace of a horse or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5839284", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is My Two Front Teeth\"\nby the whole country.\"\" The song was published in 1948 after an employee of Witmark music company heard Gardner sing it at a music teachers conference. The song was introduced in 1948 by singing group The Satisfiers on Perry Como's radio show, and originally recorded by Spike Jones & His City Slickers on December 6, 1947, with lead vocal by George Rock. That version (released by RCA Victor) reached the top of the pop charts in 1948, and again in 1949. The song has also been recorded by numerous other singers and performers, including Ray Stevens, George Strait, Danny Kaye", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17672380", "chunk_text": "\"Christmas (Michael Bublé album)\"\nfull-length holiday release. For the album, Bublé teamed up with several well-known artists to record duets. His duet version of \"\"White Christmas\"\" with country music singer Shania Twain was based on an early arrangement by The Drifters, while his recording of \"\"Jingle Bells\"\" with The Puppini Sisters was based on the 1943 recording of Bing Crosby and The Andrews Sisters. He also teamed up with Latin star Thalía for a recording of \"\"Feliz Navidad\"\". Bublé also recorded covers of Mariah Carey's \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\", and \"\"Blue Christmas\"\", and a brand new track, \"\"Cold December Night\"\", written", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3710413", "chunk_text": "\"Snow Blankets the Night\"\nSnow Blankets the Night Snow Blankets the Night is an EP by the American singer-songwriter Teddy Geiger. Following the success of her debut album \"\"Underage Thinking\"\", Geiger released a six song Christmas EP on December 12, 2006 only through the U.S. iTunes. The EP includes an original Christmas song written by Geiger herself entitled \"\"I Found an Angel\"\" and two other new original songs, \"\"Listen\"\" and \"\"Our Eyes\"\" as well. A cover of Mariah Carey's \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" is also featured on the EP, also containing live versions of her singles \"\"These Walls\"\" and \"\"For You", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059432", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\nSony/ATV Music Publishing, the song is set in common time and in the key of G major. Carey's vocal range in the song spans from the note of G to the high note of A. Carey wrote the song's lyrics and melody, while Afanasieff arranged and produced the piece with synthetically created computerized equipment. \"\"Slate\"\"s Ragusea counts \"\"at least 13 distinct chords at work, resulting in a sumptuously chromatic melody. The song also includes what I consider the most Christmassy chord of all—a minor subdominant, or 'iv,' chord with an added 6, under the words 'underneath the Christmas tree,' among", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14586875", "chunk_text": "\"Extraordinary Merry Christmas\"\non August 1, 2012. The episode itself has the same name as an original song on that album, \"\"Extraordinary Merry Christmas\"\", which was written for \"\"Glee\"\" by the show's executive music producer Adam Anders, song producer Peer Åström, and Shelly Peiken, and is sung on the second Christmas soundtrack album by Michele and Criss, who also perform it in the episode. The episode also includes covers of eight songs, seven of which are from the soundtrack album: Mariah Carey's \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" performed by Riley, Elvis Presley's \"\"Blue Christmas\"\" sung by McGinty, Joni Mitchell's \"\"River\"\" performed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "967222", "chunk_text": "\"Merry Christmas (Mariah Carey album)\"\nwell as reentering many times throughout the years. In the US, \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" is one of the few songs in recent years to be considered a classic and is the only holiday song and ringtone to reach multi-Platinum status in the US. \"\"Merry Christmas\"\" has sold 15 million copies worldwide, and is the best-selling Christmas album of all time. On March 21, 2017, Carey announced via her Twitter account that a film based on \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" is being developed. A musical film based on \"\"Merry Christmas\"\", the plot revolves around", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20422490", "chunk_text": "\"Atomic Tom\"\nat their LA home studio, \"\"The Alamo\"\" and were offered as a free download for fans. On July 30, 2013, Atomic Tom released their new single \"\"Music Makes The Heart Grow Stronger\"\" from their forthcoming record on iTunes along with a brand new lyric video for the song. On December 18, Atomic Tom released a video of their cover of Mariah Carey's \"\"All I Want for Christmas is You\"\" on YouTube with a free download on Soundcloud. Atomic Tom Atomic Tom is an alternative rock band originally from Brooklyn, New York, now living in Los Angeles, California, consisting of Luke", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18118599", "chunk_text": "\"My Only Wish (song)\"\nand dance-pop style. \"\"My Only Wish\"\" is a love song, a good rhythm Christmas, featuring pop music and traditional rhythms, drum notes, and hard knocks and grooves. Background vocals are present throughout the chorus. \"\"My Only Wish\"\" received mixed reviews from music critics. It has been compared to \"\"All I Want for Christmas is You\"\" by Mariah Carey. Grace Cicciotti of iphone.funweek, commented, the two items in question, in fact, closely resemble, perhaps too much. \"\"My only wish\"\", written by \"\"The-Dream\"\" has the same melody of \"\"All I Want for Christmas is You ', the same high note and even", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14894802", "chunk_text": "\"Ivi Adamou\"\napart from their own songs, they performed a Christmas song each along with Theofanous' choir. The songs were included in an album that was released along with a Cypriot newspaper. Adamou performed a cover of Mariah Carey's \"\"All I Want For Christmas is You\"\". Adamou has appeared on several TV shows and awards including her participation on the second season of \"\"The X Factor\"\" and the Eurovision Song Contest 2012. In 2015 and 2016, she starred in \"\"\"\". Adamou's debut extended play was certified gold for selling over 60,000 copies. Her second extended play, Christmas with Ivi Adamou, was certified", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13922476", "chunk_text": "\"Holiday Wishes (Idina Menzel album)\"\nbegins with a cover of the holiday standard \"\"Do You Hear What I Hear?\"\", the recording of which was inspired by American singer Whitney Houston's rendition. The fifth song is a cover of \"\"All I Want for Christmas is You\"\", which was originally recorded and made famous by American singer Mariah Carey. Menzel opted to record the track using an arrangement that producer Walter Afanasieff, who co-wrote and produced Carey's version, had never been able to use before. The seventh track \"\"December Prayer\"\" is the only original song featured on the album, which has been described by Randy Lewis of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19937672", "chunk_text": "\"Merry Christmas II You\"\nsinger's \"\"deeper, throatier tones\"\" and \"\"octave-scaling high notes\"\". It is followed by \"\"One Child\"\", written by Carey and Marc Shaiman, a retelling of the nativity of Jesus. It encompasses a range of genres, including Christmas, adult contemporary, urban contemporary and religious music. \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You – Extra Festive\"\" is a re-recording of the original, which makes use of extra chimes, \"\"beefier\"\" production with softened bell rings and an added kick drum and new vocals. The final track is a rewrite of \"\"Auld Lang Syne\"\" by Scottish poet and lyricist Robert Burns, which was written in 1788", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9266624", "chunk_text": "\"Mariah Carey\"\nRoss's \"\"Endless Love\"\". Carey's album \"\"Merry Christmas\"\" was released on November 1, 1994, on the same day that the album's first single, \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\", was released. The album eventually became the best-selling Christmas album of all time, with global sales reaching over 15 million copies. Upon its release, \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" was critically praised, and is considered \"\"one of the few worthy modern additions to the holiday canon.\"\" \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" described it as a \"\"holiday standard and ranked it fourth on its Greatest Rock and Roll Christmas Songs list. Commercially, it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18167411", "chunk_text": "\"The Darcys\"\nannounced the band will be going forward as a duo consisting of founding members Jason Couse and Wes Marskell. On August 10, 2016, The Darcys announced their new album, \"\"Centerfold\"\", would be released on November 4, 2016. The album is said to be a drastic shift in sound from the band's previous records. The Darcys planned to release a cover of Mariah Carey's \"\"All I Want for Christmas is You\"\" in December 2016. The Darcys were in the line-up for the Wayhome summer 2017 music festival in Oro-Medonte, Ontario. The Darcys The Darcys are a Canadian two-piece art rock band", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059422", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\nIs You\"\" was recorded that August and took 15 minutes to compose. Often referencing herself a festive person and demonstrating a usual penchant for her love of all things Christmas, Carey began decorating the home she shared with Mottola in upstate New York (which also came equipped with a personal recording studio) with Christmas ornaments and other holiday-inspired trinkets. In doing so, Carey felt she could capture the essence and spirit of what she was singing and make her vocal performance and delivery more emotive and authentic. The songwriting pair carved out the chords, structure and melody for the song", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6125207", "chunk_text": "\"Christmas Favorites (Sara Niemietz EP)\"\nChristmas Favorites (Sara Niemietz EP) Christmas Favorites (2012) is an EP album introduced for digital distribution by Sara Niemietz. 2012 was Sara Niemietz' third year for publishing traditional Christmas song covers, teaming with Randy Kerber on \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\" (Vince Vance & The Valiants) in 2010. In 2011, a various-artists, compilation album was released on YouTube and iTunes (\"\"A YouTube Christmas\"\") with Niemietz and Kerber performing Bing Crosby's, 1943 top ten hit, \"\"I'll Be Home for Christmas\"\". \"\"Christmas Favorites\"\" was recorded at Taylor Made Studios and co-produced by Emmy Award winner W. G. Snuffy Walden. Walden", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9059425", "chunk_text": "\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\nto write than some of the other ones. It was very formulaic, not a lot of chord changes. I tried to make it a little more unique, putting in some special chords that you really don't hear a lot of, which made it unique and special. Then for the next week or two Mariah would call me and say, 'What do you think about this bit?' We would talk a little bit until she got the lyrics all nicely coordinated and done. And then we just waited until the sessions began, which were in the summer of '94 where we", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2648238", "chunk_text": "\"Santa Looked a Lot Like Daddy\"\nSanta Looked a Lot Like Daddy \"\"Santa Looked a Lot Like Daddy\"\" is a Christmas song co-written and recorded by Buck Owens. After its recording in 1965, the song has been covered by several country music artists, including Garth Brooks, Travis Tritt, and Brad Paisley. The song was released on November 8, 1965, with \"\"All I Want for Christmas, Dear, Is You\"\" on the B-side. It placed at number 2 on the yearly Christmas singles chart issued by \"\"Billboard\"\" at the time. The song is about a child who has sneaked downstairs to catch a glimpse of Santa where the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19901640", "chunk_text": "\"Christmas (Michael Bublé album)\"\nwith his longtime co-writer Alan Chang and producer Bob Rock. The album's track listing was unveiled by Bublé on September 27, 2011. Bublé filmed several music videos in order to promote the album, including videos for the tracks \"\"Santa Claus Is Coming to Town\"\", the lead single \"\"All I Want for Christmas Is You\"\", \"\"Holly Jolly Christmas\"\", \"\"Christmas (Baby Please Come Home)\"\", \"\"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas\"\", and \"\"Jingle Bells\"\". Bublé also appeared to perform during the final of the eighth series of \"\"The X Factor\"\" in the United Kingdom on December 11, 2011. Bublé's recording of \"\"All I", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3341	who had a baby at 100 in the bible?	n/a	[ "Sarah", "Abraham" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8536160", "chunk_text": "Vayeira\nends here with the end of chapter As the reading continues in chapter God took note of Sarah, and she bore Abraham a son as God had predicted, and Abraham named him Isaac. Abraham circumcised Isaac when he was eight days old. The fourth reading (, \"\"aliyah\"\") ends here. In the fifth reading (, \"\"aliyah\"\"), Abraham was 100 years old when Isaac was born, and Sarah remarked that God had brought her laughter and everyone would laugh with her about her bearing Abraham a child in his old age. Abraham held a great feast on the day that Sarah weaned", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13981272", "chunk_text": "\"Women in the Bible\"\nIshmael was 13, Abraham received the covenant practice of circumcision, and circumcised every male of his household. Later \"\"Sarah became pregnant and bore a son to Abraham in his old age, at the very time God had promised him. Abraham gave the name Isaac to the son Sarah bore him. When his son Isaac was eight days old, Abraham circumcised him, as God had commanded him. Abraham was a hundred years old when his son Isaac was born to him\"\" (Genesis 21:1-5). Hagar and Ishmael are sent away again and this time they do not return. Frymer-Kensky says \"\"This story", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3890643", "chunk_text": "Abraham\nand told Abraham, \"\"I will give thee a son also of her\"\". Abraham laughed, and \"\"said in his heart, 'Shall a \"\"child\"\" be born unto him that is a hundred years old? and shall Sarah, that is ninety years old, bear?'\"\" Immediately after Abraham's encounter with God, he had his entire household of men, including himself (age 99) and Ishmael (age 13), circumcised. Not long afterward, during the heat of the day, Abraham had been sitting at the entrance of his tent by the terebinths of Mamre. He looked up and saw three men in the presence of God. Then", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6331288", "chunk_text": "Sarah\nwas Abram's wife and demanded that they leave Egypt immediately. After having lived in Canaan for ten years and still childless, Sarai suggested that Abram have a child with her Egyptian handmaid Hagar, to which he agreed. This resulted in tension between Sarai and Hagar, and Sarai complained to her husband that the handmaid no longer respected her. At one point, Hagar fled from her mistress but returned after angels met her. She gave birth to Abram's son Ishmael when Abram was eighty-six years old. In when Abram was ninety-nine years old, God declared his new name: \"\"Abraham\"\" – \"\"a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7545201", "chunk_text": "Lech-Lecha\nand rulers. Abraham threw himself on his face and laughed at the thought that a child could be born to a man of a hundred and a woman of ninety, and Abraham asked God to bless Ishmael. But God told him that Sarah would bear Abraham a son, and Abraham was to name him Isaac, and God would maintain the everlasting covenant with him and his offspring. In response to Abraham's prayer, God blessed Ishmael as well and promised to make him exceedingly numerous, the father of twelve chieftains and a great nation. But God would maintain the covenant with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12838182", "chunk_text": "Shem\n10:21 refers to relative ages of Shem and his brother Japheth, but with sufficient ambiguity to have yielded different English translations. The verse is translated in the King James Version as: \"\"Unto Shem also, the father of all the children of Eber, the brother of Japheth the elder, even to him were children born.\"\" However, the New American Standard Bible gives: \"\"Also to Shem, the father of all the children of Eber, and the older brother of Japheth, children were born\"\". According to Genesis 10:22-31 (\"\"Jewish Publication Society Translation\"\" of 1917): Genesis 11:10 records that Shem was 100 years old", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12013554", "chunk_text": "Isaac\nSarah was past the age of childbearing; both she and Abraham were advanced in age. Later, when Sarah overheard three messengers of the Lord renew the promise, she laughed inwardly for the same reason. Sarah denied laughing when God questioned Abraham about it. In Amos, Isaac is spelled not with a צ but with a ש - Amos 7:9 ישחק. It was prophesied to the patriarch Abraham that he would have a son and that his name should be Isaac. When Abraham became one hundred years old, this son was born to him by his first wife Sarah. Though this", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4171919", "chunk_text": "Sarah\nher age was as nothing to God. Sarah soon became pregnant and bore a son to Abraham, at the very time which had been spoken. The patriarch, then a hundred years old, named the child \"\"Isaac\"\" (Hebrew yitschaq, \"\"laughter\"\") and circumcised him when he was eight days old. For Sarah, the thought of giving birth and nursing a child, at such an old age, also brought her much laughter, as she declared, \"\"God had made me to laugh, \"\"[so that]\"\" all that hear will laugh with me.\"\" Abraham held a great feast on the day when Isaac was to be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13981271", "chunk_text": "\"Women in the Bible\"\nthe age of childbearing. So Sarah laughed to herself as she thought, “After I am worn out and my lord is old, will I now have this pleasure?” (Genesis 18:10-15). Sarah gives her slave Hagar to Abraham and he has sexual relations with her and she becomes pregnant. Sarah hopes to build a family through Hagar, but Hagar \"\"began to despise her mistress\"\" (Genesis 16:4). Then Sarah mistreated Hagar, and she fled. God spoke to the slave Hagar in the desert, sent her home, and she bore Abraham a son, Ishmael, \"\"a wild donkey of a man\"\" (Genesis 16:12). When", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20116288", "chunk_text": "\"Commodification of the womb\"\nSurrogacy has been a practice throughout history yet has become more popular in the modern day. In the Bible, Rachel who was infertile, gives her handmaid Bilhah to her husband Jacob to bear him children. The two children, Dan and Naphtali whom Bilhah gave birth to were given names by Rachel who was considered their mother following birth. This was the earliest biblical example of surrogacy. From the Middle Ages to modern times, other reproductive services have also been supplied for a fee. For example, in the Middle Ages a wet nurse would feed and care for another woman's child,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1904545", "chunk_text": "\"Enos (biblical figure)\"\nthe genealogy of the Prophet Muhammad, (Arabic: \"\"’Anūsh\"\" أَنُوش or [commonly]: \"\"Yānish\"\" يَانِش). According to Genesis, Seth was 105 years old when Enos was born (but the Septuagint version gives 205 years), and Seth had further sons and daughters. He was the grandson of Adam and Eve (; ). According to Seder Olam Rabbah, based on Jewish reckoning, he was born in AM 235. According to the Septuagint, it was in AM 435. Enos was the father of Kenan, who was born when Enos was 90 years old (or 190 years, according to the Septuagint). According to the Bible he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4850824", "chunk_text": "\"Eli (biblical figure)\"\nwas a Judge of Israel for a total of 40 years, and dies at the age of 98. His daughter-in-law, the wife of Phinehas, is pregnant and near the time of delivery. When she hears the news that the Ark of God has been captured and that her father-in-law and husband are dead, she goes into labour and gives birth, but is overcome by labour pains. As she is dying, the women attending her say, \"\"Don't despair; you have given birth to a son.\"\" But she does not respond or pay any attention. She names the boy Ichabod, saying \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10214200", "chunk_text": "Methuselah\nMethuselah Methuselah ( \"\"Metushelaḥ\"\" \"\"Man of the javelin\"\" or \"\"Man of Selah\"\") is a biblical patriarch and a figure in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Said to have died at the age of 969, he lived the longest of all figures mentioned in the Bible. According to the Book of Genesis, Methuselah was the son of Enoch, the father of Lamech, and the grandfather of Noah. Elsewhere in the Bible, Methuselah is mentioned in genealogies in 1st Chronicles and the Gospel of Luke. His life is described in further detail in extra-biblical religious texts such as the Book of Enoch, Slavonic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17907848", "chunk_text": "Ishmael\n(). God also mentioned that \"\"He will be a wild donkey of a man, His hand will be over everyone, And everyone's hand will be against him; And he will live to the east of all his brothers.\"\"(). A year later, Ishmael's half-brother Isaac was born to Abraham by his first wife Sarah when she was 90 years old (), after she had ceased showing any signs of fertility (). On the day of feasting during which Abraham celebrated the weaning of Isaac, Ishmael was \"\"mocking\"\" or \"\"playing with\"\" Isaac (the Hebrew word מְצַחֵֽק \"\"meṣaḥeq\"\" is ambiguous) and Sarah asked", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8679117", "chunk_text": "Isaac\nbirth to a child and was believed to be barren. Isaac prayed for her and she conceived. Rebekah gave birth to twin boys, Esau and Jacob. Isaac was 60 years old when his two sons were born. Isaac favored Esau, and Rebekah favored Jacob. The narratives about Isaac do not mention him having concubines. Isaac moved to \"\"Beer-lahai-roi\"\" after his father died. When the land experienced famine, he removed to the Philistine land of Gerar where his father once lived. This land was still under the control of King Abimelech as it was in the days of Abraham. Like his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8280268", "chunk_text": "Hagar\nas 1988, Anna Goldman-Amirav in \"\"Reproductive and Genetic Engineering\"\" wrote of Hagar within \"\"the Biblical 'battle of the wombs' [which] lay the foundation for the view of women, fertility, and sexuality in the patriarchal society\"\". Hagar Hagar (, \"\"Hagar\"\", of uncertain origin; Hājar; ) is a biblical person in the Book of Genesis. She was an Egyptian handmaid of Sarai (Sarah), who gave her to Abraham to bear a child. The product of the union was Abraham's firstborn, Ishmael, the progenitor of the Ishmaelites. Various commentators have connected her to the Hagrites, perhaps as their eponymous ancestor. The name \"\"Hagar\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2478874", "chunk_text": "Benjamin\nbe translated literally as \"\"spirit man\"\" but is in line with the interpretation that the name was a reference to the advanced age of Jacob when Benjamin was born. According to classical rabbinical sources, Benjamin was only born after Rachel had fasted for a long time, as a religious devotion with the hope of a new child as a reward. By then Jacob had become over 100 years old. Benjamin is treated as a young child in most of the Biblical narrative, but at one point is abruptly described as the father of ten sons. Textual scholars believe that this", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13483845", "chunk_text": "\"Chronology of the Bible\"\ntheir schematizations of time. These chronologies include: It should be noted that some data in this table are questionable. For example, Genesis 11:10 states that Shem was 100 years old when he gave birth to his son two years after the flood. The statement (Gn 5:32) that Noah was 500 years old when his sons were born, means that they were born starting then. Some commentators state that Shem was the youngest of the three, which could mean that he was born two years later in order to make his age 100 two years after the flood. If one starts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7185600", "chunk_text": "\"Jared (biblical figure)\"\nEnoch went on to marry Edna, according to \"\"Jubilees\"\", and the sole named grandchild of Jared is Enoch's son Methuselah, the longest-living human mentioned in the Bible (, , ). Additionally, Jared was a forefather of Noah and his three sons. Jared's age was given as 962 years old when he died, making him the second-oldest person mentioned in the Hebrew Bible and the Septuagint. In the Samaritan Pentateuch, his age was 62 at fatherhood and only 847 at death, making Noah the oldest and Jared the seventh-oldest. Jared is also mentioned in Islam in the \"\"Qisas Al-Anbiya\"\", which mentions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14477845", "chunk_text": "Abraham\ndug the well, he also gave Abimelech seven ewes for proof. Because of this sworn oath, they called the place of this well: Beersheba. After Abimelech and Phicol headed back to Philistia, Abraham planted a grove in Beersheba and called upon \"\"the name of the , the everlasting God.\"\" As had been prophesied in Mamre the previous year, Sarah became pregnant and bore a son to Abraham, on the first anniversary of the covenant of circumcision. Abraham was \"\"an hundred years old\"\", when his son whom he named Isaac was born; and he circumcised him when he was eight days", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15361920", "chunk_text": "Rebecca\nher face before marrying Isaac. Then the bridegroom (or the father of the bride, or the officiating rabbi) recites the same blessing over the bride that Rebecca's family recited over her, \"\"Our sister, may you come to be thousands of myriads, and may your offspring inherit the gate of its foes.\"\" According to the traditional counting cited by Rashi, Isaac was 37 years old at the time of the Binding of Isaac; Sarah, who gave birth to Isaac when she was 90, died after the binding when she was 127 years old, making Isaac around 37 at that time. Isaac", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11746907", "chunk_text": "Rebecca\nof Ishmael helps to date various events in Jacob's life and, by implication, the age of Rebecca at her death. Ishmael was born when Abraham was 86 years old (Gen. 16:16) and died at the age of 137 (Gen. 25:17). Isaac was born when Abraham was 100 (Gen. 21:5); at that time Ishmael was 14. Jacob and Esau were born when Isaac was 60 (Gen. 25:26); at that time Ishmael was 74. Right after Jacob receives the blessings and flees to Laban, the Torah states that Esau married \"\"Mahalat, the daughter of Ishmael, son of Abraham, \"\"sister of Nebaiot\"\"\"\" (Gen.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13981274", "chunk_text": "\"Women in the Bible\"\nSince there are no men around except Lot, the daughters decide to make him drink wine and have him unknowingly impregnate them. They each have a son, Moab and Ben-Ammi. Potiphar's Wife, whose false accusations of Joseph leads to his imprisonment. Pharaoh's Daughter, who rescues and cares for the infant Moses. Puah and Shiphrah, two Hebrew midwives who disobey Pharao's command to kill all newborn Hebrew boys. God favors them for this. Moses' wife Zipporah, who saves his life when God intends to kill him. Miriam, Moses' sister, a prophetess. The book of Joshua tells the story of Rahab the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13483846", "chunk_text": "\"Chronology of the Bible\"\nfrom two years after the flood (no matter what the age of Shem was) and adds the ages of his descendants, Abraham was born in 1948 AM. Isaac was born when Abraham was 100 years old in 2048. According to some commentators the Exodus is dated as 400 years after the birth of Isaac (from Genesis 15:13), making it 2448. According to others the 430 year time mentioned in Exodus 12:40 is dated from the descent of Jacob to Aegypt, making it 2668. The temple was built 480 years after the Exodus, in the fourth year of King Solomon's rein,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14370357", "chunk_text": "Peleg\nPeleg Peleg () is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible as one of the two sons of Eber, an ancestor of the Israelites, according to the \"\"Table of Nations\"\" in and . Peleg's son was Reu, born when Peleg was thirty, and he had other sons and daughters. According to the Hebrew Bible, Peleg lived to the age of 239 years. () In the Septuagint and some Christian Bibles derived from it, Peleg is called Phaleg and his father is called Heber. His son is called Ragau, born when Phaleg was 130 years old, and he had other sons and daughters.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9163939", "chunk_text": "Jacob\ninquire of God why she was suffering. She received the prophecy that twins were fighting in her womb and would continue to fight all their lives, even after they became two separate nations. The prophecy also said that \"\"the one people shall be stronger than the other people; and the elder shall serve the younger;\"\" (Genesis 25:25 KJV) When the time came for Rebecca to give birth, the firstborn, Esau, came out covered with red hair, as if he were wearing a hairy garment, and his heel was grasped by the hand of Jacob, the secondborn. According to , Isaac", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1705737", "chunk_text": "Bilhah\nBilhah Bilhah (בִּלְהָה \"\"unworried\"\", Standard Hebrew \"\"Bilha\"\", Tiberian Hebrew \"\"Bilhâ\"\") is a person mentioned in the Book of Genesis. describes her as Laban's handmaid, who was given to Rachel to be her handmaid on Rachel's marriage to Jacob. When Rachel failed to have children, Rachel gave Bilhah to Jacob \"\"to wife\"\" to bear him children. Bilhah gave birth to two sons, who Rachel claimed as her own and named Dan and Naphtali. expressly calls Bilhah Jacob's concubine, a \"\"pilegesh\"\". The Testament of Naftali says that Bilhah and Zilpah's father was named Rotheus. He was taken into captivity but redeemed by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5653492", "chunk_text": "Esau\ntwins, Esau was the first to be born with Jacob following, holding his heel. Isaac was sixty years old when the boys were born. Esau, a \"\"man of the field\"\", became a hunter who had \"\"rough\"\" qualities that distinguished him from his twin brother. Among these qualities were his red hair and noticeable hairiness. Jacob was a shy or simple man, depending on the translation of the Hebrew word \"\"tam\"\" (which also means \"\"relatively perfect man\"\"). Throughout Genesis, Esau is frequently shown as being supplanted by his younger twin, Jacob (Israel). Genesis 25:25 narrates Esau's birth, \"\"Now the first came", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "513151", "chunk_text": "Israelites\nhim in a woven basket, and sends him down the Nile river. He is named Mosheh, or Moses, by the Egyptians who find him. Being a Hebrew baby, they award a Hebrew woman the task of raising him, the mother of Moses volunteers, and the child and his mother are reunited. At the age of forty Moses kills an Egyptian, after he sees him beating a Hebrew to death, and escapes as a fugitive into the Sinai desert, where he is taken in by the Midianites and marries Zipporah, the daughter of the Midianite priest Jethro. When he is eighty", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14001181", "chunk_text": "Noah\nPatriarchs. The maximum human lifespan, as depicted by the Bible, diminishes thereafter, from almost 1,000 years to the 120 years of Moses. After the flood, the Bible says that Noah became a husbandman and he planted a vineyard. He drank wine made from this vineyard, and got drunk; and lay \"\"uncovered\"\" within his tent. Noah's son Ham, the father of Canaan, saw his father naked and told his brothers, which led to Ham's son Canaan being cursed by Noah. As early as the Classical era, commentators on have excused Noah's excessive drinking because he was considered to be the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10330759", "chunk_text": "Abraham\n\"\"El-roi\"\", (\"\"Thou God seest me:\"\" KJV). From that day onward, the well was called Beer-lahai-roi, (\"\"The well of him that liveth and seeth me.\"\" KJV margin). She then did as she was instructed by returning to her mistress in order to have her child. Abram was 86 years of age when Ishmael was born. Thirteen years later, when Abram was 99 years of age, God declared Abram's new name: \"\"Abraham\"\" – \"\"a father of many nations\"\". Abraham then received the instructions for the covenant, of which circumcision was to be the sign. God declared Sarai's new name: \"\"Sarah\"\", blessed her,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5653491", "chunk_text": "Esau\nEsau Esau (; , ISO 259-3 \"\"ʕeśaw\"\"; \"\"Hēsau\"\"; ; \"\"‘Īsaw\"\"; meaning \"\"hairy\"\" or \"\"rough\"\"), in the Hebrew Bible, is the older son of Isaac. He is mentioned in the Book of Genesis, and by the prophets Obadiah and Malachi. The New Testament alludes to him in the Epistle to the Romans and in the Epistle to the Hebrews. According to the Hebrew Bible, Esau is the progenitor of the Edomites and the elder brother of Jacob, the patriarch of the Israelites. Esau and Jacob were the sons of Isaac and Rebekah, and the grandsons of Abraham and Sarah. Of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9163952", "chunk_text": "Jacob\nthe week of wedding celebrations with Leah, Jacob married Rachel, and he continued to work for Laban for another seven years. Jacob loved Rachel more than Leah, and Leah felt hated. God opened Leah's womb and she gave birth to four sons rapidly: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah. Rachel, however, remained barren. Following the example of Sarah, who gave her handmaid to Abraham after years of infertility, Rachel gave Jacob her handmaid, Bilhah, in marriage so that Rachel could raise children through her. Bilhah gave birth to Dan and Naphtali. Seeing that she had left off childbearing temporarily, Leah then", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15433258", "chunk_text": "Hagar\nHagar Hagar (, \"\"Hagar\"\", of uncertain origin; Hājar; ) is a biblical person in the Book of Genesis. She was an Egyptian handmaid of Sarai (Sarah), who gave her to Abraham to bear a child. The product of the union was Abraham's firstborn, Ishmael, the progenitor of the Ishmaelites. Various commentators have connected her to the Hagrites, perhaps as their eponymous ancestor. The name \"\"Hagar\"\" originates from the Book of Genesis; she is acknowledged in all Abrahamic religions. Hagar is alluded to in the Quran, and Islam considers her Abraham's second wife. \"\"This is a summary of the account of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8535025", "chunk_text": "\"Bereshit (parsha)\"\nand then walked with God 300 years, and when Enoch reached age 365, God took him. The sixth reading (, \"\"aliyah\"\") and a closed portion (, \"\"setumah\"\") end here. In the seventh reading (, \"\"aliyah\"\"), Methuselah had a son Lamech and lived 969 years. A closed portion (, \"\"setumah\"\") ends here. In the continuation of the reading, Lamech had a son Noah, saying that Noah would provide relief from their work and toil on the soil that God had cursed. Lamech lived 777 years. A closed portion (, \"\"setumah\"\") ends here. In the continuation of the reading, when Noah had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9163938", "chunk_text": "Jacob\nBright (1960). The Septuagint renders the name , whence Latin , English \"\"Jacob\"\". The name \"\"Israel\"\" given to Jacob following the episode of his wrestling with the angel (Genesis 32:22–32) is etymologized as composition of \"\"el\"\" \"\"god\"\" and the root \"\"śarah\"\" \"\"to rule, contend, have power, prevail over\"\": The biblical account of the life of Jacob is found in the Book of Genesis, chapters 25–50. Jacob and his twin brother, Esau, were born to Isaac and Rebecca after 20 years of marriage, when Isaac was 60 years of age (, ). Rebekah was uncomfortable during her pregnancy and went to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11541659", "chunk_text": "\"Noach (parsha)\"\nto him, he cursed Ham's son Canaan to become the lowest of slaves to Japheth and Shem, prayed that God enlarge Japheth, and blessed the God of Shem. Noah lived to the age of 950 and then died. The second open portion (, \"\"petuchah\"\") ends here. As the reading continues, chapter sets forth the descendants of Shem, Ham, and Japheth, from whom the nations branched out over the earth after the Flood. Among Japheth's descendants were the maritime nations. Ham's son Cush had a son named Nimrod, who became the first man of might on earth, a mighty hunter, king", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9757256", "chunk_text": "Naphtali\nNaphtali According to the Book of Genesis, Naphtali (; ) was the sixth son of Jacob and second son with Bilhah. He was the founder of the Israelite Tribe of Naphtali. The text of the Torah states that the name of \"\"Naphtali\"\" may refer to the struggle between Rachel and Leah for the favours of Jacob; Bilhah was the \"\"handmaid\"\" of Rachel, who had thought herself to be infertile, and had persuaded Jacob to have a child with Bilhah as a proxy for having one with herself. The biblical account shows Bilhah's status as a \"\"handmaid\"\" change to an actual", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9745379", "chunk_text": "\"Noah in rabbinic literature\"\nthat after the Flood he might repeople the earth (Tan., Bereshit, 39; \"\"Sefer haYashar,\"\" section \"\"Noa?\"\"). The other explanation is that God rendered him impotent until he reached the age of 500, saying: \"\"If his children be wicked, he will be afflicted by their destruction; and if they be upright like their father, they will be troubled with making so many arks\"\" (Genesis Rabba 26.2). The \"\"Sefer haYashar\"\" (l.c.) and Genesis Rabba (22.4) both agree that Noah's wife was called Naamah. According to the latter, she was the sister of Tubal-cain (Genesis 4.21); according to the former, she was a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18279947", "chunk_text": "Ishmael\ntheophoric name translated literally as \"\"God (El) has hearkened\"\", suggesting that \"\"a child so named was regarded as the fulfillment of a divine promise\"\". \"\"This is the account of Ishmael from \"\" In , the birth of Ishmael was planned by the Patriarch Abraham's first wife, who at that time was known as Sarai. She and her husband Abram (Abraham) sought a way to have children in order to fulfill the Abrahamic covenant that was established in . Sarai was 75 years old and had yet to bear Abraham a child. She had the idea to offer her Egyptian handmaiden", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16440672", "chunk_text": "Elisha\nher family needs. There is a Jewish tradition, or legend, that the woman's husband was Obadiah, the servant of King Ahab, who hid 100 prophets in two caves. To reward the rich lady of Shunem for her hospitality, he obtained for her from Yahweh, at first the birth of a son, and subsequently the resurrection of her child, who had died. To nourish the sons of the prophets pressed by famine, Elisha changed a pottage made from poisonous gourds into wholesome food. He fed a hundred men with twenty loaves of new barley, leaving some left over, in a story", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6003273", "chunk_text": "Reu\nTower of Babel was begun. Reu Reu or Ragau ( \"\"Rˁu\"\") in Genesis was the son of Peleg and the father of Serug, thus being Abraham's great-great-grandfather. He was 32 when Serug was born and lived to the age of 239 (), according to the Masoretic text. The Septuagint and Samaritan Pentateuch state that his age on fathering Serug was 132, and the Septuagint thus gives age at death as 339. The \"\"Book of Jubilees\"\" names his mother as Lomna of Shinar (10:28), and his wife as Ora, daughter of Ur Kesed (11:1). He is said to have been born", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9279292", "chunk_text": "\"Women in the Bible\"\nhusband Uriah, and she becomes one of David's wives. Their child is killed as divine punishment, but Bathsheba later has another child, Solomon. In the Book of Kings, when David is old, she and the prophet Nathan convince David to let Solomon take the throne instead of an older brother. The story of Eve begins in Genesis 2:18 when \"\"The Lord God said, 'It is not good for the man to be alone. I will make a helper suitable for him'... Then the Lord God made a woman from the rib he had taken out of the man, and he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7225439", "chunk_text": "Serug\nSerug Serug ( \"\"Serug\"\", \"\"branch\"\") was the son of Reu and the father of Nahor, according to Genesis 11:20–23. He is also the great-grandfather of Abraham. In the Masoretic text that modern Bibles are based on, he was 30 when Nahor was born, and lived another 200 years, making his age at death 230. The Septuagint (LXX) and Samaritan Pentateuch texts state that he was 130 on fathering Nahor, and the Samaritan gives his age at death as 230, stating he lived another 100 years, while the LXX has 200, making him 330 at his death. He is called Saruch", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15361928", "chunk_text": "Rebecca\nwho vexed Isaac and Rebecca to no end, as these women were also idol-worshippers. One reason why Isaac became blind in his old age was due to the smoke of the incense that these women offered to their idols. Isaac became blind in his old age and decided to bestow the blessing of the firstborn upon Esau. According to the Midrash, Isaac had reached the age of 132, five years past the age his mother, Sarah, had been at her death. According to Genesis, Isaac had reached the age of 137. At this time, the Sages state that one should", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14477846", "chunk_text": "Abraham\nold. For Sarah, the thought of giving birth and nursing a child, at such an old age, also brought her much laughter, as she declared, \"\"God hath made me to laugh, so that all that hear will laugh with me.\"\" Isaac continued to grow and on the day he was weaned, Abraham held a great feast to honor the occasion. During the celebration, however, Sarah found Ishmael mocking; an observation that would begin to clarify the birthright of Isaac. Ishmael was fourteen years old when Abraham's son Isaac was born to Sarah. When she found Ishmael teasing Isaac, Sarah told", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7565312", "chunk_text": "\"Book of Genesis\"\nlay the knife upon his son, God restrains him, promising him numberless descendants. On the death of Sarah, Abraham purchases Machpelah (believed to be modern Hebron) for a family tomb and sends his servant to Mesopotamia to find among his relations a wife for Isaac, and Rebekah is chosen. Other children are born to Abraham by another wife, Keturah, among whose descendants are the Midianites, and he dies in a prosperous old age and is buried in his tomb at Hebron. Isaac's wife Rebecca gives birth to the twins Esau, father of the Edomites, and Jacob. Through deception, Jacob becomes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11257458", "chunk_text": "Jochebed\nchronology, Moses was 80 years old when the Exodus occurred, the Israelites had been in Egypt for 210 years in total, and thus in combination with the rabbinical claim that Jochebed was born on the border of Egypt, as her parents had entered it, this would require Jochebed to have been 130 years old when she gave birth to Moses; rabbinical literature regards this to have been alluded to by the biblical description of the dedication of the Israelite altar, at which 130 shekel weight of silver was offered. According to Josephus Flavius the birth of Moses was an extraordinary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4106346", "chunk_text": "\"Laban (Bible)\"\nJoseph entered Pharaoh's service at age 30; and from that point, after seven years of plenty and two years of famine, Jacob met Pharaoh and stated his age as 130. Subtracting yields an age of 77 (Jacob at his flight to Laban). Laban was more than 30 years older than Jacob, and employed him for 20 years. Laban promised his younger daughter Rachel to Jacob in return for seven years' service, only to trick him into marrying his elder daughter Leah instead. Jacob then served another seven years in exchange for the right to marry his choice, Rachel, as well", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17074211", "chunk_text": "\"Miraculous births\"\nvarious gospels of the New Testament of the Bible. The Second Book of Enoch contains a section, called \"\"Exaltation of Melchizedek\"\", which says that Melchizedek was born of a virgin, Sofonim (or Sopanima), the wife of Nir, a brother of Noah. The child came out from his mother after she had died and sat on the bed beside her corpse, already physically developed, clothed, speaking and blessing the Lord, and marked with the badge of priesthood. Forty days later, Melchizedek was taken by the archangel Gabriel (Michael in some manuscripts) to the Garden of Eden and was thus preserved from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3342	who won the most stanley cups in history?	n/a	[ "Montreal Canadiens" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18725147", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nthe Montreal Canadiens having won by far the most Cup championships of any team, the list of the players who have been engraved on the Cup the most often is dominated by Montreal players. Henri Richard of the Canadiens, with his name engraved eleven times, played on more Stanley Cup champions than any other player. He is followed by Jean Beliveau and Yvan Cournoyer of the Canadiens with ten championships, Claude Provost of the Canadiens with nine, and three players tied with eight: Red Kelly (four with the Red Wings, four with the Leafs, the most for any player who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18725113", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nThe Montreal Canadiens have won the Cup a record 24 times and are the most recent Canadian-based team to win the cup, having won it in 1993, while the Detroit Red Wings have won the Cup 11 times, the most of any United States-based NHL team, most recently in 2008. After the Lord Stanley of Preston was appointed by Queen Victoria as Governor General of Canada on June 11, 1888, he and his family became highly enthusiastic about ice hockey. Stanley was first exposed to the game at Montreal's 1889 Winter Carnival, where he saw the Montreal Victorias play the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18725112", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nGrail, or facetiously (chiefly by sportswriters) as Lord Stanley's Mug. The Stanley Cup is surrounded by numerous legends and traditions, the oldest of which is the celebratory drinking of champagne out of the cup by the winning team. Since the 1914–15 season, the Cup has been won a combined 101 times by 18 active NHL teams and five defunct teams. It was not awarded in 1919 because of a Spanish flu epidemic, and in 2005, as a consequence of the 2004–05 NHL lockout. During the challenge cup era from 1893 to 1914, the Cup was held by nine different teams.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15247151", "chunk_text": "\"National Hockey League\"\nleagues in North America, the Montreal Canadiens are surpassed in the number of championships only by the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball, who have three more. The longest streak of winning the Stanley Cup in consecutive years is five, held by the Montreal Canadiens from 1955–56 to 1959–60. The 1977 edition of the Montreal Canadiens, the second of four straight Stanley Cup champions, was named by ESPN as the second greatest sports team of all-time. The next most successful NHL franchise is the Toronto Maple Leafs with 13 Stanley Cup championships, most recently in 1967. The Detroit Red", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19341475", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nStanley Cup The Stanley Cup () is the championship trophy awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL) playoff winner. It is the oldest existing trophy to be awarded to a professional sports franchise, and the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) considers it to be one of the \"\"most important championships available to the sport\"\". Originally commissioned in 1892 as the Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup, the trophy is named after Lord Stanley of Preston, then–Governor General of Canada, who donated it as an award to Canada's top-ranking amateur ice hockey club, which the entire Stanley family supported, with the sons", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10720216", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup Finals\"\nStanley Cup Finals The Stanley Cup Finals in ice hockey (also known as the Stanley Cup Final among various media, ) is the National Hockey League (NHL)'s championship series to determine the winner of the Stanley Cup, North America's oldest professional sports trophy. Originally inscribed the \"\"Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup\"\", the trophy was donated in 1892 by Lord Stanley of Preston, then–Governor General of Canada, initially as a \"\"challenge trophy\"\" for Canada's top-ranking amateur ice hockey club. The champions held onto the Cup until they either lost their league title to another club, or a champion from another league issued", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13611647", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup Finals\"\nthe league's two conference playoff champions. 1. The NHL includes the Toronto Hockey Club (Toronto Arenas) 1918 win and the 1922 Toronto St. Patricks win in the Toronto Maple Leafs total. 2. The Chicago Blackhawks were known as the Chicago Black Hawks prior to the 1986–87 season. 3. The Montreal Canadiens totals include the 1919 Final that ended with a no-decision because of the Spanish flu epidemic. Stanley Cup Finals The Stanley Cup Finals in ice hockey (also known as the Stanley Cup Final among various media, ) is the National Hockey League (NHL)'s championship series to determine the winner", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8191910", "chunk_text": "\"Claude Provost\"\nClaude Provost Claude Joseph Antoine Provost (September 17, 1933 – April 17, 1984) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger. Provost played his entire NHL career with the Montreal Canadiens. He won the Stanley Cup 9 times and the first ever Bill Masterton Trophy awarded for perseverance in 1968. He suffered a fatal heart attack while playing tennis at his home in Florida in 1984. Provost won the most Stanley Cups of anyone who is not a member of Hockey Hall of Fame. Every other player and executive who has won at least 8 Stanley Cups has been named", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15982124", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Stanley Cup Finals\"\nfollowing Capitals players and staff had their names engraved on the Stanley Cup: The cup is now full so a new ring was added to included Washington Capitals members. The top ring with the winners from 1954 to 1965 (12 teams) was taken off and will be put on permanent display at the Hockey Hall of Fame. Some famous names that will no longer be on the Cup include Dickie Moore, Maurice Richard, Jacques Plante, Bert Olmstead, Ted Lindsay, Alex Delvecchio, Gordie Howe, Stan Mikita, and Bobby Hull. There are several retired rings at the Hockey Hall of Fame that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17413872", "chunk_text": "\"Scotty Bowman\"\nScotty Bowman William Scott Bowman, OC (born September 18, 1933) is a Canadian retired National Hockey League (NHL) head coach. He holds the record for most wins in league history, with 1,244 wins in the regular season and 223 in the Stanley Cup playoffs and ranks 2nd all time (behind Jean Béliveau's seventeen) for most Stanley Cup victories by a player, coach or executive with fourteen. He coached the St. Louis Blues, Montreal Canadiens, Buffalo Sabres, Pittsburgh Penguins, and Detroit Red Wings. He is currently the Senior Advisor of Hockey Operations for the Chicago Blackhawks (his son, Stan, is the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18725145", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nbut was not added because of the 2004–05 NHL lockout. After the 2005–06 champion Carolina Hurricanes were crowned, and the new bottom ring was finally added (along with the retiring of the band listing the 1940–41 to 1952–53 champions). The cancelled season was acknowledged with the words \"\"2004–05 Season Not Played\"\". Following the crowning of the 2017–18 champions, the Washington Capitals, the band listing the 1953–54 to 1964–65 winners is scheduled to be retired, and a new band that will list the 2017–18 to 2029–30 champions will then be added to the bottom of the cup. Currently, the Cup stands", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18725150", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\ntop bowl after their victory. The Cup is also traditionally presented on the ice to the captain of the winning team after the series-winning game; each member of the victorious club carries the trophy around the rink. However, this has not always been the case; prior to the 1930s, the Cup was not awarded immediately after the victory. The first time that the Cup was awarded on the ice may have been to the 1932 Toronto Maple Leafs, but the practice did not become a tradition until the 1950s. Ted Lindsay of the 1950 Cup champion Detroit Red Wings became", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9161799", "chunk_text": "\"Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup\"\nTraditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup There are many traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup. The Stanley Cup is the championship trophy of the National Hockey League (NHL), the major professional ice hockey league in Canada and the United States. It is commonly referred to as simply \"\"The Cup\"\", \"\"The Holy Grail\"\" or facetiously (chiefly by sportswriters) as \"\"Lord Stanley's Mug\"\". Unlike the trophies awarded by the other three major professional sports leagues of North America, a new Stanley Cup is not made annually; the champions keep the Cup until a new champion is crowned. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10720218", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup Finals\"\nand Western Conferences. Western champions have won 19 times, while the Eastern champions have won 17 times. The Stanley Cup was first awarded to the Montreal Hockey Club in 1893 when the team won the 1893 AHAC season. The team then had to defend its champion-title both through league championships and challenge games organised by the Stanley Cup trustees. Until 1912, these challenges could take place before or during a league season. After 1912, the trustees ordered that challenges only take place after all league games were completed. The last challenge, in 1914, was the inauguration of the first \"\"World", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19341480", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nawarded, earning the nickname \"\"Stovepipe Cup\"\" due to the unnatural height of all the bands. In 1947 the cup size was reduced, but not all the large rings were the same size. In 1958 the modern one-piece Cup was designed with a five-band barrel which could contain 13 winning teams per band. To prevent the Stanley Cup from growing, when the bottom band is full, the oldest band is removed and preserved in the Hockey Hall of Fame, and a new blank band added to the bottom. It has been referred to as The Cup, Lord Stanley's Cup, The Holy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9161841", "chunk_text": "\"Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup\"\ntown of Bonavista, Newfoundland and Labrador. Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup There are many traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup. The Stanley Cup is the championship trophy of the National Hockey League (NHL), the major professional ice hockey league in Canada and the United States. It is commonly referred to as simply \"\"The Cup\"\", \"\"The Holy Grail\"\" or facetiously (chiefly by sportswriters) as \"\"Lord Stanley's Mug\"\". Unlike the trophies awarded by the other three major professional sports leagues of North America, a new Stanley Cup is not made annually; the champions keep the Cup until", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19341524", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nceded control to the NHL. While the original regulations allow for a Trustee to resign, to date, all Cup Trustees have served until their deaths. In the event of a vacancy, the remaining trustee names the replacement for the deceased or resigned Trustee. To date, nine men have served as Trustees of the Stanley Cup: Stanley Cup The Stanley Cup () is the championship trophy awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL) playoff winner. It is the oldest existing trophy to be awarded to a professional sports franchise, and the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) considers it to be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14808452", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup ring\"\ngiven silverware or bought a dinner instead of rings. Players were eventually given rings by the team more than fifty years later. In the 1960s the Toronto Maple Leafs won the Stanley Cup four times, but players were originally only given one ring with diamonds that were removed and enlarged for each subsequent win. In 1971 the Montreal Canadiens gave players television sets instead of rings. For the last 50 years, each team has designed their own rings. Each ring usually cost between $20,000 to $25,000. Stanley Cup ring The Stanley Cup ring is a championship ring, an annual award", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20525195", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup winning players\"\nStanley Cup winning players This is a complete alphabetic list of all players who won the Stanley Cup ice hockey trophy with years and total wins. The Stanley Cup was first awarded in 1893, and since 1926 it has been the championship trophy of the National Hockey League (NHL). The list includes all known players from each winning team from 1893 to 1923. Since 1924, all players whose names were actually engraved on the Stanley Cup are listed. The list also includes any player who qualified but whose name was not engraved on the Stanley Cup, and any player who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11146005", "chunk_text": "\"O'Brien Trophy (ice hockey)\"\nperiod were inscribed on the trophy. At the end of the 1949–50 NHL season the trophy was retired and has not been awarded since. It is now in the collection of the Hockey Hall of Fame in Toronto, Ontario and is on display with other historic trophies in the entrance to the Panasonic Hometown Hockey exhibit. The Montreal Canadiens have won it the most, having won the Cup eleven times. The Toronto Maple Leafs have won it the second most, a total of eight times, six as the Maple Leafs, once as the St. Patricks and once as the Torontos.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "314154", "chunk_text": "\"History of the National Hockey League (1992–present)\"\n) broke lengthy Cup droughts of 42, 47 and 39 seasons, respectively. Meanwhile, the NHL's southern expansion, often maligned by Canadians and fans in the Northeastern United States, has led to championships by the Dallas Stars, Tampa Bay Lightning, Carolina Hurricanes and Anaheim Ducks in the last decade, with the Los Angeles Kings and Washington Capitals following suit. Manon Rheaume became the first female player in the NHL when she suited up for the Lightning in a 1992 pre-season game. Wayne Gretzky passed Gordie Howe as the NHL's all-time leading scorer in 1994 when he scored his 802nd career goal.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10235830", "chunk_text": "\"Ice hockey in the United States\"\nthe first black ice hockey player in the NHL for the Boston Bruins. while Val James was the first African American player to compete in the NHL for the Buffalo Sabres and Toronto Maple Leafs. In 1972 the World Hockey Association formed of 12 teams from Canada and the United States intended to rival the NHL but ultimately failed and many of the teams merged with the NHL. The Stanley Cup is the oldest trophy in North American sports. Lord Stanley of Preston was appointed by Queen Victoria to be the Governor General of Canada on June 11, 1888. While", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11842864", "chunk_text": "\"Triple Gold Club\"\nand from 1963 until 1991 was the dominant team, winning 20 championships. During that period, only three other nations won medals: Canada, Czechoslovakia and Sweden. Russia first participated in 1992 and the Czech Republic and Slovakia joined in 1993. In the 2000s the tournament became more competitive as the \"\"big six\"\" teams (Canada, the Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States) became evenly matched. The Stanley Cup is the championship trophy awarded to the National Hockey League (NHL) playoffs champion. The Stanley Cup is the oldest professional sports trophy in North America and is surrounded by numerous legends", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19341517", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\na day. Victors of the Cup have used it to baptize their children. Three players (the New York Islanders' Clark Gillies, the Anaheim Ducks' Sean O'Donnell, and the Pittsburgh Penguins' Nick Bonino) even allowed their dogs to eat out of the Cup. There are technically three versions of the \"\"Stanley Cup\"\": the original 1892 bowl or \"\"Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup\"\", the 1963 authenticated \"\"Presentation Cup\"\", and the 1993 \"\"Permanent Cup\"\" at the Hall of Fame. The original 1892 \"\"Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup\"\", purchased and donated by Lord Stanley, was physically awarded to the Champions until 1970, and is now displayed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18465561", "chunk_text": "\"History of the National Hockey League\"\nthe National Hockey League Players' Association (NHLPA) was formed in 1967 and it quickly received acceptance from the owners. The Original Six era was a period of dynasties. The Toronto Maple Leafs won the Stanley Cup five times between 1944–45 and 1950–51. In the 1951 Stanley Cup Finals, the Maple Leafs defeated the Canadiens four games to one in the only final in NHL history when all games were decided in overtime. Beginning in 1948–49, the Red Wings won seven consecutive regular season titles, a feat that no other team has accomplished. During that time, the Wings won four Stanley", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18465576", "chunk_text": "\"History of the National Hockey League\"\nand Mark Messier, the Oilers won five Stanley Cup championships between 1984 and 1990. On August 9, 1988, Oilers owner Peter Pocklington, in financial trouble, traded Gretzky to the Los Angeles Kings. Gretzky's trade to the Kings popularized ice hockey in the United States. With the Kings, Gretzky broke Gordie Howe's record for the most career points. Mario Lemieux led Pittsburgh to Stanley Cups in 1990–91 and 1991–92. A gifted forward, he won six Art Ross Trophies as the league's leading scorer and he scored 199 points in 1988–89, becoming the second highest single-season point scorer behind Gretzky. Lemieux's career", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19341498", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nnow for the best team in the world. Ice hockey in Europe was still in its infancy at this time, so it was without much controversy that winners of the Stanley Cup continued styling themselves as the \"\"world champions\"\" just like in baseball. Two years later, the Rosebuds became the first American team to play in the Stanley Cup Final. In 1917, the Seattle Metropolitans became the first American team to win the Cup. After that season, the NHA dissolved, and the National Hockey League (NHL) took its place. In 1919, the Spanish influenza epidemic forced the Montreal Canadiens and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18725149", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nin Hafford, Saskatchewan) who won the Cup as a co-owner of the Calgary Flames in 1989. In 2001, Charlotte Grahame, the Colorado Avalanche's Senior Director of Hockey Administration, had her name engraved on the trophy. Her son John later had his name engraved as a member of the Tampa Bay Lightning in 2004. There are several misspellings and illegitimate names on the Cup. Many of them have never been corrected. Examples include: There are many traditions associated with the Stanley Cup. One of the oldest, started by the 1896 Winnipeg Victorias, dictates that the winning team drink champagne from the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14808450", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup ring\"\nStanley Cup ring The Stanley Cup ring is a championship ring, an annual award in the National Hockey League given by the team that wins the Stanley Cup Final, a best-of-seven series to determine the league's champion that season. In addition to the winning players, teams give rings to coaches, trainers, scouts, executives, and other staff members. Teams often give rings to players who played for the team, but do not qualify to have their name engraved on the Stanley Cup. The Stanley Cup ring was established in 1893, when the Montreal Hockey Club won the 1893 Stanley Cup championship.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18725110", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nnot made each year. Originally, the winners kept it until a new champion was crowned. Currently, winning teams get the Stanley Cup during the summer and a limited number of days during the season. It is unusual among trophies to include winning members' names. Every year since 1924, a select portion of the winning players, coaches, management, and club staff names are engraved on its bands. However, there is not enough room to include all the players and non-players, so some names must be omitted. Between 1924 and 1940, a new band was added almost every year the trophy was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8191911", "chunk_text": "\"Claude Provost\"\nto the Hockey Hall of Fame. List of NHL players with 1000 games played Claude Provost Claude Joseph Antoine Provost (September 17, 1933 – April 17, 1984) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger. Provost played his entire NHL career with the Montreal Canadiens. He won the Stanley Cup 9 times and the first ever Bill Masterton Trophy awarded for perseverance in 1968. He suffered a fatal heart attack while playing tennis at his home in Florida in 1984. Provost won the most Stanley Cups of anyone who is not a member of Hockey Hall of Fame. Every other", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1618308", "chunk_text": "\"History of the National Hockey League (1942–1967)\"\nHistory of the National Hockey League (1942–1967) The Original Six era of the National Hockey League (NHL) began in 1942 with the demise of the Brooklyn Americans, reducing the league to six teams: Boston Bruins, Chicago Black Hawks, Detroit Red Wings, Montreal Canadiens, New York Rangers, and Toronto Maple Leafs. This structure remained stable for a quarter century; the era ended in 1967 when the NHL doubled in size adding six expansion teams. The Stanley Cup, was the \"\"de facto\"\" championship since 1926, becoming the \"\"de jure\"\" championship in 1947, when the NHL completed a deal with the Stanley Cup", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19341502", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nSince 1926, no non-NHL team has played for the Cup, leading it to become the \"\"de facto\"\" championship trophy of the NHL. In addition, with no major professional hockey league left to challenge it, the NHL began calling its league champions the \"\"world champions\"\", notwithstanding the lack of any interleague championship. In doing so, the NHL copied a policy that had been adopted by the then still-fledgling National Football League from its start in 1920 (and which the National Basketball Association also asserted upon its founding in 1946). Finally in 1947, the NHL reached an agreement with trustee. J. Cooper", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12655632", "chunk_text": "\"National Hockey League\"\nNational Hockey League The National Hockey League (NHL; ) is a professional ice hockey league in North America, currently comprising 31 teams: 24 in the United States and 7 in Canada. The NHL is considered to be the premier professional ice hockey league in the world, and one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada. The Stanley Cup, the oldest professional sports trophy in North America, is awarded annually to the league playoff champion at the end of each season. The National Hockey League was organized on November 26, 1917, at the Windsor Hotel in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18725151", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nthe first captain, upon receiving the Cup, to hoist it overhead and skate around the rink. According to Lindsay, he did so to allow the fans to have a better view of the Cup. Since then, it has been a tradition for each member of the winning team, beginning with the captain, to take a lap around the ice with the trophy hoisted above his head. The tradition of the captain first hoisting the Cup has been \"\"breached\"\" a few times. In 1993 after the Montreal Canadiens defeated the Los Angeles Kings, Guy Carbonneau handed the Cup to Denis Savard,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7940778", "chunk_text": "\"National Hockey League rivalries\"\nteams met each other in the playoffs 15 times, and faced off in five Stanley Cup Finals. While the on-ice competition is fierce, the Leafs-Habs rivalry is symbolic of the rivalry between Canada's two largest cities: Toronto and Montreal, and by extension its two major linguistic groups, anglophones and francophones and their status as hubs for English Canada and French Canada, respectively. Notably, the Canadiens and the Maple Leafs have won the most Stanley Cups in the NHL, with 24 and 13, respectively. As a result of their success, they have the two largest fanbases in the entire league –", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9161804", "chunk_text": "\"Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup\"\ntheir first Stanley Cup in 42 years, Vladimir Konstantinov had been paralyzed in an automobile accident that also paralyzed team masseur Sergei Mnatsakanov. As Bettman gave the cup to Red Wings' captain Steve Yzerman, he hoisted it before putting it on Konstantinov's lap and helping him parade with the cup. The 2001 Stanley Cup was won by the Colorado Avalanche. Until requesting a trade on March 6, 2000, Ray Bourque had played his entire career with the Boston Bruins. The seventh game of the 2001 Finals was the last of Bourque's 22-year NHL career. Though Bourque reached the Stanley Cup", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18465563", "chunk_text": "\"History of the National Hockey League\"\nThe Canadiens won five consecutive championships between 1956 and 1960, a feat no other team has duplicated. The Original Six era ended with the 1967 Stanley Cup Finals between the two-time defending champion Canadiens, and the Maple Leafs. The Maple Leafs finished the era by winning the Cup four times between 1962 and 1967, their 1967 championship is the last Maple Leafs title to date. The Chicago Blackhawks, who won in 1961, are the only other team to win the Stanley Cup during this period. In 1963, Rangers governor William Jennings introduced to his peers the idea of expanding the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18725146", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nat 89.5 centimetres (35¼ inches) tall and weighs 15½ kilograms (34½ lb). Currently, to qualify for automatic engraving, a player: However, since 1994 teams have been permitted to petition the NHL Commissioner, to be considered on a case-by-case basis, to engrave a player's name on the cup if the player was unavailable to play due to \"\"extenuating circumstances\"\". For example, the Detroit Red Wings received special permission from the NHL to inscribe the name of Vladimir Konstantinov, whose career ended after a car accident on June 13, 1997, on the Stanley Cup after Detroit defended their title in 1998. With", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19701761", "chunk_text": "\"Bobby Orr\"\nBobby Orr Robert Gordon Orr, OC (born March 20, 1948) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player, widely acknowledged as one of the greatest of all time. Orr used his ice skating speed, scoring, and play-making abilities to revolutionize the position of defenceman. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for 12 seasons, starting with 10 with the Boston Bruins followed by two with the Chicago Black Hawks. Orr remains the only defenceman to have won the league scoring title with two Art Ross Trophies. He holds the record for most points and assists in a single season", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18725148", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nwas not a member of the Canadiens) and Canadiens players Jacques Lemaire, Maurice Richard. Beliveau's name appears on the Cup more than any other individual, ten times as a player and seven times as management for a total of seventeen times. Fifteen women have had their names engraved on the Stanley Cup. The first woman to have her name engraved on the Stanley Cup is Marguerite Norris, who won the Cup as the President of the Detroit Red Wings in 1954 and 1955. The only Canadian woman to have her name engraved on the Stanley Cup is Sonia Scurfield (born", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9161803", "chunk_text": "\"Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup\"\nStanley Cup champion. The 1993 Stanley Cup was won by the Montreal Canadiens. As Gary Bettman presented the Cup to Canadiens' captain Guy Carbonneau, Carbonneau waved to Denis Savard to come join him. Savard, who had played 10 seasons for the Chicago Blackhawks before being traded to Montreal in 1990–91 (the Blackhawks had since been to a Stanley Cup Final in 1992), had not played in a Cup Final in his career. Carbonneau let Savard hoist the Cup in his place. The 1998 Stanley Cup was won by the defending champions Detroit Red Wings. The previous year, several days after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19341518", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nin the Vault Room at the Hockey Hall of Fame in Toronto, Ontario. The authenticated version or \"\"Presentation Cup\"\" was created in 1963 by Montreal silversmith Carl Petersen. NHL president Clarence Campbell felt that the original bowl was becoming too thin and fragile, and thus requested a duplicate trophy as a replacement. The Presentation Cup is authenticated by the seal of the Hockey Hall of Fame on the bottom, which can be seen when winning players lift the Cup over their heads, and it is the one currently awarded to the champions of the playoffs and used for promotions. This", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15247150", "chunk_text": "\"National Hockey League\"\nend of the Stanley Cup playoffs. The team that has the most points in the regular season is awarded the Presidents' Trophy. The Montreal Canadiens are the most successful franchise in the league. Since the formation of the league in 1917, they have 25 NHL championships (three between 1917 and 1925 when the Stanley Cup was still contested in an interleague competition, twenty-two since 1926 after the Stanley Cup became the NHL's championship trophy). They also lead all teams with 24 Stanley Cup championships (one as an NHA team, twenty-three as an NHL team). Of the four major professional sports", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14290953", "chunk_text": "\"National Hockey League lore\"\ncontended by league champions across several leagues; the NHL, the Pacific Coast Hockey Association, and the Western Canada Hockey League were among them. Once the PCHA and WCHL merged and ultimately folded in 1926, the NHL adopted the Stanley Cup as the de facto league championship. Over the next decade, a handful of teams would fold, leaving six teams, colloquially termed the Original Six: Toronto Maple Leafs, Montreal Canadiens, Detroit Red Wings, Boston Bruins, New York Rangers, and Chicago Blackhawks. The NHL would remain a six-team league until their first major expansion in 1967, which doubled the size of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19341476", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Cup\"\nand daughters playing and promoting the game. The first Cup was awarded in 1893 to Montreal HC, and subsequent winners from 1893 to 1914 were determined by challenge games and league play. Professional teams first became eligible to challenge for the Stanley Cup in 1906. In 1915, the two professional ice hockey organizations, the National Hockey Association (NHA) and the Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA), reached a gentlemen's agreement in which their respective champions would face each other annually for the Stanley Cup. After a series of league mergers and folds, it was established as the \"\"de facto\"\" championship trophy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9161830", "chunk_text": "\"Traditions and anecdotes associated with the Stanley Cup\"\nthe Cup (as have, apparently, dozens of players). In 1987, the Edmonton Oilers' Mark Messier took it to his favourite club in his hometown of St. Albert, Alberta, and let fans drink out of it. It wound up slightly bent in various places for unknown reasons. It was repaired at a local automotive shop, and shipped back to the Hockey Hall of Fame. The 1991 Pittsburgh Penguins and 1993 Montreal Canadiens decided to test its buoyancy by tossing it into Mario Lemieux's and Patrick Roy's respective pools (\"\"The Stanley Cup\"\"—noted then–Canadiens captain Guy Carbonneau—\"\"does not float.\"\"). Dominik Hašek had his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14191774", "chunk_text": "\"Presidents' Trophy\"\nallowed to hang a banner reading \"\"NHL League Champions.\"\" A total of 16 teams have won the Presidents' Trophy. The Detroit Red Wings have won six Presidents' Trophies, the most of any team. The New York Rangers and Washington Capitals are second with three. Seven teams (Boston Bruins, Calgary Flames, Chicago Blackhawks, Colorado Avalanche, Dallas Stars, Edmonton Oilers, Vancouver Canucks) are tied for third most with two Presidents' Trophy wins apiece. Among these multiple winners, Calgary, Dallas, Detroit, Edmonton, Vancouver, and Washington have won it in consecutive seasons. If there are two or more teams tied for first in points", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "314163", "chunk_text": "\"History of the National Hockey League (1992–present)\"\nStanley Cup in seven games over the Vancouver Canucks. The Rangers' championship was the last hurrah for the great Edmonton Oilers dynasty of the 1980s, as there were seven ex-Oilers on the team, including Mark Messier, who became the first (and to this date, the only) player to win Stanley Cups as the captain for two franchises, having captained the Oilers to the last of their five Stanley Cups in . The Rangers' victory also resulted in the first Russian names to be engraved on the Stanley Cup: Alexei Kovalev, Alexander Karpovtsev, Sergei Nemchinov, and Sergei Zubov. The global audience", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3609288", "chunk_text": "\"Wayne Gretzky\"\nWayne Gretzky Wayne Douglas Gretzky (; born January 26, 1961) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and former head coach. He played 20 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for four teams from 1979 to 1999. Nicknamed \"\"The Great One\"\", he has been called \"\"the greatest hockey player ever\"\" by many sportswriters, players, and the league itself. Gretzky is the leading scorer in NHL history, with more goals and assists than any other player. He garnered more assists than any other player scored total points, and is the only NHL player to total over 200 points in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3343	country with most olympic gold medals all time?	n/a	[ "United States" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19460310", "chunk_text": "\"All-time Olympic Games medal table\"\noutside of IOC sources. The Soviet Union is sometimes combined with the post-union team that competed in 1992. Few sources combine the Soviet Union and Russia as many republics which subsequently gained independence (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Tadjikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan) contributed to the medal tally of the USSR. The nationalities of many medalists at the 1904 Olympics are disputed as many competitors were recent immigrants to the United States who had not yet been granted US citizenship. All-time medal counts are compiled by various sources, often adding up related results for Russia, Germany,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10617772", "chunk_text": "\"Winter Olympic Games\"\nonly country to have earned a gold medal at every Winter Olympics is the United States. Norway leads the all-time medal table for the Winter Olympics both on number of gold and overall medals, followed by the United States, Germany, and the former Soviet Union. A predecessor, the Nordic Games, were organised by General Viktor Gustaf Balck in Stockholm, Sweden in 1901 and were held again in 1903 and 1905 and then every fourth year thereafter until 1926. Balck was a charter member of the IOC and a close friend of Olympic Games founder Pierre de Coubertin. He attempted to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3679239", "chunk_text": "\"Sports in the United States\"\nfor the United States. U.S. athletes have won a total of 2,522 medals (1,022 of them being gold) at the Summer Olympic Games and another 305 at the Winter Olympic Games. Most medals have been won in athletics (track and field) (801, 32%) and swimming (553, 22%). American swimmer Michael Phelps is the most decorated Olympic athlete of all time, with 28 Olympic medals, 23 of them gold. The United States has sent athletes to every celebration of the modern Olympic Games except the 1980 Summer Olympics hosted by the Soviet Union in Moscow, which it boycotted because of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7853260", "chunk_text": "\"1960 Summer Olympics medal table\"\nfrom 44 countries won at least one medal, leaving 39 countries in blank in the medal table. The Soviet Union won the most gold (43) and overall medals (103). British West Indies, Republic of China, Ethiopia, Ghana, Iraq, Morocco, and Singapore won the first medals in their Olympic history. The ranking in this table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee, although that organization does not officially recognize global ranking per country. The countries are ranked by the number of gold medals won by the athletes of that country. If countries are tied, first the number of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20430300", "chunk_text": "\"Italy at the Olympics\"\nalso at the World Championships. Updated to 22 February 2018. Italy at the Olympics Italy has competed at all the modern Olympic Games Italy has taken part in all the Winter Olympic Games, winning 124 medals, and 577 medals at the Summer Olympic Games. Italy has won a total of 246 gold medals which makes them the 6th most successful country in Olympic history, after the USA, the Soviet Union, Germany, Great Britain and France. Italy has the sixth highest medal total of all time with 701. The Italian National Olympic Committee was created in 1908 and recognised in 1913.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7942428", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Winter Olympics medal table\"\nin, Canada held the record for most gold medals won at a single Winter Olympics with 14, which it won in Vancouver in 2010. This mark was equalled by both Norway and Germany at these Olympics. Norway set the record for most total medals at a single Winter Olympics with 39, surpassing the 37 medals of the United States won at the 2010 Winter Olympics. The mark of 30 NOCs winning medals is the highest for any Winter Olympic Games. Hungary won its first Winter Olympic gold medal ever. Norwegian cross-country skier Marit Bjørgen (two gold, one silver, and two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5269714", "chunk_text": "\"All-time Olympic Games medal table\"\nsome of the entries in the preceding sections differently. For the 1900 Summer Olympics several countries are credited with appearances that are not considered official by the IOC. Only one of these cases concerns a medal. A gold medal that is officially added to France's total is given to Luxembourg. Similar cases of disputed nationality affect the 1904 Summer Olympics. France is credited with a silver medal and Norway with two gold medals. In the table above these medals are listed under the United States. Furthermore, Newfoundland is occasionally listed as a separate country at the 1904 Olympics, and would", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11006156", "chunk_text": "\"Larisa Latynina\"\nLarisa Latynina Larisa Semyonovna Latynina (, ; née Diriy; born 27 December 1934) is a former Soviet artistic gymnast from southern Ukraine. Between 1956 and 1964 she won 14 individual Olympic medals and four team medals. She holds the record for the most Olympic gold medals by a gymnast, male or female, with 9. Her total of 18 Olympic medals was a record for 48 years (Michael Phelps; 31 July 2012). She held the record for individual event medals with 14 for 52 years (Michael Phelps; 11 August 2016). She is credited with helping to establish the Soviet Union as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20430297", "chunk_text": "\"Italy at the Olympics\"\nItaly at the Olympics Italy has competed at all the modern Olympic Games Italy has taken part in all the Winter Olympic Games, winning 124 medals, and 577 medals at the Summer Olympic Games. Italy has won a total of 246 gold medals which makes them the 6th most successful country in Olympic history, after the USA, the Soviet Union, Germany, Great Britain and France. Italy has the sixth highest medal total of all time with 701. The Italian National Olympic Committee was created in 1908 and recognised in 1913. The Italian Olympic Team has also competed in the Mediterranean", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14671182", "chunk_text": "\"Canada at the Winter Olympics\"\nCanada at the Winter Olympics Canada (IOC country code CAN) has competed at every Winter Olympic Games, and has won at least one medal each time. By total medals, the country's best performance was in the 2018 Winter Olympic Games where Canadian athletes won 29 medals. Canada set a new record for most gold medals won by a country in a single Winter Olympics with 14 at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada. This achievement surpassed the previous record of 13 gold medals held by the Soviet Union (1976) and Norway (2002). Both Germany and Norway matched the record", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20245930", "chunk_text": "\"2008 Summer Olympics medal table\"\nfrom China won the most gold medals, with 48 gold medals. Athletes from the United States won the most total medals, with 112. Afghanistan, Mauritius, Sudan, Tajikistan and Togo won their first Olympic medals. Athletes from Mongolia (which previously held the record for most medals without a gold) and Panama won their first gold medals. Serbian swimmer Milorad Čavić won the first medal for the country as an independent NOC. Serbian athletes have previously won medals as nationals of Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro. Samoa won its first Olympic medal due to medals reallocation after the IOC retested doping samples", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5949790", "chunk_text": "\"All-time Olympic Games medal table\"\n2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang County, South Korea, and all changes in medal standings due to doping cases and medal redistributions up to October 2018 are taken into account. The sum total of gold, silver and bronze medals are not equal for the following reasons: After the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, 71 of the current 206 National Olympic Committees have yet to win an Olympic medal. Seven historic National Olympic Committees and the Refugee Olympic Team are also included in this list. The sections above are based on information published by the International Olympic Committee. Various sources deal with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1259495", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Summer Olympics medal table\"\nStates, Great Britain were second on the medal table by golds (27), and third by overall medals (67) – their highest finish in the former case since the home games of 1908 and in the latter since 1920, while China were third by golds (26), but second by overall medals (70). Both countries were significantly behind the United States tally (46 golds, 121 medals), but well clear of a group of challengers for fourth in the table including Russia, Germany, France and 2020 hosts Japan. Athletes from 87 nations earned medals at the 2016 Summer Olympics, breaking the record of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19463837", "chunk_text": "\"2008 Summer Olympics\"\none gold medal, both of these figures setting new records for Olympic Games. There were 117 participating countries that did not win any medals. Athletes from China won the highest number of gold medals of any nation at these Games, with 48, thus making China the seventh nation to rank top in the medal table in the history of the modern Olympics, along with the United States (fifteen times), France (in 1900), Great Britain (in 1908), Germany (in 1936), the Soviet Union (six times), and the Unified Team (in 1992). The United States team won the most medals overall, with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6924787", "chunk_text": "\"2004 Summer Olympics medal table\"\n(40) and the most medals overall (101). China finished second on the International Olympic Committee medal table (though third in terms of total medals), the country's best performance until the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Russia finished third, (second in total medals), and also won the most bronze medals (38). Host nation Greece finished fifteenth, with six gold, six silver, and four bronze medals, in its best total medal haul since 1896. Australia became the first nation to improve their gold medal total at the Games immediately after hosting a Summer Olympics. The United Arab Emirates, Paraguay and Eritrea won their first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4084087", "chunk_text": "\"Olympic medal table\"\none gold medal fewer than Norway - the latter winning 13. A similar situation occurred at the 2008 Summer Olympics, with China and U.S. topping the gold and total medal tallies respectively, and then again at the 2010 Winter Olympics when Canada and the U.S. finished 1st and 3rd respectively in the \"\"gold first\"\" ranking and 3rd and 1st respectively in terms of total medals won. Other exceptions are the 1896, 1912, and 1964 Summer Olympics when the United States finished first in gold medal count, but second in the overall medal count. In an August 24, 2008 news conference,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5470785", "chunk_text": "\"2012 Summer Olympics medal table\"\nmost gold medals at the games with four each. Phelps also won the greatest number of medals overall winning six in total. Bahrain (a gold medal following medals reallocation), Botswana, Cyprus, Gabon, Grenada (a gold medal), Guatemala, and Montenegro won their first Olympic medals. In prior Olympics, however, Montenegrin athletes have won medals as nationals of Serbia and Montenegro and of Yugoslavia. An athlete from Serbia won the first Olympic gold medal for the country as an independent NOC, however, Serbian athletes have previously won gold medals as nationals of Serbia and Montenegro and of Yugoslavia. Moldova lost all the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5849882", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Summer Olympics\"\nin the Guanabara Bay; and a doping scandal involving Russia, which affected the participation of its athletes in the Games; nobody competing in or attending the Olympics contracted the Zika virus. The United States topped the medal table for the fifth time in the past six Summer Olympics, winning the most golds (46) and most medals overall (121), as well as its 1,000th Olympic gold medal overall. Great Britain finished second and became the first country of modern Olympics history to increase its tally of medals in the subsequent games after being the host nation. China finished third. Host country", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10014941", "chunk_text": "\"Culture of Hungary\"\nmedals per capita in the Summer Olympics. Hungary has the ninth highest, out of 211 participating nations, all-time total medal count for the Olympic Games, with a total of 465 medals. This despite the fact that Hungary was punished and barred from participation in the 1920 and 1984 Olympics. In the Summer Olympics, Hungary was always been among the top 10 best nations (in gold medal count) between 1928 and 1996, when they were allowed to compete. Hungary had the third most gold medals in 1936, 1952, 1956, and 1960. \"\"See: All-time Olympic Games medal table\"\" (2008 data) Among the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11546851", "chunk_text": "\"Summer Olympic Games\"\nevery Summer Olympic Games – Australia, France, Great Britain, Greece and Switzerland. The United States leads the all-time medal table for the Summer Olympics. The United States has hosted the Summer Olympic Games more times than any other nation: the 1904 Games were held in St. Louis, Missouri; the 1932 and 1984 Games were both held in Los Angeles, California; and the 1996 Games were held in Atlanta, Georgia. The 2028 Games in Los Angeles will mark the fifth occasion on which the Summer Games have been hosted by the U.S. In 2012, the United Kingdom hosted its third Summer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5849815", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Winter Olympics\"\nGermany and Norway were tied for the most gold medals won; both won fourteen golds. Host nation South Korea won seventeen medals, their highest medal haul at a Winter Olympics, five of which were gold. Pyeongchang bid to host both the 2010 and 2014 Winter Olympics, but lost in the final rounds of voting to Vancouver and Sochi respectively. Munich also launched a bid to host these Games. Prior to Beijing's successful 2022 Winter Olympics bid, Munich would have become the first city to host both the Winter and the Summer Games, having previously hosted the 1972 Summer Olympics, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5269718", "chunk_text": "\"All-time Olympic Games medal table\"\nSerbia, Czech Republic etc. Sources All-time Olympic Games medal table The all-time medal table for all Olympic Games from 1896 to 2018, including Summer Olympic Games, Winter Olympic Games, and a combined total of both, is tabulated below. These Olympic medal counts do not include the 1906 Intercalated Games which are no longer recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) as official Games. The IOC itself does not publish all-time tables, and publishes unofficial tables only per single Games. This table was thus compiled by adding up single entries from the IOC database. The results are attributed to the IOC", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16076947", "chunk_text": "\"2012 Summer Olympics\"\ntournaments alongside the 2012 Games, but neither campaign was successful. The final official schedule was released on 15 February 2011. The Olympic Games featured 32 world records in eight sports. The largest number of records were set in swimming, with eight. China, Great Britain and the United States set the most records, with five each. A total of 85 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) won medals, 54 of those countries winning at least one gold medal. Bahrain, Botswana, Cyprus, Gabon, Grenada (a gold medal), Guatemala, and Montenegro won their first ever Olympic medals. The United States finished at the top of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8664155", "chunk_text": "\"Japan at the Olympics\"\nJapan at the Olympics Japan first participated at the Olympic Games in 1912, and has competed at almost every Games since then. The nation was not invited to the 1948 Games after World War II, and Japan was part of the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. Japan won its first medals in 1920, and its first gold medals in 1928. Japanese athletes have won 439 medals at the Summer Olympic Games (Except Art competitions at the 1936 Summer Olympics), with the most gold medals won in judo. Japan has also won 58 medals at the Winter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6880414", "chunk_text": "\"Culture of Hungary\"\nand gilded porcelain. In the mid-19th century, it was purveyor to the Habsburg Dynasty and aristocratic customers throughout Europe. Many of its classic patterns are still in production. After the fall of communism in Hungary, the factory was privatized and is now 75% owned by its management and workers, exporting to over 60 countries of the world. There are special Hungarian species of domestic animals which are seen as national symbols in Hungary. Only seven countries (USA, USSR, UK, France, Italy, China, and Germany) have won more Summer Olympic gold medals than Hungary. Hungary has the second most Olympic gold", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13658346", "chunk_text": "\"2002 Winter Olympics medal table\"\nconsecutive Winter Games. Immediately following the Games, Germany was also the gold medal leader with twelve. With 36 total medals, Germany set a record for most total medals at a Winter Olympics. Two years later, however, Norway was awarded two extra gold medals, raising their total to thirteen and giving them the lead in gold medals. In addition, Norway tied the former Soviet Union in 1976 for most gold medals at a Winter Olympics. This record would later be broken by Canada at the 2010 Winter Olympics. The United States, the host nation, was third in the medal count with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2057753", "chunk_text": "\"2000 Summer Olympics medal table\"\nthe Games with 58 medals overall (16 gold, 25 silver, and 17 bronze). Cameroon, Colombia, Latvia, Mozambique and Slovenia won a gold medal for the first time in their Olympic histories, while Vietnam, Barbados, Macedonia, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, and Saudi Arabia won their first ever Olympic medals, a silver in taekwondo, a bronze in athletics, a bronze in wrestling and a bronze in judo, respectively. The ranking in this table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee. The ranking sorts by the number of gold medals earned by a country—in this context, an entity represented by a National", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20430299", "chunk_text": "\"Italy at the Olympics\"\ntimes in the Winter Olympic Games. In total Italy has finished in the top 10 of the medal count 33 times. According to the official count of the International Olympic Committee, Italy has won 577 medals at Summer Olympics. The Italian athlete who won the most medals in the history of the Olympic Games, is the fencer Edoardo Mangiarotti. In this table (sorted by individual totals gold medals), the men who have won gold individual medals at the Olympics (but also at the World Championships). In this table, the women who have won gold individual medals at the Olympics and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10139928", "chunk_text": "\"1976 Summer Olympics medal table\"\nthe Olympic movement since 1964 due to its apartheid policies. Athletes from 42 countries won at least one medal, leaving 51 countries in blank in the medals table. The Soviet Union won the highest number of gold medals (49) and overall medals (125). Thailand and Bermuda won the first medals in their Olympic history, with Bermuda still being the least populous nation to ever win a Summer Olympic medal. The Montreal Summer Olympics proved disastrous to Canada not only in financial terms; it failed to win a single gold medal despite being the host nation. Overall, it was 27th in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "21006585", "chunk_text": "\"Culture of Italy\"\non four different occasions: 1934, 1938, 1982, and 2006. Only Brazil has a better record. Major Italian clubs frequently compete at a high level of European competitions. Italy has also taken part in all the Winter Olympic Games, winning 114 medals, and 577 medals at the Summer Olympic Games. Italy has won a total of 246 gold medals which makes them the 6th most successful country in Olympic history, after the USA, the Soviet Union, Germany, Great Britain and France. Italy has the sixth highest medal total of all time with 701. Rugby union is also recognised in Italy; clubs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19301178", "chunk_text": "\"Hungary at the Olympics\"\nthe Games and has the second highest all time number of gold medals per capita of any nation behind only Finland. The National Olympic Committee for Hungary is the \"\"Hungarian Olympic Committee\"\", and was created and recognized in 1895. The Hungarian athletes who won the most medals in the history of the Olympic Games are the fencer Aladár Gerevich and the gymnast Ágnes Keleti. Hungary at the Olympics Hungary first participated at the Olympic Games at the inaugural 1896 Games, and has sent athletes to compete in most Summer Olympic Games and every Winter Olympic Games since then. The nation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13658148", "chunk_text": "\"1924 Summer Olympics medal table\"\n1924 Summer Olympics medal table This is the full medal table of the 1924 Summer Olympics which were held in Paris, France. The United States once again dominated the medal table, winning the most gold (45), silver (27), bronze (27) and overall (99) medals. These rankings sort by the number of gold medals earned by a country. The number of silvers is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze. If, after the above, countries are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically. This follows the system used by the IOC, IAAF and BBC.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7853333", "chunk_text": "\"1924 Summer Olympics medal table\"\n1924 Summer Olympics medal table This is the full medal table of the 1924 Summer Olympics which were held in Paris, France. The United States once again dominated the medal table, winning the most gold (45), silver (27), bronze (27) and overall (99) medals. These rankings sort by the number of gold medals earned by a country. The number of silvers is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze. If, after the above, countries are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically. This follows the system used by the IOC, IAAF and BBC.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5849883", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Summer Olympics\"\nBrazil won seven gold medals, its most at any single Summer Olympics, finishing in thirteenth place. Bahrain, Fiji, Jordan, Kosovo, Puerto Rico, Singapore, Tajikistan, Ivory Coast and Vietnam each won their first gold medals, as did the group of Independent Olympic Athletes (from Kuwait). The process for the 2016 Olympic Games was officially launched on 16 May 2007. The first step for each city was to submit an initial application to the International Olympic Committee by 13 September 2007, confirming their intention to bid. Completed official bid files, containing answers to a 25-question IOC form, were to be submitted by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3804143", "chunk_text": "\"Sport in Greece\"\nthe time regarded as Olympic Games but not officially recognized by the International Olympic Committee today. The nation has competed at every Summer Olympic Games, one of the only four countries to have done so, and most of the Winter Olympic Games. During the parade of nations Greece is always called first, as the founding nation of the ancient precursor of modern Olympics, and its national governing body is the Hellenic Olympic Committee. Having won a total of 110 medals (30 gold, 42 silver and 38 bronze), Greece is ranked 32nd by gold medals in the all-time Summer Olympic medal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2718996", "chunk_text": "\"2010 Winter Olympics\"\nstill only a demonstration sport). Canada clinched their first gold medal on the second day of the competition and first topped the gold medal tally on the second to last day of competition and went on to become the first host nation since Norway in 1952 to lead the gold medal count. With 14, Canada broke the record for the most gold medals won at a single Winter Olympics, which was 13, set by the Soviet Union in 1976 and Norway in 2002. The United States won the most medals in total, their second time doing so at the Winter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1259494", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Summer Olympics medal table\"\nfirst independent athlete to win a gold medal, though gold medals have been won under the Olympic flag by other entities, such as countries that competed under the flag at 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow or the Unified Team in 1992. For the fifth time in the last six Games, the United States led the medal table both in number of gold medals won (as the medals are listed on the official website of the Games, and internationally by tradition), and in overall medals (the traditional method by which the table is listed in the United States). Behind the United", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13658099", "chunk_text": "\"1948 Summer Olympics medal table\"\nfrom Arab countries should an Israeli team fly their flag at the opening ceremony, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) excluded Israel from the Games on a technicality. The most successful nation was the United States, winning the most gold (38), silver (27) and bronze (19) medals. Great Britain, the host nation, although winning only three gold medals, and twenty-three medals overall, was seen as successful. Several countries participated for the first time, including Burma, Ceylon, Lebanon, Puerto Rico and Syria. The Olympic medals themselves were the standard \"\"Trionfo\"\" design used for the Olympic medals between 1928 and 1968. It was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10751897", "chunk_text": "\"1928 Summer Olympics medal table\"\na first-place tie in the event. The athletes of 33 different countries won one or more medals, leaving 13 countries without medals. The most medals (56) and the most gold medals (22) were won by athletes from the United States. The countries are ranked by the number of gold medals won by the athletes of that country. If countries are tied, first the number of silver medals is taken into consideration and then the number of bronze medals. If, after the above, countries are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically. Source: www.olympic.org The ranking of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11546848", "chunk_text": "\"Summer Olympic Games\"\nSummer Olympic Games The Summer Olympic Games () or the Games of the Olympiad, first held in 1896, is a quadrennial international multi-sport event. The most recent Olympics were held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) organises the Games and oversees the host city's preparations. In each Olympic event, gold medals are awarded for first place, silver medals are awarded for second place, and bronze medals are awarded for third place; this tradition began in 1904. The Winter Olympic Games were created due to the success of the Summer Olympics. The Olympics have increased in scope", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13459634", "chunk_text": "\"United States at the Olympics\"\nUnited States at the Olympics The United States of America has sent athletes to every celebration of the modern Olympic Games with the exception of the 1980 Summer Olympics, during which it led a boycott. The United States Olympic Committee (USOC) is the National Olympic Committee for the United States. From 1896 to 2018 inclusive, U.S. athletes have won a total of 2,522 medals (1,022 of them gold) at the Summer Olympic Games, more than any other nation, and another 305 at the Winter Olympic Games, the second most behind Norway. The United States has hosted the Games on eight", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10752056", "chunk_text": "\"1904 Summer Olympics medal table\"\nof a mixed team, so these medals are tabulated under different nations in the official counts. The United States won 239 medals, setting a record that still stands today. The Soviet Union came closest to beating the record with 195 medals at the 1980 Summer Olympics and currently is in second place. The Soviets, however, won a record 80 gold medals, surpassing 78 golds won by the Americans in 1904. However, the United States subsequently won 83 gold medals in the 1984 Summer Olympics, setting another all-time record. Gold medals were awarded to event winners for the first time at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13658307", "chunk_text": "\"1896 Summer Olympics medal table\"\n1896 Summer Olympics medal table The 1896 Summer Olympics medal count is a list of National Olympic Committees ranked by the number of medals won during the 1896 Summer Olympics—the first Olympic Games of the Modern era—held in Athens, Greece, from 6 to 15 April 1896. A total of 241 athletes from 14 nations participated in 43 events in nine sports at these games. Ten of the fourteen participating nations earned medals, in addition to three medals won by mixed teams, i.e. teams made up of athletes from multiple nations. The United States won the most gold medals (11) with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16121993", "chunk_text": "\"Michael Phelps\"\nMichael Phelps Michael Fred Phelps II (born June 30, 1985) is an American retired competitive swimmer and the most successful and most decorated Olympian of all time, with a total of 28 medals. Phelps also holds the all-time records for Olympic gold medals (23), Olympic gold medals in individual events (13), and Olympic medals in individual events (16). When he won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Games, Phelps broke fellow American swimmer Mark Spitz's 1972 record of seven first-place finishes at any single Olympic Games. At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Phelps had already tied the record", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6924788", "chunk_text": "\"2004 Summer Olympics medal table\"\never Olympic medals. Israel, Chile, Dominican Republic, Georgia, Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) and United Arab Emirates won their first Olympic gold medals. The medal table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and is consistent with IOC convention in its published medal tables. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won (in this context, a nation is an entity represented by a National Olympic Committee). The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals. If nations are still", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5269716", "chunk_text": "\"All-time Olympic Games medal table\"\ngold medal was awarded to Hermann Schreiber of Switzerland for crossing the Alps in a glider in 1935, the first time that had been done. Some sources include these IOC awards of gold medals in the overall count. Germany has competed under five different designations, including as two separate teams at several Games. Sources vary in how they present the medals won by these teams. The table below shows sourced combinations of these teams, when applied to the updated medal totals from the main table. The Russian Federation, the Russian Empire and the Olympic Athletes from Russia are often combined", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8103210", "chunk_text": "\"Cuba at the Olympics\"\nCuba at the Olympics Cuba first participated at the Olympic Games in 1900, and has sent athletes to compete in 20 of 28 Summer Olympic Games overall. Cuban athletes have won a total of 226 medals at the Summer Olympics (78 gold, 68 silver, 80 bronze). Cuban athletes have never participated in the Winter Olympic Games. Cuba is the most successful Olympic team (by total medals won) among those nations who never even participated at Winter Olympics. Cuba has won the third position of American countries in gold medals (trailing only the United States and Canada), and has won more", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2978820", "chunk_text": "\"2008 Summer Olympics\"\nunprecedented 87 countries won at least one medal during the Games. China won the most gold medals, with 48, and became only the seventh different team to top an overall Olympic medal tally, winning a total of 100 medals overall. The United States placed second in the gold medal tally but won the highest number of medals overall, with a total of 112. The third place in the gold medal tally was achieved by Russia. Beijing has been selected to host the 2022 Winter Olympics; it would then become the first city ever to host both a Summer and Winter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19463838", "chunk_text": "\"2008 Summer Olympics\"\n112. Afghanistan, Mauritius, Sudan, Tajikistan and Togo won their first ever Olympic medals. Mongolia (which previously held the record for most medals without a gold) and Panama won their first gold medals. Four members of the water polo team from Serbia won the first medal for their country under its new name, having previously won medals representing Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro. American swimmer Michael Phelps won a total of eight gold medals, more than any other athlete in a single Olympic games, setting numerous world and Olympic records in the process. Jamaican sprinter Usain Bolt also set records in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10752073", "chunk_text": "\"1896 Summer Olympics medal table\"\narticle. 1896 Summer Olympics medal table The 1896 Summer Olympics medal count is a list of National Olympic Committees ranked by the number of medals won during the 1896 Summer Olympics—the first Olympic Games of the Modern era—held in Athens, Greece, from 6 to 15 April 1896. A total of 241 athletes from 14 nations participated in 43 events in nine sports at these games. Ten of the fourteen participating nations earned medals, in addition to three medals won by mixed teams, i.e. teams made up of athletes from multiple nations. The United States won the most gold medals (11)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3344	when did the song things that make you go hmmm come out?	n/a	[ "June 1991", "June 23, 1991" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "384600", "chunk_text": "\"Things That Make You Go Hmmm...\"\nThings That Make You Go Hmmm... \"\"Things That Make You Go Hmmm...\"\" is a song by American dance group C+C Music Factory. It was released in June 1991 as the third single from the album \"\"Gonna Make You Sweat\"\". The single features Freedom Williams and he is also seen in the song's music video. The song was inspired by a running gag on \"\"The Arsenio Hall Show\"\", where Arsenio, while allegedly on a long drive, pondered certain thoughts and referred to them as \"\"things that make you go hmmm...\"\" The C+C song was a success in the US, reaching number", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1281656", "chunk_text": "\"Things That Make You Go Hmmm...\"\nunder the title \"\"Things That Make You Go Mmm\"\". The single reached number three in the UK and number four in Scotland. Things That Make You Go Hmmm... \"\"Things That Make You Go Hmmm...\"\" is a song by American dance group C+C Music Factory. It was released in June 1991 as the third single from the album \"\"Gonna Make You Sweat\"\". The single features Freedom Williams and he is also seen in the song's music video. The song was inspired by a running gag on \"\"The Arsenio Hall Show\"\", where Arsenio, while allegedly on a long drive, pondered certain thoughts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16096452", "chunk_text": "\"Zelma Davis\"\nZelma Davis Zelma Davis (born August 2, 1970) is a Liberian-born singer-songwriter. She is primarily known for her number-one Dance hits \"\"Things That Make You Go Hmmm...\"\" and \"\"Just a Touch of Love\"\" with C+C Music Factory. She has earned four American Music Awards, five Billboard Music Awards, two MTV Video Music Awards, and a Grammy Award nomination with the group. Upon C+C Music Factory's emergence onto the scene in late 1990, Davis was marketed as the principal vocalist of the ensemble—despite there having been several other female vocalists, in addition to her, who had provided the vocals to various", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "384601", "chunk_text": "\"Things That Make You Go Hmmm...\"\nfour on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and number 31 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot R&B Singles chart. It also reached number four on the UK Singles Chart. The song contains samples from the songs \"\"I'm Shook\"\" by James Brown, \"\"My Thang\"\" by James Brown, and \"\"Apache\"\" by the Incredible Bongo Band. The song was certified gold by the RIAA on August 13, 1991 for sales of over 500,000 copies. \"\"Music & Media\"\" wrote about the song: \"\"The secret behind the success of these dance/pop providers is the good hook in their songs. This time it's the saxophone part, which is repeated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16096456", "chunk_text": "\"Zelma Davis\"\nDJ Heavygrinder called \"\"Chains of Love\"\". In 2010, she released three singles: \"\"Free Love\"\", \"\"Touch the Sky\"\", and \"\"Summer of Love\"\". In January 2015, she released a single with Dank called \"\"1994 (Rhythm Is Right)\"\". In 2017, Davis appeared in the TV series \"\"Dr. Ken\"\". Zelma Davis Zelma Davis (born August 2, 1970) is a Liberian-born singer-songwriter. She is primarily known for her number-one Dance hits \"\"Things That Make You Go Hmmm...\"\" and \"\"Just a Touch of Love\"\" with C+C Music Factory. She has earned four American Music Awards, five Billboard Music Awards, two MTV Video Music Awards, and a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "384602", "chunk_text": "\"Things That Make You Go Hmmm...\"\nafter each line.\"\" The \"\"Gavin Report\"\" wrote: \"\"Writers/producers Cole and Clivilles have successfully crossbred a unique brand of Rap and melody that's taken them on back-to-back trips into the Top Ten. This third entry maintains their infectious rhythm, strengthened by a title that will keep audiences hummmmin'.\"\" The music video was directed by Marcus Nispel and the style of the video was a major trendsetter in the early 1990s. It featured silhouetted animation of dancers jumping and dancing in front of a white background, with a stage visible, but also in silhouette. The story of the song was also interpreted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8905633", "chunk_text": "\"Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm\"\nMmm Mmm Mmm Mmm \"\"Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm\"\" is a song by the Canadian folk rock group Crash Test Dummies, It was released on October 1, 1993 as the lead single from their second album, \"\"God Shuffled His Feet.\"\" Despite receiving mostly negative reviews from critics, it was very successful around the world, peaking at number one in Australia, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and on the US Modern Rock Tracks chart. It also became a top-five hit on both the UK Singles Chart and the all-genre US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, but in the band's native Canada, it stalled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "384603", "chunk_text": "\"Things That Make You Go Hmmm...\"\nwith black and gold cut-out animation that was a departure from the in-vogue 3D CGI animation of the time; however, these 2-D cut-outs ended up being even more progressive. In American advertising, Coca-Cola was one of the first to advertise special promotions featuring the group in a special, brief cut of their music video. A version of the song was also used in a series of ads for McDonald's. The ABC television network was one of the earliest media outlets to jump on the C+C bandwagon, advertising their spring 1992 prime-time programming under the takeoff banner, \"\"\"\"Shows that make you", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1281655", "chunk_text": "\"Things That Make You Go Hmmm...\"\ngo...\"\"\"\", using a custom version of the song and running ads with a woman posing in front of a white background. Then, for their 1992-93 network campaign, ABC brought out many of their stars to do a complete take-off of the song and video for the \"\"It Must Be ABC\"\" banner. The song was heard in the short-lived US TV show \"\"Surviving Jack\"\" in episode six, \"\"She Drives Me Crazy\"\", as well as in the British television series \"\"\"\". The British girl group Stooshe covered the song and released it in 2013 as a B-side to their single \"\"Black Heart\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12073450", "chunk_text": "\"It's the Things You Do\"\nIt's the Things You Do \"\"It's the Things You Do\"\" is the fifth single from British boy band Five's debut studio album, \"\"5ive\"\" (1998). Written by Max Martin, George Shahin, Herbie Crichlow and Five, the song was released as a single exclusively in the United States. The song charted at number 53 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. The video for the song was directed by Nigel Dick, who had previously directed the video for the band's second single, \"\"When the Lights Go Out\"\". The video was recorded at the Willow Springs Raceway in California, on 23 and 24 November 1998.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9595446", "chunk_text": "\"C+C Music Factory\"\ntheir debut album, \"\"Just a Touch of Love\"\", featured in the movie \"\"Sister Act\"\". The album contained two more Top 5 singles; \"\"Here We Go (Let's Rock & Roll)\"\" reached No. 3 on Billboard's Hot 100 chart (and No. 20 in the UK), and \"\"Things That Make You Go Hmmm\"\" (inspired by a phrase uttered periodically by late-night talk show host, Arsenio Hall) reached No. 4 (and No. 4 in the UK). In 1992, they had another No. 1 Dance/Club play hit with the song \"\"Keep It Comin'\"\" (Dance Till You Can't Dance No More); with emcee Q-Unique and lead", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6935144", "chunk_text": "\"Shapes of Things\"\nShapes of Things \"\"Shapes of Things\"\" is a song by the English rock group the Yardbirds. With its Eastern-sounding, feedback-laden guitar solo and anti-war/pro-environmental lyrics, several music writers have identified it as the first popular psychedelic rock song. It is built on musical elements contributed by several group members in three different recording studios in the US and was the first Yardbirds' composition to become a record chart hit. When it was released as a single on 25 February 1966, the song reached number three in the UK and the top-ten in the US and Canada. The song features Jeff", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8667932", "chunk_text": "\"Wild Things (song)\"\nWild Things (song) \"\"Wild Things\"\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Alessia Cara for her debut studio album, \"\"Know-It-All\"\" (2015). It was released to digital retailers on October 27, 2015, as a promotional single before being sent to contemporary hit radio on February 2, 2016, as the album's second official single. The song was written by Alessia Caracciolo, Coleridge Tillman, Thabiso \"\"Tab\"\" Nkhereanye, and James Ho, and was produced by the latter. Official remixes were commissioned in the spring of 2016 and were released on an extended play on May 13, 2016, one of which features a guest verse", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13122404", "chunk_text": "\"C+C Music Factory\"\nC+C Music Factory C+C Music Factory was an American musical group formed in 1989 by David Cole and Robert Clivillés. The group is best known for their five hit singles: \"\"Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)\"\", \"\"Here We Go (Let's Rock & Roll)\"\", \"\"Things That Make You Go Hmmmm...\"\", \"\"Just a Touch of Love\"\", and \"\"Keep It Comin'\"\". The band stopped recording in 1996, following Cole's death. In 2010, C+C Music Factory reformed, with Eric Kupper replacing Cole. Original vocalist Freedom Williams acquired trademark rights to the name in 2003 and still tours under that moniker. C+C Music Factory", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3183486", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Things\"\nPretty Things The Pretty Things are an English rock band, formed in 1963 in London. They took their name from Willie Dixon's 1955 song \"\"Pretty Thing\"\". A pure rhythm and blues band in their early years, with several singles charting in the United Kingdom, they later embraced other genres such as psychedelic rock in the late 1960s (with 1968 \"\"S.F. Sorrow\"\" being one of the first rock operas), hard rock in the early 1970s and new wave in the early 1980s. Despite this, they never managed to recapture the same level of commercial success of their very first releases. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12819757", "chunk_text": "\"Things to Make and Do\"\nbe pretending. Now, I know myself better.\"\" After the release of \"\"Things to Make and Do\"\", offers came in for Murphy to guest on others' records, most notably The Psychedelic Waltons, Boris D. and Handsome Boy Modelling School. The album held the record as Echo's fastest-selling UK platinum record, until beaten by Feeder's \"\"The Singles\"\" compilation six years later. As of May 2015, the album has sold over 355,000 copies in the UK. As of December 2000 it has sold more than 750,000 units worldwide. \"\"The Time Is Now\"\", the album's first single, became Moloko's biggest hit, peaking at number", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19199284", "chunk_text": "\"Fine Young Cannibals\"\nand second albums, Steele and Cox released an instrumental house single under the moniker \"\"Two Men, a Drum Machine and a Trumpet\"\" in 1987, called \"\"Tired Of Getting Pushed Around\"\", which reached No. 18 in the UK Singles Chart and was popular on the U.S. dance chart. During this time, Gift appeared in the movie \"\"Sammy and Rosie Get Laid\"\". The band continued their international success with the singles \"\"She Drives Me Crazy\"\" and \"\"Good Thing\"\", from the 1989 album \"\"The Raw & the Cooked\"\". The latter song was their second U.S. number one, topping the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9057477", "chunk_text": "\"Gonna Make You Sweat\"\nPlay and Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales as well as number three on the Australian ARIA Singles chart and UK Singles Chart. The song's opening line is frequently played during indoor sporting events as a way of maintaining enthusiasm among the spectators. The album's follow-up singles also performed well, including the second single, \"\"Here We Go (Let's Rock & Roll)\"\" as well as the album's third release, \"\"Things That Make You Go Hmmm...,\"\" both of which became top five entries on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. In a contemporary review, \"\"Select\"\" stated that \"\"For every might tune like the title track, there's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12342388", "chunk_text": "\"The Quiet Things That No One Ever Knows\"\nThe Quiet Things That No One Ever Knows \"\"The Quiet Things That No One Ever Knows\"\" is a single by American rock band Brand New. It was the first single from their second album, \"\"Deja Entendu\"\" (2003). The single was originally released commercially on 7\"\" vinyl in the UK on October 6, 2003. It was re-released as a CD, DVD and 7\"\" vinyl single set to promote their UK tour with Incubus on May 17, 2004. The song was the group's first charting single, and peaked at number 37 on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart in the United States and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13764028", "chunk_text": "\"Things (Bobby Darin song)\"\nThings (Bobby Darin song) \"\"Things\"\" is a song which was written and recorded by Bobby Darin in 1962. Released as a single, it reached No.3 in the U.S., No.2 in the U.K., and No.3 in the first-ever official Irish Singles Chart, published by RTÉ in October 1962. In 1962, Darin began to write and sing country music, with hit songs including \"\"Things\"\". It was the final Darin single released on the Atco Records unit of Atlantic Records before he began recording for Capitol Records. While vault material would continue to be issued on Atco, Darin would later return to Atlantic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "743032", "chunk_text": "\"The Arsenio Hall Show\"\nProgram\"\", at which point a camera pans over to that section to reveal a digitally pixilated view of the audience that made it impossible to identify them. A frequent joke in Hall's opening monologue suggested that he still lives in Cleveland and drives himself to Los Angeles every day to host the show. While on these alleged long drives, Hall ponders certain thoughts, referring to them as \"\"things that make you go hmmm...\"\" The running gag inspired a 1991 C+C Music Factory song by the same title. \"\"Things That Make You Go Hmmm...\"\" reached #1 on the Billboard Hot Dance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13318311", "chunk_text": "\"Along Comes Mary\"\nand Plainsong both covered it in 2005, and The Folkswingers covered it in 2007. The Association's version appears in the 2011 film \"\"That's What I Am.\"\" Along Comes Mary \"\"Along Comes Mary\"\" is a song composed by Tandyn Almer, originally recorded in 1966 by the Association, and released on their debut album \"\"And Then... Along Comes the Association\"\". It was their first hit and reached number seven on the U.S. charts. \"\"Along Comes Mary\"\" is sung from the point of view of a once-disillusioned young man talking about the \"\"tribulations no one ever sees\"\" and who \"\"curse[s] those faults in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6284305", "chunk_text": "\"Those Things\"\nThose Things Those Things is the second album by songwriter and music producer Miguel Migs, released in 2007. The album has gained critical praise as well as commercial success. \"\"Those Things\"\" peaked at number 15 on the US Top Electronic Albums chart. It is an album that ranges from deep house to hip house, with each being solid productions overall. \"\"Those Things\"\" features vocal performances by Migs's main vocalist on his songs, Lisa Shaw, Aya, Tim Fuller, and reggae artist Junior Reid. The album features more live instrumentation than Migs' début album and includes a guest appearance by Fred Ross", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3210951", "chunk_text": "\"You Sexy Thing\"\nYou Sexy Thing \"\"You Sexy Thing\"\" is a song recorded by the British group Hot Chocolate. It was written by Hot Chocolate's lead singer Errol Brown, and produced by Mickie Most. The song was released in October 1975, and reached number 2 in the UK Singles Chart in 1975, and number 3 in the US Pop charts a year later. \"\"Billboard\"\" ranked it as the No. 22 song for 1976. The song went on to gain notability by being featured in films, such as \"\"The Full Monty\"\" (1997). The song was originally a 1975 B-side. Not yet convinced that the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12276626", "chunk_text": "\"Hot Fuss\"\nHot Fuss Hot Fuss is the debut studio album by American rock band The Killers. It was released on June 7, 2004, in the United Kingdom and on June 15, 2004, in the United States. The album is mostly influenced by new wave music and post-punk. \"\"Hot Fuss\"\" produced several commercially and critically successful singles: \"\"Mr. Brightside\"\", \"\"Somebody Told Me\"\", \"\"All These Things That I've Done\"\" and \"\"Smile Like You Mean It\"\". The album reached number seven on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 chart and number one on the UK Albums Chart. , \"\"Hot Fuss\"\" had sold more than seven million copies", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15076023", "chunk_text": "\"Dumb Things\"\nDumb Things \"\"Dumb Things\"\" or \"\"I've Done all the Dumb Things\"\" was the fourth single released by Australian rock group Paul Kelly and the Coloured Girls from their second album, \"\"Under the Sun\"\". The single was released by Mushroom Records imprint White Label Records in January 1989 and reached No. 36 on the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Singles Chart. In the US, it was released under the band name, Paul Kelly and the Messengers, which reached No. 16 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Modern Rock chart. A music video, directed by Larry Williams, was provided for the single – a still", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8032254", "chunk_text": "\"The Things That You Do\"\nThe Things That You Do \"\"The Things That You Do\"\" is a song performed by American R&B singer Gina Thompson from her debut album, \"\"Nobody Does It Better\"\" (1996). The single version was released as the Bad Boy Remix featuring Missy Elliott, who gained notability and mainstream attention for her unique signature, \"\"Hee-Hee-How\"\" punchline. Elliott's contribution managed to help the single crack the top 20 on Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, where it peaked at #12 and spent a total of 29 weeks. The song also appeared on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart, where it peaked at #41. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1747491", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Wild Things Are\"\nthe film. The screenplay was novelized by Eggers as \"\"The Wild Things\"\", published in 2009. In 2012, indie rock quartet alt-J released the song \"\"Breezeblocks\"\", inspired in part by the book. Alt-J keyboardist Gus Unger-Hamilton said the story and the song share similar ideas about parting with a loved one. \"\"Breezeblocks\"\" reached certified ARIA Gold status in Australia. In 2016, Alessia Cara released her second single, \"\"Wild Things\"\", which charted at number fifty on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. In an interview with ABC News Radio, Cara stated she took inspiration from \"\"Where the Wild Things Are\"\", saying \"\"each 'Thing' represents", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17662844", "chunk_text": "\"What Makes You Beautiful\"\nWhat Makes You Beautiful \"\"What Makes You Beautiful\"\" is a song by English-Irish boy band One Direction. It served as their debut single and lead single from their debut studio album, \"\"Up All Night\"\" (2011). Written by Savan Kotecha and producer Rami Yacoub, the song was released by Syco Records on 11 September 2011. The uptempo power pop track features a prominent guitar-based chorus and riff. The middle eight consists of a \"\"na na na\"\" hook while the opening guitar riff interpolates The McCoys's 1965 single \"\"Hang on Sloopy\"\". \"\"What Makes You Beautiful\"\" was a commercial success, reaching number one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8366903", "chunk_text": "\"Headline News (song)\"\nin late 2006. Later in the tour, he changed it to reference Paris Hilton's DUI and imprisonment, and her subsequent interview on \"\"Larry King Live\"\". Headline News (song) \"\"Headline News\"\" is a parody song by \"\"Weird Al\"\" Yankovic. It is a parody of the Crash Test Dummies's 1993 hit \"\"Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm\"\". It was released as the lead-off single for the compilation box set \"\"\"\" on September 27, 1994. The song was written after Yankovic's label insisted he craft a new song to promote the album; Yankovic in turn combined the music of the Crash Test Dummies' song with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14735254", "chunk_text": "\"Headline News (song)\"\nHeadline News (song) \"\"Headline News\"\" is a parody song by \"\"Weird Al\"\" Yankovic. It is a parody of the Crash Test Dummies's 1993 hit \"\"Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm\"\". It was released as the lead-off single for the compilation box set \"\"\"\" on September 27, 1994. The song was written after Yankovic's label insisted he craft a new song to promote the album; Yankovic in turn combined the music of the Crash Test Dummies' song with three news stories that were popular in late 1993 and early 1994. To help promote the song and album, Yankovic directed a music video that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3961445", "chunk_text": "\"The Things We Make\"\nThe Things We Make The Things We Make is the debut album by English indie rock band Six by Seven. The album included the single \"\"European Me\"\", described by the \"\"NME\"\" as \"\"one of the greatest debut singles of all time\"\". The album featured numerous 'epic' tracks with \"\"Oh! Dear\"\", \"\"European Me\"\" and \"\"88-92-96\"\" all clocking in at almost seven minutes or more and \"\"Spy Song\"\" reaching almost nine minutes. Aside from \"\"European Me\"\", \"\"88-92-96\"\", \"\"Candlelight\"\" and \"\"For You\"\" were released as singles, with \"\"Candlelight\"\" reaching the lower regions of the singles charts. The album was ranked 13th in NME's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17403723", "chunk_text": "\"Things That Never Cross a Man's Mind\"\nThings That Never Cross a Man's Mind \"\"Things That Never Cross a Man's Mind\"\" is a song written by Tim Johnson, Don Poythress and Wynn Varble, and recorded by American country artist Kellie Pickler. It was released as the third and final single from her debut album, \"\"Small Town Girl\"\". \"\"Things That Never Cross a Man's Mind\"\" is an up-tempo song, featuring electric guitar and piano in the production. The song's female narrator playfully describes the differences between men and women by stating things that the average woman thinks of on a regular basis, \"\"that never cross[es] a man's mind.\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11897932", "chunk_text": "\"Emotions (The Pretty Things album)\"\nEmotions (The Pretty Things album) Emotions is the third album by the English rock group The Pretty Things, released in 1967. The sessions for \"\"Emotions\"\" were spread across a few months during which there were major changes in the band's line up. Their record company Fontana had not been happy with how their three 1966 singles \"\"Midnight to Six Man\"\", \"\"Come See Me\"\" and \"\"A House in the Country\"\" had sold. For the latter single, Fontana assigned them producer Steve Rowland who was producing hits for Dave Dee, Dozy, Beaky, Mick & Tich hoping that Rowland would help the band", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12413888", "chunk_text": "\"Little Bit of Everything\"\nLittle Bit of Everything Little Bit of Everything is the third studio album by American country music singer Billy Currington. It was released on October 14, 2008 via Mercury Nashville. Its lead-off single, \"\"Don't\"\", became his sixth Top 10 hit on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs chart. Before that song, Currington released a song in late 2007 called \"\"Tangled Up\"\", which peaked at number 30 and was not included on an album. \"\"People Are Crazy\"\" was released as the second single in March 2009 and became Currington's third number one hit in August 2009. The third single, \"\"That's How", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5527612", "chunk_text": "\"Along Comes Mary\"\nAlong Comes Mary \"\"Along Comes Mary\"\" is a song composed by Tandyn Almer, originally recorded in 1966 by the Association, and released on their debut album \"\"And Then... Along Comes the Association\"\". It was their first hit and reached number seven on the U.S. charts. \"\"Along Comes Mary\"\" is sung from the point of view of a once-disillusioned young man talking about the \"\"tribulations no one ever sees\"\" and who \"\"curse[s] those faults in me.\"\" The singer believes Mary gives him comfort and improves his life. An acquaintance of Almer claimed in an interview that \"\"Mary\"\" refers to marijuana, though", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19676231", "chunk_text": "\"My Mind Makes Noises\"\nMy Mind Makes Noises My Mind Makes Noises is the debut studio album by English indie pop band Pale Waves. It was released on 14 September 2018 by Dirty Hit and Interscope Records. The album was recorded with Jonathan Gilmore producing with Ciara Doran providing additional production. The 1975's George Daniel and Matthew Healy produced \"\"Television Romance\"\" and There's a Honey\"\", although the songs were remixed for inclusion on the album. The album debuted at number eight on the UK Albums Chart and at number one on \"\"Billboard\"\"s Heatseekers Albums chart. The album received \"\"generally favorable reviews\"\" from critics upon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15538158", "chunk_text": "\"The Stuff That Dreams Are Made Of\"\nThe Stuff That Dreams Are Made Of \"\"The Stuff That Dreams Are Made Of\"\" is the third single from Carly Simon's 1987 album \"\"Coming Around Again\"\". The song was written by Simon and produced by John Boylan. Simon performed the song at her iconic 1987 concert . The song is one of Simon's biggest latter period AC hits, and as a result is included on multiple compilations of her work, which include 1995's 3-disc box set \"\"Clouds in My Coffee\"\", the UK import \"\"\"\", the 2-disc retrospective \"\"Anthology\"\", 2004's single disc \"\"\"\", and 2014's \"\"\"\". The title references the line", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17253110", "chunk_text": "\"Come See Me (The Pretty Things song)\"\nCome See Me (The Pretty Things song) \"\"Come See Me\"\" is a 1966 song by The Pretty Things on Fontana Records. It was a cover of a song originally written by J.J. Jackson, Pierre Tubbs and Sidney Barnes. The song charted in UK and Netherlands. The B-side was a concert favorite \"\"£.s.d\"\", the meaning of which was clear when sung as a chorus \"\"yes I need L.S.D.\"\" not pounds, shillings and pence. The title was a play on abbreviations by writers Phil May and Dick Taylor, though May would admit later years that the song is about LSD. The song", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1589603", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Things\"\nvarious horror and soft-porn films of the late 1960s, such as \"\"What's Good for the Goose\"\" (1969). The song \"\"It'll Never Be Me\"\" featured in the 1973 Doctor Who story \"\"The Green Death\"\". The song \"\"Cause I'm a Man\"\" appeared in George A. Romero's horror classic \"\"Dawn of the Dead\"\" (1978) and was reissued on Trunk Records' 2004 compilation album \"\"\"\". Pretty Things The Pretty Things are an English rock band, formed in 1963 in London. They took their name from Willie Dixon's 1955 song \"\"Pretty Thing\"\". A pure rhythm and blues band in their early years, with several singles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18007568", "chunk_text": "\"Littlest Things\"\nLittlest Things \"\"Littlest Things\"\" is a song by English singer Lily Allen from her debut studio album, \"\"Alright, Still\"\" (2006). Written by Allen and Mark Ronson, the song was released as the third single of the album on 11 December 2006 by Regal Recordings. It incorporates a piano sample from Pierre Bachelet and Hervé Roy's music from the softcore pornography film \"\"Emmanuelle\"\", for which they were credited as co-writers, as the lyrics tackle the singer dealing with the departure of her boyfriend, while reminiscing about their time together. The song was created in a New York studio, after Allen had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18554244", "chunk_text": "\"People Are Strange\"\nPeople Are Strange \"\"People Are Strange\"\" is a single released by the American rock band the Doors in September 1967 from their second album \"\"Strange Days\"\" which was also released in September 1967. The single peaked at the number 12 position of the U.S. Hot 100 chart and made it to the top ten in the Cash Box charts. It was written by Jim Morrison and Robby Krieger although credit was given to the Doors evenly. \"\"People Are Strange\"\" was composed in early 1967 after guitarist Robby Krieger and a depressed Jim Morrison had walked to the top of Laurel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20921244", "chunk_text": "\"Wild Things!\"\nbelongs to \"\"How Now Wild Cow\"\", a play on the phrase of elocution suggested by one of Mel Taylor's sons. The track Wild Child, featuring a \"\"catchy guitar loop\"\", was prominently featured in The Wiseguy's 1999 song \"\"Start the Commotion\"\". The Wiseguy's recording was subsequently used in a Mitsubishi television commercial, and in a promo for the Ally McBeal show, and this exposure ushered in a new chapter into the Ventures career. Having been alerted to the use of their recording, The Ventures confirmed with EMI that they owned rights to their composition, and subsequently received two-thirds of the writing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2782469", "chunk_text": "\"You Got It (The Right Stuff)\"\nits second release) in November 1989. On March 29, 1989 the single was certified Gold. \"\"You've Got It (The Right Stuff)\"\" is commonly regarded as one of the band's signature songs. In the music video, Jordan Knight is seen wearing a Bauhaus T-shirt. The song ranked as number 92 on VH1's 100 greatest songs of the 80's. The song can be heard in the 1989 film \"\"The Wizard\"\". In 1992, \"\"Weird Al\"\" Yankovic parodied the song on his \"\"Off the Deep End\"\" album as \"\"The White Stuff,\"\" a loving ode to the white filling in Oreo cookies. It was also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11731", "chunk_text": "\"1 Thing\"\n1 Thing \"\"1 Thing\"\" is a song written by American R&B singer and songwriter Amerie and Rich Harrison for Amerie's second studio album, \"\"Touch\"\" (2005). The song is influenced by go-go rhythms and features a prominent sample of The Meters' 1970 funk recording of \"\"Oh, Calcutta!\"\", written by Stanley Walden. Its lyrics focus on an unidentified \"\"thing\"\" that fuels a romantic attraction. The song was released as \"\"Touch\"\"<nowiki>'s</nowiki> lead single in 2005, and is the only single from the soundtrack to the 2005 romantic comedy film \"\"Hitch\"\". \"\"1 Thing\"\" received acclaim from critics, and peaked at number eight on the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7026023", "chunk_text": "\"Something Happens\"\nSomething Happens Something Happens are an Irish pop-rock band whose heyday was the late 1980s and early 1990s. The band's lineup consists of Tom Dunne (Vocals), Ray Harman (Guitar), Alan Byrne (Bass) and Eamonn Ryan (Drums). An earlier incarnation of the band was called 'The Dazzmen' and was fronted by singer Martin Lynch who left the band and became the frontman for another early 1980s Dublin band 'The Cracker Factory'. After Lynch's departure the band recruited vocalist Tom Dunne and became 'Something Happens'. They shot to prominence with the single \"\"Burn Clear\"\" which was featured on the soundtrack of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15220916", "chunk_text": "\"Look What You Made Me Do\"\nLook What You Made Me Do \"\"Look What You Made Me Do\"\" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, released on August 24, 2017 by Big Machine Records as the lead single from her sixth studio album \"\"Reputation\"\" (2017). Swift wrote the song with her producer Jack Antonoff. \"\"Look What You Made Me Do\"\" is an electroclash and pop song, with lyrics about various issues that built Swift's reputation. Right Said Fred band members Fred Fairbrass, Richard Fairbrass, and Rob Manzoli are also credited as songwriters, as it interpolates the melody of their song \"\"I'm Too Sexy\"\" (1991).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12097804", "chunk_text": "\"The Pretty Things Are Going to Hell\"\nThe Pretty Things Are Going to Hell \"\"The Pretty Things Are Going to Hell\"\" is a song written by David Bowie and Reeves Gabrels for the album \"\"Hours\"\" in 1999. The first single release from the album in Australia and Japan, while the rest of the world got \"\"Thursday's Child\"\" as their first single. The first appearance of the song was on the soundtrack of the film \"\"Stigmata\"\" in 1999. It charted and peaked at No. 30 in Japan. The song's title takes influence from the song \"\"Your Pretty Face Is Going to Hell\"\" by The Stooges from their album", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10080092", "chunk_text": "\"The Very Things\"\nJohnson, John Graham, Robert Holland, and Paul Green. Debut single \"\"The Gong Man\"\" was released on Crass's label in November 1983, with \"\"The Bushes Scream While My Daddy Prunes\"\" following in June 1984, now signed to Reflex Records. A short film was made based on the latter for Channel 4's \"\"The Tube\"\". The band's debut album was released in August 1984, after which the band was trimmed to the core trio. Several singles and EPs followed over the next few years, although a cover of R. Dean Taylor's \"\"There's a Ghost In My House\"\" was withdrawn in 1987 due to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5172731", "chunk_text": "\"Moby (album)\"\nMoby (album) Moby (titled The Story So Far in the UK) is the debut studio album by American electronica musician Moby, released in July 1992 by record label Instinct. The song \"\"Go\"\" samples \"\"Laura Palmer's Theme\"\" from \"\"Twin Peaks\"\", as well as the titular vocal from the song \"\"Go!\"\" by Tones on Tail. The album's song \"\"Thousand\"\" was listed in \"\"Guinness World Records\"\" for having the fastest beats-per-minute (BPM) tempo, clocking in at over 1,000 BPM, hence its name. \"\"Moby\"\" was released by the New York-based independent label Instinct Records on July 27, 1992. In an interview with \"\"Billboard\"\" at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3345	how much does a new gulfstream g650 cost?	n/a	[ "US$66.61 million", "$66.5 million" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3775989", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G650\"\nextended-range version of the G650. The 300th was delivered in April 2018, just over five years since introduction in December 2012. The Gulfstream G650 was formally launched as an internal company project in May 2005, and publicly unveiled on March 13, 2008. At the public announcement occasion, company executives stated the new model would become Gulfstream's largest, fastest and most expensive business jet on entry to the market. The wing design was completed in 2006. A total of 1,400 hours of wind tunnel testing was completed by 2008. A pressure-test fuselage was built and tested, including an ultimate-pressure test of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3775991", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G650\"\nto the speeds carried out for the single engine take off run. The G650 test aircraft were grounded until May 28, 2011, when the remaining test aircraft were allowed to return to flight testing. On September 7, 2012, the G650 received its type certificate from the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Its first delivery was to an American customer named Preston Henn on December 27, 2012. The G650 had a nominal list price of $64.5 million in 2013, but there was a three-year waiting list. Some aircraft produced for delivery in 2013 sold for more than $70 million to buyers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17071775", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G650\"\nthat wanted to take immediate delivery. After rising to $71-73 million in 2014, initial enthusiasm dissipated and its value stabilized at $50 million when the Global 7500 was certificated in 2018. On May 18, 2014, Gulfstream announced at the annual European Business Aviation Association exhibition, that it had developed an extended range version called the \"\"G650ER\"\". The G650ER is capable of flying at Mach 0.85, due to its increase in fuel capacity. Gulfstream stated that a G650ER development aircraft had flown non-stop from Hong Kong to Teterboro, New Jersey, U.S. in March, a distance of ; it had also flown", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7155206", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G550\"\nbeen delivered in May 2015. As it is replaced by the $54.5 million Gulfstream G600 with a lower 6200 nmi range but with a better cabin and cockpit, faster long range cruise and lower fuel burn, it could leave production in 2019. Deliveries went from 50 aircraft in 2011 to 19 in 2016 and with 40 units for sale in a fleet of 540, its valuation are falling : a 10-year-old G550 valued $28 million a year before is worth $18-$20 million in January 2017, while a two-year-old went from $40 to $35 million. In May 2017, early 2003 G550s", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7155207", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G550\"\nare valued $14 million against more than $45 million new, flying an average of 425 h per year. In December 2018, a 2012-2013 G550 is valued $28-31 million, and it costs $7,135 per hour for 400 hours a year. Compared to the Gulfstream V, drag reduction details boost range by and increase fuel efficiency. MTOW is increased by 500 lb and takeoff performance is enhanced. A seventh pair of windows is added and the entry door is moved 2 ft. forward to increase usable cabin length. The PlaneView flight deck features cursor control devices, Honeywell Primus Epic avionics, standard head-up", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17071777", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G650\"\nemerging requirements call for an aircraft with a 10-13 man crew and a belly-mounted radar long. However, during the fiscal 2019 budget rollout briefing it was announced that the Air Force will not move forward with an E-8C replacement aircraft. Funding for the JSTARS recapitalization program will instead be diverted to pay for development of an advanced battle management system. In September 2018, Gulfstream was conducting testing at London City Airport to certify the aircraft to perform steep approaches. The G650 has a cruise speed of Mach 0.85 to 0.90, with maximum speed of Mach 0.925 and a range of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017936", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G500/G600\"\nGulfstream G500/G600 The Gulfstream G500 and G600 (GVII) are twin-engine business jets designed and manufactured by Gulfstream Aerospace. The G500 will replace the G450, flying nearly faster and 18% farther with the same fuel burn. The larger G600 will succeed the G550. Both aircraft were unveiled by Gulfstream Aerospace on October 14, 2014. During the second quarter of 2017, 80% of Gulfstream orders were for the G500/G600. The G500 was taxiing under its own power at its unveiling on October 14, 2014. It first flew on May 18, 2015. It was initially planned to be certified in 2017. In May", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3775988", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G650\"\nGulfstream G650 The Gulfstream G650 is a twin-engine business jet airplane produced by Gulfstream Aerospace. The model is designated \"\"Gulfstream GVI\"\" in its type certificate, and may be configured to carry from 11 to 18 passengers. Gulfstream began the G650 program in 2005 and revealed it to the public in 2008. The G650 is the company's largest and fastest business jet with a top speed of Mach 0.925. The aircraft project was named the 2014 winner of the Collier Trophy, for having \"\"strengthened business aviation through significant technological advancements in aircraft performance, cabin comfort, and safety.\"\" The G650ER is an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1278161", "chunk_text": "\"Bombardier Global Express\"\n1,486 lb (674 kg) fuel tank at the wing root. Bombardier claims it takes 15 minutes less to fuel the Global 6000 than the original model thanks to improved computer systems and mechanical refinements. The Global 6000 entered service in early 2012. Bombardier's Vision flight deck is equipped with Rockwell Collins Pro Line Fusion avionics from the Express/XRS Honeywell Primus 2000. It has improved acoustical insulation compared to its predecessor. By 2018, competition from the Gulfstream G650ER pressured it to a $40 million value from $62 million in 2016. On 27 May 2018, Bombardier unveiled the Global 5500 and 6500", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7155205", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G550\"\nGulfstream G550 The Gulfstream G550 is a business jet aircraft produced by General Dynamics' Gulfstream Aerospace unit in Savannah, Georgia, US. The certification designation is GV-SP. There were 450 Gulfstream G550s in active service as of January 2016. A version with reduced fuel capacity was marketed as the G500. The G550 (GV-SP) with improved engines received its FAA type certificate on August 14, 2003. In 2014, Gulfstream looked at a re-engine with the Rolls-Royce Pearl BR700 development announced in May 2018 for the Global Express 5500/6500 developments but preferred the BR725-powered, 7,500 nm G650. The 500th Gulfstream G550 aircraft has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017940", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G500/G600\"\ntest approaches, and testing to lower visibilities could allow dropping the limit. The first G500 was delivered on September 27, 2018. On October 1, Gulfstream announced the acquisition of the nacelle manufacturing line from Nordam. The longer G600 had its first flight at Savannah-Hilton Head International Airport on December 17, 2016. Four flight-test aircraft and a production G600 will be used for the test program for a scheduled 2018 introduction: In August 2017, the fifth was being outfitted for its third quarter first flight. Through August 20, the four G600s have logged 780 h in 175 flights, the longest lasting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17071786", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G650\"\nof legal counsel during the investigation. Gulfstream G650 The Gulfstream G650 is a twin-engine business jet airplane produced by Gulfstream Aerospace. The model is designated \"\"Gulfstream GVI\"\" in its type certificate, and may be configured to carry from 11 to 18 passengers. Gulfstream began the G650 program in 2005 and revealed it to the public in 2008. The G650 is the company's largest and fastest business jet with a top speed of Mach 0.925. The aircraft project was named the 2014 winner of the Collier Trophy, for having \"\"strengthened business aviation through significant technological advancements in aircraft performance, cabin comfort,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4519897", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream Aerospace\"\nquiet supersonic business jet, first drawings of which appeared in December 2012. Gulfstream employs more than 11,500 people at 12 major locations: Savannah, Ga.; Appleton, Wis.; Brunswick, Ga.; Dallas; Las Vegas, Nev.; Lincoln, Calif.; London, England; Long Beach, Calif.; Mexicali, Mexico; Westfield, Mass.; Sorocaba, Brazil; and West Palm Beach, Fla. The Gulfstream G500/G600 were unveiled on October 14, 2014, with the G500 taxiing under its own power. It first flew on May 18, 2015. The longer G600 followed on December 17, 2016, intended for delivery in 2018. The company expects the 2017 deliveries to be the same as 2016 at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4151438", "chunk_text": "\"Bombardier Global Express\"\nthird hour. In 2018, Early models with Honeywell avionics are sold for $10-20 million, while post-2012 aircraft with the modern Cockpit can fetch $22-36 million. Major inspection every 180 months cost $800,000-1.2 million and two 8,000h engine overhauls can run $4 million. The cheaper and more efficient Gulfstream G450 or Falcon 900LX are slower, have less range and smaller cabins. The Global Express XRS was announced on 6 October 2003 during the NBAA Convention at Orlando, Florida. The Global 6000 offers higher cruise speed, increased range, improved cabin layout and lighting. The range increase is achieved by addition of a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3775998", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G650\"\nhigh, allowing the craft to be configured to carry between 11 and 18 passengers. The fuselage is of metal construction; composite materials are used for empennage, winglets, rear pressure bulkhead, engine cowlings, cabin floor structure and many fairings. The elliptical cabin windows, eight on each side of the fuselage, are wide. Panels are bonded rather than riveted, reducing parts count compared to the G550. The wing uses greater sweep (36 degrees) than previous Gulfstream aircraft (for example, the G550 wing has 27 degrees of sweep). It does not use leading-edge high-lift devices, and tracks for rear-mounted flaps are completely enclosed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017942", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G500/G600\"\nhappen in 2018 like for the G500. The five flight-test G600s accumulated 1,950 hours in 510 flights, were completing mechanical systems certification testing in May 2018 before airfield-performance testing in summer. By August, 600 flights over 2,290 hours were completed after trials for ice shapes and stall speed testing and before field-performance testing, towards U.S. approval by year-end and deliveries in 2019. By October, the test aircraft had accumulated 685 flights in over 2,600 hours. Both models have a four circular arcs cross-section fuselage, similar to the Gulfstream G650, with a reduction in width and height. Similar in dimension to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7155208", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G550\"\nguidance system by Rockwell Collins and enhanced vision system by Elbit, improving situational awareness in reduced visibility conditions. Initial long-range cruise altitude is FL 400-410, first hour fuel burn is 4,500-5,000 lb decreasing to 3,000 lb for the second hour and 2,400 lb for the last hour. Flight hourly budget is $700-950 for engine reserves, $250 for parts and 2.5 maintenance hours. It competes against the Bombardier Global 6000, which has higher direct operating costs and less range but a more spacious cross section, and the Dassault Falcon 7X with fly-by-wire flight controls, better fuel efficiency and a wider but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17071776", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G650\"\nnon-stop from Los Angeles to Melbourne in Australia. The extra fuel is housed in existing space inside the G650's wings and aircraft already built may be quickly upgraded to the ER version. The G650ER received its certification in October 2014 and began deliveries in late 2014 ahead of its 2015 target. The G650ER attempted two world records from New York to Beijing to Savannah in February 2015. Also in May 2014, Gulfstream confirmed that the G650 would be offered to the United States Air Force for its program to replace the E-8C JSTARS air-to-ground surveillance and targeting aircraft. The still", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19813893", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G500/G600\"\n13 h 5 min, it completed testing for initial flight envelope expansion and flying qualities, flutter, brakes, low speed or stall, loads calibration, parameter identification and climb performance, the fifth test aircraft will fly later in the quarter. For the October 2017 NBAA show, five G600 were flying as it was to be introduced in early 2019. Range for the G600 was extended by 300 nmi/556 km for both Mach 0.85 to 6,500 nm/12,038 km and Mach 0.90 to 5,100 nm/9,445 km. In October 2018, Mach 0.9 range was increased again to . Certification and introduction for the G600 should", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017939", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G500/G600\"\nin summer 2018 after 240 were done at the end of May 2018 covering 100,300 nmi in 69 flights, along known icing flight and high-elevation certification tests: the five flight-test G500s made 1,355 flights in 4,955 hours. On July 20, 2018, Gulfstream announced it received both its type certification and production certificate from the FAA, before first delivery in the fourth quarter. As nacelle supplier Nordam filed for bankruptcy on 23 July, initial deliveries will be slowed. Certification allowed the EFVS to provide the only visual cues for landing down to runway visual range, to touchdown and rollout, after 50", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3775990", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G650\"\n18.37 psi. The G650 taxied under its own power for the first time on September 26, 2009. A public rollout ceremony was later held on September 29, 2009. The G650 had its maiden flight on November 25, 2009. Flight testing for the maximum operating speed of Mach 0.925 was announced as completed on May 4, 2010. Gulfstream reported on August 26, 2010 that the G650 hit a maximum speed of Mach 0.995 during a dive as part of its 1,800-hour flight test program. In April 2011, a G650 crashed shortly after lift off. The cause was determined to be related", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5213777", "chunk_text": "\"Aircraft pilot\"\nyear for 10 to 15 flight hours a month, returned to American Airlines with full seniority. A Gulfstream G650 or Global 6000 pilot might earn between $245,000 and $265,000, and recruiting one may require up to $300,000. At the other end of the spectrum, constrained by the available pilots, some small carriers hire new pilots who need 300 hours to jump to airlines in a year. They may also recruit non-career pilots who have other jobs or airline retirees who want to continue to fly. The number of airline pilots could decrease as automation replaces copilots and eventually pilots as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3775997", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G650\"\nup to . It can be equipped with a full kitchen and bar and may be equipped with a variety of entertainment features including satellite telephones and wireless Internet. The jet uses two Rolls-Royce BR725 engines, each producing a maximum thrust of . Gulfstream states that with a weight of less than , it is able to land at small airports avoiding the busy airports around the world. To provide better usage of the internal volume, Gulfstream designers rejected the usual circular fuselage cross-section in favor of an oval which uses a flatter lower portion. The cabin is wide and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2952378", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream Aerospace\"\nMarch 13, 2008, Gulfstream announced the introduction of a new business jet: the Gulfstream G650. The G650 offers the longest range, fastest speed, largest cabin and most advanced cockpit in the Gulfstream fleet. It is capable of traveling at Mach .85 or will cover shorter distances at a speed of Mach 0.925, making it the fastest civilian aircraft flying. It can climb to , allowing it to avoid airline-traffic congestion and adverse weather. On October 5 of the same year, Gulfstream announced another addition to its business-jet fleet: the large-cabin, mid-range Gulfstream G250 (later renamed the Gulfstream G280). It is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19813897", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G500/G600\"\nTurbofan core without the gear reduction. The departure from Rolls-Royce Aero Engines is a first for Gulfstream. For the G500 in cruise, at FL400, ISA -5°C, total fuel flow is /h at M0.90/ TAS, /h at M0.85/ TAS. At FL450, Mach 0.90/ TAS and ISA -8°C, it burns /h. Electric and hydraulic systems are from the G650, as the digital air data computers, secondary power distribution with electronics, cabin acoustical treatment, primary avionics, satcom, improved cabin management system and digital fly-by-wire system. The oxygen, cabin pressurization, landing gear control, aircraft health and trend monitoring systems are adapted from the G650.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3775999", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G650\"\nwithin the airfoil contour. The wing's leading edge is a continuously-changing curve, and the airfoil varies continuously from root to tip, which incorporates winglets. The aircraft controls are completely fly-by-wire, with no mechanical control between pilot and flight surfaces. The surfaces are moved by dual hydraulic systems. The G650 shares its yokes and column with the G550 in an effort to receive a common type rating. While most newer airliners now employ fly-by-wire technology, the G650 was only the second fly-by-wire business jet, after the Dassault Falcon 7X and before the Embraer Legacy 500. At FL 470 and ISA-7°C, it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5257997", "chunk_text": "\"Business jet\"\nwith the speed and comfort of a wide-body, high-altitude aircraft. Aircraft of this class include: They typically accommodate 10-11 passengers over a (3063+3125+3370+3600+3250)/5round0 nmi average range, with a $(17.9+20+23.4+24.5+26.7)/5round1M mean price: They typically accommodate 13-14 passengers over a (3430+3540+3919+4020+4075+4328+4695)/7round0 nmi average range, with a $(26+28.4+31.6+32.4+33.7+41+43.3)/7round1M mean price. At , the G650ER has the widest cabin yet but should be joined by the Falcon 5X (a Global 5000/G500 competitor) and its replacement, and the Citation Hemisphere in 2021; at , the Global 7000/8000 is wider than the Global 5000/6000, the same as the Gulfstream G500/G600 and the Canadair Challenger, while the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017937", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G500/G600\"\n2017, the test fleet of four G500 prototypes and the first production aircraft, made over 745 flights in two years for 2,900 flight hours, on track for the certification by the end of the year. In August 2017, the FAA issued the G500 a type inspection authorisation to allow in flight evaluation. The five G500 test aircraft have logged more than 3,100h over 820 sorties and completed cabin systems, brakes, lighting, fly-over noise and fuel systems tests. The fifth G500, with a complete interior, will be the first to enter service, as a demonstrator, before customer deliveries in early 2018.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2959337", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream IV\"\nGulfstream IV The Gulfstream IV (or G-IV or GIV) and derivatives are a family of twinjet aircraft, mainly for private or business use. They were designed and built by Gulfstream Aerospace, a General Dynamics company based in Savannah, Georgia, United States, from 1985 until 2018. Aircraft power is provided by two Rolls-Royce RB.183 Tay turbofans. Upon delivery of the last G450, over 900 GIV/GIV-SP/G450 units had been produced. The last G450 was delivered on 19 January 2018 after 365 deliveries over 12 years, ending a 30-year production run, to be replaced by the G500. Gulfstream, in collaboration with Grumman, began", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2952379", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream Aerospace\"\ncapable of traveling at 0.80 Mach and has a maximum operating speed of 0.85 Mach. It can reach its initial cruise altitude in 20 minutes and can climb to a maximum altitude of . In 2009, the company conducted two powered rollouts one week apart. The Gulfstream G650 officially rolled out of the Savannah manufacturing facility under its own power on September 29, 2009. The G280 followed just one week later. Both the G650 and the G280 flew before the end of 2009. The G650 took its first flight on November 25, while the G280 went up for the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2959348", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream IV\"\n$15 million to $32 million. The aircraft is operated by private individuals, companies and executive charter operators, and in fractional ownership programs. Gulfstream IV The Gulfstream IV (or G-IV or GIV) and derivatives are a family of twinjet aircraft, mainly for private or business use. They were designed and built by Gulfstream Aerospace, a General Dynamics company based in Savannah, Georgia, United States, from 1985 until 2018. Aircraft power is provided by two Rolls-Royce RB.183 Tay turbofans. Upon delivery of the last G450, over 900 GIV/GIV-SP/G450 units had been produced. The last G450 was delivered on 19 January 2018 after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017938", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G500/G600\"\nThrough August 20, the G500s have flown 3,460 h over 905 flights, reaching Mach 0.995 and FL530. For the October 2017 NBAA show, the five G500s were completing their campaign with 995 flights and 3,690h - 10h 19min for the longest - the first delivery schedule was maintained as certification was pushed until early 2018. Mach 0.85 range for the G500 was extended by 200 nmi to 5,200 nm/9,630 km and by 600 nm/1,111 km to 4,400 nm/8,149 km at Mach 0.90. The 300 flights hours of function and reliability testing required for FAA type certification was to be completed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7155209", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G550\"\nshorter cabin. The aircraft is operated by private individuals, companies and executive charter operators. A number of companies also use the aircraft as part of fractional ownership programs. Gulfstream G550 The Gulfstream G550 is a business jet aircraft produced by General Dynamics' Gulfstream Aerospace unit in Savannah, Georgia, US. The certification designation is GV-SP. There were 450 Gulfstream G550s in active service as of January 2016. A version with reduced fuel capacity was marketed as the G500. The G550 (GV-SP) with improved engines received its FAA type certificate on August 14, 2003. In 2014, Gulfstream looked at a re-engine with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2959341", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream IV\"\nsame comfort and design that characterize the G series. Maximum cruise height and speed are 45,000 ft and Mach 0.77. Earlier models were fitted with Honeywell's SPZ 8000 Avionics package. The SPZ 8400 Avionics Package was an option, becoming standard on later models. Its second-hand price was below $15 million in 2009. In 2001, Gulfstream began work on an improved version of the GIV-SP, originally designated \"\"GIV-X\"\". It was later renamed \"\"G450\"\". The G450 is lengthened 1 ft (0.305 m) over the G400 and shares the forward fuselage and larger cockpit of the G550. Production of the G450 began in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19813895", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G500/G600\"\nthe Dassault Falcon, the G500/600 have more headroom, more cabin width and more floor width than Gulfstream's G450 and G550. The fuselage has an external height of , and width of . The production G500 will have 14 windows, two more than the prototype models. The wing is a supercritical design with a 0.87 to 0.88 drag divergence Mach number depending upon lift coefficient. It is based on the G650's wing design with the same 36° sweep. The G600's wingspan will be wider than the G500, allowing for of additional fuel. Both models have a new tail design based on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4519896", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream Aerospace\"\ninvestigation, which were denied by the company. In November 2011, the Gulfstream G650 received its provisional type certificate (PTC) from the FAA. This cleared the way for the company to begin interior completions of the ultra-large-cabin, ultra-long-range business jet in preparation for customer deliveries in the second quarter of 2012, as originally planned. In January 2011, General Dynamics Aviation Services was rebranded as Gulfstream to simplify its brand identity. Gulfstream now owns and operates nine service centers worldwide, plus one component repair facility. As of late 2012 there were indications that Gulfstream was close to announcing the design of a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017944", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G500/G600\"\nthe aerodynamic shape and systems of the G650's tail. The airframe is primarily composed of high-strength aluminum alloys with limited use of steel and titanium alloys. The horizontal stabilizer, fairings, main landing gear doors, rudder and elevators, radome, rear pressure bulkhead and winglets are composite materials. The semi-monocoque fuselage structure is made of stressed skin, frame and longeron. The G500/G600 will be powered by the Pratt & Whitney Canada PW800 series turbofan engines (PW814 for G500 and PW815 for G600) which was originally conceived for the Cessna Citation Columbus program. The PW800 is based on the Pratt & Whitney Geared", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3776000", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G650\"\ncruises at Mach 0.85 or TAS and burns per hour at a weight of , raising to per h at Mach 0.90 or TAS. On April 2, 2011, the second G650 test aircraft crashed during takeoff from the Roswell International Air Center, New Mexico, killing the four Gulfstream employees on board (two pilots and two test engineers). The aircraft was conducting a takeoff-performance test during which an engine failure was simulated by reducing the right engine's thrust to idle. The G650 became airborne briefly at a high angle of attack before its right wingtip hit the runway, then slid on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5538761", "chunk_text": "\"Boeing Business Jet\"\ncommercial airframe. It has also launched the larger A320 and the smaller A318 Elite. Other competitors at the smaller end of the market include the Embraer Lineage, the Bombardier Global Express, the Gulfstream G550 and the Gulfstream G650. A BBJ costs per nautical mile to operate, whereas the faster G650ER costs $5.87 to 6.33. State VIP users Boeing Business Jet The Boeing Business Jet series are variants of Boeing jet airliners for the corporate jet market. The Boeing Business Jet is a 50/50 partnership between Boeing Commercial Airplanes and GE Aviation. The BBJ designation denotes the business jets based upon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20832994", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G280\"\nbusiness jet to climb directly to . Design cruise for the new airfoil is Mach 0.80, vs. Mach 0.75 for the G200 wing. Flying at an alttude of and Mach 0.82 (), each engine burns of fuel per hour. Gulfstream G280 The Gulfstream G280 is a twin-engine business jet built under license by IAI in Israel for Gulfstream Aerospace. It began delivery to users in 2012. In 2005, Gulfstream and IAI began designing a follow-on aircraft to the Gulfstream G200. The new model, named \"\"G250\"\", was launched in 2008. Planned improvements included new glass cockpit and engines, larger wing, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7157769", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream Aerospace\"\nproducts, using Arabic numerals instead of Roman numerals to differentiate its aircraft. At the time, the company's lineup included the ultra long-range Gulfstream G550 and G500, the long-range Gulfstream G400, the mid-range Gulfstream G300 and G200, and the high-speed G100. 2002 was also the year that Gulfstream introduced its Airborne Product Support aircraft, a specially equipped G100. It is used to deliver parts and provide any-time service to Gulfstream customers in North America and the Caribbean who are operating aircraft under warranty. In 2003, Gulfstream acquired a service center at the London-Luton Airport, the first Gulfstream-owned service center to be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16189695", "chunk_text": "\"Grumman Gulfstream II\"\nis listed explicitly in Federal Register 78 FR 39576. Any Gulfstream II's that have not been modified by installing Stage 3 noise compliant engines or have not had \"\"hushkits\"\" installed for non-compliant engines will not be permitted to fly in the contiguous 48 states after December 31, 2015. \"\"14 CFR §91.883 Special flight authorizations for jet airplanes weighing 75,000 pounds or less\"\" – lists special flight authorizations that may be granted for operation after December 31, 2015. Gulfstream IIs have been popular as special mission aircraft, particularly when used aircraft became available for less than $1 million. A modified version", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "960393", "chunk_text": "\"Kenn Ricci\"\nhad acquired from Bombardier as part of the Flexjet transaction. Skyjet would concentrate solely on charter services, with other divisiona continuing to offer fractional and membership programs. In November 2015, Flexjet announced that it had placed an order valued at $2.4 billion for 20 Aerion AS2 supersonic jets, with delivery to begin in 2023. In June 2017, Flexjet announced based on strong sales it was hiring pilots for the first time since 2015. In 2017, Flexjet received the first of its Gulfstream G650 business jets, which can travel 15 hours non-stop, giving it intercontinental range. In June 2012 Directional acquired", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2959347", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream IV\"\ninches longer and the main entry door relocated aft. The Rolls-Royce Tay 611 engines are replaced by 611-8Cs with FADEC, redesigned thrust reversers, nacelles and pylons which increases range and payload, coupled with aerodynamic improvements. Many Gulfstream V-SP improvements are used: the Honeywell advanced flight deck display suite, electrical power generation, cabin temperature control and pressurization, nose and nose landing gear. It also has an improved APU and flap/stab actuation system, redesigned main landing gear wheels and brakes, flight control system hard-over protection system. By the end of the G450 production run, 365 aircraft were produced, with prices ranging from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4519884", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream Aerospace\"\nGulfstream Aerospace Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation is an American wholly owned subsidiary of General Dynamics. Gulfstream designs, develops, manufactures, markets, and services business jet aircraft. Gulfstream has produced more than 2,000 aircraft since 1958. Gulfstream's range consists of the G280, G350, G450, G500, G550, G600, and G650, G650ER. The company that evolved into Gulfstream Aerospace Corp. started in the late 1950s when Grumman Aircraft Engineering Co., known for military aircraft production, developed a twin turboprop business aircraft at its facilities in Bethpage, New York, called the Grumman Gulfstream I (G-I). The G-I could seat 12 passengers, had a maximum speed of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1278162", "chunk_text": "\"Bombardier Global Express\"\ndevelopments expected to enter service at the end of 2019 with an optimized wing for a Mach 0.90 top speed, a revamped cabin inspired from the Global 7500 with its \"\"Nuage\"\" seat and updated Rolls-Royce BR710 Pearl engines with up to 13% lower fuel burn for better operating costs, better hot and high performance and of additional range for , respectively. The engines have 9% more thrust, their certification was announced and are already test flying. The Global 5500 lists for $46 million while the Global 6500 lists for $56 million. By October, 70% of the flight testing hours were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17830895", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream V\"\nGulfstream V The Gulfstream V (Model GV, pronounced Gee-5) is a long-range, large business jet aircraft produced by Gulfstream Aerospace, derived from the previous Gulfstream IV. It flies up to Mach 0.885, up to and has a range. It typically accommodates four crew and 14 passengers. It first flew on November 28, 1995, and entered service in June 1997. It is used by the US military under the designation C-37A. It is followed by an improved version, the Gulfstream 550 (Model GV-SP). The Gulfstream V (Model GV) was certified on April 11, 1997. Compared to the Gulfstream IV, the engines", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17071785", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G650\"\nthe ground, struck a concrete berm, and caught fire. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) determined the probable cause of the crash was an aerodynamic stall of the aircraft due to a failure to properly develop and validate takeoff speeds, persistent and increasingly aggressive attempts to achieve a V2 speed that was too low. It found that Gulfstream's investigation of the two previous uncommanded roll events was inadequate. Following the crash, Gulfstream raised the V2 speed of the G650 from to . The NTSB accused Gulfstream of withholding information, which the company denied. The NTSB also objected to Gulfstream's use", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6543180", "chunk_text": "\"Gulfstream G100\"\n20, 1985, with FAA certification granted on August 29, 1985 and customer deliveries starting in 1986. The original 1125 Astra was replaced by the Astra SP, announced in 1989; 37 were built. The third variant, the \"\"Astra SPX\"\", flew for the first time in August 1994. This variant was renamed G100 from September 2002 following Gulfstream's acquisition of Galaxy Aerospace, which held the Astra type certificate, in May 2001. In September 2002, Gulfstream announced the improved G150, based on the G100. This last variant features a wider and longer fuselage, updated avionics and an increase in maximum takeoff weight (MTOW)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1278156", "chunk_text": "\"Bombardier Global Express\"\nclass the Global Express competes with the Airbus Corporate Jet, Boeing Business Jet and Gulfstream G550/650. Mostly missions are 3.5 to 4.5 h long for 1,500 to 2,000 nmi, but can extend to 10 hr at Mach 0.85 (488 knots at ISA) or 12 h at Mach 0.82-0.83 (476 knots ISA), 13 h at most with clear weather at the destination and multiple alternates nearby. It burns 5,000 lb. of fuel for the first hour, 4,000 lb the second, 3,000 lb the third and 2,500 lb during the final hour. A checks come at 750 h intervals and C checks", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3346	when was the last time clemson won the national championship?	n/a	[ "2016" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "239619", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers football\"\nto the Alabama Crimson Tide in the championship game on January 11, 2016. Clemson was selected to the third College Football Playoff as the second seed and defeated the third seed Ohio State on December 31, 2016 in the 2016 PlayStation Fiesta Bowl. The Tigers defeated the Alabama Crimson Tide in the national championship game on January 9, 2017. Since its beginnings in 1896, Clemson has completed six undefeated seasons. This includes three perfect seasons in which the Tigers were undefeated and untied. Clemson won the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association in 1900 and 1902 (tied 1903 and 1906) along with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "239538", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers football\"\nschool. The Tigers' most recent ACC championships came back-to-back-to-back-to-back in 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 the latter with a 12–0 regular season and a 42-10 win over the Pittsburg Panthers. Among its seven undefeated regular seasons, Clemson was crowned poll-era National Champions and finished with its third perfect season with a win over Nebraska in the 48th Orange Bowl, and was the National Championship Finalist Runner-up with a 14–1 record in 2015. The next year Clemson won the National Title over #1 Alabama in college football's first National Championship rematch in 2016. The Tigers have 41 bowl appearances, 18 of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14259240", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers football\"\nClemson Tigers football The Clemson Tigers, known traditionally as the \"\"Clemson University Tigers\"\", represent Clemson University in the sport of American football. The Tigers compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Atlantic Division of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). Formed in 1896, the program has over 700 wins and has achieved two consensus Division I Football National Championships in the modern era and were College Football Playoff National Championship Finalists in 2015 and 2016, winning the championship game over the Alabama Crimson Tide for the 2016 season. Clemson has had 6", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14259306", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers football\"\nhis career. Clemson won the ACC championship and secured its second trip to the CFP National Championship with a 31–0 shutout of semi-finalist #3 Ohio State in the 2016 Fiesta Bowl. The Tigers competed in the College Football Playoff National Championship game in Tampa, Florida on January 9, 2017, beating the previously undefeated Alabama Crimson Tide 35–31 on a game-winning touchdown with one second remaining, and winning the 2016 National Championship. The Clemson-South Carolina rivalry which dates back to 1896 is the largest annual sporting event in terms of ticket sales in the state of South Carolina. From 1896 to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16855853", "chunk_text": "\"Dabo Swinney\"\nDabo Swinney William Christopher \"\"Dabo\"\" Swinney (born November 20, 1969) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach at Clemson University. Swinney took over as head coach for the Clemson Tigers midway through the 2008 season, following the resignation of Tommy Bowden. Swinney led the 2016 Clemson Tigers football team to a victory in the 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship, capturing a national championship. Swinney has the 2nd most wins in Clemson history behind only Frank Howard. Swinney was raised in Pelham, Alabama, and attended the University of Alabama, where he joined the Crimson Tide", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14259323", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers football\"\nthe line. Alabama won the contest by a score of 24–6. Clemson finished their undefeated 1981 season with a 22–15 victory over the #4 Nebraska Cornhuskers in the 1982 Orange Bowl, and were named the national champions by all major selectors. † Other consensus selectors included Berryman, Billingsley, DeVold, FACT, FB News, Football Research, FW, Helms, Litkenhous, Matthews, National Championship Foundation, NFF, New York Times, Poling, Sagarin, and Sporting News Clemson was selected as the one seed in the second College Football Playoff and defeated the fourth seed Oklahoma on December 31, 2015 in the 2015 Orange Bowl. They lost", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4865528", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson University\"\nsports include baseball, basketball, cross country, football, golf, soccer, tennis and track & field; while women's sports include basketball, cross country, golf, rowing, soccer, diving, tennis, track & field and volleyball. The most-prominent athletics facilities on campus are Memorial Stadium, Littlejohn Coliseum, Doug Kingsmore Stadium, Historic Riggs Field, and Fike Recreation Center. Clemson has won five national championships including two in football (1981 and 2016), two in men's soccer (1984 and 1987), and men's golf (2003). Clemson University operates with the Clemson University Police Department and the Clemson University Fire & EMS, for public safety needs. Both departments are staffed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "239617", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers football\"\nhad national championship implications and have greatly intensified the rivalry. The teams squared off in the 2016 College Football Playoff National Championship in Glendale, Arizona, with Alabama emerging with a thrilling 45-40 victory. The next year, the teams again found themselves doing battle in the 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship in Tampa, Florida, with Clemson emerging with a thrilling 35-31 victory and their first win over the Crimson Tide since 1905. Once again the teams did battle in the 2018 Sugar Bowl in New Orleans, Louisiana with a trip to the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship game on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "239598", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers football\"\nnumber 1-ranked defense under defensive coordinator Brent Venables in 2014, and the emergence of freshman quarterback Deshaun Watson propelled the Tigers to another 10-win season for the 4th time in Dabo Swinney's six years as head coach. The 2015 season is regarded by sports writers as one of the most successful seasons in Clemson history. The Tigers possessed the nation's number 1 ranking throughout the second half of the regular season and ended with 14–1 overall record. Behind the leadership of Heisman Trophy finalist Deshaun Watson, the Tigers won the 2015 ACC Championship against number 10 North Carolina by a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "239599", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers football\"\nscore of 45–37. The Tigers were selected to participate in the 2016 College Football Playoff as the top-seeded team in the tournament. Clemson defeated the #4 ranked Oklahoma Sooners in the 2015 Orange Bowl by a score of 37–17 to advance to the 2016 College Football Playoff National Championship game against the number 2-ranked Alabama Crimson Tide on January 11, 2016. Clemson lost the 2016 College Football Playoff National Championship Game to Alabama, 45–40 ending the school's 17-game winning streak. Heisman finalist quarterback Deshaun Watson had a historic performance setting the record for most total yards in national championship game", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "239594", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers football\"\n#11-ranked Virginia Tech. On November 12, 2011, Clemson defeated Wake Forest, winning the ACC Atlantic Division title. On November 26, 2011, Clemson lost to South Carolina for the third straight year, the first time Clemson had lost three straight to its instate rival since the seasons from 1968 to 1970. On December 3, the Tigers won their first ACC Championship since 1991, defeating Virginia Tech 38–10 in the Championship Game. #15 Clemson would go on to lose to the #23 West Virginia Mountaineers in the 2012 Orange Bowl 70–33, giving up an all-time record number of points scored in a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "239620", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers football\"\nthe Southern Conference title in 1940 and 1948. Their 17 ACC titles (16 outright, 1 tied) is the most ACC football championships. North Carolina State and Clemson were then declared co-champions. In 2005, the Atlantic Coast Conference divided into two divisions of six teams each and began holding an ACC Championship Game at the conclusion of the regular football season to determine the ACC Football Champions. Clemson won its first outright ACC Atlantic Division championship in 2009 and again in 2011. In 2012, Clemson tied for a share of the Atlantic Division Championship and was named co-champion of the division.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11713517", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers\"\nhead coach, having replaced Jack Leggett after the conclusion of the 2015 season. <nowiki></nowiki> - recognized ACC championships. ACC tournament has decided conference champion since 1973 (except for 1979 due to academic conflicts) § - the ACC does not recognize Division Championships in baseball. Divisions serve the purpose of simplifying conference scheduling during the regular season. Winning percentages in regular season conference play are then used to determine seedings for the Conference Tournament. The men's soccer team was Clemson's second sports program to win a national championship, winning the NCAA Tournament in 1984 and again in 1987. In their 26", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15063119", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Clemson Tigers football team\"\nwith a win over Coastal Division champion #23 Virginia Tech in the 2016 ACC Championship game, the #2 Tigers advanced to the 2016 College Football Playoff semifinal and went on to defeat the #3 Ohio State Buckeyes 31-0, in the 2016 Fiesta Bowl on December 31, 2016. Both top ranked Clemson and Alabama met again in college football's first rematch in National Championship game history, the 2017 CFP National Championship game in Tampa, Florida. On January 9, 2017, the Clemson Tigers would go on to defeat the Alabama Crimson Tide in the rematch by a score of 35 to 31,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9480950", "chunk_text": "\"Dabo Swinney\"\nand forcing five turnovers. Ironically, defensive coordinator Brent Venables had held the same position with the Sooners until coming to Clemson in 2012. The Tigers finished 10–3 for the season and ranked 15th in both the AP and the Coaches Poll. Swinney's last three bowl wins have been over college programs that have all won national titles since 2000. Swinney completed his best season as Clemson's head coach in 2015, leading the Tigers to a 14-1 record with an ACC championship and an appearance in the national championship game. Clemson fell short to Alabama in the title game 45-40 after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17564091", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Clemson Tigers football team\"\nPlayoff, earning the number one seed. The Tigers fell to eventual national champion Alabama in the semifinal game played at the Sugar Bowl, 6–24. The Tigers entered the 2017 season as defending national champions, having finished the 2016 season 14–1 with a 35-31 win over Alabama in the CFP National Championship game. Head coach Dabo Swinney added one new addition to the Tigers' coaching staff in January 2017, Todd Bates who was the defensive line coach at Jacksonville State University was hired after losing Dan Brooks to retirement and Marion Hobby signing with the Jacksonville Jaguars. Mickey Conn was promoted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8080442", "chunk_text": "\"2015 Clemson Tigers football team\"\nnational title in 1981. Ranked No. 1 throughout the College Football Playoff (CFP) rankings, Clemson defeated the No. 4 Oklahoma Sooners, 37–17, in the 2015 Orange Bowl to advance to the College Football Playoff National Championship. On January 11, 2016, the No. 2 Alabama Crimson Tide (13–1) defeated the No. 1 Clemson Tigers (14–0) in the 2016 national championship, 45–40. Both Clemson and Alabama finished the season 14–1. Clemson announced their 2015 football schedule on January 29, 2015. The 2015 schedule consisted of seven home and five away games in the regular season. The Tigers hosted ACC foes Boston College,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15669831", "chunk_text": "\"2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season\"\n2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season The 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season was the highest level of college football competition in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The regular season began on August 26, 2016 and ended on December 10, 2016. The postseason concluded on January 9, 2017 with the 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship, where the Clemson Tigers defeated the Alabama Crimson Tide for their second national title in school history. The championship game was a rematch of the 2016 edition won by Alabama. The following rule changes were voted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10038674", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers\"\nClemson Tigers The Clemson Tigers are the athletic teams that represent Clemson University. They compete as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I level (Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) sub-level for football), primarily competing in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) for all sports since the 1953-54 season. Clemson competes for and has won multiple NCAA Division I national championships in various sports, including football, men's soccer, and men's golf. In 1896, football coach Walter Riggs came to Clemson, then Clemson Agricultural College of South Carolina, from Auburn University. He had always admired the Princeton Tigers, and hence", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9480953", "chunk_text": "\"Dabo Swinney\"\nyears in the history of the storied rivalry. Following Clemson's ACC title win over #19 Virginia Tech, the Tigers secured the #2 seed in the College Football Playoff. On Dec 31, Swinney and the Tigers defeated #3 Ohio State 31-0 in Ohio State head coach Urban Meyer's first career shut-out to set up a rematch of the 2015 National Championship against #1 Alabama. On January 9, 2017 Swinney led the Tigers to a 35–31 comeback win over Alabama in the National Championship.On January 9, 2017, Leggett was part of the Clemson team that defeated Alabama in the 2017 College Football", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3512953", "chunk_text": "\"2017 College Football Playoff National Championship\"\n2017 College Football Playoff National Championship The 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship was a bowl game that was used to determine a national champion of college football in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision for the 2016 season. The game was played at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida, on January 9, 2017. It was the culminating game of the 2016–17 bowl season. The game was played between the winners of two pre-designated bowl games played on December 31, 2016: the Clemson Tigers, who defeated the Ohio State Buckeyes in the Fiesta Bowl, and the Alabama Crimson Tide,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8073238", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson–Georgia Tech football rivalry\"\nSeptember 2009 and repeated the feat when they faced off again in the 2009 ACC Championship Game three months later. The rivals have seen large and similar amounts of high-level success, as Georgia Tech claims four national championships (1917, 1928, 1954, 1990) and Clemson two (1981 and 2016). Moreover, Georgia Tech has played in 44 bowl games (25–19) and Clemson, 42 (22–20), while Clemson and Georgia Tech have 729 and 728 all-time wins, respectively, as of the conclusion of the 2017 season. These two ACC members also coincidentally have more of a science, technology, engineering, and mathematics focus than their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10038682", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers\"\nappearances in the NCAA tournament, the men's soccer team garnered runner-up finishes in 1979 and 2015, and has appeared in the NCAA Final Four eight times, with the 2015 squad being the most recent team to accomplish that feat. In addition to their NCAA titles, the men's program has won 16 combined ACC regular season and tournament titles, with the last one coming in the 2014 ACC Tournament. The Tigers have known only four coaches in their history: Dr. I.M. Ibrahim (1967–1994, 388–100–31 career record), Trevor Adair(1995–2008, 50–48–10 record at Clemson), Phil Hindson (Interim coach in 2009, 6-12-1 record) and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5543454", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers men's soccer\"\naltogether in 2004. The 2005 squad, however, would make a strong run during the NCAA tournament, advancing to the Final Four for the first time since the 1987 squad's national title. The 2006 team would make the round of 16, falling to eventual runner-up UCLA. The 2008 squad, despite not making the tournament, was one of only two teams in the country to defeat both national champion Maryland and national runner-up North Carolina during the season. Trevor Adair resigned as head coach of the Tigers on June 16, 2009, two months after being placed on a leave of absence after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8445760", "chunk_text": "\"ACC Championship Game\"\nof fourteen years through 2018, including ten straight from 2009 to 2018, and four straight by Clemson from 2015 to 2018. The Coastal Division was represented by either Georgia Tech or Virginia Tech for the first eight games from 2005 to 2012, but since then six addition teams have won the division. , only Virginia has not represented the Coastal Division, while Louisville, North Carolina State, and Syracuse have not won the Atlantic Division. Clemson is the first team to win four consecutive ACC Championships. The Atlantic Division winners have gone on to win the ACC Championship Game for eight", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20722249", "chunk_text": "\"2016 College Football Playoff National Championship\"\n2016 College Football Playoff National Championship The 2016 College Football Playoff National Championship was a bowl game that determined a national champion of NCAA Division I FBS college football for the 2015 season. It was played at University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona on January 11, 2016, and was the culminating game of the 2015–16 bowl season. The game was played between the winners of two pre-designated semifinal bowls played on December 31, 2015: the No. 1 Clemson Tigers, who beat the No. 4 Oklahoma Sooners 37–17 at the Orange Bowl, coached by Dabo Swinney in his 8th season,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4081315", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers football\"\nresigned as head coach in October 2008. #3 Clemson pulled off a thriller in Tallahassee in 2016, 37–34, over the #12-ranked Seminoles. In 2018, #2 Clemson defeated Florida State in Tallahassee 59-10, which tied the Seminoles' worst loss margin in history. This marked a 2nd time the Tigers have beaten the Seminoles by more than 17-points; FSU has defeated Clemson by more than 17-points nine times. The most lopsided contest occurred in 1993, with the FSU squad winning 57-0. As of 2018, Florida State leads the overall series 20–12. Clemson's rivalry with Georgia Tech dates to 1898 with the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "239537", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers football\"\nundefeated seasons including 3 perfect seasons, 23 conference championships, 6 divisional titles since 2005, and has produced over 100 All-Americans, 17 Academic All-Americans, and over 200 NFL players. Clemson has had seven members inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame, including former players Banks McFadden, Terry Kinard, Jeff Davis, and former coaches John Heisman, Jess Neely, Frank Howard, and Danny Ford. With 24 total conference titles, Clemson is one of the founding members of the ACC, and holds 17 ACC titles, the most of any member, and holds the most combined conference football titles of any Atlantic Coast Conference", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9799200", "chunk_text": "\"2005 NCAA conference realignment\"\nwon twice, partly due to the concurrent rise of the Southeastern Conference as the NCAA's pre-eminent football power conference (an SEC member school won every national championship in D-I FBS football each season from 2006 to 2012). The ACC's two football national championship since 2005 have been Florida State's 2013 championship over Auburn and Clemson's 2016 championship over Alabama. The ACC's last national championship prior to the realignment was in 1999, when Florida State beat future ACC member (and then Big East member) Virginia Tech in the 2000 Sugar Bowl. The Big East's last national championship came in 2001, when", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10038684", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers\"\nTracey Leone (1994-1998 89-39-4 career record), Ray Leone (1999-2000 33-10-3 career record), Todd Bramble (2001-2007 80-51-17 career record), Hershey Strosberg (2008-2010 14-39-1 career record), and Eddie Radwanski (2011-Current). The Tiger golf team have a tradition of being among the best in the ACC and the nation, having won several ACC titles and regularly qualifying for the NCAA Tournament. In 2003, Clemson defeated Oklahoma State to win its first National Championship in golf and the 4th overall for the school. In addition to that victory, Clemson also won the ACC and NCAA East Regional titles that year, making the Tigers the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10038686", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers\"\nACC Championship decided by tournament until 2004; regular season finish has determined the ACC champion since 2005 season. <nowiki></nowiki> The Lady Tigers rowing team became the first team other than Virginia to win the ACC Championship since the ACC began sponsoring the women's rowing championship in 2000. <nowiki></nowiki>Clemson sponsored a women's diving team from 2013–2017. Wrestling Wrestling at Clemson University was discontinued in 1995, despite the success of the program, due to financial shortages from Tiger Athletics' funding from the university. The wrestling program began in 1975 winning the ACC title as a team under coach Eddie Griffin in 1991.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4823228", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers men's basketball\"\nClemson Tigers men's basketball The Clemson Tigers men's basketball team is a college basketball program that represents Clemson University and competes in the NCAA Division I. Clemson is a founding member of the Atlantic Coast Conference. Clemson sponsored its first men's basketball team in the 1911–12 season, winning its first conference championship in 1939, and in the Atlantic Coast Conference in 1990. The Tigers have reached the NCAA Tournament 12 times in the modern era (1980, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2018) since the tournament expansion in 1980, advancing to the NCAA Sweet 16 four", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10038676", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers\"\nMuseum of Natural History in Chicago. The telltale hook at the bottom of the paw is a sign that this is the official licensed trademark for the university. Clemson University sponsors teams in nine men's and nine and a half women's NCAA sanctioned sports. Women's diving completed its final season in 2017, and Clemson announced on March 14, 2017 that it would add college softball, targeting a 2020 start for the program. The Tiger football program has won 59.1% of its games through the 2010 season, placing it 34th on the all-time winning percentage list. Clemson also won two Southern", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17668896", "chunk_text": "\"Sports in South Carolina\"\nthat average over 8,000 fans per home game: College sports — particularly college football — are very big in South Carolina. The University of South Carolina's Gamecocks and Clemson University's Tigers regularly draw more than 80,000 spectators at the schools' home football games, placing them among the top twenty schools in average attendance. Their rivalry is called the Battle of the Palmetto State. Clemson's football team won the National Championship in 1981 and 2016. Both South Carolina's and Clemson's baseball teams are consistently ranked. The Gamecocks won the national title in 2010 and 2011. The South Carolina men's and women's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16015788", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers football\"\nwhich are among the New Year's Six Bowls, including 2 during the BCS \"\"big four\"\" era. Clemson has finished in the Final Top 25 rankings 31 times in the modern era, and finished in either the AP or Coaches Polls a combined 53 times since 1939. The Tigers play their home games in Memorial Stadium on the university's Clemson, South Carolina campus. The stadium is also known as \"\"Death Valley\"\" after a Presbyterian College head coach gave it the moniker in 1948 due to the many defeats his teams suffered there. Currently, it is the 16th largest stadium in college", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8445759", "chunk_text": "\"ACC Championship Game\"\nACC Championship Game The ACC Championship Game (officially the Dr Pepper ACC Football Championship Game) is an American college football game held on the first Saturday in December by the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) each year to determine its football champion. The game pits the champion of the Coastal Division against the champion of the Atlantic Division in a game that follows the conclusion of the regular season. The game's corporate sponsor is Dr Pepper. The current champions are the Clemson Tigers of the Atlantic Division. The Atlantic Division has been represented by either Clemson or Florida State in eleven", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11713513", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers\"\nConference titles before joining the ACC. The program has participated in 33 bowl games over the years, winning 16. The 1981 squad, led by Head Coach Danny Ford, became the first athletic team in school history to win a national championship. Clemson defeated Nebraska 22–15 in the Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida to win the 1981 NCAA Football National Championship. Stars of the game included Homer Jordan (QB) and Perry Tuttle (WR). Clemson finished the year 12–0 and ranked #1 in the Associated Press and Coaches polls. Some of the most notable coaching names in Clemson football history are John", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8533068", "chunk_text": "\"University of Alabama\"\nthird BCS National Championship in January 2013 defeating Notre Dame 42–14, becoming the first school to win three BCS Titles. On January 1, 2015 #1 Alabama lost to #4 Ohio St. in the second game of the first College Football Playoffs 42-35. On December 12, 2015, running back Derrick Henry was awarded the Heisman Trophy, becoming only the second winner for the University of Alabama. On January 11, 2016, Alabama defeated Clemson to win the National Championship, 45-40. In January 2017, Alabama lost to Clemson 35-31 in the National Championship. They beat SEC rival Georgia 26-23 in overtime during the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13507230", "chunk_text": "\"Jeff Scott (American football)\"\nteammate Brandon Streeter was hired to take over recruiting coordinator duties as well as to coach quarterbacks. Clemson's football team won the national championship in January, 2017, beating Alabama, with Scott and Elliott as offensive coordinators for the game. Scott graduated with a bachelor's degree in secondary education from Clemson University in 2003. He is married to the former Sara McDaniel. He is the son of Brad Scott, former South Carolina Gamecocks football head coach and longtime Clemson assistant coach. His younger brother, John, who Jeff often refers to as his \"\"hero\"\", is a surgery resident in Boston, Massachusetts and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2230220", "chunk_text": "\"Alabama–Clemson football rivalry\"\n2016 College Football Playoff National Championship in Glendale, Arizona, with Alabama emerging with a thrilling 45-40 victory. The next year, the teams again found themselves doing battle in the 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship in Tampa, Florida, with Clemson emerging with a thrilling 35-31 victory and their first win over the Crimson Tide since 1905. Once again the teams did battle in the 2018 Sugar Bowl in New Orleans, Louisiana with a trip to the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship game on the line. Alabama won the contest by a score of 24–6. In the build-up to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15063120", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Clemson Tigers football team\"\nwinning their first consensus National Football Championship since 1981. Clemson subsequently finished with #1 rankings in both the Associated Press Poll and the AFCA Coaches' Poll for the 2016 season. Clemson announced their schedule for the 2016 season on January 26, 2016. The Tigers' schedule consisted of 7 home games and 5 away games. Clemson hosted conference opponents Louisville, NC State, Syracuse, and Pitt and travel to Florida State, Boston College, Wake Forest, and Georgia Tech. The Tigers hosted out-of-conference opponents Troy, South Carolina State and South Carolina and travelled to out-of-conference opponent Auburn. Clemson's out-of-conference opponents represented the Sun", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14944954", "chunk_text": "\"2018 College Football Playoff National Championship\"\nadvanced to the national championship after winning the semifinal games hosted by the Sugar Bowl and Rose Bowl Game respectively in January 2018. The championship game was played at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia on January 8, 2018. The Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia was announced as the host site for the fourth College Football National Championship on November 4, 2015. The College Football Playoff (CFP) selection committee selected four teams to advance to the playoff: the Clemson Tigers, Oklahoma Sooners, Georgia Bulldogs, and Alabama Crimson Tide. The Alabama Crimson Tide defeated the Clemson Tigers in the 2018 Sugar Bowl", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9480942", "chunk_text": "\"Dabo Swinney\"\n19-15, entered the 2011 season widely considered to be a coach on the hot seat. Despite a disappointing 6–7 record, the 2010 team featured one of the nation's top defenses and the Bronko Nagurski and Ted Hendricks award winner, Da'Quan Bowers. In 2011, Swinney led the Tigers to a 10–3 record that included an ACC Championship, the Tigers' first since 1991. They earned a trip to the Orange Bowl, their first major-bowl appearance since the 1981 national championship season. During a pre-game ESPN interview prior to the 2012 Orange Bowl, Swinney said, \"\"Hopefully when this thing is over, people are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1313251", "chunk_text": "\"Bill Wilhelm\"\nin 1958 and 1959. In the next 13 season (1960–1972), however, Clemson made only one NCAA Tournament appearance, in 1967. With the start of the ACC Tournament era in 1973, Wilhelm began a stretch of 11 regular season conference championships in 13 seasons (through 1985), including seven consecutive from 1973–1979. This 13-season period included three College World Series appearances, in 1976, 1977, and 1980. From 1986–1993, the final eight seasons of Wilhelm's head coaching career, Clemson won three regular season conference championships (1988, 1991, 1992), three conference tournament championships (1989, 1991, and 1993), and one College World Series appearance (1991).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14801222", "chunk_text": "\"Jordan Leggett\"\nreceptions for 161 yards and one touchdown. As a junior in 2015, he was a finalist for the John Mackey Award. Leggett's Clemson teams won four bowl games, three BCS/New Years Six bowls, and played in two national championship games, winning one in 2017. Leggett won the Orange Bowl as a freshman against Ohio State, the Russell Athletic Bowl as a sophomore against Oklahoma, the Orange Bowl as a junior against Oklahoma, and the Fiesta Bowl as a senior against Ohio State. Leggett's only bowl loss was in the 2015–16 National Championship Game against Alabama. On January 9, 2017, Leggett", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17564090", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Clemson Tigers football team\"\n2017 Clemson Tigers football team The 2017 Clemson Tigers football team represented Clemson University during the 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Tigers were led by head coach Dabo Swinney in his ninth full year and tenth overall since taking over midway through 2008 season. They played their home games at Memorial Stadium, also known as \"\"Death Valley\"\", and competed in the Atlantic Division of the Atlantic Coast Conference. Clemson won the ACC for the third consecutive season by beating Miami (FL) in the ACC Championship game, 38–3. They received their third straight bid to the College Football", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "239621", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers football\"\n† On August 18, 2011, Georgia Tech vacated their victory due to NCAA violations and the game is considered by the NCAA and ACC to have no winner. ‡ Clemson finished 7–1 in the ACC and was named co-champion of the Atlantic Division per ACC rules. Florida State played in the ACC Championship by owning the tie-breaker advantage. ^ Clemson finished 7–1 in the ACC and was named co-champion of the Atlantic Division per ACC rules. Clemson played in the ACC Championship by owning the tie-breaker advantage. Source for Records: Clemson Football Media Guide, Pg. 124 Clemson has ended their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9480952", "chunk_text": "\"Dabo Swinney\"\nin both the Associated Press and Coaches Polls. On April 12, 2016, Swinney signed a six-year contract extension with the Tigers. Swinney once again recorded a banner season as Clemson's coach, leading the Tigers to a 12-1 regular season record and another ACC Championship, the third in Swinney's career. Clemson posted big wins during the 2016 season over #3 Louisville at home and #12 Florida State on the road. Swinney punctuated the regular season with a 56-7 home victory over arch-rival South Carolina, the largest margin of victory over the Gamecocks in Swinney's career and the largest in over 100", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4823229", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers men's basketball\"\ntimes (1980, 1990, 1997, 2018), with their best performance reaching the Elite Eight that very same year. Clemson's home court is Littlejohn Coliseum and has been the scene of 55 Clemson wins over ranked teams (23 in the Top 10) since 1968, including a victory over #1 Duke in 1980, a 75–65 victory over #1 North Carolina in 2001, and a 74–47 victory over #3 Duke in 2009. The Clemson basketball programs have won roughly 75% of their games played in Littlejohn, making it one of the ACC's toughest road venues. Clemson's current head coach is Brad Brownell. Clemson's basketball", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9418361", "chunk_text": "\"Clemson Tigers\"\nHeisman (who also coached at Akron, Auburn, Georgia Tech, Penn, Washington & Jefferson, and Rice; the Heisman Trophy is named after him), Jess Neely, Frank Howard (whom the playing field at Death Valley is named after), and Danny Ford. After Tommy Bowden resigned midseason on October 13, 2008, Dabo Swinney took over as interim head coach. On December 1, 2008, Swinney was named head coach of the Clemson Tigers football team. Before each home game, the team ends pre-game warm ups and proceeds to the locker room. With five minutes to go before game time, three buses leave the street", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3347	how many seasons of the glades were made?	n/a	[ "four" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18161703", "chunk_text": "\"The Glades (TV series)\"\non July 15, 2014. The Glades (TV series) The Glades is a crime drama television series, created by Clifton Campbell, that aired on the A&E network for four seasons from July 11, 2010 to August 26, 2013. The police procedural show starred Matt Passmore as Jim Longworth, a Chicago police detective who becomes a state police detective in a Florida Everglades community. He leaves the Chicago Police Department after being shot in the buttocks by his captain, who thought Jim was sleeping with his wife. He receives a large settlement from the city of Chicago and settles in Florida for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3029561", "chunk_text": "\"The Glades (TV series)\"\nThe Glades (TV series) The Glades is a crime drama television series, created by Clifton Campbell, that aired on the A&E network for four seasons from July 11, 2010 to August 26, 2013. The police procedural show starred Matt Passmore as Jim Longworth, a Chicago police detective who becomes a state police detective in a Florida Everglades community. He leaves the Chicago Police Department after being shot in the buttocks by his captain, who thought Jim was sleeping with his wife. He receives a large settlement from the city of Chicago and settles in Florida for the golf and what", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2269054", "chunk_text": "\"The Glades (TV series)\"\nplaying only a peripheral role in the stories. On September 13, 2010, A&E announced that the show had been renewed for a second season. Season two of the series premiered on Sunday, June 5, 2011. On October 18, 2011, \"\"The Glades\"\" was renewed for a third season, which premiered June 3, 2012. With a 5% increase in viewership, A&E renewed \"\"The Glades\"\" for a fourth season. On September 1, 2013, \"\"The Huffington Post\"\" reported that the A&E Network did not renew \"\"The Glades\"\" for its fifth season. Show creator Clifton Campbell later told Rob Owen that the fifth season would", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18587890", "chunk_text": "\"The Glades (TV series)\"\nIt is filmed in a former carpet warehouse in Pembroke Park, Florida, and in the Hollywood and Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, metro area, making it one of the three series at the time, along with \"\"Burn Notice\"\" and \"\"Retired at 35\"\", to be filmed exclusively in the state. Matt Passmore was the first actor cast in the series. Kiele Sanchez, Uriah Shelton, and Carlos Gómez were cast next. On February 25, 2010, \"\"The Glades\"\" was given a series order of 13 episodes. Though A&E advertised the show as a \"\"CSI\"\"-type series, it was more of a standard \"\"police procedural\"\", with forensics", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18587893", "chunk_text": "\"The Glades (TV series)\"\non March 7, 2012. It contains all 13 episodes of season one. Special features include deleted scenes, a gag reel, behind-the-scenes footage, \"\"Sunshine State of Mind: Casting The Glades\"\" and \"\"A Location for Murder: Filming in The Glades\"\" featurettes, and cast commentaries. \"\"The Glades: Season Two\"\" was released on DVD in region 1 on July 10, 2012, and is set to be released in region 4 on December 31, 2013. It contains all 13 episodes of season two. Special features include deleted scenes, commentary, \"\"Jim Longworth's Guide to Police Work\"\" and \"\"Love Triangles: Relationship Complexities and The Glades\"\" featurettes, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18587892", "chunk_text": "\"The Glades (TV series)\"\nhave focused on the question \"\"Who shot Jim Longworth?\"\", adding that Longworth would have survived. However, Campbell said, \"\"The cancellation took us all by surprise.\"\" A total of 49 episodes of \"\"The Glades\"\" was aired over four seasons. \"\"The Glades\"\" debuted with 3.6 million viewers, breaking A&E's records for most-watched and highest-rated original drama series telecast ever according to Nielsen Fast Nationals numbers. The show has been met with positive reviews, with an initial score of 64 out of 100 from Metacritic. \"\"The Glades: Season One\"\" was released on DVD in region 1 on June 14, 2011, and region 4", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3029566", "chunk_text": "\"The Glades (TV series)\"\na gag reel. \"\"The Glades: Season Three\"\" was released on DVD in region 1 on June 4, 2013. \"\"The Glades: Season Four\"\" was released on DVD in region 1 on June 3, 2014. In Australia, the series premiered on SoHo (formerly W) on December 5, 2010, with season 2 returning on December 4, 2011, season 3 on August 20, 2012, and season 4 on May 30, 2013. In the U.K., the series premiered on Alibi on September 11, 2012, with season 2 returning on January 22, 2013, and season 3 on September 4, 2013. The fourth season, its last, premiered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18161699", "chunk_text": "\"The Glades (TV series)\"\nhe believes will be an easy life. However, Longworth soon discovers that his new hometown is more complex than meets the eye. A&E canceled the series after its season-four finale, effectively ending the series on a cliffhanger. The show's premise involves a Chicago detective taking a South Florida job with the Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE) after being shot by his captain. He assumes it will afford him a more relaxing lifestyle, but he finds things are more complicated than he had imagined. Originally titled \"\"Sugarloaf\"\", the series was set to take place in the Tampa Bay metro area.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7043537", "chunk_text": "\"Mickey's Farm\"\nminutes in length, with two episodes usually shown within a 30-minute time slot when aired on TV. Season 1 (26 episodes) was produced in 2009 and was directed by Christian Sparkes and was produced by Ed Martin, who was also the show's executive producer. Season one began airing on The Pet Network in October 2009 and Qubo in December 2014. Season 2 (39 episodes, the most in its run) was produced in 2010 and was directed by Allison White. Season two began airing on The Pet Network in 2010 and Qubo in late-December 2014. Seasons 3, 4 and 5 (26", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4534688", "chunk_text": "Daria\nspanning five seasons, each with thirteen episodes. The series first went into production with a pilot episode, titled \"\"Sealed with a Kick\"\". The first season was broadcast between March 3 and July 21, 1997, while season two was aired from February 16 to August 2, 1998; season three was shown from February 17 to August 18, 1999; season four from February 25 to August 2, 2000, and finally, season five between February 19 and June 25, 2001. The series also includes two feature-length television films; the first, \"\"Is It Fall Yet?\"\", which aired between seasons four and five, and chronicles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12957720", "chunk_text": "\"American Gladiators (2008 TV series)\"\nVan Earl Wright. Season 1 was taped at Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City, California. Beginning with Season 2, the show moved to the Los Angeles Sports Arena. It is produced by Reveille Productions and MGM Television. \"\"American Gladiators\"\" premiered on Sunday, January 6, 2008, an average of 12 million people watched the two-hour premiere. All other Season 1 episodes aired Mondays at 8:00 ET/PT, except for the finale, which aired Sunday, February 17, 2008 at 7:00 ET/PT. Season 2 premiered May 12, 2008, on NBC, with a two-hour episode. The two-hour Season 2 finale aired on August 4, 2008", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "683149", "chunk_text": "\"Gilligan's Island\"\n\"\"Gilligan's Island\"\" ran for a total of 98 episodes. The first season, consisting of 36 episodes, was filmed in black and white. These episodes were later colorized for syndication. The show's second and third seasons (62 episodes) and the three television movie sequels (aired between 1978 and 1982) were filmed in color. The show received solid ratings during its original run, then grew in popularity during decades of syndication, especially in the 1970s and 1980s when many markets ran the show in the late afternoon. Today, the title character of Gilligan is widely recognized as an American cultural icon. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3239592", "chunk_text": "\"100 episodes\"\nthe show back into production, which led to an additional 95 episodes over four seasons in first-run syndication. More recently, \"\"Clueless\"\" had reasonable success in syndication, especially on cable, even though only 62 episodes had been produced by the time the series ended in 1999. \"\"Chappelle's Show\"\" entered syndication despite only producing 33 episodes, five of which were clip shows. Series which have entered the public domain, such as \"\"Dusty's Trail\"\", \"\"Meet Corliss Archer\"\", and \"\"Life with Elizabeth\"\" are sometimes aired regardless of the number of episodes because there is no licensing fee. Dramas, which do not require daily runs,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "742868", "chunk_text": "\"American Gladiators\"\ninitially had rights to the first three seasons and picked up rights to the fourth when it finished airing in 1993, but did not pick up any additional seasons beyond that. USA aired reruns through at least 1996, just as the show ended its original run. Spike purchased a rerun package they began airing during their last days as The National Network in 2002. Originally airing weekday afternoons and late night Saturdays, Spike eventually scaled back the reruns to the late Saturday airing and then dropped them in 2003. Spike was only given rights to seasons two through four in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7110426", "chunk_text": "\"The Wild Thornberrys\"\nacquired the rights to the series and would be releasing Season 1 on DVD on May 17, 2011. Season 1 was released on May 17, 2011 followed by Season 2, Part 1 on November 8, 2011. Season 2, Part 2 was released on April 24, 2012. Season 2, Part 3 was released on January 15, 2013, as a Shout Select title. Season 3 was released on June 11, 2013, as a Shout Select title. Seasons 4 and 5 were released in a box set on September 10, 2013 as a Shout Select title. On December 1, 2015, Shout! Factory released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10590272", "chunk_text": "\"The Sentinel (TV series)\"\nThe Sentinel (TV series) The Sentinel is a Canadian-produced television series that aired on UPN in the United States from 1996 to 1999. It premiered on March 20, 1996, and ran for 65 episodes (four seasons). The series later reaired on Syfy. Jim Ellison was a US Army Ranger who spent 18 months in the Peruvian jungle after the rest of his unit was killed. He developed hyperacute senses from surviving in the wild, but repressed them when he returned to civilization. His sensory abilities re-manifested five years later, while conducting an extended stakeout in the forest as a detective", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "426550", "chunk_text": "\"Rawhide (TV series)\"\nbetween seasons. After the first season of 22 episodes, seasons 2–7 were each 30 episodes. Often, the only way the lead actors could get a break was if they were said to be off on business. On rare occasions, the show would feature a small number of the actors and some misfortune, maybe in a town, which would give the others time off. Eric Fleming drowned at the age of 41 when a canoe flipped over on location while filming the movie \"\"High Jungle\"\" in 1966. The theme song's lyrics were written by Ned Washington in 1958. It was composed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20707270", "chunk_text": "\"American Gladiators\"\nof past competitions. The show was taped at Universal Studios Hollywood until 1991, then moved to \"\"Gladiator Arena\"\" (Studio 3) at CBS Studio Center in Studio City for the rest of its initial run. The National Indoor Arena, home to the UK version, hosted the \"\"International Gladiators\"\" competitions. The series, a co-production of Trans World International and Four Point Entertainment, was distributed by Samuel Goldwyn Television. The original Pilot was hosted by Fran Tarkenton and Tim Wrightman. The first 13 episodes were recorded, from July 24 to August 5 of 1989. The entire 26 episode second season was recorded in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18965025", "chunk_text": "\"Under the Dome (TV series)\"\nsignificant declines in live viewership. Initially, \"\"Under the Dome\"\" had a positive critical reception, which changed into mixed reviews as the series progressed. \"\"Under the Dome\"\" came to a conclusion in September 2015. Over three seasons, 39 episodes were produced. Executive producer and showrunner Neal Baer stated in an interview after the finale aired: \"\"I'm very happy with this ending. I feel very satisfied. We made it so there \"\"could\"\" be another [season]… but it wasn't necessary.\"\" The cast members portray characters who were mostly taken from the original novel, \"\"although some have been combined and others have changed jobs\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11336194", "chunk_text": "\"Stefanie Powers\"\n\"\"117-pound frame is kept supple with 11 minutes of Royal Canadian Air Force exercises every morning... Unlike her fellow U.N.C.L.E. agents, the ladylike April is not required to kill the bad guys. Her feminine charms serve as the bait, while her partner Noel Harrison provides the fireworks.\"\" The series lasted for only one season (29 one-hour episodes), airing from September 16, 1966 to April 11, 1967. In 1967, Powers appeared in \"\"Warning Shot\"\" with David Janssen. Her 1970s films include \"\"The Boatniks\"\" (1970), \"\"Herbie Rides Again\"\" (a sequel to \"\"The Love Bug\"\") and The Magnificent Seven Ride (1972). She was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16447692", "chunk_text": "\"Love & Hip Hop\"\n\"\"bawdy and hilarious\"\", and a \"\"guilty pleasure\"\". The show has aired continuously since May 15, 2014, with an incarnation of the franchise airing nearly every Monday on VH1. In the US, \"\"\"\" usually airs in spring and through summer, followed by \"\"\"\" in the fall and \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\" in the winter. As of November 26, 2018, 324 original episodes of \"\"New York\"\", \"\"Atlanta\"\", \"\"Hollywood\"\" and \"\"Miami\"\" have aired over twenty-two seasons. \"\"Love & Hip Hop\"\" had its origins as a 2006 pilot called \"\"Keeping Up With the Joneses\"\", which centered around rapper Jim Jones and was produced by Stefan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2100503", "chunk_text": "\"The Golden Girls\"\nThe Golden Girls The Golden Girls is an American sitcom created by Susan Harris that originally aired on NBC from September 14, 1985, to May 9, 1992, with a total of 180 half-hour episodes spanning seven seasons. The show stars Bea Arthur, Betty White, Rue McClanahan, and Estelle Getty as four older women who share a home in Miami, Florida. It was produced by Witt/Thomas/Harris Productions, in association with Touchstone Television, and Paul Junger Witt. Tony Thomas and Harris served as the original executive producers. \"\"The Golden Girls\"\" received critical acclaim throughout most of its run and won several awards", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20972897", "chunk_text": "\"The Ranch (TV series)\"\nfront of a live audience in Burbank, California. Each season consists of 20 episodes broken up into two parts, each containing 10 episodes. All episodes are named after American country music songs, predominantly Kenny Chesney in part one, George Strait in part two, Tim McGraw in part three, Garth Brooks in part four, Dolly Parton in part five, and Alabama in part six. The first ten episodes premiered on April 1, 2016, the second batch of ten episodes premiered on October 7, 2016. In April 2016, Netflix renewed \"\"The Ranch\"\" for a second season of 20 episodes, the first half", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10507943", "chunk_text": "\"Glades Central High School\"\nGlades Central High School Glades Central High School is a high school located in Belle Glade, Florida. In the 2014–15 school year its enrollment numbered 992 students. It is known for having one of the best high school football teams in the nation, with more football players in the NFL and in the NCAA than any other high school. In fact the \"\"New York Times\"\" reported that small, rural Glades Central had produced more current National Football League players than any other high school in the country with 7 during the 2001 season. The Raiders have won six Florida High", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7229880", "chunk_text": "\"Miami Vice\"\nmusic.) In the November 2004 announcement for the DVD release of the series, Universal promised that all original music in the series would be intact. On August 21, 2007 Universal announced the November 13, 2007 release of the complete series, with all five seasons on 27 single-sided DVDs. The seasons are in their own Digipak-style cases, and the set is housed in a faux alligator-skin package. Seasons 1 & 2 contained six single-sided discs, rather than the three double-sided discs in the initial release. The Region 2 version has different packaging, does not use double-sided discs, and although there are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6140385", "chunk_text": "\"Hollywood, Florida\"\nroutes that pass through the city of Hollywood, such as the 1 on US 1 (Federal Highway). It is also served by Tri-Rail stations at Sheridan Street and Hollywood. The television game show \"\"Hollywood Squares\"\" taped a week of shows at the historic Diplomat Hotel in 1987 and featured aerial footage shot over Hollywood, Florida. The Art and Culture Center of Hollywood is the exterior of the police substation in the now cancelled TV show \"\"The Glades\"\". The comedy series \"\"Big Time in Hollywood, FL\"\" is set in Hollywood, Florida. Pictured are some of the remaining historic structures of Hollywood:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "286106", "chunk_text": "\"Glades culture\"\nthroughout the Glades culture period was undecorated. It is identified as Glades primarily by the character of the sand and grit included in the clay used to form the pottery. Pots decorated with puncture marks and incisions appeared after 500, but were not very common. Decorated pots disappeared from the record in about 1100. Pots with a new type of incised decoration appeared about 1200 and lasted for about 200 years. Pottery attributed to the St. Johns culture started appearing in the archeological record after that. On the basis of pottery sequences, the Glades culture period is divided into Glades", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9638450", "chunk_text": "\"Erotas (TV series)\"\n2006 with a total of 225 episodes. A successful heart surgeon and a dynamic business woman enjoy personal and family completion with their daughter. All seems wonderful in their life until the moment that the woman's ex-husband sets it as his objective to destroy her life. Erotas Season 2 premiered on September 17, 2006 and ended on July 13, 2007 with a total 225 episodes. At the start of the second season months have passed since the tragic explosion at Martha's farewell party and everybody struggles to move on. Erotas Season 3 premiered on September 3, 2007 and ended on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1013083", "chunk_text": "\"The Bold Ones\"\n\"\"Nicholls, Darrell & Darrell\"\". Burl Ives appeared as senior partner Walter Nicholls in all episodes, and Joseph Campanella was featured as Brian Darrell in almost every episode. During the course of the three seasons, James Farentino was written out of 8 episodes—two during a three-week suspension in 1969, and 6 in order to appear in a number of theatrical and television films between 1970 and 1972. The Protectors was included in the format for the first season only. This segment broke new ground for television as it concentrated on legal matters but incorporated topical racial and political elements. Leslie Nielsen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7235648", "chunk_text": "\"Gilligan's Island\"\nGilligan's Island Gilligan's Island is an American sitcom created and produced by Sherwood Schwartz. The show had an ensemble cast that featured Bob Denver, Alan Hale Jr., Jim Backus, Natalie Schafer, Russell Johnson, Tina Louise, and Dawn Wells. It aired for three seasons on the CBS network from September 26, 1964, to April 17, 1967. The series followed the comic adventures of seven castaways as they attempted to survive the island on which they had been shipwrecked. Most episodes revolve around the dissimilar castaways' conflicts and their unsuccessful attempts, for whose failure Gilligan was frequently responsible, to escape their plight.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18313514", "chunk_text": "\"The Real World: Key West\"\non February 28, 2006 and consisted of 25 episodes. The season premiere was viewed by 3.33 million people. The production faced a lawsuit by tourism mogul Ed Swift, a neighbor to the Driftwood Drive house, who sought to stop filming at the location, on the grounds that the production's floodlights, commercial-sized air conditioners, and outdoor cameras capable of rotating towards his house were a nuisance, and that local zoning laws prohibit commercial use of Key Haven homes. After MTV threatened to cancel production in response to the lawsuit, a judge threw out the lawsuit and allowed Bunim-Murray Productions to continue", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4533221", "chunk_text": "\"Kiele Sanchez\"\nco-starred in \"\"\"\". In August 2015, Sanchez announced that she and Gilford were expecting their first child, a son, that November. In October 2015, the couple announced that Sanchez had suffered a late-term miscarriage. On November 29, 2017, the couple welcomed a daughter, Zeppelin Adele, born via surrogate. Kiele Sanchez Kiele Michelle Sanchez ( ; born October 13, 1977) is an American actress who starred in the A&E Network drama \"\"The Glades\"\". Previously, she had starred as Anne Sorelli in The WB comedy-drama \"\"Related\"\" and as Nikki Fernandez on the main cast in the third season of the ABC television", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19117086", "chunk_text": "\"David Zabel\"\nthrough the end of its run, after 15 seasons, in 2009. He was nominated for a second Humanitas Prize for writing the episode \"\"Heal Thyself,\"\" which he also directed. He was the showrunner of \"\"Detroit 1-8-7\"\" in 2010-2011, for which he also wrote and directed numerous episodes. In 2013, he had two pilots he wrote and produced go to series on ABC - \"\"Lucky 7\"\" (co-written with Jason Richman) and \"\"Betrayal.\"\" He served as executive producer and showrunner on both shows. In 2016, the first season of his PBS series \"\"Mercy Street\"\" aired. A second season for January 2017 is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14698849", "chunk_text": "\"Phil Silvers\"\nmusical. Silvers also guested on \"\"The Beverly Hillbillies\"\", and various TV variety shows such as \"\"The Carol Burnett Show\"\", \"\"Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In\"\" and \"\"The Dean Martin Show\"\". He appeared as curmudgeonly Hollywood producer Harold Hecuba in the classic 1966 episode \"\"The Producer\"\" on \"\"Gilligan's Island\"\", where he and the castaways performed a musical version of \"\"Hamlet\"\". (Silvers' production company Gladasya – named after his catchphrase \"\"Gladdaseeya!\"\" – financed the show.) Phil Silvers was married twice, to Jo-Carroll Dennison, and to Evelyn Patrick. Both of his marriages ended in divorce. He had five daughters — Candace, Cathy, Laurie, Nancey, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3377695", "chunk_text": "\"Clayne Crawford\"\nBrother Ziggy\"\". Crawford was the protagonist in the 2010 straight-to-DVD prequel to \"\"Smokin' Aces\"\", \"\"\"\". In 2010, he had a recurring role in the eighth season of \"\"24\"\" as Kevin Wade, a young, mysterious man. He also appeared in the first and second season of the A&E series \"\"The Glades\"\". Crawford played the role of Ted \"\"Teddy\"\" Talbot, Jr. in the first SundanceTV original series, \"\"Rectify\"\", which was aired for four seasons from 2013 to 2016. The series, exploring a man who is released from prison after 19 years on death row after DNA evidence appears to support his innocence,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1558710", "chunk_text": "\"American Gladiators\"\nWright the play-by-play voice. That version lasted two seasons. In August 2018, MGM Television, with Ferraro and actors Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg, announced plans to bring American Gladiators back again for the 2019-20 season, the 30th anniversary of the franchise's television debut. \"\"American Gladiators\"\" featured four competitors, two men and two women, in most episodes. The players went through a series of seven physical challenges with the goal to eventually become the season's overall winner, referred to as the Grand Champion. This was determined by a season-long tournament, whose format went through various changes during its run. In the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1479709", "chunk_text": "\"Underground producciones\"\nUnderground producciones Underground Producciones is a media producer in Argentina that produces television and film. The company was created in 2006 by Sebastian Ortega and Pablo Culell. In 2006, his first project was the dramatic telenovela Weather does not stop, Channel 9, which won several awards, the same year also saw the Househusband sitcom and the sitcom Gladiators of Pompeii to the same channel. In 2007, in partnership with Dori Media, Sebastian Ortega, Lalola notion for Latin TV. This sitcom also achieved important awards (including two awards for Best Fiction Martín Fierro and Best Actress Carla Peterson, besides the Golden", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20672716", "chunk_text": "\"Glade Knight\"\ngraduated himself. To assist SVU students in achieving their goals and dreams like he did, Knight created the Cowboy/Cowgirl Ethics Scholarship. The award includes custom boots, a free trip to any of the ranches he owns, and $1000 to advance their education. So long as they all stay well behaved, he loves to spoil his four adult children just as much as his 13 grandchildren. Bill Marriott and Glade Knight have a close friendship, and Mr. Marriott speaks very highly of him as well, once calling him an \"\"outstanding businessman and generous philanthropist. He is a great family man, church", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2934285", "chunk_text": "\"Gladiators (franchise)\"\nseries starting on Sunday 11 May. Both revivals proved instant ratings hits for their respective channels. On 12 May 2008, the second season of the American show began, with the series being moved to a bigger arena. Due to low ratings, the Seven Network placed filming for a second series on hold and released the Gladiators from their holding contracts. NBC similarly have yet to commission a third series due to ratings for the second series being lower than expected. The UK revival first aired in August 2008, a second series aired in January 2009. On 20 May 2009, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5520563", "chunk_text": "\"Gargoyles (TV series)\"\nto their safety and to the world at large. A total of 78 half-hour episodes were produced. The first two seasons aired in the Disney Afternoon programming block. The first season consisted of 13 episodes, including a five-part opening story. This season's episodes were almost entirely written by Michael Reaves and Brynne Chandler Reaves. The second season featured 52 episodes, and a long mid-season story arc dubbed by fans as \"\"The Gargoyles World Tour\"\" in which the main characters travel the world, encountering other Gargoyles and confronting various mystical and science-fictional dangers. The writing staff was greatly expanded for season", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "286107", "chunk_text": "\"Glades culture\"\nI, 500 BCE to 750 CE, Glades II, 900 to 1200, and Glades III, 1200 to 1513. Glades culture The Glades culture is an archaeological culture in southernmost Florida that lasted from about 500 BCE until shortly after European contact. Its area included the Everglades, the Florida Keys, the Atlantic coast of Florida north through present-day Martin County and the Gulf coast north to Marco Island in Collier County. It did not include the area around Lake Okeechobee, which was part of the Belle Glade culture. Two, or possibly three, areas at the extremities of the cultural area are recognized", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15772150", "chunk_text": "\"The Beachcombers\"\nTV and the pre-news channel version of Sun TV in Canada. It is currently seen on the Aboriginal Peoples Television Network (APTN) in Canada and ALN in the United States. The Beachcombers The Beachcombers is a Canadian comedy-drama television series that ran from October 1, 1972 to December 12, 1990. At 387 episodes, it is the third longest-running dramatic series ever made for English-language Canadian television. \"\"The Beachcombers\"\" followed the life of Nick Adonidas (Bruno Gerussi), a Greek-Canadian log salvager in British Columbia who earned a living travelling the coastline northwest of Vancouver with his partner Jesse Jim (Pat John)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3968569", "chunk_text": "\"Belle Glade, Florida\"\nBelle Glade appeared in the 1960 television documentary, \"\"Harvest of Shame\"\". Men and women still gather around 5 a.m. in the same lot you see at the beginning of \"\"Harvest of Shame\"\", waiting for buses to take them to the fields. The \"\"loading ramp,\"\" as it's called, is a bleak, empty lot, surrounded by some small buildings with bars on the windows and a boarded up storefront. As of May 2014 the city has plans \"\"to demolish the loading ramp and turn it into a park.\"\" The town is known for its football tradition, and together with nearby Pahokee has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12792044", "chunk_text": "\"The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis\"\n2014, Season 3 on May 6, 2014 and the fourth and final season was released on December 16, 2014. \"\"The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis\"\" was a major influence on the characters for another successful CBS program, the Hanna-Barbera Saturday morning cartoon \"\"Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!\"\", which ran on the network from 1969 to 1970 followed by several spin-offs. As confirmed by series creators Joe Ruby and Ken Spears and writer Mark Evanier, the four teenage lead characters of \"\"Scooby-Doo\"\" were based on four of the teenage lead characters from \"\"Dobie Gillis\"\": Fred Jones on Dobie, Daphne Blake on Thalia,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15793760", "chunk_text": "\"Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events\"\npremiered on January 13, 2017. The first season consisted of eight episodes, and adapts the first four books of the series. \"\"A Series of Unfortunate Events\"\" season two was released on March 30, 2018, which contains 10 episodes, adapting books five through nine of the novel series. The third and final season is set to be released on January 1, 2019 and will adapt the four remaining books in seven episodes. A video game based on the books and film (more so the film, as the name and many plot elements seen in the movie but not the book are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "286104", "chunk_text": "\"Glades culture\"\nGlades culture The Glades culture is an archaeological culture in southernmost Florida that lasted from about 500 BCE until shortly after European contact. Its area included the Everglades, the Florida Keys, the Atlantic coast of Florida north through present-day Martin County and the Gulf coast north to Marco Island in Collier County. It did not include the area around Lake Okeechobee, which was part of the Belle Glade culture. Two, or possibly three, areas at the extremities of the cultural area are recognized as variant districts: the Ten Thousand Islands district in southern coastal Collier County and northern Monroe County,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5202926", "chunk_text": "\"Haven (TV series)\"\nJuly 9, 2010, and on Showcase in Canada on July 12. The show became available to other international markets in October 2010. The one-hour drama premiered on July 9, 2010, on Syfy. The series was the first property to be produced for Syfy Pay channels around the globe, excluding Canada and Scandinavia. On October 12, 2011, it was renewed for a third 13-episode season, which began airing on September 21, 2012. On November 9, 2012, it was renewed for a fourth 13-episode season. On January 28, 2014, the show was renewed for a split 26-episode fifth season. The first half", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20890830", "chunk_text": "\"Glades County, Florida\"\nIn the county, the population was spread out with 22.10% under the age of 18, 7.60% from 18 to 24, 27.00% from 25 to 44, 24.50% from 45 to 64, and 18.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 121.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 125.40 males. The median income for a household in the county was $30,774, and the median income for a family was $34,223. Males had a median income of $29,196 versus $20,987 for females. The per capita", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11584131", "chunk_text": "\"The 4400\"\nallowed to lapse and none of them are active any further. Most of them have now been parked. \"\"The 4400\"\" ran for four seasons. The first season is presented as a miniseries of five episodes, which aired weekly from July 11, 2004 to August 8, 2004, with a two-hour premier. Seasons two, three and four are each 13-episode seasons (counting the two hour premiers in seasons two and three as two episodes). A special episode, \"\"The 4400: Unlocking the Secrets\"\", aired between seasons two and three, on June 3, 2006, originally on NBC. Production of the third season was shot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7379206", "chunk_text": "\"Seasons of Love (film)\"\nSeasons of Love (film) \"\" Seasons of Love (also known as Love on the Land in Canada) is a four-hour Canadian television miniseries based on the acclaimed novel \"\"The Earth Abideth\"\" by George Dell. The book, which was for many years a buried treasure, was found by the author’s daughter-in-law and sent to Ohio State Press. It was written in 1934 but not published until 1988. The two part miniseries, produced for CBS by Sullivan Entertainment (\"\"Anne of Green Gables\"\", \"\"Road to Avonlea\"\") was originally broadcast in the US on March 7 and 9, 1999, under the title \"\"Seasons of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3348	when was the problem of cfc's discovered?	n/a	[ "late 1970s", "1974", "1973", "1970s" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10182540", "chunk_text": "\"History of climate change science\"\nglobal warming effect. In 1975, V. Ramanathan found that a CFC molecule could be 10,000 times more effective in absorbing infrared radiation than a carbon dioxide molecule, making CFCs potentially important despite their very low concentrations in the atmosphere. While most early work on CFCs focused on their role in ozone depletion, by 1985 scientists had concluded that CFCs together with methane and other trace gases could have nearly as important a climate effect as increases in CO. History of climate change science The history of the scientific discovery of climate change began in the early 19th century when ice", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6536770", "chunk_text": "Chlorofluorocarbon\nhazardous to the environment. The experiment did however provide the first useful data on the presence of CFCs in the atmosphere. The damage caused by CFCs was discovered by Sherry Rowland and Mario Molina who, after hearing a lecture on the subject of Lovelock's work, embarked on research resulting in the first publication suggesting the connection in 1974. It turns out that one of CFCs' most attractive features—their low reactivity— is key to their most destructive effects. CFCs' lack of reactivity gives them a lifespan that can exceed 100 years, giving them time to diffuse into the upper stratosphere. Once", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2043037", "chunk_text": "\"Cystic fibrosis\"\ndiscovered abnormalities in sweat electrolytes; a sweat test was developed and improved over the next decade. The first linkage between CF and another marker (Paroxonase) was found in 1985 by Hans Eiberg, indicating that only one locus exists for CF. In 1988, the first mutation for CF, ΔF508 was discovered by Francis Collins, Lap-Chee Tsui, and John R. Riordan on the seventh chromosome. Subsequent research has found over 1,000 different mutations that cause CF. Because mutations in the \"\"CFTR\"\" gene are typically small, classical genetics techniques had been unable to accurately pinpoint the mutated gene. Using protein markers, gene-linkage studies", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6536769", "chunk_text": "Chlorofluorocarbon\nimportant to human safety for restriction. Since the late 1970s, the use of CFCs has been heavily regulated because of their destructive effects on the ozone layer. After the development of his electron capture detector, James Lovelock was the first to detect the widespread presence of CFCs in the air, finding a mole fraction of 60 ppt of CFC-11 over Ireland. In a self-funded research expedition ending in 1973, Lovelock went on to measure CFC-11 in both the Arctic and Antarctic, finding the presence of the gas in each of 50 air samples collected, and concluding that CFCs are not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10182535", "chunk_text": "\"History of climate change science\"\n1975, V. Ramanathan found that a CFC molecule could be 10,000 times more effective in absorbing infrared radiation than a carbon dioxide molecule, making CFCs potentially important despite their very low concentrations in the atmosphere. While most early work on CFCs focused on their role in ozone depletion, by 1985 Ramanathan and others showed that CFCs together with methane and other trace gases could have nearly as important a climate effect as increases in . In other words, global warming would arrive twice as fast as had been expected. In 1985 a joint UNEP/WMO/ICSU Conference on the \"\"Assessment of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3375450", "chunk_text": "\"Montreal Protocol\"\n1973, the chemists Frank Sherwood Rowland and Mario Molina, who were then at the University of California, Irvine, began studying the impacts of CFCs in the Earth's atmosphere. They discovered that CFC molecules were stable enough to remain in the atmosphere until they got up into the middle of the stratosphere where they would finally (after an average of 50–100 years for two common CFCs) be broken down by ultraviolet radiation releasing a chlorine atom. Rowland and Molina then proposed that these chlorine atoms might be expected to cause the breakdown of large amounts of ozone (O) in the stratosphere.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3750699", "chunk_text": "Freon\ntrademark) like \"\"xerox\"\" or \"\"kleenex.\"\" It is commonly used when referring to any fluorocarbon refrigerants. The first CFCs were synthesized by Frédéric Swarts in the 1890s. In the late 1920s, a research team was formed by Charles Franklin Kettering in General Motors to find a replacement for the dangerous refrigerants then in use, such as ammonia. The team was headed by Thomas Midgley, Jr. In 1928, they improved the synthesis of CFCs and demonstrated their usefulness for such a purpose and their stability and nontoxicity. Kettering patented a refrigerating apparatus to use the gas; this was issued to Frigidaire, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11150289", "chunk_text": "EcoCute\nand refrigerators. But from the 1980s CFCs began to lose favor as refrigerant when their damaging effects on the ozone layer were discovered. Two alternative types of refrigerant, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), also lost favour when they were identified as greenhouse gases (additionally, HCFCs were found to be more damaging to the ozone layer than originally thought). The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, the Montreal Protocol and the Kyoto Protocol call for the complete abandonment of such refrigerants by 2030. In 1989, amid international concern about the effects of chlorofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons on the ozone", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10182539", "chunk_text": "\"History of climate change science\"\n(Second Assessment Report), 2001 (Third Assessment Report), 2007 (Fourth Assessment Report), and 2013/2014 (Fifth Assessment Report). Since the 1990s, research on climate change has expanded and grown, linking many fields such as atmospheric sciences, numerical modeling, behavioral sciences, geology and economics, or security. Methane: In 1859, John Tyndall determined that coal gas, a mix of methane and other gases, strongly absorbed infrared radiation. Methane was subsequently detected in the atmosphere in 1948, and in the 1980s scientists realized that human emissions were having a substantial impact. Chlorofluorocarbon: In 1973, British scientist James Lovelock speculated that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) could have a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10291248", "chunk_text": "\"Mario J. Molina\"\nCFCs, would act as an ongoing catalyst for the destruction of ozone. When they calculated the amounts involved they realized that CFCs could start a seriously damaging chain reaction to the ozone layer in the stratosphere. Rowland and Molina published their findings in \"\"Nature\"\" on June 28, 1974, and also made an effort to announce their findings outside of the scientific community, informing policy makers and the news media of their work. As a result of their work, laws were established to protect the ozone layer by regulating the use of CFCs. Mario Molina has received numerous awards and honors,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1324063", "chunk_text": "Chlorofluorocarbon\ngreenhouse effect. Conversely, the low concentration of CFCs allow their effects to increase linearly with mass. Because the time history of CFC concentrations in the atmosphere is relatively well known, they have provided an important constraint on ocean circulation. CFCs dissolve in seawater at the ocean surface and are subsequently transported into the ocean interior. Because CFCs are inert, their concentration in the ocean interior reflects simply the convolution of their atmospheric time evolution and ocean circulation and mixing. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are anthropogenic compounds that have been released into the atmosphere since the 1930s in various applications such as in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6536757", "chunk_text": "Chlorofluorocarbon\nChlorofluorocarbon Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are fully halogenated paraffin hydrocarbons that contain only carbon (С), chlorine (Cl), and fluorine (F), produced as volatile derivative of methane, ethane, and propane. They are also commonly known by the DuPont brand name Freon. The most common representative is dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12 or Freon-12). Many CFCs have been widely used as refrigerants, propellants (in aerosol applications), and solvents. Because CFCs contribute to ozone depletion in the upper atmosphere, the manufacture of such compounds has been phased out under the Montreal Protocol, and they are being replaced with other products such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) (e.g., R-410A) and R-134a.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19838186", "chunk_text": "\"Environmental policy of the United States\"\nfrom the sun. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were used beginning in the 1930s in a number of important areas, were determined in 1974 to be responsible for much of the depletion of the ozone layer. Four years later, the EPA and FDA banned CFCs in aerosol cans. As research in the 1980s indicated that the problem was worse than before, and revealed a controversial massive hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica, three international agreements were made to reduce the ozone-damaging substances- the Vienna Convention, the 1987 Montreal Protocol, and a third agreement in 1990 in London. In the United States,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10141269", "chunk_text": "\"Magnetic refrigeration\"\na thermal load equal to 190 W with a COP of 2.20. Observing the temperature of the cold water that was obtained in the tests, the GeoThermag system showed a good ability to feed the cooling radiant floors and a reduced capacity for feeding the fan coil systems. The effect was discovered first observed by a German physicist Warburg (1881) Subsequently by French physicist P. Weiss and Swiss physicist A. Piccard in 1917. Major advances first appeared in the late 1920s when cooling via adiabatic demagnetization was independently proposed by chemistry Nobel Laureates Peter Debye in 1926 and William F.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1223704", "chunk_text": "\"Clean Air Act (United States)\"\nexchange is known as the Chapman mechanism: Atmospheric freon and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) contribute to ozone depletion (Chlorine is a catalytic agent in ozone destruction). Following discovery of the ozone hole in 1985, the 1987 Montreal Protocol successfully implemented a plan to replace CFCs and was viewed by some environmentalists as an example of what is possible for the future of environmental issues, if the political will is present. The Clean Air Act requires permits to build or add to major stationary sources of air pollution. This permitting process, known as New Source Review (NSR), applies to sources in areas that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11152141", "chunk_text": "\"F. D. C. Willard\"\nand abbreviated them accordingly as F. D. C. His article, entitled \"\"Two-, Three-, and Four-Atom Exchange Effects in bcc ³He\"\" and written by J. H. Hetherington and F. D. C. Willard, was accepted by the Physical Review and published in number 35 (November 1975). At the 15th International Conference on Low Temperature Physics in 1978 in Grenoble, Hetherington's co-author was exposed: Hetherington had sent some signed copies of his article to friends and colleagues and included the \"\"signature\"\" (paw prints) of his co-author in them. Later, another essay appeared, this time solely authored by F. D. C. Willard, entitled \"\"L'hélium", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6313053", "chunk_text": "\"Ozone depletion\"\n1994 Assessment overestimated ozone loss for the 1994–1997 period. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other halogenated ozone depleting substances (ODS) are mainly responsible for man-made chemical ozone depletion. The total amount of effective halogens (chlorine and bromine) in the stratosphere can be calculated and are known as the equivalent effective stratospheric chlorine (EESC). CFCs were invented by Thomas Midgley, Jr. in the 1930s. They were used in air conditioning and cooling units, as aerosol spray propellants prior to the 1970s, and in the cleaning processes of delicate electronic equipment. They also occur as by-products of some chemical processes. No significant natural sources", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11481834", "chunk_text": "\"Cottrell atmosphere\"\nCottrell atmosphere In materials science, the concept of the Cottrell atmosphere was introduced by Cottrell and Bilby in 1949 to explain how dislocations are pinned in some metals by carbon or nitrogen interstitials. Cottrell atmospheres occur in body-centered cubic (BCC) and face-centered cubic (FCC) materials , such as iron or nickel, with small impurity atoms, such as carbon or nitrogen. As these interstitial atoms distort the lattice slightly, there will be an associated residual stress field surrounding the interstitial. This stress field can be relaxed by the interstitial atom diffusing towards a dislocation, which contains a small gap at its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6536771", "chunk_text": "Chlorofluorocarbon\nin the stratosphere, the sun's ultraviolet radiation is strong enough to cause the homolytic cleavage of the C-Cl bond. By 1987, in response to a dramatic seasonal depletion of the ozone layer over Antarctica, diplomats in Montreal forged a treaty, the Montreal Protocol, which called for drastic reductions in the production of CFCs. On 2 March 1989, 12 European Community nations agreed to ban the production of all CFCs by the end of the century. In 1990, diplomats met in London and voted to significantly strengthen the Montreal Protocol by calling for a complete elimination of CFCs by the year", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9361905", "chunk_text": "\"Continued fraction factorization\"\n\"\"n\"\" is square, in which case the factorization is obvious). It has a time complexity of formula_2, in the O and L notations. Continued fraction factorization In number theory, the continued fraction factorization method (CFRAC) is an integer factorization algorithm. It is a general-purpose algorithm, meaning that it is suitable for factoring any integer \"\"n\"\", not depending on special form or properties. It was described by D. H. Lehmer and R. E. Powers in 1931, and developed as a computer algorithm by Michael A. Morrison and John Brillhart in 1975. The continued fraction method is based on Dixon's factorization method.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14419516", "chunk_text": "DuPont\nby Thomas Midgley in 1928. CFCs are ozone-depleting chemicals that were used primarily in aerosol sprays and refrigerants. DuPont was the largest CFC producer in the world with a 25 percent market share in the 1980s, totaling $600 million in annual sales. In 1974, responding to public concern about the safety of CFCs, DuPont promised to stop production of CFCs should they be proven to be harmful to the ozone layer. In February 1988, United States Senator Max Baucus, along with two other Senators, wrote to DuPont reminding the company of its pledge. The \"\"Los Angeles Times\"\" reported that the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7597779", "chunk_text": "EcoCute\nliterally “supply hot water.” Modern chemical refrigeration techniques developed after the proposal of the Carnot cycle in 1824. Jacob Perkins invented an ice-making machine that used ether in 1843, and \"\"\"\" built a refrigerator that used water and sulfuric acid in 1850. In Japan, Fusanosuke Kuhara, founder of Hitachi, Ltd., made an air conditioner for his own home use using compressed CO as a refrigerant. In 1930 Thomas Midgley, Jr. discovered dichlorodifluoromethane, a chlorinated fluorocarbon (CFC) known as freon. CFCs rapidly replaced traditional refrigerant substances, including CO (which proved hard to compress for domestic use), for use in heat pumps", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14384210", "chunk_text": "\"Ozone depletion\"\naircraft were operated. This, Fahey expressed, would not be a showstopper for advanced supersonic passenger aircraft development. In 1974 Frank Sherwood Rowland, Chemistry Professor at the University of California at Irvine, and his postdoctoral associate Mario J. Molina suggested that long-lived organic halogen compounds, such as CFCs, might behave in a similar fashion as Crutzen had proposed for nitrous oxide. James Lovelock had recently discovered, during a cruise in the South Atlantic in 1971, that almost all of the CFC compounds manufactured since their invention in 1930 were still present in the atmosphere. Molina and Rowland concluded that, like ,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1834446", "chunk_text": "\"Samuel Curtis Johnson Jr.\"\nAmazon, or a reef around an atoll, it's gone forever.\"\" Johnson was one of the first business leaders to recognize the danger to the Earth's ozone layer from chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), a then-popular propellant in aerosol products, voluntarily banning the substance from all of S.C. Johnson's products in 1975 to the shock and anger of many people inside the company and across the nation. The then-unproven scientific research led Johnson to publish a letter to the public explaining his decision. \"\"Our own company scientists confirm that as a scientific hypothesis it may be possible... We concur that the pressing need for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9941719", "chunk_text": "\"Cyclic redundancy check\"\nhash function. The CRC was invented by W. Wesley Peterson in 1961; the 32-bit CRC function, used in Ethernet and many other standards, is the work of several researchers and was published in 1975. CRCs are based on the theory of cyclic error-correcting codes. The use of systematic cyclic codes, which encode messages by adding a fixed-length check value, for the purpose of error detection in communication networks, was first proposed by W. Wesley Peterson in 1961. Cyclic codes are not only simple to implement but have the benefit of being particularly well suited for the detection of burst errors:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13841184", "chunk_text": "\"Crystal field theory\"\nCrystal field theory Crystal Field Theory (CFT) is a model that describes the breaking of degeneracies of electron orbital states, usually d or f orbitals, due to a static electric field produced by a surrounding charge distribution (anion neighbors). This theory has been used to describe various spectroscopies of transition metal coordination complexes, in particular optical spectra (colors). CFT successfully accounts for some magnetic properties, colors, hydration enthalpies, and spinel structures of transition metal complexes, but it does not attempt to describe bonding. CFT was developed by physicists Hans Bethe and John Hasbrouck van Vleck in the 1930s. CFT was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12253824", "chunk_text": "\"Ice core\"\nof the / ratio and of neon, krypton and xenon, have been used to infer the thickness of the firn layer, and determine other palaeoclimatic information such as past mean ocean temperatures. Some gases such as helium can rapidly diffuse through ice, so it may be necessary to test for these \"\"fugitive gases\"\" within minutes of the core being retrieved to obtain accurate data. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which contribute to the greenhouse effect and also cause ozone loss in the stratosphere, can be detected in ice cores after about 1950; almost all CFCs in the atmosphere were created by human activity.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19819169", "chunk_text": "\"Aerosol spray\"\nozone layer. In response to this theory, the U.S. Congress passed amendments to the Clean Air Act in 1977 authorizing the Environmental Protection Agency to regulate the presence of CFCs in the atmosphere. The United Nations Environment Programme called for ozone layer research that same year, and, in 1981, authorized a global framework convention on ozone layer protection. In 1985, Joe Farman, Brian G. Gardiner, and Jon Shanklin published the first scientific paper detailing the hole in the ozone layer. That same year, the Vienna Convention was signed in response to the UN's authorization. Two years later, the Montreal Protocol,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "966379", "chunk_text": "\"Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer\"\nVienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer is a multilateral environmental agreement signed in 1985 that provided frameworks for international reductions in the production of chlorofluorocarbons due to their contribution to the destruction of the ozone layer and resulting increase in the threat of skin cancer. During the 1970's, research indicated that man-made chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) reduce and convert ozone molecules in the atmosphere. CFCs are stable molecules composed of carbon, fluorine, and chlorine that were used prominently in products such as refrigerators. The threats associated with reduced ozone", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1324054", "chunk_text": "Chlorofluorocarbon\nexceptions. While the production and consumption of CFCs are regulated under the Montreal Protocol, emissions from existing banks of CFCs are not regulated under the agreement. In 2002, there were an estimated 5,791 kilotons of CFCs in existing products such as refrigerators, air conditioners, aerosol cans and others. Approximately one-third of these CFCs are projected to be emitted over the next decade if action is not taken, posing a threat to both the ozone layer and the climate. A proportion of these CFCs can be safely captured and destroyed. In 1978 the United States banned the use of CFCs such", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "866571", "chunk_text": "Cyc\npublicized this need, and organized a meeting at Stanford in 1983 to consider the problem; the back-of-the-envelope calculations by them and colleagues including Marvin Minsky, Allen Newell, Edward Feigenbaum, and John McCarthy indicated that that effort would require between 1000 and 3000 person-years of effort, hence not fit into the standard academic project model. Fortuitously, events within a year of that meeting enabled that Manhattan-Project-sized effort to get underway. The project was started in July,1984 as the flagship project of the 400-person Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation, a research consortium started by two dozen large United States based corporations \"\"to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7958500", "chunk_text": "Tetrafluoromethane\ngreenhouse gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect. It is very stable, has an atmospheric lifetime of 50,000 years, and a high greenhouse warming potential of 6500 (which is given for the first 100 years thereof, CO has a factor of 1); however, the low amount in the atmosphere restricts the overall radiative forcing effect. Although structurally similar to chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), tetrafluoromethane does not deplete the ozone layer. This is because the depletion is caused by the chlorine atoms in CFCs, which dissociate when struck by UV radiation. Carbon–fluorine bonds are stronger and less likely to dissociate. According to Guinness", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12043474", "chunk_text": "\"Organofluorine chemistry\"\nof the noble gas compounds, e.g. XeF, provided a host of new reagents starting in the early 1960s. In the 1970s, fluorodeoxyglucose was established as a useful reagent in F positron emission tomography. In Nobel Prize-winning work, CFC's were shown to contribute to the depletion of atmospheric ozone. This discovery alerted the world to the negative consequences of organofluorine compounds and motivated the development of new routes to organofluorine compounds. In 2002, the first C-F bond-forming enzyme, fluorinase, was reported. Only a few organofluorine compounds are acutely bioactive and highly toxic, such as fluoroacetate and perfluoroisobutene. Some organofluorine compounds pose", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17825369", "chunk_text": "\"CFM International CFM56\"\nclimb to altitude. The problem has been long-standing. In 1998, two 737 pilots reported that their engine throttles suddenly increased to full thrust during flight. A very recent investigation has led to the tentative conclusion that the problem originates in the Hydromechanical unit, and may involve an unacceptable level of fuel contamination (with water, or particulate matter, including biodegradable material that create solids in the fuel), or overuse of biocides to reduce bacterial growth. Boeing told \"\"Aviation Week and Space Technology\"\" that CFM International had revised its FADEC software. The new software \"\"...'reduces the duration and degree of thrust-instability events'", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15181415", "chunk_text": "\"Montreal Protocol\"\nincluding most of the major CFC producers, signed the Vienna Convention, which established a framework for negotiating international regulations on ozone-depleting substances. After the discovery of the ozone hole by SAGE 2 it only took 18 months to reach a binding agreement in Montreal, Canada. But the CFC industry did not give up that easily. As late as 1986, the Alliance for Responsible CFC Policy (an association representing the CFC industry founded by DuPont) was still arguing that the science was too uncertain to justify any action. In 1987, DuPont testified before the US Congress that \"\"We believe there is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6536765", "chunk_text": "Chlorofluorocarbon\nfor fire suppression on military aircraft began at least as early as the 1920s. \"\"Freon\"\" is a trade name for a group of CFCs which are used primarily as refrigerants, but also have uses in fire-fighting and as propellants in aerosol cans. Bromomethane is widely used as a fumigant. Dichloromethane is a versatile industrial solvent. The Belgian scientist Frédéric Swarts pioneered the synthesis of CFCs in the 1890s. He developed an effective exchange agent to replace chloride in carbon tetrachloride with fluoride to synthesize CFC-11 (CClF) and CFC-12 (CClF). In the late 1920s, Thomas Midgley, Jr. improved the process of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5886676", "chunk_text": "Thermophoresis\nliquid mixtures was first observed and reported by Carl Ludwig in 1856 and further understood by Charles Soret in 1879. James Clerk Maxwell wrote in 1873 concerning mixtures of different types of molecules (and this could include small particulates larger than molecules): It has been analyzed theoretically by Sydney Chapman. Thermophoresis at solids interfaces was numerically discovered by Schoen et al. in 2006 and was experimentally confirmed by Barreiro et al. Negative thermophoresis in fluids was first noticed in 1967 by Dwyer in a theoretical solution, and the name was coined by Sone. Negative thermophoresis at solids interfaces was first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6536776", "chunk_text": "Chlorofluorocarbon\nas Freon in aerosol cans, the beginning of a long series of regulatory actions against their use. The critical DuPont manufacturing patent for Freon (\"\"Process for Fluorinating Halohydrocarbons\"\", U.S. Patent #3258500) was set to expire in 1979. In conjunction with other industrial peers DuPont formed a lobbying group, the \"\"Alliance for Responsible CFC Policy,\"\" to combat regulations of ozone-depleting compounds. In 1986 DuPont, with new patents in hand, reversed its previous stance and publicly condemned CFCs. DuPont representatives appeared before the Montreal Protocol urging that CFCs be banned worldwide and stated that their new HCFCs would meet the worldwide demand", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6536759", "chunk_text": "Chlorofluorocarbon\n(CFH) and −128 °C (CF). The CFCs have still higher boiling points because the chloride is even more polarizable than fluoride. Because of their polarity, the CFCs are useful solvents, and their boiling points make them suitable as refrigerants. The CFCs are far less flammable than methane, in part because they contain fewer C-H bonds and in part because, in the case of the chlorides and bromides, the released halides quench the free radicals that sustain flames. The densities of CFCs are higher than their corresponding alkanes. In general, the density of these compounds correlates with the number of chlorides.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "730961", "chunk_text": "\"Carbon dioxide cleaning\"\nmachined parts degreasing. Carbon dioxide cleaning was contemplated in the 1930s, and the \"\"pellet\"\" approach was developed in the 1970s by E.E. Rice, C.H. Franklin, and C.C. Wong. The introduction of CO snow cleaning, with its ability to remove sub-micron-scale particles, is credited to Stuart Hoenig of the University of Arizona, who first published on the topic in 1985-1986. Hoenig traveled the US to demonstrate the technology, eventually attracting the interest of The BOC Group, which developed Venturi nozzles for the process, and Hughes Aircraft, which developed straight nozzles. CO snow cleaning was further developed by the Fraunhofer Institute for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "943296", "chunk_text": "\"Critical point (thermodynamics)\"\nvapor disappears beyond the critical point has been challenged by Fisher and Widom who identified a p,T-line that separates states with different asymptotic statistical properties (Fisher-Widom line). The existence of a critical point was first discovered by Charles Cagniard de la Tour in 1822 and named by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1860 and Thomas Andrews in 1869. Cagniard showed that CO could be liquefied at 31 °C at a pressure of 73 atm, but not at a slightly higher temperature, even under pressures as high as 3,000 atm. Solving the above condition formula_3 for the van der Waals equation, one can", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6536785", "chunk_text": "Chlorofluorocarbon\nair-conditioning, refrigeration, blowing agents in foams, insulations and packing materials, propellants in aerosol cans, and as solvents. The entry of CFCs into the ocean makes them extremely useful as transient tracers to estimate rates and pathways of ocean circulation and mixing processes. However, due to production restrictions of CFCs in the 1980s, atmospheric concentrations of CFC-11 and CFC-12 has stopped increasing, and the CFC-11 to CFC-12 ratio in the atmosphere have been steadily decreasing, making water dating of water masses more problematic. Incidentally, production and release of sulfur hexafluoride (SF) have rapidly increased in the atmosphere since the 1970s. Similar", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15457866", "chunk_text": "\"W. Wesley Peterson\"\nW. Wesley Peterson William Wesley Peterson (April 22, 1924 – May 6, 2009) was an American mathematician and computer scientist. He was best known for designing the cyclic redundancy check (CRC), for which research he was awarded the Japan Prize in 1999. Peterson was born on April 22, 1924 in Muskegon, Michigan and earned his Ph.D. in 1954 from the University of Michigan. Peterson was a professor of Information and Computer Sciences at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, joining the faculty in 1964. He started work at IBM in 1954. He authored the publication of algebraic coding theory \"\"Error", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15709058", "chunk_text": "Greenpeace\nSciences supported the ozone \"\"depletion hypothesis.\"\" Its suffering large losses from chlorinated and nitrogenous compounds was reported in 1985. Earlier studies had led some countries to enact bans on aerosol sprays, so that the Vienna Convention was signed in 1985 the Montreal Protocol was signed in 1987 to go in force two years later. The use of CFCs and HCFCs in refrigeration were and are among the banned technologies. A German technological institute developed an ozone-safe hydrocarbon alternative refrigerant which came to a Greenpeace campaigner's attention in around 1992. The rights to the technology were donated to Greenpeace, which maintained", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5497245", "chunk_text": "\"Ozone layer\"\nsprays that damage the ozone layer. The European Community rejected an analogous proposal to do the same. In the U.S., chlorofluorocarbons continued to be used in other applications, such as refrigeration and industrial cleaning, until after the discovery of the Antarctic ozone hole in 1985. After negotiation of an international treaty (the Montreal Protocol), CFC production was capped at 1986 levels with commitments to long-term reductions. This allowed for a ten-year phase-in for developing countries (identified in Article 5 of the protocol). Since that time, the treaty was amended to ban CFC production after 1995 in the developed countries, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20742767", "chunk_text": "Dichlorodifluoromethane\nDichlorodifluoromethane Dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) is a colorless gas usually sold under the brand name Freon-12, and a chlorofluorocarbon halomethane (CFC) used as a refrigerant and aerosol spray propellant. Complying with the Montreal Protocol, its manufacture was banned in developed countries (non-article 5 countries) in 1996, and developing countries (article 5 countries) in 2010 due to concerns about its damaging impact to the ozone layer. Its only allowed usage is as fire retardant in submarines and aircraft. It is soluble in many organic solvents. Dichlorodifluoromethane was one of the original propellants for Silly String. R-12 cylinders are colored white. It is also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9174574", "chunk_text": "\"James Lovelock\"\nozone layer by the photolysis of CFCs was later discovered by Sherwood Rowland and Mario Molina. After hearing a lecture on the subject of Lovelock's results, Sherwood and Molina embarked on research that resulted in the first published paper that suggested a link between stratospheric CFCs and ozone depletion in 1974 (for which they later shared the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Paul Crutzen). First formulated by Lovelock during the 1960s as a result of work for NASA concerned with detecting life on Mars, the Gaia hypothesis proposes that living and non-living parts of the Earth form a complex", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9706716", "chunk_text": "\"Vinyl fluoride\"\nin humans). Its critical point is at 54.8 °C (328 K) and 5.24 MPa. Its molecular dipole moment is 1.4 Debye and heat of vaporization is 361 kJ/kg. Vinyl fluoride Vinyl fluoride is an organic halide with the chemical formula CHF. It is a colorless gas with a faint etherlike odor. It is used as the monomeric precursor to the fluoropolymer polyvinylfluoride. It was first prepared in 1901 by Frédéric Swarts, the Belgian chemist who was the first to prepare CFCs in 1892. Swarts used the reaction of zinc with 1,1-difluoro-2-bromoethane. It is produced industrially by two routes, one being", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15882535", "chunk_text": "\"Burkholderia cepacia complex\"\nfirst described as a human pathogen in the 1950s. It was first isolated in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) in 1977 when it was known as \"\"Pseudomonas cepacia\"\". In the 1980s, outbreaks of \"\"B. cepacia\"\" in individuals with CF were associated with a 35% death rate. \"\"B. cepacia\"\" has a large genome, containing twice the amount of genetic material as \"\"E. coli\"\". Burkholderia cepacia complex Burkholderia cepacia\"\" complex (BCC), or simply Burkholderia cepacia\"\", is a group of catalase-producing, lactose-nonfermenting, Gram-negative bacteria composed of at least 20 different species, including \"\"B. cepacia\"\", \"\"B. multivorans\"\", \"\"B. cenocepacia\"\", \"\"B. vietnamiensis\"\", \"\"B. stabilis\"\", \"\"B.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13983914", "chunk_text": "\"Montreal Protocol\"\nis required to meet the needs of developing countries\"\" shall accept a series of stepped limits on CFC use and production, including: There was a faster phase-out of halon-1211, -2402, -1301, There was a slower phase-out (to zero by 2010) of other substances (halon 1211, 1301, 2402; CFCs 13, 111, 112, etc.) and some chemicals were given individual attention (Carbon tetrachloride; 1,1,1-trichloroethane). The phasing-out of the less damaging HCFCs only began in 1996 and will go on until a complete phasing-out is achieved by 2030. There were a few exceptions for \"\"essential uses\"\", where no acceptable substitutes were initially found", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3349	who has sold more albums kelly or carrie?	n/a	[ "Carrie", "Carrie Underwood" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12605244", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood discography\"\nin 2018. Underwood has sold in excess of 65 million records globally. In the United States, she remains the best-selling album artist from \"\"American Idol\"\" franchise with a total of 16.3 million albums sold. She is the top country artist and the fifth highest-certified female artist on the RIAA Top Artists (Digital Singles) Ranking. She is also the fourth biggest album seller among artists who have debuted the past 13 years. Underwood has accumulated 85 \"\"Billboard\"\" number-ones. She has had 15 singles top the \"\"Billboard\"\" Country Airplay, and 14 singles top the Hot Country Songs. Underwood has the longest streak", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "486312", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nand earned her a Grammy Award. Her fifth album, \"\"Storyteller\"\" (2015), made her the only country artist to have all first five studio albums reach either numbers one or two on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200. With her sixth album, \"\"Cry Pretty\"\" (2018), she became the only woman in history to hit the top of the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 chart with four country albums, and had the biggest week for any album by a woman in 2018. One of the most successful artists in any musical genre, Underwood has sold more than 65 million records worldwide. Recognized by \"\"Billboard\"\" as Country Music's reigning", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "486403", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\n\"\"Idol\"\" success story. \"\"Forbes\"\" has declared Underwood the most successful American Idol winner of all time, with more albums sold and more revenue generated than any of the other contestants in the show's 15 seasons. Underwood had a fast commercial impact on the music industry, with her debut album, \"\"Some Hearts\"\", becoming the fastest-selling debut country album in the history of the SoundScan era, the best-selling solo female debut album in country music history, the best-selling Country album of the last 14 years, and the best-selling album by an American Idol alum in the US. With her debut single, \"\"Inside", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8946122", "chunk_text": "\"Sarah Kelly\"\nSarah Kelly Sarah Jean Kelly (born September 13, 1976) is a contemporary Christian artist from Rockford, Illinois. She was signed to Gotee Records, a Christian label under EMI. Kelly is a two time Grammy Award nominee for albums \"\"Take Me Away\"\" and \"\"Where The Past Meets Today\"\" in the category of Best Rock Or Rap Gospel Album. Her music has compared to mainstream artists Sheryl Crow, Janis Joplin, Norah Jones, Carole King, and Sarah McLachlan. She runs a music school in The Woodlands, TX. Kelly is married to Jonas Ekman whom she met at a concert in Sweden. They were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "486402", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nmusic across many genres. In 2013, she received Artist Achievement Award at the 38th Annual New York Honors Gala held by the T.J. Martell Foundation. In 2014, she was honored by the Country Radio Broadcasters' Board of Directors with the CRB Artist Humanitarian Award at the 2014 Country Radio Seminar. Regarded as one of the most successful artists in any musical genre, , Underwood has sold more than 65 million records worldwide. In the US, she has sold 16.3 million albums making her the best-selling album artist in history of the \"\"American Idol\"\" franchise, with \"\"Billboard\"\" calling her the ultimate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13952115", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood discography\"\nCarrie Underwood discography American singer and songwriter Carrie Underwood has released six studio albums and 31 singles. Underwood rose to fame after winning the fourth season of \"\"American Idol\"\" in 2005. Her debut album, \"\"Some Hearts\"\", was released in 2005 and is the fastest-selling debut country album in Nielsen SoundScan history. It also became the best-selling solo female country debut in Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) history, as well as the top-selling debut album of any \"\"American Idol\"\" contestant in the United States. Her second album, \"\"Carnival Ride\"\", was released in 2007 and debuted at number one on the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3949376", "chunk_text": "\"Chris Daughtry\"\nmember present on the album. In its ninth week of release, \"\"Daughtry\"\" reached number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" chart. Chris Daughtry is now the third most successful \"\"American Idol\"\" contestant in terms of record sales, behind only Kelly Clarkson and Carrie Underwood, who both won their respective seasons. At the 50th Grammy Awards, the band was nominated for Best Rock Song for the single \"\"It's Not Over\"\". Since the band's first album, Chris Daughtry has collaborated with several artists, including Slash, Sevendust, Theory of a Deadman, Chad Kroeger, Brad Arnold, Vince Gill and Carlos Santana. He is known for his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17428444", "chunk_text": "\"Play On (Carrie Underwood album)\"\nher first two discs. \"\"Play On\"\", though saddled with its share of loose songwriting, is a convincing reminder of a blonde, budding talent.\"\" The album debuted at number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Top Country Albums Chart, as well as the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200, with first week sales of 318,000 copies, and rated as the highest first week sales for a female artist in 2009, before being overtaken by Susan Boyle a few weeks later. In its second week, the album slipped to number three with sales of 128,000. \"\"Play On\"\" spent nine consecutive weeks at number two in Top Country Albums", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "486408", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nseller of the past 10 years in the United States. With her sixth studio album opening at number one on Billboard's Top 200 Albums chart, Underwood broke several records: she was the first woman in history to launch four country albums to number one there, as well as the first female country artist to top Billboard's The Artist 100 chart. Underwood has had many endorsements throughout her career. She has signed multimillion-dollar deals with Skechers, Target, Nintendo, Olay, Nicole by OPI, Hershey's, Almay and Dick's Sporting Goods. In 2005, Underwood appeared in a Skechers global advertising campaign. In 2007, Underwood", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "282850", "chunk_text": "\"Kelly Clarkson\"\nDr. Luke, Martin, and DioGuardi, and new collaborators Howard Benson, Claude Kelly, Ryan Tedder, Glen Ballard, Matt Thiessen and Katy Perry in contributing tracks for the album. The release of \"\"All I Ever Wanted\"\" was met with positive acclaim from music critics for its lighter themes. The album was a commercial success, debuting at number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 and staying there for two weeks. The album has sold over a million copies in the U.S. and garnered Clarkson a nomination for Best Pop Vocal Album at the 52nd Grammy Awards. Its first single, \"\"My Life Would Suck Without", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "486405", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\npull four number-one's from one album. In 2010, with the singles of her third album, \"\"Play On\"\", she achieved ten career number-one singles on the Hot Country Songs, an achievement for which she was named by the \"\"Guinness Book of World Records\"\" as the female country artist with the most number-one hits on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs chart (since accurate sales records were introduced in the US in 1991), tied with Reba McEntire. With such a feat, she became the only female artist in country music history to have eleven consecutive top two singles; at that time, she had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "486314", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nin the history of the \"\"Billboard\"\" Country Airplay chart, with fifteen. She is the most successful \"\"American Idol\"\" winner, per \"\"Forbes\"\". \"\"Billboard\"\" named \"\"Some Hearts\"\" the number-one country album of the 2000s, and her as the top female artist on their 'Best Country Artists of the 2000s' list. She has been inducted into the Hollywood Walk of Fame, Grand Ole Opry, Oklahoma Hall of Fame, and Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame. She has received numerous awards and accolades, including seven Grammy Awards, ten \"\"Billboard\"\" Music Awards, fourteen ACM Awards, thirteen American Music Awards, nine CMA Awards, and a \"\"Guinness World", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12605245", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood discography\"\nof top ten singles on the Hot Country Songs chart at 26. Carrie Underwood discography American singer and songwriter Carrie Underwood has released six studio albums and 31 singles. Underwood rose to fame after winning the fourth season of \"\"American Idol\"\" in 2005. Her debut album, \"\"Some Hearts\"\", was released in 2005 and is the fastest-selling debut country album in Nielsen SoundScan history. It also became the best-selling solo female country debut in Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) history, as well as the top-selling debut album of any \"\"American Idol\"\" contestant in the United States. Her second album, \"\"Carnival", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "486407", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nthe longest streak of top ten singles by a country artist from the start of a career. The Recording Industry Association of America recognizes Underwood as the Top Country Artist of all time and the fifth highest-certified female artist on its Top Artists (Digital Songs) raking, with 30 million certified units. Underwood is also the highest certified Country album artist to debut in the 21st century. Since May 2011, Underwood is the Biggest \"\"American Idol\"\" Earner, with, at the time of the press release, over $66 million in tour revenues, besides her records sales. She is the fourth biggest album", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4127088", "chunk_text": "\"2000s in music\"\nthe 2000s. Beyoncé, Michelle Williams and Kelly Rowland, better known as Destiny's Child is the most successful female R&B group of all time, selling over 50 million records worldwide during the 2000s. The group has many chart topping singles worldwide, such as \"\"Survivor\"\", \"\"Say My Name\"\", \"\"Bootylicious\"\", \"\"Independent Women Part 1\"\" and \"\"Jumpin' Jumpin'\"\". Usher was named the number-one Hot 100 artist of the 2000s decade and the 2nd most successful artist of the 2000s decade. He released the album \"\"Confessions\"\" which went on to become the best-selling album of 2004 and the second best-selling album of the 2000s. He", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13910892", "chunk_text": "\"19 Recordings\"\nsuccessful programs in the history of American television. Its first winner, Kelly Clarkson, was immediately signed to RCA Records and 19 Recordings in 2002 and became 19 Recordings' most successful artist with over 20 million albums sold worldwide. Clarkson's second studio album, \"\"Breakaway\"\" (2004), also became 19 Recordings' best-selling release with worldwide sales of over 12 million copies and has won two Grammy Awards in 2006; \"\"Breakaway\"\", along with Young's second studio album, \"\"Friday's Child\"\" (2003), both became 19 Recordings' best-selling album in the United Kingdom with sales of over 1.5 million each. Clarkson's single \"\"Stronger (What Doesn't Kill You)\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "282827", "chunk_text": "\"Kelly Clarkson\"\nHer soul-influenced eighth album, \"\"Meaning of Life\"\" (2017), hit number two on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 and garnered her a record fifth Grammy Award nomination for Best Pop Vocal Album. Clarkson has sold over 25 million albums and 45 million singles worldwide. She also scored a total of over 100 number ones on the \"\"Billboard\"\" charts. Her accolades include three Grammy Awards, three MTV Video Music Awards, four American Music Awards, and two Academy of Country Music Awards. \"\"Billboard\"\" hailed Clarkson as \"\"one of pop music's greatest singers\"\" and honored her with the Powerhouse Award for her vocals. Known as a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "486311", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nin Nielsen SoundScan history and the best-selling country album of the last 15 years. Underwood won three Grammy Awards for the album, including Best New Artist. Her second album, \"\"Carnival Ride\"\", followed in 2007. It had one of the biggest ever opening weeks by a female artist and earned Underwood two Grammy Awards. Her next album, 2009's Play On, was a commercial success led by the single \"\"Cowboy Casanova\"\". Underwood's fourth album, \"\"Blown Away\"\" (2012), earned her a Grammy Award and was that year's second best-selling release by a female artist. Her first (2014) was a chart and sales success", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7920367", "chunk_text": "\"Aaron Kelly (singer)\"\nsang \"\"Somebody Like You\"\", \"\"Walking in Memphis\"\" and \"\"Fast Cars and Freedom.\"\" He also sang in group performances of \"\"The Climb\"\" and \"\"It's My Life\"\". On November 18, 2010, Kelly announced that his first single would be titled \"\"I Can't Wait for Christmas\"\" and was released on November 20, 2010. He is currently working on his debut album in Nashville. On November 19, 2010, it was revealed that Kelly is now signed to Creative Artists Agency which also manages acts such as Carrie Underwood, Faith Hill, Keith Urban and many other big artists. In March 2012, he released his first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12605240", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood discography\"\nalbum has since been certified 3× Platinum in the US, Platinum in Canada, and Gold in Australia. On June 2011, the album re-entered the Australian Albums Charts for both the ARIA National Top 50 and the Country Top 20 albums at number 14 and number one, respectively, giving Underwood her first number one album in Australia. The album was eventually certified Gold in Australia. On May 1, 2012, Underwood released her fourth album, \"\"Blown Away\"\". In the United States, it sold 267,000 albums in its first week and debuted at number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 and the Top Country", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "486310", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nCarrie Underwood Carrie Marie Underwood (born March 10, 1983) is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. She rose to fame as the winner of the fourth season of \"\"American Idol\"\", in 2005. Her debut single, \"\"Inside Your Heaven\"\", was the first country music single in history to debut at number one on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. Her debut album, \"\"Some Hearts\"\", was released in 2005. Bolstered by the huge crossover success of the singles \"\"Jesus, Take the Wheel\"\" and \"\"Before He Cheats\"\", it became the best-selling solo female debut album in country music history, the fastest-selling debut country album", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13280548", "chunk_text": "\"Ms. Kelly\"\nnine tracks to the reworked \"\"Ms. Kelly\"\", which took her solo work further into urban music markets, involving production by Scott Storch, Polow da Don, Soulshock & Karlin and singer Tank, among others. Upon its release, \"\"Ms. Kelly\"\" received generally positive reviews from most music critics and achieved reasonable commercial success, debuting at number six on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 and at number two on the US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, selling 286,746 copies in its first week, being Rowlands' highest first-week sales with a studio album to date. As a consequence, Columbia released three \"\"Deluxe\"\" reissues of the album the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20880524", "chunk_text": "\"Oops!... I Did It Again (album)\"\n1,319,193 copies. With its success, Spears held the record for the highest first-week sales by a female artist. This record was held for 15 years, only to be surpassed in November 2015 by the album \"\"25\"\" by Adele, which sold over 3.38 million albums in the United States in its first week. The album fell to number two in its second week, with additional sales of 612,000 copies. It held this position for fifteen consecutive weeks. By its fifth week of availability, \"\"Oops!... I Did It Again\"\" had sold over three million copies and had passed five million copies by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2792552", "chunk_text": "\"Kelly Price\"\nnominations, the singer sang \"\"Jesus Loves Me\"\" with Whitney Houston in what turned out to be Houston's last public performance two days before her death. In September 2009, it was announced she would be joining Deborah Cox and Tamia to form the super group The Queen Project. The women seek to empower women of all ages, races and backgrounds by doing a number of community service projects. As of early 2014, Price is working on new material for her follow-up album and is currently booked. In 2016, Kelly was included in multiple songs on rapper Kanye West's new album, \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7868595", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nDecember. The album is now certified four times Multi-Platinum by the RIAA. \"\"So Small\"\", the first single from the album, was released in July 2007 and reached No. 1 on \"\"Billboard\"\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s Hot Country Songs, topping it for three consecutive weeks. \"\"All-American Girl\"\", the second single, also reached No. 1 on the Hot Country Songs chart. The next single, \"\"Last Name\"\", reached No. 1 on the Hot Country Song chart as well. This made Underwood the first female artist to have two consecutive albums each release three number ones on this chart since Shania Twain in 1998. \"\"Just a Dream\"\", the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9232528", "chunk_text": "\"Breakaway (Kelly Clarkson album)\"\nof 2005, eventually being certified platinum in over 17 countries. To promote the album, Clarkson embarked on three international concert tours from 2005 to 2006: the Breakaway World Tour, Hazel Eyes Tour, and the Addicted Tour. \"\"Billboard\"\" placed the album 77th in the \"\"Greatest of All Time Billboard 200 Albums\"\". In early 2004, Clarkson began working on new material for her second studio album, which followed her successful debut album \"\"Thankful\"\" (2003), while co-headlining the Independent Tour with Clay Aiken, the runner-up from the second season of \"\"American Idol\"\". She had also expressed intentions to record with Fantasia Barrino, who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "282880", "chunk_text": "\"Kelly Clarkson\"\nAerosmith and No Doubt. I have so many influences on me that are so different. And even country. I love Reba McEntire. I could listen to her all the time. Clarkson has scored 100 number ones on the \"\"Billboard\"\" charts and sold over 25 million albums and 45 million singles worldwide, including 14 million albums and 35 million digital singles in the United States alone. She became the first artist to top each of \"\"Billboard\"\"s pop, adult contemporary, adult pop, country and dance charts. She was ranked nineteenth on VH1's list of 100 Greatest Women in Music. Television channel Fuse", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5722126", "chunk_text": "\"American Idol contestants discography\"\nby fourth winner Carrie Underwood (best-selling contestant in the United States) with 15 million albums sold worldwide. By the end of 2009, all the contestants had 257 number one singles in the Billboard charts and have sold over 66 million albums worldwide and 56 million singles in US alone American Idol contestants discography This is a comprehensive listing of official post-\"\"Idol\"\" releases by various contestants of the television show American Idol. All of the compilations and singles of the show as well as most of its contestants' singles and albums were released by 19 Recordings with Sony Music Entertainment (the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "486387", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nat the 46th annual American Music Awards on October 9, also winning one award for Favorite Female Country Artist. \"\"Cry Pretty\"\" debuted at number one in over 20 countries and number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200, setting several records upon arrival. Underwood is the first woman to hit the top of the Billboard 200 chart with four country albums. \"\"Cry Pretty's\"\" debut frame of 266,000 units is the biggest week for any album by a woman and a country album in 2018. This was Underwood’s seventh consecutive album to debut at No. 1 on the Top Country Albums chart. \"\"Cry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11617685", "chunk_text": "\"Shania Twain\"\nShania Twain Shania Twain, OC (; born Eilleen Regina Edwards; August 28, 1965) is a Canadian singer and songwriter. She has sold over 100 million records, making her the best-selling female artist in country music history and among the best-selling music artists of all time. Her success garnered her several honorific titles including the \"\"Queen of Country Pop\"\". Raised in Timmins, Ontario, Twain pursued singing and songwriting from a young age before signing with Mercury Nashville Records in the early 1990s. Her self-titled debut studio album saw little commercial success upon release in 1993. After collaborating with producer and later", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5722125", "chunk_text": "\"American Idol contestants discography\"\nAmerican Idol contestants discography This is a comprehensive listing of official post-\"\"Idol\"\" releases by various contestants of the television show American Idol. All of the compilations and singles of the show as well as most of its contestants' singles and albums were released by 19 Recordings with Sony Music Entertainment (the general record company associated and affiilated with the Idol series in most countries through its RCA/Jive Label Group) from 2002–2010 and with Universal Music Group (through its Interscope-Geffen-A&M Label Group) from 2011 onwards. The first winner Kelly Clarkson remains the best-selling contestant worldwide with 20 million albums sold followed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "486423", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\n2015, $26 million between 2015 and 2016, and $20 million between 2016 and 2017, totalling $166 million in her career. She had earned over $83 million by 2014, being named the top-earning \"\"Idol\"\" alum of all time. In 2010, Underwood and Fisher bought a mansion on eleven acres near Ottawa, Canada in the luxurious Spruce Ridge district. The couple later put the mansion up for sale at an asking price of $2.2 million. In 2012, the couple bought a cottage outside of Nashville. They use the cottage for weekend getaways. Oprah toured the cottage and interviewed Underwood and Fisher there", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7868665", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nis the greatest thing that \"\"American Idol\"\" ever gave us\"\". She was inducted into the Oklahoma Hall of Fame in 2017, and the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2018, for her achievements in music. Underwood has influenced pop girl group Fifth Harmony, singer Mollie King of British pop girl group The Saturdays, singer Kelsea Ballerini, \"\"The Voice\"\" winner Danielle Bradbery, \"\"American Idol\"\" runner-up Lauren Alaina, and singer and actress Lucy Hale. Underwood has been the recipient of seven Grammy Awards, ten Billboard Music Awards, fourteen Academy of Country Music Awards, thirteen American Music Awards, nine Country Music Association Awards, seven", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "486323", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nit was the best-selling female country album of 2005, 2006, and 2007. \"\"Some Hearts\"\" has since become the fastest-selling debut country album in the history of the SoundScan era, the best-selling solo female debut album in country music history, the best-selling Country album of the last 14 years, and the best-selling album by an \"\"American Idol\"\" alumni in the US. The album is certified eight times platinum by the RIAA, the highest album certification of any country artist to emerge since 2000. The album's second single, \"\"Jesus, Take the Wheel\"\" was released to radio in October and later peaked at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1741133", "chunk_text": "\"Idol (franchise)\"\nClay Aiken (second place, season 2) and Chris Daughtry (fourth place, season 5, through his band Daughtry), who have each outsold all \"\"American Idol\"\" winners except Kelly Clarkson and Carrie Underwood; Jennifer Hudson (seventh place, season 3), who would later win the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress; and William Hung, who turned his off-key season 3 audition into a recording career and has outsold some finalists. Often, a studio compilation album and/or a CD single is made to promote the show. In some cases, DVDs of highlights of the show will be released. While these releases have sold well", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9449284", "chunk_text": "\"R. Kelly\"\nalbum that Kelly allowed other record producers to contribute on his album, as opposed to producing the entire album himself, and his first time collaborating with various artists on his album. The album remains Kelly's biggest selling album to date having sold 8 million copies in the United States and 4 million copies internationally. \"\"R.\"\" reached number one on the R&B albums chart, becoming Kelly's third number one album to do so, and entered at number two on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 chart. It spawned Kelly's second number one hit on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, \"\"I'm Your Angel\"\", a duet with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8288952", "chunk_text": "\"Kelly Clarkson discography\"\nI Ever Wanted\"\", which contained elements of a more pop-oriented sound. The album debuted at the top of the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 and became a commercial success. Its lead single \"\"My Life Would Suck Without You\"\", became an international hit; it topped the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 by breaking the record previously held by Britney Spears' \"\"Womanizer\"\" for the biggest jump to number one in the chart's history and topped the charts in the United Kingdom, Canada and Hungary. Four subsequent singles, \"\"I Do Not Hook Up\"\", \"\"Already Gone\"\", \"\"All I Ever Wanted\"\" and \"\"Cry\"\", were released, with the foremost two becoming", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7868597", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nPlatinum by the RIAA, for selling more than one million copies each. In January 2008, Underwood embarked on a joint tour with Keith Urban named the \"\"Love, Pain and the Whole Crazy Carnival Ride Tour\"\", with dates fixed nationwide that continued through April. She then started her headlined tour, the Carnival Ride Tour, in February 2008, with dates across all North America, and ended it on December 14, 2008, playing to 1.2 million fans throughout the tour and being named the top-selling country female touring artist of 2008. At the end of 2007, Underwood topped five \"\"Billboard\"\" Year-End charts, including", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6521126", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nprior to their victory over the Winnipeg Jets in Game 2 of the second round of the 2018 Stanley Cup Playoffs. Headlining Co-headlining Carrie Underwood Carrie Marie Underwood (born March 10, 1983) is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. She rose to fame as the winner of the fourth season of \"\"American Idol\"\", in 2005. Her debut single, \"\"Inside Your Heaven\"\", was the first country music single in history to debut at number one on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. Her debut album, \"\"Some Hearts\"\", was released in 2005. Bolstered by the huge crossover success of the singles \"\"Jesus, Take", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "486322", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\n15, 2005, entering the \"\"Billboard\"\" charts with 315,000 copies sold, debuting at No. 1 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Top Country Albums and at No. 2 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200. The large first week sales of \"\"Some Hearts\"\" made it the biggest debut of any country artist since the advent of the SoundScan system in 1991. \"\"Some Hearts\"\" became the best-selling album of 2006 in all genres in the United States. The album was also the best-selling country album of both 2006 and 2007, making Underwood the first female artist in \"\"Billboard\"\" history to earn back-to-back honors for Top Country Album. Additionally,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11668912", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Rodriguez\"\non the NPR radio programs: Latino USA, Mountain Stage, A Prairie Home Companion, and World Cafe. In August 2011 she toured the U.S. with Jeff Bridges, with whom she also appeared on \"\"Austin City Limits\"\", \"\"Today\"\", \"\"Live with Regis and Kelly\"\", \"\"The Colbert Report\"\" and \"\"The Tonight Show with Jay Leno\"\". Carrie also helped co-produce the album \"\"The Fantastic Expedition\"\", by Erik & Sanne, released June 5, 2012, pulling together many Texas musicians, such as Earl Poole Ball (Johnny Cash's piano player), Lloyd Maines (father of Dixie Chicks member Natalie Maines), Luke Jacobs, and more. She even played fiddle on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9605311", "chunk_text": "\"Kelly (Kelly Price album)\"\nKelly (Kelly Price album) Kelly is the fifth studio album by American R&B singer-songwriter Kelly Price released on May 3, 2011 on the labels My Block Records and Malaco Records. The album was preceded by the release of three singles, \"\"Tired\"\", \"\"Not My Daddy\"\" (featuring Stokley Williams) and \"\"Himaholic\"\". Andy Kellman from AllMusic gave a positive review of the album stating \"\"Four and a half years after releasing a contemporary gospel album on Gospocentric, Kelly Price returns to secular R&B on producer Warryn Campbell's My Block label. On Kelly, Price collaborates extensively with Campbell (Mary Mary, Alicia Keys, Brandy), who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8288955", "chunk_text": "\"Kelly Clarkson discography\"\n2015, which spawned the singles \"\"Heartbeat Song\"\", \"\"Invincible\"\" and \"\"Piece by Piece\"\". She released her eighth studio album, \"\"Meaning of Life\"\", on October 2017. The album included the singles \"\"Love So Soft\"\", \"\"I Don't Think About You\"\", and \"\"Heat\"\". Clarkson has sold over 25 million albums and 45 million singles worldwide, including 14 million albums and 35 million digital singles in the United States alone. Kelly Clarkson discography American singer Kelly Clarkson has released eight studio albums, four extended plays, one compilation album, one remix album, and 42 singles (including four as a featured artist). In 2002, she won the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2470359", "chunk_text": "\"Britney Spears\"\nCandie's, which was released in stores in July 2010. In September 2010, she made a cameo appearance on a Spears-themed tribute episode of American TV show \"\"Glee\"\", titled \"\"Britney/Brittany\"\". The episode drew \"\"Glee\"\"'s highest ratings ever. In March 2011, Spears released her seventh studio album \"\"Femme Fatale\"\". The album peaked at number one in the United States, Canada, and Australia, and peaked inside the top ten on nearly every other chart. Its peak in the United States ties Britney with Mariah Carey and Janet Jackson for the third-most number ones among women. It has sold 1,000,000 copies in the United", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2742248", "chunk_text": "\"25 (Adele album)\"\nToo Late\"\", which combined to sell 2.885 million copies in 2015). \"\"25\"\" sold more copies in its first week than the next two fastest-selling albums by female artists combined–Britney Spears's \"\"Oops!... I Did It Again\"\", which sold 1.319 million in its first week, and Swift's \"\"1989\"\", which sold 1.287 million in its first week. It was stated by \"\"Billboard\"\" on 5 January 2016 that in 2015, overall album sales both digital and physical experienced a 6% decline compared to 2014. \"\"25\"\" is credited to having eased the decline of the continuing downfall of album sales. It was also noted that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3321372", "chunk_text": "\"Breakaway (Kelly Clarkson album)\"\nthe top twenty of the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 for 61 consecutive weeks, and became the first title in five years to spend its entire year in the top twenty of the chart. By the end of 2005, \"\"Breakaway\"\" became the year's third best-selling album in the United States, according to Nielsen Soundscan. It was certified 6× multi-platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America on May 23, 2007, and as of September 2017, it has sold over 6,355,000 copies in the United States, becoming her best-selling record in the region. \"\"Breakaway\"\" has also enjoyed commercial success internationally; it became her first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6844231", "chunk_text": "\"Kelly Clarkson\"\nKelly Clarkson Kelly Brianne Clarkson (born April 24, 1982) is an American singer and songwriter. She rose to fame in 2002 after winning the inaugural season of the television series \"\"American Idol\"\", which earned her a record deal with RCA Records. Clarkson's debut single, \"\"A Moment Like This\"\", topped the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart and became the country's best-selling single of 2002. It was followed by the release of her debut album, \"\"Thankful\"\" (2003), which debuted atop the US \"\"Billboard\"\" 200. Trying to reinvent her image, Clarkson decided to part ways with \"\"Idol\"\" management and shifted to pop rock", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16920179", "chunk_text": "\"Invasion of Privacy (album)\"\nchart. As of July 6, 2018, \"\"Invasion of Privacy\"\" is the best-performing female album of 2018 and the third overall in the United States. The album remained the largest female debut of 2018 in the country until September 2018, with the release of Carrie Underwood's \"\"Cry Pretty\"\". \"\"Invasion of Privacy\"\" also debuted atop the Canadian Albums Chart, moving 12,000 album-equivalent units. It was certified Platinum by Music Canada for shipments of 80,000 copies. The album was a commercial success internationally as well, peaking within the top ten on charts in Australia, Denmark, Finland, Flanders, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2497019", "chunk_text": "\"Claude Kelly\"\nthe Britney Spears song \"\"Circus\"\", which he wrote with Dr. Luke and Benny Blanco and reached #3 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, and #1 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Pop Songs and Billboard Hot Dance Club Play charts; Kelly Clarkson's \"\"My Life Would Suck Without You\"\", which he co-wrote with Max Martin and Dr. Luke and hit #1 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100; and the Miley Cyrus single \"\"Party in the U.S.A.\"\", written with Dr. Luke and Jessie J, which spent 28 weeks on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and peaked at #2. He has been nominated for four Grammy Awards: the 2011", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13633266", "chunk_text": "\"The Kelly Family discography\"\n\"\"I Can't Help Myself\"\". Since the late 1990s, the lineup of the band has seen changes during different recording and touring phases, caused by family reasons, solo activities or other side projects. Altogether, The Kelly Family has sold more than 20 million records around the world, including 54 gold and platinum-certified albums. The 1994 single An Angel bears a remarkable similarity to Lynne Hamilton's 1979 hit \"\"On The Inside\"\" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_the_Inside_(song) The Kelly Family discography The discography of The Kelly Family, a European pop music group of American, Spanish and German heritage, consists of 21 studio albums, four of them being", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3350	who won the ncaa basketball championship in 1994?	n/a	[ "Arkansas", "Arkansas Razorbacks" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12117943", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\n1994 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament The 1994 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament involved 64 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division I college basketball. It began on March 17, 1994, and ended with the championship game on April 4 in Charlotte, North Carolina, played at Charlotte Coliseum. A total of 63 games were played. The Final Four consisted of Arkansas, making their fifth trip and first since 1990, Arizona, making their second ever trip and first since 1988, Florida, making their first ever trip, and Duke, making their sixth trip", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11457505", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nExclusive national radio coverage was provided by CBS Radio Sports. 1994 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament The 1994 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament involved 64 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division I college basketball. It began on March 17, 1994, and ended with the championship game on April 4 in Charlotte, North Carolina, played at Charlotte Coliseum. A total of 63 games were played. The Final Four consisted of Arkansas, making their fifth trip and first since 1990, Arizona, making their second ever trip and first since 1988, Florida, making", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12117944", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nin the last seven tournaments. In the national championship game, Arkansas defeated Duke by a score of 76–72 and won their first ever national championship. Corliss Williamson of Arkansas was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player. Bill Clinton, former governor of Arkansas, was in attendance for the Final Four, as well as the regionals that were held in Dallas the previous week. (Clinton was already scheduled to be in Dallas for the wedding of his brother Roger and added the basketball games to his plans.) The 1994 tournament included five new venues and four new cities. In Florida, Miami and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7043871", "chunk_text": "\"1993–94 NCAA Division I men's basketball season\"\n1993–94 NCAA Division I men's basketball season The 1993–94 NCAA Division I men's basketball season concluded in the 64-team 1994 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament whose finals were held at the Charlotte Coliseum in Charlotte, North Carolina. The Arkansas Razorbacks earned their first national championship by defeating the Duke Blue Devils 76–72 on April 4, 1994. They were coached by Nolan Richardson and the NCAA Basketball Tournament Most Outstanding Player was Arkansas' Corliss Williamson. In the 32-team 1994 National Invitation Tournament, the Villanova Wildcats defeated the Vanderbilt Commodores at Madison Square Garden in New York City. Following the season,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18276459", "chunk_text": "\"1994–95 NCAA Division I men's basketball season\"\n1994–95 NCAA Division I men's basketball season The 1994–95 NCAA Division I men's basketball season concluded in the 64-team 1995 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament whose finals were held at the Kingdome in Seattle, Washington. The UCLA Bruins earned their eleventh national championship by defeating the Arkansas Razorbacks 89–78 on April 3, 1995. They were coached by Jim Harrick and the NCAA Basketball Tournament Most Outstanding Player was UCLA's Ed O'Bannon. In the 32-team 1995 National Invitation Tournament, the Virginia Tech Hokies defeated the Marquette Warriors at Madison Square Garden in New York City. Following the season, the 1995", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10535400", "chunk_text": "\"1993 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\n1993 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament The 1993 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament involved 64 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division I college basketball. It began on March 18, 1993, and ended with the championship game on April 5 in New Orleans, Louisiana. A total of 63 games were played. North Carolina, coached by Dean Smith, won the national title with a 77–71 victory in the final game over Michigan, coached by Steve Fisher. Donald Williams of North Carolina was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player. The most memorable play", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10512030", "chunk_text": "\"1995 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nand second in three years, and Arkansas, the defending national champions. The championship game saw UCLA win their eleventh national championship and first (and only) national title under Jim Harrick by defeating Arkansas 89–78, foiling the Razorbacks' hopes of back to back national titles. UCLA's Ed O'Bannon was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player. As of 2018, this is the most recent NCAA Tournament that Duke has not participated in. For the third and final time, the Kingdome served as the host venue for the Final Four. It would be the last tournament games at the multipurpose stadium, which was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2577539", "chunk_text": "\"1995 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\n1995 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament The 1995 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament involved 64 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division I college basketball. It began on March 16, 1995, and ended with the championship game on April 3 at the Kingdome in Seattle, Washington. A total of 63 games were played. The Final Four consisted of UCLA, making their fifteenth appearance and first since the 1980 team that eventually saw their appearance vacated, Oklahoma State, making their fifth appearance and first since 1951, North Carolina, making their twelfth appearance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13087900", "chunk_text": "\"Nolan Richardson\"\nby coaxing Sheryl Swoopes out of retirement, but after a 1-10 start, Richardson resigned on July 8, 2011. †Nolan was replaced by interim coach Mike Anderson before end of season. Nolan Richardson Nolan Richardson Jr. (born December 27, 1941) is a former American basketball head coach best known for his tenure at the University of Arkansas, where he won the 1994 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. Elected to the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame in 2008 and the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2014, Richardson coached teams to winning a Division I Basketball National Championship, an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18346312", "chunk_text": "\"1994–95 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team\"\nUConn to advance to the Final Four. There they defeated Oklahoma State and Arkansas to win the National Championship, marking the school's 11th title. It was the first title since the 1975 Championship and since the retirement of head coach John Wooden. The team featured seniors Ed O'Bannon, Tyus Edney, and George Zidek; Ed's younger brother, Charles O'Bannon; and a pair of freshmen in Toby Bailey and J. R. Henderson (now known as J. R. Sakuragi). Little-used reserve Bob Myers is now general manager of the NBA's Golden State Warriors. !colspan=9 style=\|Regular Season !colspan=12 style=\"\"background:#;\"\"\| NCAA Tournament Source: 1994–95 UCLA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3824244", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NCAA Division I Women's Basketball Tournament\"\nless than a second on the clock, but North Carolina had the ball. With 0.7 seconds left, there was just enough time to catch and shoot. The ball was inbounded to Charlotte Smith who had made only eight three pointers on 31 attempts during the season. Smith launched the ball, but never saw what happened as her vision was blocked. Her teammates mobbed her, and she realized she had hit the shot to complete one of the most dramatic finishes in NCAA Championship history. North Carolina won the Championship 60–59. Sixty-four teams were selected to participate in the 1994 NCAA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15492591", "chunk_text": "\"1995 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game\"\n1995 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game The 1995 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game was the finals of the 1995 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament and it determined the national champion for the 1994-95 NCAA Division I men's basketball season The 1995 National Title Game was played on April 3, 1995 at the Kingdome in Seattle, Washington. The 1995 National Title Game was played between the 1995 West Regional Champions, #1-seeded UCLA and the 1995 Midwest Regional Champions, #2-seeded Arkansas. This was the last national championship game that was played in a western state until the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11283222", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nplayed Location: Springfield Civic Center <nowiki></nowiki>denotes each overtime played 1994 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament The 1994 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament involved 48 schools playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division II college basketball as a culmination of the 1993–94 NCAA Division II men's basketball season. It was won by California State University, Bakersfield and Southern Indiana's Stan Gouard was the Most Outstanding Player. <nowiki></nowiki>denotes tie Location: Felton J. Capel Arena Location: Lee Arena Location: UCR Student Recreation Center Location: Hamer Hall Location: Physical Activities Center Location: DakotaDome Location: Athletics", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14312842", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NBA Finals\"\n1994 NBA Finals The 1994 NBA Finals was the championship round of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 1993–94 season, and the culmination of the season's playoffs. The Western Conference champion Houston Rockets played the Eastern Conference champion New York Knicks for the championship, with the Rockets holding home-court advantage in the best-of-seven series. The Rockets defeated the Knicks 4 games to 3 to win the team's first NBA championship. This matchup was Hakeem Olajuwon's second NBA Finals appearance, his other being in 1986, where Larry Bird and the Boston Celtics defeated the Houston Rockets four games to two. The series", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13087888", "chunk_text": "\"Nolan Richardson\"\nNolan Richardson Nolan Richardson Jr. (born December 27, 1941) is a former American basketball head coach best known for his tenure at the University of Arkansas, where he won the 1994 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. Elected to the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame in 2008 and the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2014, Richardson coached teams to winning a Division I Basketball National Championship, an NIT championship, and a Junior College National Championship, making him the only coach to win all three championships. During his 22 seasons of coaching in NCAA Division I, Richardson made", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11283221", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament\"\n1994 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament The 1994 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament involved 48 schools playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division II college basketball as a culmination of the 1993–94 NCAA Division II men's basketball season. It was won by California State University, Bakersfield and Southern Indiana's Stan Gouard was the Most Outstanding Player. <nowiki></nowiki>denotes tie Location: Felton J. Capel Arena Location: Lee Arena Location: UCR Student Recreation Center Location: Hamer Hall Location: Physical Activities Center Location: DakotaDome Location: Athletics and Recreation Center Location: Elmore Gymnasium <nowiki></nowiki>denotes each overtime", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17321636", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\ntournament, three other teams have played the Final Four in their \"\"home cities\"\", one other team has played in its \"\"metropolitan area\"\", and six additional teams have played the Final Four in their \"\"home states\"\" through the 2015 tournament. Kentucky (1958 in Louisville), UCLA (1968 and 1972 in Los Angeles, 1975 in San Diego), and North Carolina State (1974 in Greensboro) won the national title; Louisville (1959 at its home arena, Freedom Hall); Purdue (1980 in Indianapolis) lost in the Final Four; and California (1960 in suburban San Francisco), Duke (1994 in Charlotte), Michigan State (2009 in Detroit), and Butler", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12117907", "chunk_text": "\"1992 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\n1992 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament The 1992 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament involved 64 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division I college basketball. It began on March 19, 1992, and ended with the championship game on April 6 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. A total of 63 games were played. Duke, coached by Mike Krzyzewski, defeated the Michigan Wolverines, coached by Steve Fisher, 71–51 to claim their second consecutive national championship. Bobby Hurley of Duke was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player. Michigan subsequently vacated its final two tournament games as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16739668", "chunk_text": "\"1995 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament\"\novertime played Location: Commonwealth Convention Center <nowiki></nowiki>denotes each overtime played 1995 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament The 1995 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament involved 48 schools playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division II college basketball as a culmination of the 1994-95 NCAA Division II men's basketball season. It was won by the University of Southern Indiana and UC Riverside's William Wilson was the Most Outstanding Player. <nowiki></nowiki>denotes tie Location: Memorial Field House Location: MWSC Fieldhouse Location: UCR Student Recreation Center Location: Gross Memorial Coliseum Location: Felton J. Capel Arena Location:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "80131", "chunk_text": "\"1993 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game\"\n1993 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game The 1993 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game took place on April 5, 1993 between the North Carolina Tar Heels and Michigan Wolverines at the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana. The match-up was the final one of the fifty-fifth consecutive NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship single-elimination tournament — commonly referred to as the NCAA Tournament — organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and is used to crown a national champion for men's basketball at the Division I level. The Tar Heels won their third NCAA Men's Basketball", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1723039", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NBA Playoffs\"\n1994 NBA Playoffs The 1994 NBA Playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association's 1993-94 season. The tournament concluded with the Western Conference champion Houston Rockets defeating the Eastern Conference champion New York Knicks 4 games to 3 in the NBA Finals. Hakeem Olajuwon was named NBA Finals MVP. This was also the first time that the Boston Celtics since 1979, and Los Angeles Lakers since 1976, missed the playoffs and their first-ever absence since the playoff field expanded to 16 teams in 1984. This was the first time that both missed the playoffs in the same year.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3824239", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NCAA Division I Women's Basketball Tournament\"\n1994 NCAA Division I Women's Basketball Tournament The 1994 NCAA Division I Women's Basketball Tournament featured 64 teams for the first time ever. The Final Four consisted of North Carolina, Purdue, Louisiana Tech, and Alabama, with North Carolina defeating Louisiana Tech 60-59 to win its first NCAA title on a 3-point shot by Charlotte Smith as time expired. The ball was inbounded with only 00:00.7 left on the clock, making it one of the most exciting finishes in tournament history. The Alabama team was a six seed in the Midwest region. After beating the 11 seed Oregon State, they faced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "756688", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Tournament\"\nplayed on December 11, 1994, in Davidson, North Carolina, at Richardson Stadium for the third straight year. All other matches were played at the home field of the higher seeded team. 1994 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Tournament The 1994 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Tournament was the 35th organized men's college soccer tournament by the National Collegiate Athletic Association, to determine the top college soccer team in the United States. The Virginia Cavaliers won their fifth national title, and fourth straight, by defeating the Indiana Hoosiers in the championship game, 1–0. For the first time, the top four teams", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12380142", "chunk_text": "\"Dean Smith\"\ntop seed in the East Regional of the NCAA Tournament, defeating #16-seed East Carolina (85-65), #8-seed Rhode Island (112-67), #4-seed Arkansas (80-74) and #2-seed Cincinnati (75-68) to reach the Final Four in New Orleans. In the National Semifinals, Smith's Tar Heels defeated his alma mater Kansas (coached by future North Carolina coach Roy Williams) 78-68. In 1991, the same two teams also met in the National Semifinals with Kansas prevailing and Dean Smith being ejected. The 1993 victory for UNC set up a rematch from earlier that season with #3-ranked Michigan in the Finals. The 1993 national title game was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10535401", "chunk_text": "\"1993 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nin the championship game came in the last seconds as Michigan's Chris Webber tried to call a timeout with his team down by 2 points when double-teamed by North Carolina. Michigan had already used all of its timeouts, so Webber's gaffe resulted in a technical foul. Michigan subsequently vacated its entire 1992–93 schedule, including its six NCAA Tournament games, after it emerged that Webber had received under-the-table payments from a booster. In a game that featured two great individual battles (one between Bobby Hurley and Jason Kidd, and the other between Grant Hill and Lamond Murray), two-time defending champion Duke", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18675544", "chunk_text": "\"1995 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament\"\n1995 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament The 1995 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament involved 48 schools playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division II college basketball as a culmination of the 1994-95 NCAA Division II men's basketball season. It was won by the University of Southern Indiana and UC Riverside's William Wilson was the Most Outstanding Player. <nowiki></nowiki>denotes tie Location: Memorial Field House Location: MWSC Fieldhouse Location: UCR Student Recreation Center Location: Gross Memorial Coliseum Location: Felton J. Capel Arena Location: Elmore Coliseum Location: NHC Fieldhouse Location: Riverfront Coliseum <nowiki></nowiki>denotes each", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3824246", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NCAA Division I Women's Basketball Tournament\"\nor at least one win in NCAA Tournament play: Fourteen conferences went 0-1: Big South Conference, Ivy League, MAAC, MAC, MEAC, Midwestern Collegiate, North Atlantic Conference, Northeast Conference, Ohio Valley Conference, Patriot League, Southern Conference, Southland, SWAC, and Trans America. 1994 NCAA Division I Women's Basketball Tournament The 1994 NCAA Division I Women's Basketball Tournament featured 64 teams for the first time ever. The Final Four consisted of North Carolina, Purdue, Louisiana Tech, and Alabama, with North Carolina defeating Louisiana Tech 60-59 to win its first NCAA title on a 3-point shot by Charlotte Smith as time expired. The ball", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11010769", "chunk_text": "\"1994 SEC Men's Basketball Tournament\"\n1994 SEC Men's Basketball Tournament The 1994 SEC Men's Basketball Tournament took place from March 10-13 at the Pyramid Arena in Memphis, Tennessee. The entire tournament, including the SEC Championship Game, was televised by Jefferson Pilot Sports, which at the time was in its seventh season with the syndication rights to the SEC. Play-by-play commentary was provided by Tom Hammond and Barry Booker, with sideline reports provided by Dave Baker, and Bob Kesling with the halftime reports. The Kentucky Wildcats won the SEC Tournament for an overall 19th SEC Tournament title, and receiving the automatic bid to the 1994 NCAA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15488523", "chunk_text": "\"1993 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game\"\nNational Championship, after having been victorious in 1957 and 1982 beforehand. Donald Williams was named the NCAA Basketball Tournament Most Outstanding Player for his efforts throughout the tournament. Source: <br> 1993 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game The 1993 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game took place on April 5, 1993 between the North Carolina Tar Heels and Michigan Wolverines at the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana. The match-up was the final one of the fifty-fifth consecutive NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship single-elimination tournament — commonly referred to as the NCAA Tournament — organized by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16925101", "chunk_text": "\"1994–95 NCAA Division I men's basketball season\"\nNCAA Men's Basketball All-American Consensus First team included Ed O'Bannon, Shawn Respert, Joe Smith, Jerry Stackhouse, and Damon Stoudamire. The top 25 from the pre-season AP Poll. These schools joined new conferences for the 1994–95 season. 30 conference seasons concluded with a single-elimination tournament, with only the Big Ten Conference, Ivy League and the Pac-10 Conference choosing not to conduct conference tournaments. Conference tournament winners, with the exception of the American West Conference received an automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament. <br> 1994–95 NCAA Division I men's basketball season The 1994–95 NCAA Division I men's basketball season concluded in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11281988", "chunk_text": "\"1993 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament\"\novertime played Location: Springfield Civic Center <nowiki></nowiki>denotes each overtime played 1993 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament The 1993 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament involved 32 schools playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division II college basketball as a culmination of the 1992-93 NCAA Division II men's basketball season. It was won by California State University, Bakersfield and Cal State Bakersfield's Tyrone Davis was the Most Outstanding Player. <nowiki></nowiki>denotes tie Location: Felton J. Capel Arena Location: CSUB Student Activities Center Location: Physical Activities Center Location: Pucillo Gymnasium Location: Sartain Hall Location: Hamilton", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4518038", "chunk_text": "\"1994 SEC Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nMen’s Division I Basketball Tournament by defeating the Florida Gators 73-60. 1994 SEC Men's Basketball Tournament The 1994 SEC Men's Basketball Tournament took place from March 10-13 at the Pyramid Arena in Memphis, Tennessee. The entire tournament, including the SEC Championship Game, was televised by Jefferson Pilot Sports, which at the time was in its seventh season with the syndication rights to the SEC. Play-by-play commentary was provided by Tom Hammond and Barry Booker, with sideline reports provided by Dave Baker, and Bob Kesling with the halftime reports. The Kentucky Wildcats won the SEC Tournament for an overall 19th SEC", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5542885", "chunk_text": "\"1994–95 NBA season\"\n1994–95 NBA season The 1994–95 NBA season was the 49th season of the National Basketball Association. The season ended with the Houston Rockets defeating the Orlando Magic 4 games to 0 in the NBA Finals to be crowned champions. Notes Teams in bold advanced to the next round. The numbers to the left of each team indicate the team's seeding in its conference, and the numbers to the right indicate the number of games the team won in that round. The division champions are marked by an asterisk. Home court advantage does not necessarily belong to the higher-seeded team, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10811687", "chunk_text": "\"Villanova Wildcats men's basketball\"\neight-seed and the lowest overall seed in tournament history to win the championship, and their overall team shooting percentage remains an NCAA tournament record for a single game. The game is often cited among the greatest upsets in college basketball history. Ed Pinckney, who shot 5-of-7 and had 16 points in the game, was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player. This game is featured in the book \"\"The Perfect Game\"\" by Frank Fitzpatrick. Lappas compiled a very respectable record of 174–110 (.613) during his years at Villanova. The 1994 and 1995 teams, led by Kerry Kittles, Jason Lawson, Eric Eberz,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20207810", "chunk_text": "\"1979 NCAA Division II Basketball Tournament\"\n1979 NCAA Division II Basketball Tournament The 1979 NCAA Division II Basketball Tournament involved 32 schools playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division II college basketball as a culmination of the 1978–79 NCAA Division II men's basketball season. It was won by the University of North Alabama and North Alabama's Perry Oden was the Most Outstanding Player. <nowiki></nowiki>denotes tie Location: Physical Education Building Location: Dana Center Location: Pershing Arena Location: Jenkins Fieldhouse Location: Memorial Fieldhouse Location: UNO Fieldhouse Location: Binder Physical Education Center Location: UMBC Fieldhouse <nowiki></nowiki>denotes each overtime played Location: Hammons Center", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17321670", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nwinner): Rick Pitino is the only coach to have officially taken three different teams to the Final Four: Providence (1987), Kentucky (1993, 1996, 1997) and Louisville (2005). There are 12 coaches who have officially coached two different schools to the Final Four -- Roy Williams, Eddie Sutton, Frank McGuire, Lon Kruger, Hugh Durham, Jack Gardner, Lute Olson, Gene Bartow, Forddy Anderson, Lee Rose, Bob Huggins, and Lou Henson. Point differentials, or margin of victory, can be viewed either by the championship game, or by a team's performance over the whole tournament. 30 points, by UNLV in 1990 (103–73, over Duke)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11457503", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nits future still not determined since the opening of the Golden 1 Center downtown. Additionally, the Nassau Coliseum has been renovated into a smaller-capacity building, placing its future use as a tournament site in doubt. In 1994 Charlotte became the 24th city, and the Charlotte Coliseum the 29th venue, to host the Final Four. It is the last of four arenas - including Market Square Arena in 1980, Reunion Arena in 1986, and McNichols Sports Arena in 1990 - whose primary tenant was an NBA franchise. (The Charlotte 49ers had also used the building from its opening to the previous", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9223381", "chunk_text": "\"Clint McDaniel\"\nClint McDaniel Clinton Eugene McDaniel (born February 26, 1972) is a retired American professional basketball player. A 6'4\"\" (1.93 m) guard from the University of Arkansas, McDaniel was a key member of the 1994 National Championship team that defeated Duke University, 76-72. Born and raised in Tulsa, Oklahoma, McDaniel was considered the best on ball defender in the country. McDaniel went on to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA),signing as a free agent Sacramento Kings during the 1995-96 NBA season signing with the Washington Wizards 1996-97 season but later released. He has also played professionally in Europe and in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15935241", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NBA draft\"\n1994 NBA draft The 1994 NBA draft took place on June 29, 1994, in Indianapolis. Two NBA rookies of the year were picked in the first round, as Jason Kidd and Grant Hill were co-winners of the award for the 1994–95 NBA season. Kidd and Hill would end up as perennial All-Stars (10 and 7-time selections, respectively), though Hill's career was marred by severe injuries. The first overall pick Glenn Robinson was involved in a contract holdout shortly after being selected, reportedly seeking a 13-year, $100 million contract. Both Robinson and the Milwaukee Bucks eventually agreed on a 10-year, $68", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3217481", "chunk_text": "\"Scotty Thurman\"\nScotty Thurman Scotty Thurman (born November 10, 1974) is an American former professional basketball player and current assistant coach, perhaps best known as the Arkansas Razorbacks' shooting guard who hit the high-arcing go-ahead three-pointer with 50.7 seconds left in the 1994 NCAA Basketball Championship game, helping to secure Arkansas' only national title to date in a 76–72 victory over the Duke Blue Devils. That shot is referred to as the \"\"Shot heard 'round Arkansas\"\". Thurman was named to the SEC All-Freshman Team in 1993, and was First Team All-SEC in 1994 and 1995. He also received some All-American recognition from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1825332", "chunk_text": "\"1990 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\n1990 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament The 1990 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament involved 64 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of NCAA Division I men's college basketball. It began on March 15, 1990, and ended with the championship game on April 2 in Denver, Colorado. A total of 63 games were played. UNLV, coached by Jerry Tarkanian, won the national title with a 103–73 victory in the final game over Duke, coached by Mike Krzyzewski. In doing so, UNLV set the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament record for largest margin of victory", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7043872", "chunk_text": "\"1993–94 NCAA Division I men's basketball season\"\nthe 1994 NCAA Men's Basketball All-American Consensus First team included Grant Hill, Jason Kidd, Donyell Marshall, Glenn Robinson, and Clifford Rozier. Beginning in 1993–94, the following rules changes were implemented: The top 25 from the pre-season AP and Coaches Polls. These schools joined new conferences for the 1993–94 season. 30 conference seasons concluded with a single-elimination tournament, with only the Big Ten Conference, Ivy League and the Pac-10 Conference choosing not to conduct conference tournaments. Conference tournament winners, with the exception of the East Coast Conference, received an automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament. <br> 1993–94 NCAA Division I men's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2782423", "chunk_text": "\"1994 National Invitation Tournament\"\nchampionship bracket. 1994 National Invitation Tournament The 1994 National Invitation Tournament was the 1994 edition of the annual NCAA college basketball competition. Of note, in Kansas State's 115–77 victory over Fresno State in the quarterfinals, Askia Jones of Kansas State set the NCAA postseason record of 14 three-point field goals. His final total of 62 points, spurred by nine consecutive successful three-point shots bridging the first and second halves, was also the second-highest scoring output in major-college postseason history. Below is a list of the 32 teams selected for the tournament. Below are the four first round brackets, along with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1825310", "chunk_text": "\"1987 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\n1987 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament The 1987 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament involved 64 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division I college basketball. It began on March 12, 1987, and ended with the championship game on March 30 in New Orleans, Louisiana. A total of 63 games were played. Indiana, coached by Bob Knight, won the national title with a 74–73 victory in the final game over Syracuse, coached by Jim Boeheim. Keith Smart of Indiana, who hit the game-winner in the final seconds, and intercepted the full court", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17321616", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nChampionship Game (1/2). Jacksonville lost to UCLA in the National Championship, with New Mexico State defeating St. Bonaventure for third place. Below is a table that shows the performance of mid-major teams from the Sweet Sixteen round to the National Championship Game from 1939—the tournament's first year—to 2018. This table shows mid-major teams that saw success in the tournament from now-defunct conferences or were independents. The Metro Conference, which operated from 1975 to 1995, is not listed here because it was considered a major basketball conference throughout its history. Most notably, Louisville, which was a member for the league's entire", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1825414", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nSt. Petersburg, were used for the first time. St. Petersburg would go on to host the Final Four in 1999, while this would be the only games held at Miami Arena; in 2009, the only other year that the city has hosted the tournament, the games were played at American Airlines Arena. Landover, an eastern suburb of Washington, D.C., was used for the only time; games in Washington D.C. have since been at Capital One Arena, which replaced USAir Arena as home to the city's sports teams. Sacramento became the sixth metropolitan area in California to host games. The Kansas", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19233562", "chunk_text": "\"Christian Laettner\"\nChristian Laettner Christian Donald Laettner (, ; born August 17, 1969) is a retired American basketball player whose Hall of Fame career for the Duke Blue Devils is widely regarded as one of the best in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) history. He was the star player on the back-to-back National Championship teams of 1991 and 1992. He is particularly famous for his game-winning shot against Kentucky in the 1992 regional final and for the hatred he received from opposing fans. As the NCAA player of the year, Laettner was the only collegian selected for the elite \"\"Dream Team\"\" that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11281987", "chunk_text": "\"1993 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament\"\n1993 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament The 1993 NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Tournament involved 32 schools playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division II college basketball as a culmination of the 1992-93 NCAA Division II men's basketball season. It was won by California State University, Bakersfield and Cal State Bakersfield's Tyrone Davis was the Most Outstanding Player. <nowiki></nowiki>denotes tie Location: Felton J. Capel Arena Location: CSUB Student Activities Center Location: Physical Activities Center Location: Pucillo Gymnasium Location: Sartain Hall Location: Hamilton Fieldhouse Location: NHC Fieldhouse Location: Hyslop Sports Center <nowiki></nowiki>denotes each", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19654687", "chunk_text": "\"1994 NCAA Men's Volleyball Tournament\"\n1994 NCAA Men's Volleyball Tournament The 1994 NCAA Men's Volleyball Tournament was the 25th annual tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA men's collegiate volleyball. The single elimination tournament was played at the Allen County War Memorial Coliseum in Fort Wayne, Indiana during May 1994. Penn State defeated UCLA in the final match, 3–2 (9–15, 15–13, 4–15, 15–12, 15–12), to win their first national title. The Nittany Lions (26–3) were coached by Tom Peterson. Penn State's Ramón Hernández was named the tournament's \"\"Most Outstanding Player\"\". Hernández, along with five other players, comprised the \"\"All-Tournament Team\"\". Until the creation of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1302990", "chunk_text": "\"1995 NCAA Division I Women's Basketball Tournament\"\nfor a time-out. Jamelle Elliott tied the game with just over two minutes left, then Rizzotti made a play which would be talked about for years afterward. She grabbed a rebound, then drove the length of the court against Michelle Marciniak. Just before reaching the basket, she executed a cross-over dribble and sank a left-handed layup to take a lead that would never be relinquished. UConn won the game 70–64, completing the first undefeated season in NCAA history since the 1986 Texas team, and winning the first national championship for the Connecticut Huskies team. Sixty-four teams were selected to participate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3351	where does the term jack mormon come from?	n/a	[ "Jackson County, Missouri" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14340266", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Mormon\"\nJack Mormon The term Jack Mormon is a slang term originating in nineteenth-century America. It was originally used to describe a person who was not a baptized member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints but who was friendly to church members and Mormonism, sympathized with them, and/or took an active interest in their belief system. Sometime in the early- to mid-twentieth century, however, the term began to refer to an individual deemed by adherents of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) to be an inactive or lapsed member of the LDS Church", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14340276", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Mormon\"\nas a Jack Mormon to the Brigham Young character. The term is used in its modern meaning by Wallace Stegner in his 1979 novel \"\"Recapitulation\"\", set in Salt Lake City. Jerry Joseph and the Jackmormons is a rock band from Portland, Oregon in the United States. Jack Mormon Coffee Company is a Salt Lake-based coffee roaster, located in the Historic Avenues district. American actor Jason Cloud premiered a self-produced play titled \"\"Jack Mormon\"\" in December 2017 in Vienna, Austria. Jack Mormon The term Jack Mormon is a slang term originating in nineteenth-century America. It was originally used to describe a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10567811", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Mormon\"\nDemocrats in Jackson County, Missouri. Their belief is that the term originated in Missouri, during the Kirtland period of Latter Day Saint history, circa 1834. When Church members were expelled from Jackson County by a mob, many fled to Clay County, where local citizens, mostly Democrats, were sympathetic and friendly toward the Mormons. These citizens were pejoratively labeled \"\"Jack\"\" Mormons by the antagonistic citizens of Jackson County. During the early 1980s, it was also used as a description of members of the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (FLDS Church) who broke from the church, in part,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10567817", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Mormon\"\nmeaning. Preston Nibley, a mid-20th century LDS author who had a large impact on Mormon culture and folklore, mentioned the term in its modern context during the late 1940s and used it extensively in the 1950s. Today \"\"Jack Mormon\"\" is less commonly used, but using the term is not offensive when said in a self-joking or humorous sense. The term \"\"Jack Mormon\"\" was used by author Edward Abbey in his novel \"\"The Monkey Wrench Gang\"\" to describe a character, Seldom Seen Smith, who was a Mormon and had many wives, but was not active in the LDS Church nor its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14340275", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Mormon\"\nbelief system: \"\"Born by chance into membership in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (Mormons), Smith was on lifetime sabbatical from his religion. He was a jack Mormon. A jack Mormon is to a decent Mormon what a jackrabbit is to a cottontail.\"\" In the play \"\"Angels in America\"\" by Tony Kushner, the character Harper Pitt identifies herself as a Jack Mormon, and postulates an alternate explanation for the origin of the term: \"\"Like jack rabbit...I ran.\"\" In Episode 6 of Season 5 of the AMC television series \"\"Hell On Wheels\"\", the character known as Eva identifies herself", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9255988", "chunk_text": "\"Mormon (word)\"\nembraced by the faith. Because the term became identified with polygamy in the mid-to-late-19th century, some Latter Day Saint denominations who never practiced polygamy have renounced the term. The term \"\"Mormon\"\" is taken from the title of the Book of Mormon, a sacred text adherents believe to have been translated from golden plates which had their location revealed by an angel to Joseph Smith and published in 1830. According to the text of the Book of Mormon, the word Mormon stems from the Land of Mormon, where the prophet Alma preached the gospel and baptized converts. Mormon—who was named after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10567816", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Mormon\"\nmodern LDS youth today use the term to describe a baptized member who chooses not to follow the ethical, moral and cultural guidelines common to Mormons. These guidelines include refraining from profanity and pre-marital sex. Other common cultural limitations include following the Word of Wisdom by consuming a healthy diet, seeking exercise, and avoiding the use of drugs, tobacco, alcohol, and coffee and tea. Often such individuals are noticeable for public consumption of tobacco or alcohol. It is unclear how or why the meaning of the term changed to its current usage, which is almost the reverse of its original", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10567815", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Mormon\"\nChurch who rarely or never practices the religion, but is still friendly toward the church. Alternatively, it can be used for someone that is of Mormon descent but unbaptized or non-religious. Some Jack Mormons still support the goals and beliefs of the LDS Church, but for various reasons choose not to attend services or participate in church activities. They are also colloquially known as \"\"Cultural Mormons\"\", the LDS equivalent of a lapsed Catholic, a \"\"Christmas and Easter Christian\"\"/ \"\"Sunday Christian\"\"(or based on an adage \"\"Once a Baptist, Always a Baptist\"\") and a \"\"Yom Kippur Jew\"\" (or sometimes \"\"ethnic Jew\"\"). Some", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10567813", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Mormon\"\npopulation's participation in the Republican party. At that time, many members who were registered Democrats were called \"\"Jack Mormons\"\", not as a negative term, but to distinguish them as traditional liberal Democrats. Because of the negative connotation of the term's modern context, this usage was short-lived. An alternative theory and contemporary usage holds that the term refers to a person who is a Mormon in \"\"name only\"\" (as in having a common Mormon surname) as though the \"\"Mormon\"\" label were nothing but a surname to this individual. The term was made popular by heavyweight champion William Harrison \"\"Jack\"\" Dempsey, born", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10567814", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Mormon\"\nin Manassa, Colorado, on June 24, 1895. During the 1920s the greatest American sports hero of the day was undoubtedly Babe Ruth; his closest rival was Dempsey, a tough heavyweight boxer from the mining West. Around 1880 an LDS Church missionary converted his parents and they moved to the Mormon village of Manassa, Colorado. While his father parted ways with the church, his mother remained a devoted member. Jack would write, \"\"I'm proud to be a Mormon. And ashamed to be the Jack Mormon that I am.\"\" The term is now used to describe a baptized member of the LDS", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10567809", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Mormon\"\nwho, despite his personal religious viewpoint, maintained good relations with and positive feelings toward the church. On April 18, 1845, the term \"\"Jack Mormon\"\" appeared in \"\"The Ottawa Free Trader\"\" to refer to J. B. Backenstos, the sheriff of Hancock County, who was \"\"friendly to the Mormons, though not one himself.\"\" This early published use of the term marks perhaps the earliest appearance of \"\"Jack Mormon\"\" in print, though it was followed soon by other instances in papers such as the \"\"New-York Daily Tribune\"\" and the \"\"Richmond Palladium\"\". Thomas C. Sharp, editor of the \"\"Warsaw Signal\"\", also coined the term", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9255987", "chunk_text": "\"Mormon (word)\"\nculture, texts, and art. The term derives from the Book of Mormon, a sacred text published in 1830 regarded by the faith as a supplemental Testament to the Bible. Adherents believe that the book was translated from an ancient record by Smith by the gift and power of God. The text is said to be an ancient chronicle of a fallen and lost indigenous American nation, compiled by the prophet–warrior, Mormon, and his son, Moroni, the last of the Nephite people. The term \"\"Mormon\"\" was initially a derogatory term applied to Latter Day Saints in the 1830s, but was soon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12594654", "chunk_text": "\"Mormon (word)\"\nlive in either of these US states. Although a majority of Utahns are members of the LDS Church, it has a worldwide membership with the majority of its members outside the United States. Nor do most \"\"Missouri Mormons\"\" live in Missouri. The May 15, 1843, issue of the official Mormon periodical \"\"Times and Seasons\"\" contains an article, purportedly written by Joseph Smith, deriving the etymology of the name \"\"Mormon\"\" from English \"\"more\"\" + Egyptian \"\"mon\"\", \"\"good\"\", and extolling the meaning as follows: It has been stated that this word [mormon] was derived from the Greek word \"\"mormo\"\". This is not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10567810", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Mormon\"\n\"\"Jack-Mason\"\" to refer to those who were sympathetic toward Freemasons in the Anti-Masonic political movement. These sympathetic non-Mormons included Nauvoo Justice of the Peace Daniel H. Wells, who later joined the church, and soldier and diplomat Thomas L. Kane. Kane was identified as a sympathetic Jack Mormon by US Army officials and the media, some of whom asserted that he had been secretly baptised into the LDS faith. However friendly toward the LDS people, Kane remained a Presbyterian all of his life. Several LDS historians believe that the term was used prior to Sharp's mention, and has ties to sympathetic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9255986", "chunk_text": "\"Mormon (word)\"\nMormon (word) The word Mormon most colloquially denotes an adherent, practitioner, follower, or constituent of Mormonism in restorationist Christianity. \"\"Mormon\"\" also commonly refers, specifically, to a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), which is often colloquially, but imprecisely, referred to as the \"\"Mormon Church\"\". In addition, the term \"\"Mormon\"\" may refer to any of the relatively small sects of Mormon fundamentalism, and any branch of the Latter Day Saint movement that recognizes Brigham Young as the successor to founder Joseph Smith. The term \"\"Mormon\"\" applies to the religion of Mormonism, as well as its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9255990", "chunk_text": "\"Mormon (word)\"\nAccording to the \"\"Oxford English Dictionary\"\", one of the earliest published usages of the term \"\"Mormon\"\" to describe believers in the Book of Mormon was in 1833 by the Louisville (Kentucky) \"\"Daily Herald\"\" in an article, \"\"The Mormons and the Anti-Mormons\"\". The terms \"\"Mormon\"\" and \"\"Mormonite\"\" were first used in the 1830s as pejoratives to describe those who followed Joseph Smith and believed in the divine origin of the Book of Mormon. The term was soon adopted by Mormons themselves, however, and has lost its generally pejorative status. The term \"\"Mormon\"\" is most often used to refer to members of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18915193", "chunk_text": "\"Mormon (Book of Mormon prophet)\"\nthe root may be of Egyptian origin with the meaning of \"\"beloved\"\". However, in the 15 May 1843 issue of the \"\"Times and Seasons\"\", Joseph Smith explained the name as being a contraction of the English word \"\"more\"\" and \"\"mon\"\", a word that Smith claimed was Egyptian for \"\"good\"\", making the name literally mean \"\"more good\"\". Mormon (Book of Mormon prophet) Mormon is believed by members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints to be a prophet-historian and a member of a tribe of indigenous Americans known as the Nephites, one of the four groups (including the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9255991", "chunk_text": "\"Mormon (word)\"\nthe LDS Church. However, the term is also adopted by other adherents of Mormonism, including adherents of Mormon fundamentalism. The term \"\"Mormon\"\" is generally disfavored by other denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement, such as the Community of Christ, which have distinct histories from that of the LDS Church since Smith's death in 1844. The term is particularly embraced by adherents of Mormon fundamentalism, who continue to believe in and practice plural marriage, a practice that the LDS Church officially abandoned in 1890. Seeking to distance itself from polygamy and Mormon fundamentalism, the LDS Church has taken the position", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10567812", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Mormon\"\nover belief in plural marriage. LDS Church membership was made up predominantly of liberal-leaning Democrats until the early 1900s, possibly due to anti-Mormon positions held by the Republican party during the latter half of the 19th Century. However, the church's conservative positions on social issues such as sexuality, drug use, traditional family values, and the role of religion in government caused large numbers of previously Democratic Latter-day Saints to shift to the Republican Party by the late 1970s. In the late 1970s and early 1980s the LDS church took a stand against the Equal Rights Amendment, and again increased the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4815913", "chunk_text": "Mormons\nMormons Mormons are a religious and cultural group related to Mormonism, the principal branch of the Latter Day Saint movement of Restorationist Christianity, initiated by Joseph Smith in upstate New York during the 1820s. After Smith's death in 1844, the Mormons followed Brigham Young to what would become the Utah Territory. Today, most Mormons are understood to be members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Some Mormons are also either independent or non-practicing. The center of Mormon cultural influence is in Utah, and North America has more Mormons than any other continent, though the majority", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1008914", "chunk_text": "Mormonism\nMormonism Mormonism is the predominant religious tradition of the Latter Day Saint movement of Restorationist Christianity started by Joseph Smith in Western New York in the 1820s and 30s. After Smith was killed in 1844, most Mormons followed Brigham Young on his westward journey to the area that became the Utah Territory, calling themselves The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Other sects include Mormon fundamentalism, which seeks to maintain practices and doctrines such as polygamy, and various other small independent denominations. The second-largest Latter Day Saint denomination, the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6693645", "chunk_text": "\"Jack (given name)\"\nthe highest concentration of Jacks in the United Kingdom appeared in Scotland. The name Jack is unusual in the English language for its frequent use as a noun or verb for many common objects and actions, and in many compound words and phrases. Examples include implements, such as a car jack, knucklebones (the game jacks), or the jack in bowls. The word is also used in other words and phrases such as: apple jack, hijack, jack of clubs (playing card), jack straw (scarecrow), jack tar (sailor), jack-in-the-box, jack-of-all-trades, jack o'lantern, jackdaw, jackhammer, jackknife, jackpot, lumberjack, union jack, etc. The history", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18642367", "chunk_text": "Ex-Mormon\nEx-Mormon Ex-Mormon or post-Mormon refers to a disaffiliate of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) or any of its , collectively called \"\"Mormonism\"\". Ex-Mormons—sometimes referred to as exmo or postmo—may neither believe in nor affiliate with the LDS Church. In contrast, Jack Mormons may believe but do not affiliate; and cultural Mormons may or may not affiliate but do not believe in certain doctrines or practices of the institutional LDS Church. The distinction is important to some ex-Mormons, many of whom perceive their decision to leave as morally compelling and socially risky. According to 2014 Pew", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9872115", "chunk_text": "\"Deseret (Book of Mormon)\"\nDeseret (Book of Mormon) Deseret (; Deseret: 𐐔𐐯𐑅𐐨𐑉𐐯𐐻) is a term derived from the Book of Mormon, a scripture of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and other Restoration groups. According to the Book of Mormon, \"\"deseret\"\" meant \"\"honeybee\"\" in the language of the Jaredites, a group believed by Mormons to have been led to the Americas following the construction of the Tower of Babel (see ). LDS scholar Hugh Nibley (extending the work of Egyptologist Sir Alan Gardiner) suggested an etymology by associating the word \"\"Deseret\"\" with the ancient Egyptian \"\"dsrt\"\" (Egyptian: 𓂧𓈙𓂋𓏏𓋔), a term referring to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3637277", "chunk_text": "\"Linguistics and the Book of Mormon\"\nTvedtnes report that the name \"\"Sam\"\" is found on a bronze ringmounted seal dated in the 7th century B.C. They also note that the name \"\"Samuel\"\" in Hebrew is a combination of two words—\"\"Shem\"\" and \"\"El\"\". In early Hebrew, the same letter was used for \"\"s\"\" and \"\"sh\"\" and vowels were not specified. Judges 12:6 demonstrates that the tribe of Joseph pronounced the letter that Shem began with as \"\"s\"\". The Book of Mormon states that Lehi was a descendant of Joseph. Apologists contend that the anachronism of the French word \"\"adieu\"\", and others, may have been the result of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7368437", "chunk_text": "\"Name of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\"\nName of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The name of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) is derived from an 1838 revelation received by church founder Joseph Smith. Leaders of the LDS Church place great emphasis on the full name of the church and have resisted the application of informal or shortened names, including the \"\"Mormon Church\"\", the \"\"LDS Church\"\", and the \"\"Church of the Latter-day Saints\"\". The LDS Church traces its founding to April 6, 1830, when Joseph Smith and five other men formally established the Church of Christ. The church was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1008915", "chunk_text": "Mormonism\nsince 2001 called the Community of Christ, does not describe itself as \"\"Mormon\"\", but instead follows a Trinitarian Christian restorationist theology, and also considers itself Restorationist in terms of Latter Day Saint doctrine. The word \"\"Mormon\"\" originally derived from the Book of Mormon, a religious text published by Smith, which he said he translated from golden plates with divine assistance. The book describes itself as a chronicle of early indigenous peoples of the Americas and their dealings with God. Based on the name of that book, early followers of Smith were more widely known as \"\"Mormons\"\", and their faith was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5987268", "chunk_text": "\"Jack (given name)\"\nword jack is also commonly used in other contexts in English for many occupations, objects and actions, linked to the use of the word as a metaphor for a common man. Jack is thought to have originated in medieval times as a common derivative of the name John. 'Jackie' has also been used among men (Jackie Coogan, Jackie Cooper, and Jackie Gleason were all formally named John). This diminutive of Jack is thought by some to have hailed from the earlier Jackin (from the name Jankin). Alternatively, it may be derived from the name Jacques, the French form of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12594651", "chunk_text": "\"Mormon (word)\"\nhas long been attached to the church as a nickname, it is not a preferred title, and the church's style guide says, \"\"Please avoid the use of 'Mormon Church', 'LDS Church' or the 'Church of the Latter-day Saints.'\"\" LDS Church leaders have encouraged members to use the church's full name to emphasize the church's focus on Jesus Christ. J. Gordon Melton, in his \"\"Encyclopedia of American Religions\"\", subdivides the Mormons into \"\"Utah Mormons\"\", \"\"Missouri Mormons\"\", \"\"Polygamy-Practicing Mormons\"\", and \"\"Other Mormons\"\". In this scheme, the \"\"Utah Mormon\"\" group includes the non-polygamous organizations descending from those Mormons who followed Brigham Young to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5987269", "chunk_text": "\"Jack (given name)\"\nname James or Jacob. There is also a theory that it is Celtic in origin, meaning \"\"healthy, strong, full of vital energy\"\" (compare the Welsh word \"\"iach\"\", \"\"health\"\"), from a putative Ancient British \"\"Yakkios\"\". Whatever its origins, both the name and the word \"\"jack\"\" were long used as a term to refer to any man, especially of the common classes. Jack has become increasingly used as a formal, registered name, rather than a nickname, for boys in several English-speaking countries. It is now more popular in its own right than John, James and Jacob where it is originally derived from.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "849160", "chunk_text": "\"History of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\"\nHistory of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The history of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) is typically divided into three broad time periods: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints traces its origins to western New York, where Joseph Smith, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, was raised. Joseph Smith gained a small following in the late 1820s as he was dictating the Book of Mormon, which he said was a translation of words found on a set of \"\"golden plates\"\" that had been buried near his home in upstate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12823028", "chunk_text": "\"Heavenly Mother (Mormonism)\"\nHeavenly Mother (Mormonism) In The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Heavenly Mother or the Mother in Heaven is the mother of human spirits and the wife of God the Father. Those who accept the Mother in Heaven doctrine trace its origins to Joseph Smith, the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement. The doctrine became more widely known after Smith's death in 1844. The heavenly Mother doctrine is taught by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), the Restoration Church of Jesus Christ, and branches of Mormon fundamentalism, such as the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "208871", "chunk_text": "\"Mormonism and authority\"\nMormonism and authority Within Mormonism, the priesthood authority to act in God's name was said its founder, Joseph Smith, to have been removed from the primitive Christian church through a Great Apostasy, which Mormons believe occurred due to the deaths of the original apostles. Mormons maintain that this apostasy was prophesied of within the Bible to occur prior to the Second Coming of Jesus (see ) and was therefore in keeping with God's plan for mankind. Smith claimed that the priesthood authority was restored to him from angelic beings—John the Baptist and the apostles Peter, James, and John. Some Christians", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4234457", "chunk_text": "\"Judaism and Mormonism\"\nBaptism is a water purification ritual where one is immersed in water. The practice of purification via immersion exists in many cultures. The word \"\"baptize\"\" derives from the Greek word βάπτειν (the infinitive; also listed as the 1st person singular present active indicative βαπτίζω, which loosely means \"\"to dip, bathe, or wash\"\"). The Christian ritual of baptism traces back to the baptism of Jesus by John the Baptist, who the Bible says baptized Jesus in the Jordan River. Mormon belief holds that baptisms were performed in Adam and Eve's day. Baptism is a required ordinance and ritual cleansing process when", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1877760", "chunk_text": "\"Church of Christ (Temple Lot)\"\ncharge that Smith was to have \"\"pretended to no other gift\"\" except the translation of the Book of Mormon, and was never to be more than a \"\"first elder\"\" among \"\"fellow elders\"\" in the fledgling church. Church of Christ (Temple Lot) The Church of Christ, informally called \"\"Hedrickites\"\" and the Church of Christ (Temple Lot), is a denomination of the Latter Day Saint movement headquartered in Independence, Missouri, on what is known as the Temple Lot. The nickname for members of the church comes from the surname of Granville Hedrick, who was ordained as the church's leader in July 1863.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13930784", "chunk_text": "Mormons\ntrue. Most Mormons do not claim to have had heavenly visions like Smith's in response to prayers, but feel that God talks to them in their hearts and minds through the Holy Ghost. Though Mormons have some beliefs that are considered strange in a modernized world, they continue to hold onto their beliefs because they feel God has spoken to them. Mormons Mormons are a religious and cultural group related to Mormonism, the principal branch of the Latter Day Saint movement of Restorationist Christianity, initiated by Joseph Smith in upstate New York during the 1820s. After Smith's death in 1844,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3637272", "chunk_text": "\"Linguistics and the Book of Mormon\"\nplates, Smith may have chosen words that he knew that were closest in meaning to the original concept written on the plates (i.e., a \"\"translator's anachronism\"\"). The words \"\"Christ\"\" and \"\"Messiah\"\" are used several hundred times throughout the Book of Mormon. The first instance of the word \"\"Christ\"\" dates to between 559 and 545 B.C. The first instance of the word \"\"Messiah\"\" dates to about 600 B.C. \"\"Christ\"\" is the English transliteration of the Greek word Χριστός (transliterated as Christós); it is relatively synonymous with the Hebrew word משיח, pronounced and rendered \"\"Messiah\"\".\"\" Both words have the meaning of \"\"anointed,\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4815948", "chunk_text": "Mormons\nfollowers dividing into different ideological groups. Mormons claim the martyrdom of the Apostles led to a loss of Priesthood authority to administer the church and its ordinances. Mormons believe that God restored the early Christian church through Joseph Smith. In particular, Mormons believe that angels such as Peter, James, John, John the Baptist, Moses, and Elijah appeared to Smith and others and bestowed various priesthood authorities on them. Mormons believe that their church is the \"\"only true and living church\"\" because of the divine authority restored through Smith. Mormons self-identify as being Christian, while many Christians, particularly evangelical Protestants, disagree", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2003229", "chunk_text": "\"Judaism and Mormonism\"\nof the trinitarian concept of God and ordaining women to the priesthood. Fundamentalist Mormons, in contrast, claim adherence to traditional beliefs and practices that have been rejected or changed by the LDS Church. Mormons consider themselves to be the descendants of the Biblical Patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob (also known as \"\"Israel\"\") or adoptees into the House of Israel, and contemporary Mormons use the terms \"\"House of Israel\"\" and \"\"House of Joseph\"\" to refer to themselves. The Book of Mormon tells of families of the Tribe of Manasseh and the Tribe of Ephraim that migrated from Jerusalem to an unknown", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18671303", "chunk_text": "\"Names of God\"\nHebrew names Elohim, El-Shaddai, Yahweh, Jehovah and Adonai. \"\"Abba\"\" (Father) is a common term used for the creator within Christianity because it was a title Jesus used to refer to God the Father. In Mormonism the name of God the Father is Elohim and the name of Jesus in his pre-incarnate state was Jehovah. Together, with the Holy Ghost they form the Godhead; God the Father, Jesus Christ, and the Holy Spirit. Mormons typically refer to God as \"\"Heavenly Father\"\" or \"\"Father in Heaven\"\". Although Mormonism views the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit as three distinct beings, they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "398880", "chunk_text": "\"Linguistics and the Book of Mormon\"\na coming Messiah/Christ.\"\" The word \"\"church\"\" first occurs in 1 Nephi 4:26, where a prophet named Nephi disguises himself as Laban, a prominent man in Jerusalem whom Nephi had slain: And he [Laban's servant], supposing that I spake of the brethren of the church, and that I was truly that Laban whom I had slain, wherefore he did follow me (). According to the Book of Mormon, this exchange happened in Jerusalem, around 600 B.C. The meaning of the word \"\"church\"\" in the Book of Mormon is more comparable to usage in the Bible than Modern English. The concept of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7062335", "chunk_text": "\"Nephi, son of Lehi\"\nnon-Mormon scholars view the Book of Mormon as a work of fiction, and do not recognize Nephi as a historical figure, the predominant scholarly view is that the name was selected or coined by Joseph Smith. Based on a non-Mormon or secular perspective, hypotheses for the name's origin include: Religious Mormon scholars generally believe that the Book of Mormon is historical, and therefore have proposed etymologies consistent with that view. For example, Mormon scholar John Gee theorizes that Nephi is a Hebrew form of the Egyptian name \"\"Nfr\"\". In Phoenician and Aramaic inscriptions of Egyptian names containing \"\"nfr\"\", the \"\"nfr\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13930743", "chunk_text": "Mormons\nGod requires following the example of Jesus Christ, and accepting his atonement through ordinances such as baptism. They believe that Christ's church was restored through Joseph Smith and is guided by living prophets and apostles. Central to Mormon faith is the belief that God speaks to his children and answers their prayers. The number of members in 1971 was 3,090,953 and as of 2018, there are 16,118,169 members worldwide. The word \"\"Mormons\"\" most often refers to members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) because of their belief in the Book of Mormon, though members often", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3407749", "chunk_text": "Mormonism\nAdditionally, Mormons claim the martyrdom of the Apostles led to the loss of Priesthood authority to administer the Church and its ordinances. Mormons believe that God re-established the early Christian Church as found in the New Testament through Joseph Smith. In particular, Mormons believe that angels such as Peter, James, John, and John the Baptist appeared to Joseph Smith and others and bestowed various Priesthood authorities on them. Mormons thus believe that their Church is the \"\"only true and living church\"\" because divine authority was restored to it through Smith. In addition, Mormons believe that Smith and his legitimate successors", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6529153", "chunk_text": "Zenock\n(or Zenoch) is derived from the Hebrew word זָנַח (zanach - Strong's H2186), meaning to push aside, reject or forsake. In fact, the name Zenock may be a pun. After citing Zenock's words concerning the \"\"Son of God,\"\" Alma wrote that \"\"because the people would not understand his words they stoned him to death\"\", a most effective way of pushing aside, rejecting, or forsaking him. Zenock According to the Book of Mormon, Zenock () was an old world prophet whose pre-Christian era writings were recorded upon the plates of brass. Zenock is quoted or paraphrased a number of times by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15136374", "chunk_text": "\"Mormon (word)\"\napplied for a trademark on \"\"Mormon\"\" as applied to religious services; however, the United States Patent and Trademark Office rejected the application, stating that the term \"\"Mormon\"\" was too generic, and is popularly understood as referring to a particular kind of church, similar to \"\"Presbyterian\"\" or \"\"Methodist\"\", rather than a service mark. The application was abandoned as of August 22, 2007. In all, Intellectual Reserve owns more than 60 trademarks related to the term \"\"Mormon\"\". Mormon (word) The word Mormon most colloquially denotes an adherent, practitioner, follower, or constituent of Mormonism in restorationist Christianity. \"\"Mormon\"\" also commonly refers, specifically, to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13930745", "chunk_text": "Mormons\nword \"\"Mormon\"\" is often associated with polygamy (or plural marriage), which was a distinguishing practice of many early Mormons; however, it was renounced by the LDS Church in 1890 and discontinued over the next 15 years. Today, polygamy is practiced within Mormonism only by people that have broken with the LDS Church. The history of the Mormons has shaped them into a people with a strong sense of unity and commonality. From the start, Mormons have tried to establish what they call \"\"Zion\"\", a utopian society of the righteous. Mormon history can be divided into three broad time periods: (1)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18061017", "chunk_text": "Nephites\nNephites The Nephites () are one of many groups (including the Lamanites, Jaredites, and Mulekites) to be mentioned in the Book of Mormon to be settled in the ancient Americas. The Book of Mormon is a religious text of the Latter-day Saint movement. The term is used throughout the Book of Mormon to describe the religious, political, and cultural traditions of the group of settlers. The Nephites are described as a group of people that descended from or were associated with Nephi, the son of the prophet Lehi, who left Jerusalem at the urging of God in about 600 BC", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4904431", "chunk_text": "\"Mormon cosmology\"\nsame as Jesus Christ himself did in the flesh and like us.\"\" According to Mormon belief, Jesus is identified as the god Jehovah, the YHWH of the Old Testament. Jehovah received a body when he was born to the Virgin Mary and was named Jesus. Jesus was the Son of God—the father of his physical body was God the Father. Because Jesus was the Son of God, he had power to overcome physical death. Because he lived a perfect and sinless life, Jesus could offer himself as an \"\"infinite and eternal\"\" sacrifice that would be required to pay for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5663334", "chunk_text": "\"James, son of Zebedee\"\nJames\"\"; the Dutch word is \"\"Jacobs schelp\"\", meaning \"\"the shell of St. James\"\". The military Order of Santiago, named after James, was founded in Spain in the 12th century to fight the Moors. Later, as in other orders of chivalry, the membership became a mark of honor. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) teaches that James has been resurrected and that in 1829 he—along with the resurrected Peter and the translated John—visited Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery and restored the priesthood authority with apostolic succession to earth. James, son of Zebedee James, son of Zebedee (Hebrew:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3352	most consecutive games with 20+ points - nba history?	n/a	[ "126" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6328394", "chunk_text": "\"Double (basketball)\"\nreferred to as 20–20 or Double-20). It occurs when a player accumulates 20 or more in two different statistical categories in a game. Another such double-double is called a triple-double-double (also referred to as 30–30). The only player in NBA history to record a 40-40 is Wilt Chamberlain, who achieved the feat eight times in his career. Of the five instances, four were recorded in his rookie season, and the fifth was achieved the following year where he recorded 78 points and 43 rebounds in a game. The following is a list of regular season double-double leaders since the season:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11085001", "chunk_text": "\"Randy Smith (basketball)\"\na coach in the Continental Basketball Association before working at Mohegan Sun in Uncasville, where he worked in marketing. On June 4, 2009, Smith died in Norwich, Connecticut, after a heart attack during a workout. Randy Smith (basketball) Randolph \"\"Randy\"\" Smith (December 12, 1948 – June 4, 2009) was an American professional basketball player who set the NBA record for consecutive games played. From 1972–1982, Smith played in every regular season game, en route to a then-record of 906 straight games (since broken by A. C. Green). He was born in Bellport, New York. Smith was an outstanding all-around athlete", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8518819", "chunk_text": "\"Randy Smith (basketball)\"\nRandy Smith (basketball) Randolph \"\"Randy\"\" Smith (December 12, 1948 – June 4, 2009) was an American professional basketball player who set the NBA record for consecutive games played. From 1972–1982, Smith played in every regular season game, en route to a then-record of 906 straight games (since broken by A. C. Green). He was born in Bellport, New York. Smith was an outstanding all-around athlete at Buffalo State College, earning All-American honors in three sports: basketball, soccer and track. (At Bellport High School on Long Island, Smith was a standout on the soccer and basketball teams, and set a state", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10804293", "chunk_text": "\"Karl Malone\"\nquarter, Malone and Olajuwon scored in four consecutive possessions by their teams, leading up to a 93–93 tie. For the first time in team history, in 1994–95, the Utah Jazz won 60 games. In addition, the team won 15 consecutive away games (the best such streak by the team, then the second-best streak in the league). Malone's 26.7 points per game ranked fourth in the NBA, and Malone became the 19th NBA player to reach 20,000 career points on January 20, 1995. In the 1995 playoffs, the Jazz lost to the Houston Rockets for the second consecutive year, this time", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16568451", "chunk_text": "\"Zach LaVine\"\nhe scored 24 points in a 99–98 win over the Cleveland Cavaliers, thus scoring 20 or more points in each of Chicago's 13 games to begin the season and in a career-high 14 straight overall, dating to his final game of 2017–18. The last Bulls player to score 20-plus points in 14 consecutive games was Jimmy Butler, who did it 15 straight times in 2016. He scored 26 points against the Dallas Mavericks on November 12 for 15 straight, before a 10-point game on November 14 against the Boston Celtics ended the streak. In March 2016, LaVine guest starred in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "185390", "chunk_text": "\"Morris Peterson\"\nbefore stepping up in the wake of the new era of Raptor youngsters being ushered in, taking on a more expansive leadership role and transforming himself into an elite perimeter defender, a clutch performer and consistent scorer. He is known for his three-point shooting, acrobatic shots, defense, and fearless driving to the basket. On December 28, 2005, Peterson set a record for career games played as a Raptor, surpassing Alvin Williams with 418 games played. Peterson also leads the NBA in longest consecutive games played, appearing in 371 straight until November 22, 2006, when he missed his first game in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2009759", "chunk_text": "\"Devin Booker\"\ngames of 39 or more points in the regular season. Later that month, he was named in the U.S. Team for the 2017 Rising Stars Challenge, and was invited to take part in the 2017 Taco Bell Skills Challenge. With 31 points against the Milwaukee Bucks on February 4, Booker became the youngest player to score at least 20 points in 16 consecutive games; Booker did it at 20 years, 97 days. His 16-game streak is the second-longest by any first-year or second-year player in the last 20 seasons—Vince Carter had a 23-game run as a second-year player during the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9134303", "chunk_text": "\"Comeback (sports)\"\n3-0 First Round series lead over the Indiana Pacers and further fuel what would become a historic 10-game playoff win-streak. The 26-point comeback tied the largest ever in NBA post-season history (along with the 2012 Clippers against the Memphis Grizzlies), with LeBron James scoring 41 points and a triple-double in another career night performance. 25 points - Golden State Warriors vs. San Antonio Spurs (May 14, 2017) The Golden State Warriors came back from a 25 point deficit, led by Steph Curry's 40 points and Kevin Durant's 34 points. Curry led the team with 7 made threes and 14 made", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15332731", "chunk_text": "\"Andre Drummond\"\nin a win over the Portland Trail Blazers, joining Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Wilt Chamberlain as the only players with three 20/20 games in the first six games of a season. He was subsequently named the Eastern Conference Player of the Week for the second week of the season, becoming the first Piston to win player of the week in consecutive weeks, and the first player to win the award in the first two weeks of the season since LeBron James in 2011–12. On November 21, Drummond's streak of 11 consecutive double-doubles to begin the season came to an end. This", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19622640", "chunk_text": "\"James Harden\"\nJanuary 8 and January 10, both resulting in wins. His two performances saw him become the fourth player in NBA history with at least 40 points, 10 rebounds and 10 assists in consecutive games—Pete Maravich, Michael Jordan and Russell Westbrook are the three others to do it. His 12th and 13th triple-doubles came in back-to-back games on January 15 and January 17. On January 27, he recorded his 14th triple-double of the season with 51 points, 13 rebounds and 13 assists in a 123–118 win over the Philadelphia 76ers, becoming the first player in NBA history with multiple 50-point triple-doubles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13195950", "chunk_text": "\"John Stockton\"\nrecord for the most games and consecutive games played with one team, and is third in total games played, behind Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Robert Parish. He had previously held the record for most seasons played with one team until the 2015–16 NBA season, when that record was broken by Kobe Bryant. He missed only 22 games during his career, 18 of them in one season. He played in 38 games where he tallied 20 or more assists. On February 1, 1995, Stockton broke Magic Johnson's record of 9,921 career assists in a game in Salt Lake City against the Denver", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13603246", "chunk_text": "\"Carmelo Anthony\"\nNBA history to reach the milestone just behind LeBron James (28 years, 17 days), Kobe Bryant (29 years, 122 days), Wilt Chamberlain (29 years, 134 days), Michael Jordan (29 years, 326 days) and Oscar Robertson (30 years, 97 days). Anthony accomplished this at the age of 30 years and 157 days and in a total of 793 NBA games, tied for 15th all-time in number of games needed to score at least 20,000 points. On January 22, 2015, Anthony was named as a starter in the 2015 NBA All-Star Game, his seventh consecutive start and eight overall alongside LeBron James,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15318356", "chunk_text": "\"Minute (basketball)\"\nMinute (basketball) A minute is a unit of time in a basketball game. There are forty-eight minutes in each NBA basketball game. For players, the total number of minutes played in a season—and the average number of minutes played per game—are both tracked as statistics. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar is the all-time leader in minutes played with 57,446. Karl Malone (54,852), Jason Kidd (50,111), Kevin Garnett (50,052), and Elvin Hayes (50,000) are the only other players with 50,000 or more minutes played in a career. Wilt Chamberlain holds the record for most minutes played in the NBA in one season with 3,882,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1146777", "chunk_text": "\"Deron Williams\"\nAll-Star Game. Similar to the previous year, he responded to the snub with strong play, scoring 30+ points in five consecutive games before the break (he missed one additional game during this time due to a minor injury) and leading the team to a 5–2 record to close out the first half of the season, including a win over the league-leading Los Angeles Lakers to snap their seven-game winning streak. They followed the All-Star Break with a win against the defending champion Boston Celtics. On March 1, 2009, Williams became the second active player after Steve Nash to reach 20", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19430485", "chunk_text": "\"Bob Pettit\"\ntwenty points and twenty rebounds in an NBA season. In the following season, he scored a career best 31.1 points per game, but the Hawks slipped to fourth place. After missing 30 games because of injuries, Pettit ended his career in 1965 still near the peak of his game. He was the first NBA player to eclipse the 20,000 points mark (20,880 for a 26.4 average). Of the 20,880 points he scored in the NBA, 6,182 of them (nearly 30 percent) came from free throws. His 12,849 rebounds were second most in league history at the time he retired, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15318357", "chunk_text": "\"Minute (basketball)\"\nset in the 1961-62 season. Minute (basketball) A minute is a unit of time in a basketball game. There are forty-eight minutes in each NBA basketball game. For players, the total number of minutes played in a season—and the average number of minutes played per game—are both tracked as statistics. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar is the all-time leader in minutes played with 57,446. Karl Malone (54,852), Jason Kidd (50,111), Kevin Garnett (50,052), and Elvin Hayes (50,000) are the only other players with 50,000 or more minutes played in a career. Wilt Chamberlain holds the record for most minutes played in the NBA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8742751", "chunk_text": "\"Joakim Noah\"\nGilmore on December 20, 1977, and joined Hakeem Olajuwon, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Shawn Bradley, Shaquille O'Neal, and Elvin Hayes as the only players to record a triple-double of 20-20-10 in points, rebounds, and blocks since blocks began being recorded, and the only player among them to do so while shooting 65 percent from the field. From December 28, 2013 to February 1, 2014, Noah had an 18-game streak of 10 or more rebounds, averaging 13.9 rebounds during that stretch. Such streak was ended on February 4, 2014 in a game against the Sacramento Kings as Joakim was ejected from the game", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5865696", "chunk_text": "\"1967–68 NBA season\"\nRobertson that year. Chamberlain's penchant for passing even produced a rare event—a triple-20. 20 points, 20 rebounds and 20 assists all in the same NBA game on February 2, 1968. Chamberlain alleges he also blocked 12 shots in that game. If so, it could be one of possibly 15 quadruple-double games or more that marked his playing days as a Philadelphia 76er. Blocked shots were not then an official NBA statistic. So the truth about this will never be truly verified. Three other NBA teams won 50 or more games this year, getting some easy ones at the expense of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5474433", "chunk_text": "\"Basketball winning streaks\"\n(seventh overall) and pushing their winning streak to 15 games. There was little attention to the streak at the time. The existing NCAA Division I basketball record was 60 games, and UCLA itself had had longer streaks in its history, winning 47 consecutive games during Lew Alcindor's time. In addition, the media attention was more focused on the NBA-ABA bidding wars, as the professional leagues were attempting to entice college players to join the professional ranks. Interest in the streak grew late in the 1971–72 season, when it reached 40 games. The media reports of the games began including the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12159521", "chunk_text": "\"Hassan Whiteside\"\nagainst the New York Knicks, Whiteside blocked five shots, giving him 63 through 13 games. The previous Heat record for blocks at this point of the season belonged to Alonzo Mourning, who had 50 to open the 1998–99 season. On December 9, he recorded three blocks against the Charlotte Hornets, thus opening the season with two or more blocks in all 20 games, trailing only Mark Eaton (24, 1988–89 with Utah) and Shaquille O'Neal (23, 1992–93 with Orlando) for longest streaks to start a season. His streak ended at 21 after he failed to record a block on December 13", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2009760", "chunk_text": "\"Devin Booker\"\n1999–2000 season. His streak ended at 16 after scoring just 14 points on February 6 against the New Orleans Pelicans. On March 24, Booker became the sixth player in NBA history to score 70 points in a game, accomplishing the feat in the Suns' 130–120 loss to the Celtics at TD Garden. Booker joined Wilt Chamberlain, David Robinson, David Thompson, Elgin Baylor and Kobe Bryant as players to reach 70 in one game. It was the 11th 70-point game in NBA history. Booker finished 21-of-40 shooting overall, including 4-of-11 on 3-pointers, and 24-of-26 from the free throw line. He added", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2959961", "chunk_text": "\"Johnny Kerr\"\nHe ended his career on November 4, 1965 with a 108–107 loss to New York, with respectable totals of 12,480 points and 10,092 rebounds, along with the NBA record for most consecutive games played (844) until 1983 when he was surpassed by Randy Smith. Kerr is credited with bringing Jerry Sloan to the Chicago Bulls. The team went 33-48 in 1966–1967 and became the first expansion team to win a playoff berth in its inaugural season. For this accomplishment, Kerr was rewarded the NBA Coach of the Year Award. He is also the only coach to receive this award after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19430487", "chunk_text": "\"Bob Pettit\"\n11 NBA seasons. He never finished below seventh in the NBA scoring race and no other retired player in NBA history other than Pettit and Alex Groza (who played only two seasons) has averaged \"\"more\"\" than 20 points per game in every season they've played (note: Michael Jordan averaged \"\"exactly\"\" 20 points per game in his final season). In 1970, he was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. Pettit was named to the NBA's 35th Anniversary Team in 1980, and was named one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History in 1996. Pettit worked in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20647443", "chunk_text": "\"Shawn Bradley\"\nleast 20 points, 20 rebounds, and 10 blocks in a single game, and the first to do so off the bench. The previous players to record a 20-20-10 game with points, rebounds, and blocks were Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Elvin Hayes, Hakeem Olajuwon, and Shaquille O'Neal. Bradley finished the year with a team-record 214 blocked shots; his average of 3.3 per game ranked third in the NBA. Bradley played 7 more seasons in the league, remaining with the Mavericks until his retirement in 2005. Over that span, his playing time slowly declined, mainly due to some injuries and constant juggling of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17069271", "chunk_text": "\"Los Angeles Lakers\"\nhighest average for a career (27.4) while Bryant has the highest points scored in a single game (81). Baylor, Bryant and West hold the top five single season scoring averages, with Bryant occupying the numbers one (35.4) and four (31.6) spots, while Baylor has the second (34.8), and third (34.0), and West the fifth (31.3). The Lakers hold several NBA records as a team including most consecutive games won overall (33) and most consecutive road games won (16) both of which came during the 1971–72 season. Highest field-goal percentage for a season at 54.5% (1984–85), and highest road winning percentage", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8457407", "chunk_text": "\"Alvin Robertson\"\nper game. Though he played only five seasons in San Antonio, he ranks third in club history in total steals, with 1,129. During his San Antonio days, he also recorded a steal in a then-NBA-record 105 consecutive games; Chris Paul surpassed it by recording a steal in 108 consecutive games from 2007 to 2008. A multi-dimensional player, Robertson is one of only four NBA players to record a quadruple-double (double digits in four statistical categories in a single game) when he registered 20 points, 11 rebounds, 10 assists, and 10 steals while playing for the Spurs against the Phoenix Suns", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10511134", "chunk_text": "\"Kyle Korver\"\nmade at least one three-pointer in his final 73 games of the season, the longest active streak in the NBA at the time, a career-best and the fourth longest streak in league history (Dana Barros 89, Michael Adams 79, Dennis Scott 78). In addition, his 189 made threes was the fourth-best single season total in franchise history. On July 12, 2013, Korver re-signed with the Hawks to a four-year, $24 million contract. On December 6, 2013, Korver passed the NBA record for most consecutive games with a made three-pointer (90) originally set by Dana Barros (89). The streak eventually ended", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9134302", "chunk_text": "\"Comeback (sports)\"\nAtlanta Hawks overcame a 26-point deficit in the second quarter to beat the Dallas Mavericks with a final score of 111-104 at State Farm Arena in Atlanta. 26 points - Boston Celtics vs. Houston Rockets (December 28, 2017) The Boston Celtics overcame a 26-point deficit, coming back in the second half to beat the Houston Rockets with a final score of 99-98 at the TD Garden in Boston. 26 points - Cleveland Cavaliers vs. Indiana Pacers (April 20, 2017) Trailing by as much as 26, the Cleveland Cavaliers overcame a 25-point half-time deficit (largest ever overcome), to take a commanding", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7498184", "chunk_text": "\"Glen Rice\"\nthird quarter and 24 points in the second half to finish with 26 points for the game. His 8–11 shooting performance including 4–5 three pointer shooting and his 20 points in the third quarter broke Philadelphia guard Hal Greer's record (19), set in 1968. By scoring 24 in a half, Rice surpassed the previous mark of 23, owned by Wilt Chamberlain and Tom Chambers. Rice's performance is listed on the NBA's 57 Memorable All-Star Moments. His performance helped the Eastern Conference win the game, and earned him the NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award. The Hornets won 54 games,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13603232", "chunk_text": "\"Carmelo Anthony\"\nJanuary 1, and then in a victory over Orlando (40 points, 6 rebounds and 6 assists) on January 5. On January 9, 2013, Anthony was suspended for one game without pay for confronting Kevin Garnett after a game on January 7. On January 30, 2013, in a game against the Orlando Magic, Anthony set the Knicks' team-record with 30 straight 20-point games, breaking the old record set by Richie Guerin (29 games). Anthony later extended the record to 31 games after he scored 25 points in a 96–86 victory against the Milwaukee Bucks. On March 29, 2013, Anthony recorded 32", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8725979", "chunk_text": "\"Andre Drummond\"\nwas the longest streak by a Piston since Dave DeBusschere recorded 13 consecutive double-doubles in 1966–67. On December 18, Drummond recorded 21 rebounds and a career-high 33 points in a 147–144 quadruple-overtime win over the Chicago Bulls. He became the first Pistons player with at least 30 points and 20 rebounds in a game since Dennis Rodman in 1990–91. On January 20, 2016, Drummond set an NBA record for free throws missed in a game with 23, surpassing the previous record of 22 set by Wilt Chamberlain on December 1, 1967. He also set a career high and franchise record", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10651414", "chunk_text": "\"Danny Granger\"\nthree consecutive seasons, and the first Indiana player to average more than 25 points per game in more than 30 years. He ranked fifth in the NBA with 25.8 points and was named the NBA's Most Improved Player. His average was the highest by an Indiana player since Billy Knight's single-season team record of 26.6 points per game in 1976–77. Granger scored 20 or more points in a career-high 16 straight games from December 15 to January 19, tying the longest streak in the Pacers' NBA history. In a three-game span from January 3 to January 7, he scored 35", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4848662", "chunk_text": "\"Bill Laimbeer\"\nbecame the 19th player in league history to amass more than 10,000 points and 10,000 rebounds. Laimbeer was most effective off the defensive glass: from 1982 to 1990 no player in the league totaled more defensive rebounds. He was also remarkably durable, never playing fewer than 79 games in his 14 seasons, and playing all 82 games on seven occasions. His streak of 685 consecutive games played (which ended due to suspension in the 1988-89 season) is the fifth longest in league history. Laimbeer retired early in the 1993-94 season at age 36 after an incident in practice with longtime", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15044804", "chunk_text": "\"Kareem Abdul-Jabbar\"\ndefeating Boston in 1987, and Detroit in 1988. The Lakers lost to the Pistons in a four-game sweep in his final season. At the time of his retirement, Abdul-Jabbar held the record for most games played by a single player in the NBA; this would later be broken by Robert Parish. He also was the all-time record holder for most points (38,387), most field goals made (15,837), and most minutes played (57,446). Since 2005, Abdul-Jabbar has served as a special assistant coach for the Lakers. He had been interested in coaching since his retirement, and given the influence that he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18334454", "chunk_text": "\"Major League Baseball consecutive games played streaks\"\nMajor League Baseball consecutive games played streaks Listed below are the longest consecutive games played in Major League Baseball history. To compile such a streak, a player must appear in every game played by his team. The streak is broken if the team completes a game in which the player neither takes a turn at bat nor plays a half-inning in the field. The record of playing in 2,632 consecutive games over more than 16 years is held by Cal Ripken, Jr. of the Baltimore Orioles. Ripken surpassed Lou Gehrig of the New York Yankees, whose record of 2,130 consecutive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15165008", "chunk_text": "\"Dennis Scott (basketball)\"\npointers on March 12, 2005, and Stephen Curry who made 12 three pointers on February 27, 2016; Curry now owns the record by himself following 13 baskets from behind the arc against the New Orleans Pelicans on November 7, 2016. Scott was honored by the Magic on March 26, 2006 as part of their \"\"Remember the Past Nights\"\" program, where the Magic remembers past players for their accomplishments. Other players to be honored so far were Nick Anderson and Scott Skiles. In 2008, Jay Bilas ranked his personal top 25 three point shooters in NCAA history and Scott was #1", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10258129", "chunk_text": "\"Vince Carter\"\nNBA game, tying him with A. C. Green for 25th on the NBA's career list. He also became the 24th player in NBA history to surpass 24,000 career points. On November 8, he scored 20 points against the Denver Nuggets and became the oldest player in the NBA to post a 20-point game since Michael Jordan scored 25 for the Washington Wizards in April 2003, at age 40. It was also Carter's first 20-point game since April 30, 2014. On November 12, Carter made seven field goals against the Milwaukee Bucks to pass Gary Payton (8,708) for 21st in NBA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4166937", "chunk_text": "\"Double (basketball)\"\ncategories—points, rebounds, assists, steals, and blocks—in a single game. Statistics for steals and blocks were not kept in the NBA until the 1973–74 season, so NBA five-by-fives were only possible from that season onward. Hakeem Olajuwon (six times) and Andrei Kirilenko (three times) are the only players to have recorded multiple five-by-fives (based on records since the season). Both are also the only players to record five-by-sixes (at least six in all five statistical categories). Only twice has a five-by-five coincided with a triple-double (both by Olajuwon; one of which was 1 assist shy of a quadruple double) and only", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7274741", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Miami Heat\"\nin franchise history. On February 21, 2013, Miami forced 27 turnovers from the Chicago Bulls, the most suffered by Chicago since the 28 turnovers against the Washington Wizards in December 2004. With a win against the Sacramento Kings on February 26, 2013, Miami extended their winning streak to 12 straight, tying for their highest point total ever at 141. LeBron James became the first player to shoot 64% FG on at least 200 attempts in a month since Kareem Abdul-Jabbar in March 1983. Following consecutive wins against the Memphis Grizzlies and New York Knicks, the Heat tied their franchise record", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15300542", "chunk_text": "\"Dana Barros\"\n15-assist triple-double effort against the Orlando Magic a few weeks later. Barros was selected to play in the 1995 NBA All-Star Game and at season's end was voted the league's Most Improved Player. He also set an NBA record by making at least one three-pointer in 89 consecutive games from December 23, 1994 until January 10, 1996. This record was broken by Kyle Korver in December 2013. Barros appeared four consecutive times at the AT&T Long Distance Shootout during the All-Star Weekend from 1992 to 1996, coming in second twice. Barros became a free agent at the end of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9406190", "chunk_text": "\"A. C. Green\"\n3-0 by the Charlotte Hornets. Green's consecutive games played streak began on November 19, 1986, when the Los Angeles Lakers defeated the San Antonio Spurs in San Antonio. The streak ended with the last game of his career on April 18, 2001, when the Miami Heat defeated the Orlando Magic in Orlando. In addition to this streak, he also managed to miss only three games throughout his entire playing career, all of which came during his second season in the NBA. Green is known as deeply religious and is well known for proclaiming that he began and ended his NBA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18717287", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Miller (basketball player)\"\nin a game set in February 1999. The two previous games Miller hit seven threes. This made him the first NBA player to hit at least seven three-pointers in three consecutive games since the Dallas Mavericks' George McCloud achieved it in 1996. Miller holds the Memphis Grizzlies franchise record for most points scored in a single game, with 45 on February 21, 2007, against the Golden State Warriors. After the 2006–07 NBA season, Miller was announced as a member of the USA Basketball team. On June 26, 2008, Miller, Brian Cardinal, Jason Collins, and the 5th pick of the 2008", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2731293", "chunk_text": "\"Bill Russell\"\nholds the NBA Finals single-game record for most rebounds (40, March 29, 1960, vs. St. Louis, and April 18, 1962, vs. Los Angeles), most rebounds in a quarter (19, April 18, 1962 vs. Los Angeles), and most consecutive games with 20 or more rebounds (15 from April 9, 1960 – April 16, 1963). He also had 51 in one game, 49 in two others, and twelve straight seasons of 1,000 or more rebounds. Russell was known as one of the most clutch players in the NBA. He played in 11 deciding games (10 times in Game 7s, once in a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "848347", "chunk_text": "\"William Martz\"\nhold the USCF record for the most consecutive rated games without a loss, with 104. Martz was born in Detroit but lived and worked in the Milwaukee area most of his life. He died in Milwaukee of cancer on January 17, 1983, at the age of 37. William Martz vs. Tony Miles, Lone Pine 1976: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.Nf3 cxd4 4.Nxd4 a6 5.g3 d5 6.Bg2 e5 7.Nf3 e4 8.Nfd2 e3 9.fxe3 Ng4 10.cxd5 Nxe3 11.Qa4+ Nd7 12.Qe4+ Qe7 13.Nb3 Nxg2+ 14.Qxg2 Nc5 15.Nxc5 Qxc5 16.Qe4+ Be7 17.Nc3 0-0 18.Be3 Qd6 19.Bf4 Qd8 20.Qd4 Re8 21.0-0 Bf6 22.Qc5 Bh3 23.Bc7", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10651413", "chunk_text": "\"Danny Granger\"\nNovember 4. It was his first and only NBA Player of the Week honor. He set a franchise record by making 65 straight free throws (January 21 to February 22), breaking the record set by Reggie Miller in 2005. On October 31, 2008, Granger signed a five-year contract extension with the Pacers believed to be worth a guaranteed $60 million. The new contract began in 2009–10, with incentives that could have pushed the total closer to $65 million. In 2008–09, Granger became the first player in NBA history to lift his scoring average at least five points per game in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9522969", "chunk_text": "\"Tim Duncan\"\nand right knee soreness, Duncan returned to action on January 2, 2016, against the Houston Rockets. In his return game, Duncan was held scoreless for the first time in his 19-year career; giving him the most consecutive games with at least one point, at 1,359. Four days later, Duncan scored a then season-high 18 points in a 123–98 win over the Utah Jazz, helping the Spurs extend its franchise-record home winning streak to 30 straight regular-season games dating to 2014–15. On February 10, he returned to the starting lineup after missing eight games with a sore knee. On February 27,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13470698", "chunk_text": "\"Shane Battier\"\nby the 2007–08 Rockets, for whom Battier also played. Battier became the only player in NBA history to have been a part of two 20-game winning streaks. Battier struggled with his shooting in the playoffs until scoring 18 points (6 of 8 3-point field goals) in an intense Game 7 against the Spurs to win his second championship. While being awarded the Larry O'Brien Championship Trophy, Battier was asked to speak about his performance, and concisely said that \"\"it's better to be timely than good\"\". In March 2014, Battier announced his intentions to retire following the 2013–14 season. The Heat", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1123983", "chunk_text": "\"Tyreke Evans\"\nassists and 10 rebounds. Evans became just the fourth player in NBA history to average at least 20 points, 5 rebounds and 5 assists in his rookie year, joining Oscar Robertson (1960–61), Michael Jordan (1984–85) and LeBron James (2003–04). On April 27, 2010, Evans was recognized for his accomplishments by being awarded the 2009–10 NBA Rookie of the Year Award. On December 29, 2010, in a game against the Memphis Grizzlies, winning by one point with only seconds remaining, O. J. Mayo hit an off balance shot to put Memphis up by one. With no timeouts remaining, DeMarcus Cousins inbounded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13603242", "chunk_text": "\"Carmelo Anthony\"\nthe Knicks' franchise record, and the Madison Square Garden record for single-game scoring with a 62-point, 13-rebound, 0 turnover effort against the Charlotte Bobcats. On January 30, 2014, in a 117-86 victory against the Cleveland Cavaliers, Anthony became the 50th NBA player to score 19,000 career points. In doing so at the age of 29 years and 246 days old, Anthony became the 5th-youngest NBA player to achieve the feat, only beaten by LeBron James (27 years and 111 days), Kobe Bryant (28 and 223), Michael Jordan (29 and 62) and Wilt Chamberlain (29 and 75). On February 5, 2014,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20204446", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Miami Heat\"\nfor longest win streak at 14, first set in the 2004–05 season. A win against the Indiana Pacers extended the streak to 18, marking the first time the Heat has ever defeated all 29 teams in a single season. Dwyane Wade became the first guard since Michael Jordan in 1995–96 to score 20-plus with 50 percent-plus shooting in 11 straight games. Chris Bosh, though averaging a career low in minutes played, was having his most efficient shooting percentage to date, at over 51%. The winning streak continued on March 18, where they defeated the Boston Celtics five years to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3353	who used the word physiology for the first time?	n/a	[ "Jean Fernel" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16522705", "chunk_text": "\"Jean Fernel\"\nHis early understanding of physiology, especially of the brain, was represented by three statements commonly quoted in physiological history: His medical works included \"\"De naturali parte medicinae\"\" (1542), \"\"De vacuandi ratione\"\" (1545), \"\"De abditis rerum causis\"\" (1548) which included a chapter on angelology and demonology. What has been called his \"\"crowning work\"\", \"\"Universa Medicina\"\", comprises three parts: the \"\"Physiologia\"\" (developed from the \"\"De naturali parte\"\"), the \"\"Pathologia\"\", and the \"\"Therapeutice\"\". Jean Fernel Jean François Fernel (in Latin, Fernelius) (1497 – 26 April 1558) was a French physician who introduced the term \"\"physiology\"\" to describe the study of the body's function.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5528945", "chunk_text": "Physiology\nnutrition and growth. Galen was also the founder of experimental physiology. And for the next 1,400 years, Galenic physiology was a powerful and influential tool in medicine. Jean Fernel (1497–1558), a French physician, introduced the term \"\"physiology\"\". Galen, Ibn al-Nafis, Michael Servetus, Realdo Colombo, Amato Lusitano and William Harvey, are credited as making important discoveries in the circulation of the blood. Santorio Santorio in 1610s was the first to use a device to measure the pulse rate (the \"\"pulsilogium\"\"), and a thermoscope to measure temperature. In 1791 Luigi Galvani described the role of electricity in nerves of dissected frogs. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5528942", "chunk_text": "Physiology\nable to freely exchange genes through conjugation, transformation and transduction, even between widely divergent species. The study of human physiology as a medical field originates in classical Greece, at the time of Hippocrates (late 5th century BC). Outside of Western tradition, early forms of physiology or anatomy can be reconstructed as having been present at around the same time in China, India and elsewhere. Hippocrates incorporated his belief system called the theory of humours, which consisted of four basic substance: earth, water, air and fire. Each substance is known for having a corresponding humour: black bile, phlegm, blood and yellow", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10799801", "chunk_text": "\"Human body\"\nwriting the influential book \"\"De humani corporis fabrica\"\". Anatomy advanced further with the invention of the microscope and the study of the cellular structure of tissues and organs. Modern anatomy uses techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, fluoroscopy and ultrasound imaging to study the body in unprecedented detail. The study of human physiology began with Hippocrates in Ancient Greece, around 420 BC, and with Aristotle (384–322 BC) who applied critical thinking and emphasis on the relationship between structure and function. Galen (c. 126–199) was the first to use experiments to probe the body's functions. The term physiology was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16522702", "chunk_text": "\"Jean Fernel\"\nJean Fernel Jean François Fernel (in Latin, Fernelius) (1497 – 26 April 1558) was a French physician who introduced the term \"\"physiology\"\" to describe the study of the body's function. He was the first person to describe the spinal canal. The lunar crater Fernelius is named after him. Fernel suggested that taste buds are sensitive to fat, an idea which research in the early 21st Century proved to be correct. He was born at Montdidier and, after receiving his early education at Claremont, he entered the College of Sainte-Barbe, Paris. At first he devoted himself to mathematical and astronomical studies;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5528952", "chunk_text": "Physiology\nseen as an integrative discipline, which can put together into a coherent framework data coming from various different domains. Initially, women were largely excluded from official involvement in any physiological society. The American Physiological Society, for example, was founded in 1887 and included only men in its ranks. In 1902, the American Physiological Society elected Ida Hyde as the first female member of the society. Hyde, a representative of the American Association of University Women and a global advocate for gender equality in education, attempted to promote gender equality in every aspect of science and medicine. Soon thereafter, in 1913,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1796375", "chunk_text": "Neurophysiology\nwith cerebrospinal fluid. In 1542, the term physiology was used for the first time by a French physician named Jean Fernel, to explain bodily function in relation to the brain. In 1543, Andreas Vesalius wrote De humani corporis fabrica, which revolutionized the study of anatomy. In this book, he described the pineal gland and what he believed the function was, and was able to draw the corpus striatum which is made up of the basal ganglia and the internal capsule. In 1549, published De Cerebri Morbis. This book was devoted to neurological diseases, and discussed symptoms, as well as ideas", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7823550", "chunk_text": "\"William Harvey\"\nwas also an intense and dedicated observer of birds during his free time: several long and detailed passages of citations could be written delineating his observations in such places as the \"\"Pile of Boulders\"\" (a small island in Lancashire) and 'Bass Rock' (island off the East Coast of Scotland). William Harvey William Harvey (1 April 1578 – 3 June 1657) was an English physician who made seminal contributions in anatomy and physiology. He was the first known physician to describe completely, and in detail, the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the brain and body by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1065810", "chunk_text": "\"John Call Dalton\"\nJohn Call Dalton John Call Dalton (February 2, 1825 – February 12, 1889) was an American physiologist who became the first full-time professor of physiology in the United States. Dalton was born in Chelmsford, Massachusetts. He studied under French physiologist Claude Bernard in France. Dalton had two understudies: John Green Curtis and William Stewart Halsted. Dalton and Curtis were associated with the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York. Dalton was a professor of physiology at the college; however, it is unclear whether his son was as well. Dalton received his undergraduate and medical degrees from Harvard", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5528953", "chunk_text": "Physiology\nJ.S. Haldane proposed that women be allowed to formally join The Physiological Society, which had been founded in 1876. On 3 July 1915, six women were officially admitted: Florence Buchanan, Winifred Cullis, Ruth C. Skelton, Sarah C. M. Sowton, Constance Leetham Terry, and Enid M. Tribe. The centenary of the election of women was celebrated in 2015 with the publication of the book \"\"Women Physiologists: Centenary Celebrations And Beyond For The Physiological Society.\"\" () Prominent women physiologists include: There are many ways to categorize the subdiscplines of physiology: Human physiology Animal physiology Plant physiology Fungal physiology Protistan physiology Algal physiology", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10501301", "chunk_text": "Physiology\nantiseptics in the operating room, and as a result decreased death rate from surgery by a substantial amount. The Physiological Society was founded in London in 1876 as a dining club. The American Physiological Society (APS) is a nonprofit organization that was founded in 1887. The Society is, \"\"devoted to fostering education, scientific research, and dissemination of information in the physiological sciences.\"\" In 1891, Ivan Pavlov performed research on \"\"conditional responses\"\" that involved dogs' saliva production in response to a bell and visual stimuli. In the 19th century, physiological knowledge began to accumulate at a rapid rate, in particular with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5528949", "chunk_text": "Physiology\nthe 1838 appearance of the Cell theory of Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann. It radically stated that organisms are made up of units called cells. Claude Bernard's (1813–1878) further discoveries ultimately led to his concept of \"\"milieu interieur\"\" (internal environment), which would later be taken up and championed as \"\"homeostasis\"\" by American physiologist Walter B. Cannon in 1929. By homeostasis, Cannon meant \"\"the maintenance of steady states in the body and the physiological processes through which they are regulated.\"\" In other words, the body's ability to regulate its internal environment. William Beaumont was the first American to utilize the practical", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "228895", "chunk_text": "\"John Call Dalton\"\na member in 1864. Speech Script : University of Michigan, University Library John Call Dalton John Call Dalton (February 2, 1825 – February 12, 1889) was an American physiologist who became the first full-time professor of physiology in the United States. Dalton was born in Chelmsford, Massachusetts. He studied under French physiologist Claude Bernard in France. Dalton had two understudies: John Green Curtis and William Stewart Halsted. Dalton and Curtis were associated with the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York. Dalton was a professor of physiology at the college; however, it is unclear whether his son", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5528943", "chunk_text": "Physiology\nbile, respectively. Hippocrates also noted some emotional connections to the four humours, which Claudius Galenus would later expand on. The critical thinking of Aristotle and his emphasis on the relationship between structure and function marked the beginning of physiology in Ancient Greece. Like Hippocrates, Aristotle took to the humoral theory of disease, which also consisted of four primary qualities in life: hot, cold, wet and dry. Claudius Galenus (c. ~130–200 AD), known as Galen of Pergamum, was the first to use experiments to probe the functions of the body. Unlike Hippocrates, Galen argued that humoral imbalances can be located in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1522529", "chunk_text": "\"Morphology (biology)\"\nthe Ancient Greek \"\"μορφή\"\", \"\"morphé\"\", meaning \"\"form\"\", and \"\"λόγος\"\", \"\"lógos\"\", meaning \"\"word, study, research\"\". While the concept of form in biology, opposed to function, dates back to Aristotle (see Aristotle's biology), the field of morphology was developed by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1790) and independently by the German anatomist and physiologist Karl Friedrich Burdach (1800). Among other important theorists of morphology are Lorenz Oken, Georges Cuvier, Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Richard Owen, Karl Gegenbaur and Ernst Haeckel. In 1830, Cuvier and E.G.Saint-Hilaire engaged in a famous debate, which is said to exemplify the two major deviations in biological thinking at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8546972", "chunk_text": "\"Carl Ludwig\"\nCarl Ludwig Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig (; 29 December 1816 – 23 April 1895) was a German physician and physiologist. His work as both a researcher and teacher had a major influence on the understanding, methods and apparatus used in almost all branches of physiology. In 1842 Ludwig became a professor of physiology and in 1846 of comparative anatomy. From professorships in Zurich and Vienna he went in 1865 to the University of Leipzig and developed there the Physiological Institute, designated today after him: Carl Ludwig Institute of Physiology. Ludwig researched several topics such as the physiology of blood pressure,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7823511", "chunk_text": "\"William Harvey\"\nWilliam Harvey William Harvey (1 April 1578 – 3 June 1657) was an English physician who made seminal contributions in anatomy and physiology. He was the first known physician to describe completely, and in detail, the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the brain and body by the heart, though earlier writers, such as Realdo Colombo, Michael Servetus, and Jacques Dubois, had provided precursors of the theory. In 1973, the William Harvey Hospital was constructed in the town of Ashford, a few miles from his birthplace of Folkestone. William's father, Thomas Harvey, was a jurat of Folkestone", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16522663", "chunk_text": "\"Bartolomeo Eustachi\"\nBartolomeo Eustachi Bartolomeo Eustachi (1500 or 1514 – 27 August 1574), also known by his Latin name of Eustachius (pronounced in English ), was one of the founders of the science of human anatomy. He came from San Severino, near Macerata, Italy, and was a contemporary of Vesalius, with whom he shares the reputation of having created the science of human anatomy. He is known as a supporter of Galen and extended the knowledge of the internal ear by rediscovering and describing correctly the tube that bears his name. He is the first who described the internal and anterior muscles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "894052", "chunk_text": "\"The Physiological Society\"\nEmanuel Edward Klein, Edward Schafer, Francis Darwin, George Romanes, and Gerald Yeo. The aim was to promote the advancement of physiology. Charles Darwin and William Sharpey were elected as The Society's first two Honorary Members. The Society first met at Sanderson's London home. The first rules of The Society offered membership to no more than 40, all of whom should be male \"\"working\"\" physiologists. Women were first admitted as members in 1915 and the centenary of this event was celebrated in 2015 Michael Foster was also founder of \"\"The Journal of Physiology\"\" in 1878, and was appointed to the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5528950", "chunk_text": "Physiology\napplication of physiology. Nineteenth century physiologists such as Michael Foster, Max Verworn, and Alfred Binet, based on Haeckel's ideas, elaborated what came to be called \"\"general physiology\"\", a unified science of life based on the cell actions, later renamed in the 20th century as cell biology. In the 20th century, biologists became interested in how organisms other than human beings function, eventually spawning the fields of comparative physiology and ecophysiology. Major figures in these fields include Knut Schmidt-Nielsen and George Bartholomew. Most recently, evolutionary physiology has become a distinct subdiscipline. In 1920, August Krogh won the Nobel Prize for discovering", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18611996", "chunk_text": "\"Anna Kingsford\"\nhusband, the two began to collaborate, Maitland accompanying her to Paris when she decided to study medicine. Paris was at that time the center of a revolution in the study of physiology, much of it as a result of experiments on animals, particularly dogs, and mostly conducted without anaesthetic. Claude Bernard (1813–1878), described as the \"\"father of physiology\"\", was working there, and famously said that \"\"the physiologist is not an ordinary man: he is a scientist, possessed and absorbed by the scientific idea he pursues. He does not hear the cries of the animals, he does not see their flowing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17627748", "chunk_text": "Pathophysiology\nAncient Greek πάθος (\"\"pathos\"\") and φυσιολογία (\"\"phusiologia\"\"). In Germany in the 1830s, Johannes Müller led the establishment of physiology research autonomous from medical research. In 1843, the Berlin Physical Society was founded in part to purge biology and medicine of vitalism, and in 1847 Hermann von Helmholtz, who joined the Society in 1845, published the paper \"\"On the conservation of energy\"\", highly influential to reduce physiology's research foundation to physical sciences. In the late 1850s, German anatomical pathologist Rudolf Virchow, a former student of Müller, directed focus to the cell, establishing cytology as the focus of physiological research, while Julius", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10499040", "chunk_text": "Neurophysiology\nRené Descartes studied the pineal gland. He mistakenly believed that it was the \"\"soul\"\" of the brain, and believed it was where thoughts formed. In 1658, Johann Jakob Wepfer studied a patient in which he believed that a broken blood vessel had caused apoplexy, or a stroke. In 1749, David Hartley published Observations on Man, which focused on frame (neurology), duty (moral psychology) and expectations (spirituality) and how these integrated within one another. This text was also the first to use the English term psychology. In 1752, the Society of Friends created an asylum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The asylum intended", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1796374", "chunk_text": "Neurophysiology\nto write about different surgical treatments for neurological disorders. In 1216, the first anatomy textbook in Europe, which included a description of the brain, was written by Mondino de Luzzi. In 1402, St Mary of Bethlehem Hospital (later known as Bedlam in Britain) was the first hospital used exclusively for the mentally ill. In 1504, Leonardo da Vinci continued his study of the human body with a wax cast of the human ventricle system. In 1536, Nicolo Massa described the effects of different diseases, such as syphilis on the nervous system. He also noticed that the ventricular cavities were filled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9632438", "chunk_text": "\"Herman Boerhaave\"\nHerman Boerhaave Herman Boerhaave (, 31 December 1668 – 23 September 1738) was a Dutch botanist, chemist, Christian humanist, and physician of European fame. He is regarded as the founder of clinical teaching and of the modern academic hospital and is sometimes referred to as \"\"the father of physiology,\"\" along with Venetian physician Santorio Santorio (1561–1636). Boerhaave introduced the quantitative approach into medicine, along with his pupil Albrecht von Haller (1708–1777) and is best known for demonstrating the relation of symptoms to lesions. He was the first to isolate the chemical urea from urine. He was the first physician to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19503372", "chunk_text": "\"History of biochemistry\"\nvon Liebig from 1842, \"\"Animal chemistry, or, Organic chemistry in its applications to physiology and pathology\"\", which presented a chemical theory of metabolism, or even earlier to the 18th century studies on fermentation and respiration by Antoine Lavoisier. The term “biochemistry” itself is derived from the combining form \"\"bio-\"\", meaning \"\"life\"\", and \"\"chemistry\"\". The word is first recorded in English in 1848, while in 1877, Felix Hoppe-Seyler used the term (\"\"Biochemie\"\" in German) in the foreword to the first issue of \"\"Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie\"\" (Journal of Physiological Chemistry) as a synonym for physiological chemistry and argued for the setting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13995092", "chunk_text": "\"Albrecht von Haller\"\nAlbrecht von Haller Albrecht von Haller (also known as Albertus de Haller) (16 October 170812 December 1777) was a Swiss anatomist, physiologist, naturalist, encyclopedist, bibliographer and poet. A pupil of Herman Boerhaave, he is often referred to as \"\"the father of modern physiology.\"\" Haller was born into an old Swiss family at Bern. Prevented by long-continued ill-health from taking part in boyish sports, he had more opportunity for the development of his precocious mind. At the age of four, it is said, he used to read and expound the Bible to his father's servants; before he was ten he had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8360241", "chunk_text": "\"The Physiological Society\"\nThe Physiological Society The Physiological Society, founded in 1876, is a learned society for physiologists in the United Kingdom. The Physiological Society was founded in 1876 as a dining society \"\"for mutual benefit and protection\"\" by a group of 19 physiologists, led by John Burdon Sanderson and Michael Foster, as a result of the 1875 Royal Commission on Vivisection and the subsequent 1876 Cruelty to Animals Act. Other founding members included: William Sharpey, Thomas Huxley, George Henry Lewes, Francis Galton, John Marshall, George Murray Humphry, Frederick William Pavy, Lauder Brunton, David Ferrier, Philip Pye-Smith, Walter H. Gaskell, John Gray McKendrick,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1407854", "chunk_text": "\"Energy (psychological)\"\nrevolution\"\" xv.192, 1944). In 1874, the concept of \"\"psychodynamics\"\" was proposed with the publication of \"\"Lectures on Physiology\"\" by German physiologist Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke who, in coordination with physicist Hermann von Helmholtz, one of the formulators of the first law of thermodynamics (conservation of energy), supposed that all living organisms are energy-systems also governed by this principle. During this year, at the University of Vienna, Brücke served as supervisor for first-year medical student Sigmund Freud who adopted this new \"\"dynamic\"\" physiology. In his \"\"Lectures on Physiology\"\", Brücke set forth the then-radical view that the living organism is a dynamic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2487382", "chunk_text": "\"Herman Boerhaave\"\nand opened doors of novel reasoning leading up to the medical enlightenment germane to iatrochemistry. Herman Boerhaave Herman Boerhaave (, 31 December 1668 – 23 September 1738) was a Dutch botanist, chemist, Christian humanist, and physician of European fame. He is regarded as the founder of clinical teaching and of the modern academic hospital and is sometimes referred to as \"\"the father of physiology,\"\" along with Venetian physician Santorio Santorio (1561–1636). Boerhaave introduced the quantitative approach into medicine, along with his pupil Albrecht von Haller (1708–1777) and is best known for demonstrating the relation of symptoms to lesions. He was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19882790", "chunk_text": "\"Pflügers Archiv: European Journal of Physiology\"\nbasic physiological functions\"\". \"\"Pflügers Archiv\"\" is the oldest physiological journal. It was founded in 1868 by the German physiologist, Eduard Friedrich Wilhelm Pflüger, under the title \"\"Archiv für die gesamte Physiologie des Menschen und der Tiere\"\". It was published in German. The first issue of the journal contains 26 articles, with contributors including Hermann Rudolph Aubert, Julius Bernstein, Johann Nepomuk Czermak, Franciscus Donders, Sigmund Exner, Siegmund Mayer, Peter Ludvig Panum, William Thierry Preyer, Salomon Stricker, Hermann von Helmholtz, Friedrich Wilhelm Zahn and Nathan Zuntz. It includes the earliest accurate description of the action potential, by Julius Bernstein, using an apparatus", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5528951", "chunk_text": "Physiology\nhow, in capillaries, blood flow is regulated. In 1954, Andrew Huxley and Hugh Huxley, alongside their research team, discovered the sliding filaments in skeletal muscle, known today as the sliding filament theory. Recently, there have been intense debates about the vitality of physiology as a discipline (Is it dead or alive?). If physiology is perhaps less visible nowadays than during the golden age of the 19th century, it is in large part because the field has given birth to some of the most active domains of today's biological sciences, such as neuroscience, endocrinology, and immunology. Furthermore, physiology is still often", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8546980", "chunk_text": "\"Carl Ludwig\"\nof an anesthetic), but to ensure that the deductions drawn from them should have their full scientific value. Carl Ludwig Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig (; 29 December 1816 – 23 April 1895) was a German physician and physiologist. His work as both a researcher and teacher had a major influence on the understanding, methods and apparatus used in almost all branches of physiology. In 1842 Ludwig became a professor of physiology and in 1846 of comparative anatomy. From professorships in Zurich and Vienna he went in 1865 to the University of Leipzig and developed there the Physiological Institute, designated today", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5048569", "chunk_text": "\"Niccolò Massa\"\nhim. Like many well-known physicians of his day he is less well-known today because his name is not associated with the discovery of any modern medical fact. Niccolò Massa Niccolò Massa (; 1485–1569) was an Italian anatomist who wrote an early anatomy text \"\"Anatomiae Libri Introductorius\"\" in 1536. In 1536 he described the cerebrospinal fluid. Massa graduated from the Venetian College of Physicians with a degree in surgery in 1515 and then with a degree in medicine in 1521. He lived and practice medicine in Venice his entire life and was one of the most widely respected physicians of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19954579", "chunk_text": "\"The Journal of General Physiology\"\nThe Journal of General Physiology Journal of General Physiology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Rockefeller University Press. The journal covers biological, chemical, or physical mechanisms of broad physiological significance. The major emphasis is on physiological problems at the cellular and molecular level. The journal was established in 1918 by Jacques Loeb. Editing duties were shared with Winthrop Osterhout of Harvard University. The initial rationale for the journal was stated in this extract from the 1918 announcement of publication: Under the pressure of demands of medicine and other professions, physiology has developed in the direction of an applied science,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10501299", "chunk_text": "Physiology\n1811, Julien Jean César Legallois studied respiration in animal dissection and lesions and found the center of respiration in the medulla oblongata. In the same year, Charles Bell finished work on what would later become known as the Bell-Magendie law, which compared functional differences between dorsal and ventral roots of the spinal cord. In 1824, François Magendie described the sensory roots and produced the first evidence of the cerebellum’s role in equilibration to complete the Bell-Magendie law. In the 1820s, the French physiologist Henri Milne-Edwards introduced the notion of physiological division of labor, which allowed to \"\"compare and study living", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13293944", "chunk_text": "Psychology\nLatinist Marko Marulić in his book, \"\"Psichiologia de ratione animae humanae\"\" in the late 15th century or early 16th century. The earliest known reference to the word \"\"psychology\"\" in English was by Steven Blankaart in 1694 in \"\"The Physical Dictionary\"\" which refers to \"\"Anatomy, which treats the Body, and Psychology, which treats of the Soul.\"\" In 1890, William James defined \"\"psychology\"\" as \"\"the science of mental life, both of its phenomena and their conditions\"\". This definition enjoyed widespread currency for decades. However, this meaning was contested, notably by radical behaviorists such as John B. Watson, who in his 1913 manifesto", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13835889", "chunk_text": "\"H. Newell Martin\"\nH. Newell Martin Henry Newell Martin, FRS (1 July 1848 – 27 October 1896) was a British physiologist. He was born in Newry, County Down, the son of Henry Martin, a Congregational minister, and educated at the University of London and Christ's College, Cambridge. In 1876 he was appointed to the first professorship of physiology at Johns Hopkins University in the United States. He co-wrote with Thomas Huxley \"\"Practical instruction in elementary biology\"\". He collaborated with George Nuttall. He developed the first isolated mammalian heart lung preparation (first described in 1881) which Starling later used to great effect. Martin's own", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1614278", "chunk_text": "\"History of biology\"\n\"\"science of\"\", \"\"knowledge of\"\", \"\"study of\"\", \"\"about of\"\", based on the Greek verb λέγειν, 'legein' \"\"to select\"\", \"\"to gather\"\" (cf. the noun λόγος, 'logos' \"\"word\"\"). The term \"\"biology\"\" in its modern sense appears to have been introduced independently by Thomas Beddoes (in 1799), Karl Friedrich Burdach (in 1800), Gottfried Reinhold Treviranus (\"\"Biologie oder Philosophie der lebenden Natur\"\", 1802) and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (\"\"Hydrogéologie\"\", 1802). The word itself appears in the title of Volume 3 of Michael Christoph Hanow's \"\"Philosophiae naturalis sive physicae dogmaticae: Geologia, biologia, phytologia generalis et dendrologia\"\", published in 1766. Before \"\"biology\"\", there were several terms used for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6618806", "chunk_text": "\"Krogh's principle\"\nthe principle was first elucidated nearly 60 years prior to this, and in almost the same words as Krogh, in 1865 by Claude Bernard, the French instigator of experimental medicine, on page 27 of his \"\"Introduction à l'étude de la médecine expérimentale\"\": Krogh wrote the following in his 1929 treatise on the then current 'status' of physiology (emphasis added): \"\"Krogh's principle\"\" was not utilized as a formal term until 1975 when the biochemist Hans Adolf Krebs (who initially described the Citric Acid Cycle), first referred to it. More recently, at the International Society for Neuroethology meeting in Nyborg, Denmark in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12236037", "chunk_text": "Biology\nwhen Swedish scientist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) used \"\"biologi\"\" in his \"\"Bibliotheca botanica\"\". It was used again in 1766 in a work entitled \"\"Philosophiae naturalis sive physicae: tomus III, continens geologian, biologian, phytologian generalis\"\", by Michael Christoph Hanov, a disciple of Christian Wolff. The first German use, \"\"Biologie\"\", was in a 1771 translation of Linnaeus' work. In 1797, Theodor Georg August Roose used the term in the preface of a book, \"\"Grundzüge der Lehre van der Lebenskraft\"\". Karl Friedrich Burdach used the term in 1800 in a more restricted sense of the study of human beings from a morphological,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11891455", "chunk_text": "\"Charles Gilbert Chaddock\"\npublishing a translation of Babinski's work. Chaddock introduced his eponymous reflex in 1911, calling it the \"\"External Malleolar sign\"\". He also described an analogous sign in the upper limb. He is also credited with the first use of the word homosexual in the English language, as well as the first use of the word bisexual in its current sense of being sexually attracted to both women and men, in his translation of Richard von Krafft-Ebing's \"\"Psychopathia Sexualis\"\" in 1892. Prior to this, \"\"bisexual\"\" was usually used to mean hermaphroditic. Charles Gilbert Chaddock Charles Gilbert Chaddock (1861–1936) was an American neurologist", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4680604", "chunk_text": "\"The Physiological Society\"\nHuxley and Bernard Katz. Named for Joan Mott. Named for . Named for Otto Hutter. Named for William D.M. Paton. Named after Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer. The Physiological Society The Physiological Society, founded in 1876, is a learned society for physiologists in the United Kingdom. The Physiological Society was founded in 1876 as a dining society \"\"for mutual benefit and protection\"\" by a group of 19 physiologists, led by John Burdon Sanderson and Michael Foster, as a result of the 1875 Royal Commission on Vivisection and the subsequent 1876 Cruelty to Animals Act. Other founding members included: William Sharpey, Thomas Huxley,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11062466", "chunk_text": "\"Adolf Eugen Fick\"\nAdolf Eugen Fick Adolf Eugen Fick (3 September 1829 – 21 August 1901) was a German-born physician and physiologist. Fick began his work in the formal study of mathematics and physics before realising an aptitude for medicine. He then earned his doctorate in medicine from the University of Marburg in 1851. As a fresh medical graduate, he began his work as a prosector. In 1855, he introduced Fick's laws of diffusion, which govern the diffusion of a gas across a fluid membrane. In 1870, he was the first to measure cardiac output, using what is now called the Fick principle.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "502879", "chunk_text": "\"Arthur Guyton\"\nArthur Guyton Arthur Clifton Guyton (September 8, 1919 – April 3, 2003) was an American physiologist. Guyton is well known for his \"\"Textbook of Medical Physiology\"\", which quickly became the standard text on the subject in medical schools. The first edition was published in 1956, the 10th edition in 2000 (the last before Guyton's death), and the 12th edition in 2010. The 13th edition is the most current version available. It is the world's best-selling medical physiology textbook and has been translated into at least 15 languages. \"\"Textbook of Medical Physiology\"\" is the world's best-selling physiology text and has been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5528947", "chunk_text": "Physiology\nthings as if they were machines created by the industry of man.\"\" Inspired in the work of Adam Smith, Milne-Edwards wrote that the \"\"body of all living beings, whether animal or plant, resembles a factory ... where the organs, comparable to workers, work incessantly to produce the phenomena that constitute the life of the individual.\"\" In more differentiated organisms, the functional labor could be apportioned between different instruments or systems (called by him as \"\"appareils\"\"). In 1858, Joseph Lister studied the cause of blood coagulation and inflammation that resulted after previous injuries and surgical wounds. He later discovered and implemented", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4074870", "chunk_text": "\"John Hughes Bennett\"\n(1853); \"\"Textbook of Physiology\"\" (1871–1872). Because Bennett introduced practical classes in the teaching of physiology, he is considered the father of physiological education in medical schools. He was also the first to teach the clinical use of the microscope systematically and its uses in the teaching of pathology and physiology. He opposed bloodletting and was highly influential in changing medical therapeutics towards a more science-based approach in the second half of the 19th century. He supported the admission of women to medical schools and advocated a better interaction between medical specialities. In 1901, the University of Edinburgh inaugurated the \"\"John", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1614315", "chunk_text": "\"History of biology\"\ndiastase in 1833. By the end of the 19th century the concept of enzymes was well established, though equations of chemical kinetics would not be applied to enzymatic reactions until the early 20th century. Physiologists such as Claude Bernard explored (through vivisection and other experimental methods) the chemical and physical functions of living bodies to an unprecedented degree, laying the groundwork for endocrinology (a field that developed quickly after the discovery of the first hormone, secretin, in 1902), biomechanics, and the study of nutrition and digestion. The importance and diversity of experimental physiology methods, within both medicine and biology, grew", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18804553", "chunk_text": "\"Theodor Schwann\"\n\"\"Microscopical researches\"\", Schwann introduced the term \"\"metabolism\"\", which he first used in the German adjectival form \"\"metabolische\"\" to describe the chemical action of cells. French texts in the 1860s began to use \"\"le métabolisme\"\". \"\"Metabolism\"\" was introduced into English by Michael Foster in his \"\"Textbook of Physiology\"\" in 1878. Theodor Schwann Theodor Schwann (; 7 December 1810 – 11 January 1882) was a German physician and physiologist. His most significant contribution to biology is considered to be the extension of cell theory to animals. Other contributions include the discovery of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, the discovery and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17146856", "chunk_text": "\"Georg Prochaska\"\nwas a brain function, while reflex was spinal-based. One of Prochaska's better-known writings is \"\"Dissertation on the Functions of the Nervous System\"\", a work that was later combined with John Augustus Unzer's \"\"The Principles of Physiology\"\" as one publication, being translated and edited by English physiologist Thomas Laycock (1812–1876). Georg Prochaska Georg Prochaska (April 10, 1749 in Blížkovice near Mahrisch Budwitz – July 17, 1820 in Vienna) (first name sometimes referred to as Juri, Jiří or Georgius) () was a leading Czech-Austrian anatomist, ophthalmologist, physiologist, writer and university professor. He wrote the first genuine textbook on physiology and created the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3354	who won season 5 of hell's kitchen?	n/a	[ "Executive Chef Danny Veltri", "Danny Veltri" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20666124", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 5)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 5) Season 5 of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" began airing on the Fox Network starting on January 29, 2009. The season concluded on May 14, 2009. Gordon Ramsay returned as head chef, as well as sous chefs Scott Leibfried and Gloria Felix and maître d' Jean-Philippe Susilovic. Executive Chef Danny Veltri won the series and was awarded a sous chef position under Stephen Kalt at Italian restaurant \"\"Fornelletto\"\" at the Borgata in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Danny also received $250,000 in prize money from the show. This season also featured a high", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "722999", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 5)\"\nwhich Ramsay can impose additional punishments or kick chefs out of the kitchen. The losing team(s) nominates chefs to be considered for elimination. Ramsay can also nominate chefs, and ultimately sends a chef home. At six chefs left, the teams merge to one, and the chefs compete as individuals. Gordon Ramsay returned as the head chef, sous chefs Scott Leibfried of blue team and Gloria Félix of the red team, and Maître d' Jean-Philippe Susilovic as well. The chefs are shown alongside an elaborate Rube Goldberg machine as it plays out in the kitchen. 16 chefs competed in Season 5,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15663157", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 13)\"\nwon the competition, becoming the first winner since Christina Wilson, Holli Ugalde and Dave Levey to completely avoid nomination for elimination throughout the entire season. This is also the first time that the series had a new narrator. However, the identity of the new narrator was never revealed. The chefs battle against each other in an epic gladiator showdown at the Colosseum while Ramsay watches from the balcony. Eighteen chefs competed in season 13 for the first time since season 10. Each episode consists of a challenge with a reward, a service and an elimination. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Frank would go on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20672766", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 17)\"\nRamsay returns as host and head chef, Season 10 winner (and Season 15 sous-chef) Christina Wilson returns as the Red Team's sous-chef replacing Andi Van Willigan-Cutspec, and British \"\"MasterChef\"\" judge James \"\"Jocky\"\" Petrie makes his \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" debut as the Blue Team's sous-chef replacing Aaron Mitrano. Marino Monferrato returns as the maître d'. Season 14's Michelle Tribble, who previously finished in third place, won the competition. Ramsay uses his telekinesis to destroy Hell's Kitchen while leaving the building as the intro ends with the title card featuring him and the all stars. This is the first season that doesn't list", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7095017", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 11)\"\nchallenges or vice versa). This was also the second season to feature two female finalists (the first being season 2's Virginia Dalbeck and Heather West). Executive chef Ja'Nel Witt won the competition and received a head chef position at Gordon Ramsay Pub & Grill in Caesars Palace at Las Vegas. However, on August 23, 2013, it was announced that Witt was denied the position at the restaurant after testing positive for cocaine, though she retained her salary and her title as the winner of season 11. Jon Scallion, who finished third and was deemed by Ramsay as the only great", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12614630", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. TV series)\"\nreplaced Susilovic for Seasons 8–10. Each team also has the services of one of two sous-chefs. The current sous-chefs are Season 10 winner Christina Wilson and James \"\"Jocky\"\" Petrie. Previous sous-chefs were Mary Ann Salcedo, Gloria Felix, Season 2 winner Heather West, Scott Leibfried, James Avery, Aaron Mitrano and Andi Van Willigan. In Season 15, Wilson filled in for Van Willigan-Cutspec who was getting married at the time of filming but returned for one episode when her reception was one of the themed dinner services for that season. Van-Willigan returned in season 16 but was replaced by Wilson again for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "120302", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 15)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 15) The fifteenth season of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" took place in October 2014 and premiered on January 15, 2016 on Fox. The prize was a head chef position at BLT Steak at Bally's Las Vegas. Country Club Chef Ariel Malone won the competition. Gordon Ramsay and Marino Monferrato returned as head chef and Maître d' respectively. Season 10 winner Christina Wilson was the initial sous chef for the red team while Andi Van Willigan-Cutspec, who got married, returned in episode 7 of this season. Aaron Mitrano replaced James Avery as sous", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10750328", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 18)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 18) Hell's Kitchen: Rookies vs Veterans is the eighteenth season of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" and premiered on September 28, 2018, on Fox. Gordon Ramsay returns as host and head chef, and Season 10 winner Christina Wilson and British \"\"MasterChef\"\" judge James \"\"Jocky\"\" Petrie return as the red and blue sous chefs, respectively, alongside maitre'd Marino Monferrato. This season features eight new contestants battling eight returning veterans. For the first time, the winner of this season will receive a position as an executive chef at Gordon Ramsay Hell's Kitchen Restaurant at Caesars", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12003522", "chunk_text": "\"Christina Machamer\"\nChristina Machamer Christina Machamer (born March 13, 1982) is an American chef who won the fourth season of Fox Network's reality cooking show \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\". She was awarded the position of \"\"senior sous chef\"\" (not the executive chef position as promised) at Gordon Ramsay's new London West Hollywood restaurant where she earned a $250,000 yearly salary. Machamer, the daughter of Rick and Leasa Machamer, was born and raised in St. Louis, and began working in restaurants at age 16. She graduated from Lafayette High School in 2000 and after some time in college, she dropped out of pre-law and decided", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12003529", "chunk_text": "\"Christina Machamer\"\nreward (dinner with Ramsay). She gave the women several tips about working under pressure in \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\". Christina Machamer Christina Machamer (born March 13, 1982) is an American chef who won the fourth season of Fox Network's reality cooking show \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\". She was awarded the position of \"\"senior sous chef\"\" (not the executive chef position as promised) at Gordon Ramsay's new London West Hollywood restaurant where she earned a $250,000 yearly salary. Machamer, the daughter of Rick and Leasa Machamer, was born and raised in St. Louis, and began working in restaurants at age 16. She graduated from Lafayette", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6961532", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 14)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 14) Season 14 of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" premiered on March 3, 2015 on Fox. The prize is a head chef position at Gordon Ramsay Pub & Grill in Caesars Atlantic City. Gordon Ramsay returned as head chef with Andi Van Willigan and James Avery returning as sous-chefs for both their respective kitchens as well as Marino Monferrato as the maître d'. Executive chef Meghan Gill from Roanoke, Virginia, won the competition, thus becoming the fourteenth winner of \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\". The intro featured the chefs in a kitchen-themed jungle, which was revealed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18897446", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 12)\"\nwas retained from the previous season, after Ja'Nel Witt failed her drug test. Scott was nominated seven times for elimination, breaking Christina Machamer's record (season 4) of five nominations, and became the Hell's Kitchen winner with the most nominations. The intro is stylized as a neo-noir comic book with the chefs each trying to claim hold of \"\"The Knife Case of Destiny.\"\" Twenty chefs competed in season 12. Jason Zepaltas previously competed in season 9 but left before the first dinner service after falling ill during prep. He is the second chef to have competed in two seasons, after Robert", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4702123", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 15)\"\n14's finale. Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 15) The fifteenth season of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" took place in October 2014 and premiered on January 15, 2016 on Fox. The prize was a head chef position at BLT Steak at Bally's Las Vegas. Country Club Chef Ariel Malone won the competition. Gordon Ramsay and Marino Monferrato returned as head chef and Maître d' respectively. Season 10 winner Christina Wilson was the initial sous chef for the red team while Andi Van Willigan-Cutspec, who got married, returned in episode 7 of this season. Aaron Mitrano replaced James Avery", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9733010", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 13)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 13) Season 13 of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" premiered on September 10, 2014 on Fox. The prize was a head chef position at Gordon Ramsay's Pub & Grill at Caesars Atlantic City. Gordon Ramsay returned as head chef and Andi van Willigan and James Avery returned as sous chefs. However, Jean-Philippe Susilovic did not return as maitre d' and was replaced by Marino Monferrato. It also marks the first time since 2010 that two seasons of \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" aired in the same year. Kitchen Supervisor La Tasha McCutchen from Winter Haven, Florida", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10761015", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 6)\"\nas well. Heather West, the winner of Season 2, became the new sous chef for the red team, she replaced Gloria Félix who was the sous-chef for the previous two seasons. The chefs appear in a Hell's Kitchen style carnival. A second version was shown from episode 2 onwards featuring Robert taking the place of Dave who now appears before Tennille. Initially, sixteen chefs began the competition, and were joined by a seventeenth, Robert Hesse from the previous season, in the middle of the first episode. Each week, the best member (determined by Ramsay) from the losing team during the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2846560", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 16)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 16) The sixteenth season of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" premiered on September 23, 2016 on Fox. Gordon Ramsay returned as host/head chef, Marino Monferrato and Aaron Mitrano returned as maitre d' and blue kitchen sous chef respectively while Andi van Willigan-Cutspec resumed her role as sous chef for the red team after Season 10 winner Christina Wilson filled in for her in the previous season while she got married. This was also the first season since Season 13 to take a hiatus due to Fox's coverage of the 2016 World Series in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "723000", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 5)\"\nand were initially separated by gender. The chefs were: Each week, the best member (as determined by Ramsay) from the losing team during the latest service period is asked to nominate two of their teammates for elimination; one of these two is meant to be sent home by Ramsay. On some weeks, there is a variation in the nomination process, depending on the losing team's (or even winning team's) performance. Each episode consists of a challenge with a reward, a service, nominations for elimination, and an elimination. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 5) Season 5 of the American competitive reality", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10761013", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 6)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 6) Season 6 of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" began airing on the Fox Network on July 21, 2009 and concluded on October 13, 2009. Despite suffering a fractured wrist early in the competition, Executive Chef Dave Levey won the season and was awarded a position under James Walt at the Araxi Restaurant in Whistler, British Columbia, the first time the prize was a position at a Canadian restaurant. The first half of each episode consists of a team challenge, in which the winning side gets a reward of some sort of leisure", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18897445", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 12)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 12) Season 12 of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" premiered on March 13, 2014 on Fox. Gordon Ramsay returned as the head chef as well as Andi Van Willigan and James Avery as the red team's and blue team's sous chefs respectively. Jean-Philippe Susilovic also returned as the maître d'. This was the fourth season to feature an all-male final (following seasons 1, 6, and 9). Executive Chef Scott Commings won this season and received a head chef position at Gordon Ramsay Pub & Grill in Caesars Palace in Las Vegas; the prize", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18163007", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 4)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 4) Season 4 of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" began airing on the Fox Network starting on April 1, 2008. The show was originally planned to air later in the season, but instead was aired as a replacement for shows that were affected by the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. Culinary student Christina Machamer won the season and was awarded a \"\"senior sous chef\"\" position with a $250,000 salary at Gordon Ramsay at the London West Hollywood – not an executive chef as mentioned in show-related publicity and press releases. The London", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4819241", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 3)\"\nfourth season of the show. This was the first \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" season to be filmed in high definition. The season finale was a record high for the show's ratings, drawing 9.8 million viewers. Executive Chef Rahman \"\"Rock\"\" Harper won the season and was awarded a US$250,000 per year head-chef position at a restaurant in the Green Valley Ranch resort and spa in Henderson, Nevada, near Las Vegas. The third season features the following 12 contestants, who were separated by gender into two teams: † Indicates that contestant died after filming ended Each week, the best member (as determined by Ramsay)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8789156", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 10)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 10) Season 10 of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" premiered on June 4, 2012 on Fox and concluded on September 10, 2012. Chef de Cuisine Christina Wilson won the season and received a head chef position at Gordon Ramsay Steak at the Paris Las Vegas in the Las Vegas suburb of Paradise, Nevada. Gordon Ramsay returned as head chef, Scott Leibfried and Andi van Willigan returned as sous chefs and James Lukanik returned as the maître d'. This season saw an alteration to the show's format, with many episodes now being two-parters, depicting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4987620", "chunk_text": "\"Top Chef (season 5)\"\nTop Chef (season 5) Top Chef: New York is the fifth season of the American reality television series \"\"Top Chef\"\". It was first filmed in New York City, New York, before concluding in New Orleans, Louisiana. The season premiered on Bravo on November 12, 2008, and ended on March 4, 2009. In the season finale, Hosea Rosenberg was declared the Top Chef, defeating Stefan Richter and Carla Hall. Fabio Viviani was voted Fan Favorite. 17 chefs were selected to compete in \"\"Top Chef: New York\"\". Carla Hall, Fabio Viviani, and Jamie Lauren later returned to compete in \"\"\"\". Stefan Richter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7095018", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 11)\"\nchef in the worst team in \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" history, became sous chef at Gordon Ramsay Steak under season 10 winner Christina Wilson. Gordon Ramsay returned as head chef as well as Andi Van Willigan as the red team's sous chef. Long-time maître d' Jean-Philippe Susilovic returned for the first time since season 7 due to his work commitments at Ramsay's London restaurant, Pétrus. However, previous blue team sous chef Scott Leibfried did not return due to his work obligation at Fleetwood's restaurant in Maui and was replaced by newcomer James Avery from Wall, New Jersey. During episode 7 of this", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "325913", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 1)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 1) This article contains contestant information and episode summaries from Season 1 of the American competitive reality television series Hell's Kitchen. Season 1 aired starting on May 30, 2005 and concluded on August 1, 2005. Michael Wray from Fort Collins, Colorado, won the first season of \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\", thus winning his own restaurant in Los Angeles named Tatou (he was offered to go to London to work under Gordon Ramsay, but later declined due to family reasons). This was the first season where the teams were not separated by gender at the start, which wouldn't happen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12072550", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 9)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 9) Season 9 of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" premiered on July 18, 2011, on Fox and concluded on September 19, 2011, with a two-hour season finale. Jr. sous-chef Paul Niedermann won the season and was awarded a \"\"head chef\"\" position at BLT Steak in New York City, New York. Gordon Ramsay returned as head chef, as Scott Leibfried and Andi van Willigan remained as sous chefs, as did James Lukanik as the maître d'. The entire season took about six weeks to film. It also saw the show return to its original", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10382384", "chunk_text": "\"Rock Harper\"\nRock Harper Rahman \"\"Rock\"\" Harper (born December 17, 1976) is an American chef, television personality and restaurateur who won the third season of Gordon Ramsay's \"\"Hell's Kitchen.\"\" Rahman Harper discovered his love of cooking in his early teens and earned a culinary degree at Johnson & Wales University (JWU). Harper has held positions at Café Calliope, Burke Station Restaurant, Planet Hollywood, and BET on Jazz Restaurant, and was executive chef at B.Smith’s Restaurant, Ben’s Next Door, and The Carlyle Club. He later became an instructor at Stratford University. In 2010, he published the book \"\"44 Things Parents Should Know about", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18897447", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 12)\"\nHesse (seasons 5 and 6), and Zepaltas was the first chef until the All-Star season to present two signature dishes to Ramsay. † Indicates that the contestant died after filming ended <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 12) Season 12 of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" premiered on March 13, 2014 on Fox. Gordon Ramsay returned as the head chef as well as Andi Van Willigan and James Avery as the red team's and blue team's sous chefs respectively. Jean-Philippe Susilovic also returned as the maître d'. This was the fourth season to feature an all-male final (following", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12561638", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (UK TV series)\"\nITV made the decision to take a break from producing \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\". The network then announced in February 2007 that it had commissioned a new series of the show, to begin in late 2007. The new series began on 3 September 2007 at 9:00 pm. Michelin starred Marco Pierre White was the new head chef. White had two sous chefs, Matthew and Timothy. The series reverted to the original format of having celebrities as contestants. The series ended on 17 September 2007, with Barry McGuigan crowned winner. The contestants who took part were: Series 4 began on 13 April 2009.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19311023", "chunk_text": "\"Melissa d'Arabian\"\nfrom each purchase of her cookbooks on FoodNetwork.com for a one-week period. In May 2013, d'Arabian was awarded the Survivor of Suicide Loss Award by the AFSP. She has also competed on Guy's Grocery Games, Chopped, and Cutthroat Kitchen for the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. d'Arabian has volunteered with a number of other charitable organization including teaching family cooking courses for Coronado Substance Abuse Free Environment and live-tweeting her mammogram for National Breast Cancer Awareness Month. Melissa d'Arabian Melissa Donovan d’Arabian (born October 1, 1968) is an American chef and television show host. She won the fifth season of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12614629", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. TV series)\"\nas a cash prize of $250,000. In a similar manner to the voiceover at each elimination, Ramsay has a voiceover to explain his reasons for choosing that chef as the winner. Gordon Ramsay is the head chef. Jason Thompson is the narrator. Jean-Philippe Susilovic, a Belgian maître d'hôtel, comes from Petrus, one of Ramsay's London restaurants and appeared in the first seven seasons and later returned for Season 11. He left after Season 12 and was replaced by Marino Monferrato for Season 13. Susilovic was also the maître d'hôtel for the first series of the original British version. James Lukanik", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16960260", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 7)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 7) Season 7 of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" aired on the Fox Network from June 1, 2010 to August 10, 2010. Gordon Ramsay returned as host, as well as Maître d' Jean-Philippe Susilovic and Blue Team Sous chef Scott Leibfried. Andi Van Willigan, a chef from Santa Monica, California became the sous chef for the Red Team. Banquet chef Holli Ugalde won the season, she was promised to be the position at Chef Ramsay's newly renovated restaurant at the Savoy Hotel in London. Filming had concluded on February 2009, 16 months prior", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "325915", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 1)\"\nsent home by Gordon Ramsay. Each episode consisted of a challenge with a reward, a service, and an elimination. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 1) This article contains contestant information and episode summaries from Season 1 of the American competitive reality television series Hell's Kitchen. Season 1 aired starting on May 30, 2005 and concluded on August 1, 2005. Michael Wray from Fort Collins, Colorado, won the first season of \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\", thus winning his own restaurant in Los Angeles named Tatou (he was offered to go to London to work under Gordon Ramsay, but later declined due to family", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4987621", "chunk_text": "\"Top Chef (season 5)\"\nalso returned to compete once again in \"\"\"\". <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Top Chef (season 5) Top Chef: New York is the fifth season of the American reality television series \"\"Top Chef\"\". It was first filmed in New York City, New York, before concluding in New Orleans, Louisiana. The season premiered on Bravo on November 12, 2008, and ended on March 4, 2009. In the season finale, Hosea Rosenberg was declared the Top Chef, defeating Stefan Richter and Carla Hall. Fabio Viviani was voted Fan Favorite. 17 chefs were selected to compete in \"\"Top Chef: New York\"\". Carla Hall, Fabio Viviani, and Jamie", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13015654", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 2)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 2) Season 2 of \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" was cast during November 2005, premiered on June 12, 2006 and concluded on August 14, 2006. This was the first season of \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" to start a number of contestants divided to two teams by gender, which would become a tradition in subsequent seasons. Sous chef Heather West won the season. Her prize was the position of executive chef at the Red Rock Resort Spa and Casino in Las Vegas with a salary of $250,000, where she worked as chef at the Terra Rossa Restaurant. Runner-up Virginia Dalbeck had the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15778953", "chunk_text": "\"MasterChef Australia (series 5)\"\nMasterChef Australia (series 5) The fifth series of MasterChef Australia premiered Sunday 2 June 2013 on Network Ten, with replays airing at 11am the following day. This particular series of the show was won by Emma Dean who had defeated Lynton Tapp and Samira El Khafir in the grand finale on 1 September 2013. With the filming location from previous series at 13 Doody Street in Alexandria, New South Wales shutting down in August 2012, the production moved to the Centenary Hall at the Royal Melbourne Showgrounds in Flemington, Victoria. Graeme Stone replaced Nicholas McKay as narrator. Unlike previous seasons,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10761014", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 6)\"\nactivity, while the losing side has to clean up and prepare both kitchens, as well as some activity that is not so pleasant. Afterwards, the teams compete in executing a dinner service, during which Ramsay can impose additional punishments or kick chefs out of the kitchen. The losing team(s) nominates chefs to be considered for elimination. Ramsay can also nominate chefs, and ultimately sends a chef home. At six chefs left, the teams merge to one, and the chefs compete as individuals. Gordon Ramsay returned as the head chef, blue team sous chef Scott Leibfried, and Maître d' Jean-Philippe Susilovic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15778957", "chunk_text": "\"MasterChef Australia (series 5)\"\nMcGarvey. MasterChef Australia (series 5) The fifth series of MasterChef Australia premiered Sunday 2 June 2013 on Network Ten, with replays airing at 11am the following day. This particular series of the show was won by Emma Dean who had defeated Lynton Tapp and Samira El Khafir in the grand finale on 1 September 2013. With the filming location from previous series at 13 Doody Street in Alexandria, New South Wales shutting down in August 2012, the production moved to the Centenary Hall at the Royal Melbourne Showgrounds in Flemington, Victoria. Graeme Stone replaced Nicholas McKay as narrator. Unlike previous", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "120303", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 15)\"\nchef for the blue team. Wilson is the second former \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" winner to return as one of Ramsay's sous chefs, the first being season 2 winner, Heather West, who was the red kitchen's sous chef for season 6. Jason Thompson also returned as narrator for the first time since season 12. Season 15's opening sequence features the chefs at a base camp. Ramsay is then shown placing the HK flag on top of the mountain. For the first time in \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" history, the opening sequence did not play after the recap of the previous episode, but after the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15219993", "chunk_text": "\"Aaron McCargo Jr.\"\nAaron McCargo Jr. Aaron McCargo Jr. (born July 22, 1971) is an American chef, television personality and television show host who is best known as the winner of the fourth season of the Food Network's reality television show, \"\"The Next Food Network Star\"\". He has a preference for meats and bold, spicy flavors, and avoids overly complex recipes. He calls the food he cooks \"\"soul food,\"\" but with multiple cultural influences. \"\"Big Daddy's House\"\" features members of his family as guests, and each recipe was advertised to utilize five or fewer ingredients (although they usually include more than five). McCargo", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16960261", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 7)\"\nto seventh season premiere, when the hotel reopened in 2010; however, Ugalde was not given the job. Ramsay stated that the American Ugalde could not work in London due to visa problems, but Ugalde called that explanation an excuse, saying, \"\"I don't know if they even applied for my visa.\"\" Ugalde was later awarded an undisclosed amount of money in compensation and retained her title as the winner of season 7. The intro depicts the chefs in a literal hell's kitchen with Ramsay as the devil. 16 chefs competed in season 7. Each episode consists of a challenge with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20672765", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 17)\"\nHell's Kitchen (U.S. season 17) The seventeenth season of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" (officially known as Hell's Kitchen All Stars) began airing on September 29, 2017 on Fox. This season is the first in \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" history to have an all star edition as sixteen former contestants return to compete once again, and the winner of this season will receive the position as head chef at the first-ever Gordon Ramsay Hell's Kitchen Restaurant at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas, Nevada. All of the returning chefs made it onto the Black Team in their respective seasons. Gordon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16960262", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 7)\"\nreward, a service and an elimination. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 7) Season 7 of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" aired on the Fox Network from June 1, 2010 to August 10, 2010. Gordon Ramsay returned as host, as well as Maître d' Jean-Philippe Susilovic and Blue Team Sous chef Scott Leibfried. Andi Van Willigan, a chef from Santa Monica, California became the sous chef for the Red Team. Banquet chef Holli Ugalde won the season, she was promised to be the position at Chef Ramsay's newly renovated restaurant at the Savoy Hotel in London. Filming had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15555502", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (UK TV series)\"\nwas broadcast from 23 May – 6 June 2004, airing live nightly for two weeks. The premise was head chef Gordon Ramsay teaching ten celebrities how to cook. The celebrities were placed in a specially constructed London restaurant-kitchen with the task of catering for a clientele of famous people. Eliminations were determined by a series of public votes (in the style of \"\"Big Brother\"\"). One notorious moment saw Amanda Barrie repeatedly trying to strike Ramsay when she became irate. Jennifer Ellison was declared the winner. A follow-up programme was made afterwards called \"\"Hell's Kitchen: School Reunion\"\", which saw Ellison and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19881601", "chunk_text": "\"MasterChef Australia\"\nthird place. Network Ten confirmed in August 2012 that they have commissioned a fifth series for 2013. The program was filmed at the Royal Melbourne Showgrounds in Ascot Vale, Victoria. Emma Dean won, with Lynton Tapp as the runner-up. Series 5 featured a number of changes to the format including casting that focussed on contestant's personalities above cooking ability in response to the success of the Seven Network's rival cooking show \"\"My Kitchen Rules\"\". The changes were not well received by both critics and audiences, and led to disappointing ratings compared to previous seasons. As a result of the show's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9733012", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 13)\"\nto appear on the Food Network show \"\"Chopped\"\", competing in the thirty-seventh-season episode \"\"A Frog Leg Up.\"\" Here, he was chopped (eliminated) in the entrée round after serving undercooked gnocchi to the judges. Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 13) Season 13 of the American competitive reality television series \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\" premiered on September 10, 2014 on Fox. The prize was a head chef position at Gordon Ramsay's Pub & Grill at Caesars Atlantic City. Gordon Ramsay returned as head chef and Andi van Willigan and James Avery returned as sous chefs. However, Jean-Philippe Susilovic did not return as maitre d' and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17381187", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen Australia\"\ncompeting in the series to win AU$50,000 for their chosen charity. Before service one, all contestants become the instructors, expeditor and taste-tester, and their family members must recreate a dish under the contestant's orders (risotto, family-sized salad, egg florentine, fillet of skin-on salmon) under more lenient time limits (30 minutes for salmon, 35 for egg florentine, 45 for risotto). Dennis (Debra's husband) made family-sized salmon salad, Jacquiline (Lincoln's mother) made a salmon fillet, Kristine (Sam's sister) made Asian-style salmon with asparagus. Emma, (Gaz's girlfriend) came second with the egg florentine. Willie won with his wife, Claire's saffron risotto. The group", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16757019", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (U.S. season 5)\"\namount of unusual eliminations; with two chefs leaving due to medical issues, and two chefs eliminated during service. Also, this season marked the first time a chef was eliminated despite being on the winning team, which would become more prominent in later seasons. The first half of each episode consists of a team challenge, in which the winning side gets a reward of some sort of leisure activity, while the losing side has to clean up and prepare both kitchens, as well as some activity that is not so pleasant. Afterwards, the teams compete in executing a dinner service, during", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13198366", "chunk_text": "\"Rock Harper\"\nHealthy Cooking for Kids\"\". He has been the National Celebrity Chef for the March of Dimes since 2008. In 2007, Harper won season three of the Fox reality-television show \"\"Hell's Kitchen\"\". In 2013, he appeared on Chef Wanted with Anne Burrell and won the executive chef position at \"\"The Precinct\"\", a steakhouse in Cincinnati, Ohio; however he did not ultimately accept the job. Rock Harper Rahman \"\"Rock\"\" Harper (born December 17, 1976) is an American chef, television personality and restaurateur who won the third season of Gordon Ramsay's \"\"Hell's Kitchen.\"\" Rahman Harper discovered his love of cooking in his early", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12561639", "chunk_text": "\"Hell's Kitchen (UK TV series)\"\nMarco Pierre White returns as Head Chef/teacher. Claudia Winkleman took over as host, replacing Angus Deayton. Nick Munier returned as Maitre d', as did Sous Chefs Matthew and Timothy. This series there was one kitchen with grey and dark red tiles. The first four sackings were Marco's responsibility, while the other four sackings were down to a public vote (the person with the lowest amount of votes left Hell's Kitchen). Linda Evans won from public voting on 27 April 2009. The celebrities who took part were: Most countries adapt to the American version, airing pre recorded weekly instead of airing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3355	who is emma dating in once upon a time?	n/a	[ "Hook" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15339211", "chunk_text": "\"Christopher Gorham\"\nBuddyTV ranked Gorham No. 5 on its list of \"\"TV's Sexiest Men of 2011\"\". In 2014 Gorham added another recurring role to his resume, as he joined the cast of \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" for a storyline involving the series' character Emma Swan in New York City and her ties to his character. Gorham is married to his former \"\"Popular\"\" co-star, Anel Lopez Gorham, with whom he has three children: sons Lucas (born c. 2001) and Ethan (born c. 2003), and a daughter named Alondra Cecelia Lopez Gorham (born January 10, 2009). Christopher Gorham Christopher David Gorham (born August 14,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9194605", "chunk_text": "\"White Out (Once Upon a Time)\"\nhe's proven that he's someone who really continues to show up for her. Like Emma, he's made some mistakes in life, some terrible mistakes in life, and has worked very hard to redeem them. I think she relates to the fact that she's also made mistakes in her life and she's worked very hard to redeem them. So they do have that in common. She believes in that part of him the same way she believes in that part of herself. So there is definitely an openness to her when they do finally decide to go on this date. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6781538", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Roberts\"\nCollege but by January 2012, she had put her studies on hold to concentrate on work commitments. Roberts began dating actor Evan Peters in 2012 after they worked together on the film \"\"Adult World\"\". In July 2013, while they were staying at a hotel in Montreal, Quebec, someone overheard a dispute coming from their room and called the police. After a \"\"heated argument\"\", they had begun hitting each other. When the police arrived, they arrested Roberts. Peters was not arrested because Roberts did not have any immediately visible injuries. Peters declined to press charges and Roberts was released several hours", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7429394", "chunk_text": "\"Hook (Once Upon a Time)\"\nseason and was initially hired as a supporting character, but he was made a series regular before his first episode even aired. Hook always had an interest in the Savior, Emma Swan played by Jennifer Morrison but he then realizes this is the first time he felt love again ever since his first love, Milah died. He knew there was always something between them and then finally after many challenges, Emma and Killian become an item, and were confirmed as true love in \"\"Firebird\"\" when their love managed to pass the test and open the doors to the ambrosia, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14774070", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Samms\"\nand their families cope with their pain, fear and isolation through entertainment, education and family activities. The organization was their response to losing Samms's brother and Samuelson's cousin, Jamie, who died at age nine from aplastic anemia. In 1984 Samms and Tristan Rogers went public with their real-life romance, but the relationship ended around the time she left \"\"General Hospital\"\" the next year. Engaged to Marvin Hamlisch in the early 1980s, Samms has been married three times: to Bansi Nagji (1991–92), to Tim Dillon (1994–95), and to John Holloway (1996-2003). She and Holloway have two children. Samms was appointed Member", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10011700", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Swan\"\nand Regina stop their trigger to destroy Storybrooke, Henry is taken to Neverland by Greg and Tamara; Emma, her parents, Regina, Hook and Mr. Gold follow them. The team eventually manages to rescue Henry from the sinister Peter Pan, and return to Storybrooke. However, Pan enacts the original curse once more, forcing Emma and Henry to leave Storybrooke after Regina reverses her curse, erasing the events following its enactment. Emma's past is temporarily altered by Regina. After leaving Storybrooke, Emma lives with Henry in New York City. Sometime later, she meets Walsh and they begin dating. One year after the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6023257", "chunk_text": "\"New York City Serenade (Once Upon a Time)\"\nepisode. Furthermore, the episode achieved its highest weekly viewership rank for the series since the second episode of the second season in October 2012. New York City's skyline appears in the background. Emma Swan, in her new life with Henry in New York City, goes on a date with her new boyfriend Walsh (Christopher Gorham) when she is interrupted by Hook who is imploring her to remember herself and that her family needs to be saved. Emma angrily rebuffs him despite using her gift to prove he isn't lying. Hook passes her a note stating that it's an address where", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20048897", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Pillsbury\"\nis married. Ken ultimately breaks up with her on their wedding day because of her feelings for Will, and when Will leaves his wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), he and Emma share a kiss. Their relationship is short-lived, and in the second season, Emma and her dentist boyfriend Carl Howell (John Stamos) marry in Las Vegas. The wedding is later annulled as it was unconsummated. At the beginning of the third season, she and Will are living together; they become engaged shortly after New Years, and consummate their relationship near the end of the school year. Emma leaves Will at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10011697", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Swan\"\nwho becomes worried that Emma wants to be in Henry's life. Regina's repeated warnings to leave town and keep out of Henry's life make Emma decide to stay. In Storybrooke, Emma initially wants Henry to let go of his theories of the curse, but later plays along. She moves in with Mary Margaret (Snow White), unaware that they are related, and Sheriff Graham appoints Emma his deputy as the two form an attraction, until Regina crushes his heart, causing him to die in Emma's arms. Emma is soon elected sheriff, assisting in the arrest of Mary Margaret for the alleged", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1272292", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Swan\"\nEmma Swan Emma Swan is a fictional character in ABC's television series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\". She is portrayed by Jennifer Morrison, by Abby Ross as a teenager, and Mckenna Grace as a child. Emma first appeared in the series's pilot as a bail bond agent in Boston, Massachusetts until she meets her biological son Henry, whom she gave up for adoption 10 years before, and learns she is the daughter of Snow White and Prince Charming. Henry urges Emma to go to the fictional town of Storybrooke, Maine, to break a curse enacted by the Evil Queen and to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11337471", "chunk_text": "\"Erin Cardillo\"\nspent her junior year abroad in London, through Marymount College, where she cultivated her great love of Shakespeare. Her most recent role was as a recurring star in the Disney Channel spin-off \"\"The Suite Life on Deck\"\" as Emma Tutweiller. She has also appeared in an Arby's commercial with her co-star from \"\"The Suite Life on Deck\"\", Windell D. Middlebrooks. Cardillo married actor Joe Towne on November 5, 2011. The couple welcomed their first child, a son named Lucas Bodhi, on December 17, 2016. Erin Cardillo Erin Cardillo (born February 17, 1977, in White Plains, New York, United States) is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8690138", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Frost\"\nphysically shattered in her diamond form. As Bishop and Sage investigate the crime, Jean uses her increasingly growing Phoenix powers to reassemble Frost's body, acknowledging that Frost has genuinely fallen in love with Scott. Revived, Frost is able to name her attempted murderer – Esme of the Stepford Cuckoos, who had mind-controlled fellow student Angel Salvadore into shooting Frost in her single flaw with a diamond bullet, under the direction of Xorn. Upon Jean's death, Cyclops moves on with his life with Frost. Despite the criticism from their teammates and family members, Cyclops and Frost become lovers, and the two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5408823", "chunk_text": "\"The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter (Once Upon a Time)\"\nand CBS. The episode received mixed reviews from television critics, as some praised Dornan's character but were divided on the ending sequence. It was the series' mid-season finale. A wolf is shown in the forest. In Granny's Cafe, Sheriff Graham (Jamie Dornan) throws darts at a picture of a deer very accurately. Emma Swan (Jennifer Morrison) arrives but leaves immediately because she has not forgiven him for hiding his relationship with Regina (Lana Parrilla). Emma attempts to avoid conversation, but Graham is insistent on explaining to her he feels nothing for Regina. He kisses Emma and suddenly sees a vision", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11152383", "chunk_text": "\"Skin Deep (Once Upon a Time)\"\nherself, leaping off the tower she was kept prisoner in. Rumplestiltskin is devastated and replaces a treasured gold chalice with the chipped cup and weeps over his loss. In the present day, Mr. Gold (Carlyle) repossesses florist Moe French's (Keenleyside) van the day before Valentine's Day. At Granny's Cafe, David (Josh Dallas) and Mary Margaret (Ginnifer Goodwin) talk from separate tables, until Emma Swan (Jennifer Morrison) interrupts to ask about Henry (Jared S. Gilmore). Ashley (Jessy Schram) arrives with her baby, noting how rarely she gets a babysitter or sees her boyfriend, Sean (Tim Phillipps). Ruby (Meghan Ory) suggests a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18963954", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Approved\"\na success, Emma's and Frank's behavior toward Maddy and her homemade preserves in front of the celebrity guests at the opening event disgusts Jane and Alex, who both leave the company. Emma apologizes to Maddy, and then to Annie, who reveals Frank and Jane were secretly together and that Frank sold his company. When Emma tells Harriet, Harriet tells Emma that she likes Alex. Emma realizes she has feelings for Alex, and apologizes once and for all to Bobby Martin for pushing him away from Harriet. Alex returns to Emma Approved and confesses to Emma that he is in love", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10696841", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Swan\"\nto help create a new portal. Emma discovers that August was the teenager she met back in Minnesota and inspires him to complete the portal. Emma, Regina, and Robin return to Storybrooke, where Gideon explains to Gold and Belle his intention to kill Emma so that he can acquire her savior powers and kill the Black Fairy, a move that has David furious and Belle concerned. Emma and Gideon finally meet for the battle, but Emma survives, choosing her own fate. Gideon retreats, proclaiming this far from over. Gold and Belle decide to work together for the good of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5408825", "chunk_text": "\"The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter (Once Upon a Time)\"\nhe runs into Mr. Gold (Robert Carlyle). Graham tells him about the wolf, and Mr. Gold suggests to him that dreams are memories from another life. The following morning, Emma discovers flowers on the table and throws them out, assuming they are from Graham, but Mary Margaret (Ginnifer Goodwin) says that they were hers from Dr. Whale (David Anders), with whom she had a one-night stand. Emma is glad to hear that Mary Margaret appears to be getting over David (Josh Dallas). Mary Margaret tells Emma that it is obvious that she has feelings for Graham, but does not acknowledge", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2259988", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Pillsbury\"\nresponded well to the development of Emma and Will's relationship. Eric Goldman of IGN wrote that their first kiss was \"\"hard to not feel good about\"\". Dan Snierson of \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\", however, suggested that it may have been \"\"more intriguing\"\" to leave their romance unresolved. Emma is introduced as the guidance counselor at William McKinley High School. She has romantic feelings for Spanish and glee teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), and encourages him in his attempt to revitalise the school glee club. She is dismayed to learn that Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig) is pregnant and that he is considering", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10011699", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Swan\"\nher mother to the Enchanted Forest. They meet Princess Aurora and Mulan who help them return to Storybrooke. Emma then helps Mr. Gold travel to Manhattan to locate his son Baelfire, who she discovers is Henry's father Neal. Returning to Storybrooke, Emma deals with Regina and her mother Cora who are trying to use Mr. Gold to kill them and take back Henry but they eventually stop them then end up dealing with newcomers Greg Mendell and Neal's fiancé Tamara. Emma's skeptical theories on the pair are proven correct when it is revealed they want to destroy magic. After Emma", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9895534", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Booth (actress)\"\n\"\"\"\" and had a supporting role in the 2013 \"\"Parker\"\". In 2017, she appeared in Ben Young's critically acclaimed debut \"\"Hounds of Love\"\" as the partner of a serial killer. At thirteen Booth was cast in \"\"The Adventures of the Bush Patrol,\"\" and at fourteen became a finalist in \"\"Girlfriend\"\" magazine's cover girl competition. By fifteen, Booth had modeled in Tokyo, Milan, Paris and New York. She later held the title of Western Australia's Model of the Year and Face of Fashion Week, for Sydney and Melbourne. In March 2015, Booth revealed on Instagram that she had secretly married musician", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15000248", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Frost\"\nmagic and Emma's telepathy remembered the events of House of M after reality was restored. Emma Frost appears in \"\"Marvel Adventures Spider-Man\"\" #53 as the best friend of mutant Sophia Sanduval, also known as Chat, and mostly uses her powers for personal gains. She is also one of the few people who knows Peter Parker's identity as Spider-Man and grows interested in him. She uses her telepathic powers and briefly takes on the alias \"\"The Silencer\"\" to see what Peter is capable of. Chat begins dating Peter afterward. After Chat discovers Emma's schemes, Chat seeks Spider-Man's help, leading to a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10011729", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Swan\"\nhow Emma was \"\"very adamant that women be able to make their own decisions about their lives and their children\"\", and how Emma was a \"\"well-rounded\"\" character who was \"\"feminine, but not 'girly. Natalie Wilson from \"\"Ms.\"\" praised the show for a strong, \"\"kick-butt\"\" female lead, and for dealing with the idea of what makes a mother in a more nuanced fashion. Emma Swan Emma Swan is a fictional character in ABC's television series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\". She is portrayed by Jennifer Morrison, by Abby Ross as a teenager, and Mckenna Grace as a child. Emma first appeared in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2439354", "chunk_text": "\"Manhattan (Once Upon a Time)\"\nhe demands to know more, she asks him to take on the \"\"burden\"\" of her prophetic powers. He agrees, but is overcome by a multitude of visions, while the Seer is left dying. She tells him that, with time, he will learn to understand. As she dies, she informs him that he'll be led to his son by a boy who will also be his undoing. Rumplestiltskin states his intention to kill that boy. In New York City, Emma Swan (Jennifer Morrison), Henry (Jared S. Gilmore), and Mr. Gold (Carlyle) arrive at an apartment building that Gold's magic identified as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3297827", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Frost\"\nstop Cassandra. Shadowcat pulls out Emma's heart, but is also killed when the Phoenix Force explodes from Emma's body. A teenaged version of Emma appears as Sebastian Shaw's girlfriend and one of the students at the Worthington Academy, a school for mutants shown in the \"\"X-Campus\"\" limited series. In a dystopic future depicted in the final two issues of \"\"Young X-Men\"\", an aged Emma Frost (now going by the codename \"\"Diamondheart\"\") is one of only four remaining mutants on \"\"Xaviera\"\", a former mutant safe-haven independent state and utopia. She remains on a team of X-Men with Graymalkin, Wolverine, Anole and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1733857", "chunk_text": "\"Jennifer Morrison\"\nwith a limited theatrical release on October 28, 2017. In 2017, she made her feature film directorial debut with \"\"Sun Dogs\"\", starring Michael Angarano, Melissa Benoist, and Allison Janney. Morrison began dating her \"\"House\"\" co-star, Jesse Spencer, in 2004. Spencer proposed to Morrison at the Eiffel Tower on December 23, 2006, but in August 2007 they called off their engagement. Morrison started dating \"\"Prison Break\"\" star Amaury Nolasco in 2009; the relationship reportedly lasted three years. In summer 2012, Morrison and Sebastian Stan met on the \"\"Once Upon A Time\"\" set and dated for a year, breaking up in mid-2013.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2439355", "chunk_text": "\"Manhattan (Once Upon a Time)\"\nBaelfire's location. Emma rings the only buzzer that lacks an occupant's name, claiming to be delivering a package; someone immediately flees the building via the fire escape. Gold demands that Emma fulfill her favor by bringing Baelfire to talk to him, so she gives chase and, upon tackling him, is shocked to recognize Baelfire as her former lover, Neal Cassidy (Michael Raymond-James). They argue over her bringing Rumplestiltskin to New York and Neal abandoning Emma years earlier, and Neal ultimately agrees to continue the conversation only if Emma will join him at a bar. There, Neal explains that he didn't", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3365971", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Snyder\"\nLily married Damian Grimaldi mere weeks after Holden was presumed dead. Even after Holden’s return, Lily was undecided about whether she wanted to remain with Damian or go back to Holden. Holden made the decision for her and had their marriage annulled on the grounds that he had been legally declared dead. Finally fed up with Lily, Emma decided that Holden didn’t belong with him after all, and encouraged a relationship between him and his old flame, Molly Conlan. In 2010, Emma’s main concern was Meg who became unhinged after her divorce from Paul and a disastrous affair with Damian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6868189", "chunk_text": "\"Once Upon a Time (TV series)\"\ntheir original memories by the Evil Queen Regina (Lana Parrilla) who used a powerful curse obtained from Rumplestiltskin (Robert Carlyle). The residents of Storybrooke, where Regina is mayor, have lived an unchanging existence for 28 years, unaware of their own lack of aging. The town's only hope lies with a bail-bonds person named Emma Swan (Jennifer Morrison), the daughter of Snow White (Ginnifer Goodwin) and Prince Charming (Josh Dallas), who was transported from the Enchanted Forest to the real world via a magic tree as an infant before she could be cursed. As such, she is the only person who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13852067", "chunk_text": "\"Once Upon a Time (season 1)\"\nwith David Nolan, a coma patient who, in reality is Emma's father Prince Charming, wakes up after she reads Henry's fairytale book to him as a favor to Henry. David, however, is married to Kathryn Nolan, the woman who is (in the fairy tale world) his ex-fiancée Princess Abigail daughter of King Midas. Unable to deny their love, David and Mary Margaret soon begin a secret relationship that becomes public and upsets Kathryn. Kathryn eventually decides to go to Boston and let David be with Mary Margaret only to disappear before leaving Storybrooke, due to an effect of the curse", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10011706", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Swan\"\nEmma made an appearance as the Dark One, with her new attire. Henry asks what happened to her, and she told them that they all went to Camelot to remove the darkness from her and they all failed (except Henry). Emma with her powers turned Sneezy into stone, proclaiming that there's no savior in the town. Emma surprisingly gave the Dark One dagger to Regina with the intention that if she goes too dark Regina would be the only one that would willingly \"\"put her down.\"\" Shortly after this, Hook attempts true love's kiss with Emma in the hopes that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "706478", "chunk_text": "\"Into the Deep (Once Upon a Time)\"\nMargaret (Ginnifer Goodwin) and Emma Swan (Jennifer Morrison) are alive in the Enchanted Forest. When he wakes up, he reveals this to David (Josh Dallas) and Regina (Lana Parrilla), and tells them that his mother and grandmother are now threatened by Cora (Barbara Hershey). Regina finds Mr. Gold (Robert Carlyle) while he is eating with Belle (Emilie de Ravin), and they discuss Cora; they thought her to be dead, and Regina believed she had seen her mother's body. Regina points out that Gold's feelings for Belle are now a weakness Cora can exploit, and he agrees to help prevent Cora", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3365966", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Snyder\"\nChicago and became embroiled in their own intrigue. Throughout it all, Emma remained a stabilizing influence and gave her children unconditional support and love. While her children’s love lives were complicated, Emma’s was fairly simple. Having not dated since her husband died decades earlier, Emma finally accepted the attention of Dr. John Dixon. At the same time, the wealthy Cal Stricklyn (Josh’s biological father) attempted to woo her as well. Although she ended up choosing Cal, Emma felt that marrying again, even after all these years, would be betraying her husband. Years later, after some encouragement from Seth, Emma began", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "748098", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Approved\"\nwith her. They kiss. Emma approaches Harriet with the news that she and Alex are now together. Harriet reveals she still has feelings for Bobby Martin. She and Emma organize a surprise for him, and Harriet and Bobby kiss. The second series opens five years later; Emma is slipping back to her less-confident self after the failed engagement of Anne Elliot and Mr. Wentworth. The company is overburdened with going public, and a full documentary crew is filming their progress. Alex approaches Emma with a new client for her to focus on: Ricky Collins. The story is told in a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "748094", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Approved\"\nSmith. When best friend Annie Taylor announces she wants to call off her wedding to Emma Approved client Ryan Weston, Harriet and Emma convince Ryan's step-brother Frank Churchill to send a wedding gift because he can’t make it and the wedding is back on. Harriet has a crush on Emma Approved's IT guy Bobby Martin, but Emma doesn’t approve the match and thinks Harriet can do better. Emma plans to set Harriet up with Emma Approved's newest client, Senator James Elton, but he likes Emma and thinks Harriet is below him. Elton leaves Emma Approved as a client when Emma", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10011698", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Swan\"\nmurder of Kathryn Nolan until she is found alive. When August Booth (Pinocchio) arrives in Storybrooke revealing her destiny of breaking the curse, a pressured Emma decides to leave the town, not wanting Henry to suffer from her and Regina's feud. Regina, however, attempts to poison Emma, though Henry willingly consumes it to prove that magic exists. Emma finally believes, but Henry is pronounced dead. However, he is awoken with true love's kiss from Emma, thus breaking the curse and allowing all residents to remember their true identities. Emma reunites with her parents, only to fall through a portal with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14783608", "chunk_text": "\"Once Upon a Holiday\"\nKatie also learns that Jack's former fiancée left him as a result. That night, Jack gives Katie a new camera and asks her not to disappear from his life. All this time, Katie is unable to tell Jack her true identity. Just as she's about to confess, Emma's reporter-boyfriend, Ross, arrives and reveals that she is in fact a royal princess. However, she seemingly vanishes with Harry's help before his camerawoman, Trish, can see her. Enraged at Ross' attempt to betray Kate, Emma dumps him by locking him in the cupboard. Katie confirms her identity, and that she must soon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18965257", "chunk_text": "\"It's Not Easy Being Green (Once Upon a Time)\"\nbring the curtain down. It turns out that the Wizard is none other than Walsh (Emma Swan's boyfriend and ex-fiance), a circus barker from Kansas. Walsh says he does not have magic, but he collects it. Zelena decides that she has no use for him, but what she could use is a trained circus animal. And after seeing a flying monkey poster, she drags Walsh and transforms him into one to do her bidding. Zelena then uses the magic viewer in the floor to watch Rumplestilskin train Regina, even as she turns green with envy and wicked as ever, vowing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3251444", "chunk_text": "\"Heart of Darkness (Once Upon a Time)\"\nto the Dwarfs' cottage to apologize for her actions towards them, the dwarves forgive her and agree to help with their plans to rescue Charming. Meanwhile, Rumpelstiltskin takes a hair from Charming's cloak and pairs it with Snow's hair, then bottles it successfully, labeling it \"\"True Love.\"\" At the Sheriff's office, Emma Swan (Jennifer Morrison), despite believing Mary Margaret's (Goodwin) innocence in Kathryn’s (Anastasia Griffith) murder, photographs Mary Margaret for her mug shots. Regina (Parrilla) joins the two as Emma questions Mary Margaret. Emma pulls out the box that the heart was found in. To Mary Margaret’s surprise, it is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11152420", "chunk_text": "\"Dreamy (Once Upon a Time)\"\none last idea; he breaks the power transformer for the whole town, causing a blackout. This forces everyone to buy candles and the stock is sold out. Leroy is restored as Astrid's hero. While the word \"\"TRAMP\"\" is still visible on Mary Margaret's truck, the town, including Granny, seems to accept her again. Meanwhile, Sheriff Emma Swan (Jennifer Morrison) investigates the disappearance of Kathryn Nolan and the first person she must question is her husband, David (Josh Dallas). David claims he did not speak to Kathryn the previous day and he presumed she had left for Boston as planned. Sidney", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13852072", "chunk_text": "\"Once Upon a Time (season 1)\"\nand Regina return to the Hospital to say goodbye to his body. Emma kisses him on the forehead, causing a pulse of energy to engulf the entire town and restore everyone's true memories while freeing Henry from the effects of the poisoned apple. Snow and Charming reunite with each other and Regina returns to her mansion alone as Emma begins to wonder why no one is returning to the Other World since the curse is broken. Rumplestiltskin reunites with his true love Belle (Emilie de Ravin) and takes her to a Wishing Well deep in the heart of the forest,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9817387", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Frost\"\nhosted by the two orphanages, Xavier tries but fails to win Emma's affection. In the \"\"Ultimate Marvel\"\" series, Emma Frost is a former student, and girlfriend, of Professor Charles Xavier; in charge of the Academy of Tomorrow and is secretly a part of the Hellfire Club that is trying to separate the Phoenix from Jean. This version of Emma Frost is pacifistic, able to develop a diamond skin, non-telepathic, and until recently dressed much more conservatively than her mainstream counterpart. As a member of the Hellfire Club however, she has been seen wearing her traditional White Queen garb. Magneto has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3365969", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Snyder\"\ngoodwill by coming on to a married-but-separated Holden. Emma continued to be a source of advice and comfort for her whole family, including grandson Luke. When Emma learned that Luke was gay, she was more upset by the fact that Holden didn’t trust her enough to tell her sooner as she was apparently the last in the family to know. Later, Emma permitted Luke’s boyfriend, Noah Mayer, to move into the farm but made it clear that the boys would be in separate rooms. Although her reasoning was that the boys were underage, Emma worried that her restriction might be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15000249", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Frost\"\nconfrontation between him and Emma. Eventually, Emma confesses her crush on Peter, which she began to have after first looking into his mind and realizing his earnest heroic beliefs and motives. She also reveals that she had caused everything in an attempt to break him and Chat up, feeling that she could neither date Peter while he was with Chat, nor could she spend time with Chat like she used to. By breaking them up, Emma hoped that at least she could reclaim Chat's friendship. She makes up with Chat, who still believes her to be good, and allows herself", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "748093", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Approved\"\nended on August 23, 2014 and has accumulated over 3 million views on the Pemberley Digital YouTube channel. On September 19, 2018, a video featuring Sotomura and Bailey as Emma and Alex announced that a continuation of the series would be starting in October 2018. The series focuses on the life of Emma Woodhouse and takes place at the offices of her eponymous lifestyle company, Emma Approved, an all-in-one lifestyle coaching, matchmaking, and event planning company. Emma decides to document her business successes (to the chagrin of her business partner Alex Knightley). Alex forces Emma to hire an assistant: Harriet", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4540331", "chunk_text": "\"Broken (Once Upon a Time)\"\nthe windowsill of a apartment owned by an unidentified man (Michael Raymond-James). Stuck to its foot is a postcard from Storybrooke, with the word \"\"Broken\"\" written on it. In Storybrooke, Emma Swan (Jennifer Morrison) prevents a mob of townspeople, led by Dr. Whale (David Anders), from attacking Regina Mills (Lana Parrilla), who is still powerless despite the fact that magic is now present in Storybrooke, and instead takes her to jail. There, Mr. Gold (Robert Carlyle) uses the wraith's talisman to mark her. He then uses the talisman and his dagger to summon the wraith. Gold had promised Belle (Emilie", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10696845", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Swan\"\njourney, returns to Storybrooke and chooses to believe him. Rumple successfully kills Fiona, which restores Emma's belief and transports the other characters back to Storybrooke. Emma fights Gideon, still under Fiona's lasting control, but ultimately chooses to sacrifice herself. Henry brings her back with True Love's Kiss and Gideon turns back into a baby, allowing Rumple and Belle a second chance. At the end, Emma and Regina are shown to drop Henry off at his bus stop, and Emma later makes Hook deputy sheriff. All the characters are later gathered at Granny's for dinner as the book ends with the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15842813", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Frost\"\nThe mutants are used as living batteries to keep Savior's Earth from breaking apart, a process which eventually kills them. Emmeline is revealed to have accepted Scott \"\"Scottie\"\" Summer's marriage proposal in her home dimension, but the X-Society were all captured by Savior. Scottie died in the energy machine and Emmeline regrets having never told Scott how much she loved him. She and the remaining alternate reality X-Men escape from the machine and join the captured 616-Universe Cyclops in stopping Savior. They send Cyclops back to his home universe and decide to find a way to fix the Earth now", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15842751", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Frost\"\ngives her a ride home. After reading his thoughts and learning that he thinks she is beautiful and intelligent, Frost kisses him. Her sister Adrienne records it and her father uses the evidence to get Ian fired. Frost begins to fight back by blackmailing her father. Intrigued by her actions, Winston offers her the family fortune but Frost rejects his offer and decides to make her own way in life. After a period of homelessness, Frost meets and falls in love with a young man named Troy, who agrees to let her live with him. She learns that he owes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2919614", "chunk_text": "\"Lauren Branning\"\nregistration number belongs to a reporter. On Halloween night, she encounters a mysterious person in a Halloween mask who follows her throughout the evening. This is later revealed to be Abi. Peter asks Lauren to marry him. Lauren accepts, but after finding out that Peter was selling drugs to Lucy, she tells him that she cannot marry him. On New Year's Day 2015, Max's girlfriend Emma Summerhayes (Anna Acton) is killed in a car accident after meeting someone who she thinks killed Lucy. Although Max tears up Emma's case notes, Lauren finds most of the pages and puts them together,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15842816", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Frost\"\nto be arrested, while Peter and Chat go on a date. In the Marvel Noir universe, Emma is the warden of Genosha Bay, a 1930s prison where the world's most dangerous sociopaths are held without trial or due process. As a nod to the risque nature of the mainstream White Queen and the Hellfire Club, this version of Emma has a bondage fetish, relishing being tied up during a prison break and telling her captor \"\"tighter please\"\". After the New Exiles land on the world of warring empires, they encounter Dame Emma Frost, head of Britain's Department X and founder", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3356	star cast of ab tumhare hawale watan sathiyon?	n/a	[ "Bobby Deol", "Akshay Kumar", "Divya Khosla Kumar", "Nagma", "Amitabh Bachchan", "Sandali Sinha" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11175524", "chunk_text": "\"Ab Tumhare Hawale Watan Saathiyo\"\nAb Tumhare Hawale Watan Saathiyo Ab Tumhare Hawale Watan Saathiyo (English: \"\"We entrust this nation in you, O countrymen\"\") is a 2004 Indian war drama film, directed by Anil Sharma and starring Amitabh Bachchan, Akshay Kumar, Bobby Deol, Divya Khosla Kumar, Sandali Sinha and Nagma Major General Amarjeet Singh (Amitabh Bachchan) is a dedicated officer for the Indian Army. His son Lieutenant Commander Vikramjeet Singh (Bobby Deol) follows in his footsteps and joins the Navy. In 1971 during the Indo-Pak war and the formation of Bangladesh, Lt. Commander Vikramjeet Singh has a ship in his command and a regiment of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7299447", "chunk_text": "\"Himanshu Malik\"\nHimanshu Malik Himanshu Malik is a Indian film actor, screenwriter and producer known for his works in Bollywood. He started his acting career with the film, \"\"\"\" (1996) and gained recognition with his portrayal of Abhigyan, a wealthy Canadian industrialist in the 2001 romance \"\"Tum Bin\"\". His other notable work includes \"\"Jungle\"\" (2000), \"\"Khwahish\"\" (2003) and \"\"Rog\"\" (2005). Himanshu began his career in music videos; most notable among them was Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan’s \"\"Afreen\"\" with Lisa Ray. He later appeared in Sonu Nigam's \"\"Deewana\"\" with Gul Panag. Meanwhile, he made his film debut with a role in Mira Nair's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8737014", "chunk_text": "\"Shabir Ahluwalia\"\nShabir Ahluwalia Shabir Ahluwalia (born 10 August 1979) is an Indian television, film actor and host. He currently plays the main lead Abhishek Prem Mehra on Zee TV's \"\"Kumkum Bhagya\"\". the role of Abhi the rockstar in Zee TV show Kumkum Bhagya. He debuted with the show \"\"Hip Hip Hurray\"\", but gained recognition from the television show \"\"Kahiin to Hoga\"\". Apart from this, Ahluwalia has acted in many television series such as \"\"Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi\"\" (2002), \"\"Kahi To Milenge\"\" (2002), \"\"Kkavyanjali\"\" (2005), \"\"Kasamh Se\"\" (2006), \"\"Kasautii Zindagii Kay\"\" (2007), \"\"Kayamath\"\" (2008), \"\"Laagi Tumse Lagan\"\" and many more.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1698391", "chunk_text": "\"Ab Tumhare Hawale Watan Saathiyo\"\ndead but actually was a prisoner of war. The only thread binding him to the army is broken, and it is then Kunaljeet finds out that the terrorists in collusion with rebel Pakistani officers are planning to bomb the Bhagwan Shivji's Amarnath Temple in Jammu & Kashmir in order to wipe foment communal strife. Kunaljeet saves everyone and wins his grandfather's heart. The music is composed by Anu Malik. Lyrics are penned by Sameer. The song \"\"Humein tumse hua hai pyaar\"\" became extremely popular. Ab Tumhare Hawale Watan Saathiyo Ab Tumhare Hawale Watan Saathiyo (English: \"\"We entrust this nation in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4582836", "chunk_text": "\"Bobby Deol\"\nDutta and Rahul Dev as Aditya Shrivastav, a deserted army officer. The film deals with themes of police brutality and corruption and justice. Deol then played another army officer, a Lieutenant Commander in Anil Sharma's \"\"Ab Tumhare Hawale Watan Saathiyo\"\" as Kunaljit Singh/Vikramjeet Singh. The film, which featured some prominent Bollywood actors such as Amitabh Bachchan (who played a general and Deol's father), and Akshay Kumar, it was arguably Deol's highest profile film to date but despite high box office expectations it was a commercial failure. His most famous role of all time was in \"\"Ab Tumhare Hawale Watan Saathiyo\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18971805", "chunk_text": "\"Tumhare Siwa\"\nRizvi). Arsal has a wife Samra (Mansha Pasha). Rania has a brother, Aziz (Mustafa Changazi) while Aazar has a sister Tania (Salina Sipra). Tania is married to Babar. Arsal and Samra has a daughter, Neni and Aazar has a son, Dani. Tumhare Siwa is the story of two best friends Arsal (Noor Hassan) and Aazar (Ahsan Khan). Arsal is happily married to Samra (Mansha Pasha) and Aazar married to Rania (Ayesha Khan). In addition, Aazar has a sister Tania. Arsal has a daughter, Rania and Aazar has a son. The two couples are living happily and proceeding with their lives.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15232245", "chunk_text": "\"Sadqay Tumhare\"\nSadqay Tumhare Sadqay Tumhare (lit: May My Years Be Added To Yours) () is a Hum Television Dramas 2014 Pakistani biogeographical drama TV serial that was based on the life of the series own writer Khalil-Ur-Rehman Qamar and aired on Hum TV. It is directed by Mohammed Ehteshamuddin, produced by Momina Duraid, Smina Humayun Saeed and Tariq Ahmad Shah and written by Khalil-Ur-Rehman Qamar. It stars Mahira Khan, Samiya Mumtaz, Adnan Malik in leading roles while Qavi Khan, Rehan Sheikh, Farhan Ali Agha and Sania Shamshad in supporting roles. Adnan Malik made his acting debut with this serial. Set in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3719877", "chunk_text": "\"Watan Ke Rakhwale\"\nWatan Ke Rakhwale Watan Ke Rakhwale (\"\"English: Saviour of the Nation\"\") is a 1987 Indian drama-thriller film directed by T. Rama Rao, starring Mithun Chakraborty, Dharmendra, Sunil Dutt, Sridevi, Moushumi Chatterjee, Prem Chopra, Shakti Kapoor and Kader Khan. The film also has Ashok Kumar in an important role. Radha Pratap (Sridevi) lives a wealthy lifestyle with her widowed businessman dad, Raja (Sudhir Dalvi); her maternal grandma (Lalita Pawar); and paternal uncle, Dr. Narendra (Prem Chopra), who runs a mental hospital. Shortly after her father dies in a car accident, her marriage is arranged with equally wealthy Naresh Puri (Dan Dhanoa),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15517203", "chunk_text": "\"Satish Kaul\"\nSatish Kaul Satish Kaul (born 8 September 1954), is is a veteran Kashmiri Indian actor in both Punjabi and Hindi movies. He has acted in over 300 Hindi and Punjabi films and has worked with Bollywood actors such as Dev Anand, Dilip Kumar and Shahrukh Khan amongst others. His notable film roles include ones in \"\"Sassi Punnu\"\", \"\"Ishq Nimana\"\", \"\"Suhag Chooda\"\" and \"\"Patola\"\". Satish Kaul won the \"\"lifetime achievement\"\" award for his contribution to Punjabi cinema at PTC Punjabi Film Awards 2011. Satish Kaul is regarded as one of the most successful regional film actors of all time. Some people", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13789323", "chunk_text": "\"Adnan Malik\"\nAdnan Malik Adnan Malik () is a Pakistani film & television actor, director, and producer under his own company's banner, AMP. He is also WWF Pakistan's goodwill ambassador and an Asia Society, Asia 21 Fellow and Young Leader of the World. Malik has also served on the board for the Citizen's Archive of Pakistan. As an actor, he made his television debut with the hit series \"\"Sadqay Tumhare\"\" for Hum TV. Portraying the writer of the drama, Khalil-ur-Rehman Qamar, in an autobiographical piece, Malik earned three nominations at 3rd Hum Awards, winning two including Best Television Sensation Male and Best", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8171939", "chunk_text": "\"Arjit Taneja\"\nArjit Taneja Arjit Taneja (born 10 November 1992) is an Indian television actor and model. He made his acting debut with channel V's popular show The Serial. He was also part of Splitsvilla 6. He acted in a cameo role in Bade Acche Lagte Hain. He was one of the members of the parallel lead role in Zee TV's most popular and top rating show Kumkum Bhagya as Purab Khanna. He also played the role of Bilal in Pyaar Ko Ho Jaane Do Arjit Taneja grew up in Delhi. He was brought up in a family of lawyers and he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8171942", "chunk_text": "\"Arjit Taneja\"\nalong with Sana Saeed, Adnan Khan and Karan Jotwani. Arjit Taneja Arjit Taneja (born 10 November 1992) is an Indian television actor and model. He made his acting debut with channel V's popular show The Serial. He was also part of Splitsvilla 6. He acted in a cameo role in Bade Acche Lagte Hain. He was one of the members of the parallel lead role in Zee TV's most popular and top rating show Kumkum Bhagya as Purab Khanna. He also played the role of Bilal in Pyaar Ko Ho Jaane Do Arjit Taneja grew up in Delhi. He was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18596153", "chunk_text": "\"Kumkum Bhagya\"\nas well. In September 2016, Arjit Taneja quit the show and was replaced by Vin Rana. In October 2016, Nikhil Arya was replaced by Rujut Dahiya. In July 2017, actress Ruchi Savarn entered the show as Purab's new love interest. Actor Abeer Adil was cast in 2018 as Abhishek's cousin Tarun. The series was released on 15 April 2014 on Zee TV. The series also airs on Zee TV HD and Zee TV Asia. The show was also broadcast internationally on the latter's international distribution. It airs in U.K., U.S., Malaysia, Canada, Mauritius, Sri Lanka, Ireland, South Africa, Indonesia, Chile,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2501640", "chunk_text": "\"Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam\"\nHum Tumhare Hain Sanam Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam (English: \"\"I am yours, darling\"\") is a 2002 Hindi romantic drama film. It features Shah Rukh Khan, Salman Khan and Madhuri Dixit in the lead roles. This is the second film to feature Shah Rukh Khan and Salman Khan where both are protagonists after \"\"Karan Arjun\"\" (1995). Shah Rukh Khan and Madhuri Dixit were paired up for the fourth time. Aishwarya Rai played a cameo in the movie. The movie is K. S. Adhiyaman's first in Hindi, a remake of his own Tamil film, \"\"Thotta Chinungi\"\". It took five years to make,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13545794", "chunk_text": "\"Shaadi Karke Phas Gaya Yaar\"\nShaadi Karke Phas Gaya Yaar Shaadi Karke Phas Gaya Yaar (, ) is a Bollywood film directed by K. S. Adhiyaman best known for directing \"\"Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam\"\" (2002). Salman Khan and Shilpa Shetty star in the lead roles as husband and wife. Reema Lagoo, Mohnish Behl and Shakti Kapoor also star. It did poor box office. The film is a remake of the Tamil, Madhavan starrer, \"\"Priyasakhi\"\". Shooting took place in London, United Kingdom and in India. The film was earlier titled \"\"Dil Chura Ke Chal Diye\"\". Ayaan lives a very wealthy lifestyle with his married brother, Karan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15517205", "chunk_text": "\"Satish Kaul\"\nmedically. Satish Kaul Satish Kaul (born 8 September 1954), is is a veteran Kashmiri Indian actor in both Punjabi and Hindi movies. He has acted in over 300 Hindi and Punjabi films and has worked with Bollywood actors such as Dev Anand, Dilip Kumar and Shahrukh Khan amongst others. His notable film roles include ones in \"\"Sassi Punnu\"\", \"\"Ishq Nimana\"\", \"\"Suhag Chooda\"\" and \"\"Patola\"\". Satish Kaul won the \"\"lifetime achievement\"\" award for his contribution to Punjabi cinema at PTC Punjabi Film Awards 2011. Satish Kaul is regarded as one of the most successful regional film actors of all time. Some", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14559267", "chunk_text": "\"Nakuul Mehta\"\nTV industry and also stars Bollywood film critic Rajeev Masand. The series showcases the day-to-day struggle of TV actors in a satirical manner. Besides Mehta, it also features popular TV actors like Disha Parmar, Sanaya Irani, Rithvik Dhanjani, Kritika Kamra, Drashti Dhami, and Karan Wahi. Mehta is currently seen opposite Surbhi Chandna in popular TV show \"\"Ishqbaaaz\"\" as Shivaay Singh Oberoi. He also appeared in the show's spin-off, \"\"Dil Boley Oberoi\"\". Nakuul Mehta Nakuul Mehta (born 17 January 1983) is an Indian actor, dancer and model known for his role of Aditya Kumar in Star Plus's \"\"Pyaar Ka Dard Hai", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18877128", "chunk_text": "\"Gurpreet Ghuggi\"\nGurpreet Ghuggi Gurpreet Singh Waraich (born 19 July 1971), commonly known as Gurpreet Ghuggi is an Indian actor in Punjabi cinema, comedian and politician. Ghuggi began his career by acting in theater in the early 1990s, after which he had recurring roles in television series such as \"\"Ronak Mela\"\" and the soap opera \"\"Parchhaven\"\". He gained international public recognition with comedic leading roles through his videos \"\"Ghuggi Junction\"\" (2003) and \"\"Ghuggi Shoo Mantar\"\" (2004), before beginning his film career by starring as Patwari Jhilmil Singh in \"\"Asa Nu Maan Watna Da\"\" (2004). He starred in the film \"\"Carry On Jatta\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10155957", "chunk_text": "\"Anil Sharma\"\nAbraham and Bipasha Basu, and directed the war film \"\"Ab Tumhare Hawale Watan Saathiyo\"\" starring Amitabh Bachchan, Bobby Deol and Akshay Kumar, both of which bombed at the box office. In 2007, Sharma made a comeback when directed the family drama \"\"Apne\"\". This film received generally favorable reviews from critics, and was also a commercial success. The film was also noted for the success it enjoyed in the overseas market, most notably in Canada, the UK and Australia. In 2010, he directed \"\"Veer\"\", starring Salman Khan, who also wrote the script for the film followed by the action drama \"\"Singh", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7819369", "chunk_text": "\"Aahana Kumra\"\nAahana Kumra Aahana Kumra is an Indian feature film, television, and theatre actress. Kumra is known for her small screen debut in Sony Entertainment Television's \"\"Yudh\"\" with Amitabh Bachchan and also her lead role in the TV series \"\"Agent Raghav - Crime Branch\"\" with Sharad Kelkar, followed by leading roles in a number of feature films. Aahana Kumra, born and brought up in Lucknow, had an inclination towards acting since childhood when she began theatre roles. She is a graduate from Whistling Woods International School of Acting and started her career with advertisements and short films, appearing in advertisements for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7447735", "chunk_text": "\"Ankur Nayyar\"\nAnkur Nayyar Ankur Nayyar is an Indian television and film actor. He has worked in many shows like \"\"Kasautii Zindagii Kay\"\", \"\"Kashmeer\"\" and \"\"Jeet\"\". He is also known for playing the lead role of Samman Chaudhary in Sahara One's show \"\"Ghar Ek Sapnaa. He was little seen in 2013-2014, but he returned in 2015 in Sony TV's show \"\"Bharat Ka Veer Putra – Maharana Pratap\"\" as Acharya Raghvendra. He was also seen as Coach Rajveer Rana in \"\"Meri Durga\"\" and Tej Singh in \"\"Prem Ya Paheli - Chandrakanta\"\". In July 2018, he went to play a cameo role of Mridul", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10273320", "chunk_text": "\"Adnan Khan\"\nmost notable being \"\"First Among Equals\"\", directed by Vikram Bhatt. In May 2018, he appeared in Zee TV's talk show \"\"Juzz Baatt\"\" as a guest with Sana Saeed, Arjit Taneja and Karan Jotwani. Adnan Khan Adnan Khan is an Indian film and television actor, known for playing the lead role of Mawlawi Kabeer Ahmad in Zee TV’s daily soap, \"\"Ishq Subhan Allah\"\". Khan attended Our Own English High School and graduated from Manipal University in 2009. Whilst working as a Human Resources Manager in his cousin's firm, Khan aspired a career in acting. He relocated to Mumbai from Dubai and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2892681", "chunk_text": "\"Adnan Malik\"\nhe directs/produced TV commercials, documentaries, music videos and photography. Adnan Malik Adnan Malik () is a Pakistani film & television actor, director, and producer under his own company's banner, AMP. He is also WWF Pakistan's goodwill ambassador and an Asia Society, Asia 21 Fellow and Young Leader of the World. Malik has also served on the board for the Citizen's Archive of Pakistan. As an actor, he made his television debut with the hit series \"\"Sadqay Tumhare\"\" for Hum TV. Portraying the writer of the drama, Khalil-ur-Rehman Qamar, in an autobiographical piece, Malik earned three nominations at 3rd Hum Awards,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19816907", "chunk_text": "\"Tumhare Liye\"\nTumhare Liye Tumhare Liye (Hindi: तुम्हारे लिये; translation: For Your Sake) is a 1978 Bollywood film directed by Basu Chatterjee. The film stars Sanjeev Kumar, Vidya Sinha and Ashok Kumar as leads with music scored by Jaidev. Gauri (Vidya Sinha) and Prakash (Sanjeev Kumar) are in love and get intimate. Prakash is expected to marry Renuka (Neelam Mehra), as she meets his family's approval; but he chooses Gauri. But after marriage, Gauri starts behaving strangely. She falls ill, and is hospitalized. It is here that the truth surfaces about the past lives of Gauri and Prakash. In their past birth,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1423585", "chunk_text": "\"Ram Awana\"\nwell-known theater personalities such as Habib Tanvir, Fritz Bennewitz, B. M. Shah, M. K. Raina, Ranjit Kapoor, etc. He has worked with Colonel Kapoor in many of his projects in the early 90's. Ram Awana Ram Awana (Born in Noida, India to a Gurjar family) is an Indian film and television actor. He is known for his roles in \"\"Jungle\"\", \"\"Mission Kashmir\"\", Zameen\"\", \"\"\"\" and \"\"Aalha Udal\"\" . He appeared in National Award winning films such as \"\"Lahore\"\" and \"\"Baaja\"\", directed by Apurba Kishore Bir. He is also known for television shows such as \"\"Jai Shri Krishna\"\", \"\"Dwarkadheesh – Bhagwaan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3032492", "chunk_text": "\"Waah! Tera Kya Kehna\"\nWaah! Tera Kya Kehna Waah! Tera Kya Kehna (English: \"\"Wow! You're Amazing\"\") is a 2002 Bollywood comedy film directed by Manoj Agrawal starring Govinda and Raveena Tandon. Wealthy Kishan Oberoi (Shammi Kapoor) has two sons: Dilip (Shakti Kapoor) and Ashish (Rana Jung Bahadur). He does not trust them and is overly devoted to his grandson Raj (Govinda), who reciprocates his favoritism. One day following an accident Raj becomes brain damaged, and the two brothers begin an evil conspiracy which involves murdering their father and disinheriting their disabled nephew who mysteriously disappears. A look-alike to Raj, Banne Khan (also played by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1423583", "chunk_text": "\"Ram Awana\"\nRam Awana Ram Awana (Born in Noida, India to a Gurjar family) is an Indian film and television actor. He is known for his roles in \"\"Jungle\"\", \"\"Mission Kashmir\"\", Zameen\"\", \"\"\"\" and \"\"Aalha Udal\"\" . He appeared in National Award winning films such as \"\"Lahore\"\" and \"\"Baaja\"\", directed by Apurba Kishore Bir. He is also known for television shows such as \"\"Jai Shri Krishna\"\", \"\"Dwarkadheesh – Bhagwaan Shree Krishn\"\", \"\"Tere Mere Sapne\"\", \"\"Life Lafde Aur Bandiyan\"\", \"\"Shri Prannathji\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"Sarojini - Ek Nayi Pehal\"\", \"\"Crime Patrol\"\", \"\"Balika Vadhu\"\", \"\"Gutur Gu\"\", \"\"Adaalat\"\", \"\"CID\"\", Durga and many more. He has worked in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18971804", "chunk_text": "\"Tumhare Siwa\"\nTumhare Siwa Tumhare Siwa (Without You) is a 2015 Pakistani romantic drama serial. It is based on the novel of Wasi Shah airing on Hum TV. The series is directed by Sakina Samo and produced by Moomal Entertainment. It stars is or Ahsan khan, Aisha Khan, Noor Hassan, Mansha Pasha, Salina Sipra, Lubna Aslam etc. in leading roles. The drama airs every Friday at 8pm. It is about 2 couples whose deep love turns to deep hatred. Aazar (Ahsan Khan) acts as brother of Tania/Tani, husband of Rania (Aisha Khan), father of Dani. His close friend is Arsal (Noor Hassan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13781291", "chunk_text": "\"Shakeel Hussain Khan\"\ntelevision includes Kash Mey Teri Beti Na Hoti (2012), Kisay Apna Kahain (2014), Aik Pal (2014), Code Name Red (2014), Jannat Ki Hawas (2014), Tootay Huay Taray (2014), Kharaash (2015). Khan made his Lollywood debut in the film \"\"O21\"\" (2014) which was directed by Jami Mehmood. He also appeared in \"\"Maalik\"\" (2016) in which he played role of Musa. Shakeel Hussain Khan Shakeel Hussain Khan (born 11 March 1977) is a Pakistani actor who appears in theatre, television series and films. Shakeel Hussain Khan was born on 11 March 1977 in Karachi, Pakistan. He began his career as a theatre", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16507071", "chunk_text": "\"Suman Shashi Kant\"\nSuman Shashi Kant Suman Shashi Kant (; सुमन शशि काँत) is an Indian soap opera actress, model and dancer. Now She is doing Swastik Productions \"\"Meri Saasu Maa \"\" on Zee TV. She played the role of Badi Thakurain in Phir Subah Hogi (TV series) along with Varun Badola and also played a role of Manda Tai in Ek Mutthi Aasmaan (TV series) with Shilpa Shirodkar. She did her schooling from Madhya Pradesh. After completing college, she started working to fulfill her ambition to become an actor. Nowadays, she is associated with Kausalya Charitable Trust. Suman appears in a movie", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8300321", "chunk_text": "\"Ankit Mohan\"\nAnkit Mohan Ankit Mohan is an Indian film and Television actor best known for his portrayals of Ashwathama in Star Plus's Mahabharat, Akaash in Zee TV's Long Running Popular Show Kumkum Bhagya. He was last seen as Yuvraaj (Yuvi) Sehgal in India's most popular and highest viewed Hindi TV show Naagin 3 on Colors TV. Ankit was born into a Hindu family in Delhi. He studied at National Public School and completed his studies from University of Delhi. Ankit hails from Chandni Chowk in Delhi. He made his debut in \"\"MTV Roadies (season 4).\"\" Ankit appeared in Pankaj Kapoor's Mausam,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5131156", "chunk_text": "\"Tum Hi Ho Bandhu Sakha Tumhi\"\n- Parivar ki Jeevan Rekha\"\". The show there ended on 11 November 2016. The story revolves around the Pethewala family. Bhushan (Neil Bhatt), the second son of the family is in love with Shreya (Sreejita De). Before he can tell his family, they pretend to have fixed his marriage elsewhere but the girl turns out to be Shreya. The lovers are happily married. Ajay is the youngest son of the Pethewala family. His best friend Ajju is in love with Sanjana. Ajju gets a job in USA and he and Sanjana decide to marry in the court given Sanjana's father's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14904390", "chunk_text": "\"Shakti Arora\"\nShakti Arora Shakti Arora is an Indian television actor best known for playing the role of Ranveer Vaghela (RV) in \"\"Meri Aashiqui Tum Se Hi\"\". He played of Jigar in \"\"Baa Bahoo Aur Baby\"\", Taposh in \"\"Tere Liye\"\" and Dr. Onir Dutt in \"\"Pavitra Rishta\"\". He has participated in reality shows like \"\"Nach Baliye\"\" (2015) and \"\"Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa\"\" (2016). He is currently playing the lead role of Kunal in \"\"Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka\"\" opposite Aditi Sharma and Drashti Dhami. He completed his schooling from St Columbus, Mumbai and graduation from Amity University where he pursued Masters in Media and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20759107", "chunk_text": "\"Satyagraha (film)\"\nSatyagraha (film) Satyagraha is a 2013 Indian Hindi-language political drama film directed by Prakash Jha starring Amitabh Bachchan, Ajay Devgn, Kareena Kapoor, Amrita Rao, Arjun Rampal, Manoj Bajpai, Mitalee Jagtap Varadkar, Jagat Singh and Vipin Sharma in the lead roles. The first look of the film was released on 10 September 2012. \"\"Satyagraha\"\" was released on 30 August 2013, although it released in the UAE one day before on 29 August. The teaser was released online on 30 May 2013 and theatrically attached with \"\"Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani\"\". Retired teacher and ex-principal Dwarka Anand (Amitabh Bachchan) is an idealistic man", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20064775", "chunk_text": "\"Suyyash Rai\"\nSuyyash Rai Suyyash Rai (born 24 March 1989) is an Indian television actor and singer. He plays the role of Abhay on \"\"Rishta Likhenge Hum Naya\"\" on Sony TV. He was a contestant in \"\"Bigg Boss\"\" Season 9. Rai started his acting career on the popular Indian supernatural show \"\"Pyaar Kii Ye Ek Kahaani\"\" as Neil Khurana. He has appeared on many popular daily series like \"\"Kya Hua Tera Vaada\"\" and \"\"Kaisa Yeh Ishq Hai... Ajab Sa Risk Hai\"\". He loves to play negative roles. He was seen in the series \"\"Badtameez Dil\"\" on Star Plus. He was a contestant", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20766499", "chunk_text": "\"Suyyash Rai\"\nSuyyash Rai Suyyash Rai (born 24 March 1989) is an Indian television actor and singer. He plays the role of Abhay on \"\"Rishta Likhenge Hum Naya\"\" on Sony TV. He was a contestant in \"\"Bigg Boss\"\" Season 9. Rai started his acting career on the popular Indian supernatural show \"\"Pyaar Kii Ye Ek Kahaani\"\" as Neil Khurana. He has appeared on many popular daily series like \"\"Kya Hua Tera Vaada\"\" and \"\"Kaisa Yeh Ishq Hai... Ajab Sa Risk Hai\"\". He loves to play negative roles. He was seen in the series \"\"Badtameez Dil\"\" on Star Plus. He was a contestant", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11546623", "chunk_text": "\"Shabir Ahluwalia\"\nMaryland, College Park. He married his girlfriend actress Kanchi Kaul in 2011. In 2014 they became parents to a baby boy whom they named Azai. In 2016, they became parents to a second son, named Ivarr. Shabir Ahluwalia Shabir Ahluwalia (born 10 August 1979) is an Indian television, film actor and host. He currently plays the main lead Abhishek Prem Mehra on Zee TV's \"\"Kumkum Bhagya\"\". the role of Abhi the rockstar in Zee TV show Kumkum Bhagya. He debuted with the show \"\"Hip Hip Hurray\"\", but gained recognition from the television show \"\"Kahiin to Hoga\"\". Apart from this, Ahluwalia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6767162", "chunk_text": "\"Sumeet Sachdev\"\nSumeet Sachdev Sumeet Sachdev (born March 18, 1976) is an Indian actor and architect. He was most popularly known as Gautam \"\"Gomzy\"\" Virani, the oldest son of Tulsi Virani (Smriti Irani) in the popular Indian television serial Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi. Sachdev made his directorial debut in his short film \"\"Rehman Saheb Ko Phone Karna Hai\"\". He also stars in the Star Plus Soap opera Yeh Hai Mohabbatein as Abhimanyu Raghav. He has recently done a special appearance in the Punjabi movie - Nankana released in July 2018. Sachdev was born and brought up in Delhi. He is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11421909", "chunk_text": "\"Hamare Tumhare\"\nfamily, but will their children and the community accept them as husband and wife? Hamare Tumhare Hamare Tumhare is a 1979 Hindi movie, produced by F. C. Mehra and directed by Umesh Mehra. The film stars Sanjeev Kumar, Raakhee, Amjad Khan, Prem Krishen, David, Mehmood, Asrani, Anil Kapoor (In his film debut), Lucky Ali, and Amrish Puri. The film's music is by R. D. Burman. The rights to this film are owned by Shah Rukh Khan's Red Chillies Entertainment. Widower Jairaj Verma lives with his four sons in a small apartment. Three of his sons are in their teens, while", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11175525", "chunk_text": "\"Ab Tumhare Hawale Watan Saathiyo\"\nsoldiers of the Indian Army, commandeered by his dad, Major General Amarjeet Singh. The ship comes under attack by a submarine of the Pakistani Navy, undergoes damage, and sinks along with Vikramjeet, but not before he courageously rescues about a hundred trapped army soldiers. Years later, Vikramjeet's son Kunaljeet joins the army as a Captain, but he lacks the values his dad and grandfather had in them about serving the country selflessly. He just wants to be employed with the army for a couple of years, then re-locate to the U.S., run a business, and make lots of money. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13787621", "chunk_text": "\"Tumko Na Bhool Paayenge\"\nTumko Na Bhool Paayenge Tumko Na Bhool Paayenge [English: I can't forget you] is a 2002 Indian action thriller film directed by Pankaj Parashar. The films stars Salman Khan, Inder Kumar, Sushmita Sen and Dia Mirza in the lead roles. Veer Thakur (Salman Khan) is an eligible young bachelor living in a small community with his parents, Thakur Kunal Singh (Sharat Saxena), and mom Thakurain Geeta (Nishigandha Wad). He is in love with Muskaan (Dia Mirza), his friend & daughter of another Thakur. Their parents give their support to the union, but Veer suddenly starts getting visions of events that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20184", "chunk_text": "\"Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam\"\nis now a famous and popular singer. Radha (Madhuri Dixit) is particularly fond of him – Suraj is grateful to her for contributing to his success. Meanwhile, Gopal (Shah Rukh Khan) has become a wealthy business tycoon. When Laxmi is killed in an accident, Radha and Prashant (Atul Agnihotri) are taken to live in Gopal’s house. Also living with them is Nita (Suman Ranganathan). Gopal asks Radha to marry him and she agrees. Before their wedding, Suraj asks Gopal to watch over Radha, as he loves her like a sister. On their wedding night, Gopal asks Radha who she loves", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10404580", "chunk_text": "\"Amitabh Bachchan\"\nAmitabh Bachchan Amitabh Bachchan (; born 11 October 1942) is an Indian film actor, film producer, television host, occasional playback singer and former politician. He first gained popularity in the early 1970s for films such as \"\"Zanjeer\"\", \"\"Deewaar\"\" and \"\"Sholay\"\", and was dubbed India's \"\"angry young man\"\" for his on-screen roles in Bollywood. Referred to as the \"\"Shahenshah of Bollywood\"\", \"\"Sadi ka Mahanayak\"\" (Hindi for, \"\"Greatest actor of the century\"\"), \"\"Star of the Millennium\"\", or \"\"Big B\"\", he has since appeared in over 190 Indian films in a career spanning almost five decades. Bachchan is widely regarded as one of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19526149", "chunk_text": "\"Om Puri\"\nOm Puri Om Prakash Puri, (18 October 1950 – 6 January 2017) was an Indian actor who appeared in mainstream commercial Indian films, as well as independent and art films. He is best known for his author-backed roles in films like \"\"Aakrosh\"\" (1980), \"\"Arohan\"\" (1982), \"\"Ardh Satya\"\" and television films like \"\"Sadgati\"\" (1981) and \"\"Tamas\"\" (1987) and also light-hearted roles in \"\"Jaane Bhi Do Yaaro\"\" (1983) and \"\"Chachi 420\"\" (1997). He had various collaborations with director Shyam Benegal and Govind Nihalani. Puri also appeared in non-Indian productions in the United States, Britain and Pakistan. Puri was awarded Padma Shri, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9081254", "chunk_text": "\"Hina Shaheen\"\nKhan, Sohail Ahmed, Amanat Chan, Akram Udas, Nawaz Anjum, Jawad Waseem, Megha, Zara Akbar. Cast:-Hina Shaheen, Sohail Ahmed, Mastana, Shouki Khan, Anwar Ali, Tariq Javed, Ismail Tara, Irfan Khoosat. Cast:- Hina Shaheen, Amanullah Khan, Amanat Chan, Naseem Vicky, Sheeza, Saajan Abbass. Cast:- Hina Shaheen, Iftikhar Thakur, Tariq Teddy, Amanat Chan, Saajan Abbass. Garam Garam Cast:-Naseem Vicky, Anjuman Shehzadi, Tariq Teddy, Nasir Chinyoti, Kodu, Hina Shaheen, Sohail Ahmed, Iftikhar Thakur, Zafri Khan, Nadia Ali,Nawaz Anjum, Zara Akbar. Cast: Hina Shaheen, Iftikhar Thakur, Nasir Chinyoti, Deedar, Zafri, Kodu, Sakhawat Naz. cAST:- Hina Shaheen, Iftikhar Thakur, Sohail Ahmad, Zara Akbar, Nasir Chinyoti, Ayesha", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2701754", "chunk_text": "Humshakals\nHumshakals Humshakals (English: \"\"Look-alikes\"\") is a 2014 Indian romantic comedy film, directed by Sajid Khan and produced by Vashu Bhagnani. The film stars Saif Ali Khan, Riteish Deshmukh, Ram Kapoor, Bipasha Basu, Tamannaah Bhatia and Esha Gupta in the lead roles while Satish Shah, Nawab Shah, Chunky Pandey and Darshan Jariwala are featured in supporting roles. In the film Khan, Deshmukh and Kapoor each have triple roles that sums up to a total of 9 characters. The film is shot extensively in foreign locations, starting September 2013. The film is co-produced by Fox Star Studios and Vashu Bhagnani's Pooja Entertainment.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6307815", "chunk_text": "\"Krushna Abhishek\"\nreality dance show on DD National, \"\"Krazzy Kiya Re\"\", along with Sudha Chandran. As a celebrity couple he and Kashmira Shah took part in reality show \"\"Love Lock Up\"\" on UTV Bindass in February 2011, in which actress Priyanka Chopra played the role of peace maker. Krushna Abhishek Abhishek Sharma (born 30 May 1983), popularly known by his screen name Krushna Abhishek, is an Indian film actor and extreme comedian. He got appreciation for his work in films like \"\"Bol Bachchan\"\" and \"\"Entertainment\"\" (2014). He is also a dancer and has participated in numerous dance reality shows, including, \"\"Nach Baliye\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13038915", "chunk_text": "\"Leena Jumani\"\nroles include Paridhi in \"\"Punar Vivah\"\", Piya in \"\"Piya Ka Ghar Pyaara Lage\"\" and Antara in \"\"Amita Ka Amit\"\". She is currently playing the role of main antagonist Tanushree (Tanu) in \"\"Kumkum Bhagya\"\". She also played the lead role in Vikram Bhatt's \"\"Maaya 2\"\" opposite Priyal Gor. She played a part in the film \"\"Himmatwala\"\" and also took part in the reality show \"\"Madventures Pakistan\"\". Jumani was raised in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. In December 2013, she was engaged to Rahul Sachdeva, a US-based businessman. Leena Jumani Leena Jumani is an Indian actress and model. She played the role of Khemi", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7680357", "chunk_text": "\"Akshay Dogra\"\nAkshay Dogra Akshay Dogra (; born 21 September 1981) is an Indian actor and producer working in the television industry. He has worked on many shows during his career, both on-screen and off-screen. After working backstage at many shows, Akshay finally made his television debut in \"\"12/24 Karol Bagh\"\" on Zee TV. He is known for playing Akash Manohar Singh Raizada in \"\"Iss Pyaar Ko Kya Naam Doon?\"\", Satya Nayak in \"\"Do Dil Ek Jaan\"\" and Jagan Pawaniya in \"\"Waaris\"\". Akshay was born and brought up in New Delhi with his younger sister, fellow actress Riddhi Dogra. Akshay was 21", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6675984", "chunk_text": "\"Woh Lamhe\"\nWoh Lamhe Woh Lamhe... () is a 2006 film directed by Mohit Suri, starring Kangana Ranaut and Shiney Ahuja. The film is supposedly based on Parveen Babi's life, her battle with schizophrenia and her relationship with Mahesh Bhatt to whom she was a lover as well as a mentor in his struggling days. Bhatt said that it is his tribute to the actress and time he spent with her, hence the name \"\"Woh Lamhe\"\" (\"\"Those Moments\"\"). Parveen Babi's character is played by Kangana Ranaut who is named Sana Azim in the film to avoid direct reference to the actress. \"\"Woh", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3357	who has won the cma entertainer of the year the most?	n/a	[ "Garth Brooks" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15360778", "chunk_text": "\"American Country Awards\"\nwill join the production. The artist who has won the most ACAs is Carrie Underwood with 12 (6 in 2010, 3 in 2011, 2 in 2012, 1 in 2013). Luke Bryan has the most for a Male artist with 10 (7 in 2012, 3 in 2013). Lady Antebellum has the most for a group with 9 (4 in 2010, 1 in 2011, 2 in 2012, 2 in 2013). In 2012, Luke Bryan won 7 Awards, including Artist of the year, the most wins in a single ceremony. He passed Jason Aldean with 7.Taylor Swift have won 4 awards (1 in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15360776", "chunk_text": "\"American Country Awards\"\nthe big winner with 7 Awards, including Artist of the year. Alabama received the Greatest Hits Artist award and Toby Keith was Artist of the Decade. The artist who has won the most ACAs is Carrie Underwood with 12 (6 in 2010, 3 in 2011, 2 in 2012, 1 in 2013) Luke Bryan has the most for a Male artist with 10 (7 in 2012, 3 in 2013) and Lady Antebellum has the most for a group with 9 (4 in 2010, 1 in 2011, 2 in 2012, 2 in 2013). On December 31, 2011, Fox aired a country music-themed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20151224", "chunk_text": "\"Country Music Association Award for Album of the Year\"\nWelch and The Whites <br> B. Award presented to: John Anderson, Clint Black, Suzy Bogguss, Brooks & Dunn, Billy Dean, Diamond Rio, Vince Gill, Alan Jackson, Little Texas, Lorrie Morgan, Travis Tritt, Tanya Tucker and Trisha Yearwood Country Music Association Award for Album of the Year The following list shows the recipients for the Country Music Association Award for Album of the Year. George Strait has won the most awards. Other artists with multiple wins are Johnny Cash, Merle Haggard, Charlie Rich, Ronnie Milsap, Willie Nelson, Garth Brooks, Tim McGraw, Miranda Lambert, Eric Church and Chris Stapleton. Notes A. Award", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20151223", "chunk_text": "\"Country Music Association Award for Album of the Year\"\nCountry Music Association Award for Album of the Year The following list shows the recipients for the Country Music Association Award for Album of the Year. George Strait has won the most awards. Other artists with multiple wins are Johnny Cash, Merle Haggard, Charlie Rich, Ronnie Milsap, Willie Nelson, Garth Brooks, Tim McGraw, Miranda Lambert, Eric Church and Chris Stapleton. Notes A. Award presented to: Norman Blake, The Fairfield Four, Emmylou Harris, John Hartford, James Carter and the Prisoners, Chris Thomas King, Alison Krauss, Harry McClintock, Sarah Peasall, Hannah Peasall, Leah Peasall, Soggy Bottom Boys, Stanley Brothers, Ralph Stanley, Gillian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11916771", "chunk_text": "\"Academy of Country Music Awards\"\nthe achievement of an artist, duo or group upon receiving the New Artist (or New Male Vocalist, New Female Vocalist, New Solo Vocalist, New Vocal Duo, New Vocal Group or New Vocal Duo or Group), and Male/Female Vocalist (or Vocal Duo, Vocal Group, Vocal Duo or Group) and Entertainer of the Year awards. Among the later recipients, Carrie Underwood received it at the ACM Awards, while Jason Aldean at the Annual ACM Honors. The following list shows the seven artist that have won the award and the first year winning each of the categories required. Academy of Country Music Awards", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15068094", "chunk_text": "\"Billboard Music Award for Top Country Artist\"\nBillboard Music Award for Top Country Artist The \"\"Billboard\"\" Music Award for Top Country Artist recognizes the most successful country artists on the Billboard Charts over the past year. Garth Brooks has won the most awards with three. Since 2011, Taylor Swift and Luke Bryan are the only artists to have won the award twice, and is also the only artist to be nominated for it every year it was awarded until 2015 and 2016. Dixie Chicks became the first group to win it in the 1999 Billboard Music Awards. The following individuals received two or more Top Country Artist", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20492133", "chunk_text": "\"Country Music Association Awards\"\nthe Duo and Event awards is that the former is presented to two artists who normally perform together, while the latter was specifically created to honor one-off collaborations. Nine awards are also given to radio broadcasters for Station of the Year and Personality of the Year (divided into four categories each, based on market size), as well as National Personality of the Year to the host of a nationally syndicated show. Since 2012, the ceremony features a Lifetime Achievement Award. Brad Paisley and Carrie Underwood have co-hosted the ceremonies together since 2008. Vince Gill has been the longest consecutive host", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "530334", "chunk_text": "\"Reba McEntire\"\nher life. McEntire has the second most wins for the Academy of Country Music's Top Female Vocalist Awards with seven. Reba holds the record American Music Awards for Favorite Country Female Artist (twelve). She also holds the distinction of being the first to win the Country Music Association's Female Vocalist of the Year Award four times consecutively. Martina McBride won Female Vocalist four times, although not consecutively. In 2013, Miranda Lambert tied McEntire to win Female Vocalist four years in a row and in 2016 Carrie Underwood joined this elite club by winning her fourth Female Vocalist award. McEntire is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2530542", "chunk_text": "\"51st Annual Country Music Association Awards\"\n51st CMA Awards were announced on September 4, 2017, on Good Morning America by Lauren Alaina, Dustin Lynch, and Brothers Osborne. The nominees were led by Miranda Lambert (5) and followed by Keith Urban and Little Big Town (4). Chris Stapleton won his third win as a Male Vocalist. Miranda Lambert won her seventh win as a Female Vocalist, after a year hiatus. Note: The winners are shown in Bold. The CMA Special Recognition Award recipients were announced on 4 April 2017. A.Joined by Brooks & Dunn, Reba McEntire, Little Big Town, Thomas Rhett, Garth Brooks, Luke Bryan, Kelsea Ballerini,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9191941", "chunk_text": "\"Billboard Music Award for Top Country Artist\"\nAwards: The following individuals received two or more Top Country Artist nominations: Billboard Music Award for Top Country Artist The \"\"Billboard\"\" Music Award for Top Country Artist recognizes the most successful country artists on the Billboard Charts over the past year. Garth Brooks has won the most awards with three. Since 2011, Taylor Swift and Luke Bryan are the only artists to have won the award twice, and is also the only artist to be nominated for it every year it was awarded until 2015 and 2016. Dixie Chicks became the first group to win it in the 1999 Billboard", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5413359", "chunk_text": "\"2011 Country Music Association Awards\"\nyear, and her husband Blake Shelton took home male vocalist. The night's top prize, entertainer of the year, went to Taylor Swift, which was her only victory of the evening. New Artist of the Year went to The Band Perry, who was also nominated for Vocal Group of the Year. When Taylor Swift won entertainer of the year in 2011, she became only the second female artist to ever win the honor twice, after Barbara Mandrell won it in 1980 and 1981. Swift is currently one of six female artists to ever win the award. Winners are shown in bold.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1188465", "chunk_text": "\"American Music Awards\"\nmost American Music Awards won belongs to Taylor Swift who has won twenty-three awards. The record for the most American Music Awards won in a single year is held by Michael Jackson (in 1984) and Whitney Houston (in 1994), each with 8 awards to their credit (including the Award of Merit, with which both artists were honored in the respective years). The following list shows the artists with most wins in each category, adapted from the AMAs official website. The American Music Award of Merit has been awarded to thirty two artists, the latest being Sting (2016). The International Artist", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9151708", "chunk_text": "\"2013 Country Music Association Awards\"\n2013 Country Music Association Awards The 2013 Country Music Association Awards is a music award ceremony that was held on November 6, 2013, at the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. It aired live on ABC at 8:00/7:00 PM Central. The show was hosted by Brad Paisley & Carrie Underwood. Kacey Musgraves and Taylor Swift led the nominations with 6 each, followed by Blake Shelton and Miranda Lambert who had 5 each. George Strait took home the night's top honor, entertainer of the year. Blake Shelton garnered two awards, for male vocalist of the year and album of the year, while", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9151709", "chunk_text": "\"2013 Country Music Association Awards\"\nTim McGraw won two trophies as well for video of the year and musical event of the year. At the ceremony, Taylor Swift became the second artist ever (and the first woman) to receive the Pinnacle Award, to honor her astounding success as a country artist & for spreading the awareness and appreciation for country music worldwide. When Swift received the Pinnacle, the CMA began playing a video displaying her achievements, which included having sold 26 million albums and 75 million song downloads. Appearances were made by Justin Timberlake, Mick Jagger, Ethel Kennedy, Ellen Degeneres, Reese Witherspoon, Julia Roberts and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9752665", "chunk_text": "\"2014 Country Music Association Awards\"\nCole Swindell and every artist nominated for vocal group of the year (except for Lady Antebellum) and vocal duo of the year only earned one nomination. Blake Shelton, Carrie Underwood, Kacey Musgraves and Luke Bryan all received three nominations, while Eric Church and Keith Urban received four. Dierks Bentley received the second most nominations with five. Luke Bryan won his very first Country Music Association award when he won the award for Entertainer of the Year. Blake Shelton and Miranda Lambert won their 5th of Male Vocalist and Female Vocalist. Winners are shown in bold. 2014 Country Music Association Awards", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15788075", "chunk_text": "\"2014 Country Music Association Awards\"\n2014 Country Music Association Awards The 2014 Country Music Association Awards was held on November 5, 2014 from the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. The show was hosted by Brad Paisley and Carrie Underwood for a seventh year in a row. Miranda Lambert was the lead nominee with nine, including a nomination for the biggest award of the night, Entertainer of the Year. Miranda Lambert also made CMA history when she won her eleventh award of the evening, making her the most awarded female artist in CMA history. George Strait, Martina McBride, Taylor Swift, Brandy Clark, Kenny Rogers, Dolly Parton,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14693866", "chunk_text": "\"2009 Country Music Association Awards\"\n2009 Country Music Association Awards The 2009 Country Music Association Awards is a music award ceremony that was held on November 11, 2009, at the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. It aired live on ABC at 8:00/7:00 PM Central. The show was hosted by Brad Paisley & Carrie Underwood. Taylor Swift leads the youngest person in CMA history to be nominated for, and win, the most prestigious awards of the night, entertainer of the year. Swift won all four awards she was nominated for, and was also honored with the International Artist Achievement Award, for spreading the awareness and appreciation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "846664", "chunk_text": "\"2008 Country Music Association Awards\"\n2008 Country Music Association Awards The 2008 Country Music Association Awards is a music award ceremony that was held on November 12, 2008, at the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. It aired live on ABC at 8:00/7:00 PM Central. The show was hosted by Brad Paisley & Carrie Underwood. Kenny Chesney won the coveted award for entertainer of the year, which was his third straight victory in this category. Carrie Underwood won her third straight trophy for female vocalist of the year, while George Strait emerged victorious in two categories, single of the year and album of the year. Winners", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8962054", "chunk_text": "\"MusiCares Person of the Year\"\nJames Taylor, Don Henley, Aretha Franklin, and Neil Diamond. Canadian Neil Young received the 2010 award while Barbra Streisand, Sir Paul McCartney and Bruce Springsteen were honored in 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively. Carole King was honored in 2014 and was followed by Bob Dylan. Lionel Richie was named the 2016 honoree, followed by Tom Petty in 2017. 2018 honorees Fleetwood Mac became the first group to win the award. In 2019, Dolly Parton became the first country artist to receive the honor. Each year is linked to an article about the Annual Grammy Awards ceremony of that year. MusiCares", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15360775", "chunk_text": "\"American Country Awards\"\n4. Trace Adkins was the host of the awards show. Winners in each category received a custom-made Fender guitar in lieu of trophies. In 2010, the guitar was the Stratocaster model, in 2011 it was the Telecaster. At the 2010 ceremonies, Carrie Underwood was the top winner with 6 awards, including the first-ever Artist of the Year. Rascal Flatts received the Decade Award, Toby Keith received the Visionary Artist award and Alan Jackson received the Greatest Hits Artist award. In 2011, Jason Aldean was the big winner with 6 Awards, including Artist of the year. In 2012, Luke Bryan was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "713931", "chunk_text": "\"Blake Shelton\"\nweeks the chart has existed. The CMA Awards also recognizes Shelton, in addition to George Strait and Vince Gill, as the record holders for the most Male Vocalist of the Year wins, as all three have each garnered 5 victories. On January 18, 2017, Shelton made People's Choice Awards history by becoming the first country artist to ever win the all-genre category of Favorite Album over competitors Beyoncé, Drake, Rihanna and Ariana Grande. During the ceremony, Shelton also took home the trophy for Favorite Male Country Artist, marking his second consecutive win in the category. On November 6, 2017, Shelton", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9416538", "chunk_text": "\"Grammy Award for Best Country Collaboration with Vocals\"\nto \"\"tighten the number of categories\"\" at the Grammy Awards. Alison Krauss holds the record for having the most wins in this category, with a total of five. She is followed by seven others, who have all won the award twice. Among the most nominated are Emmylou Harris and Willie Nelson, both nine-time nominees. Krauss has been nominated eight ties, while Dolly Parton was a seven-time hopeful. Nominated bands include 1996 winners Shenandoah, a five-man country music band, three-time nominees the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, as well as one of the award's final recipients, the Zac Brown Band. Each year", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "846665", "chunk_text": "\"2008 Country Music Association Awards\"\nare shown in bold. 2008 Country Music Association Awards The 2008 Country Music Association Awards is a music award ceremony that was held on November 12, 2008, at the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. It aired live on ABC at 8:00/7:00 PM Central. The show was hosted by Brad Paisley & Carrie Underwood. Kenny Chesney won the coveted award for entertainer of the year, which was his third straight victory in this category. Carrie Underwood won her third straight trophy for female vocalist of the year, while George Strait emerged victorious in two categories, single of the year and album", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7868609", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Underwood\"\nfor six Academy of Country Music Awards. At the show, Underwood was named Entertainer of the Year, making her the first woman in history to win this award twice. Host Reba McEntire presented Underwood with the \"\"ACM Triple Crown Award\"\" signifying her winning Top New Artist, Top Female Vocalist, and Entertainer of the Year during her career. She was only the second Female to win the coveted \"\"Triple Crown Award\"\", the first being Barbara Mandrell. At the CMT Music Awards, Underwood walked away with Video of the Year for \"\"Cowboy Casanova\"\" and also won CMT Performance of the Year for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11840168", "chunk_text": "\"Miranda Lambert\"\nyear, surpassing Reba McEntire as the most awarded in the category last year in 2017. In November 2015 she became the first woman to have won the Country Music Association Awards' Album of the Year twice. She has won two Grammy Awards out of sixteen nominations. Lambert's road band consists of the following: Miranda Lambert Miranda Leigh Lambert (born November 10, 1983) is an American singer and songwriter. In 2003, she finished in third place of the television program \"\"Nashville Star,\"\" a singing competition which aired on the USA Network. Outside her solo career, she is a member of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2022944", "chunk_text": "\"Grammy Award for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance\"\nunder the solo category. The Academy has cited a lack of eligible recordings in the female rock category as the reason for the mergers. While the award has not been presented since the category merge in 2005, an official confirmation of its retirement has not been announced. Lenny Kravitz holds the record for the most wins in this category, with a total of four consecutive wins from 1999 to 2002. Bruce Springsteen has been presented the award three times, and two-time winners include Eric Clapton, Bob Dylan, Don Henley, and Robert Palmer. Since its inception, American artists have been presented", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2523225", "chunk_text": "\"2012 Country Music Association Awards\"\n2012 Country Music Association Awards The 2012 Country Music Association Awards is a music award ceremony that was held on November 1, 2012, at the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. It aired live on ABC at 8:00/7:00 PM Central. The show was hosted by Brad Paisley & Carrie Underwood. Eric Church led the nominations with 5, followed by Blake Shelton and Miranda Lambert who had 4 each. Blake Shelton was the night's big winner, taking home entertainer of the year, male vocalist of the year and song of the year. Hunter Hayes won New Artist of the Year, and Eric", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19572601", "chunk_text": "\"50th Annual Country Music Association Awards\"\nbecoming only the third song in history to do so. In a rare display, the rival Academy of Country Music Awards bestowed the Video of the Year Award to the CMA and Forever Country. Artists Featured: Brad Paisley, Keith Urban, Tim McGraw, Faith Hill, Little Big Town, Luke Bryan, Miranda Lambert, Randy Travis, Blake Shelton, George Strait, Kacey Musgraves, Charley Pride, Ronnie Milsap, Eric Church, Dierks Bentley, Trisha Yearwood, Lady Antebellum, Darius Rucker, Jason Aldean, Rascal Flatts, Willie Nelson, Brooks & Dunn, Alabama, Brett Eldredge, Reba McEntire, Alan Jackson, Vince Gill, Carrie Underwood, Martina McBride and Dolly Parton. Covers Series", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2952443", "chunk_text": "\"Nashville Star\"\n'Revolution'. She has also been named Female Vocalist of the Year at the Academy of Country Music Awards and Country Music Association Awards for seven consecutive years (2010 to 2016). She is widely considered to be the most successful contestant in the history of the show; although Season 4 winner Chris Young has more No. 1 country singles (five) than Lambert (three), Lambert has more No. 1 country albums (four) than Young (zero). Nancy O'Dell returned as host. Record label executive Tracy Gershon returned as a judge, joined by radio personality Billy Greenwood and country artists The Warren Brothers. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20492130", "chunk_text": "\"Country Music Association Awards\"\npresented at an untelevised ceremony at the Nashville Municipal Auditorium in 1967; the Entertainer of the Year award that night went to Eddy Arnold. The second annual CMA awards were presented in October 1968; NBC taped the ceremony and televised it a few weeks later. Since then, the awards have been televised live, usually in October or November, by NBC from 1969 through 1971, by CBS from 1972 through 2005, and by ABC beginning in 2006. Starting in 1968 they were held at Nashville's Grand Ole Opry (initially at Ryman Auditorium, and from 1974 through 2004 at the new Grand", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10839786", "chunk_text": "\"Country Music Association\"\nthe event, which was not televised. The winner of the first \"\"Entertainer of the Year\"\" award was singer Eddy Arnold. \"\"Male Vocalist of the Year\"\" went to Jack Greene and \"\"Female Vocalist of the Year\"\" to Loretta Lynn. In 1968, Roy Rogers and Dale Evans hosted the awards, which were presented at the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville. (The ceremony was filmed and televised on NBC a few weeks later.) The first live telecast of the show was in 1969. Annual awards are given in the following twelve categories: Entertainer of the Year, Male Vocalist, Female Vocalist, New Artist of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9574569", "chunk_text": "\"Vince Gill\"\nYou\"\", of which the title track went to U.S. Country No. 1. Throughout the 1990s and into the 2000s Gill continued to release highly successful albums, capitalizing on the virtuoso quality of his electric and acoustic guitar playing, his pure, high and soulful tenor voice, and the excellent quality of his songwriting. According to his biography on AllMusic, Gill has won more CMA Awards than any performer in history, and as at 2018 has also won 21 Grammy Awards, which represents the most ever by a country artist. Gill has been a member of the Grand Ole Opry since August", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "317904", "chunk_text": "\"Chris Stapleton\"\nit was announced live on the ACM Awards by host Reba McEntire following a win for Album of the Year that Chris and Morgane had welcomed twin boys, Macon and Samuel. At his concert at MSG on November 2, 2018, Chris publicly announced that he and his wife are expecting their fifth child. He later made it nationally public at the CMA awards on November 18, 2018. Stapleton has received numerous awards and nominations. He is the recipient of five Grammy Awards, seven Academy of Country Music Awards, ten Country Music Association Awards, five Billboard Music Awards, two iHeartRadio Music", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13113340", "chunk_text": "\"Grammy Award for Best New Artist\"\nfour artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year: Bob Newhart in 1961, Christopher Cross in 1981, Lauryn Hill in 1999, and Norah Jones in 2003. Of all the winners, only one (Esperanza Spalding) has been a jazz artist and only three have been country artists. In 1997, LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award. She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010. Additionally, 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1549954", "chunk_text": "\"CMT Music Awards\"\n2009. In 2009, the CMT Performance of the Year (to honor a CMT-exclusive performance by an artist or a collaboration) and Nationwide Is On Your Side awards (to honor an up-and-coming artist/group) were introduced. The Nationwide award is awarded off-camera, but the recipient offers a brief (taped) acceptance as the broadcast cuts to a commercial break. Carrie Underwood is the most awarded artist overall in CMT Music Awards' history, with 18 wins. CMT Music Awards The CMT Music Awards is a fan-voted awards show for country music videos and television performances. The awards ceremony is held every year in Nashville,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20429633", "chunk_text": "\"Troy Tomlinson\"\nhe worked with famed songwriters Dean Dillon, Skip Ewing, Jim Weatherly, and Whitey Shafer, among others. Tomlinson is also credited with the discovery of Kenny Chesney, the Country Music Association’s four time Entertainer of the Year. While at Acuff-Rose, he secured hit recordings by platinum artists Alabama, Collin Raye, Conway Twitty, Reba McEntire, Randy Travis, Tracy Byrd, Gary Allan, George Strait, and Bryan White. He also obtained a record deal at RCA Records for platinum artist, Aaron Tippin. During Tomlinson’s 14 years at Acuff-Rose Music Publishing, he rose through the ranks to the position of Executive Vice President of Acuff-Rose", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9088563", "chunk_text": "\"American Music Award for Favorite Pop/Rock Album\"\nalign=\"\"center\"\"\| 2012<br> ! rowspan=\"\"4\"\" align=\"\"center\"\"\| 2013<br> ! rowspan=\"\"4\"\" align=\"\"center\"\"\| 2014<br> ! rowspan=\"\"4\"\" align=\"\"center\"\"\| 2015<br> ! rowspan=\"\"4\"\" align=\"\"center\"\"\| 2016<br> ! rowspan=\"\"4\"\" align=\"\"center\"\"\| 2017<br> ! rowspan=\"\"4\"\" align=\"\"center\"\"\| 2018<br> American Music Award for Favorite Pop/Rock Album The American Music Award for Favorite Album – Pop/Rock has been awarded since 1974. Years reflect the year in which the awards were presented, for works released in the previous year (until 2003 onward when awards were handed out on November of the same year). The all-time winner in this category is tied between Michael Jackson and Justin Bieber with 3 wins each. Eagles and Jackson are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6379277", "chunk_text": "\"Tejano Music Award for Entertainer of the Year\"\nTejano Music Award for Entertainer of the Year The Tejano Music Award for Entertainer of the Year is an honor presented annually by the Texas Talent Musicians Association (TTMA). The honor was presented to Tejano music musicians beginning at the 27th Tejano Music Awards after merging the Female Entertainer of the Year and Male Entertainer of the Year categories. The most awarded musician (and female) is Elida Reyna who received three wins, while Jay Perez and Jesse Turner have tied with most wins by a male (at two wins each). Listed below are the winners of the award for each", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16775823", "chunk_text": "\"The Bird and the Rifle\"\naward at the Country Music Association Awards and only the fifth solo female overall to win (following Nettles, Kimberly Perry, Gretchen Peters and K.T. Oslin). Furthermore, McKenna is the only woman to win the CMA award back-to-back for different songs (following 2015's Girl Crush) and only the fourth songwriter overall to do so (after Paul Overstreet, Don Schlitz and Vince Gill). \"\"Humble and Kind\"\" won the award for Best Country Song at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards, while the album was nominated for Best Americana Album, and \"\"Wreck You\"\" for Best American Roots Performance and Best American Roots Song. Source:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1930065", "chunk_text": "\"American Music Awards\"\nstrategy for Samsung, the American Music Awards used the lock screen wallpaper of Samsung Galaxy smartphones rather than envelopes to reveal winners. A magnetic screen cover on each phone kept the wallpaper image with the winner's name secret until opened. In August 2018, Dick Clark Productions announced a two-year sponsorship and content partnership with YouTube Music. The record for most American Music Awards won is held by Michael Jackson, who has amassed twenty-six awards. The record for most American Music Awards won by a group belongs to Alabama, who have collected twenty-three awards. For a female artist, the record for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5413358", "chunk_text": "\"2011 Country Music Association Awards\"\n2011 Country Music Association Awards The 2011 Country Music Association Awards is a music award ceremony that was held on November 4, 2011, at the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. It aired live on ABC at 8:00/7:00 PM Central. The show was hosted by Brad Paisley & Carrie Underwood. Taylor Swift, Jason Aldean & Brad Paisley led the nominations with 5 each. Aldean had never won a CMA award prior to 2011 CMA Awards, when he won his first two awards for album of the year and musical event of the year. Miranda Lambert was named female vocalist of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5413360", "chunk_text": "\"2011 Country Music Association Awards\"\n2011 Country Music Association Awards The 2011 Country Music Association Awards is a music award ceremony that was held on November 4, 2011, at the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. It aired live on ABC at 8:00/7:00 PM Central. The show was hosted by Brad Paisley & Carrie Underwood. Taylor Swift, Jason Aldean & Brad Paisley led the nominations with 5 each. Aldean had never won a CMA award prior to 2011 CMA Awards, when he won his first two awards for album of the year and musical event of the year. Miranda Lambert was named female vocalist of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14693712", "chunk_text": "\"2010 Country Music Association Awards\"\n2010 Country Music Association Awards The 2010 Country Music Association Awards is a music award ceremony that was held on November 10, 2010, at the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. It aired live on ABC at 8:00/7:00 PM Central. The show was hosted by Brad Paisley & Carrie Underwood. Miranda Lambert was the lead nominee with 9 nominations, followed by Lady Antebellum. Brad Paisley notched three bids, including entertainer of the year. Reigning Entertainer of the year winner, Taylor Swift, only received one nomination, for Female Vocalist of the year. When Miranda Lambert was nominated for nine awards in 2010,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3949376", "chunk_text": "\"Chris Daughtry\"\nmember present on the album. In its ninth week of release, \"\"Daughtry\"\" reached number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" chart. Chris Daughtry is now the third most successful \"\"American Idol\"\" contestant in terms of record sales, behind only Kelly Clarkson and Carrie Underwood, who both won their respective seasons. At the 50th Grammy Awards, the band was nominated for Best Rock Song for the single \"\"It's Not Over\"\". Since the band's first album, Chris Daughtry has collaborated with several artists, including Slash, Sevendust, Theory of a Deadman, Chad Kroeger, Brad Arnold, Vince Gill and Carlos Santana. He is known for his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20121472", "chunk_text": "\"Billboard Music Award\"\nin history to have five consecutive number ones singles on \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 from one album. In 2012, Katy Perry was honored with \"\"Billboard\"\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s second Spotlight award for being the second and first female artist in history to have five consecutive number ones singles on \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 from one album. The record for most \"\"Billboard\"\" Music Awards won is held by Taylor Swift with 25 wins. Since its inception (created by Rick Garson, Paul Flattery & Jim Yukich), the BMAs had been telecast on the Fox network; however due to contractual expirations and other unforeseen circumstances, the awards were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9556969", "chunk_text": "\"Barbara Mandrell\"\nBarbara Mandrell Barbara Ann Mandrell (born December 25, 1948) is an American country music singer, musician, and actress. She is known for a series of top-10 hits and TV shows in the 1970s and 1980s that helped her become one of country's most successful female vocalists of that period. She was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2009 and is a member of the Grand Ole Opry. Mandrell was the first performer to win the Country Music Association's \"\"Entertainer of the Year\"\" award twice (1980, 1981). She also won twice the Country Music Association's \"\"Female Vocalist of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14693867", "chunk_text": "\"2009 Country Music Association Awards\"\nfor country music on an international level.Brad Paisley won male vocalist of the year for a third straight time, while Lady Antebellum won vocal group of the year, snapping Rascal Flatts's winning streak of six straight. Winners are shown in bold. 2009 Country Music Association Awards The 2009 Country Music Association Awards is a music award ceremony that was held on November 11, 2009, at the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. It aired live on ABC at 8:00/7:00 PM Central. The show was hosted by Brad Paisley & Carrie Underwood. Taylor Swift leads the youngest person in CMA history to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3251635", "chunk_text": "\"GMA Dove Award for Vocalist of the Year\"\n2000–2001). Sandi Patty has the most Vocalist of Year awards overall with eleven (1982–1992). Other multiple award winners include Natalie Grant (five), Sue Chenault Dodge (three), Michael English (three), Larnelle Harris (three), Russ Taff (three), Chris Tomlin (three), Twila Paris (three), Francesca Battistelli (two), Jeremy Camp (two), Cynthia Clawson (two), Steve Green (two), Brandon Heath (two), Dallas Holm (two), Nicole C. Mullen (two), Nichole Nordeman (two), Evie (two), Jaci Velasquez (two), and Cece Winans (two). Chapman's seventh and most recent Vocalist of the Year award in 2001 came eleven years after his first in 1990—the longest span between awards. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12091278", "chunk_text": "\"51st Annual Country Music Association Awards\"\nmentioning a statement made by Paisley at the opening of the show about coming together in the face of tragedy. The performance did receive some criticism due to the cameras focusing more on Underwood, making some of the names on the screen either obscured or completely unreadable, which was seen by many as disrespectful. Garth Brooks, who won the prestigious Entertainer of the Year award, was heavily criticized for lip-syncing during his performance. Of his decision, Brooks stated that \"\"we made a game-time call on whether to sing to a track or lip-sync and we decided to lip-sync it. My", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12091269", "chunk_text": "\"51st Annual Country Music Association Awards\"\n51st Annual Country Music Association Awards The 51st Annual Country Music Association Awards, commonly known as the 51st CMA Awards, was held on November 8, 2017, at the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. The ceremony recognizes some of the best country music released during the eligibility period (between July 1, 2016 and June 30, 2017). It is the twelfth ceremony to be held at the arena, the eighteenth to be held in November and the tenth night to be co-hosted by country stars Brad Paisley and Carrie Underwood. The ceremony will be directed by Paul Miller. The nominations for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3358	who played the jewish man in coming to america?	n/a	[ "Eddie Murphy" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19206166", "chunk_text": "\"Coming to America\"\nComing to America Coming to America is a 1988 American romantic comedy film directed by John Landis and based on a story originally created by Eddie Murphy, who also starred in the lead role. The film also co-stars Arsenio Hall, James Earl Jones, Shari Headley, and John Amos. The film was released in the United States on June 29, 1988. Eddie Murphy plays Akeem Joffer, the crown prince of the fictional African nation of Zamunda, who comes to the United States in the hopes of finding a woman he can marry. In 1989, a pilot for a planned spin-off TV", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16352000", "chunk_text": "\"Coming to America\"\nhad been hacked and completely deleted it. Coming to America Coming to America is a 1988 American romantic comedy film directed by John Landis and based on a story originally created by Eddie Murphy, who also starred in the lead role. The film also co-stars Arsenio Hall, James Earl Jones, Shari Headley, and John Amos. The film was released in the United States on June 29, 1988. Eddie Murphy plays Akeem Joffer, the crown prince of the fictional African nation of Zamunda, who comes to the United States in the hopes of finding a woman he can marry. In 1989,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16351989", "chunk_text": "\"Coming to America\"\nshown above, \"\"Coming to America\"\" features Murphy and Hall in several different roles, of various colours, creeds and genders. Following the success of this film, this became a Murphy staple, as seen in four later films: \"\"Vampire in Brooklyn\"\" (1995); \"\"The Nutty Professor\"\" (1996); \"\"\"\" (2000); and \"\"Norbit\"\" (2007). \"\"Coming to America\"\" reunited star Eddie Murphy with director John Landis. The two had previously worked together on the comedy hit \"\"Trading Places\"\" (1983); however, Landis later recalled the differences in working with Murphy on the two movies: \"\"The guy on \"\"Trading Places\"\" was young and full of energy and curious", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16351988", "chunk_text": "\"Coming to America\"\nit up just for her. Akeem offers again to abdicate if she doesn't want this life, but Lisa playfully declines. The cast also includes: Vondie Curtis-Hall as Basketball Game Vendor; Garcelle Beauvais as a royal Rose Bearer; Victoria Dillard as a royal personal Bather; as well as the film debuts of Ruben Hudson as Street Hustler and Cuba Gooding Jr. as Boy Getting Haircut. Don Ameche and Ralph Bellamy reprise their roles as, respectively, Mortimer and Randolph Duke from Landis' 1983 Murphy-starring comedy film \"\"Trading Places\"\". A segment of the \"\"Trading Places\"\" score can be heard during their scene. As", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19206180", "chunk_text": "\"Coming to America\"\neffects for both Murphy's and Arsenio Hall's multiple supporting characters. The film was the subject of the \"\"Buchwald v. Paramount\"\" civil suit, which the humorist Art Buchwald filed in 1990 against the film's producers on the grounds that the film's idea was stolen from his 1982 script treatment about a rich, despotic African potentate who comes to America for a state visit. Paramount had optioned the treatment from Buchwald, and John Landis was attached as director and Eddie Murphy as the lead, but after two years of development hell Paramount abandoned the project in March 1985. In 1987, Paramount began", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20412383", "chunk_text": "\"Marshall Flaum\"\nMarshall Flaum Marshall Allen Flaum (September 13, 1925 – October 1, 2010) was an American Emmy Award-winning documentary and television director, producer and screenwriter. In addition to his five Emmy Awards, Flaum earned two Academy Award nominations for his work on the documentary films \"\"The Yanks Are Coming\"\" in 1963 and \"\"\"\" in 1965. Flaum was born in Bensonhurst, Brooklyn, New York, on September 13, 1925, and was raised in Union City, New Jersey. He enlisted in the United States Army during World War II. Flaum earned a bachelor's degree in acting from the University of Iowa in 1948. He", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13712262", "chunk_text": "\"Eriq La Salle\"\nEriq La Salle Erik Ki La Salle (born July 23, 1962), professionally known as Eriq La Salle, is an American actor, director, writer and producer known for his performances in the films \"\"Coming to America\"\" (1988) and especially as Dr. Peter Benton in the NBC medical drama \"\"ER\"\" (1994–2002; 2008–2009) which earned him three NAACP Image Awards and nominations for a Golden Globe Award and three Primetime Emmy Awards. La Salle, one of four children, was born and raised in Hartford, Connecticut, by his mother, Ada Haynes. He is an alumnus of Weaver High School and the Artists Collective, Inc.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10804217", "chunk_text": "\"Eriq La Salle\"\nas Will Munson in the 2017 superhero film, \"\"Logan\"\". La Salle has also directed multiple episodes of Chicago PD throughout its six seasons. Eriq La Salle Erik Ki La Salle (born July 23, 1962), professionally known as Eriq La Salle, is an American actor, director, writer and producer known for his performances in the films \"\"Coming to America\"\" (1988) and especially as Dr. Peter Benton in the NBC medical drama \"\"ER\"\" (1994–2002; 2008–2009) which earned him three NAACP Image Awards and nominations for a Golden Globe Award and three Primetime Emmy Awards. La Salle, one of four children, was born", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10809249", "chunk_text": "\"Coming to America\"\nthe film. The song \"\"Coming 2 America\"\" by Ludacris from the album Word of Mouf features samples and lyrics referencing the film. In early 2017, an announcement was publicized which addressed the impending production of a sequel to the film. Kevin Misher was named as producer, and Sheffield and Blaustein, the original screenwriters, were also attached to the project. However, a possible participation of lead actors Eddie Murphy and Arsenio Hall was left undefined. According to several public accounts, Murphy himself apparently posted an announcement regarding the film project a month prior on Facebook, but later claimed that his account", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3151123", "chunk_text": "\"Going to America (film)\"\nGoing to America (film) Going to America is a 2014 black comedy film written and directed by Param Gill set to release nationwide in AMC theaters on 28 August 2015. The film toured the festival circuit under the title of Last Supper and won numerous awards. The film received favorable reviews from critics with Atlas and Aeris independent film magazine calling director Param Gill as the next big independent filmmaker in Hollywood. The film stars Eddie Griffin, Josh Meyers, Najarra Townsend, Dave Vescio and Penny Marshall. It is about two lunatics who escape a mental institution to make a film.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11865718", "chunk_text": "\"John Landis\"\nJohn Landis John David Landis (; born August 3, 1950) is an American film director, screenwriter, actor, and producer. He is best known for the comedy films that he has directed, such as \"\"National Lampoon's Animal House\"\" (1978), \"\"The Blues Brothers\"\" (1980), \"\"An American Werewolf in London\"\" (1981), \"\"Trading Places\"\" (1983), \"\"Three Amigos\"\" (1986), \"\"Coming to America\"\" (1988) and \"\"Beverly Hills Cop III\"\" (1994), and for directing Michael Jackson's music videos for \"\"Thriller\"\" (1983) and \"\"Black or White\"\" (1991). Landis was born into a Jewish family in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Shirley Levine (née Magaziner) and Marshall Landis, an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6582142", "chunk_text": "\"Sheldon Leonard\"\nSheldon Leonard Sheldon Leonard Bershad (February 22, 1907 – January 11, 1997) was an American film and television actor, producer, director, and writer. Sheldon Leonard Bershad was born in Manhattan, New York City, the son of middle class Jewish parents Anna Levit and Frank Bershad. He graduated from Syracuse University in 1929. As an actor, Leonard specialized in playing supporting characters, especially gangsters or \"\"heavies\"\", in films such as \"\"It's a Wonderful Life\"\" (1946; as bartender Nick), \"\"To Have and Have Not\"\" (1944), \"\"Guys and Dolls\"\" (1955), and \"\"Open Secret\"\" (1948). His trademark was his especially thick New York accent,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3389787", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Nussbaum\"\nMike Nussbaum Michael Nussbaum (born December 29, 1923) is an American actor and director. Nussbaum was born to a Jewish family. His acting career started in the 1950s. He appeared in many of David Mamet's plays both on and off Broadway, as well as in Chicago. His films include \"\"Field of Dreams\"\", \"\"House of Games\"\", \"\"Things Change\"\", \"\"Fatal Attraction\"\" and \"\"Men In Black\"\". His performance in Mamet's \"\"Glengarry Glen Ross\"\" on Broadway received a Drama Desk Award in 1984. As a director, his work has included \"\"Where Have You Gone, Jimmy Stewart?\"\" (2002) by Art Shay. Nussbaum also appeared in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "693972", "chunk_text": "\"John Amos\"\nJohn Amos John Allen Amos Jr. (born December 27, 1939) is an American actor known for his roles as James Evans, Sr. on the CBS television series \"\"Good Times\"\" and in the 1977 miniseries, \"\"Roots\"\", for which he received an Emmy nomination. Amos' other television work includes roles in \"\"The Mary Tyler Moore Show\"\" and a recurring role as Admiral Percy Fitzwallace on \"\"The West Wing\"\". In the 1988 Eddie Murphy film, Coming to America, Amos played Cleo McDowell, the father of Shari Headley's lead character, Lisa McDowell. Amos has appeared on Broadway and in numerous films throughout a career", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19428930", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Macht\"\nJesse Macht. Macht is also an ordained chaplain; and his book \"\"Moral Change: a Tragedy or a Return?: How Aristotle’s Tragic Reversal Illuminates Maimonides’ Teshuva\"\" was published on Amazon.com in October 2016. Stephen Macht Stephen Robert Macht (born May 1, 1942) is an American television and film actor. He is also father of actor Gabriel Macht. Macht was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to a Jewish family. He was raised in Brooklyn Heights, New York until, at age nine, his father died and he moved with his mother, Janette, and older brother, to live with his maternal grandfather, a haberdasher, in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1976715", "chunk_text": "\"Eugene Levy\"\nEugene Levy Eugene Levy, (born December 17, 1946) is a Canadian actor, comedian, producer, director, and writer. He is the only actor to have appeared in all eight of the \"\"American Pie\"\" films, in his role as Noah Levenstein. He often plays nerdy, unconventional figures, with his humour often deriving from his excessive explanations of matters and the way in which he deals with sticky situations. Levy is a regular collaborator of actor-director Christopher Guest, appearing in and co-writing four of his films, commencing with \"\"Waiting for Guffman\"\" (1997). Levy received the Governor General's Performing Arts Award, Canada's highest honour", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4148056", "chunk_text": "\"Kal Penn\"\nsupports Palestinian refugees. On January 28, 2017, following a racist comment from a user on Penn's Instagram, Penn crowd-funded a fundraiser for Syrian refugees and raised $517,646 in less than 24 hours. This occurred during President Donald Trump's Executive Order 13769 which banned immigration to the United States from Syria, Yemen, Sudan, Iran, Iraq, Libya, and Somalia regardless of visa status. Kal Penn Kalpen Suresh Modi (born April 23, 1977), known professionally as Kal Penn, is an American actor, comedian, producer, and former civil servant. As an actor, he is known for his role portraying Lawrence Kutner on the television", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20196672", "chunk_text": "\"Howard Gutman\"\nGutman also acted in several episodes of the HBO series \"\"K Street\"\", Tim Robbins' film \"\"Noise\"\" and the 2009 film \"\"Fame\"\". Howard Gutman Howard William Gutman (born July 8, 1956) is a lawyer, actor and former United States Ambassador to Belgium. After being nominated as Ambassador by United States President Barack Obama, Gutman was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on July 29, 2009, and sworn in as Ambassador on August 14, 2009. Gutman is the son of Polish immigrant and Holocaust survivor Max Gutman, who worked in New York's garment district. He attended public elementary schools and then the Bronx", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12453843", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Dern\"\nBruce Dern Bruce MacLeish Dern (born June 4, 1936) is an American actor, often playing supporting villainous characters of unstable nature. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for \"\"Coming Home\"\" (1978) and the Academy Award for Best Actor for \"\"Nebraska\"\" (2013). His other film appearances include \"\"The Cowboys\"\" (1972), \"\"Black Sunday\"\" (1977), \"\"Monster\"\" (2003), and \"\"The Hateful Eight\"\" (2015). Dern was born in Chicago, the son of Jean (née MacLeish; 1908–1972) and John Dern (1903–1958), a utility chief and attorney. He grew up in Kenilworth, Illinois. His paternal grandfather, George, was a Utah governor and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6303505", "chunk_text": "\"Edward G. Robinson\"\nthe 25 greatest male stars of Classic American cinema. Robinson was born as Emanuel Goldenberg to a Yiddish-speaking Romanian Jewish family in Bucharest, the son of Sarah (née Guttman) and Morris Goldenberg, a builder. After one of his brothers was attacked by an anti-semitic mob, the family decided to immigrate to the United States. Robinson arrived in New York City on February 21, 1904. \"\"At Ellis Island I was born again\"\", he wrote. \"\"Life for me began when I was 10 years old.\"\" He grew up on the Lower East Side, had his Bar Mitzvah at First Roumanian-American Congregation, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14533099", "chunk_text": "Americathon\nstyle outfit during a scene where Meat Loaf's character donates blood. The Del Rubio triplets can be seen performing \"\"America the Beautiful\"\" behind several posing bodybuilders. John Carradine was to have played \"\"Uncle Sam\"\" in this film, but his scenes did not make the final cut edit. Director Neal Israel has a cameo as a protesting Rabbi holding a picket sign reading \"\"The President Is A Yutz\"\" (Yiddish for \"\"a stupid, clueless person\"\"). In a scene where Eric McMerkin is reading a list of \"\"Government Approved\"\" performers, the names of \"\"Proctor & Bergman\"\" (the co-authors of the original play) can", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5479057", "chunk_text": "\"Kevin Weisman\"\non both the \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" \"\"Must List\"\" and Matt Roush/\"\"TV Guide\"\"s \"\"Top 10 scene stealers.\"\" In 2004, Weisman was a participant in the first-ever national television advertising campaign supporting donations to Jewish federations. The program featured \"\"film and television personalities celebrating their Jewish heritage and promoting charitable giving to the Jewish community\"\". In 2005, Weisman married Jodi Tanowitz, a preschool teacher, in a Jewish ceremony. He has two children, Maya Rose Weisman (born 2006) and Eli Samuel Weisman (born 2008) Kevin Weisman Kevin Glen Weisman (born December 29, 1970) is an American film, television and stage actor. He has played", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19206179", "chunk_text": "\"Coming to America\"\nfunny idea\"\" but suggesting the screenplay had escaped before it was ready. Canby viewed the film as essentially a romantic comedy but said the romantic elements fell flat, and the film instead goes for broad slapstick. Siskel & Ebert had mixed opinions on the film. Siskel enjoyed the acting from Murphy and Hall but Ebert was disappointed that Murphy did not bring his usual more lively performance, and Ebert was also critical of the unoriginal script. The film was nominated for two Oscars: Best Costume Design by Deborah Nadoolman Landis and Best Makeup by Rick Baker, who designed the makeup", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11353095", "chunk_text": "\"Monty Woolley\"\nMonty Woolley Edgar Montilion \"\"Monty\"\" Woolley (August 17, 1888May 6, 1963) was an American stage, film, radio, and television actor. At the age of 50, he achieved a measure of stardom for his best-known role in the stage play and 1942 film \"\"The Man Who Came to Dinner\"\". His distinctive white beard was his trademark and he was affectionately known as \"\"The Beard.\"\" Woolley was born in New York City's Manhattan to William Edgar Woolley (1845-1927) and Jessie née Arms (1857-1927) and grew up in the highest social circles. Woolley received a bachelor's degree at Yale University, where Cole Porter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15528398", "chunk_text": "\"Michael Aronov\"\nMichael Aronov Michael Aronov is an Uzbek-American actor and playwright. Born in Uzbekistan, Aronov is a Tony Award-winning actor that has worked in film, television and theatre. Most recently, he starred opposite Sir Ben Kingsley and Oscar Isaac in MGM's \"\"Operation Finale\"\". In the film, Aronov portrays a real life Mossad Agent who was responsible for having Adolf Eichmann confess his true identity while hiding out in Argentina - eventually leading to the trial that convicted him for the murder of millions. The actor also spent three seasons on the award winning series \"\"The Americans\"\" playing a physicist that is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6619667", "chunk_text": "\"Larry Thomas (actor)\"\nLarry Thomas (actor) Larry Thomas (born Larry Tomashoff; 1956) is an American actor, best known for his guest role as Yev Kassem, the Soup Nazi, on \"\"Seinfeld\"\", for which he was nominated for an Emmy Award. In addition to making personal appearances as the Soup Nazi, Thomas has appeared in a number of films, TV shows, and commercials, and appears at autograph-signing shows across the country. Thomas was born in Brooklyn, New York to a Jewish family of Russian and Romanian background. Prior to acting, Thomas had jobs as a bailbondsman, bartender, and janitor. He is best known for his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19409896", "chunk_text": "\"America (Neil Diamond song)\"\nAmerica (Neil Diamond song) \"\"America\"\" (also known as \"\"They're Coming to America\"\" or \"\"Coming to America\"\") is a patriotic song written and originally recorded by Neil Diamond, released in 1980 on the soundtrack album of Diamond's film \"\"The Jazz Singer\"\". The song was a hit single in the United States in 1981, reaching number eight on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and was Diamond's sixth number one on the Adult Contemporary chart. \"\"Billboard\"\" also rated it as the #62 pop single overall for 1981. Although the single version was a studio recording, it sounds live because of crowd overdubs in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4516515", "chunk_text": "\"Ari'el Stachel\"\nAri'el Stachel Ari'el Stachel (born 1991 in Berkeley, California) is an American actor of Israeli Yemenite (and New York Jewish) descent who won the 2018 Tony Award for Featured Actor in a Musical for his role in \"\"The Band's Visit\"\". Stachel was born and raised in Berkeley, California. His father, the son of Yemeni Jewish immigrants, grew up in Israel; his mother, Laura Stachel, is an Ashkenazi Jew from New York. The two met on a kibbutz. Stachel has said that he was uncomfortable with his ethnic heritage while growing up. His parents divorced when he was young, and he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3084519", "chunk_text": "\"Michael Stuhlbarg\"\nMichael Stuhlbarg Michael Stuhlbarg (; born July 5, 1968) is an American actor. He rose to prominence as troubled university professor Larry Gopnik in the 2009 dark comedy film \"\"A Serious Man\"\", directed by Joel and Ethan Coen. Stuhlbarg has appeared in numerous films and television series portraying real life figures, such as George Yeaman in \"\"Lincoln\"\" (2012), Lew Wasserman in \"\"Hitchcock\"\" (2012), Andy Hertzfeld in \"\"Steve Jobs\"\" (2015), Edward G. Robinson in \"\"Trumbo\"\" (2015), Abe Rosenthal in \"\"The Post\"\" (2017), and Arnold Rothstein in HBO's \"\"Boardwalk Empire\"\" (2010–2013). Other notable supporting roles include \"\"Men in Black 3\"\" (2012), \"\"Blue", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18980086", "chunk_text": "\"Eddie Kane\"\nEddie Kane Eddie Kane (August 12, 1889 – April 30, 1969) was an American actor who appeared in over 250 productions from 1928 to 1959. Kane was born in St. Louis, Missouri. His early career was in vaudeville as a member of the two-man team of Kane & Herman. Some of his more famous films include \"\"The Public Enemy\"\" (1931), \"\"The Mummy\"\" (1932), \"\"Mr. Deeds Goes to Town\"\" (1936), \"\"Mr. Smith Goes to Washington\"\" (1939), \"\"Meet John Doe\"\" (1941), \"\"Yankee Doodle Dandy\"\" (1942), \"\"It's a Wonderful Life\"\" (1946), and \"\"The Ten Commandments\"\" (1956). Kane appeared in three Academy Award for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18619953", "chunk_text": "\"Jonathan Silverman\"\nWood Haven Productions. He guest starred as a controversial standup comedian in \"\"\"\" in 2014. He also guest starred in \"\"Elementary\"\" in early 2016. In 2004, Silverman was a participant in the first-ever US television advertising campaign supporting donations to Jewish federations. The program featured \"\"film and television personalities celebrating their Jewish heritage and promoting charitable giving to the Jewish community\"\" and included Greg Grunberg, Marlee Matlin, Joshua Malina, and Kevin Weisman. Jonathan Silverman Jonathan Elihu Silverman (born August 5, 1966) is an American actor. Known for his role in the comedies \"\"Weekend at Bernie's\"\" and its sequel \"\"Weekend at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7114731", "chunk_text": "\"Joshua Malina\"\nABC's \"\"Scandal\"\" as Assistant U.S. Attorney David Rosen. He was promoted to a series regular for season 2. Malina co-hosts the podcast \"\"The West Wing Weekly\"\" with Hrishikesh Hirway. The series debuted in March 2016. In 2004, Malina was a participant in the first-ever national television advertising campaign supporting donations to Jewish federations. The program featured \"\"film and television personalities celebrating their Jewish heritage and promoting charitable giving to the Jewish community\"\" and included Greg Grunberg, Marlee Matlin, Kevin Weisman, and Jonathan Silverman. Joshua Malina Joshua Charles Malina (born January 17, 1966) is an American film and stage actor. He", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19206178", "chunk_text": "\"Coming to America\"\n42 critics with an average rating of 5.9/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"Eddie Murphy was in full control at this point, starkly evident in \"\"Coming to America\"\"s John Landis' coasting direction.\"\" On Metacritic, the film holds a weighted average score of 47 out of 100, based on 16 reviews, indicating \"\"mixed or average reviews\"\". Sheila Benson in the \"\"Los Angeles Times\"\" called it a \"\"hollow and wearying Eddie Murphy fairy tale\"\" and bemoans, \"\"That an Eddie Murphy movie would come to this.\"\" Vincent Canby in \"\"The New York Times\"\" was also critical of the writing, calling it a \"\"possibly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11416569", "chunk_text": "\"Jamaica Estates, Queens\"\nthe named streets have etymologies originating from Languages of the United Kingdom, such as Aberdeen, Avon, Hovenden, Barrington, Chelsea, and Chevy Chase Street. However, unlike Forest Hills Gardens, which is a similarly wealthy Queens neighborhood with an atypical Queens street layout, the street numbering system does conform to the rest of Queens, employing the \"\"dash\"\" found in the Philadelphia grid street numbering system familiar throughout all other parts of the borough. In the film \"\"Coming to America\"\", Cleo McDowell (John Amos) lived in Queens at 24-32 Derby Avenue, a fictitious address. Also was featured in the movie Belly, it was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4053936", "chunk_text": "\"Yakov Smirnoff\"\nYakov Smirnoff Yakov Naumovich Pokhis (; born 24 January 1951), better known as Yakov Smirnoff (), is a Soviet-born American comedian, actor and writer. After emigrating to the United States in 1977, Smirnoff began performing as a stand-up comic. He reached his biggest success in the mid-to-late 1980s, appearing in several films and the television sitcom vehicle \"\"What a Country!\"\". His comic persona was of a naive immigrant from the Soviet Union who was perpetually confused and delighted by life in the United States. His humor combined a mockery of life under Communism and of consumerism in the United States,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14548401", "chunk_text": "\"American Jews\"\nMessianic Jews but also consider themselves ethnically Jewish. Another 700,000 American Christian adults considered themselves \"\"Jews by affinity\"\" or \"\"grafted-in\"\" Jews. Jews are overrepresented in American Buddhism specifically among those whose parents are not Buddhist, and without Buddhist heritage, with between one fifth and 30% of all American Buddhists identifying as Jewish though only 2% of Americans are Jewish. Nicknamed \"\"Jubu\"\"s, an increasing number of American Jews have begun adopting Buddhist spiritual practice, while at the same time continuing to identify with and practice Judaism. Notable American Jewish Buddhists include: Robert Downey, Jr. Allen Ginsberg, Linda Pritzker, Jonathan F.P. Rose,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10770541", "chunk_text": "\"Aharon Ipalé\"\nAharon Ipalé Aharon Ipalé (December 27, 1941 – June 27, 2016) was an Israeli-American actor, known for his roles in American and British film and television productions. His credits included \"\"Fiddler on the Roof\"\" (1971), \"\"Innocent Bystanders\"\" (1972), \"\"Raid on Entebbe\"\" (1977), \"\"Too Hot to Handle\"\" (1977), \"\"The Concorde ... Airport '79\"\" (1979), \"\"The Happy Hooker Goes Hollywood\"\" (1980), \"\"Xanadu\"\" (1980), \"\"Who Dares Wins\"\" (1982), \"\"Eye of the Widow\"\" (1991), \"\"Son of the Pink Panther\"\" (1993), \"\"The Mummy\"\" (1999), and \"\"The Mummy Returns\"\" (2001). Ipalé was born in Morocco on December 27, 1941. He arrived in present-day Israel with his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10294251", "chunk_text": "\"Jason Fuchs\"\nJason Fuchs Jason Isaac Fuchs (born March 5, 1986) is an American actor and screenwriter, best known for writing \"\"\"\" (2012), \"\"Pan\"\" (2015) and \"\"Wonder Woman\"\" (2017). In January 2015, Fuchs was included on the \"\"Forbes\"\" 30 Under 30 list. Fuchs was born in New York City, to a Jewish family (of Hasidic background on his father's side). He went on to enroll and graduate from Columbia University. Fuchs has been acting since he was seven years old, making his debut at Lincoln Center in the play \"\"Abe Lincoln in Illinois\"\" with Sam Waterston. Fuchs has also guest-starred on \"\"Cosby\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18695695", "chunk_text": "\"George Segal\"\nman status with an unchanged Jewish surname—thus paving the way for Dustin Hoffman and Barbra Streisand. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in \"\"Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?\"\" and has won two Golden Globe Awards, including the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for his performance in \"\"A Touch of Class\"\". On television, he is best known for his roles as Jack Gallo on \"\"Just Shoot Me!\"\" (1997–2003) and as Albert \"\"Pops\"\" Solomon on \"\"The Goldbergs\"\" (2013–present). Segal is also an accomplished banjo player. He", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20618543", "chunk_text": "\"John Amos\"\nto Elisabete De Sousa. Amos has been a resident of Tewksbury Township, New Jersey. John Amos John Allen Amos Jr. (born December 27, 1939) is an American actor known for his roles as James Evans, Sr. on the CBS television series \"\"Good Times\"\" and in the 1977 miniseries, \"\"Roots\"\", for which he received an Emmy nomination. Amos' other television work includes roles in \"\"The Mary Tyler Moore Show\"\" and a recurring role as Admiral Percy Fitzwallace on \"\"The West Wing\"\". In the 1988 Eddie Murphy film, Coming to America, Amos played Cleo McDowell, the father of Shari Headley's lead character,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19206181", "chunk_text": "\"Coming to America\"\nworking on \"\"Coming to America\"\" based on a story by Eddie Murphy. Buchwald won the breach of contract action and the court ordered monetary damages. The parties later settled the case out-of-court before an appeal going to trial. The soundtrack to the film was released on LP, cassette and CD. The songs \"\"Coming to America\"\" by The System, \"\"Better Late Than Never\"\" by The Cover Girls and \"\"Come into My Life\"\" by Laura Branigan and Joe Esposito were released as singles from the album. \"\"That's The Way It Is\"\" by Mel & Kim had been released as a single in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9221426", "chunk_text": "\"Eli Danker\"\nwith guest roles on \"\"Nash Bridges\"\", \"\"The Agency\"\", \"\"Alias\"\", \"\"The West Wing\"\", \"\"JAG, and \"\"The Closer\"\". Eli Danker Eli Danker (; born 12 October 1948) is an Israeli actor who has appeared in numerous films and television series. He is the father of Ran Danker. Danker made his professional television debut on the Israeli comedy program \"\"Nikui Rosh\"\", though he quickly established himself as a character actor in both television and film, playing Judas Iscariot in \"\"Jesus\"\", and contributing to several Israeli films, including \"\"Gabi Ben Yakar\"\" and \"\"B'Yom Bahir Ro'im et Dameshek\"\". During the 1980s, Danker guest-starred on a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4308475", "chunk_text": "\"Michael Moriarty\"\nMichael Moriarty Michael Moriarty (born April 5, 1941) is an American-Canadian stage and screen actor and jazz musician. He received an Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award for his first acting role on American television as a Nazi SS officer in the 1978 mini-series \"\"Holocaust\"\", and he played Executive Assistant District Attorney Benjamin Stone for the first four seasons (1990–1994) on the television show \"\"Law & Order.\"\" Moriarty is also known for his roles in films such as \"\"Bang the Drum Slowly\"\", \"\"Who'll Stop the Rain\"\", \"\"Q: The Winged Serpent\"\", \"\"The Stuff\"\", \"\"Pale Rider\"\", \"\"Troll\"\", \"\"Courage Under Fire\"\", and \"\"Shiloh\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10198900", "chunk_text": "\"Sandy Helberg\"\nSandy Helberg Sandy Helberg (born May 28, 1949) is a German-born American actor. Helberg was born in Frankfurt, Germany, the son of Tonia (née Altman) and Sam Helberg. His parents were both Holocaust survivors from Poland who met in a concentration camp. They emigrated to the United States in 1950, where his father, originally a barber, eventually became a real estate developer in Toledo, Ohio, where Sandy and his brothers Ted and Tom were raised. He relocated to New York City and studied acting with Sanford Meisner at the Neighborhood Playhouse. He performed stand-up comedy and was part of an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12169803", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Bond Davis\"\nMary Bond Davis Mary Bond Davis (born June 3, 1958) is a singer, actor, and dancer from Los Angeles, California. Davis began her career at the age of fifteen singing with various bands. She was a member of The Young Americans from 1974 to 1976, and appeared with them on \"\"The Bing Crosby Christmas Show\"\". In 1980, Davis auditioned for Ain't Misbehavin', which traveled throughout the United States and Canada, and in 1982, spent a year with the world tour of \"\"Ain't Misbehavin\"\". Davis' most memorable film appearance is in Eddie Murphy's Coming To America. Additional film credits include \"\"Jo", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9678987", "chunk_text": "\"Bryan Greenberg\"\nBryan Greenberg Bryan Greenberg (born May 24, 1978) is an American actor and singer, known for his starring role as Ben Epstein in the HBO original series \"\"How to Make It in America\"\" as well as a recurring role as Jake Jagielski in the WB series \"\"One Tree Hill\"\" and as Nick Garrett on the short-lived ABC drama \"\"October Road\"\". His film work includes \"\"The Perfect Score\"\", \"\"Prime\"\", \"\"Nobel Son\"\", \"\"Bride Wars\"\", \"\"The Good Guy\"\", \"\"Friends with Benefits\"\", and \"\"A Short History of Decay\"\". Greenberg was born in Omaha, Nebraska, the son of Denise \"\"Denny\"\" (born 1951) and Carl Greenberg", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5026708", "chunk_text": "\"Steve Hytner\"\nthe first three films of \"\"The Prophecy\"\" series. He appears in the 2006 comedy film \"\"Bachelor Party Vegas\"\" and reprised his role as Kenny Bania on the fictional \"\"Seinfeld\"\" reunion table read on \"\"Curb Your Enthusiasm\"\" in 2009. He was the Camp Superior counselor in the 2012 comedy film \"\"Fred 3: Camp Fred\"\", and plays the role of client Roger Bodder in the comedy/thriller film \"\"Bad Vegan and the Teleportation Machine\"\". Steve Hytner Stephen Arthur Hytner (born September 28, 1959) is an American actor. He is perhaps best known for his role as Kenny Bania on the NBC series \"\"Seinfeld\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2986141", "chunk_text": "\"Dennis Michael Lynch\"\nabout the serious impacts of a midlife crisis and not feeling content. The film features Billy Joel, Christie Brinkley, Alec Baldwin, and Ed Burns. It premiered at the Hamptons International Film Festival 2010. In 2012, Lynch released a film about illegal immigration in the United States, \"\"They Come to America\"\", written and directed by Lynch. In 2012, Lynch begin filming \"\"They Come to America II'. On July 4, 2013, Lynch appeared on a special episode of \"\"Hannity\"\" titled \"\"The Cost of Amnesty\"\" in which he, Sean Hannity, and other guests, discussed Lynch's latest movie \"\"\"\" as well as the recent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7137744", "chunk_text": "\"Justin Lazard\"\nmost recent film activity was as co-producer of \"\"The Americans Are Coming, the Americans Are Coming!\"\" in 2003. Justin Lazard Justin Lazard (born November 30, 1967) is an American actor, producer, director, and model. Lazard was born in New York, but raised in Connecticut, and is of English, German and Irish descent. His father, Sidney Lazard, is a former foreign correspondent, and his mother, Julie (née Thayer), is a photographer. In 1974, the family relocated to Paris where his father was stationed by ABC News. After his parents' divorce when he was a freshman in high school, Lazard marked time", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12776080", "chunk_text": "\"Robert H. Harris\"\nRobert H. Harris Robert H. Harris (born Robert H. Hurwitz; July 15, 1911 – November 30, 1981) was an American character actor. A veteran of the Yiddish Art Theater from his teens, Harris made his first Broadway appearance in 1937 in \"\"Schoolhouse on the Lot\"\". His other Broadway credits include \"\"Xmas in Las Vegas\"\" (1965), \"\"Minor Miracle\"\" (1965), \"\"Foxy\"\" (1963), \"\"Look, Ma, I'm Dancin'!\"\" (1947) and \"\"Brooklyn, U.S.A.\"\" (1941). In 1952, Harris was the managing director of the Woodstock Playhouse in Woodstock, New York. Prior to that, he had directed repertory theatera in Boston and Hollywood. From 1950 on, he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3359	who is the most followed user on instagram 2017?	n/a	[ "Instagram's own account" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16517339", "chunk_text": "Instagram\ngenerally received by a small percentage of a person's Facebook friends\"\". As noted by the technology media, the incident occurred at the same time parent company Facebook was under scrutiny for its algorithms and advertising campaigns being used for offensive and negative purposes. In August 2017, reports surfaced that a bug in Instagram's developer tools had allowed \"\"one or more individuals\"\" to gain access to the contact information, specifically email addresses and phone numbers, of several high-profile verified accounts, including its most followed user, Selena Gomez. The company said in a statement that it had \"\"fixed the bug swiftly\"\" and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17364516", "chunk_text": "\"Celebrity branding\"\nare deciding to attempt to reach the largest assortment of potential consumers possible, rather than reaching a small number of consumers but more frequently – which is described as frequency (Belch & Belch, 2012). An example of the usefulness of a celebrity's reach can be shown in statistics taken from telegraph.co.uk regarding the world's most followed Instagram celebrities. The most followed Instagram celebrity is Selena Gomez, with each post that she makes being viewed by all or most of her 145 million followers. Cristiano Ronaldo is 2nd, with 144 million followers, and Ariana Grande is 3rd with 116 million followers.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3753885", "chunk_text": "Instagram\nit had 5 million users, which increased to 10 million in September. This growth continued to 30 million users in April 2012, 80 million in July 2012, 100 million in February 2013, 130 million in June 2013, 150 million in September 2013, 300 million in December 2014, 400 million in September 2015, 500 million in June 2016, 600 million in December 2016, 700 million in April 2017, and 800 million in September 2017. In October 2016, Instagram Stories reached 100 million active users, two months after launch. This increased to 150 million in January 2017, 200 million in April, surpassing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3753886", "chunk_text": "Instagram\nSnapchat's user growth, and 250 million active users in June 2017. In April 2017, Instagram Direct had 375 million monthly users. In June 2011, Instagram passed 100 million photos uploaded to the service. This grew to 150 million in August 2011, and by June 2013, there were over 16 billion photos on the service. In October 2015, there existed over 40 billion photos. On August 9, 2012, English musician Ellie Goulding released a new music video for her song \"\"Anything Could Happen.\"\" The video only contained fan-submitted Instagram photographs that used various filters to represent words or lyrics from the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9877855", "chunk_text": "\"Kylie Cosmetics\"\nthe recognizable lip gloss design was moved to the inside of the box. In the April 2018 release of the Kourt X Kylie Collection, Kylie Cosmetics included eyeshadow palettes with brand new plastic packaging rather than the traditional cardboard packaging. Kylie Cosmetics heavily depends on social media for its marketing. Because of her extensive use of advertising on social media, Kylie Jenner has been dubbed by some as a \"\"marketing genius\"\". As of August 2018, Kylie Jenner has the most followed Snapchat account and 118 million Instagram followers, all who see her teases to past and future makeup releases. While", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8499253", "chunk_text": "\"Anna Zak\"\nAnna Zak Anna Kuzenkov (, ; born March 12, 2001), known professionally as Anna Zak (), is an Israeli social media star, singer and model, with 4 million followers on musical.ly and over 1 million followers on Instagram, becoming famous on social media both in Israel and internationally. She is regarded as one of the most influential Israelis on the internet. She was ranked by Nana 10 as number 1 on the list of Israeli youth influencing Instagram in 2017. As of 2017, she ranks as the number 1 most influential Israeli Instagrammer, ahead of Bar Refaeli, according to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17934692", "chunk_text": "\"Justin Bieber\"\nsurpassed Lady Gaga for having the most followed person on Twitter in January 2013. In early November 2013, Katy Perry surpassed him for having the most followers. As of 2017, Bieber was the second most followed user of Twitter, while his VEVO channel made him the third most subscribed user of YouTube until by 2018 where it became the second most subscribed user of YouTube. The music video for Bieber's song \"\"Baby\"\" is the second most disliked on YouTube, receiving over 9.93 million dislikes since its upload in 2010, being only surpassed by the 2018 YouTube Rewind in December 2018.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18838695", "chunk_text": "\"Katy Perry\"\nin June 2017. Keith Caulfield of \"\"Billboard\"\" stated that the singer is \"\"the rare celebrity who seems to have enormous popularity but genuine ground-level interaction with her adoring KatyCats.\"\" With a combined total of over 246 million followers across Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, she is the fourth most followed musician across social media. In June 2017, \"\"Time\"\" listed Perry among its \"\"25 Most Influential People on the Internet\"\" of the year, writing that her live-stream for \"\"Witness\"\" was \"\"blazing a trail\"\" for being \"\"the closest any major entertainer has come to giving fans the kind of 'real' intimacy that social", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6670981", "chunk_text": "\"Celebrity branding\"\nsites, including Twitter, Instagram and Facebook, are a popular non-traditional medium for celebrities endorsing products and brands (Jin & Phua, 2014). The advantages of using celebrity endorsements on social media is the large reach that celebrities have. This means that large audiences are exposed to the influence of the celebrity to encourage positive purchasing behaviours towards the brand (Jin & Phua, 2014). In 2013, the most followed accounts on Twitter with more than 30million followers each were Justin Bieber, Lady Gaga and Katy Perry (Jin & Phua, 2014). Jin and Phua, (2014) state that the more followers someone has the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18838694", "chunk_text": "\"Katy Perry\"\nIn February 2009, Perry told \"\"Seventeen\"\" that her fashion style was \"\"a bit of a concoction of different things\"\" and stated she enjoyed humor in her clothing. She has also described herself as having \"\"multipersonality disorder\"\" for fashion. Perry lists Gwen Stefani, Shirley Manson, Chloë Sevigny, Daphne Guinness, Natalie Portman, and the fictional character Lolita as her style icons. On social media, Perry surpassed Justin Bieber as the most followed person on Twitter in November 2013. She won the 2015 Guinness World Record for most Twitter followers, and became the first person to gain 100 million followers on the site", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "124247", "chunk_text": "Selfie\nInstagram boasted 500 million daily active users of its self-promotion, selfie-sharing app and 800 million monthly active users. Snapchat reports 178 million daily active users of its service. As of July 2017, in order of popularity, the four most popular social networking services are Facebook, Facebook Messenger, Instagram, and Snapchat. Initially popular with young people, selfies gained wider popularity over time. Life and business coach Jennifer Lee, in January 2011, was the first person to coin it as a hashtag on Instagram. By the end of 2012, \"\"Time\"\" magazine considered selfie one of the \"\"top 10 buzzwords\"\" of that year;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4279976", "chunk_text": "\"Selena Gomez\"\n(2012), \"\"Getaway\"\" (2013) and \"\"The Fundamentals of Caring\"\" (2016). She voices the character of Mavis in the \"\"Hotel Transylvania\"\" film franchise. Outside of entertainment, Gomez released her own clothing line through Kmart in 2010 and a self-titled fragrance in 2013. In 2017, she released a limited-edition collection of handbags called \"\"Selena Grace\"\" that she designed in collaboration with the luxury brand Coach, Inc. She has worked with various charitable organizations for years and became a UNICEF ambassador at the age of seventeen. Gomez was the most followed Instagram user in the world before surpassed by athlete Cristiano Ronaldo in late", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4222788", "chunk_text": "\"Model (person)\"\nmedia income from endorsing products on Instagram. Australian personal trainer Kayla Itsines acquired five-and-a-half million Instagram followers allowing her to build a business in the fitness industry. Brazilian model Claudia Alende had gained a following of 2.8 million people on Instagram by 2015 and developed a career as a lingerie model. Plus-size models Iskra Lawrence and Tess Holliday have used Instagram to demonstrate their potential as models. Yashika Aannand, an Indian teenage actress rose to prominence in the Tamil film industry after gaining popularity among the public as an Instagram model with over 145,000 followers on her account by 2017.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10548511", "chunk_text": "\"Kevin Systrom\"\nVice-President James Everingham, as well as Kevin Weil, who formerly headed product development at Twitter, as high-ranking executives at Instagram. As of October 2015, 40 billion pictures had been shared on Instagram. As of June 2016, Instagram had over 500 million active users. Also in 2016, \"\"CNN\"\" quoted a study according to which Snapchat was regarded as the most important social network among teenagers aged 14 to 19, the first time in two years that Instagram did not feature at the top. Instagram currently employs around 450 people. The app is used by 600 million people per month and 300", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7825639", "chunk_text": "\"Taylor Hill (model)\"\nand Mexican \"\"Vogue\"\", Harper's Bazaar, French, Dutch and Australian \"\"Elle\"\", \"\"W\"\", \"\"Madame Figaro\"\", \"\"Dazed\"\", \"\"LOVE\"\", \"\"V\"\", Russian \"\"Número\"\", \"\"Pop Magazine\"\", British, Spanish, Turkish, Italian Cosmopolitan, \"\"Russh Magazine\"\", \"\"Grazia\"\", \"\"Glamour\"\" and Italian \"\"Marie Claire\"\". In 2016 her name has reached No. 9 with 3.6 million followers on the \"\"Most Followed Models\"\" list by \"\"Harper's Bazaar\"\". She now has 11.6 million Instagram followers as of November 2018. After working in campaigns and photoshoots, Taylor Hill walked for high fashion designers Versace, Valentino, Chanel, Armani, Moschino, Dolce & Gabbana, Brandon Maxwell, Balmain, Givenchy, Tommy Hilfiger, Fendi, H&M, Ralph Lauren, Kenzo, Alexander Wang, Lanvin,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19222981", "chunk_text": "\"Fashion influencer\"\na blog in the first place. Jenn Im became a fashion influencer due to her successful Youtube channel, German influencer Pamela Reif due to her high reach on Instagram. In 2017, Instagram was the social media platform with the highest reach for fashion influencers. Forbes calculated that the top ten fashion influencers combined generated a reach of 23,3 million on Instagram. At the same time, the fashion industry had the highest share on Instagram influencer marketing in the US. It’s share, approximately 61 percent, dominated by far subsequent sectors investing in influencer marketing such as travel (8 percent) and food", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3753889", "chunk_text": "Instagram\nthe most active on Instagram with 23%. Following behind, college graduates consist of 18% and users with a high school diploma or less make up 15%. Among these Instagram users, 24% say they use the app several times a day. Ongoing research continues to explore how media content on the platform affects user engagement. Past research has found that media which show peoples' faces receive more 'likes' and comments and that using filters that increase warmth, exposure, and contrast also boosts engagement. Users are more likely to engage with images that depict fewer individuals compared to groups and also are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16517341", "chunk_text": "Instagram\nthat cybersecurity firm RepKnight had found contact information for multiple actors, musicians, and athletes, and singer Selena Gomez's account was used by the hackers to post naked photos of her ex-boyfriend Justin Bieber. The company admitted that \"\"we cannot determine which specific accounts may have been impacted\"\", but believed that \"\"it was a low percentage of Instagram accounts\"\", though \"\"TechCrunch\"\" stated in its report that six million accounts were affected by the hack, and that \"\"Instagram services more than 700 million accounts; six million is not a small number\"\". Instagram users' passwords were exposed accidentally. According to Instagram, the plaintext", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1649254", "chunk_text": "\"Neta Alchimister\"\nNeta Alchimister Neta Alchimister (; born April 20, 1994) is an Israeli model, swimwear designer and social media star. Since 2015, she has been lead model for Castro (clothing). She is the founder of designer swimwear company BaNaNhot. Aside from her business and modelling career, she is Israel's 3rd most influential Instagrammer, behind Bar Refaeli and Anna Zak, according to the Israeli Internet Association. She is the Israeli with the third most social media followers, after Gal Gadot and Bar Refaeli. Alchimister was born to a family of Austrian Jewish, Libyan Jewish and Algerian Jewish heritage. She served in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14413325", "chunk_text": "\"Model (person)\"\n16 per cent using Facebook. Some Instagram models have gained high-profile modelling jobs and become celebrities. Fitness model Jen Selter had become an Internet celebrity by 2014 with nearly 2 million Instagram followers, gaining professional sports management work and modelling for \"\"Vanity Fair\"\" magazine. Cosplayer and model Anna Faith had acquired over 250,000 Instagram followers by 2014, gaining success from her ability to impersonate the Disney character Elsa. With Facebook's continuing decrease in post reach, Instagram has increasingly become the favorite platform for cosplayers. American actress Caitlin O'Connor had almost 300,000 Instagram followers in 2016, earning most of her social", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7256609", "chunk_text": "\"Omar Raja\"\nhad about half a million followers on Instagram at the time. Bleacher Report acquired House of Highlights in December, and hired Raja after he graduated. In January 2016, the Instagram account had 2.1 million followers, and in March 2017, it had over 5 million followers. Dave Finocchio, the CEO of Bleacher Report, likens Raja to the modern or young person's \"\"SportsCenter\"\", and it was also noted by the website Crowd Tangle that the account has one of the highest interaction rates (number of users who comment or like). Bernstein said that for the month of November 2017, House of Highlights", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7257444", "chunk_text": "\"Dimash Adilet\"\ninto fights at school, although always forgiven thanks to his outstanding academic performance. Dimash Adilet currently has around 1 million followers across his social media profiles. He first started gaining popularity on Instagram in 2015 for sharing snapshots of his luxury lifestyle and \"\"refined\"\" sense of fashion, along with philosophical writing and inspirational captions on the subjects such as life, love, staying positive and treating each other with respect. With his online content, he is aiming to motivate the younger generation and act as a role model to encourage personal and intellectual growth of the youth. Dimash is also known", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14630554", "chunk_text": "\"Murad Osmann\"\nway to communicate, a way to bring images that I hold in my mind to the surface.” Osmann is best known for the \"\"Follow Me\"\" project that began in Barcelona, Spain in 2011 when his then-girlfriend, Natalia Zakharova, became annoyed each time he kept stopping to take photos. She would pull him away, but he took the photograph anyway, this sparked the \"\"Follow Me\"\" series. According to Osmann, Nataly’s impatience was the inspiration behind what has since become a social media phenomenon. Osman currently has 4.1 million followers on his Instagram account. Originally all #Followmeto photos were made on an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9383360", "chunk_text": "\"Kevin Systrom\"\nKevin Systrom Kevin York Systrom (born December 30, 1983) is an American programmer and entrepreneur. He created Instagram, the world's largest photo sharing website. He co‑founded Instagram along with Mike Krieger. Instagram is ranked world's 14th most visited site by Alexa rankings. He was keen programmer and loved photography. Under Systrom as CEO, Instagram has become a fast growing app, with 800 million monthly users as of September 2017. Systrom resigned as CEO of Instagram on September 24, 2018. Systrom was born in 1983 in Holliston, Massachusetts. He is the son of Diane (Pels), a marketing executive at Zipcar, who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1283173", "chunk_text": "Neymar\nMarch 2015, Neymar had the fourth highest social media rank in the world among sportspeople, behind Cristiano Ronaldo, Lionel Messi and David Beckham, with 52 million Facebook fans. He has over 100 million Instagram followers, the second highest for a sportsperson (after Cristiano Ronaldo), and inside the top 10 most followed people. In ESPN's list of active sportspeople in 2016, Neymar was ranked the fourth most famous athlete in the world. To mark the World Cup commencing in Brazil, in June 2014, Neymar appeared with supermodel Gisele Bündchen on the front cover of \"\"Vogue\"\"'s Brazilian edition. In November 2014, Neymar", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3753882", "chunk_text": "Instagram\npayment credentials, as well as if they want to prepopulate some of the information like their street address, the phone number, and the website\"\". The Instagram Insights panel, which lets businesses see their top posts, reach, impressions and engagement surrounding their posts as well as user demographics, was rolled out first to the United States, Australia, and New Zealand, with the rest of the world \"\"by the end of the year\"\". In February 2016, Instagram announced that it had 200,000 advertisers on the platform. This increased to 500,000 active advertisers in September 2016, and one million in March 2017. Instagram", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20252273", "chunk_text": "\"Social media marketing\"\nand other audiences through social media. Sports personalities such as Cristiano Ronaldo have 40.7 million followers on Twitter and 49.6 million on Instagram, creating opportunities for endorsements. Social media marketing Social media marketing is the use of social media platforms and websites to promote a product or service. Although the terms e-marketing and digital marketing are still dominant in academia, social media marketing is becoming more popular for both practitioners and researchers. Most social media platforms have built-in data analytics tools, which enable companies to track the progress, success, and engagement of ad campaigns. Companies address a range of stakeholders", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19415766", "chunk_text": "Twitter\nthan 24 hours later, it had been retweeted over 2.8 million times. , it has been retweeted over 3.4 million times. The group selfie effort was parodied by Lego, and Matt Groening with \"\"The Simpsons\"\". It beat the previous record, 778,801, which was held by Barack Obama, following his victory in the 2012 presidential election. On May 9, 2017, Ellen's record was broken by Carter Wilkerson (@carterjwm) by collecting nearly 3.5 million retweets in a little over a month. According to \"\"Guinness World Records\"\", the fastest pace to a million followers was set by actor Robert Downey Jr. in 23", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14413322", "chunk_text": "\"Model (person)\"\nmotives dominate over aesthetics in illustration, its artwork commonly employs models. Models are most frequently employed for art classes or by informal groups of experienced artists that gather to share the expense of a model. Instagram models have become popular due to the widespread use of social media. They are models who gain their success as a result of the large number of followers they have on Instagram and other social media. They should not be confused with established models such as Cara Delevingne and Gigi Hadid, who use Instagram to promote their traditional modelling careers, although some models, such", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3511544", "chunk_text": "\"Kevin Systrom\"\n2016, Systrom met with Pope Francis at the Vatican, where they discussed the power of images in uniting people \"\"across borders, cultures and generations\"\". Kevin Systrom Kevin York Systrom (born December 30, 1983) is an American programmer and entrepreneur. He created Instagram, the world's largest photo sharing website. He co‑founded Instagram along with Mike Krieger. Instagram is ranked world's 14th most visited site by Alexa rankings. He was keen programmer and loved photography. Under Systrom as CEO, Instagram has become a fast growing app, with 800 million monthly users as of September 2017. Systrom resigned as CEO of Instagram on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4758629", "chunk_text": "\"Raya (app)\"\nand how many active Raya members follow them. However, many community members with small Instagram followings seem to contradict this theory and the admittance algorithm remains a mystery. It costs $8/month (in US dollars) to be a member of Raya. Celebrities who have reportedly been spotted on the app include Lewis Hamilton, Demi Lovato, Stephanie Beatriz, Trevor Noah, Kelly Osbourne, Amy Schumer, Moby, John Mayer, Jason Nash, Chelsea Handler, Andrea Boehlke, Griffin Newman. and Logan Paul.. Raya (app) Raya is a private, membership based community for people all over the world to connect and collaborate. It launched in March 2015", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20965141", "chunk_text": "\"Celebrity branding\"\nCristiano Ronaldo endorses TAG Heuer through his Instagram account, he dutifully thanks them for the watches he has been given as a 'gift' and signs of his posts on Instagram with the companies advertising slogan. Global brands are expanding the use of digital communication via social media. Companies who use Instagram as a form of digital communication include, high fashion brands such as Christian Louboutin and Chanel. Both have been known to send products to influential users in return for an Instagram post and acknowledgement. Puma SE have recently increased their digital marketing campaigns through the use of sponsored adverts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19006445", "chunk_text": "\"Friending and following\"\nsocial network. It is not uncommon for people to have hundreds or even thousands of friends/followers on their social media accounts. As a result, many teen users feel pressured to make extremely curated posts, posting only carefully posed and edited photographs with well-thought-out captions. Some users (typically teenage girls) on Instagram create a second account, known as a \"\"Finsta\"\" (short for \"\"\"\"F\"\"ake \"\"Insta\"\"gram\"\"). A Finsta is typically private, and the owner only allows close friends to follow it. Since the follower count is kept down, the posts can be more candid and silly in nature. There are distinct groups of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18218167", "chunk_text": "\"Social media in the fashion industry\"\nfashion brand Tommy Hilfiger has incorporated social media into their marketing strategy effectively. They have understood the power that it has and the influence on consumers. By having someone who is well known and admired the brand received positive attention. Gigi Hadid is one of the most popular super models of 2016, with the Instagram following of 15.5 million people. She has modelled for the cover of Vogue, W, Harpers Bazaar, Elle, TeenVogue, Numéro, Schön! And CR Fashion Book, along with appearing in music videos and television programs around the world. (PVH, C. 2012). Tommy Hilfiger has cast Gigi as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11926634", "chunk_text": "\"Chris Messina (open-source advocate)\"\nand YouTube. So much so that Instagram had to officially place a \"\"30 hashtags\"\" limit on its posts to prevent people from abusing the use of hashtags. A limit which Instagrammers eventually circumvented by posting hashtags in the comments section of their posts. As of 2018 more than 85% of the top 50 websites by traffic on the Internet use hashtags and their use is highly common with millennials, Gen Z, politicians, influencers, and celebrities worldwide. Messina subsequently went on to become the Developer Experience Lead at Uber from 2016 to 2017. And as of 2018 ranks as the No.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5345177", "chunk_text": "\"Laura Brown (fashion journalist)\"\nof InStyle. As of January 2018, Brown has 180,000 Instagram followers and more than 43,000 Twitter followers. Of Instagram, Brown has said, \"\"It is the way to present yourself to the world. It is the magazine of your life.\"\" If Instagram is the magazine of one's life, then Brown's demonstrates that she is proud of her Australian heritage: her Instagram feed is full of images of Australian animals such as koalas and kangaroos, and she supports Australian labels such as Zimmermann by often wearing their clothes. Brown is friends with many celebrities, including fellow Australians Naomi Watts, Rose Byrne and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14776260", "chunk_text": "\"Parasocial interaction\"\n2.0 and that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content\"\". While use of social media for personal use is common, the use of social media by celebrities has given them an opportunity to have a larger platform for personal causes or brand promotion by facilitating word-of-mouth. In recent years, companies and brands have taken this opportunity to use celebrities to aide in impacting such key elements of the company-consumer relationship as brand image and brand awareness (Jansen et al. 2009). For example, Katy Perry currently serves as the top most followed individual on Twitter for having over 109 million", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18828957", "chunk_text": "\"Celebrity branding\"\nwith 50,000 to 500,000 followers might make $1000 for a post on Instagram. At the top end of the digital celebrity pay scale some posts can earn around $300,000, especially when Instagram pictures can be easily linked to other social media platforms such as Facebook or Twitter. One of the celebrities that is most well known for promoting brands on her Instagram page is Kim Kardashian. She currently posts advertisements for at least eight different brands, ranging from jewelry to morning sickness medication, with an estimated earning of $51 million from posting on her social media channels alone. Similarly, footballer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3753890", "chunk_text": "Instagram\nmore likely to engage with content that has not been watermarked, as they view this content as less original and reliable compared to user-generated content. Users on Instagram have created \"\"trends\"\" through hashtags, which are specific keywords combined with a hash symbol that lets them share content with other Instagram users. The trends deemed the most popular on the platform often highlight a specific day of the week to post the material on. Examples of popular trends include #SelfieSunday, in which users post a photo of their faces on Sundays; #MotivationMonday, in which users post motivational photos on Mondays; #TransformationTuesday,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7696717", "chunk_text": "\"Huda Kattan\"\nwere famously worn by Kim Kardashian. Kattan's company, which is based out of Dubai, later began to offer other beauty products, including eye shadow palettes, liquid lipsticks, lip liners, highlighter palettes, foundation, false nails and concealers. Kattan achieved popularity on Instagram, attaining more than 20 million followers as of 2017. Kattan is ranked #1 on the \"\"2017 Influencer Instagram Rich List\"\", earning $18,000 for each post of sponsored content. Kattan has been described as \"\"a Kim Kardashian West of the beauty influencer economy\"\", and was declared one of the \"\"ten most powerful influencers in the world of beauty\"\" by \"\"Forbes\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16517313", "chunk_text": "Instagram\nto take photos, add effects and layers, and add them to their Instagram story. Images uploaded to a user's story expire after 24 hours. The media noted the feature's similarities to Snapchat. In November, Instagram added live video functionality to Instagram Stories, allowing users to broadcast themselves live, with the video disappearing immediately after ending. In January 2017, Instagram launched skippable ads, where five-second photo and 15-second video ads appear in-between different stories. In April 2017, Instagram Stories incorporated augmented reality stickers, a \"\"clone\"\" of Snapchat's functionality. In May 2017, Instagram expanded the augmented reality sticker feature to support face", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3753887", "chunk_text": "Instagram\nsong, and over 1,200 different photographs were submitted. Instagram was listed among \"\"Time\"\"s \"\"50 Best Android Applications for 2013\"\" list. Instagram's users are divided equally with 50% iPhone owners and 50% Android owners. While Instagram has a neutral gender-bias format, 68% of Instagram users are female while 32% are male. Instagram's geographical use is shown to favor urban areas as 17% of US adults who live in urban areas use Instagram while only 11% of adults in suburban and rural areas do so. While Instagram may appear to be one of the most widely used sites for photo sharing, only", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "742417", "chunk_text": "\"Kendall Jenner\"\nmultiple editorials and cover shoots for \"\"LOVE\"\" and various international \"\"Vogue\"\" editions, walked for Victoria's Secret, and acts as brand ambassador for Estée Lauder's multimedia ad campaigns. Jenner made her debut at No. 16 on \"\"Forbes\"\" magazine's 2015 list of top earning models, with an estimated annual income of . As of April 2017, she is one of the top 15 most followed celebrities on Instagram. In 2017, Jenner became the World's Highest-Paid Model on the \"\"Forbes\"\" top-earning models list. Jenner was born in Los Angeles, California, to retired Olympic decathlete champion Caitlyn Jenner (previously Bruce) and television personality Kris", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16517288", "chunk_text": "Instagram\nInstagram Instagram (also known as IG) is a photo and video-sharing social networking service owned by Facebook, Inc. It was created by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger, and launched in October 2010 exclusively on iOS. A version for Android devices was released a year and 6 months later, in April 2012, followed by a feature-limited website interface in November 2012, and apps for Windows 10 Mobile and Windows 10 in April 2016 and October 2016 respectively. The app allows users to upload photos and videos to the service, which can be edited with various filters, and organized with tags and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20965142", "chunk_text": "\"Celebrity branding\"\nand endorsements on Instagram. This now allows products to be bought directly from the social media platform. As well as facilitating interactions with the companies target audience, promoting products through instagram can also generate media coverage. For example, Puma have aligned with Kylie Jenner to create the Puma Fierce trainer; reactions on social media to this collaboration from the likes of Kanye West have increased the awareness of the product. Celebrity advertisement posts on Instagram can generate upwards of 10 million engagements, according to social media data provider D’marie Archive. This makes these forms digital marketing communication an attractive bet", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19669016", "chunk_text": "\"Celebrity branding\"\ndemographic. According to the Telegraph (2015), the ten most popular Instagram accounts are all celebrities who all have around 30 million followers. By partnering with one of these celebrities, businesses are already reaching an engaged and targeted audience of 30 million people. Many of America's top-earning celebrities Instagram accounts are continually promoting products such as health supplements, vitamins and detox teas. These aren't spontaneous proclamations, but rather posts paid for by brands to advertise products to the celebrities' sizable following. On Instagram alone a profile with three-to-seven million followers can charge as much as $75,000 per endorsement, even a profile", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19518190", "chunk_text": "\"Paula Echevarría\"\nCaba. Since 2010 Echevarría writes the blog \"\"Tras la pista de Paula\"\" for \"\"Elle\"\" magazine. She is the Spanish person with the highest number of followers in Instagram In 2012 she was the person with the highest growth in Google searches in Spain. In 2015 Echevarria has been the mosth searched person in Bing in Spain for two consecutive years. in 2012 she starred in \"\"Vulnerables\"\" of Miguel Cruz. From 2014 to 2016 Echevarría is one of the main characters of \"\"Velvet\"\", the prime-time series of Antena 3, together with Miguel Ángel Silvestre, Aitana Sánchez Gijón, Marta Hazas, José Sacristán,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6201507", "chunk_text": "\"Nicki Minaj\"\nher own sex appeal, and sexuality in music and on social media, attracted criticism. \"\"Billboard\"\" listed Minaj the fourth-most-active musician on social media on its March 2011 Social 50 chart. As of 2018, Minaj is the world's most followed rapper on Instagram. On Twitter, she is one of the most followed rappers, with over 20 million followers on the app, as of 2018. In 2010, Minaj performed for service members during the 2010 VH1 Divas Salute the Troops concert. In 2012, in the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy, Minaj donated $15,000 to the Food Bank For New York City and held", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16517335", "chunk_text": "Instagram\nturn off the comments and, for private accounts, remove followers. In September 2017, the company announced that public users would be able to limit who can comment on their content, such as only their followers or people they follow. At the same time, it updated its automated comment filter to support additional languages. In June 2017, Instagram announced that it had introduced a new comment moderation system, that will automatically attempt to filter offensive, harassing, and \"\"spammy\"\" comments by default. The system is built using a Facebook-developed deep learning algorithm known as DeepText (first implemented on the social network to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16517344", "chunk_text": "Instagram\n\"\"7x7Magazine\"\"'s September 2011 issue featured Systrom and Krieger on the cover of their \"\"The Hot 20 2011\"\" issue. In December 2011, Apple Inc. named Instagram the \"\"App of the Year\"\" for 2011. In 2015, Instagram was named No. 1 by Mashable on its list of \"\"The 100 best iPhone apps of all time,\"\" noting Instagram as \"\"one of the most influential social networks in the world.\"\" Instagram Instagram (also known as IG) is a photo and video-sharing social networking service owned by Facebook, Inc. It was created by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger, and launched in October 2010 exclusively on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3360	when did the ncaa tournament became more important than the nit?	n/a	[ "By the mid-1980s" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "174521", "chunk_text": "\"College basketball\"\nthere. The NCAA tournament eventually overtook the NIT by 1960. Through the 1960s and 1970s, with UCLA leading the way as winner of ten NCAA Tournament championships, a shift in power to teams from the west amplified the shift of attention away from the New York City-based NIT. When the NCAA tournament expanded its field of teams from 25 to 32 in 1975, to 48 in 1980, to 64 in 1985, and to 68 teams in 2011, interest in the NCAA tournament increased again and again, as it comprised more and more teams, soon including all of the strongest ones.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2489807", "chunk_text": "Basketball\nchampionship for NCAA teams, the National Invitation Tournament (NIT) in New York, was organized in 1938; the NCAA national tournament would begin one year later. College basketball was rocked by gambling scandals from 1948 to 1951, when dozens of players from top teams were implicated in match fixing and point shaving. Partially spurred by an association with cheating, the NIT lost support to the NCAA tournament. Before widespread school district consolidation, most American high schools were far smaller than their present-day counterparts. During the first decades of the 20th century, basketball quickly became the ideal interscholastic sport due to its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633753", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\nwhen the NCAA eliminated the one-team-per-conference rule in 1975, its requirement that teams accept its bids relegated the NIT to a collection of teams that did not make the NCAA grade. Compounding this, to cut costs the NIT moved its early rounds out of Madison Square Garden in 1977, playing games at home sites until the later rounds. This further harmed the NIT's prestige, both regionalizing interest in it and marginalizing it by reducing its association with Madison Square Garden. By the mid-1980s, its transition to a secondary tournament for lesser teams was complete. In 2005, the NCAA purchased 10-year", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633743", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\nNational Invitation Tournament The National Invitation Tournament (NIT) is a men's college basketball tournament operated by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Played at Madison Square Garden in New York City each March and April, it was founded in 1938 and was originally the most prestigious post-season showcase for college basketball. Over time it became eclipsed by the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament – known today informally as \"\"March Madness\"\". The NIT has since been regarded more as a \"\"consolation\"\" tournament for teams that did not receive a berth in the NCAA tournament. A second, much more recent \"\"NIT\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633752", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\nOhio). The team played in the NIT instead, which it won. This led the NCAA to decree in 1971 that any school to which it offered a bid must accept it or be prohibited from participating in postseason competition, reducing the pool of teams that could accept an NIT invitation. As the NCAA over time expanded its field to include more teams, the reputation of the NIT suffered. In 1973, NBC moved televised coverage of the NCAA championship from Saturday afternoon to Monday evening, providing the NCAA Tournament with prime-time television exposure the NIT could not match. Even more crucially,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1046171", "chunk_text": "\"College basketball\"\nmore prestigious than the NCAA for many years, it ultimately lost popularity and status to the NCAA Tournament. In 1950, following a double win by the 1949–50 CCNY Beavers men's basketball team (when the NIT comprised 12 and the NCAA 8 teams), the NCAA ruled that no team could compete in both tournaments, and effectively indicated that a team eligible for the NCAA tournament should play in it. Not long afterward, assisted by the 1951 scandals based in New York City, the NCAA tournament had become more prestigious than before, with conference champions and the majority of top-ranked teams competing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20889673", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nNIT (which it won), the NCAA changed the rule to forbid a team the declines an NCAA Tournament bid from participating in any post-season tournament. Since then, the NCAA tournament has clearly been the major one, with conference champions and the majority of the top-ranked teams participating in it. A third-place game was held from 1946 to 1981. Additionally, when the tournament was first held in 1939 with only two regionals (East and West), the West held a third-place game, but the East did not. The East began holding its own third-place game in 1941, and from then on every", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633746", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\nteams in 1941, 12 in 1949, 14 in 1965, 16 in 1968, 24 in 1979, 32 in 1980, and 40 from 2002 through 2006. In 2007, the tournament reverted to the current 32-team format. In its early years, the NIT offered some advantages over the NCAA tournament: From its onset and at least into the mid-1950s, the NIT was regarded as the most prestigious showcase for college basketball. All-American at Princeton and later NBA champion with the New York Knicks and United States Senator Bill Bradley states: Several teams played in both the NIT and NCAA tournaments in the same", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633768", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\nname only. Neither the NWIT nor WNIT was connected with MIBA, and the WNIT was not purchased by the NCAA. National Invitation Tournament The National Invitation Tournament (NIT) is a men's college basketball tournament operated by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Played at Madison Square Garden in New York City each March and April, it was founded in 1938 and was originally the most prestigious post-season showcase for college basketball. Over time it became eclipsed by the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament – known today informally as \"\"March Madness\"\". The NIT has since been regarded more as a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1046170", "chunk_text": "\"College basketball\"\nnational collegiate championship was the NAIA in 1937, although it was quickly surpassed in prestige by the National Invitation Tournament, or NIT, which brought six teams to New York's Madison Square Garden in the spring of 1938. Temple defeated Colorado in the first NIT tournament championship game, 60–36. In 1939, another national tournament was implemented by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The location of the NCAA Tournament varied from year to year, and it soon used multiple locations each year, so more fans could see games without traveling to New York. Although the NIT was created earlier and was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20960077", "chunk_text": "\"Mythical national championship\"\ntournament, the NIT was generally considered to be superior. During the 1940s, the relative status of the two tournaments was unclear, and thus some years produced disputed national championship claims. Some contemporary sources claim superiority for the NIT during this time. In 1943, in a shrewd competitive move the NCAA tournament began sharing Madison Square Garden with the NIT. In 1945, following victories by the NCAA champions over the NIT champions in the Red Cross games, \"\"The New York Times\"\" indicated that many teams who could potentially get bids to enter either tournament would probably choose the NCAA tournament \"\"because", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2983203", "chunk_text": "\"Mythical national championship\"\nit involves stronger competition.\"\" In 1950, City College of New York won both the NIT and the NCAA tournaments in the same season, coincidentally defeating Bradley University in the championship game of both tournaments, and thus united the titles. After the fall-out from the 1951 gambling and point-shaving scandals, the NCAA tournament pulled out of Madison Square Garden. With conference champions and the majority of the top-ranked teams participating in it, the NCAA tournament since then came to be regarded as the more important post-season tourney and the sole determiner of the national championship, although following the taint of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17321628", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nthe nation during 1971; and Maryland, which was ranked #3 in the nation in 1974 but lost the ACC tournament championship game to eventual national champion North Carolina State), the NCAA began to place at-large teams in the tournament, instead of just conference champions. At times during the pre-at-large era, the NIT tournament competed for prestige with the NCAA tournament. However, in the 1950s the NCAA ruled that no team could compete in both tournaments. But when 8th ranked Marquette declined its invitation in 1970 after coach Al McGuire complained about the Warriors' regional placement and instead went to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633750", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\neach season, the rest being non-championship winning teams. Between 1939 and 1970, when teams could compete in either tournament, only DePaul (1945), Utah (1947), San Francisco (1949) and Holy Cross (1954) claim or celebrate national championships for their teams based solely on an NIT championship, although Long Island recognizes its selection as the 1939 national champion by the Helms Athletic Foundation, made in 1943. In 1943 the NCAA tournament moved to share Madison Square Garden with the NIT in an effort to increase the credibility of the NCAA Tournament. In 1945, \"\"The New York Times\"\" indicated that many teams could", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633749", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\nMeyer as not just benefit games, but as \"\"really the games for the national championship\"\". The NCAA champion prevailed in all three games. The Helms Athletic Foundation retroactively selected the NIT champion as its national champion for 1938 (Temple), and chose the NIT champion over the NCAA champion once, in 1939 (Long Island). More recently, the mathematically based Premo-Porretta Power Poll published in the \"\"ESPN College Basketball Encyclopedia\"\" retroactively ranked teams for each season prior to 1949, with the NIT champion finishing ahead of the NCAA champion in 1939 and 1941. Premo-Porretta ranks four NCAA champions as the best for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633745", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\nwas created by basketball's inventor Dr. James Naismith, and one year before the NCAA Tournament. The first NIT was won by the Temple University Owls over the Colorado Buffaloes. Responsibility for the NIT's administration was transferred in 1940 to the Metropolitan Intercollegiate Basketball Committee, a body of local New York colleges: Fordham University, Manhattan College, New York University, St. John's University, and Wagner College. This became the Metropolitan Intercollegiate Basketball Association (MIBA) in 1948. Originally the tournament invited a field of 6 teams, with all games played at Madison Square Garden in downtown Manhattan. The field was expanded to 8", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633748", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\nwon both the NIT and the NCAA tournaments in the same season, coincidentally defeating Bradley University in the championship game of both tournaments, and remains the only school to accomplish that feat because of a rule change in the early 1950s prohibiting a team from competing in both tournaments. The champions of both the NCAA and NIT tournaments played each other for a few years during World War II. From 1943 to 1945, the American Red Cross sponsored a postseason charity game between each year's tournament champions to raise money for the war effort. The series was described by Ray", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633744", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\ntournament is played in November and known as the NIT Season Tip-Off. Formerly the \"\"Preseason NIT\"\", it was founded in 1985. Like the postseason NIT, its final rounds are played at Madison Square Garden. Both tournaments were operated by the Metropolitan Intercollegiate Basketball Association (MIBA) until 2005, when they were purchased by the NCAA, and the MIBA disbanded. Unless otherwise qualified, the terms \"\"NIT\"\" or \"\"National Invitation Tournament\"\" refer to the post-season tournament in both common and official use. The post-season National Invitation Tournament was founded in 1938 by the Metropolitan Basketball Writers Association, one year after the NAIA Tournament", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12239775", "chunk_text": "\"NIT Season Tip-Off\"\nNIT Season Tip-Off The NIT Season Tip-Off is an annual college basketball tournament that takes place in November of each year, towards the beginning of the season. The first two rounds are held at campus sites, while the semifinals and the finals are held during the week of Thanksgiving in New York City. The tournament, which is a part of the regular season for all participating colleges, began in 1985 as the Preseason NIT, so-called in order to distinguish it from the post-season NIT. In 2005, the NCAA purchased the Men's Preseason and Postseason NIT and renamed the November tournament", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633751", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\nget bids to enter either tournament, which was not uncommon in that day. In any case, since the mid-1950s, the NCAA tournament has been popularly regarded by most individuals as the major post season tourney, with conference champions and the majority of the top-ranked teams participating in it. Nevertheless, as late as 1970, Coach Al McGuire of Marquette, the 8th-ranked team in the final AP poll of the season, spurned an NCAA at-large invitation because the Warriors were going to be placed in the NCAA Midwest Regional (Fort Worth, Texas) instead of closer to home in the Mideast Regional (Dayton,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633757", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\nTournament\"\". It has also been called a tournament to see who the \"\"69th best team\"\" in the country is (since there are now 68 teams in the NCAA Tournament). David Thompson, an All-American player from North Carolina State, called the NIT \"\"a loser's tournament\"\" in 1975. NC State, which had been the previous year's NCAA champion, refused to play in the tournament that year, following the precedent set by ACC rival Maryland the previous season after losing the Atlantic Coast Conference championship game to the top-ranked Wolfpack. In succeeding years, other teams such as Oklahoma State, Louisville, Georgia Tech, Georgetown,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9328609", "chunk_text": "\"Peter A. Carlesimo\"\nlose luster in the mid-1970s following the implementation of a rule (the so-called \"\"Al McGuire rule\"\") forbidding schools from declining bids to the National Collegiate Athletic Association tournament. This had led to a dwindling in talent and interest in the NIT, which Carlesimo sought to fix by rules changes implemented in 1977. Carlesimo proposed moving the early round games to campus sites, and having only the final four teams play at Madison Square Garden in New York City. This move is seen as the reason the NIT has survived, as more interest is garnered by the schools participating, as they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17092087", "chunk_text": "\"College Basketball on CBS\"\nthe early part of this era (circa 1966-1968), CBS carried one game on the opening Saturday and the championship game the following Saturday. By 1969, CBS moved their first round coverage from Saturday to Sunday to avoid conflicting with the NCAA tournament regional finals coverage on NBC. In the process, the NIT title game went head-to-head with the NCAA consolation game. The same would be true on both counts for the next three years. In 1973, CBS expanded their NIT coverage to four games. The March 17 game (Notre Dame-USC) went up against an NCAA regional final on NBC. Meanwhile,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20889633", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nNCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament The NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament, also known and branded as NCAA March Madness, is a single-elimination tournament played each spring in the United States, currently featuring 68 college basketball teams from the Division I level of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), to determine the national championship. The tournament was created in 1939 by the National Association of Basketball Coaches, and was the idea of The Ohio State University coach Harold Olsen. Played mostly during March, it has become one of the most famous annual sporting events in the United States. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633747", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\nyear, beginning with Colorado and Duquesne in 1940. Colorado won the NIT in 1940 but subsequently finished fourth in the NCAA West Region. In 1944, Utah lost its first game in the NIT but then proceeded to win not only the NCAA tournament, but also the subsequent Red Cross War Charities benefit game in which they defeated NIT champion St. John's at Madison Square Garden. In 1949, some Kentucky players were bribed by gamblers to lose their first round game in the NIT. This same Kentucky team went on to win the NCAA. In 1950, City College of New York", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17092086", "chunk_text": "\"College Basketball on CBS\"\nyears, while CBS will continue to air the game this time in odd-numbered years. In addition, CBS currently holds broadcasting rights to conference regular season and tournament games, including the American Athletic Conference, Atlantic Coast Conference, Big 12 Conference, Big East Conference, Big Ten Conference and Southeastern Conference. From 1966-1975, CBS provided national television coverage for selected games from the National Invitation Tournament. Before 1975, the NCAA only allowed one team per conference to play in the NCAA tournament. Therefore, the NIT got many top teams and was considered somewhat comparable in quality to the NCAA men's basketball tournament. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20960073", "chunk_text": "\"Mythical national championship\"\nto be the winner of the Celebration Bowl, DI FCS's only bowl game. The national championship of collegiate basketball that is officially recognized by the main governing body for collegiate athletics in the United States, the NCAA, has been awarded to the champion of an annual national post-season tournament run by the NCAA since 1939. Prior to the advent of national post-season college basketball tournaments, beginning with the NAIA national men's basketball championship in 1937, the National Invitation Tournament (NIT) in 1938 and the NCAA Tournament in 1939, virtually no third-party organizations selected basketball national champions. The Official NCAA Men's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2162405", "chunk_text": "\"National Commissioners Invitational Tournament\"\nNational Commissioners Invitational Tournament The National Commissioners Invitational Tournament was an eight-team postseason college men's basketball tournament run by the NCAA. It was introduced in 1974 as the Collegiate Commissioners Association Tournament. It was created because the NCAA wanted to \"\"kill\"\" the NIT, which, at that times it did not control. It only lasted two years before being discontinued after changes to the NCAA Tournament which allowed more than one team per conference to participate. The tournament was won in 1974 by Indiana over USC, 85–60, in St. Louis, Missouri. The 1974 tournament featured a collection of teams that came", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20960075", "chunk_text": "\"Mythical national championship\"\nrankings of college basketball teams for the 1895–96 through the 1947–48 seasons. (No regular, recognized national polling took place prior to the establishment of the Associated Press Poll and the Coaches Poll for college basketball prior to the 1948–49 and 1950–51 seasons, respectively.) The Premo-Porretta rankings were published in 2009 in the \"\"ESPN College Basketball Encyclopedia\"\". As with the Helms selections, the Premo-Porretta poll recognized the 1938 and 1939 NIT Champions as national champions; in addition to 1939, the poll's national championship selections differed from the results of the NCAA Tournament in 1941, 1943, 1944, 1945, and 1947. During World", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12239776", "chunk_text": "\"NIT Season Tip-Off\"\nthe NIT Season Tip-Off. The tournament remains one of the most well-known preseason tournaments in NCAA Division I men's basketball, along with the Maui Invitational and the Great Alaska Shootout. The tournament had a new format in 2006. The first two rounds were held at regional \"\"common sites\"\" instead of campus sites, making the format more like the postseason NCAA Tournament. Through 2014, the semifinals and finals had always been held at Madison Square Garden. In 2006, the common sites were Charlotte, North Carolina, Nashville, Tennessee, Indianapolis and Spokane, Washington. The tournament returned to its previous format in 2007 then", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15166796", "chunk_text": "\"AP Poll\"\n1990, 1991, 1997, 2003). In Division I men's and women's college basketball, the AP Poll is largely just a tool to compare schools throughout the season and spark debate, as it has no bearing on postseason play. Generally, all top 25 teams in the poll are invited to the men's and women's NCAA basketball tournament, also known as March Madness. The poll is usually released every Monday and voters' ballots are made public. The AP began compiling a ranking of the top 20 college men's basketball teams during the 1948–1949 season. It has issued this poll continuously since the 1950–1951", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3112551", "chunk_text": "\"Lefty Driesell\"\nof 1,000 fans had gathered after learning of the unorthodox practice session. The event soon became a tradition to build excitement for the basketball team's upcoming season. Midnight Madness has been adopted by many national programs such as UNC, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan State and Duke. In 1972, Maryland defeated Niagara, 100–69 to secure the NIT championship. Driesell said that the season attained the three goals he had set for the program at the time of his hiring: \"\"national prominence\"\", \"\"national ranking\"\", and \"\"a national championship\"\". On July 12, 1973, Driesell saved the lives of at least ten children from several", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20960074", "chunk_text": "\"Mythical national championship\"\nBasketball Records Book lists title selections of pre-tournament era teams by the Helms Athletic Foundation. The Helms Foundation's Bill Schroeder named a national champion from 1901 to 1982, with his selections from 1901 to 1941 being named retroactively in 1943 and 1957. The Helms champion, for the years in which the NIT and NCAA post-season tournaments were played, reflected the winners of the 1938 NIT and 1939 NIT, as well as the winners for all years of the NCAA Tournament except for 1939, 1940, 1944 and 1954. Most recently, the retroactive end-of-year Premo-Porretta Power Poll has provided the first national", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1509398", "chunk_text": "\"Men's college basketball on television\"\nBig East Conference games in virtual reality. \"\"By home team\"\" In 1974, Brent Musburger started using the term March Madness when describing the tournament. In 1991, CBS received exclusive rights to the entire tournament for the first time. Previously, ESPN had aired early round games. Beginning in 2011, CBS shared the early tournament rounds with TBS, TNT, and TruTV. The Final Four will alternate between CBS and TBS starting in 2016. The ESPN family of networks currently air the NIT games. AXS TV carries select games from the CBI. CBS Sports Network has broadcast the semifinal round and championship game", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2983204", "chunk_text": "\"Mythical national championship\"\ngambling scandals, the NIT was still considered a quality tournament for some time afterward. The NCAA built on the momentum of three consecutive Red Cross \"\"mythical national championship\"\" game victories over the NIT, eventually outmaneuvering the NIT by adeptly avoiding permanent damage from the 1951 gambling and point-shaving scandals and by adding more teams. As the NCAA Tournament steadily gained preeminence and became the sole source of naming the national champion, winners of the NCAA Tournament during those early years were given the same level of honor. Many schools claim or recognize pre-tournament era national college basketball championships by virtue", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20889700", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\ndivided among the Division I basketball playing schools and conferences as follows: The Division I Men's Basketball tournament is the only NCAA championship tournament where the NCAA does not keep the profits. CBS has been the major partner of the NCAA in televising the tournament since 1982, but there have been many changes in coverage since the tournament was first broadcast in 1969. From 1969 to 1981, the NCAA tournament aired on NBC, but not all games were televised. The early rounds, in particular, were not always seen on TV. In 1982, CBS obtained broadcast television rights to the NCAA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7332428", "chunk_text": "\"2016 National Invitation Tournament\"\n2016 National Invitation Tournament The 2016 National Invitation Tournament was a single-elimination tournament of 32 NCAA Division I teams that were not selected to participate in the 2016 NCAA Tournament. The annual tournament was played on campus sites for the first three rounds, with the Final Four and championship game being held at Madison Square Garden in New York City. The tournament began on Tuesday, March 15 and ended on Thursday, March 31. An experimental rule allowing players six personal fouls instead of five was approved for use in all national postseason tournaments except for the NCAA Tournament. The NIT", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17321619", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\n2016, the round of 64 was again deemed to be the first round. The process of seeding was first used in 1978 for automatically qualified (Q) and at-large (L) teams respectively, and then for all teams within their respective region in 1979. Starting in 2004, the NCAA began releasing full seeding numbers making known the overall #1 Seed. When seeding, the NCAA has used the following names for the four regions with the exception of 2004 to 2006 when they were named after host cities: <nowiki>*</nowiki> Vacated.<br>Bold denotes team also won tournament.<br><nowiki>†</nowiki> Overall #1 Seed starting in 2004.<br>To date, only", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6953184", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA March Madness (TV program)\"\nCBS prefers having a singular broadcast feed, the Team Stream feature will not be used during any year that CBS holds the rights for the Final Four. Prior to 2011, Turner Sports' best known association with college basketball perhaps occurred on December 11, 1982, when TBS (with the aid of more than 100 independent network affiliates and stations) broadcast a contest between Virginia and Georgetown (led by Ralph Sampson and Patrick Ewing respectively). The game in question (in which TBS paid approximately US$600,000 for the broadcasting rights) was called by Skip Caray and Abe Lemons. Beginning in 2012, TruTV also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20960076", "chunk_text": "\"Mythical national championship\"\nWar II, from 1943 to 1945, the NCAA, NIT and Madison Square Garden cooperated to host \"\"mythical national championship games\"\" between winners of each year's NCAA and NIT tournaments in order to benefit the American Red Cross' War Fund. The series was described by Ray Meyer, coach of the losing 1945 DePaul team, as \"\"the games for the national championship\"\". The NCAA champion prevailed in all three games. During the early years of the two tournaments, the NCAA and NIT competed against each other, giving rise to debate over their relative prowess. In 1939, the inaugural year of the NCAA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17321617", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nexistence, won both of its NCAA-recognized titles (1980, 1986) while in the Metro. List of schools with the longest time between NCAA tournament appearances (minimum 20-year drought): Through 2018, four schools that were considered \"\"major college\"\" by the Associated Press when it published its first college basketball rankings in 1948, and have been continuously in the AP's \"\"major\"\" classification, have yet to reach the national tournament. While the NCAA did not split into divisions until 1956 (university and college), the AP has distinguished \"\"major colleges\"\" from \"\"small colleges\"\" throughout the history of its basketball rankings. The NCAA tournament has changed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633761", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\nbids to the NIT if it is invited. The NIT Season Tip-Off carries none of the postseason tournament's stigma, and is one of many popular season-opening tournaments held every year around the country (alongside events such as the Maui Invitational and the now-defunct Great Alaska Shootout). In the past, NIT teams were selected in consultation with ESPN, the television home of the NIT. The goal of the NIT was to sustain the MIBA financially. Therefore, schools selected to play in the NIT were often major conference teams with records near .500 that had large television fan bases and would likely", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18884236", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitation Tournament\"\nfrom 1980 through 2001 is the same, eliminating the eight-game \"\"play-in\"\" opening round where teams played to qualify for second round games against the top eight seeds used 2002–2006. The tournament features four eight-team regions. The format won't affect the NIT's automatic bid to any regular-season conference champion that do not make the NCAA's field of 68, since 2011. Seven teams earned an NIT bid that way in 2006. A new attendance record for an NIT game was set at Syracuse University's Carrier Dome on March 19, 2007, at the Syracuse-San Diego State game. Syracuse won the game 80–64 with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20889702", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nshowed only the most competitive games. During the 1980s, the tournament's popularity on television soared. However, ESPN became a victim of its own success, as CBS was awarded the rights to cover all games of the NCAA tournament, starting in 1991. Only with the introduction of the so-called \"\"play-in\"\" game (between the 64 seed and the 65 seed) in the 2000s, did ESPN get back in the game (and actually, the first time this \"\"play-in\"\" game was played in 2001, the game was aired on TNN, using CBS graphics and announcers. CBS and TNN were both owned by Viacom at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17321685", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nto become the first ever #15 seed to advance to the Sweet Sixteen. The term was popularized as a result of City College of New York's successful run in the 1950 tournament. NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament The NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament, also known and branded as NCAA March Madness, is a single-elimination tournament played each spring in the United States, currently featuring 68 college basketball teams from the Division I level of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), to determine the national championship. The tournament was created in 1939 by the National Association of Basketball Coaches,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20030689", "chunk_text": "\"Paul Helms\"\nwith his selections from 1901 to 1941 being named retrospectively in 1943 and 1957. The Helms champion, for the years in which the NIT and NCAA post-season tournaments were played, reflected the winners of the 1938 NIT and 1939 NIT, as well as the winners for all years of the NCAA Tournament except for 1939, 1940, 1944 and 1954. The Foundation ceased giving a player-of-the-year award after Larry Bird during the 1978–79 season. The organization existed until 1982 to make selections for All-America teams and national championships in college football and college basketball. All selections were made by Schroeder. When", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20250974", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA v. Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma\"\ncommerce) until the late 1950s, sporting events were considered to be exempt from both acts, until the Supreme Court decision in \"\"International Boxing Club v. United States\"\". The National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) is a private non-profit organization founded in 1906 to regulate collegiate athletics. In the 1980s it consisted of approximately 900 college and university members, although only 187 participated in Division I football. In 1938, the first college football game was commercially televised by the University of Pennsylvania. From 1940 to 1950, all of Pennsylvania's home games were televised. Beginning in 1952 and continuing through 1957, the NCAA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6582847", "chunk_text": "\"National Collegiate Athletic Association\"\nbody, but in 1921, the first NCAA national championship was conducted: the National Collegiate Track and Field Championships. Gradually, more rules committees were formed and more championships were created, including a basketball championship in 1939. A series of crises brought the NCAA to a crossroads after World War II. The \"\"Sanity Code\"\" – adopted to establish guidelines for recruiting and financial aid – failed to curb abuses. Postseason football games were multiplying with little control, and member schools were increasingly concerned about how the new medium of television would affect football attendance. The complexity of those problems and the growth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17321613", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\nas of 2018. However, there was much less of a division between \"\"major\"\" and \"\"mid-major\"\" conferences in 1962, and the MVC was often seen in that day as a major basketball conference. The last time the Final Four was composed, as of 2018, of at least 75% of mid-major teams (3/4), i.e. excluding all present-day major conferences or their predecessors, was 1979, where Indiana State, then as now of the Missouri Valley Conference (which had lost several of its most prominent programs, among them Cincinnati, earlier in the decade); Penn, then as now in the Ivy League; and DePaul, then", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15325776", "chunk_text": "\"1944 NCAA Basketball Tournament\"\nteam to play in both the NIT and NCAA tournament in the same season. Utah was given a second chance to play in the NCAA Tournament after a March 1944 automobile accident killed a coaching aide and seriously injured two players on the Arkansas team. The following are the sites selected to host each round of the 1944 tournament: 1944 NCAA Basketball Tournament The 1944 NCAA Basketball Tournament involved 8 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division I college basketball. It began on March 24, 1944, and ended with the championship game on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3361	who were the twins that played for kentucky?	n/a	[ "Aaron Harrison", "Andrew Michael Harrison" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15484671", "chunk_text": "\"2013–14 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\nAll-America and Jordan Brand Classic game selection. He was the co-MVP in the Jordan Brand Classic. The Harrison twins, Aaron and Andrew, became the first set of twins to ever play for Kentucky. Andrew was the consensus top point guard and Aaron was the consensus top shooting guard in the 2013 class. Out of Richmond, Texas, the Twins committed to Kentucky on October 4, 2012, on a live broadcast on ESPNU. The Twins chose Kentucky over their Father's alma mater, Maryland. They were a McDonald's All-America and Jordan Brand Classic game selections. James Young was a consensus top ten prospect", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18439592", "chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\nthe 2013 NBA draft. Starting power forward Kyle Wiltjer transferred to Gonzaga and starting point guard Ryan Harrow transferred to Georgia State. Returning was former McDonald's All-American Alex Poythress and starting center Willie Cauley-Stein. The poor success of the 2012–13 team did not stop John Calipari from again producing another number one recruiting class. The entering class included a record six McDonald's All-Americans highlighted by Julius Randle and the Harrison Twins, Aaron and Andrew. Many recruiting analysts and experts proclaimed that the 2013 signing class was the greatest recruiting class since the infamous Fab Five in the 1990s. The team", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11160989", "chunk_text": "\"Marcus Lee\"\ndefeat De La Salle High School from Concord, California. Lee was a consensus top 20 player in the high school class of 2013 according to various recruiting services. He played in the 2013 Mcdonald's All American and Jordan Brand Classic games and was named 3rd team USA Today and first-team \"\"Parade\"\" All-American. On October 18, 2012, Lee committed to play at the University of Kentucky. He joined Julius Randle, twins Andrew Harrison and Aaron Harrison, James Young, and Dakari Johnson as one of six Kentucky signees to be selected in the 2013 McDonald's All-American Boys Game as well as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15484669", "chunk_text": "\"2013–14 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\nincluded a record six McDonald's All-Americans highlighted by Julius Randle and the Harrison Twins, Aaron and Andrew. The Wildcats were led by 2014 Consensus All-American and Southeastern Conference Men's Basketball Rookie of the Year Randle, a unanimous first-team All-SEC selection. James Young (SEC 2nd team) also earned conference honors. Many recruiting analysts and experts proclaimed that the 2013 signing class for Kentucky was the greatest recruiting class since the infamous Fab Five in the 1990s. Some proclaimed that it was the greatest ever assembled. It featured a record six McDonald's All-Americans and five consensus top fifteen players. Julius Randle, originally", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3125724", "chunk_text": "\"Sports in Kentucky\"\nSports in Kentucky Despite the national stereotype that Kentucky is a diehard basketball state, at the high school level the state produces many times over more top nationally ranked football players than basketball. In the past ten years the state has produced many players ranked among the top 20 in their position, notably Tim Couch, Chris Redman, Dennis Johnson, Eric Shelton, Michael Bush, Brian Brohm, Mario Urrutia, Earl Heyman, André Woodson, Micah Johnson, and DeVante Parker. An increasingly growing number of top baseball talent is also coming from Kentucky, such as Brandon Webb, Austin Kearns, and Paul Byrd. Louisville has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3125744", "chunk_text": "\"Sports in Kentucky\"\nWomen's football: Sports in Kentucky Despite the national stereotype that Kentucky is a diehard basketball state, at the high school level the state produces many times over more top nationally ranked football players than basketball. In the past ten years the state has produced many players ranked among the top 20 in their position, notably Tim Couch, Chris Redman, Dennis Johnson, Eric Shelton, Michael Bush, Brian Brohm, Mario Urrutia, Earl Heyman, André Woodson, Micah Johnson, and DeVante Parker. An increasingly growing number of top baseball talent is also coming from Kentucky, such as Brandon Webb, Austin Kearns, and Paul Byrd.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3182349", "chunk_text": "\"Aaron Harrison\"\nAaron Harrison Aaron Malik Harrison (born October 28, 1994) is an American professional basketball player for Galatasaray of the Turkish Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL) and the EuroCup. He was considered one of the top high school recruits in 2013 and played college basketball for the University of Kentucky alongside his twin brother Andrew. Harrison played in both the 2013 Jordan Brand Classic, and the 2013 McDonald's All-American Boys Game. Harrison was widely regarded as a top five player in the class of 2013 with Andrew Wiggins, Jabari Parker, Julius Randle, and twin brother Andrew. On March 9, 2013, Harrison and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17428934", "chunk_text": "\"The Batten Twins\"\nVirginia on September 8, 1958. They were involved in youth sports at an early age. In 1969, the brothers were featured in \"\"The Charleston Daily Mail\"\" about identical twins who participate in little league baseball. Both brothers played football from junior high to college with Bart attending West Virginia State University and Brad going to Glenville State College. As both schools had a longtime football rivalry, the brothers often played against each other but with Bart as a wide receiver and Brad a running back they were never on the field at the same time. In addition to teaching school,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13193251", "chunk_text": "\"Julius Randle\"\nfoot playing in a tournament and missed three months as a result. In March 2013, Randle returned for the TAPPS 5A playoffs and led his team to its third state title in four years. As a senior in 2012–13, Randle averaged 32.5 points and 22.5 rebounds per game. On March 20, 2013, Randle committed to Kentucky, choosing them over Texas, Kansas and Florida. He then joined Andrew Harrison, his twin brother Aaron Harrison, James Young, Dakari Johnson and Marcus Lee as the sixth Kentucky player selected to play in the 2013 McDonald's All-American Boys Game as well as the 2013", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20160367", "chunk_text": "\"2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\nThe \"\"Sporting News\"\" named Cauley-Stein a first-team All-American and Towns a third-team All-American. The AP, NABC, Naismith, \"\"Sporting News\"\" also named Calipari the National Coach of the Year. The NABC named Cauley-Stein its NABC Defensive Player of the Year. On April 9 UK held a press conference for all players that intended to declare for the 2015 NBA Draft. Seven players declared themselves eligible for the draft: Booker, Cauley-Stein, the Harrison twins (Aaron and Andrew), Johnson, Lyles, and Towns. Leading up to the draft Towns, Cauley-Stein, Booker and Lyles were projected as lottery picks. The Harrison twins and Johnson were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8229361", "chunk_text": "\"2013 McDonald's All-American Boys Game\"\nof the host city. The game includes a pair of twins in the Harrison brothers, which had recently happened in 2009 and 2006. Nine of the top ten recruits, according to ESPN.com's Class of 2013 ESPN 100 listing were selected, but Julius Randle, who missed most of the season with a foot fracture was not selected, originally. On March 6, Randle was added to the roster. He committed to Kentucky on March 20. On March 18, Parker earned the Morgan Wootten Male Player of the Year (also known as the McDonald's player of the year). The award recognizes \"\"the McDonald's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5569668", "chunk_text": "\"Tommy Kron\"\n3 Regional titles; during his junior season (1960–61), he led them to the Indiana Final Four. The Marksmen lost their semi-final matchup to the Indianapolis Manual Redskins, starring the Van Arsdale Twins, Dick Van Arsdale and Tom Van Arsdale. He was named All-State and an Indiana All-Star in 1962. Kron was inducted into the Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame in 2001. Kron played college basketball at the University of Kentucky under legendary coach Adolph Rupp; he was a member of 2 SEC championship teams (1963-64 & 1965-66). As a senior member of Rupp's Runts during the 1965–1966 season, he led", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13642573", "chunk_text": "\"Lexington, Kentucky\"\nthe best program in college basketball history. The basketball program was the first to reach 2000 wins, and is currently coached by John Calipari. The Transylvania University Pioneers compete in NCAA Division III athletics. Lexington is home to the Lexington Legends, a Class A minor-league affiliate of the Kansas City Royals as of 2012. Since its inception in 2001, Lexington has produced numerous major leaguers, including 2009 National League All-Star Hunter Pence (outfielder), John Buck (catcher), Mike Gallo (pitcher), Chaz Roe (pitcher), and Josh Anderson, (right fielder). The Legends belong to the South Atlantic League, and have two league titles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4134535", "chunk_text": "\"The Armstrong Twins\"\nThe Armstrong Twins The Armstrong Twins were a bluegrass and country duo consisting of the twins Floyd (1930-1994) and Lloyd Armstrong (1930-1999). They were born on January 24, 1930 in De Witt, Arkansas to a musical family, and active mostly in the 1940s and 1950s. They were one of several brother duos of their era, of which they were the only twins. Initially they both played guitar; but after randomly picking an instrument at a pawn shop in 1938 at his father's behest (\"\"It's a wonder I didn't pick a tuba\"\"), Lloyd started to play the mandolin and sing harmony,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7707716", "chunk_text": "\"Branch McCracken\"\ndrastically undermined the ability of coaches to lure talented players to Indiana. Nevertheless, McCracken did manage to successfully recruit twins Dick Van Arsdale and Tom Van Arsdale, both of whom would earn All-America honors in 1965. McCracken ultimately coached IU for 23 years, amassing 364 wins and 210 Big Ten wins. His teams also won four regular season Big Ten titles and went to the NCAA tournament four times, winning two national titles. McCracken was enshrined in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame as a player in 1960. He was also honored by Monrovia Jr.-Sr. High School when his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5922875", "chunk_text": "\"2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\nHarrison twins (Aaron and Andrew), Johnson, Lyles, and Towns. On April 13, assistant coach Barry Rohrssen left the team to join the St. John's staff under new head coach Chris Mullin. On April 23 Poythress announced that he would return to Kentucky for his senior season. On April 28 Mulder announced his decision to attend Kentucky at press conference. On May 22 Tony Barbee, who served as special assistant to Calipari in 2015, was officially announced as Rohrssen's replacement on Calipari's staff. On June 24 Murray announced his decision to Kentucky televised on Canada's TSN, donning a Canadian flag. He", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8673984", "chunk_text": "\"The McGuire Twins\"\nThe McGuire Twins Billy Leon McCrary (December 7, 1946 – July 14, 1979) and Benny Loyd McCrary (December 7, 1946 – March 26, 2001), known together as The McGuire Twins, were American professional wrestlers listed in the \"\"Guinness Book of World Records\"\" as the \"\"World's Heaviest Twins\"\" ( and , respectively). Born in Hendersonville, North Carolina, the twins began using the stage name McGuire and gained popularity as tag-team wrestlers and in carnival stunt shows. Billy McCrary died on July 14, 1979, at the age of 32, following a motorcycle accident in Niagara Falls en route to Ripley's Believe It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15761237", "chunk_text": "\"Bobby Perry\"\nBobby Perry Bobby Perry (born 1985) is an American basketball player who played both forward positions for the University of Kentucky from 2003 to 2007. Bobby Perry was part of Kentucky's 2003 recruiting class, recruited by Coach Tubby Smith. He is a former Mr. Basketball North Carolina, coming out of Hillside High School in Durham, North Carolina. Perry saw only limited playing time in his first two seasons, but toward the end of his sophomore year he became one of the first players off the bench, playing at either forward position and replacing Kelenna Azubuike or Chuck Hayes. After the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19170736", "chunk_text": "\"Shane Boyd\"\ndrafted as a pitcher by the Minnesota Twins the 12th round of the 2004 MLB Draft but decided against signing. He was a great football player and baseball player at Henry Clay High School in Lexington, Kentucky. His brother, Aaron, was a wide receiver at Kentucky. He played in 36 games while starting 16 at Kentucky. He finished his college career with 2,484 passing yards with 13 touchdowns and gained 845 rushing yards on 191 carries and 13 touchdowns. \"\"Source\"\": Boyd was rated the 50th best quarterback in the 2005 NFL Draft by NFLDraftScout.com. Boyd was signed by the Tennessee", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17268254", "chunk_text": "\"2014–15 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\nESPN, the No. 11 overall by Scout, and the No. 13 overall by Rivals. The first player to make known his decision was Cauley-Stein, who decided to return to school on April 14. On April 17 Young declared himself eligible for the 2014 NBA Draft. Shortly after Young's announcement, Lee announced that he would return for his sophomore season on April 18. On April 22 Randle also declared himself eligible for the draft. Following Randle's announcement, on April 23 Johnson and Poythress announced they were returning to school. The Harrison twins soon after announced that they were returning for their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13058076", "chunk_text": "\"Howie Crittenden\"\nHowie Crittenden Howard Royce \"\"Howie\"\" Crittenden (March 3, 1933 – August 30, 2013) was an American basketball player, best known for his college career at Murray State University and in the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU). Crittenden first gained fame as a high school player for the Cuba High School Cubs who, despite an enrollment of only around 100 students, captured the 1952 Kentucky state championship, defeating the much larger Louisville Manual High. Crittenden was named all-state his last two years and a high school All-American in his senior season. He then moved to Murray State, where over his four-year career", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15761240", "chunk_text": "\"Bobby Perry\"\nof the American Basketball Association, earning second team All-ABA honors for the 2009-2010 season. Perry's cousin Dwight Perry also played for Kentucky. Perry is recently married to Jennifer (formerly known as) Grimes. Bobby Perry Bobby Perry (born 1985) is an American basketball player who played both forward positions for the University of Kentucky from 2003 to 2007. Bobby Perry was part of Kentucky's 2003 recruiting class, recruited by Coach Tubby Smith. He is a former Mr. Basketball North Carolina, coming out of Hillside High School in Durham, North Carolina. Perry saw only limited playing time in his first two seasons,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4134536", "chunk_text": "\"The Armstrong Twins\"\nwhile Floyd played the guitar and sang lead. Their biggest hit is the \"\"Mandolin Boogie\"\". They became active again in the 1980s. The Armstrong Twins The Armstrong Twins were a bluegrass and country duo consisting of the twins Floyd (1930-1994) and Lloyd Armstrong (1930-1999). They were born on January 24, 1930 in De Witt, Arkansas to a musical family, and active mostly in the 1940s and 1950s. They were one of several brother duos of their era, of which they were the only twins. Initially they both played guitar; but after randomly picking an instrument at a pawn shop in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7422671", "chunk_text": "\"Mookie Blaylock\"\nthe same crime, although their characters are not featured in a majority of the episode. The suspects names are Roland \"\"Mookie\"\" Benitez and Eric Blaylock. In 2011, two of Blaylock's sons, twins Daron and Zack, committed to play football for the University of Kentucky. The sons are graduates of Walton High School in Marietta, Georgia. Mookie Betts, an outfielder for the Boston Red Sox was named after Blaylock. Blaylock resides in Zebulon, Georgia. His youngest son, Dominic, is also a graduate of Walton High School, and has committed to play football for UGA. During the afternoon of May 31, 2013,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3854262", "chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats\"\nKentucky Wildcats The Kentucky Wildcats are the men's and women's intercollegiate athletic squads of the University of Kentucky (UK), a founding member of the Southeastern Conference. Historically, the women's teams and athletes were referred to as the \"\"Lady Kats\"\", but all athletic squads adopted the \"\"Wildcats\"\" nickname in 1995. Collectively, the fans of the Kentucky Wildcats are often referred to as the Big Blue Nation. The nickname \"\"Wildcats\"\" became synonymous with UK shortly after a 6–2 football road victory over Illinois on October 9, 1909. Commandant Philip W. Corbusier, then head of the military department at old State University, told", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15629706", "chunk_text": "\"Art Still\"\nthird on the Chiefs all-time sack list with 48.5 and has also made 922 tackles and 11 fumble recoveries. He led the team in sacks on 6 occasions, twice registering 14½ in a season and topped the team's tackle chart 3 times. He was traded to the Buffalo Bills in 1988 and played there for 2 seasons. Art Still's younger sister, Valerie Still, is the all-time leading scorer and rebounder in University of Kentucky basketball history among men and women. His cousin is Houston Texans defensive tackle Devon Still. He also has two sons and a daughter who are Kansas", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1014892", "chunk_text": "\"Jeremy Sowers\"\nJeremy Sowers Jeremy Bryan Sowers (born May 17, 1983) is an American former professional baseball pitcher and current scout with the Tampa Bay Rays. Sowers grew up in Louisville, Kentucky, where he attended Ballard High School. His twin brother, Joshua Sowers, formerly played in the Toronto Blue Jays organization. Sowers pitching repertoire featured a fastball with which he varies the speed between about 85 and 92 mph, a curveball, a slider that cuts in on right-handed batters, and a changeup. Sowers threw four no-hitters in high school. In both his junior and his senior year at Ballard, he led the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15609993", "chunk_text": "\"Terry Shumpert\"\nShumpert's son, Nick is a shortstop, was drafted by the Detroit Tigers pick number 220 in round seven of the 2015 MLB draft. Nick chose to head to junior college and was drafted and signed by the Atlanta Braves in July 2016. Shumpert is also cousins with Mookie Betts of the Boston Red Sox. , or Retrosheet, or Pura Pelota (Venezuelan Winter League) Terry Shumpert Terrance Darnell Shumpert (born August 16, 1966) is a former Major League Baseball utility player. He is an alumnus of the University of Kentucky. As a three-year starter in the middle infield for coach Keith", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6754354", "chunk_text": "\"The Cole Twins\"\nThe Cole Twins The Cole Twins were a professional wrestling tag team consisting of twin brothers Kent and Keith Cole. They competed in North American regional and independent promotions, however the twins were best known for their stint in World Championship Wrestling during the early 1990s. During their time in WCW, they feuded with several tag teams including Tex Slazenger and Shanghai Pierce, The Wrecking Crew (Rage and Fury), Harlem Heat (Booker T and Stevie Ray) and The Hollywood Blonds (Brian Pillman and Steve Austin). Brought in as a regular tag team by then booker Dusty Rhodes in late 1992,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18439595", "chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\nin the National Championship Game. After the 2014 season, Kentucky only lost Juilius Randle and James Young to the NBA draft. The returning players consisted of a record-tying nine McDonald's All-Americans. Juniors Cauley-Stein and Poythress returned with sophomores Aaron and Andrew Harrison, Johnson, and Lee to join the No. 2 ranked 2015 recruiting class which was highlighted of Gatorade Player of the Year Karl-Anthony Towns for the 2015 season. The team began its season in the Bahamas on a six-game tour against international clubs and teams. While in the Bahamas the team established a \"\"platoon system\"\" which featured two groups", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8673985", "chunk_text": "\"The McGuire Twins\"\nor Not!. Benny lived for 21 more years, until his death at age 54 on March 26, 2001 of heart failure. The McGuire Twins Billy Leon McCrary (December 7, 1946 – July 14, 1979) and Benny Loyd McCrary (December 7, 1946 – March 26, 2001), known together as The McGuire Twins, were American professional wrestlers listed in the \"\"Guinness Book of World Records\"\" as the \"\"World's Heaviest Twins\"\" ( and , respectively). Born in Hendersonville, North Carolina, the twins began using the stage name McGuire and gained popularity as tag-team wrestlers and in carnival stunt shows. Billy McCrary died on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15484673", "chunk_text": "\"2013–14 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\nRivals, and No. 18 over all player by Scout. Johnson led his high school, Montverde, to a national championship at the National High School Invitational where he claimed MVP honors after logging 18 points and eight rebounds. He was a McDonald's All-America. Marcus Lee was a highly touted forward that a multi-sport star in high school, make all-state selections in both basketball and volleyball. He committed to Kentucky on October 17, 2012, choosing Kentucky over California and Louisville. He was a McDonald's All-America and Jordan Brand Classic game selection. Derek Willis was the first commitment in the class of 2013.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15238088", "chunk_text": "\"Doc Rodes\"\non trucks. Rodes started to suffer from a heart attack, and as he called for help one spectator broke silence with \"\"Doc Rodes is dying up here.\"\" Doc Rodes William \"\"Doc\"\" Rodes (October 7, 1894 – January 28, 1946) was an American football, basketball, and baseball player for the Kentucky Wildcats of the University of Kentucky. Rodes served in the First World War as a Second Lieutenant. Rodes was a cousin of earlier Kentucky football player William \"\"Red Doc\"\" Rodes, often called William while Black Doc is called Doc. \"\"Doc\"\" also had two brothers play football at Kentucky: J. W.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15238085", "chunk_text": "\"Doc Rodes\"\nDoc Rodes William \"\"Doc\"\" Rodes (October 7, 1894 – January 28, 1946) was an American football, basketball, and baseball player for the Kentucky Wildcats of the University of Kentucky. Rodes served in the First World War as a Second Lieutenant. Rodes was a cousin of earlier Kentucky football player William \"\"Red Doc\"\" Rodes, often called William while Black Doc is called Doc. \"\"Doc\"\" also had two brothers play football at Kentucky: J. W. \"\"Boots\"\" Rodes was on the 1904 team that went 9–1. Pete Rodes was a halfback on the 1907 team, and upon entering the Naval Academy was captain", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12627907", "chunk_text": "\"Calvin Bird\"\nCalvin Bird James Calvin Bird (February 11, 1938 – June 19, 2013) was an American football player who played college football for the Kentucky Wildcats of the University of Kentucky and spent an off-season in the American Football League (AFL) with the New York Jets. Bird grew up in Corbin, Kentucky and played football and basketball and ran track at Corbin High School. He was one of four brothers, all of whom played sports at Corbin and later in college. In football, he led his team to the state championship as a junior and was selected All-State as a junior", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7442196", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Savage\"\nJack Savage John Joseph \"\"Jack\"\" Savage is a former Major League Baseball pitcher who played for the Los Angeles Dodgers in 1987 and the Minnesota Twins in 1990. He was born on April 22, 1964 in Louisville, Kentucky. He attended St. Xavier High School in Louisville, and he went on to attend the University of Kentucky. He threw and batted right-handed. At 6'3\"\" tall and 190 pounds, Savage was drafted by the Dodgers in the 8th round (194th overall) of the 1985 amateur entry draft. He was signed by Dodgers scout Carl Loewenstine. He first season in the minors was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19160882", "chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats baseball\"\nfor the most part they delivered. They started the season 19–0 before falling to Arkansas. They then fell into a tailspin but rebounded at the end of the year to just miss the SEC playoffs after a Tennessee Volunteers win. They finished with a 37–19 record. Jason Kipnis, who was an outfielder for that team, is now a second baseman for the Cleveland Indians. In 2008, Kentucky started off strong posting a 19–0 record and being ranked as high as #4 in the nation. The Wildcats rolled into conference play and began to struggle after being swept by eventual College", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2177568", "chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\nwas due to more than wins and losses, citing \"\"philosophical differences\"\" and \"\"a clear gap in how the rules and responsibilities overseeing the program are viewed\"\". On April 1, 2009, John Calipari replaced former head coach Billy Gillispie as the Wildcats head coach. To begin his tenure at the University of Kentucky, John Calipari signed one of the best all time recruiting classes. The class was headlined by four five-star recruits: John Wall, DeMarcus Cousins, Daniel Orton, and Eric Bledsoe. On December 19, 2009, the Wildcats defeated Austin Peay 90–69 extending their record to 11–0, and John Calipari broke Adolph", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17976538", "chunk_text": "\"2015–16 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team\"\nat the 2014 FIBA Americans U18 Championships to a gold medal. He was a McDonald's All-America and Jordan Brand Classic game selection. Skal Labissière, originally from Haiti, was a consensus top five player in the 2015 class. He moved to Memphis, Tennessee from his home country after an earthquake disaster in January 2010. Labissière and Briscoe committed on the same night, minutes apart, on ESPNU. Labissière chose Kentucky over Memphis. Calipari has likened Labissière to former Wildcats Anthony Davis and Nerlens Noel. Charles Matthews, originally from Chicago, Illinois, was the first commitment in the 2015 signing class on February 26,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15284699", "chunk_text": "\"Eubank, Kentucky\"\nand 32.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 52.9% of those under age 18 and 17.5% of those age 65 or over. Eubank, Kentucky Eubank is a home rule-class city in Lincoln and Pulaski counties in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The population was 319 at the 2010 census. The Pulaski County portion of Eubank is part of the Somerset Micropolitan Statistical Area, while the Lincoln County portion is part of the Danville Micropolitan Statistical Area. Eubank is the current home of former Detroit Tigers outfielder Josh Anderson and Miss America 1944 Venus Ramey. The town was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10355692", "chunk_text": "\"Cotton Nash\"\nCotton Nash Charles Francis \"\"Cotton\"\" Nash (born July 24, 1942) is a former Major League Baseball outfielder and National Basketball Association forward. Born in Jersey City, New Jersey, Nash played for the Los Angeles Lakers and the San Francisco Warriors during the 1964–65 NBA season. He had his most success in the American Basketball Association with the Kentucky Colonels, averaging 8.5 points per game, 4.9 rebounds per game, and 1.2 assists per game. He had already played in the state of Kentucky with Adolph Rupp's legendary University of Kentucky Wildcats basketball team, as well as the University's baseball team. Nash", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9065640", "chunk_text": "\"P. J. Washington\"\nP. J. Washington Paul Jamaine \"\"P. J.\"\" Washington Jr. (born August 23, 1998) is an American college basketball player for the Kentucky Wildcats of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Washington is the son of Sherry and Paul Washington Sr. He has two brothers Tyler and Spencer, and one sister Alexandria. Both of his parents played basketball at Middle Tennessee State. He wears number 25 because his father wore 25 in college. Washington is considered as one of the best players in the 2017 recruiting class by Scout.com, Rivals.com and ESPN. On November 10, 2016 he committed to the Kentucky Wildcats, on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15320068", "chunk_text": "\"Jodie Meeks\"\nagainst Tennessee State University. Meeks and teammate Patrick Patterson are among UK's more productive pairs of teammates since the days of Dan Issel and Mike Pratt in the early 1970s. On January 13, 2009, Meeks broke Kentucky's single-game scoring record (formerly held by Dan Issel) by scoring 54 points in a 90–72 win against rival Tennessee. In that game he also broke Tony Delk's single-game record, which he had shared, for three pointers by making 10 of 15 attempts and was 14 of 14 from the free throw line. On February 11, 2009, Meeks made the game-winning three point shot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17406966", "chunk_text": "\"The Shane Twins\"\nThe Shane Twins The Shane Twins (born December 21, 1967) are a professional wrestling tag team that consist of twin brothers Mike and Todd Shane. They were best known for their appearances in World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) as Gymini. After being trained at the Malenko School of Wrestling in Tampa, Florida, The Shane Twins debuted in the Florida based IPW Hardcore Wrestling in 1998 managed by Sir Ronald J. Niemi IV. They were originally known as \"\"Biff Wentworth\"\" (Mike) and \"\"Chaz Wentworth\"\" (Todd), collectively known as \"\"The Wentworth Twins\"\" or as \"\"Phi De Kappa U\"\". The Shane Twins held the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17232236", "chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats\"\nof 6/26/17.\"\" Kentucky Wildcats The Kentucky Wildcats are the men's and women's intercollegiate athletic squads of the University of Kentucky (UK), a founding member of the Southeastern Conference. Historically, the women's teams and athletes were referred to as the \"\"Lady Kats\"\", but all athletic squads adopted the \"\"Wildcats\"\" nickname in 1995. Collectively, the fans of the Kentucky Wildcats are often referred to as the Big Blue Nation. The nickname \"\"Wildcats\"\" became synonymous with UK shortly after a 6–2 football road victory over Illinois on October 9, 1909. Commandant Philip W. Corbusier, then head of the military department at old State", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "607768", "chunk_text": "\"Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball\"\nrecord. In the press conference following the loss to Robert Morris, Calipari stated that his 2013–14 team would be a \"\"tough, hard-nosed, fighting team.\"\" Noel and Goodwin both entered the NBA draft and were both taken in the first round at 6th and 29th, respectively. Ryan Harrow transferred to Georgia State to be closer to his father that had suffered from a stroke, and Kyle Wiltjer transferred to Gonzaga. Kentucky brought in the No. 1 recruiting class, featuring a record six McDonald's All-Americans in Julius Randle, Andrew Harrison, Aaron Harrison, James Young, Dakari Johnson, and Marcus Lee, as well as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17745618", "chunk_text": "\"Jim Line\"\nJim Line James R. Line (January 19, 1926 – January 24, 2013) was an American basketball player. He was an All-American at the University of Kentucky and a key player on two NCAA championship teams. Line, a 6'2\"\" guard/forward from North High School in Akron, Ohio, played for Adolph Rupp at Kentucky from 1946 to 1950. Line was on some of the best Kentucky teams of all time, as the Wildcats went 127–13 in his four years. He started at forward on Kentucky's 1947–48 championship team and played a significant role off of the bench for the 1948–49 team. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6548197", "chunk_text": "\"Jonathan Papelbon\"\ntime as the Deputy Director of the Ted Williams Museum and Hitters Hall of Fame in St. Petersburg, Florida. Jonathan is the older brother of twins Josh Papelbon, former pitcher for the Brockton Rox, and Jeremy Papelbon, former pitcher for the Tennessee Smokies, the double-A affiliate of the Chicago Cubs. Papelbon was a three-time All-City honoree while playing in high school for Bishop Kenny High School in Jacksonville, Florida. He was primarily a first baseman in high school, but he also pitched when needed, throwing two no-hitters as a senior. Early in his senior year, he committed to play college", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19881752", "chunk_text": "\"Kym Hampton\"\nHampton. Kym attributes her athletic ability to her father's side of the family and her uncle, Charlie Hampton, was a Central High School standout. Kym also shares the honor of joining her uncle in being selected on the prestigious Kentucky All-Star team. Kym attended Iroquois High School in Louisville, Kentucky. She joined the basketball team during her freshman year in 1976, at the urging of the head coach Marshall Abstain. Hampton ultimately scored 1,198 career points, averaging 23.5 points per game and 728 rebounds, averaging 14 per game. Kym was the starting center on both Kentucky All-Star and Kentucky East/West", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8391438", "chunk_text": "\"Aaron Harrison\"\nhis brother both announced via Twitter that they would return to play their sophomore years at the University of Kentucky, instead of entering the 2014 NBA draft. Prior to the start of the 2014–15 season, Harrison was named the preseason SEC Player of the Year. On April 9, 2015, Harrison declared for the NBA draft, forgoing his final two years of college eligibility. He was joined alongside his twin brother Andrew and fellow Kentucky teammates Karl-Anthony Towns, Willie Cauley-Stein, Trey Lyles, Devin Booker, and Dakari Johnson. After going undrafted in the 2015 NBA draft, Harrison joined the Charlotte Hornets for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3362	when did frank sinatra first sing new york new york?	n/a	[ "1980", "1979" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8261094", "chunk_text": "\"Sinatra: New York\"\nSinatra: New York Sinatra: New York is a 2009 box set album of live performances by the American singer Frank Sinatra, recorded in New York City. New York, both at the Carnegie Hall, and at Madison Square Garden. The first disc captures two live performances from 1955 and 1963, disc two and three are from the Carnegie Hall and from Madison Square Garden in 1974. The final two discs are from the 1980s, with disc five a previously unreleased DVD of a June 25, 1980 performance at the Carnegie Hall. Manhattan Center, February 3, 1955 With Tommy Dorsey Piano: Skitch", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1639891", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nSinatra's vehicle, possessing an \"\"unassailable command over the other performers\"\". Sinatra would fly to Las Vegas from Los Angeles in Van Heusen's single-engine plane. On October 4, 1953, Sinatra made his first performance at the Sands Hotel and Casino, after an invitation by the manager Jack Entratter, who had previously worked at the Copa in New York. Sinatra typically performed there three times a year, and later acquired a share in the hotel. Sinatra's decline in popularity was evident at his concert appearances. At a brief run at the Paramount in New York he drew small audiences. At the Desert", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3226162", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nColumbia to pay his back taxes after MCA refused to front the money. Rejected by Hollywood, he turned to Las Vegas and made his debut at the Desert Inn in September 1951, and also began singing at the Riverside Hotel in Reno, Nevada. Sinatra became one of Las Vegas's pioneer residency entertainers, and a prominent figure on the Vegas scene throughout the 1950s and 1960s onwards, a period described by Rojek as the \"\"high-water mark\"\" of Sinatra's \"\"hedonism and self absorption\"\". Rojek notes that the Rat Pack \"\"provided an outlet for gregarious banter and wisecracks\"\", but argues that it was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1639884", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\na whole new audience for popular music, which had been recorded mainly for adults up to that time. The phenomenon became officially known as \"\"Sinatramania\"\" after his \"\"legendary opening\"\" at the Paramount Theatre in New York on December 30, 1942. According to Nancy Sinatra, Jack Benny later said, \"\"I thought the goddamned building was going to cave in. I never heard such a commotion ... All this for a fellow I never heard of.\"\" Sinatra performed for four weeks at the theatre, his act following the Benny Goodman orchestra, after which his contract was renewed for another four weeks by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14578790", "chunk_text": "\"Early life of Frank Sinatra\"\nEarly life of Frank Sinatra Francis Albert \"\"Frank\"\" Sinatra was born in Hoboken, New Jersey, on December 12, 1915. He grew up in a tenement with his parents, who had emigrated from Italy. Francis Albert Sinatra was born on December 12, 1915, in an upstairs tenement at 415 Monroe Street in Hoboken, New Jersey, the only child of Italian immigrants Natalina \"\"Dolly\"\" Garaventa and Antonino Martino \"\"Marty\"\" Sinatra. The couple had eloped on Valentine's Day, 1913, and were married at the city hall in Jersey City, New Jersey; they later got remarried in a church. Sinatra weighed at birth and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10147045", "chunk_text": "\"Theme from New York, New York\"\nhelluva town / The Bronx is up and the Battery's down...\"\" Composers Kander and Ebb stated on the A&E \"\"Biography\"\" episode about Liza Minnelli, that they attribute the song's success to actor Robert De Niro, who rejected their original theme for the film because he thought it was \"\"too weak\"\". The song did not become a popular hit until it was picked up in concert by Frank Sinatra during his performances at Radio City Music Hall in October 1978. (It was not even nominated for the Academy Award for 'Best Song'). Subsequently, Sinatra recorded it in 1979 for his 1980", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10147043", "chunk_text": "\"Theme from New York, New York\"\nTheme from New York, New York \"\"Theme from \"\"New York, New York\"\"\"\" (or \"\"New York, New York\"\") is the theme song from the Martin Scorsese film \"\"New York, New York\"\" (1977), composed by John Kander, with lyrics by Fred Ebb. It was written for and performed in the film by Liza Minnelli. It remains one of the best-known songs about New York City. In 2004 it finished #31 on AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs survey of top tunes in American Cinema. In 1979, \"\"Theme from \"\"New York, New York\"\"\"\" was re-recorded by Frank Sinatra for his album \"\"\"\" (1980), and has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17695926", "chunk_text": "\"Anthony Martin Sinatra\"\nAnthony Martin Sinatra Anthony Martin Sinatra (born Saverio Antonino Martino Sinatra; May 4, 1892 – January 24, 1969) was an Italian-American Hoboken city fireman, professional boxer, bar owner, and father of singer and actor Frank Sinatra. On December 21, 1903, he emigrated to New York City from Palermo, Sicily, on the SS \"\"Città di Milano\"\" with his mother Rosa Saglimbeni Sinatra and his sisters Angela and Dorotea, as well as his brother. His father Francesco, born in Lercara Friddi, was already in the city working in a pencil factory earning eleven dollars a week, and his mother went on to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15334376", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra's recorded legacy\"\n(July 28, 1956). This same album is also the only album to chart among the UK top twenty singles, peaking at #12 on June 15, 1956. In 1959, the album \"\"Come Dance with Me!\"\" also entered the UK singles chart peaking at #30 the same week it would start a 30-week run on the album chart, going as high as #2. From his first released single in 1940 — as the singer with Tommy Dorsey's band — to the 1980 release of \"\"Theme from New York, New York\"\", Frank Sinatra had 209 hits on \"\"Billboard\"\"'s pop singles charts. Of those,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8261096", "chunk_text": "\"Sinatra: New York\"\nGene Cherico * Drums: Irv Cottler * Trumpet: Charles Turner Sinatra: New York Sinatra: New York is a 2009 box set album of live performances by the American singer Frank Sinatra, recorded in New York City. New York, both at the Carnegie Hall, and at Madison Square Garden. The first disc captures two live performances from 1955 and 1963, disc two and three are from the Carnegie Hall and from Madison Square Garden in 1974. The final two discs are from the 1980s, with disc five a previously unreleased DVD of a June 25, 1980 performance at the Carnegie Hall.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11861210", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nyear he also made his first solo nightclub appearance at New York's Riobamba, and a successful concert in the Wedgewood Room of the prestigious Waldorf-Astoria New York that year secured his popularity in New York high society. Sinatra released \"\"You'll Never Know\"\", \"\"Close to You\"\", \"\"Sunday, Monday, or Always\"\" and \"\"People Will Say We're in Love\"\" as singles. By the end of 1943 he was more popular in a \"\"Down Beat\"\" poll than Bing Crosby, Perry Como, Bob Eberly, and Dick Haymes. Sinatra did not serve in the military during World War II. On December 11, 1943, he was officially", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15681897", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nwas a riveter at the Tietjen and Lang shipyard. He performed in local Hoboken social clubs such as The Cat's Meow and The Comedy Club, and sang for free on radio stations such as WAAT in Jersey City. In New York, Sinatra found jobs singing for his supper or for cigarettes. To improve his speech, he began taking elocution lessons for a dollar each from vocal coach John Quinlan, who was one of the first people to notice his impressive vocal range. Sinatra began singing professionally as a teenager, but he learned music by ear and never learned to read", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2405352", "chunk_text": "\"Early life of Frank Sinatra\"\nyears his junior, because she was pregnant. Della Penta went to the police, and Sinatra was arrested on a morals charge for seduction. After a fight between Della Penta and Dolly, Della Penta was later arrested herself. Sinatra married Barbato that year, and Nancy Sinatra was born the following year. Early life of Frank Sinatra Francis Albert \"\"Frank\"\" Sinatra was born in Hoboken, New Jersey, on December 12, 1915. He grew up in a tenement with his parents, who had emigrated from Italy. Francis Albert Sinatra was born on December 12, 1915, in an upstairs tenement at 415 Monroe Street", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "946465", "chunk_text": "\"New York, New York (1977 film)\"\nthey get together for dinner. Francine is tempted, heads toward the stage door exit, but at the last moment changes her mind. Jimmy, waiting on the sidewalk, realizes he has been stood up and heads off down the street, accompanied by the song he has written—the \"\"Theme from \"\"New York, New York\"\". The theme song of the film, \"\"Theme from \"\"New York, New York\"\", found its own success when Frank Sinatra recorded a cover version of it in 1980. The song became a hit, and both Sinatra's and Minnelli's versions have become closely associated with Manhattan in New York City.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1639878", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nreplace Jack Leonard as the lead singer of the Tommy Dorsey band. Sinatra signed a contract with Dorsey for $125 a week at Palmer House in Chicago, and James agreed amicably to release Sinatra from his contract. On January 26, 1940, he made his first public appearance with the band at the Coronado Theatre in Rockford, Illinois, opening the show with \"\"Stardust\"\". Dorsey recalled: \"\"You could almost feel the excitement coming up out of the crowds when the kid stood up to sing. Remember, he was no matinée idol. He was just a skinny kid with big ears. I used", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14578803", "chunk_text": "\"Early life of Frank Sinatra\"\nas a riveter at the Tietjen and Lang shipyard. She was also responsible for his job at the Union Club at 600 Hudson Street in Hoboken, run by Joseph Samperi, where he was paid $40 a week for five weeks. He performed in local Hoboken social clubs such as The Cat's Meow and The Comedy Club, and sang for free on radio stations such as WAAT in Jersey City. In New York he found jobs singing for his supper or for cigarettes. Sinatra began taking 45-minute elocution lessons for a dollar an hour under New York-based vocal coach John Quinlan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11937580", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra filmography\"\nFrank Sinatra filmography Frank Sinatra (1915–1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century. Over the course of his acting career he created a body of work that one biographer described as being \"\"as varied, impressive and rewarding as that of any other Hollywood star\"\". Sinatra began his career as a singer, initially in his native Hoboken, New Jersey, but increasing success led to a contract to perform on stage and radio across the United States. One of his earliest film roles was in the 1935", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15681900", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nroadhouse called \"\"The Rustic Cabin\"\" in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, for which he was paid $15 a week. The roadhouse was connected to the WNEW radio station in New York City, and he began performing with a group live during the \"\"Dance Parade\"\" show. Despite the low salary, Sinatra felt that this was the break he was looking for, and boasted to friends that he was going to \"\"become so big that no one could ever touch him\"\". In March 1939, saxophone player Frank Mane, who knew Sinatra from Jersey City radio station WAAT where both performed on live broadcasts,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10147046", "chunk_text": "\"Theme from New York, New York\"\n\"\"\"\" set (Reprise Records), and it became one of his signature songs. The single peaked at #32 in June 1980, becoming his final Top Forty charting hit. It was also an Adult Contemporary hit, reaching #10 in the US and #2 in Canada. The song made a minor showing in the UK (#59), however, recharted several years later and reached #4 in 1986. The song was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Performance, Male and Sinatra made two more studio recordings of the song in 1981 (for his NBC TV special \"\"The Man and His Music\"\") and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15681885", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nFrank Sinatra Francis Albert Sinatra (; December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century. He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150million records worldwide. Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian Americans, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey. Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the \"\"bobby soxers\"\". He", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15681898", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nmusic. He got his first break in 1935 when his mother persuaded a local singing group, the 3 Flashes, to let him join. Fred Tamburro, the group's baritone, stated that \"\"Frank hung around us like we were gods or something\"\", admitting that they only took him on board because he owned a car and could chauffeur the group around. Sinatra soon learned they were auditioning for the \"\"Major Bowes Amateur Hour\"\" show, and \"\"begged\"\" the group to let him in on the act. With Sinatra, the group became known as the Hoboken Four, and passed an audition from Edward Bowes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1639877", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nrelease. Thanks to his vocal training, Sinatra could now sing two tones higher, and developed a repertoire which included songs such as \"\"My Buddy\"\", \"\"Willow Weep for Me\"\", \"\"It's Funny to Everyone But Me\"\", \"\"Here Comes the Night\"\", \"\"On a Little Street in Singapore\"\", \"\"Ciribiribin\"\", and \"\"Every Day of My Life\"\". Sinatra became increasingly frustrated with the status of the Harry James band, feeling that he was not achieving the major success and acclaim he was looking for. His pianist and close friend Hank Sanicola persuaded him to stay with the group, but in November 1939 he left James to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7500674", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nat the time, Vinnie Falcone, and was based on an idea by Sonny Burke. The album garnered six Grammy nominations – winning for best liner notes – and peaked at number 17 on Billboard's album chart, and spawned yet another song that would become a signature tune, \"\"Theme from New York, New York\"\". That year, as part of the Concert of the Americas, he performed in the Maracana Stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, which broke records for the \"\"largest live paid audience ever recorded for a solo performer\"\". The following year, Sinatra built on the success of \"\"Trilogy\"\" with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10147054", "chunk_text": "\"New York, New York (On the Town)\"\nNew York, New York (On the Town) \"\"New York, New York\"\" is a song from the 1944 musical \"\"On the Town\"\" and the 1949 MGM musical film of the same name. The music was written by Leonard Bernstein and the lyrics by Betty Comden and Adolph Green. A well known line of this song is, \"\"New York, New York, a helluva town. The Bronx is up but the Battery's down.\"\" For the film version, the word \"\"helluva\"\" was changed to \"\"wonderful\"\" to appease the Production Code offices. In 2004 the film version finished at #41 in AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11861192", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\n\"\"Nice 'n' Easy\"\" (1960). Sinatra left Capitol in 1960 to start his own record label, Reprise Records, and released a string of successful albums. In 1965, he recorded the retrospective \"\"September of My Years\"\" and starred in the Emmy-winning television special \"\"\"\". After releasing \"\"Sinatra at the Sands\"\", recorded at the Sands Hotel and Casino in Vegas with frequent collaborator Count Basie in early 1966, the following year he recorded one of his most famous collaborations with Tom Jobim, the album \"\"Francis Albert Sinatra & Antonio Carlos Jobim\"\". It was followed by 1968's \"\"Francis A. & Edward K.\"\" with Duke", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8544688", "chunk_text": "\"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\"\nThe Voice of Frank Sinatra The Voice of Frank Sinatra is the first studio album by American singer Frank Sinatra, released on Columbia Records, catalogue C-112, March 4, 1946. It was first issued as a set of four 78 rpm records totaling eight songs, the individual discs having been previously released as singles, consisting of catalog #s 36762, 36919, 36921, and 37089. The album went to #1 on the fledgling Billboard chart. It stayed at the top for seven weeks in 1946, spending a total of eighteen weeks on the charts. The album chart consisted of just a Top Five", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "946461", "chunk_text": "\"New York, New York (1977 film)\"\nthe \"\"saxophonist's outrageously volatile personality places a continual strain on their relationship, and after they have a baby, their marriage crumbles\"\", even as their careers develop on separate paths. The film marked the final screen appearance of actor Jack Haley. The story opens on V-J Day in 1945. A massive celebration in a New York City nightclub is underway, music provided by the Tommy Dorsey Orchestra. While there, selfish and smooth-talking saxophone player Jimmy Doyle (De Niro) meets small-time USO singer Francine Evans (Minnelli), who, although lonely, still wants nothing to do with Jimmy, who keeps pestering her for her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11065422", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nand concerts\"\", in what authors Anthony Summers and Robbyn Swan describe as \"\"a new and brilliant phase\"\". On March 13, 1953, Sinatra met with Capitol Records vice president Alan Livingston and signed a seven-year recording contract. His first session for Capitol took place at KHJ studios at Studio C, 5515 Melrose Avenue in Los Angeles, with Axel Stordahl conducting. The session produced four recordings, including \"\"I'm Walking Behind You\"\", Sinatra's first Capitol single. After spending two weeks on location in Hawaii filming \"\"From Here to Eternity\"\", Sinatra returned to KHJ on April 30 for his first recording session with Nelson", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15681940", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nClaude François and Jacques Revaux. Sinatra recorded it just after Christmas 1968. \"\"My Way\"\", Sinatra's best-known song on the Reprise label, was not an instant success, charting at #27 in the US and #5 in the UK, but it remained in the UK charts for 122 weeks, including 75 non-consecutive weeks in the Top 40, between April 1969 and September 1971, which was still a record in 2015. Sinatra told songwriter Ervin Drake in the 1970s that he \"\"detested\"\" singing the song, because he believed audiences would think it was a \"\"self-aggrandizing tribute\"\", professing that he \"\"hated boastfulness in others\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6500143", "chunk_text": "\"New York, New York (On the Town)\"\nsurvey of top tunes in American cinema. It is not to be confused with the \"\"Theme from \"\"New York, New York\"\"\"\", originally performed by Liza Minnelli and later popularized by Frank Sinatra. The theme from \"\"New York, New York\"\" was referenced by John Williams for his celebratory \"\"For New York\"\", composed in 1988 for Bernstein's 70th birthday gala. The song was parodied as \"\"Springfield, Springfield\"\" in the 1993 episode \"\"Boy-Scoutz 'n the Hood\"\" of \"\"The Simpsons\"\". It was covered in a mash-up with \"\"I Love New York\"\" on the \"\"Glee\"\" episode \"\"New York\"\". In the Tim Burton film \"\"Sleepy Hollow\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18382832", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra Jr.\"\nin 1976, \"\"Over the Land\"\". It evokes the memory of the nation's flag and the nation's experiences with the flag since the War of 1812. Starting in 1988, at his father's request, Sinatra placed his career on hold in order to act as his father's musical director and conductor. Poet/vocalist Rod McKuen said: In 1989, Sinatra sang \"\"Wedding Vows in Vegas\"\" on the Was (Not Was) album, \"\"What Up, Dog?\"\", and performed the song live with the band on \"\"Late Night with David Letterman\"\" on March 23, 1989. During the 1995–1996 television season, Sinatra was offered the role of Vic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15681899", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nto appear on the \"\"Major Bowes Amateur Hour\"\" show. They each earned $12.50 for the appearance, and ended up attracting 40,000 votes and won first prize—a six-month contract to perform on stage and radio across the United States. Sinatra quickly became the group's lead singer, and, much to the jealousy of his fellow group members, garnered most of the attention from girls. Due to the success of the group, Bowes kept asking for them to return, disguised under different names, varying from \"\"The Seacaucus Cockamamies\"\" to \"\"The Bayonne Bacalas\"\". In 1938, Sinatra found employment as a singing waiter at a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11065412", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nbeing heavily involved in political activity in 1945 and 1946, in those two years Sinatra sang on 160 radio shows, recorded 36 times, and shot four films. By 1946 he was performing on stage up to 45 times a week, singing up to 100 songs daily, and earning up to $93,000 a week. In 1946 Sinatra released \"\"Oh! What it Seemed to Be\"\", \"\"Day by Day\"\", \"\"They Say It's Wonderful\"\", \"\"Five Minutes More\"\", and \"\"The Coffee Song\"\" as singles, and launched his first album, \"\"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\"\", which reached No. 1 on the Billboard chart. William Ruhlmann of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1997658", "chunk_text": "\"Kander and Ebb\"\nKander and Ebb Kander and Ebb were a highly successful American songwriting team consisting of composer John Kander (born March 18, 1927) and lyricist Fred Ebb (April 8, 1928 – September 11, 2004). Known primarily for their stage musicals, which include \"\"Cabaret\"\" and \"\"Chicago\"\", Kander and Ebb also scored several movies, including Martin Scorsese's \"\"New York, New York\"\". Their most famous song is the theme song of that movie. Recorded by many artists, \"\"New York, New York\"\" became a signature song for Frank Sinatra. The team also became associated with two actresses, Liza Minnelli and Chita Rivera, for whom they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10147053", "chunk_text": "\"Theme from New York, New York\"\n(2005), the song is introduced in Central Park Zoo, and Marty later sings the song in the midst of Alex the Lion's delirium. In 2013, the song was played at the funeral of former New York City Mayor Ed Koch. Theme from New York, New York \"\"Theme from \"\"New York, New York\"\"\"\" (or \"\"New York, New York\"\") is the theme song from the Martin Scorsese film \"\"New York, New York\"\" (1977), composed by John Kander, with lyrics by Fred Ebb. It was written for and performed in the film by Liza Minnelli. It remains one of the best-known songs about", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15681892", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nAward. He was collectively included in Time magazine's compilation After his death, American music critic Robert Christgau called him \"\"the greatest singer of the 20th century\"\", and he continues to be seen as an iconic figure. Francis Albert Sinatra was born on December 12, 1915, in an upstairs tenement at 415 Monroe Street in Hoboken, New Jersey. He was the only child of Italians Natalina \"\"Dolly\"\" Garaventa and Antonino Martino \"\"Marty\"\" Sinatra. Sinatra weighed at birth and had to be with the aid of forceps, which caused severe scarring to his left cheek, neck, and ear, and perforated his eardrum,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15681886", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nreleased his debut album, \"\"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\"\", in 1946. Sinatra's professional career had stalled by the early 1950s, and he turned to Las Vegas, where he became one of its best known residency performers as part of the Rat Pack. His career was reborn in 1953 with the success of \"\"From Here to Eternity\"\", with his performance subsequently winning an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor. Sinatra released several critically lauded albums, including \"\"In the Wee Small Hours\"\" (1955), \"\"Songs for Swingin' Lovers!\"\" (1956), \"\"Come Fly with Me\"\" (1958), \"\"Only the Lonely\"\" (1958) and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10147044", "chunk_text": "\"Theme from New York, New York\"\nsince become closely associated with him. He occasionally performed it live with Minnelli as a duet. Sinatra recorded it a second time for his 1993 album \"\"Duets\"\", with Tony Bennett. The first line of the song is: Within are two similar lines: The song concludes with the line: Minnelli's original recording of the song (also used in the Tony Bennett version in \"\"Duets\"\") uses the following closing line: It should not be confused with the song \"\"New York, New York\"\", from Leonard Bernstein/Adolph Green/Betty Comden's musical \"\"On the Town\"\" (1944), which features the lyric \"\"New York, New York, it’s a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11861282", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nHit Parade\"\"; his first was from 1943 to 1945, and second was from 1946 to May 28, 1949, during which he was paired with the then-new girl singer, Doris Day. Starting in September 1949, the BBD&O advertising agency produced a radio series starring Sinatra for Lucky Strike called \"\"Light Up Time\"\" – some 176 15-minute shows which featured Frank and Dorothy Kirsten singing – which lasted through to May 1950. In October 1951, the second season of \"\"The Frank Sinatra Show\"\" began on CBS Television. Ultimately, Sinatra did not find the success on television for which he had hoped. Santopietro", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10365483", "chunk_text": "\"Autumn in New York (song)\"\nby Frank Sinatra which reached No. 27 in 1949. Jazz versions have been performed by Charlie Parker, Billie Holiday, Bing Crosby, Stan Kenton, Sarah Vaughan, Sheila Jordan and Salvador Sobral. A duet of the song was also recorded by Louis Armstrong and Ella Fitzgerald as well as Jo Stafford. Among the instrumental performances of the tune is a legendary version by guitarist Tal Farlow. Autumn in New York (song) \"\"Autumn in New York\"\" is a jazz standard composed by Vernon Duke in Westport, Connecticut in the summer of 1934. It was written without a commission or for a specific show,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9584460", "chunk_text": "\"Harry Smith Recording\"\nHarry Smith Recording Harry Smith Recording was the first independent recording studio on the east coast of the United States, founded in the 1930s by Harry Smith, a former recording engineer for Brunswick Records. The studio was located at 2 West 46th Street in New York City, and was taken over in 1944 by Fred Hall and Chuck Phillips. Frank Sinatra made his first recording at Harry Smith Recording, an unreleased version of the song, \"\"Our Love\"\". The studio ran a recording service for radio personalities, radio stations, and radio performers who wanted to record their live radio performances. This", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7560916", "chunk_text": "\"Christmas in New York\"\nChristmas in New York \"\"Christmas in New York\"\" is a Christmas song written by Billy Butt at the piano at the Church of Sweden in New York during the 1970s (1979). It was recorded by John Wesley Shipp and released as a single in 1982, with \"\"The Christmas Song\"\" acting as a B-side. The English-language version was original performed annual between 1986 and 2002 by The Rockettes during the \"\"Radio City Christmas Spectacular\"\" in New York City. Lyrical, the song describes New York City at Christmastime. It has also been recorded by Loa Falkman, as \"\"It's Christmas in New York\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2215509", "chunk_text": "\"New York (U2 song)\"\nI sometimes think of Frank Sinatra / I met him once / He was more than generous / At dinner one evening he found a blue paper napkin ... and he stared at it and said to no one in particular, I remember when my eyes were this blue.\"\" Which is how the song ended. ... But I took out that scene because I didn't want people to think the song was autobiographical—you know, I did that song with him and everything (on Duets).\"\" U2 has played the song \"\"New York\"\" live 120 times. The song debuted on 19 October", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17271901", "chunk_text": "\"The New Yorkers\"\nalcoholic drink, murder Feet McGeehan and assist with the gangland wedding of Al and Alice, while offering tributes to money, wood, and \"\"The Hot Patata\"\". Jokes and songs about alcohol, and how far people will go to get it, such as \"\"Drinking Song\"\" and \"\"Say It With Gin\"\", reflect the musical's origin from the Prohibition period. \"\"Music and lyrics by Cole Porter except as noted\"\" Act 1 Act 2 \"\"The New Yorkers\"\" began pre-Broadway tryouts at the Chestnut Street Opera House, Philadelphia, on November 10, 1930 and then moved to the Shubert Theatre, Newark on November 24, 1930. The musical", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15681941", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nIn an effort to maintain his commercial viability in the late 1960s, Sinatra would record works by Paul Simon (\"\"Mrs. Robinson\"\"), the Beatles (\"\"Yesterday\"\"), and Joni Mitchell (\"\"Both Sides, Now\"\") in 1969. In 1970, Sinatra released \"\"Watertown\"\", a critically acclaimed concept album, with music by Bob Gaudio (of the Four Seasons) and lyrics by Jake Holmes. However, it sold a mere 30,000 copies that year and reached a peak chart position of 101. He left Caesars Palace in September that year after an incident where executive Sanford Waterman pulled a gun on him. He performed several charity concerts with Count", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "947242", "chunk_text": "\"New York City (John Lennon and Yoko Ono song)\"\nNew York City (John Lennon and Yoko Ono song) \"\"New York City\"\" is a song written by John Lennon that was first released on Lennon's and Yoko Ono's 1972 album \"\" Some Time in New York City\"\". \"\"New York City\"\" was inspired by Lennon's move to New York City and by the people he met in the city. He began writing the song soon after moving there in 1971, and a few weeks after his move he had completed the first verse, although the rest of the song was only a sketch. An early version was used in Lennon's and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6450039", "chunk_text": "\"Irving Berlin\"\nIrving Berlin Irving Berlin (born Israel Beilin () – September 22, 1989) was an American composer and lyricist, widely considered one of the greatest songwriters in American history. His music forms a great part of the Great American Songbook. Born in Imperial Russia, Berlin arrived in the United States at the age of five. He published his first song, \"\"Marie from Sunny Italy\"\", in 1907, receiving 33 cents for the publishing rights, and had his first major international hit, \"\"Alexander's Ragtime Band\"\" in 1911. He also was an owner of the Music Box Theatre on Broadway. It is commonly believed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7500627", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\narranged for him to audition and record \"\"Our Love\"\", his first solo studio recording. In June, bandleader Harry James, who had heard Sinatra sing on \"\"Dance Parade\"\", signed a two-year contract of $75 a week one evening after a show at the Paramount Theatre in New York. It was with the James band that Sinatra released his first commercial record \"\"From the Bottom of My Heart\"\" in July. No more than 8,000 copies of the record were sold, and further records released with James through 1939, such as \"\"All or Nothing At All\"\", also had weak sales on their initial", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15681896", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nidolized Bing Crosby. Sinatra's maternal uncle, Domenico, gave him a ukulele for his 15th birthday, and he began performing at family gatherings. Sinatra attended David E. Rue Jr. High School from 1928, and A. J. Demarest High School in 1931, where he arranged bands for school dances. He left without graduating, having attended only 47 days before being expelled for \"\"general rowdiness\"\". To please his mother, he enrolled at Drake Business School, but departed after 11 months. Dolly found Sinatra work as a delivery boy at the \"\"Jersey Observer\"\" newspaper, where his godfather Frank Garrick worked, and after that, Sinatra", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11065401", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Sinatra\"\nband was on the road, but professional jealousy surfaced as both men wanted to be considered the star of Dorsey's band. Later, Sinatra helped Rich form his own band with a $25,000 loan and provided financial help to Rich during times of the drummer's serious illness. In his first year with Dorsey, Sinatra recorded over forty songs. Sinatra's first vocal hit was the song \"\"Polka Dots and Moonbeams\"\" in late April 1940. Two more chart appearances followed with \"\"Say It\"\" and \"\"Imagination\"\", which was Sinatra's first top-10 hit. His fourth chart appearance was \"\"I'll Never Smile Again\"\", topping the charts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3363	who is the first wife on sister wives?	n/a	[ "Meri" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318428", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\ngreat story. Camera crews shot footage of the family in mid-2010 to be used in the first season, ending in May with the marriage of Kody Brown and Robyn Sullivan. The crews continued to film them afterward in case the series was picked up for a second season. \"\"Sister Wives\"\" was publicly introduced on August 6, 2010, at the Television Critics Association summer media tour in Beverly Hills, California. The series' first episode, an hour long, was broadcast on TLC on September 26, 2010, and the first season continued with six half-hour chapters until October 17, 2010. The broadcast of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318430", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nCarolyn Jessop, a woman who fled from a polygamist sect. In October 2010, TLC announced it had commissioned a second season, which began in March 2011. A TLC interview with the Brown family was broadcast on October 31, 2010, and a one-hour program featuring the honeymoon of Kody Brown and Robyn Sullivan aired on November 22, 2010. The nine-episode first season ran from September 26 to November 21, 2010. The season premiere introduced viewers to Kody Brown and his three wives, Meri, Janelle, and Christine, and their twelve children, all of whom lived in a ranch-style home with three interconnected", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318425", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nRobyn Sullivan, in 2010. Sullivan was the first new wife to enter the family in 16 years. The only legal marriage was between Kody and his first wife Meri until their legal divorce in September 2014. (He legally married fourth wife Robyn in December 2014 in order to legally adopt her three children). The other marriages are considered spiritual unions. As of 2018, Kody has been married to Meri for 28 years, Janelle for 25 years, Christine for 24 years, and Robyn for 8 years. Kody and Meri have a daughter named Mariah, their only child. Kody and Janelle have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318424", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nhis polygamist arrangement is legal because he is legally married only to one woman, and the other marriages are spiritual unions. The series led to the Brown family being investigated for possible prosecution. This resulted in a federal judge declaring Utah laws that guard against polygamy to be unconstitutional; citing that state may still outlaw plural marriages, but it cannot prohibit polygamous cohabitation. The show follows the lives of advertising salesman Kody Brown, his wives Meri, Janelle, Christine, and Robyn, and their 18 children. In the first season the show televised Brown's courting of and marriage to his fourth wife,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318423", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nSister Wives Sister Wives is an American reality television series broadcast on TLC that premiered on September 26, 2010. The show documents the life of a polygamist family, which includes patriarch Kody Brown, his four wives, and their 18 children. The family began the series living in Lehi, Utah, but has since moved to Las Vegas, Nevada in 2011, and the unincorporated township of Baderville, Arizona, (northwest of Flagstaff, Arizona) in mid-2018. Brown and his four wives have stated they participated in the show to make the public more aware of polygamist families and to combat societal prejudices. Brown believes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318453", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nadditional associated crimes (e.g., welfare fraud or marriage of underage persons), the Browns had no credible fear of future prosecution and thus lacked standing. Sister Wives Sister Wives is an American reality television series broadcast on TLC that premiered on September 26, 2010. The show documents the life of a polygamist family, which includes patriarch Kody Brown, his four wives, and their 18 children. The family began the series living in Lehi, Utah, but has since moved to Las Vegas, Nevada in 2011, and the unincorporated township of Baderville, Arizona, (northwest of Flagstaff, Arizona) in mid-2018. Brown and his four", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318426", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nsix children: daughters Madison and Savanah and sons Logan, Hunter, Garrison, and Gabriel. Kody and Christine have six children: daughters Aspyn, Mykelti, Gwendlyn, Ysabel, and and son Paedon. Robyn had three children from her first marriage, which was monogamous: Dayton, Aurora, and Breanna. Kody legally adopted them in June 2015. Kody and Robyn have two children: son Solomon and daughter Ariella. The family has one grandchild, Axel, from Kody and Janelle's daughter, Madison. Meri, Robyn, and Christine were all raised in polygamist families, but Janelle was not. Although Christine's mother left the faith she still supports them. Months before the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318432", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nthe jealousy that has arisen from Kody's engagement to Robyn. Kody proposes in vitro fertilisation, but she turns down the idea as she is only interested in a naturally occurring conception. As Robyn's wedding approaches, the three sister wives help Robyn prepare, and they begin to bond. However, Kody upsets his wives when he reveals he secretly chose Robyn's wedding dress himself, which makes Christine feel so betrayed that she angrily walks away in mid-interview. Kody eventually apologizes, and the five reconcile. The first-season finale ends with the wedding of Kody and Robyn, where Meri, Janelle, and Christine present her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318445", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nasking lawmakers to vote against House Bill 99. Robyn did not participate in the march. \"\"Sister Wives\"\" drew national media attention after its first season and garnered generally mixed reviews from critics. \"\"Washington Post\"\" staff writer Hank Stuever called it \"\"refreshingly frank\"\" and found most interesting the small details of the family's everyday life, such as the food supply, division of labor, and minor arguments. \"\"Los Angeles Times\"\" television critic Mary McNamara said she was intrigued by the matriarchal nature of the polygamist family, a unit that is traditionally considered patriarchal. McNamara said the wives form the center of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318431", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\napartments. It also chronicled Kody's dating and engagement to Robyn Sullivan, who herself has three children, marking the first time in 16 years Kody had courted another wife. The new relationship creates insecurity and jealousy among the other three wives, but they ultimately accept her and welcome her into the family. During the fourth episode of the season, Christine gives birth to her sixth child, , which brings the family to 16 children including Robyn's three kids. Later, Kody and Meri go to Mexico to celebrate their twentieth wedding anniversary, where Meri discussed her sadness about her infertility problems and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9613249", "chunk_text": "\"My Five Wives\"\nrenew the show after airing two seasons. My Five Wives My Five Wives is an American reality television series broadcast on TLC that began airing in 2013. The show documents the life of a polygamist family, which includes patriarch Brady Williams, his five wives, and their 25 children. The family began the series living in an undisclosed city outside of Salt Lake City, Utah, due to fear of prosecution for polygamy. Towns shown in the show are Payson, Spanish Fork and Provo. The five wives in order of marriage are: Paulie, Robyn, Rosemary, Nonie, and Rhonda. On February 4, 2015,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9613248", "chunk_text": "\"My Five Wives\"\nMy Five Wives My Five Wives is an American reality television series broadcast on TLC that began airing in 2013. The show documents the life of a polygamist family, which includes patriarch Brady Williams, his five wives, and their 25 children. The family began the series living in an undisclosed city outside of Salt Lake City, Utah, due to fear of prosecution for polygamy. Towns shown in the show are Payson, Spanish Fork and Provo. The five wives in order of marriage are: Paulie, Robyn, Rosemary, Nonie, and Rhonda. On February 4, 2015, the family announced that TLC would not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318442", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nother artists' designs and products. Christine's mother moves in with her in Las Vegas, and in episode four, the Browns allow two anthropologists to live with them for two days to see the inner workings of polygamy, an arrangement that could either put their lifestyle in a positive or negative light. Finally, after five years of mental deliberation, Meri files for legal divorce from Kody so Kody can adopt Robyn's three children from her previous marriage. By the end of the season, Meri and Kody maintained that they would continue their relationship. Episode one picks up with the Brown Family", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318444", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nbusiness. Maddie announces that she and Caleb are expecting a baby. On May 20, 2017, Maddie and Caleb had a baby boy, Axel. Meri purchases a bed and breakfast in Parowan, Utah called Lizzie's Heritage Inn. At first Kody is not on board, but eventually gives his approval as long as the funds for the purchase come from Meri's personal account and not the family. Mykelti marries Antonio \"\"Tony\"\" Padron. Mariah introduces her partner, Audrey, to the family after announcing last season that she is gay. Kody and his wives took part in the march on the Utah State Capitol", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2283207", "chunk_text": "\"Basketball Wives (season 1)\"\nWives\"\" debuted on April 11, 2010, with thirty-minute episodes. The first season followed the lives of Royce Reed former cheerleader of Orlando and Miami,Suzie Ketcham ex-girlfriend of Michael Olowokandi,Gloria Govan fiancee of Matt Barnes,Jennifer Williams wife of Eric Williams, Evelyn Lozada fiancee of Antoine Walker, and Shaunie O'Neal wife of Shaquille O'Neal.With Erika Moxxam joining the recurring cast. Basketball Wives (season 1) The first season of the reality television series \"\"Basketball Wives\"\" aired on VH1 from April 11, 2010 until June 20, 2010. The show was primarily filmed in Miami, Florida. It was executively produced by Nick Emmerson Alex Demyanenko,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318427", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nmarriage of Janelle and Kody, however, Janelle's mother entered into a polygamist marriage with Kody's father. The Brown family belonged to the Apostolic United Brethren (AUB). For years before the series, the family kept their polygamist lifestyle what they called a \"\"quasi-secret\"\". In the autumn of 2009, independent producers Timothy Gibbons and Christopher Poole approached Figure 8 Films, a North Carolinian company, with the concept of a reality series about the Brown family. Bill Hayes, the president of Figure 8 Films, said the company agreed to the idea after meeting with the Browns and deciding their lives would make a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2130793", "chunk_text": "\"First Wives Club (TV series)\"\nreevaluating their plans for a night of dramedy programming and that as such the series would instead premiere on Paramount Network's sister network BET. On June 3, 2016, it was announced that Alyson Hannigan and Megan Hilty had been cast as two of the three female leads in the series. Hannigan was cast as Maggie, similar to Diane Keaton's character in the film, who was described as an English professor in San Francisco who once had aspirations of being a poet. Stuck in a failing marriage, it is after her old college friend dies that she decides to make changes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15281664", "chunk_text": "\"The First Wives Club\"\nnarrator Annie) married his much younger mistress the day before. Cynthia's suicide is subsequently splashed all over the news. The surviving three former friends, shocked by the tragic event, all attend her funeral. After the funeral, the three friends reconnect over a long lunch to catch-up on their lives post-graduation. As it turns out, Cynthia's former friends aren't doing much better. Annie (Diane Keaton) is separated, suffering extreme self-esteem issues, and going through therapy with her husband. Brenda (Bette Midler) is divorced, left for a younger woman, depressed, and struggling financially. Elise (Goldie Hawn), whose husband also left her for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318448", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nother TLC series such as \"\"19 Kids and Counting\"\" and \"\"Kate Plus 8\"\". \"\"Religion Dispatches\"\" writer Joanna Brooks shared Tenety's perspective, criticizing the show for presenting polygamy in a manner that \"\"is about as interesting to me as Kate Gosselin's latest makeover.\"\" In this vein Brooks criticized the show for not engaging the theology of plural marriage and for letting Kody Brown's superficial comments about the dissimilarity of Fundamentalist and mainstream Mormonism pass onto the viewers without any critical scrutiny or added nuance. Shari Puterman, television columnist with the \"\"Asbury Park Press\"\", felt the sister wives had issues with jealousy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318441", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nto lip sync a song to celebrate, but it brings out some negative feelings for Janelle, who is not comfortable being so outgoing and admits to being embarrassed in public by the others' behavior. And a deeper issue of feeling like she's not heard bubbles to the surface and she sees a therapist to discuss that along with her challenging relationship with first wife Meri. On a business level, the family discusses whether to turn down investors' money and keep full ownership of Sisterwives' Closet and whether to keep the products all their own creations or branch out and resale", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5667116", "chunk_text": "\"Margene Heffman\"\noverseas, returning only for important family occasions. Margene Heffman Margene \"\"Margie\"\" Heffman is a character on \"\"Big Love\"\", the fictional HBO television series set among contemporary polygamists in Utah. The role is played by Ginnifer Goodwin. The show focuses on the family of Bill Henrickson; Margene is the third of Henrickson's three wives, and the mother of three of Henrickson's children: Aaron, Lester, and Nell. Margene is Bill Henrickson's third wife, and his youngest. She was raised by her single mother Ginger in a small town in Colorado, after her father left when she was 3. She later moved to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7731377", "chunk_text": "\"Margene Heffman\"\nMargene Heffman Margene \"\"Margie\"\" Heffman is a character on \"\"Big Love\"\", the fictional HBO television series set among contemporary polygamists in Utah. The role is played by Ginnifer Goodwin. The show focuses on the family of Bill Henrickson; Margene is the third of Henrickson's three wives, and the mother of three of Henrickson's children: Aaron, Lester, and Nell. Margene is Bill Henrickson's third wife, and his youngest. She was raised by her single mother Ginger in a small town in Colorado, after her father left when she was 3. She later moved to Salt Lake City with her mother, who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15281660", "chunk_text": "\"The First Wives Club\"\nThe First Wives Club The First Wives Club is a 1996 American comedy film based on the best-selling 1992 novel of the same name by Olivia Goldsmith. Narrated by Diane Keaton, it stars Keaton, Goldie Hawn, and Bette Midler as three divorced women who seek revenge on their ex-husbands who left them for younger women. Stephen Collins, Victor Garber and Dan Hedaya co-star as the husbands, and Sarah Jessica Parker, Marcia Gay Harden and Elizabeth Berkley as their lovers, with Maggie Smith, Bronson Pinchot and Stockard Channing also starring. Scott Rudin produced and Hugh Wilson directed; the film was distributed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318429", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\n\"\"Sister Wives\"\" came at a time that polygamy and multiple marriages were a prevalent topic in American pop culture. \"\"Big Love\"\", the hit HBO series about fictional Utah polygamist Bill Henrickson, his three sister wives, and their struggle to gain acceptance in society, had already been on the air for several years. In early September 2010, the drama series \"\"Lone Star\"\", about a con man on the verge of entering into multiple marriages, premiered on Fox but was quickly canceled after two episodes, and when \"\"Sister Wives\"\" debuted, actress Katherine Heigl was in the process of developing a film about", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318437", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nin the second half of Season 2. During these episodes the Browns also explore possible businesses that the five of them (Kody and the sister wives) can run together. Several episodes after the hiatus discuss specific topics such as jealousy among the sister wives, especially regarding courting a new wife, how the parents combat the influence of Las Vegas on their children, and how the Browns are preparing the older children for college. Mona Riekki is back in this season and is working with the family on finding a permanent home in Vegas. In the finale, Robyn gives birth to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5748203", "chunk_text": "\"Tami Roman\"\nshow \"\"The Real World\"\", titled \"\"\"\". During the season, she was the first to have an abortion on reality television. She married professional basketball player, Kenny Anderson, in 1994 and later divorced in 2001. Roman gained more fame as she appeared as the dealer on the 2001 revival of \"\"Card Sharks\"\", and on several other shows, including an episode of \"\"One on One\"\" (season 3, episode 4). In 2010, Roman became one of the main cast members in the VH1 reality series \"\"Basketball Wives\"\". She was then cast on the \"\"Basketball Wives\"\" spinoff \"\"Basketball Wives LA\"\", starting with the fourth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10475805", "chunk_text": "\"The First Wives Club\"\na younger woman, is now an aging alcoholic movie actress who has become a plastic-surgery addict to keep her career afloat. Shortly after Cynthia's funeral, at which the three remaining friends are reunited for the first time since college, Annie's husband, Aaron (Stephen Collins), leaves her for her younger therapist (Marcia Gay Harden) and asks her for a divorce after spending a night together (and leading Annie to believe it would reconcile them); Brenda has a rather unpleasant encounter at a clothing store with her ex, Morty (Dan Hedaya) and his younger and rather hateful mistress Shelly (Sarah Jessica Parker),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3960087", "chunk_text": "\"Barbara Henrickson\"\nBarbara Henrickson Barbara \"\"Barb\"\" Dutton Henrickson is a character on HBO's \"\"Big Love\"\" portrayed by Jeanne Tripplehorn. Barb is the first wife of Bill Henrickson. Barb was raised in a traditional Mormon family, outside polygamy. Bill and Barb met while in college, and married soon afterwards. Together, they had three children. Barb almost died of uterine cancer after the birth of Tancy \"\"Teeny\"\" Henrickson, the youngest of Barb's children, right before Bill married his second wife Nicolette \"\"Nicki\"\" Grant and later, his third wife Margene Heffman. Barb grew up in a traditional, non-polygamous LDS family. Her parents were Rockefeller Republicans,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8080903", "chunk_text": "\"First Wives Club (TV series)\"\nmarry who begins to question settling down once her friends reenter her life. In August 2018, it was announced that Michelle Buteau, Jill Scott, and Ryan Michelle Bathe had been cast in the lead roles of the second iteration of the series. On September 24, 2018, it was reported that Mark Tallman, RonReaco Lee, and Malik Yoba had been cast in the series' lead male roles. Principal photography for the series commenced on September 28, 2018, in New York City. Filming had concluded by the week of December 10, 2018. First Wives Club (TV series) First Wives Club is an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10475824", "chunk_text": "\"The First Wives Club\"\nBrad Oscar as Morty, Sara Chase as Trophy Wife, and Sam Harris as Duane. Lisa Stevens choreographed, with scenic design by Peter J. Davison and costumes by Paul Tazewell. On June 16, 2009, Lenox dropped out of the production due to health concerns and was replaced by Sheryl Lee Ralph. The production's tryout received mixed to negative reviews, but the production sold approximately 29,000 tickets in its 5-week run. The ticket demand was so strong early on that the show's run was extended an extra week prior to its opening night. Producers announced November 11, 2009, that Francesca Zambello withdrew", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8080902", "chunk_text": "\"First Wives Club (TV series)\"\nin her life. Hilty was cast as Kim, similar to Goldie Hawn's character in the film, who was described as previously successful who had \"\"aged out\"\" of Hollywood. She continues to keep herself in shape, acts in commercials, and hopes for her big break to come along. Divorced and living with her 8-year-old son, she is happy to have her old friends in her life again. Later that month, it was reported that Vanessa Lachey had been cast to round out the trio of main characters. She was cast as Sasha, a successful chef with a girlfriend she plans to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318443", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nafter the marriage anniversary/ spiritual celebration. The first episode talks about Kody and Janelles upcoming wedding anniversary, Kody’s Birthday and the Sister Wives Closet meeting with investors. The second episodes delves a little bit deeper into the Sister Wives closet VS. potential investors idea- tank is heavily focused on the “shark tank” like business the Brown’s are trying to pitch to investors. In the previous episode Meri dropped the bombshell to Robyn that she was going back to college. Robyn states that she was annoyed and felt betrayed because Meri was the only wife who was 100% devoted to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10475812", "chunk_text": "\"The First Wives Club\"\nthe first actress reported to have landed one of the starring roles, having previously worked with Rudin on the film \"\"Mrs. Soffel\"\" (only to later work with him again in \"\"Marvin's Room\"\"), followed by Bette Midler who had originally auditioned for the \"\"more glamorous role\"\" of Elise. Although Rudin originally intended to cast Jessica Lange in the latter role, the team decided to rewrite the character of the book in favour of a \"\"glitzier\"\" version which eventually went to eleventh-hour addition Goldie Hawn. Actor Mandy Patinkin dropped out shortly before shooting started and was replaced by Stephen Collins when he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318450", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\npolygamy is accepted by the mainstream church. Several commentators have taken notice of the fact that the family's religious convictions are downplayed in \"\"Sister Wives\"\". According to Nielsen Media Research, the September 26, 2010, one-hour premiere episode of \"\"Sister Wives\"\" drew 2.26 million viewers, a strong rating for the network. It marked the biggest series debut for TLC since \"\"Cake Boss\"\" launched in 2009 and was a stronger rating than any of the season premieres for HBO's \"\"Big Love\"\". The remaining episodes of the first season were each a half-hour long, with two broadcast together each Thursday. In the second", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318436", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nfor all of them to live together or four homes in one cul-de-sac. In the last episode before the hiatus, Robyn announces that she is expecting her and Kody's first child. The second part of Season 2 brings the announcement of the sex of Robyn and Kody's baby and the Browns' struggle to adjust to life in Las Vegas. The episodes following the Season 2 hiatus focus largely on Robyn's pregnancy and the kids' adjustment to their new lives. The abrupt move to Las Vegas brings about behavioral problems in some of the older kids, which is also discussed largely", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318433", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nwith a Claddagh ring to welcome her into the family. Season 2 ran 23 episodes from March 13, 2011 to November 27, 2011, though many sources refer to the episodes airing from September 25, 2011 to November 27, 2011 as Season 3. This is due to a short hiatus from June 5, 2011 to September 25, 2011. Season 2 begins with the Browns heading to New York to appear on national television for the first time as open polygamists, while back home the kids head off to their first day of public school. Throughout the season, the Browns visit various", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "355901", "chunk_text": "\"Mattie Blaylock\"\nfarm that Henry had obtained in 1846. Henry and his wife were stern parents and adhered to the principle, \"\"spare the rod and spoil the child,\"\" and \"\"children should be seen and not heard.\"\" Celia, or \"\"Celie\"\" as she was known as a child, attended Sunday school, learned Biblical parables, and was taught to live by the Ten Commandments. When her older sister Martha Jane was 17 she married Charles Probst on July 1, 1870. Celia had no desire to live on a farm the rest of her life. In mid-1868, Celia ran away with her younger sister Sarah to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9427368", "chunk_text": "\"Emma Smith\"\nbroken with Brigham Young and/or James Strang because of opposition to polygamy. Emma's continuing public denial of the practice seemed to lend strength to their cause, and opposition to polygamy became a tenet of the RLDS Church. Over the years, many RLDS Church historians attempted to prove that the practice had originated with Brigham Young. ! colspan=\"\"3\"\" style=\"\"border-top: 5px solid #FABE60;\"\" \|Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints titles Emma Smith Emma Hale Smith Bidamon (July 10, 1804 – April 30, 1879) was the first wife of Joseph Smith and a leader in the early days of the Latter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7953902", "chunk_text": "\"The Real Housewives of Potomac (season 1)\"\nwith being a beauty in Potomac, Katie and her mother run the Ronald F. Rost Charitable Foundation, in memory of her father. When Katie's not working she focuses on her 3 children, a three-year-old son, James Rocco, and 14-month-old twin daughters, Kathryn and Renee. Katie has been dating one of Potomac’s most eligible bachelors, Andrew, and is very keen to take it to the next level by getting married. Gizelle Bryant is an active single mother of three daughters, Grace, and twins Angel and Adore. Gizelle's childhood was heavily influenced by her very prominent and powerful parents, who worked in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12578306", "chunk_text": "\"Kathie Lee Gifford\"\nmy Jewish heritage.\"\" During high school, Gifford was a singer in a folk group, \"\"Pennsylvania Next Right\"\", which performed frequently at school assemblies. After high school graduation in 1971, Gifford attended Oral Roberts University in Tulsa, Oklahoma, studying drama and music. During a summer in the early 1970s, she was a live-in secretary/babysitter for Anita Bryant at her home in Miami. Following her divorce from her first husband Paul Johnson in 1983, Gifford met sports commentator Frank Gifford during an episode of ABC's \"\"Good Morning America\"\"; they were married from 1986 until his death in 2015. At the time she", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4848112", "chunk_text": "\"Marie Osmond\"\nRichard (b. July 6, 1998). They also adopted five children: On March 30, 2007, Osmond and Blosil announced they were divorcing. Both parties released a joint statement stating that neither one assigned fault for the divorce. On May 4, 2011, Osmond remarried her first husband, Stephen Craig, in a small ceremony in the Las Vegas Nevada Temple wearing her dress from the 1982 wedding. In 1999, Osmond said that she suffered from severe postpartum depression. She co-authored a book called \"\"Behind the Smile\"\" with Marcia Wilkie and Dr. Judith Moore which chronicles her experiences with the illness. In August 2006,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15281671", "chunk_text": "\"The First Wives Club\"\nlover of James Naughton's character Gil. Additionally, Jon Stewart was hired to play the lover of Goldie Hawn's character Elise; however, he never actually made it to the film. \"\"I played her boyfriend and apparently they felt that that was not inherently part of the storyline and so she broke up with me before the movie started,\"\" he joked on \"\"Larry King Live\"\" in 2006. Principal photography took place over three months at the Kaufman Astoria Studios in Queens, New York City between December 4, 1995, and March 19, 1996. Among the 60 sites showcased on screen are Christie's auction", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318438", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nbaby Solomon on October 27, 2011 and the possibility of Meri having more children once again resurfaces. Although the ongoing investigation of the Browns is brought up during Season 2, it is not extensively discussed, and the progress of the investigation is unknown. Season 3 premiered on May 13, 2012 after vague details surfaced about the show's spring return on the Twitter account of sister wife Robyn Sullivan Brown. The twenty one episode season mainly dealt with the family's inability to be a cohesive unit while living in four separate homes. Meri explains more about the infertility problems she has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4161131", "chunk_text": "\"Julina Lambson Smith\"\ngreat trials after being displaced from their homes. In 1866, Julina married Joseph F. Smith in the Endowment House. It was Joseph F. Smith's second marriage; Julina was his first plural wife. His first wife Levira, was unable to have children and was often ill, so Julina would do all of the household chores and other tasks. Joseph and Levira were divorced in 1867. On August 14 of that same year Julina had her first child, Mercy Josephine. In the next fifteen years Joseph married four more women. Julina was close friends with the two of her sister wives closer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "796582", "chunk_text": "\"Nine Wives\"\nThe episode reunited her with actors Teri Polo and Joshua Malina, both with whom she had worked before. \"\"Nine Wives\"\" first aired in the United States on January 5, 2007. Critics gave the episode positive reviews. A traveler finds an unconscious young girl beside a road. California Bureau of Investigation (CBI) Agent Rachael Willions (Teri Polo) tells FBI Special Agent Don Eppes (Rob Morrow) that the girl is Josephine Kirtland (Alexandra Krosney), the 73rd wife of Abner Stone (W. Earl Brown), the leader of a polygamist cult called the Apostolic Saints. Drs. Charlie Eppes (David Krumholtz), Don's brother and a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10399886", "chunk_text": "\"Barbara Henrickson\"\nto her family and their own church. At the end of the series, as Bill lies dying on the street, he sees a halo around Barb and asks her to bless him as he dies. A flash forward in the series's closing moments reveals that Barb is now the leader of the only Mormon fundamentalist church that practices both polygamy and female priesthood. Barbara Henrickson Barbara \"\"Barb\"\" Dutton Henrickson is a character on HBO's \"\"Big Love\"\" portrayed by Jeanne Tripplehorn. Barb is the first wife of Bill Henrickson. Barb was raised in a traditional Mormon family, outside polygamy. Bill and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318447", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\non \"\"The Oprah Winfrey Show\"\", talk show host Oprah Winfrey said she found particularly fascinating the relationship between the sister wives. Mark A. Perigard of the \"\"Boston Herald\"\" criticized Kody Brown for opening himself and his family up to potential criminal prosecution by appearing in the series, describing him as \"\"a lawbreaker who is risking himself and the family he claims is so precious just to star in his own TV show\"\". Elizabeth Tenety of \"\"The Washington Post\"\" called the series \"\"one part domestic drudgery, another part sensationalism\"\" and claimed it relied on a \"\"familiar reality TV recipe\"\" shared by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20318439", "chunk_text": "\"Sister Wives\"\nexperienced, while Christine discloses more on her jealousy of Robyn. The season returned from hiatus on November 18, 2012, to the Brown family still discussing their options into moving their family onto one property, and invest in a cul-de-sac where they can build four homes. It is more evident this season that living in separate homes is tearing the family apart. Towards the end of the season, the family plans a three-day trip to Nauvoo, Illinois, the birthplace of American polygamy. In the last episode on December 30, 2012, the family also deals with the upcoming departure to college of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19091895", "chunk_text": "\"Kris Jenner\"\nthe \"\"Trial of the Century.\"\" Jenner was a good friend of O.J.'s ex-wife, Nicole Brown, and Jenner's first husband, Robert Kardashian, was one of O.J. Simpson's \"\"Dream Team\"\" of defense lawyers during the trial. She was portrayed by American actress Selma Blair in the FX limited series \"\"\"\", which premiered in February 2016. Jenner and Pastor Brad Johnson founded the California Community Church in 2012. It originally was called the Life Change Community Church, located in Agoura Hills, California. Kris Jenner Kristen Mary Jenner (née Houghton , formerly Kardashian; born November 5, 1955) is an American television personality, entertainment manager,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10093608", "chunk_text": "\"Olivia Goldsmith\"\nOlivia Goldsmith Olivia Goldsmith (January 1, 1949 – January 15, 2004) was an American author, best known for her first novel \"\"The First Wives Club\"\" (1992), which was adapted into the movie \"\"The First Wives Club\"\" (1996). She was born Randy Goldfield and grew up in Dumont, New Jersey, but changed her name to Justine Goldfield and later to Justine Rendal. She took up writing following a divorce in which she said her husband got almost everything (including her Jaguar and the country house). A graduate of New York University, she was a partner at the management consultants Booz Allen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3364	list of local government area in benue state?	n/a	[ "Guma", "Ogbadibo", "Gwer East", "Gboko", "Gwer West", "Apa", "Ukum", "Okpokwu", "Ohimini", "Agatu", "Kwande", "Makurdi", "Vandeikya", "Otukpo", "Obi", "Oju", "Ado", "Konshisha", "Logo", "Tarka", "Ushongo", "Katsina-Ala", "Buruku" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6504469", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nup to the creation of Benue State in 1976. Benue towns can be categorised into three groups. The first group consists of those with a population of 80,000 to 500,000 people. These include Makurdi, the State Capital, Gboko and Otukpo the \"\"headquarters\"\" of the two dominant ethnic groups (125,944 and 88,958 people respectively). The second group comprises towns with a population of between 20,000 and 50,000 people and includes Katsina-Ala, Zaki-Biam, Ukum, and Adikpo, Kwande. These are all local government headquarters. The third category comprises towns with a population of 10,000 to 19,000 people and includes Vandeikya, Lessel, lhugh, Naka,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10149807", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nthese three centres. As an administrative unit, Benue State was first created on 3 February 1976. It was one of the seven states created by the military administration headed by General Murtala Mohammed, which increased the number of states in the country from 13 to 19. In 1991, its boundaries were re-adjusted with the creation of Kogi State. The new Benue State of today has twenty (23) local government areas, which are administered by local government councils. Benue State lies within the lower river Benue trough in the middle belt region of Nigeria. Its geographic coordinates are longitude 7° 47'", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10149814", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nAya, Apa Ogede and Ombi. The flood plains which are characterised by extensive swamps and ponds are good for dry season irrigated farming. Though Benue State has high drainage density many of the streams are seasonal. Hence, there is an acute water shortage in the dry season in Local Government Areas such as Guma, Okpokwu, Ogbadibo, Gwer West (Naka, Nigeria) and Oju. The state is populated by several ethnic groups: Tiv, Idoma, Igede, Etulo, Abakpa, Jukun, Hausa, Igbo, Akweya and Nyifon. The Tiv are the dominant ethnic group, occupying 14 local government areas with the Etulo and Jukun , while", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10149805", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nAdoka, Aliade, Okpoga, lgumale, Oju, Utonkon, Ugbokolo, Wannune, Ugbokpo, Otukpa, Ugba and Korinya. Most of these towns are headquarters of recently created Local Government Areas and/or district headquarters or major market areas. Some of the headquarters of the newly created LGAs have populations of less than 10,000 people. Such places include Tse-Agberaba, Gbajimba, Buruku, Idekpa, Obagaji and Obarikeito. Apart from earth roads, schools, periodic markets and chemists(local drug stores), the rural areas are largely used for farming, relying on the urban centres for most of their urban needs. Benue State has no problem of capital city primacy. Rather, three towns", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20244741", "chunk_text": "\"Ado, Benue\"\nAdo, Benue Ado is a local government area of Benue State, Nigeria and was created in 1991. It is one of the 9 local government areas in the southern senatorial zone which is mainly occupied primarily by the Idoma people of Benue State. The administrative headquarters are at Igumale, situated on the railway line transversing the north-south of Nigeria. The area contains mineral and natural resources in commercial quantities such as limestone, kaolin, petroleum and coal. It is a culturally rich and diverse area comprising the Agila/Apa, Ulayi, Ijigbam, Utonkon and Igumale, Ekile communities. It was one of the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16297601", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nthe affairs of the state, government has established a three-tier traditional council system made up of Local Government Area Traditional Councils, Area Traditional Councils and the State Council of Chiefs with the Tor Tiv (Tiv king) as chairman. The two Area Councils are the Tiv Traditional Council and the Idoma Traditional Council. The former has the Tor Tiv(Tiv King) as chairman of all the traditional rulers from the Tiv dominant Local Government Areas, while the latter has the Och' Idoma (Idoma king) as the chairman of all the traditional rulers from the Idoma dominant Local Government Areas. The State Council", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20244743", "chunk_text": "\"Ado, Benue\"\nespecially in the Agila area. They are best known for the large arm-sized yam tubers they produce as well as the abundance of ready-to-drop ripe orange trees and sweet palm wine. Ado, Benue Ado is a local government area of Benue State, Nigeria and was created in 1991. It is one of the 9 local government areas in the southern senatorial zone which is mainly occupied primarily by the Idoma people of Benue State. The administrative headquarters are at Igumale, situated on the railway line transversing the north-south of Nigeria. The area contains mineral and natural resources in commercial quantities", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6504468", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nVandeikya, Okpokwu, Ogbadibo, Obi and Gboko have densities ranging from 140 persons to 200 persons per km2. Makurdi LGA has over 380 person per km2. The males are 49.8 percent of the total population while females constitute 50.2 per cent. Benue State region was depleted of its human population during the slave trade. It is largely rural, with scattered settlements mainly in tiny compounds or homesteads, whose population range from 630 people, most of whom are farmers. Urbanization in Benue State did not predate the colonial era. The few towns established during colonial rule remained very small(less than 30,000 people)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10149806", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nstand out very clearly as important urban centres which together account for more than 70 per cent of the social amenities provided in the state and almost all the industrial establishments. These centres are Makurdi, Gboko and Otukpo. They are amongst the oldest towns in the state and are growing at a much faster rate than the smaller younger towns. Makurdi doubles as the capital of the state and the headquarters of Makurdi LGA, while Gboko, Otukpo and Oju double as local government and ethnic headquarters (i.e. for Tiv, Idoma, and Igede). All the roads in the state radiate from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10149796", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nBenue State Benue State is one of the South Eastern states in Nigeria with a population of about 4,253,641 in 2006 census. It is inhabited predominantly by the Tiv, Idoma and Igede peoples, who speak Tiv, Idoma, and Igede languages respectively. The Tivs comprise the Etulos while the Idomas comprise the Ufia's (Utonkon) to Orokam at the west border of the state. There are other ethnic groups, including the Etulo, Abakwa, Jukun, Hausa, Igbo, Igala people, Akweya and Nyifon. With its capital at Makurdi, Benue is a rich agricultural region; popularly grown crops includes; potatoes, cassava, soya bean, guinea corn,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19916100", "chunk_text": "\"Gwer West\"\nGwer West 'Gwer West' is a Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Naka. It has an area of 1,094 km² and a population of 122,145 at the 2006 census. The postal code of the area is 971. it has fifteen council wards and kindreds; Sengev, Tsambe/Mbesev, Merkyen, Nyamshi, Gaambe-Ushin, Mbachohon, Mbapa, Tijime, Avihijime, Gbange/Tongov, Toughatee/Injaha, Sengev/Yengev, Saghev/Ukusu, Ikyagev, Mbabuande. HRH Chief Daniel Ayua Abomtse is the current paramount ruler. the current Chairman is Hon Ayagah Francis. There are some other important settlements in the local government apart from the headquarters, these include;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19916109", "chunk_text": "Kwande\nKwande Kwande is a Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Adikpo. Kwande has an area of 2,891 km² and a population of 248,697 at the 2006 Census.is bordered by several other LGAs. On the west, it is bordered by Vandeikya Local Government, Ushongo LGA on the north, and Katsina-Ala LGA on the northwest. On the south, it is bordered by Cross River State and in the southeast by the Republic of Cameroon. Kwande LGA also shares a common border with Takum LGA of Taraba State on the east. It has fifteen council", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17685047", "chunk_text": "\"Apa, Nigeria\"\nApa, Nigeria Apa local government area was first created on 23 March 1981. It became defunct on 31 December 1983, and was later re-created in August, 1991. The local government is located in the northwestern part of Makurdi, the capital of Benue State. It is bounded to the North by Agatu local government, to the West by Gwer West, to the South by Otukpo and to West by Omala local government area of Kogi State. It has population of about 100,000 people with a population density of about 200,300 persons per sq. km. The inhabitants of the local government are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6504503", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nin the deep valleys and on the pretty steep highlands, which are all however inhabited. Historical monuments in the state include the Royal Niger Company Trading Stores at Makurdi and Gbileve near Katsina-Ala; the tombs of the first \"\" Dutch missionaries at Harga and Sai in Katsina-Ala Local Government Areas; the tombs of the legendary politician, Mr. J. S. Tarka and past three Tor Tiv in Gboko town; and the trench fortifications in Turan district of Kwande local government areas which were dug by the Tiv to ward off Chamba invasions in the 19th century. At Utonkon, is a thick", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6504466", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nProgressives Congress (APC) members. Benue state has three universities: Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State University, Makurdi, and University of Mkar, Mkar, Gboko. It has two polytechnics: Benue State Polytechnic, Ugbokolo and Fidei polytechnic, Gboko as well as the Akperan Orshi college of Agriculture Yandev. There are about four colleges of education which are Federal College of Education Agasha, College of Education Oju, College of Education Kastina Ala. Benue State as it exists today is a surviving legacy of an administrative entity which was carved out of the protectorate of northern Nigeria at the beginning of the twentieth century.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "136121", "chunk_text": "\"Naka Benue Nigeria\"\nNaka Benue Nigeria Naka Benue Nigeria is the headquarters of Gwer West Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. It has been known as the highest producer of Honey and Rice in the state. It has an area of 1,094 km² and a population of 122,145 at the 2006 census. it has fifteen council wards and kindreds, The first paramount ruler was (late) HRH Chief Gendaga Damna, and HRH Chief Daniel Ayua Abomtse is the current paramount ruler. The current Chairman (transition/caretaker) is Hon Hyacinth Kwegi. There are some other important settlements in the local government apart from the headquarters,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16297600", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nthe Idoma, Igede, Igbo, Akweya and Nyifon occupy the remaining nine local government areas. Most of the people are farmers while the inhabitants of the river areas engage in fishing as their primary or important secondary occupation. The people of the state are famous for their cheerful and hospitable disposition as well as rich cultural heritage. The Benue State Government accords high respect to traditional rulers in recognition of their role as custodians of culture and as agents of development. Also, their roles in enhancing peace and order at the grassroots level are also recognised. To enhance their contribution to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20249275", "chunk_text": "Katsina-Ala\nKatsina-Ala Katsina-Ala is a Local Government Area (LGA) of Benue State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Katsina-Ala where the A344 highway starts. It is also the location of an important archeological site where artifacts of the Nok culture have been found. The LGA of Katsina-Ala has an area of 2,402 km² and a population of 224,718 at the 2006 census. The town center is the location of one of the oldest schools in Nigeria, Government College Katsina-Ala, founded in 1914, and has produced many prominent members in Nigerian society. The postal code of the area is 980.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6504465", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nflax, yams, sesame, rice, and groundnuts, Palm Tree. Benue State is named after the Benue River and was formed from the former Benue-Plateau State in 1976, along with Igala and some part of Kwara State. In 1991 some areas of Benue state (mostly Igala area), along with areas in Kwara State, were carved out to become part of the new Kogi State. Igbo people are found in the boundary areas of Ebonyi State and Enugu State in local government areas like the Obi, Oju etc. Samuel Ortom is the governor and Benson Abounu is the deputy governor. Both are All", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10149823", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\ntourist attraction. Benué State consists of twenty-three (23) Local Government Areas. They are: Agriculture forms the backbone of the Benue State economy, engaging more than 70 per cent of the working population. This has made Benue the major source of food production in the Nation. It can still be developed because most of the modern techniques are not yet popular to 98% of Nigeria. Mechanization and plantation agriculture/agro-forestry are still at its infancy. Farm inputs such as fertilizers, improved seed, insecticides and other foreign methods are being increasingly used. However, cost and availability is still a challenge. Important cash crops", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "136122", "chunk_text": "\"Naka Benue Nigeria\"\nthese include; Bunaka, Agagbe, Nagi, Aondoana, Kula, Jimba, Anguhar, Atukpu and Ajigba. Ikyande is another popular market in Gwer West Local Government Area. Naka Benue is a name one of prominent founders of the town and grand son of Asha (Onmbaasha) Ahsa-Tor Naka Benue Nigeria Naka Benue Nigeria is the headquarters of Gwer West Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. It has been known as the highest producer of Honey and Rice in the state. It has an area of 1,094 km² and a population of 122,145 at the 2006 census. it has fifteen council wards and kindreds, The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6504467", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nThe territory was initially known as Munshi Province until 1918 when the name of its dominant geographical feature, the 'Benue River' was adopted. The State which is in the has a total population of 4,253,641 in 2006 census, with an average population density of 99 persons per km2. This makes Benue the 9th most populous state in Nigeria. However, the distribution of the population according to Local government areas shows marked duality. There are areas of low population density . such as Guma, Gwer East, Ohimini, Katsina-Ala, Apa, Logo and Agatu, each with less than seventy persons per km2, while", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10149819", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\ncompleted and opened in 1932. In 1976, the town became the capital of Benue State and today, doubles as the headquarters of Makurdi Local Government Area. The town is divided by the River Benue into the north and south banks, which are connected by two bridges: the railway bridge, which was built in 1932, and the new dual carriage bridge commissioned in 1978. The southern part of the town is made up of several wards, including Central Ward, Old GRA, Ankpa Ward, Wadata Ward, High Level, Wurukum (Low Level), New GRA etc. Important establishments and offices located here include the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19916115", "chunk_text": "Ohimini\nOhimini Ohimini is a Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Idekpa-Okpiko.Ohimini was created out of the present Otukpo Local Government Area of Benue State.Major districts under Ohimini local Government are,Onyagede which share boundary with Kogi state has the following villages, Amoke, Enumona, Ogodu, Awume, Ikpoke, Ogoli, Ogande, Ugofu, Ipolabakpa, Umonomi and Iyaya, Okpiko, Agadagba, Oglewu and Idekpa the capital. It has an area of 632 km² and a population of 71,482 at the 2006 census. Ohimini Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria, was created in December 1996 by the military regime", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1455098", "chunk_text": "\"Agila Town\"\nAgila Town Agila Town is the traditional home of the Agilan people from Ado local Government area, Benue State. Ado is a local government area of Benue State, Nigeria and was created in 1991. Nigeria is an independent country situated in Western Africa. The area comprises many settlements, which include Apa, Ivetse, Ikpenba, Agila, Ogbokwu, Udokwu and Odah. Apa was historically dominated by the Agilan who were not able to return to the main town after the Biafra War. Agila shares boundaries with Ebonyi State in the East, Enugu State in the West and Igumale, the Local Government headquarters in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10149818", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nLawn Tennis tournament attracts players from all over the country. Benue State has three teams in the professional soccer ranks, Lobi Stars F.C. in Division One, BCC Lions FC in Division Two, Mark mentors as the basketball premier league team. Makurdi, the state capital was established in the early twenties and gained prominence in 1927 when it became the headquarters of the then Benue Province. Being a river port, it attracted the establishment of trading depots by companies such as United Africa Company of Nigeria and John Holt plc. Its commercial status was further enhanced when the Railway Bridge was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10149820", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nGovernment House, The State Secretariat, The Federal Secretariat, The Central Bank of Nigeria Regional headquarters, Commercial Banks, Telecommunication companies, Police Headquarters, Nigeria Prisons Service, Aper Aku Stadium, Nigeria Air force Base, Makurdi, The Makurdi Modern Market, the Federal Medical Centre, Nigeria Railway Station, Benue Printing and Publishing Company Limited, Radio Benue, Nigerian Television Authority (NTA), Nigerian Postal service, Benue Hotels Makurdi, Benue Plaza hotel, Benue State University, Benue State Breweries. The North bank area of the town houses among other establishments, the Federal University of Agriculture, the Nigerian Army School of Military Engineering, the headquarters of the 72 Airborne Battalion", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16297614", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nthe people will eventually open up the state to tourists. An amusement park and Zoo have been developed at Makurdi. There is a wild life park at lkwe where a conference hall and chalets have been built to serve tourists. Tourist attractions in the state may be grouped into natural scenic, historical monuments and festivals. Natural Attractions in Benue State include hills and ranges such as Ikyogen, Abande, Ngokur, Mkar, Ushongo and Harga. There is a heavily wooded natural trench at Tse-Mker which is believed to be inhabited by dangerous creatures including Pythons. Gurgul is a waterfall on Katsina Ala", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19922692", "chunk_text": "Buruku\nBuruku Buruku is a Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Buruku. It has an area of 1,246 km² and a population of 203,721 at the 2006 census. Buruku LGA has the following districts (wards) with their projected population as at December, 2017: Over 80% of adults in this rural population is engaged in food crop production but each household also holds some livestock and citrus farm. The crop farmers produce yams, cassava, soyabeans, rice, groundnuts, sesame seed (beniseed), beans, guinea corn, millet, bambara nuts, ginger,sugar cane and maize. Buruku is a riverine", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15071797", "chunk_text": "Vandeikya\nVandeikya Vandeikya is a local government area in Nigeria. Vandeikya Local Government Council is located between latitude 7°5' and 7°15' north of the Equator and Longitude 9° and 9°6' east of Greenwich. It has a landmass of 183,939 square metres (0.7 sq miles) with a population of well over 80,288. Vandeikya is in the South Eastern part of Benue State and shares boundaries with Obudu and Bekwara in Cross River State to the East, Ushongo to the North and Konshisha LGA to the West. There are twelve administrative council wards. Vandeikya LGA was carved out of Gboko LGC in 1976.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19916101", "chunk_text": "\"Gwer West\"\nOrawe,Bunaka, Agagbe, Nagi, Aondoana, Kula, Jimba, Anguhar, Atukpu and Ajigba,Ikyande is another popular market in Gwer West Local Government Area. Gwer West 'Gwer West' is a Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Naka. It has an area of 1,094 km² and a population of 122,145 at the 2006 census. The postal code of the area is 971. it has fifteen council wards and kindreds; Sengev, Tsambe/Mbesev, Merkyen, Nyamshi, Gaambe-Ushin, Mbachohon, Mbapa, Tijime, Avihijime, Gbange/Tongov, Toughatee/Injaha, Sengev/Yengev, Saghev/Ukusu, Ikyagev, Mbabuande. HRH Chief Daniel Ayua Abomtse is the current paramount ruler. the current Chairman", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20249294", "chunk_text": "Ohimini\nfor investors in Benue State. Ohimini Ohimini is a Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Idekpa-Okpiko.Ohimini was created out of the present Otukpo Local Government Area of Benue State.Major districts under Ohimini local Government are,Onyagede which share boundary with Kogi state has the following villages, Amoke, Enumona, Ogodu, Awume, Ikpoke, Ogoli, Ogande, Ugofu, Ipolabakpa, Umonomi and Iyaya, Okpiko, Agadagba, Oglewu and Idekpa the capital. It has an area of 632 km² and a population of 71,482 at the 2006 census. Ohimini Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria, was created in December", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10149813", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\ngenerally low lying (averaging 100m-250m) and gently undulating with occasional inselbergs, Knoll, Laterite etc. It is only at the boundary area with Cameroon, also Kwande and Oju Local Government Areas that hilly terrain with appreciable local relief is encountered. Here, the terrain is characterised by steep slopes, deep incised valleys and generally rugged relief. Elsewhere, gradients average less than 4°. River Benue is the dominant geographical feature in the state. It is one of the few large rivers in Nigeria. The Katsina-Ala is the largest tributary, while the smaller rivers include Mkomon, Amile, Duru, Loko Konshisha, Kpa, Okpokwu, Mu, Be,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9980957", "chunk_text": "Gboko\nGboko Gboko is a fast-growing town in the Benue State of North-central Nigeria. The name Gboko also refers to a Local Government in Benue State. The population for the town is over 500,000, mostly Tiv people. It is the traditional capital of the Tiv tribe and it has the official residence of the Tor-Tiv, who is the paramount traditional ruler of the Tiv people that spread across Benue, Taraba, Plateau, Nasarawa, and Enugu States. Gboko was also the headquarters of the Tiv Native Authority. The famous Tiv politician Senator Joseph Saawuan Tarkaa has his tomb in Gboko. Many of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17973060", "chunk_text": "Otukpa\nwhich form the south –western portion of the Idoma division. The language of the people is Idoma. The whole area hitherto full of forest has gradually deforestated so as to give way to agriculture to support the increasing population. The only forest reserves in the vicinity of the villages are retained for purpose of defence, game and worship of deities. The communities live in compounds, each extended family occupying a separate stead. Otukpa Otukpa is a town in Benue State, Nigeria. It contains the headquarters of the Ogbadibo Local Government Area. \"\"Otuba\"\" means to gather together. The name \"\"Otukpa\"\" is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16297604", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nbig hotels in Makurdi, Gboko and Otukpo are equipped with several indoor sporting facilities. There are golf clubs, the Makurdi Club, Railway Club, Police Club and Air Force Club, where, apart from the sale of drinks and snacks, various types of games are played. There is a standard Arts Theatre, a modern Sports Complex which includes the Aper Aku Stadium, which has provisions for such games as tennis, basketball, volleyball and handball, an indoor sports hall and Olympic size swimming pool in Makurdi. A Smaller stadia exist in Gboko (J. S. Tarka Stadium), Katsina-Ala, Adikpo, Vandeikya and Otukpo. The BCC", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19916112", "chunk_text": "Kwande\npostal code of the area is 982002. Kwande Kwande is a Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Adikpo. Kwande has an area of 2,891 km² and a population of 248,697 at the 2006 Census.is bordered by several other LGAs. On the west, it is bordered by Vandeikya Local Government, Ushongo LGA on the north, and Katsina-Ala LGA on the northwest. On the south, it is bordered by Cross River State and in the southeast by the Republic of Cameroon. Kwande LGA also shares a common border with Takum LGA of Taraba State", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16297602", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nof Chiefs had the Tor Tiv, Orchivirigh Professor James Ortese Iorzua Ayatse (Tor Tiv V) (), with Och'Idoma and all second class Chiefs/Chairmen of the Local Government Traditional Council as members. Benue State possesses a rich and diverse cultural heritage which finds expression in colourful cloths, exotic masquerades, supplicated music and dances. Traditional dances from Benue State have won acclaim at national and international cultural festivals. The most popular of these dances include Ingyough, Ange, Anchanakupa, Swange and Ogirinya among others. The socio-religious festivals of the people, colourful dances, dresses and songs are also of tourist value. The Alekwu ancestral", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16297609", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\ninclude Soy-beans, Rice, Peanuts, mango varieties, Citrus etc. Other cash crops include Palm oil, Melon, African pear, Chili pepper, Tomatoes etc. Food crops indude Yam, Cassava, Sweet potato, Beans, Maize, Millet, Guinea corn, Vegetables etc. There is very little irrigation agriculture and techniques. Animal production include, Cattle, Pork, Poultry and Goat but no dairy and dairy products yet. Banking services are available as all the banks in Nigeria have branches in the state with the Central Bank of Nigeria having its regional headquarters in Makurdi. Dangote Cement Company is a private company that operates within the state and provides a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20653765", "chunk_text": "Makurdi\nMakurdi Makurdi is the capital of the Benue state, Nigeria. The city is located in the Middle Belt along the Benue River and holds the base for the Nigerian Air Force's MiG 21 and SEPECAT Jaguar aircraft squadrons. In 2007, Makurdi had an estimated population of 500,797. The major ethnic groups are the Tiv, Idoma, Igede and Etulo. Makurdi is the location of Benue State University and the University of Agriculture Makurdi. Makurdi is located on the banks of Benue River, a major tributary of the Niger River. It is on the main narrow gauge railway line running north from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18707963", "chunk_text": "Igede\nonline community of Igede people. The Oju Local Government Area was created in 1976 and shares boundaries with present-day Obi, Ado, Konshisha and Gwer East Local Government Areas of Benue State, Ebonyi and Izzi Local Government Areas of Ebonyi State, and Yala Local Government Area of Cross River State. It is headquartered in Oju Town. The Obi local government area was created in 1996 and has its headquarters at Obarike-Ito. The local government area derives its name from the Obi stream that flows in the area and shares boundary with Ado, Otukpo and Oju local government areas of Benue State.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19922693", "chunk_text": "Buruku\nlocal government area with large areas of Katsina-Ala River Basin where sugar cane is planted in commercial quantity. Rice is also produced in commercial quantities along the River Katsina-Ala basin and its streams/tributaries. Popular local markets in Buruku LGA are Ityowanye, Adi, Abwa, Buruku, Adogo, Kur, Usen, Agwabi, Ortese-Mbashian, Gbanyam, Ugah, Jingir, and Dogo/Wuna. Buruku has a large citrus and soya beans market at Ityowanye. The postal code of the area is 981. 3. \"\"National Population Commission, 2006 Census Figures.\"\" Buruku Buruku is a Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Buruku. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10149810", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\na result, marine sediments form the dominant surface geology of much of Benue State. Benue State is blessed with abundant mineral resources. These resources are distributed in the Local Government Areas of the state. Of these mineral resources, only Limestone at Tse-Kucha near Gboko and Kaolinite at Otukpo are being commercially exploited. Other mineral deposits include Baryte, Gypsum, Feldspar, Wolframite, Kaolinite, mineral salts and Gemstone etc. Benue State is the nation's acclaimed food basket because of its rich agricultural produce which include Yam, Rice, Beans, Cassava, Sweet-potato, Maize, Soybean, Sorghum, Millet, Sesame, cocoyam etc. The state accounts for over 70%", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6504504", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nforest with tall giant trees, the centre of which used to serve as a slave trade market, but is now the site of shrines and a periodic market. Swem is a shrine site at the foot of the Cameroon range in Kwande local government area from where the Tivs were said to have originated. There are three universities recognized by the National Universities Commission in Benue State namely; Benue State Benue State is one of the South Eastern states in Nigeria with a population of about 4,253,641 in 2006 census. It is inhabited predominantly by the Tiv, Idoma and Igede", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9342681", "chunk_text": "\"Oruk Anam\"\nOruk Anam Oruk Anam is a Local Government Area located in the southwestern part of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. It is one of the eight Annang-speaking local government areas. It consists of two major political units, namely, the Oruk zone, and the Anam zone. Oruk zone used to be a Local Government Area with headquarters at Urua Anwa. Oruk zone was known as Southern Annang County Council of the former Abak Division. Anam zone used to be Anam Local Government Area with headquarters at Ikot Akpan Essien. Anam was called Anam or Annang County Council in the former Opobo Division.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4596206", "chunk_text": "Otukpo\nOtukpo Otukpo is a town in Benue State, Nigeria located in the Middle Belt Region of Nigeria. It is also the eponymous name of a subgroup of the Idoma people. Otukpo is the headquarters of the Otukpo Local Government Area. It was the headquarters of the former Idoma Province, and remains an important town in Idomaland, an area mainly populated by the Idoma speaking people, though with numerous local dialects spoken in the diverse reaches of Idoma land. Otukpo Idoma language is the umbrella lingua. Otukpo is the seat of the Och' Idoma, the Paramount Chief of the Idomas. Prominent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16297612", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nMakurdi Airport to become the largest agricultural cargo airport in the country. The rivers Benue and Katsina-Ala only needs to be dredged and a modern river port built at Makurdi, Turan, Buruku and Katsina-Ala to transport goods all over the nation since the state is at the middle of the country. Ships are sighted very occasionally offloading cargo for Benue company at the Abinsi jetty. The eastern rail line connects Makurdi, Otukpo, Taraku, Utonkon and lgumale with the rest of the country. Altogether, about 180 km of rail line traverses the state. Electricity is not yet stable but industrialists use", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1106345", "chunk_text": "\"Benue Trough\"\nBenue Trough The Benue Trough is a major geological structure underlying a large part of Nigeria and extending about 1,000 km northeast from the Bight of Benin to Lake Chad. It is part of the broader Central African Rift System. The trough has its southern limit at the northern boundary of the Niger Delta, where it dips down and is overlaid with Tertiary and more recent sediments. It extends in a northeasterly direction to the Chad Basin, and is about 150 km wide. The trough is arbitrarily divided into lower, middle and upper regions, and the upper region is further", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16473938", "chunk_text": "Otukpa\nOtukpa Otukpa is a town in Benue State, Nigeria. It contains the headquarters of the Ogbadibo Local Government Area. \"\"Otuba\"\" means to gather together. The name \"\"Otukpa\"\" is a symbol of Unity, Defence and friendship. Three men; Oono, Oodo Ogodo and Ameh Ochagbaha coming from diverse directions insearch of fortunes converged at a spot popularly known today as Oto. The men entered into a pact to stay together and forge their fortunes forward collectively. They decided on a suitable name for the area known today as OTUKPA. The original name ‘Otuba’ which means “to gather or together” points to significant", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10149808", "chunk_text": "\"Benue State\"\nand 10° 0' East. Latitude 6° 25' and 8° 8' North; and shares boundaries with five other states namely: Nasarawa State to the north, Taraba State to the east, Cross-River State to the south, Enugu State to the south-west and Kogi State to the west. The state also shares a common boundary with the Republic of Cameroon on the south-east. Benue occupies a landmass of 34,059 square kilometres. Based on Köppen climate classification, Benue State lies within the AW climate and experiences two distinct seasons, the Wet season and the Dry season. The rainy season lasts from April to October", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3365	an influential religion to enter china along the silk route during the han dynasty was?	n/a	[ "Buddhism" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12665262", "chunk_text": "\"Religion in China\"\ncapital Luoyang during Emperor Ming's reign. Buddhism entered China via the Silk Road, transmitted by the Buddhist populations who inhabited the Western Regions (modern Xinjiang), then Indo-Europeans (predominantly Tocharians and Saka). It began to grow to become a significant influence in China proper only after the fall of the Han dynasty, in the period of political division. When Buddhism had become an established religion it began to compete with Chinese indigenous religion and Taoist movements, deprecatorily designated as Ways of Demons (鬼道 \"\"Guǐdào\"\") in Buddhist polemical literature. After the fall of the Han dynasty, a period of disunity defined as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13065096", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road transmission of Buddhism\"\nof Transoxiana, resulting in the Uyghur Khaganate by the 740s. By this time, Indian Buddhism itself was in decline, due to the resurgence of Hinduism on one hand and due to the Muslim expansion on the other, while Tang-era Chinese Buddhism was repressed in the 9th century, but not before in its turn giving rise to Korean and Japanese traditions. Buddhism was brought to China via the Silk Road. Buddhist monks travelled with merchant caravans on the Silk Road, to preach their new religion. The lucrative Chinese silk trade along this trade route began during the Han Dynasty (206 BCE", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13065094", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road transmission of Buddhism\"\nSilk Road transmission of Buddhism Buddhism entered Han China via the Silk Road, beginning in the 1st or 2nd century CE. The first documented translation efforts by Buddhist monks in China (all foreigners) were in the 2nd century CE under the influence of the expansion of the Kushan Empire into the Chinese territory of the Tarim Basin under Kanishka. These contacts brought Gandharan Buddhist culture into territories adjacent to China proper. Direct contact between Central Asian and Chinese Buddhism continued throughout the 3rd to 7th century, well into the Tang period. From the 4th century onward, with Faxian's pilgrimage to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10801817", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road\"\nChristianity was primarily known as Nestorianism on the Silk Road. In 781, an inscribed stele shows Nestorian Christian missionaries arriving on the Silk Road. Christianity had spread both east and west, simultaneously bringing Syriac language and evolving the forms of worship. The transmission of Buddhism to China via the Silk Road began in the 1st century CE, according to a semi-legendary account of an ambassador sent to the West by the Chinese Emperor Ming (58–75). During this period Buddhism began to spread throughout Southeast, East, and Central Asia. Mahayana, Theravada, and Tibetan Buddhism are the three primary forms of Buddhism", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10023692", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road transmission of Buddhism\"\nwhich \"\"is how Buddhism gradually spread into (China).\"\" Silk Road transmission of Buddhism Buddhism entered Han China via the Silk Road, beginning in the 1st or 2nd century CE. The first documented translation efforts by Buddhist monks in China (all foreigners) were in the 2nd century CE under the influence of the expansion of the Kushan Empire into the Chinese territory of the Tarim Basin under Kanishka. These contacts brought Gandharan Buddhist culture into territories adjacent to China proper. Direct contact between Central Asian and Chinese Buddhism continued throughout the 3rd to 7th century, well into the Tang period. From", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13709786", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road\"\nSilk Road The Silk Road was an ancient network of trade routes that connected the East and West. It was central to cultural interaction between the regions for many centuries. The Silk Road refers to both the terrestrial and the maritime routes connecting East Asia and Southeast Asia with East Africa, West Asia and Southern Europe. The Silk Road derives its name from the lucrative trade in silk carried out along its length, beginning in the Han dynasty (207 BCE–220 CE). The Han dynasty expanded the Central Asian section of the trade routes around 114 BCE through the missions and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9302583", "chunk_text": "\"Religion in China\"\nwas that from the ancient kingdom of Kamrupa, through upper Burma, reaching Yunnan; a third route is the well-known Silk Route reaching northwest China, which was the main route through which Buddhism spread into China. Archeological remains of Hindu temples and typical Hindu icons have been found in coastal cities of China and in Dali, Yunnan. It is recorded that in 758 there were three Brahminic temples in Guangzhou, with resident brahmins, and Hindu temples in Quanzhou. Remains of Hindu temples have also been discovered in Xinjiang, and they are of an earlier date than those in southeast China. Hindu", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12405578", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road\"\nis believed that under the control of the Kushans, Buddhism was spread to China and other parts of Asia from the middle of the first century to the middle of the third century. Extensive contacts started in the 2nd century, probably as a consequence of the expansion of the Kushan empire into the Chinese territory of the Tarim Basin, due to the missionary efforts of a great number of Buddhist monks to Chinese lands. The first missionaries and translators of Buddhists scriptures into Chinese were either Parthian, Kushan, Sogdian, or Kuchean. One result of the spread of Buddhism along the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5484858", "chunk_text": "\"Religion in China\"\nin China as an academic subject has blossomed with the establishment of institutions such as Diane and Guilford Glazer Institute of Jewish Studies and the China Judaic Studies Association. The Bahá'í Faith (巴哈伊信仰 \"\"Bāhāyī xìnyǎng\"\", 巴哈伊教 \"\"Bāhāyījiào\"\", or, in old translations, 大同教 \"\"Dàtóngjiào\"\") has a presence in China since the 19th century. Hinduism (印度教 \"\"Yìndùjiào\"\") entered China around the same time as Buddhism, generally imported by Indian merchants, from different routes. One of them was the \"\"Silk Route by Sea\"\" that started from the Coromandel Coast in southeast India and reached Southeast Asia and then southeastern Chinese cities; another route", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12405580", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road\"\na major Buddhist centre by the middle of the 2nd century. Knowledge among people on the silk roads also increased when Emperor Ashoka of the Maurya dynasty (268–239 BCE) converted to Buddhism and raised the religion to official status in his northern Indian empire. From the 4th century CE onward, Chinese pilgrims also started to travel on the Silk Road to India to get improved access to the original Buddhist scriptures, with Fa-hsien's pilgrimage to India (395–414), and later Xuanzang (629–644) and Hyecho, who traveled from Korea to India. The travels of the priest Xuanzang were fictionalized in the 16th", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13593594", "chunk_text": "\"Han dynasty\"\nor Mount Penglai. Han-era Daoists assembled into small groups of hermits who attempted to achieve immortality through breathing exercises, sexual techniques and use of medical elixirs. By the 2nd century AD, Daoists formed large hierarchical religious societies such as the Way of the Five Pecks of Rice. Its followers believed that the sage-philosopher Laozi (fl. 6th century BC) was a holy prophet who would offer salvation and good health if his devout followers would confess their sins, ban the worship of unclean gods who accepted meat sacrifices and chant sections of the \"\"Daodejing\"\". Buddhism first entered China during the Eastern", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11183982", "chunk_text": "\"History of Asia\"\nthe centralization and bureaucracy of the Qin, but greatly reduced the repression seen before. They expanded their territory into Korea, Vietnam, and Central Asia, creating an even larger empire than the Qin. The Han developed contacts with the Persian Empire in the Middle East and the Romans, through the Silk Road, with which they were able to trade many commodities—primarily silk. Many ancient civilizations were influenced by the Silk Road, which connected China, India, the Middle East and Europe. Han emperors like Wu also promoted Confucianism as the national \"\"religion\"\" (although it is debated by theologians as to whether it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9302587", "chunk_text": "\"Religion in China\"\nShenzhen, Wuhan and Harbin. Manichaeism (摩尼教 Móníjiào or 明教 Míngjiào, \"\"bright transmission\"\") was introduced in China together with Christianity in the 7th century, by land from Central Asia and by sea through south-eastern ports. Based on Gnostic teachings and able to adapt to different cultural contexts, the Manichaean religion spread rapidly both westward to the Roman Empire and eastward to China. Historical sources speak of the religion being introduced in China in 694, though this may have happened much earlier. Manichaeans in China held that their religion was first brought to China by Mōzak under Emperor Gaozong of Tang (650–83).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10023684", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road transmission of Buddhism\"\nand Paul Pelliot, proposed that Buddhism was originally introduced in southern China, the Yangtze River and Huai River region, where King Ying of Chu was worshipping Laozi and Buddha c. 65 CE. The overland route hypothesis, favored by Tang Yongtong, proposed that Buddhism disseminated eastward through Yuezhi and was originally practiced in western China, at the Han capital Luoyang where Emperor Ming established the White Horse Temple c. 68 CE. The historian Rong Xinjiang reexamined the overland and maritime hypotheses through a multi-disciplinary review of recent discoveries and research, including the Gandhāran Buddhist Texts, and concluded: Fan Ye's Commentary noted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8287674", "chunk_text": "China\nof the Han Chinese. The Han expanded the empire's territory considerably, with military campaigns reaching Central Asia, Mongolia, South Korea, and Yunnan, and the recovery of Guangdong and northern Vietnam from Nanyue. Han involvement in Central Asia and Sogdia helped establish the land route of the Silk Road, replacing the earlier path over the Himalayas to India. Han China gradually became the largest economy of the ancient world. Despite the Han's initial decentralization and the official abandonment of the Qin philosophy of Legalism in favor of Confucianism, Qin's legalist institutions and policies continued to be employed by the Han government", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12116603", "chunk_text": "\"Han Chinese\"\nand chemistry, cuisine, martial arts, and architecture. Taoism was the state religion of the early Han Dynasty, and also often enjoyed state patronage under subsequent emperors and dynasties. Confucianism, although sometimes described as a religion, is a governing philosophy and moral code with some religious elements like ancestor worship. It is deeply ingrained in Chinese culture and was the official state philosophy in China during the Han Dynasty and unto the fall of imperial China in the 20th century. In the Han Dynasty, Confucian ideals were the dominant ideology. Near the end of the dynasty, Buddhism entered China, later gaining", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12405584", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road\"\nto establish diaspora within the communities they encountered, and over time their cultures became based on Buddhism. As a result, these communities became centers of literacy and culture with well-organized marketplaces, lodging, and storage. The voluntary conversion of Chinese ruling elites helped the spread of Buddhism in East Asia and led Buddhism to become widespread in Chinese society. The Silk Road transmission of Buddhism essentially ended around the 7th century with the rise of Islam in Central Asia. Many artistic influences were transmitted via the Silk Road, particularly through Central Asia, where Hellenistic, Iranian, Indian and Chinese influences could intermix.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11514610", "chunk_text": "\"Southward expansion of the Han dynasty\"\nor displaced by the Han Empire. Evidence of Han dynasty influences are apparent in artifacts excavated in the Baiyue tombs of modern southern China. This sphere of influence eventually extended to various ancient Southeast Asian kingdoms, where contact led to the spread of Han Chinese culture, trade and political diplomacy. The increased demand for Chinese silk also led to the establishment of the Silk Road connecting Europe, the Near East, and China. Military campaigns against the Baiyue began under the Qin, the dynasty that preceded the Han. The First Emperor of the Qin craved for the resources of the Baiyue", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9443996", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Route Museum\"\npieces possess the characteristics from the pre-historical culture to Ming and Qing dynasties and represent the history, politics, economy, science and technology, cultural arts, husbandry production, religious belief and daily customs from thousands of years ago. Silk Route Museum The Silk Route Museum () is located in Jiuquan, Gansu Province along the Silk Road, a trading route connecting Rome to China, used by Marco Polo. It is also built over the tomb of the Xiliang King in Gansu Province. Founded by Mei Ping Wu and staffed by volunteers, the museum is dedicated to the fostering of an enhanced understanding between", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12405553", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road\"\nnortheastern one toward the nearby Turkic tribes. The Silk Road gave rise to the clusters of military states of nomadic origins in North China, ushered the Nestorian, Manichaean, Buddhist, and later Islamic religions into Central Asia and China. By the Umayyad era, Damascus had overtaken Ctesiphon as a major trade center until the Abbasid dynasty built the city of Baghdad, which became the most important city along the silk road. At the end of its glory, the routes brought about the largest continental empire ever, the Mongol Empire, with its political centres strung along the Silk Road (Beijing in North", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17376701", "chunk_text": "\"Church of the East in China\"\nChurch of the East in China The Church of the East or Nestorian Church had a presence in China during two periods: first from the 7th through the 10th century, and later during the Mongol Yuan Dynasty in the 13th and 14th centuries. Locally, the religion was known as Jingjiao/Ching-chiao (景教), which literally means the “Luminous Religion”. Two possibly Nestorian monks were preaching Christianity in India in the 6th century before they smuggled silkworm eggs from China to the Eastern Roman Empire. The first recorded Christian mission to China was led by the Syriac monk known in Chinese as Alopen.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13065103", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road transmission of Buddhism\"\nof the holy priest Xuanzang were described in the famous novel \"\"Journey to the West\"\", which envisaged trials of the journey with demons but with the help of various disciples. During the fifth and sixth centuries C.E., Merchants played a large role in the spread of religion, in particular Buddhism. Merchants found the moral and ethical teachings of Buddhism to be an appealing alternative to previous religions. As a result, Merchants supported Buddhist Monasteries along the Silk Roads and in return the Buddhists gave the Merchants somewhere to stay as they traveled from city to city. As a result, Merchants", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5484795", "chunk_text": "\"Religion in China\"\nRestrictions lasted until the reforms of the 1980s, when Buddhism began to recover popularity and its place as the largest organised faith in the country. While estimates of the number of Buddhists in China vary, the most recent surveys found an average 10–16% of the population of China claiming a Buddhist affiliation, with even higher percentages in urban agglomerations. Buddhism was introduced into China by its western neighbouring populations during the Han dynasty, traditionally in the 1st century. It became very popular among Chinese of all walks of life; admired by commoners, and sponsored by emperors in certain dynasties. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7801292", "chunk_text": "\"Han dynasty\"\nand convicts who performed hard labor. The court also encouraged commoners, such as farmers, merchants, landowners, and hired laborers, to voluntarily migrate to the frontier. Even before Han's expansion into Central Asia, diplomat Zhang Qian's travels from 139 to 125 BC had established Chinese contacts with many surrounding civilizations. Zhang encountered Dayuan (Fergana), Kangju (Sogdiana), and Daxia (Bactria, formerly the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom); he also gathered information on Shendu (Indus River valley of North India) and Anxi (the Parthian Empire). All of these countries eventually received Han embassies. These connections marked the beginning of the Silk Road trade network that extended", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12405574", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road\"\nand others have described how trading activities along the Silk Road over many centuries facilitated the transmission not just of goods but also ideas and culture, notably in the area of religions. Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Buddhism, Christianity, Manichaeism, and Islam all spread across Eurasia through trade networks that were tied to specific religious communities and their institutions. Notably, established Buddhist monasteries along the Silk Road offered a haven, as well as a new religion for foreigners. The spread of religions and cultural traditions along the Silk Roads, according to Jerry H. Bentley, also led to syncretism. One example was the encounter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12405577", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road\"\nthat spread across Asia via the Silk Road. The Buddhist movement was the first large-scale missionary movement in the history of world religions. Chinese missionaries were able to assimilate Buddhism, to an extent, to native Chinese Daoists, which brought the two beliefs together. Buddha's community of followers, the Sangha, consisted of male and female monks and laity. These people moved through India and beyond to spread the ideas of Buddha. As the number of members within the Sangha increased, it became costly so that only the larger cities were able to afford having the Buddha and his disciples visit. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12665228", "chunk_text": "\"Religion in China\"\nof human groups, concepts of civility, culture heroes, many of whom feature in Chinese mythology and history. Confucian philosophy and religious practice began their long evolution during the later Zhou; Taoist institutionalised religions developed by the Han dynasty; Chinese Buddhism became widely popular by the Tang dynasty, and in response Confucian thinkers developed Neo-Confucian philosophies; and popular movements of salvation and local cults thrived. Christianity and Islam arrived in China in the 7th century. Christianity did not take root until it was reintroduced in the 16th century by Jesuit missionaries. In the early 20th century Christian communities grew, but after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13065097", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road transmission of Buddhism\"\n– 220 CE) with the establishment by Alexander the Great of a system of Hellenistic kingdoms (323 BC - 63 BC) and trade networks extending from the Mediterranean to modern Afghanistan and Tajikistan on the borders of China. The powerful Greco-Bactrian Kingdoms (250 BC-125 BC) in Afghanistan and the later Indo-Greek Kingdoms (180 BC - 10 CE) practiced Greco-Buddhism and formed the first stop on the Silk Road, after China, for nearly 300 years. See Dayuan (\"\"Ta-yuan\"\"; ; literarily \"\"Great Ionians\"\"). The transmission of Buddhism to China via the Silk Road started in the 1st century CE with a semi-legendary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11013791", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of the Han dynasty\"\nbased upon Yü Ying-shih's \"\"Han Foreign Relations\"\" (1986), the gifts consisted only silk after 51 BC, and the Xiongnu leader's political submission was guaranteed only for as long as the Han could provide him with ever-greater amounts of imperial largesse of silk with each succeeding visit to the Chinese court. The establishment of the Silk Road occurred during Wu's reign, owing to the efforts of the diplomat Zhang Qian. The increased demand for silk from the Roman Empire stimulated commercial traffic in both Central Asia and across the Indian Ocean. Roman merchants sailed to Barbarikon near present-day Karachi, Pakistan, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10388857", "chunk_text": "\"History of Islam in China\"\nChina through the silk road and the overseas route through the port of Quanzhou. Not all of the immigrants were Muslims, but many of those who stayed formed the basis of the Chinese Muslim population and the Hui ethnic group. The Persian immigrants introduced polo, their cuisine, their musical instruments, and their knowledge of medicine to China. Many Muslims went to China to trade, and these Muslims began to have a great economic impact and influence on the country. During the Song Dynasty (960-1279), Muslims in China dominated foreign trade and the import/export industry to the south and west. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19894755", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Han dynasty\"\nheqin. This agreement was broken when Emperor Wu of Han (r. 141–87 BCE) launched a series of military campaigns which eventually caused the fissure of the Xiongnu Federation and redefined the borders of China. The Han realm was expanded into the Hexi Corridor of modern Gansu province, the Tarim Basin of modern Xinjiang, modern Yunnan and Hainan, modern northern Vietnam, modern North Korea, and southern Outer Mongolia. The Han court established trade and tributary relations with rulers as far west as the Arsacids, to whose court at Ctesiphon in Mesopotamia the Han monarchs sent envoys. Buddhism first entered China during", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13065098", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road transmission of Buddhism\"\naccount of an embassy sent to the West by the Chinese Emperor Ming (58–75 CE): Extensive contacts however started in the 2nd century CE, probably as a consequence of the expansion of the Greco-Buddhist Kushan Empire into the Chinese territory of the Tarim Basin, with the missionary efforts of a great number of Central Asian Buddhist monks to Chinese lands. The first missionaries and translators of Buddhists scriptures into Chinese were either Parthian, Kushan, Sogdian or Kuchean. In the middle of the 2nd century, the Kushan empire under king Kaniṣka from its capital at Purushapura (modern Peshawar), India expanded into", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12666953", "chunk_text": "\"Religion in China\"\na century later, in the years 878–879, Chinese rebels fatally targeted the Arab community in the Guangzhou massacre. Yet, Muslims virtually came to dominate the import and export industry by the Song dynasty (960–1279). The office of Director General of Shipping was consistently held by a Muslim. Immigration increased during the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), when hundreds of thousands of Muslims were relocated throughout China for their administrative skills. A Muslim, Yeheidie'erding, led the construction project of the Yuan capital of Khanbaliq, in present-day Beijing. During the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), Muslims continued to have an influence among the high classes. Zhu", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7801198", "chunk_text": "\"Sui dynasty\"\nSui, which was adopted by Tang with little initial change other than at the top of the political hierarchy. Other cultural developments of the Sui dynasty included religion and literature, particular examples being Buddhism and poetry. Rituals and sacrifices were conducted by the Sui. Buddhism was popular during the Sixteen Kingdoms and Northern and Southern dynasties period that preceded the Sui dynasty, spreading from India through Kushan Afghanistan into China during the Late Han period. Buddhism gained prominence during the period when central political control was limited. Buddhism created a unifying cultural force that uplifted the people out of war", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12665261", "chunk_text": "\"Religion in China\"\nCelestial Masters\"\", or 正一道 \"\"Zhèngyīdào\"\", \"\"Way of the Orthodox Unity\"\"). Zhang Lu died in 216 or 217, and between 215 and 219 the people of Hanzhong were gradually dispersed northwards, implanting Celestial Masters' Taoism in other parts of the empire. Buddhism was introduced during the latter Han dynasty, and first mentioned in 65 CE. Liu Ying, a half brother of Emperor Ming of Han (57–75 CE) was one of the earliest Chinese adherents, at a time when the imported religion interacted with Huang-Lao proto-Taoism. China's earliest known Buddhist temple, the White Horse Temple, was established outside the walls of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6932307", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Route Museum\"\nSilk Route Museum The Silk Route Museum () is located in Jiuquan, Gansu Province along the Silk Road, a trading route connecting Rome to China, used by Marco Polo. It is also built over the tomb of the Xiliang King in Gansu Province. Founded by Mei Ping Wu and staffed by volunteers, the museum is dedicated to the fostering of an enhanced understanding between East and West. The museum opened in October 2009and is dedicated to the history of the ancient Silk Road. The museum holds in trust a collection of rare and historical artifacts dating to the time of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12167275", "chunk_text": "\"Early western influence in Fujian\"\ndonations for the Sufi congregation of the Shrine of Abu Es’hã q-e Kã zeruni in Kã zerun, Iran. During the period of the Mongol Yuan dynasty, China was open for trade and foreign intercourse of all kinds, including religious tolerance. The Jesuits were most successful in introducing Christianity, but the inroads made and the accumulated trust that might just have encouraged trade were lost when the Pope decided to undo a couple of hundred years of the work of his missionaries by countermanding their acceptance of ancestor respect (worship?). The Mongol empire fell and China officially closed its doors to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12709770", "chunk_text": "\"Southward expansion of the Han dynasty\"\nBurmese kingdom in 120. A kingdom referred to in the \"\"Book of Han\"\" as Huangzhi delivered a rhinoceros in 2 as a tribute. An Indian embassy arrived in China between 89 and 105. Roman merchants from the province of Syria visited Nanyue in 166, Nanjing in 226, and Luoyang in 284. Foreign products have been found at archaeological sites excavating tombs in southern China. Originating with the overseas demand for Chinese silk, the ancient Silk Road trade routes were responsible for the transmission of goods and services as well as ideas between ancient Europe, the Near East, and China. Southward", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13065107", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road transmission of Buddhism\"\ncentury CE in the Tarim Basin, modern Xinjiang. Serindian art often derives from the Greco-Buddhist art of the Gandhāra district of what is now Afghanistan and Pakistan, combining Indian and Greek influences. Highly sinicized forms of this syncretism can also be found on the eastern portions of the Tarim Basin, such as in Dunhuang. Silk Road artistic influences can be found as far as Japan to this day, in architectural motifs or representations of Japanese gods (see Greco-Buddhist art). The (5th century) \"\"Book of the Later Han\"\", compiled by Fan Ye (398-446 CE), documented early Chinese Buddhism. This history records", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5484855", "chunk_text": "\"Religion in China\"\nand a large amount of the population in Ningxia and Qinghai. Of China's recognised ethnic minorities, ten groups are traditionally Islamic. Accurate statistics on China's Muslim population are hard to find; various surveys found that they constitute 1–2% of the population of China, or between 20 and 30 million people. In the 2010s they were served by 35,000 to 45,000 mosques, 40,000 to 50,000 imams (\"\"ahong\"\"), and 10 Quranic institutions. Judaism (犹太教 \"\"Yóutàijiào\"\") was introduced during the Tang dynasty (618-907) or earlier, by small groups of Jews settled in China. The most prominent early community were the so-called Kaifeng Jews,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12405533", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road\"\nglassware, perfumes, and silk. Roman artisans began to replace yarn with valuable plain silk cloths from China and the Silla Kingdom in Gyeongju, Korea. Chinese wealth grew as they delivered silk and other luxury goods to the Roman Empire, whose wealthy women admired their beauty. The Roman Senate issued, in vain, several edicts to prohibit the wearing of silk, on economic and moral grounds: the import of Chinese silk caused a huge outflow of gold, and silk clothes were considered decadent and immoral. The West Roman Empire, and its demand for sophisticated Asian products, crumbled in the West around the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12666940", "chunk_text": "\"Religion in China\"\nlate imperial period, during the Qing dynasty, and although it has remained a minority religion in China, it influenced late imperial history. Waves of missionaries came to China in the Qing period as a result of contact with foreign powers. Russian Orthodoxy was introduced in 1715, and Protestant missions began entering China in 1807. The pace of missionary activity increased considerably after the First Opium War in 1842. Christian missionaries and their schools, under the protection of the Western powers, went on to play a major role in the Westernisation of China in the 19th and 20th centuries. The Taiping", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8487027", "chunk_text": "\"Foreign relations of imperial China\"\nattempts were made at reaching the Roman Empire and although the mission led by Gan Ying in 97 AD was a failure, Chinese historical records nevertheless maintain that the Romans traveled to southern China and Vietnam via the Indian Ocean. Buddhism from India was introduced to China during the Eastern Han period and would spread to neighboring Vietnam, Korea, and Japan, all of which would adopt similar Confucian cultures based on the Chinese model. Following the fall of Sasanian Persia to the Rashidun Caliphate, Chinese contacts with the Islamic world were initiated during the Tang Dynasty. Foreign faiths entered China", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1237704", "chunk_text": "\"Jesuit China missions\"\nand the East already dated back hundreds of years, especially between the Papacy and the Mongol Empire in the 13th century. Numerous traders – most famously Marco Polo – had traveled between eastern and western Eurasia. Christianity was not new to the Mongols, as many had practiced Christianity of the Church of the East since the 7th century (see Christianity among the Mongols). However, the overthrow of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty by the Ming in 1368 resulted in a strong assimilatory pressure on China's Muslim, Jewish, and Christian communities, and outside influences were forced out of China. By the 16th", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13206074", "chunk_text": "\"History of Islam in China\"\ninitiation of Islam as early as 616/17 by earlier visits of \"\"Sahabas\"\". While modern historians tend to argue that there is no evidence for Waqqās himself ever coming to China, they do believe that Muslim diplomats and merchants arrived in Tang China within a few decades from the beginning of Middle Ages (Hijra). The Tang Dynasty's cosmopolitan culture, with its intensive contacts with Central Asia and its significant communities of (originally non-Muslim) Central and Western Asian merchants resident in Chinese cities, which helped the introduction of Islam. Arab people are first noted in Chinese written records, under the name \"\"Ta", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12405579", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road\"\nSilk Road was displacement and conflict. The Greek Seleucids were exiled to Iran and Central Asia because of a new Iranian dynasty called the Parthians at the beginning of the 2nd century BCE, and as a result the Parthians became the new middle men for trade in a period when the Romans were major customers for silk. Parthian scholars were involved in one of the first ever Buddhist text translations into the Chinese language. Its main trade centre on the Silk Road, the city of Merv, in due course and with the coming of age of Buddhism in China, became", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12666939", "chunk_text": "\"Religion in China\"\nin the 16th century, Jesuits arrived in Beijing via Guangzhou. The most famous amongst them was Matteo Ricci, an Italian mathematician who came to China in 1588 and lived in Beijing. Ricci was welcomed at the imperial court and introduced Western learning into China. The Jesuits followed a policy of adaptation of Catholicism to traditional Chinese religious practices, especially ancestor worship. However, such practices were eventually condemned as polytheistic idolatry by the popes Clement XI, Clement XII and Benedict XIV. Roman Catholic missions struggled in obscurity for decades afterwards. Christianity began to take root in a significant way in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18367298", "chunk_text": "\"Chinese Buddhism\"\nvery ancient times. Nonetheless, the scholarly consensus is that Buddhism first came to China in the first century CE during the Han dynasty, through missionaries from India. Generations of scholars have debated whether Buddhist missionaries first reached Han China via the maritime or overland routes of the Silk Road. The maritime route hypothesis, favored by Liang Qichao and Paul Pelliot, proposed that Buddhism was originally practiced in southern China, the Yangtze River and Huai River region, where prince Ying of Chu (present day Jiangsu) was jointly worshipping the Yellow Emperor, Laozi, and Buddha in 65 CE. The overland route hypothesis,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10023683", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road transmission of Buddhism\"\na \"\"golden man\"\" Buddha. While \"\"The Kingdom of Tianzhu\"\" section (above) recorded his famous dream, the \"\"Annals of Emperor Ming\"\" history did not. Apocryphal texts give divergent accounts about the imperial envoys sent to India, their return with two Buddhist monks, Sanskrit sutras (including \"\"Sutra of Forty-two Chapters\"\") carried by white horses, and establishing the White Horse Temple. Since the \"\"Book of Later Han\"\" present two accounts of how Buddhism entered Han China, generations of scholars have debated whether monks first arrived via the maritime or overland routes of the Silk Road. The maritime route hypothesis, favored by Liang Qichao", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12405583", "chunk_text": "\"Silk Road\"\nwealth.\"\" It also stressed getting rid of material desire to a certain point; this was often difficult for followers to understand. During the 5th and 6th centuries CE, merchants played a large role in the spread of religion, in particular Buddhism. Merchants found the moral and ethical teachings of Buddhism an appealing alternative to previous religions. As a result, merchants supported Buddhist monasteries along the Silk Road, and in return the Buddhists gave the merchants somewhere to stay as they traveled from city to city. As a result, merchants spread Buddhism to foreign encounters as they traveled. Merchants also helped", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3366	who sang the song one of these nights?	n/a	[ "American rock band Eagles", "the American rock band Eagles", "Eagles" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8820014", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights (song)\"\nOne of These Nights (song) \"\"One of These Nights\"\" is a song written by Don Henley and Glenn Frey and recorded by the American rock band Eagles. The title track from their \"\"One of These Nights\"\" album, the song became their second single to top the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart after \"\"Best of My Love\"\" and also helped propel the album to number one. The single version was shortened from the album version of the song, removing most of the song's intro and most of its fade-out, as well. Henley is lead vocalist on the verses, while Randy Meisner sings", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18928089", "chunk_text": "\"One of Those Nights (Tim McGraw song)\"\nOne of Those Nights (Tim McGraw song) \"\"One of Those Nights\"\" is a song written by Luke Laird, Rodney Clawson, and Chris Tompkins and recorded by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released in November 2012 as the second single from his 2013 album \"\"Two Lanes of Freedom\"\" and his second one from Big Machine Records. Billy Dukes of \"\"Taste of Country\"\" gave the song three stars out of five, writing that \"\"McGraw certainly sounds refreshed on this new song from a new record label partner, but much like songs late in his career with Curb, it feels", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13047527", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights (Red Velvet song)\"\nOne of These Nights (Red Velvet song) \"\"One of These Nights\"\" () is a song recorded by South Korean girl group Red Velvet. Composed by Hwang Chan-hee, Andreas Öberg, Maria Marcus and penned by Seo Ji-eum of Jam Factory, it was released as the lead single from their second extended play, \"\"The Velvet\"\", which is also the group's first major release to focus on the 'Velvet' half of their unique dual concept, as a follow-up to their last album, \"\"The Red\"\". \"\"One of These Nights\"\" is an R&B-Ballad inspired by the story of Jiknyeo and Gyeonwu, a folk tale conceived", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2451361", "chunk_text": "\"It's One of Those Nights (Yes Love)\"\nIt's One of Those Nights (Yes Love) \"\"It's One of Those Nights (Yes Love)\"\" is a song written by Tony Romeo and was recorded by The Partridge Family for their 1972 album, \"\"Shopping Bag\"\". The song went to number 2 on the Adult Contemporary chart and reached number 20 on The Billboard Hot 100 in 1972 . The song went to number 9 in Canada in January 1972, number 11 in the United Kingdom in February of the year, and number 25 in Australia in March 1972. The B-side to the single was \"\"One Night Stand\"\" written by Paul Anka", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2598936", "chunk_text": "\"One of Those Nights (Juicy J song)\"\nOne of Those Nights (Juicy J song) \"\"One of Those Nights\"\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Juicy J. It was released on March 11, 2013, intended as the third official single from his third solo studio album \"\"Stay Trippy\"\" but it was subsequently removed from the final track list (appearing in the later released deluxe edition). The song features a guest appearance from Canadian singer The Weeknd, who co-produced it with Danny Boy Styles. On February 16, 2013, it was announced that the third single from his album \"\"Stay Trippy\"\" was to be \"\"One Of Those", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7151353", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights\"\nOne of These Nights One of These Nights is the fourth studio album by the Eagles, released in 1975. The record would become the Eagles' first number one album on \"\"Billboard\"\"s album chart in July that year, and yielded three Top 10 singles, \"\"One of These Nights\"\", \"\"Lyin' Eyes\"\" and \"\"Take It to the Limit\"\". Its title song is the group's second number one single on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. The album sold four million copies and was nominated for Grammy Album of the Year. A single from the album, \"\"Lyin' Eyes\"\", was also nominated for Record of the Year,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3970879", "chunk_text": "\"One of Those Nights (Bucks Fizz song)\"\nOne of Those Nights (Bucks Fizz song) \"\"One of Those Nights\"\" is a 1981 single by UK pop group Bucks Fizz. Written by Steve Glen, Mike Burns and Dave Most, it was the group's third single and their third UK top 20 hit. The song was released in August 1981 and was the group's third single, following on from their win at the Eurovision Song Contest earlier in the year. The single reached No.20 in the UK Charts and remained in the top 75 for 10 weeks. \"\"One of Those Nights\"\" featured on the group's debut album, \"\"Bucks Fizz\"\", which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17536638", "chunk_text": "\"One of Those Nights (Tim McGraw song)\"\nNights\"\" debuted at number 29 on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs chart for the week of November 17, 2012. It also debuted at number 96 on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart for the week of December 15, 2012. It also debuted at number 77 on the Canadian Hot 100 chart for the week of November 17, 2012. On the chart dated March 9, 2013, it became McGraw's first number one since \"\"Felt Good on My Lips\"\" in January 2011. One of Those Nights (Tim McGraw song) \"\"One of Those Nights\"\" is a song written by Luke Laird, Rodney", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4515817", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights\"\nbegan working on their fourth album in late 1974. Glenn Frey and Don Henley wrote four of the nine songs by themselves, and they also collaborated with other members of the band on three other songs. Many of the songs were written while Frey and Henley were sharing a house in Beverly Hills, including \"\"One of These Nights\"\", \"\"Lyin' Eyes\"\", \"\"Take It To The Limit\"\" and \"\"After The Thrill Is Gone\"\". In an interview with Cameron Crowe, Henley joked that it was their \"\"satanic country-rock period\"\" because \"\"it was a dark time, both politically and musically\"\" in America, referring to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2451362", "chunk_text": "\"It's One of Those Nights (Yes Love)\"\nand Wes Farrell. \"\"It's One of Those Nights\"\" was very popular in Chicago, where it reached number seven on the WLS survey. It's One of Those Nights (Yes Love) \"\"It's One of Those Nights (Yes Love)\"\" is a song written by Tony Romeo and was recorded by The Partridge Family for their 1972 album, \"\"Shopping Bag\"\". The song went to number 2 on the Adult Contemporary chart and reached number 20 on The Billboard Hot 100 in 1972 . The song went to number 9 in Canada in January 1972, number 11 in the United Kingdom in February of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13047538", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights (Red Velvet song)\"\nbrash and bombastic\"\". The song was fairly successful domestically. It peaked at #10 on the Gaon Digital Chart and sold over 229,350 digital units within its first month of release. \"\"One of These Nights\"\" was the third most viewed K-pop music video in America and fifth worldwide for the month of March in 2016. The song's parent album \"\"The Velvet\"\" included three remixes of the song, which are the De-Capo version, the Joe Millionaire version and the piano version. One of These Nights (Red Velvet song) \"\"One of These Nights\"\" () is a song recorded by South Korean girl group", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8820015", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights (song)\"\nhigh harmony (not lead) on the refrain. The song features a guitar solo by Don Felder that is \"\"composed of blues-based licks and sustained string bends using an unusually meaty distortion tone.\"\" The song was a conscious attempt by the band to write something different from a country-rock and ballad-type song. Don Henley said: \"\"We like to be a nice little country-rock band from Los Angeles ... about half the time.\"\" He added: \"\"We wanted to get away from the ballad syndrome with \"\"One of These Nights.\"\" With Don Felder in the band now, we can really rock.\"\" Frey said", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18482985", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights\"\nkeep the band together.\"\" According to Henley, he and Frey were aware of B.B. King's song \"\"The Thrill Is Gone\"\", and wrote the song to explore the aftermath: \"\"We know that the thrill is gone – so, now what?\"\" The cover for the album is an image of an artwork by Boyd Elder, also known as \"\"El Chingadero\"\". Elder created artwork of painted skulls in the early 1970s, and pieces of his work, titled \"\"American Fetish\"\", were exhibited in an art gallery in Venice, California in 1972. Among those who attended the opening were members of the Eagles who performed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8820018", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights (song)\"\nhouse.' We all have our dreams – a vision we hope will come true someday. When that 'someday' will come is up to each of us.\"\" On the recording, Frey said: \"\"We cut the basic track in Miami in December at Criteria Studios. We took it to L.A., put all the drone guitars and Felder's solo on in L.A., and went back to Miami to put the vocals on in March.\"\" The B-side, \"\"Visions\"\", features lead vocals by guitarist Don Felder, the only Eagles song to do so. One of These Nights (song) \"\"One of These Nights\"\" is a song", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2598939", "chunk_text": "\"One of Those Nights (Juicy J song)\"\nHey, when you've picked a theme and found like-minded friends, you might as well run with it.\"\" \"\"Billboard\"\" complemented the video stating: \"\"Instead of delivering what feels like today's typical rap video (women twerking in the club as rappers drop bills and sip on the alcohol they've recently co-signed), Juicy J gives fans a quick storyline to delve into in the video for his The Weeknd-assisted \"\"One Of Those Nights.\"\" One of Those Nights (Juicy J song) \"\"One of Those Nights\"\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Juicy J. It was released on March 11, 2013, intended", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4515816", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights\"\nand won the Eagles' first Grammy for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals. \"\"One of These Nights\"\" is the last Eagles album to feature guitarist Bernie Leadon, who left the band after the \"\"One Of These Nights\"\" tour and was replaced by Joe Walsh. The seventh track, \"\"Visions\"\", is the only Eagles song on which lead guitarist Don Felder sang the lead vocals, despite his desire to write and sing more songs. The album was the band's commercial breakthrough, transforming them into international superstars. They went on a worldwide tour to promote the album. The Eagles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7151368", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights\"\non the US Billboard 200 chart at number 25 the week of its release, and climbed to number one in its fourth week on the chart, where it then stayed the next four weeks. It is the first of the four consecutive number one albums by the Eagles. The album was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), signifying shipment of over four million copies in the United States. Eagles Additional personnel Production One of These Nights One of These Nights is the fourth studio album by the Eagles, released in 1975. The record would become", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1979670", "chunk_text": "\"One Night (Elvis Presley song)\"\nOne Night (Elvis Presley song) \"\"One Night\"\" is a song written by Dave Bartholomew, Pearl King, and Anita Steinman. It was an R&B hit for Smiley Lewis in 1956, before being recorded with greater commercial success by Elvis Presley in 1959. The original recording of the song by Smiley Lewis, for Imperial Records, is sometimes titled \"\"One Night of Sin\"\", in line with the original lyrics. The single reached No.11 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" R&B chart in early 1956. Presley recorded a version of the song with its original lyrics on January 18, 1957, but this version would not be released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8820016", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights (song)\"\nthat they \"\"wanted 'One of These Nights' to have a lot of teeth, a lot of bite—a nasty track with pretty vocals.\"\" The writing was influence by R&B music and disco; according to Frey, he was listening to Spinners and Al Green records when he started writing the song. Frey started the writing process by composing the music, and Henley then started with the lyrics. Frey said: \"\"I just went over to the piano and I started playing this little minor descending progression, and he comes over and goes, 'One of these nights'.\"\" After that, Frey said: \"\"What usually happens", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18482984", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights\"\nthen-girlfriend Patti Davis, daughter of Republican then-Governor of California Ronald Reagan. Nancy Reagan had already disowned Patti during this period, ostensibly because of her choice to live together with Leadon as an \"\"unmarried couple\"\". Years later Don Henley would disparage this song as an Eagles release, describing it as “smarmy cocktail music and certainly not something the Eagles are proud of”. Henley was also annoyed that Davis was given cowriting credit, and told a reporter: \"\"Nobody else wanted [the song]. We didn't feel it was up to the band's standards, but we put it on anyway as a gesture to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3970880", "chunk_text": "\"One of Those Nights (Bucks Fizz song)\"\nwas released two weeks earlier. In the US and Canada, the song was included on their debut release there in 1982. \"\"The Montreal Gazette\"\" singled this song out for praise calling it \"\"stunning\"\" and commended its use of \"\"full four-part harmony as its main theme\"\". In 2015 Music-News.com said that it was \"\"classy\"\". David Van Day of the pop duo, Dollar stated that they were offered the song some months earlier, but declined it. In a curious twist, Dollar were at No.19, while this song was at No.20 in the charts. The song centres around a man who is pining", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18482983", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights\"\nand (re-recorded once again) for the film produced by Disney/Touchstone in 2005. The original version from \"\"One of These Nights\"\" was used for all original transmissions of all five radio series. The TV adaptation of the series, and also an additional version released on LP record, used an arrangement by Tim Souster. The CD releases of radio series transmitted in 2004 and 2005 used another version arranged by Philip Pope, and recorded by a tribute band The Illegal Eagles, and the 2005 film used a version by Joby Talbot. “I Wish You Peace” was written by Bernie Leadon and his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18482981", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights\"\nto do more than he did, it was because if someone had a strong suit he would play that card. 'You sing this, you sing it better,' that kind of thing.\"\" Randy Meisner sings lead on two songs, one of which, \"\"Take it to the Limit\"\", a composition he co-wrote with Frey and Henley, was released as the third single from the album. It is the only Eagles single on which Meisner sings lead. \"\"One of These Nights\"\", \"\"Lyin' Eyes\"\", and \"\"Take It to the Limit\"\" were released as singles (information on the songs may be found in their respective", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18340253", "chunk_text": "\"One of Those Days\"\nOne of Those Days \"\"One of Those Days\"\" is a song by American recording artist Whitney Houston, from her fifth studio album \"\"Just Whitney\"\" (2002). Written by Kevin Briggs, Dwight Renolds, Patrice Stewart, Ernest Isley, Marvin Isley, Christopher Jasper, Kelly Isley, Ronald Isley, and Rudolph Isley, and produced by Briggs, the song was released as the second single from the album, following the under-performance of the lead single \"\"Whatchulookinat\"\", on October 29, 2002 through Arista Records. A mid-tempo R&B track, \"\"One of Those Days\"\" samples The Isley Brothers' song \"\"Between the Sheets\"\" (1983), and its lyrics speak about getting away", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3970881", "chunk_text": "\"One of Those Nights (Bucks Fizz song)\"\nfor a former lover who has left him, despite him doing everything he could to please her. \"\"One of Those Nights\"\" was a change of pace for the group, after two upbeat singles, this one was more slow-paced and dramatic. Its lead vocal was performed by member Bobby G. Unlike their other releases, the group didn't record a Promotional Video for this single. A demo version of this song was released on the 2008 album, \"\"The Lost Masters 2 - The Final Cut\"\". One of Those Nights (Bucks Fizz song) \"\"One of Those Nights\"\" is a 1981 single by UK", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2598937", "chunk_text": "\"One of Those Nights (Juicy J song)\"\nNights\"\", featuring Canadian singer The Weeknd. On June 20, 2013, the music video was released. The video was directed by Sim Pilling. The video begins with The Weeknd sitting in a bar table next to three girls as they are drinking and smoking together. Juicy J appears to be talking to a bartender at the front table on the same bar. A gunman wearing a mask comes running in and robs the bar. He hits one of the customers with the gun in the head while going around collecting everyone's money. When the gunman comes around to The Weeknd, he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2834582", "chunk_text": "\"One Night (Elvis Presley song)\"\nbe issued on 78 RPM records in the United States. On 12 February 1959, it became the first song to reach No. 1 on the Irish Music Charts Top 10, when they were being printed in the Evening Herald. It spent one week at the top spot. Rock critic Pete Johnson observed that the song contains a triple negative with the lyrics \"\"I ain't never did no wrong\"\". One Night (Elvis Presley song) \"\"One Night\"\" is a song written by Dave Bartholomew, Pearl King, and Anita Steinman. It was an R&B hit for Smiley Lewis in 1956, before being recorded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17927356", "chunk_text": "\"One of Those Days\"\nThe performance aired on \"\"Good Morning America\"\" the next day. Credits for \"\"One of Those Days\"\" are adapted from \"\"Just Whitney\"\" liner notes. One of Those Days \"\"One of Those Days\"\" is a song by American recording artist Whitney Houston, from her fifth studio album \"\"Just Whitney\"\" (2002). Written by Kevin Briggs, Dwight Renolds, Patrice Stewart, Ernest Isley, Marvin Isley, Christopher Jasper, Kelly Isley, Ronald Isley, and Rudolph Isley, and produced by Briggs, the song was released as the second single from the album, following the under-performance of the lead single \"\"Whatchulookinat\"\", on October 29, 2002 through Arista Records. A", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8625655", "chunk_text": "\"One Wild Night\"\nOne Wild Night \"\"One Wild Night\"\" is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi. It was released on April 30, 2001 as a single from their 2001 live album, \"\"One Wild Night Live 1985–2001\"\". It was written by Jon Bon Jovi and Richie Sambora, and produced by Sambora, Luke Ebbin and Desmond Child. The song was originally released on \"\"Crush\"\" but a new second version appeared on their live album, \"\"One Wild Night Live 1985–2001\"\", and a compilation album, \"\"\"\" and this version was released as a single and featured a music video. The song title has been used", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11672693", "chunk_text": "\"Such a Night\"\nSuch a Night \"\"Such a Night\"\" is a popular song from 1953, written by Lincoln Chase and first recorded by The Drifters. The Drifters, featuring Clyde McPhatter, recorded the song in November 1953, and Atlantic Records released it in January 1954 as the intended B-side of the McPhatter-penned \"\"Lucille\"\", which was recorded by an early version of the group. Despite being banned by some radio stations as too \"\"racy\"\", it reached number 2 on the American R&B chart in 1954. The song also became a hit single for Johnnie Ray, whose cover version reached No. 1 in the UK Singles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2977783", "chunk_text": "\"One Night of Sin\"\nOne Night of Sin One Night of Sin is the twelfth studio album by English singer Joe Cocker, released by Capitol Records in June 1989. It contains the hit single \"\"When The Night Comes\"\" (US #11), which was Cocker's last US Top 40 hit. The song is also notable because it was written by Bryan Adams and Jim Vallance. In addition, the former plays rhythm guitar on the song. Other notable songs on the album include a cover of \"\"One Night\"\" (here as \"\"One Night of Sin\"\"), a #1 hit by Elvis Presley from 1958, and \"\"I'm Your Man\"\" by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8820017", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights (song)\"\nis when we get the thing fused together, he gets involved in the music and I get involved in the lyrics.\"\" While they were recording the album in Miami, the band also shared a studio with the Bee Gees, and according to Henley, the \"\"four-on-the-floor\"\" bass-drum pattern is a nod to disco. In the liner notes of \"\"The Very Best Of\"\", Frey had this to say about the song: Frey also said that the song is about putting things off. \"\"We've all said, 'One of these nights I'm gonna do something -- get that girl, make that money, find that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12664902", "chunk_text": "\"One More Saturday Night (song)\"\nOne More Saturday Night (song) \"\"One More Saturday Night\"\" is a song written by Bob Weir and performed by the Grateful Dead, of which he was a member. The song had been performed in concert by the Grateful Dead starting in 1971, but it first appeared on record on Weir's debut solo album \"\"Ace\"\" in 1972. It subsequently appeared on several Grateful Dead live albums. Weir is credited with writing \"\"One More Saturday Night\"\", although there is evidence that the song was originally written with Robert Hunter, with different lyrics. Weir wanted to call his version \"\"US Blues\"\", but Hunter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7238319", "chunk_text": "\"On a Night Like This (Bob Dylan song)\"\nthe last night of Late Night with Jimmy Fallon. On a Night Like This (Bob Dylan song) \"\"On a Night Like This\"\" is a song written by Bob Dylan and recorded in November 1973. It first appeared on Dylan's 14th studio album, \"\"Planet Waves\"\", as the opening track. It was also released as the lead single from the album and reached #44 on the \"\"Billboard Hot 100\"\" The song later appeared on several Dylan compilation albums including \"\"Biograph\"\", in 1985, and \"\"Dylan\"\" (three-disc version), in 2007. According to Dylan, \"\"On a Night Like This\"\" was not a typical song for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7238316", "chunk_text": "\"On a Night Like This (Bob Dylan song)\"\nOn a Night Like This (Bob Dylan song) \"\"On a Night Like This\"\" is a song written by Bob Dylan and recorded in November 1973. It first appeared on Dylan's 14th studio album, \"\"Planet Waves\"\", as the opening track. It was also released as the lead single from the album and reached #44 on the \"\"Billboard Hot 100\"\" The song later appeared on several Dylan compilation albums including \"\"Biograph\"\", in 1985, and \"\"Dylan\"\" (three-disc version), in 2007. According to Dylan, \"\"On a Night Like This\"\" was not a typical song for him to write, saying that it \"\"comes off as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7151356", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights\"\nthe turmoil in Washington and disco music starting to take off. He added: \"\"We thought, \"\"Well, how can we write something with that flavor, with that kind of beat, and still have the dangerous guitars?” We wanted to capture the spirit of the times.\"\" Frey said that \"\"\"\"One Of These Nights\"\" was the most fluid and 'painless' album [they] ever made\"\", and thought that the quality of the songs he wrote with Henley had improved dramatically. However, Leadon was becoming increasingly unhappy during the making of the album. He wrote three of the nine songs, none of which was released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14621797", "chunk_text": "\"One Summer Night\"\nOne Summer Night \"\"One Summer Night\"\" is a song by American doo-wop group the Danleers. Their one big hit single (and their debut single), \"\"One Summer Night\"\" reached number four on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Black Singles chart, and number seven on the Best Selling Pop Singles in Stores chart in 1958. The single sold over one million copies. The song was written by the' manager and main songwriter, Danny Webb, and was recorded during their first recording session. The song was first released on the AMP 3 label in May 1958 (erroneously listed as \"\"the Dandleers\"\"), quickly becoming a regional hit.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17870462", "chunk_text": "\"Bucks Fizz (album)\"\nBucks Fizz (album) Bucks Fizz is the eponymous debut studio album by the British pop group Bucks Fizz. It was released on 26 July 1981, it features their Eurovision-winning song \"\"Making Your Mind Up\"\" as well as the two follow-up singles \"\"Piece of the Action\"\" and \"\"One of Those Nights\"\". The album was produced by Andy Hill and released on RCA Records. \"\"Bucks Fizz\"\" has been re-released twice on CD, first in 2004 with bonus tracks and as a two-disc edition in 2015. In late 1980, songwriter Andy Hill and his partner Nichola Martin came up with a song that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18482989", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights\"\nseveral subsequent albums. This is the second album by the Eagles to have a Quadraphonic surround sound pressing. It was released on Quadraphonic 8-track tape and CD-4 LP. Stephen Holden of \"\"Rolling Stone\"\", in an early review of the album, expressed a liking for the album but did not consider it a great album. He thought the band's ensemble playing \"\"unprecedentedly excellent\"\" but they \"\"lack an outstanding singer\"\", and that while \"\"many of their tunes are pretty, none are eloquent.\"\" He added: \"\"And for all their worldly perceptiveness, the Eagles' lyrics never transcend Hollywood slickness. Their hard rock has always", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18928090", "chunk_text": "\"One of Those Nights (Tim McGraw song)\"\nlike an attempt is made to make every moment a huge moment.\"\" Matt Bjorke of \"\"Roughstock\"\" gave the song four stars out of five, calling it \"\"a sweet little song with one of McGraw's most engaging vocals and a well-produced backing track.\"\" Ben Foster of \"\"Country Universe\"\" gave the song a C grade, saying that \"\"a better hook could have compensated to some extent for the generally uninspiring lyrical content, but the way it is, there’s precious little for the listener to grab onto.\"\" The music video was directed by Sherman Halsey and premiered in December 2012. \"\"One of Those", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8625656", "chunk_text": "\"One Wild Night\"\nas a band name by Bon Jovi tribute bands in several countries. Towards the end of the song there is mention of famous singer James Brown. The bit entitles that \"\"If James were here, it would be a hit\"\". Richie Sambora on Bon Jovi TV mimicked this transcript which allows many to believe it is him doing the voice, this has never been confirmed. One Wild Night \"\"One Wild Night\"\" is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi. It was released on April 30, 2001 as a single from their 2001 live album, \"\"One Wild Night Live 1985–2001\"\". It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1666914", "chunk_text": "\"Here Comes the Night\"\nHere Comes the Night \"\"Here Comes the Night\"\" is a 1964 song, written by Bert Berns. It became a hit for Northern Irish band Them, fronted by Van Morrison, in March 1965, charting at No. 2 in the UK and No. 24 in the US. Them's single is listed at either No. 33 or No. 36 in the Top 100 best-selling UK singles during the calendar year 1965, depending on source. The song was originally released as a single in both the UK and the US. by another Decca Records' artiste, Lulu, in November 1964. Lulu's recording charted at No.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18481300", "chunk_text": "\"One More Night (Phil Collins song)\"\nOne More Night (Phil Collins song) \"\"One More Night\"\" is the first single in the United States and second in the United Kingdom from Phil Collins' third album, the Diamond-certified \"\"No Jacket Required\"\". \"\"One More Night\"\" was Phil Collins' second U.S. No. 1 single, following \"\"Against All Odds\"\", and was his fourth single to reach the top ten in the UK, peaking at No. 4 on the singles chart. In the U.S., the single entered the Billboard Hot 100 at number 50 on the chart dated February 9, 1985. It hit number one seven weeks later and remained on top", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5618432", "chunk_text": "\"On a Night Like This\"\nOn a Night Like This \"\"On a Night Like This\"\" is a 2000 song recorded by Australian recording artist Kylie Minogue. It was released on 11 September 2000 by Parlophone as the second single for her seventh studio album, \"\"Light Years\"\" (2000), and distributed in various formats. The track was originally written for Swedish singer Pandora by Steve Torch, Brian Rawling, Graham Stack, and Mark Taylor, while production was handled by the latter two; for unknown reasons, it was handed to Minogue to record. Musically, \"\"On a Night Like This\"\" is a dance-pop song that also incorporates elements of euro", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16260898", "chunk_text": "\"Of the Night\"\nOf the Night \"\"Of the Night\"\" is a song by British indie rock band Bastille, released on 11 October 2013 as the lead single from \"\"All This Bad Blood\"\" (2013), a reissue of their debut studio album \"\"Bad Blood\"\" (2013). The song debuted at number two on the UK Singles Chart, and has also charted in several other countries. The song was covered by Ellie Goulding at BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge. \"\"Of the Night\"\" is a mash up of two 1990s Eurodance songs, the 1993 hit \"\"The Rhythm of the Night\"\" by Italian act Corona and the 1992 hit", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1470571", "chunk_text": "\"The Velvets\"\nThe Velvets The Velvets were an American doo-wop group from Odessa in Ector County in west Texas. The African-American quintet was formed in 1959 by Virgil Johnson, a high-school English teacher, with four of his students. Roy Orbison heard the group and signed them to Monument Records in 1960. Their first release was a tune called \"\"That Lucky Old Sun\"\". Their biggest hit single was \"\"Tonight (Could Be the Night)\"\", which hit #26 on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart in 1961. The follow-up, \"\"Laugh\"\", peaked at #90, and after a half-dozen further singles the group disbanded. Virgil Johnson, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18482980", "chunk_text": "\"One of These Nights\"\nas a single. He was unhappy with the more rock direction of the band that Frey preferred, at one time walking out of a meeting to discuss which take to use after the recording of a rock track. Leadon would leave the band in late 1975, after the album was released. Frey also began to sing less as a lead singer starting with this album, singing solo lead on only one song (\"\"Lyin' Eyes\"\") and sharing lead vocals with Henley on another (\"\"After the Thrill Is Gone\"\"). Henley later said: \"\"[Glenn] was generous in that respect ... If I began", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11672694", "chunk_text": "\"Such a Night\"\nChart in 1954. Ray's version entered the US Cash Box chart on 27 March 1954, peaking at No. 18 two weeks later on 10 April. Elvis Presley also recorded the song and released it on his 1960 album \"\"Elvis Is Back\"\". Presley's version made number 13 in the UK and number 16 in the US, when released as a single in 1964. Aaron Neville released on his \"\"Soulful Christmas\"\" album (1993) Such a Night \"\"Such a Night\"\" is a popular song from 1953, written by Lincoln Chase and first recorded by The Drifters. The Drifters, featuring Clyde McPhatter, recorded the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19977512", "chunk_text": "\"Whisper War\"\nWhisper War Whisper War is the debut studio album by American rock band The Cab. It was released on April 29, 2008 by Fueled By Ramen/Decaydance Records. The album was produced by Patrick Stump, who also provides vocals on \"\"Bounce\"\", \"\"One of Those Nights\"\", \"\"I'm a Wonder\"\" and sings backing vocals on other songs. Lead singer Alexander DeLeon's younger sister, Sophia, is the little girl on the album cover. The record features Brendon Urie of Panic! at the Disco and Patrick Stump of Fall Out Boy on the first single off the album, \"\"One of Those Nights\"\", which was co-written", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1204272", "chunk_text": "\"Matt Cusson\"\nMan in the Mirro tribute tour. Soon after, Cusson received a 2011 Song of the Year nomination from the Oasis Contemporary Jazz Award committee for his composition of \"\"One Of Those Nights\"\". Matt Cusson Matt Cusson is a pop and R&B singer. Born and raised in Pittsfield, Massachusetts to a classical piano teacher and choir director, music of all different genres was introduced to Cusson at an early age. He attended St. Joseph High School and Berkshire Community College. He studied at Berklee College of Music in Boston where he played with John Mayer and Ryan Leslie. In 2000, Cusson", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3367	who won season 16 on dancing with the stars?	n/a	[ "Kellie Pickler", "Derek Hough" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12637867", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 17)\"\nno results show, those scores will be added to the public votes from the previous week, and the couple with the lowest combined score from judges and viewer votes will be eliminated from the competition toward the end of that week’s episode. On November 26, Amber Riley and her partner Derek Hough were crowned the champions, making Riley the first African-American woman to win. Corbin Bleu and Karina Smirnoff became the runners-up, and Jack Osbourne and Cheryl Burke received third place. Hough received his fifth of six mirrorball trophies, a series record for a professional dancer. The cast of twelve", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6733553", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 16)\"\nlearn Paso doble, Jacoby Jones did not learn Samba, Kellie Pickler did not learn Salsa, and Zendaya did not learn Rumba. Each of the four finalists also did not dance one of the two new dance styles introduced this season. Raisman and Zendaya did not dance Jazz while Pickler and Jones did not dance Contemporary (although Pickler danced a Contemporary freestyle in the finals and Raisman did an Afro-Jazz routine picked from Twitter). Pickler and her partner Derek Hough won the competition, marking his fourth of six wins and increasing his lead on the show as the professional dancer who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6733555", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 16)\"\nseason 16 include Chelsie Hightower, Louis van Amstel, Anna Trebunskaya, and Maksim Chmerkovskiy (he eventually returned for season 18 and won). Lindsay Arnold, a contestant from season nine of \"\"So You Think You Can Dance\"\" was introduced as a new professional along with Troupe member Sharna Burgess. Gleb Savchenko, who recently participated as a professional on season twelve of the Australian version, was also announced as a new professional. Witney Carson, also a contestant from season nine of \"\"So You Think You Can Dance\"\", and Julian Tocker joined Oksana Dmytrenko, Henry Byalikov, Emma Slater, and Sasha Farber as the fifth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6040601", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 16)\"\nbonus points in the Prom King and Queen voting, bringing both couples' total scores to 26 each. Couples performed one unlearned dance celebrating the most memorable year of their lives. Each celebrity included a brief solo during their routines. Kyle Jacobs, Kellie Pickler's husband, performed his own song, which he wrote for Kellie. During the results show, Karina Smirnoff and Valentin Chmerkovskiy were revealed to have received the most Twitter votes (hashtag #ProName) on Monday night's performance show. Each couple had to select two other professionals that had either been eliminated, featured in previous seasons, or participated in the troupe.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16449818", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 21)\"\nDancing with the Stars (U.S. season 21) Season twenty-one of the American television competition series \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on September 14, 2015. On November 24, 2015, Bindi Irwin and her partner Derek Hough were crowned champions. Nick Carter and Sharna Burgess finished second, Alek Skarlatos and Lindsay Arnold placed third. This season set records for the total number of perfect scores awarded (23) and the number of stars to receive at least one perfect score with 7 (Bindi Irwin, Nick Carter, Alek Skarlatos, Carlos PenaVega, Tamar Braxton, Alexa PenaVega, and Andy Grammer). Irwin also set a record with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18348071", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 21)\"\nas a guest judge for Famous Dances Night. Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 21) Season twenty-one of the American television competition series \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on September 14, 2015. On November 24, 2015, Bindi Irwin and her partner Derek Hough were crowned champions. Nick Carter and Sharna Burgess finished second, Alek Skarlatos and Lindsay Arnold placed third. This season set records for the total number of perfect scores awarded (23) and the number of stars to receive at least one perfect score with 7 (Bindi Irwin, Nick Carter, Alek Skarlatos, Carlos PenaVega, Tamar Braxton, Alexa PenaVega, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2805053", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 26)\"\nDancing with the Stars (U.S. season 26) Season twenty-six of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\", titled Dancing with the Stars: Athletes, premiered on April 30, 2018, on the ABC network. The four-week season, the shortest ever, features a cast of current and former athletes. This is the first season where more than one couple is eliminated each week. On May 21, 2018, Olympic figure skater Adam Rippon and Jenna Johnson were announced the winners, marking the first win for Johnson. Rippon is the first openly gay winner. NFL player Josh Norman, with Sharna Burgess, and former Olympic Figure Skater Tonya Harding,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7942413", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 15)\"\nSix of the returning finalists, however, had already won the title in prior seasons (Kelly Monaco, Drew Lachey, Emmitt Smith, Apolo Anton Ohno, Helio Castroneves, and Shawn Johnson). Season eight saw the most returning contestants, with 3 out of the 13 contestants coming from that season (Gilles Marini, Shawn Johnson, and Melissa Rycroft). In addition, it was the only season to date to offer fractional (0.5) scores. Five contestants reunited with their original partners, while the other eight danced with new ones. Season eight finalist Melissa Rycroft defeated season eight champion Shawn Johnson and season one champion Kelly Monaco to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12447508", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 16)\"\nDancing with the Stars (U.S. season 16) Season sixteen of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on March 18, 2013. Tom Bergeron and Brooke Burke Charvet returned as hosts, while Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman and Bruno Tonioli returned as judges. The Harold Wheeler orchestra and singers also returned to provide the music throughout the season. Scoring returned to using traditional whole numbers, instead of continuing with the fractional scores introduced for the previous (all-star) season. This is the first season where all finalists did not learn a Latin and a ballroom dance; no finalist learned Tango, Alexandra Raisman did not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7043669", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 23)\"\nDancing with the Stars (U.S. season 23) Season twenty-three of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on September 12, 2016, on the ABC network. On November 23, 2016, Olympic gymnast Laurie Hernandez and Valentin Chmerkovskiy were announced the winner; IndyCar driver James Hinchcliffe and Sharna Burgess placed second, and retired NFL player Calvin Johnson Jr. and Lindsay Arnold placed third. Having won at age 16, Hernandez is currently the youngest winner of the show, surpassing Olympic gymnast Shawn Johnson (season 8). The first eight professional dancers were revealed on \"\"Good Morning America\"\" on August 23, 2016, and have all appeared on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9791196", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 20)\"\nDancing with the Stars (U.S. season 20) Season twenty of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on March 16, 2015, and concluded on May 19, 2015. This season marked the ten-year anniversary of the show. In honor of the anniversary, the winners, Rumer Willis and Valentin Chmerkovskiy (in his first win as a professional), received a special 10th Anniversary golden Mirrorball Trophy. The runners-up were Riker Lynch and Allison Holker, while Noah Galloway and Sharna Burgess came in third. Ten professional partners were revealed on February 11, 2015, on \"\"Good Morning America\"\". Professionals from last season not returning include Cheryl Burke", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7942414", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 15)\"\nwin the trophy. This also marked the first win for professional Tony Dovolani. Tony was also the third professional (after Kym Johnson and Peta Murgatroyd) to win after being eliminated first the previous season. This was the first season to feature an all-female final three in the American series, which was seen again in season 18, and the only series to feature an all-female finale. Rycroft was the only celebrity to place higher than her original season (3rd to 1st) while everyone else ranked lower. Also, this is the first season where a couple performed a style of dance that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9791204", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 20)\"\nmillion viewers, 0.52 million greater than season 19. Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 20) Season twenty of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on March 16, 2015, and concluded on May 19, 2015. This season marked the ten-year anniversary of the show. In honor of the anniversary, the winners, Rumer Willis and Valentin Chmerkovskiy (in his first win as a professional), received a special 10th Anniversary golden Mirrorball Trophy. The runners-up were Riker Lynch and Allison Holker, while Noah Galloway and Sharna Burgess came in third. Ten professional partners were revealed on February 11, 2015, on \"\"Good Morning America\"\". Professionals", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10466546", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 22)\"\nDancing with the Stars (U.S. season 22) Season twenty-two of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered March 21, 2016, on the ABC network. Hosts Tom Bergeron and Erin Andrews returned, as did judges Carrie Ann Inaba and Bruno Tonioli. Len Goodman returned as head judge, after being absent for the previous season. On May 24, 2016, Nyle DiMarco and his partner Peta Murgatroyd were crowned champions; this was Murgatroyd's second win on the show, as she also won season 14 with Donald Driver. DiMarco is also the first Deaf contestant to win the show. Paige VanZant and Mark Ballas finished second,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18712196", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 18)\"\npairings for a week during the season. Each celebrity was required to leave his or her assigned partner and perform with a new pro for one week. This season is notable for being the first in which a dance that has been featured in every season, the paso doble, was only performed once (by Charlie White and Sharna Burgess). On May 20, 2014, Meryl Davis and her partner Maksim Chmerkovskiy were crowned the champions, marking the first time that Chmerkovskiy has won. Amy Purdy and Derek Hough were the runners-up, and Candace Cameron Bure and Mark Ballas finished in third", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9615949", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 24)\"\nfreestyle. On the second night, the couples danced a fusion dance that fused two previously learned dance styles. The celebrities and professional partners will dance one of these routines for each corresponding week: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 24) Season twenty-four of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on March 20, 2017, on the ABC network. On May 23, 2017, NFL runningback Rashad Jennings and Emma Slater, were declared the winners, marking Slater's first win. Former MLB catcher David Ross and Lindsay Arnold finished second, while Fifth Harmony singer Normani Kordei and Val Chmerkovskiy finished third. On February 21, 2017,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18348061", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 21)\"\n8 perfect scores (a record broken in season 25 by Jordan Fisher) and became the second youngest winner of the show at 17 years old (after season 8 winner Shawn Johnson, who was 3 days younger at the time of her win, and later slipped to third behind season 23 winner Laurie Hernandez, who was 16 years old at the time of her win). This also marked Hough's sixth competitive win, extending his own record for the most wins for a professional dancer on the series. On August 19, 2015, nine professional dancers were revealed during \"\"Good Morning America\"\". Karina", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7043681", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 23)\"\ncelebrities and professional partners will dance one of these routines for each corresponding week: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 23) Season twenty-three of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on September 12, 2016, on the ABC network. On November 23, 2016, Olympic gymnast Laurie Hernandez and Valentin Chmerkovskiy were announced the winner; IndyCar driver James Hinchcliffe and Sharna Burgess placed second, and retired NFL player Calvin Johnson Jr. and Lindsay Arnold placed third. Having won at age 16, Hernandez is currently the youngest winner of the show, surpassing Olympic gymnast Shawn Johnson (season 8). The first eight professional dancers were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4869150", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 25)\"\nDancing with the Stars (U.S. season 25) Season twenty-five of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on September 18, 2017, on the ABC network. On November 21, 2017, actor and singer Jordan Fisher and Lindsay Arnold were declared the winners, marking Arnold's first win. Violinist and composer Lindsey Stirling and Mark Ballas finished second, while actor and race car driver Frankie Muniz and Witney Carson finished third. Having won at age 23, Fisher is currently the youngest male winner of the show, surpassing short track speed skating competitor Apolo Anton Ohno (season 4). Fisher also currently holds the record for most", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19681548", "chunk_text": "\"Strictly Come Dancing (series 16)\"\ncalled \"\"couple's choice\"\", giving a total of 18 dance styles in the competition. The winners were Stacey Dooley and Kevin Clifton. Runners-up Ashley Roberts and Faye Tozer matched Caroline Flack's record in 2014 of scoring perfect 40s for all three dances in the final. Roberts also set a record of achieving the most 40s during a series, with five. On 30 May 2018, the list of professionals returning for the sixteenth series was revealed. Professionals from the last series who did not return included Series 1 winner Brendan Cole and Chloe Hewitt. Graziano Di Prima, Johannes Radebe and Luba Mushtuk", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15364717", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 24)\"\nDancing with the Stars (U.S. season 24) Season twenty-four of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on March 20, 2017, on the ABC network. On May 23, 2017, NFL runningback Rashad Jennings and Emma Slater, were declared the winners, marking Slater's first win. Former MLB catcher David Ross and Lindsay Arnold finished second, while Fifth Harmony singer Normani Kordei and Val Chmerkovskiy finished third. On February 21, 2017, Maksim Chmerkovskiy and Peta Murgatroyd were announced to be the first two professionals returning this season. This marks the return of Murgatroyd following her taking off the twenty-third season due to her pregnancy.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6834284", "chunk_text": "\"American Idol (season 16)\"\nAmerican Idol (season 16) The sixteenth season of \"\"American Idol\"\" premiered on March 11, 2018, on the ABC television network. It is the show's first season to air on ABC, after 15 years on Fox. Ryan Seacrest continued his role as the show's host, while Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie joined as judges. Maddie Poppe from Clarksville, Iowa won the season on May 21, 2018, while her boyfriend Caleb Lee Hutchinson was the Runner-up, and Gabby Barrett finished in third place. Poppe was the first female winner since Candice Glover in season twelve. In early 2017, \"\"Variety\"\" reported", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6733556", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 16)\"\nand sixth members of the Dance Troupe. Two weeks following the cast announcement, Sean Lowe as revealed on \"\"GMA\"\" as the 12th contestant this season partnering with Peta Murgatroyd. After only two dances, Dorothy Hamill withdrew from the competition due to a potential severe back injury. She is the third celebrity to withdraw due to injury, after Misty May-Treanor in season seven and Tom DeLay in season nine. Sara Evans in season three also quit, but that time it was due to her impending divorce. This also marks the second consecutive season where Tristan MacManus and his partner have gone", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6733562", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 16)\"\nthe show, thus bringing the total number of couples down to the traditional three. The couples danced one of these routines for each corresponding week (this season also features two new dances: contemporary and jazz. This is the first time since season eight that new dances have been added to the show for more than one week): Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 16) Season sixteen of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on March 18, 2013. Tom Bergeron and Brooke Burke Charvet returned as hosts, while Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman and Bruno Tonioli returned as judges. The Harold Wheeler", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18712202", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 18)\"\nare required to dance with each other for 20 seconds on the dance floor without their partners. \"\"Individual judges scores in the chart below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman, Kenny Ortega, Bruno Tonioli\"\". The semifinalists performed two unlearned dances to songs by American music icons. The celebrities were also able to speak with people who they consider \"\"icons\"\". Candace, Charlie, Amy, James, and Meryl each received advice from Angela Thomas, Scott Hamilton, Oprah Winfrey, L.A. Reid, and season 6 winner Kristi Yamaguchi respectively. The four finalists performed two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9436541", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 26)\"\nwith Sasha Farber, were both announced as runners-up during the live finale show. However, it was revealed later that Josh and Sharna placed second, while Tonya and Sasha placed third. The professional dancers were announced on April 12, 2018. The eight professionals returning from last season are Lindsay Arnold, Alan Bersten, Sharna Burgess, Witney Carson, Artem Chigvintsev, Keo Motsepe, Gleb Savchenko, and Emma Slater. The two remaining professional dancers were both in the troupe last season, and have previously been professional dancers on the show: Sasha Farber (last competed in season 24) and Jenna Johnson (last competed in season 23).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "588467", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 19)\"\nDancing with the Stars (U.S. season 19) Season nineteen of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on September 15, 2014. On November 25, 2014, Alfonso Ribeiro and his partner Witney Carson were crowned champions. The runners-up were Sadie Robertson and Mark Ballas, and Janel Parrish and Valentin Chmerkovskiy came in third. Ribeiro was the first male celebrity to win since Donald Driver in season 14, and it was Carson's first win—she is the first former \"\"So You Think You Can Dance\"\" contestant turned \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" professional to win. Cheryl Burke, who was featured on every season of the show", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7942415", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 15)\"\nno other couple performed: the waltz, danced only by Sabrina Bryan and Louis van Amstel. The names of twelve returning celebrities were revealed on July 27, 2012. All 12 professionals from season 14 returned. A thirteenth contestant was chosen by the public, from either Sabrina Bryan, Kyle Massey, or Carson Kressley. Bryan was announced the winner on August 27, 2012 over Kressley and Massey. Louis van Amstel was partnered with Bryan, while the professional partners for the first twelve celebrities were revealed on August 13. Mark Ballas and Cheryl Burke were the professionals with the most returning partners (3) and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6733554", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 16)\"\nhas won the most mirror ball trophies. The cast of eleven and their professional partners was announced on February 26, 2013 on \"\"Good Morning America\"\", with Jacoby Jones' participation confirmed two days earlier on February 24 during a network promo for the series airing during the 85th Oscars as a tease for the \"\"GMA\"\" announcement. This season saw its youngest contestant to date—16-year-old Zendaya (previously being Shawn Johnson from season 8 at 17). Although in Season 20, the record was taken from Zendaya by Willow Shields who competed when she was 14. The following professionals who did not return for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6733558", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 16)\"\nnot included): \"\"Unless indicated otherwise, individual judges scores in the charts below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman, Bruno Tonioli.\"\" At the results show of this week, it was announced that Dorothy Hamill would be withdrawing from the show by doctors orders due to an injury she had suffered from during training prior to this week. Either Lisa or Victor would have been eliminated this week, but they were \"\"saved\"\" from elimination due to Hamill's withdrawal from the competition. Jacoby & Karina and Zendaya & Val each received two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8879186", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 16)\"\nThey then performed simultaneously with those professional dancers. Maksim Chmerkovskiy, Anna Trebunskaya, Chelsie Hightower, Tony Dovolani and Tristan MacManus were among the pros returning as well as Henry Byalikov, Emma Slater, Sasha Farber and Witney Carson from the troupe. Each couple performed to a song by Stevie Wonder. Hunter Hayes performed a duet with Wonder for an opening performance. Each couple also performed a team dance picked by the highest scoring couples Zendaya and Val (Team Paso doble) and Kellie and Derek (Team Samba). Each couple danced to a Latin hit. After having danced, the top scoring couple was saved", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14768593", "chunk_text": "\"Cheryl Burke\"\nCheryl Burke Cheryl Stephanie Burke (born May 3, 1984) is an American dancer, model and TV host. She is best known for being one of the professional dancers on ABC's \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\", where she was the first female professional to win the show and the first professional to win twice and consecutively. She has participated in 21 seasons thus far. She came in second on the NBC series \"\"I Can Do That.\"\" She replaced Abby Lee Miller on \"\"Dance Moms\"\" in 2017. Burke was born in San Francisco, California and grew up in Atherton, California. She is the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19813757", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 14)\"\nand Hines Ward won season twelve. The 12 celebrities and professional dancers who competed were: All the professionals from season 13 returned—except for Lacey Schwimmer, who was replaced by Chelsie Hightower. Two new professionals were added into the Dance Troupe: Henry Byalikov and Emma Slater. They joined Sharna Burgess, Kiki Nyemchek, Oksana Dmyrtenko, and Sasha Farber. There was one dance for each finalist that they did not perform: Donald Driver did not perform the salsa, William Levy did not perform the waltz, and Katherine Jenkins did not perform an individual tango (Jenkins only did the tango for team dances in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4869158", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 25)\"\nstyles. For the first time, a short window of \"\"last chance\"\" audience voting was added for the Eastern and Central time zones immediately after the final scored dance. The celebrities and professional partners will dance one of these routines for each corresponding week: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 25) Season twenty-five of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on September 18, 2017, on the ABC network. On November 21, 2017, actor and singer Jordan Fisher and Lindsay Arnold were declared the winners, marking Arnold's first win. Violinist and composer Lindsey Stirling and Mark Ballas finished second, while actor and race", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12974900", "chunk_text": "\"American Idol (season 16)\"\n11 to August 12 and Forever in Your Mind from August 13 to September 16. American Idol (season 16) The sixteenth season of \"\"American Idol\"\" premiered on March 11, 2018, on the ABC television network. It is the show's first season to air on ABC, after 15 years on Fox. Ryan Seacrest continued his role as the show's host, while Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie joined as judges. Maddie Poppe from Clarksville, Iowa won the season on May 21, 2018, while her boyfriend Caleb Lee Hutchinson was the Runner-up, and Gabby Barrett finished in third place. Poppe was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13080343", "chunk_text": "\"Laurie Hernandez\"\nLaurie Hernandez Lauren Zoe Hernandez (born June 9, 2000) is an American artistic gymnast. She competed as a member of the U.S. women's gymnastics team at the 2016 Summer Olympics, winning gold in the team event and silver on the balance beam. She was part of the gold-medal-winning team dubbed the \"\"Final Five\"\" at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. In 2016, Hernandez won season 23 of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" with partner Val Chmerkovskiy. In 2017, Hernandez was on an episode of \"\"Stuck In The Middle\"\". Hernandez was born in Old Bridge Township, New Jersey, the daughter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20544798", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 8)\"\nwon the competition at the age of 17, making her the youngest champion until Laurie Hernandez (another Olympian gymnast) won in season 23 at 16. Shawn beat out Gilles Marini by less than 1%. The 13 celebrities and professional dancers who competed were: Originally, the season was advertised as the first U.S. season where a husband and wife would compete against each other: rodeo champion Ty Murray and singer-songwriter Jewel. The two had married the previous year after a ten-year courtship. However, just prior to the series, Jewel fractured both her tibias and was unable to perform. She was replaced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2805057", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 26)\"\ndecade in sports. Paso doble and quickstep are introduced. \"\"Individual judges' scores in the charts below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Carrie Ann Inaba, David Ross, Len Goodman, Bruno Tonioli.\"\" The couples performed one unlearned dance dedicated to the \"\"MVP\"\" in their lives, and participated in \"\"ballroom battle\"\" dance-offs for extra points. Former contestants were brought in to mentor the couples for the ballroom battles. Nastia Liukin mentored Jennie & Keo and Tonya & Sasha. Meryl Davis, season 18 champion, mentored Adam & Jenna and Mirai & Alan. Von Miller mentored Chris &", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8879187", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 16)\"\nfrom elimination that week. If there was a tie for first place, the couple with the highest cumulative score wins immunity. The remaining six couples then took part in the Dance-off, where they competed against another couple doing the cha-cha-cha, jive or rumba. For each Dance-off, the judges declared a winning couple who added three bonus points to their score. Each couple performed one unlearned ballroom dance as well as a trio dance. Each couple chose one professional who was either previously eliminated or participates in the dance troupe to perform with them. Each couple performed two unlearned dances, one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9791197", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 20)\"\nand Karina Smirnoff. Kym Johnson returns as a professional dancer after taking three seasons off to judge the Australian version of the show. Eleven of the celebrity competitors and their professional partners were revealed on \"\"Good Morning America\"\" on February 24, 2015. Witney Carson's celebrity partner was reported to be Chris Soules from \"\"The Bachelor\"\" on March 4, 2015; this was confirmed six days later, after that show's finale, by \"\"Good Morning America\"\". At the age of 14, Willow Shields is the youngest contestant ever to compete on the show (taking the record from Zendaya, who was 16 when she", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19813756", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 14)\"\nDancing with the Stars (U.S. season 14) Season fourteen of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on March 19, 2012. Tom Bergeron and Brooke Burke Charvet returned as hosts, while Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman, and Bruno Tonioli all returned as judges. The Harold Wheeler orchestra and singers provided the music throughout the season. Green Bay Packers wide receiver Donald Driver won the competition over British classical crossover singer Katherine Jenkins and Cuban-American Telenovela star William Levy, who took 2nd and 3rd place respectively. Driver is also the third NFL player (including retired) to win, after Emmitt Smith won season three", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "976937", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 12)\"\nDancing with the Stars (U.S. season 12) Season twelve of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on March 21, 2011. Carrie Ann Inaba, Bruno Tonioli, and Len Goodman returned to the show as judges, while Tom Bergeron and Brooke Burke returned as hosts. Professional football player Hines Ward was the winner of the competition with his partner Kym Johnson. Actress Kirstie Alley and Disney star Chelsea Kane came in second and third, respectively. On the official website, a page gave people the chance to recommend celebrities they wanted to see on season 12 of the show through comments. Pro-dancer Derek Hough,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7558519", "chunk_text": "\"Sharna Burgess\"\nSharna Burgess Sharna May Burgess (born 21 June 1985) is an Australian ballroom dancer who is best known for being a professional partner and troupe member on the ABC series \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\". She is the winner of season 27 of Dancing with the Stars with her celebrity partner, Bobby Bones and a three time runner-up on the show. Sharna Burgess was born in Wagga Wagga, New South Wales to Ray and Lucy Burgess. Despite being a tomboy, Burgess found a love for dance. Growing up, she was involved in several sports and different styles of dance. At the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18011532", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 11)\"\nand Kurt & Anna were on Ohno's team. Also scheduled was a week dubbed \"\"Instant Choreography\"\" in which the couples practiced their routines for a week and received the music for their Latin dances only 45 minutes before their live routines. Actress Jennifer Grey won the competition over actor Kyle Massey and activist Bristol Palin, making her partner Derek Hough the first professional to win the competition three times. Florence Henderson, who competed in this season, died on November 24, 2016. This marks the first death of a contestant in the show's history. On the premiere of season 24, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1955448", "chunk_text": "\"Laurie Hernandez\"\nthat she had left her longtime gym MG Elite, and was planning on moving to Gym Max at Aliso Viejo, California, the same gym that produced 2012 Olympic champion Kyla Ross. Hernandez was revealed as one of the celebrities competing on season 23 of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" on August 30, 2016. She was partnered with professional dancer Valentin Chmerkovskiy. The couple won the Mirrorball Trophy on the episode that aired November 22, 2016. At 16, Hernandez is currently the show's youngest winner. In November 2017, Hernandez returned to 25th season in Week eight, to participate in a trio Jive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19208280", "chunk_text": "\"Witney Carson\"\nWitney Carson Witney Capri Carson McAllister (born October 17, 1993) is an American professional Latin ballroom dancer and choreographer. She first gained attention in 2012, when the 18-year-old finished ladies' second runner-up in season nine of \"\"So You Think You Can Dance\"\". Carson continued her professional dancing career in early 2013 as a troupe dancer in seasons 16 and 17 of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\". She was promoted to professional partner in season 18. In season 19, she and her partner Alfonso Ribeiro were announced the winners on November 25, 2014, making her one of six professional dancers to win", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13958543", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 12)\"\nNo. 5 spot in the age 18-49 demographic of viewers, and placed at No. 3 on the rankings of the overall season. Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 12) Season twelve of \"\"Dancing with the Stars\"\" premiered on March 21, 2011. Carrie Ann Inaba, Bruno Tonioli, and Len Goodman returned to the show as judges, while Tom Bergeron and Brooke Burke returned as hosts. Professional football player Hines Ward was the winner of the competition with his partner Kym Johnson. Actress Kirstie Alley and Disney star Chelsea Kane came in second and third, respectively. On the official website, a page", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7595944", "chunk_text": "\"Maksim Chmerkovskiy\"\nweek of Season 16 for \"\"Len's Side-By-Side Challenge\"\", where he danced with Anna Trebunskaya in an Argentine Tango with brother Val and his partner Zendaya and in a Jive with Jacoby Jones and his partner Karina Smirnoff. Prior to the full cast announcement, \"\"US Weekly\"\" reported Chmerkovskiy would return to \"\"Dancing\"\" for season 18 after a two-season break. Chmerkovskiy was paired with Olympic ice dancer Meryl Davis. They were announced the winners on May 20, 2014, marking Chmerkovskiy's first win. At the end of Season 18, they had the highest average of any dancers of the show with a 28.4", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20792184", "chunk_text": "\"Rumer Willis\"\narmy veteran Noah Galloway who took second and third place, respectively. Willis joined partner Valentin Chmerkovskiy and other Dancing with the Stars professionals on the 40-city \"\"Dancing with the Stars: Perfect 10 Tour\"\" during the summer of 2015. Rumer Willis Rumer Glenn Willis (born August 16, 1988) is an American actress and singer. She is the oldest daughter of actors Bruce Willis and Demi Moore. Willis won season 20 of \"\"Dancing with the Stars.\"\" She went on to make her Broadway debut in \"\"Chicago\"\" as Roxie Hart on September 21, 2015. She has recently had a recurring role in season", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12637870", "chunk_text": "\"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 17)\"\nBruno Tonioli.\"\" \"\"Individual judges scores and votes in the charts below (given in parentheses) are listed from left to right: Carrie Ann Inaba, Julianne Hough, Bruno Tonioli.\"\" Due to a technical error during the previous week in which incorrect voting numbers were displayed for the couples, the votes were subsequently thrown out, meaning that no couple was eliminated. Instead, the judges scores and viewer votes were carried over to the following week. In the Switch-Up Challenge, all eight couples were divided into two groups of four. In a marathon-style, all danced to four songs they had not previously rehearsed and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3368	what kind of metric system does the us use?	n/a	[ "international units", "United States customary units" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14383904", "chunk_text": "\"Metric system\"\ndecimal prefixes has been extended to those for 10, \"\"yotta\"\", and 10, \"\"yocto\"\", which are unfamiliar because nothing in our everyday lives is that big or that small. The International System of Units has been adopted as the official system of weights and measures by all nations in the world except for Myanmar, Liberia, and the United States, while the United States is the only industrialised country where the metric system is not the predominant system of units. A number of variants of the metric system evolved, all using the \"\"Mètre des Archives\"\" and \"\"Kilogramme des Archives\"\" (or their descendants)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14383883", "chunk_text": "\"Metric system\"\nMetric system The metric system is an internationally recognised decimalised system of measurement. It is in widespread use, and where it is adopted, it is the only or most common system of weights and measures (see metrication). It is now known as the International System of Units (SI). It is used to measure everyday things such as the mass of a sack of flour, the height of a person, the speed of a car, and the volume of fuel in its tank. It is also used in science, industry and trade. In its modern form, it consists of a set", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4850736", "chunk_text": "Metrication\ntime, the metric system has influenced the United States through international trade and standardisation. The use of the metric system was made legal as a system of measurement in 1866 and the United States was a founding member of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in 1875. The system was officially adopted by the federal government in 1975 for use in the military and government agencies, and as preferred system for trade and commerce. It has remained voluntary for federal and state road signage to use metric units, despite attempts in the 1990s to make it a requirement. A", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12497902", "chunk_text": "\"Metrication in the United States\"\nMetrication in the United States Metrication (or metrification) is the process of introducing the International System of Units, also known as SI units or the metric system, to replace a jurisdiction's traditional measuring units. Although all U.S. customary units have been redefined in terms of SI units, as of 2018 the United States is one of only seven countries, including Myanmar (Burma), Liberia, Palau, the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, and Samoa that have not officially adopted the metric system as the primary means of weights and measures. The United States has official legislation for metrication; however, conversion", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "268723", "chunk_text": "\"United States customary units\"\nand the kilogram with the Mendenhall Order of 1893 and, in practice, for many years before. These definitions were refined by the international yard and pound agreement of 1959. Americans primarily use customary units in commercial activities, as well as for personal and social use. In science, medicine, many sectors of industry, and some of government and military, metric units are used. The International System of Units (SI), the modern form of the metric system, is preferred for many uses by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). For newer units of measure where there is no traditional", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5643996", "chunk_text": "\"United States customary units\"\nused throughout the British Empire). Another term is the foot–pound–second (FPS) system, as opposed to centimeter–gram–second (CGS) and meter–kilogram–second (MKS) systems. Tools and fasteners with sizes measured in inches are sometimes called \"\"SAE bolts\"\" or \"\"SAE wrenches\"\" to differentiate them from their metric counterparts. The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) originally developed fasteners standards using U.S. units for the U.S. auto industry; the organization now uses metric units. United States customary units United States customary units are a system of measurements commonly used in the United States. The United States customary system (USCS or USC) developed from English units which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13943064", "chunk_text": "Measurement\nthe 1960s, the International System of Units (SI) is the internationally recognised metric system. Metric units of mass, length, and electricity are widely used around the world for both everyday and scientific purposes. The metric system features a single base unit for many physical quantities. Other quantities are derived from the standard SI units. Multiples and fractions are expressed as powers of 10 of each unit. When smaller or larger units are more convenient for given use, metric prefixes can be added to the base unit to denote its multiple by a power of ten: a thousandth (10) of a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4850720", "chunk_text": "Metrication\ntheir trackage in miles and speed limits in miles per hour because they also operate in the United States. Most other Commonwealth countries adopted the metric system during the 1970s. Countries, other than the United Kingdom, using the imperial system completed official metrication during the second half of the 20th century or the first decade of the 21st century. The most recent to complete this process was the Republic of Ireland, which began metric conversion in the 1970s and completed it in early 2005. The metric system was officially introduced in France in December 1799. In the 19th century, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10720755", "chunk_text": "\"Metric system\"\nwith the SI in matters of everyday life or units that are exactly defined values in terms of SI units and are used in particular circumstances to satisfy the needs of commercial, legal, or specialised scientific interests. These units include: Metric system The metric system is an internationally recognised decimalised system of measurement. It is in widespread use, and where it is adopted, it is the only or most common system of weights and measures (see metrication). It is now known as the International System of Units (SI). It is used to measure everyday things such as the mass of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19134721", "chunk_text": "\"Unit of measurement\"\nformer British Empire. US customary units are still the main system of measurement used in the United States despite Congress having legally authorised metric measure on 28 July 1866. Some steps towards US metrication have been made, particularly the redefinition of basic US and imperial units to derive exactly from SI units. Since the international yard and pound agreement of 1959 the US and imperial inch is now defined as exactly , and the US and imperial avoirdupois pound is now defined as exactly . While the above systems of units are based on arbitrary unit values, formalised as standards,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7706333", "chunk_text": "\"United States customary units\"\nUnited States customary units United States customary units are a system of measurements commonly used in the United States. The United States customary system (USCS or USC) developed from English units which were in use in the British Empire before the U.S. became an independent country. However, the United Kingdom's system of measures was overhauled in 1824 to create the imperial system, changing the definitions of some units. Therefore, while many U.S. units are essentially similar to their Imperial counterparts, there are significant differences between the systems. The majority of U.S. customary units were redefined in terms of the meter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15040973", "chunk_text": "\"System of measurement\"\napplications. US customary units, however, are still the main system of measurement in the United States. While some steps towards metrication have been made (mainly in the late 1960s and early 1970s), the customary units have a strong hold due to the vast industrial infrastructure and commercial development. While imperial and US customary systems are closely related, there are a number of differences between them. Units of length and area (the inch, foot, yard, mile etc.) are identical except for surveying purposes. The Avoirdupois units of mass and weight differ for units larger than a pound (lb). The imperial system", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15040969", "chunk_text": "\"System of measurement\"\nof beverages, and milligrams, rather than grains, are used for medications. Some other standard non-SI units are still in international use, such as nautical miles and knots in aviation and shipping. Metric systems of units have evolved since the adoption of the first well-defined system in France in 1795. During this evolution the use of these systems has spread throughout the world, first to non-English-speaking countries, and then to English speaking countries. Multiples and submultiples of metric units are related by powers of ten and their names are formed with prefixes. This relationship is compatible with the decimal system of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15040968", "chunk_text": "\"System of measurement\"\nuse of Imperial weights and measures, despite \"\"de jure\"\" Canadian conversion to metric. A number of other jurisdictions have laws mandating or permitting other systems of measurement in some or all contexts, such as the United Kingdom – whose road signage legislation, for instance, only allows distance signs displaying imperial units (miles or yards) – or Hong Kong. In the United States, metric units are used almost universally in science, widely in the military, and partially in industry, but customary units predominate in household use. At retail stores, the liter is a commonly used unit for volume, especially on bottles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15040967", "chunk_text": "\"System of measurement\"\nsecondary units (multiples and submultiples) are derived from the basic units by multiplying by powers of ten, i.e. by simply moving the decimal point. Thus the basic metric unit of length is the metre; a distance of 1 m is 1,000 millimetres, or 0.001 kilometres. Metrication is complete or nearly complete in almost all countries. US customary units are heavily used in the United States and to some degree in Liberia. Traditional Burmese units of measurement are used in Burma. U.S. units are used in limited contexts in Canada due to the large volume of trade; there is also considerable", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7706344", "chunk_text": "\"United States customary units\"\nmass: tower, apothecaries', troy, avoirdupois, and metric. Of these, the avoirdupois weight is the most common system used in the U.S., although Troy weight is still used to weigh precious metals. Apothecaries weight—once used by pharmacies—has been largely replaced by metric measurements. Tower weight fell out of use in England (due to legal prohibition in 1527) centuries ago, and was never used in the U.S. The imperial system, which is still used for some measures in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries, is based on avoirdupois, with variations from U.S. customary units larger than a pound. The pound avoirdupois,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12052331", "chunk_text": "\"System of measurement\"\nSystem of measurement A system of measurement is a collection of units of measurement and rules relating them to each other. Systems of measurement have historically been important, regulated and defined for the purposes of science and commerce. Systems of measurement in modern use include the metric system, the imperial system, and United States customary units. The French Revolution gave rise to the metric system, and this has spread around the world, replacing most customary units of measure. In most systems, length (distance), mass, and time are \"\"base quantities\"\". Later science developments showed that either electric charge or electric current", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12497949", "chunk_text": "\"Metrication in the United States\"\nmL after pressure from the European Union. Most students are given some level of introduction to the metric system in elementary, middle, and high school, but the emphasis varies. Instruction primarily centers on the concepts of powers of 10, the associated prefixes, and the conversion from one prefix form to another. Units of length, volume, and mass are typically introduced through comparison with ordinary objects. The metric system is not reinforced much outside the classroom due to lack of popular metric use. Consequently, while students may understand some of the concepts underlying the metric system, they do not necessarily have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12497990", "chunk_text": "\"Metrication in the United States\"\nthan some combination of miles, yards, and feet. Telephone transmission line length and loop distances are measured in kilofeet. In some fields of civil engineering (especially structural engineering), and architecture, large loads and forces (such as the weight of a building or the amount of load applied to a column) are measured in kips (kilopounds or 1000 pounds-force) instead of short tons-force (2000 pounds-force), which are used in virtually all other non-metric industries in the United States, as well as in common usage among the public, when dealing with large values of force. The continuing use of U.S. customary units", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4850678", "chunk_text": "Metrication\nbut are still in the process toward full conversion. In the United Kingdom the metric system is the official system for most regulated trading by weight or measure purposes, but some imperial units remain the primary official unit of measurement. the UK has only partially metricated. According to the US Central Intelligence Agency's online \"\"The World Factbook\"\" (2016), the metric system has not been adopted by Myanmar (also known as Burma), Liberia or the US. The United States (and its associated states; the Federated States of Micronesia, Marshall Islands and Palau)) officially use US customary units as does Liberia. Myanmar", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "268724", "chunk_text": "\"United States customary units\"\ncustomary unit, international units are used, sometimes mixed with customary units, such as electrical resistance of wire expressed in ohms (SI) per thousand feet. The United States system of units is similar to the British imperial system. Both systems are derived from English units, a system which had evolved over the millennia before American independence, and which had its roots in Roman and Anglo-Saxon units. The customary system was championed by the U.S.-based International Institute for Preserving and Perfecting Weights and Measures in the late 19th century. Advocates of the customary system saw the French Revolutionary, or metric, system as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10720734", "chunk_text": "\"Metric system\"\n(Spanish) and ' (Russian). Variations are also found with the spelling of unit names in countries using the same language, including differences in American English and British spelling. For example, \"\"meter\"\" and \"\"liter\"\" are used in the United States whereas \"\"metre\"\" and \"\"litre\"\" are used in other English-speaking countries. In addition, the official US spelling for the rarely used SI prefix for ten is \"\"deka\"\". In American English the term \"\"metric ton\"\" is the normal usage whereas in other varieties of English \"\"tonne\"\" is common. \"\"Gram\"\" is also sometimes spelled \"\"gramme\"\" in English-speaking countries other than the United States, though", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12594466", "chunk_text": "Measurement\nto give just a few examples. Imperial units are used in many other places, for example, in many Commonwealth countries that are considered metricated, land area is measured in acres and floor space in square feet, particularly for commercial transactions (rather than government statistics). Similarly, gasoline is sold by the gallon in many countries that are considered metricated. The metric system is a decimal system of measurement based on its units for length, the metre and for mass, the kilogram. It exists in several variations, with different choices of base units, though these do not affect its day-to-day use. Since", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20377462", "chunk_text": "\"Introduction to the metric system\"\nIntroduction to the metric system The metric system was developed during the French Revolution to replace the various measures previously used in France. The metre (sometimes spelled \"\"meter\"\" in American English) is the unit of length in the metric system and was originally based on the dimensions of the earth, as far as it could be measured at the time. The litre (also spelled \"\"liter\"\"), is the unit of volume and was defined as one thousandth of a cubic metre. The metric unit of mass is the kilogram and it was defined as the mass of one litre of water.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11548598", "chunk_text": "\"Imperial and US customary measurement systems\"\nImperial and US customary measurement systems The imperial system of measurement and the US customary system of measurement are both derived from an earlier English system of measurement which in turn can be traced back to Ancient Roman units of measurement, and Carolingian and Saxon units of measure. The US Customary system of units was developed and used in the United States after the American Revolution, based on a subset of the English units used in the Thirteen Colonies. The Imperial system of units was developed and used in the United Kingdom beginning in 1826, and subsequently used in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16602646", "chunk_text": "\"Gravitational metric system\"\nGravitational metric system The gravitational metric system (original French term ) is a non-standard system of units, which does not comply with the International System of Units (SI). It is built on the three base quantities length, time and force with base units metre, second and kilopond respectively. Internationally used abbreviations of the system are MKpS, MKfS or MKS (from French or ). However, the abbreviation MKS is also used for the MKS system of units, which, like the SI, uses mass in kilogram as a base unit. Nowadays, the mass as a property of an object and its weight,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14383884", "chunk_text": "\"Metric system\"\nof base units including \"\"metre\"\" for length, \"\"kilogram\"\" for mass, \"\"second\"\" for time and \"\"ampere\"\" for electrical current, and a few others, which together with their derived units, can measure any physical quantity. \"\"Metric system\"\" may also refer to other systems of related base and derived units defined before the middle of the 20th century, some of which are still in limited use today. The metric system was designed to have properties that make it easy to use and widely applicable, including units based on the natural world, decimal ratios, prefixes for multiples and sub-multiples, and a structure of base", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15040978", "chunk_text": "\"System of measurement\"\nfor Standardization (ISO). Throughout history, many official systems of measurement have been used. While no longer in official use, some of these customary systems are occasionally used in day-to-day life, for instance in cooking. System of measurement A system of measurement is a collection of units of measurement and rules relating them to each other. Systems of measurement have historically been important, regulated and defined for the purposes of science and commerce. Systems of measurement in modern use include the metric system, the imperial system, and United States customary units. The French Revolution gave rise to the metric system, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10705603", "chunk_text": "\"Metric Conversion Act\"\nMetric Conversion Act The Metric Conversion Act is an Act of Congress that U.S. President Gerald Ford signed into law on December 23, 1975. It declared the metric system \"\"the preferred system of weights and measures for United States trade and commerce\"\", but permitted the use of United States customary units in all activities. As Ford's statement on the signing of the act emphasizes, all conversion was to be \"\"completely voluntary.\"\" The Act also established the United States Metric Board with representatives from scientific, technical, and educational institutions, as well as state and local governments to plan, coordinate, and educate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15040971", "chunk_text": "\"System of measurement\"\ninclude gravitational systems, the centimetre–gram–second systems (cgs) useful in science, the metre–tonne–second system (mts) once used in the USSR and the metre–kilogram–second system (mks). The current international standard metric system is the International System of Units (\"\"Système international d'unités\"\" or SI) It is an mks system based on the metre, kilogram and second as well as the kelvin, ampere, candela, and mole. The SI includes two classes of units which are defined and agreed internationally. The first of these classes includes the seven SI base units for length, mass, time, temperature, electric current, luminous intensity and amount of substance. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17880334", "chunk_text": "\"U.S. Metric Association\"\nU.S. Metric Association The U.S. Metric Association (USMA), based in Windsor, Colorado, is a non-profit organization that advocates for total conversion to the SI (metric) system in the United States (metrication). Founded in 1916, it was originally called the American Metric Association. The USMA publishes a bi-monthly newsletter for its members on the state of the metric system in the United States: \"\"Metric Today\"\". The Metric Act of 1866 declared the metric system to be “lawful throughout the United States of America” and in all business dealings and court proceedings. At an international commercial congress the Treaty of the Meter,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19134720", "chunk_text": "\"Unit of measurement\"\nextent based on the dimensions of the human body. As a result, units of measure could vary not only from location to location, but from person to person. Metric systems of units have evolved since the adoption of the original metric system in France in 1791. The current international standard metric system is the International System of Units (abbreviated to SI). An important feature of modern systems is standardization. Each unit has a universally recognized size. Both the imperial units and US customary units derive from earlier English units. Imperial units were mostly used in the British Commonwealth and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17880336", "chunk_text": "\"U.S. Metric Association\"\nand bushel in terms of metric units. The Metric Conversion Act of 1975 started a voluntary metrication process in the US and, as amended by the Omnibus Foreign Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988, declared the metric system to be “the preferred system of weights and measures for United States trade and commerce”. The US Metric Association (USMA) advocates completion of the ongoing US conversion to the metric system, officially known as the International System of Units (SI). In support of this mission, the USMA provides a public medium for information and discussion, reports of metrication within the US, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7706336", "chunk_text": "\"United States customary units\"\nis most evident in U.S. labeling requirements on food products, where SI units are almost always presented alongside customary units. According to the CIA Factbook, the United States is one of three nations (along with Liberia and Burma) that have not adopted the metric system as their official system of weights and measures. U.S. customary units are widely used on consumer products and in industrial manufacturing. Metric units are standard in science, medicine, as well as many sectors of industry and government, including the military. There are anecdotal objections to the use of metric units in carpentry and the building", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14153188", "chunk_text": "\"International System of Units\"\nInternational System of Units The International System of Units (SI, abbreviated from the French \"\") is the modern form of the metric system, and is the most widely used system of measurement. It comprises a coherent system of units of measurement built on seven base units, which are the ampere, kelvin, second, metre, kilogram, candela, mole, and a set of twenty prefixes to the unit names and unit symbols that may be used when specifying multiples and fractions of the units. The system also specifies names for 22 derived units, such as lumen and watt, for other common physical quantities.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20377494", "chunk_text": "\"Introduction to the metric system\"\nso in most languages using the Latin script they are written in lower-case unless there is a grammatical reason to do otherwise (such as being the first word of a sentence). The standard has specified a number of other details in respect of writing metric units: Introduction to the metric system The metric system was developed during the French Revolution to replace the various measures previously used in France. The metre (sometimes spelled \"\"meter\"\" in American English) is the unit of length in the metric system and was originally based on the dimensions of the earth, as far as it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17880335", "chunk_text": "\"U.S. Metric Association\"\nalso known as the Metre Convention (Convention du Mètre) of 1875 was signed by 17 countries, including the US, making the metric system the international system of weights and measures. Note that this was a meeting of international states to facilitate commerce. This treaty, then, falls under the overview of the United States Department of State, which has devolved oversight to the United States Department of Commerce. The Mendenhall Order of 1893 scrapped the previously used standards and definitions for the yard, pound, gallon, and bushel. It adopted the standards of the metric system and redefined the yard, pound, gallon,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12730933", "chunk_text": "\"Imperial and US customary measurement systems\"\nofficial system of units in the United Kingdom, while the customary units are still predominantly used in the United States\"\". The situation is however not as clear-cut as this. In the United States, for example, the metric system is the predominant system of measure in certain fields such as automobile manufacture even though customary units are used in aircraft manufacture. In the United Kingdom, metric units are required for almost all regulated use of units of measure except for a few specifically exempt areas such as road signs, speedometers and draught beer. The NIST statement is also incomplete as it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14699889", "chunk_text": "\"Metrication in the United States\"\ntheir procurement, grants, and other business-related activities by the end of 1992. While not mandating metric use in the private sector, the federal government has sought to serve as a catalyst in the metric conversion of the country's trade, industry, and commerce. Exceptions were made for the highway and construction industries. The Department of Transportation planned to require metric units by 2000, but this plan was canceled by the 1998 highway bill TEA21. The U.S. military has generally high use of the metric system, partly because of the need to work with other nations' militaries. Some members of Congress attempted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12497951", "chunk_text": "\"Metrication in the United States\"\nThere are no U.S. customary units for electric current, potential difference, or charge since these concepts were developed after the international adoption of metric in science. The metric units ampere, volt, ohm and coulomb are the only units used. The SI term hertz has replaced the term \"\"cycles per second\"\" as a unit of frequency. Energy is often measured in watt hours, BTUs, therms or calories rather than the SI joule. Residential and commercial electrical energy use is metered and billed in kilowatt hours, kW·h, as in most metric countries. Force measurements regularly use the pound instead of the SI", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12497959", "chunk_text": "\"Metrication in the United States\"\nmilitary uses metric measurements extensively to ensure interoperability with allied forces, particularly NATO Standardization Agreements (STANAG). Ground forces have measured distances in \"\"klicks\"\", slang for kilometers, since 1918. Most military firearms are measured in metric units, beginning with the M-14 which was introduced in 1957, although there are a few legacy exceptions, such as .50-caliber guns. Aircraft ordnance is normally measured in pounds. Heavy weapon caliber is measured in millimeters. Military vehicles are generally built to metric standards. An exception is the U.S. Navy, whose guns are measured in inches and whose undersea fleet measures distances in terms of \"\"kiloyards\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13719413", "chunk_text": "Decimalisation\nDecimalisation Decimalisation or decimalization is the conversion of a measurement system to units related by powers of 10, replacing traditional units that are related in other ways, such as those formed by successive doubling or halving, or by more arbitrary conversion factors. Units of physical measurement, such as length and mass, were decimalised with the introduction of the Metric System, which has been adopted by almost all countries with the prominent exception of the United States. Thus a kilometer is 1000 meters, while a mile is 5,280 feet. Electrical units are decimalised worldwide. Common units of time have never been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10720735", "chunk_text": "\"Metric system\"\nthis older usage is declining. In SI, which is a coherent system, the unit of power is the \"\"watt\"\", which is defined as \"\" joule per second\"\". In the US customary system of measurement, which is non-coherent, the unit of power is the \"\"horsepower\"\", which is defined as \"\"550 foot-pounds per second\"\" (the pound in this context being the pound-force). Similarly, neither the US gallon nor the imperial gallon is cubic foot or cubic yard— the US gallon is 231 cubic inches and the imperial gallon is 277.42 cubic inches. The concept of coherence was only introduced into the metric", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4465867", "chunk_text": "\"Standard units\"\nStandard units Standard units may be understood in two senses. The first sense is the general conceptual sense, as regarding standardized units used for consistent measurement. Most countries in the world use standardized units from of the metric system: The second meaning of standard unit refers to a unit of particular set of units of measurement called the standard system (versus the metric system). The standard system includes the standard units of the foot, the pound (mass), and the gallon. The United Kingdom and the United States both make, or have in the past made, use of the standard system.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17739565", "chunk_text": "\"Unit of measurement\"\nFrench National Assembly charged the French Academy of Sciences to come up such a unit system. This system was the precursor to the metric system which was quickly developed in France but did not take on universal acceptance until 1875 when The Metric Convention Treaty was signed by 17 nations. After this treaty was signed, a General Conference of Weights and Measures (CGPM) was established. The CGPM produced the current SI system which was adopted in 1954 at the 10th conference of weights and measures. Currently, the United States is a dual-system society which uses both the SI system and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5643983", "chunk_text": "\"United States customary units\"\natheistic. An auxiliary of the Institute in Ohio published a poem with wording such as \"\"down with every 'metric' scheme\"\" and \"\"A perfect inch, a perfect pint\"\". One adherent of the customary system called it \"\"a just weight and a just measure, which alone are acceptable to the Lord\"\". The U.S. government passed the Metric Conversion Act of 1975, which made the metric system \"\"the preferred system of weights and measures for U.S. trade and commerce\"\". The legislation states that the federal government has a responsibility to assist industry as it \"\"voluntarily\"\" converts to the metric system, i.e., metrification. This", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12594464", "chunk_text": "Measurement\nthe United Kingdom, the role is performed by the National Physical Laboratory (NPL), in Australia by the National Measurement Institute, in South Africa by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research and in India the National Physical Laboratory of India. Before SI units were widely adopted around the world, the British systems of English units and later imperial units were used in Britain, the Commonwealth and the United States. The system came to be known as U.S. customary units in the United States and is still in use there and in a few Caribbean countries. These various systems of measurement", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11363725", "chunk_text": "Metrication\nbase units (in particular, the metre, kilogram and second cover the majority of everyday measurements), using decimal prefixes to cover all magnitudes. This contrasts with pre-metric units, which largely have names that do not relate directly to one another (e.g. \"\"inch\"\", \"\"foot\"\", \"\"yard\"\", \"\"mile\"\") and are related to one another by inconsistent ratios which must simply be memorised (e.g. 12, 3, 1760). As the values in an SI expression are always decimal (i.e. without vulgar fractions) and mixed units (such as \"\"feet and inches\"\") are not used with SI, measurements are easy to add or multiply. Moreover, scientific measurement and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14383886", "chunk_text": "\"Metric system\"\nvia a Kibble balance. The new definition is expected to be formally propagated on 20 May 2019. While there are numerous named derived units of the metric system, such as watt and lumen, other common quantities such as velocity and acceleration do not have their own unit, but are defined in terms of existing base and derived units such as metres per second for velocity. Though other currently or formerly widespread systems of weights and measures continue to exist, such as the British imperial system and the US customary system of weights and measures, in those systems most or all", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14699944", "chunk_text": "\"Metrication in the United States\"\ndistances, in order to duplicate the competition the selected athletes are destined for, the National Championships changed to metric in 1974. However, USA Track & Field (USATF) continued to calculate the national championships in the high jump in U.S. customary units until 2002. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) switched its measurement system at the National Championship level in 1976. The final holdout was the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) administering high school sports, which switched to metric in 1980. That said, U.S. track-and-field competitions are commonly run in increments of 400 meters, which roughly correspond to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3369	how many students does monarch high school have?	n/a	[ "2,406" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10205483", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Florida)\"\n(NHS) and JROTC. Advanced Placement classes are offered also. Monarch students presently attend school from 7:40 AM to 2:40 PM, Monday through Friday on Block schedule. The current schedule requires students to attend four classes out of eight each day and a 40-minute lunch period each day with a eight-minute passing period between each class. The school has an online gradebook which allows students to check their grades from any computer connected to the internet. Other information, such as absences and missing assignments, can also be viewed. 2015 Academic Indicators College Readiness Index 22.6 Mathematics Proficiency 2.7 Reading Proficiency 2.8", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3418078", "chunk_text": "\"The Monarch School\"\nThe Monarch School The Monarch School is a combined primary and secondary school headquartered in Spring Branch, Houston, Texas. Monarch serves children with neurological disorders and learning disabilities, including Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, dyslexia, autism spectrum disorders, Tourette's syndrome, and epilepsy. Monarch opened in September 1998 with twenty-three students. Monarch now serves grades kindergarten through 12th grade. Young adults are also served through the Monarch post-graduate program and through a community-based, school-sponsored supportive living program. In 1997 the school was founded and opened for classes in the northern hemisphere fall of 1998. In 2001 the school opened its Challenger Campus. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5772199", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\nPlacement International Diplomas. In addition, 20 students were considered Scholars with Honor, 28 as Scholars with Distinction, and three as National Scholars. General info about AP can be found on the Monarch Website. Monarch High School offers 20 AP courses: Monarch became a pilot school for the High School of Business in 2008, offering national certification for college-bound students interested in pursuing a business major. An advanced-level curriculum introduces key business concepts, encourages entrepreneurial skills, requires critical thinking, and provides experiences that facilitate the transition to top business colleges. Students build valuable skills through academic courses and participation in Monarch’s", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4765539", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch School (San Diego)\"\nconstruction of the new campus. The new facility will house up to 300 students. In addition to a comprehensive educational program, the school is able to provide for other needs such as food, hygiene, clothing, school supplies, transportation and counseling. Monarch School (San Diego) Monarch School is a public K-12 school in San Diego, California, which is exclusively for students who are homeless, at risk of being homeless, or impacted by homelessness. It is the only such school in the United States. The school enrolls approximately 350 students ranging in age from 4 to 19. It was founded in 1988.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13082354", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\nMonarch High School (Colorado) Monarch High School (MHS) is a secondary school located in Louisville, Colorado, and is part of the Boulder Valley School District. The school was named a John Irwin School of Excellence for the 2004-2005 school year. In 2007, Monarch was named the Sixth Best High School in the Denver Metro Area by \"\"5280 Magazine\"\". As of 2015, \"\"Newsweek\"\" magazine ranked the high school 356th in the US, out of the top 500. Monarch High School opened in 1998 to relieve overcrowding at Centaurus High School, drawing students from the east Boulder County towns of Louisville and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3418079", "chunk_text": "\"The Monarch School\"\ncampus is located at 2815 Rosefield Drive in Spring Branch. Staff faculty and students are dispersed between 3 buildings the Chrysalis building k-12 the Butterfly building 6-12 a Administration building and a life Academy which houses a commercially licensed kitchen and a business center the Monarch school also are participants in the living building challenge which they are striving to reach a certain point to where they can complete the challenge which is to have a freestanding fully self sustained building Previously the main campus of The Monarch School was on grounds owned by the Houston Mennonite Church, within the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1383782", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch Park Collegiate Institute\"\nMonarch Park Collegiate Institute Monarch Park Collegiate (referred to MPC, Monarch Park or Monarch; formerly known as Monarch Park Secondary School) is a high school located near the intersection of Coxwell Avenue and Danforth Avenue in Toronto, Ontario, overseen by the Toronto Board of Education, which later merged into the Toronto District School Board in 1998. Monarch Park Collegiate was the first high school built in Toronto after 1937. Construction of the school began in March 1965, and was completed by late August at a cost of $3,751,654.69. In 1966 a third storey was added at a cost of $1,245,210.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5772190", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\nSuperior. Monarch's first graduating class graduated in 2001 and was also the class to decide on the coyotes as Monarch's mascot. Monarch High School is named after Monarch Mine #2 which is located under part of the campus. Monarch was originally a closed-campus, but as the population of the school grew, the school became an open campus for upperclassmen. Each high school in Boulder Valley School District has an emphasis; when opened, Monarch's emphasis was as the technology school and today has expanded to be a business/technology school. Monarch High School is located east of Boulder, in the town of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10546755", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch School, Montana\"\nMonarch School, Montana Monarch School was a year round, co-ed therapeutic boarding school located in Heron, Montana. It closed abruptly in September, 2017, with its owners citing unsustainable student enrollment as the primary reason. The school served primarily students who had previously participated in therapeutic wilderness programs for teens troubled by depression, substance abuse, addiction to electronics, and various other types of social maladjustment. Students suffering from more serious mental illness were usually referred to more structured institutions. Monarch students moved up a five-step system throughout their stay contingent on their performance in classes, work crews, and group therapy. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13082364", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\ncredits transfer to all University of Colorado campuses. If the student chooses not to attend CU, many other universities and colleges may accept the earned credits. In general, institutions that accept CU credits will accept CU Succeed credits. Students do not need to be in a special program or track to participate in these classes. These are a few of Monarch High School's current CU Succeed classes: Monarch High School's website contains course descriptions. During the 2006-2007 school year, 60 Monarch students scored three or higher on at least five Advanced Placement exams in certain subject areas to earn Advanced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13681237", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Florida)\"\nMonarch High School (Florida) Monarch High School (MHS) is a public high school located in Coconut Creek, Florida. Monarch is a part of the Broward County Public Schools system, and serves neighborhoods in: Coconut Creek, Deerfield Beach, Margate, and Pompano Beach. Monarch had an FCAT school grade of \"\"C\"\" for the 2017-2018 academic year. The pair of buildings that make up the school were designed by the Miami architectural firm Zyscovitch on a design and build basis. Building four, which houses the gym, cafeteria, and numerous classrooms, has the ability to be utilized as a hurricane shelter if necessary. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5772195", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\n- 1600m Runner-up teams: Football (2007) - 4A State Championship, Pueblo West def. Monarch 21-14 M. Swimming (2004) - 5A State Championship, 1. Regis Jesuit 451, 2. Monarch 251, 3. Arapahoe 224.5M. Swimming (2003) - 5A State Championship, 1. Regis Jesuit 371, 2. Monarch 256, 3. Thompson Valley 253 W. Basketball (2012) 5A State Championship, Legacy def. Monarch 58-51 <br> Ultimate Frisbee Mixed Division (2011) - Denver East def. Monarch 14-7 Ultimate Frisbee Mixed Division (2015) - Lakewood def. Monarch 13-12 Ultimate Frisbee Girls' Division (2014) - Littleton def. Monarch 8-3 Ultimate Frisbee Open Division (2011)- Denver East def. Monarch", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9336559", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch School, Montana\"\nFace to face interaction, reading, and physical activity were encouraged instead. Monarch School offered year-round enrollment, and cost of tuition was a \"\"flat monthly tuition rate of $7000.\"\" Partial financial aid was granted in many cases. Monarch School, Montana Monarch School was a year round, co-ed therapeutic boarding school located in Heron, Montana. It closed abruptly in September, 2017, with its owners citing unsustainable student enrollment as the primary reason. The school served primarily students who had previously participated in therapeutic wilderness programs for teens troubled by depression, substance abuse, addiction to electronics, and various other types of social maladjustment.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4765535", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch School (San Diego)\"\nMonarch School (San Diego) Monarch School is a public K-12 school in San Diego, California, which is exclusively for students who are homeless, at risk of being homeless, or impacted by homelessness. It is the only such school in the United States. The school enrolls approximately 350 students ranging in age from 4 to 19. It was founded in 1988. Monarch School is a public-private partnership between the San Diego County Office of Education and the nonprofit Monarch School Project. The nonprofit organization was initially headed by Ronne Froman, a former Navy admiral and former chief operating officer of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5893028", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch Park Collegiate Institute\"\nof the organization's book, Me to We. Monarch Park Collegiate Institute Monarch Park Collegiate (referred to MPC, Monarch Park or Monarch; formerly known as Monarch Park Secondary School) is a high school located near the intersection of Coxwell Avenue and Danforth Avenue in Toronto, Ontario, overseen by the Toronto Board of Education, which later merged into the Toronto District School Board in 1998. Monarch Park Collegiate was the first high school built in Toronto after 1937. Construction of the school began in March 1965, and was completed by late August at a cost of $3,751,654.69. In 1966 a third storey", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3418081", "chunk_text": "\"The Monarch School\"\nin 2004. The clinics were established to provide services to students of the school and to the community at large. Services include: The Monarch School requires its students to wear school uniforms. Currently the uniform is a white or dark green shirt with the Monarch symbol over the left breast, and beige pants or shorts. The Monarch School The Monarch School is a combined primary and secondary school headquartered in Spring Branch, Houston, Texas. Monarch serves children with neurological disorders and learning disabilities, including Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, dyslexia, autism spectrum disorders, Tourette's syndrome, and epilepsy. Monarch opened in September 1998", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5772192", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\nDrumline State Champions (2004)<br> Drumline State Champions (2008)<br> Drumline State Champions (2010)<br> Drumline State Champions (2011)<br> Drumline State Champions (2012)<br> Drumline State Champions (2013)<br> Hip-Hop State Champions (2012, 2015, 2016) <br> Girls' cross country (2011, 2012) <br> Football (2002) - def. Golden 42-35 Football (2012) - def. Denver South 17-14 Anthony Ferrera (2003) - wrestling - def. Jason Still of Gateway dec. 4-3, 275 lb division Geoff Meng (2006) - wrestling - def. Kyle O'Brien of Rocky Mountain in fall 3:33, 110 lb division Ultimate Frisbee Mixed Division Champions (2008) - def. Heritage 13-11 Ultimate Frisbee Mixed Division Champions (2010)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16337109", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Florida)\"\nstudent panel the year before the school opened. Plaques containing the code are present in every classroom. Monarch High School (Florida) Monarch High School (MHS) is a public high school located in Coconut Creek, Florida. Monarch is a part of the Broward County Public Schools system, and serves neighborhoods in: Coconut Creek, Deerfield Beach, Margate, and Pompano Beach. Monarch had an FCAT school grade of \"\"C\"\" for the 2017-2018 academic year. The pair of buildings that make up the school were designed by the Miami architectural firm Zyscovitch on a design and build basis. Building four, which houses the gym,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13681239", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Florida)\"\nthe students' participation in the program, their inclusion depends upon GPA and test scores. The school offers a large array of academic courses. The core academics include math, social studies, science, and English. There are many extra clubs and activities at the school, including (but not limited to) Drama Club, a wide variety of sports, a marching band, jazz band, concert band, drumline, indoor percussion, color guard, chamber orchestra, full orchestra, Debate Team, chorus, arts, cooking, step team, cheerleading, foreign language clubs, journalism club, flag football, multicultural society, an Environmental Club, Mu Alpha Theta, DECA, Key Club, National Honor Society", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13712359", "chunk_text": "\"C. Leon King High School\"\n2014—one of the highest rates in the United States. For the 2010–2011 school year, King High School received an A grade in education overall. , King high has been rated a \"\"B\"\". Its student population was 1,889 in 2014–15 and the attendance rate was 92% in 2005. King High School hosts an International Baccalaureate (IB) Program, which began in 1994. King High also offers advanced placement courses (KAPS). The Student Government Association has a structure similar to the federal government system. Fall: Winter: Spring: King High School has multiple musical programs such as Chorus and Show Choir (PRIDE), a Marching", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5772196", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\n13-9 Third-place teams: In 2010, the Varsity Cheer team placed 3rd in the 5A Colorado State competition held by CHSAA. Varsity Cheer coach Cathy Greene was awarded the 2010 Colorado Spirit Coaches Association (CSCA) Cheer Coach of the Year. Each year Monarch students garner more than $6 million in scholarships. Nearly 95% of Monarch graduates pursue 2-year or 4-year degree programs in secondary education. The school has had national award winners in forensics, art, robotics, mathematics, science and world language, and has a widely recognized Thespian Troupe. In 2004, the Colorado High School Press Association awarded Monarch High's 5A Yearbook", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13681238", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Florida)\"\ncampus is also designed to enable community use of the facilities when not being used by the school. During the school's third academic year, an additional building, Building 5, was constructed to relieve \"\"critical overcrowding\"\" and meet class size requirements. The school also has a number of portable classrooms. Currently MHS is trying to raise funds to build a football stadium on campus. Monarch High School offers the Excalibur Program, an integrated and accelerated curriculum for talented students at Monarch. The program offers a rigorous curriculum consisting of high caliber classes, including those of the Honors and AP level. Throughout", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5546262", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch School, Montana\"\nstudents at the school participated in group sessions three to four times a week. Students who graduated from the school academically but continued to require emotional support were helped to settle and find work in nearby Sandpoint, Idaho and participated in post graduate programs at the school. Monarch School, INC was incorporated in Idaho by founder Patrick McKenna in September 2000. According to The Mission Statement, \"\"The Monarch School exists to provide young adults with the foundation of knowledge and self-awareness to achieve their dreams as healthy human beings\"\". As the school did not have an official campus when it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5772207", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\nwhen, allegedly, students' cell phones were seized and their messages read and transcribed. ACLU pointed to constitutional rights and to Colorado privacy laws that would make some of the alleged actions a felony. In April 2008, new guidelines to protect students' privacy were put in place, which were commended by the ACLU. Monarch High School (Colorado) Monarch High School (MHS) is a secondary school located in Louisville, Colorado, and is part of the Boulder Valley School District. The school was named a John Irwin School of Excellence for the 2004-2005 school year. In 2007, Monarch was named the Sixth Best", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3418080", "chunk_text": "\"The Monarch School\"\ncity of Hilshire Village; Monarch has no affiliation with the church. The original Hilshire Village Campus was called the Apprentice Campus. The Craig and Lee Williams Challenger Campus was located five blocks south of the Apprentice campus. The school is currently involved in a major capital campaign program as it prepares for Phase 2 and 3 of the building project. These phases consist of two additional buildings that are to be named the Butterfly Building and the Monarch Center, and will complete The Monarch School's permanent home. Both program sites of The Monarch School have a Monarch Diagnostic Clinic, established", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5772205", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\nDenver metro area against other area high schools, and then takes their show to the state level. In the summer and fall, the majority of this group makes up the percussion group for marching band. The group finished first in the state during the 2004, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013 seasons and has otherwise received a medal in the top 3 since 2003. Recently, Monarch competed in Dayton, Ohio for the world championships, and won tenth place in open class. Monarch High School offers the following athletic programs: Fall Winter Spring Monarch offers both curricular and non-curricular activities. Art", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13082370", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\nThe top mixed choir, Madrigals, is the diplomatic choir for the high school. The advanced women's choir, Chamber Choir, is an auditioned group. The men's choir, Chaos, is an after-school for-credit ensemble that performs for the annual men's middle level choir festival and other events, and at all four concert sets annually. The other choirs are open to all students, and include Concert Choir, the freshman choir, as well as Festival Choir, a grades 10-12 mixed ensemble. Annually, the choirs sponsor festivals for the three feeder middle schools: Monarch K-8, Eldorado K-8 and Louisville Middle School. Outreach includes these festivals,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5772200", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\nDECA and FBLA chapters. In 2010, Monarch Thespians won the national championship. The drama department stages up to four performances annually. These four performances include the full-length Fall play, a spring musical in which the entire performing arts department collaborates on very large productions, as well as a weekend of student-directed one-act plays and scenes, and outreach performances of a children's show to the local middle schools. The Monarch marching band has nearly 200 members. Drumline has earned six (2004, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013) state championships. Monarch sponsors three jazz bands, the most advanced of which placed second in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5772194", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\nBrooke Collins (2007) - Golf - 70/75 (-1) overall Tom Kozacynski (2003–2005) - swimming - 200 Medley Relay, 50 Freestyle, 100 Freestyle, 200 Free Relay, 100 Breaststroke Kyle Miranda (2001–2004) - swimming - 200 Medley Relay, 100 Breaststroke, 200 Free Relay Zach Ruske (2003–2005) - swimming - 200 Medley Relay, 200 Free Relay Kyle Gordon (2004, 2005) - swimming - 200 Free Relay, 200 Medley Relay Matt Lundy (2003, 2004) - swimming - 200 Medley Relay Kirk Webb (2011) - cross country 5A Kirk Webb (2012) - track - 800m (1:51.75 State Record All Classifications) Kirk Webb (2012) - track", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5772202", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\nspend time outside of school preparing for marching competitions. During the marching season, students spend about 300 hours outside of regular school hours practicing for competitions. Monarch musicians have performed in the Colorado All-State Orchestra and the Western States Honor Orchestra. The Monarch High School orchestra was the only orchestra in Boulder Valley to be selected to perform at the Colorado Music Educators Association Conference in January 2009. Monarch's All-State choirs include mixed and same-gender choirs, small and large mixed ensembles, and after-school choirs. They perform a variety of musical styles, from Renaissance and classical, pop, rock and modern jazz.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6626888", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch Park Collegiate Institute\"\neducation, peace education, international development and environmentalism. The staff and students are from over 100 different countries and speak almost as many languages. In terms of facilities, the large group instruction room was constructed to allow topics to be presented to approximately 150 and also greatly reduced repetition of the same material. The library, located in the same wing of the school, was constructed with a mezzanine which is capable of seating about 80 students. This mezzanine was constructed so that students could study and be in easy reach of the library's research books and other material. The auditorium, located", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9037806", "chunk_text": "\"Signal Mountain Middle High School\"\nprinciple of the nearby feeder school Nolan Elementary, was announced as the new principal beginning in the fall of 2018. Currently, around 1300 students are enrolled. As of the 2014-2015 school year, the student population is 93% Caucasian, 3% African American, and 4% Other. During the 2017-2018 school year, 38 senior students (roughly 25% of the graduating class) scored a 30 or above on the ACT, including two scores of 36. The marching band, Signal Corps Marching Band, has placed in all the competitions in which it has participated. They perform at Disney World annually. Signal Mountain has participated in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3929085", "chunk_text": "\"Vanguard High School\"\nNFL football player Daunte Culpepper and Dustin Moskovitz, co-founder of Facebook. The Vanguard Knight's cross-town rivals are the Forest High School Wildcats. Raney's Inc is the school's business partner. Vanguard High is the home of the Future Educator Academy, begun in 2018. Graduates of the Future Educator Academy have the opportunity to dual enroll and complete their AA degree upon high school graduation. The student population as of the 2018-2019 school year is 1,650 students. The school is staffed by 130 people. In 1996, Vanguard began involvement with the International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma Programme. It was the 26th High School", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13593778", "chunk_text": "\"Seven Kings School\"\non the opening of new primary schools, Seven Kings' new primary school was formed as part of an existing school. Thus, Seven Kings High School along with the new primary school became Seven Kings School. As children from the primary school progress through the school, an additional 120 children will start each year. The primary school will reach full capacity by September 2021, when the original Reception intake becomes Year 6, the final year of primary education. These first children will be the founding year groups of the school and see the school grow as they move up through it.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10205484", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Florida)\"\nStudent-Teacher Ratio 24:1 U.S. News calculates these values based on student performance on state exit exams and internationally available exams on college-level course work (AP®/IB exams). Student exit exams receive grades among multiple proficiency levels established by the state. These figures display how the school as a whole performed in different subjects. Reading proficiency is determined by student results on the school's Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test or End-of-Course Assessments. Mathematics proficiency is determined by student results on the school's Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test or End-of-Course Assessments tests. This measures overall student performance on state exams. The calculations by U.S. News", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5772193", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\n- def. Denver East 15-12 <br> Ultimate Frisbee Mixed Division Champions (2012) - def. CIVA 13-9 Ultimate Frisbee Mixed Division Champions (2014) - def. Littleton 11-9 Ultimate Frisbee Girls Division Champions (2011) - def. Denver East 10-6 Ultimate Frisbee Girls Division Champions (2012) - def. Broomfield 15-5 Ultimate Frisbee Girls Division Champions (2013) - def. Broomfield 15-7 Ultimate Frisbee Girls Division Champions (2015) - def. Fairview 9-3 Ultimate Frisbee Division I Open Champions (2013) - def. Fairview 15-12 Ultimate Frisbee Division I Open Champions (2014) - def. Lakewood 12-8 Ultimate Frisbee Division I Open Champions (2015) - def. Lakewood 13-10", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13082371", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\nas well as a men's middle level festival, and also a Madrigals tour to the three middle schools. Travel is an important component of the music experience at Monarch High School. Recent trips have included in-state locations such as Pueblo, Colorado Springs, Denver, and Grand Junction. Out-of-state travel has included New York City, Salt Lake City, Orlando, and Los Angeles, and international travel has included Vienna, Salzburg and most recently, London. Monarch Indoor Percussion (sometimes known as Drumline) participates in extra-curricular activity from November through April. This group competes with a show each year in approximately 5 competitions in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12378416", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Florida)\"\nbased on data reported to the government. These are the percentages of the school's students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch, based on data reported to the government. Data are based on the 2012-2013 school year. AP® and Advanced Placement® are registered trademarks of the College Board. At the beginning of the Digital Learning Environment program, in the school's second academic year (2004–2005), students were provided with a laptop that could be taken home and brought back with them to school on a regular basis to further enhance the program. This element was withdrawn after three years because of budget", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5772197", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Colorado)\"\nFirst Place. Monarch has had national champion thespians and winners at ISEF (International Science and Engineering Fair). The Monarch High School Ultimate Frisbee team won the Colorado Mixed Division State Ultimate Championship in the spring of 2008 and again in the fall of 2010. In the spring of 2011, the frisbee team won the Colorado Girls' Division State Championship, with the Open Team achieving runner-up to Denver East. Over half of Monarch students participate in CU Succeed or AP Courses. Monarch High School students can take University of Colorado courses taught by Monarch faculty during the school day. Grades and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4793400", "chunk_text": "\"Papillion-La Vista Senior High School\"\nPapillion-La Vista Senior High School Papillion La Vista Senior High School, often referred to as Papio, PLHS, North or \"\"Old School\"\", is located in Papillion, Nebraska, United States and is operated by the Papillion-La Vista Public School District. Its school colors are maroon and gold, and its mascot is a monarch. The Papillion-La Vista Public Schools District originated well over a century ago. It is reported to be the first school district to be established in Nebraska Territory, in 1872. Papillion-La Vista High School dates back to September 1876. Originally housed in a single brick building at the corner of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16337108", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch High School (Florida)\"\ncuts, the expense of computer repairs and maintenance and because of misuse, vandalism and stolen/ lost computers. A program started by two teachers, Ellen McMillan and Ann Ayers at Monarch High, the \"\"Pinwheels for Peace Project\"\" invites students to create and display their pinwheels on the campus during the International Day of Peace and has been adopted internationally. Groups in more than 1,500 places have planted more than half a million pinwheels throughout the world. The school emphasizes a code of conduct among students, teachers, faculty and peers dubbed the \"\"Knights Code of Chivalry.\"\" The code was created by a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4765537", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch School (San Diego)\"\nteaching juvenile offenders in the court school system when she came up with the idea of a school specifically for homeless children. \"\"I realized that part of our responsibility is to take school to the students and not just wait for them to come to us,\"\" she said in 1994. From 2001 until 2013 the campus was located on West Cedar Street in the Little Italy neighborhood of Downtown San Diego. That facility started with 48 students; by 2002 it had reached its capacity of 150 students. By 2009 enough classrooms were added to be able to serve students from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17576631", "chunk_text": "\"King's High School\"\nKing's High School King's High School is a private, non-denominational Christian school, located in Shoreline, Washington, just north of Seattle. It enrolls approximately 20 students in 9th through 12th grade. King's High School also has elementary and middle schools on the same campus. King's offers Advanced Placement courses in art, biology, calculus, chemistry, English language and literature, U.S. and European history, and Spanish. In 2009, King's students took 97 AP examinations. Ninety-eight percent of King's students go on to higher education. King's competes at the 1A classification level as part of the Washington Interscholastic Activities Association. King's has won 51", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7005504", "chunk_text": "\"Durham Public Schools\"\nbuses to transport over 16,000 students throughout Durham every day. As of the 2017-2018 school year there were 33,072 students enrolled in Durham Public Schools. Hillside High School is a four-year public high school. Of more than 300 historically black high schools that once operated in the state before desegregation, only five remain today, with Hillside being the oldest. The school features the International Baccalaureate Program and the Business and Finance Academy. \"\"Students may study electronics, engineering, and child care through the Workforce Development courses, as well as traditional business classes\"\". The school mascot is the hornet. Hillside is known", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14459093", "chunk_text": "\"Martin Luther King High School (Philadelphia)\"\nhopes to become a Computer Engineer. Programs at King High include JROTC and Business and Computers Technology. Their team mascot is the cougar. As of the 2005-2006 school year, the school had a population of 1,780 students, mostly African-American. In the 2012-2013 school year King had 750 students. Germantown closed in 2013 and was merged into Martin Luther King High School, causing King's student body to increase to 1,178 for the 2013-2014 school year. A school district $304 million budget shortfall caused the schools to merge. Germantown students later attended King High and the merger was the subject of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6626887", "chunk_text": "\"Monarch Park Collegiate Institute\"\nThe school that would later be known as College Francais was founded here in 1979, before moving to Jarvis Collegiate in 1981. Monarch Park Collegiate is an International Baccalaureate World School (2007). It presently offers the IB Prep program (Grades 9 and 10) and the IB Diploma Programme (Grades 11 and 12) which started in September 2008. The current head of the department is Jacqueline Allen. Monarch Park Collegiate Institute offers a complete semestered program, open for extremely limited out-of-district student enrollment. Monarch Park Collegiate is a 'Global School' that embraces a philosophy on global education, focusing on human rights", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12269255", "chunk_text": "\"Sun Prairie Area School District\"\nSun Prairie Area School District The system, which as of the 2014-15 school year has over 7,800 enrolled students consists of nine elementary schools, two middle schools, an upper middle school, a single high school, and an alternative learning school. Which elementary school (C.H. Bird, Creekside, Eastside, Horizon, Northside, Royal Oaks or Westside) a child attends is determined by geographic proximity. The same sort of determining factor applies to the two Middle schools (Patrick Marsh and Prairie View), but all public school students attend Cardinal Heights Upper Middle School for grades 8-9 and Sun Prairie High School for grades 10-12.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10564312", "chunk_text": "\"Loyalist Collegiate and Vocational Institute\"\nwas 270, and increased to 300 in 1964. Enrollment in 2010 was approximately 750, but had further reduced to just over 500 students by 2015. Peak enrollment (near capacity) occurred in the early 1970s, when the school was by far the largest in the area, and the major decline toward today's numbers started in the early 1980s as the last of the baby boom generation graduated. Following the closure of Queen Elizabeth Collegiate and Vocational Institute in 2016, students already attending QECVI were transferred to LCVI, and enrollment is now projected to be stable until about 2020. Under principal John", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9189212", "chunk_text": "\"Martin Luther King High School (Riverside, California)\"\n(DECA), Game Design, Science Olympiad, Robotics, and a selection of Advanced Placement (AP) courses. Martin Luther King High School, commonly referred to as \"\"King High School,\"\" opened in 1999 and was the first high school to be built in Riverside, California since 1973. The first year enrollment was 858 students in grades 9 and 10. Martin Luther King High School added grade 11 in 2000 and grade 12 in 2001. Its first class graduated in 2002. Its first four-year class (students who attended Martin Luther King High School for all four years of their high school career) graduated in 2003.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9236098", "chunk_text": "\"Papillion-La Vista Senior High School\"\nhad attended classes at the two junior high schools in the district. After the school district opened a second high school, the freshman class was moved from the junior high schools to the two high schools. Papillion-La Vista Senior High School Papillion La Vista Senior High School, often referred to as Papio, PLHS, North or \"\"Old School\"\", is located in Papillion, Nebraska, United States and is operated by the Papillion-La Vista Public School District. Its school colors are maroon and gold, and its mascot is a monarch. The Papillion-La Vista Public Schools District originated well over a century ago. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3370	who sings i just want to use your love tonight?	n/a	[ "English rock band the Outfield" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1455874", "chunk_text": "\"Use Somebody\"\nUse Somebody \"\"Use Somebody\"\" is a song by American rock group Kings of Leon. It was the second single from the band's fourth studio album \"\"Only by the Night\"\" (2008), released on December 8, 2008. The single received heavy airplay in Scandinavia, the Republic of Ireland, Germany, the United Kingdom and Australia, where it was number one on the Official Airplay Chart for six consecutive weeks. It was a huge success in the U.S., where it topped multiple airplay formats and reached number four on the Hot 100 and number one on the Pop Songs chart. The song received positive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12788035", "chunk_text": "\"I Need Your Love Tonight\"\nI Need Your Love Tonight \"\"I Need Your Love Tonight\"\" is a song written by Sid Wayne and Bix Reichner and recorded by Elvis Presley on June 10, 1958, in RCA Studios, Nashville, Tennessee. It was the second of several single releases recorded at a final session conducted just prior to Presley leaving the US for Germany to serve in the United States Army; he would not return to a recording studio until the spring of 1960. The song reached number four on the \"\"Billboard\"\" pop singles chart in 1959. Released as a double A-side with \"\"A Fool Such as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12788036", "chunk_text": "\"I Need Your Love Tonight\"\nI\"\", the song reached No. 1 in the UK Singles Chart in May 1959 for five weeks. In 1985, Alvin and the Chipmunks recorded a version titled \"\"I Need That Gold Tonight\"\" for international versions of the \"\"Alvin and the Chipmunks\"\" episode \"\"The Gold of My Dreams\"\". I Need Your Love Tonight \"\"I Need Your Love Tonight\"\" is a song written by Sid Wayne and Bix Reichner and recorded by Elvis Presley on June 10, 1958, in RCA Studios, Nashville, Tennessee. It was the second of several single releases recorded at a final session conducted just prior to Presley leaving", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9005681", "chunk_text": "\"I Could Use a Love Song\"\nI Could Use a Love Song \"\"I Could Use a Love Song\"\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Maren Morris for her debut studio album, \"\"Hero\"\" (2016). Morris wrote the song with Jimmy Robbins and Laura Veltz, and co-produced the track with busbee. It was released to North American country radio on March 27, 2017 through Columbia Nashville as the album's third single. A song about heartbreak and finding redemption through love, it garnered positive reviews from critics. \"\"I Could Use a Love Song\"\" reached number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Country Airplay chart, giving Morris", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2159707", "chunk_text": "\"Use Somebody\"\nof all time, just two places behind \"\"Sex on Fire\"\" with its 90 weeks. The song has attracted many cover versions, with CBS affiliate Live 105 radio listing the top 10 covers and \"\"Stereogum\"\" website listing the top 15, both lists published in 2010. CD single iTunes exclusive EP Use Somebody \"\"Use Somebody\"\" is a song by American rock group Kings of Leon. It was the second single from the band's fourth studio album \"\"Only by the Night\"\" (2008), released on December 8, 2008. The single received heavy airplay in Scandinavia, the Republic of Ireland, Germany, the United Kingdom and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9005685", "chunk_text": "\"I Could Use a Love Song\"\nat number one on the Country Airplay chart dated January 20, 2018, giving Morris her second number one single, and her first as a solo artist. I Could Use a Love Song \"\"I Could Use a Love Song\"\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Maren Morris for her debut studio album, \"\"Hero\"\" (2016). Morris wrote the song with Jimmy Robbins and Laura Veltz, and co-produced the track with busbee. It was released to North American country radio on March 27, 2017 through Columbia Nashville as the album's third single. A song about heartbreak and finding", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5373686", "chunk_text": "\"La Bouche\"\nsessions that didn't make the final cut. <div class=\"\"references\"\"> La Bouche La Bouche (French for \"\"The Mouth\"\") is a German-American dance music duo act best known for the dance hits \"\"Be My Lover\"\", \"\"Sweet Dreams\"\", \"\"Fallin' in Love\"\", \"\"I Love to Love\"\" and \"\"Tonight is the Night\"\". La Bouche was founded in 1994 by German record producer Frank Farian in Frankfurt, Germany. Techno DJ Ulli Brenner and producer Amir Saraf worked together to produce the music for the act while singer Melanie Thornton and rapper/singer Lane McCray fronted the act. Thornton departed La Bouche in 2001. In 2001, Thornton died", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1276343", "chunk_text": "\"Kashif (musician)\"\nas a solo artist and continued with hits like \"\"I Just Gotta Have You (Lover Turn Me On)\"\", \"\"Stone Love\"\", \"\"Help Yourself to My Love\"\", and the Grammy-nominated instrumental \"\"The Mood\"\". In 1984, his second album, \"\"Send Me Your Love\"\" resulted in two Grammy nominations, \"\"Edgartown Groove\"\", featuring Al Jarreau, and the instrumental \"\"Call Me Tonight\"\" along with the hits \"\"Baby Don't Break Your Baby's Heart\"\" and \"\"Are You the Woman\"\". Introduced to Arista by Milton Allen, its artist development director in 1983, his self-titled debut album \"\"Kashif\"\" (1983) spawned the hits \"\"I Just Gotta Have You (Lover Turn Me", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3980761", "chunk_text": "\"La Bouche\"\nLa Bouche La Bouche (French for \"\"The Mouth\"\") is a German-American dance music duo act best known for the dance hits \"\"Be My Lover\"\", \"\"Sweet Dreams\"\", \"\"Fallin' in Love\"\", \"\"I Love to Love\"\" and \"\"Tonight is the Night\"\". La Bouche was founded in 1994 by German record producer Frank Farian in Frankfurt, Germany. Techno DJ Ulli Brenner and producer Amir Saraf worked together to produce the music for the act while singer Melanie Thornton and rapper/singer Lane McCray fronted the act. Thornton departed La Bouche in 2001. In 2001, Thornton died in the tragic Crossair Flight 3597 crash in Zürich,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8051210", "chunk_text": "SWV\nNo. 18 on the Hot 100 in the spring of 1994. That same year, SWV released \"\"The Remixes\"\", which went gold by the end of the year. In the summer of 1995, the trio lent vocal harmonies to Blackstreet's Top 40 R&B hit \"\"Tonight's the Night\"\". \"\"New Beginning\"\" was the second album from SWV. The first single, \"\"You're the One\"\", became one of their signature songs peaking at number five on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and topped the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart. The second single, \"\"Use Your Heart\"\", saw the debut of the super producers The Neptunes. This song peaked", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9626480", "chunk_text": "\"La Bouche\"\nand \"\"I Love to Love\"\". While still with the group, Thornton had some American chart success as featured vocalist on the Le Click hit \"\"Tonight is the Night\"\", which reached number 68 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. The song was included on the U.S. version of La Bouche's debut album, peaking at number 28 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200. It was certified platinum by the RIAA and sold over 8 million copies worldwide. Thornton provided guest vocals on a lot of dance projects on single releases such as on Orange Blue's \"\"If You Wanna Be (My Only)\"\", Comic's \"\"I Surrender to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10428268", "chunk_text": "\"Just Tonight\"\nJust Tonight \"\"Just Tonight\"\" is a song by American rock band The Pretty Reckless from their debut studio album, \"\"Light Me Up\"\" (2010). Band members Taylor Momsen and Ben Phillips co-wrote the song with its producer, Kato Khandwala. It was released on December 23, 2010, as the third and final single from the album. The release date for the single was originally announced as November 9, 2010 before being pushed back to December 13. The release date was pushed back again to December 26, when it was released as a digital download. \"\"Just Tonight\"\" received mostly positive reviews from critics.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12586977", "chunk_text": "\"Need Your Love (Cheap Trick song)\"\nNeed Your Love (Cheap Trick song) Need Your Love is a song written by Rick Nielsen and Tom Petersson that was originally performed by American rock band Cheap Trick. The song appeared on Cheap Trick's 1979 album \"\"Dream Police\"\". A live version was included on the 1978 album \"\"Cheap Trick at Budokan\"\", which initially appeared only in Japan but eventually was in the United States in early 1979. Because Cheap Trick was immensely popular in Japan, the band's Japanese label demanded that \"\"At Budokan\"\" include three new songs. The three songs were \"\"Ain't That a Shame\"\", \"\"Goodnight Now\"\", and \"\"Need", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8098283", "chunk_text": "\"Tonight's the Night (Gonna Be Alright)\"\nThe song has been remade by such artists as: Linda Clifford, Nicky Moore, and sung by Anthony Kavanagh, Terry Steele, who reached number forty-four on the R&B singles chart, and Alison Crawford on \"\"Grease is the Word\"\". In Janet Jackson's cover, the lyrics imply that she and her partner are about to share a threesome with another woman. Jackson begins the song by saying, \"\"This is just between me and you...and you.\"\" Additionally, each chorus addresses a different person, as she sings, \"\"'Cause I love you, boy\"\" in one and \"\"'Cause I love you, girl\"\" in another. \"\"She even makes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20935309", "chunk_text": "\"I Just Wanna Be Loved\"\nthe song was on strong rotation on many popular radio stations, the song went to #18 there. It was released in the autumn of 1998 in the rest of the world. The comeback song went straight in at #4 on the UK Singles Chart, during a week where the entire top five positions were held by new entries for the first time. The top five was completed by Cher with \"\"Believe\"\", George Michael with \"\"Outside\"\", U2 with \"\"Sweetest Thing\"\", and Alanis Morissette with \"\"Thank U\"\". 1. I Just Wanna Be Loved (single version) 2. I Just Wanna Be Loved (Magic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18797982", "chunk_text": "\"Tonight I'm Yours\"\nTonight I'm Yours Tonight I'm Yours is the eleventh studio album by Rod Stewart, released in 1981. It features hints of classic rock, pop and new wave. The album had three hit singles, with the title track \"\"Tonight I'm Yours (Don't Hurt Me)\"\" (US \"\"Billboard\"\" No. 20, US \"\"Cash Box\"\" No. 15; Canada No. 2), \"\"Young Turks\"\" (US No. 5), and \"\"How Long\"\" (US No. 49). \"\"Tonight I'm Yours\"\" saw Rod Stewart further adopting current musical trends, after some disco-influenced songs on \"\"Blondes Have More Fun\"\" and \"\"Foolish Behaviour\"\", by adding elements of synth-pop and new wave to a couple", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "792124", "chunk_text": "\"If Only for One Night\"\nIf Only for One Night \"\"If Only for One Night\"\" is a 1979 song written by singer Brenda Russell. The song is from her debut album \"\"Brenda Russell\"\" (1979). American recording artist Luther Vandross recorded a cover version for his album \"\"The Night I Fell in Love\"\" (1985). Vandross has performed the song on several concert tours, including his \"\"The Night I Fell in Love Tour\"\" (1985). The song was sampled for the song \"\"Let Me Hold You\"\" (2005) by Bow Wow featuring Omarion. Tamar Braxton also sampled the song on the track \"\"I Love You\"\" from her album, \"\"Calling", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4033236", "chunk_text": "\"Save Tonight\"\na cover version of \"\"Save Tonight\"\" as the first single from their second studio album \"\"Rewind\"\". Released first through digital stores on May 28, the single received a physical release on June 16. The single peaked at number three on the Swedish singles chart. Save Tonight \"\"Save Tonight\"\" is a song by Swedish rock musician Eagle-Eye Cherry and the lead single from his 1997 debut album, \"\"Desireless\"\". It is the album's opening track and gained substantial radio success, reaching number 3 in Ireland, number 5 in the US, number 6 in the UK, and number 2 in Cherry's native Sweden.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19859329", "chunk_text": "\"Spend the Night in Love\"\nSpend the Night in Love \"\"Spend the Night in Love\"\" is a 1980 song by The Four Seasons. It was composed by Lenny Goldsmith and Judy Parker (aka Bob Gaudio) and produced by Gaudio. It was a non-album single as a studio-recorded version. However, a live version of the song had first been included on their 1980 live LP, \"\"Reunited\"\". The song reached number 91 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. \"\"Spend the Night in Love\"\" became a major hit in South Africa, where it peaked at number four. The song was the group's only charting single during the 1980s.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19859330", "chunk_text": "\"Spend the Night in Love\"\nSpend the Night in Love \"\"Spend the Night in Love\"\" is a 1980 song by The Four Seasons. It was composed by Lenny Goldsmith and Judy Parker (aka Bob Gaudio) and produced by Gaudio. It was a non-album single as a studio-recorded version. However, a live version of the song had first been included on their 1980 live LP, \"\"Reunited\"\". The song reached number 91 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. \"\"Spend the Night in Love\"\" became a major hit in South Africa, where it peaked at number four. The song was the group's only charting single during the 1980s.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4033233", "chunk_text": "\"Save Tonight\"\nSave Tonight \"\"Save Tonight\"\" is a song by Swedish rock musician Eagle-Eye Cherry and the lead single from his 1997 debut album, \"\"Desireless\"\". It is the album's opening track and gained substantial radio success, reaching number 3 in Ireland, number 5 in the US, number 6 in the UK, and number 2 in Cherry's native Sweden. It was voted song of the year by New Zealand radio station The Edge in 1997. \"\"Save Tonight\"\" is considered the signature song of Eagle-Eye Cherry. It was awarded a Rockbjörnen award in the \"\"Swedish song of the year 1997\"\" category. The monochrome video", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13059987", "chunk_text": "\"Mallori Nicole\"\nMallori Nicole Mallori Nicole (born November 10, 1994 as Mallory Nicole Leitner)is an American pop artist from St. Louis, MO. Since the age of 6 she has been performing and singing. This was just the start of Mallori's passion for the music industry. JoJo and Jordin Sparks are her idols. They inspired her to sing. Her recent popular song is \"\"Not gonna be used\"\". Mallori Nicole was born on November 10, 1994, in St. Louis, Missouri. Since the age of 6 she has been performing and singing. Her family would gather around at home to watch her sing and dance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2853934", "chunk_text": "\"Need Your Loving Tonight\"\nNeed Your Loving Tonight \"\"Need Your Loving Tonight\"\" is a song by the rock band Queen and written by bass guitarist John Deacon. It is the fourth track on the first side of their 1980 album \"\"The Game\"\" and the second song on the album by Deacon (the other being \"\"Another One Bites the Dust\"\"). It was released as a single in November 1980 and peaked at #44 in the United States. Allmusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine felt that the band sounded like Boston on the song. \"\"Ultimate Classic Rock\"\" critic Eduardo Rivadavia described the song as \"\"infectious power pop.\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18691345", "chunk_text": "\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\nJohn Sebastian on autoharp, reached No. 62 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" country music chart. Other artists who either recorded or performed the song in concert include country music singers Tim McGraw, Donna Fargo, Skeeter Davis and Conway Twitty, R&B vocalist Millie Jackson, the German disco musician Peter Griffin, British glam rock band Smokie, reggae artists Barbara Jones, and Eddie Lovette, Filipino singer Pops Fernandez, Bob Dylan, Paul Butterfield, Billy Joe Royal, and the Spanish group Mocedades. In 2002, the American-Taiwanese singer Will Pan released a bilingual English/Chinese version of the song. Dana Winner recorded \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\" for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11844114", "chunk_text": "\"Let Me Love You Tonight\"\nLet Me Love You Tonight \"\"Let Me Love You Tonight\"\" is a 1980 song by the American pop and country rock band Pure Prairie League. Taken as the first single from their 1980 album, \"\"Firin' Up\"\", \"\"Let Me Love You Tonight\"\" became the band's first (and, to date, only) song to enter the top 10 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart, where it peaked at number 10 during the summer of 1980, and remained in the Top 40 for 11 weeks. The song also spent three weeks at number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" adult contemporary chart. The lead vocalist for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "792125", "chunk_text": "\"If Only for One Night\"\nAll Lovers\"\" (2015). If Only for One Night \"\"If Only for One Night\"\" is a 1979 song written by singer Brenda Russell. The song is from her debut album \"\"Brenda Russell\"\" (1979). American recording artist Luther Vandross recorded a cover version for his album \"\"The Night I Fell in Love\"\" (1985). Vandross has performed the song on several concert tours, including his \"\"The Night I Fell in Love Tour\"\" (1985). The song was sampled for the song \"\"Let Me Hold You\"\" (2005) by Bow Wow featuring Omarion. Tamar Braxton also sampled the song on the track \"\"I Love You\"\" from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11953212", "chunk_text": "\"Andrew Fromm\"\nAndrew Fromm Andrew Fromm is a songwriter from Edison, New Jersey, currently living in Franklin, Tennessee in the Nashville area. He is married to Beth Hood and they have a son, Hudson. Andrew Fromm is a successful songwriter living in the Nashville area who has written songs for the Backstreet Boys, Marc Anthony, Westlife, Kristine W, OPM, 2Gether, Soluna, Nobody's Angel, Judith Lefeber, Christian Bautista, Nikki Webster, C21, Hiromi Go and many others. After appearing on the final season of Ed McMahon's Star Search where he played the original song \"\"I Need You Tonight\"\", his song landed on the Backstreet", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1642376", "chunk_text": "\"I've Got to Use My Imagination\"\nI've Got to Use My Imagination \"\"I've Got to Use My Imagination\"\" is a song recorded by Gladys Knight & the Pips. Released from the hit album, \"\"Imagination\"\", which was their debut album with Buddah Records, the song was a success on the soul and pop charts. It spent a week at number one on the Hot Soul Singles chart in early 1974 and peaked at number four on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, becoming one of their highest charting songs. It eventually sold over one million copies. On the series \"\"A Different World\"\", Whitley, Jaleesa and another classmate perform the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10574601", "chunk_text": "\"Chris Traynor\"\nOnly Way Out\"\" which peaked at #11 on the Active Rock Charts. Chris Traynor Chris Traynor (born June 22, 1973, in Long Island, New York) is an American guitarist, bassist and studio musician. He has played with Orange 9mm, Helmet, Bush, Rival Schools, Institute, Gavin Rossdale, and High Desert Fires. Traynor has performed live with the British rock band Blur, recorded bass and guitars on Katy Perry's \"\"Use Your Love\"\" with producer Junior Sanchez, and recorded guitars for Peter Green of Fleetwood Mac, producer Dave Stewart, and Pharrell of NERD. Traynor has also done studio soundtrack work with Blue Man", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17433063", "chunk_text": "\"Just Give Me a Reason\"\na Reason\"\" is a pop ballad written by both artists and produced by Jeff Bhasker, who was also the lead producer for \"\"Some Nights\"\", the second album from Ruess' band, fun. \"\"Just Give Me a Reason\"\" starts off with a simple melody played on the piano, as Pink starts to sing the first verse and chorus, the latter of which introduces drum machines and bass. The second verse is then sung by Ruess, and the rest of the song is sung as a duet. The song ends with a piano solo, similar to the intro. It has a duration of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20830517", "chunk_text": "\"Lindy Robbins\"\nLindy Robbins Lindy Robbins is an American multi-platinum selling songwriter from Los Angeles, whose hits include Demi Lovato's \"\"Skyscraper\"\", Jason Derulo's \"\"Want to Want Me\"\", David Guetta's \"\"Dangerous\"\" featuring Sam Martin, MKTO's \"\"Classic\"\", Hot Chelle Rae's \"\"Tonight, Tonight\"\", Jason Derulo's \"\"It Girl\"\" and Astrid S' \"\"Hurts So Good\"\" as well as songs recorded by Dua Lipa, Jennifer Hudson and One Direction. Robbins grew up in the San Fernando Valley. She started singing with her musician father Wally when she was three-years-old, and was an acclaimed performer in NYC and LA before becoming a full-time, award-winning and multi-platinum selling songwriter in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8464588", "chunk_text": "\"Tonight (I'm Lovin' You)\"\nTonight (I'm Lovin' You) \"\"Tonight (I'm Fuckin' You)\"\", censored as \"\"Tonight (I'm Fkin' You)\"\", and also known as \"\"Tonight (I'm Lovin' You)\"\" or simply \"\"Tonight\"\" in altered versions, is a song by Spanish singer Enrique Iglesias. It features American rapper Ludacris and producer DJ Frank E. The song was released to US radio on 1 November 2010, as the album’s second US single, and digitally on 22 November 2010. The altered version of the song was included on the French Limited Edition of Euphoria. The official remix features American rapper Pitbull. \"\"Tonight (I'm Lovin' You)\"\" was a worldwide hit for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "158151", "chunk_text": "\"Help Me Make It Through the Night\"\n1980, Willie Nelson covered the song. His rendition became a hit on the Country music charts of both the U.S. and Canada. In 2007, it was recorded for a second time in French with Annie Blanchard (Musicor Records) and the song made the Top 20 for 26 weeks, reaching a high of #6. Other artists who have recorded the song include: Johnny Cash and his wife, June Carter Cash, recorded it as a duet. The recording is found on the 2006 compilation \"\"\"\", released by Sony BMG. In this version, Johnny Cash inserts \"\"June\"\" before the line \"\"tonight I need", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7222514", "chunk_text": "\"Just Give Me a Reason\"\nJust Give Me a Reason \"\"Just Give Me a Reason\"\" is a song recorded by American singer and songwriter Pink, featuring fun.'s lead singer Nate Ruess. The song was chosen as the third single from Pink's sixth studio album, \"\"The Truth About Love\"\" (2012). Jeff Bhasker assisted the artists in writing the song and is also the producer. \"\"Just Give Me a Reason\"\" is a pop ballad about the desire to hold on to a relationship even when it appears to be breaking down. The song received critical acclaim, with many critics deeming the song as the best track within", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "399842", "chunk_text": "\"Kermit Quinn\"\nKermit Quinn Kermit Quinn, who also performs as Quinn, is an American R&B singer. He has been a member of the vocal groups Intro and Blackstreet. He is a native of Atlanta, Georgia. His song \"\"Let Me Do Me\"\" was featured in the 2005 film \"\"Beauty Shop\"\". Quinn sang on saxophonist Boney James's cover of James Taylor's \"\"Don't Let Me Be Lonely Tonight\"\", on the 2009 album \"\"Send One Your Love\"\". He is currently the lead singer of the cover band JukeBox. Quinn and Boney James were nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Traditional R&B Performance for \"\"Don't Let", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7714256", "chunk_text": "\"Saving All My Love for You\"\nwith lyrics like, \"\"You've got your family, and they need you there/Though I've tried to resist, being last on your list/But no other man's gonna do/So I'm saving all my love for you.\"\" Dave Heaton of \"\"PopMatters\"\" wrote that Whitney sings some parts with bittersweet lightness (\"\"that’s just an old fantasy\"\") and other parts with urgent heaviness (\"\"tonight is the night\"\"), exactly right for carrying the feelings in the song. The song also caused controversy due to its lyrics about having an affair with a married man. Houston's mother Cissy Houston didn't at all like the scenario described in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8788631", "chunk_text": "\"Just for Tonight (One Night Only song)\"\nJust for Tonight (One Night Only song) \"\"Just for Tonight\"\" is a song by One Night Only, from their 2008 album \"\"Started a Fire\"\". It reached #9 in the UK Singles Chart in February 2008 and #4 in the Dutch Top 40. UK CD single 7\"\" vinyl Following on from their successful video for the debut single, You and Me, which was shot in their native Helmsley, the band kept faith with North Yorkshire locations and shot the video for Just For Tonight in various locations in Scarborough. During the Euro 2008 football tournament, Dutch public broadcaster NOS used \"\"Just", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3518258", "chunk_text": "\"Just to Hear You Say That You Love Me\"\nJust to Hear You Say That You Love Me \"\"Just to Hear You Say That You Love Me\"\" is a song written by Diane Warren and recorded by pop singer Chynna Phillips for her solo debut album, \"\"Naked and Sacred\"\", released in 1995. The song was released as the fourth and final single from the album, and peaked at #64 in Australia in February 1997. In 1998, the song was recorded by country singer Faith Hill as a duet with her husband Tim McGraw. It was the second single from Hill's multi-platinum 1998 album, \"\"Faith\"\". The video for the song", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1552381", "chunk_text": "\"Use Me (Bill Withers song)\"\nUse Me (Bill Withers song) \"\"Use Me\"\" is a song, composed and originally recorded by Bill Withers, which was included on his 1972 album \"\"Still Bill\"\". It was his second-biggest hit in the United States, released in September 1972, and later reaching No. 2 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart. Ity was kept from No. 1 by both: Ben by Michael Jackson and My Ding-a-Ling by Chuck Berry. \"\"Use Me\"\" also peaked at No. 2 on the soul chart for two weeks. Withers performed the song on \"\"Soul Train\"\" on November 4, 1972. \"\"Billboard\"\" ranked it as the No. 78", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1159468", "chunk_text": "\"Vince Melouney\"\nVince Melouney Vince Melouney (born 18 August 1945) is an Australian guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter. He joined the bands Billy Thorpe & The Aztecs, Vince & Tony's Two, Bee Gees, Fanny Adams and The Vince Maloney Sect. Melouney was born in Sydney. He was a founder member of Billy Thorpe & The Aztecs, playing with the band as lead guitarist from 1963 to 1965, which was followed by a short-lived duo with fellow Aztec Tony Barber, called Vince & Tony's Two. In 1966, he released \"\"I Need Your Lovin' Tonight\"\" and its B-side, \"\"Mystery Train\"\"; Barry Gibb, Robin Gibb, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6372429", "chunk_text": "\"Barbara George\"\nand made number 3 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart. It was later recorded by many other artistes, including Freddie King, Paul Revere & the Raiders (1966), the Merseybeats, Ike and Tina Turner, and Bonnie Raitt (1972). Two subsequent releases, \"\"You Talk About Love\"\" (on AFO) and \"\"Send For Me (If You Need Some Lovin')\"\" (on Sue Records), reached the Billboard Hot 100 later in 1962, but failed to match the national success of her first hit. Later recordings such as the 1979 Senator Jones produced \"\"Take Me Somewhere Tonight\"\", met with more limited success, and George largely retired from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10574594", "chunk_text": "\"Chris Traynor\"\nChris Traynor Chris Traynor (born June 22, 1973, in Long Island, New York) is an American guitarist, bassist and studio musician. He has played with Orange 9mm, Helmet, Bush, Rival Schools, Institute, Gavin Rossdale, and High Desert Fires. Traynor has performed live with the British rock band Blur, recorded bass and guitars on Katy Perry's \"\"Use Your Love\"\" with producer Junior Sanchez, and recorded guitars for Peter Green of Fleetwood Mac, producer Dave Stewart, and Pharrell of NERD. Traynor has also done studio soundtrack work with Blue Man Group, and with critically acclaimed indie rock band Rival Schools. Traynor has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2002623", "chunk_text": "\"Billy Myles\"\nBilly Myles William Myles Nobles (August 29, 1924 – October 9, 2005), known as Billy Myles, was an American R&B songwriter and singer active in the 1950s and 1960s. He is best known for writing \"\"Tonight, Tonight\"\" recorded by The Mello-Kings, \"\"(You Were Made for) All My Love\"\" recorded by Jackie Wilson (1960), and \"\"Have You Ever Loved A Woman\"\" recorded by Freddie King (1960), then Eric Clapton (1970). Billy Myles specialised in love ballads (sometimes in the doo-wop style) and 'Uptown Blues' songs, occasionally co-writing with vocalists such as Jackie Wilson and Brook Benton. Artists who recorded his songs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3045241", "chunk_text": "\"Love Language\"\nLove Language Love Language was the eighth album by R&B/Soul crooner Teddy Pendergrass. It was his first record for Asylum Records after being a longtime artist on Philadelphia International Records. It did much better on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 than his last two records, peaking at #38. He had not reached the top 40 on the album charts since 1981's \"\"It's Time for Love\"\". The album was composed and produced by Michael Masser, with the exception of the track \"\"You're My Choice Tonight (Choose Me)\"\" (#15 R&B chart, November 3, 1984), which was produced by Luther Vandross and featured Cissy Houston", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20830520", "chunk_text": "\"Lindy Robbins\"\n2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 Lindy Robbins Lindy Robbins is an American multi-platinum selling songwriter from Los Angeles, whose hits include Demi Lovato's \"\"Skyscraper\"\", Jason Derulo's \"\"Want to Want Me\"\", David Guetta's \"\"Dangerous\"\" featuring Sam Martin, MKTO's \"\"Classic\"\", Hot Chelle Rae's \"\"Tonight, Tonight\"\", Jason Derulo's \"\"It Girl\"\" and Astrid S' \"\"Hurts So Good\"\" as well as songs recorded by Dua Lipa, Jennifer Hudson and One Direction. Robbins grew up in the San Fernando Valley. She started singing with her musician father Wally when she was three-years-old, and was an acclaimed performer in NYC and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20830518", "chunk_text": "\"Lindy Robbins\"\n1997. Robbins now resides in Los Angeles, California. Lindy Robbins is a multi-platinum selling and award-winning songwriter from Los Angeles whose hits include songs by many of the top artists in the music industry. Recent #1 Radio Hits include: the worldwide smash \"\"Want to Want Me\"\" by Jason Derulo; the international hit by David Guetta (feat Sam Martin), \"\"Dangerous\"\" and Hot Chelle Rae’s #1 Adult Top 40, \"\"Tonight, Tonight\"\". Other chart toppers include: \"\"Skyscraper\"\" by Demi Lovato; \"\"Classic\"\" by MKTO; \"\"Slow Down\"\"; \"\"It Girl\"\"; \"\"Miss Movin' On\"\" by Fifth Harmony; “Kiss Me\"\" by [Olly Murs]; “Hurts so Good” by Astrid", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18635467", "chunk_text": "\"I'm Just Talkin' About Tonight\"\nI'm Just Talkin' About Tonight \"\"I'm Just Talkin' About Tonight\"\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Toby Keith. It was released in May 2001 as the first single from his 2001 album \"\"Pull My Chain\"\". The song reached number one on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart for the week of September 15, 2001. Keith wrote this song with Scotty Emerick. Keith wrote about the inspiration for the song on his website. \"\"I used to make my living in clubs, so I had ample opportunity to watch a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9519921", "chunk_text": "\"Kaleidoscope Dream\"\namong other producers. Singer-songwriter Alicia Keys co-wrote and sang background vocals on the song \"\"Where's the Fun in Forever\"\"; singer-songwriter Elle Varner co-wrote \"\"Use Me\"\"; and Brook D'Leau of J*Davey played keyboards on \"\"Candles in the Sun\"\". Apart from sexual themes, Miguel wrote about conversational and existential topics. When writing \"\"Pussy Is Mine\"\", he drew on his sexual behavior as a single man and \"\"moments of power and vulnerability\"\" with a sexually promiscuous woman. Miguel originally co-wrote \"\"Where's the Fun in Forever\"\" with Alicia Keys in Jamaica, a collaboration for her project. Miguel deemed the notion of the song \"\"such", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15488652", "chunk_text": "\"Just for Tonight (Vanessa Williams song)\"\nJust for Tonight (Vanessa Williams song) \"\"Just For Tonight\"\" is the fourth single from Vanessa Williams' second studio album, \"\"The Comfort Zone\"\" (1991). The song was slightly remixed for the single and reached No. 2 on the US Adult Contemporary Charts. The single's B-side is \"\"Whatever Happens\"\", a song from her 1988 debut album \"\"The Right Stuff\"\", while the CD single contains the previously unreleased song \"\"Love Like This\"\", which was later also to be included on the compilation album \"\"Love Songs\"\" (2004). The song tells about a woman who wants to share one more night with her lover before", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5801622", "chunk_text": "\"Joy Salinas\"\nGood\"\" (by Mario Fargetta) and \"\"Calling You Love\"\", a hit of summer 1994, with rapper Kevin Orlando Ettienne. In 1995, she released \"\"Let Me Say I Do\"\". In 1997, Salinas released the album \"\"Dream in Paradise\"\", which included the single \"\"Give Me a Break\"\", the soundtrack of the film . After a break, Salinas returned in 2013 with an album titled \"\"Starlight\"\". Joy Salinas Joy Salinas is a Filipino singer, and a specialist in dance music. Joy Salinas started playing the guitar at the age of 14. In the 1980s, she moved to Italy, and in 1987 won an audition", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3371	how many episodes in my name is earl season 4?	n/a	[ "27" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7995149", "chunk_text": "\"My Name Is Earl\"\nthe United States, earning a 6.6 rating. By the airing of the third episode it was apparent that \"\"My Name Is Earl\"\" was the highest rated of NBC's new fall offerings, and a full season (22 episodes) was ordered. In its first month, it was also the highest rated new sitcom of the season to air on any network and was the highest rated sitcom on any network in the 18–49-year-old demographic. The show was renewed for a second season (2006-07), a third (2007-08), and a fourth (2008-09). 20th Century Fox Television has cleared \"\"My Name Is Earl\"\" in nearly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14865767", "chunk_text": "\"My Name Is Earl (season 2)\"\nMy Name Is Earl (season 2) The second season of My Name Is Earl originally aired from September 21, 2006 to May 10, 2007. The season consisted of 23 episodes. The DVD was originally released on September 25, 2007. Its bonus material included deleted scenes, commentary tracks on selected episodes, as well as other features. Unlike the previous season, there was a loose story arc, in which Joy steals a truck and accidentally kidnaps a man inside it. As this was her third strike, Joy faces life imprisonment, leading to her trial in the season finale. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> 20th Century Fox", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7995140", "chunk_text": "\"My Name Is Earl\"\nchange of heart. She divorces Earl and gives him the rest of her insurance settlement money. The fourth season goes back to focusing on Earl doing good deeds to cross off his list. A major story arc during this season was that Darnell, who is actually a former assassin from a secret government agency, blows his witness protection cover. He, Joy and his family are forced to change identities and relocate until Darnell's father, also from the agency, goes on a mission with Darnell which clears them of needing protection. The season ends with a cliffhanger episode in which Earl", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18263845", "chunk_text": "\"My Name Is Earl\"\nequipment was \"\"supposed to go to Camden, New Jersey, but came here instead\"\". In \"\"Earl and Joy's Anniversary\"\", when killer bees have invaded Camden and then left, Iqball says that the bees are heading for Texas. The flashback episodes \"\"Inside Probe\"\" describe Camden County as trying to stay independent during the American Civil War and forming its own country called Central, which lasted less than a day. The series ended abruptly on May 19, 2009 after running for four seasons. Season four had ended with the caption 'To Be Continued'. The series' producer, 20th Century Fox Television, approached the Fox,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14865768", "chunk_text": "\"My Name Is Earl (season 2)\"\nHome Entertainment produces and distributes season 2. My Name Is Earl (season 2) The second season of My Name Is Earl originally aired from September 21, 2006 to May 10, 2007. The season consisted of 23 episodes. The DVD was originally released on September 25, 2007. Its bonus material included deleted scenes, commentary tracks on selected episodes, as well as other features. Unlike the previous season, there was a loose story arc, in which Joy steals a truck and accidentally kidnaps a man inside it. As this was her third strike, Joy faces life imprisonment, leading to her trial in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7995150", "chunk_text": "\"My Name Is Earl\"\n50% of the U.S., said Bob Cook, the company's president and chief operating officer. 20th had sold the off-net sitcom to the Fox, Tribune, CBS, Hearst-Argyle, and Sinclair station groups for a fall 2009 debut. \"\"My Name Is Earl\"\" aired in off-network syndication and on TBS, Ion Television, and MyNetworkTV in the United States. Canada airs the series on Joytv. The series premiered in January 2006 on Channel 4 in the UK. The fourth and Final season was shown on E4 in October 2008. In 2013, 5* gained the repeat rights to the series. The show will be repeated on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12252565", "chunk_text": "\"Breaking Bad (season 4)\"\nBreaking Bad (season 4) The fourth season of the American television drama series \"\"Breaking Bad\"\" premiered on July 17, 2011 and concluded on October 9, 2011. It consists of 13 episodes, each running approximately 47 minutes in length. AMC broadcast the fourth season on Sundays at 10:00 pm ET in the United States. The complete fourth season was released on Region 1 DVD and Region A Blu-ray on June 5, 2012. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On June 14, 2010, AMC announced that \"\"Breaking Bad\"\" was renewed for a fourth, 13-episode season. The writers began brainstorming and writing for the season in early July", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18788212", "chunk_text": "\"Justified (season 4)\"\n0.9 rating in the 18–49 demographic. The fourth season was released on Blu-ray and DVD in region 1 on December 17, 2013, in region 2 on August 12, 2013, and in region 4 on August 8, 2013. Special features on the season four set include ten audio commentaries by cast and crew, deleted scenes, five behind-the-scenes featurettes, and outtakes. Justified (season 4) The fourth season of the American television drama series \"\"Justified\"\" premiered on January 8, 2013, on FX, and concluded on April 2, 2013, consisting of 13 episodes. The series was developed by Graham Yost based on Elmore Leonard's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11776032", "chunk_text": "\"My Name Is Earl (season 1)\"\nIs Earl\"\" runs for about 526 minutes and about 2અ0જય minutes for each episode. The season 1 DVD is produced by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. Most episodes from the first season begin with Earl presenting the premise of the series: The series premiered on September 20, 2005, drew in 14.9 million viewers in the United States, earning a 6.6 rating. By the airing of the third episode it was apparent that \"\"My Name Is Earl\"\" was the highest rated of NBC's new fall offerings, and a full season (22 episodes) was ordered. In its first month, it was also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17931682", "chunk_text": "\"Prison Break (season 4)\"\nPrison Break (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Prison Break\"\", an American serial drama television series commenced airing in the United States on September 1, 2008. It consists of 24 episodes (22 television episodes and 2 straight to DVD episodes), 16 of which aired from September to December 2008. After a hiatus, it resumed on April 17, 2009 and concluded on May 15, 2009 with a two episode finale. The fourth season was announced as the final season of \"\"Prison Break\"\", however the series returned in a limited series format as \"\"Prison Break: Resurrection\"\", which premiered on April 4, 2017.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14158688", "chunk_text": "\"ER (season 4)\"\nER (season 4) The fourth season of the American fictional drama television series \"\"ER\"\" first aired on September 25, 1997 and concluded on May 14, 1998. The fourth season consists of 22 episodes. Season four opens with the live episode \"\"Ambush\"\", performed twice (once for the East coast, once for the West coast). Dr. Morgenstern, head of the ER, has a heart attack, threatening his life. Weaver agrees to temporarily step in until he recovers. Unfortunately, when Morgenstern does come back, he cannot perform surgery like he used to do because he now knows what it is like to be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11931897", "chunk_text": "\"The Wire (season 4)\"\nThe Wire (season 4) The fourth season of the television series \"\"The Wire\"\" commenced airing in the United States on September 10, 2006, concluded on December 10, 2006, and contained 13 episodes. It introduces Baltimore's school system and several middle school students while continuing to examine the remnants of the Barksdale Organization, the ascendant Stanfield Organization, the Baltimore Police Department and politicians. The fourth season aired on Sundays at 9:00 pm ET in the United States. The season was released on DVD as a four disc boxed set under the title of \"\"The Wire: The Complete Fourth Season\"\" on December", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9965355", "chunk_text": "\"Sleepy Hollow (season 4)\"\nSeason 4. Production on the fourth season began on August 15, 2016 in Atlanta, Georgia. On October 11, 2016, it was reported that filming was taking place in the city of Lawrenceville, Georgia; pictures from the set of the show were also shared on social media. Sleepy Hollow (season 4) The fourth and final season of the Fox television series \"\"Sleepy Hollow\"\" premiered on January 6, 2017 and concluded on March 31, 2017, and consisted of 13 episodes. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On July 22, 2016, it was announced that Janina Gavankar had joined the cast in a recurring role as Diana Thomas,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19486537", "chunk_text": "\"True Blood (season 4)\"\nshapeshifter; Alexandra Breckenridge (\"\"Life Unexpected\"\", \"\"Family Guy\"\") will play a wiccan named Katie; and relative newcomer Vedette Lim will play Naomi, a fierce cage fighter. Daniel Buran will play Marcus, the pack master of the Shreveport werewolves and Alcide's superior and, as in the previous season, Allan Hyde will reprise his role as Godric. Gary Cole (\"\"Office Space\"\", \"\"\"\") will play Earl Stackhouse. True Blood (season 4) The fourth season of the television series True Blood contains 12 episodes, bringing the series total to 48. The season premiered on June 26, 2011. Though the storyline picks up twelve and a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11490132", "chunk_text": "\"Ugly Betty (season 4)\"\nher Jewish faith), Jean has yet to tell her mother about the relationship. Unfortunately, this relationship does not survive. In the season finale, Betty moves to London, while Hilda, Bobby and Justin plan on moving out of Ignacio's home to Manhattan. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment release of \"\"Ugly Betty\"\" Season Four, subtitled \"\"From Poncho, to Honcho\"\", would be August 17, 2010 in the United States and Canada. All 20 episodes were included in the set, along with additional bonus tracks. Among the features: The fourth season was broadcast on Wednesday nights at 9 pm on E4, and an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14989487", "chunk_text": "\"Monk (season 4)\"\nparents), and Glenne Headly (Karen Stottlemeyer) made her exit from the series, after her character divorced the captain. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Monk (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Monk\"\" originally aired in the United States on USA Network from July 8, 2005, to March 17, 2006. It consisted of 16 episodes. Tony Shalhoub, Traylor Howard, Ted Levine, and Jason Gray-Stanford reprised their roles as the main characters. A DVD of the season was released on June 27, 2006. Andy Breckman continued his tenure as show runner. Executive producers for the season included Breckman, David Hoberman, and series star Tony Shalhoub. NBC Universal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4613622", "chunk_text": "\"It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia (season 4)\"\nIt's Always Sunny in Philadelphia (season 4) The fourth season of the American comedy television series \"\"It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia\"\" premiered on FX on September 18, 2008. The season contains 13 episodes and concluded airing on November 20, 2008. The Gang gets even crazier this season when Sweet Dee and Charlie become cannibals while Mac and Dennis decide to hunt humans for sport. Later, the gang hatches a plot to counter soaring prices at the pump by stealing and reselling gasoline, then try living the healthy life—by scamming their way to free medical insurance, but not before trying to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5109389", "chunk_text": "\"The Americans (season 4)\"\nThe Americans (season 4) The fourth season of the American television drama series \"\"The Americans\"\", consisting of 13 episodes, premiered on FX on March 16, 2016, and concluded on June 8, 2016. The events of the fourth season begin immediately after the events of the last episode of the third season in March 1983 and end on the night of Super Bowl XVIII, January 22, 1984, which Paige and Matthew are watching at Stan's house in the finale. The series was renewed for a 13-episode fourth season on March 31, 2015. In April 2015, FX announced Frank Langella would continue", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12188956", "chunk_text": "\"Louie (season 4)\"\nLouie (season 4) The fourth season of the American television comedy series \"\"Louie\"\" premiered on May 5, 2014, and concluded on June 16, 2014. It consists of fourteen episodes (an additional episode more than previous seasons), most running approximately 23 minutes in length. FX broadcast the fourth season on Mondays at 10:00 and 10:30 pm in the United States with back-to-back episodes. The season was produced by 3 Arts Entertainment and the executive producers were Louis C.K., Dave Becky and M. Blair Breard. \"\"Louie\"\" was created, written and directed by Louis C.K., who stars as a fictionalized version of himself,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7615415", "chunk_text": "\"The Wire (season 4)\"\nearlier than their broadcast date, via On Demand. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The Wire (season 4) The fourth season of the television series \"\"The Wire\"\" commenced airing in the United States on September 10, 2006, concluded on December 10, 2006, and contained 13 episodes. It introduces Baltimore's school system and several middle school students while continuing to examine the remnants of the Barksdale Organization, the ascendant Stanfield Organization, the Baltimore Police Department and politicians. The fourth season aired on Sundays at 9:00 pm ET in the United States. The season was released on DVD as a four disc boxed set under the title", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13160793", "chunk_text": "\"Braxton Family Values (season 4)\"\nDVD, the series was released digitally to Amazon store in the United States in two volumes — Volume one and Volume two. The season was also released to iTunes into two volumes under the titles as Volume 6 and Volume 7. Braxton Family Values (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Braxton Family Values\"\", an American reality television series, was broadcast on WE tv. The series aired from August 14, 2014 until November 12, 2015, consisting of 28 episodes. Its executive producers were Toni Braxton, Tamar Braxton, Vincent Herbert, Dan Cutforth, Jane Lipsitz, Julio Kollerbohm, Michelle Kongkasuwan, Lauren Gellert, Annabelle McDonald", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16041711", "chunk_text": "\"Arrested Development (season 4)\"\nwas released on May 29, 2018. The fourth season was released on DVD in region 1 on December 16, 2014, in region 2 on June 9, 2014, and in region 4 on August 27, 2014. Arrested Development (season 4) The fourth season of the television comedy series \"\"Arrested Development\"\" premiered on Netflix on May 26, 2013 and consists of 15 episodes. It serves as a revival to the series after it was canceled by Fox in 2006. The storyline centers on the Bluth family, a formerly wealthy, habitually dysfunctional family, and the show incorporates hand-held camera work, narration, archival photos,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11521002", "chunk_text": "\"Black-ish (season 4)\"\nBlack-ish (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Black-ish\"\" aired from October 3, 2017 which concluded on May 15, 2018 on ABC in the United States. It is produced by Khalabo Ink Society, Cinema Gypsy Productions, Principato-Young Entertainment and ABC Studios, with creator Kenya Barris, who also serves as executive producer alongside Anthony Anderson, Brian Dobbins, Jonathan Groff and Helen Sugland. The series revolves around Dre, portrayed by Anthony Anderson, a family man who struggles with finding his cultural identity while raising his kids in a white neighborhood. He lives with his wife, Bow (Tracee Ellis Ross). This is the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11521004", "chunk_text": "\"Black-ish (season 4)\"\nwere unable to resolve\"\". On March 10, 2018, it was officially announced that the network had no plans to air the episode. In the episode, Dre tries to read a bedtime story to Devante during a thunderstorm, but instead improvises a new story based on recent social and political issues in the United States. Black-ish (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Black-ish\"\" aired from October 3, 2017 which concluded on May 15, 2018 on ABC in the United States. It is produced by Khalabo Ink Society, Cinema Gypsy Productions, Principato-Young Entertainment and ABC Studios, with creator Kenya Barris, who also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5690032", "chunk_text": "\"Arrested Development (season 4)\"\nArrested Development (season 4) The fourth season of the television comedy series \"\"Arrested Development\"\" premiered on Netflix on May 26, 2013 and consists of 15 episodes. It serves as a revival to the series after it was canceled by Fox in 2006. The storyline centers on the Bluth family, a formerly wealthy, habitually dysfunctional family, and the show incorporates hand-held camera work, narration, archival photos, and historical footage. Each episode of the season occurs over approximately the same stretch of time, but focuses on a different character. Information on events depicted in a given episode is often partial and filled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11768093", "chunk_text": "\"Brooklyn Nine-Nine (season 4)\"\nBrooklyn Nine-Nine (season 4) The fourth season of the television sitcom \"\"Brooklyn Nine-Nine\"\" premiered September 20, 2016 on Fox and ended May 23, 2017 with 22 episodes. Jake and Holt are placed in Florida as part of the witness protection program until the 9-9 helps them take down Figgis. The squad is subsequently punished by being placed on the night shift, but are put back on the day shift when Captain C.J. Stently is transferred from active duty for his incompetence. Charles and Genevieve adopt a son, Nikolaj. Adrian returns and resumes his romance with Rosa, but they call off", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8935395", "chunk_text": "\"It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia (season 4)\"\na sprawling musical to win over The Waitress. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia (season 4) The fourth season of the American comedy television series \"\"It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia\"\" premiered on FX on September 18, 2008. The season contains 13 episodes and concluded airing on November 20, 2008. The Gang gets even crazier this season when Sweet Dee and Charlie become cannibals while Mac and Dennis decide to hunt humans for sport. Later, the gang hatches a plot to counter soaring prices at the pump by stealing and reselling gasoline, then try living the healthy life—by scamming their way", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12993569", "chunk_text": "\"Sleepy Hollow (season 4)\"\nSleepy Hollow (season 4) The fourth and final season of the Fox television series \"\"Sleepy Hollow\"\" premiered on January 6, 2017 and concluded on March 31, 2017, and consisted of 13 episodes. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On July 22, 2016, it was announced that Janina Gavankar had joined the cast in a recurring role as Diana Thomas, Ichabod's new partner. Described as a single mom, and a former military officer who serves as a special agent for Homeland Security. Also cast in a recurring role is former MasterChef Junior contestant Oona Yaffe, who plays Diana's ten-year-old daughter Molly Thomas. Rachel Melvin joined the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14728736", "chunk_text": "\"Scandal (season 4)\"\nappreciate the effort.\"\" Judy Smith, the inspiration for \"\"Scandal\"\" also commented on the episode, saying \"\"Just as a parent protects his child, we all must protect each other.\"\" Scandal (season 4) The fourth season of the American television drama series \"\"Scandal\"\" began airing on September 25, 2014, in the United States on ABC and consists of 22 episodes. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with ShondaLand Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes. On May 7, 2015, ABC announced that \"\"Scandal\"\" had been renewed for a fifth season. The season continues the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2128658", "chunk_text": "\"Private Practice (season 4)\"\nfather getting shot, which left her feeling empty and so she turned to drugs. She finally mends her relationship with her brother Derek Shepherd following his survival of a gunshot wound. She is currently helping her friend deal with a fatal disease. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Private Practice (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Private Practice\"\" premiered on September 23, 2010, and concluded on May 19, 2011. The season consisted of 22 episodes. Addison and Sam continue their relationship, and eventually hit a rough patch when Addison decides that she wants a baby, and Sam doesn't want one because he already has Maya", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7656094", "chunk_text": "\"The Shield\"\nmoney gets to Lemansky, and in an off-the-cuff discussion, burns most of the money before the others can stop him. This leads to the dissolution of the Strike Team. Season 4 premiered on March 15, 2005, and concluded on June 14, 2005, consisting of 13 episodes. During this season, the members of the Strike Team become involved with the affairs of Antwon Mitchell, a highly respected drug lord who ends up blackmailing Vendrell to coerce his help. Mackey, with the help of the new Barn Captain, Monica Rawling, manages to help Vendrell out of his situation, reunites the Strike Team,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2128651", "chunk_text": "\"Private Practice (season 4)\"\nPrivate Practice (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Private Practice\"\" premiered on September 23, 2010, and concluded on May 19, 2011. The season consisted of 22 episodes. Addison and Sam continue their relationship, and eventually hit a rough patch when Addison decides that she wants a baby, and Sam doesn't want one because he already has Maya and Olivia. Addison's life gets complicated when she is forced to sit by her mother's wife's side and watch her die, because of the DNR, and is faced with the repercussions when her mother commits suicide. After going to therapy, Addison decides that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20688910", "chunk_text": "\"Boardwalk Empire (season 4)\"\nthe episode \"\"Farewell Daddy Blues\"\". Boardwalk Empire (season 4) The fourth season of the HBO television series \"\"Boardwalk Empire\"\" premiered on September 8, 2013, and concluded on November 24, 2013, consisting of 12 episodes. The series was created by Terence Winter and based on the book \"\"Boardwalk Empire: The Birth, High Times and Corruption of Atlantic City\"\" by Nelson Johnson. Set in Atlantic City, New Jersey, during the Prohibition era, the series stars Steve Buscemi as Enoch \"\"Nucky\"\" Thompson (based on the historical Enoch L. Johnson), a political figure who rose to prominence and controlled Atlantic City, New Jersey, during", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19565468", "chunk_text": "\"Hot in Cleveland (season 4)\"\ndirector. Craig Ferguson appears in the season finale as Owen's father, who ran out on a 15-year-old Joy after getting her pregnant. Season four was released in Region 1 on December 3, 2013. The DVD includes all 24 episodes on 3 discs. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Hot in Cleveland (season 4) The fourth season of the TV Land original sitcom \"\"Hot in Cleveland\"\" premiered on November 28, 2012 and concluded September 4, 2013. It consisted of 24 episodes, split into 12-episode winter and summer segments. The series stars Valerie Bertinelli, Wendie Malick, Jane Leeves, and Betty White. Picking up from where the last", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6665531", "chunk_text": "\"Pilot (My Name Is Earl)\"\nthe most, he thanks Earl and says he can cross him off his list. Marc Buckland won an Emmy for directing \"\"Pilot\"\". Greg Garcia also won an Emmy in the writing category. The episode additionally won the GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding Individual Episode. \"\"Pilot\"\" introduced the premise and main characters of the series. Also, both Kenny and Patty the Daytime Hooker became recurring characters in the series, Kenny re-appearing as early as the third episode. A season 4 episode, \"\"Earl and Joy's Anniversary\"\" would reveal that Kenny and Patty previously participated in a foursome, making their interactions in this", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19486534", "chunk_text": "\"True Blood (season 4)\"\nTrue Blood (season 4) The fourth season of the television series True Blood contains 12 episodes, bringing the series total to 48. The season premiered on June 26, 2011. Though the storyline picks up twelve and a half months after the events of season three; the season still begins immediately after final scene of \"\"Evil Is Going On\"\". It is loosely based on the fourth novel in \"\"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\"\" series, Dead to the World. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Filming for season four commenced in Los Angeles, California, on December 1, 2010. As a special promotional broadcast, the season's second episode \"\"You", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18827145", "chunk_text": "\"Bates Motel (season 4)\"\nseason 4 began on November 30, 2015 in Vancouver and surrounding areas, and concluded on April 6, 2016. On February 11, 2016, the first image was released featuring Farmiga and Highmore. In March 2016, it was revealed Highmore had written the eighth episode of the season. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The fourth season of \"\"Bates Motel\"\" has been met with critical acclaim. The season holds a 100% positive rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 17 responses from television critics. Overall, the fourth season of \"\"Bates Motel\"\" averaged 1.45 million viewers, with a 0.6 rating in the 18–49 demographic. In its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5199455", "chunk_text": "\"Braxton Family Values\"\nyears. Tamar has launched her album \"\"Love and War\"\", her tour, and taking care of her newborn son. Season 3 averaged 1.4 million viewers. On March 20, 2014, WE tv announced the fourth season renewal of \"\"Braxton Family Values\"\". Season 4 consisted of 26 episodes and premiered on August 14, 2014. On May 19, 2016, the fifth season aired to We tv. On May 12, 2017, Tamar Braxton announced in an interview with Billboard the series would return with a sixth season. On June 27, 2018, it was reported that the show would go on an indefinite hiatus during the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9810097", "chunk_text": "\"Monk (season 4)\"\nMonk (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Monk\"\" originally aired in the United States on USA Network from July 8, 2005, to March 17, 2006. It consisted of 16 episodes. Tony Shalhoub, Traylor Howard, Ted Levine, and Jason Gray-Stanford reprised their roles as the main characters. A DVD of the season was released on June 27, 2006. Andy Breckman continued his tenure as show runner. Executive producers for the season included Breckman, David Hoberman, and series star Tony Shalhoub. NBC Universal Television Studio was the primary production company backing the show. Randy Newman's theme (\"\"It's a Jungle Out There\"\") was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11055972", "chunk_text": "\"The Fosters (season 4)\"\nmurder but learns the dark secrets surrounding the case. Meanwhile, after adopting AJ, Mike struggles with fatherhood while dealing with his girlfriend, Ana. Also, Mariana struggles to let go of Nick after the incident at school. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> The Fosters (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"The Fosters\"\" premiered on June 20, 2016 and ended on April 11, 2017. The season consisted of 20 episodes and stars Teri Polo and Sherri Saum as Stef Foster and Lena Adams, an interracial lesbian couple, who foster a girl, Callie (Maia Mitchell) and her younger brother, Jude (Hayden Byerly) while also trying to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2221749", "chunk_text": "\"Justified (season 4)\"\nJustified (season 4) The fourth season of the American television drama series \"\"Justified\"\" premiered on January 8, 2013, on FX, and concluded on April 2, 2013, consisting of 13 episodes. The series was developed by Graham Yost based on Elmore Leonard's novels \"\"Pronto\"\" and \"\"Riding the Rap\"\" and his short story \"\"Fire in the Hole\"\". Its main character is Raylan Givens, a deputy U.S. Marshal. Timothy Olyphant portrays Givens, a tough federal lawman, enforcing his own brand of justice in his Kentucky hometown. The series is set in the city of Lexington, Kentucky, and the hill country of eastern Kentucky,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18592103", "chunk_text": "\"Family Guy (season 4)\"\nFamily Guy (season 4) The fourth season of the animated comedy series \"\"Family Guy\"\" aired on Fox from May 1, 2005, to May 21, 2006, and consisted of thirty episodes, making it the longest season to date. The first half of the season is included within the volume 3 DVD box set, which was released on November 29, 2005, and the second half is included within the volume 4 DVD box set, which was released on November 14, 2006. Volume 4 was split into seasons 4 and 5 in regions outside the United States, leading to confusion over season numbers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7920517", "chunk_text": "\"Parks and Recreation (season 4)\"\nParks and Recreation (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Parks and Recreation\"\" originally aired in the United States on the NBC television network, and began on September 22, 2011, and ended on May 8, 2012. The season contained 22 episodes. As with past seasons, it focuses on Leslie Knope (Amy Poehler) and her staff at the parks and recreation department of the fictional Indiana town of Pawnee. However, this season features an overarching story arc, beginning in the first episode and culminating in the finale, where Leslie runs for the city council of Pawnee. † denotes an extended episode. <onlyinclude>", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9369576", "chunk_text": "\"One Tree Hill (season 4)\"\nOne Tree Hill (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"One Tree Hill\"\" began airing on September 27, 2006. The season concluded on June 13, 2007, after 21 episodes. This is the first season to air on the newly formed The CW television network. In this season, most episodes were named after rock albums rather than after songs. Season four rose in ratings, averaging 2.9 million viewers weekly, becoming #136 in the Nielsen ratings system. This season focuses on the final half of senior year at Tree Hill High School. Nathan and Haley find out that they are going to have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17882110", "chunk_text": "\"My Name Is Earl\"\nMy Name Is Earl My Name Is Earl is an American sitcom series created by Greg Garcia that aired on the NBC television network from September 20, 2005, to May 14, 2009, in the United States. It was produced by 20th Century Fox Television and starred Jason Lee as Earl Hickey, the title character. The series also starred Ethan Suplee, Jaime Pressly, Nadine Velazquez, and Eddie Steeples. Most episodes from the first season, then only a few from the rest, began with Earl presenting the premise of the series: Earl Hickey is a small-time thief, living in the fictional rural", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9293085", "chunk_text": "\"BoJack Horseman (season 4)\"\nBoJack Horseman (season 4) The fourth season of the animated television series \"\"BoJack Horseman\"\" premiered exclusively via Netflix's web streaming service on September 8, 2017. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The fourth season of the show received critical acclaim; the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gave the season an approval rating of 97%, based on 29 reviews. The site's critical consensus states, \"\"\"\"BoJack Horseman\"\" fourth season finds the show continuing to traverse the emotional gamut - with results that are heartbreaking as often as they are hilarious.\"\" On Metacritic, the season has a score of 87 out of 100, based on 5 reviews, indicating \"\"universal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11055971", "chunk_text": "\"The Fosters (season 4)\"\nThe Fosters (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"The Fosters\"\" premiered on June 20, 2016 and ended on April 11, 2017. The season consisted of 20 episodes and stars Teri Polo and Sherri Saum as Stef Foster and Lena Adams, an interracial lesbian couple, who foster a girl, Callie (Maia Mitchell) and her younger brother, Jude (Hayden Byerly) while also trying to juggle raising Latino twin teenagers, Mariana and Jesus (Cierra Ramirez and Noah Centineo), and Stef's biological son, Brandon (David Lambert). In this season, Callie is determined to find out about a police case who convicted a teenager of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2527331", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 4)\"\nearned $686,000 in its opening day at the box office and $1.5 million during its opening weekend. The one-week release grossed $1,896,092. The fourth season of \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" was the most-pirated TV series in 2014. Game of Thrones (season 4) The fourth season of the fantasy drama television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" premiered in the United States on HBO on April 6, 2014, and concluded on June 15, 2014. It was broadcast on Sunday at 9:00 pm in the United States, consisting of 10 episodes, each running approximately 50–60 minutes. The season is adapted primarily from the second half", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "298875", "chunk_text": "\"Psych (season 4)\"\nHawkes, Sandra Hess, Michael Hogan, Scott Holroyd, Steve Howey, Stacy Keibler, Alexandra Krosney, Stephan Lang, Joshua Malina, David Naughton, Judd Nelson, Larisa Oleynik, Robert Patrick, Sendhil Ramamurthy, Lisa Ray, Michael Rooker, Jeri Ryan, Chris Sarandon, Sarah Shahi, Craig Sheffer, Keenan Thompson, Tony Todd, Beverley Turner, Arnold Vosloo, and Thomas F. Wilson. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Psych (season 4) The fourth season of Psych originally aired in the United States on USA Network from August 7, 2009 to March 10, 2010. It consisted of 16 episodes. James Roday, Dulé Hill, Timothy Omundson, Maggie Lawson, Corbin Bernsen, and Kirsten Nelson reprised their roles as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16431855", "chunk_text": "\"The Americans (season 4)\"\n74th Golden Globe Awards, Matthew Rhys and Keri Russell were nominated for Best Actor and Best Actress in a Drama Series, respectively. For the 69th Writers Guild of America Awards, the series won the award for . The Americans (season 4) The fourth season of the American television drama series \"\"The Americans\"\", consisting of 13 episodes, premiered on FX on March 16, 2016, and concluded on June 8, 2016. The events of the fourth season begin immediately after the events of the last episode of the third season in March 1983 and end on the night of Super Bowl XVIII,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3372	bruce springsteen we shall overcome the seeger sessions songs?	n/a	[ "\"Old Dan Tucker\"", "\"Erie Canal\"", "\"Jacob's Ladder\"", "\"Shenandoah\"", "\"Mrs. McGrath\"", "\"We Shall Overcome\"", "\"My Oklahoma Home\"", "\"Jesse James\"" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4920219", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions\"\nWe Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions is the fourteenth studio album by Bruce Springsteen. It peaked at number three on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 and won the Grammy Award for Best Traditional Folk Album at the 49th Grammy Awards. This is Springsteen's first and so far only album of entirely non-Springsteen material and contains his interpretation of thirteen folk music songs made popular by activist folk musician Pete Seeger. As an activist and artist of folk music, Seeger did not write any of the songs on the album. His life's work focused on popularizing and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4920221", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions\"\nSoozie Tyrell, the violinist in the E Street Band, Springsteen hooked up with a group of lesser-known musicians from New Jersey and New York City, and they recorded in an informal, large band setting in Springsteen's Colts Neck, New Jersey farm. In addition to Tyrell, previous Springsteen associates The Miami Horns as well as wife Patti Scialfa augmented the proceedings. This group would become The Sessions Band. The subsequent Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour expanded on the album's musical approach. The album, like its predecessor \"\"Devils and Dust\"\", has been released on DualDisc, in a CD/DVD double", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15749999", "chunk_text": "\"The Sessions Band\"\nSoozie Tyrell, and recorded a number of songs on November 2, 1997. These included \"\"We Shall Overcome\"\", which was released on the 1998 tribute album, \"\"\"\". The group was then disbanded for an extended period. In late 2004, while reviewing material for a possible follow-up to his \"\"Tracks\"\" box set, Springsteen stumbled upon these recordings and decided to release them as a stand-alone project. There was not enough material, however, so he reformed the band for what would become known as the Second Seeger Session on March 19, 2005. The third and, so far, final Seeger Session took place on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8581469", "chunk_text": "\"The Sessions Band\"\nJanuary 21, 2006. On April 25, 2006, the album was released as \"\"\"\" (so titled as each of the album's thirteen songs had been previously recorded or performed by Pete Seeger). The subsequent Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour took this musical approach even further, with a travelling group partly composed of musicians from the sessions. On October 3, 2006, the album was reissued as \"\"We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions - American Land Edition\"\" with five additional tracks. The album won the Grammy Award for Best Traditional Folk Album at the 49th Grammy Awards held in February", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13312881", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions\"\nsongs traditional or public domain with unknown songwriters, arranged by Bruce Springsteen, unless otherwise noted. A handful of outtakes went unreleased from the final cut of the album. Springsteen would later release some of these on the \"\"American Land\"\" version of the album while songs such as the instrumental \"\"Once Upon a Time in the West\"\" was released on the \"\"We All Love Ennio Morricone\"\" album, a cover of Pete Seeger's \"\"Hobo's Lullaby\"\" made its way onto the \"\"Give Us Your Poor\"\" charity album. A re-recorded version of Springsteen's \"\"The Ghost of Tom Joad\"\", which featured Pete Seeger, was released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4920220", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions\"\npromoting the ethic of local, historical musical influences and recognizing the cultural significance that folk music embodies. The record began in 1997, when Springsteen recorded \"\"We Shall Overcome\"\" for the \"\"Where Have All the Flowers Gone: the Songs of Pete Seeger\"\" tribute album, released the following year. Springsteen had not known much about Seeger given his rock and roll upbringing and orientation, and proceeded to investigate and listen to his music. While playing them in his house, his 10-year-old daughter said, \"\"Hey, that sounds like fun,\"\" which caused Springsteen to get interested in further exploring the material and genre. Via", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3350247", "chunk_text": "\"Pete Seeger\"\nnever claimed that – he once said that if music could change the world he'd only be making music – but he believed that while music didn't have agency, it did have the power to make a difference.\"\" Bruce Springsteen said of Seeger's death, \"\"I lost a great friend and a great hero last night, Pete Seeger\"\", before performing \"\"We Shall Overcome\"\" while on tour in South Africa. Seeger has been the recipient of many awards and recognitions throughout his career, including: Pete Seeger Peter Seeger (May 3, 1919 – January 27, 2014) was an American folk singer and social", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13312880", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions\"\nand viewed the album as the worst case of his histrionic singing. Seeger himself was pleased by the result, saying \"\"It was a great honor. [Springsteen]'s an extraordinary person, as well as an extraordinary singer.\"\" \"\"We Shall Overcome\"\" was voted the 19th best album of the year in the Pazz & Jop, an annual critics poll run by \"\"The Village Voice\"\". In 2007, it won the Grammy Award for Best Traditional Folk Album at the 49th Grammy Awards. By January 2009, the album had sold 700,000 copies in the United States. the RIAA certified it with gold record status. All", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13312878", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions\"\nother in Springsteen's admittedly rich catalog.\"\" David Browne of \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" felt that Springsteen successfully imbues the songs with a \"\"rock & roll energy\"\" rather than an adherence to folk's blander musical aesthetic. \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" magazine's Jonathan Ringen believed that he relied on folk and Americana styles on the album in order to \"\"find a moral compass for a nation that's gone off the rails\"\", particularly on the implicitly political \"\"Oh, Mary Don't You Weep\"\", \"\"Eyes on the Prize\"\", and \"\"We Shall Overcome\"\". Gavin Martin of \"\"Uncut\"\" called it \"\"a great teeming flood of Americana\"\" and \"\"a powerful example of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4920234", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions\"\non the \"\"Sowing the Seeds\"\" charity album. A studio version of \"\"Bring 'Em Home\"\" was also released by Sony as an internet download. During these sessions Springsteen also first recorded \"\"Long Walk Home\"\". This version remains unreleased although it was performed during this tour and would eventually be re-recorded for his next album, 2007's \"\"Magic\"\". Two live versions of \"\"American Land\"\" were released however the studio recording from these sessions has yet to surface. Springsteen would re-record the song for his 2012 album, \"\"Wrecking Ball\"\". We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions is the fourteenth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12536954", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour\"\nas well as the \"\"We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions – American Land Edition\"\" reissue of the album. It began on October 1 at the PalaMalaguti in Bologna, Italy, and concluded on November 21, 2006 at the Odyssey Arena in Belfast, Northern Ireland. No further American shows took place. Material from the \"\"Seeger Sessions\"\" album dominated the set list of the 2½ hour shows. Especially in the numbers played first, such as \"\"John Henry\"\" and \"\"O Mary Don't You Weep\"\", the typically 18-strong band put up a huge sound, with a four-acoustic-guitar-led rhythm section creating a strong beat, punctuated by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3190364", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome\"\nsong on its worship CD for that year: \"\"The Making of a Godly Man\"\", featuring worship leader Donn Thomas and the Maranatha! Promise Band. Bruce Springsteen's re-interpretation of the song was included on the 1998 tribute album \"\"Where Have All the Flowers Gone: The Songs of Pete Seeger\"\" as well as on Springsteen's 2006 album \"\"\"\". \"\"We Shall Overcome\"\" was adopted by various labor, nationalist, and political movements both during and after the Cold War. In his memoir about his years teaching English in Czechoslovakia after the Velvet Revolution, Mark Allen wrote: The melody was also used (crediting it to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4920223", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions\"\nan expanded documentary and liner notes. Rather than a DualDisc release, the \"\"American Land Edition\"\" was released with separate CD and DVDs. Added sales were minimal. \"\"We Shall Overcome\"\" received widespread acclaim from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 82, based on 25 reviews. In his review for AllMusic, Stephen Thomas Erlewine praised Springsteen's modern take on Seeger's repertoire of folk songs and said that it is the liveliest album of his career: \"\"It's a rambunctious, freewheeling, positively joyous record unlike any", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13312879", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions\"\nhow songs reverberate through the years to accrue contemporary meaning\"\". In a less enthusiastic review, Neil Spencer of \"\"The Observer\"\" wrote that the songs chosen for the album lack intrigue and edge, and are \"\"mostly too corny to have much drama restored to them\"\". Robert Christgau panned \"\"We Shall Overcome\"\" in his consumer guide for \"\"The Village Voice\"\", wherein he gave it a \"\"B\"\", which is assigned to bad albums he reviews as the \"\"dud of the month\"\" in his column. He felt that Springsteen relies too much on a rural drawl and overblown sound when folk music requires subtlety", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14711964", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour\"\nPoor Man Stand Such Times and Live?\"\" (with Springsteen writing new verses regarding New Orleans and Katrina). On the first two legs, Springsteen also played from four to eight of his own songs per show. A few were straightforward versions of recent material, such as \"\"Devils & Dust\"\", \"\"Long Time Comin'\"\", and \"\"My City of Ruins\"\". Others were drastically re-arranged takes on old material, such as \"\"Atlantic City\"\", \"\"If I Should Fall Behind\"\" (changed into waltz time), and \"\"Ramrod\"\". The most remarked upon of these was \"\"Nebraska\"\"'s \"\"Open All Night\"\", whose already surreal lyrics about New Jersey's industrial landscape were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8581473", "chunk_text": "\"The Sessions Band\"\non vocals and guitar, Ed Manion on saxophone, and Curt Ramm on trumpet; the group was also joined by guests Nils Lofgren on guitar, Curtis King on vocals, and restaurateur and venue host Drew Nieporent on washboard. The band ranged in size from 17 and 20 members on stage, depending upon availability on a given night. About half the members had played on the \"\"Seeger Sessions\"\" album, while the other half were new. The Sessions Band The Sessions Band is an American musical group that has periodically recorded and toured with American rock singer-songwriter Bruce Springsteen in various formations since", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8400500", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome\"\nsong. In 1957, Seeger sang for a Highlander audience that included Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., who remarked on the way to his next stop, in Kentucky, about how much the song had stuck with him. When, in 1959, Guy Carawan succeeded Horton as music director at Highlander, he reintroduced it at the school. It was the young (many of them teenagers) student-activists at Highlander, however, who gave the song the words and rhythms for which it is currently known, when they sang it to keep their spirits up during the frightening police raids on Highlander and their subsequent stays", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12536951", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour\"\nBruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour The Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour, afterward sometimes referred to simply as the Sessions Band Tour, was a 2006 concert tour featuring Bruce Springsteen and The Sessions Band playing what was billed as \"\"An all-new evening of gospel, folk, and blues\"\", otherwise seen as a form of big band folk music. The tour was an outgrowth of the approach taken on Springsteen's \"\"\"\" album, which featured folk music songs written or made popular by activist folk musician Pete Seeger, but taken to an even greater extent. The tour began", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14020685", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome (Pete Seeger album)\"\nWe Shall Overcome (Pete Seeger album) We Shall Overcome is a 1963 album by Pete Seeger. It was recorded live at his concert at Carnegie Hall, New York City, on June 8, 1963, and was released by Columbia Records. The concert would later be described by Ed Vulliamy of \"\"The Observer\"\" as \"\"a launch event for the entwining of the music and politics of the 1960s\"\". Reviewer Stewart Mason at Allmusic criticised some of the songs as \"\"trite\"\", but wrote that \"\"the second half of the concert, climaxing in the definitive version of \"\"Guantanamera,\"\" is protest folk at its finest.\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8581467", "chunk_text": "\"The Sessions Band\"\nThe Sessions Band The Sessions Band is an American musical group that has periodically recorded and toured with American rock singer-songwriter Bruce Springsteen in various formations since 1997. The Sessions Band was first formed in October 1997. That September, Springsteen had organized a fiesta-themed party at his Colts Neck, New Jersey farm and invited the New York-based band The Gotham Playboys to provide entertainment. The next month, Springsteen was invited to donate a recording to an upcoming tribute album to folk singer Pete Seeger. He re-contacted the Playboys and some additional musicians whom he knew through E Street Band violinist", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4672975", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour\"\nplenty of violin, banjo, and trumpet solos as well as multiple false endings. Audience participation was encouraged for the later \"\"My Oklahoma Home\"\" (\"\"Blown away!\"\") and sing-songey \"\"Pay Me My Money Down\"\", while \"\"Jacob's Ladder\"\" was musically illustrated by three or four key changes. The \"\"San Francisco Chronicle\"\" wrote, \"\"[Springsteen] used every trick in the trade to make these 100-year-old songs sound bigger than life.\"\" To these album numbers Springsteen added more songs from the same cloth, such as Seeger's \"\"Bring 'Em Home\"\" (cast towards the Iraq War rather than the original Vietnam) and Blind Alfred Reed's \"\"How Can a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3190366", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome\"\nCarl Bildt and Immigration Minister Birgit Friggebo attended a meeting in Rinkeby. As the audience became upset, Friggebo tried to calm them down by proposing that everyone sing \"\"We Shall Overcome.\"\" This statement is widely regarded as one of the most embarrassing moments in Swedish politics. In 2008, the newspaper \"\"Svenska Dagbladet\"\" listed the Sveriges Television recording of the event as the best political clip available on YouTube. On June 7, 2010, Roger Waters of Pink Floyd fame, released a new version of the song as a protest against the Israeli blockade of Gaza. On July 22, 2012, Bruce Springsteen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9683829", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome\"\npublication of People's Songs, an organization of which Pete Seeger was the director), as a contribution of and with an introduction by Zilphia Horton, then-music director of the Highlander Folk School of Monteagle, Tennessee (an adult education school that trained union organizers). Horton said she had learned the song from Simmons, and she considered it to be her favorite song. She taught it to many others, including Pete Seeger, who included it in his repertoire, as did many other activist singers, such as Frank Hamilton and Joe Glazer, who recorded it in 1950. The song became associated with the Civil", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "109364", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour\"\nit was).\"\" A Milwaukee area venue, already cut down in size, was only about half full. For a show outside Chicago, \"\"The Chicago Tribune\"\" reported that \"\"Springsteen faced a sea of empty seats ... The 11,000-seat pavilion was barely half full, and the 17,000-capacity lawn was barren.\"\" Yet despite attendance woes, the U.S. shows received almost universal praise from critics and concert-goers. While they were without the E Street Band and do not include any of Springsteen's biggest hits such as \"\"Born to Run\"\", fans were consistently kept on their feet singing along. David Hinckley of the \"\"New York Daily", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3190342", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome\"\nRights Movement from 1959, when Guy Carawan stepped in with his and Seeger's version as song leader at Highlander, which was then focused on nonviolent civil rights activism. It quickly became the movement's unofficial anthem. Seeger and other famous folksingers in the early 1960s, such as Joan Baez, sang the song at rallies, folk festivals, and concerts in the North and helped make it widely known. Since its rise to prominence, the song, and songs based on it, have been used in a variety of protests worldwide. The U.S. copyright of the \"\"People's Songs Bulletin\"\" issue which contained \"\"We Will", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14020686", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome (Pete Seeger album)\"\nIt was added to the National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress in 2006, calling it \"\"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant.\"\" The album was reissued in an expanded 2-CD version in 1989, as We Shall Overcome - The Complete Carnegie Hall Concert. Side 1: Side 2: Disc 1: Disc 2: We Shall Overcome (Pete Seeger album) We Shall Overcome is a 1963 album by Pete Seeger. It was recorded live at his concert at Carnegie Hall, New York City, on June 8, 1963, and was released by Columbia Records. The concert would later be described by Ed Vulliamy of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3350215", "chunk_text": "\"Pete Seeger\"\nclosely associated with the Civil Rights Movement and in 1963 helped organize a landmark Carnegie Hall concert, featuring the youthful Freedom Singers, as a benefit for the Highlander Folk School in Tennessee. This event and Martin Luther King's March on Washington in August of that year brought the Civil Rights anthem \"\"We Shall Overcome\"\" to wide audiences where he sang it on the 50-mile walk from Selma to Montgomery, Ala. along with 1,000 other marchers. By this time, Seeger was a senior figure in the 1960s folk revival centered in Greenwich Village, as a longtime columnist in \"\"Sing Out!\"\", the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3350175", "chunk_text": "\"Pete Seeger\"\nByrds had a number one hit with \"\"Turn! Turn! Turn!\"\" in 1965. Seeger was one of the folk singers responsible for popularizing the spiritual \"\"We Shall Overcome\"\" (also recorded by Joan Baez and many other singer-activists) that became the acknowledged anthem of the Civil Rights Movement, soon after folk singer and activist Guy Carawan introduced it at the founding meeting of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) in 1960. In the PBS \"\"American Masters\"\" episode \"\"\"\", Seeger said it was he who changed the lyric from the traditional \"\"We will overcome\"\" to the more singable \"\"We shall overcome\"\". Seeger was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19414237", "chunk_text": "\"High Hopes Tour\"\nat the U.S. rehearsals, did not tour with the band for the first two legs (Africa and Oceania) due to family commitments but rejoined the tour when it returned to the United States. The tour kicked off on January 26, 2014, with the first of three shows in Cape Town, South Africa. Springsteen opened with a cover of \"\"Free Nelson Mandela\"\" by The Special AKA. \"\"We Are Alive\"\" was also dedicated to Mandela later in the set. During the second show in Cape Town, Springsteen dedicated \"\"We Shall Overcome\"\" to Pete Seeger, who died on January 27 at the age", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4417781", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen\"\nBruce Springsteen Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen (born September 23, 1949) is an American singer-songwriter and leader of the E Street Band. Nicknamed \"\"The Boss,\"\" he is recognized for his poetic lyrics, his Jersey Shore roots, his distinctive voice, and lengthy, energetic stage performances. Springsteen has recorded both rock albums and more somber folk-oriented works. His most successful studio albums, \"\"Born to Run\"\" (1975) and \"\"Born in the U.S.A.\"\" (1984) find pleasures in the struggles of daily American life. He has sold more than 135 million records worldwide and more than 64 million records in the United States, making him one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16665693", "chunk_text": "\"Gregory Short\"\nAmerican Bicentennial Sonata no. 4 from 1976) and top recording star Bruce Springsteen (on the 2006 album \"\"We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions\"\"). Coming to prominence as a pianist featuring all-American music, and Northwest composer recitals in the early 1960s, Short was the first to perform entire programs of American composers. He created \"\"The American Composer\"\", a 1968-69 television series that featured the music of Northwest composers. \"\"Fog Woman\"\" was performed by the Bremerton Symphony. His other works include \"\"The Raven Speaks and \"\"Mount Takhoma (Tacoma)\"\". Much of Short's inspiration came from Northwest Native American traditional culture. \"\"I felt there", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18888537", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen with The Sessions Band: Live in Dublin\"\nto number 47 in its second week. As of July 11, 2007, it had sold 65,170 copies in the US. (The DVD includes an uncredited backstage performance of \"\"Cadillac Ranch\"\".) A special edition given as a donation reward during PBS pledge drives includes performances of five extra songs: Bruce Springsteen with The Sessions Band: Live in Dublin Bruce Springsteen with The Sessions Band: Live in Dublin is a 2007 video and audio offering that captures in-concert performances from the Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour recorded in November 2006 at The Point Theatre in Dublin, Ireland. The release", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3190370", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome\"\nof African Americans in the past. The song was sung in both English and Urdu in the film, which starred Kajol and Shahrukh Khan. The copyright status of \"\"We Shall Overcome\"\" was disputed in the late-2010s. A copyright registration was made for the song in 1960, which is credited as an arrangement by Zilphia Horton, Guy Carawan, Frank Hamilton, and Pete Seeger, of a work entitled \"\"I'll Overcome\"\", with no known original author. Horton's heirs, Carawan, Hamilton, and Seeger share the artists' half of the rights, and The Richmond Organization (TRO), which includes Ludlow Music, Essex, Folkways Music, and Hollis", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4417855", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen\"\nwritten song titled \"\"Forward\"\". Obama also used \"\"We Take Care of Our Own\"\" as one of his top campaign songs. Use of the song helped boost sales of the song by 409%. On October 29, 2012, the New Jersey area was hit hard by Hurricane Sandy. Two days later, Springsteen dedicated his performance at the Blue Cross Arena in Rochester, New York, to those affected by the storm and those helping to recover. Springsteen and the E Street Band performed \"\"Land of Hope and Dreams\"\" at a one-hour televised telethon called \"\"\"\" on November 2, 2012, which aired on NBC", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2805696", "chunk_text": "\"Thunder Road (song)\"\nThunder Road (song) \"\"Thunder Road\"\" is a song written and performed by Bruce Springsteen, and is the opening track on his 1975 breakthrough album \"\"Born to Run\"\". It is ranked as one of Springsteen's greatest songs, and often appears on lists of the top rock songs of all time.\"\"Rolling Stone\"\" magazine placed it as #86 on its \"\"500 Greatest Songs of All Time.\"\" The song underwent considerable evolution as it was written, with an early version titled \"\"Wings for Wheels\"\" first performed at The Main Point in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, on February 5, 1975. The phrase \"\"wings for wheels\"\" would", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18315622", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen\"\nmusicians and the 2006 folk rock \"\"\"\" album was recorded and toured with another band, known as The Sessions Band. Headlining tours Co-headlining tours Springsteen has won 20 Grammy Awards out of 50 nominations. Sources Bruce Springsteen Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen (born September 23, 1949) is an American singer-songwriter and leader of the E Street Band. Nicknamed \"\"The Boss,\"\" he is recognized for his poetic lyrics, his Jersey Shore roots, his distinctive voice, and lengthy, energetic stage performances. Springsteen has recorded both rock albums and more somber folk-oriented works. His most successful studio albums, \"\"Born to Run\"\" (1975) and \"\"Born", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12536953", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour\"\nfirst was at The Point Depot in Dublin on May 5. A return to the United States for the second leg saw 18 concerts from late May to late June, ending at the PNC Bank Arts Center in Holmdel, New Jersey on June 25. Springsteen said in various languages during the latter stages of the European leg of the tour, \"\"See you in the fall!\"\" Accordingly, the tour's third leg consisted of 27 shows in Europe again, during October and November. This leg was sometimes dubbed The American Land Tour 2006, after a new Springsteen song that was being played", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18888535", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen with The Sessions Band: Live in Dublin\"\nBruce Springsteen with The Sessions Band: Live in Dublin Bruce Springsteen with The Sessions Band: Live in Dublin is a 2007 video and audio offering that captures in-concert performances from the Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour recorded in November 2006 at The Point Theatre in Dublin, Ireland. The release consists of a concert DVD, a Blu-ray Disc, and separate two-CD audio set. A \"\"special edition\"\" of the CD set includes the concert DVD as well. The DVD does not capture any one show in full, but rather congeals from three different shows at The Point. Selections include", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18315567", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen\"\nreceiving some excellent reviews, but newspapers reported that a number of U.S. shows suffered from sparse attendance. By the end of 2006, the Seeger Sessions tour toured Europe twice and toured America for only a short span. \"\"\"\", containing selections from three nights of November 2006 shows at the Point Theatre in Dublin, Ireland, was released the following June. Springsteen's next album, titled \"\"Magic\"\", was released on October 2, 2007. Recorded with the E Street Band, it had 10 new Springsteen songs plus \"\"Long Walk Home\"\", performed once with the Sessions band, and a hidden track (the first included on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3190374", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome\"\nof education at Highlander and after the Civil Rights Movement was elected year after year to the Charleston, S.C. Board of Education) always preferred 'shall.' It sings better.\"\" He also reaffirmed that the decision to copyright the song was a defensive measure, with his publisher apparently warning him that \"\"if you don't copyright this now, some Hollywood types will have a version out next year like 'Come on Baby, We shall overcome tonight'\"\". Furthermore, the liner notes of Seeger's compilation album \"\"If I Had a Hammer: Songs of Hope & Struggle\"\" contained a summary on the purported history of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14711972", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour\"\nthe U.S.A.\"\" ... And that's why this Seeger business is such an out-of-left-field surprise: against all odds, it's fantastically fun. Seeger's name is on the ticket, sure, but in Springsteen's hands the music gets an enormous, big-band, horn-powered treatment that can only be explained with commas: gospel, blues, folk, rock, and zydeco.\"\" In any case, by the conclusion of the leg, things rebounded. Crowds were bigger and knew the material, and the final two New Jersey shows (which had sold out, although not right away) contained very enthusiastic audiences. Springsteen appeared quite grateful, and thanked the fans for \"\"taking a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14711966", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour\"\ntour — a \"\"band\"\"\"\", Backstreets.com reported. The shows were seen by many to be among Springsteen's absolute best. Late in the American leg, he had debuted the Irish jig-styled \"\"American Land\"\", which now closed many of the European shows. On November 11 at Wembley Arena, the band debuted a new Springsteen composition titled \"\"A Long Walk Home\"\", which was a ballad about the current state of American politics, which a special comments about the just-completed mid-term elections having restored \"\"some semblance of sanity\"\" to the country. Both the album and the tour proved more popular in Europe than in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18315575", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen\"\nhome ...\"\" Following Obama's electoral victory on November 4, Springsteen's song \"\"The Rising\"\" was the first song played over the loudspeakers after Obama's victory speech in Chicago's Grant Park. Springsteen was the musical opener for the on January 18, 2009, which was attended by over 400,000 people. He performed \"\"The Rising\"\" with an all-female choir. Later he performed Woody Guthrie's \"\"This Land Is Your Land\"\" with Pete Seeger. Springsteen's \"\"Working on a Dream\"\" album, dedicated to the memory of Danny Federici, was released in late January 2009 and the supporting Working on a Dream Tour ran from April 2009 until", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2303089", "chunk_text": "\"Fade Away (Bruce Springsteen song)\"\nFade Away (Bruce Springsteen song) \"\"Fade Away\"\" is a 1980 song written and performed by Bruce Springsteen, accompanied by the E Street Band. It is contained on his album \"\"The River\"\", and the second single released from it in the United States, reaching the top twenty in both the United States and Canada. The song was recorded at The Power Station in New York in March to June 1980, one of the last songs to be recorded for the album. Musically and lyrically it is a slow, pained lament: Rock author Jimmy Guterman wrote that \"\"Fade Away\"\" is \"\"certainly among", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8400497", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome\"\nfrom the interracial FTA-CIO workers and had found it to be extremely powerful. Pete Seeger, a founding member of People's Songs and its director for three years, learned it from Horton's version in 1947. Seeger writes: \"\"I changed it to 'We shall'... I think I liked a more open sound; 'We will' has alliteration to it, but 'We shall' opens the mouth wider; the 'i' in 'will' is not an easy vowel to sing well [...].\"\" Seeger also added some verses (\"\"We'll walk hand in hand\"\" and \"\"The whole wide world around\"\"). In 1950, the CIO's Department of Education and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19379142", "chunk_text": "\"Blinded by the Light\"\nBlinded by the Light \"\"Blinded by the Light\"\" is a song written and recorded by Bruce Springsteen, which first appeared on his 1973 debut album \"\"Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J.\"\" A cover by British rock band Manfred Mann's Earth Band reached number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in the United States in February 1977 and was also a top ten hit in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, and Canada. It has also been covered by The Eagles of Death Metal which was in the movie \"\"Super Troopers 2\"\". The song came about when Columbia president Clive Davis, upon listening", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18939894", "chunk_text": "\"Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J.\"\n1. \"\"Blinded by the Light\"\" 2. \"\"Growin' Up\"\" 3. \"\"Mary Queen of Arkansas\"\" 4. \"\"Does This Bus Stop At 82nd Street?\"\" 5. \"\"Lost in the Flood\"\" 6. \"\"The Angel\"\" 7. \"\"For You\"\" 8. \"\"Spirit in the Night\"\" 9. \"\"It's Hard to Be a Saint in the City\"\" \"\"The album first charted in the UK on 15 June 1985, in the wake of the\"\" Born in the USA \"\"tour arriving in Britain, and remained in the Top 100 for ten weeks.\"\" Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J. Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J. is the debut studio album by Bruce Springsteen. It was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "545480", "chunk_text": "CJSW-FM\nsent to perform the midnight shuttering. On the morning of he got up and switched on the station as usual, making a point of turning the roof speakers atop MacEwan Hall up full while playing the Pete Seeger song \"\"We Shall Overcome\"\". (In 2009 this incident was immortalized on CD by Calgary band The Bownesians in their song \"\"How Allen Saved the Radio Station\"\"). After two days of peaceful protest with community and media support, and meetings with station executives Bill Reynolds & Grant Burns the new SU executive reconsidered and reversed the closure decision. After the attempted closure of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12536952", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Springsteen with The Seeger Sessions Band Tour\"\non April 20, 2006, with the first of four rehearsal shows at Asbury Park Convention Hall as well as a promotional appearance there on ABC's \"\"Good Morning America\"\". Then came a successful performance before a non-Springsteen crowd at the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival on April 30, in a city still recovering from the effects of Hurricane Katrina; Springsteen voiced discontent over government handling of the aftermath of Katrina, much to the satisfaction of the handkerchief-waving audience. The tour's first proper leg then began in May with 10 regular concerts and one special television concert in Western Europe; the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8400499", "chunk_text": "\"We Shall Overcome\"\ndisc recorded by Laura Duncan (soloist) and The Jewish Young Singers (chorus), conducted by Robert De Cormier, co-produced by Ernie Lieberman and Irwin Silber on Hootenany Records (Hoot 104-A) (Folkways, FN 2513, BCD15720), where it is identified as a Negro Spiritual. Frank Hamilton, a folk singer from California who was a member of People's Songs and later The Weavers, picked up Seeger's version. Hamilton's friend and traveling companion, fellow-Californian Guy Carawan, learned the song from Hamilton. Carawan and Hamilton, accompanied by Ramblin Jack Elliot, visited Highlander in the early 1950s where they also would have heard Zilphia Horton sing the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3373	who does demetrius love in a midsummer night dream?	n/a	[ "Helena", "Hermia" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15263008", "chunk_text": "\"Demetrius (A Midsummer Night's Dream)\"\nDemetrius (A Midsummer Night's Dream) Demetrius is one of the iconic lovers in William Shakespeare's play \"\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\". He is a young Athenian who is engaged to another young Athenian, Hermia. He claims to love her, but really appears this way to gain Duke Theseus' and Egeus' support (in one interpretation). However, Hermia does not love Demetrius, but instead she loves a man called Lysander. Demetrius follows Hermia and Lysander into the woods once they have fled Athens, whilst Helena follows him. Helena craves Demetrius' love but he doesn't return her love and instead finds her annoying and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15263009", "chunk_text": "\"Demetrius (A Midsummer Night's Dream)\"\na nuisance as she tries to win his heart. Eventually Demetrius falls in love with Helena due to Oberon and Puck putting the love juice on his eyes. The storyline is complex and shows the difficulties of true love through comedy. After Hermia has confided in Helena regarding her plans to elope with Lysander, Helena reveals the plan to Demetrius, in the hopes of procuring Demetrius's trust. However, Demetrius merely goes to the forest seeking Hermia, without giving Helena a second thought. After that he returns to the king. Helena follows Demetrius, and Oberon, the fairy king, sees them arguing.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4884442", "chunk_text": "\"Demetrius (A Midsummer Night's Dream)\"\nloves Helena. Demetrius watched the tale of Pyramus and Thisbe performed by the six craftsmen on Duke Theseus and the Duchess's wedding day at night, alongside Helena, Lysander and Hermia. Demetrius and the other four lovers share a wedding with Theseus and his soon-to-be wife. Demetrius (A Midsummer Night's Dream) Demetrius is one of the iconic lovers in William Shakespeare's play \"\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\". He is a young Athenian who is engaged to another young Athenian, Hermia. He claims to love her, but really appears this way to gain Duke Theseus' and Egeus' support (in one interpretation). However, Hermia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13731344", "chunk_text": "\"Helena (A Midsummer Night's Dream)\"\nHelena (A Midsummer Night's Dream) Helena is a fictional character and one of the four young lovers – Demetrius, Lysander, Hermia and Helena – featured in William Shakespeare's play \"\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\". She is the daughter of Nedar, and a friend of Hermia (with whom she often compares herself). Prior to the play's beginning, she is betrothed to the nobleman Demetrius but is jilted when his affections turn to Hermia. Despite this, Helena's abiding love for Demetrius remains consistent throughout the play. Hermia and her suitor, Lysander, confide in Helena that they plan to elope. In the hopes that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13770921", "chunk_text": "\"Lysander (A Midsummer Night's Dream)\"\nLysander (A Midsummer Night's Dream) Lysander is a fictional character in William Shakespeare's play \"\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\". A handsome young man of Athens, Lysander is in love with Egeus's daughter Hermia. However, Egeus does not approve of Lysander and prefers his daughter to marry a man called Demetrius. Meanwhile, Hermia's friend Helena has fallen in love with Demetrius. When Hermia is forced to choose between dying, never seeing a man again or marrying Demetrius, she and Lysander run away into the forest. After Lysander is put under Puck's spell, being mistaken for Demetrius he falls in love with Helena.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15263010", "chunk_text": "\"Demetrius (A Midsummer Night's Dream)\"\nOberon feels pity on Helena and decides to help her by putting love juice on Demetrius's eyes, thereby compelling Demetrius to return Helena's love. Oberon instructs Puck, another fairy, to pour love juice on the eyelids of the \"\"Athenian man\"\" However, Puck sees Lysander sleeping, and pours the love juice in Lysander's eyes instead, thus causing Lysander to fall in love with Helena (and abandon Hermia), while Demetrius's love for Hermia continues unaltered. Later, Puck pours the love juice in Demetrius's eyes as well, with the result of both Demetrius and Lysander falling in love with Helena and despising Hermia.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4884441", "chunk_text": "\"Demetrius (A Midsummer Night's Dream)\"\nThey fight over Helena, until Puck lulls them to sleep, and then Puck reverses the spell upon Lysander so that Lysander will love Hermia again. The spell on Demetrius, however, is not removed, and the play ends with Demetrius very much in love with Helena. Thus the love plot is balanced, with Lysander and Hermia forming one couple, and Demetrius and Helena forming another couple. Demetrius has to marry Hermia, while Hermia wants to marry Lysander. When Puck corrects his mistake and Demetrius then falls for Helena, it is because of the love potion. But somewhere deep down Demetrius truly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10027508", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\ninterconnecting plots, connected by a celebration of the wedding of Duke Theseus of Athens and the Amazon queen, Hippolyta, which are set simultaneously in the woodland and in the realm of Fairyland, under the light of the moon. The play opens with Hermia, who is in love with Lysander, resistant to her father Egeus's demand that she wed Demetrius, whom he has arranged for her to marry. Helena, Hermia's best friend, pines unrequitedly for Demetrius, who broke up with her to be with Hermia. Enraged, Egeus invokes an ancient Athenian law before Duke Theseus, whereby a daughter needs to marry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5759292", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\nfall in love with an ass. In the forest, both couples are beset by problems. Hermia and Lysander are both met by Puck, who provides some comic relief in the play by confounding the four lovers in the forest. However, the play also alludes to serious themes. At the end of the play, Hippolyta and Theseus, happily married, watch the play about the unfortunate lovers, Pyramus and Thisbe, and are able to enjoy and laugh at it. Helena and Demetrius are both oblivious to the dark side of their love, totally unaware of what may have come of the events", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11126230", "chunk_text": "Hermia\nHermia Hermia is a fictional character from Shakespeare's play, \"\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\". She is a girl of ancient Athens named for Hermes, the Greek god of trade. Hermia is caught in a romantic entanglement where she loves one man, Lysander, but is being courted by another, Demetrius, whose feelings she does not return. Though she loves Lysander, Hermia's father, Egeus, wants her to marry Demetrius and has appealed to Theseus, the Duke of Athens, for support. Under Athenian law, Hermia's refusal of her father's command would result in her being put to death or being banished to a nunnery.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13584565", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\nimmediately falls in love with Helena. Helena, thinking Lysander is playing a trick on her, runs away with Lysander following her. When Hermia wakes up, she sees that Lysander is gone and goes out in the woods to find him. Oberon sees Demetrius still following Hermia, who thinks Demetrius killed Lysander, and is enraged. When Demetrius goes to sleep, Oberon sends Puck to get Helena while he charms Demetrius' eyes. Upon waking up, he sees Helena. Now, both men are in love with Helena. However, she is convinced that her two suitors are mocking her, as neither loved her originally.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16818889", "chunk_text": "\"Helena (A Midsummer Night's Dream)\"\nEnd's Well\"\". Helena (A Midsummer Night's Dream) Helena is a fictional character and one of the four young lovers – Demetrius, Lysander, Hermia and Helena – featured in William Shakespeare's play \"\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\". She is the daughter of Nedar, and a friend of Hermia (with whom she often compares herself). Prior to the play's beginning, she is betrothed to the nobleman Demetrius but is jilted when his affections turn to Hermia. Despite this, Helena's abiding love for Demetrius remains consistent throughout the play. Hermia and her suitor, Lysander, confide in Helena that they plan to elope. In the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13770922", "chunk_text": "\"Lysander (A Midsummer Night's Dream)\"\nEventually, the spell is reversed and Lysander marries Hermia. Lysander (A Midsummer Night's Dream) Lysander is a fictional character in William Shakespeare's play \"\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\". A handsome young man of Athens, Lysander is in love with Egeus's daughter Hermia. However, Egeus does not approve of Lysander and prefers his daughter to marry a man called Demetrius. Meanwhile, Hermia's friend Helena has fallen in love with Demetrius. When Hermia is forced to choose between dying, never seeing a man again or marrying Demetrius, she and Lysander run away into the forest. After Lysander is put under Puck's spell, being", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4843060", "chunk_text": "Oberon\nand Helena, who loves Demetrius. Oberon witnesses Demetrius rejecting Helena, admires her amorous determination, and decides to help her. He sends Puck to put some of the juice in Demetrius's eyes, describing him as “a youth in Athenian clothing”, to make him fall in love with Helena. Puck finds Lysander – who is also a youth wearing Athenian clothing – and puts the love potion on Lysander's eyes. When Lysander wakes, he sees Helena first and falls in love with her. Meanwhile, Demetrius has also been anointed with the flower and awakes to see Helena, pursued by Lysander, and a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13584566", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\nHermia finds Lysander and asks why he left her, but Lysander claims and denies he never loved Hermia, but Helena. Hermia accuses Helena of stealing Lysander away from her while Helena believes Hermia joined the two men in mocking her. Hermia tries to attack Helena, but the two men protect Helena. Lysander, tired of Hermia's presence, insults her and tells her to leave. Lysander and Demetrius decide to seek a place to duel to prove whose love for Helena is the greater. The two girls go their own separate ways, Helena hoping to reach Athens and Hermia chasing after the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13584564", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\nlove, tells Demetrius about the plan and he follows them in hopes of finding Hermia. Helena continually makes advances towards Demetrius, promising to love him more than Hermia. However, he rebuffs her with cruel insults against her. Observing this, Oberon orders Puck to spread some of the magical juice from the flower on the eyelids of the young Athenian man. Instead, Puck mistakes Lysander for Demetrius, not having actually seen either before, and administers the juice to the sleeping Lysander. Helena, coming across him, wakes him while attempting to determine whether he is dead or asleep. Upon this happening, Lysander", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15621176", "chunk_text": "Egeus\nEgeus Egeus is a character in \"\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\", the comedy by William Shakespeare. He is an Athenian who tries to keep his daughter, Hermia, from marrying Lysander the man she loves. In original performances, the actor for his role probably played the part of Philostrate as well. Appearing in Scene 1 and Scene 11, Egeus is the father of Hermia, who disapproves of Hermia's and Lysander's love, appealing to Theseus to force Hermia to marry Demetrius. If Hermia refuses to wed Demetrius, she could be put to death, or cloistered in a nunnery for the rest of her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12420879", "chunk_text": "\"Helena (A Midsummer Night's Dream)\"\nHer dialogue provides key insight for the audience into humanist beliefs on the nature of love and the process of falling in love. It is her honest, unrequited love that convinces Oberon to meddle with the lovers, and her pain in being \"\"tricked\"\" by her friends that convinces Oberon to restore everyone. Helena is never criticised for her unrequited love for Demetrius; her constancy is seen by other characters as a great virtue, compared to his fickle nature. She also demonstrates great platonic love and sisterly devotion to Hermia. Within the cast of the lovers, her role is comparable to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11126231", "chunk_text": "Hermia\nLysander and Hermia flee into the forest, meeting Demetrius' former fiancé, and Hermia's lifelong friend, Helena. Demetrius had abandoned Helena to woo Hermia but Helena is still hopelessly in love with him. Hermia tells Helena not to worry; Hermia will elope with Lysander and Demetrius will no longer see her face. Helena relates Hermia's plan to Demetrius in the hope that he will realize her love for him, but Demetrius pursues Hermia and Lysander into the forest with Helena in pursuit. Demetrius tries to persuade Helena to stop following him but Helena declares her love. Oberon is the king of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5759284", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\nand arranges everything so Helena, Hermia, Demetrius and Lysander will all believe they have been dreaming when they awaken. Puck distracts Lysander and Demetrius from fighting over Helena's love by mimicking their voices and leading them apart. Eventually, all four find themselves separately falling asleep in the glade. Once they fall asleep, Puck administers the love potion to Lysander again, returning his love to Hermia again, and claiming all will be well in the morning. The fairies then disappear, and Theseus and Hippolyta arrive on the scene, during an early morning hunt. They find the lovers still sleeping in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12420876", "chunk_text": "\"Helena (A Midsummer Night's Dream)\"\nshe will gain back some of his respect, Helena tells Demetrius of Hermia and Lysander's plans and, the next night, they follow the escaping lovers into the forest. Though Demetrius is deliberately cruel towards her, Helena remains intent in her devotion. Her ardor catches the attention of Oberon, who commands that Puck enchant Demetrius so that he will fall back in love with Helena. When Puck mistakenly enchants a sleeping Lysander instead, Lysander wakes and falls instantly in love with Helena. He pursues a shocked and hurt Helena, deserting a sleeping Hermia. Oberon, trying to correct Puck's error, then puts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9410107", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\nHowever the exemplary love of the play is one of an imagination controlled and restrained, and avoids the excesses of \"\"dotage\"\". Genuine love is contrasted with the unrequited love (and dotage) of Demetrius for Hermia, and with the supposed love (and dotage) of Titania for an unworthy object. Dent also denied the rationality and wisdom typically attributed to Theseus. He reminded his readers that this is the character of Theseus from Greek mythology, a creation himself of \"\"antique fable\"\". Theseus' views on art are far from rational or wise. He can't tell the difference between an actual play and its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11126236", "chunk_text": "Hermia\nde Havilland in the 1935 version and by Anna Friel in the 1999 release. Hermia Hermia is a fictional character from Shakespeare's play, \"\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\". She is a girl of ancient Athens named for Hermes, the Greek god of trade. Hermia is caught in a romantic entanglement where she loves one man, Lysander, but is being courted by another, Demetrius, whose feelings she does not return. Though she loves Lysander, Hermia's father, Egeus, wants her to marry Demetrius and has appealed to Theseus, the Duke of Athens, for support. Under Athenian law, Hermia's refusal of her father's command", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12420878", "chunk_text": "\"Helena (A Midsummer Night's Dream)\"\nsleep again. Puck crushes another herb into Lysander's eyes, negating the effect of the first one. When the lovers are discovered in the morning by a hunting Theseus, Hippolyta, and Egeus, all is put to rights. Demetrius claims that a metaphorical 'sickness' made him love Hermia, but in health, his love has returned to Helena. The lovers are married in a joint ceremony with Theseus and Hippolyta and together watch the play put on by the Mechanicals in honor of the marriages. While not the only protagonist of \"\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\", Helena is one of its most talkative characters.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8558842", "chunk_text": "Hermia\nthe fairies. He is invisible to humans and has been watching the story unfold. He orders his sprite, Puck, to place a drop from a magical flower on the sleeping Demetrius' eyelids so that he will fall in love with Helena when he wakes, and everyone will be content. However, Puck mistakes Lysander for Demetrius; when Lysander awakes, he sees Helena and falls deeply in love with her, forsaking Hermia. After discovering the mistake, Oberon places a drop of the magical flower on Demetrius' eyes. Demetrius awakes and his love for Helena is now rekindled; he joins Lysander in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13584563", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\nof a sleeping person, that person, upon waking, falls in love with the first living thing they perceive. He instructs Puck to retrieve the flower with the hope that he might make Titania fall in love with an animal of the forest and thereby shame her into giving up the little Indian boy. He says, \"\"And ere I take this charm from off her sight,/As I can take it with another herb,/I'll make her render up her page to me.\"\" Hermia and Lysander have escaped to a forest in hopes of running away from Theseus. Helena, desperate to reclaim Demetrius's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11126235", "chunk_text": "Hermia\nto make her choice: marry Demetrius, enter a nunnery or die. However, the lovers wake up dazed; Unable to explain how they fell asleep, they talk about a strange dream. Demetrius, now permanently under the love flowers spell, says that he loves only Helena. With Demetrius out of the picture, Theseus overrules Egeus, freeing Hermia from her obligation. Hermia and Lysander marry each other at the wedding As Hermia's name comes from the god of trade, there may have been an economic reason for Demetrius' courtship and Egeus' insistence on their marriage. In film versions, Hermia was played by Olivia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5863939", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935 film)\"\nattempting to determine whether he is dead or asleep. When he lays eyes on her, Lysander immediately falls in love with Helena. Meanwhile, the mischievous Puck turns Bottom into a donkey. When Titania wakes up and lays eyes on Bottom as a donkey, she falls in love with him. Oberon finds the abandoned changeling and takes him away. Part two When Oberon sees Demetrius still following Hermia, he instructs Puck to bring Helena to him while he applies the love potion to the sleeping Demetrius' eyes. Upon waking up, Demetrius sees Helena, and now both Lysander and Demetrius are in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5759297", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\nthe relationship, that drives the rest of the drama in the story and makes it dangerous for any of the other lovers to come together due to the disturbance of Nature caused by a fairy dispute. Similarly, this failure to identify and to distinguish is what leads Puck to mistake one set of lovers for another in the forest, placing the flower's juice on Lysander's eyes instead of Demetrius'. Victor Kiernan, a Marxist scholar and historian, writes that it is for the greater sake of love that this loss of identity takes place and that individual characters are made to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13584562", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\nforest outside Athens. Titania tells Oberon that she plans to stay there until she has attended Theseus and Hippolyta's wedding. Oberon and Titania are estranged because Titania refuses to give her Indian changeling to Oberon for use as his \"\"knight\"\" or \"\"henchman\"\", since the child's mother was one of Titania's worshippers. Oberon seeks to punish Titania's disobedience. He calls upon Robin \"\"Puck\"\" Goodfellow, his \"\"shrewd and knavish sprite\"\", to help him concoct a magical juice derived from a flower called \"\"love-in-idleness\"\", which turns from white to purple when struck by Cupid's arrow. When the concoction is applied to the eyelids", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13584567", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\nmen to make sure Lysander doesn't get hurt or killed. Oberon orders Puck to keep Lysander and Demetrius from catching up with one another and to remove the charm from Lysander so Lysander can return to love Hermia, while Demetrius continues to love Helena. Meanwhile, Quince and his band of six labourers (\"\"rude mechanicals\"\", as they are described by Puck) have arranged to perform their play about Pyramus and Thisbe for Theseus' wedding and venture into the forest, near Titania's bower, for their rehearsal. Bottom is spotted by Puck, who (taking his name to be another word for a jackass)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16905190", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935 film)\"\nlove with Hermia, pursues them into the forest. He is followed by Helena (Jean Muir), who is desperate to reclaim Demetrius' love. Helena continues to make advances towards Demetrius, promising to love him more than Hermia, but he rebuffs her with cruel insults. When Oberon sees this, he orders Puck to spread some of the love potion on the eyelids of Demetrius. When Puck later discovers the sleeping Lysander, he mistakes him for Demetrius—not having seen either before—and administers the love potion to the sleeping Lysander. During the night, Helena comes across the sleeping Lysander and wakes him up while", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9410126", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\ndisguises), and discover their \"\"authentic sexual selves\"\". In 1979, Norman N. Holland applied psychoanalytic literary criticism to the play. He interpreted the dream of Hermia as if it was a real dream. In his view, the dream uncovers the phases of Hermia's sexual development. Her search for options is her defence mechanism. She both desires Lysander and wants to retain her virginity. In 1981, Mordecai Marcus argued for a new meaning of Eros (Love) and Thanatos (Death) in this play. In his view, Shakespeare suggests that love requires the risk of death. Love achieves force and direction from the interweaving", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11126233", "chunk_text": "Hermia\nquest for Helena's hand. With both Demetrius and Lysander pursuing her, Helena becomes angry. Because Lysander's love for Hermia was so great and Demetrius had been wooing her in accordance with her father's wishes, Helena believes that they are cruelly mocking her. When Hermia returns to the scene, Helena accuses her of being part of the joke. Hermia feels betrayed by the accusation and asserts that she would never hurt her friend that way. Accusations and challenges fly between Lysander and Demetrius and between Helena and Hermia. Hermia now thinks the two swains prefer Helena because she is taller and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16905193", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935 film)\"\ncontinues to love Helena. And Titania is still in love with Bottom the donkey. Oberon leads all the fairies away with the changeling at his side. Having achieved his goals, Oberon releases Titania from her spell and they leave together in love once again. Following Oberon's instructions, Puck removes the donkey's head from Bottom, and arranges everything so that Hermia, Lysander, Demetrius, and Helena all believe that they have been dreaming when they awaken. Together they return from the forest to attend the wedding of Duke Theseus and Hippolyta. When Theseus sees Hermia and her father Egeus, and seeing that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9410108", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\ninterlude. The interlude of the play's acting troop is less about the art and more of an expression of the mechanicals' distrust of their own audience. They fear the audience reactions will be either excessive or inadequate, and say so on stage. Theseus fails to get the message. Also in 1964, Jan Kott offered his own views on the play. He viewed as main themes of the play violence and \"\"unrepressed animalistic sexuality\"\". Both Lysander and Demetrius are, in his view, verbally brutal lovers, their love interests are exchangeable and objectified. The changeling that Oberon desires is his new \"\"sexual", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11356693", "chunk_text": "Oberon\nfetch the flower, which he does successfully. Furious that Titania will not give him the child, he puts juice from a magical flower into her eyes while she is asleep. The effect of the juice will cause Titania to fall in love with the first live thing she sees. Titania awakens and finds herself madly in love with Bottom, an actor from the rude mechanicals whose head was just transformed into that of a donkey, thanks to a curse from Puck. Meanwhile, two couples have entered the forest: Lovers Hermia and Lysander are pursued by Demetrius, who also loves Hermia,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "911954", "chunk_text": "\"The Dream (ballet)\"\n\"\"rude mechanicals\"\". One of them, Nick Bottom, is isolated from his colleagues, and Puck casts a spell to give him the head of a donkey. Oberon squeezes the flower on the eyelids of the sleeping Titania, who, on waking, sees the transformed Bottom and falls madly for him. Oberon takes an interest in the Athenians, and instructs Puck to use the juice of the flower to make Demetrius fall once more for his former love, Helena, leaving both couples happy. As Puck does not know which of the lovers is which he squeezes the flower over the wrong eyelids, causing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4791837", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream (opera)\"\nof the alto range and \"\"forte\"\". The plot of the opera follows that of the play, with several alterations. Most of Shakespeare's act 1 is cut, compensated for by the opera's only added line: \"\"Compelling thee to marry with Demetrius.\"\" Therefore, much greater precedence is given to the wood, and to the fairies. This is also indicated by the opening \"\"portamenti\"\" strings, and by the ethereal countertenor voice that is Oberon, the male lead, who throughout is accompanied by a characteristic texture of harp and celeste, in the same way that Puck's appearance is heralded by the combination of trumpet", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5488556", "chunk_text": "\"Demetrius and the Gladiators\"\nherself to gain entrance to the gladiator school to see Demetrius. However, the two are forcibly separated on orders of Messalina (Susan Hayward), Claudius' wife. Lucia is then assaulted by Dardanius (Richard Egan) and the other gladiators, forcibly kissing her and trying to carry her to private chambers. Demetrius in desperation prays for God to save her, and suddenly it appears that Dardanius has broken Lucia's neck. All present are shocked at Lucia's apparent death, especially Demetrius, and he loses all his faith in Jesus Christ as God. Previously, he had avoided killing anyone in the Emperor's games, because of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5863934", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935 film)\"\nis in love with Lysander (Dick Powell) and wishes to marry him. Her father Egeus (Grant Mitchell), however, has instructed her to marry Demetrius (Ross Alexander), whom he has chosen for her. When Hermia refuses to obey, stating she is in love with Lysander, her father invokes before Duke Theseus of Athens (Ian Hunter) an ancient Athenian law that states a daughter must marry the suitor chosen by her father, or else face death. Theseus offers her another choice—to live a life of chastity as a nun and worship the goddess Diana. Meanwhile, Peter Quince (Frank McHugh) and his fellow", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10027509", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\na suitor chosen by her father, or else face death. Theseus offers her another choice: lifelong chastity while worshipping the goddess Artemis as a nun. Peter Quince and his fellow players Nick Bottom, Francis Flute, Robin Starveling, Tom Snout and Snug plan to put on a play for the wedding of the Duke and the Queen, \"\"the most lamentable comedy and most cruel death of Pyramus and Thisbe\"\". Quince reads the names of characters and bestows them on the players. Nick Bottom, who is playing the main role of Pyramus, is over-enthusiastic and wants to dominate others by suggesting himself", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20714124", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream (1969 film)\"\nthe thicket in the kingdom of the elves. There, the elf couple Oberon (Jean-Claude Drouot) and Titania (Christiane Minazzoli) are arguing furiously. Hoping to solve the lovers' romantic problems, the spirit Puck drops a magical potion into the eyes of the young man he believes to be Demetrius. The potion's effect is to make the man fall in love with the first being he sees upon awaking. But Puck is mistaken: the sleeping man was Lysander. Now both Lysander and Demetrius are competing for the same woman, Hermia, who previously nobody had loved. Hermia's jealousy is reawakened. Standing between the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5968929", "chunk_text": "\"Pyramus and Thisbe\"\n1), written in the 1590s, a group of \"\"mechanicals\"\" enact the story of \"\"Pyramus and Thisbe\"\". Their production is crude and, for the most part, badly done until the final monologues of Nick Bottom, as Pyramus and Francis Flute, as Thisbe. The theme of forbidden love is also present in \"\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\" (albeit a less tragic and dark representation) in that a girl, Hermia, is not able to marry the man she loves, Lysander, because her father Egeus despises him and wishes for her to marry Demetrius, and meanwhile Hermia and Lysander are confident that Helena is in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "232131", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream (1999 film)\"\npromised Hermia to Demetrius (Christian Bale). Lysander and Hermia make plans to flee to the forest to escape the arrangement. Demetrius follows them, having been made aware of the plan by Helena (Calista Flockhart), a young woman who is desperately in love with him. Once in the forest, they wander into the fairy world, ruled by Oberon (Rupert Everett) and Titania (Michelle Pfeiffer), King and Queen of the fairies. Oberon and his servant sprite Puck (Stanley Tucci) cause mayhem among the lovers with a magic potion that causes both Lysander and Demetrius to fall in love with Helena, leading to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16905192", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935 film)\"\nlove with Helena, who is convinced that her two suitors are simply mocking her. When Hermia encounters Helena with her two suitors, she accuses Helena of stealing Lysander away from her. The four quarrel with each other until Lysander and Demetrius become so enraged that they seek a place to duel each other to prove whose love for Helena is the greatest. Oberon orders Puck to keep Lysander and Demetrius from catching up with one another and to remove the charm from Lysander. After Puck applies the potion to the sleeping Lysander's eyes, he returns to loving Hermia, while Demetrius", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18102138", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream (1969 film)\"\nA Midsummer Night's Dream (1969 film) \"\"Le Songe d'une nuit d'été\"\" (A Midsummer Night's Dream) is a French TV film from 1969. It is based on \"\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\" by William Shakespeare, and was directed by Jean-Christophe Averty. The four lovers Hermia (Christine Delaroche), Helena (Claude Jade), Lysander (Michel Ruhl), and Demetrius (Dominique Serina) have fled to a forest near Athens to escape from their parents' marriage plans. The situation is a bad one, because Helena's beloved Demetrius is in love with Hermia. Since Helena wants to win over Demetrius, she reveals the escape plan. The four wander through", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10027507", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\nA Midsummer Night's Dream A Midsummer Night's Dream is a comedy written by William Shakespeare in 1595/96. It portrays the events surrounding the marriage of Theseus, the Duke of Athens, to Hippolyta, the former queen of the Amazons. These include the adventures of four young Athenian lovers and a group of six amateur actors (the mechanicals) who are controlled and manipulated by the fairies who inhabit the forest in which most of the play is set. The play is one of Shakespeare's most popular works for the stage and is widely performed across the world. The play consists of four", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9410115", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\"\nview of the play's love story lines. He argued that what passes for love in this play is actually a self-destructive expression of passion. He argued that the play's significant characters are all affected by passion and by a sadomasochistic type of sexuality. This passion prevents the lovers from genuinely communicating with each other. At the same time it protects them from the disenchantment with the love interest that communication inevitably brings. The exception to the rule is Bottom, who is chiefly devoted to himself. His own egotism protects him from feeling passion for anyone else. Richmond also noted that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5863937", "chunk_text": "\"A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935 film)\"\nsomeone applies the magical love potion to a sleeping person's eyelids, it makes the victim fall in love with the first living creature seen upon awakening. Oberon comes across a sleeping Titania and applies the love potion to her eyes. He intends to make Titania fall in love with the first creature she sees when waking up, which he is sure will be an animal of the forest. Oberon's intent is to shame Titania into giving up the little Indian changeling. Meanwhile, Hermia and Lysander have escaped to the same forest in hopes of eloping. Demetrius, who is also in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3374	who sang our god is an awesome god?	n/a	[ "Rich Mullins" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4087788", "chunk_text": "\"Awesome God\"\nAwesome God \"\"Awesome God\"\" is a contemporary worship song written by Rich Mullins and first recorded on his 1988 album, \"\"Winds of Heaven, Stuff of Earth\"\". It was the first single from the album and rose to the number one spot on Christian radio and subsequently became a popular congregational song. Its title is inspired by a biblical expression (Nehemiah 1:5, Nehemiah 9:32, Psalm 47, Daniel 9:4, etc.), variously translated as \"\"Awesome God\"\", (JPS, in the old-fashioned meaning \"\"awe-inspiring\"\"), \"\"great\"\" (KJV), among other alternatives. Due to the popularity of the song it became Mullins' signature song. Mullins did not consider", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10592098", "chunk_text": "\"Awesome God\"\nstyle, even hardcore punk and heavy metal bands, such as, Unashamed and Pantokrator. The song may be used as a hymn and can be sung using only the chorus, alone or in medley. Awesome God \"\"Awesome God\"\" is a contemporary worship song written by Rich Mullins and first recorded on his 1988 album, \"\"Winds of Heaven, Stuff of Earth\"\". It was the first single from the album and rose to the number one spot on Christian radio and subsequently became a popular congregational song. Its title is inspired by a biblical expression (Nehemiah 1:5, Nehemiah 9:32, Psalm 47, Daniel 9:4,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13833167", "chunk_text": "\"How Great Is Our God\"\nHow Great Is Our God \"\"How Great Is Our God\"\" is a song written by Chris Tomlin, Jesse Reeves and Ed Cash. It was originally featured on Tomlin's album \"\"Arriving\"\", that reached No. 1 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Christian Songs chart. It is also featured live on Tomlin's \"\"Live from Austin Music Hall\"\" album. As of November 2014, it also is the fifth most popular worship song today, according to CCLI's top 25 worship songs chart. It also reached No. 1 on Christian Music Weekly's \"\"20 the Countdown Magazine's\"\" Top 20 Worship Songs Chart. The song won \"\"Song of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7195529", "chunk_text": "\"Our God (song)\"\nOur God (song) \"\"Our God\"\" is a song written by Chris Tomlin, Jesse Reeves, Jonas Myrin, and Matt Redman. The track was originally included on \"\"\"\", a live record from Passion 10, the 2010 gathering of the Passion Conferences. It was released as a single and spent 10 weeks as No. 1 on Billboard Christian charts. The song is also the opening track on Tomlin's album \"\"And If Our God Is For Us...\"\" (2010) by CCM. In 2011, Chris Tomlin recorded a remake with the famous Christian rapper, Lecrae. One of Tomlin's co-writers Matt Redman recorded a version of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8878536", "chunk_text": "\"How Great Is Our God\"\nalbum. How Great Is Our God \"\"How Great Is Our God\"\" is a song written by Chris Tomlin, Jesse Reeves and Ed Cash. It was originally featured on Tomlin's album \"\"Arriving\"\", that reached No. 1 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Christian Songs chart. It is also featured live on Tomlin's \"\"Live from Austin Music Hall\"\" album. As of November 2014, it also is the fifth most popular worship song today, according to CCLI's top 25 worship songs chart. It also reached No. 1 on Christian Music Weekly's \"\"20 the Countdown Magazine's\"\" Top 20 Worship Songs Chart. The song won \"\"Song of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4087790", "chunk_text": "\"Awesome God\"\n- or of folly or whatever - and say it in a way that is most likely to make people respond. But, what you want them to respond to is not how cleverly you did that; what you want them to respond to is your message. Over a year after Mullins' death (in September 1997) the song was covered on a tribute album for Mullins entitled \"\"Awesome God: A Tribute to Rich Mullins\"\" by Contemporary Christian musician, Michael W. Smith. Numerous other Christian artists have performed versions in numerous styles, from ska to swing to straight rock and traditional worship", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7195531", "chunk_text": "\"Our God (song)\"\nTop 25 Songs. Our God (song) \"\"Our God\"\" is a song written by Chris Tomlin, Jesse Reeves, Jonas Myrin, and Matt Redman. The track was originally included on \"\"\"\", a live record from Passion 10, the 2010 gathering of the Passion Conferences. It was released as a single and spent 10 weeks as No. 1 on Billboard Christian charts. The song is also the opening track on Tomlin's album \"\"And If Our God Is For Us...\"\" (2010) by CCM. In 2011, Chris Tomlin recorded a remake with the famous Christian rapper, Lecrae. One of Tomlin's co-writers Matt Redman recorded a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11611747", "chunk_text": "\"Youthful Praise\"\nShawn M. Brown died unexpectedly on January 31, 2010. One of the original co-directors of YP, Brown was the songwriter behind the group's first hit \"\"Awesome God.\"\" More recently, he formed the group Shawn Brown & Key of David and released an independent album in 2008. YP's album \"\"After This\"\" was released in March 2012. Youthful Praise Youthful Praise is an American gospel choir led by James \"\"J.J.\"\" Hairston who directs the choir and composes most of their material. Youthful Praise originated at the Bridgeport, Connecticut church Turner's Faith Temple. The outfit was originally known as Teens of TFT. They", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17503716", "chunk_text": "\"Rich Mullins\"\nRich Mullins Richard Wayne Mullins (October 21, 1955 – September 19, 1997) was an American contemporary Christian music singer and songwriter best known for his worship songs \"\"Awesome God\"\" and \"\"Step by Step\"\". Some of his albums were also considered among Christian music's best, including \"\"Winds of Heaven, Stuff of Earth\"\" (1988), \"\"The World As Best As I Remember It, Volume One\"\" (1991) and \"\"A Liturgy, a Legacy, & a Ragamuffin Band\"\" (1993). His songs have been performed by numerous artists, including Caedmon's Call, Five Iron Frenzy, Amy Grant, Carolyn Arends, Jars of Clay, Michael W. Smith, John Tesh, Chris", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18362227", "chunk_text": "\"The Insyderz\"\nTaylor, and Steve Taylor. Despite the fact that their initial formation centered around turning praise and worship songs into ska the album faced criticism for \"\"jumping on the bandwagon\"\" on praise and worship music's growing commercial appeal. Beyond charting on Billboard's \"\"Hot 200\"\" and \"\"Heatseekers\"\" charts and spending six months on their \"\"Top Contemporary Christian\"\" chart, their rendition of Rich Mullins' song \"\"Awesome God\"\" won the band a Dove Award for \"\"Hard Music Recorded Song of the Year\"\" in 1999. Some commercial success for the album was due in part to the use of recently written and widely known contemporary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1371308", "chunk_text": "\"Chris Tomlin\"\nChris Tomlin Christopher Dwayne Tomlin (born May 4, 1972) is an American contemporary Christian music artist, worship leader, and songwriter from Grand Saline, Texas, United States who has sold over 7 million records. He is a former staff member at Austin Stone Community Church and is signed to EMI's sixstepsrecords. Tomlin leads worship at many Passion events. Some of his most well-known songs are \"\"How Great Is Our God\"\", \"\"Good Good Father\"\", \"\"Jesus Messiah\"\", \"\"Amazing Grace (My Chains Are Gone)\"\", \"\"Our God\"\", which he co-wrote with Matt Redman, Jesse Reeves, and Jonas Myrin, and \"\"Whom Shall I Fear (God of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4087789", "chunk_text": "\"Awesome God\"\nthe song to be one of his best. In an interview with \"\"The Lighthouse Electronic Magazine\"\" in April 1996, he said: You know, the thing I like about Awesome God is that it's one of the worst-written songs that I ever wrote; it's just poorly crafted. But the thing is that sometimes, I think, that when you become too conscientious about being a songwriter, the message becomes a vehicle for the medium. This is a temptation that I think all songwriters have. I think a great songwriter is someone who is able to take a very meaningful piece of wisdom", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17287893", "chunk_text": "\"Great Big God\"\nGreat Big God Great Big God is a Children's Christian music series from Vineyard Records UK. In 2000, Nigel Hemming was approached by Vineyard Records UK to co-produce the first Vineyard UK children’s worship album. The song entitled 'Great Big God', written by Nigel and Jo Hemming, was recorded and became the title track of the first album to be released under the brand (Great Big God – released in September 2001). The following Easter, the song was chosen for use in the all age worship slot at Spring Harvest, a national worship and teaching event in UK, and was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2244164", "chunk_text": "\"How Great Thou Art\"\nStore Gud\"\" became more popular in Sweden after the dissemination of \"\"How Great Thou Art\"\" in English. Swedish gospel singer Per-Erik Hallin has credited Elvis Presley's rendition of \"\"How Great Thou Art\"\" as a major factor in the revival of \"\"O Store Gud\"\" in Sweden. In English the first line is \"\"O Lord, my God\"\"; and the hymn may appear with that heading, especially in British hymnals, where first-line citation is the dominant practice. English-language hymnals prevailingly indicate the tune title as the Swedish first line, O STORE GUD. In 1995 the United Church of Christ released the \"\"New Century", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3784112", "chunk_text": "Skalleluia!\nSkalleluia! Skalleluia!, also called The Insyderz Present Skalleluia!, is the second album by the Christian third-wave ska band, The Insyderz. Released 5 May 1998, it is the first of their albums dedicated to ska renditions of worship songs. The album was an unexpected success for the band, which had been reluctant to record an album of praise and worship music despite their own background with the genre. The album charted on Billboards \"\"Hot 200\"\", \"\"Heatseekers\"\", and \"\"Top Contemporary Christian\"\" charts at 200, 15, and 8 respectively. Their cover of Rich Mullins' song \"\"Awesome God\"\" won the band a Dove Award", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4327152", "chunk_text": "\"Oh My God (Guns N' Roses song)\"\nand often is frustrating to say the least. In America our country's constitutional right to freedom of expression gives us a better chance to fight for that expression than many in other countries enjoy. It can be a big gig, like kickin' the crap outta the devil!\"\" The song was primarily written by Paul Tobias around 1997. Dizzy Reed wrote the hook of the chorus. Rose claimed that former members Duff McKagan and Matt Sorum 'failed to see the potential' of the song and had no interest in recording or playing the piece. Sean Riggs, Reed's roommate and occasional fill-in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15787633", "chunk_text": "\"God of Thunder (song)\"\nGod of Thunder (song) \"\"God of Thunder\"\" is a song by Kiss from their album \"\"Destroyer\"\". The song has also been featured on many of Kiss' live albums, including an up-tempo version on \"\"Alive II\"\". Many various sound effects were used to make the song including explosions, clapping, zippers, overdubbed audience chatter and screaming children. Even though the song was written by Paul Stanley, who had every intention of singing it for \"\"Destroyer\"\", producer Bob Ezrin suggested slowing down the tempo and handing the lead vocals over to Gene Simmons. The song was and is Simmons' \"\"theme song\"\" for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10355209", "chunk_text": "\"Paul Overstreet\"\n\"\"Forever and Ever, Amen\"\" and \"\"On the Other Hand\"\", both of which were Number Ones for Randy Travis. He also co-wrote \"\"When You Say Nothing at All\"\" which was a Number One hit at the end of 1988 for Keith Whitley, and later a Top Five hit in 1995 for Alison Krauss, and revived later in 1999 by Ronan Keating of Boyzone. He is also known for writing the worship song God Is Good All The Time with Don Moen, which has become one of Moen's signature songs. Overstreet was first signed as a singer in 1982. His debut single,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17341673", "chunk_text": "\"This Is God\"\nThis Is God \"\"This Is God\"\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Phil Vassar. It was released in January 2003 as the second single to the album, \"\"American Child\"\". It peaked at number 17 on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs chart, and number 9 on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart. Vassar penned this song on a December 2002 plane ride and it was quickly released to country radio. It was made available on subsequent pressings of the album, \"\"American Child\"\". The lyrics reflect the perspective of God and His disgust towards", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12705640", "chunk_text": "\"I Am a God\"\nI Am a God \"\"I Am a God\"\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Kanye West from his sixth solo studio album \"\"Yeezus\"\". It was produced by West, Hudson Mohawke, Daft Punk and Mike Dean. \"\"I Am a God\"\" contains samples of \"\"Forward Inna Dem Clothes\"\", written by Clifton Bailey III and H. Hart, and performed by Capleton, features vocals from Bon Iver's Justin Vernon, and samples of \"\"Zindagi Hai Khel\"\". The song credits God as a featured performer. Before it was officially announced that Kanye West's sixth studio album was titled \"\"Yeezus\"\", it was rumored for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17503735", "chunk_text": "\"Rich Mullins\"\nwider audience. The song \"\"Awesome God\"\" was written at a Christian camp, Rock Lake Christian Assembly, near Vestaburg, Michigan. In the early 1990s, Mullins released a pair of albums entitled \"\"The World As Best As I Remember It, Volume One\"\" and \"\"Volume Two\"\". These featured a more stripped-back, acoustic feel than his earlier work, with nods to Irish music. \"\"Step By Step\"\", a song written by his friend Beaker and included on volume one, and incorporated into \"\"Sometimes By Step\"\" with additional lyrics by Mullins on volume two, became an instant hit on Christian radio, and, like \"\"Awesome God\"\", it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16578261", "chunk_text": "\"Great Is the Lord\"\nGreat Is the Lord \"\"Great Is the Lord\"\" is a popular Christian worship song written in 1982 by Debbie and Michael W. Smith. The couple were at the time active members of Belmont Church on Music Row in Nashville, Tennessee and were seeking to augment the music. The inspiration for the lyrics were drawn from Psalm 145:3, \"\"Great is the Lord and most worthy of Praise\"\". The song is sung in churches of many denominations and is included in many hymnal supplements. Musically, the song is a mix between the pop and worship styles of the day. The song is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11061974", "chunk_text": "\"Christian ska\"\nnominated in the \"\"short form video\"\" category. At the 1999 awards The Insyderz cover of Rich Mullins' song \"\"Awesome God\"\" won in the \"\"Hard Music Song\"\" category. The W's won two Doves at the 1999 awards, for their debut as \"\"Modern Rock Album,\"\" and \"\"Modern Rock Song\"\" for the song \"\"The Devil Is Bad\"\". They played a neo-swing sound with heavy ska influences. Other career highlights opening for Christian rock heavyweight dc Talk, and for the Pope during the same visit as the Supertones (although not at the main event). Christian swing music is generally congruent with the swing revival", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10263157", "chunk_text": "\"LaRue Howard\"\nLaRue Howard LaRue Howard (born March 13, 1970) is an American gospel musician. Her first album, \"\"I'm Free\"\", was released by Tribe Records in 2004. The subsequent album, \"\"How Great Is Our God\"\", was released in 2008 by EMI. This album was a \"\"Billboard\"\" magazine breakthrough release upon the Christian Albums and Gospel Albums charts. The song, \"\"How Great Is Our God\"\", won her the GMA Dove Award for Contemporary Gospel Recorded Song of the Year at the 40th GMA Dove Awards in 2009. Howard was born on March 13, 1970, in Ridgeland, South Carolina, who was in the choir", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2302734", "chunk_text": "\"This Is Our God\"\nMajority of the songs were written by Reuben Morgan, Darlene Zschech, Joel Houston, Michael Guglielmucci, Matt Crocker, Brooke Fraser, and Ben Fielding. On 21 August 2008, Michael Guglielmucci of Planetshakers, the composer of the track \"\"Healer\"\", a song about his cancer struggle, admitted he had lied about ever having cancer. Representatives of churches with which Guglielmucci had affiliations told the press they were totally unaware of this situation. In an email sent to Hillsong members, the church's general manager, George Aghajanian, said the news was even a shock to Guglielmucci's own family and that the suspended pastor was seeking professional", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8878535", "chunk_text": "\"How Great Is Our God\"\nYear\"\" and \"\"Worship Song of the Year\"\" at the 2006 GMA Dove Awards, and \"\"Worship Song of the Year\"\" again at the 2008 GMA Dove Awards. In 2009, gospel/jazz keyboardist Ben Tankard, presented his instrumental rendition of the song from Tankard's No. 1 charting album, \"\"Mercy, Mercy, Mercy\"\". At Passion 2012, Tomlin performed a new edition of this song called \"\"How Great is Our God: World Edition\"\". This new version included the original lyrics sung in several different languages: Hindi, Indonesian, Russian, Spanish, Portuguese, Zulu, Afrikaans and Mandarin. It is the first track of his \"\"Chris Tomlin: The Essential Collection\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7195530", "chunk_text": "\"Our God (song)\"\nsong on his 2012 compilation album, \"\"Sing Like Never Before: The Essential Collection\"\". At the 2011 Dove Awards, Tomlin was nominated for Song of the Year, and won Worship Song of the Year for \"\"Our God\"\". Tomlin also performed the song at the awards ceremony. That same year, \"\"And If Our God Is For Us...\"\" containing the song as its major hit was nominated in the category of Top Christian Album, the song won the title of Top Christian Song, and Tomlin won Top Christian Artist at the Billboard Music Awards. \"\"Our God\"\" is the No. 5 song on CCLI's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3348569", "chunk_text": "\"Good God (Korn song)\"\nGood God (Korn song) \"\"Good God\"\" is a song written and recorded by American nu metal band Korn for their second studio album, \"\"Life Is Peachy\"\". It was released as the album's third single in November 1997. Jonathan Davis says about the song: \"\"It's about a guy I knew in school who I thought was my friend, but who fucked me. He came into my life with nothing, hung out at my house, lived off me, and made me do shit I didn't really wanna do. I was into new romantic music and he was a mod, and he'd tell", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17287895", "chunk_text": "\"Great Big God\"\nDVDs...have been hugely popular with both parents and kids\"\". Great Big God Great Big God is a Children's Christian music series from Vineyard Records UK. In 2000, Nigel Hemming was approached by Vineyard Records UK to co-produce the first Vineyard UK children’s worship album. The song entitled 'Great Big God', written by Nigel and Jo Hemming, was recorded and became the title track of the first album to be released under the brand (Great Big God – released in September 2001). The following Easter, the song was chosen for use in the all age worship slot at Spring Harvest, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "238309", "chunk_text": "\"Oh My God (Ida Maria song)\"\nOh My God (Ida Maria song) \"\"Oh My God\"\" is the debut song by Norwegian rock musician Ida Maria. The song was originally released in October 2007 but was to be re-released in the UK following the success of her previous single, \"\"I Like You So Much Better When You're Naked\"\". The re-release date was pushed back several times; however, it was eventually rescheduled for 26 January 2009. \"\"Oh My God\"\" did not chart upon its original release. \"\"Oh My God\"\" was featured in the final scene and credits of season two, episode two of the Netflix comedy Big Mouth.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18107614", "chunk_text": "\"How Great Thou Art\"\n13 July 1908; died 26 April 1974), a converted cowboy, and former member of The Sons of the Pioneers, who had founded the newly established Manna Music of Burbank, California in 1955. Spencer negotiated with Hine for the purchase of the song. The Manna Music editors changed \"\"works\"\" and \"\"mighty\"\" in Hine's original translation to \"\"worlds\"\" and \"\"rolling\"\" respectively. According to Manna Music, \"\"Presently it is considered, and has been for several years, to be the most popular Gospel song in the world.\"\" The first time \"\"How Great Thou Art\"\" was sung in the United States was at the aforementioned", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3478956", "chunk_text": "\"I Am a God\"\n18 on their list of the 50 best songs of 2013. I Am a God \"\"I Am a God\"\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Kanye West from his sixth solo studio album \"\"Yeezus\"\". It was produced by West, Hudson Mohawke, Daft Punk and Mike Dean. \"\"I Am a God\"\" contains samples of \"\"Forward Inna Dem Clothes\"\", written by Clifton Bailey III and H. Hart, and performed by Capleton, features vocals from Bon Iver's Justin Vernon, and samples of \"\"Zindagi Hai Khel\"\". The song credits God as a featured performer. Before it was officially announced that Kanye", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2989220", "chunk_text": "\"How Great Thou Art\"\nin 1961. A rendition by the Statler Brothers, from their album \"\"Holy Bible New Testament\"\", peaked at number 39 on the Hot Country Songs charts in 1976. The hymn became the \"\"de facto\"\" theme of New Zealand entertainer Sir Howard Morrison, who released it as a single sung in both English and Maori. After his death in 2009, a tribute tour under the title \"\"Sir Howard Morrison: How Great Thou Art\"\" travelled throughout the country. There have been over seventeen hundred documented recordings of \"\"How Great Thou Art\"\". It has been used on major television programs, in major motion pictures,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "775933", "chunk_text": "\"God (British band)\"\nGod (British band) God were a British industrial ensemble formed in London. Founded by Kevin Martin and Shaun Rogan in 1987, the band expanded to include nine members and released two studio albums before disbanding in 1996. The group's abrasive marriage of ambient, dub, free jazz and noise rock music garnered respect from their peers such as Bill Laswell, Ministry, My Bloody Valentine, J. G. Thirlwell and John Zorn. GOD originally consisted of Kevin Martin on tenor saxophone and vocals and Shaun Rogan on guitar. The pairing came together after Fall front-man Mark E. Smith asked Martin if he wanted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2934611", "chunk_text": "\"Great Is the Lord\"\nset in 6/8 time, with an upbeat tempo. The verses are in the key of D major, while the chorus drops down to C major. The song uses several synthesizers, as well as an acoustic piano, to carry along the verses. Guitar, additional vocals and a string section show up in the chorus. Great Is the Lord \"\"Great Is the Lord\"\" is a popular Christian worship song written in 1982 by Debbie and Michael W. Smith. The couple were at the time active members of Belmont Church on Music Row in Nashville, Tennessee and were seeking to augment the music.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19466241", "chunk_text": "\"How Great Thou Art\"\nPerformance in 1981 upon the occasion of the visit of Queen Elizabeth II to New Zealand. It was subsequently popularised by Maori entertainer Howard Morrison, who released it as a single in 1982, where it spent six months in the New Zealand national charts, and five weeks in the number one position. This version was also sung by Lizzie Marvelly at the memorial service of New Zealand rugby legend Jonah Lomu. It has also been translated into Greek, called Ω Κύριε μου, πόσο σε θαυμάζω. John W. Peterson wrote new words to the tune, called \"\"O Mighty God, When I", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7490559", "chunk_text": "\"Oh My God (Kaiser Chiefs song)\"\nOh My God (Kaiser Chiefs song) \"\"Oh My God\"\" is a song by the English indie rock band the Kaiser Chiefs. It was initially released as their debut single by the Drowned In Sound label on 17 May 2004, reaching #66 in the UK charts. \"\"Oh My God\"\" was re-released on 21 February 2005, just two weeks before the release of their debut album \"\"Employment\"\". This time, it peaked at #6 in the UK charts, which earned the band their first top 10 hit, as well as being their highest-charting single at the time until it was succeeded by UK", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7019881", "chunk_text": "\"Incredible (Celine Dion and Ne-Yo song)\"\nIncredible (Celine Dion and Ne-Yo song) \"\"Incredible\"\" is a song by Canadian singer Celine Dion and American singer-songwriter and record producer, Ne-Yo. It was recorded for Dion's English-language studio album, \"\"Loved Me Back to Life\"\" (2013) and chosen as the second single in North America, most countries in Europe, Australia and New Zealand. The song was co-written by Andrew Goldstein, Emanuel Kiriakou and Ne-Yo, and produced by Kiriakou. In mid-December 2013, \"\"Incredible\"\" was nominated in category World's Best Song at the World Music Awards and in late January 2014, it was chosen by NBC as the official anthem of 2014", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19977659", "chunk_text": "\"There Is a God\"\nThere Is a God \"\"There Is a God\"\" is a song written by Chris DuBois and Ashley Gorley, and recorded by American country music artist Lee Ann Womack. It was released in November 2009. \"\"There Is a God\"\" is a ballad, backed primarily by acoustic guitar, with steel guitar fills and strings. The song's narrator describes everything she sees, from things of beauty (\"\"Watch a flock of birds against the morning sun / Close your eyes and listen to the river run\"\") to life's miracles (\"\"Hearing the doctor say he can't explain it, but the cancer's gone\"\"), as being proof", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4327153", "chunk_text": "\"Oh My God (Guns N' Roses song)\"\nGNR studio drummer, assisted in writing the song. Paul Tobias, Gary Sunshine and Dave Navarro all play on the song. Robin Finck's part was written by Tobias and 'extensively manipulated' by producer Sean Beaven. Rose claimed that Finck was not involved in the writing of the final recording, although he participated in the arrangement. Finck denies he was involved with the song, despite Rose's claim. Rose wrote the lyrics to the song, and additional programing was performed by engineer Stuart White. The song debuted in a commercial for the film during the 1999 MTV Video Music Awards, and was featured", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13177119", "chunk_text": "\"God with Us (song)\"\nGod with Us (song) \"\"God With Us\"\" is a song written and performed by Christian rock band MercyMe. The song is lyrically a worship song, inspired by a question used by lead singer Bart Millard's pastor. Released as the lead single from MercyMe's 2007 album \"\"All That Is Within Me\"\", \"\"God With Us\"\" peaked at No. 1 on both the Hot Christian Songs and Hot Christian AC charts, and was ranked at No. 3 and No. 4 on the 2008 year-end charts, respectively. The song also ranked at No. 12 on the decade-end Hot Christian AC chart, and No. 19", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4412037", "chunk_text": "\"Oh, My God! (Doug E. Fresh album)\"\nOh, My God! (Doug E. Fresh album) Oh, My God! is the debut album of emcee Doug E. Fresh. It was released in 1986 on Reality Records, a short-lived subsidiary of the legendary Fantasy Records, and was produced by Dennis Bell and Ollie Cotton. The album was only a moderate success when it was released, peaking at #21 on the Top R&B Albums chart. Today, the album is considered one of the greatest hip-hop albums of all time, but it has never been released on compact disc. This album has also been known to contain one of the first horrorcore", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4475771", "chunk_text": "\"The Death of God (song)\"\nThe Death of God (song) \"\"The Death of God\"\" is the second and most recent CD single by Roy Harper, released on April 2005. Of the 2003 Iraq War, Harper stated \"\"\"\"Our famous leader took us into an illegal war and killed thousands of children. Was that cool? Or was it all just a myth?...\"\"\"\" The 13 minute single was \"\"\"\"...conceived out of (the) disgust I feel whenever war is used as some kind of solution...\"\"\"\" (see cover notes). the lyrics contain various stories rolled into one, those of \"\"\"\"The emigrant, the soldier, the bomber, the leader, and \"\"God!\"\"\"\". Harper", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7837876", "chunk_text": "\"A Beautiful Exchange\"\nA Beautiful Exchange A Beautiful Exchange is the nineteenth album in the live praise and worship series of contemporary worship by Hillsong Church. These worship songs explore themes including sacrifice and redemption (\"\"Beautiful Exchange\"\"), love (\"\"Our God Is Love\"\") and hope (\"\"Forever Reign\"\"), which is also the first radio single. Hillsong Live albums are led by worship leaders including Reuben Morgan, Joel Houston, Ben Fielding and Darlene Zschech. Other key songs include: \"\"Open My Eyes\"\" (sung by Reuben Morgan), \"\"The One Who Saves\"\" (sung by Ben Fielding) and \"\"Greatness Of Our God\"\" (sung by Darlene Zschech). Many of the songs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15211187", "chunk_text": "\"Keep Singing That Love Song\"\nKeep Singing That Love Song Keep Singin' That Love Song was The Archers first major label album. Impact Records re-released their independent recording, \"\"The Archers\"\", a year earlier and sent master producer Bob MacKenzie to the West Coast for the new project. The album included the Number One hit, “Little Flowers” and “Jesus, He Is The Son Of God”. Paul Revere and The Raiders’ arranger, Bobby Sisco who would meet an untimely death during the recording of the group’s \"\"Things We Deeply Feel\"\" project one year later, arranged the album’s rhythm and orchestration. Musicians included Derek and the Dominos’ drummer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7698845", "chunk_text": "\"Fearless (Phillips, Craig and Dean album)\"\nor nuclear weapons in North Korea, you’ll always be nervous. Look to the awesomeness of God instead.” The song was written by Jennie Lee Riddle. Another song on the album, \"\"Let God Be God\"\", was written by Dan Dean in response to global instability. Dean stated that \"\"This is the perfect time for us to say, Don't panic. God is in control. Jesus asks in Luke 12:25: Who of you by worrying can add a single hour to his life?\"\" One of the edgier songs the band has recorded, the song even has a James Brown scream, which Dean originally", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15455776", "chunk_text": "\"He (song)\"\nHe (song) \"\"He\"\" is a song about God, written in 1954. The song made the popular music charts the following year. The music was written by Jack Richards, with lyrics by Richard Mullan. The song was originally published by Avas Music Publishing, Inc. The first recording to be released was by Al Hibbler, whose version reached No. 4 on \"\"Billboard\"\"s chart of Best Sellers in Stores, No. 7 on \"\"Billboard\"\"s Top 100, No. 7 on \"\"Billboard\"\"s chart of Most Played by Jockeys, and No. 8 on \"\"Billboard\"\"s chart of Most Played in Juke Boxes. The McGuire Sisters also released a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4599643", "chunk_text": "\"We Believe (Newsboys song)\"\nlive during the 44th GMA Dove Awards on October 15, 2013. The song also won the KLOVE Fan Award as best song. The song was first used in the soundtrack of the theatrical movie \"\"God's Not Dead\"\". We Believe (Newsboys song) \"\"We Believe\"\" is a Christian contemporary worship song. The song was written by Richie Fike, Matt Hooper and Travis Ryan and copyrighted by Life Worship (PRS), Travis Ryan Music (ASCAP), Integrity Worship Music (ASCAP), Integrity's Praise! Music (BMI) (administered at CapitolCMGPublishing). The song was made famous by the Christian rock band Newsboys in 2013 when they included it in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17212321", "chunk_text": "\"Godlike (song)\"\nGodlike (song) \"\"Godlike\"\" is a song by industrial rock band KMFDM from their 1990 album \"\"Naïve\"\". According to KMFDM frontman Sascha Konietzko, the song made its debut during KMFDM's 1990 tour with industrial metal band Ministry, being based on the lyrics by Patti Smith. When Koneitzko's bandmate En Esch, who had been singing the song live, was injured during a fire, Konietzko had to use new lyrics, as he didn't know the original words. He translated a German spoken word piece the band had been using at their live shows into English, and used the translation as the new lyrics.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18402027", "chunk_text": "\"Wonderful World! (The Kelly Family album)\"\nand the 1984 version with Paddy and Joey, released on another version of the album. The 1984 version is one of the five songs known from the Eric Barclay era (along with \"\"Une Famille c'est une Chanson\"\", \"\"Didelidei\"\", \"\"Ein Familie ist Ein Wield\"\" and \"\"Hiroshima, I'm Sorry\"\"). Two Double-A singles were released from this album: the first is \"\"Old McDonald / Amazing Grace\"\" released in 1984 and the other \"\"We Love the Pope / Our Father\"\" in 1986. Wonderful World! (The Kelly Family album) Wonderful World! is a 1981 album by The Kelly Family. The album includes traditional Virginia melodies", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3375	forney's sister in where the heart is?	n/a	[ "Margaret Hoard", "Mary Elizabeth" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4159287", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (2000 film)\"\nstrong name. A sickly and homeless Novalee is forced to live in the Walmart, undetected. Novalee is also acquainted with surly librarian Forney Hull (James Frain) who looks after his alcoholic sister Mary Elizabeth (Margaret Hoard). During a thunderstorm Novalee, alone at Walmart, goes into labor. Forney, who is now in awe of Novalee, smashes through the Walmart window to help deliver her child whom she names Americus. Novalee instantly becomes a media darling, and in hospital is befriended by Nurse Lexie Coop (Ashley Judd). Her estranged mother Mama Lil (Sally Field), visits after seeing her daughter on television, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18388662", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (novel)\"\nNovalee one night that she walked in on Roger abusing her son Brownie and oldest daughter Praline. She attacked him and he fought back and ran away. She chastises herself for being a stupid woman who couldn't see past Roger's looks and his fancy car while Novalee comforts her. Forney's sister Mary Elizabeth dies and Novalee goes to visit him and offer her support. They end up making love before Forney has to leave to go to Maine to bury his sister. Lexi meanwhile befriends Brownie's soccer coach, Ernie, who isn't typically the type of man who catches Lexi's interest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4159291", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (2000 film)\"\nspend the night together. Forney confesses his love for her, but Novalee confides in Lexie she has never considered herself good enough for Forney and is confused about her feelings for him. Her continued feelings of unworthiness become overwhelming when he says that he intends to stay with her rather than resume his studies at Bowdoin College in Maine. Believing his life would be a dead end with her in Sequoyah, Novalee struggles to lie to Forney saying she does not love him. Heartbroken and rejected by Novalee, Forney returns to college in Maine. Novalee learns that Lexie is seeing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4159290", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (2000 film)\"\nUpon her return to Sequoyah, Novalee discovers Lexie has been attacked by a new love interest who molested her two eldest children, nearly beating her to death as she attempted to protect them. Lexie's injuries hinder her nursing job, and she and her children have to move in with Novalee and Americus. Lexie breaks down, feeling guilty and angry, tearfully regretting her choice in men. Mary Elizabeth later passes away and when Forney does not appear at the funeral, Novalee finds him in a hotel and comforts him. They act on the feelings they have denied for so long and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4159286", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (2000 film)\"\nsmall Oklahoma town. She secretly moves into the store, where she eventually gives birth to her baby, which attracts media attention. With the help of friends, she makes a new life for herself in the town. After 17-year-old and seven months pregnant Novalee Nation (Natalie Portman) is abandoned by boyfriend Willy Jack Pickens (Dylan Bruno) at the local Walmart in Sequoyah when she uses the restroom and buys new shoes, she meets Thelma \"\"Sister\"\" Husband (Stockard Channing) who presents her with a buckeye tree, and Moses Whitecotton (Keith David), a local photographer who advises her to give her baby a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18388655", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (novel)\"\nMeanwhile Willy Jack continues on his way to California and comes across a girl named Jolene with car problems. Willy Jack agrees to give her a ride but they are soon stopped by police because Jolene shoplifted from a store and the police believe it was Willy Jack since Jolene is only 12 or 13 years old. He is subsequently arrested and sent to jail. As Novalee lives in Walmart, she watches as the buckeye tree becomes sick. She takes a walk to the library where she meets Forney Hull who helps her find books about the buckeye. Forney is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18388661", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (novel)\"\nto get any gigs. Novalee is seen struggling with her feelings for Forney after Lexi points out that Forney has been in love with Novalee for a long time. Novalee believes that Forney deserves someone better than her since it always intimidated her that Forney came from a well-known rich family. One day she receives a weird phone call from Lexi's oldest son Brownie and immediately rushes over to her apartment. She finds all of the children in distress and Lexi extremely injured. While Lexi is recovering, Novalee moves her and her five kids to her house. Lexi confesses to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4159293", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (2000 film)\"\na train approaches. On Americus's 5th birthday, Novalee picks up a newspaper and sees an article about Willy Jack having lost his legs some months before and recently being robbed of his wheelchair. Novalee visits Willy Jack in the hospital and he confesses his whole life would've been different if he hadn't left her. She sees how Willy Jack is a changed man and is able to finally forgive and let go of him, but she warns him never to contact Americus. Novalee realizes now her lies are similar mistakes with Forney. She drives Willy Jack home to Tennessee and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10820447", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (US TV series)\"\nHathaway family patriarch Judge Daniel Hathaway. Judge Hathaway had three adult children: Julian (James Mitchell), a professor of literature at the local university, Kate (Diana van der Vlis), a sympathetic but sexually repressed law student, and Allison (Louise Shaffer), the liberated feminist black sheep of the family. In the first episode, Allison returned to Northcross for her father's funeral, having left town years before with her sister's fiancée Roy Archer (Stephen Joyce). Intrigued by the new family dynamic, Allison and Roy decided to settle down in the Hathaway mansion, much to the chagrin of Kate, Julian, and the family's cantankerous", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19209502", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (US TV series)\"\nhad a nervous collapse and had to be hospitalized. Meanwhile, a bored Hugh cheated on Christine with ex-wife Allison, who decided she wanted Hugh back. While she was in the hospital, the boutique that she owned, was run by Amy Snowden (Clarice Blackburn) who was a friendly woman, and was a friend to everyone in Northcross. Kate, Julian, and Allison's sensible sister, married stalwart Steve Prescott (Lawrence Luckinbill, Ron Harper) after a long courtship. Steve quickly developed amnesia and became involved with single mother Ellie Jardin (Zohra Lampert). Eventually, Steve's memory returned, and when Ellie was murdered, he and Kate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18388663", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (novel)\"\nbut she soon falls in love with him. When Forney comes back, Novalee breaks his heart by telling him that she can't love him the way that he loves her and she breaks down in tears after she leaves him. With nothing tying him to Oklahoma anymore, Forney decides to leave and periodically sends letters to Americus schooling her about what books to read and to extend his best wishes to Novalee. Novalee is soon taking pictures of Lexi and Ernie on their wedding day and learning of a new pregnancy. She and Americus are miserable because of Forney's absence.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18388666", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (novel)\"\nhim. Once Willy Jack is released, Novalee attempts to find Forney using the letters that he has sent to Americus and his love of books. She also has Willy Jack all set up in her car so that she can drive him back home to Tennessee. She finally calls and finds Forney in a bookstore in Chicago. She tearfully confesses to Forney that she lied about loving him and that she thought he deserved someone better. Forney assures her that there is nothing better than her and that he is coming home to her and Americus. Where the Heart Is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18388659", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (novel)\"\npictures. She has heard Billy Shadow's song \"\"The Beat of the Heart\"\" on the radio but cannot understand why it bothers her so much since she doesn't know that it is actually Willy Jack singing. Forney has become one of her best friends and he loves taking care of Americus. Lexi has since had another baby and is also currently seeing a new man named Roger. Benny Goodluck has also grown into a young man who sees Novalee often. One summer, a massive tornado blows through Oklahoma and many other states, leaving many people dead. Sadly, one of these people", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4159294", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (2000 film)\"\ncontinues to Maine to find Forney at Bowdoin. Novalee tells him she really does love him and they return to Oklahoma and marry. The final scene is of their wedding, which takes place in a Walmart. Original music for the film was produced by Mason Daring. A soundtrack of the original music was released by RCA Records, as well as a music compilation soundtrack featuring songs used in the film by artists such as Emmylou Harris, Lyle Lovett, Martina McBride, and John Hiatt. The song \"\"That's the Beat of a Heart\"\" was performed by The Warren Brothers and Sara Evans.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16359673", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (US TV series)\"\nhousekeeper Stella O'Brien (Bibi Osterwald). Having never gained his father's love, Julian sought affection elsewhere, developing an unfortunate affinity for the many young women he taught at Northcross University. When the serial began, Julian had recently married nubile Mary (Diana Walker), his adult son Michael's former girlfriend. Michael was pursued by the amoral Vicky Lucas (Robyn Millan), even though she knew he still carried a torch for Mary. Vicky, the daughter of Ed Lucas (Joseph Mascolo) the owner of a restaurant in Northcross, called the Starlight, managed to seduce Michael, and when she conveniently became pregnant, he married her. Vicky", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18388651", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (novel)\"\nWhere the Heart Is (novel) Where the Heart Is is a 1995 novel by Billie Letts. It was chosen as an Oprah's Book Club selection in December 1998. A 2000 film of the same name was directed by Matt Williams, starring Natalie Portman, Ashley Judd and Stockard Channing. \"\"Where the Heart Is\"\" follows the lives of Novalee Nation, Willy Jack Picken, and their daughter Americus Nation for a period of seven years in the 1980s and early 1990s. Above all, the book dramatizes in detail the tribulations of lower-income and foster children in the United States. This novel opens with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19209500", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (US TV series)\"\ntried to unplug her respirator, but was caught. Vicky was confined to a state mental hospital, while Mary, now recuperated from the accident, gave birth to Julian's son and Michael's half-brother, Daniel. Julian's hard-hearted sister Allison didn’t find success in love either. After her husband Roy died, Allison married Dr. Hugh Jessup (Rex Robbins and David Cryer), who had problems with commitment. Allison's demanding nature sent him into the arms of confused, but sweet, Christine Cameron (Terry O'Connor and Delphi Harrington), a woman who was Kate Hathaway's best friend. When Christine became pregnant, Hugh filed for divorce and left stony", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18388656", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (novel)\"\nfrom a well-bred family but had to drop out of college to take care of his alcoholic sister. He appears \"\"crazy\"\" and shouts facts he has read from books at Novalee. Novalee takes a walk to Sister Husband's home, who had told Novalee in Walmart she was welcome to visit her house any time, to ask Sister Husband if she could plant her buckeye on her property. As the weeks pass, Novalee becomes good friends with Forney, Sister Husband and her companion Mr. Sprock. Novalee is forced to have her baby in the Wal-Mart, but Forney breaks a window and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19209503", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (US TV series)\"\nadopted Ellie's mute son Peter (Michael Bersell). Peter's muteness was psychosomatic, having developed after he witnessed a deadly fire involving his Aunt Margaret Jardin (Rue McClanahan), who had an incestuous attachment to her brother Robert (Keith Charles), Peter's father. When Robert failed to return his sister's feelings, she ran him down with a car and killed him. Peter also died in a tragic accident, and Kate, unable to cope with all the tragedy around her, began to display increasingly erratic behavior, hearing voices and acting lewdly. Kate feared that she was dying from the same brain aneurysm that claimed the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4159288", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (2000 film)\"\ndisappears with the money donated by well-wishers. Sister Husband arrives and offers to take in Novalee and Americus. Three years later, Novalee becomes a photographer with the help of Moses. When a tornado blows through Sequoyah, Sister Husband is killed. In her memory, Novalee shoots a picture of Americus and the still-standing buckeye tree amidst the damage from the storm. After the funeral, Novalee finds out that she is the beneficiary of Sister's estate, totaling around $40,000. Novalee builds a new home for herself and Americus on Sister's land. Meanwhile, after a spell in prison and travelling to Nashville, Willy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18388657", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (novel)\"\nhelps her give birth. At the hospital she befriends her nurse Lexi who is obese and has four different children with different fathers. She finds out that she and her baby are famous and in the news. Remembering Moses Whitecotton's advice on picking a name for her daughter, Novalee decided to name her Americus. Novalee's mother finds out which hospital she's at because of the news report on her, but Novalee finds out the hard way that her intentions were just for money. Sister convinces Novalee to move in with her and Novalee starts to work in the Walmart where", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3923711", "chunk_text": "\"Diana Van der Vlis\"\nDiana Van der Vlis Diana Van der Vlis (June 9, 1935 - October 22, 2001) was a Canadian-American stage, screen and television actress best known for her characters Dr. Nell Beaulac on the ABC soap opera \"\"Ryan's Hope\"\" and Kate Hathaway Prescott on the CBS soap opera \"\"Where the Heart Is\"\". Two other roles on daytime dramas that she played were Sherry Rowan on \"\"Ryan's Hope\"\" and Susan Ames Carver on \"\"The Secret Storm\"\", when she was a substitute for Judy Lewis in the role. Van der Vlis studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts (RADA) in London and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18388658", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (novel)\"\nshe used to stay. Sister eventually becomes a mother figure to Novalee and her daughter over the course of the plot. Willy Jack becomes a talented musician while locked up and once he gets out he immediately tries to get an agent to represent him. The only one who agrees to give him a chance is Ruth Meyers who soon makes him famous using the alias \"\"Billy Shadow\"\". Three years have passed and Novalee has steadily becoming a talented photographer alongside Moses Whitecotton. She takes pictures at many different events and is also hired by many people to take their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18388665", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (novel)\"\ntime. He tells her that he called every time he was in a troubled spot and that he instantly felt better once he heard Americus's voice. When Novalee asks him why he lied about the baby's heart, Willy Jack tells her that he doesn't have a good reason but that sometimes people say such a huge lie that it changes their whole life. That if given a second chance, most people would do anything to set that lie straight. Novalee realizes that the lie she has told and that has changed her life is telling Forney that she didn't love", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17974601", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (novel)\"\nat a Wal-Mart in Sequoyah, Oklahoma, so she can use the restroom and purchase a pair of sandals, as hers fell through the floor of their beat up car. When Novalee comes out of the Wal-Mart, she realizes Willy Jack has left her with nothing more than her beach bag and the $7.77 she has in change from the purchase of new sandals. With nowhere else to go, Novalee spends the afternoon at the Wal-Mart and meets \"\"Sister Husband\"\", a kind and spunky woman who runs the town's \"\"Welcome Wagon.\"\" Sister Husband has a deep faith and hands out chapters", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15791440", "chunk_text": "\"Sisters at Heart\"\nand all of the other characters are white, including the Stephens family: Darrin (Dick Sargent), his wife Samantha (Elizabeth Montgomery), their daughter Tabitha (Erin Murphy), and their son Adam (David Lawrence). Tabitha is glad to be able to spend a few days with Lisa and says they will temporarily be sisters. Darrin is another of Larry's employees at advertising agency McMann and Tate. Darrin is trying to land a million-dollar account from Mr. Brockway (Parley Baer), who owns a toy company. Mr. Brockway visits the Stephens residence unannounced to find out if Darrin has any dark secrets. When Mr. Brockway", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4159285", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (2000 film)\"\nWhere the Heart Is (2000 film) Where the Heart Is is a 2000 American romantic drama film directed by Matt Williams in his film directing debut. The film stars Natalie Portman, Stockard Channing, Ashley Judd, and Joan Cusack with supporting roles performed by James Frain, Dylan Bruno, Keith David, and Sally Field. The screenplay, written by Lowell Ganz and Babaloo Mandel, is based on the best-selling 1995 novel of the same name by Billie Letts. The film follows five years in the life of Novalee Nation, a pregnant 17-year-old, who is abandoned by her boyfriend at a Walmart in a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "375186", "chunk_text": "\"The Death of the Heart\"\nthat time might soon end.\"\" At the beginning of the novel, Portia moves in with Anna and Thomas Quayne after her mother dies. Portia is Thomas's half sister. Mr. Quayne (<nowiki>Thomas's father</nowiki>) had an extramarital affair with Irene (Portia's mother) while married to Thomas's mother. When Irene became pregnant, and Mrs. Quayne learned of it, she was adamant that he do what was the right thing: so, at his own wife's unyielding insistence, Mr. Quayne divorced Thomas's mother and married Irene. Mr. Quayne, Irene, and Portia then left England and traveled through Europe as exiles from society and from the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18388660", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (novel)\"\nis Sister Husband. Since the Walmart and Sister's trailer was also destroyed, Novalee decides to move to the next town where the Walmart is being rebuilt. To her great surprise, Novalee learns that Sister left all of her possessions and life insurance in Novalee's name. She is able to build a house right where Sister's trailer use to be and where her buckeye tree is miraculously still standing. Willy Jack has since become cocky and tries to go behind Ruth Meyers' back to get a better agent. She learns of this and makes sure that he no longer is able", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "375187", "chunk_text": "\"The Death of the Heart\"\nQuayne family, living in the cheapest of lodgings. Irene and Portia continued to live in this fashion until, when Portia was 16, Irene died. Portia was sent to live with Thomas and Anna after Irene's death. The plan is that she is to stay with them for one year at which time Portia will leave and move in with Irene's sister (Portia's aunt). Portia is a naturally awkward girl, and this aspect of her personality has been intensified by her strange childhood which was one of constant travel, change, and strangers, while at the same time being incredibly isolating. She", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4523744", "chunk_text": "\"Louise Shaffer\"\nLouise Shaffer Louise Shaffer (born July 5, 1942) is an American actress, script writer, and author. Shaffer was born in Woodbridge, Connecticut, where she showed an interest in acting early on in her life. After finishing high school, she attended Connecticut College for Women, then Yale Drama School. Shaffer is a coloratura soprano, and was trained at Juilliard. Throughout her life, Shaffer has appeared in numerous soap operas, including \"\"Search for Tomorrow\"\" where she played two separate roles; that of scheming Emily Rogers Hunter (1967–1968) and powerful businesswoman Stephanie Wilkins#2 (1984–1986), \"\"Hidden Faces\"\" (1968–1969),\"\" and Where the Heart Is\"\" (in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19209505", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (US TV series)\"\nMeanwhile, Liz's father John Rainey (Peter MacLean) became involved with Christine Cameron, who was caught in a court battle with Hugh and Allison for custody of Katina. Christine sought therapy with psychiatrist Dr. Adrienne Harris (Priscilla Pointer), unaware that she was John's estranged wife. Desperate for reconciliation with John, Adrienne subtly manipulated Christine into having a complete nervous breakdown, forcing her to be institutionalized. During the serial's last week, all of Liz and Adrienne's machinations were exposed, and they decided to move in together to rebuild their lives, without Michael and John. Mary, who left Julian after discovering that Liz", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18388652", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (novel)\"\nNovalee and Willy Jack, her then boyfriend, traveling from Tennessee to California. Letts describes Novalee's relationships with the number 7; at the age of 7 her mother ran off with a baseball umpire named Fred, her best friend in seventh grade got arrested and a crazy customer at her cafe job cut her from wrist to elbow and took fifty-five stitches to close her up.\"\" Novalee makes Willy Jack place his hand on her stomach so that he can feel the baby's heart. Even though he obviously does, he says that he feels nothing. Novalee convinces Willy Jack to stop", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8805413", "chunk_text": "\"Girl, Missing\"\nThe adoptive daughter of the Matthews and the biological daughter of the Purditts. The biological sister of Shelby Annabelle Purditt and Madison Gloria Purditt. When she was 3, Lauren was kidnapped by Sonia Holtwood. She was on the beach with Annie playing hide-and-seek with a red bucket the day she went missing. Later on in the book she has flashbacks of that day. James \"\"Jam\"\" Caldwell Lauren's best friend, who is 15 and goes with her on her journey. He later becomes her boyfriend. His mother (Carla) spends no time with him, being too busy with his younger siblings or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15909887", "chunk_text": "\"Crimes of the Heart (film)\"\nCrimes of the Heart (film) Crimes of the Heart is a 1986 American southern gothic film directed by Bruce Beresford. The screenplay by Beth Henley is adapted from her Pulitzer Prize-winning play of the same name. The film tells the story of the three Magrath sisters, Babe, Lenny, and Meg, who reunite in their family home in Mississippi to regroup and settle their past. Each sister is forced to face the consequences of the \"\"crimes of the heart\"\" she has committed. The story focuses on the Magrath sisters—Lenny, Meg, and Babe—who reunite at the family home in Hazlehurst, Mississippi, after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9450767", "chunk_text": "\"Be Careful With My Heart\"\nRosa (Jodi Sta. Maria), her older sister, Cristina Rose, and Cristina's son, Cho, are introduced as tour guides in their hometown of San Nicolas, with their mother running a souvenir shop. Money is often less than the living expenses and household repairs. Cristina Rose hopes to work at sea, while Maya dreams of becoming a flight stewardess. One rainy night, after an attempt to fix the roof, Cristina breaks her leg and is thus unable to complete her schooling to become a seafarer. With a large medical bill, Maya deems it necessary to work overseas for two years to help", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3878488", "chunk_text": "\"Patricia Kalember\"\nPatricia Kalember Patricia Kathryn Kalember (born December 30, 1956) is an American actress, best known for her role as Georgiana \"\"Georgie\"\" Reed Whitsig in the NBC drama series, \"\"Sisters\"\" (1991–1996). Kalember also had the leading roles in the number of television films, co-starred in the feature films, including \"\"Fletch Lives\"\" (1989), \"\"Jacob's Ladder\"\" (1990), \"\"A Far Off Place\"\" (1993), \"\"Signs\"\" (2002), \"\"The Company Men\"\" (2010), and \"\"Limitless\"\" (2011), and recurring roles in \"\"thirtysomething\"\" (1989–1991) and \"\"\"\" (2004–2010). Kalember was born in Schenectady, New York, the daughter of Vivian Daisy (née Wright) and Robert James Kalember. She was raised in Westport,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19209504", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (US TV series)\"\nlife of her mother, but in reality, she had developed a truculent split personality called “Betty”. In the show's final year, Julian fell into a steamy affair with conniving student Liz Harris Rainey (Tracy Brooks Swope). After he rejected her, Liz, secretly pregnant with his child, married Michael. Now ensconced in the Hathaway home, Liz tortured Julian, constantly threatening to tell Mary and Michael about their affair. She also instigated vicious rumors on the university campus that Julian and Mary were engaged in a ménage à trois with Loretta Jardin (Alice Drummond), Peter's aunt, a recovering alcoholic high school teacher.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16230001", "chunk_text": "\"Annamarie Kenoyer\"\nfeaturing Kenoyer's character. Annamarie Kenoyer Annamarie Kenoyer (born July 2, 1994) is an American teen actress, who is known for appearing in several television shows and a few films. Her most noted role is as Ashley Whitaker in \"\"Medium\"\". Annamarie first appeared in 2005 in \"\"Amateur\"\", as Jeffrey Christopher Todd's little sister. She then appeared in \"\"iCarly\"\" as Shannon, the girl that Gibby likes but has a crush on Freddie. In 2009, she appeared in \"\"Southland\"\" as Kimmy Salinger. As of 2014, Kenoyer portrays Becca in \"\"The Fosters\"\", a girl who is part of the group of foster girls who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4149490", "chunk_text": "\"Kerrie Taylor\"\n\"\"Heartbeat\"\", \"\"Clocking Off\"\", \"\"Fallen\"\", \"\"Casualty\"\" and most recently a role in BBC daytime serial drama \"\"Doctors\"\". She also presents for the fashion brand Annalee+Hope on QVC. Kerrie Taylor studied Drama at Manchester Metropolitan University's School of Theatre. Kerrie Taylor Kerrie Taylor is a British actress who was born in 1973 in Romsey, Hampshire. Taylor is best known for the role of Beth Enright/Beresford on the ITV1 family drama \"\"Where the Heart Is\"\", a role she played for four years. In 2005 Kerrie filmed her final scenes with the ITV drama after she decided it was to be her last series.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2595152", "chunk_text": "\"Jane Froman\"\nJane Froman Jane Froman (November 10, 1907 – April 22, 1980) was an American singer and actress. During her thirty-year career, Froman performed on stage, radio and television despite chronic injuries that she sustained in a 1943 plane crash. Her life story was told in the 1952 film \"\"With a Song in My Heart\"\". She was portrayed by Susan Hayward, who was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance. Ellen Jane Froman was born in University City, Missouri, the daughter of Anna Tillman (née Barcafer 1874–1962) and Elmer Ellsworth Froman (1868-1936). Her childhood and adolescence were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7491301", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (1990 film)\"\nWhere the Heart Is (1990 film) Where the Heart Is is a 1990 American romantic comedy film directed by John Boorman, and starring Dabney Coleman, Uma Thurman, Joanna Cassidy, Crispin Glover, Suzy Amis, and Christopher Plummer. Stewart McBain is a successful self-made demolitions expert who blows up buildings for a living. In the midst of one such project, a group of protesters stops the last building on a lot, the Dutch House, from being demolished. When McBain appears on TV to dismiss the protests, he is made to look foolish. Returning home, his three college-aged children–Daphne, Chloe, and Jimmy–ridicule him", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20135769", "chunk_text": "\"Three Hearts (film)\"\nwithout exchanging contact information. On the time of the rendezvous, Marc is held up in a meeting and they miss each other. Disappointed, Sylvie moves to the USA with her husband. Later, Marc meets Sylvie's sister Sophie and they fall in love. As Marc and Sophie's relationship becomes serious, he discovers she is Sylvie's sister. \"\"Three Hearts\"\" is produced by Edouard Weil and Alice Girard for Rectangle Productions, with co-production support from Pandora Film, Scope Pictures and Arte France Cinéma. The film was pre-acquired by Canal+ and Ciné+ and will be distributed by Wild Bunch in France. Filming began on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "38392", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (UK TV series)\"\non the band's \"\"38 Carat Collection\"\". The series is currently being repeated on ITV3. The show follows the lives of the people of Skelthwaite, a fictional small Yorkshire town; particularly the work of the district nurses at the town's health centre. It originally focuses on the extended Snow and Goddard family — sisters-in-law and close friends Peggy Snow (Ferris) and Ruth Goddard (Lancashire) who work together as district nurses, while Ruth's husband and Peggy's younger brother Simon (Thomas Craig) is the town's main employer through his paper products factory. Peggy's husband Vic (Tony Haygarth) and her children Stephen and Lucy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9924123", "chunk_text": "\"The Forsyte Saga: To Let\"\nbe \"\"entranced’ by Fleur. He tells her not to worry, that boys of his age are fickle, and that the interest will pass. Fleur knows that Holly Dartie (Amanda Ryan) is Jon's half-sister (and that he is currently staying at Val (Julian Ovenden) and Holly's farm). At her 18th birthday party, she invites herself to stay with them in order to meet Jon again. At the farm, when Jon is introduced to Fleur, she pretends they have not met before. She sneaks off early one morning to find Jon, who is working at the nearby farm of Mr Maple. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "983566", "chunk_text": "\"Stella Chernak\"\nStella Chernak Stella Chernak is a fictional character on the television drama \"\"Peyton Place\"\". She was portrayed in over 60 episodes by Lee Grant, between 1965 and 1966. Stella Chernak grew up in the poor part of Peyton Place and was the favorite child of her alcoholic father, Gus. Although her little brother Joe spent most of his time in juvenile prison, she loved him very much and they were very close. In 1958, she left town and built up a promising career as a biochemist. She initially only comes to Peyton Place for a visit, but agrees to work", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20371043", "chunk_text": "\"The Heart, She Holler\"\nThe Heart, She Holler The Heart, She Holler is a live-action television series produced by Vernon Chatman, John Lee and Alyson Levy for Adult Swim. The series, described as \"\"Southern Gothic drama\"\" and \"\"an inside-out blend of soap opera and politically incorrect surrealist comedy\"\", is about the long-hidden and isolated son of the Heartshe dynasty – played by Patton Oswalt – returning to run the town and being locked in conflict with sisters Hurshe played by Kristen Schaal and Amy Sedaris and also Hambrosia played by Heather Lawless. The show premiered on November 6, 2011, for a six-episode first season.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "842788", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Heart Is (UK TV series)\"\nprovide family-focused storylines which sit alongside the medical-based plots. The programme underwent major changes at the end of series three and the beginning of series four, with first Lancashire and then Ferris departing. Ruth and Simon split, with Ruth moving to Australia, and Peggy tragically dies following a road accident involving a horse which also left her daughter Lucy fighting for her life. Storylines continued to focus on the rest of the family, with Simon and Vic adjusting to life as single men and for Vic, as a single father, whilst old friends Anna Kirkwall (Lesley Dunlop) and Karen Buckley", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13785344", "chunk_text": "\"Isabella Toscano\"\nas an inmate at an asylum. Isabella's sister, Marina (Hunter Tylo) is keeping her locked up against her will. She escapes with the help of Jack Deveraux and she hides away in his loft. Together, Jack and Isabella discover the Toscano family treasure and her mother, Loretta's diary—which Marina has been looking for. When Marina's dead body was discovered, Steve's wife, Kayla Brady was convicted in her murder. Unwilling to believe that Kayla was guilty, Isabella teamed up with Kayla's brother, Roman Brady. In a surprising turn of events, Isabella and Roman discovered that Isabella killed Marina, then blocked the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10662986", "chunk_text": "\"Laura Harrington\"\nalso appeared in television series including \"\"Quantum Leap\"\". She co-wrote the script for the film \"\"The Moon and the Sun\"\". Laura Harrington Laura Harrington (born April 29, 1958) is an American actress. Harrington is perhaps best known for her role as the main character's sister in the 1993 film \"\"What's Eating Gilbert Grape\"\". Her character was aged around 20 though the actress herself was 35 at the time. She has also had a prominent role in the 1986 film \"\"Maximum Overdrive\"\", written and directed by horror novelist Stephen King, in which she played the love interest to Emilio Estevez's character.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3376	who played the twins in darling buds of may?	n/a	[ "Christina Giles", "Katherine Giles" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "151", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\non to Executive Produce the show, alongside Vernon Lawrence of Yorkshire Television. Bates had originally considered Bob Hoskins as ideal for the role of Pop, but Lawrence was of the view his increasing fame as a film actor would create problems. Jason was cast first, followed by Ferris and Franks. Finding an actor to fit with the novel's description of Mariette as a black-haired and olive-skinned beauty proved difficult, with over 300 rejected until Zeta-Jones was cast. With filming due to start, she had been spotted appearing in \"\"42nd Street\"\" at the Drury Lane Theatre. Each one-hour episode took two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10699633", "chunk_text": "\"Philip Franks\"\nwhich starred David Jason, Anton Lesser, Stephanie Cole, and Sophie Roberts. When three former Special Operations Executive agents are reunited in 1997 their meeting forces them to look at their own conduct during World War Two. The story was inspired by real events. Anton Lesser played code maker Leo Marks and Stephanie Cole played Vera Atkins. Philip Franks Philip Franks (born 2 February 1956) is an English actor and theatre director, known to the public chiefly for his roles in English television series, such as \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\" and \"\"Heartbeat\"\". Franks was born in London and is the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1583623", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nThe Darling Buds of May (TV series) The Darling Buds of May is an English comedy drama television series, produced by Yorkshire Television for the ITV network, first broadcast between 7 April 1991 and 4 April 1993. It is an adaptation of the 1958 novel of the same name, and its sequels, by H. E. Bates. Set in rural 1950s Kent, it follows the life of the Larkin family. It starred David Jason as \"\"Pop\"\" Larkin alongside Pam Ferris as \"\"Ma\"\" Larkin, with Catherine Zeta-Jones playing their eldest daughter Mariette, who marries tax inspector Cedric \"\"Charlie\"\" Charlton, played by Philip", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7322012", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nall twenty episodes, while Zeta-Jones and Franks appeared in eighteen, their only absences being in the third series' double episode \"\"Cast Not Your Pearls Before Swine\"\" (3.3 & 3.4). The actors playing the other Larkin children and grandchild were as below (listed in descending character age). All the children except those yet to be born appeared in the first episode. After appearing in the first six episodes, the actor playing Primrose was replaced, the second appearing from the seventh episode (the first Christmas special) onwards. The actors playing the roles of Oscar and John Blenheim first appear in episodes 1.5", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9598895", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nFranks. A ratings success, it proved to be Zeta-Jones's breakout role. Featuring a total of 20 episodes, it was broadcast as three series of six double-episode story lines in the spring of 1991, 1992 and 1993, plus two single-episode Christmas specials aired in 1991 and 1992. The title is from the third line of Shakespeare's sonnet 18. The Larkin family lives on a farm in rural England, in the county of Kent. Sidney (\"\"Pop\"\") and his common law wife Florence (\"\"Ma\"\") have six children, eldest daughter Mariette, followed by their only son Montgomery, and other daughters Primrose, twins Zinnia and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3966062", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nOriginally a short story, he expanded it into a novel, followed by a further four books, the titles of the first four of which were used as episode titles for the TV series: The first novel in the series was originally adapted to the screen in 1959 as \"\"The Mating Game\"\", starring Debbie Reynolds and Tony Randall as Mariette and Charley. The fifth novel, \"\"A Little of What You Fancy?\"\", was never adapted for television, but it was adapted into a six-part series by Eric Pringle for BBC Radio, with Jason and Ferris reprising their roles, first airing in February", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2360039", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nand 2.1, respectively. Although a male character, John Blenheim was played by Daisy-May Bates, granddaughter of the author of the books. Various other actors appeared in more than one storyline, i.e. in more than one double episode. Having been sold to MGM films in 1959, it wasn't until 1989 that Richard Bates, son of the author of the original books H. E. Bates, was able to purchase the rights to the novels. At the same time, Yorkshire Television were looking for a new project for David Jason, having starred for them in \"\"A Bit of a Do\"\". Richard Bates went", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6046367", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\n1996. In May 2011 a stage production of the series was put on at Buss Farm. The Darling Buds of May (TV series) The Darling Buds of May is an English comedy drama television series, produced by Yorkshire Television for the ITV network, first broadcast between 7 April 1991 and 4 April 1993. It is an adaptation of the 1958 novel of the same name, and its sequels, by H. E. Bates. Set in rural 1950s Kent, it follows the life of the Larkin family. It starred David Jason as \"\"Pop\"\" Larkin alongside Pam Ferris as \"\"Ma\"\" Larkin, with Catherine", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11016482", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nseries was the Larkin family's habit of giving their children unusual or themed first and middle names. Mariette was created by combining 'Marie' and 'Antoinette'. Montgomery was named after wartime officer Field Marshall Montgomery. Victoria was named for being born during the plum season (Victoria plum). While Monty and Victoria have no middle names, the other children have several: Primrose Violet Anemone Iris Magnolia Narcissa, twins Petunia June Florence Nightingale and Zinnia June Florence Nightingale, and Oscar Columbus Septimus Dupont, the last one being in tribute to the French hotellier Madamoiselle Dupont, who features in the series. Mariette's wedding ceremony", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10699629", "chunk_text": "\"Philip Franks\"\nPhilip Franks Philip Franks (born 2 February 1956) is an English actor and theatre director, known to the public chiefly for his roles in English television series, such as \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\" and \"\"Heartbeat\"\". Franks was born in London and is the only child of Patricia and Robert Franks. His father was a squadron leader pilot in the Royal Air Force. Franks maintains that he first fell in love with theatre at age six, when his parents took him along to see a production of \"\"The Tempest\"\". The following year, his parents were going to a production of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16615356", "chunk_text": "\"Rachel Bell\"\nLove\"\". In 2010 she played Hyacinth Bucket in a theatrical adaptation of the BBC situation comedy \"\"Keeping Up Appearances\"\" that toured the UK. In 2017 she took on the recurring role of Eve Haskey, mother of doctor Al Haskey, in the BBC daily drama series \"\"Doctors\"\". Rachel Bell Rachel Bell (born 1950) is an English actress. Bell has many television credits to her name and has been associated as a long-running character with three series: Margaret Holmes in \"\"Grange Hill\"\" (1997–2002); Edith Pilchester in \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\" (1991–1993); and Louise, the overbearing chair of the divorcee support group", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11016481", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nplayed a core role in the series. Due to not being ripe at the right time, the strawberries used in the series were imported from Holland. One of the most iconic scenes features Pop and Ma eating a meal together whilst having a bath. With several scenes featuring eating, the fact Ferris was a vegetarian had to be worked around by the production staff. Both Ferris and Jason gained weight due to the amount of food they had to consume, often doing multiple takes for several scenes at one time, to make the scenes look realistic. Another theme of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19046146", "chunk_text": "\"Leas Lift\"\nthe cars. On June 1991, one of the lifts was seen in an episode of The Darling Buds of May (TV series). David Jason, Pam Ferris, Catherine Zeta-Jones, Philip Franks, Anna Massey and Moray Watson all appeared on the lift. In June 2009, Folkestone and Hythe District Council’s lease ran out and it was decided that the lift was too expensive to run. Campaigners subsequently protested against the closure of the lift and in April 2010, it was announced that the lift was to be restored. Crofton Design, the consulting engineers responsible for the Leas Lift restoration, was appointed as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3337790", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds\"\nThe Darling Buds The Darling Buds are an alternative rock band from Newport, South Wales. The band formed in 1986 and were named after the H. E. Bates novel \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\" – a title taken in turn, from the third line of Shakespeare's Sonnet 18: \"\"Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May\"\". Influenced by the catchy simple sound of the early Beatles as well as that of Blondie, the band created melodic, hook-driven, short-duration singles. They were considered part of the short lived \"\"Blonde\"\" movement (indie rock band fronted by blonde female singer with all", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2360041", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nweeks to film, followed by two months in post production. Much of the series was filmed in and around the village of Pluckley in Kent; Executive Producer Richard Bates lived just a few miles away. The location for \"\"Home Farm\"\", the Larkin residence, was Buss Farm a few miles south of Pluckley, owned by the Holmes family. All four main buildings of the Grade II listed farm were utilised, the farmhouse itself, a square oast house (depicted in the title sequence), a Tudor barn and cart lodge. After being put up for sale by the family in 2012, it was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7322008", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nfrom their younger sibling Victoria, who delights in teasing and embarrassing all her siblings, especially Primrose. All the episodes are seemingly set during 1958–59 despite the timespan of events across all three series making this a logical impossibility. The first serial is based on the first book, written and set in 1958, during which Florence finds out she is pregnant. In the second serial (\"\"When the green woods laugh\"\") Sidney is accused of committing indecent assault on 23 August 1958. The trial takes place on 7 July, the same day as Charlie and Mariette's wedding; this would seem to be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1972582", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (novel)\"\nfilm \"\"The Mating Game\"\" in 1959. ITV produced a television series based on the novel and its sequels, \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\", which ran from 1991 to 1993. The Darling Buds of May (novel) The Darling Buds of May is a novella by British writer H. E. Bates, first published in 1958. It was the first of a series of five books about the Larkins, a rural family from Kent. Pop and Ma Larkin and their many children take joy in nature, each other's company, and almost constant feasts. Their only income is through selling scrap, picking strawberries, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13923842", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds\"\nin September 2014, and two headline shows at London's Lexington in April 2015. The Darling Buds released the \"\"Evergreen\"\" EP, their first new material in 25 years, on Oddbox Records on 28 April 2017, and followed this up with a digital-only single, New Year, on 15 December 2018. The Darling Buds The Darling Buds are an alternative rock band from Newport, South Wales. The band formed in 1986 and were named after the H. E. Bates novel \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\" – a title taken in turn, from the third line of Shakespeare's Sonnet 18: \"\"Rough winds do shake", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3966049", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nthe earliest according to the dating of the first series and the chronology of events up to that point. However, in the sixth serial (\"\"Stranger at the gates\"\") the twins celebrate their birthday, which a close-up of a wall calendar reveals to be 15 August 1959. In the eighth serial (\"\"Le Grand Weekend\"\") the Larkins' weekend getaway coincides with Charles de Gaulle's state visit, which would date the events of the episode to April 1960 if it does indeed coincide with the real-life visit. Primrose's birthday was revealed to be in May in \"\"Stranger at the gates\"\" and she celebrates", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3554595", "chunk_text": "\"Raymond Mearns\"\nRaymond Mearns Raymond Mearns is a Scottish actor and comedian who is best known for his part in Scottish comedy sitcom \"\"Legit\"\", in which he played Happy Boab. He has also appeared in \"\"Ae Fond Kiss...\"\" and \"\"It's a Free World...\"\", which were both directed by award-winning Ken Loach. Mearns has also acted alongside his brother Eddie when they played the Blind Twins, Troy and Roy Pettifer in the 1998 short film \"\"Home\"\", which won Best Short Film at the 1999 BAFTA Awards. He appeared in the \"\"Rab C. Nesbitt\"\" Christmas special, in which he played a BBC security guard.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17339102", "chunk_text": "\"The Mating Game (film)\"\nThe Mating Game (film) The Mating Game (1959) is an MGM Metrocolor film in CinemaScope directed by George Marshall, and starring Debbie Reynolds, Tony Randall and Paul Douglas in his final film role. Reynolds sings the title song during the opening credits. The film was written by William Roberts very loosely based on a British novel, \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\" by H. E. Bates, which was later adapted into a more faithful 1991–93 British miniseries, starring Catherine Zeta-Jones in the role that Debbie Reynolds plays in the film. The film has been featured on Turner Classic Movies, and was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3555737", "chunk_text": "\"Raymond Mearns\"\nIt aired on 23 December 2008. He also starred in \"\"Next Time Ned\"\". Raymond Mearns Raymond Mearns is a Scottish actor and comedian who is best known for his part in Scottish comedy sitcom \"\"Legit\"\", in which he played Happy Boab. He has also appeared in \"\"Ae Fond Kiss...\"\" and \"\"It's a Free World...\"\", which were both directed by award-winning Ken Loach. Mearns has also acted alongside his brother Eddie when they played the Blind Twins, Troy and Roy Pettifer in the 1998 short film \"\"Home\"\", which won Best Short Film at the 1999 BAFTA Awards. He appeared in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2554312", "chunk_text": "\"Catherine Zeta-Jones\"\nKing Sharir (Thierry Lhermitte). The film was not well received at the box office, and according to de Broca's obituary in \"\"The Daily Telegraph\"\", the film \"\"is best remembered for its enjoyable nude scenes\"\". Greater success followed when she starred opposite David Jason and Pam Ferris in the British period comedy-drama television series \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\" from 1991 to 1993. Adapted from H. E. Bates novel of the same name, Zeta-Jones played the role of the eldest daughter of a family living in the countryside in 1950s Britain. The series was the highest-rated television show in the country", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6133938", "chunk_text": "\"Pam Ferris\"\nPam Ferris Pamela E. Ferris (born 11 May 1948 in Hanover, Germany) is a Welsh actress. She starred on television as Ma Larkin in \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\", and as Laura Thyme in \"\"Rosemary & Thyme\"\", and has played parts in family films based on works by British authors, such as Miss Trunchbull in \"\"Matilda\"\" and as Aunt Marge in \"\"Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban\"\", and most recently as Sister Evangelina in \"\"Call the Midwife\"\". Ferris performed in her younger years at the Mercury Theatre in Auckland, and later with various regional companies in the UK. She", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16912429", "chunk_text": "\"Abigail Rokison\"\nAbigail Rokison Abigail Rokison-Woodall (née Rokison) is an author and academic specialising in William Shakespeare, as well as a former actress. She was Director of Studies in English and Drama at Homerton College, Cambridge until the end of 2012. She is now lecturer in Shakespeare and Theatre at the Shakespeare Institute, Stratford upon Avon. She previously played Primrose in \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\". Her acting career covered both stage and screen, and included the role of Primrose Larkin in the ITV television comedy drama \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\", first broadcast between 1991 and 1993. She went on to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2360033", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nstuffy environs of the local village. Mariette and Charlie's relationship is more torrid, in part due to his insecurity over her attractiveness, and his varying success in providing financially, with their newly acquired hop garden struggling. Mariette's business skills eventually come to bear as they purchase a local brewery. Primrose is depicted as a frustrated romantic, moving to France to live with a boy her own age and attempting to seduce both Charlie and the village minister upon her return. Monty meanwhile contends with bullying, both at home and at naval boarding school. The increasingly mischievous twins gradually grow apart", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6765872", "chunk_text": "\"Gayle and Gillian Blakeney\"\nGayle and Gillian Blakeney Gayle and Gillian Blakeney are Australian identical twins who performed together as actresses and as a dance/pop duo in the 1990s. Born in Brisbane on 9 July 1966, Gayle is older by nine minutes. They are most widely known for their stint in the soap opera \"\"Neighbours\"\", as another set of twins Caroline and Christina Alessi. The girls knew from a young age that they wanted to be on television. After begging their mother to take them to singing lessons, she finally agreed and this led them to various talent quests around South East Queensland. As", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16356934", "chunk_text": "\"Anthea Askey\"\n\"\"Living It Up\"\", \"\"The Dickie Henderson Half-Hour\"\", \"\"Arthur's Treasured Volumes\"\" and a cameo appearance in \"\"Make Mine a Million\"\" in 1959. In 1993 she starred in an episode of \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\". Anthea Askey died in Worthing, Sussex, in 1999, aged 65. Anthea Askey Anthea Shirley Askey (2 March 1933 – 28 February 1999) was an English actress who was popular on television in the 1950s. Anthea Askey was born in Golders Green, north London, to the comedian and actor Arthur Askey, and his wife Elizabeth May Swash (b. 1899, m. 1925, d. 1974). In many of her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "160", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nin series one reveals her middle name to be Jane. Mariette and Charlie continue the family penchant for elaborate naming by christening their son John Marlborough Churchill Blenheim. The first episode was transmitted on the ITV channel at 8pm on a Sunday night. When the series was first released on video, it sold £1m worth of copies in the first four days. DVD releases: Note: The 2008 and 2011 DVD sets from ITV Studios list that there are 11 episodes; this is due to the fact that all episodes in series 1–3 (not including the specials) contain two parts making", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5333073", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nit in the ninth serial \"\"The happiest days of your life\"\", dating the events either to May 1960 (using the retconned second series date) or 1961 (going by the date given in the first series). By the eleventh serial (\"\"Climb the greasy pole\"\"), when the children are older and the babies have grown to toddlerhood, another close-up of a calendar reveals the month to be October 1959. At the end of the final episode, Sidney is elected to the Rural District Council on 5 November 1959 (Guy Fawkes Night). Of the four main cast members, Jason and Ferris appeared in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1972579", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (novel)\"\nThe Darling Buds of May (novel) The Darling Buds of May is a novella by British writer H. E. Bates, first published in 1958. It was the first of a series of five books about the Larkins, a rural family from Kent. Pop and Ma Larkin and their many children take joy in nature, each other's company, and almost constant feasts. Their only income is through selling scrap, picking strawberries, and selling farm animals or previous purchases that they've tired of. Nevertheless, they joyfully spend money on horses, cars, perfume, fine furniture, and holidays abroad. Pop Larkin opposes taxes and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6046357", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nof the Larkin's beach holiday, filmed in Folkestone, including a backdrop of the Leas Lift. Mlle. Dupont is met by the Larkin's at Folkestone Harbour after her channel crossing. Little filming was done inside the farmhouse, the interiors having been shot in a studio at Yorkshire Television. Scenes shot in the former Wennington School near Wetherby in Yorkshire which stood in for Bluff Hall were included. Other filming locations in Yorkshire include the Hotel Metropole in Leeds which stood in for the 'Marble Arch Hotel'. To mark the series' 20th anniversary, Kent County Council established a tourist trail featuring the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3119344", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nPetunia, and Victoria. Ma is a housewife while Pop supplements his farm income with various other not entirely legitimate enterprises. Tax collector Cedric (\"\"Charlie\"\") visits to audit Pop, but falls in love with Mariette and quits his job to live the rural life. As Ma and Pop raise their other children, Charlie attempts to provide for his now wife Mariette. Ma and Pop soon have a seventh child, Oscar, followed around a year later by Charlie and Mariette's first baby, John Blenheim. Pop and Ma's relationship is depicted as loving and affectionate throughout, although Pop is flirtatious and subject to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2360035", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\na continuity error because it cannot be July of the following year as Florence's baby had not yet been born. By the time of the third serial (\"\"A breath of French air\"\") Florence has already given birth to Oscar and the Larkins have a late-August holiday in Brittany, during which Charlie and Mariette celebrate their first wedding anniversary. The fourth serial (\"\"Christmas is coming\"\") is set at Christmas and it is established Mariette is five months pregnant; she gives birth in the fifth serial (\"\"Oh! to be in England!\"\"), which would be some time in the spring of 1960 at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5349421", "chunk_text": "\"The Nimmo Twins\"\nThe Nimmo Twins The Nimmo Twins are a sketch comedy duo from Norfolk, UK comprising Owen Evans and Karl Minns. Formed in 1996 in Norwich, they first came to national attention after their show \"\"Posh Spice Nude\"\" was a sell-out success at the 1997 Edinburgh Festival. Appearances on BBC One's \"\"Stand Up Show\"\" followed and they became regulars on Radio 4's \"\"Loose Ends\"\" programme with Ned Sherrin. They returned to Edinburgh in 1998 and 1999, selling out in critically acclaimed shows both years. They toured Britain, played Paris, New York and two sell-out years at the Singapore Comedy Festival. Owen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12442952", "chunk_text": "\"The Edison Twins\"\nThe Edison Twins The Edison Twins is a Canadian children's television program which aired on CBC Television from 1982 to 1986. The Disney Channel also picked up the rights in the mid-1980s. Six seasons were produced by Nelvana. It stars Andrew Sabiston and Marnie McPhail as fraternal twins Tom and Annie Edison, Sunny Besen Thrasher as their mischievous little brother Paul, and Milan Cheylov as their bumbling friend Lance Howard. Brian George stars as their police officer friend Sgt. Paganee. The show focused on the adventures of the main cast as they stumbled onto one problem after another, using Tom", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13331911", "chunk_text": "\"The Borden Twins\"\nThe Borden Twins The Borden Twins (born May 29, 1932), Rosalyn Borden and Marilyn Borden, were twin sisters who acted together in numerous television programs from the 1950s until the 1980s. They were best remembered as \"\"Teensy\"\" and \"\"Weensy\"\" in an episode of \"\"I Love Lucy\"\" entitled \"\"Tennessee Bound\"\". They never rose above supporting players, but the duo performed in many venues, including gigs on the nightclub circuit, as well as larger events including the Rose Bowl. The twins also performed at numerous USO shows at home and overseas. The sisters worked with notable performers such as Lucille Ball, Dean", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15373713", "chunk_text": "\"Pam Ferris\"\nplayed motherly Ma Larkin in the ITV series \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\", which ran from 1991 to 1993. She has also acted in a succession of television dramas, including \"\"Meantime\"\", in which she played the Cockney mother of Phil Daniels and Tim Roth, \"\"Connie\"\", \"\"Hardwicke House\"\", \"\"Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit\"\", \"\"Where the Heart Is\"\" and \"\"Paradise Heights\"\". From 2003 to 2006, she played the gardening sleuth, Laura Thyme, in \"\"Rosemary & Thyme\"\". Her roles in costume dramas include parts in television adaptations of \"\"Middlemarch\"\", \"\"The Tenant of Wildfell Hall\"\", \"\"Our Mutual Friend\"\", \"\"The Turn of the Screw\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8591327", "chunk_text": "\"Brewster Twins\"\nBrewster Twins Brewster Twins was the name used by American actresses and dancers Barbara Brewster (1918–2005) and Gloria Brewster (1918–1996) during their movie career in the late 1930s and early 1940s. The twin sisters were born Naomi and Ruth Stevenson respectively in Tucson, Arizona. The Brewster Twins appeared in nine films under contract to 20th Century Fox in the late 1930s and early 1940s, and were called \"\"the Most Beautiful Twins in America\"\". They appeared as \"\"Stuart Morgan Dancers\"\" in \"\"High Kickers\"\" on Broadway in 1941-42, which was Gloria's last work as she married one of her co-stars from the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17154556", "chunk_text": "\"The Cox Twins\"\nThe Cox Twins Francis Thomas \"\"Frank\"\" Cox (4 December 192010 November 2007) and Frederick \"\"Fred\"\" Cox (4 December 192028 September 2013), known as The Cox Twins, were British entertainers in the Music Hall tradition. They were identical twin brothers. Their career began with Steffani's Songsters and they then appeared in the Ralph Reader RAF Gang Shows during World War II, touring Europe and North Africa. Later they went into Variety, performing in summer seasons and pantomime. They married twins sisters, Estelle and Pauline Miles, who became part of their act. In 1972 they appeared as Tweedledum and Tweedledee in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7772473", "chunk_text": "\"Gayle and Gillian Blakeney\"\nhave moved on to launching companies and building brands, with Gillian running a scarf line. Gayle and Gillian Blakeney Gayle and Gillian Blakeney are Australian identical twins who performed together as actresses and as a dance/pop duo in the 1990s. Born in Brisbane on 9 July 1966, Gayle is older by nine minutes. They are most widely known for their stint in the soap opera \"\"Neighbours\"\", as another set of twins Caroline and Christina Alessi. The girls knew from a young age that they wanted to be on television. After begging their mother to take them to singing lessons, she", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "154", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nNicholas Church in the village. The cricket scenes were filmed at Little Chart Cricket Club, a village north east of Pluckley. Further afield, in and around Tenterden, Kent, Halden Place in Halden Lane, Cranbrook, served as Mrs Kinthley's hop garden, Wentwood Cottage in Swain Road served as Charley and Mariette's cottage, and the Kent & East Sussex Railway was the location of Charley's arrival in Kent, and the station used by Ma, Charley and Mariette shopping for her wedding dress. Other scenes shot in Kent included the exteriors of \"\"Bristow's Brewery\"\", filmed at Shepherd Neame Brewery in Faversham, and scenes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12452138", "chunk_text": "\"The Nimmo Twins\"\nas writer. The Nimmo Twins The Nimmo Twins are a sketch comedy duo from Norfolk, UK comprising Owen Evans and Karl Minns. Formed in 1996 in Norwich, they first came to national attention after their show \"\"Posh Spice Nude\"\" was a sell-out success at the 1997 Edinburgh Festival. Appearances on BBC One's \"\"Stand Up Show\"\" followed and they became regulars on Radio 4's \"\"Loose Ends\"\" programme with Ned Sherrin. They returned to Edinburgh in 1998 and 1999, selling out in critically acclaimed shows both years. They toured Britain, played Paris, New York and two sell-out years at the Singapore Comedy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10699630", "chunk_text": "\"Philip Franks\"\n\"\"Hamlet\"\", and Franks insisted on going with them; at age seven, he was hooked for life. Franks is best known for his role as the tax inspector Cedric \"\"Charley\"\" Charlton in the English sitcom \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\", and also as Sgt. Raymond Craddock on \"\"Heartbeat\"\". He has also been a guest star in \"\"Absolutely Fabulous\"\", \"\"Pie in the Sky\"\", \"\"Midsomer Murders\"\", \"\"Foyle's War\"\", \"\"Bleak House\"\", \"\"Martin Chuzzlewit\"\", \"\"The Buddha of Suburbia\"\", \"\"The Green Man\"\" and \"\"To Serve Them All My Days\"\". For the role of his character in Martin Chuzzlewit (Tom Pinch), Franks shaved off all of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3894239", "chunk_text": "\"Kika Mirylees\"\nKika Mirylees Kika Mirylees (born Christina Kika Le Fleming Mirylees) is an English actress. She is best known for her roles as Julie Johnston in Bad Girls, Doc Newton in Red Drawf and Hazel hobbs in Eastenders the Mother of Gary Hobbs and Fliss in Not Going Out. Mirylees played Angela Snow in \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\", and Doc Newton in \"\"Red Dwarf\"\". Her guest roles include Zola Zbzewski in \"\"Jonathan Creek\"\", Sylvana Watson in \"\"Taggart\"\", Maria Huntly in \"\"The Bill\"\", and Barbara Wells in \"\"Casualty\"\". In the 1980s she played Carinna in \"\"Lovejoy\"\". Mirylees is probably best known", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "720985", "chunk_text": "\"Beeswax (film)\"\nBeeswax (film) Beeswax is a 2009 American mumblecore film written and directed by Andrew Bujalski. The film examines a few days in the life of twins, played by real-life sisters Tilly and Maggie Hatcher. It premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival and had a limited theatrical release in the United States on August 7, 2009. The film opened to mixed reviews. Review aggregate Rotten Tomatoes reports that 73% of 45 critics gave the film a positive review, with an average score of 6.7/10. The website reported the critical consensus warned that \"\"Andrew Bujalski's third effort will test the patience", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6046364", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\nof good ratings due to dull weather and the belief that people would be looking for something to lift their spirits following the end of the Gulf War. Jason attributed the series' popularity to the public wanting a more wholesome, inclusive and inoffensive viewing option at a time when violence on television was increasing. This was one of the main reasons he decided to take the role. The series generated an upsurge in sales of H. E. Bates's novels. The series is based on the works of H. E. Bates, who died in 1974. Having moved from the industrialised English", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13225841", "chunk_text": "\"The Darling Buds of May (TV series)\"\npurchased in 2013 by a businessman. Renaming it \"\"Darling Buds Farm\"\", several buildings were converted into guest accommodation themed around the show. Other locations in Pluckley village itself were used extensively; the Black Horse pub in The Street was renamed the Hare and Hounds and used as the Larkins' local. Church Gate Cottage and Fig Tree Cottage in The Street served as Edith Pilchester's and The Brigadier's homes respectively. Pluckley primary school, also in The Street, served as the village hall. The butcher's shop also featured, and the Post Office (dressed as the grocer's). Church scenes were filmed at St", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "720986", "chunk_text": "\"Beeswax (film)\"\nof some filmgoers\"\", but lauded the film as \"\"a warm, funny, and honest introduction to the mumblecore movement\"\". Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the film a weighted average score of 70 (out of 100) based on 14 reviews from mainstream critics, considered to be \"\"generally favorable reviews.\"\" \"\"Beeswax\"\" was released on DVD by The Cinema Guild on April 6, 2010. Beeswax (film) Beeswax is a 2009 American mumblecore film written and directed by Andrew Bujalski. The film examines a few days in the life of twins, played by real-life sisters Tilly and Maggie Hatcher. It premiered at the Berlin International Film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15687125", "chunk_text": "\"Kessler Twins\"\nKessler Twins Alice and Ellen Kessler (born 20 August 1936 in Nerchau, Germany) are popular twins in Europe, especially Germany and Italy, from the 1950s and 1960s and until today for their singing, dancing, and acting. They are usually credited as the Kessler Twins (Die Kessler-Zwillinge in Germany and Le Gemelle Kessler in Italy), and remain popular today. In the US, they were not as popular but appeared in the 1963 film \"\"Sodom and Gomorrah\"\" as dancers and appeared on the cover of Life Magazine in that year. Their parents, Paul and Elsa, sent them to ballet classes at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3377	when did the first marvel vs capcom come out?	n/a	[ "1998", "in 1996", "1996" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14418926", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\nvs. Street Fighter\"\". The game debuted in Japanese arcades in 1996, establishing the series' fast-paced, tag team-based gameplay style. \"\"Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter\"\" was then released in 1997, which replaced most of the \"\"X-Men\"\" cast with other heroes from the Marvel Universe and introduced the character assist mechanic. \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes\"\" later followed in 1998, exchanging the majority of the \"\"Street Fighter\"\" cast with characters from other Capcom video games series, such as \"\"Mega Man\"\" and \"\"Darkstalkers\"\". In 1999, Capcom announced the development of yet another sequel, called \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16567165", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes\"\nparticularly in larger character sprites. \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes\"\" debuted in Japanese and North American arcades in 1998. The game was released on the Dreamcast on March 25, 1999 in Japan, and October 7, 1999 in North America. A European version for the Dreamcast, published by Virgin Interactive, was released on June 23, 2000. The game was ported to the PlayStation on November 11, 1999 in Japan, where it was renamed \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes EX Edition\"\". North America and Europe received the PlayStation version later in January 2000. A high-definition version of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14418924", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\nname. Capcom then created their first Marvel-licensed fighting game, \"\"X-Men: Children of the Atom\"\", in 1994. \"\"Marvel Super Heroes\"\" soon followed in 1995. Many of the gameplay mechanics used in the \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\" series were first developed and refined in these two fighting games, serving as precursors to the series. In 2011, then-current Capcom USA Strategic Marketing Director of Online and Community Seth Killian stated that many fighting game aficionados, including himself, consider them to have laid the foundation for the series. The idea for implementing tag teams was allegedly inspired by an easter egg from Capcom's own 1995", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17830614", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\nAlvin Lee, and digitally-painted by Udon's Genzoman. A standard-format softcover was released in November 2012 by Diamond Comics. The basic gameplay of the \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\" series was originally derived from \"\"X-Men: Children of the Atom\"\" and \"\"Marvel Super Heroes\"\". Players compete in battle using characters with unique moves and special attacks. Using a combination of joystick movements and button presses, players must execute various moves to damage their opponent and deplete their life gauge, or alternatively, have the most cumulative health when the timer runs out. However, unlike the two aforementioned games, which focus on single combat, the \"\"Marvel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5311489", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Infinite\"\nCapcom 3\"\", \"\"\"\" and \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom Origins\"\" being removed from the Xbox Live Arcade and PlayStation Network in 2013. However, in May 2016, Disney announced its decision to discontinue self-publishing efforts and switch over to a licensing-only model, allowing third-party game developers, including Capcom, to negotiate licenses with Marvel once again. On December 3, 2016, \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Infinite\"\" was officially unveiled during Sony's PlayStation Experience event; its first gameplay footage debuted on the same day following the conclusion of Capcom Cup 2016. Norio Hirose, a programmer who had previously worked on \"\"X-Men vs. Street Fighter\"\", \"\"Marvel Super Heroes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17360135", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom Origins\"\n2012. The game was developed by Iron Galaxy Studios, who had previously worked with Capcom on \"\"\"\". A playable demo of the game was present during the Evolution Championship Series from July 6–8, 2012, and San Diego Comic-Con International from July 12–15, 2012. According to Producer Derek Neal, Iron Galaxy Studios used the original arcade ROMs from \"\"Marvel Super Heroes\"\" and \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes\"\" to create the game. The balance of the characters was deliberately left unchanged in order to remain faithful to the arcade versions. \"\"Origins\"\" was built upon a similar framework to \"\"Street Fighter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16567166", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes\"\ngame was released, alongside \"\"Marvel Super Heroes\"\", as part of the \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom Origins\"\" collection. Built using the arcade ROM, the compilation sought to maintain the original's gameplay experience, while adding new features such as online multiplayer, challenges, and replay saving. It was released through the PlayStation Network on September 25, 2012 in North America and October 10, 2012 in Europe. The Xbox Live Arcade version was released worldwide on September 26, 2012. Following the apparent expiration of Capcom's licensing contracts with Marvel Comics in 2013, \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom Origins\"\" was removed from online stores in December 2014. Toy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18996440", "chunk_text": "\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\nArcade and the PlayStation Network in 2013. However, in 2016, Disney decided to cancel its \"\"Disney Infinity\"\" series, discontinue self-publishing efforts, and switch to a licensing-only model, allowing them to license their characters to third-party game developers, including Capcom. On December 3, 2016, \"\"\"\" was officially unveiled during Sony's PlayStation Experience event. The game was released on September 19, 2017 for PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Microsoft Windows. Notes Footnotes Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3 In \"\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\", players select a team of three characters to engage in combat and attempt to knock out their opponents. As", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13420260", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter\"\nAgent\"\" and \"\"Mephisto\"\", respectively. As with \"\"X-Men vs. Street Fighter\"\", \"\"Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter\"\" was initially developed for the CP System II arcade system board. The game debuted in Japanese and North American arcades in 1997. The game received a port to the Sega Saturn, exclusive to Japan, on October 22, 1998. The Sega Saturn port supported the 4MB RAM expansion peripheral, allowing the developers to create a conversion which retained the original frame rates and tag team system. The game was then ported to the PlayStation in February 1999. Due to the console's limited RAM capacity, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5806938", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\nexception of Abyss from \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2\"\". Characters that have not been playable frequently make cameo appearances in the games' cutscenes and stage backgrounds. Lastly, numerous non-playable Marvel and Capcom characters are featured as \"\"Ability Cards\"\" in the Heroes and Heralds game mode in \"\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\". Out of all the playable characters, Ryu and Chun-Li are the only ones to have appeared in every game released thus far. Capcom's partnership with Marvel Comics began in 1993 with the release of \"\"The Punisher\"\", an arcade beat 'em up based on the comic book series of the same", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17360137", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom Origins\"\nalongside its Xbox 360 counterpart; however, an unspecified error delayed its release until October 10, 2012. Following the expiration of their licensing contracts with Marvel Comics, Capcom announced in an employee blog, released on December 15, 2014, that \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom Origins\"\" would be delisted from online stores. The game was available on the PlayStation Network for the United States and Europe up until December 23, 2014, and on Xbox Live Arcade globally until December 31, 2014. Its removal came shortly after the recent sweep of digital Marvel-related titles during late 2013, including \"\"\"\", \"\"\"\", and \"\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5311473", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Infinite\"\nMarvel vs. Capcom: Infinite \"\"Infinite\"\" was announced during Sony's PlayStation Experience event in December 2016. Capcom initially lost the use of the Marvel license in 2012, after The Walt Disney Company decided to focus on self-publishing its own gaming titles; however, Capcom was able to reacquire the license after Disney dissolved its console publishing division. \"\"Infinite\"\" was designed to be more accessible than previous \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\" games, resulting in several changes to the series' traditional mechanics. The game also features a larger emphasis on storytelling, with the series' first cinematic story mode. The plot follows the heroes of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17360131", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom Origins\"\nMarvel vs. Capcom Origins Marvel vs. Capcom Origins is a crossover fighting video game developed by Iron Galaxy Studios and published by Capcom. It is a compilation of \"\"Marvel Super Heroes\"\" and \"\"\"\". The dual pack was released through the PlayStation Network and Xbox Live Arcade in September and October 2012, respectively. The game, which was developed using \"\"Marvel Super Heroes\"\" and \"\"Clash of Super Heroes\"\" arcade ROMs, aimed to maintain the integrity of their original releases. As such, no changes were made to gameplay mechanics or character balance. \"\"Origins\"\" introduces high-definition visuals with multiple options for filters and viewing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17993171", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes\"\n19, 2002 in Japan, November 19 in North America, and November 29 in Europe. The Xbox version launched alongside its PlayStation 2 counterpart in Japan on September 19, 2002, which later received a North American release on March 30, 2003. It was then released internationally through the Xbox Live Arcade on July 29, 2009, and the PlayStation Network on August 13. Lastly, the game became available for iOS devices on April 25, 2012. On December 15, 2013, Capcom announced that \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2\"\" would be removed from the Xbox Live Arcade and PlayStation Network stores towards the end of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10225848", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes\"\nsprites from Capcom's previous Marvel-licensed fighting games. Following its release in Japanese arcades in 2000, the game received ports to the Dreamcast, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Xbox, Xbox 360, and iOS devices over the course of twelve years. Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes Players select a team of characters from the Marvel and Capcom universes to engage in combat and attempt to knock out their opponents. In contrast to the series previous entry, \"\"Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter\"\", the game features characters from numerous Capcom video game franchises, rather than strictly \"\"Street Fighter\"\" characters. While the gameplay", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14418928", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\nnext installment in the \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\" series, \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds\"\", in 2010. The game was eventually released in 2011. An updated version of \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\", titled \"\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\", was released later in the same year. The high-definition compilation game \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom Origins\"\" was then released in 2012. Following the release of \"\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\" for the PlayStation Vita in 2012, Marvel's new parent company, The Walt Disney Company, which acquired Marvel in 2009, chose not to renew Capcom's license with the Marvel characters, instead opting to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9449810", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds\"\nwith the characters' image. \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds\"\" was released on February 15, 2011 in North America, February 17 in Japan, and February 18 in Europe for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. A special edition of the game included a steelbook case, a twelve-page prologue comic written by Frank Tieri, a one-month subscription to Marvel Digital Comics, and codes redeemable for free downloads of the Jill Valentine and Shuma-Gorath downloadable content. DLC costumes for characters were later announced by Capcom and Marvel, which were released on the PlayStation Network and Xbox Live Marketplace on March", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18996439", "chunk_text": "\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\n600,000 units worldwide for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 during the first two months of its release. As of March 2015, the game sold 1.2 million units across its various platforms. Following the release of \"\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\" for the PlayStation Vita in 2012, Marvel's new parent company, The Walt Disney Company, which acquired Marvel in 2009, chose not to renew Capcom's license with the Marvel characters, instead opting to put them in its own self-published \"\"Disney Infinity\"\" series. As a result, Capcom had to pull both \"\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\" and \"\"\"\" off Xbox Live", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17993170", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes\"\na choice between the standard six-button layout, or a compact four-button control scheme with \"\"flick controls\"\". While the game does not support online play, a Versus Mode option is available over Bluetooth. \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes\"\" debuted in Japanese arcades on the Sega NAOMI arcade platform in early 2000. The game was soon released on the Dreamcast in Japan on March 30, 2000, and North America on June 29; the European version, which was released on July 16, 2000, was published by Virgin Interactive. \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2\"\" was ported to the PlayStation 2 on September", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2030059", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\nput them in its own self-published \"\"Disney Infinity\"\" series. As a result, Capcom had to pull both \"\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\" and \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2\"\" off their online platforms in 2013. However, in 2016, Disney announced its decision to cancel the \"\"Disney Infinity\"\" series, discontinue self-publishing efforts, and switch to a licensing-only model, allowing them to license their characters to third-party game developers, including Capcom. \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Infinite\"\" was revealed in December 2016, and then released in September 2017. The \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\" series has received reviews ranging from average to positive from critics. According to Capcom", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9449818", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds\"\nFirebrand, Frank West, Nemesis T-Type, Phoenix Wright, and Vergil. Following the release of \"\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\" for the PlayStation Vita in 2012, Marvel's new parent company, The Walt Disney Company, which acquired Marvel in 2009, chose not to renew Capcom's license with the Marvel characters, instead opting to put them in its own self-published \"\"Disney Infinity\"\" series. As a result, Capcom had to pull both \"\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\" and \"\"\"\" off Xbox Live Arcade and the PlayStation Network in 2013. However, in 2016, Disney decided to cancel its \"\"Disney Infinity\"\" series, discontinue self-publishing efforts, and switch", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1443397", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes\"\nfor its visuals, gameplay, and translation of the original arcade experience. Due to the PlayStation's limited RAM capacity, Capcom removed tag team battles in an attempt to preserve the game's speed and graphical integrity. Consequently, the PlayStation port received positive reviews, just not as much as the Dreamcast version. A sequel to \"\"Clash of Super Heroes\"\", \"\"\"\", was released in 2000. \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes\"\" is the third entry in the \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\" series of 2D fighting games. The game utilizes similar tag team-based game mechanics to its predecessor, \"\"Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter\"\". Before", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3697343", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\nvs. Capcom\"\" series has received generally positive reviews from critics, who have praised its fast-paced gameplay, animated visuals, and wealth of playable characters. On the other hand, the games have been criticized for their lack of content, especially more recent installments. The series has enjoyed broad appeal, especially in markets outside of Japan, selling approximately 8.8 million units as of June 2018. In 2011, a series of Minimates based on the playable characters from \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds\"\" were released by Art Asylum. On July 2, 2012, Udon Entertainment announced the release of \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5806940", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\nfighting game \"\"\"\". In a secret \"\"Dramatic Battle\"\" mode, two players, controlling Ryu and Ken, were able to fight against an AI-controlled M. Bison at the same time. The easter egg itself had drawn inspiration from the final battle sequence from \"\"\"\", which featured a similar fight scene. Recognizing the uniqueness of a team-up concept, Capcom began to work on their next project. After their earlier licensing ventures with \"\"Children of the Atom\"\" and \"\"Marvel Super Heroes\"\", the company decided to combine Marvel's \"\"X-Men\"\" franchise, their own \"\"Street Fighter\"\" franchise, and their team-up concept, leading to the creation of \"\"X-Men", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5311474", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Infinite\"\nMarvel and Capcom universes, who must work together to save their merged worlds against a new threat, Ultron Sigma. \"\"Infinite\"\" was released in September 2017 for PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Microsoft Windows. The game received mixed reviews; critics praised its new gameplay elements, but criticized its presentation, particularly its art direction, and character roster. The game also underperformed commercially. Capcom originally expected the game to sell two million units; however, it missed its sales target, selling approximately one million copies by the end of December 2017. Like its predecessors, \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Infinite\"\" is a 2D fighting game in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9449819", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds\"\nto a licensing-only model, allowing them to license their characters to third-party game developers, including Capcom. On December 3, 2016, \"\"\"\" was officially unveiled during Sony's PlayStation Experience event. The game was released on September 19, 2017 for PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Microsoft Windows. Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds In \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\", players select a team of three characters to engage in combat and attempt to knock out their opponents. It features similar tag team game mechanics to earlier games in the series, along with new methods of play designed to make the game", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20426399", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes\"\n360 and PlayStation 3 ports, all fighters are initially unlocked. On December 1, 1999, Capcom announced that a sequel to \"\"\"\", titled \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes\"\", was in development. It was developed for the Sega NAOMI arcade board and the Dreamcast, Capcom's first attempt at a fighting game outside of the CP System II and III hardware systems. The game was the first in the \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\" series to combine hand-drawn two-dimensional sprites upon three-dimensional backgrounds. The Japanese home and arcade versions of the game were revealed to be compatible with the Dreamcast VMU. Players", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18391667", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes\"\nit. A sequel to \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes\"\" was announced by Capcom on December 1, 1999. The game, titled \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes\"\", was initially developed for the Sega NAOMI arcade board, marking Capcom's first attempt at a fighting game outside of the CP System II and III hardware systems. It features several significant gameplay changes from \"\"Clash of Super Heroes\"\", such as three-on-three tag team battles, a new character assist system, and a more simplified control scheme. \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2\"\" also includes a roster of 56 playable fighters, drawing numerous character", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3697342", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\nMarvel vs. Capcom Its gameplay borrows heavily from Capcom's previous Marvel-licensed fighting games \"\"\"\" and \"\"Marvel Super Heroes\"\"; however, instead of focusing on single combat, the games incorporated tag team battles. Players form teams of two or three characters and, controlling one fighter at a time, attempt to damage and knock out their opponents. Players can switch out their characters during the match, allowing team members to replenish their health and prolong their ability to fight. The series' gameplay is also distinguished from other fighting game franchises due to its character assist mechanics and emphasis on aerial combat. The \"\"Marvel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10226869", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes\"\nsold 1.4 million units before their removal on December 15, 2013. Following the release of \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes\"\", Capcom was unable to retain the Marvel Comics license due to legal issues over copyright, placing the series on indefinite hiatus. However, on April 20, 2010, ten years after the game's original debut, Capcom announced the development of a sequel: \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds\"\". Production of \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\" was headed by Ryota Niitsuma, who had previously worked with Capcom on \"\"\"\". While it utilizes largely similar game mechanics to \"\"Marvel vs.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14418930", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\nPresident and COO Haruhiro Tsujimoto, the games have enjoyed broad appeal, especially in markets outside of Japan. As of June 2018, approximately 8.8 million units of the series have been sold, making it Capcom's seventh best-selling franchise. The series' first three titles, \"\"X-Men vs. Street Fighter\"\", \"\"Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter\"\", and \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes\"\", received praise for their frantic gameplay style, visual flair, playable character rosters, and the quality of their sprite animations. The games' Dreamcast and Sega Saturn ports were also lauded for their technical performance, matching the capabilities of the arcade versions.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20426416", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes\"\nOver the years since its release, \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2\"\" has repeatedly been included by various critics into their lists of the best fighting games ever, including ScrewAttack at GameTrailers in 2007, where it placed second, and Virgin Media in 2009, where it placed third. It was declared the best 2D fighting game by \"\"Complex\"\" in 2011 and 2013. In 2013, the game was also named as the most iconic Marvel video game by Nerdist. In 2010, \"\"GamePro\"\" also chose it as the 33rd best PS2 game of all time. The PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 versions of the game", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17360140", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom Origins\"\nvisual presentation and accurate reproduction of the coin-operated originals, while criticizing clunky mechanics. \"\"Official PlayStation Magazine Australia\"\" labeled \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom Origins\"\" \"\"a bland and unexciting update of a couple of classics that have long been superseded,\"\" rating the game 5/10. Marvel vs. Capcom Origins Marvel vs. Capcom Origins is a crossover fighting video game developed by Iron Galaxy Studios and published by Capcom. It is a compilation of \"\"Marvel Super Heroes\"\" and \"\"\"\". The dual pack was released through the PlayStation Network and Xbox Live Arcade in September and October 2012, respectively. The game, which was developed using \"\"Marvel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1467180", "chunk_text": "\"Fighting game community\"\nFighting game community The fighting game community is a collective of video gamers who play fighting games such as \"\"Street Fighter\"\", \"\"Tekken\"\", \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\" and \"\"Soulcalibur\"\". The fighting game community started out small in the late 1990s and throughout the 2000s referred to as the grassroots era, but it has grown to a larger scale in the 2010s, with many tournaments being held across the world. This is predominately due to the rise of eSports and digitized viewing habits on live streaming sites such as Twitch.tv. The game \"\"\"\" was a huge success when it was released in 1991", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11598190", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter\"\ncharacter roster. The Sega Saturn version, utilizing the 4 MB RAM expansion cartridge, was praised for being an arcade-perfect conversion. Due to the memory limitations of the PlayStation, tag team battles were, once again, removed from its port, resulting in more mixed critical reception. A sequel, \"\"\"\", was released in 1998. \"\"Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter\"\" is the second installment in the \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\" series of 2D fighting games. It utilizes the same one-on-one tag team format previously employed in \"\"X-Men vs. Street Fighter\"\". The player chooses a team of two fighters, each sporting their own life gauge;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14418927", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\nof Heroes\"\". \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2\"\" heavily re-used assets from previous Capcom-developed games, including \"\"Street Fighter Alpha\"\", \"\"Darkstalkers\"\", and the earlier \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\" titles, resulting in a large roster of 56 playable characters. Shortly after the release of the PlayStation 2 and Xbox ports for \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2\"\", Capcom lost the use of the Marvel license, putting the series on an indefinite hiatus. However, with the resurgence of the fighting game genre in 2008, owing to the success of \"\"Street Fighter IV\"\", Marvel requested Capcom to collaborate with them once again. Capcom would announce the development of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19129849", "chunk_text": "\"Street Fighter\"\na two-on-two tag team-based system. It was followed by \"\"Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter\"\" in 1997, which expanded the roster to include characters from \"\"Marvel Super Heroes\"\"; \"\"\"\" in 1998, which featured not only \"\"Street Fighter\"\" characters, but also characters from other Capcom properties; and \"\"\"\" in 2000, which was produced from the Dreamcast-based NAOMI hardware. Capcom also produced a series of similar crossover fighting games with rival fighting game developer SNK Playmore. The games, produced by Capcom, include \"\"\"\" in 2000, which features characters primarily from the \"\"Street Fighter\"\" and \"\"King of Fighters\"\" series. It was followed by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5311498", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Infinite\"\n\"\"Street Fighter V\"\"s \"\"Fight Money\"\". \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Infinite\"\" was released for the PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Microsoft Windows, on September 19, 2017, in North America and Europe, and September 21, 2017, in Japan. The game was available in three editions: a standard edition, a \"\"Deluxe Edition\"\", and a \"\"Collector's Edition\"\". Pre-orders for the standard edition include the Evil Ryu and Warrior Thor alternate in-game costumes. Pre-orders for the \"\"Deluxe Edition\"\" include the Evil Ryu, Warrior Thor, Gladiator Hulk and alternate costumes, in addition to the \"\"2017 Character Pass\"\". The \"\"Collector's Edition\"\", which includes the \"\"Deluxe Edition\"\" and its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14189727", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter\"\nother Capcom video game franchises, such as \"\"Darkstalkers\"\" and \"\"Mega Man\"\". While its gameplay remains similar, \"\"Clash of Super Heroes\"\" removes the \"\"Variable Assist\"\" feature in favor of a new system. It was ported to the Dreamcast and PlayStation in 1999 and 2000 respectively. A high-definition version of the game was also released in 2012 for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 as part of the \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom Origins\"\" compilation. Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter The gameplay and aesthetics of \"\"Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter\"\" remain similar to \"\"X-Men vs. Street Fighter\"\". Each player selects two characters", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16804995", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\nOfficial Complete Works\"\", an art book consisting of promotional artwork, sketches and bonus material from the video game collaborations between Marvel and Capcom, beginning with the 1993 arcade game \"\"The Punisher\"\" to \"\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\". The book contains contributions from a variety of artists and illustrators, including Akiman, Bengus, Shinkiro, Joe Madureira, Adi Granov, Joe Ng, Long Vo, Chamba, Adam Warren and Takeshi Miyazawa. \"\"Official Complete Works\"\" made its international debut at San Diego Comic-Con on July 11, 2012, in an exclusive hardcover edition. The hardcover also featured a wrap-around cover designed by Udon Entertainment and Capcom artist", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9449796", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds\"\ncomponent and lack of features and game modes. More than 2 million units were shipped worldwide a month after its debut, rendering it a commercial success. Less than a year after its release, Capcom announced an updated version of the game, titled \"\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\". The standalone update was released in November 2011, and featured additional characters, stages, and gameplay tweaks. A proper sequel, titled \"\"\"\", was released in September 2017. \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds\"\" is a fighting game in which players compete in battle using characters with different fighting styles and special attacks.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17360136", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom Origins\"\nIII: 3rd Strike Online Edition\"\", which had also included online play using GGPO, upgraded graphics, visual filters, and dynamic challenges. During an interview at San Diego Comic-Con, Neal stated that Capcom had made several improvements to the online capabilities of their games since the release of \"\"3rd Strike Online Edition\"\" in 2011 after taking fan feedback into consideration, focusing on the new options to filter matches by ping and region of play. \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom Origins\"\" was released in North America and Europe on September 25 and 26, 2012. The European PlayStation 3 version was originally scheduled to be released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20426404", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes\"\n2004. Following the commercial and critical success of \"\"Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix\"\" in 2008, Capcom stated its intentions to continue making high-definition remakes of its past games. When asked specifically about \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2\"\", Capcom's vice president of business development and strategic planning, Christian Svensson, indicated that the game was their most requested title by fans. On April 27, 2009, Marvel and Capcom jointly announced that \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2\"\" would be coming to the Xbox 360 through the Xbox Live Arcade and PlayStation 3 through the PlayStation Store. A demo was released on April 30", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9449806", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds\"\nand Arcade Mode endings. \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds\"\" is the fifth installment in the \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\" series. The game was first publicly announced at Capcom's Captivate press show in Hawaii on April 20, 2010. It was revealed to have been in development since 2008, when Capcom reacquired the Marvel license after a period of legal issues placed the series on hiatus for nearly a decade. Ryota Niitsuma, who had previously headed production on \"\"\"\", signed on as the producer for the new project, which was green-lit after \"\"years and years of unrelenting fan demand\"\". Niitsuma", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5806936", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\nSimple Mode. Simple Mode, designed for casual players, allows players to perform special moves and Hyper Combos with single button presses at the expense of limiting a character's available moveset. \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom\"\" has featured over 100 playable fighters, primarily drawn from comic book series published by Marvel Comics and video games franchises developed and produced by Capcom. The games have introduced a few original characters, which include Norimaro from \"\"Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter\"\", and Amingo, Ruby Heart, and SonSon from \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes\"\". In addition to the playable cast, other characters from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5311499", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Infinite\"\npre-order incentives, features four character dioramas of Iron Man, Captain Marvel, Mega Man X and Chun-Li by TriForce, and a case filled with six LED-powered Infinity Stone replicas. The Major Carol Danvers alternate costume was also packaged exclusively with the PlayStation 4 version. A story mode demo was released on June 12, 2017, following Sony's press conference at the Electronic Entertainment Expo. On February 27, 2018, \"\"Infinite\"\" was listed on the Microsoft Store as an Xbox Play Anywhere title. To coincide with the game's release, Capcom announced their first global tournament series for \"\"Infinite\"\" called \"\"Battle for the Stones\"\". In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6656495", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes\"\nshares the same moves as Mega Man. \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes\"\" was originally developed for the CP System II arcade system board. A direct Dreamcast port was revealed by the Computer Entertainment Software Association at the 1998 Tokyo Game Show. The Dreamcast version added the new game mode, Cross Fever, which permitted four-player gameplay. The game later received a PlayStation port. However, the console's RAM limitations required the developer to remove certain features, most notably the game's tag team element; thus, most game modes were restricted to two-character battles, instead of four. This reduced the player's secondary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4031016", "chunk_text": "Capcom\ndesire to protect its intellectual property with a hard outer shell, preventing illegal copies and inferior imitations. While Capcom's first product was the coin-operated \"\"Little League\"\" from July 1983, its first real video game, the arcade title \"\"Vulgus\"\", was released in May 1984. Beginning with a Nintendo Entertainment System port of \"\"1942\"\" published in December 1985, the company started to venture into the market of home console video games, which became its main business segment a few years later. Its division Capcom USA had a brief stint in the late 1980s as a video game publisher for the Commodore 64", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18996430", "chunk_text": "\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\ninto the cast. For example, Capcom wanted a monster-like character that could fight while in the air, leading to the inclusion of Firebrand. \"\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\" was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 on November 15, 2011 in North America, November 17 in Japan, and November 18 in Europe. The PlayStation Vita version was released on December 17, 2011 in Japan, and February 22, 2012 in North America and Europe. People who ordered the PlayStation Vita \"\"First Edition\"\" bundle in North America were able to receive an early copy of \"\"Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3\"\" on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14189726", "chunk_text": "\"Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter\"\napart, resulting in a game that was \"\"nothing truly special or different\"\". Ryan MacDonald of GameSpot expressed disappointment over the port's lower graphical quality and cut animation frames. \"\"Game Informer\"\" also complained about experiencing instances of slowdown. However, despite the criticisms, reviewers claimed the game as an improvement over the critically panned PlayStation port of \"\"X-Men vs. Street Fighter\"\". A sequel to \"\"Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter\"\", titled \"\"Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes\"\", was released for arcades in Japan and North America in 1998. The game expands its character roster beyond the \"\"Street Fighter\"\" series to include", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3378	what flag is red and has a gold star?	n/a	[ "flag of Vietnam", "Vietnam", "The flag of Vietnam" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9826309", "chunk_text": "\"Red star\"\nmost well-known include the current state flag of California (echoing the Californian red star flag of 1836) and the flag of New Zealand (designed in 1869, officially adopted in 1902). The flag of the District of Columbia (designed in 1921, adopted in 1938) recalls George Washington's coat of arms. The crescent moon and star was a symbol used by the Ottoman Empire. Various states with Ottoman history have thus adopted this symbol into their present-day flags. The red star was adopted as the symbol of the International Red Star Alliance, a Geneva international treaty signed in 1914 with the purpose", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9826304", "chunk_text": "\"Red star\"\non a red field. The flag of Vietnam also has a yellow star on a red field. North Korea's Red Star operating system takes its name from the communist red star. Socialist countries in Africa also incorporated the red and/or gold star into their heraldry. This practice was also adopted by countries that were formed following decolonial national liberation struggles, which often involved Marxist organizations. Transnistria and the Luhansk People's Republic are proto-states located in Eastern Europe. Due to their historical association with the Soviet Union, they have adopted socialist imagery including the red star into their flags and heraldry.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17717343", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of China\"\nFlag of China The flag of China, also known as the Five-starred Red Flag, is a red field charged in the canton (upper corner nearest the flagpole) with five golden stars. The design features one large star, with four smaller stars in a semicircle set off towards the fly (the side farthest from the flag pole). The red represents the communist revolution; the five stars and their relationship represent the unity of the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC). The first flag was hoisted by the People's Liberation Army (PLA) on a pole overlooking", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13710229", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of Vietnam\"\nNearby Milpitas also banned the flag from municipal display on September 5, 2017. Flag of Vietnam The flag of Vietnam, or \"\"red flag with a gold star\"\" (), was designed in 1940 and used during an uprising against French rule in southern Vietnam that year . Red symbolizes the goals of social revolution behind the Vietnamese, national uprising. The star represents the five main classes in Vietnamese society—intellectuals, farmers, workers, businesspeople and military personnel. The flag was used by the Viet Minh, a communist-led organization created in 1941 to oppose Japanese occupation. At the end of World War II, Viet", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10801942", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of Vietnam\"\nFlag of Vietnam The flag of Vietnam, or \"\"red flag with a gold star\"\" (), was designed in 1940 and used during an uprising against French rule in southern Vietnam that year . Red symbolizes the goals of social revolution behind the Vietnamese, national uprising. The star represents the five main classes in Vietnamese society—intellectuals, farmers, workers, businesspeople and military personnel. The flag was used by the Viet Minh, a communist-led organization created in 1941 to oppose Japanese occupation. At the end of World War II, Viet Minh leader Ho Chi Minh proclaimed Vietnam independent and signed a decree on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19950814", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of China\"\nof the customs vessel. Flag of China The flag of China, also known as the Five-starred Red Flag, is a red field charged in the canton (upper corner nearest the flagpole) with five golden stars. The design features one large star, with four smaller stars in a semicircle set off towards the fly (the side farthest from the flag pole). The red represents the communist revolution; the five stars and their relationship represent the unity of the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC). The first flag was hoisted by the People's Liberation Army (PLA)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11076796", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the United States\"\nFlag of the United States The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"\"union\"\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows, where rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternate with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9826303", "chunk_text": "\"Red star\"\nthe red star was not only a communist symbol, but also as a more generic symbol of resistance against Fascism and Nazi occupation of Yugoslavia, as well as its associated ethnic policies. Tito's partisans wore the red star as an identification symbol. As communist movements spread across Asia, while some states kept the star as it was, others used a yellow star, often on a red field, with the same symbolism. The Far Eastern Republic of 1920 to 1922 used a yellow star on its military uniforms, and the flag of the People's Republic of China has five yellow stars", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10874368", "chunk_text": "\"Service flag\"\nas Gold Star Mother's and Family's Day. All fifty U.S. states and Guam offer some form of a specialty license plate for motor vehicles owned by members of Gold Star families. Service flag A service flag or service banner is a banner that family members of those serving in the United States Armed Forces can display. The flag or banner is officially defined as a white field with a red border, with a blue star for each family member serving in the Armed Forces of the United States during any period of war or hostilities. A gold star (with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16415012", "chunk_text": "\"Service flag\"\nService flag A service flag or service banner is a banner that family members of those serving in the United States Armed Forces can display. The flag or banner is officially defined as a white field with a red border, with a blue star for each family member serving in the Armed Forces of the United States during any period of war or hostilities. A gold star (with a blue edge) represents a family member that died during Military Operations. This includes those who lost their lives during World War I, World War II, or during any subsequent period of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9826302", "chunk_text": "\"Red star\"\na symbol for communism around the world. Several Communist states subsequently adopted the red star symbol, often placing it on their respective flags and coats of arms - for example on the flag of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Separatist and socialist movements also sometimes adopted the red star, as on the Estelada flag in the Catalan countries. The red star was a common element of the flags and heraldry of socialist states in the Eastern Bloc, appearing on heraldry for virtually all of the countries, and on the flags of Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, and Albania. In former Yugoslavia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8688550", "chunk_text": "\"Red flag (politics)\"\nHaymarket Eight were arrested and five were executed. This event, considered the beginning of the international labor movement, is still commemorated annually in many countries (although not in the U.S.) The red flag gained great popularity during the Russian Revolution of 1917. The Soviet flag, with a hammer, a sickle and a star on a red background, was adopted in 1923. Various Communist and socialist newspapers have used the name \"\"The Red Flag.\"\" In China, both the Nationalist Party-led Republic of China and the Communist Party-led People's Republic of China use a red field for their flags, a reference to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9744335", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of Russia\"\nFlag of Russia The flag of Russia () is a tricolor flag consisting of three equal horizontal fields: white on the top, blue in the middle, and red on the bottom. The flag was first used as an ensign for Russian merchant ships and became official as the flag of the Tsardom of Russia in 1696. It remained in use until the establishment of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (RSFSR) in 1917. During the Soviet Union's existence, it used a flag with a red field with a golden hammer and sickle and a golden bordered red star on top.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9305189", "chunk_text": "\"Flags of the Soviet Republics\"\nFlags of the Soviet Republics The Flags of the Soviet Socialist Republics were all defaced versions of the flag of the Soviet Union, which featured a golden hammer and sickle, (the only exception being the Georgian SSR, which used a red hammer and sickle), and a gold-bordered red star on a red field. When Byelorussia and Ukraine were the founding members of the United Nations in 1945, all of their flags were red with only small markings in upper left corners and needed distinct flags for each other. In February 1947, with UN pressure, the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9364148", "chunk_text": "Red\nformer colonies of Spain, such as Mexico, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico and Venezuela, also feature red-one of the colors of the Spanish flag-on their own banners. Red flags are also used to symbolize storms, bad water conditions, and many other dangers. Navy flags are often red and yellow. Red is prominently featured in the flag of the United States Marine Corps. The red on the flag of Nepal represents the floral emblem of the country, the rhododendron. Red, blue, and white are also the Pan-Slavic colors adopted by the Slavic solidarity movement of the late", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3492991", "chunk_text": "Red\ncoffin. With the victory of the Bolsheviks in the Russian Revolution of 1917, the red flag, with a hammer to symbolize the workers and sickle to symbolize peasants, became the official flag of Russia, and, in 1923, of the Soviet Union. It remained so until the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. After the Communist Party of China took power in 1949, the flag of China became a red flag with a large star symbolizing the Communist Party, and smaller stars symbolizing workers, peasants, the urban middle class and rural middle class. The flag of the Communist Party of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14998557", "chunk_text": "\"Red flag (politics)\"\nRed flag (politics) In politics, a red flag is predominantly a symbol of socialism, communism, Marxism, trade unions, left-wing politics, and historically of anarchism; it has been associated with left-wing politics since the French Revolution (1789–99). Socialists adopted the symbol during the Revolutions of 1848 and it became a symbol of communism as a result of its use by the Paris Commune of 1871. The flags of several communist states, including China, Vietnam and the Soviet Union, are explicitly based on the original red flag. The red flag is also used as a symbol by some democratic socialists and social", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9826306", "chunk_text": "\"Red star\"\nthe flag of Chicago and not the communist logo). The American soccer clubs Sacramento Republic FC and D.C. United also use red stars in their logos, referencing the flags of California and the District of Columbia, respectively. The Brazilian leftist Worker's Party uses a red star as its symbol with the party acronym () inside. Hugo Chávez and his supporters in Venezuela have used the red star in numerous symbols and logos, and have proposed including it in the logo of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV). It was also used throughout 2007 as a symbol of the \"\"5", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15259696", "chunk_text": "\"Red star\"\nresistance against fascism and Nazism. On March 21, 2011, Slovenia issued a two-euro commemorative coin to mark the 100th anniversary of the birth of Franc Rozman, a partizan commander, featuring a large star that represented a red star. Emblems and flags where the red stars displayed are not five-pointed are much rarer. Among these the following deserve mention. Red star A red star, five-pointed and filled (★), is an important symbol often associated with communist ideology, particularly in combination with hammer and sickle. It has been widely used in flags, state emblems, monuments, ornaments, and logos. Red Star is also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9826294", "chunk_text": "\"Red star\"\nRed star A red star, five-pointed and filled (★), is an important symbol often associated with communist ideology, particularly in combination with hammer and sickle. It has been widely used in flags, state emblems, monuments, ornaments, and logos. Red Star is also Alexander Bogdanov's 1908 science fiction novel about a communist society on Mars. The five-pointed red star has often served as a symbol of communism. One interpretation sees the five points as representing the five fingers of the worker's hand, as well as the five continents. A lesser-known suggestion is that the five points on the star were intended", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4974343", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of Mauritania\"\nFlag of Mauritania The flag of Mauritania is a green field containing a gold star and crescent, with a red stripe at the top and bottom of the field. The original national flag was introduced under the instructions of President Moktar Ould Daddah and the constitution of 22 March 1959 and was adopted on 1 April 1959. On 5 August 2017, a referendum was held by President Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz to change the national flag, abolish the senate, and other constitutional amendments. The referendum was successful, and the new flag, including two red stripes, which represent \"\"the efforts and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19284523", "chunk_text": "\"Five-pointed star\"\nfigure of Helvetia surrounded by 22 stars, enumerating the Swiss cantons (in 1983 changed to 23 stars to reflect the creation of the canton of Jura). The green five-pointed star used as a symbol of Esperanto was first proposed in 1890. The five-pointed Red Star as a symbol of communism was adopted during the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922. Its origin is unknown. The red star is featured on the state emblem of the Soviet Union (1923) and North Korea (1948). Another variant is a yellow (golden) star on red background, as on the state emblem of Vietnam (1945) and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3359526", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of North Vietnam\"\nFlag of North Vietnam The Flag of North Vietnam, also known as \"\"red flag with yellow star\"\", was adopted as the national flag of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) on November 30, 1955. It became the national flag of Vietnam following reunification with South Vietnam on July 2, 1976. The flag was designed by Nguyễn Hữu Tiến , a communist revolutionary of the 1940 Cochinchina Uprising (\"\"Nam Kỳ Khởi nghĩa\"\") against French colonialism, when the flag was seen on the first time. The uprising failed, and Tiến was arrested and executed along with other leaders of the uprising.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16195532", "chunk_text": "\"Star (heraldry)\"\nof the Southern Cross consisting of four or five stars. The star and crescent symbol is found in flags of states succeeding the Ottoman Empire, which used flags with this symbol during 1793-1923. The twelve stars on the Flag of Europe (1955) symbolize unity. The green five-pointed star on the Esperanto flag (1890) symbolizes the five inhabited continents. The 50 stars of the US flag is the largest number on any national flag. The second-largest number of stars on a current national flag is 27, on the flag of Brazil. The current national flags featuring stars include: Not bearing heraldic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15210638", "chunk_text": "\"Star polygons in art and culture\"\n\"\"death\"\". Today's modern Pagans tend to use all three symbols, rather than making any distinction. The golden five-pointed star is a very common ideogram in the western world, and has particularly strong associations with military power and war. The Asian giant LG Corporation's initials actually stand for \"\"Lucky Goldstar\"\" (and not \"\"Life is Good\"\" as many Westerners are led to believe). Many communist countries (such as China and Vietnam) and symbols (the hammer and sickle) also incorporate five-pointed stars. The five-pointed star appears in the flags of 35 countries, and also appears commonly in the heraldry of the United States,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9305193", "chunk_text": "\"Flags of the Soviet Republics\"\ndefaced with the ASSR name in its own language(s) and the official language of the SSR; flags matching this pattern are not displayed in the gallery below: Flags of the Soviet Republics The Flags of the Soviet Socialist Republics were all defaced versions of the flag of the Soviet Union, which featured a golden hammer and sickle, (the only exception being the Georgian SSR, which used a red hammer and sickle), and a gold-bordered red star on a red field. When Byelorussia and Ukraine were the founding members of the United Nations in 1945, all of their flags were red", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15259692", "chunk_text": "\"Red star\"\non domestic issues, including care for animals during disasters. The organization waxed and waned over the decades, and exists as the American Humane Association's Red Star Animal Emergency Services. The red star was used by the Texaco oil company in various forms from 1909-1981. Its overseas division Caltex also used the red star until 1996. The Red Star is currently a registered trademark of Red*Star Auto Works Inc. (pic). The red star and the hammer and sickle are regarded as occupation symbols as well as symbols of totalitarianism and state terror by several countries that were formerly either members of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9364125", "chunk_text": "Red\nRed is the color most commonly associated with passion and heat. In ancient Rome, red was the color of Mars, the god of war—the planet Mars was named for him because of its red color. Red is the traditional color of warning and danger. In the Middle Ages, a red flag announced that the defenders of a town or castle would fight to defend it, and a red flag hoisted by a warship meant they would show no mercy to their enemy. In Britain, in the early days of motoring, motor cars had to follow a man with a red", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15975681", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of North Korea\"\nFlag of North Korea The flag of North Korea, also known as the Ramhongsaek Konghwagukgi (; literally \"\"blue and red-colored flag of the republic\"\"), consists of a central red panel, bordered both above and below by a narrow white stripe and a broad blue stripe. The central red panel bears a five-pointed red star within a white circle near the hoist. This flag is banned from public use in South Korea due to its association with the ruling regime although some exceptions for the usage of the flag exist. The North Korean national flag is officially defined in article 170", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12831816", "chunk_text": "\"Gold Star\"\nfrom the Soviet medal design, replacing red with the color(s) of the issuing state (red for the USSR, white/blue/red for the Russian Federation, blue/yellow for Ukraine, red/green for Belarus). Gold Star The Gold Star medal ( \"\"medal “Zolotaya Zvezda”\"\") is a special insignia that identifies recipients of the title \"\"Hero\"\" in the Soviet Union and some of its allies, and several post-Soviet states. The Gold Star was established by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet on August 1, 1939. Previously, a Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded the Order of Lenin and a special diploma (gramota,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19202795", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of Ghana\"\nthe country's struggle for independence from Great Britain, the gold represents the mineral wealth of the country, the green symbolises the country's rich forests and natural wealth, and the black star is the symbol of African emancipation. The black star was adopted from the flag of the Black Star Line, a shipping line incorporated by Marcus Garvey that operated from 1919 to 1922. It is where the Ghana national football team derive their nickname, the \"\"Black Stars\"\". Under terms of section 183 of Ghana's Merchant Shipping Act of 1963, the civil ensign is a red flag with the national flag", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17717344", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of China\"\nBeijing's Tiananmen Square on 1 October 1949, at a ceremony announcing the establishment of the People's Republic of China. Other flags used in the People's Republic use a red background to symbolize the revolution in conjunction with other symbols. The flag of the People's Liberation Army uses the gold star with the Chinese characters 8-1 (for 1 August, the date of the PLA's founding). The flag of the Communist Party of China replaces all of the stars with the party emblem. Due to government regulations, cities and provinces of China cannot have their own flags, the only sub-national flags that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9826295", "chunk_text": "\"Red star\"\nto represent the five social groups that would lead Russia to communism: the youth, the military, the industrial labourers, the agricultural workers or peasantry and the intelligentsia. A red star became one of the emblems, symbols and signals representing the Soviet Union, alongside the hammer and sickle. In Soviet heraldry, the red star symbolized the Red Army and military service, as opposed to the hammer and sickle, which symbolized peaceful labour. Different countries across Europe treat the symbol very differently: some have passed laws banning it by claiming that it represents \"\"a totalitarian ideology\"\", but other countries hold a very", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16811299", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of Guinea-Bissau\"\nGhana, which was the first design to use the Pan-African combination of red, yellow, green, and black in 1957. In the Ghanaian view, the black star stands for the unity of Africa. Red stands for the blood shed during the struggle for independence, yellow stands for the sun, and green represents hope. The flag features the traditional Pan-African colors of gold, green, red, and also the Black Star of Africa. The flag's design is heavily influenced by the flag of Ghana. The colors have the same meanings: specifically, the red is for the blood of martyrs, green for forests, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13709163", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the Republic of the Congo\"\nchose a new flag. This featured a red field charged with the country's new coat of arms—a gold star with an overlapping hammer and hoe encircled by a wreath—in the top-left canton. The design was inspired by that of the Soviet Union's flag. The red flag remained in place until 1991, when economic problems and the weakening of the Soviet Union's power due to the Revolutions of 1989 culminated in democratic elections and ultimately, the collapse of the People's Republic of the Congo. The National Conference, which oversaw the transition to a democratic government, reinstated the original flag from 1959", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8526336", "chunk_text": "Ghana\nGhana, and a five-pointed black star rimmed with gold representing the mineral gold wealth of Ghana and the lodestar of the Ghanaian people. It also has the legend \"\"Freedom and Justice\"\". The flag of Ghana consists of three horizontal bands (strips) of red (top), gold (middle) and green (bottom); the three bands are the same height and width; the middle band bears a five-pointed black star in the centre of the gold band, the colour red band stands for the blood spilled to achieve the nation's independence: gold stands for Ghana's industrial mineral wealth, and the color green symbolises the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3145083", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of the Soviet Union\"\nupper hoist quarter. The red flag was a traditional revolutionary symbol long before 1917, and its incorporation into the flag paid tribute to the international aspect of workers' revolution. The iconic hammer and sickle design was a modern industrial touch adopted from the Russian Revolution. The union of the hammer (workers) and the sickle (peasants) represents the victorious and enduring revolutionary alliance. The famous emblem is topped by a gold-bordered red star representing the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The first flag with the gold border star, hammer and sickle was adopted on 13 November 1923. In 1955, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5215865", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of Washington, D.C.\"\nFlag of Washington, D.C. The flag of Washington, D.C. consists of three red stars above two red bars on a white background. It is an armorial banner based on the design of the coat of arms of George Washington, first used to identify the family in the 12th century, when one of George Washington's ancestors took possession of Washington Old Hall, County Durham, northeast England. As elements in heraldry, the stars are properly called mullets. For over a century, the District of Columbia was without an official flag and flew several unofficial banners—usually the flag of the D.C. National Guard.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1159252", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of Transnistria\"\nFlag of Transnistria The flag of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic consists of three equal horizontal bands of red, green and red with the golden hammer and sickle and a gold-bordered red star in the upper canton. Transnistria adopted this design that comprised a version of the 1952–1990 flag of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in the 2000 Law about State Symbols. The flag of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic served as the republic's flag until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. When Moldova became independent, some places in Transnistria refused to fly the new Moldovan flag and continued", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16758790", "chunk_text": "\"United Nations Honour Flag\"\nUnited Nations, and it was officially adopted in several countries starting with New Zealand. By a motion in the United States Senate, the flag was flown in thousands of towns to celebrate V-E Day. At the United Nations Conference on International Organization, where there was a golden motif, the red bars were substituted with gold, while some nations preferred green and blue bars. Additional names include Friendship Flag, Freedom Flag, Goodwill Flag, Flag of Four Freedoms. It is regarded as a symbol of the Allied Forces of World War II. The flag is listed at the online Dictionary of Vexillology", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12404478", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of Ghana\"\nFlag of Ghana The national flag of Ghana was designed and adopted in 1957 and was flown until 1962, and then reinstated in 1966. It consists of the Pan-African colours of red, gold, and green, in horizontal stripes, with a black five-pointed star in the centre of the gold stripe. The Ghanaian flag was the second African flag after the flag of the Ethiopian Empire to feature these colours. The flag's design influenced that of the flag of Guinea-Bissau (1973). The flag of Ghana was designed by Theodosia Okoh (1922–2015). The red represents the blood of those who died in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2828097", "chunk_text": "\"Grand Union Flag\"\nGrand Union Flag The \"\"Grand Union Flag\"\" (also known as the \"\"Continental Colors\"\", the \"\"Congress Flag\"\", the \"\"Cambridge Flag\"\", and the \"\"First Navy Ensign\"\") is considered to be the first national flag of the United States of America. This flag consisted of 13 alternating red and white stripes (like the current U.S. flag), but with the upper inner corner or canton resembling the British Union Flag of the time (prior to the inclusion of St. Patrick's Saltire after the 1801 union of Ireland and Great Britain). By the end of 1775, during the first year of the American Revolutionary War,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3492986", "chunk_text": "Red\nflags during the six centuries of its rule, with the successor Republic of Turkey continuing the 1844 Ottoman Flag. In the Middle Ages, ships in combat hoisted a long red streamer, called the Baucans, to signify a fight to the death. In the 17th century, a red flag signalled defiance. A besieged castle or city would raise a red flag to tell the attackers that they would not surrender. The red flag appeared as a political symbol during the French Revolution, after the fall of Bastille. A law adopted by the new government on October 20, 1789 authorized the Garde", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9744365", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of Russia\"\nthe length of the flag. Flag of Russia The flag of Russia () is a tricolor flag consisting of three equal horizontal fields: white on the top, blue in the middle, and red on the bottom. The flag was first used as an ensign for Russian merchant ships and became official as the flag of the Tsardom of Russia in 1696. It remained in use until the establishment of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (RSFSR) in 1917. During the Soviet Union's existence, it used a flag with a red field with a golden hammer and sickle and a golden", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12831815", "chunk_text": "\"Gold Star\"\nactually a distinctive badge consisting of a gold star hung from a rectangular suspension device with a red ribbon, and was worn on the left, above and apart from all other orders and medals, and always in full. The Gold Star was not normally issued for posthumous awards of the title \"\"Hero of the Soviet Union\"\". Since the breakup of the Soviet Union, the title \"\"Hero of the Soviet Union\"\" was succeeded by titles and insignia in some of the now-independent states, such as \"\"Hero of Belarus\"\", \"\"Hero of the Russian Federation\"\" and \"\"Hero of Ukraine\"\". Their associated badges derive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "217984", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of Adygea\"\nFlag of Adygea The flag of the Republic of Adygea, a federal subject of Russia, is a green field, charged with twelve gold stars, nine forming an arc and three horizontal. It is also charged with three crossed arrows in the center. The green color rgb values (5 63 13), & the gold colors rgb values (189 166 98). The flag was designed by David Urquhart. The green is a symbol of the forests and vegetation of the Caucasus. The twelve stars symbolize the individual tribes of Adygea; the nine stars within the arc symbolize the nine aristocratic tribes of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3297051", "chunk_text": "\"Red flag (politics)\"\nStates Supreme Court held that such laws are unconstitutional. The current flag of Oklahoma dates to this period and was adopted because of the association of the first flag of Oklahoma, a white star on a red background, with socialism. In the 19th century, Kuwait was using a red flag, unintentionally virtually identical to the flag used by various revolutionary movements at the time. In 1899 Kuwait changed this flag. It has been common to find streets, buildings, businesses and product brands named after the Red Flag in nominally socialist countries as a result of recuperation. For example, a famous", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12212637", "chunk_text": "\"Union State\"\na state flag or coat of arms. There have been several drafts for flags and coats of arms. Two proposals have been made for the flag of the Union. In all cases, they are modifications to the flag of the Soviet Union, but representing the state (not communism). In both cases, two gold stars are placed in the canton of the red flag (to represent the two states of the Union). A proposed coat of arms is a modification of the double-headed eagle holding the coats of arms of Russia and Belarus. Belarus and Russia had been collecting a value", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4974346", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of Mauritania\"\nenough for them to be made into a separate vote the same day as the vote on institutions. Flag of Mauritania The flag of Mauritania is a green field containing a gold star and crescent, with a red stripe at the top and bottom of the field. The original national flag was introduced under the instructions of President Moktar Ould Daddah and the constitution of 22 March 1959 and was adopted on 1 April 1959. On 5 August 2017, a referendum was held by President Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz to change the national flag, abolish the senate, and other constitutional", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10801028", "chunk_text": "\"Flag of Kazakhstan\"\nFlag of Kazakhstan The current flag of Kazakhstan or Kazakh flag (, ) was adopted on 4 June 1992, replacing the flag of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag was designed by Shaken Niyazbekov. The color choices had preserved the blue and gold from the Soviet era flag minus the red. The color red was used in early designs of the current flag, and continues to be used in variants for the Kazakh Armed Forces. The national flag of the Republic of Kazakhstan has a gold sun with 32 rays above a soaring golden steppe eagle, both centered on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3379	how many pieces in a terry's chocolate orange?	n/a	[ "six", "20" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5241954", "chunk_text": "\"Terry's Chocolate Orange\"\nin 2017. Since 2005 and the closure of the Terry factory in York, Chocolate Orange products have been manufactured near Jankowice, Poland. In 1979, Terry's launched the Chocolate Lemon, but it was withdrawn three years later. The Terry's Chocolate Orange comprises an orange-shaped ball of chocolate mixed with orange oil, divided into 20 segments, similar to a real orange, and wrapped in orange-skin patterned foil. When packaged, the segments are stuck together firmly in the centre; therefore, prior to unwrapping, the ball is traditionally tapped severely on a hard surface to cause the segments to separate from each other (dubbed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20484216", "chunk_text": "\"Terry's Chocolate Orange\"\nround for long\"\"\"\" (some include the \"\"Countdown\"\" timer music). The newest advertising campaign in the United Kingdom features various situations in which people are trying to break the segments of their Terry's Chocolate Orange apart with the slogan \"\"\"\"Smash it to pieces, love it to bits\"\"\"\". On 29 May 2016, the UK product size was reduced from 175g to 157g by changing the moulded shape of each segment to leave an air gap between each piece. Terry's Chocolate Orange Terry's Chocolate Orange is a chocolate product created by Terry's in 1932 at the Chocolate Works factory in York, England. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5241952", "chunk_text": "\"Terry's Chocolate Orange\"\nTerry's Chocolate Orange Terry's Chocolate Orange is a chocolate product created by Terry's in 1932 at the Chocolate Works factory in York, England. It was made by Mondelēz International from 2012 to 2017. As of spring 2017, it is made by Carambar & Co. The company opened the Art Deco-style factory The Chocolate Works in 1926, and began launching new products. These included the Dessert Chocolate Apple (1926), Terry's All Gold (1931) and the Chocolate Orange (1932). At the onset of World War II, confectionery production was immediately halted. The factory was taken over by F. Hills and Sons of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "614616", "chunk_text": "\"Terry's\"\nTerry's Terry's was a British chocolate and confectionery maker based in York, England. It was founded in 1767 and in 1993 it was taken over by Kraft Foods. The company's headquarters, later renamed The Chocolate Works factory, was closed by Kraft in 2005; products using the Terry's brand name are now produced in Kraft facilities in Poland, Sweden, Belgium, and Slovakia. The Terry's name became part of Mondelēz International in 2012 and part of Carambar & Co in 2016. Their best known products include Terry's Chocolate Orange (1931), and Terry's All Gold box of assorted chocolates, which was also introduced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5241955", "chunk_text": "\"Terry's Chocolate Orange\"\n\"\"Tap and Unwrap\"\" or \"\"Whack and Unwrap\"\"). There have been a number of spin-off products, currently including: The Chocolate Orange product is known for its unusual marketing, which is usually at its heaviest around Christmas. At one time it was estimated that the Chocolate Orange was found in a tenth of British Christmas stockings. Actress Dawn French has fronted numerous campaigns for the brand, often in a posed scene of defending and hiding \"\"her\"\" Chocolate Orange from others. Famous marketing phrases include: More recent advertisements (after the rebranding) do not feature French and contain the new slogan \"\"\"\"Round but not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10937745", "chunk_text": "\"Terry's\"\nLtd. in 1977. United Biscuits (Holdings) Ltd. (UB) acquired Joseph Terry & Sons Ltd. from Colgate in 1982; Terry's formed the bulk of their confectionery division. After UB ran into financial difficulties in the 1990s, they sold their confectionery division to Kraft Foods in 1993. Kraft amalgamated Terry's with Jacobs Suchard to create Terry's Suchard. From 2000, the company brand was changed from Terry's of York to Terry's, reducing the company's links with York. Production was also scaled back to UK products and Terry's Chocolate Orange, Terry's All Gold, and Twilight made for the international market. In 2004, Kraft Foods", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5241953", "chunk_text": "\"Terry's Chocolate Orange\"\nManchester as a shadow factory to manufacture and repair aircraft propeller blades. With the factory handed back to the company post-war, production was difficult due to continued rationing in the United Kingdom, and limited imports of raw cocoa. In 1954, production of the chocolate apple was phased out in favour of increased production of the chocolate orange. In the North American market, where it has had a variety of importers over the years, it was briefly sold as a Tobler (maker of the Toblerone) product. Chocolate oranges appeared on the South Korean market in the GS25 chain of convenience stores", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13544611", "chunk_text": "\"Reese's Pieces\"\nsuccess its product sales dramatically increased, perhaps as much as 300%. In 2010, The Hershey Company expanded the \"\"Pieces\"\" line to include York Peppermint Pattie Pieces, Hershey's Special Dark Pieces, and Almond Joy Pieces. Hershey's Milk Chocolate with Almonds Pieces became the fourth expansion of this line in 2012. Reese's Pieces Reese's Pieces are a peanut butter candy manufactured by The Hershey Company; they are oblate spheroid in shape and covered in candy shells that are colored yellow, orange, or brown. They can be purchased in plastic packets, cardboard boxes, or cup-shaped travel containers. The candy was introduced in 1977,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16355252", "chunk_text": "\"The Chocolate Works\"\nof increased production of the chocolate orange. In 1975, Terry's was acquired by United Biscuits, forming the bulk of their confectionery division. After UB ran into financial difficulties in the early 1990s, they sold their entire confectionery division to Kraft Foods, who amalgamated it with Jacobs Suchard to create Terry's Suchard. From 2000, the company brand was changed from \"\"Terry's of York\"\" to simply \"\"Terry's\"\", reducing the company's links to the city. Production was also scaled back, with just UK products and Terry's Chocolate Orange, Terry's All Gold and Twilight made for the international market. In 2004, Kraft Foods decided", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "614622", "chunk_text": "\"Terry's\"\nresumed family control of the business. They restructured the company, launched new products, and bought a site in Bishopthorpe Road, York, on which to develop a new factory known as Terry's Chocolate Works. The new factory was built in an Art Deco style and included a distinctive clock tower. It was opened in 1926; new products included the Chocolate Apple (1926), Terry's Chocolate Orange (1931), and Terry's All Gold, which were developed and produced onsite. With the onset of the Second World War The factory was taken over by F. Hills and Sons of Manchester as a shadow factory to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "614625", "chunk_text": "\"Terry's\"\ndecided to absorb Terry's, move production of remaining products such as All Gold and Chocolate Orange to factories in Belgium, Sweden, Poland, and Slovakia, and close the plant. The factory closed on 30 September 2005 with the loss of 316 jobs. In 2012, Kraft split into two companies; one called Kraft Foods Group and the other called Mondelēz International. After the split, Terry's became part of Mondelēz. In 2016, Terry's was one of a number of brands acquired by the Eurazeo and it subsequently became part of Carambar & Co. The business was based in St Helen’s Square as early", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19818613", "chunk_text": "\"Terry's All Gold\"\nTerry's All Gold Terry's All Gold is an assorted chocolate box originally made by Terry's, now by Mondelēz International. The archives of Kraft Foods (now Mondelēz) list it as having been introduced in the United Kingdom in 1931, other sources give the date as 1932 or 1936, and it has since been a \"\"top brand\"\". Advertising slogans used for the product include \"\"\"\"See the face you love light up with Terry's All Gold.\"\"\"\" They are sold in boxes of or . A 380 g box contains 1938 calories. Terry's All Gold was the sponsor of the Ebor Handicap at York", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10189500", "chunk_text": "\"Yorkshire and the Humber\"\nHayange). \"\"Terry's Chocolate Orange\"\", first made in 1932, are now made since 2005 by Kraft Foods Polska at Fabryka w Jankowicach in Jankowice, having been bought by Kraft in 1993; \"\"Smarties\"\", first made in York in 1937, since 2006 are made at Chocoladen-Werk Hamburg, with the brand being owned by Nestlé since 1988; the Nestlé Deutschland site also makes \"\"Kit Kat\"\", first made in 1935 and named in 1937, and \"\"After Eight\"\", first made in 1962. Mackintosh's of Halifax invented Quality Street in 1936, Rolo in 1937, Munchies in 1957, Caramac in 1959, and Toffee Crisp in 1963. Rowntree's invented", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10937744", "chunk_text": "\"Terry's\"\nmanufacture and repair aircraft propeller blades. Confectionery production continued but was done for other companies; the Clementhorpe factory produced jellies for Chivers and Sons whilst chocolate was manufactured for Charbonnel et Walker. Production also included chocolate for troop and lifeboat rations. After the war ended, the factory was handed back to the company. Production was difficult because of rationing and limited imports of raw cocoa. As a result, in 1954 production of the chocolate apple was phased out in favour of increased production of the chocolate orange. The Colgate-Palmolive Company acquired Joseph Terry & Sons Ltd. from Trust House Forte", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8572618", "chunk_text": "\"Aero Biscuits\"\nthe best selling flavour of Aero Chocolate). Aero Orange Biscuits consist of a layer of aerated milk chocolate, orange coloured orange flavoured aerated chocolate, along with several sphere shaped pea biscuits nestled in the chocolate. Aero Mint Biscuits consist of a layer aerated milk chocolate, green coloured mint flavoured chocolate along with several pea biscuits nestled in the chocolate. The Aero Biscuits product line contains no artificial colours, flavours, or preservatives and has 99 calories per bar. Immediately following the release of Aero Biscuits, Nestlé began to heavily market and advertise the product line on 1 May 2011. Most television", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16355251", "chunk_text": "\"The Chocolate Works\"\nincluded a distinct clock tower. Opened in 1926, new products including the Chocolate Apple (1926), Terry's Chocolate Orange (1931), and Terry's All Gold were all developed and produced onsite. With the onset of World War II, confectionery production was immediately halted. The factory was taken over by F Hills and Sons of Manchester as a shadow factory, to manufacturer and repair aircraft propeller blades. With the factory handed back to the company post-war, production was difficult due to rationing and limited imports of raw cocoa. As a result, in 1954 production of the chocolate apple was phased out in favour", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2265594", "chunk_text": "\"Tunnock's\"\nwas left unwrapped and exploded on the instrument panel. The Tunnock's Caramel Wafer, correctly known as the Tunnock's Milk Chocolate Coated Caramel Wafer Biscuit, is a bar consisting of five layers of wafer, separated by four layers of caramel. The bar is coated in chocolate, made from cocoa and milk solids. The wafers are wrapped in red and gold coloured foil. Dark chocolate wafers, wrapped blue and gold, are also available. St. Andrews University has a Tunnock's Caramel Wafer Appreciation Society, founded in 1982. The other products in Tunnock's lines are largely based on the core products. The \"\"Caramel Log\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4458351", "chunk_text": "\"Tim Tam\"\nbaked in gas ovens for 90 minutes. Freezing air cools the biscuits before they are flipped and filled with cream, dunked in chocolate and cooled again. In the 2000s Arnott's sold different varieties of the product. Varieties include dark chocolate, white chocolate, caramel, dark chocolate mint, honeycomb and choc orange. In 2004, Arnott's caused a controversy when they released limited edition Tim Tam Tia Maria and Kahlua Mint Slice varieties, flavoured with the popular alcoholic liqueurs. The Australian Drug Foundation suggested selling the biscuits in supermarkets was \"\"potentially dangerous\"\" by \"\"normalising\"\" the taste of alcohol for children. An Arnott's spokesperson", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10937750", "chunk_text": "\"Terry's\"\n(Frank Terry) was High Sheriff of Yorkshire in 1945–46 and Peter Terry, son of Noel Terry, was High Sheriff of North Yorkshire in 1980–81. Terry's Terry's was a British chocolate and confectionery maker based in York, England. It was founded in 1767 and in 1993 it was taken over by Kraft Foods. The company's headquarters, later renamed The Chocolate Works factory, was closed by Kraft in 2005; products using the Terry's brand name are now produced in Kraft facilities in Poland, Sweden, Belgium, and Slovakia. The Terry's name became part of Mondelēz International in 2012 and part of Carambar &", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7011850", "chunk_text": "\"Ipso (candy)\"\nIpso (candy) Ipso was a drop-style candy manufactured by Nicholas International Ltd. and sold in Great Britain during the 1970s through 1980s. Ipso candies were similar to Tic Tac and were produced in four flavours, strawberry, lime, orange, and mint. The packaging was designed to resemble interlocking toy plastic building bricks like Lego, allowing the boxes to be stacked or connected. The boxes came in four colours reflecting the flavour of the candy inside: red for strawberry, green for lime, orange for orange, and blue for mint. The advertising campaign, \"\"Ipso Calypso\"\", featured a man eating the sweets and daydreaming", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2257278", "chunk_text": "\"South Bank, York\"\nSouth Bank, York South Bank is an area to the south of the River Ouse in York. The area is dominated by the disused Terry's chocolate factory, The Chocolate Works, and the numerous streets of terraced housing that surround it. The Chocolate Works factory opened in 1926, where over the years it manufactured Terry's Chocolate Orange, Terry's All Gold and York Fruits. Terry's was acquired by Kraft Foods in 1993, who decided in 2004 to switch production of remaining products All Gold and Chocolate Orange to factories in Belgium, Sweden, Poland and Slovakia, and close the plant. The factory closed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12209876", "chunk_text": "\"Reese's Pieces\"\nReese's Pieces Reese's Pieces are a peanut butter candy manufactured by The Hershey Company; they are oblate spheroid in shape and covered in candy shells that are colored yellow, orange, or brown. They can be purchased in plastic packets, cardboard boxes, or cup-shaped travel containers. The candy was introduced in 1977, and introduced to Canada in 1980. The then relatively new product became very popular with the 1982 release of \"\"E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial\"\", in which the candy is featured. These are also sold in the UK, but still manufactured in the US. They contain genetically modified sugar beets, corn, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "618720", "chunk_text": "\"Tic Tac\"\nweighs 29 grammes (1 ounce) and contains 60 pieces. The \"\"Jumbo Pack\"\" weighs 98 grammes (3.4 ounce) and contains 205 pieces. Each Tic Tac weighs just under 0.5 g. US Federal regulations state that if a single serving contains less than 0.5 g of sugars it is allowable to express the amount of sugar in a serving as zero. Tic Tac Tic Tac (officially styled as \"\"tic tac\"\") is a brand of small, hard mints, consisting of 91.3% sugar per 100g, manufactured by the Italian company Ferrero SpA, and are available in a variety of flavours in over 100 countries.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16355254", "chunk_text": "\"The Chocolate Works\"\n£165million mixed-use of residential, commercial and leisure. The eventual scheme is projected to create more than 2,700 new jobs in new and refurbished offices, two hotels, shops, bars, cafés and restaurants, over 250 homes, a nursery, care home and medical centre. Redevelopment started in 2011, with removal of asbestos by trained and certified contractors, followed by demolition of non-scheduled buildings in early 2012. In April 2013, the site was acquired by joint developers Henry Boot Developments and David Wilson Homes. The Chocolate Works The Chocolate Works was the confectionery factory of Terry's of York, England. Opened in 1926, it closed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9986995", "chunk_text": "\"Tang (drink)\"\nand other convenience foods. Tang is noted for their advertising in the 1990s and early 2000s which featured the orangutan as a recurring theme. Tang is sold in powdered and liquid-concentrate form. The suggested serving size is two tablespoons, or 31 grams of powdered Original Orange flavored Tang per of water. A single suggested serving of Tang contains of sugar; 10% RDA of carbohydrates; 100% RDA of vitamin C; 6% RDA of calcium and has a total of 120 calories (500 kJ). In 2007, Kraft introduced a new version of Tang which replaced half of the sugar with artificial sweeteners.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6686603", "chunk_text": "\"Joseph Terry\"\nTerry's became established as a solely chocolate manufacturer in 1886 when Joseph built a specialized section in the Clementhorpe factory specifically to manufacture cocoa products to compete against such companies as Fry's, Cadbury's and Rowntree's. It would be at this factory that the now commonplace chocolate box assortment was invented, with the first named \"\"Britannia\"\". The company applied for its first trademark in 1876 under the name \"\"Joseph Terry's and Sons.\"\" In 1895 it incorporated as Joseph Terry & Sons Ltd., by which time it had around 500 employees. Terry also converted the historically successful St Helen's Square premises into", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19818614", "chunk_text": "\"Terry's All Gold\"\nRacecourse in 1974 and 1975. Terry’s also launched a hot air balloon to promote All Gold. It had the registration G-GOLD and in May 1978 it finished second in the first Cross Channel Balloon Race. In \"\"Holy\"\", the Christmas episode of the TV series \"\"Bottom\"\", Terry's All Gold was one of the gifts given by the 'Three Kings'. Terry's All Gold Terry's All Gold is an assorted chocolate box originally made by Terry's, now by Mondelēz International. The archives of Kraft Foods (now Mondelēz) list it as having been introduced in the United Kingdom in 1931, other sources give the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10148466", "chunk_text": "\"Tony's Chocolonely\"\nin 2001 (producing 'slave-free' chocolate from 2005 on), he decided to take matters into his own hands by recording himself eating 17 bars of chocolate and subsequently taking himself to court for \"\"knowingly purchasing an illegally manufactured product\"\". To make a case against himself, he convinced four former cocoa plantation child slaves from Ivory Coast to testify against him. By 2007, the Dutch attorney general had the case dismissed for being outside their jurisdiction. When none of the companies he contacted showed any interest in producing chocolate bars made differently, he started manufacturing his own chocolate, and in November introduced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1989469", "chunk_text": "\"Walnut Whip\"\nthe years, including coffee and maple flavours, but currently only vanilla is widely available. The original Walnut Whip contained a half-walnut, or more usually walnuts that had been broken during handling and transportation and therefore not suitable to be placed on the top. It was later marketed with an extra walnut on top, and subsequently the walnut inside was removed to leave one walnut outside. The chocolate cone itself and the vanilla fondant filling have altered in recent years. The original whips were hand made by ladies extruding chocolate from a piping bag onto a rubber mould, each containing 12", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1773277", "chunk_text": "Smarties\nSmarties Smarties are a colour-varied sugar-coated chocolate confectionery. They have been manufactured since 1937, originally by H.I. Rowntree & Company in the UK, and are currently produced by Nestlé. Smarties are oblate spheroids with a minor axis of about 5 mm (0.2 in) and a major axis of about 12 mm (0.5 in). They come in eight colours: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, mauve, pink and brown, although the blue variety was temporarily replaced by a white variety in some countries, while an alternative natural colouring dye of the blue colour was being researched. Smarties are not distributed (except via", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14342344", "chunk_text": "\"Ben & Jerry's\"\nlegislation. The \"\"Vermonster\"\" is a large ice cream sundae served in a \"\"Vermonster Bucket\"\" in Ben & Jerry's \"\"scoop shops.\"\" Its ingredients are 20 scoops of ice cream, 4 bananas, 4 ladles of hot fudge, 3 chocolate chip cookies, 1 chocolate fudge brownie, 10 scoops of walnuts, 2 scoops each of any 4 toppings, and whipped cream. It contains 14,000 calories (kcal), and of fat. Since 2009, the Vermonster Challenge is an annual charity event held by Ben & Jerry's in which teams of four compete to finish a Vermonster and win free ice cream for a year. \"\"Chubby Hubby\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5858759", "chunk_text": "\"The Annoying Orange\"\nof TNT - in How to Make a Halloween Costume on , Pear ended the video with TNT due to Orange going overboard with terms of cows, which has become a running gag since How to be a Rapper on . As of , there have been 100 HOW2 episodes. There were 3 Christmas/New Year specials in 2016, 4 in 2017 and 12 Halloween/Shocktober-themed episodes, four in 2016, 2017, & 2018 each. As of , there have been 125 HOW2 episodes. In How to Make a Perfect Snowball on , Orange copied Pear for Steps 2,3,4,5,6, and 9. The Emoji", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6686602", "chunk_text": "\"Joseph Terry\"\nimporting and exporting from the river using steamboats. Vessels from the River Humber supplied coal for the factory, while larger ships would import ingredients such as sugar and cocoa from around the world twice a week. The Clementhorpe factory also improved the logistics of the company, providing ample room for the construction of warehouses to store stock. Two years later, there were 400 separate items in the firm's price list, with around 13 of them consisting of chocolate as a main ingredient; others included various candied peels, cakes, biscuits and jams among other more exotic products such as cream balls.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20463990", "chunk_text": "\"Angel Delight\"\nis thus suitable for vegetarians. However, the product does contain milk products and is therefore not suitable for vegans. Angel Delight is currently sold in six flavours: strawberry, butterscotch, chocolate, mint chocolate, white chocolate and banana. No-added-sugar variants of the butterscotch and strawberry flavours are also sold. It is available in three quantity variants: four-serving packets, twelve-serving tubs, and single-serving ready-to-eat cups. Discontinued flavours include black cherry, blueberry, peach, lime, lemon, blackcurrant, bubblegum, tangerine, vanilla ice cream, Forest Fruits, popcorn, cotton candy, butter mint, and raspberry. To prepare an Angel Delight dessert, a single 59 g packet of dessert powder", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12061100", "chunk_text": "\"Choc Nut\"\n‘Filipino stores’ popular in other countries around the world, where they are sold alongside various local products. A pack of Choc Nut contains 24 pieces individually wrapped in silver foil and white paper, later plastic, on the outer side bearing the logo and signature red stripes. The packs are a bronze colour with white and red lines running through it horizontally. In the early days of its manufacturing, Choc Nut wrappers printed promos or collectibles on the inside of the wrapper. This was eventually discontinued. King Choc Nut manufacturers also sell a powdered milk version of the sweet. Many restaurants", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5165323", "chunk_text": "Twix\n\"\"Orange is the New Black\"\" as a reward in prison for guessing when a pregnant woman will deliver her baby. The Seinfeld episode \"\"The Dealership\"\" uses Twix as a plot line for George Costanza as he accuses a mechanic of stealing his bar. Twix Twix is a chocolate bar made by Mars, Inc., consisting of a biscuit (\"\"cookie\"\" in North America) applied with other confectionery toppings and coatings (most frequently caramel and milk chocolate). Twix are packaged with two or four bars in a wrapper. Miniature and other variations of Twix bars are also available. The product was first produced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14477251", "chunk_text": "\"Kit Kat\"\nbar, which can include up to five or eight fingers. Large single-fingered \"\"Chunky Kit Kats\"\" were launched in the United Kingdom in 1998 and have been sold in a variety of flavours. The market for Chunky Kit Kats has also expanded to Canada. Other forms and shapes include \"\"Choc'n'Go\"\" individually wrapped fingers in France, a twelve-finger \"\"Family Block\"\" available in New Zealand and Australia, round bite-sized \"\"Pop Choc\"\" pieces, square \"\"Kubes\"\", praline-filled \"\"Senses\"\", a yoghurt with Kit Kat pieces, and a Kit Kat ice cream cone. In the 1980s, a Kit Kat with five shorter fingers was sold in vending", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14884083", "chunk_text": "\"Aero (chocolate)\"\ntimes in the word \"\"AERO.\"\" In the 1970s, an advertisement was aired in which had kids flying an Aero bar as if it was a kite. There are several flavours of Aero. These include the Original Aero (which consists of milk chocolate throughout), Mint Aero (with a green, bubbly, mint flavoured centre, covered in milk chocolate), Caramel Aero (with a caramel layer on top of the chocolate layer), Dark Chocolate Aero, White Chocolate Aero, Latte flavour Aero and Crispy Aeros (similar to Nestlé Crunch bars). Orange Aeros (orange/chocolate layered) were sold for a while as well, and larger 100 g", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "618714", "chunk_text": "\"Tic Tac\"\n(FD&C Red #2), a suspected carcinogen. Orange Tic Tacs were sold without the Grape. Other offerings have included holiday gift packs for Christmas, Easter, St Patricks Day, and Valentine's Day. Since 1980, the Tic Tac slogan has been \"\"The 1½ Calorie Breath Mint\"\". During the 1990s, \"\"double packs\"\" were introduced, featuring a regular Tic Tac container with two flavours inside. Available combinations included Tangerine and Lime, Orange and Grape, and Berry and Cherry. In the UK, France, Ireland, Italy and Australia Tic Tacs are noted as being less than two calories with the slogan \"\"Two hours of Tic Tac freshness", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5632454", "chunk_text": "\"Quality Street (confectionery)\"\nof years because the wrapper would stick to the confection. Following a suggestion by packaging manufacturer William T. Robson O.B.E, a new material was adopted by the manufacturer to overcome the problem. On 15 August 2013, the My Green Bar became available from Nestlé, which consists of four original green noisette pate triangles held together by milk chocolate. This is also available in My Purple Bar. Lemon Zing is exclusive to the fruit cremes boxes. In 2016, a new chocolate entitled Honeycomb Crunch replaced Toffee Deluxe because the boxes have several chocolate coated toffees already. It was reintroduced a year", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18961458", "chunk_text": "Cheribundi\nmade their products at the Cornell Agriculture and Food Technology Park, where it resided from 2006 to 2017. Cheribundi has grown from one office space at the park to four offices, a lab, production space and a 100,000-square-foot distribution center. The company's main product line is tart cherry juice, with the original version containing 200 cherries per 32 fluid ounces, and 160 cherries in the \"\"light\"\" version. Cheribundi's 100% Tart version contains one ingredient (tart cherries), is not from concentrate, and has no added sugars. Juice is distributed in 8, 12, 24 and 32-ounce bottles. Cheribundi is distributed at stores", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4673201", "chunk_text": "Sixlets\nSixlets Sixlets are small round candy-coated, chocolate-flavored candy made by Oak Leaf Confections, a Chocolat Frey company based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The chocolate centers are made from a mixture of cocoa and carob, giving them a \"\"malted\"\" taste. They are often sold in thin cellophane packages that hold them in a tube-like formation. The ball-shaped candies come in colors that include red, brown, yellow, green, blue and orange. An Easter variation of the candy adds white, pink, and blue pieces while removing red and brown ones from the mix. A Christmas variation has only red, green and white; and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16984474", "chunk_text": "\"Jaffa Cakes\"\nJaffa Cakes Jaffa Cakes are biscuit-sized cakes introduced by McVitie and Price in the UK in 1927 and named after Jaffa oranges. The most common form of Jaffa cakes are circular, in diameter and have three layers: a Genoise sponge base, a layer of orange flavoured jam and a coating of chocolate. Jaffa cakes are also available as bars or in small packs, and in larger and smaller sizes. The original Jaffa Cakes come in packs of 12, 24 or 36. Because McVitie's did not trademark the name \"\"Jaffa Cakes\"\", other biscuit manufacturers and supermarkets have made similar products under", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2697188", "chunk_text": "Matchmakers\nMatchmakers Matchmakers are an elongated chocolate confectionery product made by Nestlé. Thin, twig-like and brittle, they were first launched in 1968 by Rowntree's and were just one-third of the length they are now. For this reason they were called Matchmakers - a name which has stood the test of time. For many years they were available in either orange, mint, lemon (from its 25th anniversary) or coffee and flavor (from its 10th anniversary). In 2003 Nestlé attempted to raise brand awareness by changing the names of the flavours to \"\"Cool Mint\"\" and \"\"Zingy Orange\"\" and adding \"\"Brilliant Blackcurrant\"\" and \"\"Sizzling", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18218648", "chunk_text": "\"Chocolate bar\"\ncomponents: cocoa solids, cocoa butter, sugar, and milk. The relative presence or absence of these define the subclasses of chocolate bar made of dark chocolate, milk chocolate, and white chocolate. In addition to these main ingredients a chocolate bar may contain flavorings such as vanilla and emulsifiers such as soy lecithin to alter its consistency. While vanilla is the most common flavouring, many other flavours are available, including mint, orange, and coffee. Chocolate bars containing other ingredients feature a wide variety of layerings or mixtures that include nuts, fruit, caramel, nougat, and fondant. A popular example is a Snickers bar,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3300216", "chunk_text": "\"Picnic (chocolate bar)\"\nbar from 50 grams down to 48.4 grams. Again in August 2014 Cadbury altered the weight of the standard Picnic bar down to 46g in Australia, with a noticeable reduction in the width of the bar, yet still in the old size wrapper. In the UK the standard bar is 48.4 grams as of 2018 and is also available in multipacks. In 2011, a fruit and nut picnic bar was released in Australia. Now in Russia as of 2018, there are two variants of the bar available, classic one with peanuts and raisins and another one with walnuts, at first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2621463", "chunk_text": "Crunchie\nCrunchie Crunchie is a brand of chocolate bar with a honeycomb toffee (or known as sponge toffee in Canada and Cinder toffee in the UK) sugar center. It is made by Cadbury and was originally launched in the UK by J. S. Fry & Sons in 1929. The Crunchie is sold in several sizes, ranging from \"\"snack size\"\" – a small rectangle – to \"\"king size\"\". The most common portion is a single-serve bar, about 1 inch wide by about 7 inches long, and about inch deep (2.5 cm × 18 cm × 2 cm). In the late 1990s there", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18251250", "chunk_text": "\"Ipso (candy)\"\nabout West Indian and Jamaican dancers on a train platform. A woman interrupted the man's daydream to warn him that he would miss his train. The tagline for the sweets was \"\"A little refreshment will take you a long way\"\". Ipso (candy) Ipso was a drop-style candy manufactured by Nicholas International Ltd. and sold in Great Britain during the 1970s through 1980s. Ipso candies were similar to Tic Tac and were produced in four flavours, strawberry, lime, orange, and mint. The packaging was designed to resemble interlocking toy plastic building bricks like Lego, allowing the boxes to be stacked or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16355250", "chunk_text": "\"The Chocolate Works\"\nThe Chocolate Works The Chocolate Works was the confectionery factory of Terry's of York, England. Opened in 1926, it closed in 2005 with the loss of 300 jobs, with production moved to other Kraft Foods sites in mainland Europe. Today, the site is being redeveloped as a mixed-use residential/commercial real estate development. In 1923, Frank and Noel Terry joined the family business, \"\"Terry's of York\"\". They revamped the company, launching new products, and bought a site off Bishopthorpe Road, York on which to develop a new factory. Built in an Art Deco style, the factory known as \"\"The Chocolate Works\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19576783", "chunk_text": "\"Chocolate-covered fruit\"\nChocolate-covered fruit Other chocolate-covered fruits: Chocolate-covered fruits include blueberries, pomegranate, strawberries, oranges, dried apricots, and other candied fruits and citrus peels. dark chocolate, milk chocolate and white chocolate are used for decoration. Nuts, coconut, chocolate chips, sprinkles, and other toppings are sometimes added. During the Christmas season chocolate covered fruits are sold at European markets. Cordials include cherries or cherry fillings and also often include liqueur. Strawberries are often dipped in chocolate. This is a traditional gift for Valentine's Day in the United States. Strawberries are also served with chocolate fountains for dipping, often on wooden skewers. Chocolate fondue with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3380	what are the functions of the human skeleton?	n/a	[ "endocrine regulation", "support", "production of blood cells", "protection", "storage of minerals", "movement" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1148686", "chunk_text": "\"Human skeleton\"\nof the spine are supported by many ligaments. The erector spinae muscles are also supporting and are useful for balance. The appendicular skeleton (126 bones) is formed by the pectoral girdles, the upper limbs, the pelvic girdle or pelvis, and the lower limbs. Their functions are to make locomotion possible and to protect the major organs of digestion, excretion and reproduction. The skeleton serves six major functions: support, movement, protection, production of blood cells, storage of minerals and endocrine regulation. The skeleton provides the framework which supports the body and maintains its shape. The pelvis, associated ligaments and muscles provide", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1148684", "chunk_text": "\"Human skeleton\"\nand the bones of the upper and lower limbs. The human skeleton performs six major functions; support, movement, protection, production of blood cells, storage of minerals, and endocrine regulation. The human skeleton is not as sexually dimorphic as that of many other primate species, but subtle differences between sexes in the morphology of the skull, dentition, long bones, and pelvis exist. In general, female skeletal elements tend to be smaller and less robust than corresponding male elements within a given population. The human female pelvis is also different from that of males in order to facilitate childbirth. Unlike most primates,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1148687", "chunk_text": "\"Human skeleton\"\na floor for the pelvic structures. Without the rib cages, costal cartilages, and intercostal muscles, the lungs would collapse. The joints between bones allow movement, some allowing a wider range of movement than others, e.g. the ball and socket joint allows a greater range of movement than the pivot joint at the neck. Movement is powered by skeletal muscles, which are attached to the skeleton at various sites on bones. Muscles, bones, and joints provide the principal mechanics for movement, all coordinated by the nervous system. It is believed that the reduction of human bone density in prehistoric times reduced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1148683", "chunk_text": "\"Human skeleton\"\nHuman skeleton The human skeleton is the internal framework of the body. It is composed of around 270 bones at birth – this total decreases to around 206 bones by adulthood after some bones get fused together. The bone mass in the skeleton reaches maximum density around age 21. The human skeleton can be divided into the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton is formed by the vertebral column, the rib cage, the skull and other associated bones. The appendicular skeleton, which is attached to the axial skeleton, is formed by the shoulder girdle, the pelvic girdle", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1148688", "chunk_text": "\"Human skeleton\"\nthe agility and dexterity of human movement. Shifting from hunting to agriculture has caused human bone density to reduce significantly. The skeleton helps to protect our many vital internal organs from being damaged. The skeleton is the site of haematopoiesis, the development of blood cells that takes place in the bone marrow. In children, haematopoiesis occurs primarily in the marrow of the long bones such as the femur and tibia. In adults, it occurs mainly in the pelvis, cranium, vertebrae, and sternum. The bone matrix can store calcium and is involved in calcium metabolism, and bone marrow can store iron", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11814921", "chunk_text": "\"Human musculoskeletal system\"\nHuman musculoskeletal system The human musculoskeletal system (also known as the locomotor system, and previously the activity system) is an organ system that gives humans the ability to move using their muscular and skeletal systems. The musculoskeletal system provides form, support, stability, and movement to the body. It is made up of the bones of the skeleton, muscles, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints, and other connective tissue that supports and binds tissues and organs together. The musculoskeletal system's primary functions include supporting the body, allowing motion, and protecting vital organs. The skeletal portion of the system serves as the main storage", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1148685", "chunk_text": "\"Human skeleton\"\nhuman males do not have penile bones. The axial skeleton (80 bones) is formed by the vertebral column (32–34 bones; the number of the vertebrae differs from human to human as the lower 2 parts, sacral and coccygeal bone may vary in length), a part of the rib cage (12 pairs of ribs and the sternum), and the skull (22 bones and 7 associated bones). The upright posture of humans is maintained by the axial skeleton, which transmits the weight from the head, the trunk, and the upper extremities down to the lower extremities at the hip joints. The bones", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15945611", "chunk_text": "Skeleton\nas in the pinnipeds (seals). In the whale, the cervical vertebrae are typically fused, an adaptation trading flexibility for stability during swimming. The human skeleton consists of both fused and individual bones supported and supplemented by ligaments, tendons, muscles and cartilage. It serves as a scaffold which supports organs, anchors muscles, and protects organs such as the brain, lungs, heart and spinal cord. Although the teeth do not consist of tissue commonly found in bones, the teeth are usually considered as members of the skeletal system. The biggest bone in the body is the femur in the upper leg, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15945616", "chunk_text": "Skeleton\nBones are rigid organs that form part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They function to move, support, and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells and store minerals. Bone tissue is a type of dense connective tissue. Bones have a variety of shapes with a complex internal and external structure they are also lightweight, yet strong and hard. One of the types of tissue that makes up bone tissue is mineralized tissue and this gives it rigidity and a honeycomb-like three-dimensional internal structure. Other types of tissue found in bones include marrow, endosteum and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1148699", "chunk_text": "\"Human skeleton\"\nskeleton and other body parts, correcting some theories dating from Galen, such as the lower jaw being a single bone instead of two. Various other figures like Alessandro Achillini also contributed to the further understanding of the skeleton. Human skeleton The human skeleton is the internal framework of the body. It is composed of around 270 bones at birth – this total decreases to around 206 bones by adulthood after some bones get fused together. The bone mass in the skeleton reaches maximum density around age 21. The human skeleton can be divided into the axial skeleton and the appendicular", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15945599", "chunk_text": "Skeleton\nSkeleton The skeleton is the body part that forms the supporting structure of an organism. There are several different skeletal types: the exoskeleton, which is the stable outer shell of an organism, the endoskeleton, which forms the support structure inside the body, the hydroskeleton, and the cytoskeleton. The term comes . There are two major types of skeletons: solid and fluid. Solid skeletons can be internal, called an endoskeleton, or external, called an exoskeleton, and may be further classified as pliant (elastic/movable) or rigid (hard/non-movable). Fluid skeletons are always internal. Exoskeletons are external, and are found in many invertebrates; they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9651429", "chunk_text": "Bone\nBone A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebrate skeleton. Bones support and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, provide structure and support for the body, and enable mobility. Bones come in a variety of shapes and sizes and have a complex internal and external structure. They are lightweight yet strong and hard, and serve multiple functions. Bone tissue (osseous tissue) is a hard tissue, a type of dense connective tissue. It has a honeycomb-like matrix internally, which helps to give the bone rigidity. Bone tissue is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9651465", "chunk_text": "Bone\nare still customarily used in a tradition to determine which one of two people pulling on either prong of the bone may make a wish. Various cultures throughout history have adopted the custom of shaping an infant's head by the practice of artificial cranial deformation. A widely practised custom in China was that of foot binding to limit the normal growth of the foot. Bone A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebrate skeleton. Bones support and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, provide structure and support", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12402222", "chunk_text": "\"Human body\"\nHuman body The human body is the structure of a human being. It is composed of many different types of cells that together create tissues and subsequently organ systems. They ensure homeostasis and the viability of the human body. It comprises a head, neck, trunk (which includes the thorax and abdomen), arms and hands, legs and feet. The study of the human body involves anatomy, physiology, histology and embryology. The body varies anatomically in known ways. Physiology focuses on the systems and organs of the human body and their functions. Many systems and mechanisms interact in order to maintain homeostasis,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11814925", "chunk_text": "\"Human musculoskeletal system\"\nbones, and sesamoid bones. The human skeleton is composed of both fused and individual bones supported by ligaments, tendons, muscles and cartilage. It is a complex structure with two distinct divisions; the axial skeleton, which includes the vertebral column, and the appendicular skeleton. The skeletal system serves as a framework for tissues and organs to attach themselves to. This system acts as a protective structure for vital organs. Major examples of this are the brain being protected by the skull and the lungs being protected by the rib cage. The pelvic bone. Located in long bones are two distinctions of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1148689", "chunk_text": "\"Human skeleton\"\nin ferritin and is involved in iron metabolism. However, bones are not entirely made of calcium, but a mixture of chondroitin sulfate and hydroxyapatite, the latter making up 70% of a bone. Hydroxyapatite is in turn composed of 39.8% of calcium, 41.4% of oxygen, 18.5% of phosphorus, and 0.2% of hydrogen by mass. Chondroitin sulfate is a sugar made up primarily of oxygen and carbon. Bone cells release a hormone called osteocalcin, which contributes to the regulation of blood sugar (glucose) and fat deposition. Osteocalcin increases both the insulin secretion and sensitivity, in addition to boosting the number of insulin-producing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3993797", "chunk_text": "Bone\nstill cartilaginous. The following steps are followed in the conversion of cartilage to bone: Bones have a variety of functions: Bones serve a variety of mechanical functions. Together the bones in the body form the skeleton. They provide a frame to keep the body supported, and an attachment point for skeletal muscles, tendons, ligaments and joints, which function together to generate and transfer forces so that individual body parts or the whole body can be manipulated in three-dimensional space (the interaction between bone and muscle is studied in biomechanics). Bones protect internal organs, such as the skull protecting the brain", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15945619", "chunk_text": "Skeleton\npumping action generated by compression of the articular cartilage or flexion of the elastic cartilage. Thus, compared to other connective tissues, cartilage grows and repairs more slowly. In Western culture, the skeleton is oftentimes seen as a fearful symbol of death and the paranormal. It is a popular motif in the holiday Halloween, as well as Day of the Dead. Skeleton The skeleton is the body part that forms the supporting structure of an organism. There are several different skeletal types: the exoskeleton, which is the stable outer shell of an organism, the endoskeleton, which forms the support structure inside", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20853881", "chunk_text": "\"Axial skeleton\"\nAxial skeleton The axial skeleton is the part of the skeleton that consists of the bones of the head and trunk of a vertebrate. In the human skeleton, it consists of 80 bones and is composed of six parts; the skull bones, the ossicles of the middle ear, the hyoid bone, the rib cage, sternum and the vertebral column. The axial skeleton together with the appendicular skeleton form the complete skeleton. Another definition of axial skeleton is the bones including the vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx, ribs, and sternum. Flat bones house the brain and other vital organs. This article mainly deals", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15945617", "chunk_text": "Skeleton\nperiosteum, nerves, blood vessels and cartilage. There are 206 bones in the adult human body and 270 in an infant. During embryogenesis the precursor to bone development is cartilage. Much of this substance is then replaced by bone during the second and third trimester, after the flesh such as muscle has formed around it; forming the skeleton. Cartilage is a stiff and inflexible connective tissue found in many areas in the bodies of humans and other animals, including the joints between bones, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the elbow, the knee, the ankle, the bronchial tubes and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1148693", "chunk_text": "\"Human skeleton\"\nfrom the uterus to the birth canal. There are many classified skeletal disorders. One of the most common is osteoporosis. Also common is scoliosis, a side-to-side curve in the back or spine, often creating a pronounced \"\"C\"\" or \"\"S\"\" shape when viewed on an x-ray of the spine. This condition is most apparent during adolescence, and is most common with females. Arthritis is a disorder of the joints. It involves inflammation of one or more joints. When affected by arthritis, the joint or joints affected may be painful to move, may move in unusual directions or may be immobile completely.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14887771", "chunk_text": "\"Fish anatomy\"\nrays and, except for the caudal fin, have no direct connection with the spine. They are supported only by the muscles. The ribs attach to the spine. Bones are rigid organs that form part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They function to move, support, and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells and store minerals. Bone tissue is a type of dense connective tissue. Bones come in a variety of shapes and have a complex internal and external structure. They are lightweight, yet strong and hard, in addition to fulfilling their many other functions.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11547171", "chunk_text": "Skeleton\nof a larger sesamoid bone. The patellae are counted in the total, as they are constant. The number of bones varies between individuals and with age – newborn babies have over 270 bones some of which fuse together. These bones are organized into a longitudinal axis, the axial skeleton, to which the appendicular skeleton is attached. The human skeleton takes 20 years before it is fully developed. In many animals, the skeleton bones contain marrow, which produces blood cells. There exist several general differences between the male and female skeletons. The male skeleton, for example, is generally larger and heavier", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15945607", "chunk_text": "Skeleton\nThis structure formed is porous and therefore firm and at the same time light. It coalesces into small calcareous ossicles (bony plates), which can grow in all directions and thus can replace the loss of a body part. Connected by joints, the individual skeletal parts can be moved by the muscles. In most vertebrates, the main skeletal component is referred to as bone. These bones compose a unique skeletal system for each type of animal. Another important component is cartilage which in mammals is found mainly in the joint areas. In other animals, such as the cartilaginous fishes, which include", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1148694", "chunk_text": "\"Human skeleton\"\nThe symptoms of arthritis will vary differently between types of arthritis. The most common form of arthritis: Osteoarthritis can affect both the larger and smaller joints of the human skeleton. The cartilage in the affected joints will degrade, soften and wear away. This decreases the mobility of the joints and decreases the space between bones where cartilage should be. Osteoporosis is a disease of bone where there is reduced bone mineral density, increasing the likelihood of fractures. Osteoporosis is defined by the World Health Organization in women as a bone mineral density 2.5 standard deviations below peak bone mass, relative", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1148690", "chunk_text": "\"Human skeleton\"\ncells and reducing stores of fat. Anatomical differences between human males and females are highly pronounced in some soft tissue areas, but tend to be limited in the skeleton. The human skeleton is not as sexually dimorphic as that of many other primate species, but subtle differences between sexes in the morphology of the skull, dentition, long bones, and pelvis are exhibited across human populations. In general, female skeletal elements tend to be smaller and less robust than corresponding male elements within a given population. It is not known whether or to what extent those differences are genetic or environmental.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15945608", "chunk_text": "Skeleton\nthe sharks, the skeleton is composed entirely of cartilage. The segmental pattern of the skeleton is present in all vertebrates (mammals, birds, fish, reptiles and amphibians) with basic units being repeated. This segmental pattern is particularly evident in the vertebral column and the ribcage. Bones in addition to supporting the body also serve, at the cellular level, as calcium and phosphate storage. The skeleton, which forms the support structure inside the fish is either made of cartilage as in the (Chondrichthyes), or bones as in the (Osteichthyes). The main skeletal element is the vertebral column, composed of articulating vertebrae which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12402231", "chunk_text": "\"Human body\"\nskin provides containment, structure, and protection for other organs, and serves as a major sensory interface with the outside world. The lymphatic system extracts, transports and metabolizes lymph, the fluid found in between cells. The lymphatic system is similar to the circulatory system in terms of both its structure and its most basic function, to carry a body fluid. The musculoskeletal system consists of the human skeleton (which includes bones, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage) and attached muscles. It gives the body basic structure and the ability for movement. In addition to their structural role, the larger bones in the body", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2762755", "chunk_text": "Osteoblast\nconnected cells, osteoblasts produce hydroxylapatite that is deposited, in a highly regulated manner, into the organic matrix forming a strong and dense mineralized tissue - the mineralized matrix. The mineralized skeleton is the main support for the bodies of air breathing vertebrates. It is an important store of minerals for physiological homeostasis including both acid-base balance and calcium or phosphate maintenance. The skeleton is a large organ that is formed and degraded throughout life in the air-breathing vertebrates. The skeleton, often referred to as the skeletal system, is important both as a supporting structure and for maintenance of calcium, phosphate,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20853884", "chunk_text": "\"Axial skeleton\"\nthe skull passes through the pelvis and birth canal during birth. During development the eight separate plates of the immature bones fuse together into one single structure known as the Skull. The only bone that remains separate from the rest of the skull is the mandible.<ref name=\"\"Inner Body/Skull\"\"></ref> The rib cage is composed of 12 pairs of ribs plus the sternum for a total of 25 separate bones. The rib cage functions as protection for the vital organs such as the heart and lungs. The ribs are shaped like crescents, with one end flattened and the other end rounded. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18299921", "chunk_text": "\"Bone health\"\nskeleton through physical activity promotes positive bone remodelling and decreases levels of homocysteine, independently from nutritional intake. Four methods have been proposed regarding the interaction of homocysteine and bone; increase in osteoclast activity, decrease in osteoblast activity, decrease in bone blood flow, and direct action of homocysteine on bone matrix. Homocysteine inhibits lysyl oxidase which is responsible for post-translational modifications of collagen, a key component to bone structure Osteoclasts are located on the surface of bones and form resorption pits by excreting H+ to the bone surface removing hydroxyapatite, multiple bone minerals, and organic components: collagen and dentin. The purpose", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10799793", "chunk_text": "\"Human body\"\nblood to produce urine, which carries a variety of waste molecules and excess ions and water out of the body. Human anatomy is the study of the shape and form of the human body. The human body has four limbs (two arms and two legs), a head and a neck which connect to the torso. The body's shape is determined by a strong skeleton made of bone and cartilage, surrounded by fat, muscle, connective tissue, organs, and other structures. The spine at the back of the skeleton contains the flexible vertebral column which surrounds the spinal cord, which is a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9651433", "chunk_text": "Bone\nas osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Within any single bone, the tissue is woven into two main patterns, known cortical and cancellous bone, and each with different appearance and characteristics. The hard outer layer of bones is composed of cortical bone also called compact bone being much denser than cancellous bone. It forms the hard exterior (cortex) of bones. The cortical bone gives bone its smooth, white, and solid appearance, and accounts for 80% of the total bone mass of an adult human skeleton. It facilitates bone's main functions: to support the whole body, protect organs, provide levers for movement, and store", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20853882", "chunk_text": "\"Axial skeleton\"\nwith the axial skeletons of humans; however, it is important to understand the evolutionary lineage of the axial skeleton. The human axial skeleton consists of 80 different bones. It is the medial core of the body and connects the pelvis to the body, where the appendix skeleton attaches. As the skeleton grows older the bones get weaker with the exception of the skull. The skull remains strong to protect the brain from injury. The human skull consists of the cranium and the facial bones. The cranium holds and protects the brain in a large space called the cranial vault. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15945612", "chunk_text": "Skeleton\nthe smallest is the stapes bone in the middle ear. In an adult, the skeleton comprises around 14% of the total body weight, and half of this weight is water. Fused bones include those of the pelvis and the cranium. Not all bones are interconnected directly: There are three bones in each middle ear called the ossicles that articulate only with each other. The hyoid bone, which is located in the neck and serves as the point of attachment for the tongue, does not articulate with any other bones in the body, being supported by muscles and ligaments. There are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17607503", "chunk_text": "Osteoclast\nOsteoclast An osteoclast () is a type of bone cell that breaks down bone tissue. This function is critical in the maintenance, repair, and remodelling of bones of the vertebral skeleton. The osteoclast disassembles and digests the composite of hydrated protein and mineral at a molecular level by secreting acid and a collagenase, a process known as \"\"bone resorption\"\". This process also helps regulate the level of blood calcium. An odontoclast (/odon·to·clast/; o-don´to-klast) is an osteoclast associated with absorption of the roots of deciduous teeth. An osteoclast is a large multinucleated cell and human osteoclasts on bone typically have five", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8996697", "chunk_text": "\"Vertebral column\"\nVertebral column The vertebral column, also known as the backbone or spine, is part of the axial skeleton. The vertebral column is the defining characteristic of a vertebrate in which the notochord (a flexible rod of uniform composition) found in all chordates has been replaced by a segmented series of bone: vertebrae separated by intervertebral discs. The vertebral column houses the spinal canal, a cavity that encloses and protects the spinal cord. There are about 50,000 species of animals that have a vertebral column. The human vertebral column is one of the most-studied examples. In a human's vertebral column there", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4692772", "chunk_text": "Osteology\nOsteology Osteology is the scientific study of bones, practiced by osteologists. A subdiscipline of anatomy, anthropology, and archaeology, osteology is a detailed study of the structure of bones, skeletal elements, teeth, microbone morphology, function, disease, pathology, the process of ossification (from cartilaginous molds), the resistance and hardness of bones (biophysics), etc. often used by scientists with identification of vertebrate remains with regard to age, death, sex, growth, and development and can be used in a biocultural context. Osteologists frequently work in the public and private sector as consultants for museums, scientists for research laboratories, scientists for medical investigations and/or for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18529818", "chunk_text": "\"Appendicular skeleton\"\nis involved in locomotion (lower limbs) of the axial skeleton and manipulation of objects in the environment (upper limbs). The appendicular skeleton forms during development from cartilage, by the process of endochondral ossification. The appendicular skeleton is divided into six major regions: It is important to realize that through anatomical variation it is common for the skeleton to have many accessory bones (sutural bones in the skull, cervical ribs, lumbar ribs and even extra lumbar vertebrae). The appendicular skeleton of 126 bones and the axial skeleton of 80 bones together form the complete skeleton of 206 bones in the human", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8032199", "chunk_text": "\"Bone health\"\nBone health The human skeletal system is a complex organ in constant equilibrium with the rest of the body. In addition to support and structure of the body, bone is the major reservoir for many minerals and compounds essential for maintaining a healthy pH balance. The deterioration of the body with age renders the elderly particularly susceptible to and affected by poor bone health. Illnesses like osteoporosis, characterized by weakening of the bone’s structural matrix, increases the risk of hip-fractures and other life-changing secondary symptoms. In 2010, over 258,000 people aged 65 and older were admitted to the hospital for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15945603", "chunk_text": "Skeleton\nthe skeleton; upon muscle relaxation, the skeleton will return to its original shape. Cartilage is one material that a pliant skeleton may be composed of, but most pliant skeletons are formed from a mixture of proteins, polysaccharides, and water. For additional structure or protection, pliant skeletons may be supported by rigid skeletons. Organisms that have pliant skeletons typically live in water, which supports body structure in the absence of a rigid skeleton. Rigid skeletons are not capable of movement when stressed, creating a strong support system most common in terrestrial animals. Such a skeleton type used by animals that live", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1625279", "chunk_text": "Endoskeleton\nEndoskeleton An endoskeleton (From Greek ἔνδον, éndon = \"\"within\"\", \"\"inner\"\" + σκελετός, skeletos = \"\"skeleton\"\") is an internal support structure of an animal, composed of mineralized tissue. An endoskeleton is a skeleton that is on the inside of a body. The endoskeleton develops within the skin or in the deeper body tissues. The vertebrate endoskeleton is basically made up of two types of tissues (bone and cartilage). During early embryonic development the endoskeleton is composed of notochord and cartilage. The notochord in most vertebrates is replaced by the vertebral column and cartilage is replaced by bone in most adults. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19638103", "chunk_text": "\"Anatomical terms of bone\"\nbone is one that is cube-like in shape, being approximately equal in length, width, and thickness. The only short bones in the human skeleton are in the carpals of the wrists and the tarsals of the ankles. Short bones provide stability and support as well as some limited motion. The term “flat bone” is something of a misnomer because, although a flat bone is typically thin, it is also often curved. Examples include the cranial (skull) bones, the scapulae (shoulder blades), the sternum (breastbone), and the ribs. Flat bones serve as points of attachment for muscles and often protect internal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7535240", "chunk_text": "Head\nThe human head is an anatomical unit that consists of the skull, hyoid bone and cervical vertebrae. The term \"\"skull\"\" collectively denotes the mandible (lower jaw bone) and the cranium (upper portion of the skull that houses the brain). The skull can also be described as being composed of the cranium, which encloses the cranial cavity, and the facial skeleton (includes the mandible). There are eight bones in the cranium and fourteen in the facial skeleton. Sculptures of human heads are generally based on a skeletal structure that consists of a cranium, jawbone, and cheekbone. Though the number of muscles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13708877", "chunk_text": "\"Human body\"\nto comparative physiology and ecophysiology. Most recently, evolutionary physiology has become a distinct subdiscipline. Human body The human body is the structure of a human being. It is composed of many different types of cells that together create tissues and subsequently organ systems. They ensure homeostasis and the viability of the human body. It comprises a head, neck, trunk (which includes the thorax and abdomen), arms and hands, legs and feet. The study of the human body involves anatomy, physiology, histology and embryology. The body varies anatomically in known ways. Physiology focuses on the systems and organs of the human", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2681537", "chunk_text": "Skull\nbones, and contains many foramina, fossae, processes, and several cavities or sinuses. In zoology there are openings in the skull called fenestrae. The human skull is the bony structure that forms the head in the human skeleton. It supports the structures of the face and forms a cavity for the brain. Like the skulls of other vertebrates, it protects the brain from injury. The skull consists of two parts, of different embryological origin—the neurocranium and the facial skeleton (also called the \"\"membraneous viscerocranium\"\"). The neurocranium (or \"\"braincase\"\") forms the protective cranial cavity that surrounds and houses the brain and brainstem.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1148692", "chunk_text": "\"Human skeleton\"\nmorphometric or gross morphological analyses. The human pelvis exhibits greater sexual dimorphism than other bones, specifically in the size and shape of the pelvic cavity, ilia, greater sciatic notches, and the sub-pubic angle. The Phenice method is commonly used to determine the sex of an unidentified human skeleton by anthropologists with 96% to 100% accuracy in some populations. Women's pelvises are wider in the pelvic inlet and are wider throughout the pelvis to allow for child birth. The sacrum in the women's pelvis is curved inwards to allow the child to have a \"\"funnel\"\" to assist in the child's pathway", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20020725", "chunk_text": "Pelvis\nmakes it difficult to detect congenital hip dislocation by X-raying. There is preliminary evidence that the pelvis continues to widen over the course of a lifetime. The skeleton of the pelvis is a basin-shaped ring of bones connecting the vertebral column to the femora. Its primary functions are to bear the weight of the upper body when sitting and standing, transferring that weight from the axial skeleton to the lower appendicular skeleton when standing and walking, and providing attachments for and withstanding the forces of the powerful muscles of locomotion and posture. Compared to the shoulder girdle, the pelvic girdle", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1160748", "chunk_text": "\"Head and neck anatomy\"\nthe respiratory airway (trachea) open. Head and neck anatomy This article describes the anatomy of the head and neck of the human body, including the brain, bones, muscles, blood vessels, nerves, glands, nose, mouth, teeth, tongue, and throat. The head rests on the top part of the vertebral column, with the skull joining at C1 (the first cervical vertebra known as the atlas). The skeletal section of the head and neck forms the top part of the axial skeleton and is made up of the skull, hyoid bone, auditory ossicles, and cervical spine. The skull can be further subdivided into:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14131841", "chunk_text": "\"Flat bone\"\nFlat bone Flat bones are bones whose principal function is either extensive protection or the provision of broad surfaces for muscular attachment. These bones are expanded into broad, flat plates, as in the cranium (skull), the ilium (pelvis), sternum and the rib cage. The flat bones are: the occipital, parietal, frontal, nasal, lacrimal, vomer, hip bone (coxal bone), sternum, ribs, and scapulae. In the cranial bones, the layers of compact tissue are familiarly known as the tables of the skull; the outer one is thick and tough; the inner is thin, dense, and brittle, and hence is termed the vitreous", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3381	when did the study of media effects begin?	n/a	[ "1919", "1975" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9531649", "chunk_text": "\"History of media studies\"\nThe social impact of mass communication has been studied at The New School University in New York since its founding in 1919. The first college course to investigate the motion picture was offered here in 1926. Marshall McLuhan's colleague, John Culkin, brought his Center for Understanding Media to The New School in 1975 and The New School began offering the Master of Arts degree in Media Studies, one of the first graduate programs of its kind. Today, among other programs, MA in Media Studies is still being offered by School of Media Studies, The New School, which will celebrate 40th", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4043679", "chunk_text": "\"Media psychology\"\nIn the 1920s, marketing, advertising and public relations professionals began conducting research on consumer behavior and motivation for commercial applications. The use of mass media during World War II, created a surge of academic interest in mass media messaging and resulted in the creation of a new field, communication science (Lazarsfeld & Merton, 2000). The field of media psychology gained prominence n the 1950s when television was becoming popular in American households. Psychologists responded to widespread social concerns about the children and their television viewing. For example, researchers began to study the impact of television viewing on children's reading skills.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4841934", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\namong average households. People were astonished by the speed of information dissemination, which may have clouded audience perception of any media effects. Secondly, propaganda techniques were implemented during the war time by several governments as a powerful tool for uniting their people. This propaganda exemplified strong-effect communication. Early media effects research often focused on the power of this propaganda (e.g., Lasswell, 1927). Combing through the technological and social environment, early media effects theories stated that the mass media were all-powerful. Representative theories: Starting in the 1930s, the second phase of media effects studies instituted the importance of empirical research, while", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4841935", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\nintroducing the complex nature of media effects due to the idiosyncratic nature of audience individuals. The Payne Fund studies, conducted in the United States during this period, focused on the effect of media upon young people. Many other separate studies focused on persuasion effects studies, or the possibilities and usage of planned persuasion in film and other media. Hovland et al. (1949) conducted a series of experimental studies to evaluate the effects of using films to indoctrinate American military recruits. Lazarsfeld (1944) and his colleagues' effectiveness studies of democratic election campaigns launched political campaign effect studies. Researchers uncovered mounting empirical", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11356004", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\nthe end of the 1950s, even when balanced against some of the negative findings, gives no justification for an overall verdict of 'media importance.'\"\" In the 1950s and 1960s, widespread use of television indicated its unprecedented power on social lives. Meanwhile, researchers also realized that early investigations, relying heavily on psychological models, were narrowly focused on only short-term and immediate effects. The \"\"stimuli-reaction\"\" model introduced the possibility of profound long-term media effects. The shift from short-term to long-term effect studies marked the renewal of media effects research. More attention was paid to collective cultural patterns, definitions of social reality, ideology", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15199108", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\nof activation determine the strength and duration of the priming effect. In media effects studies, priming describes how exposure to media can alter an individual's attitudes, behaviors, or beliefs. Most media violence research, a popular area of discussion in media effects studies, theorizes that exposure to violent acts may prime an individual to behave more aggressively while the activation lingers. Miller and Dollard (1941) pioneered social learning theory by their findings that individuals do not need to personally act out a behavior to learn it; they can learn from observation. Bandura (1977) expanded upon this concept, stating that audiences can", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9531656", "chunk_text": "\"History of media studies\"\nquestion of media \"\"effects\"\" on politics was left largely unaddressed until the late 1960s. Eventually Mass Communication scholars began to study political behavior again and the limited-effects model was called into question. As a response to the previous emphasis upon media effects, from the 1970s researchers became interested in how audiences make sense of media texts. The \"\"uses and gratifications\"\" model, associated with Jay Blumler and Elihu Katz, reflected this growing interest in the 'active audience'. One such example of this type of research was conducted by Hodge and Tripp, and separately Palmer, about how school-children make sense of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15199103", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\n(1986) developed the media richness theory to assess the media's ability of reproducing information. The internet was widely adopted for personal use in the 1990s, further expanding CMC studies. Theories such as social information processing (Walther, 1992) and social identification/deindividuation (SIDE) model (Postmes et al. 2000) studied CMC effects on users' behavior, comparing these effects to face-to-face communication effects. With the emergence of dynamic user-generated content on websites and social media platforms, research results are even more conducive to CMC studies. For instance, Valkenburg & Peter (2009) developed the internet-enhanced self-disclosure hypothesis among adolescents, stating that social media platforms are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15199109", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\nlearn behaviors from observing fictitious characters. The effects of media violence upon individuals has many decades of research, starting as early as the 1920s. Children and adolescents, considered vulnerable media consumers, are often the target of these studies. Most studies of media violence surround the media categories of television and video games. The rise of the motion picture industry, coupled with advances in social sciences, spurred the famous Payne Fund studies and others. Though the quality of the research has been called into question, one of the findings suggested a direct role between movies depicting delinquent adolescents and delinquent behaviors", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15163988", "chunk_text": "\"Media studies\"\ncriticism more broadly. The key date, according to Andrew Crisell, is 1959: When Joseph Trenaman left the BBC's Further Education Unit to become the first holder of the Granada Research Fellowship in Television at Leeds University. Soon after in 1966, the Centre for Mass Communication Research was founded at Leicester University, and degree programmes in media studies began to sprout at polytechnics and other universities during the 1970s and 1980s. James Halloran at Leicester University is credited with much influence in the development of media studies and communication studies, as the head of the university's Centre for Mass Communication Research,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17471959", "chunk_text": "\"Media ecology\"\nMedia ecology Media ecology theory is the study of media, technology, and communication and how they affect human environments. The theoretical concepts were proposed by Marshall McLuhan in 1964, while the term \"\"media ecology\"\" was first formally introduced by Neil Postman in 1968. Ecology in this context refers to the environment in which the medium is used – what they are and how they affect society. Neil Postman states, \"\"if in biology a 'medium' is something in which a bacterial culture grows (as in a Petri dish), in media ecology, the medium is 'a technology within which a [human] culture", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9531651", "chunk_text": "\"History of media studies\"\nmanipulation of representations. These representations may take spoken, written, pictorial or musical form.\"\" These definitions of propaganda clearly show that this was a school of thought that focused on media effects, as it highlighted the influence that media could have over its audiences attitudes and actions. Epitomizing this early school of media effects studies are experiments done by The Experimental Section of the Research Branch of the U.S. War Department's Information and Education Division. In the experiments, the effects of various U.S. wartime propaganda films on soldiers were observed. Current Propaganda studies are applied into many fields besides politics. Herman", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17472028", "chunk_text": "\"Media ecology\"\nby media professionals and amateurs empower people and become the rising voice for the future of democracy in Spain. Media ecology Media ecology theory is the study of media, technology, and communication and how they affect human environments. The theoretical concepts were proposed by Marshall McLuhan in 1964, while the term \"\"media ecology\"\" was first formally introduced by Neil Postman in 1968. Ecology in this context refers to the environment in which the medium is used – what they are and how they affect society. Neil Postman states, \"\"if in biology a 'medium' is something in which a bacterial culture", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4043680", "chunk_text": "\"Media psychology\"\nLater, they began to study the impact of violent television viewing on children's behavior, for example, if they were likely to exhibit anti-social behavior or to copy the violent behaviors that they were seeing. These events led up to the creation of a new division of the American Psychological Association in 1987. Division 46, the Media Psychology Division (now the APA Society for Media Psychology and Technology), is one of the fastest growing in the American Psychological Association. Today's media psychologists study both legacy and new media forms that have risen in recent years such as cellular phone technology, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4841956", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\nas a key factor limiting media effects. Later, two theoretical perspectives, uses-and-gratifications (Katz et al. 1973, Rubin 2009) and selective exposure theory (Knobloch-Westerwick 2015, Zillmann & Bryant 1985), had been developed based on this assumption, and aimed to pinpoint the psychological and social factors guiding and filtering audience's media selection. Generally, these theories put media user in the center of the media effect process, and conceptualize media use as a mediator between antecedents and consequences of media effects. In other words, users (with intention or not), develop their own media use effects. The inherent properties of media themselves are considered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7616141", "chunk_text": "\"Research on the effects of violence in mass media\"\nnovels, comic books, jazz, rock and roll, role playing/computer games, television, films, internet (by computer or cell phone) and many others have attracted speculation that consumers of such media may become more aggressive, rebellious or immoral. This has led some scholars to conclude statements made by some researchers merely fit into a cycle of media-based moral panics (e.g. Gauntlett, 1995; Trend, 2007; Kutner & Olson, 2008). The advent of television prompted research into the effects of this new medium in the 1960s. Much of this research has been guided by social learning theory developed by Albert Bandura. Social learning theory", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10530309", "chunk_text": "Sociology\nstudies, media study is a distinct discipline that owes to the convergence of sociology and other social sciences and humanities, in particular, literary criticism and critical theory. Though the production process or the critique of aesthetic forms is not in the remit of sociologists, analyses of socializing factors, such as ideological effects and audience reception, stem from sociological theory and method. Thus the 'sociology of the media' is not a subdiscipline \"\"per se\"\", but the media is a common and often-indispensable topic. The term \"\"economic sociology\"\" was first used by William Stanley Jevons in 1879, later to be coined in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9531655", "chunk_text": "\"History of media studies\"\nideas, methods and findings of Paul F. Lazarsfeld and his school: media effect studies. Their studies focused on measurable, short-term behavioral ‘effects’ of media and concluded that the media played a limited role in influencing public opinion. The \"\"Limited-Effects\"\" Model developed by Lazarsfeld and his colleagues from Columbia was highly influential in the development of media studies. The model claims the mass media has \"\"limited-effects\"\" on voting patterns. Voters are influenced, rather, through the ‘two-step flow’ model, the idea that media messages are disseminated through personal interaction with ‘opinion leaders’. The model of limited- effects was so influential that the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9531650", "chunk_text": "\"History of media studies\"\nanniversary of Media Studies at The New School during the academic year 2015-2016 Between the First and Second World Wars, the Institute for Propaganda Analysis briefly rose to importance. Their definition of propaganda was \"\"expression of opinion or action by individuals or groups deliberately designed to influence opinion or actions of other individuals or groups with reference to predetermined ends.\"\" Harold Lasswell, who worked in the paradigm of the Chicago School of sociology wrote Propaganda Technique in the World War, which included this definition of propaganda: \"\"Propaganda in the broadest sense is the technique of influencing human action by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7616140", "chunk_text": "\"Research on the effects of violence in mass media\"\nResearch on the effects of violence in mass media The studies of violence in mass media analyzes the degree of correlation between themes of violence in media sources (particularly violence in video games, television and films) with real-world aggression and violence over time. Many social scientists support the correlation. However, some scholars argue that media research has methodological problems and that findings are exaggerated.(Ferguson & Kilburn, 2009; Freedman, 2002; Pinker 2002; Savage, 2004) Complaints about the possible deleterious effects of mass media appear throughout history, even Plato was concerned about the effects of plays on youth. Various media/genres, including dime", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2282715", "chunk_text": "\"Hostile media effect\"\nin terms of valence, from his or her own point of view.\"\" In other words, the intention of the reporter or the story is irrelevant — those \"\"partisans\"\" who consume the content find the content that is hostile to their point of view on their own. An oft-cited forerunner to Vallone et al.'s study was conducted by Albert Hastorf and Hadley Cantril in 1954. Princeton and Dartmouth students were shown a filmstrip of a controversial Princeton-Dartmouth football game. Asked to count the number of infractions committed by both sides, students at both universities \"\"saw\"\" many more infractions committed by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11543612", "chunk_text": "\"Radio Research Project\"\nwhich expressed tastes were the result of commercial marketing), Adorno left the project in 1941. Radio Research Project The Radio Research Project was a social research project funded by the Rockefeller Foundation to look into the effects of mass media on society. In 1937, the Rockefeller Foundation started funding research to find the effects of new forms of mass media on society, especially radio. Several universities joined up and a headquarters was formed at the School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University. Among the subjects of the Project's first studies were soap operas, known as radio dramas at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11356013", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\nmedia content, leading to anxiety about personal safety. The following are salient examples of media effects studies which examine media influence on an audience aggregate. Not all media effects are instantaneous or short-term. Gerbner (1969) created cultivation theory, arguing that the media cultivates a \"\"collective consciousness about elements of existence.\"\" If audiences are exposed to repetitive themes and storylines, over time, they may expect these themes and storylines mirrored in real life. There are two primary areas of media agenda-setting: (i) the media tells us the news and (ii) tells us what to think about the news. Press coverage sends", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4841942", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\nmedia coverage of minority and fringe social movements. Representative research: As early as the 1970s, research emerged on the effects of individual or group behavior in computer-mediated environments. The focus was on the effect of computer-mediated communication (CMC) in interpersonal and group interaction. Early research examined the social interactions and impressions that CMC partners formed of each other, given the restrictive characteristics of CMC—such as the anonymity or lack of nonverbal (auditory or visual) cues. The first generation of CMC researches simply compared existing \"\"text-only\"\" internet content (e.g. emails) to face-to-face communication (Culnan & Markus,1987). For example, Daft and Lengel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9531647", "chunk_text": "\"History of media studies\"\nHistory of media studies This article outlines the history of media studies. Though not yet named as such, media studies' roots are in the Chicago School and thinkers such as John Dewey, Charles Cooley and George Mead. These authors saw American society on the cusp of positive social change toward pure democracy. Mead argued that for an ideal society to exist, a form of communication must be developed to allow the unique individual to appreciate the attitudes, viewpoints and positions of others unlike himself, and allow him to be understood by others as well. Mead believed that this \"\"new media\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15199100", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\nand institutional behavior. Though audiences were still considered in control of the selection of media messages they consumed, \"\"the way media select, process and shape content for their own purposes can have a strong influence on how it is received and interpreted and thus on longer-term consequences\"\" (Mcquail, 2010). Representative theories: In the late 1970s, researchers examined the media's role in shaping social realities, also referred to as \"\"social constructivist\"\" (Gamson and Modigliani, 1989). This approach evaluated the media's role in constructing meaning, and corresponding social realities. First, the media formats images of society in a patterned and predictable way,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12039385", "chunk_text": "\"New media\"\nCold War and the design of the Web took place at exactly the same time.\"\" Writers and philosophers such as Marshall McLuhan were instrumental in the development of media theory during this period. His now famous declaration in \"\"\"\" (1964) that \"\"the medium is the message\"\" drew attention to the too often ignored influence media and technology themselves, rather than their \"\"content,\"\" have on humans' experience of the world and on society broadly. Until the 1980s media relied primarily upon print and analog broadcast models, such as those of television and radio. The last twenty-five years have seen the rapid", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9531658", "chunk_text": "\"History of media studies\"\nvalidated the other. History of media studies This article outlines the history of media studies. Though not yet named as such, media studies' roots are in the Chicago School and thinkers such as John Dewey, Charles Cooley and George Mead. These authors saw American society on the cusp of positive social change toward pure democracy. Mead argued that for an ideal society to exist, a form of communication must be developed to allow the unique individual to appreciate the attitudes, viewpoints and positions of others unlike himself, and allow him to be understood by others as well. Mead believed that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14071370", "chunk_text": "\"History of communication studies\"\nbroader and more culturally-driven fashion. This perspective is the basis of a separate professional association, the Media Ecology Association. In 1972, Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw published a groundbreaking article that offered an agenda-setting theory that paved a new conception of short-term effects of the media. This approach, organized around additional ideas such as framing, priming, and gatekeeping, has been highly influential, especially in the study of political communication and news coverage. The 1970s also saw the development of what became known as uses and gratifications theory, developed by scholars such as Elihu Katz, Jay G. Blumler, and Michael Gurevitch.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5117982", "chunk_text": "\"Medium theory\"\nMedium theory Medium theory is the name assigned to a variety of approaches used to examine how the means of expression of human communication impact the meaning(s) of human communication(s). Joshua Meyrowitz originated the term in his 1985 book, \"\"No Sense of Place\"\". Other scholars with work relevant to medium theory include Marshall McLuhan (1963, 1966, 1988) and Neil Postman (1985). Currently, medium theory occupies a marginal position within U.S. communication and media studies (Croteau & Hoynes, 2003:305). The majority of U.S. communication and media studies place their emphasis on the content of communication (e.g., sex and violence) not the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15199094", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\nundergone several phases, often corresponding to the development of mass media technologies. From the early 20th century to the 1930s, developing mass media technologies, such as radio and film, were credited with an almost irresistible power to mold an audience's beliefs, cognition and behaviors according to the communicators' will. The basic assumption of strong media effects theory was that audiences were passive and homogeneous. This assumption was not based on empirical evidence but on assumptions of human nature. There were two main explanations for this perception of mass media effects. First, mass broadcasting technologies were acquiring a widespread audience, even", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9531654", "chunk_text": "\"History of media studies\"\nsuspends all intellectual activity.\"\" As the Frankfurt school lamented on the effects of the \"\"culture industry\"\" they also began to identify mass culture and high culture as two distinct entities. Scholars like Benjamin (1936) and Adorno (1945) can be credited with what would eventually become known as popular culture and high culture. Their finite distinction of equating original production with ritualistic behavior as compared with mass culture that finds its identifying symbols in reproductions. These reproductions are souless and lacking in definition and originality. The less paradigm in media studies since the Second World War has been associated with the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15199106", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\nmedia effects studies which examine media influence on individuals. Individuals often mistakenly believe that they are less susceptible to media effects than others. About fifty percent of the members in a given sample are susceptible to the third-person effect, underestimating their degree of influence. This can allow an individual to complain about media effects without taking responsibility for their own possible effects. This is largely based on attribution theory, where \"\"the person tends to attribute his own reactions to the object world, and those of another, when they differ from his own, to personal characteristics.\"\" Standley (1994) tested the third-person", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15163994", "chunk_text": "\"Media studies\"\nand media since 1961. Currently, the Department of Television and Radio administers an MS in Media Studies, and hosts the Center for the Study of World Television. The University of Southern California has three distinct centers for media studies: the Center for Visual Anthropology (founded in 1984), the Institute for Media Literacy at the School of Cinematic Arts (founded in 1998) and the Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism (founded in 1971). University of California, Irvine had in Mark Poster one of the first and foremost theorists of media culture in the US, and can boast a strong Department of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14071369", "chunk_text": "\"History of communication studies\"\nadapt to the growing field of communication. For example, in 1970 the Speech Association of America became the Speech Communication Association. Radio and television continued to develop throughout the 1970s and this boom in diversity “forced scholars to adopt a more convergent model of communication.” There was no longer only one source for each message and there was almost always more than one path from sender to receiver. Neil Postman founded the media ecology program at New York University in 1971. Media ecologists draw on a wide range of inspirations in their attempts to study media environments in an even", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15199110", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\nin adolescents. Wertham (1954) later suggested that comic books influenced children into delinquent behaviors, provided false worldviews and lowered literacy in his book \"\"Seduction of the Innocent\"\". This research was too informal to reach a clear verdict, and a recent study suggests information was misrepresented and even falsified, yet it led to public outcry resulting in many discontinued comic magazines. Television's ubiquity in the 1950s generated more concerns. Since then, studies have hypothesized a number of effects. \"\"Behavioral effects\"\" include disinhibition, imitation and desensitization. \"\"Cognitive effects\"\" include an increased belief of potential violence in the real world from watching violent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4841932", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\nan existing belief. Researchers examine an audience after media exposure for changes in cognition, belief systems, and attitudes, as well as emotional, physiological and behavioral effects. There are several scholarly definitions of media. Bryant and Zillmann defined media effects as \"\"the social, cultural, and psychological impact of communicating via the mass media\"\". Perse stated that media effects researchers study \"\"how to control, enhance, or mitigate the impact of the mass media on individuals and society\"\". Lang stated media effects researchers study \"\"what types of content, in what type of medium, affect which people, in what situations\"\". Media effects studies have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12722675", "chunk_text": "\"Radio Research Project\"\nRadio Research Project The Radio Research Project was a social research project funded by the Rockefeller Foundation to look into the effects of mass media on society. In 1937, the Rockefeller Foundation started funding research to find the effects of new forms of mass media on society, especially radio. Several universities joined up and a headquarters was formed at the School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University. Among the subjects of the Project's first studies were soap operas, known as radio dramas at the time. The Radio Project also conducted research on the infamous Halloween broadcast of \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4841960", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\neffects by selectively engaging in media use; transactional theories make an effort to explain how and why this occurs. Transactional media effects theories are the most complex among the five features. There are three basic assumptions. First, communication technologies (e.g., radio, television, internet) function as reciprocal mediators between information producers and receivers. They engage in transactions through these technologies (Bauer 1964). Second, the effect of media content are reciprocal between producers and receivers of media content. They influence each other. Producers can be influenced by receivers because they learn from what the audience needs and prefer (Webster 2009). Third, transactions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "987358", "chunk_text": "\"Media studies\"\ncommunication by focusing on the ontological processes of organizations. Carleton University and the University of Western Ontario, 1945 and 1946 prospectively, created Journalism specific programs or schools. A Journalism specific program was also created at Ryerson in 1950. The first communication programs in Canada were started at Ryerson and Concordia Universities. The Radio and Television Arts program at Ryerson were started in the 1950s, while the Film, Media Studies/Media Arts, and Photography programs also originated from programs started in the 1950s. The Communication studies department at Concordia was created in the late 1960s. Ryerson's Radio and Television, Film, Media and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14071352", "chunk_text": "\"History of communication studies\"\n1937, which had been at Columbia as the Office of Radio Research since 1939. In its various incarnations, the Radio Project had involved Lazarsfeld himself, and people like Adorno, Hadley Cantril, Herta Herzog, Gordon Allport, and Frank Stanton (who went on to be president of CBS). Lazarsfeld and the Bureau mobilized substantial sums for research, and produced, with various co-authors, a series of books and edited volumes that helped define the discipline, such as \"\"Personal Influence\"\" (1955) which remains a classic in what is called the 'media effects'-tradition. From the 1940s and onwards, the University of Chicago was home to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4043686", "chunk_text": "\"Media psychology\"\nto the 1970s in the realm of Media Analysis and Technology. He was appointed by the President of the University of Toronto in 1963 to create a new Centre for Culture and Technology to study the psychological and social consequences of technologies and media. McLuhan's famous statement pertaining to media psychology was, \"\"The medium is the message\"\". McLuhan's famous statement was suggestive towards the notion that media is inherently dangerous. McLuhan's theory on media called \"\"technological determinism\"\" would pave the way for other people to study media. Dolf Zillmann advanced the two-factor model of emotion. The two-factor of emotion proposed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4043687", "chunk_text": "\"Media psychology\"\nthat emotion involves both psychological and cognitive components. Zillmann advanced the theory of \"\"\"\"Excitation transfer\"\"\"\" by establishing the explanation for the effects of violent media. Zillmann's theory proposed the notion that viewer's are physiologically aroused when they watch aggressive scenes. After watching an aggressive scene, an individual will become aggressive due to the arousal from the scene. In 1974 Katz, Blumler, and Gurevitch used the uses and gratifications theory to explain media psychology. Katz, Blumler, and Gurevitch discovered five components of the theory; (1) the media competes with sources of satisfaction, (2) goals of mass media can be discovered through", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12960203", "chunk_text": "Metamedia\non collaboration across traditional fields of study, melding everything from improvisational theatre and performance art, to agile, adaptive software development and smart mobs. While hypermedia was coined a year later in 1965 by a programmer to refer to file systems of multimedia, the term metamedia was coined in 1964, referring to the theoretical effects of mass media. McLuhan, like his teacher Harold Innis, an earlier theorist of communication theory, saw communication as central to social systems. More recent distinctions between old and new media have meant that metamedia becomes used to describe modernity and art more than systems. Stanford University", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11075302", "chunk_text": "\"Tetrad of media effects\"\nTetrad of media effects Generally speaking, a tetrad is any set of four things. In \"\"Laws of Media\"\" (1988) and \"\"The Global Village\"\" (1989), published posthumously, Marshall McLuhan summarized his ideas about media in a concise tetrad of media effects. The tetrad is a means of examining the effects on society of any technology/medium (put another way: a means of explaining the social processes underlying the adoption of a technology/medium) by dividing its effects into four categories and displaying them simultaneously. McLuhan designed the tetrad as a pedagogical tool, phrasing his laws as questions with which to consider any medium:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20581550", "chunk_text": "\"Media system dependency theory\"\nMedia system dependency theory Media system dependency theory (MSD), or simply media dependency, was developed by Sandra Ball-Rokeach and Melvin Defleur in 1976. The theory is grounded in classical sociological literature positing that media and their audiences should be studied in the context of larger social systems. MSD ties together the interrelations of broad social systems, mass media, and the individual into a comprehensive explanation of media effects. At its core, the basic dependency hypothesis states that the more a person depends on media to meet needs, the more important media will be in a person's life, and therefore the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7348770", "chunk_text": "\"New media studies\"\ncommunication, journalism, computer science, programming, graphic design, web design, human-computer interaction, media theory, linguistics, information science, and other related fields. New media studies is the academic discipline which examines how our relationship with media has changed with the onset of global connectivity and the popularity of digital and user generated content. New media studies seeks to connect computer sciences and innovations in new media with social sciences and the philosophy of technology. Marshall McLuhan is known in the study of media theory for coining the phrase, \"\"the medium is the message\"\" in its effect in communication in media. The medium", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17471965", "chunk_text": "\"Media ecology\"\nacademia. Inspired by McLuhan, Neil Postman founded the Program in Media Ecology at New York University in 1971, as he further developed the theory McLuhan had established. According to Postman, media ecology emphasizes the environments in which communication and technologies operate and spread information and the effects these have on the receivers. \"\"Such information forms as the alphabet, the printed word, and television images are not mere instruments which make things easier for us. They are environments - like language itself, symbolic environments with in which we discover, fashion, and express humanity in particular ways.\"\" Postman focused on media technology,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15199107", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\neffect and attribution theory, reporting people are more likely offer situational reasons for television's effect upon themselves, while offering dispositional reasons for other members of an audience. This is a concept derived from a network model of memory used in cognitive psychology. Information is stored in this model as nodes, clustered with related nodes by associated pathways. If one node is activated, nearby nodes are also activated. This is known as spreading activation. Priming occurs when a node is activated, causing related nodes to stand by for possible activation. Both the intensity and amount of elapsed time from the moment", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11356023", "chunk_text": "\"Influence of mass media\"\nas predictors in media effects. After the all-power assumption of mass media was disproved by empirical evidence, the indirect path of the media's effect on audiences has been widely accepted. An indirect effect indicates that an independent variable (e.g., media use) affecting the dependent variables (e.g., outcomes of media use) via one or more intervening (mediating) variables. The conceptualization of indirect media effects urges us to pay attention to those intervening variables to better explain how and why media effects occur. Besides, examining indirect effects can lead to a less biased estimation of effects sizes in empirical research (Holbert &", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3382	what is the oasis in ready player one?	n/a	[ "a virtual reality simulator" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19129411", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One\"\nis facing, people turn to the OASIS, a virtual reality simulator accessible by players using visors and haptic technology such as gloves. It functions both as an MMORPG and as a virtual world, with its currency being the most stable in the real world. It was created by James Halliday who, when he died, had announced in his will to the public that he had left an Easter egg inside OASIS, and the first person to find it would inherit his entire fortune and the corporation. The story follows the adventures of Wade Watts, starting about five years after the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17736215", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One\"\ninvited Cline several times to sign books and demo hardware. The Ready Player One: Oasis beta, developed by Directive Games Limited, was released on March 23, 2018 alongside the Steven Spielberg movie and consists of four experiences made for virtual reality headsets. The game is currently available for free on Steam and Viveport. \"\"Lacero\"\", a fan-fiction story by Andy Weir, was published in the 2016 edition of \"\"Ready Player One\"\". It follows the story of Nolan Sorrento and functions as a precursor to the main novel, and is considered canonical to the \"\"Ready Player One\"\" fictional universe. In 2015, in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937435", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One (film)\"\nmedia. The film was noted to have significant differences from the book; some critics said the film's plot was an improvement over the source material. In 2045, people seek regular escape from life through the virtual reality entertainment universe OASIS, co-created by James Halliday and Ogden Morrow of Gregarious Games. After Halliday's death, a pre-recorded message left by his avatar Anorak announces a game, granting ownership of OASIS to the first to find the Golden Easter egg within it, which is locked behind a gate requiring three keys. The contest has lured a number of ‘gunters’, or egg hunters, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17734695", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One\"\nlab accident. Wade escapes and moves to Columbus, Ohio, where he lies low, assuming the pseudonym Bryce Lynch and living in an anonymous apartment designed for hardcore OASIS users. He considers an alliance with Aech, Art3mis, and Daito and Shoto, two Japanese gunters who have also earned the Copper Key. Instead, he and Art3mis begin a wary friendship, but when he asks her out, Art3mis declines. IOI operatives, called Sixers, attempt to assassinate Wade and Art3mis at the birthday party of OASIS co-founder Ogden Morrow. They are stopped by Morrow, who has special privileges and powers within the OASIS. Art3mis", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937436", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One (film)\"\nthe interest of Nolan Sorrento, the CEO of Innovative Online Industries (IOI) who seeks to control OASIS himself. IOI uses a number of indentured servants and employees called \"\"Sixers\"\" to find the egg. Wade Watts is an orphaned teenager living in the slums, or ‘stacks’, of Columbus, Ohio, with his Aunt Alice. In the OASIS, his avatar, Parzival, is best friends with Aech, a virtual mechanic. One day, Parzival befriends Art3mis, a well-known Gunter, sharing a common interest in Halliday's history. They review Halliday's life from the Archives with help of its Curator. They learn Halliday had several regrets in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19129412", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One\"\nannouncement, when he discovers one of the three keys which unlock three successive gates leading to the treasure. Teenager Wade Watts lives with his aunt in Oklahoma City in the \"\"stacks\"\", a poverty-stricken district constructed of trailer homes piled on top of each other. He spends his spare time as a \"\"gunter\"\" (\"\"egg hunter\"\"), logging on to the OASIS as an avatar under the moniker Parzival, reading Halliday's journal \"\"Anorak's Almanac\"\", and researching details of the 1980s pop culture, mainly classic video games and movies, that Halliday loved. One day, he realizes that the first key is located on Ludus,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937433", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One (film)\"\nReady Player One (film) Ready Player One is a 2018 American science fiction film produced and directed by Steven Spielberg, and written by Zak Penn and Ernest Cline, based on Cline's 2011 novel of the same name. The film stars Tye Sheridan, Olivia Cooke, Ben Mendelsohn, Lena Waithe, T.J. Miller, Simon Pegg, and Mark Rylance. The film takes place in 2045, when much of humanity uses the virtual reality software OASIS to escape the desolation of the real world. Orphaned teenager Wade Watts (Sheridan) discovers clues to a hidden game within the program that promises the winner full ownership of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17736212", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One\"\nhe announces that if he wins he will share his fortune with his three friends. With Sorrento and his Sixers on his heels, Parzival plays \"\"Tempest,\"\" role-plays King Arthur and various characters in \"\"Monty Python and the Holy Grail\"\", and retrieves the Easter egg in \"\"Adventure\"\". His victory grants him control of the OASIS, including wiping out his enemies' avatars, resurrecting his friends, and a Big Red Button that would wipe OASIS. Sorrento is arrested for the murder of Daito and for conspiring to kill Wade and the others. Back in Oregon, Wade and Art3mis, whose actual name is Samantha,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937437", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One (film)\"\nlife, including his unrequited love for Morrow’s wife Kira and losing Morrow as a friend after forcing him to sign away his part of Gregarious Games. Using this information, they solve the first two challenges of Anorak's game: a car race across an ever-shifting Manhattan cityscape and a search for Kira in the Overlook Hotel from \"\"The Shining\"\". Aech and his friends Daito and Sho follow suit, the group becoming known as the \"\"High Five\"\" on the OASIS scoreboards. Sorrento learns of Parzival's identity through OASIS mercenary i-R0k, and attempts to sway Wade into joining IOI, but he refuses. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7300254", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One\"\nthe Solar Federation in the song \"\"2112\"\"), and after playing \"\"Discovery\"\", the third movement of the song, finds a clue regarding the conditions to unlock the final gate. As he messages Art3mis, Aech, and Shoto with his solution, Sorrento ends their covert attempts to clear the third gate, Castle Anorak on planet Chthonia, and places a force field around it. Wade manipulates his assumed identity in order to be arrested and placed in indentured servitude in IOI's tech support department. While inside IOI, he uses black market passwords and security exploits to hack into IOI's intranet: he acquires a wealth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937446", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One (film)\"\nthat overlooks the Birmingham City Centre skyline. Some of the city's landmark buildings were erased and replaced with CGI buildings to create a dystopian Ohio in the year 2045. Principal photography ended on September 27, 2016. Spielberg worked with Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) to oversee the film's visual effects, meeting with ILM for 3 hours three times a week. He has stated that \"\"[t]his is the most difficult movie I've done since \"\"Saving Private Ryan\"\".\"\" A significant part of the film takes place in a virtual space based on the Overlook Hotel in the film \"\"The Shining\"\". This was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937438", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One (film)\"\nretaliation, Sorrento has IOI's head of operations F'Nale Zandor bomb Wade's stack, killing Alice. Art3mis' player, Samantha Cook, rescues Wade, but they are soon found by IOI. Samantha is captured and forced into IOI's servitude, while Wade is extracted by the other High Five – Helen (Aech), Toshiro (Daito), and Zhou (Sho). The group tracks down Samantha's location at IOI, and they remotely help her escape, allowing her to assist them in the OASIS as Art3mis. The third challenge requires one to play Halliday's favorite Atari 2600 game, in a castle on Planet Doom, which Sorrento has protected with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4349732", "chunk_text": "\"Cory Doctorow\"\nfeatures a partially fictional version of Doctorow who lives in a hot air balloon up in the \"\"blogosphere\"\" (\"\"above the tag clouds\"\") and wears a red cape and goggles, such as in the comic \"\"Blagofaire\"\". When Doctorow won the 2007 EFF Pioneer Award, the presenters gave him a red cape, goggles and a balloon. The novel \"\"Ready Player One\"\" features a mention of Doctorow as being the newly re-elected President of the OASIS User Council (with Wil Wheaton as his Vice-President) in the year 2044, saying that, \"\"...those two geezers had been doing a kick-ass job of protecting user rights", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7300253", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One\"\ncompany's avatars with keys, and unlocks the second Gate and acquires the Jade Key. Shoto tells Parzival that the Sixers infiltrated Daito's real-life apartment and threw him out of the building, killing him. Parzival unlocks the Jade Gate, a Voight-Kampff machine by entering a privately-owned \"\"Blade Runner\"\"-themed bulding, and completes the arcade game \"\"Black Tiger\"\" as a character from the first-person shooter perspective, being given a virtual mecha as the prize and another clue: a red star in a circle. Using his knowledge of Rush, he acquires the Crystal Key on planet Syrinx (the red star being the symbol of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20278946", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One\"\nReady Player One Ready Player One is a 2011 science fiction novel, and the debut novel of American author Ernest Cline. The story, set in a dystopia in 2044, follows protagonist Wade Watts on his search for an Easter egg in a worldwide virtual reality game, the discovery of which will lead him to inherit the game creator's fortune. Cline sold the rights to publish the novel in June 2010, in a bidding war to the Crown Publishing Group (a division of Random House). The book was published on August 16, 2011. An audiobook was released the same day; it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7300255", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One\"\nof information, including footage of Daito's murder. The information also includes the attempt on his own life, as well as plans to force Shoto and Art3mis to work for IOI in real life, and kill them at the end of the contest (IOI doesn't know who Aech is due to him using a pseudonym). After escaping the corporation, he shares his information with his friends and publicizes a gathering of avatars to storm the castle. They are interrupted by Ogden Morrow, who offers them a safe haven at his home in Oregon. Wade meets the real-life Aech and Ogden, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937440", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One (film)\"\nMorrow signed to turn over his part of Gregarious and refuses. Anorak changes form, becomes Halliday, and reveals that the contract was the final test to make sure Parzival would not make the same mistakes he did. Parzival is given the Golden Egg and control of OASIS. In the real world, Sorrento and Zandor fail to stop Parzival before he wins; they are quickly arrested for the bombing. Morrow, revealed to have been the Curator, offers his services to Wade; he gladly accepts. Wade decides to run OASIS with the other High Five, agreeing to ban IOI from forcing people", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20278947", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One\"\nwas narrated by Wil Wheaton, who was mentioned briefly in one of the chapters. In 2012, the book received an Alex Award from the Young Adult Library Services Association division of the American Library Association and won the 2012 Prometheus Award. A film adaptation, screenwritten by Cline and Zak Penn and directed by Steven Spielberg, was released on March 29, 2018. In the 2040s, the world has been gripped by an energy crisis from the depletion of fossil fuels and the consequences of global warming and overpopulation, causing widespread social problems and economic stagnation. To escape the decline their world", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17734693", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One\"\nthe same virtual world as his own online high school, in a re-creation of the \"\"Dungeons & Dragons\"\" module \"\"Tomb of Horrors\"\". He meets Art3mis, a famous female gunter and blogger who has been exploring the place, and advances further than she does when he defeats the AI Acererak at the video game \"\"Joust\"\". He is awarded the Copper Key, and Parzival appears on the \"\"Scoreboard\"\", attracting the world's attention. Parzival completes the Copper Gate's puzzles by teleporting to planet Middletown, playing through the \"\"Dungeons of Daggorath\"\" video game in a recreation of Halliday's parents's house and then role-playing Matthew", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8458972", "chunk_text": "\"Adventure (Atari 2600)\"\ncombine them to form new items. In both the novel and film versions of \"\"Ready Player One\"\", the Easter egg in \"\"Adventure\"\" is prominently mentioned as the inspiration for a contest to find an Easter egg hidden in the fictional virtual reality game OASIS, and finding the secret room within \"\"Adventure\"\" is a core plot element within both versions. \"\"Adventure\"\" has been ported to or re-released on several platforms: Adventure (Atari 2600) Adventure is a video game for the Atari 2600 video game console, released in late –. In the game, the player controls a square avatar whose quest is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937439", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One (film)\"\nforce field. Parzival recruits other OASIS players to help the rebels attack the IOI forces around the castle. Art3mis deactivates the force field, allowing Parzival to reach the console, but Sorrento activates the Cataclyst, a bomb that kills all the avatars on Planet Doom. However, due to having won a coin from the Archive's Curator earlier, Parzival gets an extra life, proceeding to play through \"\"Adventure\"\" to find its Easter egg; he is awarded the last key. He opens the gate and is greeted by Anorak and given a contract to sign; however, he recognizes it as the same contract", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17736211", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One\"\nnot Art3mis and Shoto, who are already hooked into Ogden's immersion pods. The day of the battle, Wade uses his planted hack to bring down the barricade, and a massive fight among avatars ensues. After Parzival uses the mecha Leopardon (accompanied by Art3mis's Minerva X and Aech's Gundam) to fight against Sorrento's \"\"Mechagodzilla\"\" Kiryu, Parzival and friends unlock the gate, at which point the Sixers use an artifact called the Cataclyst to destroy the castle and all avatars over a large area. Parzival survives because having the \"\"Pac-Man\"\" quarter granted him an extra life. As he enters the Crystal Gate,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8170702", "chunk_text": "\"Oasis (2017 film)\"\nthe colony on the desert-like exoplanet, begging Peter to come to the colony. Peter travels to the colony and is initially received with scepticism by the crew as nobody had expected a chaplain to arrive, and there are doubts how a chaplain could be useful. Peter learns that there have been several lethal accidents that are believed to have been caused by hallucinations the colony members are experiencing, and that David Morgan has not returned from an exploration tour into the desert and is missing for several days. While Sara Keller goes jogging in the desert on one of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19129414", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One\"\nBroderick's character in the film \"\"WarGames\"\". Art3mis clears the gate shortly afterwards, as does Wade's friend Aech. Wade’s fame enables him to make a living by endorsing virtual products. It also brings him to the attention of Nolan Sorrento, head of operations at Innovative Online Industries (IOI), a multinational corporation bent on a well-funded effort to find the Easter egg in order to take control of the OASIS and monetize it. When Wade refuses to join IOI, Sorrento attempts to kill him by blowing up the stacks where Wade lives, killing his aunt and disguising the explosion as a meth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7300244", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One\"\nabandons Wade due to the competition being more personal for her. Five months pass. Neither Wade nor anyone else has found the next token, the Jade Key. When Art3mis finds the Jade Key, Parzival scrambles to planet Archaide, where he plays a perfect game of \"\"Pac-Man\"\", receiving only a quarter as a prize. Aech, who was the second player to find the Jade Key, provides a hint leading him to the planet Frobozz where he solves the text adventure game \"\"Zork\"\". Sorrento, who had tracked Art3mis and Aech using a premium locator artifact, establishes a base there to farm their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937434", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One (film)\"\nthe OASIS, and joins several allies to try to complete the game before a large company run by businessman Nolan Sorrento (Mendelsohn) can do so. \"\"Ready Player One\"\" premiered at South by Southwest in Austin, Texas on March 11, 2018, was theatrically released by Warner Bros. Pictures in the United States on March 29, 2018, in 2D, Real D 3D, IMAX and IMAX 3D. It grossed $582 million worldwide, making it the tenth-highest-grossing film of 2018. The film received generally positive reviews, critics praised its visuals, brisk pacing, both Sheridan's and Rylance's performances, and the many cultural references from various", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7377668", "chunk_text": "\"Oasis (2017 film)\"\nPaul Halloran experiences a vision of his dead horse, and attempting to reach for it, he steps into the operating drilling gear and is fatally wounded. The colony's crew and their leader, Danesh, conclude that the visions are not randomly caused by the environmental conditions but are some form of attack on the crew. Danesh invokes a state of alert and, with David Morgan missing, assumes the controlling position of the colony. Peter discovers a secret message in David Morgan's room and location coordinates. He takes a rover to go into the desert to the coordinate spot. He is stopped", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15064154", "chunk_text": "\"The Oasis (novel)\"\nmembers of the commune go strawberry picking on the outskirts of Utopia, only to find that a group of locals have beaten them to the site. When the Utopians ask the locals to leave some berries for them, the Utopians are rudely dismissed. Seeing their dismay, Joe Lockman fires blanks from his gun in order to ward the intruding locals away from Utopia. Lockman then insists everyone in Utopia padlock their front doors, prompting a commune-wide philosophical debate on the implications of privatizing property in Utopia. The discussion prompted by the intruders’ arrival grows broader and broader, with Katy and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12087596", "chunk_text": "Oasis\nthe upper layer. These palm trees provide shade for smaller trees like peach trees, which form the middle layer. By growing plants in different layers, the farmers make best use of the soil and water. Many vegetables are also grown and some cereals, such as barley, millet, and wheat, are grown where there is more moisture. In summary, an oasis palm grove is a highly anthropized and irrigated area that supports a traditionally intensive and polyculture-based agriculture. The oasis is integrated into its desert environment through an often close association with nomadic transhumant livestock farming (very often pastoral and sedentary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8170700", "chunk_text": "\"Oasis (2017 film)\"\nend. On arrival at the colony, Leigh discovers there have been a series of accidents, which are being blamed on hallucinations some colonists are experiencing. The method of space travel to the presumed exoplanet is not shown, but it requires a launch from Earth with a traditional rocket. The exoplanet is presented as covered by a desert-like landscape, apparently without vegetation or other forms of life, but having natural underground water resources and a breathable atmosphere. It is unclear how closely a prospective series would follow Faber's plot about a preacher teaching aliens about Christianity. The pilot premiered on Amazon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4885917", "chunk_text": "Oasis\nOasis In geography, an oasis (; plural: oases ) is the combination of a human settlement and a cultivated area (often a date palm grove) in a desert or semi-desert environment. Oases also provide habitat for animals and spontaneous plants. The word \"\"oasis\"\" came into English via from , which in turn is a direct borrowing from Demotic Egyptian. The word for \"\"oasis\"\" in the later attested Coptic language (the descendant of Demotic Egyptian) is \"\"wahe\"\" or \"\"ouahe\"\" which means a \"\"dwelling place\"\". Oases are made fertile when sources of freshwater, such as underground rivers or aquifers, irrigate the surface", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937443", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One (film)\"\nin a visual format, such as when Wade beats a high score in \"\"Pac-Man\"\", or recites all the lines from the film \"\"WarGames\"\". Three actresses were top-runners for the role of Art3mis: Elle Fanning, Olivia Cooke, and Lola Kirke; In September 2015, Cooke was announced as having been cast in the coveted female lead role. In January 2016, Ben Mendelsohn joined the cast. In February 2016, Tye Sheridan was confirmed as playing the lead role of Wade, after a lengthy nationwide casting call failed to produce an unknown for the part. In March 2016, Simon Pegg joined the cast. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15064149", "chunk_text": "\"The Oasis (novel)\"\nof the “abstract idealism of intellectuals” and their inability to enact actual change. Set in the near future following 1949, \"\"The Oasis\"\" depicts a group of fifty radical and liberal intellectuals who venture into the mountains of New England to create a shared living commune (aptly named, “Utopia”). Already present in Utopia's formation, however, is a deep ideological schism between two rivaling factions: the cynical Realists and self-righteous Purists. The Realists, led by the embittered former Marxist William Taub, anticipate the experiment to end in little more than a summer vacation, awaiting Utopia's eventual demise, while the Purists, led by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2389676", "chunk_text": "\"Virtual reality in fiction\"\nseries of 4 novels by Tad Williams, published from 1996 to 2001 and set in the 2070s, shows a world where the Internet has become accessible via virtual reality. More recently, the 2011 novel \"\"Ready Player One\"\" by Ernest Cline is about a virtual reality system called the OASIS that people use to escape from the grim reality of a dying Earth in 2045 The concept of virtual reality was popularized in mass media by movies such as \"\"Brainstorm\"\" (1983) and \"\"The Lawnmower Man\"\" (1993). The \"\".hack\"\" multimedia franchise is based on a virtual reality MMORPG dubbed \"\"The World\"\". The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937441", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One (film)\"\ninto servitude and to shut down the OASIS twice a week for everyone to spend more time in the real world. Meanwhile, he and Samantha move into an apartment together. Additionally, Susan Lynch portrays Alice, Wade's aunt; Ralph Ineson portrays Rick, Alice's abusive boyfriend; Perdita Weeks portrays Karen \"\"Kira\"\" Underwood, Morrow's wife; and Clare Higgins portrays Mrs. Gilmore, Wade's neighbor. Warner Bros. and De Line Pictures won an auction for the rights to Ernest Cline's novel \"\"Ready Player One\"\" in 2010, before it had been published. Cline was set to write the script for the film, which Donald De Line", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5778808", "chunk_text": "\"Ever Oasis\"\ngets kidnapped and his oasis falls to Chaos. As you journey to find more residents you fight the creatures that have been taken over by Chaos. On your adventure you discover several villages belonging to other races, such as the Drauk, the Serkah and the Lagora. Together with new allies, you must work together to create the perfect Oasis as Tethu/Tethi continues to uncover the mystery of what happened to his/her brother. In the game, players try to build a prosperous oasis by completing missions in dungeons and caves in the desert. Players can form a party of up to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13440856", "chunk_text": "\"Oasis (video game)\"\nOasis (video game) Oasis is a turn-based strategy video game developed by American studio Mind Control Software and published for Microsoft Windows by PlayFirst in April 2005. Konami released a mobile phone port in 2006 and Electrified Games released an iPad version, renamed as Defense of the Oasis, in 2010. \"\"Oasis\"\" is casual game set in ancient Egypt that combines \"\"Civilization\"\"-style strategy and puzzle gameplay. \"\"Oasis\"\" \"\"has been described as \"\"Civilization\"\" meets \"\"Minesweeper\"\"\"\". Each level of \"\"Oasis\"\" consists of a single screen with a 10x10 grid of randomly generated terrain. Initially the map is covered with fog of war, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15064148", "chunk_text": "\"The Oasis (novel)\"\nThe Oasis (novel) \"\"The Oasis\"\" is a short satirical novel by American writer Mary McCarthy. Published by Random House in 1949, it is McCarthy's second novel. Described by McCarthy as a “conte philosophique,” it tells the story of a group of embattled intellectuals, their quest to establish a Utopian community in the mountains of New England, and their failure to surmount ideological and personal differences for the greater good of the commune. Doubling as a roman à clef, \"\"The Oasis\"\" borrows heavily from McCarthy's experiences and frustrations with the short lived European-American Group, and serves more broadly as a critique", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8777351", "chunk_text": "\"Defenders of Oasis\"\nHe sent his servant, the Snake King Zahhark, to attack the kingdom of Shanadar founded by Jamseed. Jamseed was killed and the world reverted to an age of darkness. When 1000 years had passed, a warrior named Fallidoon defeated Zahhark and brought peace back to the world. When the world had all but forgotten these events, an empire called Eflaat rose up... Shanadar once again had to stand up and fight for peace... The central character is the prince of Shanadar. Along the game player gains three more characters: the Genie of the lamp, a sailor boy named Saleem and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12087597", "chunk_text": "Oasis\npopulations are clearly distinguished). However, the oasis is emancipated from the desert by a very particular social and ecosystem structure. Responding to environmental constraints, it is an integrated agriculture that is conducted with the superposition (in its typical form) of two or three strata creating what is called the \"\"oasis effect \"\" : Oasis In geography, an oasis (; plural: oases ) is the combination of a human settlement and a cultivated area (often a date palm grove) in a desert or semi-desert environment. Oases also provide habitat for animals and spontaneous plants. The word \"\"oasis\"\" came into English via", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7377665", "chunk_text": "\"Oasis (2017 film)\"\nVideo on 17 March 2017; future episodes may be ordered depending on the popularity of the pilot. The pilot episode reached an average rating of 4.8/5 by Amazon Video users in December 2017. The pilot was written by Matt Charman (Oscar-nominated for \"\"Bridge of Spies\"\") and directed by Kevin Macdonald. In London, in 2032, society and public order have largely collapsed and there is a shortage of food and supplies. After the death of his wife Bea, chaplain Peter Leigh is contacted by USIC executive Vivian Hades and shown a video call by David Morgan, USIC co-owner and founder of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14175121", "chunk_text": "\"Ernest Cline\"\nErnest Cline Ernest Christy Cline (born March 29, 1972) is an American novelist, slam poet, and screenwriter. He is known for his novels \"\"Ready Player One\"\" and \"\"Armada\"\"; he also co-wrote the screenplay for the film adaptation of \"\"Ready Player One\"\", directed by Steven Spielberg. Cline was born in Ashland, Ohio, the son of Faye Imogene (Williams) and Ernest Christy Cline. His younger brother, Eric, is a Major in United States Marine Corps, specializing as an EOD (Explosive Ordnance Disposal) Technician. From 1997 to 2001, Cline performed his original work at Austin Poetry Slam venues. He was the Austin Poetry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5030735", "chunk_text": "\"Oasis maze\"\nOasis maze The oasis maze is a spatial memory task used in psychology and neuroscience research and is the dry version of the Morris water navigation task. It is a land-based spatial memory task in which a thirsty rat uses distal spatial cues to search an open field for a specific location (Oasis) containing water. The maze consists of an enclosed space (usually the same shape and dimensions of the space used in the Morris water maze) in which a small amount of water is hidden. A thirsty rat is then placed in the maze and learns where the water", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937445", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One (film)\"\nvan chase that takes place towards the film's end. The chase was edited to make the street appear longer than it actually is. The backpackers hostel Hatters, also on Livery Street, was used for internal filming for a basement scene. The Ludgate Hill Car Park lot on Lionel Street, in which caravan homes were partially built was also used and a planned explosion there caused some local business and homes to call emergency services, as no prior notification were given by the production team. Other locations in the city included the former industrial area of Digbeth, in a rooftop scene", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13769858", "chunk_text": "\"Characters of Sluggy Freelance\"\nN'aaaw. Oasis first appeared on September 22, 1999. She is a pyrokinetic gymnast assassin who is brainwashed to be madly in love with Torg and will kill anyone in her path. She has no memory of her life prior to being brainwashed to love Torg. It was revealed in a September 2006 story that she was dropped off at an orphanage at Virginia at age six by a \"\"crazy-looking man\"\", before being adopted by Dr. Steven Hereti a month later; she was just as capable an assassin back then, and did abstract art. It is known that before this, she", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937444", "chunk_text": "\"Ready Player One (film)\"\nApril 2016, Mark Rylance joined the cast, and in June 2016, T.J. Miller, Hannah John-Kamen and Win Morisaki also joined. In July 2016, Philip Zhao joined the cast, and Lena Waithe, Ralph Ineson, McKenna Grace, and Letitia Wright were later also announced to have been cast. Production was set to begin in July 2016. Screenwriter Zak Penn tweeted on July 1, 2016 that the first week of filming had been completed. In August and September 2016, filming took place in Birmingham, England; this included Livery Street in the Jewellery Quarter area of the city, which was extensively used, including the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "38222", "chunk_text": "\"Oasis (software)\"\nOasis (software) Oasis is a piece of software developed by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) that converts audio signals such as cellphone calls and television and radio broadcasts into readable and searchable text. It is designed to intelligently analyze an audio signal such as a cellphone call in order to identify and label each speaker (Male 1, Male 2, Female 1, and so forth). Oasis is also able to intelligently reference terms, such as by linking \"\"car bomb\"\" with \"\"terrorism\"\". Oasis will eventually be able to recognize key languages such as Arabic and Chinese, as well as English.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "38223", "chunk_text": "\"Oasis (software)\"\nOasis (software) Oasis is a piece of software developed by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) that converts audio signals such as cellphone calls and television and radio broadcasts into readable and searchable text. It is designed to intelligently analyze an audio signal such as a cellphone call in order to identify and label each speaker (Male 1, Male 2, Female 1, and so forth). Oasis is also able to intelligently reference terms, such as by linking \"\"car bomb\"\" with \"\"terrorism\"\". Oasis will eventually be able to recognize key languages such as Arabic and Chinese, as well as English.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5778807", "chunk_text": "\"Ever Oasis\"\nEver Oasis Ever Oasis is an action-adventure role-playing video game developed by Grezzo and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 3DS video game console. The game was released in North America, Europe, and Australia in June 2017, and in Japan the following month. The game is compatible with all devices in the Nintendo 3DS family, and does use functions of the New Nintendo 3DS. It is not compatible with the Circle Pad Pro. \"\"Ever Oasis\"\" tells the story of Tethu/Tethi, a young Seedling, who with the help of a Water Spirit named Esna creates an oasis after Tethu/Tethi's brother Nour", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13101279", "chunk_text": "\"The Wonderful 101\"\nwith one person utilizing the GamePad and the four others using their own Wii U Pro Controller. The game takes place during a third war between Earth and an alien terrorist organization –called the Geathjerk Federation– that has invaded the planet. The only hope for humanity is the Wonderful Ones, a group of superheroes working for the CENTINELS Planetary Secret Service, an organization created by the United Nations. The main protagonists are Will Wedgewood (Wonder-Red), a Blossom City elementary school teacher and the leader of the Wonderful Ones, whose father Arthur is killed by Laambo; Eliot Hooker (Wonder-Blue), a police", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3383	what was the name of the horse in steptoe and son?	n/a	[ "Hercules" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13895110", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son Ride Again\"\nvicar runs off and meets Harold looking like he himself is one of the undead. Back home, the Steptoes discover that the insurance claim would have paid out to Harold after all, due to a clause that Albert had put in the policy if his mistress ever married. He cashes the policy in and receives £876. They pay off their debt and buy a new horse with new riding equipment, but to Albert's horror, Harold invests the rest of the money in a part share of a race horse. He discovers that his partner is called H.M. Queen. Steptoe and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13895104", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son Ride Again\"\nSteptoe and Son Ride Again Steptoe and Son Ride Again is a 1973 comedy film. It is a sequel to the film \"\"Steptoe and Son\"\" (1972) based on the television series. Again the film starred Wilfrid Brambell and Harry H. Corbett. The Steptoes have retired their horse - because the horse is lame, after having to pull the cart (and Harold) home from York, after the horse walked into the back of a removal van which then drove off - and plan to buy a new one with Albert's life savings of £80, putting £9 away for \"\"emergencies\"\". Harold sends", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1184564", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son\"\n\"\"Steptoe and Son in Murder at Oil Drum Lane\"\", written by Ray Galton and John Antrobus, brought the storyline to a close. The series was one of the first UK situation comedy programmes to employ actors rather than comedians in the principal roles. Galton and Simpson had decided that they wanted to try to write for performers who \"\"didn't count their laughs\"\". The series' title music, \"\"Old Ned\"\", won its composer Ron Grainer his second successive Ivor Novello award. The series had no standard set of opening titles but the opening sequences would often feature the Steptoe's horse, Hercules. \"\"Steptoe", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14268308", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son (film)\"\nSteptoe and Son (film) Steptoe and Son is a 1972 British comedy drama film and a spin-off from the popular British television comedy series of the same name about father-and-son rag-and-bone dealers. It starred Wilfrid Brambell and Harry H. Corbett as the eponymous characters, Albert and Harold Steptoe respectively. It also features Carolyn Seymour. A sequel, \"\"Steptoe and Son Ride Again\"\", was released the following year. During a gentlemen's evening at a local football club, Harold meets one of the acts, a stripper called Zita. After a whirlwind romance the couple are married, although the actual wedding ceremony is delayed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7784675", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son\"\nremaining of the iconic entrance gates through which the horse and cart were frequently driven. The episodes often revolve around (sometimes violent) disagreements between the two men, Harold's attempts to bed women and momentary interest over things found on his round. As in many of the best examples of British comedy, much of the humour derives from the pathos of the protagonists' situation, especially Harold's continually thwarted (usually by the elder Steptoe) attempts to \"\"better himself\"\" and the unresolvable love/hate relationship that exists between the pair. Albert almost always comes out on top, and routinely and effortlessly proves himself easily", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "248412", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son (film)\"\nmeeting Zita again some months later Harold finds that she is pregnant, and she says Harold is the father. Harold offers to take care of them both, but on returning home Albert makes sure that Zita feels unwelcome and she flees. A short while later a baby appears in the horse's stable. This scene parodies the Nativity, with the Three Wise Men bearing gifts replaced by three tramps selling rags, and the Star of Bethlehem being represented by the lights of an airliner. It appears that the child is Zita's. They name the child after the priest who officiates the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13895105", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son Ride Again\"\nAlbert home and returns several hours later drunk and introduces Hercules the Second, a short sighted racing greyhound. Harold reveals to Albert that he purchased this from local gangster and loan shark Frankie Barrow for the £80 plus a further £200 owing on top. Furthermore, he plans to pay a small fortune to keep it fed on egg and steak. They eventually have to sell all of their possessions to have one final bet on their dog at the races to try to pay off the money they owe. When their dog loses, they just about lose hope when Albert", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1184565", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son\"\nand Son\"\" is the Steptoes' trading name, but as established in the first episode, the \"\"Son\"\" is not Harold as initially believed, but Albert. The name dates from when he and his mother—Mrs. Steptoe—worked the rounds. The first series has the pair as very rough looking and often dirty and wearing ragged clothes, but they quickly \"\"tidied up\"\" for later series. Outside filming of the Steptoe's yard took place at a car breakers' yard in Norland Gardens, London W11, then changing to Stable Way, Latimer Road, for the later series. Both sites have subsequently been redeveloped with no evidence now", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7784669", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son\"\nen zoon\"\" and in Portugal as \"\"Camilo & Filho\"\". In 1972, a film adaptation of the series, \"\"Steptoe and Son\"\", was released in cinemas, followed by a sequel \"\"Steptoe and Son Ride Again\"\" in 1973. The series focused on the inter-generational conflict of father and son. Albert Steptoe, a \"\"dirty old man\"\", is an elderly rag-and-bone man, set in his grimy and grasping ways. By contrast, his 37-year-old son Harold is filled with social aspirations, not to say pretensions. The show contained elements of drama and tragedy, as Harold was continually prevented from achieving his ambitions. To this end, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5171569", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son in Murder at Oil Drum Lane\"\nand in the argument they fly into the sky on their old wagon, pulled by their old horse Hercules, arguing over which one will go to Heaven. Steptoe and Son in Murder at Oil Drum Lane Steptoe and Son in Murder at Oil Drum Lane is a play written by Ray Galton and John Antrobus that brought the \"\"Steptoe and Son\"\" saga to an end. It was first performed in 2005. The title of the play was borrowed from the Swedish 1982 play \"\"Albert & Herbert: Mordet på Skolgatan 15\"\" (meaning \"\"Albert & Harold : The Murder at Skolgatan 15\"\")", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14268309", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son (film)\"\nwhen Albert, acting as best man, loses the ring somewhere in the yard. They eventually find it in a pile of horse manure, and since they have no time to clean up their arrival in church is met with looks of disgust. Harold and Zita fly to Spain for their honeymoon, but Albert refuses to be left behind. This causes Harold considerable frustration and begins to drive a wedge between him and Zita. When they are finally left alone and are beginning to consummate their marriage they are interrupted by Albert's cries of distress from the adjoining room, and discover", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13895106", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son Ride Again\"\nbrings up that he had saved £1,000 in a life insurance policy. Harold then schemes to get the money from his father by faking his death. They find an old mannequin among their collection of junk and fit it around Albert's body. They then call Dr. Popplewell, a known alcoholic doctor, who's drunk at the time of seeing Albert and he announces that Albert has died. Harold then brings home a coffin that he has been saving for the inevitable day that his father would actually die. The next day, the gangsters turn up to collect the outstanding debt, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13895109", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son Ride Again\"\nto life. However once inside the coffin, Albert falls into a deep sleep and nothing seems to wake him up. Harold tries to wake him several times during the journey to the cemetery, however on the way he is hit in the head by the back door of a removal truck. They decide to take Harold to the hospital and carry on to the funeral without him. At the hospital Harold runs away and gets a taxi to the cemetery. There Harold accidentally smashes into a tomb and whilst being buried Albert finally wakes up and frightens everyone away. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "248413", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son (film)\"\nchristening. Unfortunately for Harold, he is also called Albert. Harold compromises by naming him Albert Jeremy and calling him Jeremy thereafter, although Albert Sr. insists on calling him Albert. Zita apparently returns and takes the baby back while Albert, who should be looking after him, is asleep. Harold tries to find her and comes across her stripping in a local rugby club where she is soon forced into the scrum of cheering rugby players. Attempting to save her, Harold is beaten up and is only rescued when Zita's musician saves him. Hustled into a back room he hears a baby's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7784668", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son\"\nSteptoe and Son Steptoe and Son is a British sitcom written by Ray Galton and Alan Simpson about a father-and-son rag-and-bone business. They live at Oil Drum Lane, a fictional street in Shepherd's Bush, London. Four series were broadcast by the BBC from 1962–65, followed by a second run from 1970-74. The theme tune, \"\"Old Ned\"\", was composed by Ron Grainer. The series was voted 15th in a 2004 poll by the BBC to find \"\"Britain's Best Sitcom\"\". It was remade in the United States as \"\"Sanford and Son\"\", in Sweden as \"\"Albert & Herbert\"\", in the Netherlands as \"\"Stiefbeen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7477061", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son Ride Again\"\nbecause of a difficult visit to the lavatory which is what caused him to die. Later on an entire army of mourners come to the Steptoe household. Along with them Mr Russell from the insurance company enters. Harold meets him to collect the proceeds - only to find out that all of the insurance money is to go to a lover that Albert met in 1949 while Harold was in the army in Malaya. A furious Harold asks why he didn't cancel the insurance plan and Albert's only excuse is \"\"I forgot.\"\" Harold concocts a way of bringing Albert back", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7784679", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son\"\nbut then finds his passport is out of date. His father must go alone, and Harold, tearfully it seems, waves him off to enjoy a potential good time without him. Harold trudges away, only to jump in a car with a woman to drive off on his own holiday, revealing that he had engineered the whole situation from the beginning. A victory, but only a temporary one, the viewers know that once their holidays end they will return to the familiar status quo once more. Both of the main actors used voices considerably different from their own. Brambell, despite being", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13895107", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son Ride Again\"\nafter some intimidation Harold manages to stave them off when he shows that Albert has \"\"died\"\" and they will get their money when the insurance policy pays out. Later on, old friends of Albert's come to visit and pay their respects to Albert. They announce that they have arranged a funeral for him and this isn't good news for either of the Steptoes. Later one of Albert's friends ask if he could look at him for a final time. Knowing that the coffin is actually full of scrap metal, Harold makes the excuse that his father's face is all distorted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8848240", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son (film)\"\nthat he has contracted food poisoning from some of the local cuisine. Harold is forced to fly home with Albert, leaving Zita in Spain. Back home Albert makes a suspiciously fast recovery while Harold waits for Zita to write. When he finally receives a letter from her, the news is not what he had hoped for; after trying unsuccessfully for several days to get a plane back to England she has taken up with a British holiday rep at the Spanish hotel. Harold is heartbroken, and, despite his earlier scheming to get rid of Zita, Albert is genuinely sympathetic. On", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7784685", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son\"\nand Son\"\" and \"\"Steptoe and Son Ride Again\"\". A boxed set of Series 1–8 and the two Christmas specials was released on Region 2 DVD by 2entertain on 29 October 2007. Also, 52 episodes were remade for BBC Radio, initially on the Light Programme in 1966–67 and later Radio 2 from 1971 to 1976. A special one-off remake of the \"\"A Winter's Tale\"\" episode aired on BBC Four on 14 September 2016, as part of the BBC's Lost Sitcom season recreating lost episodes of classic sitcoms. In 1977, Brambell and Corbett appeared in character for two television ads for Ajax", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7784677", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son\"\nas a result of his unrealistic, straw-clutching ideas. Occasionally the tables are turned, but overall the old man is the winner, albeit in a graceless fashion. Harold is infuriated by these persistent frustrations and defeats, even going to the extent in \"\"Divided We Stand\"\" (1972) of partitioning the house in two so that he does not have to share with his selfish, uncultured and negative father. Predictably, his plan ends in failure and ultimately he can see no way out. However, for all the bitterness there is an essential bond between the pair. Deep down, Albert seems to love his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19842004", "chunk_text": "\"Equipoise (horse)\"\nEquipoise stood as a stallion for only four seasons before his death on August 4, 1938, at the age of ten. Four years later, the success of his progeny, notably the Kentucky Derby and Belmont Stakes winner Shut Out, saw him named America's Champion sire. In \"\"Fugue for Tinhorns,\"\" the opening number of the musical Guys and Dolls, Equipoise is referred to as the great-grandfather of one of the song's fictional racehorses. Equipoise is also one of the racing mice in the movie Stalag 17. Equipoise (horse) Equipoise (1928–1938) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In a career which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8070789", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son in Murder at Oil Drum Lane\"\nBritish sitcom in the 1960s and 1970s. Ray Galton had been one of the two writers of the original series, and he co-wrote this play. It brought an end to the \"\"Steptoe and Son\"\" saga, explaining the two protagonists' lives together and their deaths. The year is 2005. Steptoe's old house is now the property of the National Trust. Harold Steptoe, now in his 70s, visits the place but gets shut in after closing time. Through his monologue, the audience discovers that he eventually killed his father by throwing a spear at him when he was sitting on the toilet.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7784693", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son\"\nand Alan Simpson, with David Pibworth and are available for production on www.classiccomedyscripts.co.uk Performed in 2012 and 2013 by Kneehigh Theatre, \"\"Steptoe and Son\"\" was adapted from four of the show's original scripts. The production was designed to highlight the Beckettian nature of Albert and Harold's situation, focusing on themes of over-reliance and being trapped within social class. The production toured the UK and received positive reviews from the \"\"Financial Times\"\" and three stars from \"\"The Guardian\"\"'s Lynn Gardner. In Australia, Season 1 was released in 2004, Season 2 and Season 3 in 2006, Season 4 and Season 5 in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1184574", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son\"\nafter typecasting limited his choice of work. Brambell, meanwhile, was a homosexual, something that in the 1960s was still frowned upon and, until the Sexual Offences Act 1967, illegal and was thus driven underground. The documentary went on to describe an ill-fated final tour of Australia, during which the already strained relationship between Corbett and Brambell finally broke down for good. In October 2005, Ray Galton and John Antrobus premiered their play, \"\"Steptoe and Son in Murder at Oil Drum Lane\"\", at the Theatre Royal, York. It then went on tour across the country. It was set in the present", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7784687", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son\"\nSon\"\" focuses on Harold getting married but still not being able to get away from his father. Due to popular demand another film, \"\"Steptoe and Son Ride Again\"\", was released in 1973. \"\"When Steptoe Met Son\"\" was a 2002 Channel 4 documentary about the personal lives of Wilfrid Brambell and Harry H. Corbett. It aired on 20 August 2002. The programme reveals how Brambell and Corbett were highly dissimilar to their on-screen characters. Corbett felt he had a promising career as a serious actor, but was trapped by his role as Harold and forced to keep returning to the series", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13865326", "chunk_text": "\"Barefoot (horse)\"\nPontefract Racecourse. Ridden by J Garbutt, he won the race from Sir W. Milner's colt Harpooner. Barefoot made his first appearance as a three-year-old at York Racecourse on 19 May when he contested the \"\"Spring St Leger Stakes\"\". The success of the St Leger at Doncaster had led other major courses, including York and Newmarket to use the name for their own long distance races for three-year-olds; the original race was renamed the \"\"Great St Leger\"\" for several years to distinguish itself from the imitators. Barefoot started favourite and won \"\"cleverly\"\" from Sir Anthony and Harpooner. He returned to York", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18340341", "chunk_text": "\"Hot to Trot\"\nbuck-toothed horse named Don and one half of a stock brokerage firm from his dead mother. He discovers Don is a talking horse (who can also speak the language of several other animals) that belonged to his deceased father. His stepfather Walter Sawyer (Coleman) offers to buy out Chaney's share of the business for a paltry sum, but Chaney refuses. Instead Chaney returns Don to his talking-horse family in the countryside and claims his place as partner at the firm. Chaney takes over an office and begins working as a broker, much to the chagrin of Sawyer. Don the horse", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14268317", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son (film)\"\ncries but when he pulls back a curtain a mixed-race baby is there instead. It turns out that Zita and her musician, who is black, are now a couple. Harold then learns that he is not, after all, the father of her first child. The film had investment from the Robert Stigwood Organisation. The film was popular at the box office and made a profit of five times its cost. Steptoe and Son (film) Steptoe and Son is a 1972 British comedy drama film and a spin-off from the popular British television comedy series of the same name about father-and-son", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17809965", "chunk_text": "\"Harry H. Corbett\"\nHarry H. Corbett Harry H. Corbett, OBE (28 February 1925 – 21 March 1982) was an English actor and comedian. Corbett is best known for his co-starring role in the popular and long-running BBC Television sitcom \"\"Steptoe and Son\"\" which was first broadcast from 1962–1965 and 1970–1974. Corbett, the youngest of seven children, was born in Rangoon, Burma, where his father, George Corbett (1885/86–1943), was serving as a company quartermaster sergeant in the South Staffordshire Regiment of the British Army, stationed at a cantonment as part of the Colonial defence forces. Corbett was sent to Britain after his mother, Caroline", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18960067", "chunk_text": "\"Clydesdale horse\"\nthe Duke of Hamilton. Another prominent stallion was a coach horse stallion of unknown lineage named Blaze. Written pedigrees were kept of these foals beginning in the early 19th century, and in 1806, a filly, later known as \"\"Lampits mare\"\" after the farm name of her owner, was born that traced her lineage to the black stallion. This mare is listed in the ancestry of almost every Clydesdale living today. One of her foals was Thompson's Black Horse (known as Glancer), which was to have a significant influence on the Clydesdale breed. The first recorded use of the name \"\"Clydesdale\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6053190", "chunk_text": "\"The Moon Stallion\"\ntakes his two children, Diana and Paul, with him. Arriving at the railway station they are collected by the squire's groom, 'Todman', and driven by pony and trap to his estate. On the way they briefly encounter the Moon Stallion, a white horse living wild on the moors, whom Diana is aware of despite her being blind. It transpires that the horse is the mystical messenger of the moon goddess and connected to the story of Merlin. Diana and Paul, with Estelle the daughter of the Sir George, discover that Mortenhurse and Todaman seek to capture the horse. Todman, who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18842330", "chunk_text": "\"War Horse (film)\"\nDreamWorks Pictures and released worldwide by Touchstone Pictures, \"\"War Horse\"\" became a box-office success and was met with positive reviews. The film was nominated for six Academy Awards including Best Picture, two Golden Globe Awards and five BAFTAs. In 1912, a teenage boy named Albert Narracott (Jeremy Irvine) from Devon, England, witnesses the birth of a bay Thoroughbred foal and subsequently watches with admiration the growth of the young horse. Much to the dismay of his mother Rose (Emily Watson), his father Ted (Peter Mullan) buys the colt at an auction, outbidding their landlord Lyons (David Thewlis) and despite them", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15277555", "chunk_text": "\"Lexington (horse)\"\nBoston (by Timoleon by Sir Archy) from Alice Carneal by Sarpedon. He was inbred in the third and fourth generations (3m × 4f) to Sir Archy. Lexington stood 15 hands (63 inches), high, and was described as having good conformation plus an excellent disposition. Under the name of \"\"Darley\"\" Lexington easily won his first two races for Dr. Warfield and his partner, \"\"Burbridge's Harry\"\", a former slave turned well-known horse trainer. Burbridge, being black, was not allowed to enter \"\"Darley\"\" in races in his own name, so the horse ran in Dr. Warfield's name and colors. He caught the eye", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8422225", "chunk_text": "\"Daniel O'Rourke (horse)\"\nand 1856. Daniel O'Rourke was the first foal of the mare Forget Me Not, who went on to produce five other winners. Bowes sent the colt into training with John Scott who trained forty classic winners from his base at Malton, North Yorkshire. Daniel O'Rourke was named after a character in an Irish fairy tale who was carried to the moon by an eagle: his sire was often known as \"\"Irish Birdcatcher\"\". Daniel O'Rourke made his debut on 16 September in one of the season's most important two-year-old races, the £775 Champagne Stakes at Doncaster in which he finished second,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "978170", "chunk_text": "Authaal\nas a breeding stallion in Japan but had little success as a sire of winners. Authaal was a bay stallion with a broad white blaze and three white socks bred in Kentucky by the Swettenham Stud. He came from the first and only crop of foals sired by Shergar who won The Derby, Irish Derby and the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes in 1981. Shergar was kidnapped from his owner's stud farm in 1983 and never seen again: it is generally believed that he was killed by his captors who were members of the Provisional IRA. Authaal's dam", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5454061", "chunk_text": "\"Voltigeur (horse)\"\nFlatman dropped his whip, and The Flying Dutchman moved up level and then pulled ahead to win by a length. The painting of the finish of the match by John F. Herring (right) became one of the most widely reproduced images of the time with \"\"scarcely a village\"\" in the British Empire being without at least one copy. One day after his defeat, Voltigeur turned out for the York and Ainsty Hunt Cup over two miles (3.2 km), in which he was surprisingly beaten by a three-year-old filly named Nancy. Voltigeur was successful on his five-year-old debut on 20 April", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6091385", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Spigot\"\nwinning 53 races out of 172 starts. Before the horse's racing career, Powlett suggested that the colt be named \"\"Jack Faucet\"\" in honour of John Faucet. Faucet objected to the choice on the grounds that the horse was a good candidate for winning that year's St. Leger. Powlett allegedly quipped, \"\"Well John, a Faucet's nothing without a Spigot\"\" and the colt was subsequently named \"\"Jack Spigot.\"\" Jack Spigot was the first horse that John F. Herring painted from life and the artist painted several portraits of the racehorse during and after his racing career. Jack Spigot was trained at Middleham", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5135921", "chunk_text": "\"The Curse of Steptoe\"\nThe Curse of Steptoe The Curse of Steptoe is a television play which was first broadcast on 19 March 2008 on BBC Four as part of a season of dramas about television personalities. It stars Jason Isaacs as Harry H. Corbett and Phil Davis as Wilfrid Brambell. The drama centres on the actors' on- and off-screen relationship during the making of the BBC sitcom \"\"Steptoe and Son\"\", and is based on interviews with colleagues, friends and family of the actors, and the \"\"Steptoe\"\" writers, Ray Galton and Alan Simpson. The screenplay was written by Brian Fillis, also responsible for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10275576", "chunk_text": "\"Son of Love\"\nSon of Love Son of Love (foaled 24 April 1976) was a French Thoroughbred racehorse best known for winning the classic St Leger Stakes in 1979. After winning two races (including the Prix Isonomy) as a two-year-old, the horse lost his next eleven races before winning the St Leger as a 20/1 outsider. The rest of his career was undistinguished, as he failed to win in seventeen subsequent races. Son of Love was a chestnut horse with a small white star and a white sock on his left hind leg bred in France by the Haras du Hoguenet. He was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1184562", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son\"\nfourth in the series, \"\"The Offer\"\", was born both out of writer's block and budgetary constraints. Earlier shows in the series had cost more than expected, so the writers decided to write a two-hander set in one room. The idea of two brothers was considered but father and son worked best. Ronald Fraser was second choice for Harold, which would have produced a totally different character. Galton and Simpson were not aiming to make a pilot for a series, having worked for seven years with Hancock. However, Tom Sloan, the BBC's head of comedy, told them during rehearsals that \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7495900", "chunk_text": "\"Whalebone (horse)\"\n1830, the year preceding his death, and he stood at Petworth for the entirety of his 16-year stud career. Whalebone sired The Derby winners Lap-dog, Spaniel and may have been the sire of Moses. Other notable sons are Sir Hercules and Camel, the sire of Touchstone. In his later years, Whalebone developed chronic foot problems due to his poor hoof conformation. His groom, Dryman, commented on his condition, \"\"His feet were so contracted and high on the heel, and became so Chinese boot-like and full of fever at last, that he never moved out of his box.\"\" Whalebone \"\"broke a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5171568", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son in Murder at Oil Drum Lane\"\nopens the door and is stabbed by the spear. The flashbacks end. Harold finds it in his heart to forgive Albert. It is then that he has a heart attack (due to finding the Bible was hidden for safe measures, not destroyed, yet over time it had been chewed and ripped) and becomes a ghost along with Albert. The next morning, his body is discovered, and Joyce, who has become a nun, asks for him to be buried next to his father, much to Harold's annoyance. Albert accidentally tells Harold that Joyce and he aren't really related. Harold is furious", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17809980", "chunk_text": "\"Harry H. Corbett\"\nmembers of Theatre Workshop, where he worked. Harry H. Corbett Harry H. Corbett, OBE (28 February 1925 – 21 March 1982) was an English actor and comedian. Corbett is best known for his co-starring role in the popular and long-running BBC Television sitcom \"\"Steptoe and Son\"\" which was first broadcast from 1962–1965 and 1970–1974. Corbett, the youngest of seven children, was born in Rangoon, Burma, where his father, George Corbett (1885/86–1943), was serving as a company quartermaster sergeant in the South Staffordshire Regiment of the British Army, stationed at a cantonment as part of the Colonial defence forces. Corbett was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2420699", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Spigot\"\nJack Spigot Jack Spigot (4 May 1818 –June 1843) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse that won the 1821 St. Leger Stakes and was a sire in the early 19th century. His paternity is attributed to either Ardrossan or Marmion. His mother was a blind mare with a difficult temperament, whose unpredictable behavior necessitated that he be raised by a foster mare. He was named after one of his owner's tenant farmers, Jack Faucet. He won four of his six career starts before being retired from racing in early 1823. He is not considered to be a good sire. Jack Spigot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8657954", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Ridsdale\"\ninto obscurity. One of the stallions at Ridsdale's stud had been \"\"Tramp\"\", purchased in 1830 from Frederick Lumley Savile, of Tickhill Castle. \"\"Tramp\"\" had been the sire of Ridsdale's Derby winner, \"\"St. Giles\"\" who was out of the dam \"\"Arcot Lass\"\". In 1835 \"\"Tramp\"\" was gifted away by Ridsdale (due to the animal's failing health) and replaced by Lord Fitzwilliam’s \"\"Mulatto\"\". One of the horses that \"\"Mulatto\"\" served was \"\"Arcot Lass\"\" (owner by Mr Cattle) and the resulting foal was \"\"Bloomsbury\"\", who became the 1837 Derby winner. Controversy surrounded the animal’s progeny because the stud book registration said that the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6836716", "chunk_text": "\"The Black Stallion\"\nBlack Stallion's Sulky Colt\"\". He competes in the famed Hambletonian race. Black Minx - the Black's first filly is all black and has issues from poor handling and a sensitive temperament. Purchased at an auction by Henry, who has trained many horses but not actually owned one, he overcomes her quirks, even fashioning her a false tail to replace her docked one to boost her confidence. Henry trains her as a racehorse and with Alec in the saddle, they go on to win the Kentucky Derby. She is slightly lazy and lacks the drive for racing, and also develops what", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15970800", "chunk_text": "\"Tippity Witchet\"\nTippity Witchet Tippity Witchet (foaled 1915) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse, noted for his durability and consistency in a career which lasted from 1917 until 1929. Tippity Witchet was a son of the great sire Broomstick who was the son of Ben Brush. His dam was a daughter of St. Simon, one of Great Britain's greatest stallions. The \"\"New York Times\"\" described him as \"\"tiny\"\" and a \"\"sterling little gelding\"\" (\"\"The New York Times\"\", 5-3-29). Tippity Witchet was bred in Kentucky by the stables of Harry Payne Whitney who owned his famous sire and was owned by Harry Payne Whitney.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7784694", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son\"\n2007, Season 6 and Season 7 in 2008 and Season 8 in 2009. Steptoe and Son Steptoe and Son is a British sitcom written by Ray Galton and Alan Simpson about a father-and-son rag-and-bone business. They live at Oil Drum Lane, a fictional street in Shepherd's Bush, London. Four series were broadcast by the BBC from 1962–65, followed by a second run from 1970-74. The theme tune, \"\"Old Ned\"\", was composed by Ron Grainer. The series was voted 15th in a 2004 poll by the BBC to find \"\"Britain's Best Sitcom\"\". It was remade in the United States as \"\"Sanford", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7784676", "chunk_text": "\"Steptoe and Son\"\nsuperior to his son whenever they compete, e.g. in their frequent game-playing, such as snooker played into the night and pouring rain in 1970 and the Scrabble and badminton games in the 1972 series. Harold takes them desperately seriously and sees them as symbols of his desire to improve himself, but his efforts come to nothing every time. His father's success is partly down to superior talent but is aided by cynical gamesmanship and undermining of his son's confidence. In addition, Albert habitually has better judgement than his son, who blunders into all sorts of con tricks and blind alleys", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3384	when did the golden state warriors win the finals?	n/a	[ "1947", "1975", "1956", "2015", "2017" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18788578", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Golden State Warriors\"\nyears. The Warriors won the championship after going 4–1 in the Finals, and their 16–1 playoff record garnered the best winning percentage (.941) in NBA playoffs history. Kevin Durant was named the Finals MVP award after he scored at least 30 points in all five NBA Finals games and averaging 35.2 points per game. The victory at Oracle Arena to secure the title was the first title victory by a Bay Area team at home since the Oakland Athletics won the World Series in the Oakland–Alameda Coliseum in 1974, capping off a three-peat World Series run. On June 8, 2018,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10992749", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nMitch Richmond, and Chris Mullin, colloquially referred to as \"\"Run TMC\"\". However, after failing to capture that elusive championship, the team entered another rebuilding phase in the 2000s. However, the team's fortunes changed in the 2010s, ushering in a new era of success led by Stephen Curry. After also drafting perennial All-Stars Klay Thompson and Draymond Green, the team returned to championship glory in 2015, before winning another two in 2017 and 2018 after adding former league MVP Kevin Durant. Nicknamed the \"\"Dubs\"\" as a shortening of \"\"W's\"\",<ref name=\"\"Williams/Lyons\"\"></ref> the Warriors hold several NBA records; they have registered the best", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1822569", "chunk_text": "\"Oracle Arena\"\nWarriors playoff games in 1972, 1973, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1987, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1994, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018. It hosted the 2015, 2016, 2017, and the 2018 NBA Finals, where the Warriors won in 2015, 2017, and 2018. The 2015 victory was the first time since 1975 the Warriors won the title; however, Games 2 and 3 of the 1975 NBA Finals were played in the Cow Palace as the Coliseum was unavailable. The 2017 victory was the first time that a San Francisco Bay Area team won a title in their home venue since the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19430001", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Golden State Warriors\"\nHistory of the Golden State Warriors The history of the Golden State Warriors began in Philadelphia in 1946. In 1962, the franchise was relocated to San Francisco, California and became known as the San Francisco Warriors until 1971, when its name was changed to the current Golden State Warriors. Along with their inaugural championship win in the 1946–47 season, the Warriors have won five others in the team's history, including another in Philadelphia after the 1955–56 season, and four more as Golden State after the 1974–75, 2014–15, 2016–17, and 2017–18 seasons. The Warriors were founded in Philadelphia in 1946 as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10992747", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nGolden State Warriors The Golden State Warriors are an American professional basketball team based in Oakland, California. The Warriors compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member of the league's Western Conference Pacific Division. Founded in 1946 in Philadelphia, the Warriors relocated to the San Francisco Bay Area in 1962 and undertook the city's name, before changing its geographic moniker to Golden State in 1971. They play their home games at the Oracle Arena. The Warriors won the inaugural Basketball Association of America (BAA) championship in 1947, and won its second championship in 1956, led by Hall of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10992756", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nthe team's last as the San Francisco Warriors. The franchise adopted its brand name Golden State Warriors prior to the 1971–72 season, in order to suggest that the team represented the entire state of California. Almost all home games were played in Oakland that season; six were played in San Diego, but none in San Francisco or Daly City. Oakland Arena became the team's exclusive home court in 1971. The Warriors made the playoffs from 1971 to 1977 except in 1974, and won their first NBA championship on the West Coast in 1974–75. In what many consider the biggest upset", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18788579", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Golden State Warriors\"\nthe Golden State Warriors swept the Cleveland Cavaliers in four games, becoming the ninth team to have swept their rivals in NBA Finals history. They have established themselves as a dynasty with their second consecutive championship and third in the past four years. History of the Golden State Warriors The history of the Golden State Warriors began in Philadelphia in 1946. In 1962, the franchise was relocated to San Francisco, California and became known as the San Francisco Warriors until 1971, when its name was changed to the current Golden State Warriors. Along with their inaugural championship win in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10992813", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nAfter defeating both the Spurs and the Pelicans 4-1, the Warriors came up against the top-seeded Houston Rockets in the Western Conference Finals. Despite reaching a 3-2 disadvantage against the Rockets after Game 5, the Warriors staved off elimination and came back to win the series 4-3. The 2018 Finals pitted the Warriors against the Cavaliers for the fourth consecutive season; this marked the first time in NBA history that the same two teams had met in the Finals for four consecutive years. The Warriors swept the Cavaliers to win their second straight NBA championship; previously, there had not been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17067055", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nteams' rivalry began to develop in the 2014–15 season when they met in the first of four consecutive NBA Finals. Previously, no pair of teams had faced each other in more than two consecutive Finals. The Warriors have won three of the four NBA Finals in which they faced the Cavs, winning in 2015, 2017, and 2018. Bob Fitzgerald has done television play-by-play, and former Warrior guard Jim Barnett has done color commentary for the Warriors for more than 15 years, currently on NBC Sports Bay Area, where they telecast more than 70 Warrior games a year. They also host", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8316787", "chunk_text": "\"Cavaliers–Warriors rivalry\"\nCavaliers–Warriors rivalry The Cavaliers–Warriors rivalry is a National Basketball Association (NBA) rivalry between the Cleveland Cavaliers and the Golden State Warriors. While the two teams have played each other since the Cavaliers joined the league in 1970, their rivalry began to develop in the 2014–15 season, when they met in the first of four consecutive NBA Finals, from 2015 to 2018. Prior to the streak beginning, no pair of teams had faced each other in more than two consecutive Finals. Of these four series, the Warriors have won three championships (2015, 2017, and 2018), and the Cavaliers won in 2016.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10992748", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nFame trident Paul Arizin, Tom Gola, and Neil Johnston. However, the Warriors would not return to similar heights in Philadelphia, and after a brief rebuilding period following the trade of star Wilt Chamberlain, the team moved to San Francisco. Under the guise of Jamaal Wilkes and Rick Barry, the Warriors returned to being title contenders, and won their third championship in 1975, in what is largely considered one of the biggest upsets in NBA history. However, this preceded another period of struggle in the 1980s, before becoming playoff regulars to close the century with the rise of stars Tim Hardaway,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17067052", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nan NBA Finals sweep since 2007. Following the 2018 NBA Finals, writers for \"\"Sports Illustrated\"\", \"\"USA Today\"\", \"\"The Wall Street Journal\"\", and the \"\"New York Daily News\"\" described the Warriors as a dynasty. On August 30, 2018, David West announced his retirement from the NBA after 15 seasons. In April 2014, the Warriors began the purchase process for a 12-acre (4.9 ha) site in Mission Bay, San Francisco, to hold a new 18,000-seat arena which is expected to be ready beginning with the 2019–20 NBA season, with construction to begin in early 2016. The sale was finalized in October 2015.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10992811", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nChicago Bulls. The streak eclipsed the previous record of 95 held by the Utah Jazz. The Warriors earned home-court advantage throughout the 2017 playoffs, thanks to a 2016–17 regular season record of . They were the first team in NBA playoff history to start the playoffs 12–0, defeating the Trail Blazers, the Jazz, and the Spurs in consecutive series. The 2017 Finals once again pitted the Warriors against the Cavaliers, becoming the first time in NBA history that two teams met in the Finals for three consecutive years. The Warriors won the championship after going 4–1 in the Finals, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20868357", "chunk_text": "\"2015 NBA Finals\"\nas well and had Mike Tirico and Hubie Brown as commentators. ESPN Deportes provided exclusive Spanish-language coverage of The Finals, with a commentary team of Álvaro Martín and Carlos Morales. 2015 NBA Finals The 2015 NBA Finals was the championship series of the 2014–15 season of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the conclusion of the season's playoffs. The Western Conference champion Golden State Warriors defeated the Eastern Conference champion Cleveland Cavaliers in six games (4–2) for the Warriors' first title in 40 years and their fourth in franchise history, becoming the first team since the 1990–91 Chicago Bulls to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18788574", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Golden State Warriors\"\nto win the MVP award by unanimous vote, winning all 131 first-place votes. The Golden State Warriors went to their second consecutive appearance in the finals with a rematch against the Cleveland Cavaliers. The Warriors went to a 3–1 advantage, but the Cavaliers made a comeback to tie the series at 3 wins apiece. In Game 7, the Golden State Warriors lost the championship series on their homecourt, and earned the unfortunate distinction of becoming the first team to give up a 3–1 lead in the NBA finals. On July 4, 2016, Kevin Durant announced he would leave the Oklahoma", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20868320", "chunk_text": "\"2015 NBA Finals\"\n2015 NBA Finals The 2015 NBA Finals was the championship series of the 2014–15 season of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the conclusion of the season's playoffs. The Western Conference champion Golden State Warriors defeated the Eastern Conference champion Cleveland Cavaliers in six games (4–2) for the Warriors' first title in 40 years and their fourth in franchise history, becoming the first team since the 1990–91 Chicago Bulls to win a championship without any prior Finals experience from any player on their roster. Golden State's Andre Iguodala was named the Finals Most Valuable Player (MVP). The Warriors were led", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13382520", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NBA Finals\"\n2017 NBA Finals The 2017 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 2016–17 season and conclusion of the season's playoffs. The Western Conference champion Golden State Warriors defeated the defending NBA champion and Eastern Conference champion Cleveland Cavaliers 4 games to 1. This Finals was the first time in NBA history the same two teams had met for a third consecutive year. The Cavaliers sought to repeat as champions after winning the championship in 2016, while the Warriors won the first meeting in 2015. Golden State earned home court advantage with a 2016–17 regular season", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17067041", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\na series of significant player transactions. On July 4, 2016, Kevin Durant announced he would leave the Oklahoma City Thunder to sign a two-year contract with the Golden State Warriors. On July 7, Durant signed his contract, which gave the Warriors a fourth All-NBA player on their team. The Durant signing made the Warriors prohibitive favorites to win the 2017 NBA championship, according to oddsmakers. On July 9, 2016, free-agent forward Harrison Barnes signed with the Dallas Mavericks. Centers Festus Ezeli and Marreese Speights left the Warriors for other teams, as did guard Leandro Barbosa. Center Andrew Bogut was traded,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19450103", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nFitzgerald and Dan Finane finally managed to return the team to respectability by hiring former Cleveland Cavaliers head coach George Karl as head coach in 1986 after selecting St. John's small forward Chris Mullin in the 1985 NBA draft. After a subpar stretch in the late 1970s and early 1980s, the team had a brief resurgence under coach Karl, culminating in a 1987 Western Conference Semifinal match against Magic Johnson and the Los Angeles Lakers which is still shown on TV in the \"\"NBA's Greatest Games\"\" series. In the game, Warriors' All-Star point guard Sleepy Floyd's performance in the second", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10992751", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nAmerican Hockey League. Tyrrell hired Eddie Gottlieb, a longtime basketball promoter in the Philadelphia area, as coach and general manager. The owners named the team after the Philadelphia Warriors, an old basketball team who played in the American Basketball League in 1925. Led by early scoring sensation Joe Fulks, the team won the championship in the league's inaugural 1946–47 season by defeating the Chicago Stags, four games to one. The NBA, which was created by a 1949 merger, officially recognizes that as its own first championship. Gottlieb bought the team in 1951. The Warriors won its next championship in Philadelphia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10992750", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\never regular season, most wins in a season (regular season and postseason combined), as well as the best ever postseason run. The team's six NBA championships are tied for third-most in NBA history with the Chicago Bulls. According to \"\"Forbes\"\", the Warriors are the seventh highest valued sports franchise in the United States, and joint-tenth in the world, with an estimated value of approximately $3.1 billion. The Warriors were founded in 1946 as the Philadelphia Warriors, a charter member of the Basketball Association of America. They were owned by Peter A. Tyrrell, who also owned the Philadelphia Rockets of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17067040", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nBryant. The Warriors reached the NBA Finals for the second consecutive year, facing a rematch against the Cleveland Cavaliers. The Warriors won three of the first four games of the 2016 NBA Finals, but the Cavaliers made a comeback to tie the series at three wins apiece. Draymond Green was suspended for Game Five of the series, and Curry was ejected from Game Six. In Game Seven, the Warriors lost the series on their home court, earning the unfortunate distinction of becoming the first team to lose the NBA Finals after having led three games to one. July 2016 featured", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18788571", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Golden State Warriors\"\nseason in all of the major professional sports in America. Golden State also won 28 consecutive regular-season games dating back to the 2014–15 season, eclipsing the 2012–13 Miami Heat for the second longest winning streak in NBA history. The team set an NBA record 54-straight regular season home game winning streak, which spanned from January 31, 2015 to March 29, 2016. The previous record of 44 was held by the 1995–96 Chicago Bulls team led by Michael Jordan. Stephen Curry, Draymond Green and Klay Thompson were all named to the All-Star Game, the first time the Warriors have had three", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10992753", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nits finest moments. In 1962, Franklin Mieuli purchased the majority shares of the team and relocated the franchise to the San Francisco Bay Area, renaming them the San Francisco Warriors. The Warriors played most of their home games at the Cow Palace in Daly City (the facility lies just south of the San Francisco city limits) from 1962 to 1964 and the San Francisco Civic Auditorium from 1964 to 1966, though occasionally playing home games in nearby cities such as Oakland and San Jose. Prior to the 1963–64 NBA season, the Warriors drafted big man Nate Thurmond to go along", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13040091", "chunk_text": "\"2016–17 Golden State Warriors season\"\n2016–17 Golden State Warriors season The 2016–17 Golden State Warriors season was the 71st season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA), and its 55th in the San Francisco Bay Area. The Warriors won their fifth NBA Championship, setting the best postseason record in NBA history by going . They entered the season as runners-up in the 2016 NBA Finals, after a record breaking regular-season in 2015–16. With the acquisition of free agent Kevin Durant in the offseason, the Warriors were hailed as a \"\"Superteam\"\" by the media and fans, forming a new All-Star \"\"Fantastic Four\"\" of Durant,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13382541", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NBA Finals\"\nDeportes provided exclusive Spanish-language coverage of The Finals, with a commentary team of Álvaro Martín and Carlos Morales. 2017 NBA Finals The 2017 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 2016–17 season and conclusion of the season's playoffs. The Western Conference champion Golden State Warriors defeated the defending NBA champion and Eastern Conference champion Cleveland Cavaliers 4 games to 1. This Finals was the first time in NBA history the same two teams had met for a third consecutive year. The Cavaliers sought to repeat as champions after winning the championship in 2016, while the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8596938", "chunk_text": "\"1989 World Series\"\nseason meeting between the Giants and A's, the Giants honored 27 members of their 1989 team. The A's victory continued a string of success for any Bay Area-based professional sports team. The San Francisco 49ers of the NFL continued its '80s dynasty by winning Super Bowl XXIII and XXIV in between the Athletics' World Series triumph. The next championship for the city of Oakland came in 2015, when the Golden State Warriors of the NBA won the 2015 NBA Finals. Later, the Golden State Warriors would win the 2017 and 2018 NBA Finals, defeating the Cleveland Cavaliers. This would be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8747770", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NBA Finals\"\nthe 2016 NBA Finals by losing in seven games after having a 3–1 lead. With the acquisition of free agent Kevin Durant in the offseason, the Warriors were hailed as a \"\"Superteam\"\" by the media and fans, forming a new All-Star \"\"Big Four\"\" of Durant, Stephen Curry, Klay Thompson and Draymond Green. The team equaled their 2014–15 regular-season record of 67–15, their second most wins in franchise history. They won the Pacific Division title and Western Conference Championship for the third consecutive season. The club became the fastest team in NBA history to clinch a playoff berth, achieving the feat", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17067019", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nWarriors also achieved a milestone by completing their first ever 6–1 road trip in franchise history, including a 97–95 win over the defending champion Heat in Miami. On April 9, 2013, with a win over the Minnesota Timberwolves, the Warriors clinched the playoffs for the second time in 19 years and the first time since the 2006–07 \"\"We Believe\"\" Warriors. This time, the local battle cry was \"\"We Belong\"\". The team finished the season with a record of 47–35, earning the sixth seed in the Western Conference, and defeated the Denver Nuggets in the first round of the playoffs by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18788568", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Golden State Warriors\"\nStephen Curry was named the 2014–15 NBA Most Valuable Player, the first Warrior to do so since Wilt Chamberlain in 1960. In the first round of the playoffs, they swept the New Orleans Pelicans, defeated Memphis Grizzlies in the second round in six games and defeated Houston Rockets in five games of the Western Conference Finals. The Warriors advanced to their first NBA Finals since 1975, where they defeated the Cleveland Cavaliers in six games to win their fourth NBA title, and their first in 40 years. Andre Iguodala was named Finals MVP. Other highlights of the season included Stephen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8316800", "chunk_text": "\"Cavaliers–Warriors rivalry\"\nto come back from a 3–1 deficit. LeBron James became only the third player in NBA history to have a triple double in a Finals Game 7 and became the first unanimous Finals MVP after leading in all five categories of points, rebounds, assists, steals and blocks. On July 4, 2016, Oklahoma City Thunder superstar Kevin Durant signed with the Warriors in free agency. He averaged 25.1 PPG, 8.3 RPG, 4.8 APG, 1.1 SPG, and 1.6 BPG. After finishing 67–15, the first team in NBA history to win at least 67 games in three straight seasons, the Warriors went 12–0", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10992793", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nPersistent reports that Mark Jackson's job as head coach was in jeopardy led Warriors players to make a unanimous declaration of support for Jackson only minutes after the Warriors' first-round playoff loss to the Clippers. Nonetheless, on May 6, 2014, the team announced that Jackson had been let go. In his three-season tenure as head coach, Jackson compiled a 121-109 (.526) record, overseeing a major turnaround. When Jackson took the helm in 2011, the franchise had made the playoffs only one time over the prior 17 seasons, averaging 30.2 wins per season during that period. Jackson, 49, became just the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19430003", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Golden State Warriors\"\nthe 1940s, Fulks set an NBA single-game scoring record of 63 points in 1949 that stood for more than 10 years. Gottlieb bought the team in 1951. The Warriors won their other championship as a Philadelphia team in the 1955–56 season, defeating the Fort Wayne Pistons, four games to one. The stars of this era in the team's history were future Hall of Famers Paul Arizin, Tom Gola and Neil Johnston. Arizin and Johnston won five of the six NBA scoring titles between the 1951–52 and 1956–57 seasons, while Johnston led the NBA in rebounding and Andy Phillip led the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17381024", "chunk_text": "\"2015–16 Golden State Warriors season\"\nconference. On June 19, 2016, Golden State lost Game 7 by a score of 89–93, becoming the first team in NBA history to squander a 3–1 lead in the NBA Finals. They also became the first team in NBA history to overcome a 1–3 deficit and lose a 3–1 lead in the same playoffs. The Warriors are the 11th team in NBA history to lose a 3–1 series lead and just the fourth team in NBA history to lose an NBA Finals' Game 7 on their home court. The loss marked the first time since Steve Kerr became head coach", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6495273", "chunk_text": "\"Franklin Mieuli\"\nFranklin Mieuli Franklin Mieuli ( ; September 14, 1920 – April 25, 2010) was a San Francisco Bay Area radio and television producer who was best known as the principal owner of the Golden State Warriors from 1962 to 1986. The pinnacle of his twenty-four years with the franchise was its National Basketball Association (NBA) Championship in 1975. He was also a minority shareholder in both the San Francisco 49ers and Giants. An eccentric personality, Mieuli eschewed formal attire and conservative grooming in favor of a casual wardrobe and his ever-present full beard and deerstalker. His preferred mode of transportation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16021332", "chunk_text": "\"1996 NBA Finals\"\nin the previous Finals. The Warriors (with the addition of Kevin Durant, who had played for the Sonics in their final season in Seattle and for the Thunder until he became a free agent in 2016) and Cavaliers met for the third consecutive time in the 2017 NBA Finals, which the Warriors won in five games. 1996 NBA Finals The 1996 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 1995–96 season, and the culmination of the season's playoffs. The Western Conference champion Seattle SuperSonics (64–18) played the Eastern Conference champion Chicago Bulls (72–10), with the Bulls", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7433071", "chunk_text": "\"2014–15 Golden State Warriors season\"\n2014–15 Golden State Warriors season The 2014–15 Golden State Warriors season was the 69th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA), and their 53rd in the San Francisco Bay Area. The Warriors finished the season 67–15, a new franchise record for wins in a season, clinching their best record in the NBA since they won 59 games in the 1975–76 season. They are the tenth NBA team to win 67 games in a season. Golden State reached the 2015 NBA Finals and defeated the Cleveland Cavaliers 4–2, to win their first title in 40 years, and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19430006", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Golden State Warriors\"\nat the Cow Palace in Daly City (the facility lies just south of the San Francisco border), though occasionally playing home games in nearby cities such as Oakland and San Jose. During their first season in San Francisco, Chamberlain again led the league in scoring at 44.8 points per game and rebounding at 24.3 rebounds per game. Prior to the 1963–64 season, the Warriors drafted big man Nate Thurmond to go along with Chamberlain. The Warriors won the 1963–64 Western Division title, but lost the NBA championship series to the Boston Celtics, four games to one. In the 1964–65 season,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10992758", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\non the court from 1978 to 1987 after being one of the NBA's dominant teams in the 1960s and most of the 1970s. Through the NBA draft, however, they acquired some players such as high-scoring forward Purvis Short (1978), former Purdue center Joe Barry Carroll (1980) and center Robert Parish (1976), who was traded to the Boston Celtics in 1980 along with the draft pick that would become Kevin McHale for the pick used to draft Carroll. In 1983, the Warriors matched the New York Knicks' offer for free-agent Bernard King, but, unable to pay his high salary, quickly traded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8780927", "chunk_text": "\"Sports in Philadelphia\"\nfranchise continued to experience success until the early 1990s, when it traded Charles Barkley. The Sixers missed the playoffs for seven straight seasons until the emergence of Allen Iverson, who led the team to the 2001 finals. The team hovered around .500 for most of the 2000s decade, and missed the playoffs from 2013 to 2017. In 1996, the NBA named the 1967 and 1983 championship-winning teams two of the ten greatest teams in NBA history. The Philadelphia Warriors played in Philadelphia from 1946 to 1962 before moving to San Francisco and becoming the Golden State Warriors. The Philadelphia Warriors", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10086171", "chunk_text": "\"NBA Finals\"\n3-point shot a minute later to take the lead. Cleveland managed to hold on to the lead to win the title and end the city's 52-year championship drought, with James earning his third Finals MVP honor. In the 2016 offseason, the Warriors acquired Durant through free agency. After finishing 67–15, they became the first team in history to win 67+ games in three straight seasons, they went to the Finals with a 12–0 sweep of the West, the first team to do so since the first round changed to best-of-seven in 2003. Meanwhile, though the Cavaliers slipped to the second", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18788572", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Golden State Warriors\"\nAll-Stars since 1976. Green broke the Golden State franchise record of nine triple-doubles in a season. Curry broke numerous three-point records during the season, including his own NBA record for made three-pointers in a season of 286; he finished the season with 402 three pointers. He made a three-pointer in 151 consecutive games, which broke the NBA record of 127 set by Kyle Korver in 2014. On February 27, 2016, Curry also tied the NBA record of twelve three-pointers made in a single game, jointly holding it with Donyell Marshall and Kobe Bryant. On April 3, 2016, the Warriors won", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19450106", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nthe playoffs. At the start of the next season, however, a rift formed between Webber and Sprewell on the one hand and Nelson on the other. All three soon left the team, and the organization went into a tailspin. The 1994–95 season was the first under new team owner Chris Cohan, who had bought out Fitzgerald and Finnane. The Warriors selected power forward prospect Joe Smith as their first overall draft pick in 1995 and hired Rick Adelman as the new head coach. They sent Tim Hardaway and Chris Gatling to the Miami Heat for Kevin Willis and Bimbo Coles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17067038", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\n29, 2016; the previous record of 44 was held by the 1995–96 Chicago Bulls team led by Michael Jordan. On April 13, 2016, Golden State set the NBA record for most wins in a single season. The team finished the season with a record of 73–9. On May 10, 2016, Stephen Curry was named the NBA's Most Valuable Player (MVP) for the second straight season. Curry is the 11th player to win back-to-back MVP honors and became the first player in NBA history to win the MVP award by unanimous vote, winning all 131 first-place votes. Stephen Curry, Draymond Green", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13852937", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NBA Finals\"\n2018 NBA Finals The 2018 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 2017–18 season and conclusion of the season's playoffs. In this best-of-seven playoff, the defending NBA champion and Western Conference champion Golden State Warriors swept the Eastern Conference champion Cleveland Cavaliers 4 games to 0. This Finals was the first time in any of North America's four major professional sports leagues that the same two teams met for the championship four years in a row. This was also the first time that a team was swept in the NBA Finals since 2007, in which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17067033", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nthe season and second in offensive efficiency, barely missing the mark that the Julius Erving-led Sixers achieved by being first in both offensive and defensive efficiency. On May 4, Stephen Curry was named the 2014–15 NBA Most Valuable Player. Curry became the first Warrior to receive the award since Wilt Chamberlain received it in 1960. The Warriors swept the New Orleans Pelicans in the first round of the playoffs, defeated Memphis Grizzlies in six games in the second round, and dispatched Houston Rockets in five games in the Western Conference Finals. The Warriors advanced to their first NBA Finals since", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20868331", "chunk_text": "\"2015 NBA Finals\"\naround. Golden State won the series in six games, claiming their first title since 1975 and their fourth in franchise history. They played small ball in the Finals to a greater extent than any prior champion. Combining regular season and playoff games, the Warriors finished 83–20, the third-best record ever behind the Chicago Bulls in 1995–96 (87–13) and 1996–97 (84–17). Iguodala was named the Finals MVP, becoming the first to win the award without having started every game in the series. He finished the Finals averaging 16.3 points, 4 assists, and 5.8 rebounds. He was also tasked with guarding Cleveland's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18788531", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Golden State Warriors\"\nslogan for the last couple months of the season and the playoffs. On April 22, 2007, the Warriors played their first playoff game in 13 years, and beat the Dallas Mavericks 97–85, holding MVP Dirk Nowitzki to just 4-of-16 shooting, making it 6 straight against the NBA-best, 67 game winners. But the Warriors were crushed by the Mavericks in Game 2 when both Baron Davis, sometimes referred to as \"\"Boom Dizzle\"\" by fans, and Stephen Jackson, also known as \"\"Captain Jack\"\", were ejected from the game. Then the Warriors bounced back by winning both Games 3 and 4 at home,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15477414", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Golden State Warriors season\"\nof their last seventeen games. For the first time since the 2013–14 season, they did not clinch first place for home-court advantage for the playoffs and failed to win 60 games for the first time under Steve Kerr. This season marked David West's final season in the NBA. He retired on August 30, 2018; having won two NBA championships with the Warriors. The 2017 NBA draft was held on June 22, 2017, at the Barclays Center in Brooklyn. The Warriors didn't have a pick, but acquired the Chicago Bulls 38th pick in the second round for cash. They chose power", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10086166", "chunk_text": "\"NBA Finals\"\nsince 2007 and the fifth and final title of Duncan's career. Kawhi Leonard was named Finals MVP, becoming the third-youngest Finals MVP after Duncan and Magic Johnson. The Cleveland Cavaliers and Golden State Warriors have met in every NBA Finals between 2015 and 2018, becoming the first two teams to meet in four consecutive Finals. Previously, no two teams have appeared in more than two consecutive finals. After the 2014 Finals, LeBron James became a free agent and returned to the Cleveland Cavaliers where he teamed up with Kyrie Irving. The Cavs also traded for Kevin Love to form a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3385	who won the oscar over wolf of wall street?	n/a	[ "Terence Winter", "Leonardo DiCaprio", "Martin Scorsese", "Jonah Hill" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6491880", "chunk_text": "\"The Wolf of Wall Street (2013 film)\"\n\"\"a large sign advertising the name of Mr. Belfort's real motivational speaking company\"\", and a positive depiction of Belfort uttering \"\"variants of the same falsehoods he trained others to use against his victims\"\". The film was nominated for five Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Director for Scorsese, Best Adapted Screenplay for Winter, Best Actor for DiCaprio, and Best Supporting Actor for Hill. It was also nominated for four BAFTAs, including Best Director, Best Actor and Best Adapted Screenplay, and two Golden Globe Awards, including Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy. DiCaprio won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13937063", "chunk_text": "\"Martin Scorsese\"\nthe award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy at the 2014 Golden Globe Awards, with the film being nominated for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy as well. Also, \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\" was nominated for five Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Actor for Leonardo DiCaprio, Best Supporting Actor for Jonah Hill, Best Director for Martin Scorsese, and Best Adapted Screenplay for Terence Winter but did not win in any category. In a 2016 critics' poll conducted by BBC, the film was ranked one of the 100 greatest motion pictures since 2000. Scorsese and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13661714", "chunk_text": "\"The Wolf of Wall Street (2013 film)\"\nfor Scorsese's direction, the comedic performance of DiCaprio and the fast-paced and consistent humor. The film was nominated for several awards including five nominations at the 86th Academy Awards ceremony: Best Picture, Best Director and Best Adapted Screenplay, as well as Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor nominations for DiCaprio and Hill, respectively. The film did not win in any category, although DiCaprio did win Best Actor – Musical or Comedy at the 71st Golden Globe Awards, where the film was also nominated for Best Picture – Musical or Comedy. It was also recognized by numerous other awards ceremonies, as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4249590", "chunk_text": "\"86th Academy Awards\"\nPicture winner and the third such person to receive a nomination for directing. Alfonso Cuaron became the first person of Mexican descent to win Best Director. With Matthew McConaughey and Jared Leto's respective wins in the Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor categories, \"\"Dallas Buyers Club\"\" was the fifth film to win both male acting awards. Additionally, 3 other films (\"\"American Hustle\"\", \"\"12 Years a Slave\"\", and \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\") also received nominations for both Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor. Cate Blanchett became the sixth actress to have won both female acting awards in her career. Lupita", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11178974", "chunk_text": "\"Red Granite Pictures\"\ndirected by Martin Scorsese and stars Leonardo DiCaprio, Margot Robbie, Jonah Hill, Matthew McConaughey, Kyle Chandler, Jon Favreau and Rob Reiner. \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\" is based on the memoir of the same name by stockbroker Jordan Belfort. The film has achieved tremendous box office success and critical acclaim, including a Golden Globe win for Best Actor in a Motion Picture Comedy for star Leonardo DiCaprio, and five Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture, Best Actor (Leonardo DiCaprio), Best Director (Martin Scorsese), Best Supporting Actor (Jonah Hill) and Best Adapted Screenplay (Terence Winter). Red Granite Pictures then produced \"\"Horns\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11906150", "chunk_text": "\"Joey McFarland\"\nupon Jordan Belfort's best-selling novel of the same name. The book was adapted into a screenplay by Terence Winter. The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio, Jonah Hill, Matthew Mcconaughey, Margot Robbie and was directed by Martin Scorsese. Released on December 25, 2013 by Paramount Pictures, \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\" has achieved tremendous box office success and garnered critical acclaim - including a Golden Globe win for Best Actor in a Motion Picture Comedy for star Leonardo DiCaprio and five Academy Award nominations including Best Actor, Best Director and Best Picture for which McFarland received a nomination. It is well known", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16321293", "chunk_text": "\"63rd Academy Awards\"\nSamuel Goldwyn Theater in Beverly Hills, California, by Karl Malden, president of the Academy, and actor Denzel Washington. \"\"Dances with Wolves\"\" led the nominations with twelve total; \"\"Dick Tracy\"\" and \"\"The Godfather Part III\"\" tied for second with seven each. The winners were announced during the awards ceremony on March 25, 1991. Kevin Costner became the fifth person to earn the Best Director Award for his directorial debut and to earn nominations for Best Actor and Best Director for the same film. Best Supporting Actress winner Whoopi Goldberg was the second African American woman to win an award. Hattie McDaniel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2018944", "chunk_text": "\"86th Academy Awards\"\nthe Oscar ceremony website. At the time of the nominations announcement on January 16, 2014, the combined gross of the nine Best Picture nominees at the American and Canadian box offices was $645 million, with an average of $72 million per film. When the nominations were revealed, \"\"Gravity\"\" was the highest-grossing film among the Best Picture nominees with $256 million in domestic box office receipts. \"\"Captain Phillips\"\" was the second-highest-grossing film with $105.5 million; this was followed by \"\"American Hustle\"\" ($105.4 million), \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\" ($80.7 million), \"\"12 Years a Slave\"\" ($39 million), \"\"Philomena\"\" ($22.3 million), \"\"Dallas Buyers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6491873", "chunk_text": "\"The Wolf of Wall Street (2013 film)\"\nan average rating of 7.8/10. The site's critical consensus reads, \"\"Funny, self-referential, and irreverent to a fault, \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\" finds Martin Scorsese and Leonardo DiCaprio at their most infectiously dynamic.\"\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 75 out of 100, based on 47 critics, indicating \"\"generally favorable reviews\"\". Peter Travers of \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" magazine named \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\" as the third best film of 2013, behind \"\"12 Years a Slave\"\" and \"\"Gravity\"\" at numbers one and two, respectively. The movie was chosen as one of the top ten films of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5315187", "chunk_text": "\"Matthew McConaughey\"\nPerformance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role, the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Drama, and the Academy Award for Best Actor. His co-star Jared Leto won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, making \"\"Dallas Buyers Club\"\" the first film since \"\"Mystic River\"\" (2003) to win both awards. He also featured in Martin Scorsese's \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\" as Mark Hanna, an early boss of Jordan Belfort. During this time, McConaughey recorded a public service announcement in Austin, Texas for the LBJ Presidential Library. In April 2014, \"\"Time\"\" magazine included McConaughey in its annual Time", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13661723", "chunk_text": "\"The Wolf of Wall Street (2013 film)\"\na penny stock trader. In 2007, Leonardo DiCaprio/Warner Bros. won a bidding war against Brad Pitt/Paramount Pictures for the rights to Jordan Belfort's memoir \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\", and Martin Scorsese was considered to direct the film. During pre-production, Scorsese worked on the film's script before working on \"\"Shutter Island\"\". He describes having \"\"wasted five months of [his] life\"\" without getting a green light on production dates by the Warner Bros. studio. Jordan Belfort made $1 million on the movie rights. In 2010, Warner Bros. had offered Ridley Scott to direct the film, with Leonardo DiCaprio playing the male", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10141661", "chunk_text": "\"The Wolf of Wall Street (2013 film)\"\nThe Wolf of Wall Street (2013 film) The Wolf of Wall Street is a 2013 American biographical black comedy crime film directed by Martin Scorsese and written by Terence Winter, based on the memoir of the same name by Jordan Belfort. It recounts Belfort's perspective on his career as a stockbroker in New York City and how his firm Stratton Oakmont engaged in rampant corruption and fraud on Wall Street that ultimately led to his downfall. Leonardo DiCaprio (who was also a producer) stars as Belfort, with Jonah Hill as his business partner and friend Donnie Azoff, Margot Robbie as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10141673", "chunk_text": "\"The Wolf of Wall Street (2013 film)\"\nBelfort's parents Max and Leah Belfort's names remained the same for the film. The role of Aunt Emma was initially offered to Julie Andrews, who refused it as she was recovering from an ankle injury, and she was replaced by Joanna Lumley. In January 2014, Jonah Hill revealed in an interview with Howard Stern that he made only $60,000 on the film (the lowest possible SAG-AFTRA rate for his amount of work), while his co-star Leonardo DiCaprio (who also produced) received $10 million. Hill didn't care about his settlement though, and wanted to play Donnie Azoff so badly that he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6529850", "chunk_text": "\"60th Academy Awards\"\nThe Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills, California on March 27, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Shirley Jones. \"\"The Last Emperor\"\" won nine awards including Best Picture and Best Director for Bernardo Bertolucci. For their performances in \"\"Moonstruck, \"\"Cher and Olympia Dukakis won Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress, respectively. Michael Douglas won Best Actor for his role in \"\"Wall Street\"\"; Sean Connery won Best Supporting Actor for \"\"The Untouchables\"\". The telecast garnered 42.2 million viewers in the United States. , this is the most recent Academy Awards ceremony to take place in April. The nominees", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16321292", "chunk_text": "\"63rd Academy Awards\"\nHills, California on March 2, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Geena Davis. \"\"Dances with Wolves\"\" won seven awards including Best Picture. Other winners included \"\"Dick Tracy\"\" with three awards, \"\"Ghost\"\" with two awards, and \"\"American Dream\"\", \"\"Creature Comforts\"\", \"\"Cyrano de Bergerac\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"Goodfellas\"\", \"\"The Hunt for Red October\"\", \"\"Journey of Hope\"\", \"\"The Lunch Date\"\", \"\"Misery\"\", \"\"Reversal of Fortune\"\", and \"\"Total Recall\"\" with one. The telecast garnered nearly 43 million viewers in the United States. The nominees for the 63rd Academy Awards were announced on February 13, 1991, at 5:38 a.m. PST (13:38 UTC) at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13325646", "chunk_text": "\"Riza Aziz\"\nfilm \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\". \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\" is based upon Jordan Belfort's best-selling novel of the same name and was adapted into a screenplay by Terence Winter. The film starred Leonardo DiCaprio, Margot Robbie, Jonah Hill, and was directed by Martin Scorsese. The film was released on December 25, 2013. The film is banned in his native country, Malaysia. \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\" has achieved tremendous box office success and critical acclaim - including a Golden Globe win for Best Actor in a Motion Picture Comedy for star Leonardo DiCaprio and five Academy Award nominations", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5176602", "chunk_text": "\"Margot Robbie\"\nin the United States on 1 November 2013. The film received positive reviews and grossed $87 million on its $12 million budget. In August 2012, Robbie was cast in the role of Naomi Belfort, the wife of the film's protagonist Jordan Belfort in Martin Scorsese's \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\" (2013) with Leonardo DiCaprio and Jonah Hill. Garnering positive reviews it became a commercial success with a worldwide gross of $392 million, making it Scorsese's highest-grossing film. The film was subsequently nominated for five Academy Awards, including Best Picture. For her performance as Jordan Belfort's second wife Naomi Lapaglia, Robbie", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15130588", "chunk_text": "\"Martin Scorsese\"\nLee and Jude Law. The film has been met with critical acclaim and earned Scorsese his third Golden Globe Award for Best Director. The film was also nominated for 11 Academy Awards, winning five of them and becoming tied with Michel Hazanavicius's film \"\"The Artist\"\" for the most Academy Awards won by a single film in 2011. \"\"Hugo\"\" also won two BAFTA awards, among other numerous awards and nominations. \"\"Hugo\"\" is Scorsese's first 3D film and was released in the United States on November 23, 2011. Scorsese's 2013 film, \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\", is an American biographical black comedy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10141676", "chunk_text": "\"The Wolf of Wall Street (2013 film)\"\nscreen effects or low light were shot with the digital Arri Alexa. The film contains 400–450 VFX shots. \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\" uses animals including a chimpanzee, a lion, a snake, a fish, and dogs. The chimpanzee and the lion were provided by the Big Cat Habitat wildlife sanctuary in Sarasota County, Florida. The four-year-old chimpanzee Chance spent time with actor Leonardo DiCaprio and learned to roller skate over the course of three weeks. The sanctuary also provided a lion named Handsome because the film's trading company used a lion for its symbol. Danny Porush, Jordan Belfort's real-life partner,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6491842", "chunk_text": "\"The Wolf of Wall Street (2013 film)\"\nhis wife Naomi Lapaglia and Kyle Chandler as Patrick Denham, the FBI agent who tries to bring him down. Matthew McConaughey, Rob Reiner, Jon Favreau, Joanna Lumley and Jean Dujardin also star. The film marks the director's fifth collaboration with DiCaprio, after \"\"Gangs of New York\"\" (2002), \"\"The Aviator\"\" (2004), \"\"The Departed\"\" (2006) and \"\"Shutter Island\"\" (2010), as well as his second collaboration with Winter after the television series \"\"Boardwalk Empire\"\" (2010–14). \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\" premiered in New York City on December 17, 2013, and was released in the United States on December 25, 2013, distributed by Paramount", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "839196", "chunk_text": "\"74th Academy Awards\"\n1999. Three weeks earlier, in a ceremony held at the Regent Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Beverly Hills, California, on March 2, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Charlize Theron. \"\"A Beautiful Mind\"\" won four awards, including Best Picture and Best Director for Ron Howard. Other winners included \"\"\"\" also with four awards, \"\"Black Hawk Down\"\", and \"\"Moulin Rouge!\"\" with two, and \"\"The Accountant\"\", \"\"For the Birds\"\", \"\"Gosford Park\"\", \"\"Iris\"\", \"\"Monster's Ball\"\", \"\"Monsters, Inc.\"\", \"\"Murder on a Sunday Morning\"\", \"\"No Man's Land\"\", \"\"Pearl Harbor\"\", \"\"Shrek\"\", \"\"Thoth\"\", and \"\"Training Day\"\", with one. Despite a record length of four", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16321246", "chunk_text": "\"64th Academy Awards\"\nfor the third consecutive year. Three weeks earlier, in a ceremony held at the Century Plaza Hotel in Los Angeles on March 7, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Tom Hanks. \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\" won five awards including Best Picture. Other winners included \"\"\"\" with four awards, \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\", \"\"Bugsy\"\", and \"\"JFK\"\" with two, and \"\"City Slickers\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"The Fisher King\"\", \"\"In the Shadow of the Stars\"\", \"\"Manipulation\"\", \"\"Mediterraneo\"\", \"\"Session Man\"\", and \"\"Thelma & Louise\"\" with one. The telecast garnered more than 44 million viewers in the United States. The nominees for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19438247", "chunk_text": "\"70th Academy Awards\"\n1998. With eleven awards, \"\"Titanic\"\" tied with \"\"Ben-Hur\"\" for the most Academy Awards in Oscar history. It also became the first film to win Best Picture without a screenwriting nomination since 1965's \"\"The Sound of Music\"\". Best Actress winner Helen Hunt became the first performer to win an Oscar while concurrently starring in a television series; Jack Nicholson became the fourth performer to win at least three acting Oscars. Both won for their roles in \"\"As Good as It Gets\"\", making it the seventh film to win both lead acting awards. Nominated for their performances as Rose DeWitt Bukater in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9509030", "chunk_text": "\"Wall Street (1987 film)\"\nLawrence Wildman, meanwhile, was modeled on the prominent British financier and corporate raider Sir James Goldsmith. Originally, the studio wanted Warren Beatty to play Gekko, but he was not interested; Stone, meanwhile, wanted Richard Gere, but Gere passed on the role. The film was well received among major film critics. Douglas won the Academy Award for Best Actor, and the film has come to be seen as the archetypal portrayal of 1980s success, with Douglas' character declaring that \"\"greed is good.\"\" It has also proven influential in inspiring people to work on Wall Street, with Sheen, Douglas, and Stone commenting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12335499", "chunk_text": "\"65th Academy Awards\"\nduring a ceremony held at the Century Plaza Hotel in Los Angeles on March 6, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Sharon Stone. \"\"Unforgiven\"\" won four Oscars including Best Picture, Best Director for Clint Eastwood, and Best Supporting Actor for Gene Hackman. Al Pacino and Emma Thompson won lead acting honors for \"\"Scent of a Woman\"\" and \"\"Howards End\"\", respectively. Marisa Tomei won Best Supporting Actress for \"\"My Cousin Vinny\"\". The telecast garnered 45.7 million viewers in the United States. The nominees for the 65th Academy Awards were announced on February 17, 1993, at the Samuel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18622092", "chunk_text": "\"19th Empire Awards\"\nfinalists that were invited to the Empire Awards where the winner was announced. \"\"Gravity\"\" won two awards including Best Film and Best Director for Alfonso Cuarón. Other winners included \"\"\"\" also with two awards and \"\"12 Years a Slave\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"Blue Jasmine\"\", \"\"Filth\"\", \"\"Saving Mr. Banks\"\", \"\"The Conjuring\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\" and \"\"The World's End\"\" with one. Simon Pegg received the Empire Hero Award, Hugh Jackman received the Empire Icon Award, Paul Greengrass received the Empire Inspiration Award, Arnold Schwarzenegger received the special honorary 25th anniversary Action Hero of our Lifetime award and Tom Cruise received the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8786802", "chunk_text": "\"26th Academy Awards\"\nbase just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II, illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private (Montgomery Clift) and rigid institutional authority (exemplified by the Army). Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by \"\"Gone with the Wind\"\" (1939). The record would be tied again the following year by \"\"On the Waterfront\"\" (1954). Walt Disney won four awards, which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year. William Holden's speech for Best Actor for his role in \"\"Stalag 17\"\" was simply \"\"Thank You\"\", making it one of the shortest speeches", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19438246", "chunk_text": "\"70th Academy Awards\"\nThe telecast garnered more than 57 million viewers in the United States, making it the most watched Oscars broadcast in history. The nominees for the 70th Academy Awards were announced on February 10, 1998, at the Samuel Goldwyn Theater in Beverly Hills, California, by Robert Rehme, president of the Academy, and actress Geena Davis. \"\"Titanic\"\" received the most nominations with a record-tying fourteen (1950's \"\"All About Eve\"\", and later 2016's \"\"La La Land\"\", also achieved this distinction); \"\"Good Will Hunting\"\" and \"\"L.A. Confidential\"\" came in second with nine apiece. The winners were announced during the awards ceremony on March 23,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13634402", "chunk_text": "\"The Wolf of Wall Street (book)\"\nfor securities fraud. Multiple portions of the book are disputed by law agencies as either fictitious, exaggerated, or untrue to real events. The Wolf of Wall Street (book) The Wolf of Wall Street is a memoir by former stockbroker and trader Jordan Belfort, first published in September 2007 by Bantam Books, then adapted into a 2013 film of the same name (directed by Martin Scorsese and starring Leonardo DiCaprio as Belfort). Belfort's autobiographical account was continued by \"\"Catching the Wolf of Wall Street\"\", published in 2009. Belfort tells his real-life story of creating Stratton Oakmont, a brokerage house engaged in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2806875", "chunk_text": "\"80th Academy Awards\"\n78th ceremony held in 2006. Two weeks earlier in a gala at the Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Beverly Hills, California held on February 9, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Jessica Alba. \"\"No Country for Old Men\"\" won the most awards of the ceremony with four including Best Picture. Other winners included \"\"The Bourne Ultimatum\"\" with three awards, \"\"La Vie en Rose (La môme)\"\" and \"\"There Will Be Blood\"\" with two awards, and \"\"Atonement\"\", \"\"The Counterfeiters\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"Freeheld\"\", \"\"The Golden Compass\"\", \"\"Juno\"\", \"\"Michael Clayton\"\", \"\"The Mozart of Pickpockets\"\", \"\"Once\"\", \"\"Peter and the Wolf\"\", \"\"Ratatouille\"\", \"\"\"\", and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16321248", "chunk_text": "\"64th Academy Awards\"\n\"\"Big Five\"\" major categories for picture, directing, lead acting performances, and screenwriting. The other two films to achieve this feat were 1934's \"\"It Happened One Night\"\" and 1975's \"\"One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest\"\". \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" became the first animated film to be nominated for Best Picture. Best Actress winner Jodie Foster became the eleventh person to win the aforementioned category twice and at the age of 28, became only the second person after Luise Rainer to win two Academy Awards before the age of 30. \"\"Boyz n the Hood\"\"'s John Singleton became the first African-American to be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15130565", "chunk_text": "\"Martin Scorsese\"\nwas nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director, Scorsese earned his third Best Director nomination for \"\"Goodfellas\"\" but again lost to a first-time director, Kevin Costner (\"\"Dances with Wolves\"\"). Joe Pesci earned the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in \"\"Goodfellas\"\". Scorsese and the film won numerous awards, including five BAFTA Awards, a Silver Lion and more. The American Film Institute put \"\"Goodfellas\"\" at No. 94 on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies list. On the 2007 updated version, they moved \"\"Goodfellas\"\" up to No. 92 on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies list (10th", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4338167", "chunk_text": "\"83rd Academy Awards\"\n\"\"God of Love\"\", \"\"In a Better World\"\", \"\"Inside Job\"\", \"\"The Lost Thing\"\", \"\"Strangers No More\"\", and \"\"The Wolfman\"\" with one. The telecast garnered almost 38 million viewers in the United States. The nominees for the 83rd Academy Awards were announced on January 25, 2011, at 5:38 a.m. PST at the Samuel Goldwyn Theater in Beverly Hills, California by Tom Sherak, president of the Academy, and actress Mo'Nique. \"\"The King's Speech\"\" led the nominations with twelve, followed by \"\"True Grit\"\" with ten. The winners were announced during the awards ceremony on February 27, 2011. \"\"Toy Story 3\"\" became the third animated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13634401", "chunk_text": "\"The Wolf of Wall Street (book)\"\nThe Wolf of Wall Street (book) The Wolf of Wall Street is a memoir by former stockbroker and trader Jordan Belfort, first published in September 2007 by Bantam Books, then adapted into a 2013 film of the same name (directed by Martin Scorsese and starring Leonardo DiCaprio as Belfort). Belfort's autobiographical account was continued by \"\"Catching the Wolf of Wall Street\"\", published in 2009. Belfort tells his real-life story of creating Stratton Oakmont, a brokerage house engaged in pump and dump schemes with penny stocks. The firm was shut down by regulators in the late 1990s, and Belfort was jailed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10372480", "chunk_text": "\"Jordan Belfort\"\ndepicted in the film are consistent with Belfort's memoirs and what was written about him in \"\"Forbes\"\" articles, although some of the \"\"Forbes\"\"-related content was embellished. Belfort was portrayed by Leonardo DiCaprio, who won the Golden Globe for Best Actor and was nominated for an Oscar for Best Actor for his performance. Jordan Belfort Jordan Ross Belfort (; born July 9, 1962) is an American author, motivational speaker, and former stockbroker. In 1999, he pleaded guilty to fraud and related crimes in connection with stock-market manipulation and running a boiler room as part of a penny-stock scam. Belfort spent 22", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4038202", "chunk_text": "\"72nd Academy Awards\"\n26, 2000. Sam Mendes was the sixth person to win Best Director for his directorial debut. Best Actor winner Kevin Spacey became the tenth performer to win acting Oscars in both lead and supporting categories. By virtue of her father Jon Voight's Best Lead Actor win for 1978's \"\"Coming Home\"\", Best Supporting Actress winner Angelina Jolie and Voight became the second father-daughter Oscar acting winners. Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger (). The following 17 films received multiple nominations: The following four films received multiple awards: The following individuals presented awards or performed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4338166", "chunk_text": "\"83rd Academy Awards\"\nmarking the first time for each. In related events, the Academy held its second annual Governors Awards ceremony at the Grand Ballroom of the Hollywood and Highland Center on November 13, 2010. On February 12, 2011, in a ceremony at the Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Beverly Hills, California, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Marisa Tomei. \"\"Inception\"\" and \"\"The King's Speech\"\" won four awards each with the latter film winning Best Picture. Other winners included \"\"The Social Network\"\" with three awards, \"\"Alice in Wonderland\"\", \"\"The Fighter\"\", and \"\"Toy Story 3\"\", with two awards, and \"\"Black Swan\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11313784", "chunk_text": "\"89th Academy Awards\"\nto win an Academy Award, surpassing the 431-minute long \"\"War and Peace,\"\" which won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1969. Following the five-part documentary's win, new Academy rules barred any \"\"multi-part or limited series\"\" from being eligible for documentary categories. With Casey Affleck winning the Oscar for Best Actor, him and his older brother, Ben Affleck, became the 16th pair of siblings to win Academy Awards. Mahershala Ali became the first Muslim actor to win an Oscar. Viola Davis became the first black person to achieve the Triple Crown of Acting with her Oscar, Emmy, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16487180", "chunk_text": "\"88th Academy Awards\"\n\"\"Straight Outta Compton\"\" (18th), \"\"The Revenant\"\" (15th), \"\"Mad Max: Fury Road\"\" (21st), \"\"Creed\"\" (29th), and \"\"Bridge of Spies\"\" (42nd) were nominated for Best Picture, Best Animated Feature, or any of the directing, acting, or screenwriting awards. The other top 50 box office hits that earned nominations were \"\"Star Wars: The Force Awakens\"\" (1st), \"\"Cinderella\"\" (9th), \"\"Spectre\"\" (10th), and \"\"Fifty Shades of Grey\"\" (17th). Shortly after the nominations were announced, many media outlets observed that there was a lack of racial diversity amongst the nominees in major categories. For the second consecutive year, all twenty acting nominees and four out of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14954335", "chunk_text": "\"Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010\"\nBest Actor (Jesse Eisenberg), and Best Screenplay (Aaron Sorkin) categories. \"\"Inception\"\" was the only other film to garner multiple awards, winning both the Best Original Score (Hans Zimmer) and Best Cinematography (Wally Pfister) prizes. The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for \"\"Black Swan\"\", Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for \"\"True Grit\"\", and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for \"\"The Fighter\"\". The remaining film honors went to \"\"Toy Story 3\"\" as Best Animated Film, \"\"Restrepo\"\" as Best Documentary, and \"\"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\"\" as Best Foreign Language Film. \"\"We Are Sex Bob-Omb\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17966033", "chunk_text": "\"Golden Raspberry Awards\"\nboth the Golden Lion and the Worst Director Razzie for \"\"Mother!\"\". \"\"Wall Street\"\" (1987) is the only film to date to win both an Oscar and a Razzie. Michael Douglas won the Academy Award for Best Actor, however Daryl Hannah's performance was not as well received and earned her a Razzie for Worst Supporting Actress. Current Awards Retired Special categories have also been introduced for specific years. Such special awards include: Every decade-closing ceremony includes an award for the worst actors and movies of the decade—though the 2000 ceremony put the actors as worst of the 20th century instead. Special", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7481106", "chunk_text": "\"73rd Academy Awards\"\nRegent Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Beverly Hills, California held on March 3, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Renée Zellweger. \"\"Gladiator\"\" won five awards including Best Picture. Other winners included \"\"Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon\"\" and \"\"Traffic\"\" with four awards, and \"\"Almost Famous\"\", \"\"Big Mama\"\", \"\"Erin Brockovich\"\", \"\"Father and Daughter\"\", \"\"How the Grinch Stole Christmas\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"Pollock\"\", \"\"Quiero ser (I want to be...)\"\", \"\"U-571\"\", and \"\"Wonder Boys\"\" with one. The telecast garnered almost 43 million viewers in the United States. The nominees for the 73rd Academy Awards were announced on February 13, 2001, by Robert Rehme, president", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16331525", "chunk_text": "\"Leonardo DiCaprio\"\n\"\"Roger Ebert.com\"\" described his performance as Gatsby as \"\"The movie's greatest and simplest special effect,\"\" and states \"\"This is an iconic performance—maybe his career best.\"\" The film grossed $348 million worldwide and became Luhrmann's highest-grossing film. DiCaprio reunited with Scorsese for the fifth time in \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\", a film based on the life of stockbroker Jordan Belfort, who was arrested in the late 1990s for securities fraud and money laundering. Filming began on August 8, 2012, in New York, and the film was released on December 25, 2013. The role earned him a Golden Globe Award for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2115505", "chunk_text": "\"Academy Award for Best Picture\"\nbut ineligible for Best Foreign Language Film, as it was an American production); and \"\"Amour\"\" (French, 2012). Only nine films wholly financed outside the United States have won Best Picture, eight of which were financed, in part or in whole, by the United Kingdom. Those films being: \"\"Hamlet\"\" (1948), \"\"Tom Jones\"\" (1963), \"\"A Man for All Seasons\"\" (1966), \"\"Chariots of Fire\"\" (1981), \"\"Gandhi\"\" (1982), \"\"The Last Emperor\"\" (1987), \"\"Slumdog Millionaire\"\" (2008), and \"\"The King's Speech\"\" (2010). The ninth film, \"\"The Artist\"\", (2011) was financed by France. Other points of contention include genres (or styles in case of animation) of film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4990241", "chunk_text": "\"The Big Short (film)\"\nfunny. Instead of having a sense of humor, he felt that his character should have been angry all of the time. Adam McKay and Charles Randolph won the Academy Award, BAFTA Award, and Writers Guild of America Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. They also won an Empire Award for the Best Screenplay. Christian Bale won the Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actor in a Comedy and the Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actor (Motion Picture). Hank Corwin won the American Cinema Editors Award for Best Edited Feature Film (Comedy or Musical) and Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10267933", "chunk_text": "\"75th Academy Awards\"\nto win Best Actor. With her 13th nomination, Meryl Streep became the most nominated actor in Oscar history. Meanwhile, Best Actor nominee Jack Nicholson earned his 12th nomination, extending his record as the most nominated male performer. Julianne Moore was the ninth performer to earn two acting nominations in the same year. \"\"Lose Yourself\"\" from \"\"8 Mile\"\" became the first rap song to win the Best Original Song award. Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger (). The following 13 films received multiple nominations: The following four films received multiple awards: The following individuals", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1774515", "chunk_text": "\"89th Academy Awards\"\nTony wins. At the age of thirty-two years and thirty-eight days, Damien Chazelle became the youngest person to win Best Director; Norman Taurog was only two hundred and twenty-two days older than Chazelle when he won Best Director for the 1931 comedy \"\"Skippy\"\". Kevin O'Connell finally ended the longest losing streak in Oscar history after 20 unsuccessful nominations for sound mixing, winning for \"\"Hacksaw Ridge\"\". \"\"Moonlight\"\"s Dede Gardner became the first woman to win twice for producing, following her previous Best Picture win for \"\"12 Years a Slave\"\". Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18344595", "chunk_text": "\"81st Academy Awards\"\nwin Best Picture without any acting nominations. Sean Penn became the ninth person to win Best Lead Actor twice. Best Supporting Actor winner Heath Ledger became the second performer to win a posthumous acting Oscar. The first actor to receive this distinction was Peter Finch who posthumously won Best Actor for \"\"Network\"\" two months after his death in January 1977. With its six nominations, \"\"WALL-E\"\" tied with 1991's \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\" as the most nominated animated film in Oscar history. Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface. The following 15 films received multiple nominations: The following four films received", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16321299", "chunk_text": "\"63rd Academy Awards\"\n(17th), \"\"Goodfellas\"\" (30th), and \"\"Awakenings\"\" (34th) were nominated for Best Picture, directing, acting or screenwriting. The other top 50 box office hits that earned the nominations were \"\"Home Alone\"\" (1st), \"\"The Hunt for Red October\"\" (5th), \"\"Total Recall\"\" (6th), \"\"Days of Thunder\"\" (12th), and \"\"Edward Scissorhands\"\" (22nd). The show received a mixed reception from media publications. Some media outlets were more critical of the show. Rick DuBrow of the \"\"Los Angeles Times\"\" wrote, \"\"It was a long day's journey into night for Oscar, one of the most effective sleeping pills of the year.\"\" He also added that while host Crystal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4332895", "chunk_text": "\"Gus Van Sant\"\nto \"\"Good Will Hunting\"\", which starred and was written by Matt Damon and Ben Affleck. The film—about a troubled, blue-collar mathematical genius—was a huge critical and commercial success. It was nominated for nine Academy Awards, including Best Director for Van Sant. It also won two, including Best Screenplay for Damon and Affleck, and Best Supporting Actor Oscar for Robin Williams, who, in his acceptance speech, referred to Van Sant as \"\"the mellowest man in Hollywood.\"\" Van Sant, Damon and Affleck parodied themselves and the film's success in Kevin Smith's\"\" Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back\"\". The success of \"\"Good Will", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3386	who was the youngest president to be elected?	n/a	[ "Theodore Roosevelt", "John F. Kennedy" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13036077", "chunk_text": "\"1988 United States presidential election\"\nplagiarism charges. Al Gore, a Senator from Tennessee, also chose to run for the nomination. Turning 40 in 1988, he would have been the youngest man to contest the Presidency on a major party ticket since William Jennings Bryan in 1896, and the youngest president ever if elected, younger than John F. Kennedy at election age and Theodore Roosevelt at age of assumption of office. He eventually became the 45th Vice President of the United States under Bill Clinton, then the Democratic presidential nominee in 2000. Gore was later defeated by George W. Bush, George H.W.'s son, in 2000. After", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14283494", "chunk_text": "\"Theodore Roosevelt\"\nelection. Roosevelt campaigned vigorously, and the McKinley-Roosevelt ticket won a landslide victory based on a platform of peace, prosperity, and conservation. After taking office as Vice President in March 1901, he became President at age 42 following McKinley's assassination that September, and remains the youngest person to become President of the United States. As a leader of the Progressive movement, he championed his \"\"Square Deal\"\" domestic policies, promising the average citizen fairness, breaking of trusts, regulation of railroads, and pure food and drugs. Making conservation a top priority, he established many new national parks, forests, and monuments intended to preserve", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4160611", "chunk_text": "\"Ulysses S. Grant as commanding general, 1865–1869\"\nothers. The Republican campaign focused on continuing Reconstruction and restoring the public credit. Grant won the election by 300,000 votes out of 5,716,082 votes cast, receiving an electoral college landslide, of 214 votes to Seymour's 80. Grant, at the age of 46 became the youngest president on record. His election was a triumph of principles that included sound money, efficient government, and the restoration of Southern reconstructed states. When he assumed the presidency, Grant had never before held elected office and, at the age of 46, was the youngest person yet elected president. Grant was the first president to be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2742762", "chunk_text": "\"Meeker Hotel\"\nyears.”. With the assassination of President McKinley, Theodore Roosevelt, 42, became the youngest President in the Nation's history. He brought new excitement and power to the Presidency, as he vigorously led Congress and the American public toward progressive reforms and a strong foreign policy. He crusaded endlessly on matters big and small, exciting audiences with his high-pitched voice, jutting jaw, and pounding fist. \"\"The life of strenuous endeavor\"\" was a must for those around him, Leaving the Presidency in 1909, Roosevelt went on an African safari, then jumped back into politics. In 1912, while campaigning he was shot in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5278738", "chunk_text": "\"Governor (United States)\"\nfirst governor of the state of Michigan when it was admitted to the Union in January 1837, when he was 25. Mason was re-elected in November 1837, then age 26. The second youngest governor ever elected was J. Neely Johnson of California, when he was elected in 1855 at the age of 30, and the third youngest governor was Harold Stassen of Minnesota, when he was elected in 1938 at age 31. When future President Bill Clinton was elected Governor of Arkansas in 1978 at age 32, he became the youngest governor since Stassen. In 35 states, the minimum age", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "696822", "chunk_text": "\"Schuyler Colfax\"\nColfax made the unusual choice to cast a vote for passage of the Thirteenth Amendment. (Speakers are able to vote on House motions but, by convention, rarely do so.) After winning the presidential election of 1868, Ulysses S. Grant and Colfax, at ages 46 and 45, were the youngest Presidential ticket elected in the 19th Century. Believing Grant would only serve one term, in 1870 Colfax attempted unsuccessfully to garner support for the 1872 presidential nomination by telling friends and supporters he would not seek a second vice presidential term. Grant ran again, and Colfax reversed himself and attempted to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2688074", "chunk_text": "\"Ulysses S. Grant\"\nBedford Forrest, used violence and intimidation across the South in three states: Kansas, Georgia, and Louisiana. Grant won the popular vote by 300,000 votes out of 5,716,082 votes cast, receiving an Electoral College landslide of 214 votes to Seymour's 80. Seymour received a majority of white votes, but Grant was aided by 500,000 votes cast by blacks, winning him 52.7 percent of the popular vote. At the age of 46, Grant was the youngest president yet elected, and the first president after the nation had outlawed slavery. On March 4, 1869, Grant was sworn in as the eighteenth President of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7753382", "chunk_text": "\"William Henry Harrison\"\nTyler as his running mate. Harrison and Tyler, known famously as “Tippecanoe and Tyler Too”, defeated Van Buren in the 1840 election. Harrison was the oldest person to be elected president until Ronald Reagan in 1981 and later Donald Trump in 2017. Harrison died of pneumonia a month after taking office, and Tyler assumed the presidency, setting a major precedent in succession. Due to Harrison's brief time in office, scholars and historians often forgo listing this president in historical rankings. William Henry Harrison, the seventh and youngest child of Benjamin Harrison V and Elizabeth (Bassett) Harrison, was born on February", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "696693", "chunk_text": "\"John C. Breckinridge\"\nJohn C. Breckinridge John Cabell Breckinridge (January 16, 1821 – May 17, 1875) was an American lawyer, politician, and soldier. He represented Kentucky in both houses of Congress and became the 14th and youngest-ever Vice President of the United States, serving from 1857 to 1861. He was a member of the Democratic party. He served in the U.S. Senate during the outbreak of the American Civil War, but was expelled after joining the Confederate Army. He was appointed Confederate Secretary of War in 1865. Breckinridge was born near Lexington, Kentucky to a prominent local family. After non-combat service during the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17848179", "chunk_text": "\"John Tyler\"\nTyler, at 51, became the youngest president to that point. \"\"Fearing that he would alienate Harrison's supporters, Tyler decided to keep the dead President's entire cabinet even though several members were openly hostile to him and resented his assumption of the office.\"\" At his first cabinet meeting, Webster informed him of Harrison's practice of making policy by a majority vote. The Cabinet fully expected the new president to continue this practice. Tyler was astounded and immediately corrected them: Tyler delivered an inaugural address before the Congress on April 9, in which he reasserted his belief in fundamental tenets of Jeffersonian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17565126", "chunk_text": "\"Political career of John C. Breckinridge\"\n17, 1875. Political career of John C. Breckinridge The political career of John C. Breckinridge included service in the state government of Kentucky, the United States federal government, and the government of the Confederate States of America. In 1857, at 36 years old, he was inaugurated as James Buchanan's vice president, and remains the youngest person to ever hold the office. Four years later, he ran as the presidential candidate of a dissident group of Southern Democrats, but lost the election to the Republican candidate, Abraham Lincoln. A member of the Breckinridge political family, in 1849 John C. Breckinridge became", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20819054", "chunk_text": "\"Political career of John C. Breckinridge\"\nPolitical career of John C. Breckinridge The political career of John C. Breckinridge included service in the state government of Kentucky, the United States federal government, and the government of the Confederate States of America. In 1857, at 36 years old, he was inaugurated as James Buchanan's vice president, and remains the youngest person to ever hold the office. Four years later, he ran as the presidential candidate of a dissident group of Southern Democrats, but lost the election to the Republican candidate, Abraham Lincoln. A member of the Breckinridge political family, in 1849 John C. Breckinridge became the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15842153", "chunk_text": "\"Presidency of John F. Kennedy\"\nthe 20th century. Kennedy won the popular vote by a narrow margin of 120,000 votes out of a record 68.8 million ballots cast. He won the electoral vote by a wider margin, receiving 303 votes to Nixon's 219. 14 unpledged electors from two states—Alabama and Mississippi—voted for Senator Harry F. Byrd of Virginia, as did one faithless elector in Oklahoma. In the concurrent congressional elections, Democrats retained wide majorities in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. Kennedy was the first person born in the 20th century to be elected president, and, at age 43, the youngest person elected", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10690546", "chunk_text": "\"1960 United States presidential election\"\nof inauguration. Kennedy, by contrast, was 43 years, 236 days, on the date of his inauguration; the second-youngest man to begin a Presidency (at 42 Theodore Roosevelt, who assumed the Presidency upon the assassination of President William McKinley 60 years previously, was the youngest). During Kennedy's campaign he relied on his youth and promised to bring about change. Kennedy had a slogan emphasizing his youth reading, \"\"who's seasoned through and through/but not so dog-gone seasoned that he won't try something new.\"\" He was also endorsed by celebrities such as, Henry Fonda and Harry Belafonte. Nixon relied on his experience in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2270167", "chunk_text": "\"John C. Breckinridge\"\nThirty-six years old at the time of his inauguration on March 4, 1857, Breckinridge was the youngest vice-president in U.S. history, exceeding the minimum age required under the Constitution by only a year. Buchanan resented the fact that Breckinridge had supported both Pierce and Douglas before endorsing his nomination. Relations between the two were further strained when, upon asking for a private interview with Buchanan, Breckinridge was told to come to the White House and ask for Harriet Lane, who acted as the mansion's host for the unmarried president. Feeling slighted by the response, Breckinridge refused to carry out these", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17268016", "chunk_text": "\"Political career of John C. Breckinridge\"\nelection to the House. \"\"Buck and Breck\"\" won the election with 174 electoral votes to Frémont's 114 and Fillmore's 8, and Democrats carried Kentucky for the first time since 1828. Thirty-six at the time of his inauguration on March 4, 1857, Breckinridge remains the youngest vice president in U.S. history. When Breckinridge asked to meet with Buchanan shortly after the inauguration, Buchanan told him to come to the White House and ask to see the hostess, Harriet Lane. Offended, Breckinridge refused to do so; Buchanan's friends later explained that asking to see Lane was a secret instruction to take a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18279469", "chunk_text": "\"John F. Kennedy\"\nwhich won a Pulitzer Prize for Biography. In the 1960 presidential election, Kennedy narrowly defeated Republican opponent Richard Nixon, who was the incumbent vice president. At age 43, he became the second-youngest man to serve as president (after Theodore Roosevelt), the youngest man to be elected as U.S. president, as well as the only Roman Catholic to occupy that office. Kennedy's time in office was marked by high tensions with communist states in the Cold War. He increased the number of American military advisers in South Vietnam by a factor of 18 over President Dwight D. Eisenhower. In April 1961,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1445988", "chunk_text": "\"Fernando Collor de Mello\"\nFernando Collor de Mello Fernando Affonso Collor de Mello (; born August 12, 1949) is a Brazilian politician who served as the 32nd President of Brazil from 1990 to 1992, when he resigned in a failed attempt to stop his impeachment trial by the Brazilian Senate. Collor was the first President directly elected by the people after the end of the Brazilian military government. He became the youngest president in Brazilian history, taking office at the age of 40. After he resigned from the presidency, the impeachment trial on charges of corruption continued. Collor was found guilty by the Senate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12836984", "chunk_text": "\"Rush Holt Sr.\"\nthe United States Senate, but because a Senator is constitutionally required to be at least 30 years old, he could not take his seat until after his 30th birthday in June 1935. Holt was the youngest person ever popularly elected to the U.S. Senate. Holt was elected with the support of the United Mine Workers and the endorsement of Democratic West Virginia Senator Matthew M. Neely. Holt proclaimed himself an unequivocal supporter of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, but according to William E. Coffey, \"\"most knowledgeable observers ... viewed Holt as politically left of the president.\"\" However, by 1936, Holt emerged", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2270233", "chunk_text": "\"John C. Breckinridge\"\nJohn Hunt Morgan statue from the Courthouse grounds. Amy Murrell Taylor, an associate professor of history at the University of Kentucky, claimed that the \"\"statues are not and have never been neutral representations of the Civil War past but instead they are embodiments of a racially charged postwar interpretation of it.\"\" John C. Breckinridge John Cabell Breckinridge (January 16, 1821 – May 17, 1875) was an American lawyer, politician, and soldier. He represented Kentucky in both houses of Congress and became the 14th and youngest-ever Vice President of the United States, serving from 1857 to 1861. He was a member", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9331908", "chunk_text": "\"Faye Wattleton\"\nFaye Wattleton Faye Wattleton (born Alyce Faye Wattleton; 8 July 1943) is the first African American, the youngest president ever elected to Planned Parenthood Federation of America, and the first woman since Margaret Sanger to hold the position. She is best known for her contributions to family planning and reproductive health, as well as the pro-choice movement. Wattleton was born in St. Louis, Missouri, in 1943, the only child of a construction worker father and a mother who was a seamstress and a Church of God minister. During her childhood, her mother's calling meant that the family traveled frequently, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9962018", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential election, 1840\"\npopular vote and 234 of the 294 electoral votes. 42.4% of the voting age population voted for Harrison, the highest percentage in the history of the United States up to that time. Van Buren's loss made him the third president to lose re-election. The Whigs did not get to enjoy the benefits of their electoral victory. The 67-year-old Harrison was the oldest U.S. president elected until Ronald Reagan won the 1980 presidential election, and Harrison died a little more than a month after his inauguration. Harrison was succeeded by John Tyler, who proved to be disastrous for the Whigs. While", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3102809", "chunk_text": "\"Joseph Story\"\n15, 1811, at the age of , Story became—and, as of 2018 remains—the youngest person nominated to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court. He was chosen by President James Madison to succeed William Cushing, who had died 14 months earlier. Madison's previous nominee for the seat, John Quincy Adams, was confirmed by the United States Senate, but had declined to serve. The Senate confirmed Story's nomination and Madison signed his commission on November 18, 1811. Story swore his oath and assumed office on February 3, 1812. Story joined the Court at a critical time, as it was just beginning to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13802892", "chunk_text": "\"Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt\"\nof office. Being a few weeks short of his 43rd birthday, Roosevelt became the youngest president in U.S. history, a distinction he still retains. When asked whether he was ready to take the oath, Roosevelt answered, Roosevelt would later state that he came into office without any particular domestic policy goals. He broadly adhered to most Republican positions on economic issues, with the partial exception of the protective tariff. Roosevelt had stronger views in foreign policy, as he wanted the United States to accept the mantle of a great power in international relations. Anxious to ensure a smooth transition, Roosevelt", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12072526", "chunk_text": "\"Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant\"\nvoting. On March 4, 1869, Grant was sworn in as the eighteenth President of the United States by Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase. At age forty-six, he was the youngest president yet elected. In his inaugural address, Grant urged the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment and said he would approach Reconstruction \"\"calmly, without prejudice, hate or sectional pride.\"\" He also recommended the \"\"proper treatment\"\" of Native Americans be studied, advocating their civilization and eventual citizenship. Newspaper editorials praised Grant's speech: \"\"The New York Times\"\" favorably compared it to Lincoln's second inaugural address and praised his cabinet selections. Others, however, were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3884478", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential election\"\ntheir first term after winning an election. The remaining nine began their first term as president according to the presidential line of succession after the intra-term death or resignation of their predecessor. Of these, Theodore Roosevelt, Calvin Coolidge, Harry S. Truman, and Lyndon B. Johnson were subsequently elected to a full term of their own, while John Tyler, Millard Fillmore, Andrew Johnson, Chester A. Arthur, and Gerald Ford were not. Ford's accession to the presidency is unique in American history in that he became vice president through the process prescribed by the Twenty-fifth Amendment rather than by winning an election,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "636742", "chunk_text": "\"Watergate Babies\"\nWatergate Babies Watergate Babies are Democrats first elected to the United States Congress in 1974, following President Richard Nixon's resignation over the Watergate scandal, on August 9, 1974. Tom Downey of New York was the youngest among the \"\"babies\"\", aged 25 upon his election, the minimum age at which one may serve in the U.S. House of Representatives. Future Senator Chris Dodd (D-Connecticut) was also elected to Congress in this election cycle. In November 1974, Democrats picked up 49 seats in the House and 5 in the Senate. This group greatly increased the strength of Northerners and liberals in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17346632", "chunk_text": "\"Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps\"\nJennings Bryan for the Presidency (1897–1901). McKinley was assassinated early in his second term while attending the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo in 1901. Theodore Roosevelt (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919) was the 26th President of the United States. He served as president from September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909. In 1901, President William McKinley was assassinated, and Roosevelt became president at the age of 42, taking office at the youngest age of any US President in history at that time. Roosevelt was a hero of the Spanish–American War and the Battle of San Juan Hill for which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4935375", "chunk_text": "\"Faye Wattleton\"\nAward; and the Women's Honors in Public Service from the American Nurses Association. Wattleton served on the Boards for Estée Lauder Companies, Quidel Corporation, Bio-Technology General, Yellowbox.com, Empire Blue Cross & Blue Shield, The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, Institute for International Education and Jazz at Lincoln Center. Wattleton has also received 15 honorary doctoral degrees. Faye Wattleton Faye Wattleton (born Alyce Faye Wattleton; 8 July 1943) is the first African American, the youngest president ever elected to Planned Parenthood Federation of America, and the first woman since Margaret Sanger to hold the position. She is best known for her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5968210", "chunk_text": "\"Galusha Pennypacker\"\nGalusha Pennypacker Uriah Galusha Pennypacker (June 1, 1841/1844 – October 1, 1916) was a Union general during the American Civil War. He may be the youngest person to hold the rank of brigadier general in the US Army; at the age of 20, he remains the only general too young to vote for the president who appointed him. Pennypacker was born supposedly June 1, 1844, but the year is uncertain. Census and other records indicate an earlier year of birth, perhaps 1840–41; his death record cites June 1, 1842. Ages in this article are based on the 1844 date. He", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15838343", "chunk_text": "\"James K. Polk\"\nwhole operations of the government myself rather than intrust the public business to subordinates, and this makes my duties very great.\"\" When he took office on March 4, 1845, Polk, at 49, became the youngest president to that point. Polk's inauguration was the first inaugural ceremony to be reported by telegraph, and first to be shown in a newspaper illustration (in \"\"The Illustrated London News\"\"). In his inaugural address, delivered in a steady rain, Polk made clear his support for annexation by referring to the 28 states, thus including Texas. He proclaimed his fidelity to Jackson's principles by quoting his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17346622", "chunk_text": "\"Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps\"\n27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was the 18th President of the United States. A national hero of the American Civil War, Grant was elected president in 1868, the youngest man theretofore elected president. He was re-elected in 1872. Grant began his lifelong career as a soldier after graduating from the United States Military Academy in 1843. Fighting in the Mexican American War, he was a close observer of the techniques of Generals Zachary Taylor and Winfield Scott. During President Johnson's term, Grant was appointed to be the Secretary of War. Ulysses S. Grant died in 1885 and first appeared", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "348411", "chunk_text": "\"1972 United States presidential election\"\n1972 presidential election was the first since the ratification of the 26th Amendment, which lowered the voting age from 21 to 18. Within two years of the election, both Nixon and Vice President Spiro Agnew resigned from office, the former due to Watergate and the latter to a separate corruption charge, and Nixon was succeeded by Gerald Ford. Overall, fifteen people declared their candidacy for the Democratic Party nomination. They were: Senate Majority Whip Ted Kennedy, the youngest brother of late President John F. Kennedy and late United States Senator Robert F. Kennedy, was the favorite to win the 1972", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15621251", "chunk_text": "\"Baby of the House\"\ngenerally seek election to the state legislature (which generally have lower minimum ages for entry) or other state office before seeking to serve in Washington. In the 115th Congress, which began on 3 January 2017, the youngest member of the United States House of Representatives is Elise Stefanik, who was born on , and was first elected in 2014. Stefanik is five days younger than the second youngest member, Conor Lamb, who was elected in a 2018 special election. She was also the youngest woman elected to the House in U.S. history, until Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, was elected at the age", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17116175", "chunk_text": "\"Valéry Giscard d'Estaing\"\nSocialist candidate François Mitterrand by 425,000 votes—still the closest election in French history. At 48, he was the fourth youngest president in French history at the time, after Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte and Jean Casimir-Perier. In 2017, Emmanuel Macron, at the age of 39, became the youngest President in the history of France. He promised \"\"change in continuity\"\". He made clear his desire to introduce various reforms and modernise French society, which was an important part of his presidency. He for instance reduced from 21 to 18 the age of majority and pushed for the development of the TGV high speed train", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17961472", "chunk_text": "\"Kids Pick the President\"\nblock. Clinton was the winner, with 53 percent of the vote; Trump received 36 percent while Johnson received 11 percent; this would be the second time the kids vote would not match the winner of the general election. The \"\"Scholastic Election\"\" has been conducted by Scholastic Corporation Scholastic News every election year since 1940. It claims to have predicted the final election results correctly with three exceptions: Harry S. Truman's win over Thomas Dewey in the United States presidential election, 1948, John F. Kennedy's win over Richard Nixon in the United States presidential election, 1960, and Donald Trump's win over", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19096192", "chunk_text": "\"Inauguration of John F. Kennedy\"\nthe inauguration, Kennedy, then 43, was the youngest elected president and was replacing the oldest president in American history at that time, Eisenhower. The age difference and visual impact of the turnover from Eisenhower's presence to Kennedy's was noticeable at the inauguration. In addition, Kennedy was the first person born in the 20th century to have been inaugurated as President. The claim that Kennedy did not wear a hat to his inauguration, and so single-handedly killed the men's hat industry, is false. Kennedy wore a top hat to the inauguration and to the balls in the evening, removing it only", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5457625", "chunk_text": "\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\nNixon providing the majority vote). Eisenhower was the last president born in the 19th century, and at age 62, was the oldest man elected President since James Buchanan in 1856 (President Truman stood at 64 in 1948 as the incumbent president, having succeeded to the Presidency in 1945 upon the death of Franklin Roosevelt). Eisenhower was the only general to serve as President in the 20th century and was the most recent President to have never held elected office prior to the Presidency until Donald Trump, who never held public office nor served in the military; the other Presidents who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9023736", "chunk_text": "\"Peter A. Porter (colonel)\"\nJefferson from 1805 to 1806. His maternal grandmother was Mary Hopkins Cabell, of the Cabell political family. His maternal uncles were Cabell Breckinridge (1788–1823), Rev. Dr. John Breckinridge (1797–1841), Robert Jefferson Breckinridge (1800–1871), and Rev. Dr. William Lewis Breckinridge (1803–1876). His first cousin was John C. Breckinridge (1821–1875), the youngest-ever Vice President of the United States, serving from 1857 until 1861, under President James Buchanan. His paternal grandfather was Col. Joshua Porter (1730–1825), a Yale College graduate, who fought in the Revolutionary War. He was at the head of his regiment in October 1777 when John Burgoyne surrendered his 6,000", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3381690", "chunk_text": "\"Joe Biden\"\nagainst South Africa; he received considerable attention when he excoriated Secretary of State George P. Shultz at a Senate hearing because of the administration's support of that country, which continued to practice the apartheid system. Biden ran for the 1988 Democratic presidential nomination, formally declaring his candidacy at the Wilmington train station on June 9, 1987. He was attempting to become the youngest president since John F. Kennedy. When the campaign began, he was considered a potentially strong candidate because of his moderate image, his speaking ability on the stump, his appeal to Baby Boomers, his high-profile position as chair", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3884477", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential election\"\nhad never held a position in either government or the military prior to taking office. The only previous experience that Zachary Taylor, Ulysses S. Grant, and Dwight D. Eisenhower had was in the military. Herbert Hoover previously served as the Secretary of Commerce. Everyone else served in elected public office before becoming president, such as being Vice President, a member of the United States Congress, or a state or territorial governor. Fourteen Presidents also served as vice president. However, only John Adams (1796), Thomas Jefferson (1800), Martin Van Buren (1836), Richard Nixon (1968) and George H. W. Bush (1988) began", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7949232", "chunk_text": "\"History of the United States (1991–2008)\"\nBill Clinton won the 1992 contest with 43% of the vote in a three-way race against Bush's 38%. Independent candidate Ross Perot tapped the discontent of the electorate with both parties, drawing roughly evenly from both candidates to receive a record 19% of the popular vote, but no electoral votes. Perot's result qualified his Reform Party to receive Federal Election Commission matching funds for campaign contributions in the 1996 election, thus laying the groundwork for another three-way race during the 1996 presidential election. Aged 46 when he took office in January 1993, Clinton was one of the youngest presidents in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17703536", "chunk_text": "\"Inauguration of John Quincy Adams\"\nInauguration of John Quincy Adams The inauguration of John Quincy Adams as the sixth President of the United States took place on Friday, March 4, 1825, in the House Chamber of the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C.. The inauguration marked the commencement of the four-year term of John Quincy Adams as President and the first term of John C. Calhoun as Vice President. Adams was the first president to have been the son of a former President–John Adams; and Calhoun, at age 42 on Inauguration Day, was the second-youngest vice president (after Daniel D. Tompkins, who was 3 months younger", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3884479", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential election\"\nthus making him the only U.S. president to not have been elected to either office. Sixteen presidents had previously served in the U.S. Senate, including four of the five who served between 1945 and 1974. However, only three were incumbent senators at the time they were elected president (Warren G. Harding in 1920, John F. Kennedy in 1960, and Barack Obama in 2008). Eighteen presidents had earlier served in the House of Representatives. However, only one was a sitting representative when elected to presidency (James A. Garfield in 1880). Four of the last seven presidents (Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, Bill", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18588994", "chunk_text": "\"Schuyler Colfax\"\n45 respectively at the time of their inauguration, were the youngest presidential and vice presidential team until the inauguration of Bill Clinton and Al Gore in 1993. Colfax and John Nance Garner, the first vice president under Franklin Roosevelt, are the only two vice presidents to have been Speaker of the House of Representatives prior to becoming vice president. As the vice president is also the President of the Senate, Colfax and Garner are the only people to have served as the presiding officer of both Houses of Congress. On Friday, January 6, 1872, from Washington, D.C., in a letter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9459911", "chunk_text": "\"Al Gore\"\ndoes not reject the idea out of hand.\"\" At the time, he was 39 years old, making him the \"\"youngest serious Presidential candidate since John F. Kennedy.\"\" CNN noted that, \"\"in 1988, for the first time, 12 Southern states would hold their primaries on the same day, dubbed \"\"Super Tuesday\"\". Gore thought he would be the only serious Southern contender; he had not counted on Jesse Jackson.\"\" Jackson defeated Gore in the South Carolina Primary, winning, \"\"more than half the total vote, three times that of his closest rival here, Senator Albert Gore Jr. of Tennessee.\"\" Gore next placed great", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13839889", "chunk_text": "\"Jonathan Dayton\"\nJersey, are named in his honor. Jonathan Dayton Jonathan Dayton (October 16, 1760October 9, 1824) was an American politician from the U.S. state of New Jersey. He was the youngest person to sign the United States Constitution and a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, serving as its third Speaker, and later in the U.S. Senate. Dayton was arrested in 1807 for treason in connection with Aaron Burr's conspiracy. He was never tried, but his national political career never recovered. Dayton was born in Elizabethtown (now known as Elizabeth), New Jersey. He was the son of Elias Dayton, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17346614", "chunk_text": "\"Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps\"\nninth President of the United States, and served in the U.S. Army as an officer. A hero in the War of 1812, he was the first president to die in office. The oldest president elected until Ronald Reagan in 1980, and last President to be born before the United States Declaration of Independence, Harrison died on his thirty-second day in office. Harrison's grandson, Benjamin Harrison of Indiana, was the 23rd president, from 1889 to 1893, making them the only grandparent–grandchild pair of presidents. John Tyler (March 29, 1790 – January 18, 1862) was the tenth President of the United States", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6053828", "chunk_text": "\"Benjamin Harrison\"\nas governor of Virginia. Harrison was seven years old when his grandfather was elected U.S. president, but he did not attend the inauguration. Although Harrison's family was distinguished, his parents were not wealthy. John Scott Harrison, a two-term U.S. congressman from Ohio, spent much of his farm income on his children's education. Despite the family's modest resources, Harrison's boyhood was enjoyable, much of it spent outdoors fishing or hunting. Benjamin Harrison's early schooling took place in a log cabin near his home, but his parents later arranged for a tutor to help him with college preparatory studies. Fourteen-year-old Harrison and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9964252", "chunk_text": "\"1896 United States presidential election\"\nwealth might encourage him to help pay some campaign expenses. At just 36 years of age, Bryan was only a year older than the minimum age required by the Constitution to be president. Bryan remains the youngest person ever nominated by a major party for president. The Prohibition Party found itself going into the Convention divided into two factions, each unwilling to give ground or compromise with the other. The \"\"Broad-Gauge\"\" wing, lead by Charles Bentley and former Kansas Governor John St. John demanded the inclusion of planks endorsing the free coinage of silver at 16:1 and of women's suffrage,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3387	which indian actor has won most national awards?	n/a	[ "Amitabh Bachchan" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2988700", "chunk_text": "\"National Film Award for Best Actor\"\nTamil (seven awards), Bengali (five awards), Marathi (three awards), Kannada (three awards) and English (two awards). The first recipient was Uttam Kumar from Bengali cinema, who was honoured at the 15th National Film Awards in 1968 for his performances in \"\"Anthony Firingee\"\" and \"\"Chiriyakhana\"\". As of 2017, Amitabh Bachchan is the most honoured actor with four awards followed by Kamal Haasan and Mammootty with three awards, while six actors—Sanjeev Kumar, Mithun Chakraborty, Om Puri, Naseeruddin Shah, Mohanlal, and Ajay Devgn—have won the award two times. Two actors have achieved the honour for performing in two languagesMithun Chakraborty (Hindi and Bengali)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7896434", "chunk_text": "\"Filmfare Award for Best Actor\"\n1983 having total 15 nominations and winning the award twice in 1978 and 1979. Dilip Kumar achieved supremacy in 1950s with four wins and continued domination in 1960s with three wins. Rajesh Khanna took over in the 1970s with three wins. Naseeruddin Shah emerged successful in the 1980s with three wins. Shah Rukh Khan garnered triumph with four wins in the 1990s. Hrithik Roshan had four wins in 2000s. Ranbir Kapoor are leading the 2010s with two wins to their credit. Amitabh Bachchan and Shah Rukh Khan hold the record for the highest number of \"\"Best Actor\"\" nominations in a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10196052", "chunk_text": "\"Filmfare Award for Best Actor\"\nRoshan has four wins, Rajesh Khanna , Naseeruddin Shah and Aamir Khan have three wins each. Seven actors have won the award twice in chronological order they are Raj Kapoor, Sunil Dutt, Dev Anand, Ashok Kumar, Sanjeev Kumar, Anil Kapoor and Ranbir Kapoor. Dilip Kumar also holds the record for most consecutive wins, having won the award for three years in a row from 1956 to 1958. Six other actors have won the award in consecutive years; in chronological order, they are Rajesh Khanna (1971–72), Sanjeev Kumar (1976–77), Amitabh Bachchan (1978–79), Naseeruddin Shah (1981–82), Shah Rukh Khan (1998–99), and Ranbir", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10196051", "chunk_text": "\"Filmfare Award for Best Actor\"\nFilmfare Award for Best Actor The Filmfare Award for Best Actor is an award, begun in 1954, presented annually at the Filmfare Awards to an actor for the best performance in a leading role in Hindi cinema. This is given by \"\"Filmfare\"\" as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi (Bollywood) films. The award was first given in 1954. As of 2018, Dilip Kumar and Shah Rukh Khan lead the list, with eight wins each. Dilip Kumar and Shah Rukh Khan, with eight wins, have more Best Actor awards than any other actor. Amitabh Bachchan has five wins, Hrithik", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2988699", "chunk_text": "\"National Film Award for Best Actor\"\nwas renamed as the \"\"Rajat Kamal Award for the Best Actor\"\". Throughout the past 45 years, accounting for ties and repeat winners, the Government of India has presented a total of 52 \"\"Best Actor\"\" awards to 40 actors. Until 1974, winners of the National Film Award received a figurine and certificate; since 1975, they have been awarded with a \"\"Rajat Kamal\"\" (silver lotus), certificate and a cash prize. Although the Indian film industry produces films in around 20 languages and dialects, the actors whose performances have won awards have worked in seven major languages: Hindi (twenty-two awards), Malayalam (thirteen awards),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13469193", "chunk_text": "\"Cinema of India\"\ndistributed to various parts of Asia, Southern Africa, Northern America, Europe and Oceania. The industry inspired Tamil film-making in Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore and Canada. Rajnikanth is referred to as \"\"Superstar\"\" and holds matinee idol status in South India. Kamal Haasan debuted in 1960 \"\"Kalathur Kannamma\"\", for which he won the President's Gold Medal for Best Child Actor. Kamal Haasan is tied with Mammootty and Bachchan for the most Best Actor National Film Awards, with three. With seven submissions, Kamal Haasan has starred in the highest number of Academy Award submissions. Critically acclaimed composers such as Ilaiyaraaja and A. R.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6699385", "chunk_text": "\"Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor\"\nnomination for a performance. The record of the maximum number of wins in this category is with Amitabh Bachchan having won the award 3 times (2002, 2006 & 2016) and Manoj Bajpayee (1999, 2000 & 2017), followed by three actors (in chronological order): Shahrukh Khan (1994 & 2001), Ranbir Kapoor (2010 & 2012) and Rajkummar Rao (2014 & 2018). There has been only tie in the history between Shahid Kapoor and Manoj Bajpai for Udta Punjab and Aligarh respectively (2017). Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor The Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor is given by \"\"Filmfare\"\" as part of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10196057", "chunk_text": "\"Filmfare Award for Best Actor\"\nsingle year. Amitabh Bachchan has been nominated thrice in 1979 and 1983 and Shah Rukh Khan in 2005. Dilip Kumar, Amitabh Bachchan and Shah Rukh Khan are the most awarded actors in the overall acting categories, with eight awards each: Dilip Kumar and Shah Rukh Khan are the winners of eight \"\"Best Actor\"\" awards, and Amitabh Bachchan is the winner of five \"\"Best Actor\"\" awards and three \"\"Best Supporting Actor\"\" awards. Amitabh Bachchan is the most nominated actor in any major acting category at Filmfare, with 41 nominations overall. Amitabh Bachchan holds a unique record of receiving nominations in this", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10196053", "chunk_text": "\"Filmfare Award for Best Actor\"\nKapoor (2012–13). Actors who have won both Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor awards include Ashok Kumar, Sanjeev Kumar, Amitabh Bachchan, Shammi Kapoor, Anil Kapoor, Anupam Kher, Sunny Deol, Jackie Shroff, Nana Patekar, Farhan Akhtar, Rishi Kapoor and Irrfan Khan. Three actors were nominated for both these awards, \"\"Best Actor\"\" and \"\"Best Supporting Actor\"\", for the same performance: Raaj Kumar for \"\"Kaajal\"\" (1967), Ashok Kumar for \"\"Aashirwad\"\" (1970) and Kamal Haasan for \"\"Saagar\"\" (1986). On both occasions, Ashok Kumar and Kamal Haasan won the \"\"Best Actor\"\" award and Raaj Kumar won the \"\"Best Supporting Actor\"\" award. Nine actors have won", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15699842", "chunk_text": "\"Manoj Bajpayee\"\nManoj Bajpayee Manoj Bajpayee (born 23 April 1969), also credited as Manoj Bajpai, is an Indian film actor who predominantly works in Hindi cinema and has also done Telugu and Tamil language films. He is the recipient of two National Film Awards and four Filmfare Awards. Born in Belwa, a small village in Narkatiaganj, Bihar, Bajpayee aspired to become an actor since childhood. He relocated to Delhi at the age of seventeen, and applied for the National School of Drama, only to be rejected four times. He continued to do theatre while studying in college. Bajpayee made his feature film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "215116", "chunk_text": "\"Aamir Khan\"\nAamir Khan Mohammed Aamir Hussain Khan (; born 14 March 1965), widely known as Aamir Khan, is an Indian film actor, filmmaker and television talk-show host. Through his thirty-year career in Hindi films, Khan has established himself as one of the most popular and influential actors of Indian cinema. He has a large global following, especially in India and China, and has been described by \"\"Newsweek\"\" as \"\"the biggest movie star\"\" in the world. Khan is the recipient of numerous awards, including nine Filmfare Awards, four National Film Awards, and an AACTA Award, as well as an Academy Award nomination.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4020208", "chunk_text": "\"Mithun Chakraborty\"\nMithun Chakraborty Gourang Chakraborty (born 16 June 1952), better known by his stage name Mithun Chakraborty (informally referred to as Mithun Da), is an Indian film actor, singer, producer, writer, social worker, entrepreneur, television presenter and a former Rajya Sabha Member of Parliament. He is the recipient of two Filmfare Awards and three National Film Awards. He made his acting debut with the art house drama \"\"Mrigayaa\"\" (1976), for which he won his first National Film Award for Best Actor. He began his career as a junior actor and went on to establish himself as one of the biggest stars", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10196054", "chunk_text": "\"Filmfare Award for Best Actor\"\nthe \"\"Best Actor\"\" award in both the \"\"Popular\"\" and \"\"Critics\"\" categories; in chronological order they are; Anupam Kher, Shah Rukh Khan, Anil Kapoor, Amitabh Bachchan, Hrithik Roshan, Aamir Khan, Ranbir Kapoor, Rishi Kapoor, Shahid Kapoor and Irrfan Khan. Actors who won both these \"\"Best Actor\"\" awards (\"\"Popular\"\" and \"\"Critics\"\") in the same year are Shah Rukh Khan (1994), Hrithik Roshan (2004), Amitabh Bachchan (2006) and Ranbir Kapoor (2012). Three actors have won the award for their debut performances: Rishi Kapoor for \"\"Bobby\"\" (1974), Anupam Kher for \"\"Saaransh\"\" (1985) and Hrithik Roshan for \"\"Kaho Naa... Pyaar Hai\"\" (2001). Other actors who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3805866", "chunk_text": "\"National Film Award for Best Actor\"\nNational Film Award for Best Actor The National Film Award for Best Actor, officially known as the Rajat Kamal Award for the Best Actor (), is an honour presented annually at the National Film Awards of India instituted since 1967 to actors who have delivered the best performance in a leading role within the Indian film industry. Called the \"\"State Awards for Films\"\" when established in 1954, the National Film Awards ceremony is older than the Directorate of Film Festivals. The State Awards instituted the individual award in 1968 as the \"\"Bharat Award for the Best Actor\"\"; in 1975, it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10611690", "chunk_text": "\"Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards\"\nfrom its basic function of providing clean entertainment, is a strong social, cultural and artistic force to help the progressive development of the nation. Soumitra Chatterjee is the most awarded actor of all time with 9 wins, followed by Uttam Kumar (7) and Prosenjit Chatterjee (7),Rajesh Khanna (4), Sabyasachi Chakraborty (2) and Utpal Dutt (2). Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards commonly referred as BFJA Awards, is given by The Bengal Film Journalists' Association. The BFJA is the oldest association of film critics in India, founded in 1937 to serve the developing film journalism and film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12202018", "chunk_text": "\"Dadasaheb Phalke Award\"\nand was himself a recipient in 1987 at the 35th National Film Awards ceremony. Bommireddy Narasimha Reddy (1974) and Bommireddy Nagi Reddy (1986); Raj Kapoor (1987) and Shashi Kapoor (2014); Lata Mangeshkar (1989) and Asha Bhosle (2000) along with Baldev Raj Chopra (1998) and Yash Chopra (2001) are the siblings who have won the award. The most recent recipient of the award is actor Vinod Khanna who will be honoured at the 65th National Film Awards ceremony. Khanna has been awarded posthumously. Dadasaheb Phalke Award The Dadasaheb Phalke Award is India's highest award in cinema. It is presented annually at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4020235", "chunk_text": "\"Mithun Chakraborty\"\nin 1979. Chakraborty has four children: three sons and a daughter. Won Won Nominated Won Won Won Won Mithun Chakraborty Gourang Chakraborty (born 16 June 1952), better known by his stage name Mithun Chakraborty (informally referred to as Mithun Da), is an Indian film actor, singer, producer, writer, social worker, entrepreneur, television presenter and a former Rajya Sabha Member of Parliament. He is the recipient of two Filmfare Awards and three National Film Awards. He made his acting debut with the art house drama \"\"Mrigayaa\"\" (1976), for which he won his first National Film Award for Best Actor. He began", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1993793", "chunk_text": "\"Anupam Kher\"\nAnupam Kher Anupam Kher (born 7 March 1955) is an Indian actor and the former Chairman of Film and Television Institute of India. He is the recipient of two National Film Awards and eight Filmfare Awards. He has appeared in over 500 films in several languages and many plays. He won the Filmfare Award for Best Actor for his performance in \"\"Saaransh\"\" (1984). He holds the record for winning the Filmfare Award for Best Comedian five times in total for: \"\"Ram Lakhan\"\" (1989), \"\"Lamhe\"\" (1991), \"\"Khel\"\" (1992), \"\"Darr\"\" (1993) and \"\"Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge\"\" (1995). He won the National Film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12146889", "chunk_text": "\"Cinema of India\"\nlate 1980s, and have dominated the Indian box office since the 1990s. Shah Rukh Khan was the most successful for most of the 1990s and 2000s, while Aamir Khan has been the most successful since the late 2000s; according to \"\"Forbes\"\", Aamir Khan is \"\"arguably the world's biggest movie star\"\" as of 2017, due to his immense popularity in India and China. Other Hindi stars include Anil Kapoor, Madhuri Dixit and Kajol. \"\"Haider\"\" (2014, Vishal Bhardwaj), the third instalment of the Indian Shakespearean Trilogy after \"\"Maqbool\"\" (2003) and \"\"Omkara\"\" (2006), won the \"\"People's Choice Award\"\" at the 9th Rome Film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4218949", "chunk_text": "\"Anupam Kher\"\nKher's production house also made some television shows, notable among them Imtihaan (1994). Anupam Kher Anupam Kher (born 7 March 1955) is an Indian actor and the former Chairman of Film and Television Institute of India. He is the recipient of two National Film Awards and eight Filmfare Awards. He has appeared in over 500 films in several languages and many plays. He won the Filmfare Award for Best Actor for his performance in \"\"Saaransh\"\" (1984). He holds the record for winning the Filmfare Award for Best Comedian five times in total for: \"\"Ram Lakhan\"\" (1989), \"\"Lamhe\"\" (1991), \"\"Khel\"\" (1992),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "886079", "chunk_text": "\"Zee Cine Award for Best Actor – Male\"\nZee Cine Award for Best Actor – Male The Zee Cine Award for Best Actor – Male is chosen by the viewers of Zee Entertainment Enterprises as part of its annual award ceremony for Hindi films, to recognise a male actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role. Following its inception in 1998, a ceremony was not held in 2009 and 2010, but resumed back in 2011. Shah Rukh Khan, with seven awards holds the record of the maximum wins in this category. † - indicates the performance also \"\"won\"\" the Filmfare Award for Best Actor<br> ‡", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16012814", "chunk_text": "\"Dilip Kumar\"\nacting.\"\" Some of the talent identified by him who later on became big stars of their own include: Dilip Kumar is widely considered one of the greatest actors in the history of Hindi cinema. He holds the Guinness World Record for winning the maximum number of awards by an Indian actor. He has received many awards throughout his career, including 10 Filmfare Awards for Best Actor and One Lifetime Achievement for Filmfare Also for Special Recognition FilmFare Award for recognising him as one first recipients to receive a Filmfare Award along with the nightingale of India Lata Mangeshkar and one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10196059", "chunk_text": "\"Filmfare Award for Best Actor\"\nin 2011 and 2013 for his role as Chulbul Pandey in \"\"Dabangg\"\" and \"\"Dabangg 2\"\" respectively. Multiple nominees Filmfare Award for Best Actor The Filmfare Award for Best Actor is an award, begun in 1954, presented annually at the Filmfare Awards to an actor for the best performance in a leading role in Hindi cinema. This is given by \"\"Filmfare\"\" as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi (Bollywood) films. The award was first given in 1954. As of 2018, Dilip Kumar and Shah Rukh Khan lead the list, with eight wins each. Dilip Kumar and Shah Rukh Khan,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5282084", "chunk_text": "\"National Film Award for Best Actress\"\nand Urdu. The first recipient was Nargis Dutt from Bollywood, who was honoured at the 15th National Film Award (1968) for her performance in \"\"Raat Aur Din\"\". The actress who won the most number of Rajat Kamal awards is Shabana Azmi with five wins, followed by Sharada with three. As of 2016, five actresses—Smita Patil, Archana, Shobana, Tabu, and Kangana Ranaut—have won the award two times. Sharada, Archana and Shobana are the only three actresses to get the award for performing in two different languages. Sharada was bestowed with the awards for her performances in two Malayalam films: \"\"Thulabharam\"\" and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18546784", "chunk_text": "\"National Film Award for Best Supporting Actor\"\nis given a \"\"Rajat Kamal\"\" (Silver Lotus) certificate and a cash prize of . Including ties and repeat winners, the government of India has presented a total of 32 Best Supporting Actor awards to 29 different actors. Although Indian cinema produces films in more than 20 languages, the actors whose performances have won awards have worked in one or more of seven major languages: Bengali, Hindi, Malayalam, Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, and Marathi. The first recipient was Victor Banerjee, who was honoured at the 32nd National Film Awards for his performance in the Bengali film \"\"Ghare Baire\"\" (1984). As of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "886080", "chunk_text": "\"Zee Cine Award for Best Actor – Male\"\n- indicates the performance was also \"\"nominated\"\" for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor Zee Cine Award for Best Actor – Male The Zee Cine Award for Best Actor – Male is chosen by the viewers of Zee Entertainment Enterprises as part of its annual award ceremony for Hindi films, to recognise a male actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role. Following its inception in 1998, a ceremony was not held in 2009 and 2010, but resumed back in 2011. Shah Rukh Khan, with seven awards holds the record of the maximum wins in this category.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5392806", "chunk_text": "Bollywood\nKhans\"\": Aamir Khan, Shah Rukh Khan, and Salman Khan. Combined, they have starred in most of the top ten highest-grossing Bollywood films. The three Khans have had successful careers since the late 1980s, and have dominated the Indian box office since the 1990s, across three decades. Shah Rukh Khan was the most successful Indian actor for most of the 1990s and 2000s, while Aamir Khan has been the most successful Indian actor since the late 2000s; according to \"\"Forbes\"\", Aamir Khan is \"\"arguably the world's biggest movie star\"\" , due to his immense popularity in the world's two most populous", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2988701", "chunk_text": "\"National Film Award for Best Actor\"\nand Mammootty (Malayalam and English). The most recent recipient is Riddhi Sen, who was honoured at the 65th National Film Awards for his performance in the Bengali film \"\"Nagarkirtan\"\".Riddhi Sen is the youngest reciepient of this prestigious award.He won it at the age of 19. National Film Award for Best Actor The National Film Award for Best Actor, officially known as the Rajat Kamal Award for the Best Actor (), is an honour presented annually at the National Film Awards of India instituted since 1967 to actors who have delivered the best performance in a leading role within the Indian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15121414", "chunk_text": "\"Shah Rukh Khan\"\nreceived a privileged degree from the University of Edinburgh, Scotland. In 2018, Khan was honoured by the World Economic Forum with their annual Crystal Award for his leadership in championing children’s and women’s rights in India. Khan is one of the most decorated Bollywood actors. He has received 14 Filmfare Awards from 30 nominations and special awards, including eight for Best Actor; he is tied for the most in the category with Dilip Kumar. Khan has won the Filmfare Best Actor award for \"\"Baazigar\"\" (1993), \"\"Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge\"\" (1995), \"\"Dil To Pagal Hai\"\" (1997), \"\"Kuch Kuch Hota Hai\"\" (1998),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14602730", "chunk_text": "\"Kerala State Film Award for Best Actor\"\n1970 with Sathyan receiving the award for \"\"Kadalpalam\"\" (1969). In 1981, Nedumudi Venu received the honour for his performance in various films released that year. As of 2017, Mohanlal is the most honoured actor with six awards, followed by Mammootty with five. Two actorsBharat Gopy and Muralihave won the award four times. Prithviraj Sukumaran is the youngest recipient at age 24 for \"\"Vaasthavam\"\" (2006); he replaced Mohanlal, who held this distinction for twenty years from 1986. There were three years when there was a tie for the winnerRajit Kapur and Murali shared the honour in 1998, Fahadh Faasil and Lal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19526009", "chunk_text": "\"Ajay Devgn\"\nAjay Devgn Vishal Devgan (born 2 April 1969), known professionally as Ajay Devgn, is an Indian film actor, director and producer. He is widely considered as one of the most popular and influential actors of Hindi cinema, who has appeared in over a hundred Hindi films. Devgn has won numerous accolades, including two National Film Awards and four Filmfare Awards. In 2016, he was honoured by the Government of India with the Padma Shri, the fourth-highest civilian honour of the country. Devgn began his professional career with \"\"Phool Aur Kaante\"\" in 1991 and received a Filmfare Award for Best Male", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5038132", "chunk_text": "\"Sanjay Dutt\"\nand audiences alike refer to him as \"\"Deadly Dutt\"\" for his portrayals of such characters. In a film career spanning more than 37 years, Dutt has won two Filmfare Awards, two IIFA Awards, two Bollywood Movie Awards, three Screen Awards, three Stardust Awards, two Zee Cine Awards, and a Global Indian Film Award. Four of his films have won various National Film Awards. He has won most of his awards for \"\"\"\", \"\"Mission Kashmir\"\", \"\"Munna Bhai M.B.B.S.\"\", and \"\"Lage Raho Munna Bhai\"\". He won three Best Actor awards for \"\"\"\". Dutt was arrested under the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19194425", "chunk_text": "\"Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor\"\nKapoor holds the record for being the eldest (Kapoor & Sons, 2017). Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor The Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor is given by \"\"Filmfare\"\" as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films, to recognise a male actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role. Although the awards started in 1954, awards for the best supporting actor category started only the following year 1955. As of 2016, Pran, Amrish Puri, Amitabh Bachchan, Abhishek Bachchan and Anil Kapoor lead the list, with three wins each. Anil Kapoor currently also holds the record", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15121415", "chunk_text": "\"Shah Rukh Khan\"\n\"\"Devdas\"\" (2002), \"\"Swades\"\" (2004), \"\"Chak De! India\"\" (2007) and \"\"My Name Is Khan\"\" (2010). At times, he has garnered as many as three of the five total Filmfare Best Actor nominations. Although he has never won a National Film Award, he was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India in 2005. The Government of France has awarded him both the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (2007), and its highest civilian honour, the Légion d'honneur (2014). Shah Rukh Khan Shah Rukh Khan (born Shahrukh Khan; 2 November 1965), also known by the initialism SRK, is an Indian film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19194424", "chunk_text": "\"Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor\"\nFilmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor The Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor is given by \"\"Filmfare\"\" as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films, to recognise a male actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role. Although the awards started in 1954, awards for the best supporting actor category started only the following year 1955. As of 2016, Pran, Amrish Puri, Amitabh Bachchan, Abhishek Bachchan and Anil Kapoor lead the list, with three wins each. Anil Kapoor currently also holds the record of being the youngest (Mashaal, 1985) recipient of the award, whereas Rishi", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "339173", "chunk_text": "\"National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer\"\nNational Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer The following is a list of winners of the National Film Award (Silver Lotus Award) for Best Male Playback singer. The award was first granted to Mahendra Kapoor in the year 1967. The singer with the most awards in this category is K. J. Yesudas with eight wins for three different languages (Malayalam, Telugu & Hindi), followed by S. P. Balasubrahmanyam who won six times for four different languages; Hindi, Kannada, Tamil and Telugu. Shankar Mahadevan and Udit Narayan follow next winning three awards each. The singers Manna Dey, Hemanta Kumar Mukhopadhyay,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9753497", "chunk_text": "\"Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer\"\nthe award the maximum number of times 8 in this category, whereas Mohammad Rafi won it 6 times. Its a bit odd that during Kishore Kumar's popularity in the 1970s, he only managed to win 3 Filmfare awards for Best Male Playback Singer. Two singers: Udit Narayan and Kumar Sanu have won the award five times each. Mukesh and Arijit Singh have won this award four times. Mahendra Kapoor have won it thrice. Kishore Kumar has most nomination (28) followed by Mohammad Rafi (21) and Udit Narayan (20) . Others Sonu Nigam (16) , Mukesh (14) and Kumar Sanu (12)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5134307", "chunk_text": "\"Malayalam cinema\"\nNational Award are Vayalar Ramavarma (1973), O. N. V. Kurup (1989) and Yusuf Ali Kechery (2001). The male singers who have received the National Award are K. J. Yesudas (1973, 1974, 1988, 1992, 1994, 2017), P. Jayachandran (1986) and M. G. Sreekumar (1991, 2000). Yesudas has won two more National Awards for singing in Hindi (1977) and Telugu (1983) films, which makes him the person who has won the most National Film Awards for Best Male Playback Singer, with eight. The female singers who have won the award are S. Janaki (1981) and K. S. Chithra (1987, 1989). Chitra had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17367390", "chunk_text": "\"National Film Award for Best Music Direction\"\nawards—including award for Best Background score—to 40 different composers. Although the Indian film industry produces films in around 20 languages and dialects, the recipients of the award include those who have worked in seven major languages: Hindi (19 awards), Malayalam (9 awards), Tamil (8 awards), Telugu (7 awards), Bengali (6 awards), Kannada (5 awards) and Marathi (2 awards). The first recipient of the award was K. V. Mahadevan who was honoured for his composition in the Tamil film \"\"Kandan Karunai\"\" (1967). A. R. Rahman has been the most frequent winner with six wins, followed by Ilaiyaraja with five awards. Jaidev", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9554576", "chunk_text": "\"Sunny Deol\"\nDil Ke Paas\"\", presented by Dharmendra & Zee Studios to be produced by Sunny Sounds Pvt. Ltd. Apart from National Film Awards, Filmfare Awards and other competitive awards which Deol won for his performances throughout the years, he has been awarded several honours for his achievements in the Indian film industry. Sunny Deol Ajay Singh Deol (born 19 October 1956), better known as Sunny Deol, is an Indian film actor, director and producer known for his work in Hindi cinema. In a film career spanning over thirty five years and over hundred films, Deol has won two National Film Awards", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11748516", "chunk_text": "\"Khans of Bollywood\"\nin the media as the \"\"Baadshah of Bollywood\"\", \"\"King of Bollywood\"\", \"\"King Khan\"\", \"\"King of Romance\"\". He is a self-made Superstar who entered Bollywood without any background and became successful. He is the most successful actor in Bollywood. He has appeared in several successful romantic love stories including \"\"Darr\"\", \"\"Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge\"\", \"\"Dil to Pagal Hai\"\", \"\"Kuch Kuch Hota Hai\"\" and \"\"Veer Zaara\"\" among others. He is also a recipient of 8 Filmfare for 'Best Actor in a leading role awards' (tied with legendary Dilip Kumar) and won a total of 14 Filmfare awards. He has appeared in more", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9616384", "chunk_text": "\"Khans of Bollywood\"\nbeing highly popular in India, he is also highly popular overseas, particularly in China, the second largest movie market. He is \"\"arguably the world's biggest movie star\"\" according to Rob Cain, due to his immense popularity in the world's two most populous nations, India and China. He is the recipient of numerous awards, including four National Film Awards and seven Filmfare Awards, as well as an Academy Award nomination. He was honoured by the Government of India with the Padma Shri in 2003 and the Padma Bhushan in 2010. Khan first appeared on screen as a child actor in his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10404581", "chunk_text": "\"Amitabh Bachchan\"\nthe greatest and most influential actors in the history of Indian cinema as well as world cinema. So total was his dominance on the Indian movie scene in the 1970s and 1980s that the French director François Truffaut called him a \"\"one-man industry\"\". Beyond the Indian subcontinent, he also had a large overseas following in markets such as Africa, the Middle East (especially Egypt), and the Soviet Union. Bachchan has won numerous accolades in his career, including four National Film Awards as Best Actor and many awards at international film festivals and award ceremonies. He has won fifteen Filmfare Awards", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11748507", "chunk_text": "\"Khans of Bollywood\"\nlargest fan following among all world actors, while Aamir Khan has been the only eastern actor to be ranked first in the world's highest-earning actors in films, whereas Salman Khan has been the highest paid celebrity in South Asia several times. Rivalry exists among the three Khans, each having been referred to as the \"\"King of Bollywood\"\" at different times; Shah Rukh Khan was one of the most successful Indian actors for most of the 1990s and 2000s, but since the early 2010s, Aamir Khan has been the most successful globally, while Salman Khan has been the most successful domestically.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16057881", "chunk_text": "\"Madhu (actor)\"\nMadhu (actor) Madhavan Nair, commonly known by his stage name Madhu, is an Indian film actor, director, producer, and playback singer, who works in Malayalam cinema Madhu was a prominent lead actor during the 1960s and 1970s. He has also directed and produced films, and at one time owned the production company Uma Film Studio.. He was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India in 2013 for his contributions towards the arts. He is the inaugural winner of Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Malayalam and has received three more Filmfare awards and is also the recipient of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5282119", "chunk_text": "\"National Film Award for Best Supporting Actor\"\nthe 41st National Film Awards, while Prabhavalkar won at the 54th National Film Awards for his performances in the Hindi film \"\"Lage Raho Munna Bhai\"\" (2006) and the Marathi film \"\"Shevri\"\" (2006). At the 42nd National Film Awards, the award was tied between Ashish Vidyarthi and Nagesh, winning for their roles in the Hindi film \"\"Drohkaal\"\" (1994) and the Tamil film \"\"Nammavar\"\" (1994), respectively. The most recent recipient of the award is Fahadh Faasil, who earned the award at the 65th National Film Awards ceremony for his performance in the Malayalam film \"\"Thondimuthalum Driksakshiyum\"\" (2017). National Film Award for Best", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7355257", "chunk_text": "\"S. P. Balasubrahmanyam\"\nBollywood Filmfare Award, and six Filmfare Awards South. He is honored with the Guinness World Record for recording the most number of film scores. In 2012, he received the state Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao National Award for his contributions to Indian cinema. In 2016, he is honored with the Indian Film Personality of the Year consisting of a Silver Peacock Medal. He is a recipient of civilian awards such as Padmashri (2001) and Padma Bhushan (2011) from the government of India. Balasubrahmanyam was born in Nagari in Madras Presidency (currently Chittoor District in Andhra Pradesh, India) to a Telugu Brahmin", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "718412", "chunk_text": "\"Mahesh Babu\"\n\"\"Murari\"\" (2001), and the action melodrama \"\"Okkadu\"\" (2003). He went on to act in other commercially successful films such as \"\"Arjun\"\" (2004), \"\"Athadu\"\" (2005), \"\"Pokiri\"\" (2006), \"\"Dookudu\"\" (2011), \"\"Businessman\"\" (2012), \"\"Seethamma Vakitlo Sirimalle Chettu\"\" (2013), \"\"\"\" (2014), \"\"Srimanthudu\"\" (2015), and \"\"Bharat Ane Nenu\"\" (2018), some of which rank among the List of highest-grossing Telugu films. To date, he has won eight Nandi Awards, five Filmfare Awards, three CineMAA Awards, three South Indian International Movie Awards and one International Indian Film Academy Award. Mahesh has been cited in the media as one of the most attractive male celebrities in India. His", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9623790", "chunk_text": "\"Salman Khan\"\nSalman Khan Abdul Rashid Salim Salman Khan (born 27 December 1965), credited as Salman Khan (pronunciation: ) is an Indian film actor, producer, occasional playback singer and television personality. In a film career spanning almost thirty years, Khan has received numerous awards, including two National Film Awards as a film producer, and two Filmfare Awards for acting. He has a significant following in Asia and the Indian diaspora worldwide, and is cited in the media as one of the most commercially successful actors of Indian cinema. According to the \"\"Forbes\"\" 2018 list of Top-Paid 100 Celebrity Entertainers in world, Khan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13896452", "chunk_text": "\"Irrfan Khan\"\nIrrfan Khan Sāhibzāde Irfan Ali Khan (born 7 January 1967), also credited as simply Irrfan, is an Indian film actor, known for his work predominantly in Hindi cinema, as well as his works in British films and Hollywood. In a film career spanning almost thirty years and featuring in more than fifty domestic films, Khan has received numerous awards, including a National Film Award and Filmfare Awards in four categories. Film critics, contemporaries and other experts consider him to be one of the finest actors in Indian cinema for his versatile and natural acting. In 2011, he was awarded the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3388	when was the young and the restless first aired?	n/a	[ "March 26, 1973" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395547", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nGeneva. \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" began airing on March 26, 1973, replacing the cancelled soap opera, \"\"Where the Heart Is\"\". Bell worked as head writer from the debut of the series until his retirement in 1998. He wrote from his home in Chicago while production took place in Los Angeles, California. Originally, Bell wanted to shoot the series in New York, however, CBS executives felt that Los Angeles would be more cost effective. John Conboy acted as the show's first executive producer, staying in the position until 1982. Bell and H. Wesley Kenney became co-executive producers that year until", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395542", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nThe Young and the Restless The Young and the Restless (often abbreviated as Y&R) is an American television soap opera created by William J. Bell and Lee Phillip Bell for CBS. The show is set in a fictional Wisconsin town called Genoa City, which is unlike and unrelated to the real life village of the same name, Genoa City, Wisconsin. First broadcast on March 26, 1973, \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" was originally broadcast as half-hour episodes, five times a week. The show expanded to one-hour episodes on February 4, 1980. In 2006, the series began airing encore episodes weeknights", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18669980", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2016)\"\nThe Young and the Restless characters (2016) \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2016, by order of first appearance. In the first half of the year, characters were introduced by executive producer Jill Farren Phelps until her replacement in the summer of 2016 by supervising producer Mal Young Young was first credited as executive producer on July 13, 2016. Co-executive producer and head writer Charles Pratt Jr. oversaw", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "746878", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2013)\"\nThe Young and the Restless characters (2013) \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2013, by order of first appearance. All characters through October are introduced by executive producer Jill Farren Phelps and head writer Josh Griffith; characters after October are introduced by Phelps and head writers Shelly Altman and Jean Passanante. Adriana Stone, portrayed by Jhoanna Flores, made her first appearance on January 7, 2013. The news of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395557", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nfrom number one in the Nielsen ratings, since the lengthening of the show led to the departure of a number of cast members. \"\"The issue of performing in a one-hour show had not been part of their contracts,\"\" Bell said. This forced the show to recast multiple main characters and eventually phase out the original core families in favor of new ones. The show expanded to one hour on February 4, 1980. It airs at 11:00am on most stations in the Central, Mountain and Pacific time zones, usually as a lead-in to the local noon news for most CBS stations", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16722192", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2017)\"\nhis former girls, while he threatened Abby and Scott Grainger. The Young and the Restless characters (2017) \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2017, by order of first appearance. All characters are introduced by executive producer Mal Young and co-executive producer/head writer Sally Sussman. In October 2017, Sussman departed as co-executive producer and head writer; Young remained as executive producer and was promoted as head writer. Alex Dettmer,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16722181", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2017)\"\nThe Young and the Restless characters (2017) \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2017, by order of first appearance. All characters are introduced by executive producer Mal Young and co-executive producer/head writer Sally Sussman. In October 2017, Sussman departed as co-executive producer and head writer; Young remained as executive producer and was promoted as head writer. Alex Dettmer, portrayed by Jessica Nicole Webb, was introduced on January 11", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9676211", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2011)\"\nThe Young and the Restless characters (2011) \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared in 2011, by order of appearance. All characters were introduced to the series by its head writer that year, Maria Arena Bell. Lucy Romalotti, Primrose DeVille and Caleb Atkinson all debuted in January, while Angelo Veneziano first appeared in February. Davis Holloway debuted in July while Moses Winters debuted in October. Lucy Romalotti is the daughter of Daniel Romalotti and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3218080", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2012)\"\nThe Young and the Restless characters (2012) \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared in 2012, by order of appearance. All characters that appeared before August 2012 were introduced by the show's former head writer and executive producer Maria Arena Bell. Beyond that point, all characters are introduced by Bell's replacements: executive producer Jill Farren Phelps and head writer Josh Griffith. Anita Lawson and Sarge Wilder. Carmine Basco first appeared in March, while April", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11771763", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2011)\"\nmonths later as Neil had feelings for Harmony Hamilton. The Young and the Restless characters (2011) \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared in 2011, by order of appearance. All characters were introduced to the series by its head writer that year, Maria Arena Bell. Lucy Romalotti, Primrose DeVille and Caleb Atkinson all debuted in January, while Angelo Veneziano first appeared in February. Davis Holloway debuted in July while Moses Winters debuted in October.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3186787", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2010)\"\nThe Young and the Restless characters (2010) \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared in 2010, by order of appearance. All characters were introduced to the series by its head writer that year, Maria Arena Bell. Doppelgänger Sarah Smythe first appeared in April. June saw the arrival of Meggie McClaine, Spencer Walsh and twin characters, Charles and Matilda Ashby, born on-screen. Vance Abrams and Sofia Dupre debuted in July, followed by Blake Joseph's stint", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5804540", "chunk_text": "\"William J. Bell\"\nday writing stories. \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" debuted on March 26, 1973. Although slow to rise in the ratings (he got very frustrated and asked head of CBS Daytime Bud Grant to cancel the serial), CBS had faith in the show and gave it a chance. \"\"Y&R\"\" was credited for breathing new life into the daytime serial, with its brightness, humor and cutting-edge storylines. As he did on \"\"Days of our Lives\"\", Bell saw to sexuality also playing a major role in the stories. Bell guided \"\"Y&R\"\" as head writer from 1973 until stepping down in 1998, the longest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395554", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nYoung was named as Sussman's successor as head writer. Sussman last aired as head writer on October 24, 2017. Young's tenure as head writer aired on October 25, 2017. In December 2018, Young announced his decision to leave the serial, citing that it was a \"\"good time to move on,\"\" and cited his desire to pursue his own project. Anthony Morina and Griffith were announced as executive producer and head writer, respectively. Taped at CBS Television City, studios 41 and 43 in Hollywood since its debut on March 26, 1973, the show was packaged by the distribution company Columbia Pictures", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9893573", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2015)\"\nMartin on \"\"All My Children\"\", Knight's casting was announced by \"\"TV Insider\"\" in September 2015. In June 2016, it was announced that Knight had finished taping for the role. Elise Moxley, portrayed by Jensen Buchanan, was introduced in November 2015. The Young and the Restless characters (2015) \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2015, by order of first appearance. All characters are introduced by executive producer Jill Farren", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395545", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nwas the leading daytime drama for an unprecedented 1,300 weeks, or 25 years. The serial is also a sister series to \"\"The Bold and the Beautiful\"\", as several actors have crossed over between shows. In June 2017, \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" was renewed for three additional years. To compete with the youthful ABC soap operas, \"\"All My Children\"\", \"\"One Life to Live\"\", and \"\"General Hospital\"\", CBS executives wanted a new daytime serial that was youth oriented. William J. Bell and Lee Phillip Bell created \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" in 1972 for the network under the working title, \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395579", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nthe Restless\"\" on average is the most-watched daytime drama showing. When introduced during the 1972–73 season, the show was at the bottom of the ratings, but rose rapidly: ninth by 1974–75 and third by 1975–76. By 1988–89 it had dethroned long-time leader \"\"General Hospital\"\" as the top-rated soap, a position it has held ever since. During the week of December 2, 2013, the series celebrated their twenty-fifth year as the number one daytime drama. \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" airs every weeknight on Pop, where it averaged 362,000 viewers from July to September 2013. The Young and the Restless The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6803289", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2015)\"\nThe Young and the Restless characters (2015) \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2015, by order of first appearance. All characters are introduced by executive producer Jill Farren Phelps and co-executive producer/head writer Charles Pratt, Jr. Marco Annicelli was a primary antagonist in Victor Newman's plan to bring down his rival, Jack Abbott. He was portrayed by Peter Bergman, who portrayed Jack at the same time. Marco's character", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "746903", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2013)\"\ntransplanted to Connor. The surgery is a success and Connor's eyesight is saved. In 2018 he leaves town with his mother. The Young and the Restless characters (2013) \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2013, by order of first appearance. All characters through October are introduced by executive producer Jill Farren Phelps and head writer Josh Griffith; characters after October are introduced by Phelps and head writers Shelly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395571", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nof \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\", a series that emphasized family problems, sexual intrigue, and gossip. In Australia, \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" airs after \"\"Days of Our Lives\"\" on Arena. It previously aired on the Nine Network from April 1, 1974 to February 23, 2007, before joining the W line-up on April 2, 2007, to August 17, 2012, On July 20, 2012, it was announced that the show would move to Arena on August 20, 2012, after W rebranded as SoHo. Episodes are approximately one week behind those airing in the US at present. In New Zealand, \"\"The Young", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17798151", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2014)\"\nThe Young and the Restless characters (2014) \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2014, by order of first appearance. All characters are introduced by executive producer Jill Farren Phelps and head writers Shelly Altman and Jean Passanante. Ian Ward, portrayed by Ray Wise, made his first appearance on January 23, 2014, as a former cult leader, believed to be the biological father of Dylan McAvoy (Steve Burton) and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395574", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nDynasty and Dallas in the daytime]. It was attracting around 18–20,000 viewers at midnight in the last week of its broadcast in the UK in August 2010. In Italy \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" aired from February 1983 to February 1984 on \"\"Italia Uno\"\", from October 1984 to June 1995 on \"\"Rete 4\"\", in the summer of 1995 on \"\"Canale 5\"\" and from April 1998 to October 2009 again on \"\"Rete 4\"\". They were shown US episodes from autumn 1979 to March 1986, from November 1989 to December 1993 and from November 1998 to January 2007. \"\"Nadia's Theme\"\" has been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395572", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nand the Restless\"\" aired alongside \"\"Days of Our Lives\"\" on TV ONE and ended on November 6, 2009. The soap was approximately four seasons behind the CBS season due to being preempted by holiday and sporting programming. In the Philippines, aired from 1987 to 1989 on ABS-CBN. In the United Kingdom, \"\"The Young and The Restless\"\" has aired on many TV channels starting in 1990, when episodes from 1987 debuted on BSB Galaxy in a regular weekday timeslot. When BSB merged with Sky in November 1990, the soap moved to Sky's flagship channel Sky One and aired at 11:00 weekdays", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395558", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nin those regions (though some stations in the Central Time Zone opt to air it at 11:30am). It airs at 12:30pm Eastern. Exteriors used in the late 1980s and early 1990s (and reused years later) included locations in and around Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, including Allegheny General Hospital, One Oxford Centre, the Duquesne Club, Hampton Township and the prison. Phillip Chancellor died in the Richland, Pennsylvania area, where the police chief was not told and believed the accident really happened. On June 27, 2001, \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" became the first daytime soap opera to be broadcast in high-definition. In September", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3489560", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless storylines\"\nLorie, quit in 1982 due to exhaustion, Bell took the opportunity to write out all of the Brooks and Fosters, save Jill. Gradually, the focus shifted from the Brooks and Foster families to the Williams, Abbott, and the Newman families. The Williams family was introduced in 1978. Police Detective Carl Williams (Brett Hadley) and his wife Mary (Carolyn Conwell) had their hands full with their promiscuous teenage son Paul (Doug Davidson). Paul had a fling with Nikki Reed (Melody Thomas Scott) and gave her a sexually transmitted disease. He then went on to romance prostitute Cindy Lake, as well as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6332957", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nbrief relationship with Joann Curtis (Kay Heberle) in 1977. When the series lengthened from a half-hour to an hour in 1980, multiple cast members who portrayed characters from the original core families departed because their contracts only bound them to performing in a half-hour show. A number of the characters were recast until one of the few remaining original actors, Jaime Lyn Bauer, who portrayed Lorie Brooks, decided to leave. When she announced her intention not to renew her contract, Bell decided to replace the original core families. \"\"As I studied the remaining cast, I realized I had two characters-", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395559", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\n2011, its sister soap \"\"The Bold and the Beautiful\"\" became the last soap to make the transition from SD to HD before \"\"One Life to Live\"\" ended its ABC run on January 13, 2012 and began its TOLN run online on April 29, 2013. On April 24, 2006, SoapNet began airing same-day episodes of the series. The final airing on SoapNet was on June 28, 2013. The soap has moved from SoapNet to TV Guide Network. The same day episodes begin airing on TVGN (now Pop) weeknights on July 1, 2013. Co-creators William J. Bell and Lee Phillip Bell centered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395543", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\non SOAPnet until 2013, when \"\"Y&R\"\" moved to TVGN (now Pop). Pop still airs the encore episodes on weeknights, starting July 1, 2013. The series is also syndicated internationally. \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" originally focused on two core families: the wealthy Brooks family and the working class Foster family. After a series of recasts and departures in the early 1980s, all the original characters except Jill Foster and Katherine Chancellor were written out. Bell replaced them with the new core families, the Abbotts and the Williamses. Over the years, other families such as the Newmans, Winters, and the Baldwin-Fishers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6332961", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nfire on \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\". In the 1980s, core black characters were introduced with the Barber and Winters families. Victoria Rowell (Drucilla Barber) and Tonya Lee Williams (Dr. Olivia Barber) were cast as the nieces of the Abbott's maid, Mamie Johnson, in 1990. The brothers Neil (Kristoff St. John) and Malcolm Winters (Shemar Moore) were introduced as love interests for Olivia and Drucilla. \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" became popular among black viewers, which Williams and St. John attributed to the writing for the black characters. \"\"I play a CEO at a major corporation, that's something we don't", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14665512", "chunk_text": "\"Paul Williams (The Young and the Restless)\"\nin his portrayal. The storyline in which Paul was forced to kill his son earned Davidson a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series, having previously been nominated for this award twice. Additionally, Davidson has claimed three Soap Opera Digest Awards from six nominations. Currently, he is the longest-tenured actor present on \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\". Doug Davidson joined the cast of the show on May 15, 1978; the episode aired on May 23, 1978. Its creator, William J. Bell, discovered him during one of Bell's trips to Chicago, while Davidson was modelling for magazines.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2343552", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2016)\"\nis the estranged mother of Neil Winters (Kristoff St. John). Nichols first appeared on September 1. Ravi Shapur, portrayed by Abhi Sinha, is a computer engineer hired by Jabot Cosmetics. Abhi made his debut on December 12, on a recurring basis. The Young and the Restless characters (2016) \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first appeared on the soap opera in 2016, by order of first appearance. In the first half of the year, characters", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10079662", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2014)\"\nevent at the Genoa City Athletic Club intoxicated, Tobias leaves and is involved in a fatal car crash. Before succumbing to his injuries, he manages to mention the name Austin. Evidence implicating him in the murders of both Austin and Courtney is then found in his hotel room by Kevin Fisher and Mariah Copeland. His final airdate is May 27, 2015. The Young and the Restless characters (2014) \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" is an American television soap opera. It was first broadcast on March 26, 1973, and airs on CBS. The following is a list of characters that first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395544", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nwere introduced. Despite these changes, one storyline that has endured through almost the show's entire run is the feud between Jill Abbott and Katherine Chancellor, the longest rivalry on any American soap opera. Since its debut, \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" has won nine Daytime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Drama Series. It is also currently the highest-rated daytime drama on American television. As of 2008, it had appeared at the top of the weekly Nielsen ratings in that category for more than 1,000 weeks since 1988. As of December 12, 2013, according to Nielsen ratings, \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12672749", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (1970s)\"\nsister Lorie Brooks, as well as her relationships with Lucas and Lance Prentiss. She was portrayed by actress Janice Lynde until 1977, and then by Victoria Mallory from 1977 through 1982 and again briefly in 1984. In February 2018, it was reported that Lynde would be returning as Leslie to commemorate with the show's 45th anniversary. History<br> Leslie was in her mid-twenties when her father, Stuart, befriended a penniless drifter named Brad Elliot and gave him a job at \"\"The Genoa City Chronicle\"\", of which Stuart was the owner and publisher. Leslie fell in love with Brad who encouraged her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8273052", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Abbott (The Young and the Restless)\"\nJack Abbott (The Young and the Restless) Jack Abbott is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\". The character was first introduced in 1980 being portrayed by Terry Lester. Lester departed from the series in 1989 and was replaced by Peter Bergman shortly thereafter. Bergman relocated to California for the role after he successfully auditioned for the part. His first episode aired on November 27, 1989. Jack is known for his longstanding feud with the Newman family patriarch, Victor Newman as well as his romances with Nikki Newman, Phyllis Summers and Sharon Newman.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395553", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nto replace Pratt as Head Writer. On September 15, 2016, it was confirmed that Sussman was named as the soap's new head writer. On September 21, 2016, Daytime Confidential reported that after ten years since leaving the soap, Alden had been re-hired to be a story consultant under Sussman's regime. Sussman's tenure as head writer began taping on October 20, 2016, and began airing on December 7, 2016. On June 20, 2017, CBS announced its decision to renew the serial for three years. On July 31, 2017, it was announced that both Alden and Sussman would retire from their positions;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4904974", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (1980s)\"\nThe Young and the Restless characters (1980s) A list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between January 1980 and December 1989. Julia Newman first appeared in February 1980 along with Victor Newman (Eric Braeden). She was portrayed by Meg Bennett until 1981, with reprise appearances from 1982 to 1984, 1986 to 1987, and lastly from March 1 to September 3, 2002. In February 2018, it was reported that Bennett would be returning as Julia to commemorate with the show's 45th anniversary. History<br> On June 13, 1970, Julia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2507667", "chunk_text": "\"Katherine Chancellor\"\nKatherine Chancellor Katherine Chancellor is a fictional character from the CBS Daytime soap opera, \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\", portrayed by Jeanne Cooper. Created and introduced by show creator, William J. Bell in November 1973; Cooper's Katherine was introduced in an effort to increase the show's struggling ratings. When Bell's plan proved successful, Cooper was signed to a contract. Cooper went on to become the longest-running cast member in the show's history ending her nearly 40-year run on May 3, 2013, five days before her death. Throughout Katherine's history, a majority of her storylines have focused on her controversial and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4905043", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (1980s)\"\nby Robert Parucha when he first appeared in 1983 and departed in 1985. Parucha returned for a brief visit in October 2003. He is the youngest son of Albert and Cora Miller. Matt's father abandoned the family when he and his brother Christian were young. Cora could not feed her sons, so she gave them to an orphanage. In 1983, Matt came to Genoa City where he reunited with Christian, now known as Victor Newman. In an attempt to get Victor away from Ashley Abbott (Eileen Davidson), Victor's wife Nikki Newman (Melody Thomas Scott) set her and Matt up, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6332955", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nChris Brooks (Trish Stewart) and having a sexual relationship with Sally McGuire (Lee Crawford). Other plots reflected sexual themes as well. For the first time in the genre, the dialogue and the story situations included explicit sexual themes such as premarital intercourse, impotence, incest, and rape. The first two rape storylines that would be told on the serial were controversial at the time as they reflected a more introspective and analytic storytelling style, the first time rape storylines would be addressed in this manner in the genre. The first, in 1973–74, revolved around the rape of Chris Brooks and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5511440", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (2000s)\"\nHamilton first appeared on June 25, 2008, and was portrayed by American fashion model and actress Eva Marcille until August 17, 2009. The characters Tyra and Ana have met with negative reactions from viewers, especially due to the fact that her character has disappeared several times for more than a week. However, the producers have given Marcille a commitment to develop her character and she has been nominated for NAACP Image award. History<br> Tyra arrives in Genoa City with her daughter Ana during Lily Winters' birthday party to surprise her nephew Devon Hamilton. Devon's father Neil Winters is worried about", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395577", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nhe wrote in memory of the death of his son. In late September and early October 2012, upon the show's 10,000th episode, the current form of opening credits were updated. In the years prior, fans criticized them for their lack of updates and cast additions (some contract players, such as Adrienne Frantz, and Kimberlin Brown came and went without being added). In mid-February 2017, the current form of opening credits were updated to honor the history on CBS Daytime and to carry them into the future as they approach the 44th anniversary. As of 2010, \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6332941", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nEdward Scott took over in 1989. Bell then became senior executive producer. Other executive producers included David Shaughnessy, John F. Smith, Lynn Marie Latham, Josh Griffith, Maria Arena Bell, and Paul Rauch. In the mid-1980s, Bell and his family moved to Los Angeles to create a new soap opera. During this time, his three children, William Jr., Bradley, and Lauralee Bell, each became involved in soap operas. Lauralee Bell worked as an actress on \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\". Bradley Bell co-created \"\"The Bold and the Beautiful\"\" with his father. William Bell Jr. became involved in the family's production companies", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13286587", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (1970s)\"\nthen forged a venomous letter to herself signing Lorie's name to it. Vanessa later plunged to her death off a balcony after staging a fight with Lorie. Derek Thurston first appeared in 1976 and was first portrayed by both Caleb Stoddard and Jeff Cooper, who had brief stints on the series before Joe Ladue took over the role in 1977. The character was then married to Katherine Chancellor and romanced Jill Foster. Ladue departed from the role in 1981 but returned for a special guest appearance on April 13, 1984. History<br> Derek was a hairdresser tricked into marrying Katherine Chancellor", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3994257", "chunk_text": "\"Katherine Chancellor\"\nnumber four on \"\"The 15 Most Memorable Female Soap Opera Characters Ever\"\", with Michael Maloney writing: Katherine Chancellor Katherine Chancellor is a fictional character from the CBS Daytime soap opera, \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\", portrayed by Jeanne Cooper. Created and introduced by show creator, William J. Bell in November 1973; Cooper's Katherine was introduced in an effort to increase the show's struggling ratings. When Bell's plan proved successful, Cooper was signed to a contract. Cooper went on to become the longest-running cast member in the show's history ending her nearly 40-year run on May 3, 2013, five days before", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3489608", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless storylines\"\nJ.T. Hellstrom (Thad Luckinbill). The Young and the Restless storylines The storylines of the soap opera \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" have changed over the years since the show debuted in 1973. Originally examining the lives of the wealthy Brooks and the poor Fosters, a series of recasts and departures in the early 1980s turned the focus of \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" to the Abbotts and the Newmans, including the corporate rivalry between their two respective companies. However, one basic plot that has run throughout almost all of the program's history is the rivalry between Jill Foster Abbott and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6332959", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nthe two characters remained a central theme throughout the series and became the longest lasting rivalry in daytime history. Another character introduced in the 1980s was Eric Braeden's Victor Newman. Originally, the character was \"\"a despicable, contemptible, unfaithful wife abuser\"\" who was intended to be killed off. Braeden's tenure on the show was meant to last between eight and twelve weeks. \"\"When I saw Eric Braeden's first performance- the voice, the power, the inner strength- I knew immediately that I didn't want to lose this man,\"\" Bell said. \"\"He was exactly what the show needed. Not the hateful man we", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395573", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nuntil the end of 1992. When BSB's original three-year contract to air the soap expired, Sky chose not to renew it. In 1993, \"\"Y&R\"\" was picked up by UK Living (then known as simply Living, now Sky Living) in a primetime timeslot, picking up where Sky left off. This lasted until late 1995. In 2007, Zone Romantica, now CBS Drama began broadcasting the show weekdays [four years behind US]. In 2009, when CBS went into partnership with and took over the Chellozone Channels the show was relegated to just one showing a day [in favor of repeating shows such as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11503177", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless storylines\"\nand the Restless\"\" co-creator William J. Bell originally conceived the show to center around the class conflict between two core families: the wealthy Brooks and the poor Fosters. Newspaper publisher Stuart Brooks (played by Robert Colbert) and his socialite wife Jennifer (Dorothy Green) had four daughters: Leslie (Janice Lynde), a pianist; Lauralee \"\"Lorie\"\" (Jaime Lyn Bauer), an author; Christabel \"\"Chris\"\" (Trish Stewart), a journalist; and Peggy (Pamela Peters Solow), a college student. Meanwhile, Elizabeth \"\"Liz\"\" Foster (Julianna McCarthy) was a factory worker and single parent who, after being abandoned by her husband William \"\"Bill\"\" Sr. (Charles H. Gray), was struggling", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14395567", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless\"\nsaw on-screen, but the man he could and would become.\"\" Bell rewrote the story to save the character and put Braeden on contract. Victor's romance with Nikki Reed became a prominent plot in the series. With the success of another iconic character, Kimberlin Brown's Sheila Carter, Bell made daytime drama history in 1992 by successfully crossing her over from \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\" to his second soap, \"\"The Bold and the Beautiful\"\". The success of the crossover was due, in part, to the creativity of Bell, as the nefarious character of Sheila was presumed to have died in a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12672771", "chunk_text": "\"The Young and the Restless characters (1970s)\"\nwas then notably portrayed by Donnelly Rhodes until his death onscreen on August 15, 1975. History<br> Phillip is born on June 19, 1928. He attends college with Gary Reynolds and the two become friends. In November 1973, wealthy Phillip first appeared in the series as the husband of Katherine Chancellor, Gary's widow, his wife of twelve years. Phillip and Kay's marriage was strained due to Kay's bad habits of infidelity, smoking and alcohol addiction. He tried to help Kay with her vices, but he wound up starting an affair of his own with Kay's new paid companion, Jill Foster, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3389	when did lionel messi play his first game for barcelona?	n/a	[ "2002", "2001", "October 2004" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174809", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nMessi joined Barcelona C in addition to the \"\"Juveniles\"\" A, playing his first game for the third team on 29 November. He helped save them from the relegation zone of the Tercera División, scoring five goals in ten games, including a hat-trick in eight minutes during a Copa del Rey match while man-marked by Sevilla's Sergio Ramos. His progress was reflected in his first professional contract, signed on 4 February 2004, which lasted until 2012 and contained an initial buyout clause of €30 million. A month later, on 6 March, he made his debut for Barcelona B in the Segunda", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347342", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nBarcelona, in their second season under Rijkaard, won the league for the first time in six years. On 24 June 2005, his 18th birthday, Messi signed his first contract as a senior team player. It made him a Barcelona player until 2010, two years less than his previous contract, but his buyout clause increased to €150 million. His breakthrough came two months later, on 24 August, during the Joan Gamper Trophy, Barcelona's pre-season competition. A starter for the first time, he gave a well-received performance against Fabio Capello's Juventus, receiving an ovation from the Camp Nou. While Capello requested to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347323", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nto pay for his medical treatment. After a fast progression through Barcelona's youth academy, Messi made his competitive debut aged 17 in October 2004. Despite being injury-prone during his early career, he established himself as an integral player for the club within the next three years, finishing 2007 as a finalist for both the Ballon d'Or and FIFA World Player of the Year award, a feat he repeated the following year. His first uninterrupted campaign came in the 2008–09 season, during which he helped Barcelona achieve the first treble in Spanish football. At 22 years old, Messi won the Ballon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347413", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\na friendly against Hungary on 17 August 2005. Aged 18, Messi made his senior debut for Argentina in the Ferenc Puskás Stadium when he came on in the 63rd minute, only to be sent off after two minutes for a perceived foul against Vilmos Vanczák, who had grabbed his shirt; Messi had struck the defender with his arm while trying to shake him off, which the referee interpreted as an intentional elbowing, a contentious decision. Messi was reportedly found weeping in the dressing room after his sending-off. He returned to the team on 3 September in their World Cup qualifier", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174812", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nmade his league debut during the next match on 16 October, against Espanyol, coming on in the 82nd minute. At 17 years, three months, and 22 days old, he was at the time the youngest player to represent Barcelona in an official competition. As a substitute player, he played 77 minutes in nine matches for the first team that season, including his debut in the UEFA Champions League against Shakhtar Donetsk. He scored his first senior goal on 1 May 2005, against Albacete, from an assist by Ronaldinho, becoming – at that time – the youngest-ever scorer for the club.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174804", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nmother moved back to Rosario with his brothers and little sister, María Sol, while he stayed in Barcelona with his father. After a year at Barcelona's youth academy, La Masia, Messi was finally enrolled in the Royal Spanish Football Federation (RFEF) in February 2002. Now playing in all competitions, he befriended his teammates, among whom were Cesc Fàbregas and Gerard Piqué. After completing his growth hormone treatment aged 14, Messi became an integral part of the \"\"Baby Dream Team\"\", Barcelona's greatest-ever youth side. During his first full season (2002–03), he was top scorer with 36 goals in 30 games for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174806", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\njoin Arsenal, his first from a foreign club, but while Fàbregas and Piqué soon left for England, he chose to remain in Barcelona. During the 2003–04 season, his fourth with Barcelona, Messi rapidly progressed through the club's ranks, debuting for a record five teams in a single campaign. After being named player of the tournament in four international pre-season competitions with the \"\"Juveniles\"\" B, he played only one official match with the team before being promoted to the \"\"Juveniles A\"\", where he scored 18 goals in 11 league games. Messi was then one of several youth players called up to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347409", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nprocess. As a dual Argentine-Spanish national, Messi was eligible to play for the national team of both countries. Selectors for Spain's Under-17 squad began pursuing him in 2003 after Barcelona's director of football, Carles Rexach, alerted the Royal Spanish Football Federation to their young player. Messi declined the offer, having aspired to represent \"\"La Albiceleste\"\" since childhood. To further prevent Spain from taking him, the Argentine Football Association organised two under-20 friendlies in June 2004, against Paraguay and Uruguay, with the purpose of finalising his status as an Argentina player in FIFA. Five days after his 17th birthday, on 29", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347344", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nplay. Wearing the number 19 shirt, he gradually established himself as the first-choice right winger, forming an attacking trio with Ronaldinho and striker Samuel Eto'o. He was in the starting line-up in major matches like his first \"\"Clásico\"\" against rivals Real Madrid on 19 November, as well as Barcelona's away victory over Chelsea in the last 16 round of the Champions League. After he had scored 8 goals in 25 games, including his first in the Champions League, his season ended prematurely during the return leg against Chelsea on 7 March 2006, when he suffered a torn hamstring. Messi worked", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7726564", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nChampions League. On 19 September, Messi found the net four times in a 6–1 trashing of Eibar at the Camp Nou in La Liga. Three weeks later, on 1 October, Messi surpassed his former teammate Carles Puyol to become the third highest appearance maker in the club's history, as he helped \"\"Barça\"\" defeat Las Palmas 3–0 by assisting Sergio Busquets' opener and later adding two himself in his 594th official game for the club; the league game was played behind closed doors at the Camp Nou due to violence in Catalonia relating to an ongoing independence referendum. On 18 October,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174808", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nminute during a friendly against José Mourinho's Porto on 16 November 2003. His performance, creating two chances and a shot on goal, impressed the technical staff, and he subsequently began training daily with the club's reserve side, Barcelona B, as well as weekly with the first team. After his first training session with the senior squad, Barça's new star player, Ronaldinho, told his teammates that he believed the 16-year-old would become an even better player than himself. Ronaldinho soon befriended Messi, whom he called \"\"little brother\"\", which greatly eased his transition into the first team. To gain further match experience,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174803", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nRexach, with no other paper at hand, offered a contract on a paper napkin. In February 2001, the family relocated to Barcelona, where they moved into an apartment near the club's stadium, Camp Nou. During his first year in Spain, Messi rarely played with the \"\"Infantiles\"\" due to a transfer conflict with Newell's; as a foreigner, he could only be fielded in friendlies and the Catalan league. Without football, he struggled to integrate into the team; already reserved by nature, he was so quiet that his teammates initially believed he was mute. At home, he suffered from homesickness after his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7726570", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nhis first title as Barcelona's captain, the Supercopa de España, following a 2–1 victory over Sevilla; with his 33rd title for the club, he also became the most decorated player in the team's history. On 19 August, Messi scored twice in helping Barcelona defeat Alavés 3–0 in their first La Liga match of the season, with his first goal, a free kick that he rolled under the jumping Alavés wall, making history in being Barcelona's 6000th goal in La Liga. On 18 September, Messi scored a hat-trick in a 4–0 home win over PSV Eindhoven in Barcelona's opening Champions League", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174928", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\npregnancy, Messi placed the ball under his shirt after scoring in Argentina's 4–0 win against Ecuador on 2 June 2012, before confirming the pregnancy in an interview two weeks later. Thiago was born in Barcelona on 2 November 2012, with Messi attending the birth after being given permission by Barcelona to miss training. He announced his son's arrival on his Facebook page, writing, \"\"Today I am the happiest man in the world, my son was born and thanks to God for this gift!\"\" Thiago's name and handprints are tattooed on his left calf. In April 2015, Messi confirmed on Facebook", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347322", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nCopas del Rey. Both a prolific goalscorer and a creative playmaker, Messi holds the records for most official goals scored in La Liga (397), a La Liga season (50), a club football season in Europe (73), a calendar year (91), El Clásico (26), as well as those for most assists in La Liga (159) and the Copa América (11). He has scored over 660 senior career goals for club and country. Born and raised in central Argentina, Messi was diagnosed with a growth hormone deficiency as a child. At age 13, he relocated to Spain to join Barcelona, who agreed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347325", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nthe all-time goalscoring records in both La Liga and the Champions League in November 2014, and led Barcelona to a historic second treble. An Argentine international, Messi is his country's all-time leading goalscorer. At youth level, he won the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship, finishing the tournament with both the Golden Ball and Golden Shoe, and an Olympic gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics. His style of play as a diminutive, left-footed dribbler drew comparisons with compatriot Diego Maradona, who declared the teenager his successor. After making his senior debut in August 2005, Messi became the youngest Argentine to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7726557", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nprevious season. Messi opened the 2016–17 season by lifting the 2016 Supercopa de España as Barcelona's captain in the absence of the injured Andrés Iniesta; he set-up Munir's goal in a 2–0 away win over Sevilla in the first leg on 14 August, and subsequently scored and assisted in a 3–0 win in the return leg on 17 August. Three days later, he scored two goals and provided an assist to lead Barcelona to a 6–2 victory against Real Betis in the opening game of the 2016–17 La Liga season. On 13 September 2016, Messi scored his first hat-trick of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7726609", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nTactically, Messi plays in a free attacking role; a versatile player, he is capable of attacking on either wing or through the centre of the pitch. His favoured position in childhood was the playmaker behind two strikers, known as the \"\"enganche\"\" in Argentine football, but he began his career in Spain as a left-winger or left-sided forward. Upon his first-team debut, he was moved onto the right wing by manager Frank Rijkaard; from this position, he could more easily cut through the defence into the middle of the pitch and curl shots on goal with his left foot, rather than", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174802", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nthey were also unable to pay for his treatment due to the country's economic collapse. His goalscoring idol growing up was Ronaldo, with Messi calling him “the best forward I’ve ever seen”. As the Messi family had relatives in Catalonia, they sought to arrange a trial with Barcelona in September 2000. First team director Charly Rexach immediately wanted to sign him, but the board of directors hesitated; at the time it was highly unusual for European clubs to sign foreign players of such a young age. On 14 December, an ultimatum was issued for Barcelona to prove their commitment, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12468787", "chunk_text": "\"Luis Suárez\"\nSuárez to play in friendly matches, and he made his Barcelona debut on 18 August against Club León of Mexico at the Camp Nou, replacing Rafinha for the final 14 minutes of an eventual 6–0 win in the Gamper Trophy. Fellow forwards Lionel Messi and Neymar had already been substituted off by the time Suárez took to the pitch. Suárez made his competitive debut for Barcelona on 25 October, starting in attack with Lionel Messi and Neymar away to Real Madrid in \"\"El Clásico\"\". Although he set up Neymar for the opening goal in the fourth minute, Suárez was substituted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174798", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nplay and score in a FIFA World Cup during the 2006 edition, and reached the final of the 2007 Copa América, where he was named young player of the tournament. As the squad's captain from August 2011, he led Argentina to three consecutive finals: the 2014 World Cup, for which he won the Golden Ball, and the 2015 and 2016 Copas América. After announcing his international retirement in 2016, he reversed his decision and led his country to qualification for the 2018 World Cup. Lionel Andrés Messi was born on 24 June 1987 in Rosario, the third of four children", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347321", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nLionel Messi Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini (; born 24 June 1987) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a forward and captains both Barcelona and the Argentina national team. Often considered the best player in the world and regarded by many as one of the greatest players of all time, Messi has won a record-tying five Ballon d'Or awards, four of which he won consecutively, and a record five European Golden Shoes. He has spent his entire professional career with Barcelona, where he has won 33 trophies, including nine La Liga titles, four UEFA Champions League titles, and six", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7726575", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\ndefeat to Paraguay, which he had declared his \"\"re-debut\"\" ahead of the match. Messi started his first game in the next qualifying match against Peru, in which he was able to win a crucial penalty that secured their victory. After the match, Pékerman described him as \"\"a jewel\"\". He subsequently made regular appearances for the team ahead of Argentina's participation in the 2006 FIFA World Cup, scoring his first goal in a friendly against Croatia on 1 March 2006. A hamstring injury sustained a week later jeopardised his presence in the World Cup, but he was nevertheless selected for Pékerman's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174811", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nofficial competitions. During the 2004–05 season, Messi was a guaranteed starter for the B team, playing 17 games throughout the campaign and scoring on six occasions. Since his debut the previous November, he had not been called up to the first team again, but in October 2004, the senior players asked manager Frank Rijkaard to promote him. Since Ronaldinho already played on the left wing, Rijkaard moved Messi from his usual position onto the right flank (though initially against the player's wishes), allowing him to cut into the centre of the pitch and shoot with his dominant left foot. Messi", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347372", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nan assist from Messi. Now in his ninth senior season with Barcelona, Messi signed a new contract on 7 February, committing himself to the club through 2018, while his fixed wage rose to €13 million. He wore the captain's armband for the first time a month later, on 17 March, in a league match against Rayo Vallecano; by then, he had become the team's tactical focal point to a degree that was arguably rivalled only by former Barcelona players Josep Samitier, László Kubala and Johan Cruyff. Since his evolution into a false nine three years earlier, his input into the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7726531", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\ncompetitions, becoming Barcelona's all-time single-season top scorer and the first player in Spanish football to reach the 50-goal benchmark. As Messi developed into a combination of a number 8 (a creator), a 9 (scorer), and a 10 (assistant), he scored an unprecedented 73 goals and provided 29 assists in all club competitions during the 2011–12 season, producing a hat-trick or more on 10 occasions. He began the campaign by helping Barcelona win both the Spanish and European Super Cups; in the Supercopa de España, he scored three times to achieve a 5–4 aggregate victory over Real Madrid, overtaking Raúl as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174800", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\njoined local club Grandoli, where he was coached by his father, though his earliest influence as a player came from his maternal grandmother, Celia, who accompanied him to training and matches. He was greatly affected by her death, shortly before his eleventh birthday; since then, as a devout Catholic, he has celebrated his goals by looking up and pointing to the sky in tribute of his grandmother. A lifelong supporter of Newell's Old Boys, Messi joined the Rosario club when he was six years old. During the six years he played for Newell's, he scored almost 500 goals as a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7726520", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nseason under Barcelona's new manager, former captain Pep Guardiola, Messi played mainly on the right wing, like he had under Rijkaard, though this time as a false winger with the freedom to cut inside and roam the centre. During the \"\"Clásico\"\" on 2 May 2009, however, he played for the first time as a false nine, positioned as a centre-forward but dropping deep into midfield to link up with Xavi and Andrés Iniesta. He assisted with a chip his side's first goal and scored twice to end the match in an emphatic 6–2 victory, the team's greatest-ever score at Real", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174870", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nof his fourth Golden Boot, Messi signed a new deal with Barcelona on 25 November, keeping him with the club through the 2020–21 season. His buyout clause was set at €700 million. On 7 January 2018, Messi made his 400th La Liga appearance with Barcelona in a 3–0 home win over Levante, marking the occasion with his 144th league assist and 365th league goal for the club, the latter of which saw him equal Gerd Müller's record for the most league goals scored for the same club in one of Europe's top five divisions. A week later, he broke the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174887", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nOctober, his first official goal for Argentina in two-and-a-half years. Under Sabella, Messi's goalscoring rate drastically increased; where he had scored only 17 goals in 61 matches under his previous managers, he scored 25 times in 32 appearances during the following three years. He netted a total of 12 goals in 9 games for Argentina in 2012, equalling the record held by Gabriel Batistuta, Argentina's all-time top scorer, for the most goals scored in a calendar year for their country. His first hat-trick with the \"\"Albicelestes\"\" came in a friendly against Switzerland on 29 February 2012, followed by two more", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347369", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nall competitions surpassed Gerd Müller’s 67 goals in the 1972–73 Bundesliga season, making him the single-season top scorer in the history of European club football. Under manager Tito Vilanova, who had first coached him aged 14 at \"\"La Masia\"\", Messi helped the club achieve its best-ever start to a La Liga season during the second half of 2012, amassing 55 points by the competition's midway point, a record in Spanish football. A double scored on 9 December against Real Betis saw Messi break two longstanding records: he surpassed César Rodríguez's record of 190 league goals, becoming Barcelona's all-time top scorer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7705862", "chunk_text": "\"Arnau Riera\"\nin Peralada in 2004. He was Lionel Messi's captain for the 2004–05 and 2005–06 seasons. Riera made substitute appearances for the Barcelona first team in 2004–05. He also played with the first team in friendlies against Marseille 04/05, China 03/04, Shaktar Donetsk 03/04. On 10 August 2006 Riera signed for Sunderland, and made his debut in the 3–1 defeat to Southend United at Roots Hall on 19 August 2006. He played well in his debut game, but was sent off just three minutes into the following match, a League Cup match against Bury which Sunderland lost 2–0 at Gigg Lane.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347354", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nto achieve the sextuple, winning six top-tier trophies in a single year. After victories in the Supercopa de España and UEFA Super Cup in August, Barcelona won the FIFA Club World Cup against Estudiantes de La Plata on 19 December, with Messi scoring the winning 2–1 goal with his chest. At 22 years old, Messi won the Ballon d'Or and the FIFA World Player of the Year award, both times by the greatest voting margin in each trophy's history. Unsatisfied with his position on the right wing, Messi resumed playing as a false nine in early 2010, beginning with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7726558", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nthe season in the opening game of the 2016–17 UEFA Champions League campaign against Celtic in a 7–0 victory; this was also Messi's sixth hat-trick in the Champions League, the most by any player. A week later, Messi sustained a groin injury in a 1–1 draw against Atlético Madrid and was ruled out with injury for three weeks. He marked his return with a goal, scoring three minutes after coming off the bench in a 4–0 home win over Deportivo de La Coruña, on 16 October. Three days after this, he netted his thirty-seventh club hat-trick as Barcelona defeated Manchester", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8073392", "chunk_text": "\"Bojan Krkić\"\nyouth teams since joining the club as an eight-year-old. He then played the 2006–07 season with the Barcelona B team until he signed a professional contract with the first team upon turning 17. Bojan played his first match with Barcelona on 24 April 2007, scoring a goal in a friendly match against Egyptian club Al Ahly SC. On 16 September 2007 (at 17 years and 19 days), Bojan made his official debut for Barcelona against Osasuna, replacing Giovani dos Santos in the 78th minute and breaking Lionel Messi's record of the youngest Barcelona player to feature in a La Liga", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14594480", "chunk_text": "\"Santiago Ezquerro\"\nReal Sociedad on 9 April 2005. His stellar form in 2004–05 – 47 official matches, 19 goals, including a hat-trick in a 7–1 success at Standard Liège for the season's UEFA Cup group stage– led to Ezquerro signing for FC Barcelona in a period of 3+1 years, on a free transfer. Ezquerro was never able to establish himself in Barcelona's first team, his progress at the club being further hindered after the emergence of youth graduate Lionel Messi. His best league output consisted of 12 games in his first year (two goals, three starts, in 469 minutes of play). In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347345", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nto regain fitness in time for the Champions League final, but on 17 May, the day of the final, he was eventually ruled out. He was so disappointed that he did not celebrate his team's victory over Arsenal in Paris, something he later came to regret. While Barcelona began a gradual decline, the 19-year-old Messi established himself as one of the best players in the world during the 2006–07 campaign. Already an idol to the \"\"culés\"\", the club's supporters, he scored 17 goals in 36 games across all competitions. However, he continued to be plagued by major injuries; a metatarsal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174831", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nChampions League semi-finals by the eventual champions, Inter Milan, Messi finished the season as top scorer (with 8 goals) for the second consecutive year. As the league's top scorer with 34 goals (again tying Ronaldo's record), he helped Barcelona win a second consecutive La Liga trophy with only a single defeat. Messi secured Barcelona's first trophy of the 2010–11 campaign, the Supercopa de España, by scoring a hat-trick in his side's second-leg 4–0 victory over Sevilla, after a first-leg defeat. Assuming a playmaking role, he was again instrumental in a \"\"Clásico\"\" on 29 November 2010, the first with José Mourinho", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7726563", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\n24th official and 25th overall. On 27 August, Messi scored his first two goals of the 2017–18 La Liga season in a 2–0 away win over Alavés. Messi's first goal marked his 350th in the fixture, becoming the first player ever to achieve this milestone. On 9 September, Messi scored his first hat-trick of the 2017–18 league campaign, against Espanyol in derbi barceloní, thus helping to secure a 5–0 home victory for Blaugrana over local rivals. Messi netted twice against Gianluigi Buffon, on 12 September, as \"\"Barça\"\" defeated the last season's Italian champions Juventus 3–0 at home in the UEFA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347346", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nfracture sustained on 12 November 2006 kept him out of action for three months. He recovered in time for the last 16 round of the Champions League against Liverpool, but was effectively marked out of the game; Barcelona, the reigning champions, were out of the competition. In the league, his goal contribution increased towards the end of the season; 11 of his 14 goals came from the last 13 games. On 10 March 2007, he scored his first hat-trick in a \"\"Clásico\"\", the first player to do so in 12 years, equalising after each goal by Real Madrid to end", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174807", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nstrengthen a depleted first team during the international break. French winger Ludovic Giuly explained how a teenage Leo caught the eye in a training session with Frank Rijkaard's first team: \"\"He destroyed us all... They were kicking him all over the place to avoid being ridiculed by this kid, he just got up and kept on playing. He would dribble past four players and score a goal. Even the team's starting centre-backs were nervous. He was an alien.\"\" At 16 years, four months, and 23 days old, he made his first team debut when he came on in the 75th", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174880", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nposition. In eight qualifying matches under Maradona's stewardship, Messi scored only one goal, netting the opening goal in the first such match, a 4–0 victory over Venezuela. During that game, played on 28 March 2009, he wore Argentina's number 10 shirt for the first time, following the international retirement of Riquelme. Overall, Messi scored four goals in 18 appearances during the qualifying process. Ahead of the tournament, Maradona visited Messi in Barcelona to request his tactical input; Messi then outlined a 4–3–1–2 formation with himself playing behind the two strikers, a playmaking position known as the \"\"enganche\"\" in Argentine football,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174850", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nby sections of fans at the Camp Nou. After prolonged speculation over his future with the club, Messi signed a new contract on 19 May 2014, only a year after his last contractual update; his salary increased to €20 million, or €36 million before taxes, the highest wage ever in the sport. Under new manager and former captain Luis Enrique, Messi experienced a largely injury-free start to the 2014–15 season, allowing him to break three more longstanding records towards the end of the year. A hat-trick scored against Sevilla on 22 November made him the all-time top scorer in La", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347392", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nin \"\"El Clásico\"\". Messi capped off the year by winning the 2015 FIFA Club World Cup Final on 20 December, collecting his fifth club trophy of 2015 as Barcelona went on to defeat River Plate 3–0 in Yokohama. Messi also won the tournament's Silver Ball, despite missing the semi-final. On 30 December, Messi scored on his 500th appearance for Barcelona, in a 4–0 home win over Real Betis. On 6 January 2016, recording Barcelona's first goal of the new year, Messi scored two goals and assisted the other two in a 4–1 derby win over Espanyol at the Camp Nou,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7726518", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nBarcelona were in need of an overhaul, leading to the departure of Rijkaard and Ronaldinho. Upon the latter's departure, Messi was given the number 10 shirt. He signed a new contract in July 2008 on an annual salary of €7.8 million, becoming the club's highest-paid player. Ahead of the new season, a major concern remained his frequent muscular injuries, which had left him side-lined for a total of eight months between 2006 and 2008. To combat the problem, the club implemented new training, nutrition, and lifestyle regimens, and assigned him a personal physiotherapist, who would travel with him during call-ups", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5663592", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nthe same slogan. Just a week after Messi announced his international retirement, Argentine newspaper \"\"La Nación\"\" reported that he was reconsidering playing for Argentina at the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifiers in September. On 12 August, it was confirmed that Messi had reversed his decision to retire from international football, and he was included in the squad for the national team's upcoming 2018 World Cup qualifiers. On 1 September 2016, in his first game back, he scored in a 1–0 home win over Uruguay in a 2018 World Cup qualifier. On 28 March 2017, Messi was suspended for four international", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347391", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nEspaña ended their expressed hopes of a second sextuple, with Messi scoring his side's only goal. On 16 September, he became the youngest player to make 100 appearances in the UEFA Champions League in a 1–1 away draw to Roma. On 26 September, Messi sustained an injury in Barcelona's match against Las Palmas; tests later confirmed that he suffered a tear in the medial collateral ligament of his left knee, ruling him out for six to eight weeks. He finally returned to the pitch on 21 November, making a substitute appearance in Barcelona's 4–0 away win over rivals Real Madrid", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174832", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nin charge of Real Madrid, as Barcelona defeated their rivals 5–0. Messi helped the team achieve 16 consecutive league victories, a record in Spanish football, concluding with another hat-trick against Atlético Madrid on 5 February 2011. His club performances in 2010 earned him the inaugural FIFA Ballon d'Or, an amalgamation of the Ballon d'Or and the FIFA World Player of the Year award, though his win was met with some criticism due to his lack of success with Argentina at the 2010 FIFA World Cup. Under the award's old format, he would have placed just outside the top three, owing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174847", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nfirst player to score consecutively against all 19 opposition teams in La Liga. With 60 goals in all competitions, including 46 goals in La Liga, he finished the campaign as league top scorer in Spain and Europe for the second consecutive year, becoming the first player in history to win the European Golden Shoe three times. Following an irregular start to the new season under manager Gerardo Martino, formerly of his boyhood club Newell's Old Boys, Messi suffered his fifth injury of 2013 when he tore his hamstring on 10 November, leaving him sidelined for two months. Despite his injuries,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14347426", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Messi\"\nof the World Cup in Brazil, doubts persisted over Messi's form, as he finished an unsuccessful and injury-plagued season with Barcelona. At the start of the tournament, however, he gave strong performances, being elected man of the match in their first four matches. In his first World Cup match as captain, he led them to a 2–1 victory over Bosnia and Herzegovina; he helped create their early opening goal and scored their second strike after a dribble past three players, his first World Cup goal since his debut in the tournament eight years earlier. During the second match against Iran,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3390	the boards name on ed edd and eddy?	n/a	[ "Plank" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036683", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nEd, Edd n Eddy Ed, Edd n Eddy is a Canadian-American animated comedy television series created by Danny Antonucci for Cartoon Network, and the sixth of the network's Cartoon Cartoons. The series revolves around three preteen boys named Ed, Edd (called \"\"Double D\"\" to avoid confusion with Ed), and Eddy—collectively known as \"\"the Eds\"\"—who live in a suburban cul-de-sac in the fictional town of Peach Creek. Under the unofficial leadership of Eddy, the trio frequently invent schemes to make money from their peers to purchase their favorite confectionery, jawbreakers. Their plans usually fail, leaving them in various, often humiliating, predicaments.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036687", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nnot include the Eds as part of their group, making the trio outcasts. The group of kids consist of: Jonny 2×4 (David Paul \"\"Buck\"\" Grove) is a loner whom his peers consider to be a nuisance, and spends most of his time with his imaginary friend, a wooden board named Plank; Jimmy (Keenan Christensen) is a weak, insecure, and innocent yet accident-prone child, who is most often seen spending his time with Sarah (Janyse Jaud), Ed's spoiled and ill-tempered younger sister; Rolf (Peter Kelamis) is an immigrant, who often participates in unconventional customs; Kevin (Kathleen Barr) is a cynical and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036686", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nall share variations of the name Ed, but differ greatly in their personalities: Ed (voiced by Matt Hill) is the strong, dim-witted dogsbody of the group; Edd (Samuel Vincent), called Double D, is an inventor, neat freak, and the most intelligent of the Eds; and Eddy (Tony Sampson) is a devious, quick-tempered, bitter con artist, and self-appointed leader of the Eds. The three devise plans to scam the cul-de-sac kids out of their money, which they want to use to buy jawbreakers. However, problems always ensue, and the Eds' schemes usually end in failure and humiliation. The cul-de-sac kids do", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1006244", "chunk_text": "\"Danny Antonucci\"\nto cartoons of the 1930s. According to Antonucci, the characters were based on real people in his life. The personalities of Ed, Edd, and Eddy are based on personal traits of himself, and the activities of his two sons. The Eds also possess personality traits similar to The Three Stooges, whose money-making schemes and antics also invariably backfire. The cul-de-sac children and the Kanker Sisters were all based on children he grew up with. Antonucci also stated that he believed it was important to add Plank, a board of wood, to the show, stating that he \"\"thought it would be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8680236", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy (season 2)\"\na group of teenage girls who live in the nearby \"\"Park n' Flush\"\" trailer park. The series takes place mostly within the fictional town of Peach Creek, and new locations were rarely introduced. Danny Antonucci, a cartoonist known for his edgy adult work such as \"\"Lupo the Butcher\"\" and \"\"The Brothers Grunt\"\", was dared by someone to prouduce a children's cartoon. In 1996, Antonucci pitched \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\", which he conceived while designing a commercial, to Cartoon Network and Nickelodeon. After Cartoon Network agreed to give Antonucci creative control over the show, the series went into production and premiered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036689", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nthe silhouettes of other people were occasionally shown, and in \"\"Mission Ed-Possible\"\", the arms of Eddy's father and Ed's mother were seen. In the series finale, \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy's Big Picture Show\"\", Eddy's adult brother (Terry Klassen) was seen for the first time, making him the only non-main character, and the only adult character to ever fully appear on the show. The series took place mostly within the fictional town of Peach Creek, and new locations were rarely introduced. The first four seasons of the show are set during a seemingly endless summer vacation, though from the fifth season", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "305036", "chunk_text": "\"The Ed-touchables / Nagged to Ed\"\nThe Ed-touchables / Nagged to Ed \"\"The Ed-touchables\"\" and \"\"Nagged to Ed\"\" is the series premiere of the animated comedy television series \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\" that serves as a half-hour pilot episode for the show. It premiered on Cartoon Network in the United States on January 4, 1999, although it had originally been scheduled to air on November 7, 1998. The series follows Ed (voiced by Matt Hill), Edd \"\"Double D\"\" (voiced by Samuel Vincent) and Eddy (voiced by Tony Sampson), three preadolescent boys collectively known as \"\"the Eds\"\" and unofficially led by Eddy, who live in a suburban", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8680235", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy (season 2)\"\nMike Kubat, and Robert Leighton. \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\" follows the lives of three adolescent boys who all share variations of the name Ed, but differ greatly in their personalities. In the pursuit of buying jawbreakers and fitting in with the other kids, dimwitted Ed and intellectual Double Dee aid the self-appointed leader, Eddy, in his plans to scam the other children in their cul-de-sac out of their money during a perpetual summer vacation; however problems always ensue. The other children mostly dislike or show indifference to the Eds, though they all share a common fear of the Kanker Sisters,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11352927", "chunk_text": "\"Danny Antonucci\"\nDanny Antonucci Daniel Edward Antonucci (; born February 27, 1957) is a Canadian animator, director, producer, and writer. Antonucci is known for creating the Cartoon Network animated comedy series \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\". He also created \"\"Lupo the Butcher\"\", \"\"Cartoon Sushi\"\", and \"\"The Brothers Grunt\"\". Antonucci dropped out of the Sheridan College of Visual Arts to take a job as an animator at Hanna-Barbera, where he worked on a number of series, including \"\"The Flintstones Comedy Hour\"\", \"\"Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo\"\", \"\"The Smurfs\"\", and \"\"Richie Rich\"\". He continued his career in Vancouver, where he worked on animated shorts and television commercials", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4772774", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy's Big Picture Show\"\nover their damaged friendship. Eddy is initially enraged by this, but also cries and apologizes for the prank. Double D forgives him and the trio continues their journey. The next morning, the Eds come across a coastal theme park called \"\"Mondo A-Go Go\"\" which Double D links to a postcard Eddy has from his brother. The Eds conclude that they have successfully located his brother, living in a trailer resembling a whale. However, as Eddy is about to knock on the door, the Kanker sisters and the Peach Creek kids arrive except for Jonny and Plank. Eddy then knocks on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4787046", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy: The Mis-Edventures\"\nEd, Edd n Eddy: The Mis-Edventures Ed, Edd n Eddy: The Mis-Edventures is a 3D platform game based on the Cartoon Network animated television series \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy,\"\" developed by Artificial Mind and Movement and Cartoon Network Interactive, published by Midway Games and Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment. It was announced on February 15, 2005, and released on November 3, 2005, for the PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, Xbox, Game Boy Advance, and Microsoft Windows. Ed, Edd, and Eddy are playable characters in the game. Players can use them in special tag team formations like the \"\"(Leaning-)Tower-of-Eddy\"\" (as Eddy), \"\"Trampol-Edd\"\" (as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "305039", "chunk_text": "\"The Ed-touchables / Nagged to Ed\"\ndone so, and Eddy concludes that there is a \"\"serial toucher\"\" on the loose. The Eds spread the word to the other cul-de-sac children, who offer them money if they catch the thief. The three then form a plan, which has Ed sitting alone on a bench in the playground with a \"\"Don't Touch!\"\" sign around his neck. Jonny (David Paul Grove) soon walks by, carrying his imaginary friend Plank, who is a board of wood. Impressed with Ed's hair cut, Jonny ignores the sign and rubs Plank against Ed's head. Eddy and Double D then jump out from behind", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036691", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nanimated series of his own. While designing a commercial, he ended up drawing three characters that he felt particularly pleased with. Growing excited over their potential, he named them Ed, Edd, and Eddy and spent the following months developing a show around them. He faxed a one-page concept sheet to Cartoon Network and Nickelodeon in 1996. Both studios quickly responded, Cartoon Network in only 20 minutes, and were enthusiastic and wanted to see more; they each demanded creative control, however, and Antonucci refused. After Cartoon Network agreed to let Antonucci have control of the show, conversations between Antonucci and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15445331", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nas well as \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy's Big Picture Show\"\", are available for download on the iTunes Store. The first four seasons were available on Netflix from March 2013 until March 2015. The third season can be downloaded at Google Play and Amazon. The Eds and Sarah have been free toys in children's meals for Subway. In the United Kingdom the character of Eddy was given away in Kelloggs cereal boxes as one of the Cartoon Network Wobble Heads in 2003 . Ed, Edd n Eddy Ed, Edd n Eddy is a Canadian-American animated comedy television series created by Danny", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16151870", "chunk_text": "\"The Ed-touchables / Nagged to Ed\"\ncul-de-sac. In \"\"The Ed-touchables\"\", the Eds try to earn money by hunting down the \"\"serial toucher\"\", who has been stealing the cul-de-sac children's belongings, while \"\"Nagged to Ed\"\" chronicles the Eds' first encounter with the obsessive Kanker Sisters, after they lure the Eds' into their trailer park home. Series creator Danny Antonucci directed both episodes, co-writing \"\"The Ed-touchables\"\" with Jono Howard and \"\"Nagged to Ed\"\" with Howard and Mike Kubat. The score was composed by Patric Caird, who went on to compose the scores for all of the series' episodes. Although \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\" was one of Cartoon Network's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14876022", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy (season 1)\"\nEd, Edd n Eddy (season 1) The first season of the Canadian-American animated comedy television series \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\", created by Danny Antonucci, originally aired on Cartoon Network in the United States. Although originally set to premiere in November 1998, the season ran from January 4, 1999 to June 11, 1999, and consists of 13 episodes. The series revolves around three adolescent boys collectively known as \"\"the Eds,\"\" who live in a suburban cul-de-sac. Unofficially led by Eddy, the Eds constantly scheme to make money off their peers in order to purchase their favorite confectionery, jawbreakers. However, their plans", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036690", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nonwards, the characters are shown attending junior high school in the fall and winter months. Although cartoonist Danny Antonucci began his career by working as an animator on various children's series for Hanna-Barbera, his later solo works were edgy and aimed at adult audiences. He gained notoriety with the 1987 short film \"\"Lupo the Butcher\"\" and then, after founding his own production studio, a.k.a. Cartoon in 1994, created the series \"\"The Brothers Grunt\"\" for MTV. It was quickly cancelled, however, upon being met with generally poor reviews. On a dare, Antonucci then decided that he would try producing a children's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036714", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nGarcia, Jim Miller, Raven Molisee, and Scott Underwood, while the score was written by series composer Patric Caird. The film achieved huge ratings success for Cartoon Network with high delivery gains. \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\" was regularly featured in DC Comics' \"\"Cartoon Network Block Party\"\" (originally \"\"Cartoon Cartoons\"\", the collective name of original Cartoon Network series from 1995 to 2003) comic books, along with other Cartoon Network series. Two books based on the series have been released, both published by Scholastic Inc. in 2005: \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy: Lots of Laughs\"\", written by Jesse Leon McCann, and \"\"Ed, Edd n", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15079820", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy's Big Picture Show\"\nwhile series voice director Terry Klassen was cast as Eddy's Brother. The film was a success in the ratings for Cartoon Network, posting double and triple digit ratings delivery gains and was met with a positive reception. It was also released on the US iTunes Store. Eddy's most recent moneymaking scheme has backfired heavily and left the cul-de-sac in Peach Creek in a state of devastation. The other children are horribly wounded, except for Sarah and Jimmy, and they all decide to confront the Eds violently. After narrowly escaping, the Eds decide to search for Eddy's older brother for protection.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036699", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nwas featured on the compilation album \"\"Cartoon Medley\"\". The title sequence was created by Paul Boyd. Although \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\" was originally set to premiere on November 7, 1998, the pilot, \"\"The Ed-touchables / Nagged to Ed,\"\" aired on January 4, 1999, as the sixth Cartoon Cartoon, due to minor post-production delays. During the series' original run, episodes often aired as a part of Cartoon Network's weekly programming block \"\"Cartoon Cartoon Fridays.\"\" Cartoon Network ran several marathons for either commercial promotions or special airings of one of their shows. The eight-hour \"\"Boy Girl, Boy Girl\"\" marathon ran on March", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8373143", "chunk_text": "\"Flip Skateboards\"\nTom loved Cheech and Chong for obvious reasons. He’s had a bunch of rad ones that he’s brought to Flip. But that one, along with the mushroom board, is probably the most iconic. We winged it at first, then eventually they found out. Cheech Marin was rad enough to continue letting us make the board as long as he got some royalties. So we actually still pay him on a monthly basis. Cheech Marin has been on the Flip payroll since 2000. The text in the 2012 advertisement read: \"\"The officially approved (and legally licensed this time!) Cheech and Chong", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4934608", "chunk_text": "\"Ed (TV series)\"\nnew housing. The opening credits theme song for the majority of the show's run was \"\"Next Year\"\" by Foo Fighters, except during the entire second season when Clem Snide's \"\"Moment in the Sun\"\" was used. Season three reverted to \"\"Next Year\"\" in the United States, after resolving the \"\"complicated business reasons\"\" that prevented its use the previous year. \"\"Moment in the Sun\"\" continued to be used outside the U.S., although the end credits list \"\"Next Year\"\" as the opening theme. A framed Foo Fighters poster hung on the wall of Stuckeyville High School principal Molly Hudson's office. The first season", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5279445", "chunk_text": "Ouija\nOuija The ouija ( ), also known as a spirit board or talking board, is a flat board marked with the letters of the alphabet, the numbers 0–9, the words \"\"yes\"\", \"\"no\"\", \"\"hello\"\" (occasionally), and \"\"goodbye\"\", along with various symbols and graphics. It uses a small heart-shaped piece of wood or plastic called a planchette. Participants place their fingers on the planchette, and it is moved about the board to spell out words. \"\"Ouija\"\" was formerly a trademark belonging to Parker Brothers, and has subsequently become a trademark of Hasbro, Inc. in the United States, but is often used generically", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3280829", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy (season 2)\"\nEd, Edd n Eddy (season 2) The second season of the Canadian-American animated comedy television series \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\", created by Danny Antonucci, originally aired on Cartoon Network from November 26, 1999, to December 22, 2000, and consists of 13 episodes. The series revolves around three adolescent boys collectively known as \"\"the Eds\"\", who live in a suburban cul-de-sac. Unofficially led by Eddy, the Eds constantly scheme to make money off their peers in order to purchase their favorite confectionery, jawbreakers. However, their plans usually fail, leaving them in various predicaments. The first season was a success in Nielsen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15079821", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy's Big Picture Show\"\nHowever, Eddy does not actually know where his brother lives. Although not affected by the scam, Jimmy and Sarah seek to have a picnic and watch the Eds get beaten up. Jonny and Plank don their respective superhero alter-egos \"\"Captain Melonhead\"\" and \"\"Splinter the Wonderwood\"\" while searching for the Eds in a city bus. Rolf leaves with overflowing luggage riding on the back of his pig Wilfred, using Wilfred's sense of smell and whatever deduction methods he has at his disposal to find the Eds. Kevin and Nazz travel via Kevin's prized bicycle. When the Kanker sisters—Lee, Marie, and May—find", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036698", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nthrough a number of \"\"walking cycles,\"\" a process used to determine how each character should walk or run, turn around, blink, etc. before the crew came up with the final product. Antonucci showed the theme song to the studios when first pitching the series, thinking it would be better than only looking at drawings. It was inspired by the Bob Crosby and The Big Cats song \"\"Big Noise from Winnetka,\"\" which was whistled, something Antonucci enjoyed doing as a child. Composed by Patric Caird, who created all the music in the series, Antonucci performed the whistling himself. The theme song", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18845999", "chunk_text": "\"Cartoon Network: Block Party\"\ncan also play up to 30 mini-games based on the Cartoon Network shows. Players can choose any of the Cartoon Network characters they like. First, Cow and Chicken have gone to a farm, and after eating too many potatoes, their parents suggest that they have some protein. Cow and Chicken both want their favorite protein food: pork butts. In this board the player has to get four pork butts before returning to the start and winning. Second, in the \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\" world, Eddy wants to win a skateboarding competition. Double-D doubts Eddy has a chance. The player must", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036706", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nInanimate Object in a Dramatic Role for the character of Plank, and Best Performance by a Team in a Cartoon Series for the characters of Ed, Double D, and Eddy. The character of Sarah was nominated for Best Performance by a Female in a Cartoon Series, but lost to Bubbles from \"\"The Powerpuff Girls\"\". In 2004, the Eds appeared in a short series of basketball commercials with NBA All-Star Steve Francis. Ed appeared in the \"\"Cartoon Network Elections 2004\"\" with Grim from \"\"The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy\"\" as a team, and they ended up winning, due to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4839409", "chunk_text": "\"Danny Antonucci\"\nto be a \"\"landmark in animation\"\". Joe Murray, famous for creating the animated series \"\"Rocko's Modern Life\"\" and \"\"Camp Lazlo\"\", called Antonucci \"\"one of the founders and mainstays of modern animation\"\". Danny Antonucci Daniel Edward Antonucci (; born February 27, 1957) is a Canadian animator, director, producer, and writer. Antonucci is known for creating the Cartoon Network animated comedy series \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\". He also created \"\"Lupo the Butcher\"\", \"\"Cartoon Sushi\"\", and \"\"The Brothers Grunt\"\". Antonucci dropped out of the Sheridan College of Visual Arts to take a job as an animator at Hanna-Barbera, where he worked on a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9052889", "chunk_text": "\"Dewey Weber\"\nand the 1960s, including \"\"Slippery When Wet\"\" (1958), \"\"Cat on a Hot Foam Board\"\" (1959), and \"\"Walk on the Wet Side\"\" (1963). In the 1973 George Lucas film \"\"American Graffiti\"\", Mackenzie Phillips' character, Carol, wears a white T-shirt with a Dewey Weber logo on it. In 1960, following Weber's return to California from Hawai'i, he founded Weber Surfboards in Venice Beach, where he began producing boards with such names as the \"\"Weber Performer\"\" and the \"\"Weber Pig.\"\" Weber hired his highly regarded shaper, Harold Iggy, and assembled a surfing team, which he sent to surfing events attired in distinctive red", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1668164", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy (season 1)\"\nusually fail, leaving them in various predicaments. Adult cartoonist Antonucci conceived \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\" while working on a commercial design. Antonucci pitched the series to Cartoon Network and Nickelodeon. Both studios were interested in the series, but each demanded creative control and Antonucci refused. Cartoon Network ended up commissioning the show after agreeing to let Antonucci have control of the show. After its debut, the series was a success in Nielsen ratings, popular among younger and older viewers. Met with generally positive reviews, the season earned Antonucci a Reuben Award for Best Television Animation. \"\"The Complete First Season\"\" DVD", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17860400", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy: Scam of the Century\"\nkids find the book and realize they have been scammed for years and immediately want payback. Players take control of the Eds and must make their way through tricks, traps, angry kids, and a barrage of ammunition including soap, dirty underwear, and broccoli. Then each Ed must brainstorm, scam, or smash their way back into the cul-de-sac and ultimately battle Captain Melonhead and Splinter the Wonderwood. The plot is loosely similar to the episode \"\"Robbin' Ed\"\" and the \"\"Big Picture Show\"\" TV movie special, even though the movie had another two years before it saw a release. The game received", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036692", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nstudio continued. Vice president of programming and production of Cartoon Network, Mike Lazzo, showed high interest in the series and requested a show bible, which came through by fax, a few pages at a time, over a period of the next few months. After an affirmative response from Cartoon Network president Betty Cohen, the legal paperwork and deal-making began, followed by a start-up meeting at the Chateau Marmont Hotel in Los Angeles. A deal was made that Antonucci's studio, a.k.a. Cartoon, would produce \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\", the first Cartoon Network original series to be produced by an outside production", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036713", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nEdd n Eddy's Big Picture Show\"\" served as the series' finale and premiered in the United States on November 8, 2009; although it had completed production a year earlier and first aired in Scandinavia, Australia, and Southeast Asia. The plot focuses on the Eds' search for Eddy's Brother, a character mentioned several times throughout the series, but never seen until the film. He is voiced by series voice director Terry Klassen. The film was directed by Antonucci, who also co-wrote the script with Rachel Connor, Jono Howard, Mike Kubat, and Stacy Warnick. The story was written by Joel Dickie, Steve", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6267477", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy: Jawbreakers!\"\nearn money, solve physical puzzles, interact with their pals from the cul-de-sac, and find hidden goodies. Ed can headbutt things; Double D can use a slingshot or a wrench and use switches that do different things; and Eddy can use the hypnotizing wheel or the jetpack. The players will control one Ed at a time, each with his own unique strength and weakness, and may dynamically cycle through the three main characters. Players will explore 29 levels, each offering a short animated cut-scene at the beginning and end. The game received negative reviews among critics who reviewed it. IGN's Craig", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13041053", "chunk_text": "\"Chairman of the Board (film)\"\nmoment from \"\"Late Night\"\" in several compilation episodes and specials. Comedian and former \"\"Mystery Science Theater 3000\"\" host Michael J. Nelson named the film the fifth worst comedy ever made. It is currently among the 100 lowest rated movies on IMDb. Chairman of the Board (film) Chairman of the Board is a 1998 comedy film directed by Alex Zamm, starring Courtney Thorne-Smith and Carrot Top. In the film, a surfer and inventor named Edison inherits and runs a billionaire's company. It was poorly received by both critics and audiences. Edison (Carrot Top) is a poor, failed inventor and surf bum,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036694", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nimmigrant family, and grew up in a first generation foreign household with different customs and ways of living, compared to those born in Canada. Matt Hill, Samuel Vincent, and Tony Sampson were respectively cast as Ed, Double D, and Eddy. David Paul \"\"Buck\"\" Grove and Keenan Christensen played the parts of Jonny 2×4 and Jimmy, respectively, while Sarah was voiced by Janyse Jaud. Peter Kelamis voiced Rolf, while Kathleen Barr was cast as Kevin. Nazz was voiced by Tabitha St. Germain in season 1, Jenn Forgie in season 3 and Erin Fitzgerald in seasons 2, 4, 5 and 6. Fitzgerald", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036707", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nhighest number of votes by viewers. \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\" attracted an audience of 31 million households, was broadcast in 120 countries, and was popular among both children and adults. According to Cartoon Network executive Linda Simensky, the first season did \"\"remarkably well\"\" in ratings following its premiere, becoming one of the top-rated series on the network. It was Cartoon Network's most popular show among boys ages 2–11. In 2005, it was reported that \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\" was the number one rated show on Cartoon Network and was known to 79% of children aged 6–11. The series ran for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15169054", "chunk_text": "\"The Brothers Grunt\"\nThe Brothers Grunt The Brothers Grunt is a Canadian-American animated comedy television series by \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\" creator Danny Antonucci that originally aired from August 15, 1994 to April 9, 1995 on MTV. The series centered on Frank, Tony, Bing, Dean and Sammy, an ensemble cast of pale, rubbery humanoids distantly related to human beings, all of them ostensibly male, wandering around in their underpants, in search of their lost brother Perry. The series had a short run and was met with a generally negative reception. The series centered on an ensemble cast of pale, rubbery, twitchy, involuntarily spastic,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15079818", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy's Big Picture Show\"\nEd, Edd n Eddy's Big Picture Show Ed, Edd n Eddy's Big Picture Show is a 2009 Canadian-American animated road comedy television film based on the animated series \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\", serving as the series finale. It was produced by a.k.a. Cartoon and premiered on Cartoon Network in the United States, and Teletoon in Canada on November 8, 2009. The film was directed by series creator Danny Antonucci, who co-wrote the film with Jono Howard, Mike Kubat, Rachel Connor, and Stacy Warnick. The movie centers on Ed, Edd and Eddy's journey to find Eddy's unnamed (and previously unseen) older", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3316171", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy: The Mis-Edventures\"\nCartoon Network and Midway released The Ed-ventures interactive flash game on the now defunct \"\"midwaycartoon.com\"\". The game allows viewers to visit the bedrooms of the three main characters, interacting with clickable objects yields several goodies such as videos and pictures of the game, character biographies and quizzes. Collecting the nine jawbreakers (three in each room) allows players to download a ZIP file containing a small PDF of hints & tips for the game. The site was preserved and still functional through web archive. \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy: The Mis-Edventures\"\" received generally mixed reviews from critics. IGN's Charles Onyett criticized the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13041050", "chunk_text": "\"Chairman of the Board (film)\"\nChairman of the Board (film) Chairman of the Board is a 1998 comedy film directed by Alex Zamm, starring Courtney Thorne-Smith and Carrot Top. In the film, a surfer and inventor named Edison inherits and runs a billionaire's company. It was poorly received by both critics and audiences. Edison (Carrot Top) is a poor, failed inventor and surf bum, but soon runs into and befriends wealthy business magnate Armand McMillan (Jack Warden). When Armand passes away shortly thereafter, he leaves Edison the majority of shares in his large invention corporation, and leaves Bradford (Larry Miller), his jealous nephew and only", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11352928", "chunk_text": "\"Danny Antonucci\"\nfor International Rocketship Limited, and created his first solo work, the animated short \"\"Lupo the Butcher\"\". At MTV, he worked on a number of commercials, his series \"\"The Brothers Grunt\"\", and the animation showcase program \"\"Cartoon Sushi\"\", which he co-created with Keith Alcorn. He went on to create \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\" for Cartoon Network. In 2008, Antonucci signed to the now-defunct WildBrain. Throughout his career, Antonucci won a number of awards. Many of his commercials for Converse, ESPN and Levi's won a number of awards. \"\"Lupo the Butcher\"\" was a successful short and is considered to be a cult", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14306927", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy: Jawbreakers!\"\nEd, Edd n Eddy: Jawbreakers! Ed, Edd n Eddy: Jawbreakers is a video game developed by Climax Group and published by BAM! Entertainment for the Game Boy Advance. It was released on September 15, 2002, and is based on Cartoon Network's \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\". The game mirrors Ed, Edd (Double D), and Eddy's television quest to make money to buy jawbreakers. The Eds must collect raffle tickets to win a contest whose grand prize is a lifetime supply of ever-lasting jawbreakers. Throughout the game, Ed, Double D, and Eddy will tap into their unique brand of resourcefulness as they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6528868", "chunk_text": "\"Display board\"\nDisplay board A display board is a board-shaped material that is rigid and strong enough to stand on its own, and generally used paper or other materials affixed to it. Display board may also be referred to as \"\"poster board\"\". Along with quad charts, display boards were an early form of fast communication developed by the National Weather Service of the United States Department of Commerce's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Traditional tri-fold display boards are single sheet corrugated boards divided into three panels by score marks. Typically, the two outside panels are half the width of the center panel.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8680238", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy (season 2)\"\nJono Howard and Mike Kubat, although Robert Leighton was credited as a co-writer for \"\"To Sir with Ed\"\". The cast mostly remained the same as in season one; Matt Hill, Samuel Vincent, and Tony Sampson were cast as Ed, Double D, and Eddy, David Paul Grove as Jonny 2x4, Keenan Christenson as Jimmy, Janyse Jaud as Sarah and Lee Kanker, Kathleen Barr as Kevin and Marie, Peter Kelamis as Rolf, and Erin Fitzgerald as May Kanker, but Tabitha St. Germain, the voice of Nazz, was replaced by Fitzgerald. The second season of \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\" was generally acclaimed by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17735458", "chunk_text": "\"Dances with Smurfs\"\nis simply asking rhetorical questions and seeking further discussion. Beck has been criticized for utilizing a similar style of commentary in his radio and television shows. Cartman's televised morning announcements are patterned after the \"\"Glenn Beck\"\" television program, using the same types of music and imagery, as well as a logo with the initials \"\"EC\"\" that closely resemble the logo of Beck's show, which use the initials \"\"GB\"\". Cartman also writes comments about Wendy on a blackboard, which is a prop often used by Beck on his television program. The day after \"\"Dances with Smurfs\"\" originally aired, Beck himself discussed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15445330", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\n2003's \"\"\"\" and \"\"Cartoon Network Speedway\"\". All three main characters, and the Kanker sisters, appear as non-playable \"\"Nano\"\" characters in the massively multiplayer online game \"\"\"\". The first two seasons of \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\" were released as DVD box sets by Warner Home Video and Madman Entertainment in 2006 and 2007. The \"\"Fools' Par-Ed-Ise\"\" DVD, the box sets of the first two seasons, and several \"\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\" T-shirts are available for purchase on the Cartoon Network Shop. Selected episodes from the series were also featured on various Cartoon Network compilation DVDs. All five seasons of the series,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4036712", "chunk_text": "\"Ed, Edd n Eddy\"\nNetwork's 10th Birthday\"\". Cartoon Network produced short cartoons involving the Eds which were shown during commercial breaks. A short music video was produced with stylized versions of Ed, Edd, Eddy and Sarah, entitled \"\"The Incredible Shrinking Day\"\" (listed on the Season 2 DVD as \"\"I'm Not Coming in Anymore\"\"), which aired on Cartoon Network in 2002 and 2003. In the video, Sarah uses a potion to shrink the Eds to a size capable of playing in her dollhouse, with predictable results. Plank starred in a similar video called \"\"My Best Friend Plank,\"\" which aired in 2002. The made-for-TV movie \"\"Ed,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11388587", "chunk_text": "\"On the Boards\"\nOn the Boards On the Boards (OtB) is a non-profit contemporary performing arts organization in Seattle, Washington, founded in 1978. Originally located at Washington Hall in the Central District, the organization moved in 1998 to their current location in Uptown. They present more than 40 distinct shows annually, amounting to over 100 performance nights each year in 2 theater spaces. On the Boards began its existence renting the upstairs theater space at Washington Hall from the Sons of Haiti. Washington Hall is a 1908 building whose history prior to OtB included appearances by W. E. B. Du Bois and Martin", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3391	who sang national anthem at the super bowl?	n/a	[ "Pink" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9076614", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl 50\"\nfor the game. This ceremony continued a ten-year tradition (starting with Super Bowl XX and then repeated in Super Bowl XXX and Super Bowl XL) in which past Super Bowl MVPs were honored before the game. Lady Gaga (accompanied by Alex Smith on piano) sang the national anthem, while Marlee Matlin simultaneously performed an American Sign Language (ASL) version of it. Matlin also signed an a cappella version of \"\"America the Beautiful\"\", which was sung by a U.S. Armed Forces chorus. In late November 2015, reports surfaced stating that \"\"multiple acts\"\" would perform during the halftime show. On December 3,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13927489", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XLIII\"\nKTAR, with the teams' other network radio affiliates instead carrying the Westwood One feed. Journey and the Bethune-Cookman University Marching Wildcats performed during the pre-game show, while Jennifer Hudson sang \"\"The Star-Spangled Banner\"\" (arranged by Chris Walden) in her first public appearance since the murder of her nephew, brother and mother. Hudson became the second consecutive alumna from the \"\"American Idol\"\" television series to perform the national anthem at a Super Bowl (Jordin Sparks sang the anthem at Super Bowl XLII). The national anthem was translated into American Sign Language by Kristen Santos. Following the anthem, the United States Air", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8767182", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl\"\nnational anthem at Super Bowl XXV in 1991, during the Gulf War, had long been regarded as one of the best renditions of the anthem in history. Then, in an historic, groundbreaking, and emotional performance prior to Super Bowl XLVIII, soprano Renee Fleming became the first opera singer to perform the anthem, propelling FOX to the highest ratings of any program in its history, and remains so today. The halftime show of Super Bowl XXXVIII attracted controversy, following an incident in which Justin Timberlake removed a piece of Janet Jackson's top, briefly exposing one of her breasts before the broadcast", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16048218", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXVII\"\nand on television. This has become a regular tradition starting with this Super Bowl. Celine Dion then sang \"\"God Bless America\"\" which is sung for the only time in the Super Bowl, and later the Dixie Chicks sang the national anthem, \"\"The Star-Spangled Banner\"\". F/A-18 Super Hornets of the United States Navy performed a flyover. To honor the 30th anniversary of the 17–0 undefeated, perfect season of the 1972 Miami Dolphins, the following members of that team appeared during the coin toss ceremony: Don Shula, Bob Griese, Larry Csonka, Larry Little, Jim Langer, Nick Buoniconti, Paul Warfield. Shania Twain, No", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12435179", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XLVI\"\nDarren Fletcher, Rocky Boiman, and Greg Brady announcing. The Indiana University Marching Hundred performed during the pre-game show. On January 12, 2012, it was reported that former \"\"American Idol\"\" winner Kelly Clarkson would sing the National Anthem at Super Bowl XLVI. It marks the fourth time in the previous five years that an \"\"American Idol\"\" contestant has performed the national anthem (joining Carrie Underwood, Jennifer Hudson and Jordin Sparks). Husband-and-wife country musicians Blake Shelton and Miranda Lambert performed \"\"America the Beautiful\"\" as part of the ceremonies. American Sign Language translation for both songs was performed by Rachel Mazique, the currently", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9773297", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XL\"\nchoir, performed the national anthem as part of a pre-game tribute to New Orleans, a nine-time Super Bowl host city then in the midst of efforts to rebuild in the wake of Hurricane Katrina. The national anthem was performed in American Sign Language by Angela LaGuardia, a teacher at Michigan School for the Deaf. Tom Brady, MVP of Super Bowls XXXVI and XXXVIII, became the first active player to participate in a Super Bowl coin toss, the result of which toss was tails, as selected by Seattle. The Rolling Stones performed during the halftime show, which was sponsored by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6749855", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LII\"\nof \"\"This Is Us\"\" as guests. In a surprise move, Netflix used its advertising time to announce it had acquired the rights to \"\"The Cloverfield Paradox\"\", the third film in the \"\"Cloverfield\"\" series, and would make it available immediately after the game, potentially undercutting viewership of the lucrative post-game slot on NBC. Pink performed \"\"The Star-Spangled Banner\"\", while Leslie Odom Jr. sang \"\"America the Beautiful\"\". Pink spit out a throat lozenge shortly before singing the anthem, later verified after many commentators thought she had spit out a piece of gum. She reported being ill with flu symptoms during her performance.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7043086", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XLV\"\nplaintiffs were awarded between $5,600 and $22,000 depending on the value of their tickets. Keith Urban and Maroon 5 performed during the pregame. The Texas Christian University Horned Frog Marching Band also performed during the pregame show. 22-year-old Candice Villesca of Lewisville, Texas performed the national anthem and \"\"America the Beautiful\"\" in American Sign Language. Lea Michele performed \"\"America the Beautiful\"\" supported by the Air Force Tops in Blue. Pop singer Christina Aguilera sang the national anthem, but performed the wrong lyrics for the fourth line of the song, later issuing an apology. The coin toss ceremony was the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15540384", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XLVIII\"\nMarching Band and Syracuse University Marching Band. Queen Latifah, joined by the New Jersey Youth Chorus, sang \"\"America the Beautiful\"\". \"\"The Star-Spangled Banner\"\" was then sung by Renée Fleming, the first, (and, so far, only), opera singer ever to do so at a Super Bowl. A V-shaped formation of three United States Army Black Hawks, three Apache attack helicopters and three Chinook heavy-lifters did a military flyover timed with the last note of the song. On September 8, 2013, the league announced that Bruno Mars would perform at halftime. On January 10, 2014, it was announced that Red Hot Chili", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8924972", "chunk_text": "\"Performances and adaptations of The Star-Spangled Banner\"\nTop 40 of Billboard's Hot 100 pop singles chart. José Feliciano's 1968 rendition was released as a single after his performance, peaking at #50 on the Billboard Hot 100 late in 1968. Houston's performance of the National Anthem at Super Bowl XXV had long stood as the definitive, until 23 years later when soprano Renee Fleming made broadcast history as the first opera performer to sing the Anthem at a Super Bowl. Her emotional performance at Super Bowl XLVIII helped give the Fox Network the highest ratings of any program in its 26-year history, and it still stands today as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8641556", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XLI\"\nSky Sports taking the main CBS commentary and ITV taking the NFL supplied international commentary feed of Spero Dedes and Sterling Sharpe. Super Bowl XLI was broadcast in over 200 countries. Amongst the television networks who broadcast Super Bowl XLI were: Before the game, Cirque du Soleil, Romero Britto and Little Louie Vega performed as the pre-game act, and Billy Joel sang the National Anthem, accompanying himself on piano. He also performed at Super Bowl XXIII, which was played at the same venue. Joel became the second person to sing the National Anthem twice for a Super Bowl; Aaron Neville", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14220109", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXVII\"\ntitle as this episode. The pre show featured The Rockettes dance company in a tribute to Hollywood music and cinema in the United States. Also featured were former Eagles singer Glenn Frey and Fleetwood Mac. Country music singer Garth Brooks sang the national anthem. He was accompanied by actress Marlee Matlin, who signed the anthem for the deaf fans. Brooks very nearly did not perform the anthem—he left the stadium less than an hour before he was slated to sing, because of a dispute with NBC, regarding a video he asked them to air for the song \"\"We Shall Be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16774787", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LI halftime show\"\nthe performance, with sales growth for all her records. The song \"\"Million Reasons\"\" from \"\"Joanne\"\", which was part of the set list, became her 14th top-ten single on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart. The halftime show began on the roof of NRG Stadium. Lady Gaga started singing \"\"God Bless America\"\" as drones swarm behind her emitting red, white and blue color. She then sang Woody Guthrie's \"\"This Land Is Your Land\"\", followed by the ending of the Pledge of Allegiance: \"\"One nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.\"\" Gaga then dove from the rooftop as the drones", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20552750", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LI\"\na Super Bowl since Billy Joel at Super Bowl XLI. Immediately before Bryan sang the national anthem, Phillipa Soo, Renée Elise Goldsberry and Jasmine Cephas Jones, who originated the roles of the Schuyler sisters in the Broadway musical \"\"Hamilton\"\", performed \"\"America the Beautiful\"\". After the national anthem, former President George H. W. Bush performed the coin toss alongside his wife, Barbara. The Patriots called heads, but the Falcons won the coin toss with tails. The Falcons chose to defer to the second half. On September 29, 2016, Lady Gaga, who had performed the national anthem the previous year at Super", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14219982", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXV\"\nEstrellas, Canada on CTV and on Venezuela on Venevisión. Because of the Gulf War situation, this marked the first time the Super Bowl would be telecast in most countries around the world. Outside of North America and England, this Super Bowl was broadcast for the first time in countries such as Australia and Russia. Whitney Houston performed \"\"The Star-Spangled Banner\"\" for Super Bowl XXV, backed by The Florida Orchestra under the direction of Maestro Jahja Ling. With America involved in the Gulf War, the positive response to the rousing performance was overwhelming, and it was released as a single and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12816889", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXV\"\nanniversary of the birth of the United States, singer Ray Charles performed \"\"America the Beautiful\"\". The song was signed (ASL) by Tom Cooney. To honor the 10th anniversary of the Persian Gulf War, 10 military veterans from the conflict including former general Norman Schwarzkopf were introduced on the field. The pop group (and Florida natives) The Backstreet Boys then sang the national anthem becoming the only boyband to sing the national anthem at the Super Bowl. The coin toss ceremony honored the two previous Super Bowls that were played in Tampa. Representing the New York Giants' win in Super Bowl", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16006851", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXVI\"\nused different active and former players (and a player's widow) reading the Declaration for each version. Former U.S. presidents Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, George H. W. Bush, and Bill Clinton appeared in another videotaped segment and recited some of the speeches by Abraham Lincoln. Because Ronald Reagan had Alzheimer's disease, his wife Nancy appeared on the segment in place of him. Singers Mary J. Blige and Marc Anthony, along with the Boston Pops Orchestra, performed \"\"America the Beautiful\"\". Paul McCartney then sang his post-9/11 song \"\"Freedom\"\". Afterwards, singer Mariah Carey, accompanied by the Boston Pops Orchestra, performed the national anthem.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14765548", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XLVII\"\nfrom the sidelines. Both WBAL and KNBR are clear-channel stations, which allowed the local commentaries to be heard throughout the Eastern and Western United States, respectively. Per contractual rules, the rest of the stations in the 49ers' and Ravens' radio networks carried the Dial Global feed. Internationally, the game was carried on radio as follows: Sirius XM Radio and NFL Audio Pass carried the local, Dial Global, and select international audio feeds. On January 18, 2013, the league announced that Alicia Keys would sing the national anthem. Keys stated that she would not perform the song traditionally and instead would", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14329404", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XLIV\"\ntouchdown, to clinch the victory. New Orleans quarterback Drew Brees, who completed 32 of 39 passes for 288 yards and two touchdowns, was named the Super Bowl MVP. His 32 completions tied a Super Bowl record set by Tom Brady in Super Bowl XXXVIII. The live broadcast of the game on CBS was watched by an average U.S. audience of 106.5 million viewers, making it then the most-watched Super Bowl. The National Anthem was sung by Carrie Underwood, and the halftime show featured the British rock band The Who. Super Bowl XLIV was the last Bowl to have a uniquely", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "263119", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XLIV\"\nalong with WLHK, WFNI and WWL, with the teams' other network radio affiliates instead airing the Westwood One feed. Barenaked Ladies played the Super Bowl Saturday Night event with O.A.R. and Robert Randolph and the Family Band. Chris Daughtry, Steve Winwood and Queen Latifah performed during the Super Bowl pre-game tailgate party, which started at 2 p.m. Carrie Underwood sang the National Anthem and Queen Latifah sang \"\"America the Beautiful.\"\" Underwood's selection marks the third straight year that an alumnus of \"\"American Idol\"\" has been chosen to perform \"\"The Star-Spangled Banner\"\", joining Jordin Sparks at Super Bowl XLII and Jennifer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12152967", "chunk_text": "\"The Star-Spangled Banner\"\nLee Roth both referenced parts of the anthem and played part of a hard rock rendition of the anthem on his song, \"\"Yankee Rose\"\" on his 1986 solo album, \"\"Eat 'Em and Smile\"\". Steven Tyler also caused some controversy in 2001 (at the Indianapolis 500, to which he later issued a public apology) and again in 2012 (at the AFC Championship Game) with a cappella renditions of the song with changed lyrics. In 2016, Aretha Franklin performed a rendition before the nationally-televised Minnesota Vikings-Detroit Lions Thanksgiving Day game lasting more than four minutes and featuring a host of improvizations. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3907680", "chunk_text": "\"Performances and adaptations of The Star-Spangled Banner\"\nbacked them up by singing \"\"America the Beautiful.\"\" In 1993, Olympic gold medalist Carl Lewis attempted to sing \"\"The Star-Spangled Banner\"\" before a New Jersey Nets game. Lewis sang the entire song off-key and at a range too high for his voice. After his voice broke on the word \"\"glare\"\", he stopped and said \"\"Uh oh\"\", then said \"\"I'll make up for it now\"\" near the end of the song. He was widely ridiculed for the incident. ESPN SportsCenter anchor Charley Steiner described Lewis' version of the national anthem as being written by \"\"Francis Scott Off-Key\"\". At the 2001 Pro", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8924968", "chunk_text": "\"Performances and adaptations of The Star-Spangled Banner\"\nAguilera sang the national anthem at Super Bowl XLV in February 2011 between the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Green Bay Packers, and changed the lyrics of the fourth line from \"\"o'er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming\"\" to the alteration of the second line \"\"what so proudly we watched at the twilight's last gleaming\"\" while she sang the anthem at the Super Bowl. She later apologized, saying that \"\"I got so lost in the moment of the song that I lost my place.\"\" At the December 5, 2010 NFL game between the Denver Broncos and the Kansas City", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1079626", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXI\"\nBowl. The pregame show featured Los del Río, who performed their multi-platinum smash hit \"\"Macarena\"\", the dance craze that became a worldwide summer hit in 1996. Country singer-songwriter Mary Chapin Carpenter and Cajun musical group BeauSoleil also appeared singing Carpenter's hit \"\"Down at the Twist and Shout\"\". R&B singer Luther Vandross later sang the national anthem, and Miss Louisiana 1996 Erika Schwarz Wright performed sign language for the national anthem. The coin toss ceremony featured the winning head coaches of the Super Bowls that had previously been in New Orleans: Hank Stram (Super Bowl IV), Tom Landry (Super Bowl VI,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8924966", "chunk_text": "\"Performances and adaptations of The Star-Spangled Banner\"\nthe between the New England Patriots and the Baltimore Ravens. Robert Goulet forgot the lyrics when invited to sing the anthem before one of Muhammad Ali's championship bouts in the 1960s. He was often chided for this, usually by people who were not aware that he was Canadian by birth. In 2002, pop-singer Anastacia sang the national anthem before the 2002 MLB All-Star Game In it, she sang \"\"perilous night\"\" instead of \"\"perilous fight\"\". This was the first in a long line of debacles that night after all of which the game ended in a 7-7 tie in 11 innings.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12815392", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXV\"\nSuper Bowl XXV Super Bowl XXV was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Buffalo Bills and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion New York Giants to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1990 season. The Giants defeated the Bills by the score of 20–19, winning their second Super Bowl. The game was held at Tampa Stadium in Tampa, Florida, on January 27, 1991, during the time of the Gulf War. It was preceded by a memorable performance of \"\"The Star-Spangled Banner\"\" by Whitney Houston during the pre-game ceremonies. The American Broadcasting Company", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6749856", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LII\"\nNo players were observed kneeling during the national anthem, in contrast to the protests that happened earlier in the 2016 and 2017 seasons. Fifteen Medal of Honor recipients participated in the coin toss ceremony. World War II hero Hershel W. Williams was the honorary captain and had the honors of flipping the coin. Justin Timberlake headlined the Super Bowl LII halftime show, along with his band \"\"The Tennessee Kids\"\" and featuring the University of Minnesota Marching Band. Timberlake performed in two previous Super Bowls: Super Bowl XXXV in 2001 as a member of NSYNC, and Super Bowl XXXVIII in 2004", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20552749", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl LI\"\nof the Pro Football Hall of Fame that had played college football at historically black colleges and universities. Of the 303 members of the Hall of Fame, 29 were from HBCUs. The Patriots took the field first as the designated away team to Ozzy Osbourne's \"\"Crazy Train\"\". The Falcons took the field second as the designated home team to Trick Daddy's \"\"Let's Go\"\". Both teams' season recaps were presented by Ving Rhames. Before the game, American country music singer and songwriter Luke Bryan sang the US national anthem. Bryan was the first male performer to sing the national anthem at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9773211", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXIX\"\naired a special episode of \"\"The Simpsons\"\" (\"\"Homer and Ned's Hail Mary Pass\"\") and the series premiere of \"\"American Dad!\"\" (\"\"Pilot\"\"), except in Philadelphia and Boston, where local newscasts delayed the premieres by an hour. Before the game, performances came from the Black Eyed Peas, Earth Wind & Fire, Charlie Daniels, John Fogerty, and Gretchen Wilson. Shortly before kickoff, Alicia Keys sang \"\"America the Beautiful,\"\" paying tribute to Ray Charles, who died in June 2004. The combined choirs of the U.S. Military Academy, the U.S. Naval Academy, the U.S. Air Force Academy, and the U.S. Coast Guard Academy (including members", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12591740", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XLII\"\nand Fox confirmed that \"\"Idol\"\" host Seacrest would serve as emcee for the pre-game show, with Alicia Keys as the primary performer; as she sang a medley of her songs, including... \"\"Go Ahead\"\", \"\"Fallin'\"\", \"\"If I Ain't Got You\"\", \"\"Teenage Love Affair\"\", and \"\"No One\"\" as the final performance. \"\"Idol\"\" Season Six winner Jordin Sparks, herself a native of Glendale and daughter of former New York Giants cornerback Phillippi Sparks, performed the National Anthem, while Phoenix College professor and theatrical interpreter A Dreamer interpreted it into American Sign Language. The anthem was followed by a flyover from the U.S. Navy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19446762", "chunk_text": "\"U.S. national anthem protests\"\nwas a violation of the First Amendment to the US Constitution. In November 1970, Kaye Stevens refused to sing the national anthem before a NFL game between the Pittsburgh Steelers and Kansas City Chiefs, although she had sung the previous week when the Steelers played the New York Jets. She said she was protesting the Steelers planned expenditure of $37 million on the new Three Rivers Stadium when local officials were underfunding treatment for drug users. From 1968 onwards, Jimi Hendrix performed an instrumental version using feedback, distortion and other effects to deconstruct the music with the sonic images of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3907681", "chunk_text": "\"Performances and adaptations of The Star-Spangled Banner\"\nFootball Hall of Fame Game, Macy Gray was booed after stumbling over the words, and singing offbeat. When performing the anthem before a game in the 2003 American League Championship Series at Fenway Park, singer Michael Bolton briefly forgot the lyrics and had to look at his hand, where he had apparently written them down for reference. On April 25, 2003, during an NBA playoff game between the Portland Trail Blazers and the Dallas Mavericks, Trail Blazers coach Maurice Cheeks aided 13-year-old Natalie Gilbert in singing the national anthem. After Gilbert forgot the words of \"\"At the twilight's last gleaming\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15318686", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XLIX\"\nwas simulcasted on TSN Radio in Canada. In the United Kingdom, BBC Radio 5 Live returned to coverage after the previous year's NFL broadcaster, Absolute Radio 90s, dropped out of sports coverage. Rocky Boiman and Darren Fletcher return as commentators. Idina Menzel performed the national anthem and John Legend performed \"\"America the Beautiful\"\". On October 9, 2014, \"\"Billboard\"\" announced that Katy Perry would perform at halftime and the NFL confirmed the announcement on November 23, 2014. At the start of the halftime show, on-field participants held up light globes which created a bird's-eye view of the Pepsi logo. Perry entered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "170424", "chunk_text": "\"Jim Cornelison\"\nJim Cornelison James Cornelison (born June 20, 1964) is a professional singer who sings \"\"The Star-Spangled Banner\"\" and \"\"O Canada\"\" at the beginning of home games for the Chicago Blackhawks, accompanied by organist Frank Pellico. Cornelison started singing the anthem for the Blackhawks part-time in 1996; he has been singing the national anthem for the Blackhawks full-time since 2007. He has also performed the anthem before Chicago Bears home games at Soldier Field during the 2010–11 NFL playoffs, as well as the 2011 season opener against the Atlanta Falcons, which fell on the tenth anniversary of the September 11 attacks.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16772150", "chunk_text": "\"The Star Spangled Banner (Whitney Houston recording)\"\n\"\"The Star Spangled Banner\"\", backed by the Florida Orchestra along with music director Jahja Ling, before 73,813 fans, 115 million viewers in the United States and a worldwide television audience of 750 million. The pregame program including Houston's performance of the national anthem was produced by Bob Best for the National Football League and televised live on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States. Because of the Gulf War situation, this marked the first time the Super Bowl would be telecast in most countries around the world. Outside of North America and the United Kingdom, the Super Bowl was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12815411", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXV\"\na video. It reached number 20 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 – making her the only act to turn the national anthem into a pop hit of that magnitude. Houston's rendition was critically acclaimed and largely regarded as one of the best renditions of the U.S. national anthem in history. The track was included on the album \"\"\"\". Following 9/11, the single was re-released by Arista Records, peaking at number 6 on the Hot 100 and was certified platinum by the RIAA. Former NFL commissioner Pete Rozelle joined the coin toss ceremony. The halftime show was titled \"\"A Small World", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8924969", "chunk_text": "\"Performances and adaptations of The Star-Spangled Banner\"\nChiefs, the Eli Young Band sung the national anthem. After messing up the lyrics on the 2nd line of the song, they were met with boos. They started over and sang the lyrics correctly. During Game 5 of the 2014 World Series, Staind lead singer Aaron Lewis reportedly butchered the national anthem. During the 2018 NBA All-Star Game, Fergie performed what was considered the worst rendition of the \"\"Star-Spangled Banner\"\" in recent memory. \"\"The Star Spangled Banner\"\" became a charity single recorded by Pop/R&B singer Whitney Houston and produced by music director Rickey Minor, along with Houston herself, to raise", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16006850", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXVI\"\nof the year from Adbowl M&M's \"\"Chocolate on our Pillow or Hotel Check In\"\" and EA Sports' Madden NFL 2002 which aired during the game three days after Madden NFL 2002 start selling in Japan by Electronic Arts Square. Before the game, an ensemble of singers featured Barry Manilow, Yolanda Adams, James Ingram, Wynonna Judd, and Patti LaBelle performing Manilow's song \"\"Let Freedom Ring.\"\" In a video segment, past and present NFL players read excerpts from the Declaration of Independence, which has become a part of all subsequent Super Bowls carried by Fox Sports. Super Bowls XXXIX, XLII, and XLV", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14216874", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXII\"\nBowl XXII\"\"; and was the first such highlight film to feature former Boston and Buffalo radio personality Jeff Kaye as its narrator. The pregame festivities featured a tribute to entertainer Bob Hope, who was approaching the age of 85. Trumpeter Herb Alpert performed \"\"The Star-Spangled Banner\"\", while Pro Football Hall of Fame wide receiver Don Hutson participated in the coin toss ceremony (the game happened to coincide with Hutson's 75th birthday). Alpert's performance was the last non-vocal performance of the National Anthem in a Super Bowl to date. The halftime show, produced by Radio City Music Hall, was titled \"\"Something", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12870288", "chunk_text": "\"The Star-Spangled Banner\"\nThe Star-Spangled Banner \"\"The Star-Spangled Banner\"\" is the national anthem of the United States. The lyrics come from the Defence of Fort M'Henry, a poem written on September 14, 1814, by the then 35-year-old lawyer and amateur poet Francis Scott Key after witnessing the bombardment of Fort McHenry by British ships of the Royal Navy in Baltimore Harbor during the Battle of Baltimore in the War of 1812. Key was inspired by the large U.S. flag, with 15 stars and 15 stripes, known as the Star-Spangled Banner, flying triumphantly above the fort during the U.S. victory. The poem was set", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19077980", "chunk_text": "\"America's Song\"\nAmerica's Song \"\"America's Song\"\" is a patriotic song written by will.i.am, David Foster and George Pajon, Jr. The song is performed by will.i.am, Seal, Bono, Mary J. Blige, and Faith Hill, with David Foster appearing on piano. The song's live debut, at the Kennedy Center, was broadcast live on a special edition of \"\"The Oprah Winfrey Show\"\" aired on January 19, 2009, in honor of the next day's inauguration of Barack Obama as President of the United States. The songwriting collaboration is a first between Foster and will.i.am. Regarding his intentions for the song, will.i.am said to Oprah Winfrey on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14220159", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXVIII\"\nmusician Charlie Daniels, and the Morehouse College Marching Band. The United States Trampoline Association (USTA) performed on 4 trampolines during \"\"Jump-Jump\"\" performed by Kris Kross. Later, singer Natalie Cole, accompanied by the Atlanta University Center Chorus, sang the national anthem. To honor the 25th anniversary of the New York Jets' upset win in Super Bowl III, that game's MVP, former Jets quarterback Joe Namath joined the coin toss ceremony. The halftime show was titled \"\"Rockin' Country Sunday\"\" and featured country music stars Clint Black, Tanya Tucker, Travis Tritt, and Wynonna Judd. The show's finale included a special appearance by Naomi", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12152963", "chunk_text": "\"The Star-Spangled Banner\"\nObama on Defender's Day, September 12, 2014, at Fort McHenry. In addition, the anthem bicentennial included a youth music celebration including the presentation of the National Anthem Bicentennial Youth Challenge winning composition written by Noah Altshuler. The first popular music performance of the anthem heard by the mainstream U.S. was by Puerto Rican singer and guitarist José Feliciano. He created a nationwide uproar when he strummed a slow, blues-style rendition of the song at Tiger Stadium in Detroit before game five of the 1968 World Series, between Detroit and St. Louis. This rendition started contemporary \"\"Star-Spangled Banner\"\" controversies. The response", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1168407", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXVII\"\nDoubt, and Sting were featured during the halftime show, which was sponsored by AT&T Wireless. Twain sang her hits \"\"Man! I Feel Like a Woman!\"\" and \"\"Up!\"\". No Doubt then sang their hit \"\"Just a Girl\"\" with lead singer Gwen Stefani ad-libbing lines like \"\"I'm just a girl at the Super Bowl!\"\" The show concluded with Sting performing \"\"Message in a Bottle\"\", with Stefani joining in midway through. Bon Jovi appeared as part of the post-game ceremonies, performing \"\"It's My Life\"\" prior to the Vince Lombardi Trophy presentation and \"\"Everyday\"\" afterwards (most of the latter performance was not shown on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11968188", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XLI\"\nsang the national anthem before Super Bowl XXIV, in New Orleans, and Super Bowl XL (along with Aretha Franklin), in Detroit. This was also the last time until Luke Bryan sang at Super Bowl LI that a male artist had sung the national anthem at a Super Bowl. Marlee Matlin and Jason Hay-Southwell performed the National Anthem in American Sign Language. Besides participating in the CBS telecast of the pre-game show, Dan Marino also participated in the coin toss along with Norma Hunt, the widow of Lamar Hunt, the former owner of the Kansas City Chiefs and the man who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14220207", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXIX\"\nnarrated by Harry Kalas. The pregame show held before the game featured country music singer Hank Williams, Jr., who performed his theme song for \"\"Monday Night Football\"\", which was based on his single \"\"All My Rowdy Friends Are Coming Over Tonight\"\". Actress and singer Kathie Lee Gifford (Frank Gifford's wife) later sang the national anthem. She was accompanied by then-Miss America Heather Whitestone who signed the anthem for the hearing impaired. To honor the NFL's 75th season, several former players who were named to the league's 75th Anniversary All-Time Team joined the coin toss ceremony: Otto Graham, Joe Greene, Ray", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "911811", "chunk_text": "\"National Anthem Project\"\nin Washington, DC, June 14–16, 2007, which featured a performance of The Star Spangled Banner on the National Mall. On June 14, 2007 more than 1,200 participants gathered at FedEx Field, home of the Washington Redskins near Washington, D.C., to celebrate the Project in a singalong led by country star Taylor Swift. That same day more than 5,000 students joined together on the National Mall at the Washington Monument with \"\"The President's Own\"\" U.S. Marine Band for an afternoon concert. On June 15, school ensembles from around the country performed throughout Washington, D.C. at eight monuments including the Lincoln Memorial,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4156261", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXVIII\"\nwith a joint performance by marching bands the Spirit of Houston, from the University of Houston, and the \"\"Ocean of Soul\"\" of Texas Southern University. Next, Janet Jackson made her first appearance, singing \"\"All for You\"\". Then, P. Diddy, Nelly, and Kid Rock appeared respectively, and performed a mixture of their hits. After Jackson's performance of her song \"\"Rhythm Nation\"\", Justin Timberlake appeared, and he and Jackson sang a duet of Timberlake's song \"\"Rock Your Body\"\". The performance featured many suggestive dance moves by both Timberlake and Jackson. As the song reached the final line, \"\"I'm gonna have you naked", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "916236", "chunk_text": "\"Julie Dubela\"\nJulie Dubela Julie Dubela (born January 16, 1991) is an American singer from Stratham, New Hampshire. She appeared on several television programs, including American Juniors and American Idol, and is known in the Boston, Massachusetts area for her live performances of \"\"The Star-Spangled Banner.\"\" She has performed for the New Hampshire General Court, the state legislature of New Hampshire. She sang the national anthem in Fenway Park (home of the Boston Red Sox), TD Banknorth Garden (home of the Boston Bruins, formerly \"\"FleetCenter\"\"), Gillette Stadium (home of the New England Patriots), and elsewhere. Performances outside of sports have included the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11636926", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXIV\"\nsinger Faith Hill then sang the national anthem. To celebrate the 30th anniversary of Super Bowl IV, the following participants of the game were featured during the coin toss ceremony: Bud Grant, Lamar Hunt, Bobby Bell, Paul Krause, Willie Lanier, Alan Page, and Jan Stenerud. The E-Trade halftime show was produced by Disney and titled \"\"Tapestry of Nations\"\" after the Epcot parade of the same name. The show, narrated by actor Edward James Olmos, was inspired by Walt Disney World's millennium celebration. It featured a full symphony orchestra conducted by Steven Byess; a multi-generational, 80-person choir; and singers Phil Collins,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3392	the area enclosed by hysteresis loop is a measure of?	n/a	[ "energy loss" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8621088", "chunk_text": "Hysteresivity\nHysteresivity Hysteresivity derives from “hysteresis”, meaning “lag”. It is the tendency to react slowly to an outside force, or to not return completely to its original state. Whereas the area within a hysteresis loop represents energy dissipated to heat and is an extensive quantity with units of energy, the hysteresivity represents the fraction of the elastic energy that is lost to heat, and is an intensive property that is dimensionless. When a force deforms a material it generates elastic stresses and internal frictional stresses. Most often, frictional stress is described as being analogous to the stress that results from the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19246163", "chunk_text": "\"Magnetic hysteresis\"\nthe relationship between and is plotted for increasing levels of field strength, follows the \"\"initial magnetization curve\"\". This curve increases rapidly at first and then approaches an asymptote called magnetic saturation. If the magnetic field is now reduced monotonically, follows a different curve. At zero field strength, the magnetization is offset from the origin by an amount called the remanence. If the relationship is plotted for all strengths of applied magnetic field the result is a hysteresis loop called the \"\"main loop\"\". The width of the middle section along the H axis is twice the coercivity of the material. A", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11376475", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nmagnetization is not linear in such materials. If a magnet is demagnetized () and the relationship between and is plotted for increasing levels of field strength, follows the \"\"initial magnetization curve\"\". This curve increases rapidly at first and then approaches an asymptote called magnetic saturation. If the magnetic field is now reduced monotonically, follows a different curve. At zero field strength, the magnetization is offset from the origin by an amount called the remanence. If the relationship is plotted for all strengths of applied magnetic field the result is a hysteresis loop called the \"\"main loop\"\". The width of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11376471", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\na function of Kelvin radius. An adsorption isotherm showing hysteresis is said to be of Type IV (for a wetting adsorbate) or Type V (for a non-wetting adsorbate), and hysteresis loops themselves are classified according to how symmetric the loop is. Adsorption hysteresis loops also have the unusual property that it is possible to scan within a hysteresis loop by reversing the direction of adsorption while on a point on the loop. The resulting scans are called \"\"crossing,\"\" \"\"converging,\"\" or \"\"returning,\"\" depending on the shape of the isotherm at this point. The relationship between matric water potential and water content", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13997725", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nslightly longer length as it is unloaded. This is because the band does not obey Hooke's law perfectly. The hysteresis loop of an idealized rubber band is shown in the figure. In terms of force, the rubber band was harder to stretch when it was being loaded than when it was being unloaded. In terms of time, when the band is unloaded, the effect (the length) lagged behind the cause (the force of the weights) because the length has not yet reached the value it had for the same weight during the loading part of the cycle. In terms of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8621092", "chunk_text": "Hysteresivity\nconforming to the structural damping law, the hysteresivity \"\"h\"\" is constant with or insensitive to changes in oscillatory frequency, and the loss modulus G” (= h G’) becomes a constant fraction of the elastic modulus. Hysteresivity Hysteresivity derives from “hysteresis”, meaning “lag”. It is the tendency to react slowly to an outside force, or to not return completely to its original state. Whereas the area within a hysteresis loop represents energy dissipated to heat and is an extensive quantity with units of energy, the hysteresivity represents the fraction of the elastic energy that is lost to heat, and is an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13997723", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nbe observed when decreasing the angle of attack of a wing after stall, regarding the lift and drag coefficients. The angle of attack where the flow on top of the wing reattaches is generally lower than the angle of attack where the flow separates during the increase of the angle of attack. In the elastic hysteresis of rubber, the area in the centre of a hysteresis loop is the energy dissipated due to material internal friction. Elastic hysteresis was one of the first types of hysteresis to be examined. The effect can be demonstrated using a rubber band with weights", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11376451", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nHysteresis Hysteresis is the dependence of the state of a system on its history. For example, a magnet may have more than one possible magnetic moment in a given magnetic field, depending on how the field changed in the past. Plots of a single component of the moment often form a loop or hysteresis curve, where there are different values of one variable depending on the direction of change of another variable. This history dependence is the basis of memory in a hard disk drive and the remanence that retains a record of the Earth's magnetic field magnitude in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3445036", "chunk_text": "\"Preisach model of hysteresis\"\nof formula_3 is expressed as: formula_19 Where formula_20 if the last time formula_6 was outside of the boundaries formula_22, it was in the region of formula_23; and formula_24 if the last time formula_6 was outside of the boundaries formula_22, it was in the region of formula_27. This definition of the hysteron shows that the current value formula_8 of the complete hysteresis loop depends upon the history of the input variable formula_6. The Preisach model consists of many relay hysterons connected in parallel, given weights, and summed. This is best visualized by a block diagram: Each of these relays has different", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9293710", "chunk_text": "\"Preisach model of hysteresis\"\nthe form of a loop, as shown: Above, a relay of magnitude 1. formula_4 defines the \"\"switch-off\"\" threshold, and formula_5 defines the \"\"switch-on\"\" threshold. Graphically, if formula_6 is less than formula_4, the output formula_8 is \"\"low\"\" or \"\"off.\"\" As we increase formula_6, the output remains low until formula_6 reaches formula_5—at which point the output switches \"\"on.\"\" Further increasing formula_6 has no change. Decreasing formula_6, formula_8 does not go low until formula_6 reaches formula_4 again. It is apparent that the relay operator formula_3 takes the path of a loop, and its next state depends on its past state. Mathematically, the output", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11376473", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nthis type of hysteresis. Two other types of sensors used to measure soil water matric potential are also influenced by hysteresis effects within the sensor itself. Resistance blocks, both nylon and gypsum based, measure matric potential as a function of electrical resistance. The relation between the sensor’s electrical resistance and sensor matric potential is hysteretic. Thermocouples measure matric potential as a function of heat dissipation. Hysteresis occurs because measured heat dissipation depends on sensor water content, and the sensor water content–matric potential relationship is hysteretic. , only desorption curves are usually measured during calibration of soil moisture sensors. Despite the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14906254", "chunk_text": "\"Exchange spring magnet\"\nbetween hard and soft magnetic materials: the hard material helps retain the soft material’s anisotropy, which increases its coercivity. The magnetic hysteresis loop of an exchange spring magnet theoretically takes on a shape resembling that of a summation of its hard and soft magnetic components (as seen in Figure 1), meaning its \"\"energy product\"\" is higher than those of its components. A magnet’s maximum energy product (BH), which is roughly proportional to its coercivity (H) and magnetization saturation (M), is used as a metric of its ability to do magnetic work as (BH) is twice the magnet’s available magnetostatic energy.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13999217", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nthe subject. In addition, there are models that capture general features of many systems with hysteresis. An example is the Preisach model of hysteresis, which represents a hysteresis nonlinearity as a linear superposition of square loops called non-ideal relays. Many complex models of hysteresis arise from the simple parallel connection, or superposition, of elementary carriers of hysteresis termed hysterons. A simple and intuitive parametric description of various hysteresis loops may be found in the Lapshin model. Along with the classical loop, substitution of trapezoidal or triangle pulses instead of the harmonic functions allows piecewise-linear hysteresis loops frequently used in discrete", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15403538", "chunk_text": "\"Magnetic complex reluctance\"\nMagnetic complex reluctance Magnetic complex reluctance (SI Unit: H) is a measurement of a passive magnetic circuit (or element within that circuit) dependent on sinusoidal magnetomotive force (SI Unit: At·Wb) and sinusoidal magnetic flux (SI Unit: T·m), and this is determined by deriving the ratio of their complex \"\"effective\"\" amplitudes.[Ref. 1-3] As seen above, magnetic complex reluctance is a phasor represented as \"\"uppercase Z mu\"\" where: The \"\"lossless\"\" magnetic reluctance, \"\"lowercase z mu\"\", is equal to the absolute value (modulus) of the magnetic complex reluctance. The argument distinguishing the \"\"lossy\"\" magnetic complex reluctance from the \"\"lossless\"\" magnetic reluctance is equal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2593323", "chunk_text": "\"Permeability (electromagnetism)\"\nexample in a Newton–Raphson iterative solution scheme that computes the changing saturation of a magnetic circuit. Permeability is the inductance per unit length. In SI units, permeability is measured in henries per metre (H·m = J/(A·m) = N·A). The auxiliary magnetic field H has dimensions current per unit length and is measured in units of amperes per metre (A·m). The product \"\"µ\"\" H thus has dimensions inductance times current per unit area (H·A/m). But inductance is magnetic flux per unit current, so the product has dimensions magnetic flux per unit area, that is, magnetic flux density. This is the magnetic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13997724", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nattached to it. If the top of a rubber band is hung on a hook and small weights are attached to the bottom of the band one at a time, it will get longer. As more weights are \"\"loaded\"\" onto it, the band will continue to extend because the force the weights are exerting on the band is increasing. When each weight is taken off, or \"\"unloaded\"\", the band will get shorter as the force is reduced. As the weights are taken off, each weight that produced a specific length as it was loaded onto the band now produces a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13999220", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nand later by Noori and co-workers. That extended model, named, BWBN, can reproduce the complex shear pinching or slip-lock phenomenon that earlier model could not reproduce. BWBN model has been widely used in a wide spectrum of applications and have been incorporated in several software codes such as OpenSees. When hysteresis occurs with extensive and intensive variables, the work done on the system is the area under the hysteresis graph. Hysteresis Hysteresis is the dependence of the state of a system on its history. For example, a magnet may have more than one possible magnetic moment in a given magnetic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16236807", "chunk_text": "Magnetostriction\na magnetostrictive material when subjected to a torque and the Wiedemann effect is the twisting of these materials when a helical magnetic field is applied to them. The Villari reversal is the change in sign of the magnetostriction of iron from positive to negative when exposed to magnetic fields of approximately 40 kA/m. On magnetization, a magnetic material undergoes changes in volume which are small: of the order 10. Like flux density, the magnetostriction also exhibit hysteresis versus strength of magnetizing field. The shape of this hysteresis loop (called \"\"dragonfly loop\"\") can be reproduced using the Jiles-Atherton model. Magnetostrictive materials", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13997714", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nmore slowly; this is known as \"\"rate-dependent\"\" hysteresis. However, phenomena such as the magnetic hysteresis loops are mainly \"\"rate-independent\"\", which makes a durable memory possible. Systems with hysteresis are nonlinear, and can be mathematically challenging to model. Some models such as the Preisach model (originally applied to ferromagnetism) and the Bouc–Wen model attempt to capture general features of hysteresis; and there are also phenomenological models for particular phenomena such as the Jiles–Atherton model for ferromagnetism. The term \"\"hysteresis\"\" is derived from , an Ancient Greek word meaning \"\"deficiency\"\" or \"\"lagging behind\"\". It was coined around 1890 by Sir James Alfred", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5802706", "chunk_text": "\"Magnetic core\"\nin one cycle of the applied field is proportional to the area inside the hysteresis loop. Since the energy lost in each cycle is constant, hysteresis power losses increase proportionally with frequency. The final equation for the hysteresis power loss is If the core is electrically conductive, the changing magnetic field induces circulating loops of current in it, called eddy currents, due to electromagnetic induction. The loops flow perpendicular to the magnetic field axis. The energy of the currents is dissipated as heat in the resistance of the core material. The power loss is proportional to the area of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4853982", "chunk_text": "Coercivity\nferromagnetic material to becoming demagnetized. Coercivity is usually measured in oersted or ampere/meter units and is denoted \"\"H\"\". It can be measured using a B-H analyzer or magnetometer. Ferromagnetic materials with high coercivity are called magnetically \"\"hard\"\" materials, and are used to make permanent magnets. Materials with low coercivity are said to be magnetically \"\"soft\"\". The latter are used in transformer and inductor cores, recording heads, microwave devices, and magnetic shielding. Typically the coercivity of a magnetic material is determined by measurement of the magnetic hysteresis loop, also called the \"\"magnetization curve\"\", as illustrated in the figure. The apparatus used", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "542873", "chunk_text": "\"Bouc–Wen model of hysteresis\"\nlarge values that transition is abrupt. Parameters formula_14, formula_19 and formula_16 control the size and shape of the hysteretic loop. It has been found that the parameters of the Bouc–Wen model are functionally redundant. Removing this redundancy is best achieved by setting formula_30. Wen assumed integer values for formula_17; however, all real positive values of formula_17 are admissible. The parameter formula_19 is positive by assumption, while the admissible values for formula_16, that is formula_35, can be derived from a thermodynamical analysis (Baber and Wen (1981)). Some terms are defined below: Absorbed hysteretic energy represents the energy dissipated by the hysteretic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "325990", "chunk_text": "\"Rowland ring\"\nproduces a voltage proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic field formula_2 in the material. By measuring the time integral of the voltage in the sampling coil versus the current in the magnetization coil, one obtains the hysteresis curve. Paul Lorrain and Dale Corson, \"\"Electromagnetic Fields and Waves, 2nd ed\"\", W.H. Freeman and Company (1970). Rowland ring Rowland's ring (aka Rowland ring) is an experimental arrangement for the measurement of the hysteresis curve of a sample of magnetic material. It was developed by Henry Augustus Rowland. The geometry of a Rowland's ring is usually a toroid of magnetic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11376472", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nis the basis of the water retention curve. Matric potential measurements (Ψ) are converted to volumetric water content (θ) measurements based on a site or soil specific calibration curve. Hysteresis is a source of water content measurement error. Matric potential hysteresis arises from differences in wetting behaviour causing dry medium to re-wet; that is, it depends on the saturation history of the porous medium. Hysteretic behaviour means that, for example, at a matric potential (Ψ) of , the volumetric water content (θ) of a fine sandy soil matrix could be anything between 8% to 25%. Tensiometers are directly influenced by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "542874", "chunk_text": "\"Bouc–Wen model of hysteresis\"\nsystem, and is quantified as the area of the hysteretic force under total displacement; therefore, the absorbed hysteretic energy (per unit of mass) can be quantified as that is, here formula_36 is the squared pseudo-natural frequency of the non-linear system; the units of this energy are formula_37. Energy dissipation is a good measure of cumulative damage under stress reversals; it mirrors the loading history, and parallels the process of damage evolution. In the Bouc–Wen–Baber–Noori model, this energy is used to quantify system degradation. An important modification to the original Bouc–Wen model was suggested by Baber and Wen (1981) and Baber", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13997730", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nthe maximum liquid volume is removed from the drop without the interfacial area decreasing the receding contact angle is thus measured. When volume is added to the maximum before the interfacial area increases, this is the advancing contact angle. As with the tilt method, the difference between the advancing and receding contact angles is the contact angle hysteresis. Most researchers prefer the tilt method; the add/remove method requires that a tip or needle stay embedded in the drop which can affect the accuracy of the values, especially the receding contact angle. The equilibrium shapes of bubbles expanding and contracting on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12201300", "chunk_text": "\"Loop gain\"\nsecond. It is often displayed as a graph with the horizontal axis frequency \"\"ω\"\" and the vertical axis gain. In amplifiers, the loop gain is the difference between the open-loop gain curve and the closed-loop gain curve (actually, the 1/β curve) on a dB scale. Loop gain In electronics and control system theory, loop gain is the sum of the gain, expressed as a ratio or in decibels, around a feedback loop. Feedback loops are widely used in electronics in amplifiers and oscillators, and more generally in both electronic and nonelectronic industrial control systems to control industrial plant and equipment.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19761327", "chunk_text": "\"Displacement current\"\ndisplacement current density term is added to the conduction current density (the Ampère-Maxwell equation): This equation says that the integral of the magnetic field B around a loop \"\"∂S\"\" is equal to the integrated current J through any surface spanning the loop, plus the displacement current term \"\"ε∂E / ∂t\"\" through the surface. As depicted in the figure to the right, the current crossing surface \"\"S\"\" is entirely conduction current. Applying the Ampère-Maxwell equation to surface \"\"S\"\" yields: However, the current crossing surface \"\"S\"\" is entirely displacement current. Applying this law to surface \"\"S\"\", which is bounded by exactly the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11376478", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nthe magnetic moment per unit volume is smaller than it would be in a single-domain magnet; but domain walls involve rotation of only a small part of the magnetization, so it is much easier to change the magnetic moment. The magnetization can also change by addition or subtraction of domains (called \"\"nucleation\"\" and \"\"denucleation\"\"). The most known empirical models in hysteresis are Preisach and Jiles-Atherton models. These models allow an accurate modeling of the hysteresis loop and are widely used in the industry. However, these models lose the connection with thermodynamics and the energy consistency is not ensured. Last models", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6389217", "chunk_text": "SQUID\napplied magnetic field and the period equal to formula_9. Since the current-voltage characteristic of the DC SQUID is hysteretic, a shunt resistance, formula_17 is connected across the junction to eliminate the hysteresis (in the case of copper oxide based high-temperature superconductors the junction's own intrinsic resistance is usually sufficient). The screening current is the applied flux divided by the self-inductance of the ring. Thus formula_18 can be estimated as the function of formula_19 (flux to voltage converter) as follows: The discussion in this Section assumed perfect flux quantization in the loop. However, this is only true for big loops with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19161559", "chunk_text": "\"Stoner–Wohlfarth model\"\nat . The shape of the hysteresis loop has a strong dependence on the angle between the magnetic field and the easy axis (Figure 3). If the two are parallel (), the hysteresis loop is at its biggest (with in normalized units). The magnetization starts parallel to the field and does not rotate until it becomes unstable and jumps to the opposite direction. In general, the larger the angle, the more reversible rotation occurs. At the other extreme of , with the field perpendicular to the easy axis, no jump occurs. The magnetization rotates continuously from one direction to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "325989", "chunk_text": "\"Rowland ring\"\nRowland ring Rowland's ring (aka Rowland ring) is an experimental arrangement for the measurement of the hysteresis curve of a sample of magnetic material. It was developed by Henry Augustus Rowland. The geometry of a Rowland's ring is usually a toroid of magnetic material around which is closely wound a magnetization coil consisting of a large number of windings to magnetize the material, and a sampling coil consisting of a smaller number of windings to sample the induced magnetic flux. The electric current flowing in the magnetization coil dictates the magnetic field intensity formula_1 in the material. The sampling coil", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13997726", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nenergy, more energy was required during the loading than the unloading, the excess energy being dissipated as heat. Elastic hysteresis is more pronounced when the loading and unloading is done quickly than when it is done slowly. Some materials such as hard metals don't show elastic hysteresis under a moderate load, whereas other hard materials like granite and marble do. Materials such as rubber exhibit a high degree of elastic hysteresis. When the intrinsic hysteresis of rubber is being measured, the material can be considered to behave like a gas. When a rubber band is stretched it heats up, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12123399", "chunk_text": "\"Permeability (electromagnetism)\"\nPermeability (electromagnetism) In electromagnetism, permeability is the measure of the ability of a material to support the formation of a magnetic field within itself otherwise known as distributed inductance in Transmission Line Theory. Hence, it is the degree of magnetization that a material obtains in response to an applied magnetic field. Magnetic permeability is typically represented by the (italicized) Greek letter \"\"µ\"\". The term was coined in September 1885 by Oliver Heaviside. The reciprocal of magnetic permeability is magnetic reluctivity. In SI units, permeability is measured in henries per meter (H/m), or equivalently in newtons (kg⋅m/s) per ampere squared (N·A).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6021590", "chunk_text": "Remanence\nsteel) as it is an unwanted contamination, for example a magnetization remaining in an electromagnet after the current in the coil is turned off. Where it is unwanted, it can be removed by degaussing. Sometimes the term retentivity is used for remanence measured in units of magnetic flux density. The default definition of magnetic remanence is the magnetization remaining in zero field after a large magnetic field is applied (enough to achieve saturation). The effect of a magnetic hysteresis loop is measured using instruments such as a vibrating sample magnetometer; and the zero-field intercept is a measure of the remanence.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11376474", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nfact that it can be a source of significant error, the sensor specific effect of hysteresis is generally ignored. When an external magnetic field is applied to a ferromagnetic material such as iron, the atomic domains align themselves with it. Even when the field is removed, part of the alignment will be retained: the material has become \"\"magnetized\"\". Once magnetized, the magnet will stay magnetized indefinitely. To demagnetize it requires heat or a magnetic field in the opposite direction. This is the effect that provides the element of memory in a hard disk drive. The relationship between field strength and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2593338", "chunk_text": "\"Permeability (electromagnetism)\"\nin a material versus how much is stored. Permeability (electromagnetism) In electromagnetism, permeability is the measure of the ability of a material to support the formation of a magnetic field within itself otherwise known as distributed inductance in Transmission Line Theory. Hence, it is the degree of magnetization that a material obtains in response to an applied magnetic field. Magnetic permeability is typically represented by the (italicized) Greek letter \"\"µ\"\". The term was coined in September 1885 by Oliver Heaviside. The reciprocal of magnetic permeability is magnetic reluctivity. In SI units, permeability is measured in henries per meter (H/m), or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13997743", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\na memory, for example magnetic tape, hard disks, and credit cards. In these applications, \"\"hard\"\" magnets (high coercivity) like iron are desirable so the memory is not easily erased. Magnetically \"\"soft\"\" (low coercivity) iron is used for the cores in electromagnets. The low coercivity reduces that energy loss associated with hysteresis. The low energy loss during a hysteresis loop is also the reason why soft iron is used for transformer cores and electric motors. Electrical hysteresis typically occurs in ferroelectric material, where domains of polarization contribute to the total polarization. Polarization is the electrical dipole moment (either C·m or C·m).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18492330", "chunk_text": "Hemorheology\nare the amplitudes of stress and strain and formula_8 is the phase shift between them. From the above relations, the components of the complex modulus are determined from a loop that is created by comparing the change in torque with the change in time which forms a loop when represented graphically. The limits of formula_30 - d(t) loop and the area, A, bounded by the formula_30 - d(t) loop, which represents the energy dissipation per cycle, are used in the calculations. The phase angle formula_8, storage modulus G', and loss modulus G\"\" then become: where d is the displacement. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13997721", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\neffect devices using passive matrix addressing. Shortcuts are made between adjacent components (see crosstalk) and the hysteresis helps to keep the components in a particular state while the other components change states. Thus, all rows can be addressed at the same time instead of individually. In the field of audio electronics, a noise gate often implements hysteresis intentionally to prevent the gate from \"\"chattering\"\" when signals close to its threshold are applied. A hysteresis is sometimes intentionally added to computer algorithms. The field of user interface design has borrowed the term hysteresis to refer to times when the state of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15403539", "chunk_text": "\"Magnetic complex reluctance\"\nto the natural number formula_7 raised to a power equal to: Where: The \"\"lossy\"\" magnetic complex reluctance represents a magnetic circuit element's resistance to not only magnetic flux but also to \"\"changes\"\" in magnetic flux. When applied to harmonic regimes, this formality is similar to Ohm's Law in ideal AC circuits. In magnetic circuits, magnetic complex reluctance is equal to: Where: Magnetic complex reluctance Magnetic complex reluctance (SI Unit: H) is a measurement of a passive magnetic circuit (or element within that circuit) dependent on sinusoidal magnetomotive force (SI Unit: At·Wb) and sinusoidal magnetic flux (SI Unit: T·m), and this", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5348226", "chunk_text": "Coenergy\nis stored in the magnetic field. where (\"\"e\"\" - voltage, \"\"i\"\" - current and formula_2 - flux linkage): therefore For a general problem the relationship formula_6 is non-linear (see also magnetic hysteresis). If there is a finite change in flux linkage from one value to another (e.g. from formula_7 to formula_8) can be calculated as: For calculations either the flux linkage formula_2 or the current \"\"i\"\" can be used as the independent variable. The total energy stored in the system is equal to the area OABO, which is in turn equal to OACO, therefore: For linear lossless systems the coenergy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4076443", "chunk_text": "\"Control loop\"\nthe standard IEC 61346 (\"\"Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Structuring principles and reference Control loop A control loop is the fundamental building block of industrial control systems. It consists of all the physical components and control functions necessary to automatically adjust the value of a measured process variable (PV) to equal the value of a desired set-point (SP). It includes the process sensor, the controller function, and the final control element (FCE) which are all required for automatic control. The accompanying diagram shows a control loop with a single PV input, a control function, and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19140982", "chunk_text": "\"Pressure-volume loop experiments\"\nor milli-liters) by combining the axial length measurements in standard spherical or ellipsoidal volume equations: formula_1 (for a single-axis measurement) formula_2 (for a two-axis measurement, where L1 is the length of the long axis) formula_3 (for a three-axis measurement) When the axial measurements are acquired in terms of millimeters, then the volume units in these equations will be in terms of milliliters. A conductance catheter contains two or more ring-shaped electrodes along its length. When a high-frequency low-amplitude constant current is passed through the outer electrodes to generate an electric field, the potential difference between any pair of inner electrodes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13325105", "chunk_text": "\"Permeability (electromagnetism)\"\nfield B, which is measured in webers (volt-seconds) per square-metre (V·s/m), or teslas (T). B is related to the Lorentz force on a moving charge \"\"q\"\": The charge \"\"q\"\" is given in coulombs (C), the velocity \"\"v\"\" in meters per second (m/s), so that the force \"\"F\"\" is in newtons (N): H is related to the magnetic dipole density. A magnetic dipole is a closed circulation of electric current. The dipole moment has dimensions current times area, units ampere square-metre (A·m), and magnitude equal to the current around the loop times the area of the loop. The H field at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5692482", "chunk_text": "\"Magnetic field\"\nthe integral is a line integral over any closed loop and is the 'bound current' enclosed by that closed loop. In the magnetic pole model, magnetization begins at and ends at magnetic poles. If a given region, therefore, has a net positive 'magnetic pole strength' (corresponding to a north pole) then it has more magnetization field lines entering it than leaving it. Mathematically this is equivalent to: where the integral is a closed surface integral over the closed surface and is the 'magnetic charge' (in units of magnetic flux) enclosed by . (A closed surface completely surrounds a region with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4076438", "chunk_text": "\"Control loop\"\nControl loop A control loop is the fundamental building block of industrial control systems. It consists of all the physical components and control functions necessary to automatically adjust the value of a measured process variable (PV) to equal the value of a desired set-point (SP). It includes the process sensor, the controller function, and the final control element (FCE) which are all required for automatic control. The accompanying diagram shows a control loop with a single PV input, a control function, and the control output (CO) which modulates the action of the final control element (FCE) to alter the value", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11376476", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\nmiddle section is twice the coercivity of the material. A closer look at a magnetization curve generally reveals a series of small, random jumps in magnetization called Barkhausen jumps. This effect is due to crystallographic defects such as dislocations. Magnetic hysteresis loops are not exclusive to materials with ferromagnetic ordering. Other magnetic orderings, such as spin glass ordering, also exhibit this phenomenon. The phenomenon of hysteresis in ferromagnetic materials is the result of two effects: rotation of magnetization and changes in size or number of magnetic domains. In general, the magnetization varies (in direction but not magnitude) across a magnet,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11700236", "chunk_text": "\"Spin crossover\"\nthe LS state CN stretching band at 2099 cm is predominant at lower temperatures, in addition to the different mixed HS and LS state and the fading of this band as the temperatures change. The area under the curves of the absorption peaks for these two states are going to be proportional to the fraction of HS and LS states in the sample. Figure 7 shows a plot of the area under the curves of the absorption peaks as a function of temperature for the same iron cluster (vide supra), showing a large hysteresis loop. Changes in the (M-L) bond", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13997716", "chunk_text": "Hysteresis\noutput , but with a phase lag : Such behavior can occur in linear systems, and a more general form of response is where formula_3 is the instantaneous response and formula_4 is the impulse response to an impulse that occurred formula_5 time units in the past. In the frequency domain, input and output are related by a complex \"\"generalized susceptibility\"\" that can be computed from formula_6; it is mathematically equivalent to a transfer function in linear filter theory and analogue signal processing. This kind of hysteresis is often referred to as \"\"rate-dependent hysteresis\"\". If the input is reduced to zero,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3393	what is the salary of us secretary of state?	n/a	[ "$205,700", "$205,700 annually" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14332556", "chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of State\"\nand Attorney General, are generally regarded as the four most important Cabinet members because of the importance of their respective departments. Secretary of State is a Level I position in the Executive Schedule and thus earns the salary prescribed for that level (currently $210,700). The current Secretary of State is Mike Pompeo. On March 13, 2018, President Donald Trump dismissed Rex Tillerson and nominated Pompeo, then Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, to replace Tillerson. Tillerson announced later that day that his last day at the State Department would be March 31, 2018. The stated duties of the Secretary of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9544359", "chunk_text": "\"Executive Schedule\"\n55 positions are: lists 125 positions granted the rank of level III. Since January 2018, the annual rate of pay for Level III is $174,500. The positions are: (1) Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs; (2) Under Secretary of State for Management; (3) Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs; (4) Under Secretary of State for Economic Growth, Energy and the Environment; (5) Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security; (6) Under Secretary of State for Civilian Security, Democracy and Human Rights Note: The Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision was level", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2696344", "chunk_text": "\"United States Department of State\"\nUnited States Department of State The United States Department of State (DOS), commonly just referred to as the State Department, is the federal executive department that advises the President and represents the country in international affairs and foreign policy issues. Equivalent to the foreign ministry of other countries, it was established in 1789 as the nation's first executive department. The current Secretary of State is Mike Pompeo, who ascended to the office in April 2018 after Rex Tillerson resigned. The State Department's duties include implementing the foreign policy of the United States, operating the nation's diplomatic missions abroad, negotiating treaties", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14332555", "chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of State\"\nUnited States Secretary of State The Secretary of State is a senior official of the federal government of the United States of America, and as head of the United States Department of State, is principally concerned with foreign policy and is considered to be the U.S. government's equivalent of a Minister for Foreign Affairs. The Secretary of State is nominated by the President of the United States and, following a confirmation hearing before the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, is confirmed by the United States Senate. The Secretary of State, along with the Secretary of the Treasury, Secretary of Defense,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14332560", "chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of State\"\n1,059,247 miles, and third is Clinton's 956,733 miles. See List of Secretaries of State of the United States United States Secretary of State The Secretary of State is a senior official of the federal government of the United States of America, and as head of the United States Department of State, is principally concerned with foreign policy and is considered to be the U.S. government's equivalent of a Minister for Foreign Affairs. The Secretary of State is nominated by the President of the United States and, following a confirmation hearing before the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, is confirmed by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10672281", "chunk_text": "\"Secretary of state\"\nhim on a vote of 94–3. On February 1, 2013, Hillary Clinton resigned as Secretary of State and John Kerry was sworn in as the 68th Secretary of State. On February 1, 2017, Rex Wayne Tillerson was sworn in as the 69th United States Secretary of State. His term ended on March 13, 2018, when being fired by President Trump. In most of the individual states of the United States, the Secretary of State is an administrative officer responsible for certain governmental functions. The specific powers and duties of this office depend on the constitution and laws of the particular", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10672278", "chunk_text": "\"Secretary of state\"\ncountry that has one or the other. The U.S. Secretary of State is head of the United States Department of State. He or she is responsible for the administration of United States Embassies and their subsidiary units throughout the world. The U.S. Secretary of State has the power to remove any foreign diplomat from U.S. soil for any reason. Six Secretaries of State became presidents (Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Quincy Adams, Martin Van Buren and James Buchanan) and five won Nobel Peace Prizes (Frank Kellogg, Cordell Hull, George Marshall, Elihu Root, and Henry Kissinger). The now long-established", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10034083", "chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of the Treasury\"\nfund. Most of the Department's law enforcement agencies such as the U.S. Customs Service, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), and the U.S. Secret Service were reassigned to other departments in 2003 in conjunction with the creation of the Department of Homeland Security. The salary of the Secretary of the Treasury is $205,700 annually. (1) (4) If both the Secretary and the Deputy Secretary of the Treasury are unable to carry out the duties of the office of Secretary of the Treasury, then whichever Treasury official of Under Secretary rank sworn in earliest assumes the role of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19717314", "chunk_text": "\"Rex Tillerson\"\nRex Tillerson Rex Wayne Tillerson (born March 23, 1952) is an American energy executive who served as the 69th United States Secretary of State from February 1, 2017 to March 31, 2018, under President Donald Trump. Prior to joining the Trump administration, Tillerson was chairman and chief executive officer of ExxonMobil, holding that position from 2006 until 2017. Tillerson began his career as a civil engineer with Exxon in 1975 after graduating with a bachelor's degree in civil engineering from the University of Texas at Austin. By 1989 he had become general manager of the Exxon USA central production division.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2741305", "chunk_text": "\"Awards of the United States Department of State\"\ninformation management field, serving domestically or abroad. The award consists of a certificate signed by the secretary of state and $10,000. This award specifically recognizes individual excellence in the development, negotiation and/or implementation of national policy and solutions to counter country-specific, regional and/or global nonproliferation, counter-proliferation, political-military, arms control, verification and/or noncompliance challenges facing the United States. A signed certificate and stipend of $5,000 will be awarded to the Foreign Service employee and the Civil Service employee respectively, whose contributions best meet the selection criteria. The runner-up Foreign Service employee and Civil Service employee would each receive an award of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2741301", "chunk_text": "\"Awards of the United States Department of State\"\nas participants in the political and economic processes or as policy shapers. An annual stipend of $10,000 will be given in two awards of $5,000 each: one to a Foreign Service or Civil Service employee and one to a Foreign Service National at a U.S. Embassy or Consulate. The FSN of the Year Award is given in recognition of the value to the U.S. Government through special contributions made by Department of State Foreign Service National (FSN) employees hired under direct hire appointments and personal service agreements at U.S. diplomatic posts abroad. Annually, each Regional Bureau nominates one candidate, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16025677", "chunk_text": "\"United States Department of State\"\nthe Secretary of State, is the President's principal foreign policy advisor. The Department advances U.S. objectives and interests in the world through its primary role in developing and implementing the President's foreign policy. It also provides an array of important services to U.S. citizens and to foreigners seeking to visit or immigrate to the United States. All foreign affairs activities—U.S. representation abroad, foreign assistance programs, countering international crime, foreign military training programs, the services the Department provides, and more—are paid for by the foreign affairs budget, which represents little more than 1% of the total federal budget. As stated by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2741300", "chunk_text": "\"Awards of the United States Department of State\"\nby the Secretary of State and $10,000. The award is given based on the quality of the nominee’s overall contribution in advancing U.S. international economic relations and objectives; documented economic leadership, advocacy, analytical, reporting or negotiating skills, or a combination thereof; and creative thinking influencing economic policy formulation. This award is given to a Department of State officer serving in a management position who has made notable contributions to the efficiency and quality of services at post. The award consists of a certificate signed by the Secretary and $10,000. These awards specifically recognize achievements in the area of promoting women", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9939691", "chunk_text": "\"United States federal civil service\"\nsalary, without earning over-time pay or receiving a merit-based bonus. Actual salary ranges differ adjusted for increased locality pay (for instance a GS-9, step 1 in rural Arkansas may start at $50,598 versus $61,084 in San Jose, California), but all base salaries lie within the parameters of the following ranges (effective January, 2018): Nineteen percent of federal employees earned salaries of $100,000 or more in 2009. The average federal worker's pay was $71,208 compared with $40,331 in the private sector, although under Office of Management and Budget Circular A-76, most menial or lower paying jobs have been outsourced to private", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7705217", "chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of State\"\nan instrument delivered to the office of the secretary of state. Accordingly, the resignations of President Nixon and of Vice-President Spiro Agnew, domestic issues, were formalized in instruments delivered to the secretary of state, Henry Kissinger. As the highest-ranking member of the cabinet, the secretary of state is the third-highest official of the executive branch of the Federal Government of the United States, after the president and vice president, and is fourth in line to succeed the presidency, coming after the vice president, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and the President pro tempore of the Senate. Six secretaries", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19101110", "chunk_text": "\"John J. Sullivan (diplomat)\"\nSeptember 1, 2007. He was soon thereafter nominated by George W. Bush to serve in a permanent capacity and was sworn in on March 14, 2008, after confirmation by the United States Senate. As the department's chief operating officer, he managed a $6.8 billion budget and 38,000 employees in 13 operating units. He was also a member of President Bush's Management Council and a member of the Board of Directors of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation. President Donald Trump nominated Sullivan to serve as the United States Deputy Secretary of State on April 11, 2017. He was confirmed as U.S.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "277718", "chunk_text": "\"Awards of the United States Department of State\"\nprecedence as a \"\"U.S. non-military personal decoration\"\". As delineated in numerous diplomatic cables describing each one, achievement awards recognize specific service over the previous year in a specific field or job category. The majority of the awards include a certificate, signed by the Secretary of State and a cash bonus. The cash bonuses range from zero to $10,000. Some awards are sponsored by private donors, who are often former members of the Foreign Service. There is a minimum requirement for several valid nominations in a category in order for some awards to be presented; if there are insufficient nominees or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16617829", "chunk_text": "\"Saxbe fix\"\nof living adjustment statutes, as noted by legal scholar Eugene Volokh on his blog, The Volokh Conspiracy. Before the January 2009 pay increases, secretaries made $191,300 compared to Members of Congress who earned $169,300. Without a Saxbe fix, Clinton would have been ineligible to serve in the Cabinet until the conclusion of the 112th United States Congress in January 2013, near the end of Obama's elected term. The Senate passed Saxbe-fix legislation on December 10, 2008, acting by unanimous consent to reduce the Secretary of State's salary back to its January 1, 2007 level of $186,000, taking effect at 12:00", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1374729", "chunk_text": "\"Secretary of state (U.S. state government)\"\nSecretary of state (U.S. state government) Secretary of state is an official in the state governments of 47 of the 50 states of the United States, as well as Puerto Rico and other U.S. possessions. In Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia, this official is called the secretary of the commonwealth. In states that have one, the secretary of state is the chief clerk of the state, and is often the primary custodian of important state records. In the states of Alaska, Hawaii, and Utah, there is no secretary of state; in those states many duties that a secretary of state might", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2741292", "chunk_text": "\"Awards of the United States Department of State\"\nState and $5,000. This award is made possible by C. Howard Wilkins, Jr., former U.S. Ambassador to the Netherlands, and is named to honor him and former Secretary of State James A. Baker, III. This award, initiated in 1997 and named in honor of former Secretary of State Warren Christopher, recognizes sustained excellence and initiative in the substantive policy areas of oceans, the environment, and science; democracy, human rights, and labor; population, migration, and refugees; and international narcotics and crime. The award consists of a certificate signed by the Secretary of State and $10,000. This annual award recognizes the high", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2741304", "chunk_text": "\"Awards of the United States Department of State\"\nof a certificate signed by the Secretary and $10,000. This award, established as a legacy to the Department and its employees by Frank E. Loy, former Under Secretary for Global Affairs, recognizes achievement in international environmental affairs, including advancement of U.S. interests, analysis and policy development, integration into overall U.S. diplomacy efforts, and interaction with the public and private sectors. The award consists of a certificate signed by the Secretary of State and $5,000. This award is presented to an exceptional employee of the Foreign Service or the civil service (except Senior Foreign Service and senior executive service) in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17839175", "chunk_text": "\"Salaries of elected offices in France\"\npromises of the candidate Francois Hollande. Fringe benefits are these : - Free access to SNCF (1st Class). - Quotas for air travel. - Car with driver. - Mail and telephone expenses. - State-owned official housing or supported by State with an area of 80m2 maximum with 20m2 additional area per dependent child. From 2007 to 2012, the salary of secretaries of State was established to 13 825.89 € per month. It consisted of a basic allowance of 9 966.72 €, a housing allowance of 402.70 €, and a duty allowance of 3 456.47 €. On May 17, 2012, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5736131", "chunk_text": "\"Secretary of State of South Carolina\"\napplications and certificates, annexations of land, and investigations of counterfeited finances. Composed of five organizations, The Business Filings Division, Trademarks Division, Charities Division, Notaries, and The Cable Franchise, are set to deliver regulation and composure of records to accommodate each division to taxpayers, businesses, charities, banks, and the government. The Secretary of State's salary is set at $92,007 annually. The Business Filing Division is accountable for filings for business corporations, nonprofit corporations, limited liability companies, limited partnerships, and limited liability partnerships. The Uniform Commercial Code is another responsibility of the Business Filings Division, this Code conducts the laws of commercial", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14332533", "chunk_text": "\"Cabinet of the United States\"\nOffice of the President. The heads of the executive departments and most other senior federal officers at cabinet or sub-cabinet level receive their salary under a fixed five level pay plan known as the Executive Schedule, which is codified in Title 5 of the United States Code. 21 positions, including the heads of the executive departments and others, receiving Level I pay are listed in , and those 46 positions on Level II pay (including the number two positions of the executive departments) are listed in . , the Level I annual pay was set at $205,700. The annual salary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7705218", "chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of State\"\nof state have gone on to be elected president. Others, including Henry Clay, William Seward, James Blaine, William Jennings Bryan, John Kerry, and Hillary Clinton have been unsuccessful presidential candidates, either before or after their term of office as Secretary of State. The nature of the position means that Secretaries of State engage in travel around the world. The record for most countries visited in a secretary's tenure is 112 by Hillary Clinton. Second is Madeleine Albright with 96. The record for most air miles traveled in a secretary's tenure is 1,417,576 miles by John Kerry. Second is Condoleezza Rice's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4958669", "chunk_text": "\"Awards of the United States Department of State\"\nof his distinguished service as a public servant and U.S. diplomat, recognizes the achievements of individuals in a variety of areas of importance to the Department. It consists of a framed certificate, typically signed by the Chief of Mission or Office Director. It may also include a cash award from $200 to $750. Receipt of a Franklin Award is no longer included in a Foreign Service employee’s official personnel file, since it does not qualify as an honor award. The intention of the Extra Mile Award is to provide supervisors a mechanism to immediately recognize employees whose work performance merits", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2741303", "chunk_text": "\"Awards of the United States Department of State\"\nof the Year. Outstanding achievement in any one of the areas listed below, or combination thereof, may justify selection. This award is presented to an exceptional employee in the Foreign Service or the Civil Service serving domestically or abroad except those with specific job responsibilities for the management, development, implementation, or support of computer technology. The award consists of a certificate signed by the Secretary of State and $10,000. This award is presented to a member of the Foreign Service who demonstrates unusual mastery of a world or difficult language while studying at the Foreign Service Institute. The award consists", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "58485", "chunk_text": "\"Cabinet of Singapore\"\nthe political leader with the second-highest salary in the world (around US$550,000), by about three times; and that of the President of the United States Barack Obama (US$400,000) by over four times. The Committee's report was discussed in Parliament from 16 to 18 January 2012. Setting out the position of the Workers' Party, Chen Show Mao said that the basic monthly salary of an MP should be $11,000, the pay of an MX9-grade director in the Management Executive Scheme of the Civil Service. A minister should be paid five times this sum ($55,000), and the Prime Minister nine times ($99,000).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14332557", "chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of State\"\nState are as follows: The original duties of the Secretary of State include some domestic duties such as: Most of the domestic functions of the Department of State have been transferred to other agencies. Those that remain include storage and use of the Great Seal of the United States, performance of protocol functions for the White House, and the drafting of certain proclamations. The Secretary also negotiates with the individual States over the extradition of fugitives to foreign countries. Under Federal Law, the resignation of a president or of a vice president is only valid if declared in writing, in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2798141", "chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of Defense\"\n(when the United States Coast Guard is under the United States Department of Homeland Security and has not been transferred to the Department of the Navy under the Department of Defense)—authorized to act as convening authority in the military justice system for General Courts-Martial (: article 22, UCMJ), Special Courts-Martial (: article 23, UCMJ), and Summary Courts-Martial (: article 24 UCMJ). Secretary of Defense is a Level I position of the Executive Schedule, and thus earns a salary of $203,700 per year as of January 2015. The longest-serving Secretary of Defense is Robert McNamara, who served for a total of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16025678", "chunk_text": "\"United States Department of State\"\nthe Department of State, its purpose includes: The Department of State conducts these activities with a civilian workforce, and normally uses the Foreign Service personnel system for positions that require service abroad. Employees may be assigned to diplomatic missions abroad to represent The United States, analyze and report on political, economic, and social trends; adjudicate visas; and respond to the needs of U.S. citizens abroad. The U.S. maintains diplomatic relations with about 180 countries and maintains relations with many international organizations, adding up to a total of more than 250 posts around the world. In the United States, about 5,000", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2696345", "chunk_text": "\"United States Department of State\"\nand agreements with foreign entities, and representing the United States at the United Nations. It is led by the Secretary of State, a member of the Cabinet who is nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate. In addition to administering the Department, the Secretary of State serves as the nation's chief diplomat and representative abroad. The Secretary of State is the first Cabinet official in the order of precedence and in the presidential line of succession, after the Vice President of the United States, Speaker of the House of Representatives, and President pro tempore of the Senate. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16498367", "chunk_text": "\"Bureau of Political-Military Affairs\"\nSecretary of State for Regional Security and Security Assistance; and the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State and Senior Advisor for Security Negotiations and Agreements, as well as the Senior Military Advisor to the Assistant Secretary of State for Political-Military Affairs, in the Bureau's Front Office. In fiscal year 2015, PM's operating budget, including salaries, was approximately $161 million. PM's total FY 2015 foreign assistance funding was approximately $7 billion. Bureau of Political-Military Affairs The Bureau of Political-Military Affairs (PM) is an agency within the United States Department of State that bridges the Department of State with the Department of Defense.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10519449", "chunk_text": "\"Public relations\"\nsuch as New York and Los Angeles, and lower for those employed in tertiary markets. The c-level position of chief communications officer (CCO), used in some private companies, usually earned more than $220,000 annually as of 2013. CCOs at Fortune 200 companies, meanwhile, had an average compensation package of just over $1 million annually, according to a 2009 survey by \"\"Fortune\"\"; this amount included base salary, bonus, and stock options. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported public relations specialists had a median annual salary of $59,020 in 2016. Within the U.S. federal government, public affairs workers had a 2016", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5335977", "chunk_text": "\"Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs\"\nUnder Secretary of State for Political Affairs The Under Secretary for Political Affairs is currently the third ranking position in the United States Department of State, after the Secretary and the Deputy Secretary. While the positions of Secretary and Deputy Secretary are occupied by political appointees, the position of Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs is usually (but not always) occupied by a career Foreign Service Officer, making the occupant the highest-ranking member of the Foreign Service. The current Under Secretary is David Hale, who assumed office on August 30, 2018. The Under Secretary serves as the day-to-day manager", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19940816", "chunk_text": "\"John J. Sullivan (diplomat)\"\nJohn J. Sullivan (diplomat) John Joseph Sullivan (born November 20, 1959) is an American lawyer and government official serving as the 19th and current United States Deputy Secretary of State since 2017. A member of the Republican Party, Sullivan served as Acting United States Secretary of State from April 1, 2018 to April 26, 2018, following President Donald Trump's dismissal of Secretary of State Rex Tillerson on March 13, 2018, until Tillerson's official successor, Mike Pompeo, was sworn in. Tillerson did not officially leave office until March 31, 2018. Sullivan, however, was delegated all responsibilities of the Secretary of State", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13234671", "chunk_text": "\"Political Appointments System in Hong Kong\"\nof HK$220,000 per month (US$28,000) is more than the salary of US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, and also more than Alan Greenspan earned as the chairman of the US Federal Reserve. A political assistant would earn more than what Tony Snow earned (US$ 14,000 per month) as the former White House Press Secretary. Political observer Michael Chugani said there was no \"\"single credible reason why these novice politicians are being paid more than heads of state of some countries.\"\" Lau Ngai-keung was sceptical that political appointments would help to foster local political talent, noting that such appointees may earn", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17839176", "chunk_text": "\"Salaries of elected offices in France\"\nnew Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault presented a decree reducing by 30% the salary of secretaries of State, which now stands at 9 678.48 €. During his presidential campaign, this measure was one of the 60 promises of the candidate Francois Hollande. Fringe benefits are these : - Free access to SNCF (1st Class). - Quotas for air travel. - Car with driver. - Mail and telephone expenses. - State-owned official housing or supported by State with an area of 80m2 maximum with 20m2 additional area per dependent child. The Président of the Constitutional Council perceive an allowance of 6 950.08", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7980889", "chunk_text": "\"Oklahoma Secretary of State\"\nfiscal year 2011, each of the operating units of the Bureau operate with the following budgets: The annual salary of the Secretary of State is set by law at $90,000. The Secretary of State oversees the following state entities: \"\"I, . . . . . . . , do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support, obey, and defend the Constitution of the United States, and the Constitution of the State of Oklahoma, and that I will not, knowingly, receive, directly or indirectly, any money or other valuable thing, for the performance or nonperformance of any act or duty", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9926908", "chunk_text": "\"Awards of the United States Department of State\"\nact or service or sustained outstanding performance. The following criteria are applicable to granting a Meritorious Honor Award: The award consists of a certificate signed by an assistant secretary or an official of equivalent rank. The bronze medal set is no longer awarded. As delineated in numerous diplomatic cables describing each one, achievement awards recognize specific service over the previous year in a specific field or job category. The majority of the awards include a certificate, signed by the Secretary of State and a cash bonus. The cash bonuses range from zero to $10,000. Many of the awards were sponsored", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11796731", "chunk_text": "\"Under Secretary of State for Management\"\nUnder Secretary of State for Management The Under Secretary of State for Management is a position within the United States Department of State that serves as principal adviser to the Secretary of State and Deputy Secretary of State on matters relating to the allocation and use of Department of State budget, physical property, and personnel, including planning, the day-to-day administration of the Department, and proposals for institutional reform and modernization. The Under Secretary is appointed by the President of the United States with the consent of the United States Senate to serve at the request of the President. The most", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "499428", "chunk_text": "\"General Schedule (US civil service pay scale)\"\nemployees based in Silicon Valley. The high end of the examiner scale is also elevated with respect to the normal GS scale; a GS-15 examiner at Step 7 or higher earns a salary of $161,900. Another notable exception is the United States Secret Service Uniformed Division. The pay scales for Uniformed Division employees replace grade numbers with ranks, and the lowest starting salary a new officer can receive, with the locality adjustment for basic training, is $56,681 as of January 2017. The second component of the GS salary, the locality pay adjustment, was introduced in 1994 as part of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16143078", "chunk_text": "\"Secretary of state\"\nof State coordinates all the departments of the Roman Curia (and is thus equivalent to a prime minister). In the United Kingdom, a secretary of state is a member of the cabinet appointed by the Queen on the advice of the prime minister (and thus equivalent to a cabinet minister). The United States Secretary of State is the foreign minister of the federal government of the United States while in most of the individual U.S. states the secretary of state is an administrative officer responsible for certain governmental functions, often including overseeing elections. In the Orange Free State (1854–1902) the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19594075", "chunk_text": "\"United States Assistant Secretary of State\"\nUnited States Assistant Secretary of State Assistant Secretary of State (A/S) is a title used for many executive positions in the United States Department of State, ranking below the Under Secretaries. A set of six Assistant Secretaries reporting to the Under Secretary for Political Affairs manage diplomatic missions within their designated geographic regions, plus one Assistant Secretary dealing with international organizations. Assistant Secretaries usually manage individual bureaus of the Department of State. When the manager of a bureau or another agency holds a title other than Assistant Secretary, such as \"\"Director,\"\" it can be said to be of \"\"Assistant Secretary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2741293", "chunk_text": "\"Awards of the United States Department of State\"\nstandards of performance which characterize the work of Civil Service Secretaries in the Department and abroad. It is granted annually to one Civil Service Secretary whose performance is judged by a selection committee to exemplify most clearly these high standards. The recipient receives a certificate signed by the Secretary of State and $10,000. In addition, the recipients’ names are placed on a plaque in the Department. This award, made possible by the support of former Ambassador to Iceland, Charles E. Cobb, is presented to career members of the Foreign Service serving in an ambassadorial appointment for noteworthy success in developing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20072605", "chunk_text": "\"Mark Lowcock\"\nof 2015, Lowcock was paid a salary of between £160,000 and £164,999 by the department, making him one of the 328 most highly paid people in the British public sector at that time. Lowcock oversaw the Department during the period in which the UK increased its aid budget to 0.7% of Gross Domestic Product. World leaders first pledged to meet the 0.7% target 35 years ago in a 1970 General Assembly Resolution. As the Under-Secretary-General and Emergency Relief Coordinator (USG/ERC) he is responsible for the oversight of all emergencies requiring United Nations humanitarian assistance. He also acts as the central", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11311975", "chunk_text": "\"Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm and Foreign Agricultural Services\"\nIII position within the Executive Schedule. Since January 2010, the annual rate of pay for Level III is $165,300. The Department of Agriculture was made a Cabinet-level department in 1889. For many years, the Secretary of Agriculture supervised chiefs of bureaus of the Department, as was the norm throughout the U.S. government. Subsequently, a single subcabinet position of Assistant Secretary was created. Over time, this position was upgraded to Under Secretary, under which in turn was a single Assistant Secretary. In 1953, Secretary Ezra Taft Benson lobbied for the creation of additional Assistant Secretary positions, which Congress approved that summer.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7573778", "chunk_text": "\"One-dollar salary\"\nof Licences for the Wartime Trade Board, a position for which he served for free. Others include E. P. Taylor and Austin Cotterell Taylor. Some recent one-dollar salary earners worked in government as well, such as former California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, former New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg, and Bloomberg's older daughter Emma, who has also worked for the city. After promising to take only a dollar a year in November 2016, US President Donald Trump donated the first three months of his salary to the National Park Service and stated plans to donate all", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6376023", "chunk_text": "\"United States Secretary of Transportation\"\nof the Secretary of Transportation is $199,700. Anthony Foxx was the 17th US Secretary of Transportation from 2013-2017, when Donald Trump was elected President. Elaine Chao, who served as Secretary of Labor under President George W. Bush, was nominated by President-elect Donald Trump on November 29, 2016. On January 31, 2017, the Senate confirmed her appointment by a vote of 93-6. (7) (11) The line of succession regarding who would act as Secretary of Transportation in the event of a vacancy or incapacitation is as follows: As of , there are twelve living, former Secretaries of Transportation (with all Secretaries", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2307818", "chunk_text": "\"Bureau of Diplomatic Security\"\nadministered the Rewards for Justice Program, which pays monetary rewards of up to $5 million, or in recent years even more, upon special authorization by the Secretary of State, to individuals who provide information which substantially leads to the countering of terrorist attacks against United States persons. Through 2001, $62 million had been paid to over forty people in this effort. The Department of State U.S. Diplomatic Security Service was formally established in 1916 under Secretary of State Robert Lansing. The office was headed by a chief special agent, who also carried the title of special assistant to the secretary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3394	how many episodes in game if thrones season 7?	n/a	[ "7", "seven" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "21004586", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nGame of Thrones (season 7) The seventh and penultimate season of the fantasy drama television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" premiered on HBO on July 16, 2017, and concluded on August 27, 2017. Unlike previous seasons that consisted of ten episodes each, the seventh season consisted of only seven. Like the previous season, it largely consisted of original content not found in George R. R. Martin's \"\"A Song of Ice and Fire\"\" series, while also incorporating material Martin revealed to showrunners about the upcoming novels in the series. The series was adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20663518", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nBender, who worked on the show's sixth season, said that the seventh season would consist of seven episodes. Benioff and Weiss stated that they were unable to produce 10 episodes in the show's usual 12 to 14 month time frame, as Weiss said \"\"It's crossing out of a television schedule into more of a mid-range movie schedule.\"\" HBO confirmed on July 18, 2016, that the seventh season would consist of seven episodes, and would premiere later than usual in mid-2017 because of the later filming schedule. Later it was confirmed that the season would debut on July 16. The seventh", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20663519", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nseason of the series includes its longest episode, with the finale running for 81 minutes. The penultimate episode also runs for 71 minutes – around 16 minutes longer than an average \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" episode. The first five episodes mostly run longer than average (55 minutes), at 59, 59, 63, 50, and 59 minutes respectively. The previous longest episode in the series was the sixth-season finale, \"\"The Winds of Winter\"\", which ran for 69 minutes. Ramin Djawadi returned as the composer of the show for the seventh season. On Metacritic, the season (based on the first episode) has a score", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20663527", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\non-demand viewing for one hour before being removed. Data from piracy monitoring firm MUSO indicates that season seven was pirated more than one billion times mostly by unauthorized streaming, with torrent and direct downloads accounting for about 15 percent of this piracy. On average, each episode is estimated to have been pirated 140 million times, making \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" the most-pirated television series in 2017. Game of Thrones (season 7) The seventh and penultimate season of the fantasy drama television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" premiered on HBO on July 16, 2017, and concluded on August 27, 2017. Unlike previous seasons", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20663520", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nof 77 out of 100 based on 12 reviews, indicating \"\"generally favorable reviews\"\". On Rotten Tomatoes, the seventh season has a 94% approval rating from 46 critics with an average rating of 8.31 out of 10, and a 92% average episode score, with the site's consensus reading, \"\"After a year-long wait, \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" roars back with powerful storytelling and a focused interest in its central characters—particularly the female ones.\"\" The series premiere surpassed 30 million viewers across all of the network's domestic platforms weeks after its release. The show's numbers continued to climb in other countries as well. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20663522", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nNow and HBO Go apps are included. Over the season, the viewer numbers averaged at over 30 million per episode across all platforms. The season was simulcast around the world by HBO and its broadcast partners in 186 countries. In some countries, it aired the day after its first release. On July 23, 2016, a teaser production trailer was released by HBO at the 2016 San Diego Comic-Con. The trailer mostly consisted of voice overs, and shots of crew members creating sets and props. The first footage from the season was revealed in a new promotional video released by HBO", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "21004588", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nthe Seven Kingdoms. HBO ordered the seventh season on April 21, 2016, three days before the premiere of the show's sixth season, and began filming on August 31, 2016. The season was filmed primarily in Northern Ireland, Spain, Croatia and Iceland. \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" features a large ensemble cast, including Peter Dinklage, Nikolaj Coster-Waldau, Lena Headey, Emilia Clarke, and Kit Harington. The season introduces several new cast members, including Jim Broadbent and Tom Hopper. The series received 22 nominations for the 70th Primetime Emmy Awards, and won for Outstanding Drama Series and Dinklage won for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20663517", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nfifth season. New York Mets baseball pitcher Noah Syndergaard made a background cameo as a javelin-throwing Lannister soldier in \"\"The Spoils of War.\"\" On April 21, 2016, HBO officially ordered the seventh season of \"\"Game of Thrones\"\", just three days prior to the premiere of the show's sixth season. In a June 2016 interview with \"\"Variety\"\", co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss revealed the seventh season would likely consist of fewer episodes, stating at the time of the interview that they were \"\"down to our final 13 episodes after this season. We're heading into the final lap.\"\" Director Jack", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19555705", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones\"\ncontent. In April 2016, the showrunners' plan was to shoot 13 more episodes after the sixth season: seven episodes in the seventh season and six episodes in the eighth. Later that month, the series was renewed for a seventh season with a seven-episode order. Eight seasons were ordered and filmed, adapting the novels at a rate of about 48 seconds per page for the first three seasons. The first two seasons adapted one novel each. For the later seasons, its creators see \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" as an adaptation of \"\"A Song of Ice and Fire\"\" as a whole rather than", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11110057", "chunk_text": "\"George R. R. Martin\"\na dozen Emmy Awards, including Outstanding Drama Series. By the end of 2016, all seasons up to season 6 (which premiered on April 24, 2016) had been aired on HBO and all seasons had been released on DVD and/or Blu-ray for home viewing (see List of Game of Thrones episodes). The company confirmed on July 18, 2016 that season 7 would consist of seven episodes instead of the usual ten, and would premiere later than usual, in mid-2017, because of the later filming schedule. This was necessary in order to be shooting during the winter season in Europe. Season 7", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18656792", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones\"\nout of 100 (based on 29 reviews) on Metacritic. The sixth season has been praised by critics, though not as highly as its predecessors. It has a score of 73 on Metacritic (based on nine reviews), indicating \"\"generally favorable reviews\"\". The seventh season scored 77 out of 100 (based on twelve reviews) and was praised for its action sequences and focused central characters, but received criticism for its breakneck pace and plot developments that \"\"defied logic.\"\" Despite its otherwise enthusiastic reception by critics, \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" has been criticized for the amount of female nudity, violence, and sexual violence (especially", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20663526", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nAugust 4, 2017, it was reported that, two days before its original broadcast, the fourth episode of the season was leaked online from Star India, one of HBO's international network partners. The leaked copy has the \"\"for internal viewing only\"\" watermark. On July 31, 2017, due to a security breach, HBO was the victim of 1.5 terabytes of stolen data. However, \"\"this was not related to this episode leak\"\", according to \"\"The Verge\"\". On August 16, 2017, four days before its intended release, it was reported that HBO Spain and HBO Nordic accidentally allowed the sixth episode of the series", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "21004589", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nDrama Series. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The recurring actors listed here are those who appeared in season 7. They are listed by the region in which they first appear. Series creators and executive producers David Benioff and D. B. Weiss serve as showrunners for the seventh season. The directors for the seventh season are Jeremy Podeswa (episodes 1 and 7), Mark Mylod (episodes 2 and 3), Matt Shakman (episodes 4 and 5) and Alan Taylor (episode 6). This marks Taylor's return to the series after an absence since the second season. Shakman is a first-time \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" director, with the rest each", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "21004590", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nhaving directed multiple episodes in previous seasons. Michele Clapton returned to the show as costume designer, after spending some time away from the show in the sixth season. She previously worked on the show for the first five seasons, as well as the end of the sixth season. The seventh season contains original material not found in the \"\"A Song of Ice and Fire\"\" series. Some of the show's sixth season also consists of material revealed to the writers of the television series during discussions with Martin. Filming began on August 31, 2016, at Titanic Studios in Belfast, and ended", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2381709", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 8)\"\nGame of Thrones (season 8) The eighth and final season of the fantasy drama television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" was announced by HBO in July 2016. Unlike the first six seasons that each had ten episodes and the seventh that had seven episodes, the eighth season will have only six episodes. Like the previous season, it will largely consist of original content not found currently in George R. R. Martin's \"\"A Song of Ice and Fire\"\" series and will also adapt material Martin has revealed to showrunners about the upcoming novels in the series, \"\"The Winds of Winter\"\" and \"\"A", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20663525", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nThe first official trailer for season 7 was released on May 24, 2017. The trailer set a world record for being the most viewed show trailer ever, being viewed 61 million times across digital platforms, in the first 24 hours. The second official trailer was released on June 21, 2017. The season premiere was screened at the Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles on July 12, 2017. The season was released on Blu-ray and DVD in region 1 on December 12, 2017. The season premiere was pirated 90 million times in the first three days after it aired. On", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18656727", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones\"\nGame of Thrones Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss. It is an adaptation of \"\"A Song of Ice and Fire\"\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"\"A Game of Thrones\"\". It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in Northern Ireland, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Scotland, Spain, and the United States. The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017. The series will conclude with its eighth season", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2381714", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 8)\"\nepisodes, stating that after season six, they were \"\"down to our final 13 episodes after this season. We're heading into the final lap.\"\" Benioff and Weiss stated that they were unable to produce 10 episodes in the show's usual 12 to 14-month time frame, as Weiss said, \"\"It's crossing out of a television schedule into more of a mid-range movie schedule.\"\" HBO confirmed in July 2016, that the seventh season would consist of seven episodes, and would premiere later than usual in mid-2017 because of the later filming schedule. Benioff and Weiss later confirmed that the eighth season will consist", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20663524", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nOn March 9, 2017, HBO hosted a live stream on the \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" Facebook page that revealed the premiere date for the seventh season as being July 16, 2017. It was accompanied by a teaser trailer. On March 30, 2017, the first official promo for the show was released, highlighting the thrones of Daenerys Targaryen, Jon Snow, and Cersei Lannister. On April 20, 2017, HBO released 15 official photos shot during the season. On May 22, 2017, HBO released several new photos from the new season. On May 23, 2017, HBO released the official posters featuring the Night King.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20663514", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nThe Dark Hedges in Stranocum, which was previously used as the Kingsroad in the second season. Some scenes were filmed in Iceland. Filming also occurred in Dubrovnik, Croatia, which is used for location of King's Landing. The scene where Arya was reunited with Nymeria was filmed in Alberta, Canada. \"\"Deadline\"\" reported on June 21, 2016, that the five main cast members, Peter Dinklage, Nikolaj Coster-Waldau, Lena Headey, Emilia Clarke, and Kit Harington had been in contract negotiations for the final two seasons. It was reported that the cast members have increased their salary to $500,000 per episode for the seventh", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12588199", "chunk_text": "\"Beyond the Wall (Game of Thrones)\"\nbefore it was set to air, on August 20, 2017. Four days before its official broadcast, HBO Spain and HBO Nordic accidentally allowed \"\"Beyond the Wall\"\" to be available for on-demand viewing for one hour before being removed. Beyond the Wall (Game of Thrones) \"\"Beyond the Wall\"\" is the sixth and penultimate episode of the seventh season of HBO's fantasy television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\", and the 66th overall. It was written by series co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, and directed by Alan Taylor. At 70 minutes, it was the series' longest episode until the airing of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18656811", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones\"\nAwards (23). It won for Outstanding Drama Series, Outstanding Directing (\"\"Battle of the Bastards\"\"), Outstanding Writing (\"\"Battle of the Bastards\"\"), and nine Creative Arts Emmys. Nominations included Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series (Dinklage and Kit Harington), Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series (Clarke, Headey and Maisie Williams), Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series (Max von Sydow) and Outstanding Directing (\"\"The Door\"\"). In 2018, the seventh season received the most nominations at the 70th Primetime Emmy Awards (22). It won for Outstanding Drama Series, Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series (Peter Dinklage), and seven Creative Arts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19907879", "chunk_text": "\"Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire\"\nDavid Benioff and D. B. Weiss. Called \"\"Game of Thrones\"\", it stars an ensemble cast including Sean Bean and Peter Dinklage. The series premiered on 17 April 2011. A critical and commercial success, it was most recently renewed for a seventh and eighth season to be aired in 2017–19. The series has itself given rise to several derived works, including soundtrack albums and a wide range of merchandise. After years of speculation about possible spin-off series, HBO in May 2017 commissioned five screenwriters – Max Borenstein, Jane Goldman, Brian Helgeland, Carly Wray and a fifth yet to be announced writer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18656789", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones\"\nhad positive reviews of 91 percent or higher on Rotten Tomatoes, and a 97-percent rating (based on 50 reviews) for the season as a whole. On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a rating of 95 percent and an average score of 8.6 out of 10 (based on 52 reviews). The season has a rating of 96 percent on Rotten Tomatoes, with an average score of 8.4 out of 10 based on 29 reviews. After the first episode aired, the seventh season held a rating of 97 percent on Rotten Tomatoes, with an average score of 8.2 out of 10 based on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19555711", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones\"\nas Córdoba. The sixth season, which began filming in July 2015, returned to Spain and filmed in Navarra, Guadalajara, Seville, Almeria, Girona and Peniscola. Filming also returned to Dubrovnik, Croatia. Filming of the seven episodes of season 7 began on August 31, 2016, at Titanic Studios in Belfast, with other filming in Iceland, Northern Ireland and many locations in Spain, including Seville, Cáceres, Almodovar del Rio, Santiponce, Zumaia and Bermeo. The series also filmed in Dubrovnik, which is used for location of King's Landing. Filming continued until the end of February 2017 as necessary to ensure winter weather in some", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7550560", "chunk_text": "\"A Song of Ice and Fire\"\nDrama Series. The seventh season premiered on July 16, 2017. The eighth and final season is set to premiere in April 2019. \"\"A Song of Ice and Fire\"\" has spawned an industry of spin-off products. Fantasy Flight Games released a collectible card game, a board game, and two collections of artwork inspired by \"\"A Song of Ice and Fire\"\" series. Various roleplaying game products were released by Guardians of Order and Green Ronin. Dynamite Entertainment adapted \"\"A Game of Thrones\"\" into a same-titled monthly comic in 2011. Several video games are available or in production, including \"\"\"\" (2011) and \"\"Game", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "968503", "chunk_text": "\"Beyond the Wall (Game of Thrones)\"\nBeyond the Wall (Game of Thrones) \"\"Beyond the Wall\"\" is the sixth and penultimate episode of the seventh season of HBO's fantasy television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\", and the 66th overall. It was written by series co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, and directed by Alan Taylor. At 70 minutes, it was the series' longest episode until the airing of the season's finale. The episode's main plot focuses on Jon Snow's raiding party as they journey north of the Wall; they successfully capture a wight to prove the threat, though Thoros is killed. Daenerys rescues the group from the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18656818", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones\"\nKansas City, Missouri. Each season's Blu-ray and DVD set contains several short animated sequences narrated by the cast as their characters as they detail events in the history of Westeros. For the seventh season, this is to include the animated prequel series \"\"Game of Thrones: Conquest & Rebellion\"\", illustrated in a different animation style than previous videos. The series focuses on Aegon Targaryen's conquest of the Seven Kingdoms of Westeros. In May 2017, after years of speculation about possible successor shows, HBO commissioned Max Borenstein, Jane Goldman, Brian Helgeland, Carly Wray and a fifth unnamed writer to develop individual \"\"Game", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20663521", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nthe UK, the premiere got up to 4.7 million viewers after seven days, setting a new record for Sky Atlantic. Compared to the previous season, HBO Asia saw an increases of between 24 percent to 50 percent. HBO Latin America saw a record viewership in the region, with a 29 percent climb. In Germany, the show went up 210 percent, in Russia it climbed 40 percent and in Italy it saw a 61 percent increase. In the United States, the finale was watched by 12.1 million viewers on its first airing on television, and 16.5 million when viewings on HBO", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13857986", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 6)\"\n\"\"Game of Thrones\"\" was the most-pirated TV series in 2016. Game of Thrones (season 6) The sixth season of the fantasy drama television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" premiered on HBO on April 24, 2016, and concluded on June 26, 2016. It consists of ten episodes, each of approximately 50–60 minutes long, largely of original content not found in George R. R. Martin's \"\"A Song of Ice and Fire\"\" series. Some story elements were derived from the novels and from information Martin revealed to the show-runners. The series was adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss. HBO ordered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "21004594", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nand eighth season. It was later reported that the actors had gone through a renegotiation, for which they had increased their salary to $1.1 million per episode for the last two seasons. On August 31, 2016, \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" reported that Jim Broadbent had been cast for the seventh season in a \"\"significant\"\" role. It was announced that the role of Dickon Tarly has been recast, with Tom Hopper replacing Freddie Stroma, who had previously played the role in \"\"Blood of My Blood\"\". The seventh season sees the return of Mark Gatiss as Tycho Nestoris, who did not appear in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2381716", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 8)\"\nto premiere in April 2019. Ramin Djawadi is set to return as the composer of the show for the eighth season. On December 6, 2018, HBO released the first official teaser trailer for the eighth season. Game of Thrones (season 8) The eighth and final season of the fantasy drama television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" was announced by HBO in July 2016. Unlike the first six seasons that each had ten episodes and the seventh that had seven episodes, the eighth season will have only six episodes. Like the previous season, it will largely consist of original content not found", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18541166", "chunk_text": "\"You Win or You Die\"\nYou Win or You Die \"\"You Win or You Die\"\" is the seventh episode of the HBO medieval fantasy television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\". It was written by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, and directed by Daniel Minahan. Set to air May 29, 2011, the episode was released in advance immediately following the conclusion of \"\"A Golden Crown\"\" to HBO customers with access to HBO Go. The episode furthers the story line of deterioration of the political balance of the Seven Kingdoms, with Eddard Stark revealing what he has discovered to Cersei Lannister while King Robert is still away", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20663523", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nhighlighting its new and returning original shows for the coming year on November 28, 2016, showcasing Jon Snow, Sansa Stark and Arya Stark. On March 1, 2017, HBO and \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" teamed up with Major League Baseball (MLB) for a cross-promotional partnership. At least 19 individual teams participated in this promotion. On March 8, 2017, HBO released the first promotional poster for the season ahead of the SXSW Festival in Austin, Texas, which teases the battle of \"\"ice vs. fire\"\". Showrunners Benioff and Weiss also spoke at the event, along with fellow cast members Sophie Turner and Maisie Williams.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9647646", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 6)\"\nGame of Thrones (season 6) The sixth season of the fantasy drama television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" premiered on HBO on April 24, 2016, and concluded on June 26, 2016. It consists of ten episodes, each of approximately 50–60 minutes long, largely of original content not found in George R. R. Martin's \"\"A Song of Ice and Fire\"\" series. Some story elements were derived from the novels and from information Martin revealed to the show-runners. The series was adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss. HBO ordered the season on April 8, 2014, together with the fifth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15184767", "chunk_text": "\"The Dragon and the Wolf\"\nThe Dragon and the Wolf \"\"The Dragon and the Wolf\"\" is the seventh and final episode of the seventh season of HBO's fantasy television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\", and the 67th episode overall. It was written by series co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, and directed by Jeremy Podeswa. The episode's plot includes a negotiation between Cersei and Daenerys, and a rift between Cersei and Jaime; Theon rededicates himself to Yara; Sansa and Arya unite against Littlefinger; Jon Snow is revealed to be the child of Lyanna Stark and Rhaegar Targaryen; Jon and Daenerys's romantic relationship comes to fruition;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "21004587", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nThe penultimate season focuses primarily on the convergence of the show's main plotlines in preparation for the final season. Daenerys Targaryen arrives in Westeros with her army and three dragons and wages war against the Lannisters. Jon Snow forges an alliance with Daenerys in an attempt to unite their forces against the White Walker army, the two falling in love in the process. Arya and Bran return to Winterfell and reunite with their sister Sansa. At the end of the season, the Army of the Dead breaches the Wall (with the help of a reanimated wight dragon) and finally enters", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2381713", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 8)\"\nbe the last time that we would be doing this\"\". In an interview with \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\", HBO programming president Casey Bloys stated that instead of the series finale being a feature film, the final season would be \"\"six one-hour movies\"\" on television. He continued, \"\"The show has proven that TV is every bit as impressive and in many cases more so, than film. What they're doing is monumental.\"\" Filming officially began on October 23, 2017, and concluded in July 2018. Co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss have said that the seventh and eighth season would likely consist of fewer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7650145", "chunk_text": "\"The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)\"\nThe Spoils of War (Game of Thrones) \"\"The Spoils of War\"\" is the fourth episode of the seventh season of HBO's fantasy television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\", and the 64th overall. It was written by series co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, and directed by Matt Shakman. At Dragonstone, Daenerys Targaryen and Jon Snow observe cave drawings left by the Children of the Forest, indicating that the First Men and the Children fought together against the White Walkers. In King's Landing, Cersei Lannister seeks further investment from the Iron Bank, after reassuring them that their debt will soon be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18952494", "chunk_text": "\"Mockingbird (Game of Thrones)\"\nduring its premiere hour, setting a new series high. In the United Kingdom, the episode was viewed by 1.639 million viewers, making it the highest-rated broadcast that week. It also received 0.095 million timeshift viewers. \"\"Mockingbird\"\" received critical acclaim. Rotten Tomatoes reported a score of 100% based on reviews from 36 critics with an average score of 9 out of 10. The site's consensus is that \"\"Though [the episode] mostly sets the table for future events, it remains chock-full of action, suspense, surprise, and raw human emotion.\"\" Mockingbird (Game of Thrones) \"\"Mockingbird\"\" is the seventh episode of the fourth season", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12662894", "chunk_text": "\"Kit Harington\"\nfilmed in Iceland and Northern Ireland. The series was renewed for a seventh season, which premiered on 16 July 2017, and will conclude with its eighth season in April 2019. \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" takes place on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos and chronicles the power struggles among noble families as they fight for control of the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms. Jon Snow is introduced as the illegitimate son of Ned Stark, the honorable lord of Winterfell, an ancient fortress in the North of the fictional continent of Westeros. Harington has received praise for his performance. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15445096", "chunk_text": "\"Once Upon a Time (season 7)\"\nOnce Upon a Time (season 7) The seventh and final season of the American ABC fantasy-drama \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" was ordered on May 11, 2017. It consisted of 22 episodes, airing on Fridays, having premiered on October 6, 2017. This season marked a significant change for the series, as it was announced at the end of the sixth season that the majority of the main cast members would not be returning for season 7. Lana Parrilla, Colin O'Donoghue, and Robert Carlyle were the only ones remaining. Andrew J. West and Alison Fernandez were announced as new regulars in May", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2381715", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 8)\"\nof six episodes, and is expected to premiere later than usual for the same reason. Benioff and Weiss spoke about the end of the show, saying, \"\"From the beginning we've wanted to tell a 70-hour movie. It will turn out to be a 73-hour movie, but it's stayed relatively the same of having the beginning, middle and now we're coming to the end. It would have been really tough if we lost any core cast members along the way, I'm very happy we've kept everyone and we get to finish it the way we want to.\"\" The season is scheduled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "21004591", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nin February 2017. In an interview with the showrunners, it was announced that the filming of the seventh season would be delayed until later in the year due to necessary weather conditions for filming. The showrunners stated \"\"We're starting a bit later because, you know, at the end of this season, winter is here, and that means that sunny weather doesn't really serve our purposes any more. We kind of pushed everything down the line so we could get some grim, gray weather even in the sunnier places that we shoot.\"\" Girona, Spain did not return as one of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2897411", "chunk_text": "\"Tyrion Lannister\"\nand \"\"The Hollywood Reporter\"\" wrote in June 2016 that the performers would each be paid \"\"upward of $500,000 per episode\"\" for seasons seven and the potential eight. In 2017, Dinklage became one of the highest paid actors on television and will earn £2 million per episode for the show. Seasons 1 and 2 (2011–12) follow the events of \"\"A Game of Thrones\"\" and \"\"A Clash of Kings\"\", respectively. The plot of \"\"A Storm of Swords\"\" was split into seasons 3 and 4 (2013–14). Both season 5 and season 6 adapt material from \"\"A Feast for Crows\"\" and \"\"A Dance with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19462340", "chunk_text": "\"You Win or You Die\"\nseries' most gratuitous sex scene to date.\"\" Among other criticisms were the scene's excessive length, the repetition of the dramatic approach, and the assumption that viewers were not going to pay attention when presented with a long exposition that did not include sex. You Win or You Die \"\"You Win or You Die\"\" is the seventh episode of the HBO medieval fantasy television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\". It was written by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, and directed by Daniel Minahan. Set to air May 29, 2011, the episode was released in advance immediately following the conclusion of \"\"A", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9767887", "chunk_text": "\"The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones)\"\nwas leaked online from Star India, one of HBO's international network partners. Four suspects were arrested over the leak in Mumbai. Three of them were current employees of Prime Focus Technologies, an independent company that handles Star India's data, while one was a former employee. The Spoils of War (Game of Thrones) \"\"The Spoils of War\"\" is the fourth episode of the seventh season of HBO's fantasy television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\", and the 64th overall. It was written by series co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, and directed by Matt Shakman. At Dragonstone, Daenerys Targaryen and Jon Snow", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18656814", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones\"\nmost Facebook Likes found that \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" was \"\"much more popular in cities than in the countryside, probably the only show involving zombies that is\"\". By season seven, average viewer numbers had increased to over 30 million per episode across all platforms. The series set records on pay-television channels in the United Kingdom (with a 2016 average audience of more than five million on all platforms) and Australia (with a cumulative average audience of 1.2 million). <section begin=ratings /><section end=ratings /> The series has inspired several video games based on the TV series and novels. The strategy game \"\"Game", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20663513", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 7)\"\nfilming locations. Girona stood in for Braavos and parts of King's Landing. It was later announced that the seventh season would film in Northern Ireland, Spain and Iceland, with filming in Northern Ireland beginning in August 2016. The series filmed in the Spanish cities Seville, Cáceres, Almodóvar del Río, Santiponce, Zumaia and Bermeo. Spanish sources announced that the series would be filming the seventh season on Muriola Beach in Barrika, Las Atarazanas, the Royal Dockyards of Seville and at the shores of San Juan de Gaztelugatxe, an islet belonging to the city of Bermeo. The series returned to film at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9647661", "chunk_text": "\"Game of Thrones (season 6)\"\n50 chart. The season received highly positive reviews, with special praise directed at the episodes \"\"The Door\"\", \"\"Battle of the Bastards\"\" and \"\"The Winds of Winter\"\". On Metacritic, the season (based on the first episode) has a score of 73 out of 100 based on 9 reviews, indicating \"\"generally favorable reviews\"\". On Rotten Tomatoes, the sixth season has a 95% approval rating from 30 critics with an average rating of 8.33 out of 10. The season also received a 94% episode average score on Rotten Tomatoes. The site's critical consensus reads, \"\"Bloody and captivating as always, \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" plunges", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3395	who are the only 2 families that have had 3 generations of oscar winners?	n/a	[ "The Hustons", "the Coppolas", "Hustons", "Farrow/Previn/Allens", "Coppolas" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3413970", "chunk_text": "\"Sofia Coppola\"\nto be nominated in that category, and the third woman overall, after Lina Wertmüller and Jane Campion. In 2010, Kathryn Bigelow became the fourth woman to be nominated, and the first to win the award. Coppola, however, remains the youngest woman to be nominated in the Best Director category. Coppola's win for Best Original Screenplay (along with her cousin Nicolas Cage's 1996 win for Best Actor) resulted in her family's becoming the second three-generation Oscar-winning family, her grandfather Carmine Coppola and her father Francis Ford Coppola having previously won Oscars. The first family to achieve this feat was the Huston", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6686196", "chunk_text": "\"Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay\"\nhusband, Sydney Box, for the 1945 film \"\"The Seventh Veil\"\". The Boxes are also the first married couple to win in this category. Only three other married couples won an Oscar in another category—Earl W. Wallace and Pamela Wallace (for Original Screenplay), Peter Jackson and Fran Walsh (for Adapted Screenplay and Picture), and Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez (for Original Song). In 1996, Joel Coen and Ethan Coen became the only siblings to win in this category (for \"\"Fargo\"\"). Francis Ford Coppola (\"\"Patton\"\", 1970) and Sofia Coppola (\"\"Lost in Translation\"\", 2003) are the only father-daughter pair to win. Preston Sturges", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11585720", "chunk_text": "\"38th Academy Awards\"\nare in the top 10 inflation-adjusted commercially successful films ever made, and both would appear 33 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the twentieth century. \"\"The Sound of Music\"\" was the first Best Picture winner without a screenwriting nomination since \"\"Hamlet\"\"; it would be the last until \"\"Titanic\"\" at the 70th Academy Awards. \"\"Othello\"\" became the third film (of four to date) to receive four acting nominations without one for Best Picture. Lynda Bird Johnson, daughter of President Lyndon B. Johnson, attended the Academy Awards presentation and was escorted by actor George", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4038202", "chunk_text": "\"72nd Academy Awards\"\n26, 2000. Sam Mendes was the sixth person to win Best Director for his directorial debut. Best Actor winner Kevin Spacey became the tenth performer to win acting Oscars in both lead and supporting categories. By virtue of her father Jon Voight's Best Lead Actor win for 1978's \"\"Coming Home\"\", Best Supporting Actress winner Angelina Jolie and Voight became the second father-daughter Oscar acting winners. Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger (). The following 17 films received multiple nominations: The following four films received multiple awards: The following individuals presented awards or performed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20892519", "chunk_text": "\"70th Academy Awards\"\nbreak from hosting duties. However, pressure from the Academy, Cates, and several friends and family members made him reconsider his decision. His sixth stint would make him second only to Bob Hope in number of ceremonies hosted. To commemorate the seventieth anniversary of the Academy Awards, 70 actors who have received both competitive and honorary awards appeared seated onstage together during a segment called Oscar's Family Album. Each former winner was acknowledged by announcer Norman Rose with the films he or she won for. At the end of the segment newly minted winners Kim Bassinger, Helen Hunt, and Robin Williams", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1396348", "chunk_text": "\"William Wyler\"\nWilliam Wyler William Wyler (; born Willi Wyler (); July 1, 1902 – July 27, 1981) was an American film director, producer and screenwriter. Notable works include \"\"Ben-Hur\"\" (1959), \"\"The Best Years of Our Lives\"\" (1946), and \"\"Mrs. Miniver\"\" (1942), all of which won Academy Awards for Best Director, as well as Best Picture in their respective years, making him the only director of three Best Picture winners as of 2018. Wyler received his first Oscar nomination for directing \"\"Dodsworth\"\" in 1936, starring Walter Huston, Ruth Chatterton and Mary Astor, \"\"sparking a 20-year run of almost unbroken greatness.\"\" Film historian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5161671", "chunk_text": "\"Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay\"\nas the winner several years later. Frances Marion was the first woman to win in this category, in 1930. Pierre Collings and Sheridan Gibney were the first to win for adapting their own work, for \"\"The Story of Louis Pasteur\"\". Philip G. Epstein and Julius J. Epstein are the first siblings to win in this category, for \"\"Casablanca\"\". James Goldman and William Goldman are the first to win for separate films. Joel Coen and Ethan Coen are the third winning siblings, for \"\"No Country for Old Men\"\". Mario Puzo is the one of two writers whose work has been adapted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14383853", "chunk_text": "\"John Huston\"\nhas the unique distinction of directing both his father Walter and his daughter Anjelica in Oscar-winning performances (in \"\"The Treasure of the Sierra Madre\"\" and \"\"Prizzi's Honor\"\", respectively), making the Hustons the first family to have three generations of Academy Award winners. He also directed her in \"\"Sinful Davey\"\" in 1969. In addition, he also directed 13 other actors in Oscar-nominated performances: Sydney Greenstreet, Claire Trevor, Sam Jaffe, Humphrey Bogart, Katharine Hepburn, José Ferrer, Colette Marchand, Deborah Kerr, Grayson Hall, Susan Tyrrell, Albert Finney, Jack Nicholson and William Hickey. In 1960, Huston was honored with a star on the Hollywood", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6391566", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Fonda\"\na strong, appealing screen image in such classics as \"\"The Ox-Bow Incident\"\", \"\"Mister Roberts\"\", and \"\"12 Angry Men\"\". Later, Fonda moved toward darker epics such as Sergio Leone's \"\"Once Upon a Time in the West\"\" and lighter roles in family comedies such as \"\"Yours, Mine and Ours\"\" with Lucille Ball, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor at the 54th Academy Awards for the movie \"\"On Golden Pond\"\", his final film role. Fonda was the patriarch of a family of famous actors, including daughter Jane Fonda, son Peter Fonda, granddaughter Bridget Fonda, and grandson Troy Garity. His family and close", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12447785", "chunk_text": "\"Hollywood Walk of Fame\"\nRoger Williams, Tex Williams and Vanessa Williams. There are fourteen stars with the surname Moore, twelve with Jones, and seven with Smith. The largest collection of stars honoring one group of blood relatives is the widely scattered set of seven representing the Barrymore family: John Barrymore, his brother Lionel (who has two), and sister Ethel, their uncle Sidney Drew, John's son John Drew Barrymore, and John Drew's daughter Drew Barrymore. Walk of Fame rules prohibit consideration of nominees whose contributions fall outside the five major entertainment categories, but the selection committee has been known to conjure some interesting rule interpretations", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7081556", "chunk_text": "\"Academy Award for Best Director\"\ndirector in history to receive this award, at the age of 32 for his work on \"\"La La Land\"\". Two directing teams have shared the award; Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins for \"\"West Side Story\"\" in 1961 and Joel and Ethan Coen for \"\"No Country for Old Men\"\" in 2007. The Coen brothers are the only siblings to have won the award. Kathryn Bigelow is the only woman to have won the award, for 2009's \"\"The Hurt Locker\"\". As of the 2018 ceremony, Guillermo del Toro is the most recent winner in this category for his work on \"\"The Shape", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9281042", "chunk_text": "\"3rd Academy Awards\"\nin any category. Best Sound Recording was introduced this year, making it the first new category since the inception of the Oscars. It was awarded to Douglas Shearer, brother of Best Actress winner Norma Shearer, making them the first sibling winners in Oscar history. Winners are listed first and highlighted in boldface. The following eight films received multiple nominations: The following two films received multiple awards: 3rd Academy Awards The 3rd Academy Awards were awarded to films completed and screened released between August 1, 1929, and July 31, 1930, by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. \"\"All Quiet", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5157595", "chunk_text": "\"Academy Award for Best Picture\"\nby nominee. Until 1950, the Best Picture award was given to the production company; from 1951 on, it has gone to the producer or producers. The Academy used the producer credits of the Producers Guild of America (PGA) until 1998, when all five producers of \"\"Shakespeare in Love\"\" made speeches after its win. A three-producer limit has been applied some years since. There was controversy over the exclusion of some PGA-credited producers of \"\"Crash\"\" and \"\"Little Miss Sunshine\"\". The Academy can make exceptions to the limit, as when Anthony Minghella and Sydney Pollack were posthumously among the four nominated for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18066873", "chunk_text": "\"3 Generations (film)\"\n3 Generations (film) 3 Generations (also marketed in some markets as About Ray) is a 2015 American drama film directed by Gaby Dellal and written by Nikole Beckwith and Dellal. The film stars Elle Fanning, Naomi Watts, Susan Sarandon, Tate Donovan and Sam Trammell. It premiered in the Special Presentations section of the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival, under the title \"\"About Ray\"\". The film was released on May 5, 2017, by The Weinstein Company. Teenager Ray (Fanning) realizes and pursues his true identity as male and his mother Maggie (Watts), lesbian grandmother Dolly (Sarandon) and absent father Craig (Donovan)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14676980", "chunk_text": "\"73rd Academy Awards\"\nsimultaneously for Best Picture and Best Foreign Language Film in the same year. Moreover, its ten nominations were the most for a foreign language film. With four wins, the film tied with \"\"Fanny and Alexander\"\" as the most awarded foreign language films in Academy Awards history. By virtue of his brother's Best Supporting Actor nomination for 1988's \"\"Running on Empty\"\", Best Supporting actor nominee Joaquin Phoenix and River became the first pair of brothers to earn acting nominations. Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger (). The following 20 films received multiple nominations: The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1420581", "chunk_text": "\"76th Academy Awards\"\nFord Coppola and her grandfather, Carmine's previous wins, her victory in the Original Screenplay category made her the second third-generation Oscar winner in history. At age thirteen, Best Actress nominee Keisha Castle-Hughes became the youngest nominee in that category until being surpassed by Quvenzhané Wallis, who was nine at the time of her nomination, in 2013. With Sean Penn and Tim Robbins's respective wins in the Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor categories, \"\"Mystic River\"\" became the fourth film to win both male acting awards. Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger (). The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12024724", "chunk_text": "\"Coen brothers\"\n\"\"West Side Story\"\" in 1961), and Warren Beatty and Buck Henry (who were nominated for \"\"Heaven Can Wait\"\" in 1978). Only seven other directors have won three Oscars for the same film, a distinction the duo shares with Billy Wilder, James L. Brooks, Francis Ford Coppola, James Cameron, Peter Jackson, and Alejandro G. Iñárritu. With eight Academy Award nominations for \"\"No Country for Old Men\"\", including Best Picture, Director, Adapted Screenplay, and Film Editing the Coen brothers have tied the record for the most nominations by a single nominee (counting an \"\"established duo\"\" as one nominee) for the same film.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2115500", "chunk_text": "\"Academy Award for Best Picture\"\nAnthony Minghella and Sydney Pollack were posthumously included among the four producers nominated for \"\"The Reader.\"\" the Producers Branch Executive Committee determines such exceptions, noting they take place only in \"\"rare and extraordinary circumstance[s].\"\" Steven Spielberg currently holds the record for most nominations at ten, winning one, while Kathleen Kennedy holds the record for most nominations without a win at eight. Sam Spiegel and Saul Zaentz tie for the most wins with three each. As for the time when the Oscar was given to production companies instead, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer holds the record with five wins and 40 nominations. The Academy Awards", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11313784", "chunk_text": "\"89th Academy Awards\"\nto win an Academy Award, surpassing the 431-minute long \"\"War and Peace,\"\" which won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1969. Following the five-part documentary's win, new Academy rules barred any \"\"multi-part or limited series\"\" from being eligible for documentary categories. With Casey Affleck winning the Oscar for Best Actor, him and his older brother, Ben Affleck, became the 16th pair of siblings to win Academy Awards. Mahershala Ali became the first Muslim actor to win an Oscar. Viola Davis became the first black person to achieve the Triple Crown of Acting with her Oscar, Emmy, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20766515", "chunk_text": "\"Olivia de Havilland\"\n\"\"Every Frenchman Has One\"\", an account of her life in France. DeHavilland and Joan Fontaine are the only siblings to have won Academy Awards in a lead acting category. A lifelong rivalry between the two resulted in an estrangement that lasted over three decades. She has lived in Paris since 1956. DeHavilland's father, Walter de Havilland (1872–1968), served as an English professor at the Imperial University in Tokyo before becoming a patent attorney. Her mother, Lilian Fontaine (née Ruse; 1886–1975), was educated at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London and became a stage actress. Lilian also sang with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19438248", "chunk_text": "\"70th Academy Awards\"\n\"\"Titanic\"\", Best Actress nominee Kate Winslet and Best Supporting Actress nominee Gloria Stuart became the first pair of actresses nominated for portraying the same character in the same film. At age 87, Stuart also became the oldest performer nominated for a competitive Oscar. Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger (). The following 16 films received multiple nominations: The following four films received multiple awards: The following individuals presented awards or performed musical numbers. In December 1997, the Academy hired veteran Oscar telecast producer Gil Cates to oversee the 1998 ceremony. \"\"Gil has become", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4004405", "chunk_text": "\"Saul Zaentz\"\na US35.5 million gift from the Saul Zaentz Charitable Foundation, describing it as \"\"the largest gift ever given to a university to focus on advancing early childhood education, and the largest gift in HGSE's history\"\". He was married twice, first to Lynda Redfield, who was the widow of actor William Redfield. His second wife, Celia Mingus, was the ex-wife of Charles Mingus. Saul Zaentz Saul Zaentz (; February 28, 1921January 3, 2014) was an American film producer and record company executive. He won the Academy Award for Best Picture three times and, in 1996, was awarded the Irving G. Thalberg", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9823664", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Nicholson\"\nand Laurence Olivier (1930s–1970s) have been nominated for an acting (lead or supporting) Academy Award in five different decades. With three Oscar wins, he also ties with Walter Brennan, Daniel Day-Lewis, Ingrid Bergman, and Meryl Streep for the second-most Oscar wins in acting categories. Only Katharine Hepburn, with four Oscars, won more. In 2012, Nicholson co-presented the Academy Award for Best Picture with First Lady Michelle Obama. This ceremony marked the eighth time he has presented the Academy Award for Best Picture (1972, 1977, 1978, 1990, 1993, 2006, 2007, and 2012). Nicholson is an active and voting member of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9485239", "chunk_text": "\"Sam Spiegel\"\nSam Spiegel Samuel P. Spiegel (November 11, 1901 – December 31, 1985) was a Austro-Polish-born American independent film producer. He was the first to win the Academy Award for Best Picture three times, and the only one to be the sole producer on all three winning films. Spiegel was born to a Jewish family in Jarosław, Galicia, Austria-Hungary (now in Poland). His parents were Regina and Simon Spiegel (a tobacco wholesaler). He received his education at the University of Vienna. His brother was Shalom Spiegel, a professor of medieval Hebrew poetry. Spiegel worked briefly in Hollywood in 1927 following a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5161673", "chunk_text": "\"Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay\"\ncategories. Peter Jackson and Fran Walsh are the only married couple to win, for \"\"\"\". Geoffrey S. Fletcher (for \"\"Precious: Based on the Novel 'Push' by Sapphire\"\"), John Ridley (for \"\"12 Years a Slave\"\"), and Barry Jenkins and Tarell Alvin McCraney (both for \"\"Moonlight\"\") are the only African-Americans to win in this category; Fletcher is also the first African-American to win in any writing category. Billy Wilder, Charles Brackett, Paddy Chayefsky, Francis Ford Coppola, Horton Foote, William Goldman, Robert Benton, Bo Goldman, and the Coen brothers have won Oscars for both original and adapted screenplays. James Ivory is the oldest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15285401", "chunk_text": "\"William A. Horning\"\nwinner. Like producer Sam Zimbalist, Horning was awarded his second Oscar posthumously, as both he and Zimbalist had died while the movie was still being filmed. To date, Horning is the only person ever to win posthumous Academy Awards in consecutive ceremonies. William A. Horning William Allen Horning (November 9, 1904 – March 2, 1959) was an American two-time Academy Award winner. He was married to Esther Montgomery until his death. At the 31st Academy Awards ceremony for 1958, Horning received a posthumous Academy Award for Best Art Direction for that year's Best Picture winner, \"\"Gigi\"\". The following year, he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18937317", "chunk_text": "\"German Americans\"\nGrace Kelly, Clark Gable, Marlene Dietrich, Johnny Weissmuller, Ernst Lubitsch, Walter Damrosch, Henry John Deutschendorf (John Denver), John Kay, Heidi Klum, Meryl Streep, Marlon Brando, Kim Basinger, Sandra Bullock, David Hasselhoff, Leonardo DiCaprio, Kirsten Dunst, and Kevin George Knipfing (Kevin James) became prominent athletes, actors, film directors or artists. There have been three presidents whose fathers were of German descent: Dwight D. Eisenhower (original family name \"\"Eisenhauer\"\" and maternal side is also German/Swiss), Herbert Hoover (original family name \"\"Huber\"\"), and Donald Trump (whose paternal grandparents were immigrants from the Palatinate region of Germany). Presidents with maternal German ancestry include Richard", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16508456", "chunk_text": "\"76th Academy Awards\"\nawards ceremony on February 29, 2004. With eleven awards, \"\"The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King\"\" tied with \"\"Ben-Hur\"\" and \"\"Titanic\"\" as the most awarded films in Oscar history. Moreover, its clean sweep of its eleven nominations surpassed \"\"Gigi\"\" and \"\"The Last Emperor\"\"'s nine awards for the largest sweep for a single film in Oscar history. The film was also the tenth film to win Best Picture without any acting nominations. Best Director nominee Sofia Coppola became the first American woman and third woman overall to be nominated in that category. By virtue of her father, Francis", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9961841", "chunk_text": "\"Joan Fontaine\"\nestranged following the incident. While promoting her autobiography in 1978, Fontaine addressed the issue, stating, \"\"Until my adopted daughter goes back to see her parents, she's not welcome. I promised her parents. I do not forgive somebody who makes me break my word.\"\" Fontaine and her sister, Olivia deHavilland, are the only set of siblings to have won lead acting Academy Awards. Olivia was the first to become an actress; when Fontaine tried to follow her lead, their mother, who allegedly favored Olivia, refused to let Joan use the family name. Subsequently, Fontaine had to invent a name, taking first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4400355", "chunk_text": "\"Westmore family\"\nand public alike. Later generations have continued the name, including brothers Michael and Marvin who have excelled in special makeup effects, such as in \"\"Blade Runner\"\" (1982), \"\"Mask\"\" (1985) and \"\"Raging Bull\"\" (1980). Westmore family The Westmore Family is a prominent family in Hollywood make-up. Led by their patriarch, George Westmore, the family has had four generations serve Hollywood as make-up artists in various capacities since George's establishment of Hollywood's first make-up department in 1917. The English wigmaker George Westmore, for whom the Makeup Artist and Hair Stylist Guild's George Westmore Lifetime Achievement Award is named, founded the first (and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "51049", "chunk_text": "\"Cecil B. DeMille\"\nfor \"\"Union Pacific\"\", a DGA Award for Lifetime Achievement, and the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award. He was also the first recipient of the Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award, which was later named in his honor. There are several variants of his surname. His family's Dutch surname was originally spelled \"\"de Mil\"\" and then became \"\"de Mille\"\". As an adult, he adopted the spelling \"\"DeMille\"\" for professional purposes but continued to use \"\"de Mille\"\" in private life. The family name \"\"de Mille\"\" was used by his children Cecilia, John, Richard, and Katherine. DeMille's brother, William, and his daughters, Margaret", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16281969", "chunk_text": "\"Charles Lang\"\nMarlon Brando, \"\"How the West Was Won\"\" (1962) in Cinerama, \"\"Charade\"\" (1963) with Cary Grant and Audrey Hepburn, \"\"Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice\"\" (1969), and \"\"Butterflies Are Free\"\" (1972). Lang received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Society of Cinematographers in 1991, for a career which included at least 114 feature films. Lang won an Academy Award the second time he was nominated, early in his career; he received a total of 18 nominations, tying with Leon Shamroy for the most Academy Award for Best Cinematography nominations ever. According to IMDb, Lang also received Oscar nominations for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17950454", "chunk_text": "\"William Wyler\"\nhim. On July 24, 1981, Wyler gave an interview with his daughter, Catherine, for \"\"Directed by William Wyler\"\", a PBS documentary about his life and career. Three days later, he died from a heart attack. He is interred at Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery, near his older brother, Robert Wyler, sister-in-law, actress Cathy O'Donnell and his son, William \"\"Billy\"\" Wyler, Jr in Glendale, California. Wyler is the most nominated director in Academy Awards history with twelve nominations. He won the Academy Award for Best Direction on three occasions, for his direction of \"\"Ben-Hur\"\", \"\"The Best Years of Our Lives\"\", and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3639976", "chunk_text": "\"Mark Wexler\"\nWexler has exhibited his work in galleries around the world, including the International Center of Photography in New York. Mark Wexler Mark Simon Wexler (born 1955) is an American documentary filmmaker and photojournalist. His father, Haskell Wexler, was a cinematographer and filmmaker who won two Oscars. His mother, Marian Witt-Wexler, was a painter. Wexler’s half-brother Jeff Wexler is an Oscar-nominated sound mixer. Actress Daryl Hannah and film director Tanya Wexler are cousins via his uncle Jerrold Wexler, a Chicago Real Estate Developer. Wexler was born in Chicago, but grew up in Hollywood, California. He majored in cultural anthropology in college.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12102620", "chunk_text": "\"47th Academy Awards\"\nnominations in a single acting category). Between the two of them, father and son Carmine and Francis Ford Coppola won four awards, with Carmine winning for Best Original Dramatic Score (with Nino Rota) and Francis for Picture, Director, and Best Screenplay Adapted from Other Material (with Mario Puzo). This was the only Oscars where all nominees in one category were released by the same studio: all five Best Costume Design nominations were for films released by Paramount Pictures. Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface and indicated with a double dagger (). These films had multiple nominations: The following films", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4791399", "chunk_text": "\"Paddy Chayefsky\"\nPaddy Chayefsky Sidney Aaron \"\"Paddy\"\" Chayefsky (January 29, 1923 – August 1, 1981) was an American playwright, screenwriter and novelist. He is the only person to have won three solo Academy Awards for Best Screenplay (the other three-time winners, Francis Ford Coppola, Charles Brackett, Woody Allen, and Billy Wilder, have all shared their awards with co-writers). He was considered one of the most renowned dramatists of the so-called Golden Age of Television. His intimate, realistic scripts provided a naturalistic style of television drama for the 1950s, and he was regarded as the central figure in the \"\"kitchen sink realism\"\" movement", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7042340", "chunk_text": "\"Westmore family\"\nwould make up stars such as Mary Pickford (whom he relieved of having to curl her famous hair daily by making false ringlets) or the Talmadge sisters (Norma and Constance) in their homes before they left for work in the morning. He fathered three legendary and scandalous generations of movie makeup artists, beginning with his six sons—Perc, Ern, Monte, Wally, Bud, and Frank—who soon eclipsed him in Hollywood. By 1926, Monte, Perc, Ern, and Bud had penetrated the industry to become the chief makeup artists at four major studios, and all continued to break ground in new beauty and horror", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3241832", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Capra\"\nthree times. He briefly held the record for winning the most Best Director Oscars when he won for the third time in 1938, until this record was matched by John Ford in 1941, and then later surpassed by Ford in 1952. William Wyler also matched this record upon winning his third Oscar in 1959. The Academy Film Archive has preserved two of Capra's films, \"\"The Matinee Idol\"\" (1928) and \"\"Two Down and One to Go!\"\" (1945). Frank Capra Frank Russell Capra (born Francesco Rosario Capra; May 18, 1897 – September 3, 1991) was an Italian American film director, producer and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13975471", "chunk_text": "\"78th Academy Awards\"\nceremony on March 5, 2006. Several notable achievements by multiple individuals and films occurred during the ceremony. \"\"Crash\"\" was the first Best Picture winner since 1976's \"\"Rocky\"\" to win only three Oscars. Best Director winner Ang Lee became the first non-Caucasian winner of that category. For this first time since the 34th ceremony held in 1962, all four acting winners were first-time nominees. Best Supporting Actor winner George Clooney was the fifth person to receive acting, directing, and screenwriting nominations in the same year and the first person to achieve this feat for two different films. By virtue of his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1279934", "chunk_text": "\"The Family Whistle\"\nRusso, L'Œil d'or at the 69th Annual 2016 Cannes Film Festival Nomination: Michele Russo, Caméra d'Or at the 69th Annual 2016 Cannes Film Festival The Family Whistle The Family Whistle is a 2016 documentary film exploring the origins of the famed Coppola family of musicians and filmmakers, written and directed by Michele Russo. The famed Coppola family of filmmakers and musicians descends from Agostino Coppola, a poor immigrant from an impoverished village in Southern Italy. Interviews and archival footage portray how the family history has inspired these artists, and how they continue to renew their ties to the land of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9233371", "chunk_text": "\"Paddy Chayefsky\"\nare at the Wisconsin Historical Society and the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, Billy Rose Theatre Division. Paddy Chayefsky Sidney Aaron \"\"Paddy\"\" Chayefsky (January 29, 1923 – August 1, 1981) was an American playwright, screenwriter and novelist. He is the only person to have won three solo Academy Awards for Best Screenplay (the other three-time winners, Francis Ford Coppola, Charles Brackett, Woody Allen, and Billy Wilder, have all shared their awards with co-writers). He was considered one of the most renowned dramatists of the so-called Golden Age of Television. His intimate, realistic scripts provided a naturalistic style", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "484509", "chunk_text": "\"Armando Bó\"\nby the late 1940s he had already taken up an interest in film production and began as a director, producer, actor, and screenwriter in the early 1950s. He was involved in almost 100 different films during his career. He was married to Teresa Machinandiarena, and had three children: María Inés, María Jesús, and Víctor. The erroneous popular belief is that he was married to Isabel Sarli. His son, Víctor Bó, was a prominent actor in Argentina during the 70s and 80s. His grandsons, Academy Award winners for Best Original Screenplay Nicolás Giacobone and Armando Bó Jr., credited as Armando Bó,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14230462", "chunk_text": "\"20th Academy Awards\"\noldest was Charles Coburn, who was 66 at the time of his win. In 1976, George Burns would become the oldest Oscar-winner, at age 80. Winners are listed first and highlighted in boldface. These films had multiple nominations: The following films received multiple awards. 20th Academy Awards No film received more than three awards at the 20th Academy Awards. This would not recur until the 78th Academy Awards. Rosalind Russell was highly favored to win Best Actress her performance in \"\"Mourning Becomes Electra\"\", but Loretta Young won instead for \"\"The Farmer's Daughter\"\". James Baskett received an Academy Honorary Award for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2806877", "chunk_text": "\"80th Academy Awards\"\nto win the award for the same film. Jerome Robbins and Robert Wise first accomplished this feat for co-directing 1961's \"\"West Side Story\"\". This was also the second time in Oscar history (the first being 1964's 37th Academy Awards) that none of the four acting winners was American. Daniel Day-Lewis became the eighth person to win Best Actor twice. Best Actress winner Marion Cotillard was the fifth person to win for a non-English speaking performance and the second person to do so in the aforementioned category, after Sophia Loren who won for 1961's \"\"Two Women\"\". Cate Blanchett became the eleventh", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13452861", "chunk_text": "\"32nd Academy Awards\"\n32nd Academy Awards The 32nd Academy Awards ceremony, presented by Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, was held on April 4, 1960 and took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre to honor the best films of 1959. The epic drama \"\"Ben-Hur\"\" won 11 Oscars, breaking the record of nine set the year before by \"\"Gigi\"\". \"\"Ben-Hur\"\" remained the most honored motion picture in Academy Award history until \"\"Titanic\"\" equaled the feat in 1997, followed by \"\"\"\" in 2003. \"\"Ben-Hur\"\" was the third film to win both Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor, a feat not repeated until \"\"Mystic River\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19438247", "chunk_text": "\"70th Academy Awards\"\n1998. With eleven awards, \"\"Titanic\"\" tied with \"\"Ben-Hur\"\" for the most Academy Awards in Oscar history. It also became the first film to win Best Picture without a screenwriting nomination since 1965's \"\"The Sound of Music\"\". Best Actress winner Helen Hunt became the first performer to win an Oscar while concurrently starring in a television series; Jack Nicholson became the fourth performer to win at least three acting Oscars. Both won for their roles in \"\"As Good as It Gets\"\", making it the seventh film to win both lead acting awards. Nominated for their performances as Rose DeWitt Bukater in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17610204", "chunk_text": "\"Desi Arnaz Jr.\"\nwas his father. He said, \"\"I can call any of them on the phone any time I want to,\"\" says Sean. \"\"John, Desi, Mike or Papa Mike...my four dads.\"\" (Michael Pearce, Duke's husband after Astin, was his step-father.) Arnaz was subsequently involved with entertainer Liza Minnelli, another relationship of which his mother disapproved; Ball thought that the singer-actress was too old for her son and, because of Liza's perceived reckless lifestyle, not a good influence upon him. Arnaz accompanied Minnelli to the Academy Awards ceremony in March 1973 when she won the Academy Award for Best Actress. Arnaz was married", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1279933", "chunk_text": "\"The Family Whistle\"\nThe Family Whistle The Family Whistle is a 2016 documentary film exploring the origins of the famed Coppola family of musicians and filmmakers, written and directed by Michele Russo. The famed Coppola family of filmmakers and musicians descends from Agostino Coppola, a poor immigrant from an impoverished village in Southern Italy. Interviews and archival footage portray how the family history has inspired these artists, and how they continue to renew their ties to the land of their origin. Awards and nominations Award: Ugo Lo Pinto, Indie Spec Best Cinematography Award at the 14th Annual Boston International Film Festival Nomination: Michele", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16941836", "chunk_text": "\"Walter Brennan\"\nWalter Brennan Walter Andrew Brennan (July 25, 1894 – September 21, 1974) was an American actor. He won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor in 1936, 1938, and 1940, making him one of only three male actors to win three Academy Awards. Brennan was born in Lynn, Massachusetts, less than two miles from his family's home in Swampscott, Massachusetts. He was the second of three children born to Margaret Elizabeth (\"\"née\"\" Flanagan; June 4, 1869 in Charlestown, Massachusetts – February 1, 1955 in Pasadena, California) and William John Brennan (September 2, 1868 in Malden, Massachusetts – August 17, 1936", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7525705", "chunk_text": "\"Christopher Mitchum\"\n1972. He won both The Golden Horse Award (1981) and The Golden Reel, Best Actor award (1988, Indonesia). He has been a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences since 1978. He was the Screen Actors Guild national first vice president, in 1987–89 and a member of the SAG board of directors, in 1983–89. He is the father of Bentley Mitchum, Carrie Mitchum, Jennifer Mitchum, and Kian Mitchum and the grandfather of Cappy Van Dien, Grace Van Dien, Allexanne Mitchum, Carrington Mitchum, and Wyatt Mitchum Cardone. Mitchum has resided in the Santa Barbara, California, area (Central Coast)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3396	when did i'm like a bird come out?	n/a	[ "October 24, 2000" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2125738", "chunk_text": "\"I'm Like a Bird\"\nI'm Like a Bird \"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\" is a song written by Canadian singer-songwriter Nelly Furtado, and produced by Gerald Eaton and Brian West, as the first single from her first album, \"\"Whoa, Nelly!\"\" It was one of the most successful singles of 2001, peaking at number one on Canada's MuchMusic chart, as well as number two in Australia and New Zealand, number five in the United Kingdom, and number nine in the United States. The song received very positive reviews from music critics for Furtado's singing and the empowering lyrics, and became one of the most critically acclaimed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2125739", "chunk_text": "\"I'm Like a Bird\"\nsongs of 2001. Many also consider it to be her signature song; Furtado herself commented \"\"There's a simplicity about it that I love,\"\" and \"\"It's my freedom song.\"\" The song was nominated for the Grammy Award for Song of the Year and won the Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, making Furtado the first female act to win the award for her debut single since Mariah Carey did so ten years earlier and the last to be awarded to a Canadian artist winner in the category. It also won the Juno Award for Single of the Year. \"\"I'm", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5746488", "chunk_text": "\"Nelly Furtado\"\nfor the Internet revolution to learn about world music; she began listening to it at the age of five and continues to discover new genres. Nelly Furtado Nelly Kim Furtado (; born December 2, 1978) is a Canadian singer and songwriter. Furtado first gained fame with her debut album, \"\"Whoa, Nelly!\"\" (2000), which was a critical and commercial success that spawned two top 10 singles on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, \"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\" and \"\"Turn Off the Light\"\". The first of the two singles won her a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. In 2003, she released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16691195", "chunk_text": "\"Fly Like a Bird\"\nFly Like a Bird \"\"Fly Like a Bird\"\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey, first released on February 13, 2006 by Island Records as the sixth single from her tenth studio album, \"\"The Emancipation of Mimi\"\" (2005). Written and produced by Carey and James \"\"Big Jim\"\" Wright, the song is influenced by Gospel, soul, and R&B music genres. Its arrangement is built on piano chords and guitar melodies, and features Carey's pastor Clarence Keaton, who recites two Biblical verses during the song's introduction and bridge. Carey described \"\"Fly Like a Bird\"\" as the most personal and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2125740", "chunk_text": "\"I'm Like a Bird\"\nLike a Bird\"\" is composed common time in the key of B♭ major. The song moves at 90 beats per minute, and Furtado's voice spans around an octave and a half, from F to B♭. It is written in verse-chorus form, with a bridge before the third chorus. In 2006 Furtado said of the song, \"\"I've heard it sung at karaoke or by cover bands and it was awesome — I was like, wow, I've got one of those songs. Somebody once called it a 'hairbrush song', one that girls and guys sing in front of the mirror with their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19890148", "chunk_text": "\"Something Like a Bird\"\nSomething Like a Bird Something Like a Bird is an album by Charles Mingus, released on the Atlantic label in 1981. The album reached a peak position of number 37 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Jazz Albums chart. Mingus is featured as composer and director but does not actually play on this album as his ALS had progressed to the point where he was no longer able to do so. These were the last sessions of his own music he ever participated in, although he did attend one session for the partial collaboration with Joni Mitchell, Mingus before his death in January", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10244654", "chunk_text": "\"A Lot Like Birds\"\nA Lot Like Birds A Lot Like Birds was an American post-hardcore band formed in Sacramento, California. The band released four albums and received considerable media attention from music sites. Since the release of 2011's \"\"Conversation Piece\"\", A Lot Like Birds has signed to Equal Vision Records and released their third studio album on October 29, 2013. The band announced their final show on their Facebook page on February 17, 2018. The band formed in Sacramento when guitarist/vocalist Michael Franzino invited local musicians to collaborate on an album. The result was A Lot Like Birds's debut album \"\"Plan B\"\". Released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2125742", "chunk_text": "\"I'm Like a Bird\"\nin mid-air, again, while leaning on the tree trunk. During the bridge she is singing to a bug while her eyes change colour. The conclusion of the video shows her falling backwards from a branch into a crowd as she sings the final chorus of the song. The last shot pans out to reveal a crowd of tens of thousands. There was made an edited version of the music video for European VH1, where some scenes where changed. Credits are adapted from the \"\"Whoa, Nelly!\"\" album liner notes. I'm Like a Bird \"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\" is a song written", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17910256", "chunk_text": "\"Whoa, Nelly!\"\nWhoa, Nelly! Whoa, Nelly! is the debut studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Nelly Furtado. It was released in North America on October 24, 2000 by DreamWorks Records. Recording sessions for the album took place from 1999 to 2000. It peaked at number twenty-four on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 chart, and opened to critical acclaim. It produced three international singles: \"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\", \"\"Turn Off the Light\"\" and \"\"...on the Radio (Remember the Days)\"\". \"\"Party's Just Begun (Again)\"\" was a club-only single released exclusively in the US before the album's availability in stores, and it was included on the soundtrack", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5746459", "chunk_text": "\"Nelly Furtado\"\nNelly Furtado Nelly Kim Furtado (; born December 2, 1978) is a Canadian singer and songwriter. Furtado first gained fame with her debut album, \"\"Whoa, Nelly!\"\" (2000), which was a critical and commercial success that spawned two top 10 singles on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, \"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\" and \"\"Turn Off the Light\"\". The first of the two singles won her a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. In 2003, she released her second album, \"\"Folklore\"\", which was preceded by the lead single, \"\"Powerless (Say What You Want)\"\". Furtado's third album, \"\"Loose\"\" (2006), became her best selling", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19890149", "chunk_text": "\"Something Like a Bird\"\n1979. The Allmusic review states: \"\"It's not essential but certainly colorful.\"\". Something Like a Bird Something Like a Bird is an album by Charles Mingus, released on the Atlantic label in 1981. The album reached a peak position of number 37 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Jazz Albums chart. Mingus is featured as composer and director but does not actually play on this album as his ALS had progressed to the point where he was no longer able to do so. These were the last sessions of his own music he ever participated in, although he did attend one session for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3694392", "chunk_text": "\"I Am a Bird Now\"\nI Am a Bird Now I Am a Bird Now is the second album by New York City band Antony and the Johnsons. It won the Mercury Prize on September 6, 2005. After winning the prize, the album shot up the UK albums chart from #135 to #16 in one week, the biggest jump in the history of the Mercury Music Prize. As of September 2011, UK sales stand at 220,000 copies. The album features guest appearances by Rufus Wainwright (\"\"What Can I Do?\"\"), Devendra Banhart, Joan Wasser and by lead singer Anohni's childhood heroes Boy George and Lou Reed.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16691207", "chunk_text": "\"Fly Like a Bird\"\n\"\"Charmbracelet\"\".\"\" During April 2006, \"\"Fly Like a Bird\"\" was released to US urban and adult contemporary radio stations, at the same time \"\"Say Somethin'\"\" (featuring Snoop Dogg, the sixth single from \"\"The Emancipation of Mimi\"\"), was released to pop and rhythmic radio stations. \"\"Fly Like a Bird\"\" failed to chart on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, instead reaching number four on \"\"Billboard\"\"s Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which represents the twenty-five songs below the Hot 100's number 100 position that have not yet appeared on the Hot 100. It peaked at number nineteen on \"\"Billboard\"\"s Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15110954", "chunk_text": "\"Nelly Furtado discography\"\nNelly Furtado discography Canadian singer Nelly Furtado has released six studio albums, twenty singles, one video album, one live album, two compilation albums, three extended plays, and twenty-three music videos. Furtado released her debut album \"\"Whoa, Nelly!\"\" in 2000 and it became a commercial success selling 9 million copies worldwide. It has been certified multi Platinum in countries such as Canada, United States, Australia and New Zealand. The album spawned four singles including the successful top 10 hits; \"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\" and \"\"Turn Off the Light\"\". In 2003 she released her second album \"\"Folklore\"\", while the album did not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4986797", "chunk_text": "\"Nelly Furtado\"\nColombian artist Juanes in the song \"\"Fotografía\"\" (\"\"Photograph\"\"), where she showed her diversity of yet another language, Spanish. Furtado was also featured in \"\"Breath\"\" from Swollen Members' \"\"Monsters in the Closet\"\" release; the video for \"\"Breath\"\", directed by Spawn creator Todd McFarlane, won the 2003 Western Canadian Music Awards Outstanding Video and MuchVIBE Best Rap Video. In 2002, Furtado was the recipient of an International Achievement Award at the SOCAN Awards in Toronto for her song \"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\". Furtado's second album, \"\"Folklore\"\", was released in November 2003. One of the tracks on the album, \"\"Childhood Dreams\"\", was dedicated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17910260", "chunk_text": "\"Whoa, Nelly!\"\none of the best 50 albums of 2001. As a result of critical acclaim, the album received four nominations at the 44th Annual Grammy Awards ceremony in on 27 February 2002. The album itself received a nomination for Best Pop Vocal Album, while Furtado herself was nominated for Best New Artist as well as Song of the Year and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance for \"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\", in which she won the latter. \"\"Whoa, Nelly!\"\" was commercial success worldwide. It peaked at number two in Canada and received 4× platinum certification in that territory. In United States, it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10155082", "chunk_text": "\"Demy (singer)\"\nup was \"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\" by Nelly Furtado. Apart from singing professionally, she is also a law school student in Athens. She has stated that she still aspires to finish law school, and not devote herself to music exclusively, even though her popularity as a musician is increasing. Her father (Epaminondas Papadeas) and sister (Romy Papadea) are also attorneys in Papadeas Law firm. Her mother Elena Boubouli is a Greek-American School owner of Masterlingua and Director of Studies for Epimorphosi Higher Education and Europe – Studies (medical studies abroad). Demy first appeared in Midenistis' song, \"\"Mia Zografia\"\" which became", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6507859", "chunk_text": "\"Bird on the Wire\"\nNina Simone, and which shares a similar melody and some lyrical patterns with Cohen's song. Many artists have covered the song, often as \"\"Bird on \"\"a\"\" Wire\"\" (indeed, this variation appears in the compilation \"\"The Essential Leonard Cohen\"\"), including: Bird on the Wire \"\"Bird on the Wire\"\" is one of Leonard Cohen's signature songs. It was recorded 26 September 1968 in Nashville and included on his 1969 album \"\"Songs from a Room\"\". A May 1968 recording produced by David Crosby, titled \"\"Like a Bird\"\", was added to the 2007 remastered CD. Judy Collins was the first to release the song", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2125741", "chunk_text": "\"I'm Like a Bird\"\nhairbrush. I just think I'm lucky I have it — it's paying the bills!\"\" The music video for \"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\" was directed by Francis Lawrence. The video begins in the sky where the camera slowly pans down onto Furtado, who is lying in the grass. It then shows her singing on a tree trunk in mid-air. In the chorus she gets up and starts singing to the camera while birds are flying around her. The second verse shows her sitting in mid-air in a forest, while singing to the camera. The chorus consists of flashes of Furtado singing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20071418", "chunk_text": "\"Fly Like a Bird\"\nto hear, in order to give them faith and assurance lest they be in a grave situation. Following the extended chart success of \"\"The Emancipation of Mimi\"\", \"\"Fly Like a Bird\"\" was released as a promotional single from the project. Simultaneously promoted alongside \"\"Say Somethin', the song was released on March 13, 2006 to urban, urban AC and gospel stations, while the latter to mainstream Top 40 channels. Tom Ferguson from \"\"Billboard\"\" did not agree with releasing both singles concurrently, as he had given \"\"Say Somethin'\"\" a negative review. According to Ferguson, while the latter had radio appeal, its \"\"scantily", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4986794", "chunk_text": "\"Nelly Furtado\"\nwith Eaton and West. The material recorded during these sessions was shopped to record companies by her attorney Chris Taylor and led to her 1999 record deal with DreamWorks Records, signed by A&R executive Beth Halper, partner of Garbage drummer and record producer Butch Vig. Furtado's first single, \"\"Party's Just Begun (Again)\"\", was released that year on the \"\"\"\". Furtado continued the collaboration with Eaton and West, who co-produced her debut album, \"\"Whoa, Nelly!\"\", which was released in October 2000. The album was an international success, supported by three international singles: \"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\", \"\"Turn Off the Light\"\", and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11518223", "chunk_text": "\"Birdy (film)\"\nopened in limited release on December 12, 1984. It undeperformed at the North American box office, grossing only $1.4 million against a budget of $12 million. The film received mostly positive reviews, and has an approval rating of 85% at Rotten Tomatoes. \"\"Birdy\"\" was chosen by the National Board of Review as one of the of 1984, and won the Grand Prix Spécial du Jury prize at the 1985 Cannes Film Festival. In a 1960s working-class neighborhood in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a teenage boy nicknamed \"\"Birdy\"\" befriends his next-door neighbor Al Columbato, and relates to him his fascination with birds and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19354238", "chunk_text": "\"A Lot Like Birds\"\nside project, alone. On February 20, 2016 the band announced Kurt Travis' departure from the band. Travis cited a change in the band's direction as his reason for leaving. In Travis's absence, Cory Lockwood took vocal lessons to expand his vocal abilities for the new album, with additional vocals performed by Matt Coate. On March 8, 2017, the band released a teaser video for the album titled, \"\"DIVISI\"\". The album was released on May 5, 2017. The band announced on their Facebook page that they will be breaking up following almost ten years together. A Lot Like Birds A Lot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5968635", "chunk_text": "\"Sade (singer)\"\n2000 and received positive reviews from music critics. The album reached number 18 on the UK Albums Chart, number three on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" 200, and has since been certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), having sold 3.9 million copies in the United States by February 2010. On 27 February 2002, the album earned Sade the Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album, and the lead single \"\"By Your Side\"\" was nominated for the 2002 Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. Although the single lost out to Nelly Furtado's \"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "398461", "chunk_text": "\"Fly Like an Eagle (song)\"\nFly Like an Eagle (song) \"\"Fly Like an Eagle\"\" is a song written by Steve Miller for the album of the same name. The song went to number 2 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart during the week of March 12, 1977, kept from the top spot by \"\"Evergreen (Love Theme from A Star Is Born)\"\" by Barbra Streisand. The single edit can be found on \"\"Greatest Hits (1974–1978)\"\". The song has an unusually mellow and \"\"dreamy\"\" feel. It is usually played in tandem with \"\"Space Intro\"\", but the song also segues into \"\"Wild Mountain Honey\"\". The band first performed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6507856", "chunk_text": "\"Bird on the Wire\"\nBird on the Wire \"\"Bird on the Wire\"\" is one of Leonard Cohen's signature songs. It was recorded 26 September 1968 in Nashville and included on his 1969 album \"\"Songs from a Room\"\". A May 1968 recording produced by David Crosby, titled \"\"Like a Bird\"\", was added to the 2007 remastered CD. Judy Collins was the first to release the song on her 1968 album \"\"Who Knows Where the Time Goes\"\". In the 1960s, Cohen lived on the Greek island Hydra with his girlfriend Marianne Ihlen, the woman depicted on the back cover of \"\"Songs from a Room\"\". She has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2807260", "chunk_text": "\"I Am a Bird Now\"\nfollowing people contributed to \"\"I Am a Bird Now:\"\" !scope=\"\"row\"\"\|Worldwide I Am a Bird Now I Am a Bird Now is the second album by New York City band Antony and the Johnsons. It won the Mercury Prize on September 6, 2005. After winning the prize, the album shot up the UK albums chart from #135 to #16 in one week, the biggest jump in the history of the Mercury Music Prize. As of September 2011, UK sales stand at 220,000 copies. The album features guest appearances by Rufus Wainwright (\"\"What Can I Do?\"\"), Devendra Banhart, Joan Wasser and by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1697713", "chunk_text": "\"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings\"\nin My Name\"\" (1974), \"\"Singin' and Swingin' and Gettin' Merry Like Christmas\"\" (1976), \"\"The Heart of a Woman\"\" (1981), \"\"All God's Children Need Traveling Shoes\"\" (1986), \"\"A Song Flung Up to Heaven\"\" (2002), and \"\"Mom & Me & Mom\"\" (2013, at the age of 85). Critics have often judged Angelou's later autobiographies \"\"in light of the first\"\", and \"\"Caged Bird\"\" generally receives the highest praise. Beginning with \"\"Caged Bird\"\", Angelou used the same \"\"writing ritual\"\" for many years. She would get up at five in the morning and check into a hotel room, where the staff were instructed to remove", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20071414", "chunk_text": "\"Fly Like a Bird\"\nwas commissioned to mainstream channels. Carey performed the song on several high-profile industry events, including the 48th annual Grammy Awards, the \"\"Shelter from the Storm: A Concert for the Gulf Coast\"\" concert charity benefit, and Idol Gives Back. Additionally, Carey included the song on the set-lists for all her succeeding tours since its release. Following record-breaking success throughout the 1990s, Carey departed from Columbia Records after the release of \"\"Rainbow\"\" (1999). Almost a year later, she signed an unprecedented $100 million five-album record contract with Virgin Records, and began work on a film and soundtrack project titled \"\"Glitter\"\". Prior to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5125154", "chunk_text": "\"Hey, Man!\"\n\"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\" and \"\"Get Ur Freak On (Remix)\"\". Hey, Man! \"\"Hey, Man!\"\" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Nelly Furtado, produced by Gerald Eaton and Brian West for Furtado's debut album, \"\"Whoa, Nelly!\"\". The song was released as the album's fourth (and final) single in some European countries, but it charted only in Germany, where it reached number forty-nine, Netherlands, where it reached number eighty-seven, and Romania, where it reached number sixty-five. \"\"Hey, Man!\"\" samples \"\"White Man Sleeps\"\" from the Kronos Quartet's album \"\"Pieces of Africa\"\". Furtado described the song as: \"\"a big pop song and kind of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20071415", "chunk_text": "\"Fly Like a Bird\"\nits release on September 11, 2001, Carey suffered an \"\"emotional and physical breakdown\"\", and was subsequently hospitalized over a period of several weeks. \"\"Glitter\"\" became a box-office bomb, earning less than eight million dollars, and receiving scathing reviews. The soundtrack, while faring slightly better, failed to reach the critical or commercial heights of Carey's previous releases, and eventually lead to the annulment of her record contract with Virgin. Following the events, as well as the release of Carey's succeeding album, \"\"Charmbracelet\"\" (2002), she began working on new material for \"\"The Emancipation of Mimi\"\" (2005). Aside from the dance-influenced tracks and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1944934", "chunk_text": "\"Song Bird\"\nEve. We Have Love for You was also sampled upon the 2006 track Auf Diesem Weg by Curse. Song Bird Song Bird is the sophomore studio album of singer Deniece Williams released on October 28, 1977 by Columbia Records. The album rose to No. 23 on the Billboard Top R&B Albums chart. The album cut \"\"Baby, Baby My Love's All for You\"\" rose to nos. 13 & 32 upon the Billboard Hot R&B Songs and UK singles charts respectively. Williams went on to perform the album cut God Is Amazing at the 1984 Grammy Awards. As well the album cut", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19943843", "chunk_text": "\"Bird (singer)\"\nShinichi Osawa, better known as Mondo Grosso. In 1998, Kitayama was featured in Zeebra's \"\"Mirai e no Kagi (Osawa's Realized Mix)\"\" released in the mini-album \"\"The Rhyme Animal Remix EP.1.\"\" She came up with the alias bird around this time, because her head resembled a bird's nest during her debut. Moreover, she expressed that she wanted her music to echo the song of small birds. On March 20, 1999, she released her first single \"\"Souls\"\" on Osawa's label RealEyes. In July of the same year, bird released her first eponymously titled album on the Sony Music Japan label, which sold", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13722489", "chunk_text": "\"Fiona Sit\"\nand was classified gold. Its success resulted in the release of \"\"Funnygirl (2nd Edition)\"\", which included a DVD with her music videos, including the No. 1 single \"\"A Boy Like You\"\". Her third album, \"\"Me\"\", was another CD+DVD combination released on 23 December 2005. It included No. 1 songs \"\"There is a bird\"\" and \"\"Finding Unicorn\"\", and the song \"\"Love\"\", which was featured in the film \"\"Embrace Your Shadow\"\", which Sit starred in. The DVD was a live concert footage of her \"\"903 Fiona 0811\"\" performance, which was her debut concert held in HITEC on 29 December 2005. In the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19996124", "chunk_text": "\"Lauren Shera\"\nNovember 30, 2006, at age 18. Along with its release she began to tour nationally and expand her audience from the Northern California coffee house base that she had developed. Shera’s most recent project, \"\"Once I Was A Bird,\"\" produced by Andy Zenczak at Gadgetbox Studios in Santa Cruz, was released on June 7, 2011. The album received critical acclaim from outlets such as My Old Kentucky Blog, who called Shera \"\"A major talent lying in wait.\"\" Magnet Magazine said \"\"You might not know Shera now, but trust us, that is about to change” and American Songwriter called her a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18540249", "chunk_text": "\"Asha Bhosle\"\n64. She also recorded the song \"\"The Way you Dream\"\" (One Giant Leap,) with Michael Stipe that was used in the English movie, \"\"Bulletproof Monk\"\". The song was also released on the album \"\"1 Giant Leap\"\" for 2002. In 1997, the British band Cornershop paid tribute to Asha with their song \"\"Brimful of Asha,\"\" an international hit which was later remixed by Fatboy Slim. In 2001, the CD single of Nelly Furtado's \"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\" included a \"\"Nellie vs. Asha Remix\"\" created by Digital Cutup Lounge. In 2003, British opera pop singer Sarah Brightman sampled her song \"\"Dil Cheez", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11596494", "chunk_text": "\"This Little Bird (album)\"\nwith cover versions of: Joni Mitchell's \"\"A Case of You\"\"; John Sebastian of The Lovin' Spoonful's \"\"Darling Be Home Soon\"\"; and Ronnie Shannon's \"\"I Never Loved a Man (The Way I Love You)\"\" (Aretha Franklin's break-out song in 1967). On \"\"This Little Bird\"\", Allison Crowe, always in creative control of her recordings, for the first time took on the role of primary engineer and producer. This Little Bird (album) This Little Bird is the fourth studio album by Allison Crowe to be released on her independent label, Rubenesque Records Ltd. Overall, it's the fifth album release from the Canadian singer-songwriter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12854086", "chunk_text": "\"Morris Day\"\nthe 80s. He appeared opposite James Avery and Matthew Stewart in a pilot called Heart & Soul. Morris Day will provide the singing voice of J.J. in \"\"The Angry Birds Movie 2\"\" (2019). From 1986 to 1987, WWF wrestler \"\"Birdman\"\" Koko B. Ware first used \"\"The Bird\"\" as his entrance theme. He appeared with The Time at the end of the movie \"\"Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back\"\" and was referred to as the main characters' favorite band. In 1994, Day was featured on and provided the chorus and accompanying vocals for rapper K-Dee's song \"\"Gigolos Get Lonely Too\"\" from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8993940", "chunk_text": "\"Rare Bird\"\nFrance, sold 500,000 copies in France and over one million globally. It became their only UK hit single, reaching No. 27 and staying on the chart for 8 weeks. A 1970 cover version of the track by The Family Dogg reached number two in the Netherlands. The song returned to the UK chart in 1992 when a version by Marillion reached No. 17. In 2001, the track was sampled by Faithless in their song \"\"Not Enuff Love\"\", named after a chorus line in \"\"Sympathy\"\". The first album released by \"\"Lunch\"\" in 1969 was called \"\"Rare Bird\"\", which now also became", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13018988", "chunk_text": "\"Free as a Bird\"\nFree as a Bird \"\"Free as a Bird\"\" is a song originally composed and recorded in 1977 as a home demo by John Lennon. In 1995, a studio version of the recording, incorporating contributions from Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, was released as a single by the Beatles. It was released 25 years after the break-up of the band and 15 years after the death of Lennon. The single was released as part of the promotion for \"\"The Beatles Anthology\"\" video documentary and the band's \"\"Anthology 1\"\" compilation album. For the \"\"Anthology\"\" project, McCartney asked Lennon's widow Yoko", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5187040", "chunk_text": "\"Promiscuous (song)\"\nyear-end chart and number forty-four on the decade-end chart. As of August 2009, the song has so far sold over 2,504,000 digital downloads in the United States. Outside North America, \"\"Promicuous\"\" performed well. The song debuted at number five on the Australian ARIA Charts and peaked at number two in its third week. It was her first top five hit since \"\"I'm Like a Bird\"\" (2000) and was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) for the sales of 70,000 digital copies. \"\"Promiscuous\"\" debuted at #33 on the New Zealand Top 40 on 10 July 2006. It topped", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9633968", "chunk_text": "\"Such a Gorgeous Kid Like Me\"\nSuch a Gorgeous Kid Like Me Such a Gorgeous Kid Like Me () also known as A Gorgeous Bird Like Me, is a 1972 French film directed by François Truffaut, starring Bernadette Lafont. It is based on Henry Farrell's 1967 novel of the same name. Stanislas Previne is a young sociologist, preparing a thesis on criminal women. He meets Camille Bliss in prison to interview her. Camille is accused of having murdered her lover Arthur and her father. She tells Stanislas about her life and her love affairs. Stanislas, much to the frustration of his secretary, who also has a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2008569", "chunk_text": "\"Friend Like Me\"\nFriend Like Me \"\"Friend Like Me\"\" is a song from the 1992 Disney film \"\"Aladdin\"\". It was performed by Robin Williams in his role as the Genie. The song was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 65th Academy Awards and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song at the 50th Golden Globe Awards in 1993. The song was originally designed as a Cab Calloway-style big band number. After Robin Williams was cast, it was retooled as a more comedic, pop-culture-filled song. ScreenCrush explains that remnants of the previous version of the film can be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20532228", "chunk_text": "\"A Woman Like Me (song)\"\nA Woman Like Me (song) \"\"A Woman Like Me\"\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Beyoncé, originally written for and performed in the 2006 film \"\"The Pink Panther\"\". It was written by Charmelle Cofield, Ron \"\"AMEN-RA\"\" Lawrence, and Beyoncé and produced by the latter two. It was recorded using multitrack recording where Beyoncé harmonized with herself several times over. \"\"A Woman Like Me\"\" is a moderate R&B song which samples the horn arrangement from Simon Haseley's \"\"Hammerhead\"\". A performance video of the song appeared shortly on the film and the whole performance was included on the film's DVD.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10244659", "chunk_text": "\"A Lot Like Birds\"\nand continues the theme of the group's lyrical focus and use of spoken word in their music. The songs of \"\"No Place\"\" shine a spotlight on what constitutes a home and the emotional attachments or lack thereof within various rooms of a house. An animated music video for the song \"\"Connector\"\" was released on January 9, 2014. The band announced on February 28, 2015 that bassist Michael Littlefield had left the band. On June 26, 2015, the band announced Matt Coate as their new bassist while on tour, and guitarist Michael Franzino released a debut full-length studio album for his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13970401", "chunk_text": "\"Freak like Me\"\nFreak like Me \"\"Freak Like Me\"\" is the debut single by American R&B singer Adina Howard. It was released on January 25, 1995 as the lead single from her debut album, \"\"Do You Wanna Ride?\"\". It reached number two on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 for two weeks, as well as number two on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot R&B Singles chart for four weeks, behind \"\"This Is How We Do It\"\" by Montell Jordan in both cases, and was certified platinum by the RIAA for sales of one million copies. The song's drum beat is sampled from Sly & the Family Stone's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5384744", "chunk_text": "\"Such a Gorgeous Kid Like Me\"\nthat Stanislas discovered her to truly be. Such a Gorgeous Kid Like Me Such a Gorgeous Kid Like Me () also known as A Gorgeous Bird Like Me, is a 1972 French film directed by François Truffaut, starring Bernadette Lafont. It is based on Henry Farrell's 1967 novel of the same name. Stanislas Previne is a young sociologist, preparing a thesis on criminal women. He meets Camille Bliss in prison to interview her. Camille is accused of having murdered her lover Arthur and her father. She tells Stanislas about her life and her love affairs. Stanislas, much to the frustration", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1584190", "chunk_text": "\"Fly Like Me\"\nFly Like Me \"\"Fly Like Me\"\" is a song by American rapper Chingy. It is the first single from his fourth album \"\"Hate It or Love It\"\" (2007). It features singer Amerie and has, in Chingy's words, a \"\"mainstream feel\"\" similar to that of the 2005 single \"\"Pimpin' All Over the World\"\" by rapper Ludacris, who was originally to have been featured on the song alongside singer Rihanna. The song was released on November 13, 2007 but was a commercial failure as it stalled at number 89 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, however it went to number 40 on the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20844147", "chunk_text": "\"The Bird on My Head\"\nThe Bird on My Head \"\"The Bird on My Head\"\" is a 1958 novelty song by Ross Bagdasarian Sr.. It was the second novelty song to be recorded under the stage name \"\"David Seville\"\" (after seven straight songs beginning with \"\"Armen's Theme\"\"), as well as the last song to be recorded before the creation of Alvin and the Chipmunks. Like Seville's first novelty song, \"\"Witch Doctor\"\", the song has a sped-up voice (albeit slightly slower than the one Seville used for \"\"Witch Doctor\"\"). Although both songs have the same sped-up voices, \"\"The Bird on My Head\"\" did not achieve the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8303854", "chunk_text": "\"Boy Like Me\"\nBoy Like Me \"\"Boy Like Me\"\" is a song written by Jerry Flowers, originally one-third of the American band The Ranch, and recorded by American country artist Jessica Harp as the first single to her debut album, \"\"A Woman Needs\"\". \"\"Boy Like Me\"\" was released as a digital download on February 10, 2009 and was released as a single to country radio on March 9, 2009. This is Harp's first solo single release, and her first release since The Wreckers, a country duo consisting of Harp and Michelle Branch, was placed on hold in favor of solo careers for both", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3397	who was the aztec ruler when the spanish arrived?	n/a	[ "Moctezuma II", "emperor Cuauhtemoc" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8631748", "chunk_text": "\"Hernán Cortés\"\nHernán Cortés Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro Altamirano, Marquis of the Valley of Oaxaca (; ; 1485 – December 2, 1547) was a Spanish \"\"Conquistador\"\" who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of what is now mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century. Cortés was part of the generation of Spanish colonizers who began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas. Born in Medellín, Spain, to a family of lesser nobility, Cortés chose to pursue adventure and riches in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11888701", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nTlaxcalteca and Texcocans, a former partner in the Aztec Triple Alliance. Other city-states also joined, including and polities bordering Lake Texcoco, the inland lake system of the Valley of Mexico. Particularly important to the Spanish success was a multilingual (Nahuatl, a Maya dialect, and Spanish) indigenous slave woman, known to the Spanish conquistadors as Doña Marina, and generally as La Malinche. After eight months of battles and negotiations, which overcame the diplomatic resistance of the Aztec Emperor Moctezuma II to his visit, Cortés arrived in Tenochtitlan on November 8, 1519, where he took up residence with fellow Spaniards and their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12369057", "chunk_text": "Aztecs\nAfter a rebellion in the towns of Alahuiztlan and Oztoticpac in Northern Guerrero he ordered the entire population executed, and repopulated with people from the valley of Mexico. He also constructed a fortified garrison at Oztuma defending the border against the Tarascan state. Moctezuma II Xocoyotzin is known to world history as the Aztec ruler when the Spanish invaders and their indigenous allies began their conquest of the empire in a two-year-long campaign (1519–1521). His early rule did not hint at his future fame. He succeeded to the rulership after the death of Ahuitzotl. Moctezuma Xocoyotzin ( \"\"He frowns like", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1293716", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Aztecs\"\nHistory of the Aztecs The Aztecs were a Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican people of central Mexico in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries. They called themselves Mexicah (pronounced [meˈʃikaʔ]). The capital of the Aztec Empire was Tenochtitlan. During the empire, the city was built on a raised island in Lake Angels. Modern-day Mexico City was constructed on the ruins of Tenochtitlan. The Spanish colonisation of the Americas reached the mainland during the reign of Hueyi Tlatoani Moctezuma II (Montezuma II). In 1521, Hernán Cortés, along with an allied army of other Native Americans, conquered the Aztecs through germ warfare (germ theory not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13676707", "chunk_text": "Aztecs\nnobles by the Spanish crown. Nobles acted as intermediaries to convey tribute and mobilize labor for their new overlords, facilitating the establishment of Spanish colonial rule. Aztec culture and history is primarily known through archaeological evidence found in excavations such as that of the renowned Templo Mayor in Mexico City; from indigenous writings; from eyewitness accounts by Spanish conquistadors such as Cortés and Bernal Díaz del Castillo; and especially from 16th- and 17th-century descriptions of Aztec culture and history written by Spanish clergymen and literate Aztecs in the Spanish or Nahuatl language, such as the famous illustrated, bilingual (Spanish and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8217558", "chunk_text": "Mexico\nde las Banderas. The Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire began in February 1519 when Hernán Cortés arrived at the port in Veracruz with ca. 500 conquistadores. After taking control of that city, he moved on to the Aztec capital. In his search for gold and other riches, Cortés decided to invade and conquer the Aztec empire. When the Spaniards arrived, the ruler of the Aztec empire was Moctezuma II, who was later killed. His successor and brother Cuitláhuac took control of the Aztec empire, but was among the first to fall from the first smallpox epidemic in the area", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599627", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nCourts. Cortés was able to pacify the country, after the indigenous realized the Spaniards put \"\"an end to the rape and robbery that the Mexicans practised.\"\" Finally, Xicotencatl the Elder, baptized as Don Lorenzo de Vargas, agreed to support Cortés's expedition against Texcoco. According to Bernal Diaz, he sent more than ten thousand warriors under the command of Chichimecatecle as Cortés marched on the day after Christmas 1520. The Aztecs were struck by a smallpox plague starting in September 1520, which lasted seventy days. Many were killed, including their new leader, the Emperor Cuitlahuac. The joint forces of Tlaxcala and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14150902", "chunk_text": "\"Francisco de Aguilar (conquistador)\"\nFrancisco de Aguilar (conquistador) Francisco de Aguilar (1479 — 1571?), born Alonso de Aguilar, was a Spanish conquistador who took part in the expedition led by Hernán Cortés that resulted in the conquest of the Aztec Empire and the fall of Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztec state in the central Mexican plateau. He was granted an \"\"encomienda\"\" after the conquest, but in 1529, eight years after the fall of Tenochtitlan, he gave up his \"\"encomienda\"\" and entered the Dominican Order, adopting the name \"\"Francisco\"\". Aguilar spent the remaining 40 years of his life as a Dominican friar. According to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13676705", "chunk_text": "Aztecs\ncommunication and trade between outlying polities, making them dependent on the imperial center for the acquisition of luxury goods. The political clout of the empire reached far south into Mesoamerica conquering polities as far south as Chiapas and Guatemala and spanning Mesoamerica from the Pacific to the Atlantic oceans. The empire reached its maximal extent in 1519, just prior to the arrival of a small group of Spanish conquistadors led by Hernán Cortés. Cortés allied with city-states opposed to the Mexica, particularly the Nahuatl-speaking Tlaxcalteca as well as other central Mexican polities, including Texcoco, its former ally in the Triple", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15377566", "chunk_text": "Ahuitzotl\nhis name from the animal ahuizotl, which the Aztecs considered to be a legendary creature in its own right rather than a mere mythical representation of the king. In the historical fiction novel, \"\"Aztec\"\" by Gary Jennings, Ahuitzotl is a prominent character. Set in the time just before the arrival of the Spanish Conquistadors, it accounts his construction of the many expansions of Tenochtitlan, and wars of conquest,trade, and proclivities. Ahuitzotl Ahuitzotl (, ) was the eighth Aztec ruler, the \"\"Hueyi Tlatoani\"\" of the city of Tenochtitlan, son of princess Atotoztli II. He was responsible for much of the expansion", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599570", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nseldom used, because they tend to reflect the views of a particular native group, such as the Tlaxcalans. Indigenous accounts were written in pictographs as early as 1525. Later accounts were written in the native tongue of the Aztec and other native peoples of central Mexico, Nahuatl. It is also important to note that the native texts of the defeated Mexica narrating their version of the conquest described eight omens that were believed to have occurred nine years prior to the arrival of the Spanish from the Gulf of Mexico. In 1510, Aztec Emperor Moctezuma II was visited by Nezahualpilli,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11888699", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nAztecs, and most especially the Aztecs' indigenous enemies and rivals. They combined forces to defeat the Mexica of Tenochtitlan over a two-year period. For the Spanish, the expedition to Mexico was part of a project of Spanish colonization of the New World after twenty-five years of permanent Spanish settlement and further exploration in the Caribbean. The Spanish made landfall in Mexico in 1517. A Spanish settler in Cuba, Hernán Cortés, led an expedition (\"\"entrada\"\") to Mexico, landing in February 1519, following an earlier expedition led by Juan de Grijalva to Yucatán in 1517. Two years later Cortés and his retinue", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1124124", "chunk_text": "Tenochtitlan\none time, Moctezuma had rule over an empire of almost five million people in central and southern Mexico because he had extended his rule to surrounding territories to gain tribute and prisoners to sacrifice to the gods. When Cortés and his men arrived in Tenochtitlan, Moctezuma II, who precariously ruled over a large empire, chose to welcome Cortés as an honored guest, rather than risk a war which might quickly be joined by aggrieved indigenous people. Moctezuma may have feared that Cortés was the returning god Quetzalcoatl, because the Spanish arrival coincided with the close of an Aztec calendar cycle", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599616", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nthe command of the headstrong Pedro de Alvarado to guard Moctezuma, Cortés set out against De Narváez, who had advanced onto Cempoala. Cortés surprised his antagonist with a night attack, during which his men wounded Narváez in the eye and took him prisoner. After Cortés permitted the defeated soldiers to settle in the country, they \"\"passed with more or less willingness to Cortés' side.\"\" Hernán Cortés gained their support when he \"\"promised to make them rich and give them commands [rewards].\"\" Cortes then made a rapid return to Tenochtitlan, to relieve the besieged Alvarado and the other invaders. Cortés led", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599585", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nused by Mexicans to denote one who apes the language and customs of another country. It would not be until the late 20th century that a few feminist writers and academics would attempt to rehabilitate La Malinche as a woman who made the best of her situation and became, in many respects a powerful woman. Cortés landed his expedition force on the coast of the modern day state of Veracruz in April 1519. During this same period, soon after he arrived, Cortés was welcomed by representatives of the Aztec Emperor, Moctezuma II. Gifts were exchanged, and Cortés attempted to frighten", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12369060", "chunk_text": "Aztecs\narrivals. In 1519, he was informed of the arrival of the Spanish fleet of Hernán Cortés, who soon marched towards Tlaxcala where he formed an alliance with the traditional enemies of the Aztecs. On November 8, 1519, Motecuzoma II received Cortés and his troops and Tlaxcalan allies on the causeway south of Tenochtitlan, and he invited the Spaniards to stay as his guests in Tenochtitlan. When Aztec troops destroyed a Spanish camp on the gulf coast, Cortés ordered Motecuzoma to execute the commanders responsible for the attack, and Motecuzoma complied. At this point, the power balance had shifted towards the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599615", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nas their lives were at risk. Many of the nobility rallied around Cuitláhuac, the brother of Moctezuma and his heir-apparent; however, most of them could take no overt action against the Spanish unless the order was given by the Emperor. In April 1520, Cortés was told by Moctezuma, that a much larger party of Spanish troops, consisting of nineteen ships and fourteen hundred soldiers under the command of Pánfilo de Narváez, had arrived. Pánfilo de Narváez had been sent by Governor Velázquez from Cuba to kill or capture Cortés, who had defied Velazquez's orders. Leaving his \"\"least reliable soldiers\"\" under", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1293733", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Aztecs\"\nwould eventually break the alliance, but not until decades later. History of the Aztecs The Aztecs were a Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican people of central Mexico in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries. They called themselves Mexicah (pronounced [meˈʃikaʔ]). The capital of the Aztec Empire was Tenochtitlan. During the empire, the city was built on a raised island in Lake Angels. Modern-day Mexico City was constructed on the ruins of Tenochtitlan. The Spanish colonisation of the Americas reached the mainland during the reign of Hueyi Tlatoani Moctezuma II (Montezuma II). In 1521, Hernán Cortés, along with an allied army of other Native", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13676706", "chunk_text": "Aztecs\nAlliance. After the fall of Tenochtitlan on August 13, 1521 and the capture of the emperor Cuauhtemoc, the Spanish founded Mexico City on the ruins of Tenochtitlan. From there they proceeded with the process of conquest and incorporation of Mesoamerican peoples into the Spanish Empire. With the destruction of the superstructure of the Aztec Empire in 1521, the Spanish utilized the city-states on which the Aztec Empire had been built, to rule the indigenous populations via their local nobles. Those nobles pledged loyalty to the Spanish crown and converted, at least nominally, to Christianity, and in return were recognized as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8447267", "chunk_text": "\"Fall of Tenochtitlan\"\nFall of Tenochtitlan The Siege of Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztec Empire, was a decisive event in the Spanish conquest of Mexico. It occurred in 1521 following extensive manipulation of local factions and exploitation of preexisting divisions by Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés, who was aided by the support of his indigenous allies and his interpreter and companion La Malinche. Although numerous battles were fought between the Aztec Empire and the Spanish-led coalition, which was itself composed primarily of indigenous (mostly Tlaxcaltec) personnel, it was the siege of Tenochtitlan—its outcome probably largely determined by the effects of a smallpox epidemic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11888719", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nthe second voyage of Christopher Columbus. There were further Spanish explorations and settlements in the Caribbean and the Spanish Main, seeking wealth in the form of gold and access to indigenous labor to mine gold and other manual labor. Twenty-five years after the first Spanish settlement in the New World, expeditions of exploration were sent to the coast of Mexico. In 1517, Cuban governor Diego Velázquez commissioned a fleet of three ships under the command of Hernández de Córdoba to sail west and explore the Yucatán peninsula. Córdoba reached the coast of Yucatán. The Mayans at Cape Catoche invited the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11888700", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nset sail, thus beginning the expedition of exploration and conquest. The Spanish campaign against the Aztec Empire had its final victory on August 13, 1521, when a coalition army of Spanish forces and native Tlaxcalan warriors led by Cortés and Xicotencatl the Younger captured the emperor Cuauhtemoc and Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztec Empire. The fall of Tenochtitlan marks the beginning of Spanish rule in central Mexico, and they established their capital of Mexico City on the ruins of Tenochtitlan. Cortés made alliances with tributaries city-states (\"\"altepetl\"\") of the Aztec Empire as well as their political rivals, particularly the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599587", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nlegal mechanism to free himself from Diego Columbus' authority in Cuba. In being named \"\"adelantado\"\" by a duly constituted cabildo, Cortés was able to free himself from Velásquez's authority and continue his expedition. To ensure the legality of this action, several members of his expedition, including Francisco Montejo and Alonso Hernandez Puertocarrero, returned to Spain to seek acceptance of the cabildo's declaration with King Charles. Cortés learned of an indigenous settlement called Cempoala and marched his forces there. On their arrival in Cempoala, they were greeted by 20 dignitaries and cheering townsfolk. Cortés quickly persuaded the Totonac chiefs to rebel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1293731", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Aztecs\"\nexiled god, Quetzlcoatl, who was supposed to return pale and bearded. The Aztecs were conquered by Spain in 1521 after a long siege of the capital, Tenochtitlan, where much of the population died from hunger and smallpox. Cortés, with 508 Spaniards, did not fight alone but with as many as 150,000 or 200,000 allies from Tlaxcala, and eventually other Aztec tributary states. It was not difficult for Cortes to find allies to fight with him, the Aztecs were not generally liked by the neighbouring city-states. Cuauhtémoc, the last \"\"Hueyi Tlatoani\"\" surrendered to Cortés on August 13, 1521. It took nearly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599608", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nyou would come here. Come to the land, come and rest: take possession of your royal houses, give food to your body.\"\"\"\" Moctezuma had the royal palace of Axayácatl, Moctezuma's father, prepared for Cortés. On the same day that the Spanish expedition and their allies entered Tenochtitlan, Moctezuma came to visit Cortés and his men. What happened in this second meeting remains controversial. According to several Spanish versions, some written years or decades later, Moctezuma first repeated his earlier, flowery welcome to Cortés on the Great Causeway, but then went on to explain his view of what the Spanish expedition", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599635", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nand thus launch the Mixton War. In 1540, the Chichimecas fortified Mixtón, Nochistlán, and other mountain towns then besieged the Spanish settlement in Guadalajara. The famous conquistador Pedro de Alvarado, coming to the aid of acting governor Cristóbal de Oñate, led an attack on Nochistlán. However, the Chichimecas counter-attacked and Alvarado's forces were routed. Under the leadership of Viceroy Don Antonio de Mendoza, the Spanish forces and their Indian allies ultimately succeeded in recapturing the towns and suppressing resistance. However, fighting did not completely come to a halt in the ensuing years. In 1546, Spanish authorities discovered silver in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599555", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nindigenous allies. When news reached Cortés of the death of several of his men during the Aztec attack on the Totonacs in Veracruz, he took Moctezuma captive, along with Cuitláhuac, his kinsman. Capturing the cacique or indigenous ruler was standard operating procedure for Spaniards in their expansion in the Caribbean, so capturing Moctezuma had considerable precedent, which might well have included those in Spain during the Christian reconquest of territory held by Muslims. When Cortés left Tenochtitlan to return to the coast and deal with the expedition of Pánfilo de Narváez, sent to rein in Cortés's expedition that had exceeded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11888718", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\ngreat king in another land. Because the Spaniards arrived in 1519, Moctezuma knew this was the year of Ce Acatl, which is the year Quetzalcoatl was promised to return. Previously, during Juan de Grijalva's expedition, Moctezuma believed that those men were heralds of Quetzalcoatl, as Moctezuma, as well as everyone else in the Aztec Empire, were to believe that eventually Quetzalcoatl will return. Moctezuma even had glass beads that were left behind by Grijalva brought to Tenochtitlan and they were regarded as sacred religious relics. The Spanish had established a permanent settlement on the island of Hispaniola in 1493 on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13936793", "chunk_text": "\"Mexico City\"\nand the Pacific Ocean. After landing in Veracruz, Spanish explorer Hernán Cortés advanced upon Tenochtitlan with the aid of many of the other native peoples, arriving there on November 8, 1519. Cortés and his men marched along the causeway leading into the city from Iztapalapa, and the city's ruler, Moctezuma II, greeted the Spaniards; they exchanged gifts, but the camaraderie did not last long. Cortés put Moctezuma under house arrest, hoping to rule through him. Tensions increased until, on the night of June 30, 1520 – during a struggle known as \"\"La Noche Triste\"\" – the Aztecs rose up against", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12589493", "chunk_text": "\"La Malinche\"\nLa Malinche La Malinche (; c. 1496 or c. 1501 – c. 1529), known also as Malinalli , Malintzin or Doña Marina , was a Nahua woman from the Mexican Gulf Coast, who played a key role in the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, acting as an interpreter, advisor, and intermediary for the Spanish conquistador, Hernán Cortés. She was one of 20 women slaves given to the Spaniards by the natives of Tabasco in 1519. Later, she gave birth to Cortés's first son, Martín, who is considered one of the first Mestizos (people of mixed European and indigenous American", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599619", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\ngreed) where no immediate threat existed. In any event, the population of the city rose \"\"en masse\"\" after the Spanish attack, which the Spanish did not expect. Fierce fighting ensued, and the Aztec troops besieged the palace housing the Spaniards and Moctezuma. Alvarado and the rest of the Spanish were held hostage by the Aztecs for a month. The nobility of Tenochtitlan chose Cuitláhuac as Huey Tlatoani (Emperor). Cortés ordered Moctezuma to speak to his people from a palace balcony and persuade them to let the Spanish return to the coast in peace. Moctezuma was jeered and stones were thrown", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4848806", "chunk_text": "\"Moctezuma II\"\nMoctezuma II Moctezuma II (c. 1466 – 29 June 1520), variant spellings include Montezuma, Moteuczoma, Motecuhzoma, Motēuczōmah, Muteczuma, and referred to in full by early Nahuatl texts as Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin (\"\"Moctezuma the Younger\"\", ), was the ninth \"\"tlatoani\"\" or ruler of Tenochtitlan, reigning from 1502 to 1520. The first contact between indigenous civilizations of Mesoamerica and Europeans took place during his reign, and he was killed during the initial stages of the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, when conquistador Hernán Cortés and his men fought to escape from the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan. During his reign the Aztec Empire reached", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17291573", "chunk_text": "\"New Spain\"\nthe viceroyalty and gave way to the Mexican Empire, in which finally Agustín de Iturbide would be crowned. The Kingdom of New Spain was established following the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521 as a New World kingdom dependent on the Crown of Castile, since the initial funds for exploration came from Queen Isabella. Although New Spain was a dependency of Spain, it was a kingdom not a colony, subject to the presiding monarch on the Iberian Peninsula. The monarch had sweeping power in the overseas territories,The king possessed not only the sovereign right but the property rights;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11888698", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nSpanish conquest of the Aztec Empire The Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, or the Spanish–Aztec War (1519–21), was the conquest of the Aztec Empire by the Spanish Empire within the context of the Spanish colonization of the Americas. It was one of the most significant and complex events in world history. There are multiple 16th-century narratives of the events by Spanish conquerors, their indigenous allies and the defeated Aztecs. It was not solely a contest between a small contingent of Spaniards defeating the Aztec Empire but rather the creation of a coalition of Spanish invaders with tributaries to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599639", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nCortés and was later confirmed officially by Mendoza. The Aztec Empire ceased to exist with the Spanish final conquest of Tenochtitlan in August 1521. The empire had been composed of separate city-states that had either allied with or been conquered by the Mexica of Tenochtitlan, and rendered tribute to the Mexica while maintaining their internal ruling structures. Those polities now came under Spanish rule, also retaining their internal structures of ruling elites, tribute paying commoners, and land holding and other economic structures largely intact. Two key works by historian Charles Gibson, \"\"Tlaxcala in the Sixteenth Century\"\" (1952) and his monograph", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16334505", "chunk_text": "Aztecs\nagainst the Spanish invaders and their indigenous allies. He ruled only 80 days, perhaps dying in the smallpox epidemic, although early sources do not give the cause. He was succeeded by Cuauhtémoc, the last independent Mexica \"\"tlatoani\"\", who continued the fierce defense of Tenochtitlan. After the siege and complete destruction of the Aztec capital, he was captured on 13 August 1521, and marked the start of Spanish hegemony in central Mexico. Spaniards held Cuauhtémoc captive until he was tortured and executed on the orders of Cortés, supposedly for treason, during an ill-fated expedition to Honduras in 1525. His death marked", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599605", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nqueen, Doña Juana of Castile, and her son, King Carlos I of Castile and Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, all Spanish royalty, had then made an appearance. Sahagún reports that Moctezuma welcomed Cortés to Tenochtitlan on the Great Causeway, Xolac. \"\"The chiefs who accompanied Moctcuhzoma were: Cacama, king of Texcoco (altepetl); Tetlepanquetzaltin, king of Tlacopan, Itzcuauhtzin the Tlacochcalcatl, lord of Tlatelolco (altepetl); and Topantemoc, Motechzoma's treasurer in Tlatelolco.\"\" Moctezuma and his chiefs were adorned with blazing gold on their shoulders with feathers and jewels. On the causeway where the two groups met, enormous numbers of people from Tenochtitlan watched the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7889247", "chunk_text": "Acamapichtli\nAcamapichtli Acamapichtli (, meaning \"\"Handful of reeds\"\") was the first \"\"tlatoani\"\", or ruler, of the Aztecs (or Mexica) of Tenochtitlan, and founder of the Aztec imperial dynasty. He became ruler in 1375 and reigned for 19 years. Acamapichtli was not a native of Tenochtitlan. Blood relationships between rulers were an important aspect of politics in 14th century Mexico, and as relative newcomers, the Mexicans were at a disadvantage. On the death of Tenoch in 1375, the elders of the Mexica \"\"calpultin\"\" decided to elect a \"\"tlatoani\"\" who could secure the fledgling city's position through ties to powerful groups in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599604", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nwas one of the largest in the world at that time, and the largest in the Americas up to that point. The most common estimates put the population at around 60,000 to over 300,000 people. If the population of Tenochtitlan was 250,000 in 1519, then Tenochtitlan would have been larger than every city in Europe except perhaps Naples and Constantinople, and four times the size of Seville. To the Aztecs, Tenochtitlan was the \"\"altar\"\" for the Empire, as well as being the city that Quetzalcoatl would eventually return to. Upon meeting, Hernan Cortés claimed to be the representative of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599569", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nrecorded by Franciscan Bernardino de Sahagún and Dominican Diego Durán in the mid to late sixteenth century, there are accounts of events that were interpreted as supernatural omens of the conquest. These two accounts are full-blown narratives from the viewpoint of the Spanish opponents. Most first-hand accounts about the conquest of the Aztec Empire were written by Spaniards: Hernán Cortés' letters to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and the first-person narrative of Bernal Díaz del Castillo, \"\"The True History of the Conquest of New Spain\"\". The primary sources from the native people affected as a result of the conquest are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13764444", "chunk_text": "\"Kingdom of New Spain\"\nKingdom of New Spain The Kingdom of New Spain was established following the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521 as a New World kingdom dependent on the crown of Castile, since the initial funds for exploration came from Queen Isabella of Castile. Although New Spain was a dependency of Castile, it was a kingdom itself not a colony, but subject to the monarch of Castile. The monarch had sweeping power in the overseas territories, The king possessed not only the sovereign right but the property rights; he was the absolute proprietor, the sole political head of his American", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11888722", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nsouthern Guatemalan highlands. The end of this latter campaign is generally marked by the downfall of the Maya state based at Tayasal in the Petén region, in 1697. Even before Juan de Grijalva returned to Spain, Velázquez decided to send a third and even larger expedition to explore the Mexican coast. Hernán Cortés, then one of Velázquez's favorites and brother-in-law, was named as the commander, which created envy and resentment among the Spanish contingent in the Spanish colony. Licenses for expeditions allowed the Crown to retain sovereignty over newly conquered lands while not risking its own assets in the enterprise.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3545738", "chunk_text": "Mexica\nMexica The Mexica (Nahuatl: \"\"Mēxihcah\"\", (singular \"\"Mēxihcatl\"\" ) or Mexicas were a Nahuatl-speaking indigenous people of the Valley of Mexico, known today as the rulers of the Aztec Empire. This group was also known as the Culhua-Mexica in recognition of its kinship alliance with the neighboring Culhua, descendants of the revered Toltecs, who occupied the Toltec capital of Tula from the tenth through twelfth centuries. The Mexica were additionally referred to as the \"\"Tenochca\"\", a term associated with the name of their \"\"altepetl\"\" (city-state), Tenochtitlan, and Tenochtitlan's founding leader, Tenoch. The Mexica established Mexico Tenochtitlan, a settlement on an island", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599607", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nit was his \"\"desire to serve.\"\" A fragment of the greetings of Moctezuma says: \"\"\"\"My lord, you have become fatigued, you have become tired: to the land you have arrived. You have come to your city: Mexico, here you have come to sit on your place, on your throne. Oh, it has been reserved to you for a small time, it was conserved by those who have gone, your substitutes... This is what has been told by our rulers, those of whom governed this city, ruled this city. That you would come to ask for your throne, your place, that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599632", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\ngold and Cortés' interest in the Tarascan state was awakened. In 1522 a Spanish force under the leadership of Cristobal de Olid was sent into Tarascan territory and arrived at Tzintzuntzan within days. The Tarascan army numbered many thousands, perhaps as many as 100,000, but at the crucial moment they chose not to fight. Tangáxuan submitted to the Spanish administration, but for his cooperation was allowed a large degree of autonomy. This resulted in a strange arrangement where both Cortés and Tangáxuan considered themselves rulers of Michoacán for the following years: the population of the area paid tribute to them", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11888720", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nSpanish to land, and the conquistadors read the Requirement of 1513 to them, which offered the natives the protection of the King of Spain, if they would submit to him. Córdoba took two prisoners, who adopted the baptized names of Melchor and Julián and became interpreters. Later, the two prisoners, being misled or misinterpreting the language with information given to the Spanish conquistadors that there was plenty of gold up for grabs. On the western side of the Yucatán Peninsula, the Spanish were attacked at night by Maya chief Mochcouoh, a battle in which fifty men were killed. Córdoba was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12369044", "chunk_text": "Aztecs\nand were subsequently transformed into alphabetic annals in Latin script. Well-known native chroniclers and annalists are Chimalpahin of Amecameca-Chalco; Fernando Alvarado Tezozomoc of Tenochtitlan; Alva Ixtlilxochitl of Texcoco, Juan Bautista Pomar of Texcoco, and Diego Muñoz Camargo of Tlaxcala. There are also many accounts by Spanish conquerors who participated in Spanish invasion, such as Bernal Díaz del Castillo who wrote a full history of the conquest. Spanish friars also produced documentation in chronicles and other types of accounts. Of key importance is Toribio de Benavente Motolinia, one of the first twelve Franciscans arriving in Mexico in 1524. Another Franciscan of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8599561", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nwritten by lead conqueror Hernán Cortés, who sent a series of letters to the Spanish monarch Charles V, giving a contemporary account of the conquest from his point of view, in which he justified his actions. These were almost immediately published in Spain and later in other parts of Europe. Much later, Spanish conqueror Bernal Díaz del Castillo, a well-seasoned participant in the conquest of Central Mexico, wrote what he called \"\"The True History of the Conquest of New Spain\"\", countering the account by Cortés's official biographer, Francisco López de Gómara. Bernal Díaz's account had begun as a \"\"benemérito\"\" petition", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11888723", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire\"\nAnyone willing to make a financial contribution could potentially gain even more wealth and power. Men who brought horses, \"\"caballeros\"\", received two shares of the spoils, one for military service, another because of the horse. Cortés invested a considerable part of his personal fortune and probably went into debt to borrow additional funds. Velázquez may have personally contributed nearly half the cost of the expedition. In an agreement signed on 23 October 1518, Governor Velázquez restricted the expedition led by Cortés to exploration and trade, so that conquest and settlement of the mainland might occur under his own command, once", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19174254", "chunk_text": "Aztecs\nafter the founding of the Mexica dynasty, the Mexica were a tributary of Azcapotzalco, which had become a major regional power under the ruler Tezozomoc. The Mexica supplied the Tepaneca with warriors for their successful conquest campaigns in the region and received part of the tribute from the conquered city states. In this way, the political standing and economy of Tenochtitlan gradually grew. In 1396, at Acamapichtli's death, his son Huitzilihhuitl ( \"\"Hummingbird feather\"\") became ruler; married to Tezozomoc's daughter, the relation with Azcapotzalco remained close. Chimalpopoca ( \"\"She smokes like a shield\"\"), son of Huitzilihhuitl, became ruler of Tenochtitlan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3398	who plays nikko in the wizard of oz?	n/a	[ "Patrick Walshe" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13555904", "chunk_text": "\"Pat Walshe\"\nPat Walshe Patrick Walshe (July 26, 1900 – December 11, 1991) was an American dwarf character actor and circus performer who specialized portraying animals (animal impersonating). He is best known for playing Nikko, the head of the Winged Monkeys in \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\". He appeared in only a few films, as most of his work was in theater, vaudeville and circus. Walshe was born as Patrick Walshe, on July 26, 1900, in New York City. Living his early years in Brooklyn, Walshe suffered from a form of restricted growth, and as a result never grew to be taller than", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12223688", "chunk_text": "\"Pat Walshe\"\nof his work, but was still well remembered for his appearance in the classic \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\". On December 11, 1991, in Los Angeles, Walshe died of a heart attack at the age of 91. At this time he was the last surviving credited cast member of \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\". His resting place is Westwood Memorial Park. Pat Walshe Patrick Walshe (July 26, 1900 – December 11, 1991) was an American dwarf character actor and circus performer who specialized portraying animals (animal impersonating). He is best known for playing Nikko, the head of the Winged Monkeys in \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13555914", "chunk_text": "\"Pat Walshe\"\nfeature film debut in \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\". Due to Walshe's recognition for novelty performances dressed as animals and his expressive movement, Walshe was awarded the role of Nikko, the head king of the Winged Monkeys. Unlike the other monkeys, Nikko was a credited role, serving as the Wicked Witch's (played by Margaret Hamilton) second in command and minion. Though Walshe had no spoken lines, performing his character through physical performance, he did receive an on-screen credit (which was rare for bit players at the time). Instead of the simple stage makeup that Walshe used in his shows, he had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5696118", "chunk_text": "\"Cailee Spaeny\"\nshe participated in many plays. In the 2013-2014 season, she landed the lead role of Dorothy in The Wizard of Oz. In 2016, she released her debut single \"\"Fallin\"\" to iTunes under Future Town Music. Cailee Spaeny Cailee Spaeny (; born July 24, 1997) is an American actress and singer. Her debut film role was as Erica in the 2016 short film \"\"Counting to 1000\"\". Her first major roles are in Steven S. DeKnight's 2018 science fiction monster film \"\"Pacific Rim Uprising\"\", alongside John Boyega and Scott Eastwood, and Drew Goddard's thriller \"\"Bad Times at the El Royale\"\". Her upcoming", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "112539", "chunk_text": "\"Mickey Carroll\"\nMickey Carroll Mickey Carroll (July 8, 1919 – May 7, 2009) was an American actor, who worked in radio and film, and was one of the last surviving actors who portrayed a munchkin in the 1939 film \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\". Born Michael Finocchiaro in St. Louis, Missouri, Carroll was the son of Italian immigrants. He was born along with a twin sister, who, unlike Carroll, was of average size. As a child Carroll began dance lessons at the Fox Theater in St. Louis. At 17 he was one of six bellhops in the 'Call for Phillip Morris' live radio", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10562671", "chunk_text": "\"Ernie Hudson\"\nErnie Hudson Earnest Lee \"\"Ernie\"\" Hudson (born December 17, 1945) is an American character actor. He has appeared in dozens of film and television roles throughout his career, but is perhaps best known for his roles as Winston Zeddemore in the \"\"Ghostbusters\"\" film series, Sergeant Darryl Albrecht in \"\"The Crow\"\" (1994), and Warden Leo Glynn on HBO's \"\"Oz\"\". Hudson has also acted in the films \"\"Leviathan\"\" (1989), \"\"The Hand That Rocks the Cradle\"\" (1992), \"\"Airheads\"\" (1994), \"\"The Basketball Diaries\"\" (1995), \"\"Congo\"\" (1995), and \"\"Miss Congeniality\"\" (2000). He had a cameo in the remake of \"\"Ghostbusters\"\" (2016). Hudson was born in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2339438", "chunk_text": "\"The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)\"\nThe Wizard of Oz (1939 film) The Wizard of Oz is a 1939 American musical fantasy film produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Widely considered to be one of the greatest films in cinema history, it is the best-known and most commercially successful adaptation of L. Frank Baum's 1900 children's book \"\"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz.\"\" It was directed primarily by Victor Fleming (who left production to take over direction on the troubled \"\"Gone with the Wind\"\" production). It stars Judy Garland as Dorothy Gale, alongside Ray Bolger, Jack Haley, Bert Lahr, Frank Morgan, Billie Burke, and Margaret Hamilton, with Charley Grapewin, Pat", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2776972", "chunk_text": "\"Polychrome (Oz)\"\nrescues the rusted Captain Fyter the Tin Soldier by oiling his joints, just as Dorothy had done for the Tin Woodman in \"\"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz\"\" (1900), and she uses her magic to let the protagonists fit through a rabbit hole. In addition, she also restores Tommy Kwikstep to normal. In \"\"Sky Island\"\" (1912), she provides the solution to the central characters' main problem. Polychrome was played by Dolly Castles in the 1913 stage play, \"\"The Tik-Tok Man of Oz\"\" by Baum, Louis F. Gottschalk, Victor Schertzinger, and Oliver Morosco. In the play, she sings a duet with Ruggedo", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9185313", "chunk_text": "\"Franz Balluck\"\na week for his work. Balluck died on January 24, 1987 at age 73 in Vienna. His interment was at Zentralfriedhof near his sister, Josefine. In 2007, all 124 Munchkin actors in \"\"Oz\"\" were honored with a Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. For Balluck this was a posthumous honor. Seven surviving Munchkin actors attended the ceremony, including Mickey Carroll, Ruth Duccini, Jerry Maren, Margaret Pellegrini, Meinhardt Raabe, Karl Sloverand Clarence Swensen. Franz Balluck Franz \"\"Mike\"\" Balluck was an Austrian actor with dwarfism, best known for his role as one of the Munchkins in the 1939 film \"\"The Wizard", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3331597", "chunk_text": "\"The Magic Cloak of Oz\"\nloophole; Mildred Harris as his sister, Margaret, or Fluff; Fred Woodward as Nicodemus, the mule, and possibly some other animals as well, and Vivian Reed as Quavo, the minstrel. After Juanita Hansen became better known, the fact that she portrayed the title role, Queen Zixi, was mentioned in many contemporary sources. The International Wizard of Oz Club published Scott Andrew Hutchins' \"\"An Oz Filmography\"\" on their website, and in an edited form in the Spring 2004 issue of \"\"The Baum Bugle\"\", in which he postulated several other members of the \"\"Oz\"\" stock company in other roles. This information was submitted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11641348", "chunk_text": "\"John Pinette\"\nJohn Pinette John Paul Pinette ( ) (March 23, 1964 – April 5, 2014) was an American actor, Broadway performer, and stand-up comedian. He toured the comedy club circuit beginning in the 1980s and appeared in cinema and on television. Besides stand-up, Pinette did impressions of The Chipmunks, Elvis Presley, Gollum from \"\"The Lord of the Rings\"\", Hervé Villechaize (Tattoo from \"\"Fantasy Island\"\"), an Ewok, actor Marlon Brando (notably Brando's role in \"\"The Godfather)\"\", as well as various ethnic accents. He occasionally sang, for example \"\"Over the Rainbow\"\" from \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\", \"\"Will You Be There\"\" from \"\"Free Willy\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "822425", "chunk_text": "\"Meinhardt Raabe\"\nMeinhardt Raabe Meinhardt Frank Raabe (September 2, 1915 – April 9, 2010) was an American actor. He was one of the last surviving Munchkin-actors in \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\", and was also the last surviving cast member with any dialogue in the film. He portrayed the coroner who certified the death of the Wicked Witch of the East. Raabe was born in Watertown, Wisconsin. He graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1937, with a bachelor's degree in accounting. He later went on to get his MBA at Drexel University. Raabe did not hear the words \"\"midget\"\" or \"\"dwarf\"\" until", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3487261", "chunk_text": "\"Susan Glover\"\nSusan Glover Susan Glover (born January 14, 1957) is a Canadian actress, best known for playing Sarah in \"\"Naked Josh\"\". She is also known for voicing Miss Woods in \"\"Arthur\"\", Izabella Dehavalot in \"\"Amazon Jack\"\", Mrs. Schuman in \"\"Spaced Out\"\", Mrs. Larkin in \"\"What's With Andy?\"\" (2003–2007), Tubby's mom in \"\"The Little Lulu Show\"\", Lucille in \"\"Samurai Pizza Cats\"\", General Jinjur in the 1986 anime \"\"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz\"\" and Miss Dalee in \"\"My Goldfish is Evil\"\". She also played Ms. Noelle Atoll on the television series \"\"Radio Active\"\" and has made appearances in several films, specials, and television", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7265428", "chunk_text": "\"James Wolk\"\nJames Wolk James Wolk 22 March 1985 is an American actor. He is known for various roles in film and television, including his starring role as Jackson Oz in the drama series \"\"Zoo\"\", Charlie in the 2012 comedy film \"\"For a Good Time, Call...\"\", and Zach Cropper in the CBS sitcom \"\"The Crazy Ones\"\". Wolk was born in Farmington Hills, Michigan, the son of Edie, an art teacher, and Robert Wolk, a shoe store owner. His family is Jewish, and Wolk was raised in Reform Judaism. During his teenage years, Wolk worked as an emcee at Bar and Bat Mitzvahs.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9230609", "chunk_text": "\"M. C. Gainey\"\nfrontal nudity in the award-winning arthouse film \"\"Sideways\"\". He played Kurtz / The Wizard in the controversial road-revenge short film \"\"Apocalypse Oz\"\". In 2007, he appeared in \"\"Mr. Woodcock\"\", \"\"Wild Hogs\"\", and \"\"Unearthed\"\". In 2010, he appeared in \"\"Love Ranch\"\" and voiced the Captain of the Palace Guard in \"\"Tangled\"\". In 2012, he appeared in Quentin Tarantino's film \"\"Django Unchained\"\". He has been married to his wife Kim Novicki, who works as a lawyer, since 2002. On being typecast, Gainey stated: On the characters he has played, Gainey said: M. C. Gainey Michael Connor Gainey (born January 18, 1948) is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "822432", "chunk_text": "\"Meinhardt Raabe\"\nOsama bin Laden the previous day. Meinhardt Raabe Meinhardt Frank Raabe (September 2, 1915 – April 9, 2010) was an American actor. He was one of the last surviving Munchkin-actors in \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\", and was also the last surviving cast member with any dialogue in the film. He portrayed the coroner who certified the death of the Wicked Witch of the East. Raabe was born in Watertown, Wisconsin. He graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1937, with a bachelor's degree in accounting. He later went on to get his MBA at Drexel University. Raabe did not hear", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "759068", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Oz\"\nFrank Oz Frank Oz (born Frank Richard Oznowicz; May 25, 1944) is an American actor, puppeteer, director and producer. His career began as a puppeteer, where he performed the Muppet characters of Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, Animal, and Sam Eagle in \"\"The Muppet Show\"\", and Cookie Monster, Bert, and Grover in \"\"Sesame Street\"\". He is also known for the role of Yoda in the \"\"Star Wars\"\" series, in which he has performed and provided the voice for the character in several films and television series. His work as a director includes \"\"Little Shop of Horrors\"\" (1986), \"\"Dirty Rotten Scoundrels\"\" (1988),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20700101", "chunk_text": "\"Oz the Great and Powerful\"\nPhysical sets were constructed so the actors could have a visual reference, as opposed to using green screen technology for every scene. Chroma key compositing was only used for background pieces. Zach Braff and Joey King were on set, recording their dialogue simultaneously with the other actors, whenever their CG characters were present in a scene. Puppetry was employed for a physical version of the China Girl to serve as a visual key-point for actors to manipulate. Braff wore a blue motion capture suit to create Finley's movements and had a camera close to his face for the flying sequences", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4220495", "chunk_text": "\"Harry Monty\"\nHarry Monty Harry Monty (born Hymie Liechtenstein; April 15, 1904 in Dallas, Texas, USA – December 28, 1999) was an American actor of Polish descent, dwarf actor and stuntperson, whose most notable role was as a Munchkin and a winged monkey in the \"\"Wizard of Oz\"\". Monty began his career in vaudeville, and appeared in various films from the 1930s to the 1970s, often uncredited. He appeared in \"\"Wizard of Oz\"\" in 1939 as a Munchkin, and also as one of the Winged Monkeys. He later said he considered his role as a Munchkin to be the most important of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4220493", "chunk_text": "\"Harry Monty\"\nHarry Monty Harry Monty (born Hymie Liechtenstein; April 15, 1904 in Dallas, Texas, USA – December 28, 1999) was an American actor of Polish descent, dwarf actor and stuntperson, whose most notable role was as a Munchkin and a winged monkey in the \"\"Wizard of Oz\"\". Monty began his career in vaudeville, and appeared in various films from the 1930s to the 1970s, often uncredited. He appeared in \"\"Wizard of Oz\"\" in 1939 as a Munchkin, and also as one of the Winged Monkeys. He later said he considered his role as a Munchkin to be the most important of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15625416", "chunk_text": "\"Nathan Keyes\"\nNathan Keyes Nathan Keyes, born Nathan William Gumke, (born November 28, 1985) is an American actor, known for his roles as Kevin Levin in \"\"\"\". Keyes was born in Washington, D.C., to Holly and Dale Gumke, but raised in York, Pennsylvania with younger brother Chris. When he was seven, he wrote, produced, directed and acted in a play based on \"\"The Tailor of Gloucester\"\". He played his first stage role when he was eleven, and went on to star in theatrical roles such as Romeo, in \"\"Romeo and Juliet\"\", the Scarecrow in \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\", the Emcee in \"\"Cabaret\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13496487", "chunk_text": "\"Elya Baskin\"\nElya Baskin Ilya Zalmanovich Baskin (, ; born 11 August 1950), known as Elya Baskin, is a Soviet-born American actor. He first gained attention for his role in \"\"Moscow on the Hudson\"\" (1984), as Robin Williams' character's best friend. Baskin was born to a Jewish family in Riga, Soviet Latvia, the son of Frieda and Zalman Baskin. He attended Moscow's prestigious Theatre and Variety Arts College and won a Festival of Young Actors Award at the Moscow Comedy Theatre. He immigrated to the United States in 1976. He has built a considerable career in TV and film, and is often", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11640321", "chunk_text": "\"Terry (dog)\"\nTerry (dog) Terry (November 17, 1933 – September 1, 1945) was a female Cairn Terrier performer who appeared in 16 different movies, most famously as Toto in the film \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\" (1939). It was her only credited role, though she was credited not as Terry but as Toto. She was owned and trained by Carl Spitz. Terry, born in the midst of the Great Depression, was trained and owned by Carl Spitz. Her first film appearance was in \"\"Ready for Love\"\" (1934) which was released on November 30, 1934, roughly one month before her first major film appearance,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17628640", "chunk_text": "\"Joel Grey\"\nJoel Grey Joel Grey (born Joel David Katz; April 11, 1932) is an American actor, singer, dancer, director, and photographer. He is best known for portraying the Master of Ceremonies in the Kander & Ebb musical \"\"Cabaret\"\", as well as in the 1972 film adaptation. He has won an Academy Award, Tony Award, and Golden Globe Award. He also originated the role of George M. Cohan in the musical \"\"George M!\"\" in 1968, and the Wizard of Oz in the musical \"\"Wicked\"\". He also starred as Moonface Martin in the Broadway revivals of \"\"Anything Goes\"\" and as Amos Hart in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5619029", "chunk_text": "\"Elya Baskin\"\ncast as Eastern European characters. Elya Baskin Ilya Zalmanovich Baskin (, ; born 11 August 1950), known as Elya Baskin, is a Soviet-born American actor. He first gained attention for his role in \"\"Moscow on the Hudson\"\" (1984), as Robin Williams' character's best friend. Baskin was born to a Jewish family in Riga, Soviet Latvia, the son of Frieda and Zalman Baskin. He attended Moscow's prestigious Theatre and Variety Arts College and won a Festival of Young Actors Award at the Moscow Comedy Theatre. He immigrated to the United States in 1976. He has built a considerable career in TV", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13675272", "chunk_text": "\"Harry Wilson (actor)\"\nHarry Wilson (actor) Harry Wilson (22 November 1897 – 6 September 1978) was a British character actor who appeared in over 300 films from 1928 to 1965 and proudly proclaimed himself \"\"Hollywood's ugliest man\"\". His distinctive facial features and voice (often said to be the result of acromegaly, a disorder of the pituitary gland, although they do not fully meet the criteria) often led to him being cast as various henchmen, thugs, convicts and brawlers. His best-known roles include a Winkie Guard in \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\" (1939); the female monster in \"\"Frankenstein's Daughter\"\" (1958); and together with Mike Mazurki", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6224772", "chunk_text": "\"Wizard of Oz (character)\"\nto the \"\"Oz\"\" series. The film centers on Oscar Diggs (portrayed by James Franco), and follows his journey from small-time magician to the ruler of the Land of Oz. In it, he is portrayed as an overly flirtatious and overconfident con artist and stage magician who upon meeting Theodora (the future Wicked Witch of the West), and inadvertently sparking her obsession with him, is keen on fulfilling his role as the legendary Wizard destined to restore order to Oz (primarily due to the promise of the Oz Treasury). However, throughout his journey and seeing the impact of his actions both", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13527104", "chunk_text": "\"Ron Pederson\"\nnomination). In Vancouver, his performance of Carmen Ghia in \"\"The Producers\"\" earned him a Jessie Richardson Award nomination. He joined the acting company of the Stratford Festival in 2013, playing Lancelot Gobbo in \"\"The Merchant of Venice\"\". Pederson's recent film and television credits include providing the voice of the Golly Gee Kid in the YTV cartoon \"\"Sidekick\"\", guest starring on \"\"She's the Mayor\"\", \"\"InSecurity\"\" and \"\"\"\", and playing Frank in the family film \"\"Vampire Dog\"\". In October 2008, Pederson became a founding member and Co-Artistic Director – with Matt Baram and Naomi Snieckus – of the three-time Canadian Comedy Award-winning", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10772767", "chunk_text": "\"Lisby Larson\"\nOpera Association of St. Louis production of \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\", alongside Bob Keeshan as the Wizard of Oz, Natalie Delucia as Dorothy Gale, Lara Teeter as the Scarecrow, Ken Page as the Cowardly Lion, Johnny Sloman as the Tin Man and Marilyn Sokol as the Wicked Witch of the West. Larson was married to actor Rex Hays, who died on September 8, 2006 from cancer; the union produced two sons, Connor and Matthew. Lisby Larson Lisby Larson (born October 23, 1951, Washington, D.C.) is an American film, musical theatre, soap opera and television actress. She made multiple appearances on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1191700", "chunk_text": "\"Winged monkeys\"\n1939 film \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\", the monkeys are apparently intelligent enough to obey commands, but do not speak, though they do in the book. They abduct Dorothy and dismantle the Scarecrow, but do nothing to the Tin Man or the Cowardly Lion, leaving them free to put the Scarecrow back together and rescue Dorothy. There is no mention of any three wishes in the film, suggesting that the monkeys serve the witch unconditionally. Nikko (the head monkey) is shown again after the Witch orders him to throw a basket containing the dog Toto in the river (an order that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13838245", "chunk_text": "\"Kasha Kropinski\"\nKasha Kropinski Kasha Kropinski (born Katarzynka Kropiński on 27 August 1991) is a South African-born film and television actress, voice over artist and a classical ballerina. Kasha was born in South Africa, the daughter of Jacek Kropiński and Debbie Cochrane. Jacek is a filmmaker and Debbie is a former international model. Kasha started out at the age of 6, performing lead roles on stage with a Cape Town theatre troupe, Stagecraft. Her roles included \"\"Christopher Robin\"\", \"\"Peter Rabbit\"\", \"\"Noddy\"\", \"\"Mowgli\"\", Frankie Fox in \"\"Fantastic Mr Fox\"\", earning high praise from theatre critics. At this time, Kasha also gained distinction in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9598536", "chunk_text": "\"Kasha Kropinski\"\nKasha Kropinski Kasha Kropinski (born Katarzynka Kropiński on 27 August 1991) is a South African-born film and television actress, voice over artist and a classical ballerina. Kasha was born in South Africa, the daughter of Jacek Kropiński and Debbie Cochrane. Jacek is a filmmaker and Debbie is a former international model. Kasha started out at the age of 6, performing lead roles on stage with a Cape Town theatre troupe, Stagecraft. Her roles included \"\"Christopher Robin\"\", \"\"Peter Rabbit\"\", \"\"Noddy\"\", \"\"Mowgli\"\", Frankie Fox in \"\"Fantastic Mr Fox\"\", earning high praise from theatre critics. At this time, Kasha also gained distinction in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9186421", "chunk_text": "\"Josefine Balluck\"\nJosefine Balluck Josefine Balluck was an Austrian-born American actress with dwarfism, best known for her role as one of the Munchkins in the 1939 film \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\". Her dwarf brother Franz Balluck also appeared as a Munchkin in the same film. Coincidentally, their \"\"Oz\"\" co-star Jakob \"\"Jackie\"\" Gerlich was also originally from Vienna. While Balluck's role in Oz was uncredited, subsequent books list her as a Munchkin actor. Leopold von Singer signed a contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer to provide 124 proportionately-sized little people to play Munchkins in \"\"Oz\"\". Gerlich was recruited because of her dwarfism, and was paid $125", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20141959", "chunk_text": "\"Oz the Great and Powerful\"\nthree witches: Theodora, Evanora and Glinda. Oscar is then enlisted to restore order in Oz while struggling to resolve conflicts with the witches and himself. Kapner began developing an origin story for the Wizard of Oz after a lifelong interest of wanting to create one for the character. Walt Disney Pictures then commissioned the film's production in 2009 with Joe Roth as producer and Grant Curtis, Joshua Donen, Philip Steuer and Palak Patel serving as executive producers. Raimi was hired to direct the following year. After Robert Downey Jr. and Johnny Depp declined the titular role, Franco was cast in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2165202", "chunk_text": "\"Benjamin Brown (actor)\"\nBenjamin Brown (actor) Benjamin Brown (born 1968 in Atlanta, Georgia) is an American actor who has been on Bellum Entertainment Group's syndicated series \"\"Safari Tracks\"\" as Ushaka, a South African zoological protector and expert. It first aired in 2005. He has appeared in several movies and as a repeat guest star on \"\"The West Wing\"\". He has also guest starred in \"\"\"\", \"\"Without a Trace\"\", \"\"The Practice\"\", \"\"The Suite Life of Zack & Cody\"\" and \"\"Frasier\"\". He is known to TV audiences as the Great Mokomba on the Disney Channel TV series \"\"Omba Mokomba\"\" with former \"\"Roundhouse\"\" star Natasha Pearce", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13555915", "chunk_text": "\"Pat Walshe\"\nto wear complex prosthetics designed by Jack Dawn. While the other monkeys wore simple rubber masks, Walshe's needed to appear in close-ups, so instead a multi-piece prosthetic makeup was produced. The prosthetics were moulded to Walshe's features and then glued to his face, with some appliances protruding out. Walshe also wore a full fur body suit, with a short open tunic as well as a tail and wings. Walshe is listed in the end credits as playing Nikko, and despite being featured frequently in the movie, the name Nikko is never mentioned in the film. In the book, the character", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17007584", "chunk_text": "\"Benjamin Brown (actor)\"\nas Candace. It aired from 1997 to 1999. Benjamin Brown (actor) Benjamin Brown (born 1968 in Atlanta, Georgia) is an American actor who has been on Bellum Entertainment Group's syndicated series \"\"Safari Tracks\"\" as Ushaka, a South African zoological protector and expert. It first aired in 2005. He has appeared in several movies and as a repeat guest star on \"\"The West Wing\"\". He has also guest starred in \"\"\"\", \"\"Without a Trace\"\", \"\"The Practice\"\", \"\"The Suite Life of Zack & Cody\"\" and \"\"Frasier\"\". He is known to TV audiences as the Great Mokomba on the Disney Channel TV series", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2028819", "chunk_text": "\"Nome King\"\nfamiliar Oz characters, such as Roquat the Nome King, Tik-Tok, Uncle Henry, and, of course, Dorothy. Instead of being portrayed as an old man that looks like a mineral, Roquat is identified as being tall, rock-like with a boulder-like mass for his torso, and wears a large crown upon his rocky head. He controls the Nomes at will, headed by his lead Nome, Feldspar, who is very similar to Chistery, the flying monkey character from the Broadway adaptation, Wicked. The Nome King was portrayed on film by Nicol Williamson in 1985's \"\"Return to Oz\"\" which was based loosely on the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18043584", "chunk_text": "\"Margaret Raia\"\nMargaret Raia Margaret Raia (1929 – August 17, 2003), also known as Margie Raia, was an American actress with dwarfism, best known for her role as one of the Munchkin villagers in the 1939 film \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\". During production, MGM officials discovered that Raia was underage and as a result she was expelled from the set half way through filming. Her brother, Matthew, also appeared as a munchkin in the film. Raia was born in Long Island, New York in 1929. She died at the age of 74 from a brain seizure in Port Richey, Florida in August", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20919925", "chunk_text": "OzLand\nOzLand OzLand is a 2014 American science fantasy drama independent film starring Zack Ratkovich and Glenn Payne. It was written and directed by Michael Williams in his feature film debut. The film's story and characters are inspired by and are references to characters and events that appear in L. Frank Baum's children's book, \"\"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz\"\". Two men, Lief (Ratkovich) and Emri (Payne), wander through the fields and abandoned homes of a post-apocalyptic Kansas searching for food. Lief, the younger of the two and the only one who can read, finds a copy of \"\"The Wonderful Wizard of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4690377", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Gibson\"\nHenry Gibson Henry Gibson (born James Bateman, September 21, 1935 – September 14, 2009), was an American actor, singer, and songwriter. His best-known roles include his time as a cast member of the TV sketch-comedy series \"\"Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In\"\" from 1968 to 1971, the voice of Wilbur in the 1973 film \"\"Charlotte's Web\"\", his portrayal of diminutive country star Haven Hamilton in Robert Altman's 1975 film \"\"Nashville\"\", his role as the \"\"Illinois Nazi\"\" leader in the 1980 film \"\"The Blues Brothers\"\", his performance opposite Tom Hanks in 1989's \"\"The 'Burbs\"\", a small role in \"\"Magnolia\"\", his role as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12550446", "chunk_text": "\"P. J. Byrne\"\nP. J. Byrne Paul Jeffrey Byrne (born December 15, 1974) is an American film and television actor. Byrne is best known for his roles as Nicky \"\"Rugrat\"\" Koskoff in the Martin Scorsese film \"\"The Wolf of Wall Street\"\" (2013) and Bolin on Nickelodeon's animated series \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\" (2012–2014). A Garden State native, Byrne was born in Maplewood, New Jersey, to Emma N. (Ferraro) and Paul I. Byrne Jr., and was raised in Old Tappan, New Jersey, where he graduated from Northern Valley Regional High School at Old Tappan in 1992. He is of Irish and Italian descent. A", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5381122", "chunk_text": "\"Zachi Noy\"\nyears Noy also played in a number of Israeli musicals for children such as \"\"\"\"Peter Pan\"\"\"\", \"\"\"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\"\"\" And \"\"\"\"Sallah Shabati\"\"\"\", as well as different Israeli entertainment stage shows and several children's television shows. Noy also participated in dubbing several animated movies into Hebrew — including \"\"Space Jam\"\" and \"\"The Swan Princess\"\". He will next appear in a lead role of the upcoming feature by Daryush Shokof, called Poison Works. He is married with two children. Zachi Noy Zachi Noy (; born 8 July 1953) is an Israeli actor. Noy was born in 1953 in Haifa, Israel. At", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11361440", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Morgan\"\nthe Wizard), and the Wizard's scary face projection. Morgan was cast in the role on September 22, 1938. W. C. Fields was originally chosen for the role of the Wizard, but the studio ran out of patience after protracted haggling over his fee. An actor with a wide range, Morgan was equally effective playing comical, befuddled men such as Jesse Kiffmeyer in \"\"Saratoga\"\" (1937) and Mr. Ferris in \"\"Casanova Brown\"\" (1944), as he was with more serious, troubled characters like Hugo Matuschek in \"\"The Shop Around the Corner\"\" (1940), Professor Roth in \"\"The Mortal Storm\"\" (1940) and Willie Grogan in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6229543", "chunk_text": "\"The Wizard of Oz on television\"\nout to two hours. The 1956 television debut of the film marked the only time any actor who had appeared in the movie was selected to host it: Bert Lahr, who had played both the Cowardly Lion and farmhand Zeke in the film, appeared alongside then 10-year-old Liza Minnelli, and young Oz expert Justin G. Schiller. Lorna Luft, Minnelli's half-sister, did not appear as she was only four years old at the time, although she did have her picture taken with Minnelli in a promotional photo. Unlike several of the other \"\"Oz\"\" telecasts, apparently no stills were taken during the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12414860", "chunk_text": "\"Keaton Nigel Cooke\"\n- IMDb Mini Biography By: K. Cooke Keaton Nigel Cooke Keaton Nigel Cooke is an American actor. He made his television debut in \"\"Difficult People\"\" (2015) and his film debut in \"\"Wiener-Dog\"\" (2016). Keaton Nigel Cooke started his acting career at five years old in the production of \"\"The Jungle Book\"\" (2012) where he played the lead role of \"\"Mowgli.\"\" He went on to play roles as diverse as \"\"Tiny Tim\"\" in \"\"A Christmas Carol\"\" (2013) to the role of \"\"Wally Webb\"\" in \"\"Our Town\"\" (2014.) Keaton went on to screen success playing the lead role in three (3) consecutive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14680499", "chunk_text": "\"Margaret Pellegrini\"\nMargaret Pellegrini Margaret Pellegrini (née Williams; September 23, 1923 – August 7, 2013) was an American actress, vaudeville performer and dancer, best known for playing one of the Munchkins from the 1939 film \"\"The Wizard of Oz.\"\" Until her death in 2013, she was one of the three surviving munchkins, the other two being Jerry Maren and Ruth Robinson Duccini. She was born Margaret Williams in Alaska. When she was helping a relative in a potato chip booth at the Tennessee State Fair, a group of little people came by and asked if she wanted to join their show, Henry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12475541", "chunk_text": "\"Margaret Pellegrini\"\nMargaret Pellegrini Margaret Pellegrini (née Williams; September 23, 1923 – August 7, 2013) was an American actress, vaudeville performer and dancer, best known for playing one of the Munchkins from the 1939 film \"\"The Wizard of Oz.\"\" Until her death in 2013, she was one of the three surviving munchkins, the other two being Jerry Maren and Ruth Robinson Duccini. She was born Margaret Williams in Alaska. When she was helping a relative in a potato chip booth at the Tennessee State Fair, a group of little people came by and asked if she wanted to join their show, Henry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1553038", "chunk_text": "\"Sam Melville (actor)\"\nOf Hazzard\"\", \"\"Happy Birthday, General Lee\"\". Melville was born in Fillmore, Utah, and died from heart failure in Los Angeles, California. Sam Melville (actor) Samuel Gardner \"\"Sam\"\" Melville (August 20, 1936 – March 9, 1989) was an American actor. He appeared as a guest star on many television programs of the 1960s and 1970s. He portrayed Officer Mike Danko in four seasons of Aaron Spelling's ABC series, \"\"The Rookies\"\", and The Bear in the 1978 surfing movie, \"\"Big Wednesday\"\", with Celia Kaye as his unnamed \"\"bride.\"\" Melville also had small parts in \"\"Hour of the Gun\"\" (1967) playing the role", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3374726", "chunk_text": "\"Mykelti Williamson\"\nMykelti Williamson Michael T. \"\"Mykelti\"\" Williamson (born March 4, 1957) is an American actor best known for his roles in the films \"\"Forrest Gump\"\" and \"\"Con Air\"\", and the television shows \"\"Boomtown\"\", \"\"24\"\", and \"\"Justified\"\". In 2016, he portrayed Gabriel Maxson in Denzel Washington's acclaimed film adaptation of August Wilson's play \"\"Fences\"\", reprising his role from the 2010 Broadway revival. His other notable roles include \"\"Free Willy\"\", \"\"Heat\"\", \"\"Lucky Number Slevin\"\", \"\"Three Kings\"\", \"\"Black Dynamite\"\", \"\"The Final Destination\"\", \"\"ATL\"\", \"\"Species II\"\", and \"\"\"\". Williamson was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He is the son of Elaine, a certified public accountant,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_3399	where is union station in washington dc located?	n/a	[ "50 Massachusetts Avenue NE" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20790934", "chunk_text": "\"Union Station (Washington Metro)\"\nUnion Station (Washington Metro) Union Station is a Washington Metro station in Washington, D.C. on the Red Line. It has a single underground island platform. The station is located in the Northeast quadrant of the city under the western end of Union Station, the main train station for Washington, where connections can be made to Amtrak intercity trains, as well as Virginia Railway Express and MARC commuter rail trains to suburbs in Virginia, Maryland, and West Virginia. The station was originally named \"\"Union Station–Visitor Center\"\" but when the National Visitor Center there failed, it was renamed Union Station. One or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20790936", "chunk_text": "\"Union Station (Washington Metro)\"\nstation and Massachusetts Avenue and the other at the northern end emptying onto 1st Street NE and to the main boarding concourse. Union Station (Washington Metro) Union Station is a Washington Metro station in Washington, D.C. on the Red Line. It has a single underground island platform. The station is located in the Northeast quadrant of the city under the western end of Union Station, the main train station for Washington, where connections can be made to Amtrak intercity trains, as well as Virginia Railway Express and MARC commuter rail trains to suburbs in Virginia, Maryland, and West Virginia. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6801155", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\nWashington Union Station Washington Union Station is a major train station, transportation hub, and leisure destination in Washington, D.C. Opened in 1907, it is Amtrak's headquarters and the railroad's second-busiest station with annual ridership of just under 5 million and the ninth-busiest in overall passengers served in the United States. The station is the southern terminus of the Northeast Corridor, an electrified rail line extending north through major cities including Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York City, and Boston and the busiest passenger rail line in the nation. An intermodal facility, Union Station also serves MARC and VRE commuter rail services, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6801182", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\non a northbound train, which then departs north towards Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, and eventually Boston. The Red Line Metrorail station of the same name is underground beneath the western side of the building. Entrances are located inside Union Station with direct access from the high-level MARC and Amtrak platforms, from the east side of First Street NE, or from just outside the station at Massachusetts Avenue NE, providing access to the main concourse. On August 1, 2011, John Porcari, the United States Deputy Secretary of Transportation, announced that Union Station would begin serving intercity buses operated by Greyhound Lines,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9208345", "chunk_text": "\"Columbus Circle (Washington, D.C.)\"\nColumbus Circle (Washington, D.C.) Columbus Circle, also known as Union Station Plaza or Columbus Plaza, is a traffic circle at the intersection of Delaware, Louisiana and Massachusetts Avenues and E and First Streets, Northeast in Washington, D.C. It is located in front of Union Station right next to the grounds of the United States Capitol. Union Station and its access roads interrupt this circle on one side, forming an arc. The Thurgood Marshall Federal Judiciary Building is located on the eastern side and the National Postal Museum is on the western side of the plaza next to Union Station. Both", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6801178", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\nmortuary. Union Station was equipped with a presidential suite which is now occupied by a restaurant. Today Union Station is again one of Washington's busiest and best-known places, visited by 40 million people each year and has many shops, cafes, and restaurants. Passenger services include Amtrak's high-speed \"\"Acela Express\"\", \"\"Northeast Regional\"\", and several of Amtrak's long-distance trains (including, among others, the \"\"Capitol Limited\"\", \"\"Crescent\"\", and \"\"Silver Service\"\" trains); the MARC and VRE commuter railways, linking Washington to Maryland and West Virginia (MARC) and Virginia (VRE); and the Washington Metro Red Line. From Union Station, Amtrak also operates long-distance service to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20790935", "chunk_text": "\"Union Station (Washington Metro)\"\ntwo pylons still read \"\"Union Station-Visitor Center\"\", and a number of older stations still display this name on signage. Like the other original stations, Union Station sports coffered vaults of concrete in its ceiling. Service began on March 27, 1976 with the opening of the Red Line. It is the busiest station in the Metrorail system, averaging 29,197 passengers per weekday as of May 2017. In March 2017, it was announced the station would be painted white at a cost of $75,000–$100,000. The station features an island platform with two exits, one mid-platform leading into the main part of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6801183", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\nBoltBus, Megabus, and Washington Deluxe later that year from a new bus facility in the station's parking garage. By November 15, 2011, BoltBus, Megabus, Tripper Bus, and Washington Deluxe were operating from the new facility. On September 26, 2012, Greyhound and Peter Pan Bus Lines relocated all of their Washington, D.C., operations to the facility. Buses of the Georgetown-Union Station route of the DC Circulator system stop within the facility every ten minutes during operating hours. As of 2017, OurBus now services Union Station, providing routes to Maryland, New Jersey, and New York. The DC Streetcar's H Street/Benning Road Line", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "785935", "chunk_text": "\"Federal Triangle station\"\nFederal Triangle station Federal Triangle is an island platformed Washington Metro station in Downtown Washington, D.C., United States. The station was opened on July 1, 1977, and is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). Providing service for the Blue, Orange, and Silver Lines, the station's entrance is beneath the William Jefferson Clinton Federal Building. On January 13, 1982, an eastbound Metro train on the Orange Line derailed just east of the station resulting in three fatalities, the first fatalities in the system's history. The station opened on July 1, 1977. Its opening coincided with the completion of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6801181", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\nthrough under the station building and Capitol Hill via the First Street tunnel. Electrification ends at the station, and all trains continuing south through the tunnel must have their electric engines swapped out for diesel locomotives. For example, when a southbound \"\"Northeast Regional\"\" train arrives on a lower level platform on its way to Newport News, Virginia, its Siemens ACS-64 engine is removed and set aside. A GE Genesis engine that was earlier removed from a northbound train is coupled to the front of the southbound, and it continues through the tunnel toward Virginia. The electric engine is now placed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9208351", "chunk_text": "\"Columbus Circle (Washington, D.C.)\"\nof Union Station off of F Street NE. Bike racks are available in front of Union Station and in 2009, DDOT announced the construction of the Bikestation on the west side of Union Station right off the plaza where the bike lane ends. Columbus Circle (Washington, D.C.) Columbus Circle, also known as Union Station Plaza or Columbus Plaza, is a traffic circle at the intersection of Delaware, Louisiana and Massachusetts Avenues and E and First Streets, Northeast in Washington, D.C. It is located in front of Union Station right next to the grounds of the United States Capitol. Union Station", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "785939", "chunk_text": "\"Federal Triangle station\"\nthe station; this has yet to be used. Similar walls can be found at stations such as Archives-Navy Memorial-Penn Quarter. Federal Triangle station Federal Triangle is an island platformed Washington Metro station in Downtown Washington, D.C., United States. The station was opened on July 1, 1977, and is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). Providing service for the Blue, Orange, and Silver Lines, the station's entrance is beneath the William Jefferson Clinton Federal Building. On January 13, 1982, an eastbound Metro train on the Orange Line derailed just east of the station resulting in three fatalities, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12942663", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\nWashington Metro, intercity bus lines, and local Metrobus buses. At the height of its traffic, during World War II, as many as 200,000 passengers passed through the station in a single day. In 1988, a headhouse wing was added and the original station renovated for use as a shopping mall. Today, Union Station is one of the busiest rail facilities and shopping destinations in the United States, and is visited by over 40 million people a year. Before Union Station opened, each of the major railroads operated out of one of two stations: The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad line ran", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6801185", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\nin the southwest corner of the Ivy City Yard. Riders on the Metro Red Line between Union Station and Rhode Island Avenue Station get an aerial view of the south end of the Ivy City Yard. Union Station is owned by the Washington Terminal Company and United States Department of Transportation. The DOT owns the station itself, while WTC, in which Amtrak holds a 99.9 percent controlling interest, owns several parcels around the station, including the nearby tracks. The non-profit Union Station Redevelopment Corporation managed the station on behalf of the owners, but an 84-year lease of the property is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8513752", "chunk_text": "\"Capitol South station\"\nCapitol South station Capitol South is an island platformed Washington Metro station in the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Washington, D.C., United States. The station was opened on July 1, 1977, and is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). The station currently provides service for the Blue, Orange, and Silver Lines. The station opened on July 1, 1977. Its opening coincided with the completion of of rail between National Airport and RFK Stadium and the opening of the Arlington Cemetery, Crystal City, Eastern Market, Farragut West, Federal Center SW, Federal Triangle, Foggy Bottom–GWU, L'Enfant Plaza, McPherson Square, National", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15372412", "chunk_text": "\"Washington, D.C.\"\nrapid transit system in the country. Metrobus serves over 400,000 riders each weekday and is the nation's fifth-largest bus system. The city also operates its own DC Circulator bus system, which connects commercial areas within central Washington. Union Station is the city's main train station and services approximately 70,000 people each day. It is Amtrak's second-busiest station with 4.6 million passengers annually and is the southern terminus for the Northeast Corridor and Acela Express routes. Maryland's MARC and Virginia's VRE commuter trains and the Metrorail Red Line also provide service into Union Station. Following renovations in 2011, Union Station became", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3241820", "chunk_text": "\"Congress Heights station\"\nCongress Heights station Congress Heights is an island platformed Washington Metro station in the Congress Heights neighborhood of Washington, D.C., United States. The station was opened on January 13, 2001, and is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). Providing service for only the Green Line, the station is located at Alabama Avenue and 13th Street, lying under St. Elizabeths Hospital. Congress Heights is the last Green Line station in the District of Columbia going southeast. Groundbreaking for the final segment of the Green Line occurred on September 23, 1995, and the station opened on January 13, 2001.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10030118", "chunk_text": "\"Alexandria Union Station\"\nstate that include Union Station. This was followed by an additional extension to Richmond in 2009, Norfolk in 2012 and Roanoke in 2017. Alexandria Union Station Alexandria Union Station is a historic railroad station in Alexandria, Virginia, south of Washington, D.C. To avoid confusion with nearby Washington Union Station, the station is often referred to as simply Alexandria. Its Amtrak code is ALX. The station is located on Callahan Drive in the Old Town section of the city. It is served by both Amtrak intercity and Virginia Railway Express (VRE) commuter rail lines. The station serves as an alternative stop", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5766828", "chunk_text": "\"Alexandria Union Station\"\nAlexandria Union Station Alexandria Union Station is a historic railroad station in Alexandria, Virginia, south of Washington, D.C. To avoid confusion with nearby Washington Union Station, the station is often referred to as simply Alexandria. Its Amtrak code is ALX. The station is located on Callahan Drive in the Old Town section of the city. It is served by both Amtrak intercity and Virginia Railway Express (VRE) commuter rail lines. The station serves as an alternative stop for Amtrak riders traveling through the Washington area. It is located directly across the tracks from the King Street–Old Town station of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5950881", "chunk_text": "\"First Street Tunnel\"\nFirst Street Tunnel The First Street Tunnel is a two-track, soft-earth tunnel built between 1904 and 1906 by the Washington Terminal Company to serve as the southern approach to Union Station in Washington, D.C. Currently owned by Amtrak, it connects to lower-level tracks and platforms at the station, passes under Capitol Hill and connects to the RF&P Subdivision (CSX Transportation) and Long Bridge, offering through railway service to Alexandria, Virginia, and points west and south. Unlike the Northeast Corridor tracks north of Union Station, the tunnel tracks are not electrified, so southbound trains leaving Union Station must switch to diesel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9891505", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\na famed Chicago architect and member of the U.S. Senate Park Commission, who in September 1901 wrote to the Commission's chairman, Sen. James McMillan, of the proposed project: \"\"The station and its surroundings should be treated in a monumental manner, as they will become the vestibule of the city of Washington, and as they will be in close proximity to the Capitol itself.\"\" After two years of complicated and sometimes contentious negotiations, Congress passed S. 4825 (58th-1st session) entitled \"\"An Act to provide a union railroad station in the District of Columbia\"\" which was signed into law by 26th President", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20845479", "chunk_text": "\"McPherson Square station\"\nMcPherson Square station McPherson Square is a side platformed Washington Metro station in Downtown Washington, D.C., United States. The station is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). Providing service for the Blue, Silver, and Orange Lines, the station is located between McPherson Square and Franklin Square, with two entrances on I Street at Vermont Avenue and 14th Street NW. This is the main station to access the White House, and the Vermont Avenue exit is directly underneath the Department of Veterans Affairs building. The station opened on July 1, 1977. Its opening coincided with the completion of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20845480", "chunk_text": "\"McPherson Square station\"\nof rail between National Airport and RFK Stadium and the opening of the Arlington Cemetery, Capitol South, Crystal City, Eastern Market, Farragut West, Federal Center SW, Federal Triangle, Foggy Bottom–GWU, L'Enfant Plaza, National Airport, Pentagon, Pentagon City, Potomac Avenue, Rosslyn, Smithsonian and Stadium–Armory stations. Orange Line service to the station began upon the line's opening on November 20, 1978. McPherson Square station McPherson Square is a side platformed Washington Metro station in Downtown Washington, D.C., United States. The station is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). Providing service for the Blue, Silver, and Orange Lines, the station", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5489879", "chunk_text": "\"Union Station (Seattle)\"\nUnion Station (Seattle) Union Station is a former train station in Seattle, Washington, United States, constructed between 1910 and 1911 to serve the Union Pacific Railroad and the Milwaukee Road. It was originally named Oregon and Washington Station, after a subsidiary line of the Union Pacific. Located at the corner of S. Jackson Street and 4th Avenue S. in the Pioneer Square neighborhood, the station opened on May 20, 1911. The Milwaukee Road discontinued passenger service to Union Station 50 years later, on May 22, 1961, and the Union Pacific followed suit on April 30, 1971. With no passenger rail", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "785965", "chunk_text": "\"Smithsonian station\"\nSmithsonian station Smithsonian is a side platformed Washington Metro station at the National Mall in Washington, D.C., United States. The station was opened on July 1, 1977, and is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). It is a stop on the Blue, Orange and Silver Lines. The station's south entrance is at the southwest corner of Independence Avenue and 12th Street, Southwest, the street elevator is at the northwest corner of the same intersection, and the north entrance is on the south side of the Mall near Jefferson Drive, Southwest. The station is named for its proximity", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "785966", "chunk_text": "\"Smithsonian station\"\nto the Smithsonian Institution's museums and is close to the Washington Monument, the Tidal Basin and other tourist attractions on and near the National Mall. The station is also near several federal office buildings, including those of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Energy. The station opened on July 1, 1977. Its opening coincided with the completion of of rail between National Airport and RFK Stadium and the opening of the Arlington Cemetery, Capitol South, Crystal City, Eastern Market, Farragut West, Federal Center SW, Federal Triangle, Foggy Bottom–GWU, L'Enfant Plaza, McPherson Square, National Airport, Pentagon, Pentagon City, Potomac", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8511166", "chunk_text": "\"L'Enfant Plaza station\"\nL'Enfant Plaza station L'Enfant Plaza is a Washington Metro station in the Southwest Federal Center neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The station was opened on July 1, 1977, and is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). It is a transfer station with two levels: the upper level has two side platforms and is used by the Green and Yellow Lines, while the lower level has an island platform used by the Blue, Orange, and Silver Lines. It is also where the Yellow and Green lines converge going north. The station serves five out of the system's six lines,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "785968", "chunk_text": "\"Smithsonian station\"\nestablished around the National Mall during Independence Day events. Metro stopped closing Smithsonian station on July 4 beginning in 2009. On April 14, 2016, Metro has proposed to change the name of the station adding \"\"National Mall\"\" to the station name. On June 25, 2017, \"\"National Mall\"\" was added as a subtitle to \"\"Smithsonian\"\". Smithsonian station Smithsonian is a side platformed Washington Metro station at the National Mall in Washington, D.C., United States. The station was opened on July 1, 1977, and is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). It is a stop on the Blue, Orange", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6129063", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Terminal Company\"\nWashington Terminal Company The Washington Terminal Company is a corporation created in Washington, D.C., United States, to provide support to railroads using Washington's Union Station. It is now a nearly wholly owned subsidiary of Amtrak. It was established in 1901 by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and the Pennsylvania Railroad-controlled Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington Railroad. The Washington Terminal Company owned and operated Union Station (opened in 1907) and about of track in the Washington area, providing switching services for passenger trains using the station or passing through the area: In 1981, Amtrak took over the terminal company's operations. It currently", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6801186", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\nheld by New York-based Ashkenazy Acquisition Corporation and managed by Chicago-based Jones Lang LaSalle. Its offices used to house the headquarters of Amtrak (until 2017) and carries the IATA airport code of ZWU. In July 2012, Amtrak announced a four-phase, $7 billion plan to revamp and renovate the station over 15 to 20 years. The proposed conversion would \"\"double the number of trains and triple the number of passengers in gleaming, glass-encased halls\"\". Former Amtrak President and CEO Joseph H. Boardman hoped the federal government would finance \"\"50 to 80 percent\"\" of the project. Washington Union Station Washington Union Station", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "785936", "chunk_text": "\"Federal Triangle station\"\nof rail between National Airport and RFK Stadium and the opening of the Arlington Cemetery, Capitol South, Crystal City, Eastern Market, Farragut West, Federal Center SW, Foggy Bottom–GWU, L'Enfant Plaza, McPherson Square, National Airport, Pentagon, Pentagon City, Potomac Avenue, Rosslyn, Smithsonian and Stadium–Armory stations. Orange Line service to the station began upon the line's opening on November 20, 1978. Silver Line service at Federal Triangle began on July 26, 2014. The station serves an area of Washington crowded with federal buildings, on 12th Street between Pennsylvania Avenue NW and Constitution Avenue NW, including the triangular area formed by 15th Street,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12942678", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\nthe District of Columbia would be permitted to reprogram up to $40 million in federal highway money to finish the parking garage at Union Station. On October 19, administration officials and members of the United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation agreed on additional aspects of the plan. Up to $1 million would be authorized and appropriated to fund a study on needed repairs at the station and a second study on the feasibility of turning Union Station into a retail complex. The Department of Transportation (DOT) was authorized to sign contracts with any willing corporation to construct", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "692821", "chunk_text": "\"Tenleytown–AU station\"\nTenleytown–AU station Tenleytown–AU is a rapid transit station on the Red Line of the Washington Metro in Washington, D.C. Located in the Upper Northwest neighborhood, it is the last station on the Red Line heading outbound wholly within the District of Columbia; the next stop, Friendship Heights, lies within both the District and the state of Maryland. The southernmost station underneath the Wisconsin Avenue NW corridor, Tenleytown–AU station lies within the neighborhood of the same name in the Upper Northwest portion of the city. More specifically, it lies north of Tenley Circle, for which the area is named, below Wisconsin", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20390627", "chunk_text": "\"Union Trust Building (Washington, D.C.)\"\nUnion Trust Building (Washington, D.C.) The Union Trust Building is a historic building, located at 740 15th Street, Northwest, Washington, D.C. The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and is a contributing property to the 15th Street Financial Historic District. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 1906 Waddy Butler Wood and the Wood, Donn & Deming became the first Washington, D.C. architectural firm to design a bank high-rise in their city when they designed the Union Trust Building, now home to the New America Foundation and Joe's, the DC location of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6801168", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\nand Southern Railway. The Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad provided a link to Richmond, Virginia, about to the south, where major north-south lines of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad and Seaboard Air Line Railroad provided service to the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida. World War II was the busiest period in the station's history in terms of passenger traffic with up to 200,000 people passing through on a single day. In 1967, the chairman of the Civil Service Commission expressed interest in using Union Station as a visitor center during the upcoming Bicentennial celebrations. Funding for this was collected over the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9891507", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\nin first mortgage bonds as well as advances by the owners which were repaid by stock and cash. Each carrier also received $1.5 million in government funding to compensate them for the costs of eliminating grade crossings in the city. The only railroad station in the nation specifically authorized by the U.S. Congress, the building was primarily designed by William Pierce Anderson of the Chicago architectural firm of D.H. Burnham & Company. Though the project was supported on the Federal level, there was opposition at the local level. The new depot would displace residents and impact the new neighborhoods east", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6801179", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\nthe Southeast and Midwest, including many intermediate stops to destinations such as Chicago, Atlanta, New Orleans, and Miami. In fiscal 2011, an average of more than 13,000 passengers boarded or got off Amtrak trains each day. It is also Amtrak's busiest train station that can handle the railroad's Superliner railcars. The track area of the station is divided between the ground and a lower-level. The ground level contains tracks 7–20 (tracks 1-6 no longer exist), which are served by high-level bay platforms at the door level of most trains. These tracks are used by all MARC commuter rail services, all", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5489882", "chunk_text": "\"Union Station (Seattle)\"\nUnion Station, mostly below street level. Union Station (Seattle) Union Station is a former train station in Seattle, Washington, United States, constructed between 1910 and 1911 to serve the Union Pacific Railroad and the Milwaukee Road. It was originally named Oregon and Washington Station, after a subsidiary line of the Union Pacific. Located at the corner of S. Jackson Street and 4th Avenue S. in the Pioneer Square neighborhood, the station opened on May 20, 1911. The Milwaukee Road discontinued passenger service to Union Station 50 years later, on May 22, 1961, and the Union Pacific followed suit on April", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17086882", "chunk_text": "\"Union Tunnel (Baltimore)\"\nUnion Tunnel (Baltimore) The Union Tunnel is a pair of railroad tunnels on Amtrak's Northeast Corridor in Baltimore, Maryland that connect Pennsylvania Station to the Pennsylvania Railroad's original mainline to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and points north. The original tunnel was built in 1873, while a second one was completed in 1934. The Union Tunnel was originally constructed as part of the Union Railroad and served as the northern and eastern approach to Baltimore Union Station (now called Pennsylvania Station). In all, the Union Railroad was in length, extending from the northern terminus of the Baltimore and Potomac Rail Road to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19588262", "chunk_text": "\"Central Place\"\nthe Rosslyn station of the Washington Metro and some bedrock, presenting engineering challenges. Central Place Central Place is mixed-use development, consisting primarily of CEB Tower (headquarters of CEB Inc.) to the south, and a residential tower to the north, with a plaza between them in Arlington, Virginia. The office tower is home to Virginia's second public observation deck, after the City Hall of Richmond, Virginia, located nearly above sea level, and is the highest public location in the Washington metropolitan area. Design began in 2002 and construction was set to begin in 2008, but was delayed to 2014 due to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6801180", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\nAmtrak \"\"Acela Express\"\" trains, and some Amtrak \"\"Northeast Regional\"\" trains that terminate at the station. All of the tracks on this level terminate at the station and are only used by trains arriving from and departing to the north. The lower level contains tracks 22–29, which are served by low-level platforms at the track level. These platforms are served by all VRE trains, all Amtrak long-distance trains that serve the station except for the \"\"Capitol Limited\"\", and some Amtrak \"\"Northeast Regional\"\" trains that are continuing south to Virginia. Unlike the tracks on the upper level, the lower level tracks run", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12942664", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\neast on D Street NE across North Capitol, then north on Delaware Avenue NE. It divided into two lines. The Metropolitan branch continued north on 1st Street NE, turning east on New York Ave NE and continuing north through Eckington. The other line turned east onto I Street NE up to 7th Street NE where it headed back north on what is today West Virginia Avenue running next to the \"\"Columbia Institution for the Deaf and Dumb\"\" now Gallaudet University. When the Pennsylvania Railroad and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad announced in 1901 that they had agreed to build a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11990897", "chunk_text": "\"Capitol Hill station\"\nBroadway and East John Street, traveling west towards Downtown Seattle and South Lake Union; east towards Volunteer Park and the Central District; south towards First Hill, Beacon Hill, and the Rainier Valley; and north towards the University District. On weekends during the spring, summer, and early autumn, a Trailhead Direct shuttle connects Capitol Hill station to North Bend and Mount Si, a popular hiking area. Capitol Hill station Capitol Hill is a light rail station in the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Seattle, Washington, United States. The station is served by Sound Transit's Link light rail system and is located near", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10656484", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Union Station\"\nthe cost of building an access across the tracks. At the March 10, 1902 meeting, the President of the Association informed the audience that the District Commissioners was supportive of requests of the citizens of Washington, DC and that H Street would remain open with a 750 ft tunnel running under the tracks. The Station and tracks took the place of over 100 houses in the heart of an impoverished neighborhood called \"\"Swampoodle\"\" where crime was rampant. It was the end of a community but the beginning of a new era for Washington, DC. Tiber Creek which was prone to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6707308", "chunk_text": "\"History of Washington, D.C.\"\nnew B&O line (the Metropolitan Branch) connecting Washington to the west, and the introduction of competition from the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad in the 1870s. In 1907, Union Station opened as the city's central terminal. Almost immediately after the \"\"Federal City\"\" was laid out north of the Potomac, some residents south of the Potomac in Alexandria County, D.C., began petitioning to be returned to Virginia's jurisdiction. Over time, a larger movement grew to separate Alexandria from the District for several reasons: After a referendum, Alexandria County's citizens petitioned Congress and Virginia to return the area to Virginia. By an act", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1639583", "chunk_text": "\"Potomac Avenue station\"\nPotomac Avenue station Potomac Avenue is an island platformed Washington Metro station in the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Southeast Washington, D.C., United States. The station was opened on July 1, 1977, and is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). The station currently provides service for the Blue, Orange, and Silver Lines. The station serves a dense residential area of Southeast Washington around Potomac Avenue and is located at 14th and G Streets. The station's opening coincided with the completion of of rail between National Airport and RFK Stadium and the opening of the Arlington Cemetery, Capitol South,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1007849", "chunk_text": "\"Washington Metro\"\nceiling vaults. Weese worked with Cambridge, Massachusetts-based lighting designer Bill Lam on the indirect lighting used throughout the system. All of Metro's original Brutalist stations are found in Downtown Washington, D.C. and neighboring urban corridors of Arlington, Virginia, while newer stations incorporate simplified cost-efficient designs. In 2007 the design of the Metro's vaulted-ceiling stations was voted number 106 on the \"\"America's Favorite Architecture\"\" list compiled by the American Institute of Architects (AIA), and was the only Brutalist design to win a place among the 150 selected by this public survey. In January 2014 the AIA announced that it would present", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11641270", "chunk_text": "\"Virginia Railway Express\"\nreview of \"\"multiple internal control issues\"\", including reports of corruption and favoritism, that \"\"call into question the management of the Virginia Railway Express\"\". For example, VRE managers disregarded warnings by a former employee, later borne out, that a train would hit the new Broad Run platform. Virginia Railway Express The Virginia Railway Express (VRE) is a commuter rail service that connects the Northern Virginia suburbs to Union Station in Washington, D.C., via two lines during peak hours: the Fredericksburg Line from Fredericksburg, Virginia, and the Manassas Line from station in Bristow, Virginia. Service to Manassas began on June 22, 1992;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10030117", "chunk_text": "\"Alexandria Union Station\"\nownership of the station building was assumed by Amtrak and the rails by CSX Transportation. The City of Alexandria took ownership of the station in 2001. Since the 1970s, Union Station has been the focus of Amtrak's regional services into Virginia. In 1976, Amtrak began running the \"\"Colonial\"\" from Washington through Alexandria to Newport News, Virginia. It proved to be successful enough in its own right to not need a subsidy from Virginia, and continues today as a \"\"Northeast Regional\"\" run. On October 1, 2009, Amtrak began running two Northeast Regionals to and from Lynchburg, Virginia, making stops in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7500388", "chunk_text": "\"Benning Road station\"\nBenning Road station Benning Road is an island platformed Washington Metro station in the Benning Ridge neighborhood of Northeast Washington, D.C., United States. The station was opened on November 22, 1980, and is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). Providing service for the Blue and Silver Lines, the station is located in a residential area near the intersection of Benning Road and East Capitol Street. It is the first station after the Blue and Silver Lines diverge from the Orange Line east of the Anacostia River, and also the last station in the District of Columbia going", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]

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